Flowserve CorporationFlowserve's purpose statement is to create extraordinary flow control solutions to make the world better for everyone. We are a world-leading manufacturer and aftermarket service provider of comprehensive flow control systems. We develop and manufacture precision-engineered flow control equipment integral to the movement, control and protection of the flow of materials in our customers’ critical processes. Our product portfolio of pumps, valves, seals, automation and aftermarket services supports global infrastructure industries, including oil and gas, chemical, power generation (including nuclear, fossil and renewable) and water management, as well as certain general industrial markets where our products and services add value. Through our manufacturing platform and global network of Quick Response Centers ("QRCs"), we offer a broad array of aftermarket equipment services, such as installation, advanced diagnostics, repair and retrofitting.retrofitting for global infrastructure markets.

Flowserve has a clear growth strategy as we transform our operations to better meet our customers' needs. Our overarching strategic objectives are to remain a global leader in each of the market segments we serve and become the employer of choice in the flow control industry. Additionally, weindustry and capitalize on growth through our traditional end markets as well as through energy transition opportunities. We seek to be recognized by our customers as the most trusted brand of flow control technology in terms of reliability and quality, which we believe will help maximize shareholder value.

In pursuit of these objectives, we maintain a rolling, five-year strategic plan that takes a balanced approach to integrating both short-term and long-term initiatives in fourand accelerates growth through three key areas: People, Process & Technology, Customerdiversification, decarbonization, and Finance.digitization (the "3D Strategy"). With our 3D Strategy we hope to utilize our leadership in the flow control industry, and through our commitment to research and development, create innovative products and solutions which address the emerging climate and environmental issues that our customers face. We believe that our 3D strategy, improved execution through our new operating model and continued innovation efforts will drive long-term revenue growth and profit expansion. For further discussion of our new operating model, see the Executive Overview in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included in this Annual Report.

Flowserve Corporation as it exists today was created in 1997 through the merger of two leading fluid motion and control companies — BW/IP and Durco International. Under the name of a predecessor entity, we were incorporated in the State of New York on May 1, 1912, but some of our heritage product brand names date back to our founding in 1790. Over the years, we have evolved through organic growth and strategic acquisitions, and our over 225-year230-year history of Flowserve heritage brands serves as the foundation for the breadth and depth of our products and services today.

Demand for most of our products depends on the level of new capital investment as well as planned and unplanned maintenance expenditures by our customers. The level of new capital investment depends, in turn, on capital infrastructure projects driven by the need for products that rely on oil and gas, chemicals, power generation and water resource management, as well as general economic conditions. These drivers are generally related to the phase of the business cycle in their respective industries and the expectations of future market behavior, including changes in demand for certain products and processes as a result of evolving industry trends and needs. The levels of maintenance expenditures are additionally driven by the reliability of equipment, planned and unplanned downtime for maintenance and the required capacity utilization of the process. Energy transition has also resulted in increased demand for our products and services as customers and geographies look to secure more independent sources of energy.

Sales to EPC firms and original equipment manufacturers are typically for large project orders and critical applications, as are certain sales to distributors. Project orders are typically procured for customers either directly from us or indirectly through contractors for new construction projects or facility enhancement projects that are longer-cycle projects and can take up to two years.

In contrast to large project orders, the quick turnaround business, which we also refer to as "short-cycle," is defined as orders that are received from the customer (booked) and shipped generally within six months of receipt. These orders are typically for more standardized, general purpose products, parts or services, and are less cyclical than larger capital expenditures driven by project orders. Each of our two business segments generates certain levels of this type of short-cycle business.

In the sale of aftermarket products and services (collectively referred to as "aftermarket"), we benefit from a large installed base of our original equipment, which requires periodic maintenance, repair and replacement parts. We use our manufacturing platform and global network of QRCs to offer a broad array of aftermarket equipment services, such as installation, advanced diagnostics, repair and retrofitting. In geographic regions where we are positioned to provide quick

We have pursued a strategy of industry diversity and geographic breadth to mitigate the impact on our business of normal economic downturns in any one of the industries or in any particular part of the world we serve. In addition, to augment our focus on growth, we have initiated a diversify, decarbonize and digitize growth strategy ("3D Strategy"). Thethe 3D Strategy focuses on diversifying end markets to create a more balanced portfolio, supporting customers through the energy transition and leveraging technology and data to improve customer operations and provide solutions.

For events that may occur and adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, refer to "Item 1A. Risk Factors" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20222023 ("Annual Report"). For information on our sales and long-lived assets by geographic areas, see Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in "Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" ("Item 8") of this Annual Report.

Our segments share a focus on industrialcritical flow control technology and benefit from our global footprint and our economies of scale in reducing administrative and overhead costs to serve customers more cost effectively. All segments share certain resources and functions, including elements of research and development ("R&D"), supply chain, safety, quality assurance and administrative functions that provide efficiencies and an overall lower cost structure.

Our operations leadership reports to our Chief Executive Officer and the segments share leadership for operational support functions such as R&D, marketing and supply chain. We believe this leadership structure positions the Company to leverage operational excellence, cost reduction initiatives and internal synergies across our entire operating platform to drive further growth and increase in shareholder value.

We report a two operating segment structure, consisting of our Flowserve Pumps Division and our Flow Control Division. In addition to the business segment information presented below, Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report contains additional financial information about our business segments and geographic areas in which we have conducted business in 2023, 2022 2021 and 2020.2021.

Our largest business segment is the Flowserve PumpPumps Division ("FPD"), through which we design, manufacture, pretest, distribute and service specialty and highly-engineered custom and pre-configured pumps and pump systems, mechanical seals, auxiliary systems, replacement parts and upgrades and related aftermarket services. FPD products and services are primarily used by companies that operate in the oil and gas, chemical, power generation, water management and general industries. We market our pump and mechanical seal products through our global sales force and our regional QRCs and service and repair centers or through independent distributors and sales representatives. A portion of our mechanical seal products are sold directly to other original equipment manufacturers for incorporation into their rotating equipment requiring mechanical seals.

We also conduct business through strategic foreign joint ventures. We have five unconsolidated joint ventures that are located in Chile, India, Saudi Arabia, South Korea and the United Arab Emirates, where a portion of our products are

We manufacture more than 40227 different active types of pumps, including American Petroleum Institute ("API") process pumps used in many downstream refining and petrochemical processing systems, and single case multistage axially split heavy duty pumps often used for high pressure hydrocarbon pipeline transmission. In addition, we manufacture double case diffuser style barrel pumps for medium duty applications in refining and petrochemical applications and submersible pump for deep well pumping in irrigation and municipal water supply service. We also manufacture approximately 185193 different models of mechanical seals and sealing systems. Our pump products are sold under globally recognized brands in some cases dating back as far as 225230 years ago, including Worthington, SIHI, Durco and Innomag. As announced in 2022, Flowserve also produces FLEX, a pressure exchange device for mainly the desalination market.

Our investments in new product R&D continue to focus on increasing the capability of our products as customer applications become more advanced, demanding greater levels of production (i.e., flow and power) and under more extreme conditions (i.e., erosive, corrosive and temperature) beyond the level of traditional technology. We continue to invest in our product platform and develop innovations to improve our competitive position in our key markets, including the global chemical industry and in the engineered equipment industry, specifically upstream, offshore and downstream applications for the oil and gas market. Continued engagement with our end users is exemplified through the completion of advancements that significantly improve energy efficiency, reduce total cost-of-ownership and enhance safety.

As the world continues to undergo energy transition in the coming years, significant investment towards renewable sources of energy and energy efficiency solutions will become increasingly more important. We continue to develop new

In addition, we continue to advance our capabilities and technology position in theour rapidly developing segment known as the Industrial Internet of Things ("IIoT").IIoT segment. Over the past several years we have continued to both invest and partner in this space to build remote monitoring solutions, as well as advanced equipment diagnostics in order to provide remote asset management and related services capabilities for our end-user customers. Our IIoT solution, RedRaven, includes delivering intelligent “edge” devices, advanced networking infrastructure and secure communication and security protocols, secure data management, and remote monitoring and reporting for our customers. In addition, we have moved beyond exploring new additive manufacturing capabilities, such as 3D printing and fast casting methods, and are exploring ways to economically scale these techniques as another means of manufacturing our products to both reduce lead time and lower our production costs.

None of these newly developed products or services required the investment of a material amount of our assets or was otherwise material to our business. Flowserve continues to develop cryogenic hydrogen pumping products and technology in connection with a third party technology partnership which began in 2022. Furthermore, Flowserve has continuedcontinues to develop and commercialize new products with greater efficiency and capacity in the pressure exchanger portfolio. We expect to increase our R&D focus in the above areas.

Our customer mix is diversified and includes leading EPC firms, major national oil companies,and international oil companies, equipment end users in our served markets, other original equipment manufacturers, distributors and end users. Our sales mix of original equipment products and aftermarket products and services diversifies our business and helps mitigate the impact of normal economic cycles on our business. Our sales are diversified among several industries, including oil and gas, chemical, power generation, water management and general industries.

The pump and mechanical seal industry is highly fragmented, with thousands of competitors globally. We compete, however, primarily with a limited number of large companies operating on a global scale. There are also a number of smaller, newer entrants in some of our emerging markets. Competition among our closest competitors is generally driven by delivery times, application knowledge, experience, expertise, price, breadth of product offerings, contractual terms, previous installation history and reputation for quality. Some of our largest industry competitors include: Sulzer Pumps; Ebara Corp.; SPX FLOW, Inc.; Eagle Burgmann, which is a joint venture of two traditional global seal manufacturers, A. W. Chesterton Co. and AES Corp.; John Crane Inc., a unit of Smiths Group Plc; Weir Group Plc.; ITT Industries; and KSB SE & Co. KGaA.

The pump and mechanical seal industry continues to undergo considerable consolidation, which is primarily driven by (i) the need to lower costs through reduction of excess capacity and (ii) customers’ preference to align with global full service suppliers to simplify their supplier base. Despite the consolidation activity, the market remains highly competitive.

We believe that our strongest sources of competitive advantage rest with our extensive range of pumps for the oil and gas, petrochemical, chemical and power generation industries, our large installed base of products, our strong customer relationships, our high quality technology, our more than 225230 years of experience in manufacturing and servicing pumping equipment, our reputation for providing quality engineering solutions and our ability to deliver engineered new seal product orders within 72 hours from the customer’s request.

FCD designs, manufactures, distributes and services a broad portfolio of flow control solutions, including engineered and industrial valve and automation systems, isolation and control valves, actuation, controls and related equipment. FCD leverages its experience and application know-how by offering a complete menu of engineering and project management services to complement its expansive product portfolio. FCD products are used to control, direct and manage the flow of liquids, gases and multi-phase fluids, and are a critical part of any flow control system. Our valve and automation products are based on flexible architecture that can be customized or engineered to perform specific functions within each customer’s unique flow control environment or objective.

Our flow control products are primarily used by companies operating in the chemical, power generation, oil and gas, water management and general industries. Our products are currently manufactured in 19 principal manufacturing facilities, five of which are located in the U.S., eight located in Europe, five located in Asia Pacific and one located in Latin America. We deliver our services through our global network of 25 QRCs worldwide, including five sites in Europe and Africa, nine in North America, three in the Middle East, six in Asia Pacific and two in Latin America, including those co-located in manufacturing facilities.

Our valve, automation and controls product and solutions portfolio represent one of the most comprehensive in the flow control industry. Our products are used in a wide variety of applications, from general service to the most severe and demanding services, including those involving high levels of corrosion, extreme temperatures and/or pressures, zero fugitive emissions and emergency shutdown.

Our “smart” valve and diagnostic technologies integrate sensors, microprocessor controls and software into high performance integrated control valves, digital positioners and switch boxes for automated on/off valve assemblies and electric actuators. These technologies permit real-time system analysis, system warnings and remote indication of asset health. These technologies have been developed in response to the growing demand for reduced maintenance, improved process control efficiency and digital communications at the plant level. We are committed to further enhancing the quality of our product portfolio by continuing to upgrade our existing offerings with cutting-edge technologies.

Our valve actuation products encompass a broad range of pneumatic, electric, hydraulic and stored energy actuation designs to take advantage of whatever power source the customer has available, including utilizing the process fluid flowing through the pipeline as a source of power to actuate the valve. Our actuation products also cover one of the widest ranges of output torques in the industry, providing the ability to automate anything from the smallest linear globe valve to the largest multi-turn gate valve. Most importantly, FCD combines best-in-class mechanical designs with the latest in controls and communication technologies in order to provide complete integrated automation solutions that optimize flow control performance and enhance digital end-user experience.

We manufacture approximately 30 different active types of products, including valves, actuators, positioners, and switches. Our products are sold under globally recognized brands in some cases dating back as far as 225230 years, including Valtek, Argus, Worcester, Limitorque and Durco.

Our service personnel provide comprehensive equipment maintenance services for flow control systems, including advanced diagnostics, repair, installation, commissioning, retrofit programs and field machining capabilities. A large portion of our service work is performed on a quick response basis, which includes 24-hour service in all of our major markets. We also provide in-house repair and return manufacturing services worldwide through our manufacturing facilities. We believe our ability to offer comprehensive, quick turnaround services provides us with a unique competitive advantage and unparalleled access to our customers’ installed base of flow control products.

During 2022, we added the service of condition monitoring for our control valves, which is enabled by RedRaven, our proprietary IIoT solution, and digital positioners. Within any control valve system, the RedRaven solution acts as a condition monitoring system and provides critical operating information to the end users and therefore helps to reduce downtime, improve productivity and increase visibility into their flow processes. Additionally, RedRaven is connected to our QRC network for fast and reliable repair or replacement of valves, actuators and other related valve equipment.

Our R&D investment is focused on areas that will enhance the end-user experience and advance our technological leadership by creating compelling value propositions for our customers, and lasting competitive advantage of our products and services in the market. In that respect, our investments have been focusing in four critical areas:

(1) significantly enhancing the digital integration and interoperability of automation products (e.g., positioners, actuators, limit switches and associated accessories) with Distributed Control Systems ("DCS") and Asset Management Systems (“AMS”);

None of these newly developed valve products or services required the investment of a material amount of our assets or was otherwise material. We expect to increase our R&D focus in the above areas.

Our customer mix spans several end markets, including the chemical, power generation, oil and gas, water management, pulp and paper, mining and other general industries. We are especially active in providing solutions for emerging applications that supports sustainability (such as concentrated solar power, hydrogen economy, carbon capture, desalination, etc.) or increases energy productivity (such as Liquefied Natural Gas ("LNG")LNG), Ethylene cracking and Hydro cracking, etc.). Lastly, our expertise in flow control management makes us a reliable partner to assist our customers with energy transition – by either making their processes more efficient and sustainable, or by providing products and solutions for new technologies that enable energy transition.

Our product offerings include original equipment, aftermarket parts, and a portfolio of services and solutions. Contracts and transactions are conducted through a variety of channels depending on customer requirements, including direct end-users, EPC firms, distributors and other original equipment manufacturers.

While in recent years the valve market has undergone a significant amount of consolidation, the market remains highly fragmented. Some of the largest valve industry competitors include Emerson Electric Co., Cameron International Corp. (a Schlumberger company), Baker Hughes, Rotork plc, Neles, SamsonIMI Plc and Crane Co.

Our market research and assessments indicate that the top 10 global valve manufacturers collectively comprise less than 15% of the total valve market. Based on independent industry sources, we believe that FCD is the second largest industrial valve supplier in the world.on a global basis. We believe that our strongest sources of competitive advantage rest with our comprehensive portfolio of valve and automation products and services, our ability to provide complementary pump and rotating equipment products and services, our focus on execution, our expertise in severe corrosion and erosion applications, and strategic partnerships purposely built to advance market adoption of new technologies and digital tools.

Our financial results are traditionally seasonal, as we typically experience lower earnings in the first quarter of the year, with lower sales, coupled with fixed operating expenses, impacting our earnings and cash flows. We typically have higher sales, earnings and cash flows in the second half of the year with the fourth quarter being the strongest.year. Given that certain of our operating expenses are fixed, fluctuations in sales volumes from quarter to quarter may affect operating income for the respective quarters.

We primarily distribute our products through direct sales by employees assigned to specific regions, industries or products. In addition, we use distributors and sales representatives to supplement our direct sales force where it is more economically efficient. We generate a majority of our sales leads through existing relationships with vendors, customers and prospects or through referrals.

The principal raw materials used in manufacturing our products include ferrous and non-ferrous metals in the form of bar stock, machined castings, fasteners, forgings and motors, as well as silicon, carbon faces, gaskets and fluoropolymer components. A substantial volume of our raw materials is purchased from outside sources, and we have been able to develop a robust supply chain. Since the onset ofDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, many of our suppliers have experienced varying lengths of production and shipping delays related to the pandemic, some of which continue to exist in highly affected countries. Additionally, global supply chain and logistics constraints affecting global markets caused additional headwinds throughout 2022. We have also experienced, and continue to experience, increased cost inflation throughout our supply chain. Throughout 2022, our operating costs were impacted by inflation, including with respect to the cost of certain raw materials, packaging and freight, as well as wage and benefit costs.

These conditions have had an adverse effect on the speed at which we cancould manufacture and ship our products to customers, and have also led to an increase in logistics, transportation and freight costs, requiring that we diversify our supply chain and, in some instances, source materials from new suppliers. We continually monitor the business conditions of our suppliers to manage competitive market conditions and to avoid potential supply disruptions wherever possible. We continue to expand global sourcing to capitalize on localization in emerging markets and low-cost sources of purchased goods balanced with efficient consolidated and compliant logistics.

During 2023, our operating costs were impacted by inflation, including with respect to the cost of certain raw materials as well as wage and benefit costs. We saw these impacts moderate during the second half of 2023 and do not currently expect significant additional impact from these issues in 2024. The combined effects of supply chain disruption, inflation and the strong U.S. dollar may adversely affect our ability to source raw materials from our suppliers.

Metal castings used in the manufacture of our pump, valve,pumps, valves, and mechanical seals are purchased from qualified and approved foundry sources. We remain vertically integrated with metal castings in certain strategic product families.

Concerning the products we supply to customers in the nuclear power generation industry, suppliers of raw materials for nuclear power generation markets must be qualified to meet the requirements of nuclear industry standards and governmental regulations. Supply channels for these materials are currently adequate, and we do not anticipate difficulty in obtaining such materials in the future.

Our associates worldwide are criticalimportant to delivering on our purpose to create extraordinary flow control solutions. As a global manufacturer, our values start with our people - we strive to create a collaborative team environment that enables us to develop each other, embrace our differences and respect one another.

As of December 31, 2022,2023, we had approximately 16,000 employees (“associates”) globally and a footprint of manufacturing facilities and QRCs in more than 50 countries. Of our global associates, there are approximately 7,6009,100 in FPD and 3,3004,000 in FCD. The remaining 5,1002,900 associates support core business functions including legal, human resources, information technology, finance, commercial operations and sales, global engineering operations and marketing and technology operations. During 2023, we redesigned the commercial operations and sales functions to align with our new operating model, and these functions now reside within the business segments. Regionally, approximately 4,900 of our associates are in North America, approximately 1,600 of our associates are in Latin America, approximately 6,000 of our associates are in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, and approximately 3,500 of our associates are in Asia Pacific. Our workforce is made up of approximately 13,300 salaried employees and 2,700 hourly employees.

We are committed to achieving business success with integrity at the forefront. All associates and our Board of Directors are governed by our Code of Conduct as we continuously work together to improve our operations by fostering a work environment that supports employee health, safety, training, development, diversity equity and inclusion. To create that environment, members of management work together to identify areas of opportunity and develop and implement

With respect to our Integrity and Compliance program, we provide our associates with training on the Flowserve Code of Conduct annually, through which they gain an understanding of the types of behaviors and decisions that represent our ethics and values. We also provide associates with compliance trainings on relevant topics such as trade, anti-corruption, anti-trust, investigations and data privacy.

Flowserve also seeks to build a diverse and inclusive culture through targeted training and development opportunities for our Diversity, Equity and Inclusion program.associates. Flowserve participates in regular national and global observances by sharing educational content with employees that raises awareness of cultural celebrations and experiences. Through these observances, we believe we can inspire mutual understanding and greater empathy across our global workforce. As a multi-national organization, recognition and education of cultural observances is an important part of creating a greater understanding and appreciation for our associates' experiences and for the experiences of our global customer base.

Another avenue to foster our culture is through our employee recognition program, the Spirit of Flowserve. This program supports our business strategy, our values and our vision to drive an innovative culture, customer-centric mindset,

We publish an annual ESG Report that discusses our ESG-related goals, activities and accomplishments, which can be accessed through the “Investor Relations” section of our Internet web site, and which is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We are subject to environmental laws and regulations in all jurisdictions in which we have operating facilities. These requirements primarily relate to the generation and disposal of waste, air emissions and wastewater discharges. We periodically make capital expenditures to enhance our compliance with environmental requirements, as well as to abate and control pollution. At present, we have no plans for any material capital expenditures for environmental control equipment at any of our facilities. However, we have incurred and continue to incur operating costs relating to ongoing environmental compliance matters.matters, including with respect to proposed regulations on carbon emissions reporting. Based on existing and proposed environmental requirements and our anticipated production schedule, we believe that future environmental compliance expenditures will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

We use hazardous substances and generate hazardous wastes in many of our manufacturing and foundry operations. Most of our current and former properties are or have been used for industrial purposes and some may require clean-up of historical contamination. During the due diligence phase of our acquisitions, we conduct environmental site assessments when warranted to identify potential environmental liabilities and required clean-up measures. We are currently conductingconduct follow-up investigation and/or remediation activities at those locations where we have known environmental concerns. We have cleaned up a majority of the sitesconcerns and work with known historical contaminationgovernment authorities to comply with applicable laws and are addressing the remaining identified issues.regulations.

Over the years, we have been involved as one of many potentially responsible parties ("PRP") at former public waste disposal sites that are or were subject to investigation and remediation. We are currently involved as a PRP at four Superfund sites. The sites are in various stages of evaluation by government authorities. Our total projected "fair share" cost allocation at these four sites is expected to be immaterial. See "Item 3. Legal Proceedings" included in this Annual Report for more information.

We have established reserves that we currently believe to be adequate to cover our currently identified on-site and off-site environmental liabilities.

Our export sales from the U.S. to foreign unaffiliated customers were $300.3 million in 2023, $246.6 million in 2022 and $263.1 million in 2021 and $264.6 million in 2020.2021.

Licenses are required from U.S. and other government agencies to export certain products. In particular, products with nuclear power generation and/or military applications are restricted, as are certain other pump, valve and seal products.

We maintain an Internet web site at www.flowserve.com. Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are made available free of charge through the “Investor Relations” section of our Internet web site as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file the reports with, or furnish the reports to, the

Also available on our Internet web site are our Corporate Governance Guidelines for our Board of Directors and Code of Ethics and Business Conduct, the charters of the Audit, Finance and Risk, Organization and Compensation and Corporate Governance and Nominating Committees of our Board of Directors, our annual ESG Report, and other important governance documents. All of the foregoing documents may be obtained through our Internet web site as noted above and are available in print without charge to shareholders who request them. Information contained on or available through our Internet web site is not incorporated into this Annual Report or any other document we file with, or furnish to, the SEC.

Please carefully consider the following discussion of material factors, events, and uncertainties that make an investment in our securities risky. If any of the factors, events and contingencies discussed below or elsewhere in this Annual Report materialize, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, reputation or prospects could be materially adversely affected. While we believe all known material risks are disclosed, additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently deem immaterial, may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, reputation, prospects or stock price. Because of the risk factors discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report and in other filings we make with the SEC, as well as other variables affecting our operating results, past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report.

Demand for most of our products and services depends on the level of new capital investment and planned maintenance expenditures by our customers. The level of capital expenditures by our customers depends, in turn, on general economic conditions, availability of credit, economic conditions within their respective industries and expectations of future market behavior. Additionally, volatility in commodity prices can negatively affect the level of these activities and can result in postponement of capital spending decisions or the delay or cancellation of existing orders. The ability of our customers to finance capital investment and maintenance is also affected by factors independent of the conditions in their industry, such as the condition of global credit and capital markets.

Additionally, our customers sometimes delay capital investment and maintenance even during favorable conditions in their industries or markets. Despite these favorable conditions, the general health of global credit and capital markets and our customers' ability to access such markets impacts investments in large capital projects, including necessary maintenance and upgrades. In addition, the liquidity and financial position of our customers impacts capital investment decisions and their ability to pay in full and/or on a timely basis. Any of these factors, whether individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on our customers and, in turn, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our backlog represents the value of uncompleted customer orders. While we cannot be certain that reported backlog will be indicative of future results, our ability to accurately value our backlog can be adversely affected by numerous factors, including the health of our customers' businesses and their access to capital, volatility in commodity prices (e.g., copper, nickel, stainless steel) and economic uncertainty. While we attempt to mitigate the financial consequences of order delays and cancellations through contractual provisions and other means, if we were to experience a significant increase in order delays or cancellations that can result from the aforementioned economic conditions or other factors beyond our control, it could impede or delay our ability to realize anticipated revenues on our backlog. Such a loss of anticipated revenues could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

At December 31, 2022,2023, our backlog was $2.7 billion. In 2023,2024, our ability to meet customer delivery schedules for backlog is dependent on a number of factors including, but not limited to, sufficient manufacturing plant capacity, adequate supply channel access to the raw materials and other inventory required for production, an adequately trained and capable workforce, project engineering expertise for certain large projects and appropriate planning and scheduling of manufacturing resources. Our manufacturing plant operations, capacity and supply chain are subject to disruption as a result of equipment failure, severe weather conditions and other natural or manmade disasters, including power outages, fires, explosions, terrorism, cyber-based attacks, conflicts or unrest, epidemics or pandemics, (including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic), labor disputes, acts of God, or other reasons. We may also encounter capacity limitations due to changes in demand despite our forecasting efforts. Many of the contracts we enter into with our customers require long manufacturing lead times and contain penalty clauses related to late delivery. Failure to deliver in accordance with contract terms and customer expectations could subject us to financial penalties, damage existing customer relationships, increase our costs, reduce our sales and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Adverse effects from our execution of any current or future restructuring and realignment activities could interfere with our realization of anticipated synergies, customer service improvements and cost savings from these strategic initiatives. Moreover, because such expenses are difficult to predict and are necessarily inexact, we may incur substantial expenses in connection with the execution of any current or future restructuring and realignment plans in excess of what is currently anticipated. Further, restructuring and realignment activities are a complex and time-consuming process that can place substantial demands on management, which could divert attention from other business priorities or disrupt our daily operations. Any of these failures could, in turn, materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, which could constrain our liquidity.

If these measures are not successful or sustainable, we may undertake additional realignment and cost reduction efforts, which could result in future charges. Moreover, our ability to achieve our other strategic goals and business plans may be adversely affected, and we could experience business disruptions with customers and elsewhere if any restructuring and realignment efforts prove ineffective.

The markets for our products and services are geographically diverse and highly competitive. We compete against large and well-established national and global companies, as well as regional and local companies, low-cost replicators of spare parts and in-house maintenance departments of our end-user customers. We compete based on price, technical expertise, timeliness of delivery, contractual terms, project management, proximity to service centers, previous installation history and reputation for quality and reliability. Competitive environments in slow-growth industries and for original equipment orders have been inherently more influenced by pricing and domestic and global economic conditions and current economic forecasts suggest that the competitive influence of pricing has broadened. Additionally, some of our customers have been attempting to reduce the number of vendors from which they purchase in order to reduce the size and diversity of their supply chain. To remain competitive, we must invest in manufacturing, technology, marketing, customer service and support and our distribution networks. No assurances can be made that we will have sufficient resources to continue to make the investment required to maintain or increase our market share or that our investments will be successful. A relatively strong U.S. dollar has made and may continue to make our products more expensive overseas, which may make our ability to meet our international customers’ pricing expectations particularly challenging and may result in erosion of product margin and market share. In addition, negative publicity or other organized campaigns critical of us, through social media or otherwise, could negatively affect our reputation and competitive position. If we do not compete successfully, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

The success of new and improved products and services depends on their initial and continued acceptance by our customers. Our businesses are affected by varying degrees of technological change and corresponding shifts in customer demand, which result in unpredictable product transitions, shortened life cycles and increased importance of being first to market with new products and services. Difficulties or delays in the research, development, production and/or marketing of new products and services negatively impact our operating results and prevent us from recouping or realizing a return on the investments required to continue to bring these products and services to market.

We purchase substantially all electric power and other raw materials we use in the manufacturing of our products from outside sources. The costs of these raw materials have been volatile historically and are influenced by factors that are outside our control, including more recently due to the COVID-19 pandemic.control. In recent years, the prices for energy, metal alloys, nickel and certain other of our raw materials have been volatile. Our operating margins and results of operations and cash flows may be adversely affected if we are unable to pass increases in the costs of our raw materials on to our customers or if other methods to offset our increased costs through supply chain management, contractual provisions and gains in operational efficiencies are not achieved.

Our operations expose us to risks associated with public health emergencies, such as outbreaks of epidemics, pandemics, and financial performance.

For example,Our operations have generally stabilized since the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. In May 2023, the World Health Organization declared an end to COVID-19 as a public health emergency. However, a resurgence or development of new strains of COVID-19 or other public health emergencies could result in unpredictable responses by authorities around the world which could negatively impact our global operations, customers and suppliers. Any future public health emergencies could result in disruptions to our manufacturing operations, including higher rates of employee absenteeism, and supply chain, and logistics constraints affecting global markets adversely affected the speed at which we can manufacture and ship our products to customers, and have also led to an increase in logistics, transportation and freight costs, requiring that we diversify our supply chain and, in some instances, source materials from new suppliers. These effects in some cases impactedcould negatively impact our ability to deliver productsmeet customer demand. The extent to customers on time, which has in turn led to an increase in backlog at somenew strains or variants of COVID-19, or other public health emergencies, could impact our manufacturing sites. These disruptions in our supply chainbusiness, results of operations, financial condition or liquidity is highly uncertain and their effects have continued into 2023 and we expect they will continue as ongoing global supply chain and logistics headwinds continue to affect global markets.

As a global company with a large international footprint, we are subject to increased risk of damage or disruption to us, our employees, facilities, partners, suppliers, distributors, resellers or customers due to, among other things, terrorist acts, conflicts (including as a result of geopolitical uncertainty and/or conflicts in the countries and/or regions where we operate, including the United Kingdom, the European Union, Ukraine, the Middle East and the Trans-Pacific region), severe weather conditions, the potential physical effects of climate change, and other natural or manmade disasters, including power outages, fires, floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, storms, rising sea levels, explosions, cyber-based attacks, epidemics or pandemics, (including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic), labor disputes, and acts of God wherever located around the world. The potential for future such events, the national and international responses to such events or perceived threats to national security, and other actual or potential conflicts or wars, such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict, the Israeli-Hamas conflictIsrael-Hamas war and ongoing instability in Syria and Egypt, have created many economic and political uncertainties. In addition, as a global company with headquarters and significant operations located in the U.S., actions against or by the U.S. may impact our business or employees. Changes in general economic conditions or any of the foregoing events, or our inability to accurately forecast these changes or events or mitigate the impact of these conditions on our business, could materially adversely affect us. See also the discussion below under the heading "Economic, political and other risks associated with international operations could adversely affect our business."

The effects of climate change create financial and operational risks to our business, both directly and indirectly. There is a general consensus that greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions are linked to global climate change, and that these emissions must be reduced dramatically to avert the worst effects of climate change. Increased public awareness and

If we are unable to meet these commitments, then, in addition to regulatory and legal risks related to compliance, we could incur adverse publicity and reaction from investors, customers or other stakeholders, which could adversely impact our reputation, which could in turn adversely impact our results of operations. While we have been and remain committed to being responsive to climate change and to reducing our carbon footprint, there can be no assurance that our commitments and current and future strategic plans to achieve those commitments will be successful, that the costs related to the foregoing energy transition may not be higher than expected, that the technological advancements and innovations we are relying upon will come to fruition in the timeframe we expect, or at all, or that proposed regulation or deregulation related to climate change will not have a negative competitive impact, any one of which could have a material adverse effect on our capital expenditures, operating margins and results of operations.

Our ability to implement our business strategy and serve our customers is dependent upon the continuing ability to employ talented professionals and attract, train, develop and retain a skilled workforce. We are subject to the risk that we will not be able to effectively replace the knowledge and expertise of an aging workforce as workers retire. Without a properly skilled and experienced workforce, our costs, including productivity costs and costs to replace employees may increase, and this could negatively impact our earnings.

We may also encounter additional costs from claims made and/or legal proceedings brought against us with respect to alleged workplace harassment or discrimination, and we could suffer reputational harm.

Since 1997, we have expanded through a number of acquisitions, and we may pursue strategic acquisitions of businesses in the future. Our ability to implement this growth strategy willmay be limited by our ability to identify appropriate acquisition candidates, secure the requisite regulatory approvals, covenants in our credit agreement and other debt agreements and our financial resources, including available cash and borrowing capacity. Acquisitions may require additional debt financing, resulting in higher leverage and an increase in interest expense or may require equity financing, resulting in ownership dilution to existing shareholders. In addition, acquisitions sometimes require large one-time charges

When we acquire another business, the process of integrating acquired operations into our existing operations creates operating challenges and requires significant financial and managerial resources that would otherwise be available for the ongoing development or expansion of existing operations. Some of the more common challenges associated with acquisitions that we may experience, and have experienced in the past, include:

Further, no guarantees can be made that we would realize the cost savings, synergies or revenue enhancements that we may anticipate from any acquisition, or that we will realize such benefits within the time frame that we expect. If we are not able to timely address the challenges associated with acquisitions and successfully integrate acquired businesses, or if our integrated product and service offerings fail to achieve market acceptance, our business could be adversely affected.

Our information technology networks and related systems and devices and those technology systems under control of third parties with whom we do business are critical to the operation of our business and essential to our ability to successfully perform day-to-day operations. These information technology networks and related systems and devices and those under control of third parties are susceptible to damage, disruptions or shutdowns due to programming errors, defects or other vulnerabilities, power outages, hardware failures, computer viruses, cyber-attacks, malware attacks, ransomware attacks, theft, misconduct by employees or other insiders, misuse, human errors or other events.cybersecurity incidents. If any of the aforementioned breachescybersecurity incidents or disruptions occur and our business continuity plans do not effectively resolve the issues in a timely manner, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity could be materially adversely affected.

In addition, any of the aforementioned breachescybersecurity incidents or disruptions could expose us to a risk of loss, disclosure, misuse, corruption, or interruption of sensitive and critical data, information and functions, including our proprietary and confidential information and information related to our customers, suppliers and employees. It is also possible a security breachcybersecurity incident could result in theft of material trade secrets or other material intellectual property. While we devote substantial resources to maintaining adequate levels of cybersecurity, there can be no assurance that we will be able to prevent all of the rapidly evolving forms of increasingly sophisticated and frequent cyberattacks, or avoid or limit a material adverse impact on our systems after such incidents or attacks occur. The potential consequences of a material cybersecurity incident include reputational damage, loss of customers, litigation with third parties, regulatory actions and fines, theft of intellectual property, systems disruption, disruption of manufacturing plant operations and increased cybersecurity protection and remediation costs. Any of the foregoing can be exacerbated by a delay or failure to detect a cybersecurity incident or the full extent of such incident. In addition, our liability insurance, which includes cyber insurance, might not be sufficient in type or amount to cover us against claims related to cybersecurity incidents, attacks and other related incidents. If we are unable to prevent, anticipate, detect or adequately respond to security breaches,cybersecurity incidents, our operations could be disrupted and our business could be materially and adversely affected.

Developments in the applicable legal standards for the handling of personal data from time to time require changes to our business practices, penalties, increased cost of operations, or otherwise harm our business. To conduct our operations, we regularly move data across national borders and must comply with increasingly complex and rigorous regulatory standards enacted to protect business and personal data in the U.S. and elsewhere. For example, the E.U. recentlyhas adopted the General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”). The GDPR imposes additional obligations on companies regarding the

For example, political unrest or work stoppages negatively impact the demand for our products from customers in affected countries and other customers, such as U.S. oil refineries, that are affected by the resulting disruption in the supply of crude oil. Similarly, military conflicts in Russia/Ukraine, the Middle East, Asia and North Africa could soften the level of capital investment and demand for our products and services. We have experienced logistics disruptions as a result of the Israel-Hamas war that have increased expenses and delayed import of our products in the region. The conflict is ongoing and the length, impact, and outcome is highly unpredictable. If the conflict further intensifies or develops, it could have an adverse impact on our business operations in the Middle East or other affected areas. In response to the Russia-Ukraine conflict, several countries, including the United States, have imposed economic sanctions and export controls on certain industry sectors and parties in Russia. As a result of this conflict, including the aforementioned sanctions and overall instability in the region, in February 2022 we stopped accepting new orders in Russia and temporarily suspended fulfillment of existing orders. In March 2022 we made the decision to permanently ceaseceased all Company operations in Russia. We have commencedRussia and are currently taking the necessary actions to cease operations of our Russian subsidiary, including taking steps to cancel existing contracts with customers, terminate our approximately 50 Russia-based employees and terminate other related contractual commitments and currently expect this process to continue throughout 2023.wind down in the country. See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report for further discussion of the termination of our Russian operations.

In order to manage our day-to-day operations, we must overcome cultural and language barriers and assimilate different business practices. In addition, we are required to create compensation programs, employment policies and other administrative programs that comply with laws of multiple countries. We also must communicate and monitor standards and directives across our global network. In addition, emerging markets pose other uncertainties, including challenges to our ability to protect our intellectual property, pressure on the pricing of our products and increased risk of political instability, and may prefer local suppliers because of existing relationships, local restrictions or incentives. Our failure to successfully manage our geographically diverse operations could impair our ability to react quickly to changing business and market conditions and to enforce compliance with standards and procedures.

Our future success will depend, in large part, on our ability to anticipate and effectively manage these and other risks associated with our international operations. Any of these factors could, however, materially adversely affect our international operations and, consequently, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The U.S. has implemented certain tariffs on steel and aluminum imported into the country. In response, certain foreign governments have implemented or reportedly considered implementing additional tariffs on U.S. goods. In addition, there have been recent changes to trade agreements, like the U.S. withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership and the replacement of the North American Free Trade Agreement with the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement.

A significant portion of our revenue and certain of our costs, assets and liabilities, are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The primary currencies to which we have exposure are the Euro, British pound, Mexican peso, Brazilian real, Indian rupee, Japanese yen, Singapore dollar, Argentine peso, Canadian dollar, Australian dollar, Chinese yuan, Colombian peso, Chilean peso and South African rand. Certain of the foreign currencies to which we have exposure, such as the Venezuelan bolivar and Argentine peso, have undergone significant devaluation in the past, which reduce the value of our local monetary assets, reduce the U.S. dollar value of our local cash flow, generate local currency losses that may impact our ability to pay future dividends from our subsidiary to the parent company and potentially reduce the U.S. dollar value of future local net income. Although we enter into forward exchange contracts to economically hedge some of our risks associated with transactions denominated in certain foreign currencies, no assurances can be made that exchange rate fluctuations will not adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA") and similar anti-bribery laws and regulations in other jurisdictions, such as the UK Bribery Act, generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing an improper advantage. Because we operate in many parts of the world and sell to industries that have experienced corruption to some degree, our policies mandate compliance with applicable anti-bribery laws worldwide. Violation of the FCPA or other similar anti-bribery laws or regulations, whether due to our or others' actions or inadvertence, could subject us to civil and criminal penalties or other sanctions that could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, actual or alleged violations could damage our reputation or ability to do business.

Due to the international scope of our operations, the system of laws, regulations and policies to which we are subject is complex and includes, without limitation, regulations issued by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, the U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security, the U.S. Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control and various foreign governmental agencies, including applicable export controls, customs, currency exchange control and transfer pricing regulations, as applicable. No assurances can be made that we will continue to be found to be operating in compliance with, or be able to detect violations of, any such laws, regulations or policies. In addition, we cannot predict the nature, scope or effect of future regulatory requirements to which our international operations might be subject or the manner in which existing laws might be administered or interpreted. Compliance with laws and any new laws or regulations may increase our operations costs or require significant capital expenditures. Any failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations or policies in the U.S. or in any other country in which we operate could result in substantial fines and penalties, which could adversely affect our business.

In particular, there is uncertainty related to the Biden administration’s plans for new or existing treaty and trade relationships with other countries including with respect to the January 2017 U.S. withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership, which may affect restrictions or tariffs imposed on products we buy or sell. These factors, together with other key global events during 20222023 (such as the ongoing global economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as ongoing conflicts and terrorist activity), may adversely impact the ability or willingness of non-U.S. companies to transact business in the U.S. This uncertainty may also affect regulations and trade agreements affecting U.S. companies, global stock markets (including the NYSE, on which our common shares are traded), currency exchange rates, and general global economic conditions. All of these factors are outside of our control, but may nonetheless cause us to adjust our strategy in

Our operations and properties are subject to regulation under environmental laws, which can impose substantial sanctions for violations. We must conform our operations to applicable regulatory requirements and adapt to changes in such requirements in all countries in which we operate.

We have incurred, and expect to continue to incur, operating and capital costs to comply with environmental requirements. In addition, new laws and regulations, stricter enforcement of existing requirements, the discovery of previously unknown contamination or the imposition of new clean-up requirements could require us to incur costs or become the basis for new or increased liabilities. Moreover, environmental and sustainability initiatives, practices, rules and regulations are under increasing scrutiny of both governmental and non-governmental bodies, which can cause rapid change in operational practices, standards and expectations and, in turn, increase our compliance costs. Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases and their role in climate change are receiving ever increasing attention worldwide, which has led to significant legislative and regulatory efforts to limit GHG emissions. Existing or future legislation and regulations related to GHG emissions and climate change by the U.S. Congress, state and foreign legislatures and federal, state, local and foreign governmental agencies could adversely affect our business. Additionally, it is uncertain whether, when and in what form mandatory carbon dioxide emissions reduction programs may

When our customers, particularly those involved in the oil and gas, power generation, petrochemical processing or petroleum refining industries, are subject to any of these or other similar proposed or newly enacted laws and regulations, we are exposed to risks that the additional costs by customers to comply with such laws and regulations could impact their ability or desire to continue to operate at similar levels in certain jurisdictions as historically seen or as currently anticipated, which could negatively impact their demand for our products and services. In addition, new laws and regulations that might favor the increased use of non-fossil fuels, including nuclear, wind, solar and bio-fuels or that are designed to increase energy efficiency, could dampen demand for oil and gas production or power generation resulting in lower spending by customers for our products and services. These actions could also increase costs associated with our operations, including costs for raw materials and transportation. There is also increased focus, including by governmental and non-governmental organizations, environmental advocacy groups, investors and other stakeholders on these and other sustainability matters, and adverse publicity in the global marketplace about the levels of GHG emissions by companies in the manufacturing and energy industry could reduce customer demand for our products and services or harm our reputation. Because it is uncertain what laws will be enacted, we cannot predict the potential impact of such laws on our future financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, but such new or additional laws could adversely affect our business.

We are a defendant in a substantial number of lawsuits that seek to recover damages for personal injury allegedly resulting from exposure to asbestos-containing products formerly manufactured and/or distributed by us. Such products

We cannot guarantee that the steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property will be adequate to prevent infringement of our rights or misappropriation of our technology. For example, effective patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret protection are unavailable or limited in some of the foreign countries in which we operate. In addition, confidentiality agreements which we enter into with employees and third parties could be breached or otherwise may not provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets and know-how related to the design, manufacture or operation of our products. Resorting to litigation to protect our intellectual property rights is burdensome and costly, and we may not always prevail. Further, adequate remedies are not always available in the event of an unauthorized use or disclosure of our trade secrets and manufacturing expertise. Failure to successfully enforce our intellectual property rights could harm our competitive position, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

From time to time, we are exposed to product liability and warranty claims when the use of one of our products results in, or is alleged to result in, bodily injury and/or property damage or our products actually or allegedly fail to perform as expected. Some of our products are designed to support the most critical, severe service applications in the markets that we serve and any failure of such products could result in significant product liability and warranty claims, as well as damage to our reputation in the marketplace. While we maintain insurance coverage with respect to certain product liability claims, we may not be able to obtain such insurance on acceptable terms in the future, and any such insurance may not provide adequate coverage against product liability claims. In addition, product liability claims can be expensive to defend and can divert the attention of management and other personnel for significant periods of time, regardless of the ultimate outcome. An unsuccessful defense of a product liability claim could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Even if we are successful in defending against a claim relating to our products, claims of this nature could cause our customers to lose confidence in our products and our company.

We maintain funded defined benefit pension plans that are either currently funded in accordance with local requirements in the U.S., Belgium, Canada, The Netherlands, Switzerland and the U.K., or above funded requirements in India and Mexico, and defined benefit plans that are not required to be funded and are not funded in Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and Sweden. Our pension liability is materially affected by the discount rate used to measure our pension obligations and, in the case of the plans that are required to be funded, the level of plan assets available to fund those obligations and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. A change in the discount rate can result in a significant increase or decrease in the valuation of pension obligations, affecting the reported status of our pension plans and our pension expense. Significant changes in investment performance or a change in the portfolio mix of invested assets can result in increases and decreases in the valuation of plan assets or in a change of the expected rate of return on plan assets. This impact may be particularly prevalent where we maintain significant concentrations of specified investments, such as the U.K. equity and fixed income securities in our non-U.S. defined benefit plans. Changes in the expected return on plan assets assumption can result in significant changes in our pension expense and future funding requirements.

We continually review our funding policy related to our U.S. pension plan in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. U.S. regulations have increased the minimum level of funding for U.S. pension plans in prior years, which has

Under certain events of default, mandatory repayments on our outstanding indebtedness, which requires us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to payments on our indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flows to fund working capital, capital expenditures, R&D efforts and other general corporate purposes, such as dividend payments and share repurchases, and could generally limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and industry. In addition, we may need new or additional financing in the future to expand our business or refinance our existing indebtedness. Our current senior credit facility matures on September 13, 2026 and our senior notes are due in 2030 and 2032. Additionally, we have drawn amounts under a term loan fund. For additional information regarding our current indebtedness refer to Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. Our inability to timely access capital on satisfactory terms, including as a result of market disruptions, could limit our ability to expand our business as desired and refinance our indebtedness.

In addition, the agreements governing our indebtedness impose certain operating and financial restrictions on us and somewhat limit management's discretion in operating our businesses. These agreements limit or restrict our ability, among other things, to: incur additional debt; fully utilize the capacity under the senior credit facility; pay dividends and make

We are also required to maintain debt ratings, comply with leverage and interest coverage financial covenants and deliver to our lenders audited annual and unaudited quarterly financial statements. Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control. Failure to comply with these covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. Goodwill is required to be tested for impairment annually and between annual tests if events or circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. Reductions in or impairment of the value of our goodwill or other intangible assets will result in charges against our earnings, which could have a material adverse effect on our reported results of operations and financial position in future periods.

Our internal control over financial reporting has not always prevented or detected misstatements because of its inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error, the circumvention or overriding of controls or fraud. We have in the past discovered, and may in the future discover, areas of our internal controls that need improvement, including material weaknesses in internal controls. We have devoted significant resources to remediate and improve our internal controls and to monitor the effectiveness of these remediated measures. There can be no assurance that these measures will ensure that we maintain at all times effective internal controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future. Even effective internal controls can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements. Any future failures to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, including any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties in their implementation, could harm our business and financial results and we could fail to meet our financial reporting obligations.

Our future success will depend in part on the continued service of key executive officers and personnel. The loss of the services of any key individual could harm our business. Our future success also depends on our ability to recruit, retain and engage our personnel sufficiently, both to maintain our current business and to execute our strategic initiatives. Competition for officers and employees in our industry is intense and we may not be successful in attracting and retaining such personnel.

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. A change in these principles can have a significant effect on our reported financial position and financial results. The

This Annual Report and other written reports and oral statements we make from time-to-time include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this Annual Report regarding our financial position, business strategy and expectations, plans and objectives of management for future operations, industry conditions, market conditions and indebtedness covenant compliance are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements may include, among others, statements about our goals and strategies, new product introductions, plans to cultivate new businesses, future economic conditions, revenue, pricing, gross profit margin and costs, capital spending, expected cost savings from our realignment programs, depreciation and amortization, research and development expenses, potential impairment of assets, tax rate and pending tax and legal proceedings. In some cases forward-looking statements can be identified by terms such as "may," "should," "expects,"

We have identified factors that could cause actual plans or results to differ materially from those included in any forward-looking statements. These factors include those described above under this "Risk Factors" heading, or as may be identified in our other SEC filings from time to time. These uncertainties are beyond our ability to control, and in many cases, it is not possible to foresee or identify all the factors that may affect our future performance or any forward-looking information, and new risk factors can emerge from time to time. Given these risks and uncertainties, undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.

All forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report are based on information available to us on the date of this Annual Report and the risk that actual results will differ materially from expectations expressed in this report will increase with the passage of time. We undertake no obligation, and disclaim any duty, to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement or disclose any facts, events or circumstances that occur after the date hereof that may affect the accuracy of any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, changes in our expectations or otherwise. This discussion is provided as permitted by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and all of our forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referenced in this section.

Our principal executive offices, including our global headquarters, are located at 5215 N. O'Connor Boulevard, Suite 700, Irving, Texas 75039. Our global headquarters is a leased facility, which we began to occupy on January 1, 2004. In December 2018, we extended our original lease term an additional 10 years to December 2030. We have the option to renew the current lease for two additional five-year periods. We currently occupy approximately 130,000 square feet at this facility.

Our major manufacturing facilities (those with 50,000 or more square feet of manufacturing capacity) operating at December 31, 20222023 are presented in the table below. See "Item 1. Business" in this Annual Report for further information with respect to all of our manufacturing and operational facilities, including QRCs.

We own the majority of our manufacturing facilities, and those manufacturing facilities we do not own are leased. We also maintain a substantial network of U.S. and foreign service centers and sales offices, most of which are leased. The majority of our manufacturing leased facilities are covered by lease agreements with terms ranging from two to seven years, with individual lease terms generally varying based on the facilities’ primary usage. We believe we will be able to extend leases on our various facilities as necessary, as they expire.

We believe that our current facilities are adequate to meet the requirements of our present and foreseeable future operations. We continue to review our capacity requirements as part of our strategy to optimize our global manufacturing

Not applicable.

Market Information

During the quarter ended December 31, 2022,2023, we had no repurchases of our common stock shares as part of publicly announced plans. As of December 31, 2022,2023, we had $96.1 million of remaining capacity under our current share

Stock Performance Graph

The following graph depicts the most recent five-year performance of our common stock with the S&P 500 Index and S&P 500 Industrials. The graph assumes an investment of $100 on December 31, 2017,2018, and assumes the reinvestment of any dividends over the following five years. The stock price performance shown in the graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

The following discussion and analysis is provided to increase the understanding of, and should be read in conjunction with, the accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and the section titled “Forward-Looking Information is Subject to Risk and Uncertainty” included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20222023 ("Annual Report") for a discussion of the risks, uncertainties and assumptions associated with these statements. Unless otherwise noted, all amounts discussed herein are consolidated.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

We are a world-leading manufacturer and aftermarket service provider of comprehensive flow control systems. We develop and manufacture precision-engineered flow control equipment integral to the movement, control and protection of the flow of materials in our customers’ critical processes. Our product portfolio of pumps, valves, seals, automation and aftermarket services supports global infrastructure industries, including oil and gas, chemical, power generation and water management, as well as general industrial markets where our products and services add value.enable customers to achieve their goals. Through our manufacturing platform and global network of QRCs, we offer a broad array of aftermarket equipment services, such as installation, advanced diagnostics repair and retrofitting.turnkey maintenance programs. As of December 31, 2022,2023, we have approximately 16,000 employees (“associates”) globally and a footprint of manufacturing facilities and QRCs in more than 50 countries.

Our operations are conducted through two business segments that are referenced throughout this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A"):

Our business segments share a focus on industrial flow control technology and have a high number of common customers. These segments also have complementary product offerings and technologies that are often combined in applications that provide us a net competitive advantage. Our segments also benefit from our global footprint, our economies of scale in reducing administrative and overhead costs to serve customers more cost effectively and shared leadership for operational support functions, such as research and development, marketing and supply chain.

The reputation of our product portfolio is built on more than 50 well-respected brand names such as Worthington, IDP, Valtek, Limitorque, Durco, Argus, Edward, Valbart and Durametallic, which we believe to be one of the most comprehensive in the industry. Our products and services are sold either directly or through designated channels to more than 10,000 companies, including some of the world’s leading engineering, procurement and construction ("EPC") firms, original equipment manufacturers, distributors and end users.

We continue to leverage our QRC network to be positioned as near to customers as possible for service and support in order to capture valuable aftermarket business. Along with ensuring that we have the local capability to sell, install and

Our products and services are used in several distinct industries: oil and gas, chemical, power generation, water management, and several other industries, such as mining, food and beverage, steel, and pulp and paper, that are collectively referred to as "general industries."

The oil and gas industry which represented approximately 40%38% and 35%40% of our bookings in 2023 and 2022, respectively. Customer repair and 2021, respectively, experienced a material decrease in capitalmaintenance spending in 2020 primarily due to decreasedimproved during 2023 supported by strong asset utilization, while larger project activity and short cycle investment resulting from the pandemic's negative impact on demand for refined products. Customers' repair and maintenance budgets improvedinvestments continued in 2021 where bookings levels returnedorder to roughly pre-pandemic levels, partially offsetting the decreased project activity and short cycle investment. Customer spending in 2022 for repair and maintenance continued at roughly pre-pandemic levels and also included improved larger project investment, where Flowserve booked one of its largest oil and gas orders in its history of over $230 million.support global demand.

The outlook for the oil and gas industry is heavily dependent on the duration of the pandemic and its impact onoverall macroeconomic environment, including fuel demand, demand growth from both mature markets and developing geographies as well as changes in the regulatory environment. While we believe that the pandemic will continue to negatively impactWe currently expect continued growth in our customers' capital investment budgets, we expectbusiness, including increased investment related to energy security and decarbonization efforts in 2023.2024. We further believe improved and stable oil prices provide support for increased demand for our aftermarket products and services. We believe the medium and long-term fundamentals for this industry remain attractive and see a stabilized environment with expected increased fuel demand on improved pandemic management, and as the industry works through current excess supply.expected global economic growth. In addition, we believe projected depletion rates of existing fields and forecasted long-term demand growth will require additional investments. With our long-standing reputation in providing successful solutions for upstream, mid-stream and downstream applications, along with the advancements in our portfolio of offerings, we believe that we continue to be well-positioned to assist our customers in this improving environment.

General industries represented, in the aggregate, approximately 22%26% and 26%22% of our bookings in 20222023 and 2021,2022, respectively. General industries comprise a variety of different businesses, including mining and ore processing, pulp and paper, food and beverage and other smaller applications, none of which individually represented more than 5% of total bookings in 20222023 and 2021.2022. General industries also include sales to distributors, whose end customers operate in the industries we primarily serve. General industry activity levels increased in 20222023 for the second consecutive year, primarily due to customers' improved repair and maintenance budgets.

The outlook for this group of industries is heavily dependent upon the condition of global economies and consumer confidence levels. The long-term fundamentals of many of these industries remain sound, as many of the products produced by these industries are common staples of industrialized and urbanized economies. We believe that our specialty product offerings designed for these industries and our aftermarket service capabilities will provide continued business opportunities.

The chemical industry represented approximately 22%21% and 24%22% of our bookings in 20222023 and 2021,2022, respectively. The chemical industry is comprised of petrochemical, specialty chemical and pharmaceutical products. Customer spending in 2022 increased2023 remained resilient for the secondthird consecutive year following the pandemic's negative impact on demand for chemical products in 2020. Customers' repair and maintenance budgets improved in 20222023 and 20212022 where bookings levels returned to roughly pre-pandemic levels.

The outlook for the chemical industry remains heavily dependent on global economic conditions. As global economies and unemployment conditions improve, a rise in consumer spending should follow. An increase in spending would drive greater demand for petrochemical, specialty chemical and pharmaceutical products supporting improved levels of capital investment. We believe the chemical industry will continue to invest in North America and Middle East capacity additions, maintenance and upgrades for optimization of existing assets and that developing regions will selectively invest in capital infrastructure to meet current and future indigenous demand. We believe our global presence and our localized aftermarket capabilities are well-positioned to serve the potential growth opportunities in this industry.

The power generation industry represented approximately 12%11% and 12% of our bookings in 20222023 and 2021,2022, respectively. In 2022,2023, energy security concerns drove increasedcontinued investment in the power generation industry, including nuclear new build and life extensions as well as traditional thermal power sources.

Natural gas-fired combined cycle (“NGCC”) plants have increased their share of the energy mix, driven by market prices for gas remaining low and stable (partially due to the increasing global availability of liquefied natural gas (“LNG”))LNG), low capital expenditures, and the ability of NGCC to stabilize unpredictable renewable sources. With the potential of unconventional sources of gas, the global power generation industry is forecasting an increased use of this form of fuel for power generation plants.

Despite fewer new nuclear plants being constructed in recent years,As countries around the world look for opportunities to gain additional energy independence, nuclear power remains an important contributor to the global energy mix.mix and is a key factor in our Diversification strategy. We continue to support our significant installed base in the global nuclear fleet by providing aftermarket and life extension products and services. Due to our extensive history, we believe we are well positioned to take advantage of this ongoing source of aftermarket and new project opportunities.

Global efforts to limit the emissions of carbon dioxide may have some adverse effect on thermal power investment plans depending on the potential requirements imposed and the timing of compliance by country. However, many proposed methods of capturing and limiting carbon dioxide emissions offer business opportunities for our products and services. At the same time, we continue to take advantage of new investments in concentrated solar power generating capacity, where our pumps, valves, and seals are uniquely positioned for both molten salt applications as well as the traditional steam cycle.

We believe the long-term fundamentals for the power generation industry remain solid based on projected increases in demand for electricity driven by global population growth, growth of urbanization in developing markets and the increased use of electricity driven transportation. We also believe that our long-standing reputation in the power generation industry, our portfolio of offerings for the various generating methods, our advancements in serving the renewable energy market and carbon capture methodologies, as well as our global service and support structure, position us well for the future opportunities in this important industry.

The water management industry represented approximately 4% and 3% of our bookings in 2022each of 2023 and 2021, respectively.2022. Water management industry activity levels increasedremained steady in 2022 for the second consecutive year,2023 following the decrease in 2020 primarily due to the pandemic's negative impact on government budgets across the globe. Worldwide demand for fresh water, water treatment and re-use, desalination and flood control are expected to create requirements for new facilities or for upgrades of existing systems, many of which require products that we offer, particularly pumps. With improved management of the pandemic, weWe expect capital and aftermarket spending to rise in developed and emerging markets with governments and private industry providing funding for critical projects when their priorities shift away from pandemic-management.

The proportion of people living in regions that find it difficult to meet water requirements is expected to double by 2025.increase significantly in the coming years. We believe that the persistent demand for fresh water during all economic cycles supports continued investments, especially in North America and developing regions.

As the world continues to recoverour operations have generally stabilized from the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen an inflection ingrowth from our supportive served end-markets as commodity prices and mobility levels increase.our focus on our 3D Strategy. Our sales volume is expected to deliver sustainable and healthy growth, while our 2023 Realignment Program and the new operating model have unlocked gains in organizational efficiency. With our increasedstrong backlog and improved market environment, we expect to return tocontinue growth in 2023, however the combined effects of the supply chain, logistics and labor availability headwinds are expected to continue in 2023, though to a lesser extent than 2022. Further, we have not seen and do not expect to see an increase in cancellations from our backlog. We therefore expect to continue to deliver on our backlog during 2023, though with a slightly longer cycle time than originally expected.2024.

OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following is the discussion and analysis of changes in the financial condition and results of operations for fiscal year December 31, 20222023 compared to fiscal year 2021.2022. The discussion and analysis of changes in the financial condition and results of operations for fiscal year 20212022 compared to fiscal year 20202021 that are not included in this Form 10-K may be found in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021,2022, filed with the SEC on February 23, 2022.March 7, 2023.

Throughout this discussion of our results of operations, we discuss the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. We have calculated currency effects on operations by translating current year results on a monthly basis at prior year exchange rates for the same periods.

The following tables present our investmentrealignment activity by segment related to our Realignment Program:Programs. Realignment activity for the year ended December 31, 2022 is immaterial:

Gross profit in 2022 decreased2023 increased by $55.4$282.5 million, or 5.3%28.4%, as compared with 2021.2022. Gross profit margin in 20222023 of 29.6% increased from 27.5% decreased from 29.6% in 2021.2022. The decreaseincrease was primarily due to lower conversionthe favorable impact of customer backlog to revenue, the under absorption of $5.1 million of fixed manufacturing costs primarily due to operational interruptions related to the implementation of a new enterprise resource planning system at certain of our North America quick response centers, increased freight costs largely due to globalpreviously implemented sales price increases, lower supply chain and logistics constraintsinflationary pressure and a $8.9 million charge taken in 2022 related to our financial exposure in Russia that did not recur, partially offset by a mix shift to higher aftermarket sales, a $4.5 million reversal of previously reserved inventory due to settlement with a customer, decreased costs related to our realignment actions and lower broad-based annual incentive compensation and increased charges of $20.7 million related to our Realignment Programs as compared to the same period in 2021.2022.

Interest expense in 2022 decreased2023 increased by $11.4$20.7 million as compared with 2021.2022. The decreaseincrease was primarily attributable to a lowerhigher effective interest rate on our outstanding debt, as compared withresulting in part from the same periodtermination of cross-currency swap agreements in 2021.2022, and an increase in borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility during 2023. Interest income in 20222023 increased by $1.2$3.0 million as compared to 2021.2022. The increase in interest income was partially dueprimarily attributed to higher interest rates on our average cash balances compared with same period in 2021.2022.

The 2022 effective tax rate differed from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the release of the valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets in Germany and Mexico partially offset by a valuation allowance establishment in Argentina, and the release of the valuation allowance on our U.S. foreign tax credit carryforwards on general category income.

Our effective tax rate is based upon current earnings and estimates of future taxable earnings for each domestic and international location. The assumptions about future taxable income require the use of significant judgment and are consistent with the plans and estimates used in the underlying business. Changes in any of these and other factors, including our ability to utilize foreign tax credits and net operating losses or results from tax audits, could impact the tax rate in future periods. As of December 31, 2022,2023, we had U.S. foreign tax credit carryforwards of $93.5$63.5 million, expiring in 2026-20322028-2033 tax years, against which we recorded a valuation allowance of $45.2$49.1 million related to the U.S. foreign tax credit carryforwards on foreign branch category income. Additionally, we have recorded other net deferred tax assets of $55.8$202.6 million, which relate to net operating losses, tax credits and other deductible temporary differences that are available to reduce taxable income in future periods, most of which do not have a definite expiration. Should we not be able to utilize all or a portion of these credits and losses, our effective tax rate would increase.

Other comprehensive income (loss) in 20222023 decreased by $127.6$78.3 million from an incomea loss of $44.7$82.9 million in 2021.2022. The net loss in 20222023 was primarily due to foreign currency translation adjustments resulting primarily from exchange rate movements of the Euro, British pound, Indian rupee, Chinese yuanColombian peso and Mexican peso versus the U.S. dollar at December 31, 20222023 as compared with 2021.2022, partially offset by pension and other postretirement activity.

We conduct our operations through two business segments based on type of product and how we manage the business. We evaluate segment performance and allocate resources based on each segment’s operating income. See Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report for further discussion of our segments. The key operating results for our two business segments, FPD and FCD, are discussed below.

Gross profit in 2022 decreased2023 increased by $32.3$178.7 million, or 4.2%24.5%, as compared with 2021.2022. Gross profit margin in 20222023 of 29.6% increased from 28.9% decreased from 30.8% in 2021.2022. The decreaseincrease in gross profit margin was primarily attributabledue to the favorable impact of previously implemented sales price increases, lower conversion of customer backlogsupply chain inflationary pressure, a $7.4 million charge taken in 2022 related to revenue,our financial exposure in Russia that did not recur and the under absorption of $5.1 million of fixed manufacturing costs primarily due to operational interruptions related to the implementation of a new enterprise resource planning system at certain of our North America quick response centers increased freight costs largely due to global supply chain and logistics constraints and a $7.4 million charge taken in 2022 that did not recur, partially offset by higher broad-based annual incentive compensation, increased charges of $10.6 million related to our financial exposure in Russia, partially offset byRealignment Programs, a mix shift toaway from higher margin aftermarket lower broad-based annual incentive compensation,sales and a $4.5 million reversal of previously reserved inventory due to settlement with a customer and decreased costs related to our realignment actionsin 2022 that did not recur as compared to the same period in 2021.

FCD designs, manufactures distributes and servicesdistributes a broad portfolio of engineeredengineered-to-order and industrial valve and automation solutions, includingconfigured-to-order isolation andvalves, control valves, actuation, controlsvalve automation products and related equipment. FCD leverages its experience and application know-how by offering a complete menu of engineering and project managementengineered services to complement its expansive product portfolio. FCD has a total of 44 manufacturing facilities and QRCs in 22 countries around the world, with five of its 19 manufacturing operations located in the U.S., eight located in Europe, five located in Asia Pacific and one located in Latin America. WeBased on independent industry sources, we believe that FCD is the second largest industrial valve supplier in the world.on a global basis.

A discussion of our debt and related covenants is included in Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. We were in compliance with the covenants as of December 31, 2022.2023.

Our cash balance decreasedincreased by $223.5$110.7 million to $435.0$545.7 million as of December 31, 20222023 as compared with December 31, 2021.2022. The cash decreaseincrease included $104.5 million in dividend payments, $76.3 million in capital expenditures, $32.5 million in Term Loan payments and $40.0$325.8 million in operating cash outflows,inflows, partially offset by $66.0$40.0 million in proceeds from the termination of cross-currency swaps.payments on long-term debt and $105.0 million in dividend payments.

As of December 31, 2022,2023, we had approximately $729$1,219 million of liquidity, consisting of cash and cash equivalents of $435$546 million and $294$673 million of borrowings available under our Senior Credit Facility. In light of the liquidity currently available to us, and the costs savings measures planned and already in place, we expect to be able to maintain adequate liquidity over the next 12 months as we manage through the current market environment.months. We do not currently anticipate, nor are we aware of, any significant market conditions or commitments that would change any of our conclusions of the liquidity currently available to us. Additionally, we expect that the costs savings measures planned and already in place will enable us to maintain adequate liquidity over the next 12 months as we manage through the current market environment. We will continue to actively monitor the potential impacts of COVID-19 and related events on the credit markets in order to maintain sufficient liquidity and access to capital throughout 2023.2024.