UNITED STATES
                SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                     WASHINGTON, D.C.  20549      

                            FORM 10-K
      [X]      ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
                THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934      

           For the fiscal year ended December 31, 19961997

      [ ]    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
                THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934        

                  Commission file number 1-3523

                      WESTERN RESOURCES, INC.               
      (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

           KANSAS                                                48-0290150    
(State or other jurisdiction of                                (I.R.S.  Employer
 incorporation or organization)                              Identification No.)

    818 KANSAS AVENUE, TOPEKA, KANSAS                                 66612    
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)                             (Zip Code)

       Registrant's telephone number, including area code 913/785/575-6300

          Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock, $5.00 par value                 New York Stock Exchange          
   (Title of each class)            (Name of each exchange on which registered)
 
          Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
                Preferred Stock, 4 1/2% Series, $100 par value
                               (Title of Class)

Indicated by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports 
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the 
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes   x     No       

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 
of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the 
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements 
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. ( )(x)

State the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by nonaffiliates of 
the registrant.  Approximately $1,897,474,000$2,816,701,029 of Common Stock and $11,398,000$13,882,108 of
Preferred Stock (excluding the 4 1/4% Series of Preferred Stock for which there 
is no readily ascertainable market value) at  March 18, 1996.16, 1997.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of
common stock.

Common Stock, $5.00 par value                             64,872,14665,409,603          
         (Class)                               (Outstanding at March 19, 1997)17, 1998)

                         Documents Incorporated by Reference:
     Part                              Document

     III      Items 10-13 of the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement for
              the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held May 29, 1997.12, 1998.




                     WESTERN RESOURCES, INC.
                            FORM 10-K
                        December 31, 19961997

                        TABLE OF CONTENTS

      Description                                                        Page

PART I
      Item 1.  Business                                                    3

      Item 2.  Properties                                                 2120

      Item 3.  Legal Proceedings                                          2321

      Item 4.  Submission of Matters to a Vote of          
                 Security Holders                                         2422

PART II
      Item 5.  Market for Registrant's Common Equity and
                 Related Stockholder Matters                              2422

      Item 6.  Selected Financial Data                                    2623

      Item 7.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of
                 Financial Condition and Results of
                 Operations                                               2724

      Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures 
                 About Market Risk                                        37

      Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data                3938

      Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants
                 on Accounting and Financial Disclosure                   7568

PART III
      Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the
                 Registrant                                               7568

      Item 11. Executive Compensation                                     7568

      Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial
                 Owners and Management                                    7568

      Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions             7568

PART IV
      Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and
                 Reports on Form 8-K                                      7669

      Signatures                                                          8073



                              PART I

ITEM 1.  BUSINESS


GENERAL

   The company is a publicly traded holding company, incorporated in 1924.  The
company's primary business activities are providing electric generation,
transmission and distribution services to approximately 614,000 customers in
Kansas; providing security alarm monitoring services to approximately 950,000
customers located throughout the United States, providing natural gas
transmission and distribution services to approximately 1.4 million customers in
Oklahoma and Kansas through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, includeownership of a 45% equity interest in ONEOK Inc.
(ONEOK) and investing in international power projects.  Rate regulated electric
service is provided by KPL, a 
rate-regulated electric and gas division of the company KGE, a 
rate-regulated electric utility and wholly-owned subsidiary of the company, 
Westar Security, Inc.Kansas Gas and 
Electric Company (KGE), a wholly-owned subsidiary which provides monitored 
electronic securitysubsidiary.  Security services Westar Energy,are 
provided by Protection One, Inc. (Protection One), a wholly-owned subsidiary 
which provides non-regulated energy services, Westar Capital, Inc., a 
wholly-owned subsidiary which holds equity investments in technology, 
electronic monitored security and energy-related companies, The Wing Group 
Ltd (The Wing Group), a wholly-owned developer of international power projects,
and Mid Continent Market Center, Inc. (Market Center), a regulated gas 
transmission service provider.publicly-traded, 
82.4%-owned subsidiary.  KGE owns 47% of Wolf Creek Nuclear Operating 
Corporation (WCNOC), the operating company for Wolf Creek Generating Station 
(Wolf Creek).  Corporate headquarters of the company is located at 818  Kansas 
Avenue, Topeka, Kansas 66612.  At December 31, 1996,1997, the company had 5,9602,412 
employees.

   The company is an investor-owned holding company.  The company is engaged
principally in the production, purchase, transmission, distribution and sale
of electricity and the delivery and sale of natural gas.  The company serves
approximately 606,000 electric customers in eastern and central Kansas and
approximately 650,000 natural gas customers in Kansas and northeastern
Oklahoma. The company's non-utility subsidiaries market natural gas primarily
to large commercial and industrial customers, provide electronic monitoring
security services, and provide other energy-related products and services.

   On February 7, 1997, the company signed a merger agreement with Kansas City
Power & Light Company (KCPL) and the
company entered into an agreement wherebyby which KCPL would be merged with and into the
company.company in exchange for company stock.  In December 1997, representatives of the
company's financial advisor indicated that they believed it was unlikely that
they would be in a position to issue a fairness opinion required for the merger
on the basis of the previously announced terms. The merger agreement provides for a tax-free, stock-for-stock
transaction valued at approximately $2 billion.  Under the terms of the
agreement, KCPL shareowners will receive $32 of company common stock per KCPL
share, subject to an exchange ratio collar of not less than 0.917 and no more
than 1.100 common shares. Consummation of the KCPL Merger is 
subject to
customary conditions including obtaining the approval of KCPL'scurrently being renegotiated and the company's shareowners and various regulatory agencies.  See Note 2 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements (Notes)approval process for more information regarding the 
proposedoriginal merger with KCPL.agreement has been suspended. 

   On December 12, 1996, the company and ONEOK Inc. (ONEOK) announced an agreement to form
a strategic alliance combining the natural gas assets of both companies.  UnderIn
November 1997, the agreement for the proposedcompany completed its strategic alliance thewith ONEOK.  The
company will contributecontributed substantially all of its regulated and non-regulated natural
gas business to a new company (New ONEOK)ONEOK in exchange for a 45% ownership interest in ONEOK.  The
company will account for its common ownership in accordance with the equity
interest.  The recorded net property value being
contributed at December 31, 1996 is estimated at $600 million.  No gain or
loss is expectedmethod of accounting.  Subsequent to be recorded as a resultthe formation of the proposed transaction.strategic alliance, 
the consolidated energy sales, related cost of sales and operating expenses for
the company's natural gas business were replaced by investment earnings in 
ONEOK. The proposed transaction is subject to satisfaction of customary conditions,
including approval by ONEOK shareownersrelated assets and regulatory authorities.  The
company is working towards consummation ofliabilities were removed from the transaction during the second
half ofConsolidated 
Balance Sheets at November 30, 1997.  See Note 6 for more information regarding this strategic
alliance.

   During 1996, the company purchased approximately 38 millionacquired 27% of the common shares of ADT Limited,
Inc. (ADT) for approximately $589 million.  The shares
purchased represent approximately 27% of ADT's common equity making the
company the largest shareowner of ADT.  ADT's principal business is providing
electronic security services.  

         On December 18, 1996, the company announced its intention toand made an offer to exchange $22.50acquire the remaining ADT common shares.  ADT
rejected this offer and in cash ($7.50)July 1997, ADT merged with Tyco International Ltd.
(Tyco).  ADT and shares ($15.00) of the company'sTyco completed their merger by exchanging ADT common stock for
each outstandingTyco common share of ADT not already owned by the
company or its subsidiaries (ADT Offer).  The value ofstock. Following the ADT Offer, assumingand Tyco merger, the company's average stock price prior to closing is above $29.75 per common
share, is approximately $3.5 billion, including the company's existingequity
investment in ADT.  Following completionADT became an available-for-sale security.  During the third
quarter of the ADT Offer, the company
presently intends to propose and seek to have ADT effect an amalgamation,
pursuant to which a newly created subsidiary of the company incorporated under
the laws of Bermuda will amalgamate with and into ADT (Amalgamation).   Based
upon the closing stock price of the company on March 13, 1997, approximately
60.1 million shares of company common stock would be issuable pursuant to the
acquisition of ADT.  However, the actual number of shares of company common
stock that would be issuable in connection with the ADT Offer and the
Amalgamation will depend on the exchange ratio and the number of shares
validly tendered prior to the expiration date of the ADT Offer and the number
of shares of ADT outstanding at the time the Amalgamation is completed.  

         On March 3, 1997, the company announced a change in the ADT Offer.  
Under the terms of the revised ADT Offer, ADT shareowners would receive $10 
cash plus 0.41494 of a share of companysold its Tyco common stockshares for each share of ADT 
tendered not already owned by the company, based on the closing price of the 
company's common stock on March 13, 1997.  ADT shareowners would not, 
however, receive more than 0.42017 shares of company common stock for each 
ADT common share.

         Concurrent with the announcement of the ADT Offer on December 18, 1996,
the company filed a registration statement on Form S-4 with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (SEC) related to the ADT Offer.  On March 14, 1997, the
registration statement was declared effective by the SEC.  The expiration date
of the ADT Offer is 5 p.m., EDT, April 15, 1997, and may be extended from time
to time by the company until the various conditions to the ADT Offer have been
satisfied or waived.  The ADT Offer will be subject to the approval of ADT and
company shareowners.

         On March 17, 1997, ADT announced that it had entered into a definitive
merger agreement pursuant to which Tyco International Ltd. (Tyco), a
diversified manufacturer of industrial and commercial products, would
effectively acquire ADT in a stock for stock transaction valued at $5.6
billion, or approximately $29 per ADT share of common stock.

         On March 18, 1997, the company issued a press release indicating that 
it had mailed the details of the ADT Offer to ADT shareowners and that it 
would be reviewing the Tyco offer as well as considering its alternatives to 
such offer and assessing its rights as an ADT shareowner.  See Note 3 for more
information regarding this investment and the proposed ADT Offer.$1.5
billion.



   On December 31, 1996, the company purchased the assets and assumed certain
liabilities comprising Westinghouse Security Systems, Inc. (WSS), a security
alarm monitoring company, for approximately $358 million.  The net assets and
operations of WSS were contributed to Protection One in November, 1997 when the
company acquired its equity interest in Protection One.

   In 1997 the company acquired three monitored security service provider with over 300,000 accounts in the United 
States.alarm companies.  The
company paid $358acquired Network Multi-Family Security Corporation (Network 
Multi-Family) in September 1997 for approximately $171 million and acquired 
Centennial Holdings, Inc. (Centennial) in cash, subject to adjustment. See 
Note 4November 1997 for further information.
approximately $94 
million.  The company also acquired an approximate 82.4% equity interest in 
Protection One, a publicly traded security alarm monitoring company, in November
1997.  The company contributed all of its existing security business net assets,
other than Network Multi-Family, in exchange for its ownership interest in 
Protection One. 

   In February 1998, Protection One exercised its option to acquire the stock
of Network Holdings, Inc., the parent company of Network Multi-Family, from the
company for approximately $178 million. 

   In March 1998, Protection One acquired the security alarm monitoring business
of Multimedia Security Services, Inc. (Multimedia Security) for approximately
$233 million.  Multimedia Security has approximately 140,000 subscribers
concentrated primarily in California, Florida, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas. 
Protection One borrowed money from Westar Capital, a subsidiary of the company,
to complete this transaction. 

   In February 1996, the company purchased The Wing Group.  See Note 4 
for further information.Group Limited (The Wing
Group).  The electric utility industry in the United StatesWing Group is rapidly evolving
from an historically regulated monopolistic market to a dynamic and
competitive integrated marketplace.  The 1992 Energy Policy Act (Act) began
the processwholly-owned developer of deregulation of the electricity industry by permitting the
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to order electric utilities to
allow third parties to sell electricinternational power
to wholesale customers over their
transmission systems.  Since that time, the wholesale electricity market has
become increasingly competitive as companies begin to engage in nationwide
power brokerage.  In addition, various states including California and New
York have taken active steps toward allowing retail customers to purchase
electric power from third-party providers. In 1996, the Kansas Corporation
Commission (KCC) initiated a generic docket to study electric restructuring
issues.  A retail wheeling task force has been created by the Kansas
Legislature to study competitive trends in retail electric services.  During
the 1997 session of the Kansas Legislature, bills have been introduced to
increase competition in the electric industry.  Among the matters under
consideration is the recovery by utilities of costs in excess of competitive
cost levels.  There can be no assurance at this time that such costs will be
recoverable if open competition is initiated in the electric utility market.

         For further discussion regarding competition and the potential impact 
on the company, see Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations, Other Information, Competition and
Enhanced Business Opportunities.projects.   

   On July 1, 1995, the company established Midcontinent Market Center (Market
Center) which providesprovided natural gas transportation, storage, and gathering
services, as well as balancing and title transfer capability.  The company
contributed certain natural gas transmission assets having a net book value of
approximately $50 million to the Market Center.  The Market Center providesprovided no
notice natural gas transportation and storage services to the company under a
long-term contract.  When the alliance with ONEOK is completed,The assets of the Market Center will bewere transferred to NewONEOK
in November 1997, upon the completion of the strategic alliance with ONEOK. 

   On January 31, 1994, the company sold substantially all of its Missouri
natural gas distribution properties and operations to Southern Union Company
(Southern Union) for $404 million.  The company sold the remaining Missouri
properties to United Cities Gas Company (United Cities) for $665,000 on February
28, 1994.  The properties sold to Southern Union and United Cities are referred
to herein as the "Missouri Properties."  During the first quarter of 1994, the company recognized a gain of
approximately $19.3 million, net of tax, on the sales of the Missouri
Properties.  As of the respective dates of the sales
of the Missouri Properties, the company ceased recording the results of
operations, and removed the assets and liabilities from the Consolidated Balance
Sheets related to the Missouri Properties.

   The following table reflectsUnited States electric utility industry is evolving from a regulated
monopolistic market to a competitive marketplace.  The 1992 Energy Policy Act 
began deregulating the approximate operating revenues and
operating income included inelectricity industry.  The Energy Policy Act permitted 
the company's consolidated resultsFederal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to order electric utilities to 
allow third parties the use of operations
for the year ended December 31, 1994, relatedtheir transmission systems to sell electric power
to wholesale customers.  A wholesale sale is defined as a utility selling
electricity to a "middleman", usually a city or its utility company, to resell 


to the Missouri Properties:


                                               1994           
                                                 Percentultimate retail customer.  As part of Total              
                                         Amount  Company       
                                 (Dollars in Thousands, Unaudited)   
  Operating revenues. . . . . . . . . . $ 77,008    4.8%      
  Operating income. . . . . . . . . . .    4,997    1.9%      

         Separate audited financial information was not kept bythe 1992 KGE merger, we agreed to
open access of our transmission system for wholesale transactions.  FERC also
requires us to provide transmission services to others under terms comparable to
those we provide to ourselves. 

   For further discussion regarding competition and the potential impact on the
company, for 
the Missouri Properties.  This unaudited financial information is based on
assumptionssee Item 7. Management's Discussion and allocationsAnalysis of expensesFinancial Condition
and Results of the company as a whole.

         On March 31, 1992, the company through its wholly-owned subsidiary KCA
Corporation (KCA) acquired all of the outstanding common and preferred stock
of Kansas Gas and Electric Company. Simultaneously, KCA and Kansas Gas and
Electric Company merged and adopted the name Kansas Gas and Electric Company
(KGE).

         The following information includes the operations of KGE since March 
31, 1992 and excludes the activities related to the Missouri Properties 
following the sales of those properties in the first quarter of 1994.

         The percentages of Total Operating Revenues and Operating Income Before
Income Taxes attributable to the company's electric and regulated natural gas
operations for the past five years were as follows:

                           Total                       Operating Income
                     Operating Revenues               Before Income Taxes  
                               Regulated                         Regulated
      Year        Electric    Natural Gas           Electric    Natural Gas
      1996           69%          31%                  90%          10%
      1995           73%          27%                  98%           2%  
      1994           69%          31%                  97%           3%
      1993           58%          42%                  85%          15%
      1992           57%          43%                  89%          11%

         The difference between the percentage of electric operating revenues to
total operating revenues and the percentage of electric operating income to
total operating income as compared to the same percentages for regulated
natural gas operations is due to the company's level of investment in plant
and its fuel costs in each of these segments.  The reduction in the
percentages for the regulated natural gas operations in 1994 is due to the
sales of the Missouri Properties.

         The amount of the company's plant in service (net of accumulated
depreciation) at December 31, for each of the past five years was as follows:

                                                                               
          Year          Electric          Natural Gas          Total           
                                    (Dollars in Thousands)
          1996         $3,669,662          $554,561         $4,224,223  
          1995          3,676,576           525,431          4,202,007      
          1994          3,676,347           496,753          4,173,100
          1993          3,641,154           759,619          4,400,773
          1992          3,645,364           696,036          4,341,400


         Under the agreement for the proposed strategic alliance with ONEOK, the
company will contribute its natural gas business to New ONEOK in exchange for
a 45% equity interest.  See Note 2 for further information.Operations.


ELECTRIC OPERATIONS

General

   The company supplies electric energy at retail to approximately 606,000614,000
customers in 462 communities in Kansas.  These include Wichita, Topeka, 
Lawrence, Manhattan, Salina, and Hutchinson.  The company also supplies electric
energy at wholesale to the electric distribution systems of 67 communities and 5
rural electric cooperatives.  The company has contracts for the sale, 
purchase or exchange of electricity with other utilities.  The company also 
receives a limited amount of electricity through parallel generation.

   The company's electric sales for the last five years were as follows
(includes KGE since March 31, 1992):follows:

                         1997       1996       1995       1994       1993 
                                           1992    
                                      (Thousands of MWH)                  
  ResidentialResidential. . . .     5,310      5,265      5,088      5,003      4,960
  3,842    
  Commercial . . . .     5,803      5,667      5,453      5,368      5,100
  4,473    
  Industrial . . . .     5,714      5,622      5,619      5,410      5,301
  4,419    
  Wholesale and       
    InterchangeInterchange. . .     5,334      5,908      4,012      3,899      4,525
  3,028    
  OtherOther. . . . . . .       107        105        108        106        103
    91    
    TotalTotal. . . . . .    22,268     22,567     20,280     19,786     19,989      15,853

   The company's electric revenues for the last five years were as follows
(includes KGE since March 31, 1992):follows:

                     1997(1)      1996        1995        1994        1993   
                                  1992 
                                     
                                  (Dollars in Thousands)
  Residential      $  392,751  $  403,588  $  396,025  $  388,271  $  384,618
  $296,917  
  Commercial          339,167     351,806     340,819     334,059     319,686
  271,303  
  Industrial          254,076     262,989     268,947     265,838     261,898
  211,593  
  Wholesale and 
    Interchange       142,506     143,380     104,992     106,243     118,401
  98,183  
  Other               101,493      35,670      35,112      27,370      19,934
    4,889  
    Total          $1,229,993  $1,197,433  $1,145,895  $1,121,781  $1,104,537
  
  $882,885(1) The increase in 1997 other electric revenues reflects power marketing
      revenues.  See Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
      Condition and Results of Operations for further discussion of power 
      marketing.


Capacity

   The aggregate net generating capacity of the company's system is presently
5,3125,319 megawatts (MW).  The system comprises interests in 22 fossil fueled steam
generating units, one nuclear generating unit (47% interest), seven combustion
peaking turbines and two diesel generators located at eleven generating 
stations.  Two units of the 22 fossil fueled units (aggregating 100 MW of 
capacity) have been "mothballed" for future use (See Item 2. Properties).

   The company's 19961997 peak system net load occurred July 19, 199624, 1997 and amounted
to 3,9974,016 MW.  The company's net generating capacity together with power 
available from firm interchange and purchase contracts, provided a capacity 
margin of approximately 18% above system peak responsibility at the time of the
peak.

   The company and twelve companies in Kansas and western Missouri have agreed
to provide capacity (including margin), emergency and economy services for each
other.  This arrangement is called the MOKAN Power Pool.  The pool participants
also coordinate the planning of electric generating and transmission facilities.

   The company is one of 6054 members of the Southwest Power Pool (SPP).  SPP's
responsibility is to maintain system reliability on a regional basis.  The 
region encompasses areas within the eight states of Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma,
New Mexico, Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississippi.

   In 1994, theThe company joinedis a member of the Western Systems Power Pool (WSPP).  Under this
arrangement, over 156172 electric utilities and marketers throughout the western
United States have agreed to market energy and to provide transmission services.
WSPP's intent is to increase the efficiency of the interconnected power systems
operations over and above existing operations.  Services available include 
short-term and long-term economy energy transactions, unit commitment service, 
firm capacity and energy sales, energy exchanges, and transmission service by
intermediate systems.

   In January 1994, theThe company entered intohas an agreement with Oklahoma Municipal Power Authority (OMPA),
whereby, the company received a prepayment in 1994 of approximately $41 million
for capacity (42 MW) and transmission charges through the year 2013.

   During 1994, KGE entered intohas an agreement with Midwest Energy, Inc. (MWE), whereby KGE will
provide MWE with peaking capacity of 61 MW through the year 2008.  KGE also
entered into an agreement with Empire District Electric Company (Empire), 
whereby KGE will provide Empire with peaking and base load capacity (20 MW in 
1994 increasing to 80 MW in 2000) through the year 2000.  In January 1995, theThe company entered intohas 
another agreement with Empire, whereby the company will provide Empire with 
peaking and base load capacity (10 MW in 1995 increasing to 162 MW in 2000) 
through the year 2010.

Future Capacity

   The company does not contemplate any significant expenditures in connection
with construction of any major generating facilities for the next five years.
(See Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis Liquidityof Financial Condition and
Capital Resources)Results of Operations).



Fuel Mix

   The company's coal-fired units comprise 3,2953,311 MW of the total 5,3125,319 MW of
generating capacity and the company's nuclear unit provides 547 MW of capacity. 
Of the remaining 1,4701,461 MW of generating capacity, units that can burn either
natural gas or oil account for 1,3861,377 MW, and the remaining units which burn only
diesel fuel account for 84 MW (See Item 2. Properties).

   During 1996,1997, low sulfur coal was used to produce 81%78% of the company's
electricity.  Nuclear produced 16%17% and the remainder was produced from natural
gas, oil, or diesel fuel.  During 1997,1998, based on the company's estimate of the
availability of fuel, coal will be used to produce approximately 80%77% of the
company's electricity and nuclear will be used to produce approximately 16%18%.

   The company's fuel mix fluctuates with the operation of nuclear powered Wolf
Creek which has an 18-month refueling and maintenance schedule.  The 18-month
schedule permits uninterrupted operation every third calendar year. Wolf Creek
was taken off-line on February 3, 1996October 4, 1997 for its eighthninth refueling and maintenance
outage which lasted approximately 6058 days during which time electric demand was
met primarily by the company's coal-fired generating units.

Nuclear

   The owners of Wolf Creek have on hand or under contract 70%100% of their uranium
needs for 1998 and 59% of the uranium requirements for operation ofrequired to operate Wolf Creek through
the yearSeptember 2003.  The balance is expected to be obtained through spot market and
contract purchases.  The company has fourthree active contracts with the following
companies for uranium: Cameco Corporation, Geomex Minerals, Inc., and Power
Resources, Inc. 

   A contractual arrangement is in place with Cameco Corporation for the
conversion of uranium to uranium hexafluoride sufficient for the operation of
Wolf Creek through the year 2001.

   The company has two active contracts for uranium enrichment performed by
Urenco and USEC.  Contracted arrangements cover 82%80% of Wolf Creek's uranium
enrichment requirements for operation of Wolf Creek through March 2005. The
balance is expected to be obtained through spot market and term contract
purchases. 

   The company has entered into all of its uranium, uranium hexaflouride and
uranium enrichment arrangements during the ordinary course of business and is 
not substantially dependent upon these agreements.  The company believes there 
are other suppliers available at reasonable prices to replace, if necessary, 
these contracts.  In the event that the company were required to replace these
contracts, it would not anticipate a substantial disruption of its business.

   TheNuclear fuel is amortized to cost of sales based on the quantity of heat
produced for the generation of electricity.  Under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act
of 1982, established schedules, guidelines 
and responsibilities for the Department of Energy (DOE) to develop and construct
repositoriesis responsible for the ultimatepermanent 
disposal of spent nuclear fuel.  The company pays the DOE a quarterly fee of 
one-tenth of a cent for each kilowatt-hour of net nuclear generation delivered 
and sold for future disposal of spent nuclear fuel.  These disposal costs are 
charged to cost of sales and currently recovered through rates.


   In 1996, a U.S. Court of Appeals issued a decision that the Nuclear Waste 
Act unconditionally obligated the DOE to begin accepting spent fuel for disposal
in 1998.  In late 1997, the same court issued another decision precluding the 
DOE from concluding that its delay in accepting spent fuel is "unavoidable" 
under its contracts with utilities due to lack of a repository or interim 
storage authority.  By the end of 1997, KGE and high-level waste. 
Theother utilities had petitioned 
the DOE has not yet constructed a high-level wastefor authority to suspend payments of their quarterly fees until such 
time as the DOE begins accepting spent fuel.  In January 1998, the DOE denied 
the petition of the utilities. 

   A permanent disposal site and has
announced that a permanent storage facility may not be in operation prior toavailable for the industry until 2010
or later, although an interim storage facility may be available earlier.  Under current
DOE policy, once a permanent site is available, the DOE will accept spent 
nuclear fuel on a priority basis; the owners of the oldest spent fuel will be 
given the highest priority.  As a result, disposal services for Wolf Creek contains anmay 
not be available prior to 2016.  Wolf Creek has on-site temporary storage for 
spent nuclear fuel.  Under current regulatory guidelines, this facility can 
provide storage space until about 2005.  Wolf Creek has started plans to 
increase its on-site spent fuel storage facility which, under current
regulatory guidelines, provides spacecapacity.  That project, expected to be 
completed by 2000, should provide storage capacity for the storage ofall spent fuel expected 
to be generated by Wolf Creek through 2005 while still maintaining full core off-load capability.the end of its licensed life in 2025.

   The companyLow-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 mandated that
the various states, individually or through interstate compacts, develop
alternative low-level radioactive waste disposal facilities.  The states of
Kansas, Nebraska, Arkansas, Louisiana and Oklahoma formed the Central Interstate
Low-Level Radioactive Waste Compact and selected a site in northern Nebraska to
locate a disposal facility.  The present estimate of the cost for such a 
facility is currently investigating spent fuel storage options which should provide enough
additional storage spaceabout $154 million.  WCNOC and the owners of the other five nuclear
units in the compact have provided most of the pre-construction financing for 
this project.

   There is uncertainty as to whether this project will be completed. 
Significant opposition to the project has been raised by Nebraska officials and
residents in the area of the proposed facility, and attempts have been made
through at least 2020 while still maintaining full
core off-load capability.  The company believes adequate additional storage
space can be obtained as necessary.litigation and proposed legislation in Nebraska to slow down or stop
development of the facility.

   Additional information with respect to insurance coverage applicable to the
operations of the company's nuclear generating facility is set forth in Note 87
of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Coal

   The three coal-fired units at Jeffrey Energy Center (JEC) have an aggregate
capacity of 1,8241,839 MW (company's 84% share) (See Item 2. Properties).  The 
company has a long-term coal supply contract with Amax Coal West, Inc. (AMAX), a
subsidiary of Cyprus Amax Coal Company, to supply low sulfur coal to JEC from
AMAX's Eagle Butte Mine or an alternate mine source of AMAX's Belle Ayr Mine,
both located in the Powder River Basin in Campbell County, Wyoming.  The 
contract expires December 31, 2020.  The contract contains a schedule of minimum
annual delivery quantities based on MMBtu provisions.  The coal to be supplied 
is surface mined and has an average Btu content of approximately 8,300 Btu per 
pound and an average sulfur content of .43 lbs/MMBtu (See Environmental 
Matters).  The average delivered cost of coal for JEC was approximately $1.10$1.13 
per MMBtu or $18.70$18.92 per ton during 1996.1997.


   Coal is transported from Wyoming under a long-term rail transportation
contract with Burlington Northern (BN)Santa Fe (BNSF) and Union Pacific (UP)
railroads to JEC through December 31, 2013.  Rates are based on net load 
carrying capabilities of each rail car.  The company provides 868 aluminum rail
cars, under a 20 year lease, to transport coal to JEC.

   The two coal-fired units at La Cygne Station have an aggregate generating
capacity of 678677 MW (KGE's 50% share) (See Item 2.  Properties).  The operator,
KCPL, maintains coal contracts as summarized in the following paragraphs.

   La Cygne 1 uses low sulfur Powder River Basin coal which is supplied under
a variety of spot market transactions, discussed below. High Btu Kansas/Missouri
coal is blended with the Powder River Basin coal and is secured from time to 
time under spot market arrangements.  La Cygne 1 uses a blended fuel mix 
containing approximately 85% Powder River Basin coal.

   La Cygne 2 and additional La Cygne 1 Powder River Basin coal is supplied
through several contracts, expiring at various times through 1999.  This low
sulfur coal had an average Btu content of approximately 8,500 Btu per pound and
a maximum sulfur content of .50 lbs/MMBtu (See Environmental Matters).
Transportation is covered by KCPL through its Omnibus Rail Transportation
Agreement with BNBNSF and Kansas City Southern Railroad (KCS) through December 31, 2000.

   During 1996,1997, the average delivered cost of all local and Powder River Basin
coal procured for La Cygne 1 was approximately $0.64$0.70 per MMBtu or $13.47$12.31 per ton
and the average delivered cost of Powder River Basin coal for La Cygne 2 was
approximately $0.68$0.67 per MMBtu or $11.49$11.32 per ton.

   The coal-fired units located at the Tecumseh and Lawrence Energy Centers have
an aggregate generating capacity of 793795 MW (See Item 2. Properties).  The 
company contracted with Cyprus Amax Coal Company's Foidel Creek Mine located in
Routt County, Colorado for low sulfur coal through December 31, 1998.  This 
coal is transported by SouthernUnion Pacific Lines and Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway CompanyBNSF railroads under  a contractcontracts 
expiring December 31, 1998.  The company anticipates that the Cyprus agreement 
will supply the minimum requirements of the Tecumseh and Lawrence Energy Centers
and supplemental coal requirements will continue to be supplied from coal 
markets in Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado and/or New Mexico. The company is 
currently seeking coal supply through 2000 to replace the expiring Cyprus coal 
agreement.  Additional spot market coal for 19971998 has been secured from COLOWYOKennecott
Coal Company on a delivered 
basis.with rail transportation supplied by BNSF railroad. During 1996,1997, 
the average delivered cost of coal for the Lawrence units was approximately 
$1.19$1.24 per MMBtu or $26.91$26.89 per ton and the average delivered cost of coal for the
Tecumseh units was approximately $1.21$1.24 per MMBtu or $27.11$26.76 per ton.  The coal 
supplied from Cyprus hasin 1997 had an average Btu content of approximately 11,20010,842 Btu per 
pound and an average sulfur content of .47.42 lbs/MMBtu (See Environmental 
Matters).  

   The company has entered into all of its coal and transportation contracts during the ordinary
course of business and is not substantially dependent upon these contracts.  The
company believes there are other suppliers for and plentiful sources of coal
available at reasonable prices to replace, if necessary, fuel to be supplied
pursuant to these contracts.  In the event that the company were required to
replace its coal or transportation agreements, it would not anticipate a substantial disruption of
the company's business.

   The company has entered into all of its transportation contracts during the
ordinary course of business.  At the time of entering into these contracts, the
company was not substantially dependent upon these contracts due to the
availability of competitive rail options.  Due to recent rail consolidation,
there are now only two rail carriers capable of serving the company's origin 
coal mines and its generating stations.  In the event one of these carriers 
became unable to provide reliable service, the company could experience a 
short-term disruption of its business.  However, due to the obligation of the 
remaining carriers to provide service under the Interstate Commerce Act, the 
company does not anticipate any substantial long-term disruption of its 
business.  See also Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations.

Natural Gas

   The company uses natural gas as a primary fuel in its Gordon Evans, Murray
Gill, Abilene, and Hutchinson Energy Centers and in the gas turbine units at its
Tecumseh generating station.  Natural gas is also used as a supplemental fuel in
the coal-fired units at the Lawrence and Tecumseh generating stations.  Natural
gas for Gordon Evans and Murray Gill Energy 
Centersall facilities is supplied by readily available gas from the spot market.  
Short-termshort-term
economical spot market purchasesand will supply the system with the flexible natural gas
supply to meet operational needs for the Gordon Evans 
and Murray Gill Energy Centers. Natural gas for the company's Abilene and 
Hutchinson stations is supplied from the company's main system (See Natural 
Gas Operations).needs.

Oil

   The company uses oil as an alternate fuel when economical or when
interruptions to natural gas make it necessary.  Oil is also used as a
supplemental fuel at JEC and La Cygne generating stations.  All oil burned by 
the company during the past several years has been obtained by spot market 
purchases.  At December 31, 1996,1997, the company had approximately 3 million 
gallons of No. 2 oil and 1317 million gallons of No. 6 oil which is believedit believes to be
sufficient to meet emergency requirements and protect against lack of 
availability of natural gas and/or the loss of a large generating unit.

Other Fuel Matters

   The company's contracts to supply fuel for its coal and natural gas-fired
generating units, with the exception of JEC, do not provide full fuel
requirements at the various stations.  Supplemental fuel is procured on the spot
market to provide operational flexibility and, when the price is favorable, to
take advantage of economic opportunities.

   Set forth in the table below is information relating to the weighted average
cost of fuel used by the company.

   KPL Plants                    1997     1996     1995     1994     1993
    1992     
    Per Million Btu:
          Coal . . . . . . . .  $1.17    $1.14    $1.15    $1.13    $1.13
          $1.30
          GasGas. . . . . . . . .   2.88     2.50     1.63     2.66     2.71
          2.15
          OilOil. . . . . . . . .   3.72     4.01     4.34     4.27     4.41

    4.19

    Cents per KWH Generation .   1.32     1.30     1.31     1.32     1.31

1.49

   KGE Plants                    1997     1996     1995     1994     1993   
    1992   
         Per Million Btu:
          NuclearNuclear. . . . . . .  $0.51    $0.50    $0.40    $0.36    $0.35
          $0.34
          Coal . . . . . . . .   0.89     0.88     0.91     0.90     0.96
          1.25
          GasGas. . . . . . . . .   2.56     2.30     1.68     1.98     2.37
          1.95
          OilOil. . . . . . . . .   3.32     2.74     4.00     3.90     3.15

    4.28

    Cents per KWH Generation .   1.00     0.93     0.82     0.89     0.93     0.98


Environmental Matters

   The company currently holds all Federal and State environmental approvals
required for the operation of its generating units.  The company believes it is
presently in substantial compliance with all air quality regulations (including
those pertaining to particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides 
(NOx)) promulgated by the State of Kansas and the Environmental Protection 
Agency (EPA).

   The Federal sulfur dioxide standards, applicable to the company's JEC and 
La Cygne 2 units, prohibit the emission of more than 1.2 pounds of sulfur 
dioxide per million Btu of heat input.  Federal particulate matter emission 
standards applicable to these units prohibit:  (1) the emission of more than 
0.1 pounds of particulate matter per million Btu of heat input and (2) an 
opacity greater than 20%.  Federal NOx emission standards applicable to these 
units prohibit the emission of more than 0.7 pounds of NOx per million Btu of 
heat input.

   The JEC and La Cygne 2 units have met:  (1) the sulfur dioxide standards
through the use of low sulfur coal (See Coal); (2) the particulate matter
standards through the use of electrostatic precipitators; and (3) the NOx
standards through boiler design and operating procedures.  The JEC units are 
also equipped with flue gas scrubbers providing additional sulfur dioxide and
particulate matter emission reduction capability when needed to meet permit
limits.

   The Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) regulations,
applicable to the company's other generating facilities, prohibit the emission
of more than 2.5 pounds of sulfur dioxide per million Btu of heat input at two
of the company's Lawrence generating units and 3.0 pounds at all other 
generating units.  There is sufficient low sulfur coal under contract (See Coal)
to allow compliance with such limits at Lawrence, Tecumseh and La Cygne 1 for 
the life of the contracts.  All facilities burning coal are equipped with flue 
gas scrubbers and/or electrostatic precipitators.

   The company must comply with the provisions of The Clean Air Act Amendments
of 1990 (the Act)that require a two-phase reduction in sulfur dioxide and NOx emissions with Phase I effective in 1995
and Phase II effective in 2000 and a probable reduction in toxic emissions by
a future date yet to be determined.  To meet the monitoring and reporting
requirements under the Act's acid rain program, thecertain emissions.  The company
has installed continuous monitoring and reporting equipment at a total cost of approximately
$10 million as of December 31, 1996.to meet the acid 
rain requirements.  The company does not expect material capital expenditures to
be neededrequired to meet Phase II sulfur dioxide requirements. 
Although the company currently has no Phase I affected units, the company has
applied for and has been accepted for an early substitution permit to bring
the co-owned La Cygne Unit 1 under the Phase I regulations.  

         The NOx and toxic limits, which were not set in the law, were 
proposed by the EPA in January 1996.  The company is currently evaluating the 
steps it will need to take in order to comply with the proposed new rules.  
The company will have three years from the date the limits were proposed to 
comply with the new NOx rules.nitrogen oxide requirements.

   All of the company's generating facilities are in substantial compliance with
the Best Practicable Technology and Best Available Technology regulations issued
by the EPA pursuant to the Clean Water Act of 1977.  Most EPA regulations are
administered in Kansas by the KDHE.

   Additional information with respect to Environmental Matters is discussed in
Note 87 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.
NATURAL GAS OPERATIONS

General

   Under the agreement for the proposed strategic alliance with ONEOK, the company 
will contributecontributed substantially all of its natural gas business to New ONEOK on November
30, 1997, in exchange for a 45% equity interest.  See Note 24 of the Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

   ONEOK is a diversified energy company engaged in the production, gathering,
storage, transportation, distribution and marketing of natural gas and natural
gas products.  ONEOK's regulated business operations provides natural gas
distribution and transmission in Oklahoma and Kansas.  ONEOK's nonregulated
business operations include natural gas marketing, gas processing and 
production. 
 
   The company's natural gas operations areprior to November 30, 1997, were
comprised primarily of the following four components: a local natural gas
distribution division which iswas subject to rate-regulation; Market Center, a
Kansas subsidiary of the company that engagesengaged primarily in intrastate gas
transmission, as well as gas wheeling, parking, balancing and storage services,
and iswas also subject to rate-regulation; Westar Gas Marketing, Inc., (Westar Gas
Marketing) a Kansas non-regulated indirect subsidiary of the company that engageswas
engaged primarily in marketing and selling natural gas to small and medium-sized
commercial and industrial customers; and Westar Gas Company, a Delaware 
non-regulated subsidiary of Westar Gas Marketing that engageswas engaged in extracting,
processing and selling natural gas liquids.

   At December 31, 1996,During, 1997, the company supplied natural gas at retail to approximately
650,000652,000 customers in 362 communities and at wholesale to eight communities and
two utilities in Kansas and Oklahoma.  The natural gas systems of the company
consistconsisted of distribution systems in both states purchasing natural gas from
various suppliers and transported by interstate pipeline companies and the main
system, an integrated storage, gathering, transmission and distribution system. 
The company also transportstransported gas for its large commercial and industrial
customers which purchasepurchased gas on the spot market.  The company earnsearned
approximately the same margin on the volume of gas transported as on volumes 
sold except where discounting occursoccurred in order to retain the customer's load.  

   As discussed under General, above, onOn January 31, 1994, the company sold substantially all of its Missouri
natural gas distribution properties and operations to Southern Union and sold
the remaining Missouri Properties to United Cities on February 28, 1994. 

   Additional information with respect to
the impact of the sales of the Missouri Properties is set forth in Note 19 of
the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.    

         The percentage of total natural gas deliveries, including transportation and
operating revenues for 1996,1997 (through November 30, 1997), by state were as
follows:

                          Total Natural           Total Natural Gas
                          Gas Deliveries          Operating Revenues   
          Kansas             96.6%                     95.7%96.8%                     95.2%
          Oklahoma            3.4%                      4.3%
3.2%                      4.8%



   The company's natural gas deliveries for the last five years were as follows:

                      1997(1)     1996       1995       1994(2)1994(3)     1993       1992      
                                       (Thousands of MCF)                      
    Residential       47,602     62,728     55,810      64,804    110,045
    93,779    
    Commercial        16,968     22,841     21,245      26,526     47,536
    40,556    
    Industrial           296        450        548         605      1,490
    2,214       
    Other             26,448     21,067     17,078(1)17,078(2)       43         41
    94
    Transportation    41,635     45,947     48,292      51,059     73,574
      68,425       
      Total          132,949    153,033    142,973     143,037    232,686    205,068

   The company's natural gas revenues related to deliveries for the last five
years were as follows:

                      1997(1)     1996        1995      1994(2)1994(3)     1993       1992     
                                   (Dollars in Thousands)
    Residential      $312,665   $352,905    $274,550   $332,348   $529,260   
    $440,239   
     Commercial        100,394    120,927      94,349    125,570    209,344   
    169,470   
     Industrial          1,632      2,885       3,051      3,472      7,294   
    7,804   
     Other              63,608     48,643      31,860     11,544     30,143   
    27,457   
     Transportation     22,552     23,354      22,366     23,228     28,781   
      28,393   
     Total          $500,851   $548,714    $426,176   $496,162   $804,822   
   
     $673,363   
         

         (1) The decrease in gas deliveries and revenues reflects the contribution
         of the company's natural gas business to ONEOK on November 30, 1997.

     (2) The increase in other gas salesdeliveries reflects an increase in
         as-available gas sales.

     (2)(3) Information reflects the sales of the Missouri Properties effective
         January 31, and February 28, 1994.

   As-available gas is excess natural gas under contract that the company did
not require for customer sales or storage that is typically sold to gas
marketers.  According to the company's tariff, the nominal margin made on
as-available gas sales is returned 75% to customers through the cost of gas 
rider and 25% is reflected in wholesale revenues of the company.

In compliance with orders of the state commissions applicable to all
natural gas utilities, the company has established priority categories for
service to its natural gas customers.  The highest priority is for residential
and small commercial customers and the lowest for large industrial customers.  
Natural gas delivered by the company from its main system for use as fuel for
electric generation is classified in the lowest priority category.


Interstate System

   The company distributesdistributed natural gas at retail to approximately 520,000
customers located in central and eastern Kansas and northeastern Oklahoma.  The
largest cities served in 19961997 were Wichita and Topeka, Kansas and Bartlesville,
Oklahoma.  The company hashad transportation agreements for delivery of this gas
which havewith terms varying in length from one to twenty years, with the following 
non-affiliated pipeline transmission companies:  Williams Natural Gas CompanyPipelines
Central (WNG), Kansas Pipeline CompanyPartnership (KPP), Panhandle Eastern Pipeline
Company (Panhandle), and various other intrastate suppliers.  The volumes
transported under these agreements in 1996 and 1995for the past three years were as follows:

                     Transportation Volumes (BCF's)
                              
                                   1997(1)     1996     1995   
               WNGWNG. . . . . . .     74.1       79.4     61.8
               KPPKPP. . . . . . .      5.2        7.3      7.1
               PanhandlePanhandle. . . .      1.1        1.2      1.0
               Others . . . . .      0.8        2.1      8.0



    (1) Information reflects the contribution of the company's natural gas
        business to ONEOK on November 30, 1997.

   The company purchasespurchased this gas from various producers and marketers under
contracts expiring at various times.  The company purchased approximately 78.471.5
BCF or 91.9%88.1% of its natural gas supply from these sources in 19961997 and 61.778.4 BCF
or 79.3%91.9% during 1995.  Approximately 85.3 BCF of natural gas is made 
available annually under these contracts which extend for various terms 
through the year 2005.1996. 

   In October 1994, the company executed a long-term gas purchase contract (Base
Contract) and a peaking supply contract with Amoco Production Company for the
purpose of meeting at least 50% of the requirements of the customers served from
the company's interstate system over the WNG pipeline system.

   The company anticipates that the Base Contract will supply between 50% and 65% of the
company's demand served by the WNG pipeline system.  Amoco is one of various
suppliers over the WNG pipeline system and if this contract were canceled, the
company could replace gas supplied by Amoco with gas from other suppliers. 
Gas available under the Amoco contract is also available for sale by the
company to other parties and sales are recorded as wholesale revenues of the
company.
         
         The company also purchasespurchased natural gas from KPP under contracts expiring at
various times.  These purchases were approximately 5.23.3 BCF or 5.8%4.1% of its 
natural gas supply in 19961997 and 5.35.2 BCF or 6.7%5.8% during 1995.1996.  The company 
purchasespurchased natural gas for the interstate system from intrastate pipelines and 
from spot market suppliers under short-term contracts.  These sources totaled 
5.6 BCF and 0.6 BCF for 1997 and 3.6 BCF for 1996 representing 6.8% and 1995 representing 0.7% and 
4.6% of the system 
requirements, respectively.

   During 1997 and 1996, and 1995, approximately 1.50.8 BCF and 7.31.5 BCF, respectively, were
transferred from the company's main system to serve a portion of the demand for
the interstate system representing 1.6%1.0% and 9.4%1.6%, respectively, of the 
interstate system supply.

   The average wholesale cost per thousand cubic feet (MCF) purchased for the
distribution systems for the past five years waswere as follows:

                            Interstate Pipeline Supply
                              (Average Cost per MCF)

                                1997      1996      1995      1994      1993
       1992
       WNG . . . . . . . . .   $ -       $ -       $ -       $ -       $3.57
       $3.64
       Other . . . . . . . .    3.65      3.09      2.78      3.32      3.01
       2.30
       Total Average CostCost. .    3.65      3.09      2.78      3.32      3.23

2.88


Main System

   TheDuring 1997, the company servesserved approximately 130,000 customers in central
and north central Kansas with natural gas supplied through the main system.  The
principal market areas include Salina, Manhattan, Junction City, Great Bend,
McPherson and Hutchinson, Kansas.

   Natural gas for the company's main system iswas purchased from a combination
of direct wellhead production, from the outlet of natural gas processing plants, and
from natural gas marketers and production companies.  Such purchases arewere transported
entirely through company ownedcompany-owned transmission lines in Kansas. 

   Natural gas purchased for the company's main system customer requirements iswas
transported and/or stored by the Market Center.  The company retainsretained a priority
right to capacity on the Market Center necessary to serve the main system
customers.  The company hashad the opportunity to negotiate for the purchase of
natural gas with producers or marketers utilizing Market Center services, which 
increasesincreased the potential supply available to meet main system customer demands.
During 1996, the

   The company purchased approximately 4.4 BCF and 7.6 BCF of natural gas during
1997 and 1996, respectively, through the spot market which allowed the company to avoid minimum take
requirements associated with long-term contracts.  This purchase representsmarket.  These purchases
represented approximately 35.2% and 45.5% of the company's main system
requirements during 1996.1997 and 1996, respectively. 

   Spivey-Grabs field in south-central Kansas supplied approximately 4.23.9 BCF of
natural gas in both 19961997 and 4.84.2 BCF in 1995,1996, constituting 25.1%31.0% and 20.2%25.1%,
respectively, of the main system's requirements during such periods.

   Such natural gas is supplied pursuant to contracts with producers 
in the Spivey-Grabs field, most of which are for the life of the field.  
Based on a reserve study performed by an independent petroleum engineering 
firm in 1995, significant quantities of gas will be available from the 
Spivey-Grabs field until at least the year 2015.

         Other sources of gas for the main system of 3.0 BCF or 24.0% and 2.7 BCF or
16.0% of the system requirements were purchased from or transported through
interstate pipelines during 1996.1997 and 1996, respectively.  The remainder of the
supply for the main system during 1997 and 1996 and 1995 of 2.21.2 BCF and 2.2 BCF
representing 13.4%9.8% and 9.9%13.4%, respectively, was purchased directly from producers
or gathering systems.

   During 1997 and 1996, and 1995, approximately 1.50.8 BCF and 7.31.5 BCF, respectively, of the
total main system supply was transferred to the company's interstate system (See
Interstate System).

         The company believes there is adequate natural gas available under
contract or otherwise available to meet the currently anticipated needs of the
main system customers.

   The main system's average wholesale cost per MCF purchased for the past five
years was as follows:
                         Natural Gas Supply - Main System
                              (Average Cost per MCF)

                              1997     1996     1995     1994     1993       
  1992       
  Mesa-Hugoton ContractContract. .   $ -      $ -      $1.44    $1.81    $1.78(1)  
  $1.47(2)  
  OtherOther. . . . . . . . . .    3.43     2.48     2.47     2.92     2.69     
  2.66     
  Total Average Cost . . .    3.43     2.48     2.06     2.23     2.20     

   2.00     

         (1)  Includes 2.5 BCF @ $1.31/MCF of make-up deliveries.
         (2)  Includes 2.1 BCF @ $1.31/MCF of make-up deliveries.

   The load characteristics of the company's natural gas customers createscreated
relatively high volume demand on the main system  during cold winter days.  To 
assure peak day service to high priority customers the company ownsowned and 
operatesoperated and hashad under contract natural gas storage facilities (See Item 2. 
Properties). 


WESTAR GAS MARKETING

   Westar Gas Marketing was formed in 1988 to pursue natural gas marketing
opportunities. Westar Gas Marketing purchasespurchased and marketsmarketed natural gas to
approximately 925 customers located in Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Colorado,
Oklahoma, Iowa, Wyoming and Arkansas.  Westar Gas Marketing purchasespurchased natural 
gas under both long-term and short-term contracts from producers and operators 
in the Hugoton, Arkoma and Anadarko gas basins.  Westar Gas Marketing engagesengaged in
certain transactions to hedge natural gas prices in its gas marketing 
activities.  The net assets and operations of Westar Gas Marketing were 
contributed to ONEOK in November 1997, upon the completion of the strategic 
alliance with ONEOK.


WESTAR GAS COMPANY

   Westar Gas Company ownsowned and operatesoperated the Minneola Gas Processing Plant
(Minneola) in Ford County, Kansas.  Minneola extracts liquids from natural gas
provided by outside producers and sells the residue gas to third-party 
marketers.  A portion of the residue gas is sold to Westar Gas Marketing.  
Westar Gas Company, through its participation in various joint ventures,
ownsowned a 41.4% beneficial interest in the Indian Basin Processing Plant (Indian
Basin) near Artesia, New Mexico.  Indian Basin is operated by Marathon Oil and
extracts natural gas liquids for third party producers.  The net assets and
operations of Westar Gas Company were contributed to ONEOK in November 1997, 
upon the completion of the strategic alliance with ONEOK.


SECURITY ALARM MONITORING OPERATIONS

   On July 30, 1997, the company agreed to combine its security alarm monitoring
business with Protection One, a publicly held security alarm monitoring 
provider.  On November 24, 1997, the company completed the transaction by 
contributing approximately $532 million in security alarm monitoring business 
net assets and approximately $258 million in cash in exchange for an 82.4% 
ownership in Protection One.

   Protection One is a leading provider of security alarm monitoring and related
services in the United States with approximately 950,000 subscribers.  
Protection One has grown rapidly since its inception by participating in both 
the growth and consolidation of the security alarm monitoring industry.  
Protection One has focused its customer growth in major metropolitan areas 
demonstrating strong demand for security alarms.  

   Protection One's revenues consist primarily of subscribers' recurring
payments for monitoring and related services.  Protection One monitors digital
signals arising from burglaries, fires, and other events utilizing security
systems installed at subscribers' premises.  Through a network of approximately
60 branches, Protection One provides maintenance and repair of security systems
and, in select markets, armed response to verify that an actual emergency, 
rather than a false alarm, has occurred.

   Protection One provides its services to the residential, commercial and
wholesale segments of the alarm monitoring market.  Protection One believes the
residential segment, which represents in excess of 80% of its customer base, is
the most attractive because of its growth prospects, growth margins and size. 
Within the residential segment, 19% of Protection One's customer base resides in
multi-family complexes such as apartments and condominiums and 62% occupy 
single-family households.  The remainder of Protection One's customer base is 
split between commercial subscribers and subscribers owned by independent alarm
dealers that subcontract monitoring services to Protection One.  


SEGMENT INFORMATION

   Financial information with respect to business segments is set forth in Note
1820 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.


FINANCING

   The company's ability to issue additional debt and equity securities is 
restricted under limitations imposed by the charter and the Mortgage and Deed 
of Trust of Western Resources (formerly KPL) and KGE.

   Western Resources' mortgage prohibits additional Western Resources first
mortgage bonds from being issued (except in connection with certain refundings)

unless the company's net earnings available for interest, depreciation and
property retirement for a period of 12 consecutive months within 15 months
preceding the issuance are not less than the greater of twice the annual 
interest charges on, or 10% of the principal amount of, all first mortgage bonds
outstanding after giving effect to the proposed issuance.  Based on the 
company's results for the 12 months ended December 31, 1996,
approximately $772 million principal amount of additional1997, no first mortgage 
bonds could be issued (7.75%(7.25% interest rate assumed).

   Western ResourcesResources' bonds may be issued, subject to the restrictions in the
preceding paragraph, on the basis of property additions not subject to an
unfunded prior lien and on the basis of bonds which have been retired.  As of
December 31, 1996,1997, the company had approximately $1.0 billion$25 million of net bondable
property additions not subject to an unfunded prior lien entitling the company 
to issue up to $618$135 million principal amount of additional bonds.  As of 
December 31, 1996, $3 million in1997, no first mortgage bonds could be issued on the basis of 
retired bonds.

   KGE's mortgage prohibits additional KGE first mortgage bonds from being
issued (except in connection with certain refundings) unless KGE's net earnings
before income taxes and before provision for retirement and depreciation of
property for a period of 12 consecutive months within 15 months preceding the
issuance are not less than two and one-half times the annual interest charges 
on, or 10% of the principal amount of, all KGE first mortgage bonds 
outstanding after giving effect to the proposed issuance.  Based on KGE's 
results for the 12 months ended December 31, 1996,1997, approximately $1.0 billion$935 million 
principal amount of additional KGE first mortgage bonds could be issued 
(7.75%(7.25% interest rate assumed).

   KGEKGE's bonds may be issued, subject to the restrictions in the preceding
paragraph, on the basis of property additions not subject to an unfunded prior
lien and on the basis of bonds which have been retired.  As of December 31, 
1996,1997, KGE had approximately $1.4 billion of net bondable property additions not 
subject to an unfunded prior lien entitling KGE to issue up to $950$961 million 
principal amount of additional KGE bonds.  As of December 31, 1996,1997, $17 
million in additional bonds could be issued on the basis of retired bonds.

   The most restrictive provision of the company's charter permits the issuance
of additional shares of preferred stock without certain specified preferred
stockholder approval only if, for a period of 12 consecutive months within 15
months preceding the issuance, net earnings available for payment of interest
exceed one and one-half times the sum of annual interest requirements plus
dividend requirements on preferred stock after giving effect to the proposed
issuance.  After giving effect to the annual interest and dividend requirements
on all debt and preferred stock outstanding at December 31, 1996,1997, such ratio 
was 1.964.17 for the 12 months ended December 31, 1996.1997.

   KCPL has outstanding first mortgage bonds (the "KCPL Bonds") which are
secured by a lien on substantially all of KCPL's fixed property and franchises
purported to be conveyed by the General Mortgage Indenture and Deed of Trust and
the various Supplemental Indentures creating the KCPL Bonds (collectively, the
"KCPL Mortgage").  IfIn the event KCPL and the company consummates its planned merger with KCPL,
the company, as the successor corporation to such merger, would be required
pursuant to the terms ofcombine, the KCPL Mortgage to confirm the liens thereunder and
to keep the mortgaged property with respect thereto as far as practicable
identifiable.  In the absence of an express grant, however,mortgage
will have a prior lien on the KCPL Mortgage
will not constitute or become a lien on any property or franchises owned by
the company prior to such merger or on any property or franchises which may be
purchased, constructed or otherwise acquired by the company except for such as
form an integral part of the mortgage property under the KCPL Mortgage.  Upon
consummation of the KCPL Merger, the after-acquired property clauses of the
company's mortgage would cause the lien of the Mortgage to attach (But in a
subordinate position to the prior lien of the KCPL Mortgage) to the property
of KCPL at the date of combination.and franchises.



REGULATION AND RATES

   The company is subject as an operating electric utility to the jurisdiction
of the KCC and as a natural gas utility to the jurisdiction of
the KCC and theKansas Corporation Commission of the State of Oklahoma (OCC),(KCC) which havehas general regulatory 
authority over the company's rates, extensions and abandonments of service and 
facilities, valuation of property, the classification of accounts and various 
other matters.  The company is subject to the jurisdiction of the FERC and KCC 
with respect to the issuance of securities.  

   There is no state regulatory bodyElectric fuel costs are included in Oklahoma having jurisdiction overbase rates.  Therefore, if the issuancecompany
wished to recover an increase in fuel costs, it would have to file a request for
recovery in a rate filing with the KCC which could be denied in whole or in 
part.  Any increase in fuel costs from the projected average which the company 
did not recover through rates would reduce its earnings.  The degree of the company's securities.any such
impact would be affected by a variety of factors, however, and thus cannot be 
predicted.

   The company is exempt as a public utility holding company pursuant to Section
3(a)(1) of the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 from all provisions of
that Act, except Section 9(a)(2).  Additionally, the company is subject to the
jurisdiction of the FERC, including jurisdiction as to rates with respect to
sales of electricity for resale.  The company is not engaged
in the interstate transmission or sale of natural gas which would subject it
to the regulatory provisions of the Natural Gas Act.  KGE is also subject to the jurisdiction of the
Nuclear Regulatory Commission as to nuclear plant operations and safety.

   Additional information with respect to Rate Matters and Regulation as set
forth in Note 98 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements is included 
herein.


EMPLOYEE RELATIONS

   As of December 31, 1996,1997, the company had 5,9602,412 employees.  The company did
not experience any strikes or work stoppages during 1996.1997.  The company's current
contract with the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers extends 
through June 30, 1997 and is currently being negotiated.1999.  The contract covers approximately 1,9331,483 employees. 
The company has contracts 
with three gas unions representing approximately 586 employees.  These 
contracts were negotiated in 1996 and will expire June 4, 1998.  Upon 
consummation of the strategic alliance with ONEOK, approximately 1,500 company 
employees will be transferred to New ONEOK.



EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY                                       
                                                              Other Offices or Positions
Name                  Age      Present Office                 Held During Past Five Years

John E. Hayes, Jr.     5960      Chairman of the Board          President 
                                 and Chief Executive   
                                 Officer            

David C. Wittig        4142      President                      Executive Vice President,
                                 (since March 1996)             Corporate Strategy
                                                                (since         
   
                                                                May 1995)(May 1995 to March 1996)

                                                              Salomon Brothers Inc -
                                                                Managing Director, Co-Head of     
 
                                                                Mergers and Acquisitions

Norman E. Jackson      5960      Executive Vice President,      Executive Vice President, 
                                 Electric Operations            Electric Transmission and 
                                 (since November 1996)          Engineering Services
                                                                (May 1995 to November 1996)

                                                              Executive Vice President,
                                                                Electric Engineering and Field
                                                                Operations (1992 to 1995)
 
Steven L. Kitchen      5152      Executive Vice President                                        
                                 and Chief Financial                          
                                 Officer                   

Carl M. Koupal, Jr.    4344      Executive Vice President       Executive Vice President 
                                 and Chief Administrative       Corporate Communications,
                                 Officer (since July 1995)      Marketing, and Economic Development
                                                                (January 1995 to July 1995)

                                                             Vice President, Corporate Marketing,And Economic Development, (1992 to
                                                                1994)
                                                                                        
              
Director, Economic Development,     
                                                                (1985 to 1992) Jefferson City,    
                                                                Missouri
                                                                                   
John K. Rosenberg      5152      Executive Vice President
                                 and General Counsel                                              
              
Jerry D. Courington    5152      Controller


Executive officers serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.  There are
no family relationships among any of the executive officers, nor any 
arrangements or understandings between any executive officer and other persons 
pursuant to which he was appointed as an executive officer.
Executive officers serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. There are no family relationships among any of the officers, nor any arrangements or understandings between any officer and other persons pursuant to which he was appointed as an officer. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES The company owns or leases and operates an electric generation, transmission, and distribution system in Kansas, a natural gas integrated storage, gathering, transmission and distribution system in Kansas, and a natural gas distribution system in Kansas and Oklahoma. During the five years ended December 31, 1996, the company's gross property additions totaled $1,109,037,000 and retirements were $238,434,000.Kansas. ELECTRIC FACILITIES Unit Year Principal Unit Capacity Name No. Installed Fuel (MW) (1) Abilene Energy Center: Combustion Turbine 1 1973 Gas 66 Gordon Evans Energy Center: Steam Turbines 1 1961 Gas--Oil 152 2 1967 Gas--Oil 382 Hutchinson Energy Center: Steam Turbines 1 1950 Gas 1816 2 1950 Gas 17 3 1951 Gas 2826 4 1965 Gas 197 Combustion Turbines 1 1974 Gas 5150 2 1974 Gas 49 3 1974 Gas 5452 4 1975 Diesel 78 Diesel Generator 1 1983 Diesel 3 Jeffrey Energy Center (84%)(2): Steam Turbines 1 1978 Coal 616617 2 1980 Coal 617 3 1983 Coal 591605 La Cygne Station (50%)(2): Steam Turbines 1 1973 Coal 343 2 1977 Coal 335334 Lawrence Energy Center: Steam Turbines 2 1952 Gas 0 (3) 3 1954 Coal 58 4 1960 Coal 115 5 1971 Coal 384 Murray Gill Energy Center: Steam Turbines 1 1952 Gas--Oil 4644 2 1954 Gas--Oil 74 3 1956 Gas--Oil 107 4 1959 Gas--Oil 106 Unit Year Principal Unit Capacity Name No. Installed Fuel (MW) (1) Neosho Energy Center: Steam Turbines 3 1954 Gas--Oil 0 (3) Tecumseh Energy Center: Steam Turbines 7 1957 Coal 8885 8 1962 Coal 148153 Combustion Turbines 1 1972 Gas 19 2 1972 Gas 20 Wichita Plant: Diesel Generator 5 1969 Diesel 3 Wolf Creek Generating Station (47%)(2): Nuclear 1 1985 Uranium 547 Total 5,3125,319 (1) Based on MOKAN rating. (2) The company jointly owns Jeffrey Energy Center (84%), La Cygne Station (50%) and Wolf Creek Generating Station (47%). (3) These units have been "mothballed" for future use. NATURAL GAS COMPRESSOR STATIONS AND STORAGE FACILITIES Under the agreement for the proposed strategic alliance with ONEOK, the company will contribute its natural gas business to New ONEOK in exchange for a 45% equity interest. See Note 2 for further information. The company's transmission and storage facility compressor stations, all located in Kansas, as of December 31, 1996, are as follows: Mfr Ratings of MCF/Hr Capacity at Driving Type of Mfr hp 14.65 Psia Location Units Year Installed Fuel Ratings at 60 F Abilene . . . . . 4 1930 Gas 4,000 5,920 Bison . . . . . . 1 1951 Gas 440 316 Brehm Storage . . 2 1982 Gas 800 486 Calista . . . . . 3 1987 Gas 4,400 7,490 Hope. . . . . . . 1 1970 Electric 600 44 Hutchinson. . . . 2 1989 Gas 1,600 707 Manhattan . . . . 1 1963 Electric 250 313 Marysville. . . . 1 1964 Electric 250 202 McPherson . . . . 1 1972 Electric 3,000 7,040 Minneola. . . . . 5 1952 - 1978 Gas 9,650 14,018 Pratt . . . . . . 3 1963 - 1983 Gas 1,700 3,145 Spivey. . . . . . 4 1957 - 1964 Gas 7,200 1,368 Ulysses . . . . . 12 1949 - 1981 Gas 17,430 6,667 Yaggy Storage . . 3 1993 Electric 7,500 5,000 The company has contracted with the Market Center for underground storage of working storage capacity of 2.08 BCF. This contract enables the company to supply customers up to 85 million cubic feet per day of gas supply to meet winter peaking requirements. The company has contracted with WNG for additional underground storage in the Alden field in Kansas. The contract, expiring March 31, 1998, enables the company to supply customers with up to 75 million cubic feet per day of gas supply during winter peak periods. See Item I. Business, Gas Operations for proven recoverable gas reserve information. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS The company has requested that the District Court for the Southern District of Florida require that ADT hold a special shareowners meeting no later than March 20, 1997. In its filing, the company claims that the ADT board of directors has breached its fiduciary and statutory duties and that there is no reason to delay the special meeting until JulyOn January 8, 1997, as established by ADT. See Note 3 for additional information regarding the proposed acquisition of ADT. On December 26, 1996, an ADT shareownerInnovative Business Systems, Ltd. (IBS) filed a purported class action complaintsuit against ADT, ADT's board of directors, the company and the company's wholly-owned subsidiary, Westar Capital in the Civil Division of the Circuit Court of the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit in Palm Beach County, Florida. (Charles Gachot v. ADT, Ltd.Westinghouse Electric Corporation (WEC), Western Resources,Westinghouse Security Systems, Inc., Westar Capital, Inc., Michael A. Ashcroft, et al., Case No. 96-10912-AN) The complaint alleges, among other things, that the company (WSS) and Westar Capital are breaching their fiduciary duties to ADT's shareowners by failing to offer "an appropriate premium for the controlling interest" in ADT and by holding "an effective blocking position" that prevents independent parties from bidding for ADT. The complaint seeks preliminary and permanent relief enjoining the company from acquiring the outstanding shares of ADT and unspecified damages. The company believes it has good and valid defenses to the claims asserted and does not anticipate any material adverse effect upon its overall financial condition or results of operations. Subject to the approval of the KCC, the company entered into five new gas supply contracts with certain entities affiliated with The Bishop Group, Ltd. (Bishop entities) which are currently regulated by the KCC. A contested hearing was held for the approval of those contracts. While the case was under consideration by the KCC, the FERC issued an order under which it extended jurisdiction over the Bishop entities. On November 3, 1995, the KCC stayed its consideration of the contracts between the company and the Bishop entities until the FERC takes final appealable action on its assertion of jurisdiction over the Bishop entities. On June 28, 1996, the KCC issued its order by dismissing the company's application for approval of the contracts and of recovery of the related costs from its customers. The company appealed this ruling and on January 24, 1997, the Kansas Court of Appeals reversed the KCC order and upheld the contracts and the company's recovery of related costs from its customers were approved by operation of law. On November 27, 1996, the KCC issued a Suspension Order and on December 3, 1996, an order was issued which suspended, subject to refund, costs related to purchases from Kansas Pipeline Partnership included in the company's cost of gas rider (COGR). On December 12, 1996, the company filed a Petition for Reconsideration or For More Definite Statement by Staff of the Issues to be addressed in this Docket. On March 3, 1997, the Staff issued a More Definite Statement specifying which charges from KPP it asserts are inappropriate for inclusion in the company's COGR. The company responded to the More Definite Statement stating that it does not believe any of the charges from KPP should be disallowed from its COGR. The company does not expect this proceeding to have a material adverse effect on its results of operations. As part of the acquisition of WSS on December 31, 1996, WSS assigned to WestSec, Inc. (WestSec), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Westar Capitalthe company established to acquire the assets of WSS, a software license with Innovative Business Systems (IBS) which is integral to the operation of its security business. On January 8, 1997, IBS filed litigation in Dallas County, Texas district court (Cause No 97-00184) alleging, among other things, breach of contract by WEC and interference with contract against the company in connection with the 298th Judicial District Court concerning the assignmentsale by WEC of the licenseassets of WSS to WestSec, (Innovative Business Systems (Overseas) Ltd.,the company. IBS claims that WEC improperly transferred software owned by IBS to the company and Innovative Business Software, Inc. v. Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Westinghouse Security Systems, Inc., WestSec, Inc., Western Resources, Inc., et al., Cause No. 97-00184).that the company is not entitled to its use. The company and Westar Capital havehas demanded Westinghouse Electric CorporationWEC defend and indemnify them. While the loss of use of the license may have a material impact on the operations of WestSec, management ofit. WEC and the company currentlyhave denied IBS' allegations and are vigorously defending against them. Management does not believe that the ultimate disposition of this matter will have a material adverse effect upon the company's overall financial condition or results of operationsoperations. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has commenced a private investigation relating, among other things, to the timeliness and adequacy of disclosure filings with the SEC by the company with respect to securities of ADT Ltd. The company is cooperating with the SEC staff in the production of records relating to the investigation. Additional information on legal proceedings involving the company is set forth in Notes 7, 8, and 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein. See also Item 1. Business, Environmental Matters, and Regulation and Rates.Rates and Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS No matter was submitted during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report to a vote of the company's security holders, through the solicitation of proxies or otherwise. PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS Stock Trading Western Resources common stock, which is traded under the ticker symbol WR, is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. As of March 3, 1997,17, 1998, there were 62,84058,669 common shareholders of record. For information regarding quarterly common stock price ranges for 19961997 and 1995,1996, see Note 2021 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein. Dividends Western Resources common stock is entitled to dividends when and as declared by the Board of Directors. At December 31, 1996,1997, the company's retained earnings were restricted by $857,600 against the payment of dividends on common stock. However, prior to the payment of common dividends, dividends must be first paid to the holders of preferred stock and second to the holders of preference stock based on the fixed dividend rate for each series. Dividends have been paid on the company's common stock throughout the company's history. Quarterly dividends on common stock normally are paid on or about the first of January, April, July, and October to shareholders of record as of or about the third day of the preceding month. Dividends increased four cents per common share in 19961997 to $2.06$2.10 per share. In January 1997,1998, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of 5253 1/2 cents per common share, an increase of one cent over the previous quarter. The payment of dividends is at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Future dividends depend upon such matters as future earnings, expectations and the financial condition of the company and other factors.company. For information regarding quarterly dividend declarations for 19961997 and 1995,1996, see Note 2021 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein. See also Item 7. Management's Discussion and Anaylsis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Year Ended December 31, 1997(1)(2) 1996 1995 1994(1)1994(3) 1993 1992(2)(Dollars in Thousands) (Dollars in Thousands) Income Statement Data: Operating revenues: Electric . . . . . .. . . . $1,197,433 $1,145,895 $1,121,781 $1,104,537 $ 882,885 Natural gasSales: Energy. . . . . . . . 849,386 597,405 642,988 923,874 756,537 Total operating revenues . . 2,046,819 1,743,300 1,764,769 2,028,411 1,639,422 Operating expenses . . . . . 1,742,826 1,464,591 1,489,719 1,736,051 1,399,701 Allowance for funds used during construction$1,999,418 $2,038,281 $1,743,930 $1,764,769 $2,028,411 Security. . . . . . . . 3,225 4,227 2,667 2,631 2,002. . 152,347 8,546 344 - - Total sales. . . . . . . . . 2,151,765 2,046,827 1,744,274 1,764,769 2,028,411 Income from operations. . . . 142,925 388,553 373,721 370,672 370,338 Net income . . . . . . . . . 494,094 168,950 181,676 187,447 177,370 127,884 Earnings applicable toavailable for common stock. . . . . . . . . . . 489,175 154,111 168,257 174,029 163,864 115,133 December 31, 1997(2) 1996 1995 1994(1)1994(3) 1993 1992(2) (Dollars in Thousands) Balance Sheet Data: Gross plant in service . . . $6,370,586 $6,128,527 $5,963,366 $6,222,483 $6,033,023 Construction work in progress 93,834 100,401 85,290 80,192 68,041 Total assetsassets. . . . . . . . . 6,647,781 5,490,677 5,371,029 5,412,048 5,438,906$6,976,960 $6,647,781 $5,490,677 $5,371,029 $5,412,048 Long-term debt, preference stock, and other mandatorily redeemable securitiessecurities. . .. . . 2,451,855 1,951,583 1,641,263 1,507,028 1,673,988 2,077,459 Year Ended December 31, 1997 1996 1995 1994(1)1994(3) 1993 1992(2) Common Stock Data: EarningsBasic earnings per share . . . . . . .$ 7.51 $ 2.41 $ 2.71 $ 2.82 $ 2.76 $ 2.20 Dividends per share. . . . . . . . $ 2.10 $ 2.06 $ 2.02 $ 1.98 $ 1.94 $ 1.90 Book value per share . . . . . . . $30.79 $25.14 $24.71 $23.93 $23.08 $21.51 Average shares outstanding(000's) 65,128 63,834 62,157 61,618 59,294 52,272 Interest coverage ratio (before income taxes, including AFUDC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.52 2.67 3.14 3.42 2.79 2.27 Ratio(1) Information reflects the gain on the sale of EarningsTyco common shares. (2) Information reflects the contribution of the natural gas business to Fixed Charges 2.16 2.41 2.65 2.36 2.02 Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred and Preference Dividend Requirements . . . . . . . . . 1.96 2.18 2.37 2.14 1.84 (1)ONEOK on November 30, 1997. (3) Information reflects the sales of the Missouri Properties (Note 19). (2) Information reflects the merger with KGE on March 31, 1992.Properties.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS INTRODUCTION In Management's Discussion and Analysis we explain the general financial condition and the operating results for Western Resources, Inc. and its subsidiaries. We explain: - What factors impact our business - What our earnings and costs were in 1997 and 1996 - Why these earnings and costs differed from year to year - How our earnings and costs affect our overall financial condition - What our capital expenditures were for 1997 - What we expect our capital expenditures to be for the years 1998 through 2000 - How we plan to pay for these future capital expenditures - Any other items that particularly affect our financial condition or earnings As you read Management's Discussion and Analysis, please refer to our Consolidated Statements of Income on page 41. These statements show our operating results for 1997, 1996 and 1995. In Management's Discussion and Analysis, we analyze and explain the significant annual changes of specific line items in the Consolidated Statements of Income. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS: Certain matters discussed here and elsewhere in this Annual Report are "forward-looking statements." The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 has established that these statements qualify for safe harbors from liability. Forward-looking statements may include words like we "believe," "anticipate," "expect" or words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements describe our future plans, objectives, expectations or goals. Such statements address future events and conditions concerning capital expenditures, earnings, litigation, rate and other regulatory matters, possible corporate restructurings, mergers, acquisitions, dispositions liquidity and capital resources, interest and dividend rates, environmental matters, changing weather, nuclear operations and accounting matters. What happens in each case could vary materially from what we expect because of such things as electric utility deregulation, including ongoing state and federal activities; future economic conditions; legislative developments; our regulatory and competitive markets; and other circumstances affecting anticipated operations, revenues and costs. 1997 HIGHLIGHTS GAIN ON SALE OF EQUITY SECURITIES: During the third quarter of 1997, we sold all of our Tyco International Ltd. (Tyco) common shares for approximately $1.5 billion. We recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately $864 million on the sale which is included in "Other Income" on the Consolidated Statements of Income. We recorded tax expense of approximately $345 million in connection with this gain. The tax on the gain is included in "Income Taxes" on the Consolidated Statements of Income. As discussed further in "Financial Condition" below, this significantly affected our financial results for 1997 (see Note 2). PURCHASE OF PROTECTION ONE, INC.: On July 30, 1997, we agreed to combine our security alarm monitoring business with Protection One, Inc. (Protection One), a publicly held security alarm monitoring provider. On November 24, 1997, we completed the transaction by contributing approximately $532 million in security alarm monitoring business net assets and approximately $258 million in cash. The cash contributed included funds used for a special dividend of $7.00 per common share to Protection One shareowners, option holders and warrant holders other than Western Resources. In exchange for our net security alarm monitoring business assets and cash, we received 82.4% ownership in Protection One. We entered the security alarm monitoring business to make our company more diverse and to achieve growth. In December 1997, Protection One recorded a special non-recurring charge of approximately $40 million. Approximately $28 million of this charge reflects the elimination of redundant facilities and activities and the write-off of inventory and other assets which are no longer of continuing value to Protection One. The remaining $12 million of this charge reflects the estimated costs to transition all security alarm monitoring operations to the Protection One brand. Protection One intends to complete these activities by the fourth quarter of 1998. STRATEGIC ALLIANCE WITH ONEOK INC.: On December 12, 1996, we agreed to form a strategic alliance with ONEOK Inc. (ONEOK) to combine the natural gas assets of both companies. In November 1997, we completed this strategic alliance. We contributed substantially all of our regulated and non-regulated natural gas business net assets totaling approximately $594 million to a new company which merged with ONEOK and adopted the name ONEOK. ONEOK operates its natural gas business in Kansas using the name Kansas Gas Service Company. In exchange for our contribution, we received a 45% ownership interest in ONEOK. The structure of the strategic alliance had no immediate income tax consequences to our company or our shareowners. Our 45% ownership interest in ONEOK is comprised of 3.1 million common shares and approximately 19.9 million convertible preferred shares. If we converted all the preferred shares, we would own approximately 45% of ONEOK's common shares presently outstanding. Our agreement with ONEOK allowed us to appoint two members to ONEOK's board of directors. ONEOK currently pays a common dividend of $1.20 per share. The initial annual dividend rate on the convertible preferred shares is $1.80 per share. MERGER AGREEMENT WITH KANSAS CITY POWER & LIGHT COMPANY: On February 7, 1997, we entered into a merger agreement with Kansas City Power & Light Company (KCPL). The merger agreement contemplated a tax-free, stock for stock exchange valued at approximately $2 billion or $32 in value for each common share of KCPL. In December 1997, representatives of our financial advisor indicated that they believed it was unlikely that they would be in a position to issue a required fairness opinion for the merger on the basis of the previously announced terms. We canceled our shareowner meeting scheduled for January 21, 1998 to approve the merger. KCPL canceled a similar meeting for its shareowners. We and KCPL have met to discuss alternative terms of a potential merger. We cannot predict the timing or the ultimate outcome of these discussions. On January 13, 1998, the Kansas Corporation Commission (KCC) issued an order suspending the merger proceedings and waived an eight-month time requirement to approve the merger. On January 26, 1998, the Missouri Public Service Commission (MPSC) issued an order suspending the merger proceedings. We and KCPL have agreed to these suspensions. On January 9, 1998, we asked the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to hold the docket on our proposed merger in abeyance until April 10, 1998, at which time we will advise the FERC whether to continue to hold the docket in abeyance or that a new agreement has been reached with KCPL. As of December 31, 1997, we had spent and deferred on the Consolidated Balance Sheet approximately $53 million in our efforts to acquire KCPL. We had planned to expense these costs in the first period following the merger. Given the status of the KCPL transaction, we have reviewed the deferred costs and have determined that for accounting purposes, $48 million of the deferred costs should be expensed. We recorded a special non-recurring charge of $29 million after taxes, or $0.44 per share in December 1997, to expense the costs that were incurred solely as a result of the original merger agreement. At December 31, 1997, we had deferred approximately $5 million related to the KCPL transaction currently being negotiated. See "Financial Condition" below and Note 5. OTHER SECURITY ALARM MONITORING BUSINESS PURCHASES: We acquired Network Multi-Family Security Corporation (Network Multi-Family), a security alarm monitoring provider for multi-unit dwellings based in Dallas, Texas, for approximately $171 million in cash in September 1997. On February 4, 1998, Protection One exercised its option to acquire the stock of Network Holdings, Inc., the parent company of Network Multi-Family, from us for approximately $178 million. We expect this transaction to occur in the first quarter of 1998. We expect Protection One to borrow money from a revolving credit agreement provided by Westar Capital, a subsidiary of Western Resources, to purchase Network Multi-Family. In November 1997, we acquired Centennial Security Holdings, Inc. (Centennial) for approximately $94 million in cash. Centennial is based in Madison, New Jersey and provides security alarm monitoring services to more than 50,000 customers in Ohio, Michigan, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania. We contributed our Centennial security alarm monitoring business to Protection One on November 24, 1997. In March 1998, Protection One acquired the subscribers and assets of Wichita, Kansas-based Multimedia Security Services, Inc. Multimedia Security Services, Inc. has approximately 140,000 subscribers concentrated primarily in California, Florida, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas. We expect Protection One to borrow money from a revolving credit agreement provided by Westar Capital to complete this transaction. OTHER INVESTMENTS: In December 1997, we invested $28 million to acquire an interest in two 55-megawatt power plants in the People's Republic of China. We invested approximately $3 million in power projects in the Republic of Turkey and Colombia in 1997 (see Note 7). We also invested in other miscellaneous investments. ELECTRIC RATE DECREASE: On May 23, 1996, we reduced our electric rates to Kansas Gas and Electric Company (KGE) customers by $8.7 million annually on an interim basis. On October 22, 1996, the KCC Staff, the City of Wichita, the Citizens Utility Ratepayer Board and we filed an agreement asking the KCC to reduce our retail electric rates. The KCC approved this agreement on January 15, 1997. Per the agreement: - We made permanent the May 1996 interim $8.7 million decrease in KGE rates on February 1, 1997 - We reduced KGE's rates by $36 million annually on February 1, 1997 - We reduced KPL's rates by $10 million annually on February 1, 1997 - We rebated $5 million to all of our electric customers in January 1998 - We will reduce KGE's rates by $10 million more annually on June 1, 1998 - We will rebate $5 million to all of our electric customers in January 1999 - We will reduce KGE's rates by $10 million more annually on June 1, 1999 All rate decreases are cumulative. Rebates are one-time events and do not influence future rates. See "Financial Condition" below and Note 8. FINANCIAL CONDITION GENERAL:1997 compared to 1996: Earnings were $2.41increased to $489 million for 1997 from $154 million for 1996, an improvement of 218%. Basic earnings per share rose to $7.51 for 1997 compared to $2.41 for 1996, an increase of 212%. Basic earnings per share is calculated based upon the average weighted number of common shares outstanding during the period. There were no significant amounts of dilutive securities outstanding at December 31, 1997 or 1996. Four factors primarily affected 1997 earnings and basic earnings per share compared to 1996: - The gain on the sale of the Tyco common stock increased earnings before taxes by $864 million and basic earnings per share by $7.97 - The write-off of approximately $48 million in costs related to the KCPL Merger decreased basic earnings per share by $0.44 - The operating results and special one-time charges from our first full year of security alarm monitoring business reduced 1997 earnings by $47 million and basic earnings per share by $0.72 - Our reduced electric rates implemented on February 1, 1997 decreased revenues by $46 million and basic earnings per share by $0.42 Dividends declared for 1997 increased four cents per common share to $2.10 per share. On January 29, 1998, the Board of Directors declared a dividend of 53 1/2 cents per common share for the first quarter of 1998, an increase of one cent from the previous quarter. Our book value per common share was $30.79 at December 31, 1997, compared to $25.14 at December 31, 1996. The 1997 closing stock price of $43.00 was 140% of book value and 39% higher than the closing price of $30.875 on December 31, 1996. Book value is the total common stock equity divided by the common shares outstanding at December 31. There were 65,409,603 common shares outstanding at December 31, 1997. 1996 compared to 1995: Basic earnings per share were $2.41 based on 63,833,783 average common shares for 1996, a decrease from $2.71 in 1995 on 62,157,125 average common shares.1995. Net income for 1996 decreased to $169.0$169 million compared to $181.7 million in 1995.from $182 million. The decrease in net income andbasic earnings per share and net income is primarily due to the impact of an $11.8 million or $0.19 per share charge, net of tax, attributable to one-time restructuring and other charges recorded by ADT Limited (ADT). Abnormally cool summer weather during the third quarter of 1996 and the $8.7 million electric rate decrease to KGE customers also lowered earnings. OPERATING RESULTS In our "1997 Highlights", we discussed five factors that most significantly changed our operating results for 1997 compared to 1996. The following explains significant changes from prior year results in which the company owns approximately 27%revenues, cost of sales, operating expenses, other income (expense), interest expense, income taxes and preferred and preference dividends. After 1997, because of the ONEOK alliance, we will no longer separately report natural gas operations financial information in our financial statements, or in our Management's Discussion and Analysis. Also, we had minimal security alarm monitoring business operations in 1995 and, therefore, we do not discuss variations relating to it between 1996 and 1995. SALES: Energy revenues include electric revenues, power marketing revenues, natural gas revenues and other insignificant energy-related revenues. Certain state regulatory commissions and the FERC authorize rates for our electric revenues. Our energy revenues vary with levels of sales volume. Changing weather affects the amount of energy our customers use. Very hot summers and very cold winters prompt more demand, especially among our residential customers. Mild weather reduces demand. Many things will affect our future energy sales. They include: - The weather - Our electric rates - Competitive forces - Customer conservation efforts - Wholesale demand - The overall economy of our service area 1997 compared to 1996: Electric revenues increased three percent because of revenues of $70 million from the expansion of power marketing activity in 1997. Our involvement in electric power marketing anticipates a deregulated electric utility industry. We are involved in both the marketing of electricity and risk management services to wholesale electric customers and the purchase of electricity for our retail customers. Our margin from power marketing activity is significantly less than our margins on other energy sales. Our power marketing activity has resulted in energy purchases and sales made in areas outside of our historical marketing territory. In 1997, this additional power marketing activity had an insignificant effect on operating income. Higher electric revenues from power marketing were offset by our reduced electric rates implemented February 1, 1997. Reduced electric rates lowered 1997 revenues by an estimated $46 million compared to 1996. The rate decreases we have agreed to make will impact future revenues. Natural gas revenues decreased $58 million or seven percent in 1997 compared to 1996 because we transferred our net natural gas business assets to ONEOK as of November 30, 1997 and we had warmer than normal weather in the first quarter of 1997. In December 1997, we began reporting investment income for ONEOK based upon our common stock. Abnormallyand preferred equity interests. Security alarm monitoring business revenues increased $144 million from our minimal 1996 security alarm monitoring business revenues. This increase is because of our December 31, 1996, purchase of the net assets of Westinghouse Security Systems, Inc. (Westinghouse Security Systems) and our acquisition on November 24, 1997, of 82.4% of Protection One. As a result, we have included a full year of operating results from Westinghouse Security Systems and one month of operating results from Protection One. See "1997 Highlights" above and Note 3. 1996 compared to 1995: Electric revenues were five percent higher in 1996 compared to 1995. Our service territory experienced colder winter and warmer spring temperatures during the first six months of 1996 compared to 1995, which yielded higher sales in the residential and commercial customer classes. We experienced a 17% increase in heating degree days during the first quarter of 1996 and had double the cooling degree days during the second quarter of 1996 compared to the same periods in 1995. Partially offsetting the increase in electric revenues was abnormally cool summer weather during the third quarter of 1996 compared to 1995 and thea KCC-ordered electric rate decrease of $8.7 million electric rate reductionfor KGE customers (see Note 8). Colder winter temperatures, higher natural gas costs passed on to Kansas Gascustomers as permitted by the KCC and Electric Company (KGE) customers implementedmore as-available natural gas sales increased regulated natural gas revenues 29% for 1996 as compared to 1995. The natural gas revenue increase approved by the KCC on July 11, 1996, raised regulated natural gas revenues $14 million for the last six months of 1996. COST OF SALES: Items included in energy cost of sales are fuel expense, purchased power expense (electricity we purchase from others for resale), power marketing expense and natural gas purchased. Items included in security alarm monitoring cost of sales are the cost of direct monitoring and the cost of installing security monitoring equipment that is not capitalized. 1997 compared to 1996: Energy business cost of sales was $49 million or six percent higher. Our power marketing activity in 1997 increased energy cost of sales by $70 million. Actual cost of fuel to generate electricity (coal, nuclear fuel, natural gas or oil) and the amount of power purchased from other utilities were $14 million higher in 1997 than in 1996. Our Wolf Creek nuclear generating station was off-line in the fourth quarter of 1997 for scheduled maintenance and our La Cygne coal generation station was off-line during 1997 for an interim basisextended maintenance outage. As a result, we burned more natural gas to generate electricity at our facilities. Natural gas is more costly to burn than coal and nuclear fuel for generating electricity. Railroad transportation limitations prevented scheduled fuel deliveries, reducing our coal inventories. To compensate for low coal inventories, we purchased more power from other utilities and burned more expensive natural gas to meet our energy requirements. We also purchased more power from other utilities because our Wolf Creek and La Cygne generating stations were not generating electricity for parts of 1997. Due to the contribution of our natural gas business to ONEOK, our natural gas cost of sales decreased $24 million. We will no longer reflect such costs in our financial statements. The security alarm monitoring cost of sales increased $35 million. The increase is a result of the purchase of the assets of Westinghouse Security Systems on May 23,December 31, 1996, and made permanentour acquisition on January 15, 1997 also adversely affected earnings. Dividends for 1996 increased four cents per common share to $2.06 per share. On JanuaryNovember 24, 1997, the Board of Directors declared a dividend82.4% of 52 1/2 cents per common share forProtection One. 1996 compared to 1995: Energy business cost of sales was $220 million higher in 1996 than 1995. We purchased more power from other utilities because our Wolf Creek nuclear generating station was off-line in the first quarter of 1996 for a planned refueling outage. Higher net generation due to warmer weather and higher customer demand for air conditioning during the second quarter of 1996 also contributed to the higher fuel and purchased power expenses. Security alarm monitoring cost of sales increased $4 million due to the purchases of several small security alarm monitoring companies. OPERATING EXPENSES OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE EXPENSE: Operating and maintenance expense increased slightly from 1996 to 1997. Operating and maintenance expense increased $23 million or six percent from 1995 to 1996 due to expenses associated with our regulated natural gas transmission service provider, Mid Continent Market Center. DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION EXPENSE: The amortization of capitalized security alarm monitoring accounts and goodwill for our security alarm monitoring business increased our depreciation and amortization expense approximately $41 million for 1997 anversus 1996. A full year of amortization of the acquisition adjustment for the 1992 acquisition of KGE increased our depreciation and amortization expense for 1996 compared to 1995 by approximately $14 million. SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE: Selling, general and administrative expense has increased $113 million from 1996 to 1997. Higher employee benefit costs of approximately $30 million and higher security alarm monitoring business selling, general and administrative expense of approximately $83 million caused this increase. The security alarm monitoring business increase is because of one cent over the previous quarter. The book value per share was $25.14 atour December 31, 1996, purchase of the assets of Westinghouse Security Systems and our acquisition on November 24, 1997, of 82.4% of Protection One. OTHER: We recorded a special non-recurring charge in December 1997 to expense $48 million of deferred KCPL Merger costs. Protection One recorded a special non-recurring charge of approximately $40 million in December 1997, to reflect the phase out of certain business activities which are no longer of continuing value to Protection One, to eliminate redundant facilities and activities and to bring all customers under the Protection One brand. OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE): Other income (expense) includes miscellaneous income and expenses not directly related to our operations. The gain on the sale of Tyco common stock increased other income $864 million for 1997 compared to $24.71 at December 31, 1995. The1996. Other income (expense) decreased slightly from 1995 to 1996. INTEREST EXPENSE: Interest expense includes the interest we paid on outstanding debt. We recognized $27 million more short-term debt interest in 1997 than in 1996. Average short-term debt balances were higher in 1997 than 1996 closing stock price of $30.875 was 123% of book value. There were 64,625,259 common shares outstanding at December 31, 1996. 1996 HIGHLIGHTS PROPOSED MERGER WITH KANSAS CITY POWER & LIGHT COMPANY: On April 14, 1996,because we used short-term debt to finance our investment in a letterADT and to Mr. A. Drue Jennings, Chairman ofpurchase the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of Kansas City Power & Light Company (KCPL), the company proposed an offer to merge with KCPL (KCPL Merger). On November 15, 1996, the company and KCPL announced that representatives of their respective boards and managements met to discuss the proposed merger transaction. On February 7, 1997, KCPL and the company entered into an agreement whereby KCPL would be merged with and into the company. The merger agreement provides for a tax-free, stock-for-stock transaction valued at approximately $2 billion. Under the terms of the agreement, KCPL shareowners will receive $32 of company common stock per KCPL share, subject to an exchange ratio collar of not less than 0.917 and no more than 1.100 common shares. Consummation of the KCPL Merger is subject to customary conditions including obtaining the approval of KCPL's and the company's shareowners and various regulatory agencies. The KCPL Merger, will create a company with more than two million security and energy customers, 9.5 billion in assets, $3.0 billion in annual revenues and more than 8,000 megawatts of electric generation resources. As a result of the merger agreement, the company terminated its exchange offer that had been effective since July 3, 1996. See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Notes) for more information regarding the proposed merger with KCPL. PROPOSED STRATEGIC ALLIANCE WITH ONEOK INC.: On December 12, 1996, the company and ONEOK Inc. (ONEOK) announced an agreement to form a strategic alliance combining the natural gas assets of both companies. Under the agreement for the proposed strategic alliance, the company will contribute its natural gas business to a new company (New ONEOK)Westinghouse Security Systems. Short-term debt interest expense declined in exchange for a 45% equity interest. The recorded net property value being contributed at December 31, 1996 is estimated at $600 million. No gain or loss is expected to be recorded as a result of the proposed transaction. The proposed transaction is subject to satisfaction of customary conditions, including approval by ONEOK shareowners and regulatory authorities. The company is working towards consummation of the transaction during the second half of 1997. The equity1997 after we used the proceeds from the sale of Tyco common stock and a long-term debt financing to reduce our short-term debt balance. From December 31, 1996, to December 31, 1997, our short-term debt balance decreased $744 million. From 1996 to 1997, interest would be comprisedrecorded on long-term debt increased $14 million or 13% due to the issuance of approximately 3.0$520 million common sharesin senior unsecured notes. We had $16 million more in interest expense on short-term and 19.3other debt in 1996 than in 1995 because we used short-term debt to finance our investment in ADT and we issued Western Resources obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities of subsidiary trusts. We also recognized $10 million convertible preferred shares. Upon consummation of the proposed alliance, the company will record its common equitymore long-term debt interest in New ONEOK's earnings using1996 compared to 1995 due to a higher revolving credit agreement balance. INCOME TAXES: Income taxes on the equity methodgain from the sale of accounting. EarningsTyco common stock increased total income tax expense by approximately $345 million for 1997 compared to 1996. Income taxes did not vary significantly from 1995 to 1996. PREFERRED AND PREFERENCE DIVIDENDS: We redeemed all of our 8.50% preference stock due 2016 on July 1, 1996; therefore, 1997 preferred and preference dividends were $10 million lower compared to 1996. Preferred and preference dividends varied slightly from 1995 to 1996. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES OVERVIEW: Most of our cash requirements consist of capital expenditures and maintenance costs associated with the convertible preferred shares held willelectric utility business, continued growth in the security alarm monitoring business, payment of common stock dividends and investments in foreign power projects. Our ability to attract necessary financial capital on reasonable terms is critical to our overall business plan. Historically, we have paid for acquisitions with cash on hand, or the issuance of stock or short-term debt. Our ability to provide the cash, stock or debt to fund our capital expenditures depends upon many things, including available resources, our financial condition and current market conditions. As of December 31, 1997, we had $77 million in cash and cash equivalents. We consider highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be recognizedcash equivalents. Our cash and recorded based upon preferred dividends paid. The convertible preferred shares are expected to pay an initial dividend rate of $1.80 per share. For its fiscal year ended Augustcash equivalents increased $73 million from December 31, 1996, ONEOK reported operating revenuesdue to cash held by Protection One. Other than operations, our primary source of $1.2 billion and net incomeshort-term cash is from short-term bank loans, unsecured lines of $52.8 million. The structure of the proposed alliance is not expected to have any immediate income tax consequences to either company or to either company's shareowners. See Note 6 for more information regarding this strategic alliance. PROPOSED ACQUISITION OF ADT LIMITED, INC.: During 1996, the company purchased approximately 38 million common shares of ADT Limited, Inc. (ADT) for approximately $589 million. The shares purchased represent approximately 27% of ADT's common equity making the company the largest shareowner of ADT. On December 18, 1996, the company announced its intention to offer to exchange $22.50 in cash ($7.50) and shares ($15.00) of the company's common stock for each outstanding common share of ADT not already owned by the company or its subsidiaries (ADT Offer). The value of the ADT Offer, assuming the company's average stock price prior to closing is above $29.75 per common share, is approximately $3.5 billion, including the company's existing investment in ADT. Following completion of the ADT Offer, the company presently intends to propose and seek to have ADT effect an amalgamation, pursuant to which a newly created subsidiary of the company incorporated under the laws of Bermuda will amalgamate with and into ADT (Amalgamation). Based upon the closing stock price of the company on March 13, 1997, approximately 60.1 million shares of company common stock would be issuable pursuant to the acquisition of ADT. However, the actual number of shares of company common stock that would be issuable in connection with the ADT Offercredit and the Amalgamation will depend onsale of commercial paper. At December 31, 1997, we had approximately $237 million of short-term debt outstanding, of which $76 million was commercial paper. An additional $773 million of short-term debt was available from committed credit arrangements. Other funds are available to us from the exchange ratio and the numbersale of shares validly tendered prior to the expiration date of the ADT Offer and the number of shares of ADT outstanding at the time the Amalgamation is completed. On March 3, 1997, the company announced a change in the ADT Offer. Under the terms of the revised ADT Offer, ADT shareowners would receive $10 cash plus 0.41494 of a share of company common stocksecurities we register for each share of ADT tendered, based on the closing price of the company's common stock on March 13, 1997. ADT shareowners would not, however, receive more than 0.42017 shares of company common stock for each ADT common share. Concurrent with the announcement of the ADT Offer on December 18, 1996, the company filed a registration statement on Form S-4sale with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) related. As of December 31, 1997, these included $30 million of Western Resources first mortgage bonds which may also be issued as unsecured senior notes at our option, $50 million of KGE first mortgage bonds and approximately 11 million Western Resources common shares. Our embedded cost of long-term debt was 7.5% at December 31, 1997, a drop of 0.1% from December 31, 1996. CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Cash provided by operations declined $355 million from 1996 primarily due to income taxes paid on the ADT Offer. On March 14,gain on the sale of Tyco stock. Individual items of working capital will vary with our normal business cycles and operations, including the timing of receipts and payments. Amortization of goodwill and subscriber accounts associated with the security alarm monitoring business increased, because security alarm monitoring operations were small during 1996. CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Cash used in investing activities varies with the timing of capital expenditures, acquisitions and investments. For 1997, the registration statement was declared effective by the SEC. The expiration datewe had positive net cash flow from investing activities because of the ADT Offer is 5 p.m., EDT, April 15,receipt of approximately $1.5 billion in proceeds on the sale of Tyco common stock. We had two significant investing activities during 1997 and may be extended from time to time bywhich partially offset the company until the various conditions to the ADT Offer have been satisfied or waived. The ADT Offer will be subject to the approval of ADT and company shareowners. On January 23, 1997, the waiting period for the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act expired. On February 7, 1997, the company received regulatory approvalproceeds from the KCCsale of the Tyco common stock. We invested $484 million to issue companyacquire security alarm monitoring companies and accounts. We also invested approximately $31 million in international power projects in the People's Republic of China, the Republic of Turkey and Colombia. CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: We paid off $275 million borrowed under a multi-year revolving credit agreement with short-term debt in the first quarter of 1997. In August 1997, we issued $520 million in convertible first mortgage bonds. We used the proceeds, after expenses, to reduce short-term debt. In November 1997, we converted the first mortgage bonds into unsecured senior notes having the same principal amount, interest rate and maturity date as the first mortgage bonds. This conversion satisfied mortgage requirements to retire bonds in order to release our natural gas properties from the mortgage and contribute them to ONEOK (see Note 15). We used a portion of the proceeds from the sale of Tyco common stock andto reduce short-term debt. In aggregate, our short-term debt necessary for the ADT Offer. On March 17, 1997, ADT announced that it had entered into a definitive merger agreement pursuant to which Tyco International Ltd. (Tyco), a diversified manufacturer of industrial and commercial products, would effectively acquire ADT in a stock for stock transaction valuedhas declined from $981 million at $5.6 billion, or approximately $29 per ADT share of common stock. ADT is engaged in the electronic security services business providing continuous monitoring of commercial and residential security systems for approximately 1.2 million customers in North America and abroad. On March 18, 1997, the company issued a press release indicating that it had mailed the details of the ADT Offer to ADT shareowners and that it would be reviewing the Tyco offer as well as considering its alternatives to such offer and assessing its rights as an ADT shareowner. See Note 3 for more information regarding this investment and the proposed ADT Offer. ACQUISITION OF WESTINGHOUSE SECURITY SYSTEMS, INC.: On December 31, 1996, the company purchased the assets and assumed certain liabilities comprising Westinghouse Security Systems, Inc. (WSS), a monitored security service provider with over 300,000 accounts in the United States. The company paid $358to $237 million in cash, subject to adjustment. As the acquisition was consummated on December 31, 1996, the assets of WSS are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but the results of operations are not included in the Consolidated Statements of Income. For the year ended December 31, 1996, WSS reported $110 million in revenues. See Note 4 for further information. ACQUISITION OF THE WING GROUP LTD: In February of 1996 the company purchased The Wing Group Ltd (The Wing Group), an international power developer. As a consequence of consummated acquisitions and investments, the company's investments and other property increased by approximately $1.1 billion in 1996, These investments represents approximately 18% of the company's consolidated assets at December 31, 1996. The impact of the consummated acquisition1997. CAPITAL STRUCTURE: Our capital structures at December 31, 1997, and investment transactions on the company's 1997 financial results is expected to be accretive to earnings. 1994 SALES OF MISSOURI GAS PROPERTIES: On January 31, 1994, the company sold substantially all of its Missouri natural gas distribution properties and operations to Southern Union Company (Southern Union). The company sold the remaining Missouri properties to United Cities Gas Company (United Cities) on February 28, 1994. The properties sold to Southern Union and United Cities are referred to herein as the "Missouri Properties." For additional information regarding the sales of the Missouri Properties see Note 19. FORWARD LOOKING INFORMATION: Certain matters discussed in this annual report are "forward-looking statements" intended to qualify for the safe harbors from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements address future plans, objectives, expectations and events or conditions concerning various matters such as capital expenditures, earnings, litigation, rate and other regulatory matters, pending transactions, liquidity and capital resources, and accounting matters. Actual results in each case could differ materially from those currently anticipated in such statements, by reason of factors such as electric utility restructuring, including ongoing state and federal activities; future economic conditions; legislation; regulation; competition; and other circumstances affecting anticipated rates, revenues and costs. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES: The company's liquidity is a function of its ongoing construction and maintenance program designed to improve facilities which provide electric and natural gas service and meet future customer service requirements. Acquisitions and subsidiary investments also significantly affect the company's liquidity. During 1996 construction expenditures for the company's electric system were approximately $138 million and nuclear fuel expenditures were approximately $3 million. It is projected that adequate capacity margins will be maintained without the addition of any major generating facilities for the next five years. The construction expenditures for improvements on the natural gas system, including the company's service line replacement program, were approximately $59 million during 1996. Capital expenditures for current utility operations for 1997 through 1999 are anticipated to be as follows: 1997 1996 Common stock 45% 45% Preferred and preference stock 2% 2% Western Resources obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities of subsidiary trust holding solely company subordinated debentures 5% 6% Long-term debt 48% 47% Total 100% 100% SECURITY RATINGS: Standard & Poor's Ratings Group (S&P), Fitch Investors Service (Fitch) and Moody's Investors Service (Moody's) are independent credit-rating agencies. These agencies rate our preferred equity and debt securities. These ratings indicate the agencies' assessment of our ability to pay interest, dividends and principal on these securities. These ratings affect how much we will have to pay as interest or dividends on securities we sell to obtain additional capital. The better the rating, the less we will have to pay on preferred equity and debt securities we sell. At December 31, 1997, ratings with these agencies were as follows: Kansas Gas Western Western and Electric Nuclear Fuel Natural Gas (Dollars in Thousands) 1997. . . . . $122,900 $21,300 $50,600 1998. . . . . 126,600 21,500 52,100 1999. . . . . 130,400 3,800 53,700 These expenditures are estimates prepared for planning purposes and are subject to revisions (See Note 8). Electric expenditures would be significantly more in years after 1997 following consummation of the merger with KCPL (See Note 2). Natural gas expenditures will be significantly less in 1997 and subsequent years upon the consummation of the alliance with ONEOK (see Note 6). The company expects to improve cash flow in 1997 and subsequent years when it begins receiving annual dividends from New ONEOK upon consummation of the alliance with ONEOK. Cash provided by operating activities has decreased compared to 1995, but continues to be the primary source for meeting cash requirements. The company believesResources' Resources' Company's Mortgage Short-term Mortgage Bond Debt Bond Rating Agency Rating Rating Rating S&P A- A-2 BBB+ Fitch A- F-2 A- Moody's A3 P-2 A3 FUTURE CASH REQUIREMENTS: We believe that internally generated funds and new and existing credit agreements will be sufficient to meet its debt service, dividend paymentour operating and capital expenditure requirements, for its utility operations. The company,debt service and dividend payments through its wholly-owned subsidiary The Wing Group, has committedthe year 2000. Uncertainties affecting our ability to investing at least $136 million through June 1998 for power generation projects in the People's Republic of China, Turkey and Colombia. See Notes 4 and 8. The company will be required to issue a significant number of its common shares to consummate the transactions discussed above. The company will also be required to raise a significant amount of funds to consummate the proposed transactions and to repay short-term debt incurred in connectionmeet these requirements with completed transactions. The company expects to raise the required funds from internally generated funds include the effect of competition and frominflation on operating expenses, sales volume, regulatory actions, compliance with future environmental regulations, the issuanceavailability of debtgenerating units and equity securities.weather. We believe that we will meet the needs of our electric utility customers without adding any major generation facilities in the next five years. Our business requires a significant capital investment. We currently expect that through the year 2000, we will need cash mostly for: - Ongoing utility construction and maintenance program designed to maintain and improve facilities providing electric service - Growth within the security alarm monitoring business, including acquisition of subscriber accounts - Investment opportunities in international power development projects and generation facilities - Expansion of our nonregulated operations Capital expenditures for 1997 and anticipated capital expenditures for 1998 through 2000 are as follows: Security Alarm Electric Monitoring International Other Total (Dollars in Thousands) 1997. . . . . $159,800 $ 45,200 $30,500 $17,300 $252,800 1998. . . . . 142,000 216,900 52,500 41,700 453,100 1999. . . . . 121,400 263,200 79,200 11,700 475,500 2000. . . . . 137,800 280,800 9,200 800 428,600 Capital expenditures in 1997 included an additional $47 million in improvements to our natural gas system. Because we contributed our natural gas business net assets to ONEOK, we will not incur any direct capital expenditures related to that business in future years. "Electric" capital expenditures include the cost of nuclear fuel. "Security Alarm Monitoring" capital expenditures include anticipated acquisitions of subscriber accounts. "International" expenditures include commitments to international power development projects and generation facilities. "Other" primarily represents our commitments to our Affordable Housing Tax Credit program (AHTC). See Notes 2discussion in "Other Information" below. These estimates are prepared for planning purposes and 3 for additional discussion regarding the proposed transactions of KCPL and ADT. The company's capital needs through 2001 for bond maturities are approximately $200 million. This capitalmay be revised (see Note 7). Electric expenditures will be provided from internalsignificantly more than shown in the table above if we complete the merger with KCPL (see Note 5). Bond maturities and external sources available under then existing financial conditions. There are no cashpreference stock sinking fund requirements for bonds or preference stockwill require cash of approximately $303 million through the year 2001. On July 1, 1996, all shares2002. Protection One is required to retire long-term debt of the company's 8.50% Preference Stock due 2016 were redeemed. On July 31, 1996 Western Resources Capital II, a wholly-owned trust,approximately $63 million through 1999. Our currently authorized quarterly dividend of which the sole asset53 1/2 cents per common share or $2.14 on an annual basis is subordinated debenturespaid from our earnings. The payment of the company, sold in a public offering 4.8 million shares of 8-1/2% Cumulative Quarterly Income Preferred Securities, Series B, for $120 million. The trust interests represented by the preferred securities are redeemabledividends is at the optiondiscretion of Western Resources Capital II, on or after July 31, 2001, at $25 per preferred security plus accumulated and unpaid distributions. Holdersour board of directors. Each quarter, the securities are entitled to receive distributions at an annual rate of 8-1/2% of the liquidation preference value of $25. Distributions are payable quarterly, and in substance are tax deductible by the company. These distributions are recorded as interest chargesboard makes a determination on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The sole asset of the trust is $124 million principal amount of 8-1/2% Deferrable Interest Subordinated Debentures, Series B due July 31, 2036. These preferred securities are included under Western Resources Obligated Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Securities of Subsidiary Trusts holding solely company Subordinated Debentures (Other Mandatorily Redeemable Securities) ondividends to declare, considering such matters as future earnings expectations and our financial condition. OTHER INFORMATION COMPETITION AND ENHANCED BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES: The United States electric utility industry is evolving from a regulated monopolistic market to a competitive marketplace. The 1992 Energy Policy Act began deregulating the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Capitalization (See Note 11).electricity industry. The company's short-term financing requirements are satisfied, as needed, through the sale of commercial paper, short-term bank loans and borrowings under lines of credit maintained with banks. At December 31, 1996, short-term borrowings amounted to $981 million, of which $293 million was commercial paper (See Notes 14 and 15). At December 31, 1996, the company had committed credit arrangements available of $973 million. The company's short-term debt balance at December 31, 1996, increased approximately $777 million from December 31, 1995. The increase was primarily a result of the company's purchases of an approximate 27% common equity interest in ADT and its purchase of WSS. See Notes 3 and 4 for further discussion of these purchases. On February 12, 1997, the company filed an application with the KCC to issue $550 million in first mortgage bonds or senior unsecured debt to refinance short-term and long-term debt and for other corporate purposes. The embedded cost of long-term debt, excluding the revolving credit facility, was 7.6% at December 31, 1996, a decrease from 7.7% at December 31, 1995. Lower interest rates on the company's variable rate pollution control bonds resulted in this decrease. The company has a Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (DRIP). Shares issued under the DRIP may be either original issue shares or shares purchased on the open market. The company has been issuing original issue shares since January 1, 1995 with 935,461 shares issued in 1996 under the DRIP. The company's capital structure at December 31, 1996, was 45% common stock equity, 2% preferred and preference stock, 6% other mandatorily redeemable securities, and 47% long-term debt. The capital structure at December 31, 1996, including short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt, was 35% common stock equity, 2% preferred and preference stock, 5% other mandatorily redeemable securities, and 58% debt. As of December 31, 1996, the company's bonds were rated "A3" by Moody's Investors Service, "A-" by Fitch Investors Service, and "A-" by Standard & Poor's Ratings Group (S&P). In January of 1997, reflecting S&P's increased financial rating standards and as a result of the company's increased short-term debt related to its acquisitions, S&P regraded the company's bond rating to BBB+. Pending the resolution of the ADT Offer, the company remains on CreditWatch with negative implications with S&P. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following is an explanation of significant variations from prior year results in revenues, operating expenses, other income and deductions, interest charges, and preferred and preference dividend requirements. The results of operations of the company exclude the activities related to the Missouri Properties following the sales of those properties in the first quarter of 1994. For additional information regarding the sales of the Missouri Properties, see Note 19. REVENUES The operating revenues of the company are based on sales volumes and rates authorized by certain state regulatory commissions andEnergy Policy Act permitted the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). Future electric and natural gas sales will be affected by weather conditions, the electric rate reduction which was implemented on February 1, 1997, changes in the industry, changes in the regulatory environment, competition from other sources of energy, competing fuel sources, customer conservation efforts, and the overall economy of the company's service area. Electric fuel costs are included in base rates. Therefore, if the company wished to recover an increase in fuel costs, it would have to file a request for recovery in a rate filing with the Kansas Corporation Commission (KCC) which could be denied in whole or in part. The company's fuel costs represented 17% of its total operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1995. Any increase in fuel costs from the projected average which the company did not recover through rates would reduce the company's earnings. The degree of any such impact would be affected by a variety of factors, however, and thus cannot be predicted. 1996 Compared to 1995: Electric revenues were five percent higher in 1996 compared to 1995 due to higher sales in the residential and commercial customer classes as a result of colder winter and warmer spring temperatures experienced during the first six months of 1996 compared to 1995. The company's service territory experienced a 17% increase in heating degree days during the first quarter and cooling degree days more than doubled during the second quarter of 1996 compared to the same periods in 1995. Wholesale and interchange sales were also higher due to an increased number of customers. Partially offsetting this increase was abnormally cool summer weather during the third quarter of 1996 compared to 1995 and the $8.7 million electric rate reduction to KGE customers implemented on an interim basis on May 23, 1996 and made permanent on January 15, 1997. For more information related to electric rate decreases, see Note 9. Regulated natural gas revenues increased 29% for 1996 as compared to 1995 as a result of colder winter temperatures, higher gas costs passed on to customers through the cost of gas rider (COGR), and increased as-available gas sales. Regulated natural gas revenues for the last six months of 1996 were also higher due to the gas revenue increase ordered by the KCC on July 11, 1996. For additional information on the gas rate increase, see Note 9. As-available gas is excess natural gas under contract that the company did not require for customer sales or storage that is typically sold to gas marketers. According to the company's tariff, the nominal margin made on as-available gas sales, is returned 75% to customers through the COGR and 25% is reflected in wholesale revenues of the company. Natural gas revenues will be significantly less in 1997 and subsequent years following consummation of the alliance with ONEOK (see Note 6). Non-regulated gas revenues increased from approximately $170 million to approximately $250 million, or 47%, for 1996 as compared to 1995 as a result of a 12% increase in sales volumes of the company's wholly-owned subsidiary Westar Gas Marketing, Inc. (Westar Gas Marketing). When the alliance with ONEOK is complete, Westar Gas Marketing will be transferred to New ONEOK. 1995 Compared to 1994: Electric revenues increased two percent in 1995 as a result of increased sales in all customer classes. The increase is primarily attributable to a higher demand for air conditioning load during the summer months of 1995 compared to 1994. The company's service territory experienced normal temperatures during the summer of 1995, but were more than 20% warmer, based on cooling degree days, compared to the summer of 1994. Natural gas revenues decreased in 1995 primarily as a result of the sales of Missouri Properties in the first quarter of 1994. The Consolidated Statements of Income include revenues of $77 million related to the Missouri Properties for the first quarter of 1994. Excluding natural gas sales related to the Missouri Properties, natural gas revenues increased six percent due to an increase in non-regulated gas revenues. Non-regulated gas revenues increased from approximately $145 million to approximately $170 million, or 17%, for 1995 as compared to 1994 as a result of a 44% increase in sales volumes of Westar Gas Marketing. OPERATING EXPENSES 1996 Compared to 1995: A 19% increase in total operating expenses in 1996 compared to 1995 is primarily due to a full year of amortization of the acquisition adjustment related to the acquisition of KGE in 1992 and increased fuel expense, purchased power, and natural gas purchases for electric generating stations due to Wolf Creek having been taken off-line for its eighth refueling and maintenance outage during the first quarter of 1996. Also contributing to the increases in fuel and purchased power expenses was the increased net generation due to the increase in customer demand for air conditioning load during the second quarter of 1996. The increase in operating expenses was partially offset by decreased maintenance expense and income tax expense. 1995 Compared to 1994: Total operating expenses decreased two percent in 1995 compared to 1994. The decrease is largely due to the sales of the Missouri Properties, lower natural gas purchases resulting from lower sales, and lower fuel expense resulting from a lower unit cost of fuel used for generation. Partially offsetting this decrease were expenses related to an early retirement program. In the second quarter of 1995, $7.6 million related to early retirement programs was recorded as an expense. OTHER INCOME AND DEDUCTIONS: Other income and deductions, net of taxes, decreased for the year ended December 31, 1996 compared to 1995 primarily as a result of a decrease in certain miscellaneous regulated gas revenues which ceased during 1996 in accordance with a KCC order. Other income and deductions, net of taxes, decreased for the twelve months ended December 31, 1995 compared to 1994 as a result of the gain on the sales of the Missouri Properties recorded in the first quarter of 1994. INTEREST CHARGES AND PREFERRED AND PREFERENCE DIVIDEND REQUIREMENTS: Total interest charges increased 22% for the twelve months ended December 31, 1996 as compared to 1995 due to increased interest expense on higher balances of the mandatorily redeemable preferred securities and increases in short-term borrowings to finance the purchase of the investment in ADT. Total interest charges increased three percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 1995 as compared to 1994, primarily due to higher debt balances and higher interest rates on short-term borrowings and variable long-term debt. KGE MERGER IMPLEMENTATION: In accordance with the KCC KGE merger order, amortization of the acquisition adjustment commenced August 1995. The amortization will amount to approximately $20 million (pre-tax) per year for 40 years. The company is recovering the amortization of the acquisition adjustment through cost savings under a sharing mechanism approved by the KCC. Based on the order issued by the KCC, with regard to the recovery of the acquisition premium, the company must achieve a level of savings on an annual basis (considering sharing provisions) of approximately $27 million in order to recover the entire acquisition premium. On January 15, 1997, the KCC fixed the annual merger savings level at $40 million which provides complete recovery of the acquisition premium amortization expense and a return on the acquisition premium. See Note 9 for further information relating to rate matters and regulation. As management presently expects to continue this level of savings, the amount is expected to be sufficient to allow for the full recovery of the acquisition premium. OTHER INFORMATION INFLATION: Under the rate making procedures prescribed by the regulatory commissions to which the company is subject, only the original cost of plant is recoverable in rates charged to customers. Therefore, because of inflation, present and future depreciation provisions are inadequate for purposes of maintaining the purchasing power invested by common shareowners and the related cash flows are inadequate for replacing property. The impact of this ratemaking process on common shareowners is mitigated to the extent depreciable property is financed with debt that can be repaid with dollars of less purchasing power. While the company has experienced relatively low inflation in the recent past, the cumulative effect of inflation on operating costs may require the company to seek regulatory rate relief to recover these higher costs. ENVIRONMENTAL: The company has taken a proactive position with respect to the potential environmental liability associated with former manufactured gas sites and has an agreement with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment to systematically evaluate these sites in Kansas. In accordance with the terms of the ONEOK agreement, ownership of twelve of the fifteen aforementioned sites will be transferred to New ONEOK upon consummation of the ONEOK alliance. The ONEOK agreement limits the company's liabilities to an immaterial amount for future remediation of these sites. The company is one of numerous potentially responsible parties at a groundwater contamination site in Wichita, Kansas which is listed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a Superfund site. The nitrogen oxides (NOx) and toxic limits, which were not set in the law, were proposed by the EPA in January 1996. The company is currently evaluating the steps it will need to take in order to comply with the proposed new. The company will have three years from the date the limits were proposed to comply with the new NOx rules. See Note 8 for more information regarding environmental matters. DECOMMISSIONING: The staff of the SEC has questioned certain current accounting practices used by nuclear electric generating station owners regarding the recognition, measurement, and classification of decommissioning costs for nuclear electric generating stations. In response to these questions, the Financial Accounting Standards Board is expected to issue new accounting standards for closure and removal costs, including decommissioning, in 1997. The company is not able to predict what effect such changes would have on its results of operations, financial position, or related regulatory practices until the final issuance of revised accounting guidance, but such effect could be material. Refer to Note 8 for additional information relating to new accounting standards for decommissioning. On August 30, 1996, Wolf Creek Nuclear Operating Corporation submitted the 1996 Decommissioning Cost Study to the KCC for approval. Approval of this study was received from the KCC on February 28, 1997. Based on the study, the company's share of these decommissioning costs, under the immediate dismantlement method, is estimated to be approximately $624 million during the period 2025 through 2033, or approximately $192 million in 1996 dollars. These costs were calculated using an assumed inflation rate of 3.6% over the remaining service life from 1996 of 29 years. Refer to Note 8 for additional information relating to the 1996 Decommissioning Cost Study. CORPORATE-OWNED LIFE INSURANCE: A regulatory asset totaling $41 million and $35 million is outstanding at December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively related to deferred postretirement and postemployment costs. In order to offset these costs, the company purchased corporate-owned life insurance (COLI) policies on its employees in 1992 and 1993. On August 2, 1996, Congress passed legislation that will phase out tax benefits associated with the 1992 and 1993 COLI contracts. The loss of tax benefits will significantly reduce the COLI earnings. The company is evaluating other methods to replace the 1992 and 1993 COLI contracts. The company also has the ability to seek recovery of postretirement and postemployment costs through the ratemaking process. Regulatory precedents established by the KCC are expected to permit the accrued costs of postretirement and postemployment benefits to be recovered in rates. If these costs cannot be recovered in rates, the company will be required to expense the regulatory asset. (See Notes 1 and 12.) COMPETITION AND ENHANCED BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES: The electric and natural gas utility industry in the United States is rapidly evolving from an historically regulated monopolistic market to a dynamic and competitive integrated marketplace. The 1992 Energy Policy Act (Act) began the process of deregulation of the electricity industry by permitting the FERC to order electric utilities to allow third parties the use of their transmission systems to sell electric power to wholesale customers over their transmission systems.customers. A wholesale sale is defined as a utility selling electricity to a "middleman", usually a city or its utility company, to resell to the ultimate retail customer. As part of the 1992 KGE merger, the companywe agreed to open access of itsour transmission system for wholesale transactions. FERC also requires us to provide transmission services to others under terms comparable to those we provide to ourselves. During 1996,1997, wholesale electric revenues represented approximately 12% of the company's total electric revenues. Since that time, the wholesale electricity market has become increasingly competitive as companies begin to engage in nationwide power brokerage. In addition, variousVarious states including California and New York have taken active steps toward allowingto allow retail customers to purchase electric power from third-party providers. In 1996, the KCC initiatedproviders other than their local utility company. The Kansas Legislature has created a generic docketRetail Wheeling Task Force (the Task Force) to study the effects of a deregulated and competitive market for electric restructuring issues. Aservices. Legislators, regulators, consumer advocates and representatives from the electric industry make up the Task Force. The Task Force submitted a bill to the Kansas Legislature without recommendation. This bill seeks competitive retail wheeling task force has been createdelectric service on July 1, 2001. The bill was introduced to the Kansas Legislature in the opening days of the 1998 legislative session, but is not expected to come to a vote this year. The Task Force also is evaluating how to recover certain investments in generation and related facilities which were approved and incurred under the existing regulatory model. Some of these investments may not be recoverable in a competitive marketplace. We have opposed the Task Force's bill for this reason. These unrecovered investments are commonly called "stranded costs." See "Stranded Costs" below for further discussion. Until a bill is passed by the Kansas Legislature, to study competitive trends in retail electric services. Duringwe cannot predict its impact on our company, but the 1997 session of the Kansas Legislature, bills have been introduced to increase competition in the electric industry. Among the matters under consideration is the recovery by utilities of costs in excess of competitive cost levels. There canimpact could be no assurance at this time that such costs will be recoverable if open competition is initiated in the electric utility market. The natural gas industry has been substantially deregulated, with FERC and many state regulators requiring local natural gas distribution companies to allow wholesale and retail customers to purchase gas from third-party providers. Thematerial. We believe successful providers of energy in a deregulated market will not only provide electric or natural gas service but also a variety of other services, including security. The company believes that in the newly deregulated environment, more sophisticatedenergy-related services. We believe consumers will continue to demand new and innovative options and insist on the development of more efficient products and services to meet their energy-related needs. The company believesWe believe that itsour strong core utility business provides it with thea platform to offer the more efficient energy products and energy services that customers will desire. Furthermore, the company believes it is necessaryWe continue to continuously seek new ways to add value to its customers'the lives and businesses. Recognizingbusinesses of our customers. We recognize that itsour current customer base must expand beyond itsour existing service area, the company viewsarea. We view every person whether in the United States orand abroad as a potential customer. The company also recognizes that its potential to emerge as a leading national energy and energy-related services provider is enhanced by having a strong brand name. The company has been establishing its brand identity through the Westar Security name. The combination of the company and ADT would immediately provide an ideal brand name to capitalize on the emerging security and energy marketplaces. Although the company has been planning for the deregulation of the energy market, increasedIncreased competition for retail electricity sales may in thereduce future reduce the company'selectric utility earnings compared to our historical electric utility earnings. After all electric rate decreases are implemented, our rates will range from its formerly regulated business. During 1995, however, the company's average retail electric rates were over 9% below73% to 91% of the national average and continue to be competitive within the midwestern United States. In 1997, the company furtherfor retail customers. Because of these reduced its retail rates, and expects to be ablewe expect to retain a substantial portionpart of itsour current sales volume in a competitive environment. Finally, we believe the company believes that the deregulation of thederegulated energy market may prove beneficial to the company, since any potentialus. We also plan to compensate for competitive pressure in its formerlyour current regulated business is expected to be more than offset bywith the nationwide markets which the company expects to enter by offering energy and security alarm monitoring services we offer to customers. OperatingWhile operating in this competitive environment willmay place pressure on utilityour profit margins, common dividends and credit quality.ratings, we expect it to create opportunities. Wholesale and industrial customers may threaten to pursue cogeneration, self-generation, retail wheeling, municipalization or relocation to other service territories in an attempt to obtain reducedcut their energy costs. Increasing competition has resulted in creditCredit rating agencies are applying more stringent guidelines when makingrating utility credit rating determinations. See discussioncompanies due to increasing competition. We offer competitive electric rates for industrial improvement projects and economic development projects in an effort to maintain and increase electric load. In light of competitive developments, we are pursuing the following strategic plan: - Maintain a strong core energy business - Build a national branded presence - Create value through energy-related investments To better position ourselves for the competitive energy environment, we have consummated a strategic alliance with ONEOK (see Note 4), have acquired a controlling interest in Protection One (see Note 3) and continue to develop international power projects. STRANDED COSTS: The definition of stranded costs for a utility business is the investment in and carrying costs on property, plant and equipment and other regulatory assets which exceed the amount that can be recovered in a competitive market. We currently apply accounting standards that recognize the economic effects of rate regulation and record regulatory assets and liabilities related to our generation, transmission and distribution operations. If we determine that we no longer meet the criteria of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 71, "Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation" (SFAS 71) in "Regulatory" below. The company is providing competitive electric rates for industrial expansion projects and economic development projects in an effort to maintain and increase electric load. During 1996, the company lost a major industrial customer to cogeneration resulting in a reduction to pre-tax earnings of $8.6 million annually. This customer's decision to develop its own cogeneration project was based largely on factors unique to the customer, other than energy cost. In light of these developments, the company is pursuing the following strategic plan: 1) maintain a strong core energy business; 2) build a national branded presence; and 3) become a leader in the international energy business. In order to be better positioned for the competitive environment in the energy industry, the company is pursuing a merger with KCPL (see Note 2), seeking to acquire ADT (see Note 3), planning a strategic alliance with ONEOK (see Note 6), and developing international power projects through its wholly-owned subsidiary, The Wing Group (see Note 4). REGULATORY: On April 24, 1996, FERC issued its final rule on Order No. 888, "Promoting Wholesale Competition Through Open Access Non-discriminatory Transmission Services by Public Utilities; Recovery of Stranded Costs by Public Utilities and Transmitting Utilities". The company does not presently expect the order towe may have a material effect on its operations in large part because it is already operating in substantially the required manner due to its agreement with the KCC during the merger with KGE (See discussion above in "Competition and Enhanced Business Opportunities"). On May 23, 1996, the company implemented an $8.7 million electric rate reduction to KGE customers on an interim basis. On October 22, 1996, the company, the KCC Staff, the City of Wichita, and the Citizens Utility Ratepayer Board filed an agreement at the KCC whereby the company's retail electric rates would be reduced, subject to approval by the KCC. This agreement was approved by the KCC on January 15, 1997. Under the agreement, on February 1, 1997, KGE's rates were reduced by $36.3 million and the May, 1996 interim reduction became permanent. KGE's rates will be reduced by another $10 million effective June 1, 1998, and again on June 1, 1999. KPL's rates were reduced by $10 million effective February 1, 1997. Two one-time rebates of $5 million will be credited to the company's customers in January 1998 and 1999. The agreement also fixed annual savings from the merger with KGE at $40 million. This level of merger savings provides for complete recovery of the acquisition premium amortization expense and a return on the acquisition premium. See Note 9 for additional information regarding rate matters. On August 22, 1996, the company filed with the FERC an application for approval of its proposed merger with KCPL. On December 18, 1996, the FERC issued a Merger Policy Statement (Policy Statement) which articulates three principal factors the FERC will apply for analyzing mergers: (1) effect on competition, (2) customer protection, and (3) effect on regulation. The FERC has requested the company to and pursuant to the FERC request, the company will revise its filing to comply with the specific requirements of the Policy Statement. STRANDED COSTS: The company currently applies accounting standards that recognize the economic effects of rate regulation, SFAS 71, and, accordingly, has recorded regulatory assets and liabilities related to its generation, transmission and distribution operations. In the event the company determines that it no longer meets the criteria set forth in SFAS 71, the accounting impact would be an extraordinary non-cash charge to operations of an amount that would be material. Criteria that give rise to the discontinuance ofoperations. Reasons for discontinuing SFAS 71 include: (1)accounting treatment include increasing competition that restricts the company'sour ability to establishcharge prices needed to recover specific costs already incurred and (2) a significant change in the manner in which rates are set by regulators from a cost-based rate regulation to another form of rate regulation. The companyWe periodically reviews these criteria to ensure the continuing application ofreview SFAS 71 is appropriate. Based on current evaluation of the various factorscriteria and conditions that are expected to impact future cost recovery, the company believes that itsbelieve our net regulatory assets, including those related to generation, are probable of future recovery. Any regulatory changes that would require the company toIf we discontinue SFAS 71 accounting treatment based upon competitive or other events, we may significantly impact the valuationvalue of the company'sour net regulatory assets and itsour utility plant investments, particularly the Wolf Creek facility. At this time, the effect of competition and the amount of regulatory assets which could be recovered in such an environment cannot be predicted. See discussion of "Competition and Enhanced Business Opportunities" above for initiatives taken to restructure the electric industry in Kansas. The term "stranded costs" as it relates to capital intensive utilities has been defined as investment in and carrying costs associated with property, plant and equipment and other regulatory assets in excess of the level which can be recovered in the competitive market in which the utility operates. Regulatory changes, including the introduction of competition, could adversely impact the company'sour ability to recover its costsour investment in these assets. As of December 31, 1996, the company has1997, we have recorded regulatory assets which are currently subject to recovery in future rates of approximately $458$380 million. Of this amount, $217$213 million representsis a receivable for income tax benefits flow-throughpreviously passed on to customers. The remainder of the regulatory assets representare items that may give rise to stranded costs including coal contract settlement costs, deferred employee benefit costs, deferred plant costs and debt issuance costs, deferred post employment/retirement benefits and deferred contract settlement costs. Finally, the company's abilityIn a competitive environment, we may not be able to fully recover its utility plant investments in, and decommissioning cost for, generating facilities, particularly Wolf Creek, may be at risk in a competitive environment. This risk will become more significant as a result of the proposed KCPL Merger as KCPL presently owns a 47% undivided interestour entire investment in Wolf Creek. Amounts associated withWe presently own 47% of Wolf Creek. Our ownership would increase to 94% if the company's recovery ofKCPL merger is completed. We also may have stranded costs from an inability to recover our environmental remediation costs and long-term fuel contract costs cannot be estimated with any certainty, but also represent items that could give rise to "stranded costs" in a competitive environment. In the eventIf we determine that the company was not allowed towe have stranded costs and we cannot recover itsour investment in these assets, our future net utility income will be lower than our historical net utility income has been unless we compensate for the loss of such income with other measures. YEAR 2000 ISSUE: We are currently addressing the effect of the Year 2000 Issue on our reporting systems and operations. We face the Year 2000 Issue because many computer systems and applications abbreviate dates by eliminating the first two digits of the year, assuming that these two digits are always "19". On January 1, 2000, some computer programs may incorrectly recognize the date as January 1, 1900. Some computer systems may incorrectly process critical financial and operational information, or stop processing altogether because of the date abbreviation. Calculations using the year 2000 will affect computer applications before January 1, 2000. We have recognized the potential adverse effects the Year 2000 Issue could have on our company. In 1996, we established a formal Year 2000 remediation program to investigate and correct these problems in the main computer systems of our company. In 1997, we expanded the program to include all business units and departments of our company. The goal of our program is to identify and assess every critical system potentially affected by the year 2000 date change and to repair or replace those systems found to be incompatible with year 2000 dates. We plan to have our year 2000 readiness efforts substantially completed by the end of 1998. We expect no significant operational impact on our ability to serve our customers, pay suppliers, or operate other areas of our business. We currently estimate that total costs to update all of our systems for year 2000 compliance will be approximately $7 million. In 1997, we expensed approximately $3 million of these costs and based on what we now know, we expect to incur about $4 million in 1998 to complete our efforts. AFFORDABLE HOUSING TAX CREDIT PROGRAM: We have received authorization from the KCC to invest up to $114 million in AHTC investments. An example of an AHTC project is housing for residents who are elderly or meet certain income requirements. At December 31, 1997, the company had invested approximately $17 million to purchase limited partnership interests. We are committed to investing approximately $55 million more in AHTC investments by January 1, 2000. These investments are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Based upon an order received from the KCC, income generated from the AHTC investments, primarily tax credits, will be used to offset costs associated with postretirement and postemployment benefits offered to our employees. Tax credits are recognized in the year generated. DECOMMISSIONING: Decommissioning is a nuclear industry term for the permanent shut-down of a nuclear power plant when the plant's license expires. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) will terminate a plant's license and release the property for unrestricted use when a company has reduced the residual radioactivity of a nuclear plant to a level mandated by the NRC. The NRC requires companies with nuclear power plants to prepare formal financial plans. These plans ensure that funds required for decommissioning will be accumulated during the estimated remaining life of the related nuclear power plant. The SEC staff has questioned the way electric utilities recognize, measure and classify decommissioning costs for nuclear electric generating stations in their financial statements. In response to the SEC's questions, the Financial Accounting Standards Board is reviewing the accounting for closure and removal costs, including decommissioning of nuclear power plants. If current accounting practices for nuclear power plant decommissioning are changed, the following could occur: - Our annual decommissioning expense could be higher than in 1997 - The estimated cost for decommissioning could be recorded as a liability (rather than as accumulated depreciation) - The increased costs could be recorded as additional investment in the Wolf Creek plant We do not believe that such changes, if required, would adversely affect our operating results due to our current ability to recover decommissioning costs through rates. (See Note 7). REGULATORY ISSUES: On November 27, 1996, the KCC issued a Suspension Order and on December 3, 1996, the KCC issued an order which suspended, subject to refund, the collection of costs related to purchases from Kansas Pipeline Partnership included in our cost of natural gas. On November 25, 1997, the KCC issued its order lifting the suspension and closing the docket. PRONOUNCEMENT ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE: In January 1998, the company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information" (SFAS 131). This statement establishes standards for public business enterprises to report information about operating segments in interim and annual financial statements. Interim disclosure requirements are not required until 1999. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. Adoption of the disclosure requirements of SFAS 131 will impact would be a charge to its resultsthe presentation of operations that would be material. If completed, the proposed KCPL Merger and the proposed strategic alliance with ONEOK will increase the company's exposure to potential stranded costs. business segments. Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Not applicable. ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Report of Independent Public Accountants 4039 Financial Statements: Consolidated Balance Sheets, December 31, 1997 and 1996 and 1995 4140 Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995 and 1994 4241 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended 1997, 1996 and 1995 42 Consolidated Statements of Cumulative Preferred and 1994Preference Stock, December 31, 1997 and 1996 43 Consolidated Statements of Taxes for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 44 Consolidated Statements of Capitalization, December 31, 1996 and 1995 45 Consolidated Statements of Common StockShareowners' Equity for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995 and 1994 4644 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4745 SCHEDULES OMITTED The following schedules are omitted because of the absence of the conditions under which they are required or the information is included in the financial statements and schedules presented: I, II, III, IV, and V. REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS To the Shareowners and Board of Directors of Western Resources, Inc.: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and statements of capitalizationcumulative preferred and preference stock of Western Resources, Inc., and subsidiaries as of December 31, 19961997 and 1995,1996, and the related consolidated statements of income, cash flows, taxes and common stockshareowners' equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1996.1997. These financial statements are the responsibility of the company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Western Resources, Inc., and subsidiaries as of December 31, 19961997 and 1995,1996, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1996,1997, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. As explained in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 1994, the company changed its method of accounting for postemployment benefits. ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP Kansas City, Missouri, January 24, 1997 (February 7, 1997 with respect to Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.) 29, 1998 WESTERN RESOURCES, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Dollars in Thousands)
December 31, 1997 1996 1995ASSETS ASSETS UTILITY PLANT (Notes 1CURRENT ASSETS: Cash and 17): Electric plant in servicecash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,536,256 $5,341,074 Natural gas plant in service.$ 76,608 $ 3,724 Accounts receivable (net) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 834,330 787,453 6,370,586 6,128,527 Less - Accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,146,363 1,926,520 4,224,223 4,202,007 Construction work in progress 325,043 318,966 Inventories and supplies (net). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,834 100,401 Nuclear fuel86,398 135,255 Marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,258 - Prepaid expenses and other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,483 36,503 Total Current Assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588,790 494,448 PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,786,528 4,384,017 OTHER ASSETS: Investment in ADT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 590,102 Investment in ONEOK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 596,206 - Subscriber accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549,152 265,530 Goodwill (net). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,461 53,942 Net utility plant.. . 854,163 225,892 Regulatory assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,356,518 4,356,350 INVESTMENTS AND OTHER PROPERTY: Investment in ADT (net) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590,102 - Security business and other property. . . . . . . . . . . 584,647 99,269 Decommissioning trust (Note 8). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,041 25,070 1,207,790 124,339 CURRENT ASSETS: Cash and cash equivalents (Note 1). . . . . . . . . . . . 3,724 2,414 Accounts receivable and unbilled revenues (net) (Note 1). 318,966 257,292 Fossil fuel, at average cost. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,061 54,742 Gas stored underground, at average cost . . . . . . . . . 30,027 28,106 Materials and supplies, at average cost . . . . . . . . . 66,167 57,996 Prepayments and other current assets. . . . . . . . . . . 36,503 20,426 494,448 420,976 DEFERRED CHARGES AND OTHER ASSETS: Deferred future income taxes (Note 10). . . . . . . . . . 217,257 282,476 Corporate-owned life insurance (net) (Notes 1 and 12) . . 86,179 44,143 Regulatory assets (Note 9). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241,039 262,393380,421 458,296 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,550 - 589,025 589,012221,700 229,496 Total Other Assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,601,642 1,769,316 TOTAL ASSETSASSETS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,976,960 $6,647,781 $5,490,677 CAPITALIZATIONLIABILITIES AND LIABILITIES CAPITALIZATION (See statements): Common stock equitySHAREOWNERS' EQUITY CURRENT LIABILITIES: Current maturities of long-term debt. . . . . . . . . . . $ 21,217 $ - Short-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,624,680 $1,553,110 Cumulative preferred and preference stock . . . . . . . . 74,858 174,858 Western Resources obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities of subsidiary trusts holding solely company subordinated debentures. . . . . . . . . 220,000 100,000 Long-term debt (net). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,681,583 1,391,263 3,601,121 3,219,231 CURRENT LIABILITIES: Short-term debt (Note 15) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236,500 980,740 203,450 Long-term debt due within one year (Note 14). . . . . . . - 16,000 Accounts payable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151,166 180,540 149,194 Accrued taxesliabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,813 68,569249,447 140,204 Accrued interest and dividends.income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,193 62,157. . . . . 27,360 27,053 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,806 40,266 1,352,092 539,636 DEFERRED CREDITS AND OTHER LIABILITIES: Deferred income taxes (Note 10)89,106 23,555 Total Current Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,110,372 1,167,470 Deferred investment tax credits (Note 10) . . 774,796 1,352,092 LONG-TERM LIABILITIES: Long-term debt (net). . . . . . . . 125,528 132,286 Deferred gain from sale-leaseback (Note 16) . . . . . . . . . . . 2,181,855 1,681,583 Western Resources obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities of subsidiary trusts holding solely company subordinated debentures. . . . . . . . . 220,000 220,000 Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits. . . . . 1,065,565 1,235,900 Minority interests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164,379 - Deferred gain from sale-leaseback . . . . . . . . . . . . 221,779 233,060 242,700 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259,521 225,608 189,354 1,694,568 1,731,810 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Notes 7 and 8) TOTAL CAPITALIZATION AND LIABILITIES.Total Long-term Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,113,099 3,596,151 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES SHAREOWNERS' EQUITY: Cumulative preferred and preference stock . . . . . . . . 74,858 74,858 Common stock, par value $5 per share, authorized 85,000,000 shares, outstanding 65,409,603 and 64,625,259 shares, respectively . . . . . . . . . . . . 327,048 323,126 Paid-in capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 760,553 739,433 Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 914,487 562,121 Net change in unrealized gain on equity securities (net). 12,119 - Total Shareowners' Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,089,065 1,699,538 TOTAL LIABILITIES & SHAREOWNERS' EQUITY . . . . . . . . . . $6,976,960 $6,647,781 $5,490,677 The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
WESTERN RESOURCES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
Year Ended December 31, 1997 1996 1995 1994(1) OPERATING REVENUES (Notes 1 and 9): Electric.SALES: Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,197,433 $1,145,895 $1,121,781 Natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849,386 597,405 642,988 Total operating revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,046,819 1,743,300 1,764,769 OPERATING EXPENSES: Fuel used for generation: Fossil fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245,990 211,994 220,766 Nuclear fuel (net). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,962 19,425 13,562 Power purchased . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,592 15,739 15,438 Natural gas purchases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354,755 263,790 312,576 Other operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607,995 479,136 438,945 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,122 108,641 113,186 Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . 183,722 160,285 157,398 Amortization of phase-in revenues . . . . . . . . . . 17,544 17,545 17,544 Taxes (See Statements): Federal income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,057 72,314 76,477 State income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,035 18,883 19,145 General$1,999,418 $2,038,281 $1,743,930 Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,052 96,839 104,682152,347 8,546 344 Total operating expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,742,826 1,464,591 1,489,719 OPERATING INCOME.Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303,993 278,709 275,050 OTHER INCOME AND DEDUCTIONS: Corporate-owned life insurance (net). . . . . . . . . (2,249) (2,668) (5,354) Gain on sales of Missouri Properties (Note 19). . . . - - 30,701 Special charges from ADT (Note 3) . . . . . . . . . . (18,181) - - Equity in earnings of investees and other (net) . . . 31,723 19,925 10,296 Income taxes (net) (See Statements) . . . . . . . . . 2,990 7,805 (4,329) Total other income and deductions . . . . . . . . 14,283 25,062 31,314 INCOME BEFORE INTEREST CHARGES. . . . . . . . . . . . . 318,276 303,771 306,364 INTEREST CHARGES: Long-term debt.2,151,765 2,046,827 1,744,274 COST OF SALES: Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,741 95,962 98,483. . . . 928,324 879,328 658,935 Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,800 3,798 68 Total Cost of Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 967,124 883,126 659,003 GROSS PROFIT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,184,641 1,163,701 1,085,271 OPERATING EXPENSES: Operating and maintenance expense . . . . . . . . . . 383,912 374,369 351,589 Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . 256,725 201,331 177,830 Selling, general and administrative expense . . . . . 312,927 199,448 182,131 Write-off of deferred merger costs. . . . . . . . . . 48,008 - - Security asset impairment charge. . . . . . . . . . . 40,144 - - Total Operating Expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,041,716 775,148 711,550 INCOME FROM OPERATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,925 388,553 373,721 OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE): Gain on sale of Tyco securities . . . . . . . . . . . 864,253 - - Special charges from ADT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - (18,181) - Investment earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,646 20,647 - Minority interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,737 - - Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,403 12,841 18,657 Total Other Income (Expense). . . . . . . . . . . . 923,039 15,307 18,657 INCOME BEFORE INTEREST AND TAXES. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,065,964 403,860 392,378 INTEREST EXPENSE: Interest expense on long-term debt. . . . . . . . . . 119,389 105,741 95,962 Interest expense on short-term debt and other . . . . 73,836 46,810 30,360 23,101 Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction (credit)Total Interest Expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193,225 152,551 126,322 INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 872,739 251,309 266,056 INCOME TAXES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (3,225) (4,227) (2,667) Total interest charges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149,326 122,095 118,917378,645 82,359 84,380 NET INCOME. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494,094 168,950 181,676 187,447 PREFERRED AND PREFERENCE DIVIDENDS. . . . . . . . . . . 4,919 14,839 13,419 13,418 EARNINGS APPLICABLE TOAVAILABLE FOR COMMON STOCK . . . . . . . . . . $ 489,175 $ 154,111 $ 168,257 $ 174,029 AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING . . . . . . . . . . . 65,127,803 63,833,783 62,157,125 61,617,873BASIC EARNINGS PER AVERAGE COMMON SHARE OUTSTANDING . . . . .$ 7.51 $ 2.41 $ 2.71 $ 2.82 DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE . . . . . . . . . . $ 2.10 $ 2.06 $ 2.02 $ 1.98 (1) Information reflects the sales of the Missouri Properties (Note 19). The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
WESTERN RESOURCES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Dollars in Thousands)
Year Endedended December 31, 1997 1996 1995 1994(1) CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net income.Income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 494,094 $ 168,950 $ 181,676 $ 187,447Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190,628 160,285 157,398 Amortization of nuclear fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,685 14,703 10,437256,725 201,331 177,830 Gain on sale of utility plant (net of tax). . . . . . . . - (951) (19,296) Amortization of phase-in revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,544 17,545 17,544 Corporate-owned life insurance policies . . . . . . . . . (29,713) (28,548) (17,246) Amortization of gain from sale-leaseback. . . . . . . . . (9,640) (9,640) (9,640) Deferred acquisition costs.securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (31,518)(864,253) - - Equity in earnings from investments . . . . . . . . . . . (25,405) (9,373) - Write-off of investeesdeferred merger costs. . . . . . . . . . . . 48,008 - - Security asset impairment charge. . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,144 - - Changes in working capital items (net of effects from acquisitions): Accounts receivable, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . (9,373) - - Changes in other working capital items (net of effects from acquisitions): Accounts receivable and unbilled revenues (net)(Note 1). . 14,156 (47,474) (37,532) (75,630) Fossil fuelInventories and supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,249 10,624 (715) Marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,681 (15,980) (7,828) Gas stored underground.(10,461) - - Prepaid expenses and other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1,921) 17,116 (5,403)9,230 (14,900) 6,958 Accounts payable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (48,298) 15,353 18,578 (41,682) Accrued taxesliabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,071 10,261 (5,079) Accrued income taxes. . . 26,709 (19,024) 20,756. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,869 26,377 (14,209) Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,325 8,179 41,309. (8,584) (4,824) (28,642) Changes in other assets and liabilities . . . . . . . . . (63,950) 537 9,625(69,353) (87,285) 5,134 Net cash flows (used in) from operating activities. . . . . . . . 275,286 306,944 267,791(85,808) 269,040 303,999 CASH FLOWS USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Additions to utility plant.property, plant and equipment (net). . . . . 210,738 195,602 232,252 Customer account acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,163 - - Proceeds from sale of securities. . 199,509 236,827 237,696 Sales. . . . . . . . . . . (1,533,530) - - Security alarm monitoring acquisitions, net of utility plant.cash acquired. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438,717 368,535 - (1,723) (402,076) Purchase of ADT common stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 589,362 - - Security business acquisitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368,535 - - Non-utilityOther investments (net) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,563 15,408 9,041 Corporate-owned life insurance policies . . . . . . . . . 54,007 55,175 54,914 Death proceeds of corporate-owned life insurance policies (10,653) (11,187) (1,251)45,318 6,563 15,408 Net cash flows (from) used in (from) investing activities. . . 1,207,323 294,500 (101,676)(793,594) 1,160,062 247,660 CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Short-term debt (net) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (744,240) 777,290 (104,750) (132,695) Bonds issued.Proceeds of long-term debt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520,000 225,000 50,000 Retirements of long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (293,977) (16,135) (105) Issuance of other mandatorily redeemable securities . . . - 120,000 100,000 Issuance of common stock (net). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,042 33,212 36,161 Redemption of preference stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . - (100,000) - Cash dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - 235,923 Bonds retired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (16,135) (105) (223,906) Revolving credit agreements (net) . . . . . . . . . . . . 225,000 50,000 (115,000) Other long-term debt retired. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - (67,893) Other mandatorily redeemable securities . . . . . . . . . 120,000 100,000 - Borrowings against life insurance policies. . . . . . . . 45,978 49,279 70,633 Repayment of borrowings against life insurance policies . (4,963) (5,384) (225) Common stock issued (net) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,212 36,161 - Preference stock redeemed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (100,000) - - Dividends on preferred, preference, and common stock. . .(141,727) (147,035) (137,946) (134,806) Net cash flows from (used in) from financing activities. . . 933,347 (12,745) (367,969)(634,902) 892,332 (56,640) NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS. . . . 72,884 1,310 (301) 1,498 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Beginning of the period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,724 2,414 2,715 1,217 End of the period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 76,608 $ 3,724 $ 2,414 $ 2,715 SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION CASH PAID FOR: Interest on financing activities (net of amount capitalized). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 169,713193,468 $ 136,548170,635 $ 134,785136,526 Income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404,548 66,692 84,811 90,229 (1) Information reflectsSUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES: During 1997, the salescompany contributed the net assets of the Missouri Properties (Note 19).its natural gas business totaling approximately $594 million to ONEOK in exchange for an ownership interest of 45% in ONEOK. The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
WESTERN RESOURCES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF TAXES (Dollars in Thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994(1) FEDERAL INCOME TAXES: Payable currently . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 61,602 $ 51,218 $ 98,748 Deferred taxes arising from: Alternative minimum tax credit. . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,491 23,925 - Depreciation and other property related items . . . . . (1,386) (1,813) 29,506 Energy and cost of gas riders . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2,095) 5,239 9,764 Natural gas line survey and replacement program . . . . (466) 1,192 (313) Missouri property sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - (36,343) Prepaid power sale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376 (23) (13,759) Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2,301) (7,046) (800) Amortization of investment tax credits. . . . . . . . . . (6,652) (6,789) (6,739) Total Federal income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,569 65,903 80,064 Less: Federal income taxes applicable to non-operating items: Missouri property sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - 9,485 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2,488) (6,411) (5,898) Total Federal income taxes applicable to non-operating items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2,488) (6,411) 3,587 Total Federal income taxes charged to operations. . 70,057 72,314 76,477 STATE INCOME TAXES: Payable currently . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,885 17,203 17,758 Deferred (net). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (352) 286 2,129 Total State income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,533 17,489 19,887 Less: State income taxes applicable to non-operating items. . . (502) (1,394) 742 Total State income taxes charged to operations. . . 19,035 18,883 19,145 GENERAL TAXES: Property and other taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,776 83,738 86,687 Franchise taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 26 5,116 Payroll taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,244 13,075 12,879 Total general taxes charged to operations . . . . . 97,052 96,839 104,682 TOTAL TAXES CHARGED TO OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . $186,144 $188,036 $200,304 The effective income tax rates set forth below are computed by dividing total Federal and State income taxes by the sum of such taxes and net income. The difference between the effective rates and the Federal statutory income tax rates are as follows: Year Ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994(1) EFFECTIVE INCOME TAX RATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.8% 31.8% 35.3% EFFECT OF: State income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5.1) (4.3) (4.6) Amortization of investment tax credits. . . . . . . . . . 2.7 2.5 2.4 Corporate-owned life insurance policies . . . . . . . . . 3.7 3.2 2.1 Flow through and amortization, net. . . . . . . . . . . . (.2) (.2) (.7) Other differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 2.0 .5 STATUTORY FEDERAL INCOME TAX RATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.0% 35.0% 35.0% (1) Information reflects the sales of the Missouri Properties (Note 19). The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
WESTERN RESOURCES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CAPITALIZATIONCUMULATIVE PREFERRED AND PREFERENCE STOCK (Dollars in Thousands)
December 31, 1997 1996 1995 COMMON STOCK EQUITY (See Statements): Common stock, par value $5 per share, authorized 85,000,000 shares, outstanding 64,625,259 and 62,855,961 shares, respectively . . $ 323,126 $ 314,280 Paid-in capital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739,433 697,962 Retained earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562,121 540,868 1,624,680 45% 1,553,110 48% CUMULATIVE PREFERRED AND PREFERENCE STOCK (Note 11):STOCK: Preferred stock not subject to mandatory redemption, Par value $100 per share, authorized 600,000 shares, outstandingOutstanding - 4 1/2% Series, 138,576 shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 13,858 $ 13,858 4 1/4% Series, 60,000 shares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,000 6,000 5% Series, 50,000 shares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,000 5,000 24,858 24,858 Preference stock subject to mandatory redemption, Without par value, $100 stated value, authorized 4,000,000 shares, outstanding - 7.58% Series, 500,000 shares. . . . . . . . . 50,000 50,000 8.50% Series, 1,000,000 shares. . . . . . . . - 100,000 50,000 150,000 74,858 2% 174,858 6% WESTERN RESOURCES OBLIGATED MANDATORILY REDEEMABLE50,000 TOTAL CUMULATIVE PREFERRED SECURITIES OF SUBSIDIARY TRUSTS HOLDING SOLELY COMPANY SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES (Note 11): 220,000 6% 100,000 3% LONG-TERM DEBT (Note 14): First mortgage bondsAND PREFERENCE STOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 825,000 841,000 Pollution control bonds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521,682 521,817 Revolving credit agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275,000 50,000 Other long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,190 - Less: Unamortized premium and discount (net) . . . . . . 5,289 5,554 Long-term debt due within one year . . . . . . . . - 16,000 1,681,583 47% 1,391,263 43% TOTAL CAPITALIZATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,601,121 100% $3,219,231 100%$ 74,858 $ 74,858 The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
WESTERN RESOURCES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMMON STOCKSHAREOWNERS' EQUITY (Dollars in Thousands)Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
Unrealized Gain on Equity Common Paid-in Retained Securities Stock Capital Earnings (net) BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 1993,1994, 61,617,873 shares.SHARES. . . . . $308,089 $667,738 $446,348 Net income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187,447 Cash dividends: Preferred and preference stock. . . . . . . . . . . (13,418) Common stock, $1.98 per share . . . . . . . . . . . (122,003) Expenses on common stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (228) Distribution of common stock under the Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan. . . . . . . . 482 BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 1994, 61,617,873 shares. . . . . 308,089 667,992 498,374$667,992 $498,374 $ - Net income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181,676 Cash dividends: Preferred and preference stock. . . . . . . . . . . (13,419) Common stock, $2.02 per share . . . . . . . . . . . (125,763) Expenses on common stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (772) Issuance of 1,238,088 shares of common stock. . . . . 6,191 30,742 BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 1995, 62,855,961 shares.SHARES. . . . . 314,280 697,962 540,868 - Net income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168,950 Cash dividends: Preferred and preference stock. . . . . . . . . . . (14,839) Common stock, $2.06 per share . . . . . . . . . . . (131,611) Issuance of 1,769,298 shares of common stock. . . . . 8,846 41,471 (1,247) BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 1996, 64,625,259 shares.SHARES. . . . . $323,126 $739,433 $562,121323,126 739,433 562,121 - Net income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494,094 Cash dividends: Preferred and preference stock. . . . . . . . . . . (4,919) Common stock, $2.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (136,809) Expenses on common stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5) Issuance of 784,344 shares of common stock. . . . . . 3,922 21,125 Net change in unrealized gain on equity securities (net of tax effect of $13,129). . . . . . . . . . . 12,119 BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 1997, 65,409,603 SHARES. . . . . $327,048 $760,553 $914,487 $ 12,119 The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.
WESTERN RESOURCES, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES General: The Consolidated Financial StatementsDescription of Business: Western Resources, Inc. (the company) is a publicly traded holding company. The company's primary business activities are providing electric generation, transmission and distribution services to approximately 614,000 customers in Kansas; providing security alarm monitoring services to approximately 950,000 customers located throughout the United States, providing natural gas transmission and distribution services to approximately 1.4 million customers in Oklahoma and Kansas through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, includeinvestment in ONEOK Inc. (ONEOK) and investing in international power projects. Rate regulated electric service is provided by KPL, a rate-regulated electric and gas division of the company and Kansas Gas and Electric Company (KGE), a rate-regulated electric utility and wholly-owned subsidiary of the company, Westarsubsidiary. Security services are primarily provided by Protection One, Inc. (Westar Security) a wholly-owned subsidiary which provides monitored electronic security services, Westar Energy, Inc. a wholly-owned subsidiary which provides non-regulated energy services, Westar Capital, Inc. (Westar Capital) a wholly-owned subsidiary which holds equity investments in technology and energy-related companies, The Wing Group Limited (The Wing Group)(Protection One), a wholly-owned developerpublicly-traded, 82.4%-owned subsidiary. Principles of international power projects, and Mid Continent Market Center, Inc. (Market Center), a regulated gas transmission service provider. KGE owns 47% of Wolf Creek Nuclear Operating Corporation (WCNOC), the operating company for Wolf Creek Generating Station (Wolf Creek). The company records its proportionate share of all transactions of WCNOC as it does other jointly-owned facilities. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated. The company is an investor-owned holding company. The company is engaged principally in the production, purchase, transmission, distribution and sale of electricity, the delivery and sale of natural gas, and electronic security services. The company serves approximately 606,000 electric customers in eastern and central Kansas and approximately 650,000 natural gas customers in Kansas and northeastern Oklahoma. The company's non-utility subsidiaries provide electronic security services to approximately 400,000 customers throughout the United States, market natural gas primarily to large commercial and industrial customers, develop international power projects, and provide other energy-related products and services.Consolidation: The company prepares its financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles as appliedprinciples. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Western Resources and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Common stock investments that are not majority-owned are accounted for using the equity method when the company's investment allows it the ability to exert significant influence. The company currently applies accounting standards for its rate regulated public utilities. The accountingelectric business that recognize the economic effects of rate regulation in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 71, "Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation", (SFAS 71) and, accordingly, has recorded regulatory assets and liabilities when required by a regulatory order or when it is probable, based on regulatory precedent, that future rates will allow for recovery of the company are subject to requirements of the Kansas Corporation Commission (KCC), the Oklahoma Corporation Commission (OCC), and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).a regulatory asset. The financial statements require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, to disclose contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet dates and to report amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents: The company currently applies accounting standards that recognizeconsiders highly liquid collateralized debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Available-for-sale Securities: The company classifies marketable equity securities accounted for under the economic effects of rate regulation Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 71, "Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation", (SFAS 71)cost method as available-for-sale. These securities are reported at fair value based on quoted market prices. Unrealized gains and accordingly, has recorded regulatory assets and liabilities related to its generation, transmission and distribution operations. In 1996, the KCC initiated a generic docket to study electric restructuring issues. A retail wheeling task force has been created by the Kansas Legislature to study competitive trends in retail electric services. During the 1997 sessionlosses, net of the Kansas Legislature, bills have been introduced to increase competitionrelated tax effect, are reported as a separate component of shareowners' equity until realized. At December 31, 1997, an unrealized gain of $12 million (net of deferred taxes of $13 million) was included in the electric industry. Among the matters under consideration is the recovery by utilitiesshareowners' equity. These securities had a fair value of costs in excessapproximately $75 million and a cost of competitive cost levels.approximately $50 million at December 31, 1997. There can bewere no assuranceavailable-for-sale securities held at this time that such costs will be recoverable if open competition is initiated in the electric utility market. In the event the company determines that it no longer meets the criteria set forth in SFAS 71, the accounting impact would be an extraordinary non-cash charge to operations of an amount that would be material. Criteria that give rise to the discontinuance of SFAS 71 include, (1) increasing competition that restricts the company's ability to establish prices to recover specific costs,December 31, 1996. Property, Plant and (2) a significant change in the manner in which rates are set by regulators from a cost-based regulation to another form of regulation. The company periodically reviews these criteria to ensure the continuing application of SFAS 71 is appropriate. Based on current evaluation of the various factorsEquipment: Property, plant and conditions that are expected to impact future cost recovery, the company believes that its net regulatory assets are probable of future recovery. Any regulatory changes that would require the company to discontinue SFAS 71 based upon competitive or other events may significantly impact the valuation of the company's net regulatory assets and its utility plant investments, particularly the Wolf Creek facility. At this time, the effect of competition and the amount of regulatory assets which could be recovered in such an environment cannot be predicted. See Note 9 for further discussion on regulatory assets. In January, 1996, the company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of" (SFAS 121). This Statement imposes stricter criteria for regulatory assets by requiring that such assets be probable of future recovery at each balance sheet date. Based on the current regulatory structure in which the company operates, the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the financial position or results of operations of the company. This conclusion may change in the future as competitive factors influence wholesale or retail pricing in the electric industry. Utility Plant: Utility plantequipment is stated at cost. For constructedutility plant, cost includes contracted services, direct labor and materials, indirect charges for engineering, supervision, general and administrative costs and an allowance for funds used during construction (AFUDC). The AFUDC rate was 5.7%5.80% in 1997, 5.70% in 1996 and 6.31% in 1995, and 4.08% in 1994.1995. The cost of additions to utility plant and replacement units of property are capitalized. Maintenance costs and replacement of minor items of property are charged to expense as incurred. When units of depreciable property are retired, they are removed from the plant accounts and the original cost plus removal charges less salvage value are charged to accumulated depreciation. In accordance with regulatory decisions made by the KCC, amortization of the acquisition premium of approximately $801 million resulting from the acquisition of KGE purchase began in August of 1995. The premium1992 is being amortized over 40 years and has beenyears. The acquisition premium is classified as electric plant in service. Accumulated amortization through December 31, 19961997 totaled $27.5$47.9 million. See Note 9 for further information concerning the amortization of this premium. Depreciation: DepreciationUtility plant is provideddepreciated on the straight-line method basedat rates approved by regulatory authorities. Utility plant is depreciated on an average annual composite basis using group rates that approximated 2.89% during 1997, 2.97% during 1996 and 2.84% during 1995. Nonutility property, plant and equipment of approximately $20 million is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of property. Composite provisions for book depreciation approximated 2.97% during 1996, 2.84% during 1995, and 2.87% during 1994 of the average original cost of depreciable property. In the past, the methods and rates have been determined by depreciation studies and approved by the various regulatory bodies. The company periodically evaluates its depreciation rates considering the past and expected future experience in the operation of its facilities. Environmental Remediation: Effective January 1, 1997, the company adopted the provisions of Statement of Position (SOP) 96-1, "Environmental Remediation Liabilities". This statement provides authoritative guidance for recognition, measurement, display, and disclosure of environmental remediation liabilities in financial statements. The company is currently evaluating and in the process of estimating the potential liability associated with environmental remediation. Management does not expect the amount to be significant to the company's results of operations as the company will seek recovery of these costs through rates as has been permitted by the KCC in the case of another Kansas utility. Additionally, the adoption of this statement is not expected to have a material impact on the company's financial position. To the extent that such remediation costs are not recovered through rates, the costs may be material to the company's operating results, depending on the degree of remediation required and number of years over which the remediation must be completed. Cash and Cash Equivalents: For purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, the company considers highly liquid collateralized debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Income Taxes: The company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109 "Accounting for Income Taxes" (SFAS 109). Under SFAS 109, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on temporary differences in amounts recorded for financial reporting purposes and their respective tax bases. Investment tax credits previously deferred are being amortized to income over the life of the property which gave rise to the credits (See Note 10). Revenues: Operating revenues for both electric and natural gas services include estimated amounts for services rendered but unbilled at the end of each year. Revenues for security services are recognized in the period earned. Unbilled revenues of $83 million and $66 million are recorded as a component of accounts receivable and unbilled revenues (net) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The company's recorded reserves for doubtful accounts receivable totaled $6.3 million and $4.9 million at December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Debt Issuance and Reacquisition Expense: Debt premium, discount, and issuance expenses are amortized over the life of each issue. Under regulatory procedures, debt reacquisition expenses are amortized over the remaining life of the reacquired debt or, if refinanced, the life of the new debt. See Note 9 for more information regarding regulatoryrelated assets. Risk Management: The company is exposed to fluctuations in price on the portfolio of natural gas transactions resulting from marketing activities of a non-regulated subsidiary. To minimize the risk from market fluctuations, the company enters into natural gas futures, swaps and options in order to hedge existing physical natural gas purchase or sale commitments. These financial instruments are designated as hedges of the underlying physical commitments and as such, gains or losses resulting from changes in market value of the various derivative instruments are deferred and recognized in income when the underlying physical transaction is closed. See Note 5 for further information. Fuel Costs: The cost of nuclear fuel in process of refinement, conversion, enrichment and fabrication is recorded as an asset at original cost and is amortized to expense based upon the quantity of heat produced for the generation of electricity. The accumulated amortization of nuclear fuel in the reactor at December 31, 1997 and 1996, was $20.9 million and 1995, was $25.3 million, respectively. Subscriber Accounts: The direct costs incurred to install a security system for a customer are capitalized. These costs include the costs of accounts purchased, the estimated fair value at the date of the acquisition for accounts acquired in business combinations, equipment, direct labor and $28.5 million, respectively. Cash Surrender Valueother direct costs for internally generated accounts. These costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the average expected life of Life Insurance Policies:a subscriber account, currently ten years. It is the company's policy to periodically evaluate subscriber account attrition utilizing historical attrition experience. Goodwill: Goodwill, which represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired, is generally amortized on a straight-line basis over 40 years. Regulatory Assets and Liabilities: Regulatory assets represent probable future revenue associated with certain costs that will be recovered from customers through the ratemaking process. The followingcompany has recorded these regulatory assets in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 71, "Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation." If the company were required to terminate application of that statement for all of its regulated operations, the company would have to record the amounts related to corporate-owned life insurance policies (COLI) are recordedof all regulatory assets and liabilities in Corporate-owned life insurance (net) onits Consolidated Statements of Income at that time. The company's earnings would be reduced by the Consolidated Balance Sheets: Attotal net amount in the table below, net of applicable income taxes. Regulatory assets reflected in the consolidated financial statements at December 31, 1997 are as follows: December 31, 1997 1996 1995 (Dollars in Millions) Cash surrender value of policies (1) . $ 563.0 $ 479.9 Borrowings against policies. . . . . . (476.8) (435.8) COLI (net)Thousands) Recoverable taxes. . . . . . . . . . . $ 86.2 $ 44.1 (1) Cash surrender value. $212,996 $217,257 Debt issuance costs. . . . . . . . . . . 75,336 78,532 Deferred employee benefit costs. . . . . 37,875 40,834 Deferred plant costs . . . . . . . . . . 30,979 31,272 Coal contract settlement costs . . . . . 16,032 21,037 Other regulatory assets. . . . . . . . . 7,203 8,794 Phase-in revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . - 26,317 Deferred cost of policies as presented representsnatural gas purchased . - 21,332 Service line replacement . . . . . . . . - 12,921 Total regulatory assets . . . . . . . . $380,421 $458,296 Recoverable income taxes: Recoverable income taxes represent amounts due from customers for accelerated tax benefits which have been flowed through to customers and are expected to be recovered when the valueaccelerated tax benefits reverse. Debt issuance costs: Debt reacquisition expenses are amortized over the remaining term of the policiesreacquired debt or, if refinanced, the term of the new debt. Debt issuance costs are amortized over the term of the associated debt. Deferred employee benefit costs: Deferred employee benefit costs will be recovered from income generated from the company's Affordable Housing Tax Credit (AHTC) investment program. Deferred plant costs: Disallowances related to the Wolf Creek nuclear generating facility. Coal contract settlement costs: The company deferred costs associated with the termination of certain coal purchase contracts. These costs are being amortized over periods ending in 2002 and 2013. The company expects to recover all of the above regulatory assets in rates. The regulatory assets noted above, with the exception of some coal contract settlement costs and debt issuance costs, other than the refinancing of the La Cygne 2 lease, are not included in rate base and, therefore, do not earn a return. On November 30, 1997, deferred costs associated with the service line replacement program and the deferred cost of natural gas purchased were transferred to ONEOK. Phase-in revenues were fully amortized in 1997. Minority Interests: Minority interests represent the minority shareowner's proportionate share of the shareowners' equity and net income of Protection One. Sales: Energy sales are recognized as ofservices are rendered and include estimated amounts for energy delivered but unbilled at the end of the respective policy yearseach year. Unbilled revenue of $37 million and not as of December 31, 1996 and 1995. Income$83 million is recorded for increases in cash surrender value and net death proceeds. Interest expense is recognized for COLI borrowings except for certain policies entered into in 1992 and 1993. The net income generated from COLI contracts purchased prior to 1992 including the tax benefitas a component of the interest deduction and premium expenses are recorded as Corporate-owned life insuranceaccounts receivable (net) on the Consolidated StatementsBalance Sheets at December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Security sales are recognized when installation of Income.an alarm system occurs and when monitoring or other security-related services are provided. The company's allowance for doubtful accounts receivable totaled $23.4 million, which included approximately $20 million of Protection One allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, and $6.3 million at December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Income Taxes: Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences in amounts recorded for financial reporting purposes and their respective tax bases. Investment tax credits previously deferred are being amortized to income over the life of the property which gave rise to the credits. Affordable Housing Tax Credit Program (AHTC): The company has received authorization from increases in cash surrender value and net death proceeds was $25.4the KCC to invest up to $114 million in 1996, $22.7AHTC investments. At December 31, 1997, the company had invested approximately $17 million to purchase AHTC investments in 1995, and $15.6limited partnerships. The company is committed to investing approximately $55 million more in 1994. The interest expense deduction taken was $27.6 millionAHTC investments by January 1, 2000. These investments are accounted for 1996, $25.4 million for 1995, and $21.0 million for 1994. The COLI policies entered into in 1992 and 1993 were establishedusing the equity method. Based upon an order received from the KCC, income generated from the AHTC investment, primarily tax credits, will be used to mitigate the cost ofoffset costs associated with postretirement and postemployment benefits. As approved bybenefits offered to the KCC,company's employees. Tax credits are recognized in the year generated. Risk Management: To minimize the risk from market fluctuations in the price of electricity, the company utilizes financial and commodity instruments (derivatives) to reduce price risk. Gains or losses on derivatives associated with firm commitments are generally recognized as adjustments to cost of sales or revenues when the associated transactions affect earnings. Gains or losses on derivatives associated with forecasted transactions are generally recognized when such forecasted transactions affect earnings. New Pronouncements: In 1997, the company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings Per Share" (SFAS 128). Basic earnings per share is usingcalculated based upon the net income stream generated by these COLI policies to offsetaverage weighted number of common shares outstanding during the costsperiod. There were no significant amounts of postretirement and postemployment benefits. A regulatory asset totaling $41 million and $35 million isdilutive securities outstanding at December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively, related to deferred postretirement and postemployment costs. On August 2, 1996, Congress passed legislation that will phase out tax benefits associated with the 1992 and 1993 COLI policies. The loss of tax benefits will significantly reduce the COLI earnings. The company is evaluating other methods to replace the 1992 and 1993 COLI policies. The company also has the ability to seek recovery of postretirement and postemployment costs through the rate making process. Regulatory precedents established by the KCC are expected to permit the accrued costs of postretirement and postemployment benefits to be recovered in rates. If a suitable COLI replacement product cannot be found, or these costs cannot be recovered in rates,1995. Effective January 1, 1997, the company may be required to expenseadopted the regulatory asset. The company currently expects to be able to findprovisions of Statement of Position (SOP) 96-1, "Environmental Remediation Liabilities". This statement provides authoritative guidance for recognition, measurement, display and disclosure of environmental remediation liabilities in financial statements. Adoption of this statement did not have a suitable COLI replacement. The legislation had minimal impact onmaterial adverse effect upon the Company's COLI policies entered into prior to 1992. (See Notes 9 and 12).company's overall financial position or results of operations. Reclassifications: Certain amounts in prior years have been reclassified to conform with classifications used in the current year presentation. 2. PROPOSEDGAIN ON SALE OF EQUITY SECURITIES During 1996, the company acquired 27% of the common shares of ADT Limited, Inc. (ADT) and made an offer to acquire the remaining ADT common shares. ADT rejected this offer and in July 1997, ADT merged with Tyco International Ltd. (Tyco). ADT and Tyco completed their merger by exchanging ADT common stock for Tyco common stock. Following the ADT and Tyco merger, the company's equity investment in ADT became an available-for-sale security. During the third quarter of 1997, the company sold its Tyco common shares for approximately $1.5 billion. The company recorded a pre-tax gain of $864 million on the sale and recorded tax expense of approximately $345 million in connection with this gain. 3. SECURITY ALARM MONITORING BUSINESS PURCHASES In 1997 the company acquired three monitored security alarm companies. Each acquisition was accounted for as a purchase and, accordingly, the operating results for each acquired company have been included in the company's consolidated financial statements since the date of acquisition. Preliminary purchase price allocations have been made based upon the fair value of the net assets acquired. The company acquired Network Multi-Family Security Corporation (Network Multi-Family) in September, 1997 for approximately $171 million and acquired Centennial Holdings, Inc. (Centennial) in November 1997 for approximately $94 million. The company also acquired an approximate 82.4% equity interest in Protection One in November 1997. Protection One is a publicly traded security company. The company paid approximately $258 million in cash and contributed all of its existing security business net assets, other than Network Multi-Family, in exchange for its ownership interest in Protection One. Amounts contributed included funds used to pay existing Protection One common shareowners, option holders and warrant holders a dividend of $7.00 per common share. The company has an option to purchase up to 2.8 million additional common shares of Protection One for $15.50 per share. The option period extends to a date not later than October 31, 1999. The company assigned approximately $278 million of the total purchase price to subscriber accounts and approximately $620 million to goodwill in connection with these security acquisitions. The subscriber accounts are being amortized over ten years and goodwill is being amortized over 40 years. Consideration paid, assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with these security acquisitions is summarized as follows: (Dollars in Thousands) Fair value of assets acquired, net of cash acquired . . . . . $1,001,094 Cash paid, net of cash acquired of $88,822 . . . . . . . . . . (438,717) Total liabilities assumed. . $ 562,377 The following unaudited, pro forma information for the company's security business segment has been prepared assuming the Centennial, Network Multi-Family and Protection One acquisitions occurred at the beginning of each period. 1997 1996 (Dollars in Thousands, except per share data) Net Revenues. . . . . . . $284,411 $241,841 Net Loss. . . . . . . . . (47,290) (24,762) Net Loss per Share. . . . ($0.73) ($0.39) The pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations had the entities been combined for the entire period, nor do they purport to be indicative of results which will be obtained in the future. In December 1997, Protection One recorded a special non-recurring charge of approximately $40 million. Approximately $28 million of this charge reflects the elimination of redundant facilities and activities and the write-off of inventory and other assets which are no longer of continuing value to Protection One. The remaining $12 million of this charge reflects the estimated costs to transition all security alarm monitoring operations to the Protection One brand. Protection One intends to complete these exit activities by the fourth quarter of 1998. In January 1998, Protection One announced that it will acquire the monitored security alarm business of Multimedia Security Services, Inc. (Multimedia Security) for approximately $220 million in cash. The acquisition is expected to close in the first quarter of 1998. Multimedia Security has approximately 140,000 subscribers concentrated primarily in California, Florida, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas. On February 4, 1998, Protection One exercised its option to acquire the stock of Network Holdings, Inc., the parent company of Network Multi-Family, from the company for approximately $178 million. The company expects Protection One to borrow money from a revolving credit agreement provided by Westar Capital, a subsidiary of Western Resources, to purchase Network Multi-Family. 4. STRATEGIC ALLIANCE WITH ONEOK INC. In November 1997, the company completed its strategic alliance with ONEOK. The company contributed substantially all of its regulated and non-regulated natural gas business to ONEOK in exchange for a 45% ownership interest in ONEOK. The company's ownership interest in ONEOK is comprised of approximately 3.1 million common shares and approximately 19.9 million convertible preferred shares. If all the preferred shares were converted, the company would own approximately 45% of ONEOK's common shares presently outstanding. The agreement with ONEOK allows the company to appoint two members to ONEOK's board of directors. The company will account for its common ownership in accordance with the equity method of accounting. Subsequent to the formation of the strategic alliance, the consolidated energy revenues, related cost of sales and operating expenses for the company's natural gas business have been replaced by investment earnings in ONEOK. 5. MERGER AGREEMENT WITH KANSAS CITY POWER & LIGHT COMPANY On April 14, 1996, in a letter to Mr. A. Drue Jennings, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of Kansas City Power & Light Company (KCPL), the company proposed an offer to mergeThe original merger agreement signed with KCPL (KCPL Merger). On November 15, 1996, the company and KCPL announced that representatives of their respective boards and managements met to discuss the proposed merger transaction. Onon February 7, 1997 KCPLis currently being renegotiated and the company entered into anregulatory approval process for the original merger agreement whereby KCPLhas been suspended. In December 1997, representatives of our financial advisor indicated that they believed it was unlikely that they would be merged with and intoin a position to issue a required fairness opinion for the company. The merger agreement provides for a tax-free, stock-for-stock transaction valued at approximately $2 billion. Underon the termsbasis of the agreement, KCPL shareowners will receive $32previously announced terms. The company cannot predict the timing or the ultimate outcome of company common stock per KCPL common share, subject to an exchange ratio collar of not less than 0.917 to no more than 1.100 common shares. Consummationthese discussions. Given the status of the KCPL Merger is subject to customary conditions including obtainingtransaction, we have reviewed the approvaldeferred costs and have determined that for accounting purposes, $48 million of KCPL's and the company's shareowners and various regulatory agencies. The company expects todeferred costs should be able to close the KCPL Mergerexpensed. These costs were expensed in the first halffourth quarter of 1998. See Note 9 for discussion of rate proceedings. The KCPL Merger, will create a company with more than two million security and energy customers, $9.5 billion in total assets, $3.0 billion in annual revenues and more than 8,000 megawatts of electric generation resources. As a result of the merger agreement, the company terminated its exchange offer that had been effective since July 3, 1996. The KCPL Merger is designed to qualify as a pooling of interests for financial reporting purposes. Under this method, the recorded assets and liabilities of the company and KCPL would be carried forward at historical amounts to a combined balance sheet. Prior period operating results and the consolidated statements of financial position, cash flows and capitalization would be restated to effect the combination for all periods presented. KCPL is a public utility company engaged in the generation, transmission, distribution, and sale of electricity to approximately 430,000 customers in western Missouri and eastern Kansas. KCPL and the company have joint interests in certain electric generating assets, including Wolf Creek. As of December 31, 1996, the company has incurred approximately $32 million of transaction costs associated with the KCPL Merger. The company anticipates expensing these costs in the first reporting period subsequent to closing the KCPL Merger. As of December 31, 1996, costs incurred have been included in Deferred Charges and Other Assets, Other on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. 3. ADT LIMITED, INC. Investment in ADT Limited, Inc.: During 1996, the company purchased approximately 38 million common shares of ADT Limited, Inc. (ADT) for approximately $589 million. The shares purchased represent approximately 27% of ADT's common shares making the company the largest shareowner of ADT. These purchases were financed entirely with short-term borrowings. ADT is North America's largest monitored security services company with $1.8 billion in annual revenues. ADT has approximately 1.2 million customers in North America and abroad and has approximately 18,000 employees. The company uses the equity method of accounting for this investment. Goodwill of approximately $369 million is associated with this investment and is being amortized over 40 years and is presented net in Equity in earnings of investees and other on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Accumulated amortization approximates $6.5 million at December 31, 1996. ADT recently announced that it would record a net charge to income of approximately $60 million during 1996. This charge is primarily related to one-time restructuring charges resulting from its merger with another security company, partially offset by a gain on the sale of non-strategic assets. The company recognized its share of this charge equal to $11.8 million or approximately $0.19 per share, net of tax, as a component of Equity in earnings of investees and other on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Proposed Acquisition of ADT: On December 18, 1996, the company announced its intention to offer to exchange $22.50 in cash ($7.50) and shares ($15.00) of the company's common stock for each outstanding common share of ADT not already owned by the company or its subsidiaries (ADT Offer). The value of the ADT Offer, assuming the company's average stock price prior to closing is above $29.75 per common share, is approximately $3.5 billion, including the company's existing investment in ADT. Following completion of the ADT Offer, the company presently intends to propose and seek to have ADT effect an amalgamation, pursuant to which a newly created subsidiary of the company incorporated under the laws of Bermuda will amalgamate with and into ADT (Amalgamation). Based upon the closing stock price of the company on March 13, 1997, approximately 60.1 million shares of company common stock would be issuable pursuant to the acquisition of ADT. However, the actual number of shares of company common stock that would be issuable in connection with the ADT Offer and the Amalgamation will depend on the exchange ratio and the number of shares validly tendered prior to the expiration date of the ADT Offer and the number of shares of ADT outstanding at the time the Amalgamation is completed. On March 3, 1997, the company announced a change in the ADT Offer. Under the terms of the revised ADT Offer, ADT shareowners would receive $10 cash plus 0.41494 of a share of company common stock for each share of ADT tendered, based on the closing price of the company's common stock on March 13, 1997. ADT shareowners would not, however, receive more than 0.42017 shares of company common stock for each ADT common share. Concurrent with the announcement of the ADT Offer on December 18, 1996, the company filed a registration statement on Form S-4 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) related to the ADT Offer. On March 14, 1997, the registration statement was declared effective by the SEC. The expiration date of the ADT Offer is 5 p.m., EDT, April 15, 1997, and may be extended from time to time by the company until the various conditions to the ADT Offer have been satisfied or waived. The ADT Offer will be subject to the approval of ADT and company shareowners. On January 23, 1997, the waiting period for the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act expired. On February 7, 1997, the company received regulatory approval from the KCC to issue company common stock and debt necessary for the ADT Offer. See Note 5 for summary financial information concerning ADT. On March 17, 1997, ADT announced that it had entered into a definitive merger agreement pursuant to which Tyco International Ltd. (Tyco), a diversified manufacturer of industrial and commercial products, would effectively acquire ADT in a stock for stock transaction valued at $5.6 billion, or approximately $29 per ADT share of common stock. On March 18, 1997, the company issued a press release indicating that it had mailed the details of the ADT Offer to ADT shareowners and that it would be reviewing the Tyco offer as well as considering its alternatives to such offer and assessing its rights as an ADT shareowner. See Note 3 for more information regarding this investment and the proposed ADT Offer. 4. ACQUISITIONS On December 31, 1996, Westar Capital bought the assets of Westinghouse Security Systems, Inc. (WSS). This acquisition, which was accounted for as a purchase, significantly expands the scope of the company's security service operations. Westar Capital paid approximately $358 million in cash, subject to adjustment, to purchase the assets and assume certain liabilities of WSS. Based on a preliminary estimate of the purchase price allocation, the company recorded approximately $275 million of goodwill to be amortized over 40 years. This balance is included in Security business and other property on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Since the transaction closed on December 31, 1996, no operating results are reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Income. For the year ended December 31, 1996, WSS reported $110 million in revenues. As of December 31, 1996, the company consolidated WSS' financial position in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The company financed this acquisition with short-term borrowings. During 1996, the company also acquired The Wing Group and three small security system companies. The Wing Group develops international power projects. In connection with these acquisitions, the company gave consideration of approximately $33.8 million in cash and 683,333 shares of common stock. In connection with the acquisitions, liabilities were assumed as follows: (Dollars in Millions) Fair value of assets acquired $ 38.8 Consideration paid $(33.8) Liabilities assumed $ 5.0 Each acquisition was accounted for as a purchase. Goodwill related to these acquisitions of approximately $32.9 million is presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as Security business and other property and is being amortized over 20 years. Accumulated amortization of approximately $943,000 has been recognized to date. The purchase agreement related to The Wing Group allows the company, at its option, to purchase ownership interests in power projects in which the former owners of The Wing Group have rights. In 1996, the company gave shares of common stock to the former owners of The Wing Group in return for a nine percent equity interest in a power project in Turkey. See Note 8 for information with respect to investment commitments made by the company on behalf of The Wing Group. 5. NON-REGULATED6. INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES Certain non-regulated subsidiaries use natural gas futures, swaps and options contracts to reduce the effects of natural gas commodity price volatility on operating results which include price risk and basis risk. Price risk is the difference in price between the physical commodity being hedged and the price of the futures contracts used for hedging. Natural gas options held to hedge price risk provide the right, but not the requirement, to buy or sell natural gas at a fixed price. Basis risk is the risk that an adverse change in the futures market will not be completely offset by an equal and opposite change in the cash price of the commodity being hedged. Basis risk exists in natural gas primarily due to the geographical price differentials between cash market locations and futures contract delivery locations. In general, the company's risk management policy requires that positions taken with derivatives be offset by positions in physical transactions or other derivatives. All of the company's financial instruments are held for purposes other than trading. The derivative instruments used to hedge commodity transactions have historically had a high correlation with commodity prices and are expected to continue to do so. The correlation of indices and prices is regularly evaluated by management to ensure that the instruments continue to be effective hedges. In the event that the correlation falls below allowable levels, the gains or losses associated with hedging instruments are recognized in the current period to the extent that correlation was lost. The maturity of the derivative instruments is timed to coincide with the hedged transaction. If the hedged transaction is terminated early or if an anticipated transaction fails to occur, the deferred gain or loss associated with the derivative instrument is recognized in the period and the hedge is closed. The company has historically used natural gas futures and options contracts traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange and natural gas financial swaps with various third parties to reduce exposure to price risk when gas is not bought and sold simultaneously. At December 31, 1996, the company had a deferred gain of $3.4 million representing unrealized gains on forward commitments that will mature through the year 2000. The consolidated financial statements include the company's equity investments in ADTONEOK, Guardian International (Guardian) and Hanover Compressor Company (Hanover) each accounted for under the equity method of accounting.Onsite Energy Corporation (Onsite). The company's equity investments, (not includingnet of the amortization of goodwill)goodwill in these entities, at December 31, 1997 and equity in earnings in 1997, are as follows: 1996 1995Ownership Equity Percentage Investment in Earnings (Dollars in Thousands) Ownership Interest ADT 27% $596,598 $ONEOK Inc. (1). . . . . . . 45% $596,206 $1,970 Guardian (2). . . . . . . . 41% 9,174 $25 Onsite (3). . . . . . . . . 30% 3,312 - Hanover 24% 64,166 55,963(1) Includes equity earnings on the company's common stock investment between ONEOK and the company. (2) The company's equitycompany acquired a common and convertible preferred stock interest in earningsGuardian, a Florida-based security alarm monitoring company, during October 1997, in exchange for cash. (3) The company acquired a common and convertible preferred stock interest in Onsite, a California energy services company, during October, 1997, in exchange for cash and certain energy service assets of these entities is as follows: Year Ended December 31 1996 1995 (Dollars in Thousands) ADT $ 7,236 $ - Hanover 2,137 33the company. Summarized combined financial information of ADT and Hanoverfor the company's equity investments is presented below: As of and for the year endedbelow. December 31, 1996(1) 1995(1)1997 (Dollars in Thousands) Balance Sheet: Current assets . . . . . . . $ 531,275 $ 43,603 Noncurrent535,348 Non-current assets 2,295,824 207,316. . . . . 1,771,900 Current liabilities 433,845 20,333 Noncurrent liabilities 1,493,900 64,390liabilities. . . . . 445,770 Non-current liabilities. . . 737,975 Equity 899,354 166,196. . . . . . . . . . . 1,123,503 Year ended December 31, 1997 (Dollars in Thousands) Income Statement: Revenues 1,887,180 95,964. . . . . . . . . . $1,241,164 Operating expenses 2,559,707 90,350. . . . . 1,147,866 Net income (loss) (670,326)(2) 5,614 (1) Information. . . . . . . . . 57,248 Balance sheet and income statement information is presented as of and for ADTthe most recent twelve-month period for which public information is based on ADT's quarterly report on Form 10-Q. ADT'savailable. ONEOK's balance sheet and income statement information is presented as of and resultsfor the twelve months ended November 30, 1997. Guardian and Onsite's balance sheet and income statement information is presented as of operations representand for the twelve months ended September 30, 1996, based on publicly available information. Hanover's financial information is presented as of November 30, 1996, the most recent information available.1997. The company cannot give any assurance ofas to the accuracy of the public information so obtained. (2) ADT's net income through September 30, 1996 as reported in its Form 10-Q for the nine months ended September 30, 1996, includes a one-time charge related to the adoption of SFAS 121. This charge for approximately $745 million was incurred prior toDuring 1997, the company's equity investment in ADT.ADT was converted to an available-for-sale security investment in Tyco. The company cannot give any assurancerecognized equity in earnings from the ADT investment of the accuracy of the information so obtained. 6. PROPOSED STRATEGIC ALLIANCE On December 12,$24 million and $7 million in 1997 and 1996, the company and ONEOK Inc. (ONEOK) announced an agreement to form a strategic alliance combining the natural gas assets of both companies. Under the agreement for the proposed strategic alliance, the company will contribute its natural gas business to a new company (New ONEOK) in exchange for a 45% equity interest. The recorded net property value being contributed atrespectively. At December 31, 1996, is estimated at $600 million (unaudited). No gain or loss is expected to be recorded as a result of the proposed transaction. The proposed transaction is subject to satisfaction of customary conditions, including approval by ONEOK shareowners and regulatory authorities. The company is working towards consummation of the transaction during the second half of 1997. The equity interest would be comprised of approximately 3.0 million common shares and 19.3 million convertible preferred shares. Upon consummation of the proposed alliance, the company will record its common equity interest in New ONEOK's earnings using the equity method of accounting. Earnings for the convertible preferred shares held will be recognized and recorded based upon preferred dividends paid. The convertible preferred shares are expected to pay an initial dividend rate of $1.80 per share. For its fiscal year ended August 31, 1996, ONEOK reported operating revenues of $1.2 billion and net income of $52.8 million. The structure of the proposed alliance is not expected to have any immediate income tax consequences to either company or to either company's shareowners. 7. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS The company has requested that the District Court for the Southern District of Florida require that ADT hold a special shareowners meeting no later than March 20, 1997. In its filing, the company claims that the ADT board of directors has breached its fiduciary and statutory duties and that there is no reason to delay the special meeting until July 8, 1997 as established by ADT. See Note 3 for additional information regarding the proposed acquisition of ADT. On December 26, 1996, an ADT shareowner filed a purported class action complaint against ADT, ADT's board of directors, the company and the company's wholly-owned subsidiary, Westar Capital in the Civil Division of the Circuit Court of the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit in Palm Beach County, Florida. (Charles Gachot v. ADT, Ltd., Western Resources, Inc., Westar Capital, Inc., Michael A. Ashcroft, et al., Case No. 96-10912-AN) The complaint alleges, among other things, that the company and Westar Capital are breaching their fiduciary duties to ADT's shareowners by failing to offer "an appropriate premium for the controlling interest"27% investment in ADT and by holding "an effective blocking position" that prevents independent parties from bidding for ADT. The complaint seeks preliminary and permanent relief enjoining the company from acquiring the outstanding shares of ADT and unspecified damages. The company believes it has good and valid defenses to the claims asserted and does not anticipate any material adverse effect upon its overall financial condition or results of operations. Subject to the approval of the KCC, the company entered into five new gas supply contracts with certain entities affiliated with The Bishop Group, Ltd. (Bishop entities) which are currently regulated by the KCC. A contested hearing was held for the approval of those contracts. While the case was under consideration by the KCC, the FERC issued an order under which it extended jurisdiction over the Bishop entities. On November 3, 1995, the KCC stayed its consideration of the contracts between the company and the Bishop entities until the FERC takes final appealable action on its assertion of jurisdiction over the Bishop entities. On June 28, 1996, the KCC issued its order by dismissing the company's application for approval of the contracts and of recovery of the related costs from its customers. The company appealed this ruling and on January 24, 1997, the Kansas Court of Appeals reversed the KCC order and upheld the contracts and the company's recovery of related costs from its customers were approved by operation of law. As part of the acquisition of WSS on December 31, 1996, WSS assigned to WestSec, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Westar Capital established to acquire the assets of WSS, a software license with Innovative Business Systems (IBS) which is integral to the operation of its security business. On January 8, 1997, IBS filed litigation in Dallas County, Texas in the 298th Judicial District Court concerning the assignment of the license to WestSec, (Innovative Business Systems (Overseas) Ltd., and Innovative Business Software, Inc. v. Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Westinghouse Security Systems, Inc., WestSec, Inc., Western Resources, Inc., et al., Cause No. 97-00184). The company and Westar Capital have demanded Westinghouse Electric Corporation defend and indemnify them. While the loss of use of the license may have a material impact on the operations of WestSec, management of the company currently does not believe that the ultimate disposition of this matter will have a material adverse effect upon the company's overall financial condition or results of operations The company and its subsidiaries are involved in various other legal, environmental, and regulatory proceedings. Management believes that adequate provision has been made and accordingly believes that the ultimate dispositions of these matters will not have a material adverse effect upon the company's overall financial position or results of operations. 8.approximately $597 million. 7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES As part of its ongoing operations and construction program, the company has commitments under purchase orders and contracts which have an unexpended balance of approximately $69.9$87.8 million at December 31, 1996. Approximately $12.8 million is attributable1997. International Power Project Commitments: The company has ownership interests in international power generation projects under construction in Colombia and the Republic of Turkey and in existing power generation facilities in the People's Republic of China. In 1998, commitments are not expected to modifications to upgrade the three turbines at Jeffrey Energy Center to be completed by December 31, 1998. In January 1994, the company entered into an agreement with Oklahoma Municipal Power Authority (OMPA). Under the agreement, the company received a prepayment of approximately $41 million for which the company will provide capacity and transmission services to OMPA through the year 2013.exceed $53 million. Currently, equity commitments beyond 1998 approximate $88 million. Manufactured Gas Sites: The company has been associated with 15 former manufactured gas sites located in Kansas which may contain coal tar and other potentially harmful materials. The company and the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) entered into a consent agreement governing all future work at the 15 sites. The terms of the consent agreement will allow the company to investigate these sites and set remediation priorities based upon the results of the investigations and risk analyses. The prioritized sites will be investigated over a ten year period. The agreement will allowanalysis. At December 31, 1997, the company to set mutual objectives with the KDHE in order to expedite effective response activities and to control costs and environmental impact. The costs incurred for preliminary site investigation and risk assessment in 1996 and 1995 werehave been minimal. In accordance with the terms of the strategic alliance with ONEOK, agreement, ownership of twelve of these sites and the aforementionedresponsibility for clean-up of these sites will bewere transferred to New ONEOK upon closing.ONEOK. The ONEOK agreement limits the company's liabilitiesour future liability to an immaterial amount for future remediationamount. Our share of ONEOK income could be impacted by these sites. Superfund Sites:costs. Clean Air Act: The company is onemust comply with the provisions of numerous potentially responsible parties at a groundwater contamination site in Wichita, Kansas (Wichita site) which is listed by the EPA as a Superfund site. The company has previously been associated with other Superfund sites of which the company's liability has been classified as de minimis and any potential obligations have been settled at minimal cost. In 1994, the company settled Superfund obligations at three sites for a total of $57,500. No Superfund obligations have been settled since 1994. The company's obligation at the Wichita site appears to be limited based on this experience. In the opinion of the company's management, the resolution of this matter is not expected to have a material impact on the company's financial position or results of operations. Clean Air Act: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (the Act)that require a two-phase reduction in certain emissions. To meet the monitoring and reporting requirements under the acid rain program, theThe company has installed continuous monitoring and reporting equipment at a total cost of approximately $10 million as of December 31, 1996.to meet the acid rain requirements. The company does not expect material capital expenditures to be neededrequired to meet Phase II sulfur dioxide requirements. Theand nitrogen oxides(NOx) and toxic limits, which were not set in the law, were proposed by the EPA in January 1996. The company is currently evaluating the steps it would need to take in order to comply with the proposed new rules. The company will have three years from the date the limits were proposed to comply with the new NOx rules.oxide requirements. Decommissioning: The company accrues decommissioning costs over the expected life of the Wolf Creek generating facility. The accrual is based on estimated unrecovered decommissioning costs which consider inflation over the remaining estimated life of the generating facility and are net of expected earnings on amounts recovered from customers and deposited in an external trust fund. On August 30, 1996, WCNOC submittedIn February 1997, the KCC approved the 1996 Decommissioning Cost Study to the KCC for approval. Approval of this study was received from the KCC on February 28, 1997.Study. Based on the study, the company's share of theseWolf Creek's decommissioning costs, under the immediate dismantlement method, is estimated to be approximately $624 million during the period 2025 through 2033, or approximately $192 million in 1996 dollars. These costs were calculated using an assumed inflation rate of 3.6% over the remaining service life from 1996 of 29 years. Decommissioning costs are currently being charged to operating expenses in accordance with the prior KCC orders. Electric rates charged to customers provide for recovery of these decommissioning costs over the life of Wolf Creek. Amounts expensed approximated $3.7 million in 19961997 and will increase annually to $5.6 million in 2024. These expenses are deposited in an external trust fund. The average after tax expected return on trust assets is 5.7%. Approval of this funding schedule is still pending with the KCC. The company's investment in the decommissioning fund, including reinvested earnings approximated $33.0$43.5 million and $25.1$33.0 million at December 31, 19961997 and December 31, 1995,1996, respectively. Trust fund earnings accumulate in the fund balance and increase the recorded decommissioning liability. These amounts are reflected in Investments and Other Property, Decommissioning trust, and the related liability is included in Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities, Other, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The SEC staff of the SEC has questioned certain current accounting practices used by nuclearthe way electric generating station owners regarding the recognition, measurement,utilities recognize, measure and classification ofclassify decommissioning costs for nuclear electric generating stations.stations in their financial statements. In response to thesethe SEC's questions, the Financial Accounting Standards Board is expected to issue newreviewing the accounting standards for closure and removal costs, including decommissioning in 1997.of nuclear power plants. If current electric utility industry accounting practices for suchnuclear power plant decommissioning costs are changed: (1)changed, the following could occur: - The company's annual decommissioning expensesexpense could increase, (2) thebe higher than in 1997 - The estimated present value ofcost for decommissioning costs could be recorded as a liability rather(rather than as accumulated depreciation, and (3) trust fund income from the external decommissioning trustsdepreciation) - The increased costs could be reportedrecorded as additional investment income rather than as a reduction to decommissioning expense. When revised accounting guidance is issued,in the company will also have to evaluate its effect on accounting for removal costs of other long-lived assets.Wolf Creek plant The company isdoes not able to predict what effectbelieve that such changes, if required, would have onadversely affect its operating results of operations, financial position, or related regulatory practices until the final issuance of revised accounting guidance, but such effect could be material.due to its current ability to recover decommissioning costs through rates. Nuclear Insurance: The company carries premature decommissioning insurance which has several restrictions. One of these is that it can only be used if Wolf Creek incurs an accident exceeding $500 million in expenses to safely stabilize the reactor, to decontaminate the reactor and reactor station site in accordance with a plan approved by the NRC,Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and to pay for on-site property damages. This decommissioning insurance will only be available if the insurance funds are not needed to implement the NRC-approved plan for stabilization and decontamination. Nuclear Insurance: The Price-Anderson Act limits the combined public liability of the owners of nuclear power plants to $8.9 billion for a single nuclear incident. If this liability limitation is insufficient, the U.S. Congress will consider taking whatever action is necessary to compensate the public for valid claims. The Wolf Creek owners (Owners) have purchased the maximum available private insurance of $200 million and themillion. The remaining balance is provided by an assessment plan mandated by the NRC. Under this plan, the Owners are jointly and severally subject to a retrospective assessment of up to $79.3 million ($37.3 million, company's share) in the event there is a major nuclear incident involving any of the nation's licensed reactors. This assessment is subject to an inflation adjustment based on the Consumer Price Index and applicable premium taxes. There is a limitation of $10 million ($4.7 million, company's share) in retrospective assessments per incident, per year. The Owners carry decontamination liability, premature decommissioning liability and property damage insurance for Wolf Creek totaling approximately $2.8 billion ($1.3 billion, company's share). This insurance is provided by a combination of "nuclear insurance pools" ($500 million) and Nuclear Electric Insurance Limited (NEIL) ($2.3 billion). In the event of an accident, insurance proceeds must first be used for reactor stabilization and site decontamination. The company's share of any remaining proceeds can be used for property damage or premature decommissioning costs up to $1.3 billion (company's share).costs. Premature decommissioning insurance cost recovery is the excess ofcoverage applies only if an accident at Wolf Creek exceeds $500 million in property damage and decommissioning expenses and only after trust funds previously collected for decommissioning (as discussed under "Decommissioning").have been exhausted. The Owners also carry additional insurance with NEIL to cover costs of replacement power and other extra expenses incurred during a prolonged outage resulting from accidental property damage at Wolf Creek. If losses incurred at any of the nuclear plants insured under the NEIL policies exceed premiums, reserves and other NEIL resources, the company may be subject to retrospective assessments under the current policies of approximately $8$9 million per year. Although the company maintains various insurance policies to provide coverage for potential losses and liabilities resulting from an accident or an extended outage, the company's insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover the costs that could result from a catastrophic accident or extended outage at Wolf Creek. Any substantial losses not covered by insurance, to the extent not recoverable through rates, would have a material adverse effect on the company's financial condition and results of operations. Fuel Commitments: To supply a portion of the fuel requirements for its generating plants, the company has entered into various commitments to obtain nuclear fuel and coal. Some of these contracts contain provisions for price escalation and minimum purchase commitments. At December 31, 1996, WCNOC's1997, Wolf Creek's nuclear fuel commitments (company's share) were approximately $15.4$9.9 million for uranium concentrates expiring at various times through 2001, $59.4$35.1 million for enrichment expiring at various times through 2003 and $70.3$67.4 million for fabrication through 2025. At December 31, 1996,1997, the company's coal contract commitments in 19961997 dollars under the remaining terms of the contracts were approximately $2.6$2.4 billion. The largest coal contract expires in 2020, with the remaining coal contracts expiring at various times through 2013. Energy Act: As part of the 1992 Energy Policy Act, a special assessment is being collected from utilities for a uranium enrichment, decontamination, and decommissioning fund. The company's portion of the assessment for Wolf Creek is approximately $7 million, payable over 15 years. Management expects such costs to be recovered through the ratemaking process. Investment Commitments: During 1996, The Wing Group obtained ownership interests in independent power generation projects under construction in Turkey and Colombia. The Wing Group or other non-regulated company subsidiaries are committed to future funding of equity interests in these projects. In 1997, commitments are not expected to exceed $31 million. Currently, equity commitments beyond 1997 are approximately $3 million. The company has also committed $105 million through June of 1998 to power generation projects in the People's Republic of China. 9. 8. RATE MATTERS AND REGULATION Utility expenses and credits recognized as regulatory assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are recognized in income as the related amounts are included in service rates and recovered from or refunded to customers in utility revenues. The company expects to recover the following regulatory assets in rates: December 31, 1996 1995 (Dollars in Thousands) Coal contract settlement costs $ 21,037 $ 27,274 Service line replacement 12,921 14,164 Post employment/retirement benefits (See Note 12) 40,834 35,057 Deferred plant costs 31,272 31,539 Phase-in revenues 26,317 43,861 Debt issuance costs (See Note 1) 78,532 80,354 Deferred cost of gas purchased 21,332 20,318 Other regulatory assets 8,794 9,826 Total regulatory assets $241,039 $262,393 Coal Contract Settlements: In March 1990, the KCC issued an order allowing KGE to defer its share of a 1989 coal contract settlement with the Pittsburg and Midway Coal Mining Company amounting to $22.5 million. This amount was recorded as a deferred charge and is included in Deferred Charges and Other Assets, Regulatory assets, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The settlement resulted in the termination of a long-term coal contract. The KCC permitted KGE to recover this settlement as follows: 76% of the settlement plus a return over the remaining term of the terminated contract (through 2002) and 24% to be amortized to expense with a deferred return equivalent to the carrying cost of the asset. In September 1994, the FERC issued an order allowing the company to defer $24.5 million in costs associated with the buy-out of a long-term coal supply contract with American Metal Climax (AMAX) to supply the Lawrence and Tecumseh Energy Centers. The deferred costs are included in the Deferred Charges and Other Assets, Regulatory assets, section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets and are amortized monthly to expense over the life of the original AMAX contract (through 2013). Service Line Replacement: On January 24, 1992, the KCC issued an order allowing the company to continue the deferral of service line replacement program costs incurred since January 1, 1992, including depreciation, property taxes, and carrying costs for recovery. As part of the natural gas distribution rate case settlement on July 11, 1996 (See discussion of natural gas distribution rate case above), the company was permitted to begin amortizing these costs in July 1996. Approximately $431,000 will be amortized each month through June 1999. At December 31, 1996, approximately $12.9 million of these deferrals have been included in Deferred Charges and Other Assets, Regulatory assets, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. These deferrals will become a responsibility of New ONEOK, when the alliance with ONEOK is consummated. Deferred Plant Costs: In 1986, KGE recognized the effects of Wolf Creek related disallowances in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 90 "Regulated Enterprises - Accounting for Abandonments and Disallowances of Plant Costs". Phase-in Revenues: In 1988, the KCC ordered the accrual of phase-in revenues to be discontinued by KGE effective December 31, 1988. KGE began amortizing the phase-in revenue asset on a straight-line basis over 9 l/2 years beginning January 1, 1989. At December 31, 1996, approximately $26 million of deferred phase-in revenues remain to be recovered. Deferred Cost of Gas Purchased: The company, under rate orders from the KCC, OCC, and FERC, recovers increases in fuel and natural gas costs through fuel adjustment clauses for wholesale and certain retail electric customers and various cost of gas riders (COGR) for natural gas customers. The KCC and the OCC require the annual difference between actual gas cost incurred and cost recovered through the application of the COGR be deferred and amortized through rates in subsequent periods. KCC Rate Proceedings: On August 17, 1995, the company and KGE filed three proceedings with the KCC. The first sought a $36 million increase in revenues from the company's natural gas distribution business. In separate dockets, the company and KGE filed withJanuary 1997, the KCC a request to more rapidly recover KGE's investment in its assets of Wolf Creek over the next seven years by increasing depreciation by $50 million each year and a request to reduce annual depreciation expense by approximately $11 million for electric transmission, distribution and certain generating plant assets to reflect the useful lives of these properties more accurately. The company sought to reduceapproved an agreement that reduced electric rates for KGE customers by approximatelyboth KPL and KGE. Significant terms of the agreement are as follows: - The company made permanent an interim $8.7 million annually in each of the seven years of accelerated Wolf Creek depreciation. On April 15, 1996, the KCC issued an order allowing a revenue increase of $33.8 million in the company's natural gas distribution business. On May 3, 1996, the company filed a Petition for Reconsideration and on July 11, 1996, the KCC issued its Order on Reconsideration allowing the revenue to be increased to $34.4 million. On May 23, 1996, the company implemented an $8.7 million electric rate reduction toimplemented by KGE customers on an interim basis. On October 22, 1996, the company, the KCC Staff, the City of Wichita, and the Citizens Utility Ratepayer Board filed an agreement with the KCC whereby the company's retail electric rates would be reduced, subject to approval by the KCC.in May 1996. This agreementreduction was approved on January 15, 1997. Under the agreement, oneffective February 1, 1997,1997. - The company reduced KGE's annual rates were reduced by $36.3 million and, in addition, the May 1996 interim reduction became permanent. KGE's rates will be reduced by another $10$36 million effective JuneFebruary 1, 1998, and again on June 1, 1999.1997. - The company reduced KPL's annual rates were reduced by $10 million effective February 1, 1997. Two one-time rebates of- The company rebated $5 million will be credited to the company'sall of it electric customers in January 19981998. - The company will reduce KGE's annual rates by an additional $10 million on June 1, 1998. - The company will rebate an additional $5 million to all of its electric customers in January 1999. - The company will reduce KGE's annual rates by an additional $10 million on June 1, 1999. All rate decreases are cumulative. Rebates are one-time events and 1999. The agreement also fixed annual savings from the merger with KGE at $40 million. This level of merger savings provides for complete recovery of and a return on the acquisition premium.do not influence future rates. 9. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS On April 15, 1996,January 8, 1997, Innovative Business Systems, Ltd. (IBS) filed suit against the company filed an applicationand Westinghouse Electric Corporation (WEC), Westinghouse Security Systems, Inc. (WSS) and WestSec, Inc. (WestSec), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the company established to acquire the assets of WSS, in Dallas County, Texas district court (Cause No 97-00184) alleging, among other things, breach of contract by WEC and interference with contract against the company in connection with the KCC requesting an order approving its proposalsale by WEC of the assets of WSS to merge with KCPL and for other related relief. On July 29, 1996,the company. IBS claims that WEC improperly transferred software owned by IBS to the company filed its First Amended Application with the KCC in its proceeding for approval to merge with KCPL. The amended application proposed an incentive rate mechanism requiring all regulated earnings in excess of the merged company's 12.61% return on equity to be split among customers, shareowners, and additional depreciation on Wolf Creek. On November 27, 1996, the KCC issued a Suspension Order and on December 3, 1996, an order was issued which suspended, subject to refund, costs related to purchases from Kansas Pipeline Partnership included in the company's COGR. On December 12, 1996,that the company filed a Petition for Reconsideration or For More Definite Statement by Staff of the Issuesis not entitled to be addressed in this Docket. On March 3, 1997, the Staff issued a More Definite Statement specifying which charges from Kansas Pipeline Partnership (KPP) it asserts are inappropriate for inclusion in the company's COGR.its use. The company responded tohas demanded WEC defend and indemnify it. WEC and the More Definite Statement stating that itcompany have denied IBS' allegations and are vigorously defending against them. Management does not believe anythat the ultimate disposition of the charges from KPP should be disallowed from its COGR. The company does not expect this proceeding tomatter will have a material adverse effect on itsupon the company's overall financial condition or results of operations. MPSC Proceedings: On May 3, 1996,The company and its subsidiaries are involved in various other legal, environmental and regulatory proceedings. Management believes that adequate provision has been made and accordingly believes that the ultimate dispositions of these matters will not have a material adverse effect upon the company's overall financial position or results of operations. 10. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS Pension: The company filed an application with the MPSC requesting an order approving its proposal to merge with KCPL. The application includes the same regulatory plan as proposed before the KCC and includes an annual rate reductionmaintains qualified noncontributory defined benefit pension plans covering substantially all utility employees. Pension benefits are based on years of $21 million for KCPL retail electric customers. FERC Proceedings: On August 22, 1996, the company filed with the FERC an application for approval of its proposed merger with KCPL. On December 18, 1996, the FERC issued a Merger Policy Statement (Policy Statement) which articulates three principal factors the FERC will apply for analyzing mergers: (1) effect on competition, (2) customer protection, and (3) effect on regulation. The FERC has requested the company toservice and the employee's compensation during the five highest paid consecutive years out of ten before retirement. The company's policy is to fund pension costs accrued, subject to limitations set by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code. Salary Continuation: The company will revise its filing to comply withmaintains a non-qualified Executive Salary Continuation Program for the specific requirementsbenefit of certain management employees, including executive officers. The following tables provide information on the Policy Statement. 10. INCOME TAXES Under SFAS 109, temporary differences gave rise to deferred tax assetscomponents of pension and deferred tax liabilities atsalary continuation costs funded status and actuarial assumptions for the company: Year Ended December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively, as follows:1997 1996 1995 (Dollars in Thousands) Deferred tax assets: Deferred gain on sale-leaseback.SFAS 87 Expense: Service cost. . . . . . . . . . $ 99,46611,337 $ 105,007 Alternative minimum tax carryforwards.11,644 $ 11,059 Interest cost on projected benefit obligation. . 250 18,740 Other.. . . . 35,836 34,003 32,416 (Gain) loss on plan assets. . . (113,287) (65,799) (102,731) Deferred investment gain (loss) 73,731 30,119 70,810 Net amortization. . . . . . . . 1,084 2,140 1,132 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519 - - Net expense . . . . . . . . $ 9,220 $ 12,107 $ 12,686 December 31, 1997 1996 1995 (Dollars in Thousands) Reconciliation of Funded Status: Actuarial present value of benefit obligations: Vested . . . . . . . . . . . $365,809 $347,734 $331,027 Non-vested . . . . . . . . . 21,024 23,220 21,775 Total. . . . . . . . . . . $386,833 $370,954 $352,802 Plan assets (principally debt and equity securities) at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . $584,792 $495,993 $444,608 Projected benefit obligation . . . 462,964 483,862 456,707 Funded status. . . . . . . . . . . 121,828 12,131 (12,099) Unrecognized transition asset. . . (369) (448) (527) Unrecognized prior service costs . 39,763 62,434 57,087 Unrecognized net (gain). . . . . . (193,313) (103,132) (75,312) Accrued liability. . . . . . . . $(32,091) $(29,015) $(30,851) Year Ended December 31, 1997 1996 1995 Actuarial Assumptions: Discount rate. . . . . . . . . . 7.5% 7.5% 7.5% Annual salary increase rate. . . 3.5-4.75% 4.75% 4.75% Long-term rate of return . . . . 9.0-9.25% 8.5-9.0% 8.5-9.0% Postretirement and Postemployment Benefits: The company accrues the cost of postretirement benefits, primarily medical benefit costs, during the years an employee provides service. The company accrues postemployment benefits when the liability has been incurred. Based on actuarial projections and adoption of the transition method of implementation which allows a 20-year amortization of the accumulated benefit obligation, postretirement benefits expense approximated $16.6 million, $16.4 million and $15.0 million for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The company's total postretirement benefit obligation approximated $83.7 million and $123.0 million at December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively. The following table summarizes the status of the company's postretirement benefit plans for financial statement purposes and the related amounts included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets: December 31, 1997 1996 1995 (Dollars in Thousands) Reconciliation of Funded Status: Actuarial present value of postretirement benefit obligations: Retirees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 53,910 $ 76,588 $ 81,402 Active employees fully eligible . . 6,814 10,060 7,645 Active employees not fully eligible 22,949 36,345 34,144 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,673 122,993 123,191 Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . 118 78 46 Funded status . . . . . . . . . . . . . (83,555) (122,915) (123,145) Unrecognized prior service cost . . . . (4,592) (8,157) (8,900) Unrecognized transition obligation. . . 60,146 104,920 111,443 Unrecognized net (gain) . . . . . . . . (828) (8,137) (7,271) Accrued postretirement benefit costs $(28,829) $(34,289) $(27,873) Year Ended December 31, 1997 1996 1995 Actuarial Assumptions: Discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5% 7.5% 7.5% Annual salary increase rate . . . . . 4.75% 4.75% 4.75% Expected rate of return . . . . . . . 9.0% 9.0% 9.0% For measurement purposes, an annual health care cost growth rate of 9% was assumed for 1997, decreasing one percent per year to five percent in 2001 and thereafter. The health care cost trend rate has a significant effect on the projected benefit obligation. Increasing the trend rate by one percent each year would increase the present value of the accumulated projected benefit obligation by $3.5 million and the aggregate of the service and interest cost components by $0.3 million. In accordance with an order from the KCC, the company has deferred postretirement and postemployment expenses in excess of actual costs paid. In 1997 the company received authorization from the KCC to invest in AHTC investments. Income from the AHTC investments will be used to offset the deferred and incremental costs associated with postretirement and postemployment benefits offered to the company's employees. The income generated from the AHTC investments replaces the income stream from COLI contracts purchased in 1992 and 1993 which was used for the same purpose. Savings: The company maintains savings plans in which substantially all employees participate. The company matches employees' contributions up to specified maximum limits. The funds of the plans are deposited with a trustee and invested at each employee's option in one or more investment funds, including a company stock fund. The company's contributions were $5.0 million, $4.6 million and $5.1 million for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Protection One also maintains a savings plan. Contributions, made at Protection One's election, are allocated among participants based upon the respective contributions made by the participants through salary reductions during the year. Protection One's matching contributions may be made in Protection One common stock, in cash or in a combination of both stock and cash. Protection One's matching contribution to the plan for 1997 was $34,000. Protection One maintains a qualified employee stock purchase plan that allows eligible employees to acquire shares of Protection One common shares at 85% of fair market value of the common stock. A total of 650,000 shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance in this program. Stock Based Compensation Plans: The company has two stock-based compensation plans, a long-term incentive and share award plan (LTISA Plan) and a long-term incentive program (LTI Program). The company accounts for these plans under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 and the related Interpretations. Had compensation cost been determined pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" (SFAS 123), the company would have recognized additional compensation costs during 1997, 1996 and 1995. However, recognition of the compensation costs would not have been material to the Consolidated Statements of Income nor would these costs have affected basic earnings per share. The LTISA Plan was implemented to help ensure that managers and board members (Plan Participants) were properly incented to increase shareowner value. It was established to replace the company's LTI Program, discussed below. Under the LTISA Plan, the company may grant awards in the form of stock options, dividend equivalents, share appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, performance shares and performance share units to Plan Participants. Up to three million shares of common stock may be granted under the LTISA Plan. The LTISA Plan granted 459,700 and 205,700 stock options and 459,700 and 205,700 dividend equivalents to Plan Participants during 1997 and 1996, respectively. The exercise price of the stock options granted was $30.75 and $29.25 in 1997 and 1996, respectively. These options vest in nine years. Accelerated vesting allows stock options to vest within three years, dependent upon certain company performance factors. The options expire in approximately ten years. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of the dividend equivalent was $6.21 and $5.82 in 1997 and 1996, respectively. The value of each dividend equivalent is calculated as a percentage of the accumulated dividends that would have been paid or payable on a share of company common stock. This percentage ranges from zero to 100%, based upon certain company performance factors. The dividend equivalents expire after nine years from the date of grant. All stock options and dividend equivalents granted were outstanding at December 31, 1997. The fair value of stock options and dividend equivalents were estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The model assumed a dividend yield of 6.58% and 6.33%, expected volatility of 13.56% and 14.12%; and an expected life of 9.0 and 8.7 years for 1997 and 1996, respectively. Additionally, the stock option model assumed a risk-free interest rate of 6.72% and 6.45% for 1997 and 1996, respectively. The dividend equivalent model assumed a risk-free interest rate of 6.36% and 6.61% for 1997 and 1996, respectively, an award percentage of 100% and a dividend accumulation period of five years. The LTI Program is a performance-based stock plan which awards performance shares to executive officers (Program Participants) of the company equal in value to 10% of the officer's annual base compensation. Each performance share is equal in value to one share of the company's common stock. Each Program Participant may be entitled to receive a common stock distribution based on the value of performance shares awarded multiplied by a distribution percentage not to exceed 110%. This distribution percentage is based upon the Program Participants' and the company's performance. Program Participants also receive cash equivalent to dividends on common stock for performance shares awarded. In 1995, the company granted 14,756 performance shares, with a weighted-average fair value of $28.81. The fair value of each performance share is based on market price at the date of grant. No performance shares were granted in 1997 or 1996. At December 31, 1997, shares granted in 1995 no longer have a remaining contractual life and will be paid in March 1998. 11. PROTECTION ONE STOCK WARRANTS AND OPTIONS Protection One has outstanding stock warrants and options which were considered reissued and exercisable upon the company's acquisition of Protection One on November 24, 1997. In lieu of adjusting the number of outstanding options and warrants, holders of options or warrants received a $7 per share equivalent cash payment in the acquisition. Stock option activity subsequent to the acquisition was as follows: Warrants and Options Price Range Balance at November 24, 1997. . . . . . 2,198,389 $0.05-$16.375 Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,945 30,789 Total deferred tax assets. . . . . . . $ 129,661 $ 154,536 Deferred Tax Liabilities: Accelerated depreciation and other . . . $ 654,102 $ 653,134 Acquisition premium. . . . . . . . . . . 307,242 315,513 Deferred future income taxes . . . . . . 217,257 282,476 Other.- - Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,432 70,883 Total deferred tax liabilities . . . . $1,240,033 $1,322,006 Accumulated deferred income taxes, net.(306) $ 0.05 Surrendered . . . . . . . . . . . $1,110,372 $1,167,470 In. . . - - Balance at December 31, 1997. . . . . . 2,198,083 $0.05-$16.375 Stock options and warrants outstanding at December 31, 1997 are as follows: Number Weighted Weighted Range of Outstanding Average Average Exercise and Remaining Life Exercise Price Exercisable (Years) Price $ 5.875-$ 9.125 244,560 8 $ 6.566 $ 8.000-$10.313 444,000 8 $ 8.076 $12.125-$16.375 148,000 8 $14.857 $ 9.50 278,000 9 $ 9.50 $15.00 50,000 9 $15.00 $ 0.05 1,425 9 $ 0.05 $ 3.633 103,697 4 $ 3.633 $ 0.167 462,001 6 $ 0.167 $ 6.60 466,400 8 $ 6.60 The company holds a call option for an additional 2,750,238 shares of Protection One, exercisable at a price of $15.50. The option expires no later than October 31, 1999. Certain options outstanding have been issued as incentive awards to directors, officers, and key employees in accordance with various rate orders receivedProtection One's 1994 Stock Option Plan. Had the fair value based method been used to determine compensation expense for these stock options, recognition of the compensation costs would not have been material. 12. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value as set forth in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107 "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments". Cash and cash equivalents, short-term borrowings and variable-rate debt are carried at cost which approximates fair value. The decommissioning trust is recorded at fair value and is based on the quoted market prices at December 31, 1997 and 1996. The fair value of fixed-rate debt, redeemable preference stock and other mandatorily redeemable securities is estimated based on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates offered for instruments of the same remaining maturities and redemption provisions. The estimated fair values of contracts related to commodities have been determined using quoted market prices of the same or similar securities. The recorded amount of accounts receivable and other current financial instruments approximate fair value. The fair value estimates presented herein are based on information available at December 31, 1997 and 1996. These fair value estimates have not been comprehensively revalued for the purpose of these financial statements since that date and current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the KCC and the OCC, the company has not yet collected through rates the amounts necessary to paypresented herein. Because a significantsubstantial portion of the net accumulated deferred income tax liabilities. Ascompany's operations are regulated, the company believes that any gains or losses related to the retirement of debt or redemption of preferred securities would not have a material effect on the company's financial position or results of operations. The carrying values and estimated fair values of the company's financial instruments are as follows: Carrying Value Fair Value December 31, 1997 1996 1997 1996 (Dollars in Thousands) Decommissioning trust. . $ 43,514 $ 33,041 $ 43,514 $ 33,041 Fixed-rate debt. . . . . 2,019,103 1,224,743 2,101,167 1,260,722 Redeemable preference stock. . . . . . . . . 50,000 50,000 51,750 52,500 Other mandatorily redeemable securities. 220,000 220,000 226,088 214,800 The company is involved in both the marketing of electricity and risk management believesservices to wholesale electric customers and the purchase of electricity for the company's retail customers. In addition to the purchase and sale of electricity, the company engages in price risk management activities, including the use of forward contracts, futures, swap agreements and put and call options. The availability and use of these types of contracts allow the company to manage and hedge its contractual commitments, reduce its exposure relative to the volatility of cash market prices and take advantage of selected arbitrage opportunities via open positions. Such open positions during 1997 were not material to the company's financial position or results of operations. In general, the company does not seek to take significant commodity risk for the purpose of generating margins in the ordinary course of its trading activities. The company has established a risk management policy designed to limit the company's exposure to price risk, and it continually monitors and reviews this policy to ensure that it is probableresponsive to changing business conditions. This policy requires that, in general, positions taken with derivatives be offset by positions in physical transactions or other derivatives. Due to the illiquid nature of the emerging electric markets, net future increasesopen positions in income taxes payable will be recovered from customers, it has recordedterms of price, volume and specified delivery point can occur. December 31, 1997 1996 (Dollars in Thousands) Notional Notional Volumes Estimated Gain/ Volumes Estimated Gain/ (MWH's) Fair Value (loss) (mmbtu's) Fair Value (loss) Forward contracts 359,200 $9,086 $202 - - - Options 924,000 $1,790 ($329) - - - Natural gas futures - $ - $ - 6,540,000 $16,032 $2,061 Natural gas swaps - $ - $ - 2,344,000 $ 5,500 $1,315 In November 1997, the company contributed its natural gas marketing business to ONEOK. As a deferred asset for these amounts. These assets are also a temporary difference for which deferred income tax liabilitiesresult, the company did not have been provided. 11.any natural gas futures or natural gas swaps as of December 31, 1997. 13. COMMON STOCK, PREFERRED STOCK, PREFERENCE STOCK, AND OTHER MANDATORILY REDEEMABLE SECURITIES The company's Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended, provide for 85,000,000 authorized shares of common stock. At December 31, 1996, 64,625,2591997, 65,409,603 shares were outstanding. The company has a Dividend Reinvestment andDirect Stock Purchase Plan (DRIP). Shares issued under the DRIP may be either original issue shares or shares purchased on the open market. The company has been issuingissued original issue shares sinceunder DRIP from January 1, 1995 with 935,461until October 15, 1997. On November 1, 1997, DRIP began issuing shares purchased on the open market. During 1997, a total of 837,549 shares were issued in 1996 under DRIP including 784,344 original issue shares and 53,205 shares purchased on the DRIP.open market. At December 31, 1996, 2,082,1661997, 1,244,617 shares were available under the DRIP registration statement. Preferred Stock Not Subject to Mandatory Redemption: The cumulative preferred stock is redeemable in whole or in part on 30 to 60 days notice at the option of the company. Preference Stock Subject to Mandatory Redemption: On July 1, 1996, all shares of the company's 8.50% Preference Stock due 2016 were redeemed. The mandatory sinking fund provisions of the 7.58% Series preference stock require the company to redeem 25,000 shares annually beginning on April 1, 2002 and each April 1 through 2006 and the remaining shares on April 1, 2007, all at $100 per share. The company may, at its option, redeem up to an additional 25,000 shares on each April 1 at $100 per share. The 7.58% Series also is redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of the company, subject to certain restrictions on refunding, at a redemption price of $104.55, $103.79, $103.03 and $103.03$102.27 per share beginning April 1, 1996, 1997, 1998 and 1998,1999, respectively. Other Mandatorily Redeemable Securities: On December 14, 1995, Western Resources Capital I, a wholly-owned trust, issued four million preferred securities of 7-7/8% Cumulative Quarterly Income Preferred Securities, Series A, for $100 million. The trust interests represented by the preferred securities are redeemable at the option of Western Resources Capital I, on or after December 11, 2000, at $25 per preferred security plus accrued interest and unpaid dividends. Holders of the securities are entitled to receive distributions at an annual rate of 7-7/8% of the liquidation preference value of $25. Distributions are payable quarterly and in substance are tax deductible by the company. These distributions are recorded as interest charges on the Consolidated Statements of Income.expense. The sole asset of the trust is $103 million principal amount of 7-7/8% Deferrable Interest Subordinated Debentures, Series A due December 11, 2025 (the Subordinated Debentures). On July 31, 1996, Western Resources Capital II, a wholly-owned trust, of which the sole asset is subordinated debentures of the company, sold in a public offering, 4.8 million shares of 8-1/2% Cumulative Quarterly Income Preferred Securities, Series B, for $120 million. The trust interests represented by the preferred securities are redeemable at the option of Western Resources Capital II, on or after July 31, 2001, at $25 per preferred security plus accumulated and unpaid distributions. Holders of the securities are entitled to receive distributions at an annual rate of 8-1/2% of the liquidation preference value of $25. Distributions are payable quarterly and in substance are tax deductible by the company. These distributions are recorded as interest charges on the Consolidated Statements of Income.expense. The sole asset of the trust is $124 million principal amount of 8-1/2% Deferrable Interest Subordinated Debentures, Series B due July 31, 2036. The preferred securities are included under Western Resources obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities of subsidiary trusts holding solely company subordinated debentures (Other Mandatorily Redeemable Securities) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Capitalization. In addition to the company's obligations under the Subordinated Debentures, the company has agreed pursuant to guarantees issued to the trusts, the provisions of the trust agreements establishing the trusts and related expense agreements, to guarantee, on a subordinated basis, payment of distributions on the preferred securities (but not if the applicable trust does not have sufficient funds to pay such distributions) and to pay all of the expenses of the trusts (collectively, the "Back-up Undertakings"). Considered together, the Back-up Undertakingssecurities. These undertakings constitute a full and unconditional guarantee by the company of the truststrust's obligations under the preferred securities. 12. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS Pension:14. LEASES At December 31, 1997, the company had leases covering various property and equipment. The company maintains qualified noncontributory defined benefit pension plans covering substantially all employees. Pension benefitscurrently has no significant capital leases. Rental payments for operating leases and estimated rental commitments are based on years of service and the employee's compensation during the five highest paid consecutive years out of ten before retirement. The company's policy is to fund pension costs accrued, subject to limitations set by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code. Salary Continuation: The company maintains a non-qualified Executive Salary Continuation Program for the benefit of certain management employees, including executive officers. The following tables provide information on the components of pension and salary continuation costs under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 87 "Employers' Accounting for Pension Plans" (SFAS 87), funded status and actuarial assumptions for the company:as follows: Operating Year Ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994Leases (Dollars in Thousands) SFAS 87 Expense: Service cost.1995 . . . . . . . . . $ 11,644 $ 11,059 $ 10,197 Interest cost on projected benefit obligation. . . . . . 34,003 32,416 29,734 (Gain) loss on plan assets. . . (65,799) (102,731) 7,351 Deferred investment gain (loss) 30,119 70,810 (38,457) Net amortization. . . . . . . . 2,140 1,132 245 Net expense . . . . . . . . $ 12,107 $ 12,686 $ 9,070 December 31, 1996 1995 1994 (Dollars in Thousands) Reconciliation of Funded Status: Actuarial present value of benefit obligations: Vested . . . . . . . . . . . $347,734 $331,027 $278,545 Non-vested . . . . . . . . . 23,220 21,775 19,132 Total. . . . . . . . . . . $370,954 $352,802 $297,677 Plan assets (principally debt and equity securities) at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . $495,993 $444,608 $375,521 Projected benefit obligation . . . 483,862 456,707 378,146 Funded status. . . . . . . . . . . 12,131 (12,099) (2,625) Unrecognized transition asset. . . (448) (527) (2,205) Unrecognized prior service costs . 62,434 57,087 47,796 Unrecognized net (gain). . . . . . (103,132) (75,312) (56,079) Accrued liability. . . . . . . . $(29,015) $(30,851) $(13,113) Year Ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 Actuarial Assumptions: Discount rate. . . . . . . . . . 7.5% 7.5% 8.0-8.5% Annual salary increase rate. . . 4.75% 4.75% 5.0% Long-term rate of return . . . . 8.5-9.0% 8.5-9.0% 8.0-8.5% Postretirement: The company follows the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 106 "Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions" (SFAS 106). This statement requires the accrual of postretirement benefits other than pensions, primarily medical benefit costs, during the years an employee provides service. Based on actuarial projections and adoption of the transition method of implementation which allows a 20-year amortization of the accumulated benefit obligation, postretirement benefits expenses approximated $16.4 million, $15.0 million, and $12.4 million for 1996, 1995, and 1994, respectively. The company's total postretirement benefit obligation approximated $123.0 million and $123.2 million at December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively. In addition, the company received an order from the KCC permitting the initial deferral of SFAS 106 expense in excess of amounts previously recognized. The following table summarizes the status of the company's postretirement benefit plans for financial statement purposes and the related amounts included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets: December 31, 1996 1995 1994 (Dollars in Thousands) Reconciliation of Funded Status: Actuarial present value of postretirement benefit obligations: Retirees. . . . . . . . . . . . $ 76,588 $ 81,402 $68,570 Active employees fully eligible . 10,060 7,645 13,549 Active employees not fully eligible 36,345 34,144 32,484 Total63,353 1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,993 123,191 114,603 Fair value of plan assets . . . . . 78 46 - Funded status63,181 1997 . . . . . . . . . . . (122,915) (123,145) (114,603) Unrecognized prior service cost . . (8,157) (8,900) ( 9,391) Unrecognized transition obligation. 104,920 111,443 117,967 Unrecognized net (gain) . . . . . . (8,137) (7,271) ( 14,489) Accrued postretirement benefit costs $(34,289) $(27,873) $(20,516) Year Ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 Actuarial Assumptions: Discount rate71,126 Future Commitments: 1998 . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 % 7.5 % 8.0-8.5% Annual salary increase rate . . . 4.75 % 4.75 % 5.0 % Expected rate of return . . . . . 9.0 % 9.0 % 8.5 % For measurement purposes, an annual health care cost growth rate of 10% was assumed for 1996, decreasing one percent per year to five percent in 2001 and thereafter. The health care cost trend rate has a significant effect on the projected benefit obligation. Increasing the trend rate by one percent each year would increase the present value of the accumulated projected benefit obligation by $5.5 million and the aggregate of the service and interest cost components by $0.5 million. Postemployment: The company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 112 "Employers' Accounting for Postemployment Benefits" (SFAS 112) in the first quarter of 1994, which established accounting and reporting standards for postemployment benefits. The statement requires the company to recognize the liability to provide postemployment benefits when the liability has been incurred. The company received an order from the KCC permitting the initial deferral of SFAS 112 expense. In accordance with the provision of an order from the KCC, the company has deferred postretirement and postemployment expenses representing the excess expense incurred upon adoption of SFAS 106 and SFAS 112. In 1992 and 1993, the company purchased COLI policies whose associated income stream was intended to offset actual postretirement and postemployment costs incurred. See Note 1 regarding legislative action related to COLI. As of December 31, 1996 and 1995, the company recognized a regulatory asset for postretirement expense of approximately $31.6 million and $25.3 million and for postemployment expense of approximately $9.3 million and $9.8 million, respectively. Savings: The company maintains savings plans in which substantially all employees participate. The company matches employees' contributions up to specified maximum limits. The funds of the plans are deposited with a trustee and invested at each employee's option in one or more investment funds, including a company stock fund. The company's contributions were $4.6 million, $5.1 million, and $5.1 million for 1996, 1995, and 1994, respectively. Stock Based Compensation Plans: The company has two stock-based compensation plans, a long term incentive and share award plan (LTISA Plan) and a long term incentive program (LTI Program). The company accounts for these plans under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 and the related Interpretations. Had compensation cost been determined pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" (SFAS 123), the company would have recognized compensation costs during 1996 and 1995. However, recognition of the compensation costs would not have been material to the Consolidated Statements of Income nor would these costs have affected earnings per share. The LTISA Plan was implemented to help ensure that managers and board members (Plan Participants) were properly incented to increase shareowner value. It was established to replace the company's LTI Program, discussed below. Under the LTISA Plan, the company may grant awards in the form of stock options, dividend equivalents, share appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, performance shares, and performance share units to Plan Participants. Up to three million shares of common stock may be granted under the LTISA Plan. In 1996, the LTISA Plan granted 205,700 stock options and 205,700 dividend equivalents to Plan Participants. The exercise price of the stock options granted was $29.25. These options vest in nine years. Accelerated vesting allows stock options to vest within three years, dependent upon certain company performance factors. The options expire in approximately ten years. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of the dividend equivalent was $5.82. The value of each dividend equivalent is calculated as a percentage of the accumulated dividends that would have been paid or payable on a share of company common stock. This percentage ranges from zero to 100%, based upon certain company performance factors. The dividend equivalents expire after nine years from the date of grant. All stock options and dividend equivalents granted were outstanding at December 31, 1996. The fair value of stock options and dividend equivalents were estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The model assumed a dividend yield of 6.33%, expected volatility of 14.12%; and an expected life of 8.7 years. Additionally, the stock option model assumed a risk-free interest rate of 6.45%. The dividend equivalent model assumed a risk-free interest rate of 6.61%, an award percentage of 100% and a dividend accumulation period of five years. The LTI Program is a performance-based stock plan which awards performance shares to executive officers (Program Participants) of the company equal in value to 10% of the officer's annual base compensation. Each performance share is equal in value to one share of the company's common stock. Each Program Participant may be entitled to receive a common stock distribution based on the value of performance shares awarded multiplied by a distribution percentage not to exceed 110%. This distribution percentage is based upon the Program Participants' and the company's performance. Program Participants also receive cash equivalent to dividends on common stock for performance shares awarded. In 1995, the company granted 14,756 performance shares, with a weighted-average fair value of $28.81. The fair value of each performance share is based on market price at the date of grant. No performance shares were granted in 1996. As of December 31, 1996, shares granted in 1995 have a remaining contractual life of one year. 13. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value as set forth in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107 "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments". Cash and cash equivalents, short-term borrowings and variable-rate debt are carried at cost which approximates fair value. The decommissioning trust is recorded at fair value and is based on the quoted market prices at December 31, 1996 and 1995. The fair value of fixed-rate debt, redeemable preference stock, and other mandatorily redeemable securities is estimated based on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates offered for instruments of the same remaining maturities and redemption provisions. The estimated fair values of contracts related to commodities have been determined using quoted market prices of the same or similar securities. The carrying values and estimated fair values of the company's financial instruments are as follows: Carrying Value Fair Value December 31, 1996 1995 1996 1995 (Dollars in Thousands) Decommissioning trust. . .$ 33,041 $ 25,070 $ 33,041 $ 25,070 Fixed-rate debt. . . . . . 1,224,743 1,240,877 1,260,722 1,294,365 Redeemable preference stock.66,998 1999 . . . . . . . . . 50,000 150,000 52,500 160,405 Other mandatorily redeemable securities. . 220,000 100,000 214,800 102,000. . . . 59,634 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,456 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,303 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,999 Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . 655,558 Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . $935,948 In 1987, KGE sold and leased back its 50% undivided interest in the La Cygne 2 generating unit. The La Cygne 2 lease has an initial term of 29 years, with various options to renew the lease or repurchase the 50% undivided interest. KGE remains responsible for its share of operation and maintenance costs and other related operating costs of La Cygne 2. The lease is an operating lease for financial reporting purposes. The company recognized a gain on the sale which was deferred and is being amortized over the initial lease term. In 1992, the company deferred costs associated with the refinancing of the secured facility bonds of the Trustee and owner of La Cygne 2. These costs are being amortized over the life of the lease and are included in operating expense. Approximately $21.4 million of this deferral remained on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 1996 1995 Notional Notional Volumes Estimated Gain/ Volumes Estimated Gain/ (mmbtu's) Fair Value (loss) (mmbtu's) Fair Value (loss) Natural gas futures 6,540,000 $16,032 $2,061 7,440,000 $16,380 $2,678 Natural gas swaps 2,344,000 $ 5,500 $1,315 2,624,000 $ 3,406 $ 18 The recorded amount1997. Future minimum annual lease payments, included in the table above, required under the La Cygne 2 lease agreement are approximately $34.6 million for each year through 2002 and $576.6 million over the remainder of accounts receivablethe lease. KGE's lease expense, net of amortization of the deferred gain and other current financial instruments approximate fair value. The fair value estimates presented herein are based on information available as of December 31,refinancing costs, was approximately $27.3 million for 1997 and $22.5 million for 1996 and 1995. These fair value estimates have not been comprehensively revalued for the purpose of these financial statements since that date, and current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein. Because a substantial portion of the company's operations are regulated, the company believes that any gains or losses related to the retirement of debt or redemption of preferred securities would not have a material effect on the company's financial position or results of operations. 14.15. LONG-TERM DEBT The amount of the company's first mortgage bonds authorized by its Mortgage and Deed of Trust, dated July 1, 1939, as supplemented, is unlimited. The amount of KGE's first mortgage bonds authorized by the KGE Mortgage and Deed of Trust, dated April 1, 1940, as supplemented, is limited to a maximum of $2 billion. Amounts of additional bonds which may be issued are subject to property, earnings and certain restrictive provisions of each Mortgage.mortgage. Debt discount and expenses are being amortized over the remaining lives of each issue. During the years 19971998 through 2001,2002, $21 million of other long-term debt will mature in 1998, $125 million of bonds and $42 million of other long-term debt will mature in 1999, and $75 million of bonds will mature in 2000.2000 and $100 million of bonds will mature in 2002. No other bonds will mature and there are no cash sinking fund requirements for preference stock or bonds during this time period. The company maintains a $350 million revolving credit agreement that expires on October 5, 1999. Under the terms of this agreement, the company may, at its option, borrow at different market-based interest rates and is required, among other restrictions, to maintain a total debt to total capitalization ratio of not greater than 65% at all times. A facility fee is paid on the $350 million commitment. The unused portion of the revolving credit facility may be used to provide support for commercial paper. At December 31, 1996, the company had $275 million borrowed under the facility and had available $75 million of unused capacity under the facility. Long-term debt outstanding is as follows at December 31,31: 1997 1996 and 1995, was as follows: 1996 1995 (Dollars in Thousands) Western Resources First mortgage bond series: 7 1/4% due 1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 125,000 $ 125,000 8 7/8% due 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,000 75,000 7 1/4% due 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,000 100,000 8 1/2% due 2022. . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,000 125,000 7.65% due 2023. . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,000 100,000 525,000 525,000 Pollution control bond series: Variable due 2032 (1). . . . . . . . . . 45,000 45,000 Variable due 2032 (2). . . . . . . . . . 30,500 30,500 6% due 2033. . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,420 58,420 133,920 133,920 KGE First mortgage bond series: 5 5/8% due 1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . - 16,000 7.60 % due 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,000 135,000 6 1/2% due 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,000 65,000 6.20 % due 2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,000 100,000 300,000 316,000300,000 Pollution control bond series: 5.10 % due 2023. . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,757 13,822 13,957 Variable due 2027 (3). . . . . . . . . . 21,940 21,940 7.0 % due 2031. . . . . . . . . . . . . 327,500 327,500 Variable due 2032 (4). . . . . . . . . . 14,500 14,500 Variable due 2032 (5). . . . . . . . . . 10,000 10,000 387,697 387,762 387,897 Revolving credit agreement . . . . . . . . . - 275,000 50,000Western Resources 6 7/8% unsecured senior notes due 2004. . . . . . . . . . . 370,000 - Western Resources 7 1/8% unsecured senior notes due 2009 . . . . . . . . . . 150,000 - Protection One 6.4% senior subordinated discount notes due 2005. . . . . . . . . 171,926 - Protection One 6.75% convertible senior subordinated discount notes due 2003. . . 102,500 - Other long-term agreements . . . . . . . . . 67,748 65,190 - Less: Unamortized debt discount. . . . . . . . 5,719 5,289 5,554 Long-term debt due within one year . . . 21,217 - 16,000 Long-term debt (net). . . . . . . . . . . . $2,181,855 $1,681,583 $1,391,263 Rates at December 31, 1996:1997: (1) 3.68%4.00%, (2) 3.582%4.05%, (3) 3.55%3.95%, (4) 3.60%3.85% and (5) 3.52% 15.3.89% Protection One maintains a $100 million revolving credit facility that expires in January 2000. Under the terms of this agreement, Protection One may, at its option, borrow at different market-based interest rates. At December 31, 1997, there were no borrowings under this facility. 16. SHORT-TERM DEBT The company has arrangements with certain banks to provide unsecured short-term lines of credit on a committed basis totaling $973approximately $773 million. The agreements provide the company with the ability to borrow at different market-based interest rates. The company pays commitment or facility fees in support of these lines of credit. Under the terms of the agreements, the company is required, among other restrictions, to maintain a total debt to total capitalization ratio of not greater than 65% at all times. The unused portion of these lines of credit are used to provide support for commercial paper. In addition, the company has agreements with several banks to borrow on an uncommitted, as available, basis at money-market rates quoted by the banks. There are no costs, other than interest, for these agreements. The company also uses commercial paper to fund its short-term borrowing requirements. Information regarding the company's short-term borrowings, comprised of borrowings under the credit agreements, bank loans and commercial paper, is as follows: December 31, 1997 1996 1995 1994 (Dollars in Thousands) Borrowings outstanding at year end: Lines of credit $525,000 $ - $525,000 $ - Bank loans 161,000 162,300 177,600 151,000 Commercial paper notes 75,500 293,440 25,850 157,200 Total $236,500 $980,740 $203,450 $308,200 Weighted average interest rate on debt outstanding at year end (including fees) 6.28% 5.94% 6.02% 6.25% Weighted average short-term debt outstanding during the year $787,507 $491,136 $301,871 $214,180 Weighted daily average interest rates during the year (including fees) 5.93% 5.72% 6.15% 4.63% Unused lines of credit supporting commercial paper notes $772,850 $447,850 $121,075 $145,000 16. LEASES At17. INCOME TAXES Income tax expense is composed of the following components at December 31,31: 1997 1996 1995 (Dollars in Thousands) Currently payable: Federal. . . . . . . . . $336,150 $54,644 $50,674 State. . . . . . . . . . 72,143 20,280 17,003 Deferred: Federal. . . . . . . . . (19,766) 14,808 22,911 State. . . . . . . . . . (3,217) (615) 601 Amortization of investment tax credits . . . . . . . (6,665) (6,758) (6,809) Total income tax expense . $378,645 $82,359 $84,380 Under SFAS 109, temporary differences gave rise to deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as follows at December 31: 1997 1996 (Dollars in Thousands) Deferred tax assets: Deferred gain on sale-leaseback. . . . . $ 97,634 $ 99,466 Security business deferred tax assets. . 103,054 - Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,008 30,195 Total deferred tax assets. . . . . . . $ 294,696 $ 129,661 Deferred tax liabilities: Accelerated depreciation and other . . . $ 625,176 $ 654,102 Acquisition premium. . . . . . . . . . . 299,162 307,242 Deferred future income taxes . . . . . . 213,658 217,257 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,555 61,432 Total deferred tax liabilities . . . . $1,250,551 $1,240,033 Investment tax credits . . . . . . . . . . $ 109,710 $ 125,528 Accumulated deferred income taxes, net . . $1,065,565 $1,235,900 In accordance with various rate orders, the company had leases covering various propertyhas not yet collected through rates certain accelerated tax deductions which have been passed on to customers. As management believes it is probable that the net future increases in income taxes payable will be recovered from customers, it has recorded a deferred asset for these amounts. These assets also are a temporary difference for which deferred income tax liabilities have been provided. The effective income tax rates set forth below are computed by dividing total federal and equipment.state income taxes by the sum of such taxes and net income. The company currently has no capital leases. Rental payments for operating leasesdifference between the effective tax rates and estimated rental commitmentsthe federal statutory income tax rates are as follows: Operating Year Ended December 31, Leases1997 1996 1995 Effective Income Tax Rate. . . . . . . . . 43.4% 32.8% 31.8% Effect of: State income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . (5.0) (5.1) (4.3) Amortization of investment tax credits. . 0.8 2.7 2.5 Corporate-owned life insurance policies . 0.9 3.7 3.2 Accelerated depreciation flow through and amortization, net . . . . . . . . . (0.4) (.2) (.2) Adjustment to tax provision . . . . . . . (3.7) - - Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1.0) 1.1 2.0 Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate. . . . . 35.0% 35.0% 35.0% 18. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT The following is a summary of property, plant and equipment at December 31: 1997 1996 (Dollars in Thousands) 1994 $ 55,076 1995 63,353 1996 66,181 Future Commitments: 1997 60,247 1998 52,643 1999 47,276 2000 43,877 2001 42,592 Thereafter 688,231 Total $ 934,866 In 1987, KGE soldElectric plant in service. . . . . . . $5,564,695 $5,448,489 Natural gas plant in service . . . . . - 834,330 5,564,695 6,282,819 Less - accumulated depreciation. . . . 1,895,084 2,058,596 3,669,611 4,224,223 Construction work in progress. . . . . 60,006 93,834 Nuclear fuel (net) . . . . . . . . . . 40,696 38,461 Net utility plant. . . . . . . . . . 3,770,313 4,356,518 Non-utility plant in service . . . . . 20,237 41,965 Less - accumulated depreciation. . . . 4,022 14,466 Net property, plant and leased back its 50% undivided interestequipment. . $3,786,528 $4,384,017 The carrying value of long-lived assets, including intangibles are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in the La Cygne 2 generating unit. The La Cygne 2 lease has an initial term of 29 years, with various options to renew the lease or repurchase the 50% undivided interest. KGE remains responsible for its share of operation and maintenance costs and other related operating costs of La Cygne 2. The lease is an operating lease for financial reporting purposes. As permitted under the La Cygne 2 lease agreement, the company in 1992 requested the Trustee Lessor to refinance $341.1 million of secured facility bonds of the Trustee and owner of La Cygne 2. The transaction was requested to reduce recurring future net lease expense. In connection with the refinancing on September 29, 1992, a one-time payment of approximately $27 million was made by the company which has been deferred and is being amortized over the remaining life of the lease and included in operating expense as part of the future lease expense. At December 31, 1996, approximately $22.5 million of this deferral remained on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Future minimum annual lease payments, included in the table above, required under the La Cygne 2 lease agreement are approximately $34.6 million for each year through 2001 and $611 million over the remainder of the lease. The gain realized at the date of the sale of La Cygne 2 has been deferred for financial reporting purposes, and is being amortized ($9.7 million per year) over the initial lease term in proportion to the related lease expense. KGE's lease expense, net of amortization of the deferred gain and a one-time payment, was approximately $22.5 million for 1996, 1995, and 1994. 17.circumstances indicate they may not be recoverable. 19. JOINT OWNERSHIP OF UTILITY PLANTS Company's Ownership at December 31, 19961997 In-Service Invest- Accumulated Net Per- Dates ment Depreciation (MW) cent (Dollars in Thousands) La Cygne 1 (a) Jun 1973 $ 160,541 $ 105,043162,400 $109,481 343 50 Jeffrey 1 (b) Jul 1978 290,617 121,307 616291,624 131,397 617 84 Jeffrey 2 (b) May 1980 289,944 115,025290,468 121,854 617 84 Jeffrey 3 (b) May 1983 389,350 152,579 591403,046 153,084 605 84 Wolf Creek (c) Sep 1985 1,382,000 369,1821,380,660 399,551 547 47 (a) Jointly owned with KCPL (b) Jointly owned with UtiliCorp United Inc. (c) Jointly owned with KCPL and Kansas Electric Power Cooperative, Inc. Amounts and capacity presented above represent the company's share. The company's share of operating expenses of the plants in service above, as well as such expenses for a 50% undivided interest in La Cygne 2 (representing 335334 MW capacity) sold and leased back to the company in 1987, are included in operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The company's share of other transactions associated with the plants is included in the appropriate classification in the company's Consolidated Financial Statements. 18.20. SEGMENTS OF BUSINESS The company is a public utilitydiversified energy and security alarm monitoring service company principally engaged in the generation, transmission, distribution and sale of electricity in Kansas and a security alarm monitoring provider for residential and multi-family units operating in 48 states in the transportation, distribution,U.S. through Protection One. Electric consists of the company's regulated electric utility business. Natural gas includes the company's regulated and sale ofnon-regulated natural gas in Kansasbusiness. Security alarm monitoring includes the company's security alarm monitoring business activities, including installation activities. Energy related includes the company's international power development projects and Oklahoma. Substantially all of the results of operations and financial position of the natural gas segment will be exchanged for an equity interest in New ONEOK in the strategic alliance which is expected to close in the second half of 1997. Upon contribution of the natural gas net assets to New ONEOK, the company will record its equity investment in New ONEOK.other domestic energy related services. Year Ended December 31, 1997 1996 1995 1994(1) (Dollars in Thousands) Operating revenues:Sales: Electric. . . . . . . . . . . $1,197,433 $1,145,895 $1,121,781$1,160,166 $1,197,441 $1,146,869 Natural gas(2)gas(1). . . . . . . . 849,386 597,405 642,988 2,046,819 1,743,300 1,764,769 Operating expenses excluding income taxes:739,059 797,021 436,692 Security alarm monitoring . . 152,347 8,546 344 Energy related. . . . . . . . 100,193 43,819 160,369 2,151,765 2,046,827 1,744,274 Income from operations: Electric. . . . . . . . . . . 843,672 788,900 768,317207,026 347,097 360,321 Natural gas gas(1). . . . . . . . 27,840 43,111 8,457 Security alarm monitoring . 810,062 584,494 625,780 1,653,734 1,373,394 1,394,097 Income taxes: Electric.. (48,442) (3,553) (787) Energy related. . . . . . . . . . . 84,108 96,719 100,078 Natural gas . . . . . . . . . 4,984 (5,522) (4,456) 89,092 91,197 95,622 Operating income: Electric. . . . . . . . . . . 269,653 260,245 253,386 Natural gas . . . . . . . . . 34,340 18,464 21,664(43,499) 1,898 5,730 $ 303,993142,925 $ 278,709388,553 $ 275,050373,721 Identifiable assets at December 31: Electric. . . . . . . . . . . $4,379,435 $4,470,359 $4,346,312$4,640,322 $4,735,335 $4,740,817 Natural gas gas(1). . . . . . . . . 769,417 712,858 654,483 Other corporate assets(3)- 724,302 623,198 Security alarm monitoring . . 1,498,929 307,460 370,2341,504,738 488,849 5,615 Energy related. . . . . . . . 831,900 699,295 121,047 $6,976,960 $6,647,781 $5,490,677 $5,371,029 Other Information-- Depreciation and amortization: Electric. . . . . . . . . . . $ 152,549183,339 $ 133,452170,094 $ 123,696150,997 Natural gas gas(1). . . . . . . . 29,941 28,011 25,075 Security alarm monitoring . 31,173 26,833 33,702 183,722 $ 160,285 $ 157,398 Maintenance: Electric.. 41,179 944 45 Energy related. . . . . . . . . . .2,266 2,282 1,713 $ 81,972256,725 $ 87,942201,331 $ 88,162 Natural gas . . . . . . . . . 17,150 20,699 25,024 $ 99,122 $ 108,641 $ 113,186177,830 Capital expenditures: Electric. . . . . . . . . . . $ 138,361159,760 $ 153,931138,475 $ 152,384 Nuclear fuel. 179,090 Natural gas(1). . . . . . . . 2,629 28,465 20,590 Natural gas47,151 57,128 62,901 Security alarm monitoring . . 45,163 - - Energy related. . . . . . . . . . 58,519 54,431 64,72247,845 - - $ 199,509299,919 $ 236,827195,603 $ 237,696241,991 (1) Information reflects the sales of the Missouri Properties (Note 19). (2) For the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1995, operating revenues associated with the natural gas segment include immaterial amounts of revenues related to operations of non-regulated subsidiaries in non-gas related businesses. (3) As of December 31, 1996, this balance principally represents the equity investment in ADT, security business and other property, non-utility assets and deferred charges. As of December 31, 1995 and 1994, this balance represents primarily cash, non-utility assets and deferred charges. The portion of the table above related to the Missouri Properties is as follows: 1994 (Dollars in Thousands, Unaudited) Natural gas revenues. . . . . . . . . $ 77,008 Operating expenses excluding income taxes. . . . . . . . 69,114 Income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,897 Operating income. . . . . . . . . . . 4,997 Identifiable assets . . . . . . . . . - Depreciation and amortization . . . . 1,274 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,099 Capital expenditures. . . . . . . . . 3,682 19. SALES OF MISSOURI NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTION PROPERTIES On January 31, 1994,November 30, 1997 the company soldcontributed substantially all of its Missouri natural gas distribution properties and operations to Southern Union Company (Southern Union)segment in exchange for $404 million. The company sold the remaining Missouri properties to United Cities Gas Company (United Cities) for $665,000 on February 28, 1994. The properties sold to Southern Union and United Cities are referred to herein as the "Missouri Properties." During the first quarter of 1994, the company recognized a gain of approximately $19.3 million, net of tax, on the sales of the Missouri Properties. As of the respective dates of the sales of the Missouri Properties, the company ceased recording the results of operations, and removed the assets and liabilities from the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the Missouri Properties. The gain is reflectedan equity interest in Other Income and Deductions, on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The following table reflects the approximate operating revenues and operating income included in the company's consolidated results of operations for the year ended December 31, 1994, related to the Missouri Properties: 1994 Percent of Total Amount Company (Dollars in Thousands, Unaudited) Operating revenues. . . . . . . . . . $ 77,008 4.8% Operating income. . . . . . . . . . . 4,997 1.9% Separate audited financial information was not kept by the company for the Missouri Properties. This unaudited financial information is based on assumptions and allocations of expenses of the company as a whole. 20.ONEOK. 21. QUARTERLY RESULTS (UNAUDITED) The amounts in the table are unaudited but, in the opinion of management, contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results of such periods. The business of the company is seasonal in nature and, in the opinion of management, comparisons between the quarters of a year do not give a true indication of overall trends and changes in operations. First Second Third Fourth (Dollars in Thousands, except Per Share Amounts) 1996 Operating revenues. . . . . . . $555,622 $436,121 $490,172 $564,904 Operating income.1997 Sales . . . . . . . 75,273 59,020 93,587 76,113. . . . . . $626,198 $454,006 $559,996 $511,565 Income from operations(1) . . . 103,297 57,498 110,391 (128,261) Net income(1),(2) . . . . . . . 41,033 24,335 508,372 (79,646) Earnings applicable to common stock. . . . . . . . . 39,803 23,106 507,142 (80,876) Basic earnings per share. . . . $ 0.61 $ 0.36 $ 7.77 $ (1.23) Dividends per share . . . . . . $ 0.525 $ 0.525 $ 0.525 $ 0.525 Average common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . 64,807 65,045 65,243 65,408 Common stock price: High. . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 31.50 $ 32.75 $ 35.00 $ 43.438 Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 30.00 $ 29.75 $ 32.25 $ 33.625 1996 Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . $555,623 $436,123 $490,175 $564,906 Income from operations. . . . . 95,475 73,196 129,504 90,378 Net income. . . . . . . . . . . 44,789 28,746 62,949 32,466 Earnings applicable to common stock. . . . . . . . . 41,434 25,392 56,049 31,236 EarningsBasic earnings per share. . . . . . . $ 0.66 $ 0.40 $ 0.87 $ 0.48 Dividends per share . . . . . . $ 0.515 $ 0.515 $ 0.515 $ 0.515 Average common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . 63,164 63,466 64,161 64,523 Common stock price: High. . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 34.875 $ 30.75 $ 30.75 $ 31.75 Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 29.25 $ 28.00 $ 28.25 $ 28.625 1995 Operating revenues. . . . . . . $443,375 $372,295 $470,289 $457,341 Operating income. . . . . . . . 69,441 49,891 99,481 59,896 Net income. . . . . . . . . . . 41,575 21,716 71,905 46,480 Earnings applicable(1) During the fourth quarter of 1997, the company expensed deferred costs of approximately $48 million associated with the original KCPL merger agreement. Protection One recorded a special charge to income of approximately $40 million. (2) During the third quarter of 1997, the company recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately $864 million upon selling its Tyco common stock. . . . . . . . . 38,220 18,362 68,550 43,125 Earnings per share. . . . . . . $ 0.62 $ 0.30 $ 1.10 $ 0.69 Dividends per share . . . . . . $ 0.505 $ 0.505 $ 0.505 $ 0.505 Average common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . 61,747 61,886 62,244 62,712 Common stock price: High. . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 33.375 $ 32.50 $ 32.875 $ 34.00 Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 28.625 $ 30.25 $ 29.75 $ 31.00 ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT The information relating to the company's Directors required by Item 10 is set forth in the company's definitive proxy statement for its 19971998 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC. Such information is incorporated herein by reference to the material appearing under the caption Election of Directors in the proxy statement to be filed by the company with the SEC. See EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY on page 19in the proxy statement for the information relating to the company's Executive Officers as required by Item 10. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The information required by Item 11 is set forth in the company's definitive proxy statement for its 19971998 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC. Such information is incorporated herein by reference to the material appearing under the captions Information Concerning the Board of Directors, Executive Compensation, Compensation Plans, and Human Resources Committee Report in the proxy statement to be filed by the company with the SEC. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT The information required by Item 12 is set forth in the company's definitive proxy statement for its 19971998 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC. Such information is incorporated herein by reference to the material appearing under the caption Beneficial Ownership of Voting Securities in the proxy statement to be filed by the company with the SEC. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS None. PART IV ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K The following financial statements are included herein. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Report of Independent Public Accountants Consolidated Balance Sheets, December 31, 19961997 and 19951996 Consolidated Statements of Income, for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 1995 and 19941995 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 Consolidated Statements of Taxes, for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 Consolidated Statements of Capitalization, December 31,1997, 1996 and 1995 Consolidated Statements of Cumulative Preferred and Preference Stock, December 31, 1997 and 1996 Consolidated Statements of Common StockShareowners' Equity, for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 1995 and 19941995 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements SCHEDULES Schedules omitted as not applicable or not required under the Rules of regulation S-X: I, II, III, IV, and V REPORTS ON FORM 8-K Form 8-K filed April 15, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's offer to merge with KCPL. Form 8-K filed April 23, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's offer to merge with KCPL. Form 8-K filed April 25, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's offer to merge with KCPL. Form 8-K filed April 26, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's offer to merge with KCPL. Form 8-K filed April 29, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's offer to merge with KCPL. Form 8-K filed May 3, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's offer to merge with KCPL. Form 8-K filed May 6, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's offer to merge with KCPL. Forms 8-K filed May 7, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's offer to merge with KCPL. Form 8-K filed May 13, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's offer to merge with KCPL. Form 8-K filed MayNovember 24, 1996 - Press release about the company filing testimony to the electric rate case at the KCC. Form 8-K filed June 17, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's offer to merge with KCPL. Form 8-K filed July 23, 1996 - 6/30/96 earnings release. Form 8-K filed July 26, 1996 - Press release regarding KCC Staff and the company reaching agreement in rate case. Form 8-K filed October 24, 1996 - Press release regarding KCC Staff and the company reaching an amended agreement in rate case. Form 8-K filed December 18, 1996 - Press release regarding the company's strategic alliance with ONEOK, including Agreement between the company and ONEOK dated as of December 12, 1996 and Form of Shareholder Agreement between New ONEOK and the company. Form 8-K filed February 10, 1997 - Press release regarding the company's merger with KCPL, including Agreement and Planclosing of Merger betweenthe combination of the security businesses of the company and KCPL, dated as of February 7, 1997.Protection One, Inc. Form 8-K filed January 5, 1998 - Press release regarding merger with Kansas City Power and Light Company. EXHIBIT INDEX All exhibits marked "I" are incorporated herein by reference. Description 3(a) -By-laws of the company. (filed as Exhibit 3 to the I March 31, 1997 Form 10-Q) 3(b) -Agreement and Plan of Merger between the company and KCPL, I dated as of February 7, 1997. (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the February 10, 1997 Form 8-K) 3(b)3(c) -Agreement between the company and ONEOK dated as of I December 12, 1996. (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the December 12, 1997 Form 8-K) 3(c)3(d) -Form of Shareholder Agreement between New ONEOK and the I company. (filed as Exhibit 99.3 to the December 12, 1997 Form 8-K) 3(d)3(e) -Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company,company, as amended I May 7, 1996. (filed as Exhibit 3(a) to June, 1996 Form 10-Q) 3(e)3(f) -Restated Articles of Incorporation of the company, as amended I May 25, 1988. (filed as Exhibit 4 to Registration Statement No. 33-23022) 3(f)3(g) -Certificate of Correction to Restated Articles of Incorporation. I (filed as Exhibit 3(b) to the December 1991 Form 10-K) 3(g)3(h) -Amendment to the Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended I May 5, 1992. (filed as Exhibit 3(c) to the December 31, 1995 Form 10-K) 3(h)3(i) -Amendments to the Restated Articles of Incorporation of the I Company (filed as Exhibit 3 to the June 1994 Form 10-Q) 3(i) -By-laws of the Company. (filed as Exhibit 3(e) to the I December 31, 1995 Form 10-K) 3(j) -Certificate of Designation of Preference Stock, 8.50% Series, I without par value. (filed as Exhibit 3(d) to the December 1993 Form 10-K) 3(k) -Certificate of Designation of Preference Stock, 7.58% Series, I without par value. (filed as Exhibit 3(e) to the December 1993 Form 10-K) 4(a) -Deferrable Interest Subordinated Debentures dated November 29, I 1995, between the company and Wilmington Trust Delaware, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4(c) to Registration Statement No. 33-63505) 4(b) -Mortgage and Deed of Trust dated July 1, 1939 between the Company I and Harris Trust and Savings Bank, Trustee. (filed as Exhibit 4(a) to Registration Statement No. 33-21739) 4(c) -First through Fifteenth Supplemental Indentures dated July 1, I 1939, April 1, 1949, July 20, 1949, October 1, 1949, December 1, 1949, October 4, 1951, December 1, 1951, May 1, 1952, October 1, 1954, September 1, 1961, April 1, 1969, September 1, 1970, February 1, 1975, May 1, 1976 and April 1, 1977, respectively. (filed as Exhibit 4(b) to Registration Statement No. 33-21739) 4(d) -Sixteenth Supplemental Indenture dated June 1, 1977. (filed as I Exhibit 2-D to Registration Statement No. 2-60207) 4(e) -Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture dated February 1, 1978. I (filed as Exhibit 2-E to Registration Statement No. 2-61310) 4(f) -Eighteenth Supplemental Indenture dated January 1, 1979. (filed I as Exhibit (b) (1)-9 to Registration Statement No. 2-64231) 4(g) -Nineteenth Supplemental Indenture dated May 1, 1980. (filed as I Exhibit 4(f) to Registration Statement No. 33-21739) 4(h) -Twentieth Supplemental Indenture dated November 1, 1981. (filed I as Exhibit 4(g) to Registration Statement No. 33-21739) 4(i) -Twenty-First Supplemental Indenture dated April 1, 1982. (filed I as Exhibit 4(h) to Registration Statement No. 33-21739) 4(j) -Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture dated February 1, 1983. I (filed as Exhibit 4(i) to Registration Statement No. 33-21739) 4(k) -Twenty-Third Supplemental Indenture dated July 2, 1986. I (filed as Exhibit 4(j) to Registration Statement No. 33-12054) 4(l) -Twenty-Fourth Supplemental Indenture dated March 1, 1987. I (filed as Exhibit 4(k) to Registration Statement No. 33-21739) 4(m) -Twenty-Fifth Supplemental Indenture dated October 15, 1988. I (filed as Exhibit 4 to the September 1988 Form 10-Q) 4(n) -Twenty-Sixth Supplemental Indenture dated February 15, 1990. I (filed as Exhibit 4(m) to the December 1989 Form 10-K) 4(o) -Twenty-Seventh Supplemental Indenture dated March 12, 1992. I (filed as exhibit 4(n) to the December 1991 Form 10-K) 4(p) -Twenty-Eighth Supplemental Indenture dated July 1, 1992. I (filed as exhibit 4(o) to the December 1992 Form 10-K) 4(q) -Twenty-Ninth Supplemental Indenture dated August 20, 1992. I (filed as exhibit 4(p) to the December 1992 Form 10-K) 4(r) -Thirtieth Supplemental Indenture dated February 1, 1993. I (filed as exhibit 4(q) to the December 1992 Form 10-K) 4(s) -Thirty-First Supplemental Indenture dated April 15, 1993. I (filed as exhibit 4(r) to Registration Statement No. 33-50069) 4(t) -Thirty-Second Supplemental Indenture dated April 15, 1994, (filed as Exhibit 4(s) to the December 31, 1994 Form 10-K) Instruments defining the rights of holders of other long-term debt not required to be filed as exhibits will be furnished to the Commission upon request. 10(a) -Long-term Incentive and Share Award Plan (filed as Exhibit I 10(a) to the June 1996 Form 10-Q) 10(b) -Form of Employment Agreement with officers of the Company I (filed as Exhibit 10(b) to the June 1996 Form 10-Q) 10(c) -A Rail Transportation Agreement among Burlington Northern I Railroad Company, the Union Pacific Railroad Company and the Company (filed as Exhibit 10 to the June 1994 Form 10-Q) 10(d) -Agreement between the Company and AMAX Coal West Inc. I effective March 31, 1993. (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to the December 31, 1993 Form 10-K) 10(e) -Agreement between the Company and Williams Natural Gas Company I dated October 1, 1993. (filed as Exhibit 10(b) to the December 31, 1993 Form 10-K) 10(f) -Letter of Agreement between The Kansas Power and Light Company I and John E. Hayes, Jr., dated November 20, 1989. (filed as Exhibit 10(w) to the December 31, 1989 Form 10-K) 10(g) -Amended Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among The Kansas I Power and Light Company, KCA Corporation, and Kansas Gas and Electric Company, dated as of October 28, 1990, as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto, dated as of January 18, 1991. (filed as Annex A to Registration Statement No. 33-38967) 10(h) -Deferred Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit 10(i) to the I December 31, 1993 Form 10-K) 10(i) -Long-term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10(j) to the I December 31, 1993 Form 10-K) 10(j) -Short-term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10(k) to the I December 31, 1993 Form 10-K) 10(k) -Outside Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit I 10(l) to the December 31, 1993 Form 10-K) 10(l) -Executive Salary Continuation Plan of Western Resources, Inc., I as revised, effective September 22, 1995. (filed as Exhibit 10(j)to the December 31, 1995 Form 10-K) 10(m) -Executive Salary Continuation Plan for John E. Hayes, Jr., I Dated March 15, 1995. (filed as Exhibit 10(k) to the December 31, 1995 Form 10-K) 10(n) -Stock Purchase Agreement between the company and Laidlaw I Transportation Inc., dated December 21, 1995. (filed as Exhibit 10(l) to the December 31, 1995 Form 10-K) 10(o) -Equity Agreement between the company and Laidlaw Transportation I Inc., dated December 21, 1995. (filed as Exhibit 10(l)1 to the December 31, 1995 Form 10-K) 10(p) -Letter Agreement between the Companycompany and David C. Wittig, I dated April 27, 1995. (filed as Exhibit 10(m) to the December 31, 1995 Form 10-K) 12 -Computation of Ratio of Consolidated Earnings to Fixed Charges. (filed electronically) 21 -Subsidiaries of the Registrant. (filed electronically) 23 -Consent of Independent Public Accountants, Arthur Andersen LLP (filed electronically) 27 -Financial Data Schedule (filed electronically) SIGNATURE Pursuant to the requirements of Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. WESTERN RESOURCES, INC. March 19, 199717, 1998 By /s/ JOHN E. HAYES, JR. John E. Hayes, Jr., Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated: Signature Title Date Chairman of the Board, /s/ JOHN E. HAYES, JR. and Chief Executive Officer March 19, 199717, 1998 (John E. Hayes, Jr.) (Principal Executive Officer) Executive Vice President and /s/ S. L. KITCHEN Chief Financial Officer March 19, 199717, 1998 (S. L. Kitchen) (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) /s/ FRANK J. BECKER (Frank J. Becker) /s/ GENE A. BUDIG (Gene A. Budig) /s/ C. Q. CHANDLER (C. Q. Chandler) /s/ THOMAS R. CLEVENGER (Thomas R. Clevenger) /s/ JOHN C. DICUS Directors March 19, 199717, 1998 (John C. Dicus) /s/ DAVID H. HUGHES (David H. Hughes) /s/ RUSSELL W. MEYER, JR. (Russell W. Meyer, Jr.) /s/ JOHN H. ROBINSON (John H. Robinson) /s/ SUSAN M. STANTON (Susan M. Stanton) /s/ LOUIS W. SMITH (Louis W. Smith) /s/ KENNETH J. WAGNON (Kenneth J. Wagnon) /s/ DAVID C. WITTIG (David C. Wittig)