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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
ý    ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 20132015
or
¨    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                 to                 .
Commission File No. 001-09195
KB HOME
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware95-3666267
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
10990 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90024
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (310) 231-4000
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Name of each exchange
on which registered
Common Stock (par value $1.00 per share)New York Stock Exchange
Rights to Purchase Series A Participating Cumulative Preferred StockNew York Stock Exchange
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer  ý        Accelerated filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  ¨    Smaller reporting company  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý
The aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on May 31, 20132015 was $2,089,096,8381,512,772,004, including 10,559,84410,335,461 shares held by the registrant’s grantor stock ownership trust and excluding 21,017,45013,116,459 shares held in treasury.
There were 83,744,52892,275,658 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $1.00 per share, outstanding on December 31, 2013.2015. The registrant’s grantor stock ownership trust held an additional 10,501,84410,135,461 shares of the registrant’s common stock on that date.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the 20142016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (incorporated into Part III).




KB HOME
FORM 10-K
FOR THE YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER 30, 20132015
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Table of Contents

PART I

Item 1.BUSINESS
General
KB Home is one of the largest and most recognized homebuilding companies in the U.S. and has been building homes for more than 50nearly 60 years. We construct and sell homes through our operating divisions under the name KB Home. Unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms “we,” “our” and “us” used in this report refer to KB Home, a Delaware corporation, and its predecessors and subsidiaries.
Beginning in 1957 and continuing until 1986, our business was conducted by various subsidiaries of Kaufman and Broad, Inc. (“KBI”) and its predecessors. In 1986, KBI transferred all of its homebuilding and mortgage banking operations to us. Shortly after the transfer, we completed an initial public offering of 8% of our common stock and began operating under the name Kaufman and Broad Home Corporation. In 1989, we were spun-off from KBI, which then changed its name to Broad Inc., and we became an independent public company, operating primarily in California and France. In 2001, we changed our name to KB Home. Today, having sold our French operations in 2007, we operate a homebuilding and financial services business serving homebuyers in various markets across the U.S.
Our homebuilding operations offer a variety of new homes designed primarily for first-time, move-up and active adult homebuyers, including attached and detached single-family residential homes, townhomes and condominiums. We offer homes in development communities, at urban in-fill locations and as part of mixed-use projects. InOur homebuilding operations represent most of our business, accounting for 99.6% of our total revenues in 2015. Our financial services operations, which accounted for .4% of our total revenues in 2015, offer certain insurance products to our homebuyers and title services in certain markets. Since July 2014, our financial services operations have also provided mortgage banking services, including residential consumer mortgage loan (“mortgage loan”) originations, to our homebuyers indirectly through Home Community Mortgage, LLC (“HCM”). HCM is an unconsolidated joint venture we formed with Nationstar Mortgage LLC (“Nationstar”).
Unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms “we,” “our” and “us” used in this report we use the termrefer to KB Home, a Delaware corporation, and its predecessors and subsidiaries. Also as used in this report, “home” to refer tois a single-family residence, whether it is a single-family home or other type of residential property, and we use the termproperty; “community” to refer tois a single development in which new homes are constructed as part of an integrated plan.plan; and “community count” is the number of communities we have open for sales with at least five homes/lots left to sell.
Through our four homebuilding reporting segments, we delivered 7,145 homes at an average selling price of $291,700 during the year ended November 30, 2013, compared to 6,282The following charts present homes delivered at an average selling price of $246,500 duringand homebuilding revenues for the year ended November 30, 2012. Our homebuilding operations represent most of our business, accounting for 99.4% of our total revenues in 2013 and 99.3% of our total revenues in 2012.
Our financial services reporting segment offers property and casualty insurance and, in certain instances, earthquake, flood and personal property insurance to our homebuyers in the same markets where we build homes and provides title services in the majority of our markets located within our Central and Southeast homebuilding reporting segments.In addition, since the third quarter of 2011, this segment has earned revenues pursuant to the terms of a marketing services agreement with a preferred mortgage lender that offers mortgage banking services, including mortgage loan originations, to our homebuyers. Our financial services operations accounted for .6% of our total revenues in 2013 and .7% of our total revenues in 2012.
In the yearyears ended November 30, 2013,, we generated total revenues of $2.10 billion 2014 and net income of $40.0 million, compared to total revenues of $1.56 billion and a net loss of $59.0 million in the year ended November 30, 2012.2015:
Our principal executive offices are located at 10990 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90024. The telephone number of our corporate headquarters is (310) 231-4000 and our primary website address is www.kbhome.com. In addition, community location and information is available at (888) KB-HOMES.
Markets
Reflecting the geographic reach of our homebuilding business, as of the date of this report, ourwe have ongoing principal operations are in the 10nine states and 4039 major markets presented below. We also operate in various submarkets within these major markets. From time to time, we refer to these markets and submarkets collectively as our “served markets.” For reporting purposes, we organize our homebuilding operations into four segments — West Coast, Southwest, Central and Southeast.

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Segment     State(s) Major Market(s)
West Coast California Contra Costa County, Fresno, Los Angeles, Madera, Oakland, Orange County, Riverside, Sacramento, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose, Santa Rosa-Petaluma, Stockton, Vallejo, Ventura and Yuba City
Southwest Arizona Phoenix and Tucson
  Nevada Las Vegas and Reno
New MexicoAlbuquerque
Central Colorado Denver
  Texas Austin, Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston and San Antonio
Southeast Florida Daytona Beach, Jacksonville, Lakeland, Orlando, Palm Coast, Punta Gorda, Sarasota, Sebastian-Vero Beach and Tampa
  Maryland Baltimore and Rockville
  North Carolina Raleigh
  Virginia Washington, D.C.

Segment Operating Information. The following table presents certain operating information for our homebuilding reporting segments for the years ended November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 20112013 (dollars in millions, except average selling price):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
West Coast:          
Homes delivered2,179
 1,945
 1,757
2,258
 1,913
 2,179
Percentage of total homes delivered31% 31% 30%27% 27% 31%
Average selling price$467,800
 $388,300
 $335,500
$587,000
 $569,700
 $467,800
Total revenues (in millions) (a)$1,020.2
 $755.3
 $589.4
Total revenues (a)$1,402.3
 $1,089.9
 $1,020.2
Southwest:          
Homes delivered738
 683
 843
1,311
 736
 738
Percentage of total homes delivered10% 11% 15%16% 10% 10%
Average selling price$237,500
 $193,900
 $165,800
$284,600
 $271,100
 $237,500
Total revenues (in millions) (a)$175.3
 $132.4
 $139.9
Total revenues (a)$398.2
 $199.5
 $175.3
Central:          
Homes delivered2,841
 2,566
 2,155
3,183
 3,098
 2,841
Percentage of total homes delivered40% 41% 37%39% 43% 40%
Average selling price$198,900
 $170,100
 $171,500
$252,200
 $223,800
 $198,900
Total revenues (in millions) (a)$565.1
 $436.4
 $369.7
Total revenues (a)$809.7
 $698.4
 $565.1
Southeast:          
Homes delivered1,387
 1,088
 1,057
1,444
 1,468
 1,387
Percentage of total homes delivered19% 17% 18%18% 20% 19%
Average selling price$233,900
 $206,200
 $195,500
$281,900
 $263,600
 $233,900
Total revenues (in millions)$324.4
 $224.3
 $206.6
Total revenues (a)$410.8
 $401.9
 $324.4
Total:          
Homes delivered7,145
 6,282
 5,812
8,196
 7,215
 7,145
Average selling price$291,700
 $246,500
 $224,600
$354,800
 $328,400
 $291,700
Total revenues (in millions) (a)$2,085.0
 $1,548.4
 $1,305.6
Total revenues (a)$3,021.0
 $2,389.6
 $2,085.0
(a)Total revenues include revenues from housing and land sales.
Additional financial and operational information related to our homebuilding reporting segments, including revenues, pretax income (losses), inventories and assets, is provided below in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition

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and Results of ContentsOperations” section and in Note 2. Segment Information in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.

Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. The above table does not include homes delivered or revenues from unconsolidated joint ventures in which we participate. These unconsolidated joint ventures acquire and develop land in various markets where our homebuilding operations are located and, in some cases, build and deliver homes on the land developed.
Strategy
Since 1997, we have followed the principles of an operational business model that we call KBnxt. KBnxt provides the core framework under which we have established the primary operational and strategic goals for our homebuilding business. We believe the principles of KBnxt set us apart from other large-productionhigh-production homebuilders and provide the foundation for our long-term growth.
KBnxt. With KBnxt, we seek to generate improved operating efficiencies and return on investment through a disciplined, fact-based and process-driven approach to homebuilding that is founded on a constant and systematic assessment of consumer preferences and market opportunities. The key principles of KBnxt include the following:
gaining a detailed understanding of consumer location and home design and interior/exterior design option preferences through regular surveys and research. In this report and elsewhere, we refer to our home designs and design options as our “products;”
managing our working capital and reducing our operating risks by primarily acquiring primarily developed and entitled land at reasonable prices in identified preferred markets and submarkets that meet our investment return standards and market positioning (or “marketing”) strategy;
using our knowledge of consumer preferences to design, offer, construct and deliver products that meet the desiresneeds and interests of the largest demographic of homebuyers in our served markets. Historically, this demographic has been comprised of first-time and move-up buyers;homebuyers;
in general, commencing construction of a home only after we have a signed purchase contract has been signedwith a buyer and have obtained preliminary credit approval or other evidence of the buyer’s financial ability to purchase the home has been obtained;home;
building a backlog of orders to maintain an even flow production of homes, and minimizing the cycle time from initialthe start of construction to the delivery of homes to customers;
establishing an even flow production of high-quality homes at the lowest possible cost;buyers; and
offering customers a distinctive homebuying experience designed to offer the best combination of value and choice through affordable basesales prices andplus the opportunity to customize their homes through the choice ofas they desire by selecting a lot location within a community, as well as choices of various house elevations and floor plans, and numerous interior and exterior design options and upgrades available at our KB Home Studios.design studios. As part of this process, in-house teams of sales representatives, design consultants and other personnel work with each buyer to create a home that meets the buyer’s needs and budget.
While weWe consider KBnxt to be integral to our success in the homebuilding industry,industry. However, there canmay be market-driven circumstances where we believe it is necessary or appropriate to temporarily deviate from certain of itsKBnxt principles. For example, at times weThese deviations may be unable to maintain an even flow production of homes in a particular area because of slow net order activity. Also, in specific targeted communities with strong demand, we may startinclude starting construction on a small number of homes in a community before a corresponding purchase contract iscontracts are signed with buyers to more quickly meet thecustomer delivery expectations of homebuyers and generate revenues. In some land constrained submarkets,revenues; or in submarkets experiencing significant homebuilding activity, we may acquireacquiring undeveloped or unentitled land parcels that otherwise fit withfits within our marketing strategy and meetmeets our investment return standards. OtherIn addition, other circumstances maycould arise in the future that may lead us to make specific short-term shifts from the principles of KBnxt.our KBnxt principles.
Strategic and Operational Focus. Guided by our KBnxt overprinciples, we have since 2012 implemented an aggressive land acquisition and development investment strategy targeted at positioning more of our communities in attractive, land-constrained locations featuring higher-income homebuyers. We have also refined our product offerings to meet these buyers’ preferences both for larger homes with the option for more lot and product premiums and the choice of design options and upgrades to include with the construction of their homes. Over the last fewthree years, we have broadly transformed the scope, scale and orientation of our business both geographically and operationally, compared to where it stood prior to the severe and prolonged housing market downturn that began in mid-2006. We did this largely by focusing on three integrated strategic goals:
achieving and maintaining profitability at the scale of prevailing market conditions;
generating cash and strengthening our balance sheet; and
positioning our business to capitalize on future growth opportunities.
In executing on these strategic goals, we shifted resources from underperforming areas to markets and submarkets offering perceived higher growth prospects, particularly land constrained locations in coastal areas of California, in order to maintain a solid growth platform; implemented measures to generate and conserve cash and bolster our balance sheet, including reduced spending, asset sales, opportunistic capital market transactions, and continuous efforts to improve our operating efficiencies and lower our overhead costs; and redesigned and re-engineered our products. Although we generally experienced declines in net

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orders and revenues, and generated losses during this period, we believe our actions since the onset of the housing downturn have strengthened our ability to adapt to changing housing market dynamics and positioned us well for future growth.
In 2013, we saw continued progress in the housing recovery that had begun to take shape in 2012, and we shifted our priorities to focus on improving profitability per home delivered and generating revenue growth within our current operational footprint through a number of strategic growth initiatives that are discussed below under “Part II — Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” As in 2012, we aggressively invested approximately $3.57 billion in land and land development and continued to evolvesubstantially expanded our operating platform and community mix toward higher-performing, desirable locations in land constrainedcount. To further accelerate our growth, markets and our product offerings to meet changing consumer preferences. Increasingwe have prioritized enhancing the profitability perof each home delivered and executinggenerating higher revenues, as well as improving our asset efficiency and return on operational measuresinvested capital. Through this integrated strategic framework and its corresponding initiatives, we have produced significant improvement in our financial results and have been profitable for each of the last three fiscal years. We believe we can sustain our progress in 2016 by continuing to grow revenues will continue to beadvance our top strategic priorities, which are discussed further in 2014 as we seek to improve on our performance for 2013.
Based on our expectation that the healthier housing environment of the past two years will generally continue in 2014, we intend to pursue the following operational objectives,this report, subject to conditions in the housing markets, the overall economy and the housing, capital, credit and financial markets:
Active and Targeted Land Investment: Owning or controlling a forecasted three-to-five year base supply of developed or developable land subject to our investment return and marketing standards, and accelerating our land development activities, predominantly in high-performing, choice locations. We invested approximately $1.14 billion in land and land development in 2013 and approximately $565 million in 2012. This investment orientation yielded improved year-over-year results in 2013, contributing to higher revenues, average selling prices and housing gross profit margins. This was particularly the case in our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, where our ongoing investment concentration toward coastal submarkets in California has positioned us to open new home communities for sales in 2014 in areas and with products that we believe will appeal to more affluent buyers who desire larger homes and purchase more design options and features at our KB Home Studios.
In addition, we are pursuing opportunities to activate certain inventory previously held for future development in markets where improved conditions support such action. In 2012, we identified 21 communities for activation, primarily in Florida and Arizona, representing more than 1,000 lots, and delivered 293 homes from these communities in 2013. In 2013, we identified 20 communities for activation, primarily in California and Texas, representing approximately 1,700 lots. We expect to deliver homes and to realize the associated revenues from these activated assets in 2014.
Our community count at November 30, 2013 increased to 191 from 172 at November 30, 2012, largely as a result of the investments in land and land development we have made over the last few years. We use the term “community count” to refer to the number of new home communities with at least five homes/lots left to sell at the end of a reporting period.
Net Order Growth: Optimizing our assets by increasing revenues per new home community open for sales through an intense focus on balancing sales pace and selling prices. In addition, expanding our overall average selling price with, among other things, incremental gains from lot location, floor plan, home exterior elevation, structural and other premiums and additional sales of design options. Our approach is simple — provide the best combination of value, quality and choice in homes and design options in attractive locations along with attentive service to our customers — and is at the core of our distinct Built to Order™ homebuying experience. With Built to Order, we offer homebuyers affordable base prices and, unlike many other large-production homebuilders, the opportunity to significantly customize the floor plans and design options for their new home.
Organizational and Production Efficiency: Continuously enhancing our performance and taking steps to improve our housing gross profit margins by aligning our management resources, personnel levels and overhead costs with our growth platform, home delivery expectations and business needs, and by streamlining and constantly improving, to the extent possible, our home construction process and operational activities. In addition to even flow production scheduling, our home construction process includes developing and refining a set of value-engineered home designs in ways that allow us to meet the needs of our primary customer base in a variety of different markets, shorten cycle times and lower direct construction costs. It also includes taking advantage of economies of scale in contracting for building materials and skilled trade labor, and leveraging our organizational infrastructure in our served markets.

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Promotional Marketing Strategy. Our promotional marketing efforts are centered on differentiating the KB Home brand in the minds of our primary customer base from resale homes and from new homes sold by other homebuilders. These efforts increasingly involve using interactive Internet-based applications, social media outlets and other evolving communicationscommunication technologies. We believe that our Built to Order message and experience generate a high perceived value for our products and our company among consumers and real estate professionals, and are unique among large-production homebuilders. In marketing our Built to Order approach, we emphasize how we partner with our homebuyers to create a home built to their individual preferences in design, floor plan, elevation, square footage and lot location, and give them the ability to significantly customize their home

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with structural and design options that suit their needs and interests. In essence, Built to Order serves as the consumer face of core elements of KBnxt and is designed to ensure that our promotional marketing strategy and advertising campaigns are closely aligned with our overall operational focus. For greater consistency within our promotional marketing messages and in the execution of our Built to Order approach, the selling of our homes is carried out by in-house teams of sales representatives, design consultants and other personnel who work personally with each homebuyer to create a home that meets the homebuyer’s preferences and budget. In 2013, to further enhance our sales process, we began implementing a new design for our sales offices at communities we opened for sales during the year, reflecting a more contemporary look and technology to better engage with our homebuyers. We plan to continue to implement the new design for our sales offices in 2014.
Our KB Home Studiosdesign studios are a key component of the Built to Orderour distinct homebuying experience we offer to our homebuyers and help increase the revenues we generate from home sales. These showrooms, which are generally centrally located within our market geographies,served markets and utilize electronic displays and virtual design tools, allow our homebuyers to customize their home by selecting from a wide variety of design options and upgrades that are available at no-costno cost or for purchase as part of the original construction of their home. The coordinated efforts of our sales representatives and KB Home Studiodesign studio consultants are intended to generate higher customer satisfaction and lead to enhanced customer retention and referrals.
SustainabilityCustomer Service. . We have made a dedicated effort to further differentiate ourselves from other homebuilders and resale homes through our ongoing commitment to become a leading national company in environmental sustainability. Under this commitment, we:
refine our products and construction process to limit the materials needed to build our homes, and continuously look at ways to reduce construction and office waste;
build all of our new homes to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (“EPA”) ENERGY STAR® Version 3 standards;
build an increasing percentage of our homes to meet the U.S. EPA’s Watersense® specifications for water use efficiency;
build our homes with Watersense labeled fixtures;
seek out and utilize innovative technologies and systems to further improve the energy and water efficiency of our homes;
engage in campaigns and other educational efforts, sometimes together with other organizations and groups, to increase consumer awareness of the importance and impact of sustainability in selecting a home and the products within a home;
developed an Energy Performance Guide®, or EPG®, that informs our homebuyers of the relative energy efficiency and the related estimated monthly energy costs and potential energy cost savings of each of our homes as designed, compared to typical new and existing homes; and
created and are adding more net-zero energy design options, under a program called ZeroHouse 2.0™, that are available in select markets.
This commitment and the related initiatives we have implemented stem, in part, from growing sensitivities and regulatory attention to the potential impact that the construction and use of homes can have on the environment, including on the consumption of energy and water resources. They also reflect our efforts to balance these concerns with our homebuyers’ interest in affordable homes and in lowering their utility bills and total cost of homeownership on a long-term basis. More information about our sustainability commitment can be found in our annual sustainability reports, which we have published on our website since 2008. To date, we are the only national homebuilder to publish a comprehensive annual sustainability report. As we see environmental issues related to housing becoming increasingly important to consumers and government authorities at all levels, we intend to continue to research, evaluate and utilize new or improved products and construction and business practices consistent with our commitment. In addition to making good business sense, we believe our sustainability initiatives can help put us in a better position, compared to resale homes and homebuilders with less-developed programs, to comply with evolving local, state and federal rules and regulations intended to protect natural resources and to address climate change and similar environmental concerns.
Customer Service and Quality Control
Our goal is for our customers to be 100% satisfied with their new homes. Our on-site construction supervisors perform regular pre-closing quality checks and our sales representatives maintain regular contact with our homebuyers during the home construction process in an effort to ensure our homes meet our standards and our homebuyers’ expectations. We believe our prompt and courteous responses to homebuyers’ needs throughout the homebuying process help reduce post-closing repair costs, enhance our reputation for quality and service, and help encourage repeat and referral business from homebuyers and the real estate community. We also have employees who are responsible for responding to homebuyers’ post-closing needs, including warranty claims.

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We provide a Information about our limited warranty on allprogram is provided in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.
Operational Structure. We operate our homebuilding business through divisions with experienced management teams who have in-depth local knowledge of our homes. The specific termstheir particular served markets, which helps us acquire land in preferred locations; develop communities with products that meet local demand; and conditions vary depending on the markets where we do business. We generally provide a structural warranty of 10 years, a warranty on electrical, heating, cooling, plumbingunderstand local regulatory environments. Our division management teams exercise considerable autonomy in identifying land acquisition opportunities; developing land and certain other building systems each varying from two to five years based on geographic marketcommunities; implementing product, marketing and state law,sales strategies; and a warranty of one year for other components of a home.
Local Expertise
controlling costs. To maximize KBnxt’s effectiveness and help ensure itsmaintain consistent execution within our organization, our division management teams and other employees are continuously trained on KBnxt principles and are evaluated, in part, based on their achievement of relevant operational objectives. We also believe that
Our corporate management and support personnel develop and oversee the implementation of our business requires in-depth knowledge of local markets in order to acquire land in preferred locations consistent with our investment returnoverall operational policies and marketinginternal control standards, and on favorable terms, to engage subcontractors, to develop new home communitiesperform various centralized functions, including treasury and offer products that meet local demand, to anticipate consumer tastes in specific markets, and to assess local regulatory environments. Accordingly, we operate our business through divisions with experienced management teams and trained personnel who have local market expertise. Though we centralize certain functions (such as promotional marketing, legal, purchasing administration, product development, architecture and accounting) to benefit from economies of scale, our local management exercises considerable autonomy in identifyingcash management; land acquisition opportunities, developingapproval; accounting and implementing productfinancial reporting; internal audit and sales strategies,compliance activities; and controlling costs.investor and media relations.
Community Development and Land Inventory Management
Developable land for the production of homes is a core resource for our business. Based on our current strategic plans, we seek to own or control land sufficient to meet our forecasted production goals for the next three to five years. In 2016, we intend to continue to selectively acquire or control additional land that meets our investment return and marketing standards. However, we may decide to sell certain land interests as part of our capital allocation and marketing strategy, or to monetize land previously held for future development, or for other reasons.
Our community development process generally consists of four phases: land acquisition, land development into finished lots for a community (if necessary), home construction and delivery of completed homes.homes to buyers. Historically, our community development process has ranged from six to 24 months in our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, with a somewhat shorter duration in our other homebuilding reporting segments. TheOur community development process varies based on, among other things, the extent and speed of required government approvals required,and utility service activations, the overall size of a particular community, the scope of necessary site preparation activities, the type of product(s) that will be offered, weather conditions, time of year, promotional marketing results, the availability of construction resources, consumer demand, and local and general economic and housing market conditions.conditions, and other factors.
Although they vary significantly in size and complexity, our new home communities typically consist of 30 to 250 lots ranging in size from 1,900 to 20,00011,500 square feet. In our communities, we typically offer from three to 15 home design choices. We also generally build one to three model homes at each community so that prospective buyers can preview various products available. Depending on the community, we may offer premium lots containing more square footage, better views and/or location benefits. A fewSome of our communities consist of a single multiple-story structurestructures that encompassesencompass several attached condominium-style units.
The following table summarizes our average community count by homebuilding reporting segment:
For the Years Ended November 30, West Coast Southwest Central Southeast Total
2013 41
 18
 82
 41
 182
2012 53
 14
 81
 32
 180
Land Acquisition and Land Development. We continuously evaluate land acquisition opportunities against our investment return and marketing standards, balancing competing needs for financial strength, liquidity and land inventory for future growth. In many cases, we are able to leverage our long-standing business relationships and reputation with local land sellers, our financial resources and our steady operating history to secure opportunities ahead of other homebuilders, developers or investors. When we acquire land, we generally focus on land parcels containing fewer than 250with lots that are fully entitled for residential construction and are either physically developed to start home construction (referred to as “finished lots”) or partially finished. Acquiring finished or partially finished lots enables us to construct and deliver homes with minimal additional development work or expenditures. We believe this is a more efficient way to use our working capital and reduces the operating risks associated with having to develop and/or entitle land, such as unforeseen improvement costs and/or changes in market conditions. However, depending on market conditions and available opportunities, including opportunities to secure certain finished lots or property in land constrained or very active submarkets, we may acquire undeveloped and/or unentitled land. We may also invest in projectsland that requirerequires us to re-purposerepurpose and re-entitle the property for residential use, such as in-fill developments. We expect that the overall balance of undeveloped, unentitled, entitled, partially finished and finished lots in our inventory will vary over time, and in

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implementing our strategic growth initiatives, we may acquire a greater proportion of undeveloped or unentitled land in the future.future if and as the availability of reasonably-priced land with finished or partially finished lots diminishes.
Consistent with KBnxt, weWe target geographic areas for potential land acquisitions and community development based on the results of periodic surveys of both new and resale homebuyers in particular markets, prevailing local economic conditions, the supply and type of homes available for sale, and other research activities. Local, in-house land acquisition specialists analyze specific geographic areas to identify desirable land acquisition targets or to evaluate whether to dispose of an existing land interest.

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We also use studies performed by third-party specialists. Using this internal and external data, some of the factors we consider in evaluating land acquisition targets are consumer preferences; general economic conditions; prevailing and expected home sales activity and the selling prices and pricing trends of comparable new and resale homes in the subject submarket; proximity to metropolitan areas and employment centers; population, household formation, demographic, and employment and commercial growth patterns; household income levels; availability of developable land parcels at reasonable cost, including estimated costs of completing land development and selling homes; our operational scale and experience in the subject submarket; and regulatory and environmental compliance matters.
We generally structure our land acquisition and land development activities to minimize, or to defer the timing of, expenditures which improves our returnsin order to reduce both the market risks associated with land-related investments. While we use a variety of techniques to accomplish this, weholding land and our working capital and financial commitments, including interest and other carrying costs. We typically use contracts that in exchange for a small initial option or earnest money deposit payment give us an option or similar right to acquire land at a future date, usually at a pre-determined price and for a small initial option or earnest money deposit payment. These contracts may also permit us to partially develop the underlying land prior to our acquisition and/or condition our acquisition obligation onpending our satisfaction with the feasibility of developing the subject land and selling homes on the land by aand/or an underlying land seller’s completion of certain future date.obligations, such as securing entitlements, developing infrastructure or finishing lots. We refer to land subject to such option or similar contractual rights as being “controlled.” Our decision to exercise a particular land option or similar right is based on the results of our due diligence and continued market viability analysis we conduct after entering into such a contract. In some cases,Information related to our decision to exercise a land option or similar right may be conditioned on the land seller obtaining necessary entitlements, such as zoning rights and environmental and development approvals, and/or physically developing the underlying land by a pre-determined date.
Our land option contracts and other similar contracts may also allow us to phase our land acquisitions and/or land development over a period of time and/or upon the satisfaction of certain conditions. We may also acquire land with seller financing that is non-recourse to us, or by workingprovided in conjunction with third-party land developers or other parties. The use of these land option contractsNote 7. Inventory Impairments and other similar contracts generally allows us to reduce the market risks associated with direct land ownership and development, and to reduce our capital and financial commitments, including interest and other carrying costs.
Our land option contracts and other similar contracts generally do not contain provisions requiring our specific performance. However, depending on the circumstances, our initial option or earnest money deposit may or may not be refundable to us if we abandon the related land option contract or other similar contract and do not complete the acquisition of the underlying land. In addition, if we abandon a land option contract or other similar contract, we usually cannot recover the pre-acquisition costs we incurred after we entered into the contract, including those related to our due diligence and other evaluation activities and/or partial development of the subject land, if any.
Before we commit to any land acquisition, our senior corporate and regional management evaluate the asset based on the results of our local specialists’ due diligence, third-party data and a set of defined financial measures, including, but not limited to, housing gross profit margin analyses and specific discounted, after-tax cash flow internal rate of return requirements. The criteria guiding our land acquisition and disposition decisions have resulted in our maintaining inventory in areas that we believe generally offer better returns for lower risk and lower our upfront investment in inventory.
Our inventories include land we are holding for future development, which is comprised of land where we have suspended development activity or development has not yet begun but is expected to occurLand Option Contract Abandonments in the future. These assets held for future development are located in various submarkets where conditions do not presently support further investment or development, or are subjectNotes to a building permit moratorium or regulatory restrictions, or are portions of larger land parcels that we plan to build out over several years and/or that have not yet been entitled and, therefore, have an extended development timeline. We may also suspend development activity if we believe it will result in greater returns and/or maximize the economic performance of a community by delaying improvements for a period of time to allow earlier phases of a long-term, multi-phase community or a neighboring community to generate sales momentum or for market conditions to improve. We resume development activity when we believe our investmentConsolidated Financial Statements in this inventory will be optimized or, in some instances, to accelerate sales pace and/or our return on investment, and we have activated assets previously held for future development in certain markets as part of our strategic growth initiatives.report.
The following table presents the number of inventory lots we owned, in various stages of development, or controlled under land option contracts or other similar contracts by homebuilding reporting segment as of November 30, 20132015 and 2012. The table does not include approximately 10 acres we owned as of November 30, 2013 and approximately 326 acres we owned as of November 30, 2012 that were not expected to be approved for subdivision into lots in the respective period.2014:

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Homes Under
Construction and Land
Under Development
 
Land Held for Future
Development
 
Land Under
Option
 
Total Land
Owned or
Under Option
Homes Under
Construction and Land
Under Development
 
Land Held for Future
Development
 
Land Under
Option
 
Total Land
Owned or
Under Option
2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 20122015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014
West Coast4,414
 2,899
 3,348
 3,936
 4,850
 3,613
 12,612
 10,448
4,526
 5,467
 2,768
 3,157
 4,126
 4,210
 11,420
 12,834
Southwest2,318
 1,275
 7,552
 7,743
 2,347
 534
 12,217
 9,552
6,349
 6,985
 1,871
 2,255
 761
 317
 8,981
 9,557
Central10,873
 7,859
 1,451
 2,055
 10,482
 4,612
 22,806
 14,526
13,793
 13,692
 1,254
 1,339
 2,700
 4,098
 17,747
 19,129
Southeast3,734
 1,922
 4,665
 4,934
 5,061
 3,370
 13,460
 10,226
3,999
 4,618
 3,500
 3,879
 1,752
 2,181
 9,251
 10,678
Total21,339
 13,955
 17,016
 18,668
 22,740
 12,129
 61,095
 44,752
28,667
 30,762
 9,393
 10,630
 9,339
 10,806
 47,399
 52,198
Reflecting our geographic diversity and relatively balanced operational footprint, asThe following charts present the percentage ofNovember 30, 2013, 21% of the inventory lots we owned or controlled were located in our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, 20% were in our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment, 37% were in our Central homebuilding reporting segment and 22% were in our Southeast homebuilding reporting segment.
The following table presents the carrying value of inventory we owned, in various stages of development, or controlled under land option contracts or other similar contracts by homebuilding reporting segment and the percentage of total lots we owned and controlled under option as of November 30, 2013 and 2012 (in thousands):2015:
 
Homes Under
Construction and Land
Under Development
 
Land Held for Future
Development
 
Land Under
Option
 
Total Land
Owned or
Under Option
 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012
West Coast$797,540
 $471,650
 $297,420
 $337,229
 $49,224
 $33,718
 $1,144,184
 $842,597
Southwest141,153
 63,456
 157,924
 156,159
 5,162
 1,830
 304,239
 221,445
Central383,210
 292,475
 15,193
 21,806
 12,673
 5,443
 411,076
 319,724
Southeast265,708
 154,992
 158,992
 153,661
 14,378
 14,152
 439,078
 322,805
Total$1,587,611
 $982,573
 $629,529
 $668,855
 $81,437
 $55,143
 $2,298,577
 $1,706,571
Home Construction and Deliveries. Following the acquisition of land and, if necessary, the development of the land into finished lots, we typically begin constructing model homes and marketing homes for sale. The time required forWe have developed and refined a standardized set of value-engineered home designs to enhance our construction of our homes depends on the weather, time of year, availability of local skilled trade labor and building materials and other factors.efficiency. To minimize the costs and risks of unsold homes in production, we generally begin construction of a home only whenafter we have a signed purchase contract with a homebuyerbuyer and we have obtained preliminary credit approval or other evidence of a homebuyer’sthe buyer’s financial ability to purchase the home. However, cancellations of home purchase contracts prior to the delivery of the underlying homes, the construction of attached products with some unsold units, or specific strategic considerations will result in our having unsold completed or partially-completed homes in production.our inventory.

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We act as the general contractor for the majority of our communities, and hire experiencedengage outside general contractors in all other instances. We, or the outside general contractors we engage, contract with a variety of independent subcontractors, who are typically locally-based, to supply the skilled trade laborperform all land development and to procurehome construction work through their own employees or subcontractors. We do not self-perform any land development or home construction work. These independent subcontractors also supply some of the building materials required for allsuch production activities. Our contracts with ourthese independent subcontractors require that they comply with all laws applicable to their work, including laborwage and safety laws, meet performance standards, and follow local building codes and permits.
Raw Materials. Outside of land, the principal raw materials used in our production process are concrete and forest products. Other primary materials used in home construction include drywall and plumbing and electrical items. We source all of our building materials from third parties. We attempt to enhance the efficiency of our operations by using, where practical, standardized materials that are commercially available on competitive terms from a variety of outside sources. In addition, we have established national and regional purchasing programs for certain building materials, appliances, fixtures and other items that allow us to take advantage of economies of scale and garner better pricing and more reliable supplybenefit from large-quantity purchase discounts and, where available, participate in outside manufacturer or supplier rebate programs. At all stagesWhen possible, we arrange for bulk purchases of production,these products at favorable prices from such manufacturers and suppliers. Although our administrative and on-site supervisory personnel oversee and coordinate the activities of subcontractors to meet our production schedules and quality standards.
Backlog
We sell our homes under standard purchase contracts, which generally require a homebuyer to pay a deposit at the time of signing. The amount of the deposit required varies among markets and communities. Homebuyers also may be required to pay additional deposits when they select design optionspurchasing strategies have helped us in negotiating favorable prices for their homes. Most of our home purchase contracts stipulate that if a homebuyer cancels a contract with us,raw materials, in recent years we have the right to retain the homebuyer’s deposits. However, we generally permit our homebuyers to cancel their obligationsencountered higher prices for lumber, drywall and obtain refunds of all or a portion of their deposits in the event mortgage financing cannot be obtained within a certain period of time, as specified in their contract. We define our cancellation rate for a given period as the total number of contracts for new homes canceled divided by the total new (gross) orders for homes during the same period. Our cancellation rate for the year was 32% in 2013, compared to a cancellation rate of 31% in 2012. Our cancellation rate wasconcrete.

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36% in the fourth quarter of 2013, compared to 35% in the fourth quarter of 2012. Our cancellation rates and the factors affecting our cancellation rates are further discussed below under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Part II — Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”Backlog
Our “backlog” consists of homes that are under a home purchase contract but have not yet been delivered to a homebuyer.buyer. Ending backlog represents the number of homes in backlog from the previous period plus the number of net orders (new orders for homes less cancellations) generated during the current period minus the number of homes delivered during the current period. Our backlog at any given time will be affected by cancellations, homes delivered and by our community count. Our cancellation rates and the factors affecting our cancellation rates are further discussed below in both the “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” sections in this report. The number of homes we deliver has historically increased from the first to the fourth quarter in any year.
Our backlog at November 30, 2013 consisted Substantially all of 2,557 homes, essentially flat with the 2,577our homes in backlog at November 30, 2012. 2015 are expected to be delivered during the year ended November 30, 2016.
Our backlog at November 30, 20132015 increased 36% to 3,966 homes from 2,909 homes at November 30, 2014, largely due to a year-over-year increase in our net orders in 2015. Our backlog at November 30, 2015 represented potential future housing revenues of approximately $682.5 million,$1.28 billion, a 10%40% increase from potential future housing revenues of approximately $618.6$914.0 million at November 30, 2012, primarily due to a higher overall average selling price. Our backlog conversion ratio, defined as homes delivered in a quarter as a percentage of backlog at2014, reflecting the beginning of that quarter, will vary from quarter to quarter, depending on thelarger number of homes in our backlog that are under construction, home construction pace, cancellations and the numbera higher average selling price of homes we sell and deliver within a quarter.those homes.

Our net orders for the year ended November 30, 2013 increased to 7,125 from 6,703 for the year ended November 30, 2012, marking the third consecutive year that full-year net orders have increased from the previous year. The value of the net orders we generated for the year ended November 30, 2013 increased 24% to $2.16 billion from $1.73 billion for the prior year. Our net order value for a given period represents the potential future housing revenues associated with net orders and homebuyers’ design option choices for homes in backlog during the same period. Our net order value may be further impacted by changes related to cancellations and change orders between periods.
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The following tablescharts present homes delivered, net orders (number of net orders and value) and cancellation rates by homebuilding reporting segment for each quarter during the years ended November 30, 2013 and 2012, and our ending backlog (number of homes and value) at the endby homebuilding reporting segment as of each quarter within those years:November 30, 2014 and 2015:
 West Coast Southwest Central Southeast Total
Homes delivered         
2013         
First509
 140
 571
 265
 1,485
Second594
 211
 637
 355
 1,797
Third555
 194
 757
 319
 1,825
Fourth521
 193
 876
 448
 2,038
Total2,179
 738
 2,841
 1,387
 7,145
2012         
First309
 170
 487
 184
 1,150
Second330
 157
 536
 267
 1,290
Third541
 186
 700
 293
 1,720
Fourth765
 170
 843
 344
 2,122
Total1,945
 683
 2,566
 1,088
 6,282
          

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 West Coast Southwest Central Southeast Total
Net orders         
2013         
First530
 199
 653
 289
 1,671
Second587
 189
 968
 418
 2,162
Third427
 180
 743
 386
 1,736
Fourth371
 188
 663
 334
 1,556
Total1,915
 756
 3,027
 1,427
 7,125
2012         
First289
 140
 547
 221
 1,197
Second600
 229
 900
 320
 2,049
Third658
 154
 765
 323
 1,900
Fourth619
 140
 485
 313
 1,557
Total2,166
 663
 2,697
 1,177
 6,703
          
Net orders — value, in thousands         
2013         
First$261,342
 $43,706
 $133,492
 $68,263
 $506,803
Second292,769
 49,246
 198,621
 99,002
 639,638
Third227,119
 44,885
 160,566
 96,352
 528,922
Fourth194,888
 53,248
 144,255
 89,311
 481,702
Total$976,118
 $191,085
 $636,934
 $352,928
 $2,157,065
2012         
First$112,232
 $24,907
 $94,452
 $45,938
 $277,529
Second235,299
 44,577
 155,521
 67,673
 503,070
Third252,566
 34,536
 135,934
 70,241
 493,277
Fourth259,159
 30,986
 98,738
 70,387
 459,270
Total$859,256
 $135,006
 $484,645
 $254,239
 $1,733,146
          

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 West Coast Southwest Central Southeast Total
Cancellation rates         
2013         
First23% 22% 39% 34% 32%
Second20
 23
 32
 22
 27
Third25
 24
 41
 27
 33
Fourth29
 25
 44
 31
 36
Total24% 24% 39% 28% 32%
2012         
First34% 24% 39% 37% 36%
Second24
 17
 28
 28
 26
Third23
 16
 35
 27
 29
Fourth25
 21
 47
 31
 35
Total26% 19% 37% 30% 31%
          
Ending backlog — homes        
2013         
First705
 242
 1,231
 585
 2,763
Second698
 220
 1,562
 648
 3,128
Third570
 206
 1,548
 715
 3,039
Fourth420
 201
 1,335
 601
 2,557
2012         
First443
 173
 1,078
 509
 2,203
Second713
 245
 1,442
 562
 2,962
Third830
 213
 1,507
 592
 3,142
Fourth684
 183
 1,149
 561
 2,577
          
Ending backlog — value, in thousands      
2013         
First$287,970
 $54,604
 $235,759
 $125,560
 $703,893
Second337,878
 48,524
 296,949
 143,262
 826,613
Third276,031
 48,646
 315,900
 167,906
 808,483
Fourth206,308
 50,858
 279,424
 145,899
 682,489
2012         
First$150,638
 $32,139
 $177,998
 $99,176
 $459,951
Second301,652
 43,518
 237,558
 110,680
 693,408
Third327,528
 40,727
 251,900
 124,589
 744,744
Fourth248,790
 40,206
 204,473
 125,157
 618,626
Land and Raw Materials
Based on our current strategic plans, we strive to own or control land sufficient to meet our forecasted production goals for the next three to five years. As discussed above under “Strategy,” in 2014 we intend to acquire additional land subject to conditions in housing markets, the overall economy and the capital, credit and financial markets. However, we may also decide to sell certain land or land interests as part of our marketing strategy or for other reasons.

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The principal raw materials used in the construction of our homes are concrete and forest products. In addition, we use a variety of other construction materials in the homebuilding process, including drywall and plumbing and electrical items. We attempt to enhance the efficiency of our operations by using, where practical, standardized materials that are commercially available on competitive terms from a variety of sources. In addition, our national and regional purchasing programs for certain building materials, appliances, fixtures and other items allow us to benefit from large quantity purchase discounts and, where available, manufacturer or supplier rebates. When possible, we arrange for bulk purchases of these products at favorable prices from manufacturers and suppliers. Although our purchasing strategies have helped us in negotiating favorable prices for raw materials, in 2013, we encountered higher prices for lumber, drywall, concrete and other materials and for skilled trade labor, and we expect to see additional cost increases if and as the present housing recovery progresses, as discussed further below under “Competition, Seasonality, Delivery Mix and Other Factors.”
Customer Financing
Our homebuyers may obtain mortgage financing to purchase our homes from any lender or other provider of their choice. We do not directly offer mortgage banking services or originate residential consumer mortgage loans (“mortgage loans”) for our customers. Prior to late June 2011, KBA Mortgage, LLC (“KBA Mortgage”), an unconsolidated mortgage banking joint venture of a subsidiary of ours and a subsidiary of Bank of America, N.A., provided mortgage banking services to a significant proportion of our homebuyers. KBA Mortgage ceased offering mortgage banking services after June 30, 2011.
Since mid-2011, we have had a marketing services agreement with a preferred mortgage lender that offers mortgage banking services, including mortgage loan originations, to our homebuyers who elect to use the lender. The mortgage banking services are described further under “Part II — Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Financial Services Reporting Segment.” At no time has our preferred mortgage lender or its respective parent company been an affiliate of ours or any of our subsidiaries. Except as discussed below, we have not had any ownership, joint venture or other interests in or with our preferred mortgage lender or its respective parent company or with respect to the revenues or income that may be generated from our preferred mortgage lender providing mortgage banking services to, or originating mortgage loans for, our homebuyers. Until the first quarter of 2012, our preferred mortgage lender was MetLife Home Loans, a division of MetLife Bank, N.A., which announced in January 2012 that it was ceasing to offer forward mortgage banking services as part of its business. In March 2012, Nationstar Mortgage LLC (“Nationstar”) became our preferred mortgage lender. Nationstar began accepting new mortgage loan applications from our homebuyers on May 1, 2012.
On January 21, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Nationstar to form Home Community Mortgage, LLC (“Home Community Mortgage”), a mortgage banking company that will offer an array of mortgage banking services to our homebuyers. Nationstar will continue as our preferred mortgage lender until Home Community Mortgage begins offering mortgage banking services, which is expected in the first quarter of 2014. Home Community Mortgage is accounted for as an unconsolidated joint venture within our financial services reporting segment.
Employees
We employ a trained staff of land acquisition specialists, architects, planners, engineers, construction supervisors, marketing and sales personnel, and finance and accounting personnel, supplemented as necessary by outside consultants, who guide the development of our communities from their conception through the promotional marketing and delivery of completed homes.
At December 31, 20132015 and 2012,2014, we had approximately 1,4301,680 and 1,2001,590 full-time employees, respectively. None of our employees are represented by a collective bargaining agreement.
Competition, Seasonality, Delivery Mix and Other Factors
Competition.The homebuilding industry and housing market are highly competitive with respect to selling homes; hiring skilled trade labor,contracting for construction services, such as carpenters, roofers, electricianscarpentry, roofing, electrical and plumbers;plumbing; and acquiring attractive developable land.land, though the intensity of competition can vary and fluctuate between and within individual markets and submarkets. We compete for homebuyers, skilled trade workers, management talentconstruction resources and desirable land against numerous homebuilders, ranging from regional and national firms to small local enterprises. As to homebuyers, we primarily compete with other homebuilders on the basis of selling price, community location and amenities, availability of financing options, home designs, reputation, home construction quality and cycle time, and the design options and featuresupgrades that can be included in a home. In some cases, this competition occurs within larger residential development projects containing separate sections designed, planned and developed by other homebuilders. In addition, weWe also compete for homebuyers against housing alternatives other thanto new homes, including resale homes, apartments, single-family rentals and other rental housing. In certain markets experiencing heavy construction activity, there can be severe craft and at times when housing demand is high, we also compete with other homebuilders and commercial and remodeling contractors to hire skilled trade labor, primarily on the basis of pre-existing relationships, contract price and volume and consistency of available work. During the housing downturn, many skilled workers leftshortages that limit independent subcontractors’ ability to supply construction for other industries. As a result,services to us, which in 2013 and 2012, in markets experiencing increased residential

12


construction activity dueturn tends to improved housing market conditions, the relatively smaller workforce combined with higher demand for trade labor created shortages of certain skilled workers, drivingdrive up our costs and/or extending land development and homeextend our production schedules. Elevated construction schedules. This elevated residential construction activity has also contributed to notablemeasurable increases in the cost of certain building materials, such as lumber, drywall and concrete, reflecting in part a smaller supplier base and lower production capacity than existed before the housing downturn. Inconcrete. Since 2013, we also sawhave seen higher prices for desirable land amid heightened competition with homebuilders and other developers and investors, particularly in the land constrainedland-constrained areas we are strategically targeting. We expect these upward cost trends in construction labor, building materials and land costs to continue and possibly intensify, in 20142016 if and as the present housing recovery progressesmarket activity grows and there is greater competition for these resources.
Seasonality. Our performance is affected by seasonal demand trends for housing. Traditionally, there has been more consumer demand for home purchases and we tend to generate more net orders in the mid- to late-springspring and early summer months (corresponding to most of our second quarter and part of our third quarters)quarter) than at other times of the year. With our Built to Orderdistinct homebuying approach and typical home construction cycle times, this “selling season” demand results in our delivering more homes and generating

7



higher revenues from late summer through the fall months (corresponding to part of our third quarter and all of our fourth quarters)quarter). On a relative basis, the winter and early spring months within our first quarter and part of our second quartersquarter usually produce the fewest net orders, homes delivered and revenues, and the sequential difference from our fourth quarter to our first quarter can be significant.
Delivery Mix and Other Factors. In addition to the overall volume of homes we sell and deliver, our results in a given period are significantly affected by the geographic mix of markets and submarkets in which we operate; the number and characteristics of the new home communities we have open for sales in those markets and submarkets; and the products we sell from those communities during the period. While there are some similarities, there are differences within and between our served markets in terms of the quantity, size and nature of the new home communities we operate and the products we offer to consumers. These differences reflect, among other things, local homebuyer preferences; household demographics (e.g.(e.g., large families or working professionals; income levels); geographic context (e.g.(e.g., urban or suburban; availability of reasonably priced finished lots; development constraints; residential density); and the shifts that can occur in these factors over time. These structural factors in each of our served markets will affect the costs we incur and the time it takes to locate, acquire rights to and develop land, open new home communities for sales, and market and build homes; the size of our homes; our selling prices (including the contribution from homebuyers’ purchases of design options)options and upgrades); and the pace at which we sell and deliver homes and close out communities.communities; and our housing gross profits and housing gross profit margins. Therefore, our results in any given period will fluctuate compared to other periods based on the proportion of homes delivered from areas with higher or lower selling prices and on the corresponding land and overhead costs incurred to generate those deliveries, as well as from our overall community count. In 2013, we targeted opening more of our new home communities for sales in higher-performing, choice locations — predominately in land constrained areas that have customers with higher household incomes who desire larger homes and purchase more design options, key drivers for our home selling prices and housing gross profit margins. Due in part to this focused approach, in 2013, we posted favorable year-over-year results in revenues as we delivered more homes from these areas, and generated higher housing gross profits for the year compared to 2012. At the same time, we had modest year-over-year growth in net orders. In 2014, we plan to continue our approach of opening new home communities for sales in locations with the above-described demand characteristics, and we anticipate that we will have more new home communities open for sales than we did in 2013.
Financing
We do not generally finance the development of our communities with project financing. By “project financing,” we mean loans from parties other than land sellers that are specifically obtained for, or secured by, particular communities or other inventory assets. Instead, ourOur operations have historically been funded by resultsinternally generated cash flows, public equity and debt issuances, land option contracts and other similar contracts and land seller financing, and performance bonds and letters of operations, public debt and equity financing.credit. We also have the ability to borrow funds under our unsecured revolving credit facility with various banks (as amended, the “Credit(“Credit Facility”). Depending on market conditions in 2014,and available opportunities, we may obtain project financing, or secure external financing with community or other inventory assets that we own or control. By “project financing,” we mean loans that are specifically obtained for, or secured by, particular communities or other inventory assets. We may also arrange or engage in capital markets, bank loan, project debt or other financial transactions and/or expand the capacity of the Credit Facility or our cash-collateralized letter of credit facilities with various financial institutions (the “LOC Facilities”) or enter into additional such facilities. These transactions may include repurchases from time to time of our outstanding senior notes or other debt through redemptions, tender offers, exchange offers, private exchanges, open market purchases or other means, and may include potential new issuances of equity or senior or convertible senior notes or other debt through public offerings, private placements or other arrangements to raise new capital to support our current land and land development investment targets, and for other business purposes and/or to effect repurchases or redemptions of our outstanding senior notes or other debt. Our ability to engage in such financial transactions, however, may be constrained by economic, capital, credit and/or financial market conditions, investor interest and/or our current leverage ratios, and we can provide no assurance of the success or costs of any such transactions.

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Environmental Compliance Matters and Sustainability
As part of our due diligence process for land acquisitions, we often use third-party environmental consultants to investigate potential environmental risks, and we require disclosures, representations and warranties from land sellers regarding environmental risks. Despite these efforts, there can be no assurance that we will avoid material liabilities relating to the existence or removal of toxic wastes, site restoration, monitoring or other environmental matters affecting properties currently or previously owned or controlled by us. No estimate of any potential liabilities can be made although we may, from time to time, acquire property that requires us to incur environmental clean-up costs after conducting appropriate due diligence, including, but not limited to, using detailed investigations performed by environmental consultants. In such instances, we take steps prior to our acquisition of the land to gain reasonable assurance as to the precise scope of work required and the costs associated with removal, site restoration and/or monitoring. To the extent contamination or other environmental issues have occurred in the past, we will attempt to recover restoration costs from third parties, such as the generators of hazardous waste, land sellers or others in the prior chain of title and/or their insurers. Based on these practices, we anticipate that it is unlikely that environmental clean-up costs will have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. We have not been notified by any governmental agency of any claim that any of the properties owned or formerly owned by us are identified by the EPAU.S. Environmental Protection Agency (or similar state or local agency) as being a “Superfund” (or similar state or local) clean-up site requiring remediation, which could have a material effect on our future consolidated financial statements. Costs associated with the use of environmental consultants are not material to our consolidated financial statements.
We have made a dedicated effort to further differentiate ourselves from other homebuilders and resale homes through our ongoing commitment to become a leading national company in environmental sustainability. We continually seek out and utilize innovative technologies and systems to further improve the energy and water efficiency of our homes, as well as engage in campaigns and other educational efforts, sometimes together with other companies, organizations and groups, to increase consumer awareness of the importance and impact of sustainability in selecting a home and the products within a home. Under our commitment to sustainability, we, among other things:
build energy- and water-efficient new homes;

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developed an Energy Performance Guide®, or EPG®, that informs our homebuyers of the relative energy efficiency and the related estimated monthly energy costs of each of our homes as designed, compared to typical new and existing homes; and
created and are adding more net-zero energy and zero freshwater design options, under a program called Double ZeroHouse™ 3.0, that are available in select markets.
More information about our sustainability commitment can be found in our annual sustainability reports, which we have published on our website since 2008. We intend to continue to research, evaluate and utilize new or improved products and construction and business practices consistent with our commitment and believe our sustainability initiatives can help put us in a better position, compared to resale homes and homebuilders with less-developed programs, to comply with evolving local, state and federal rules and regulations intended to protect natural resources and to address climate change and similar environmental concerns.
Access to Our Information
We fileOur annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly andreports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, beneficial ownership reports on Forms 3, 4 and 5 and proxy statements, and other informationas well as all amendments to those reports are available free of charge through our investor relations website at http://investor.kbhome.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). We make our public SEC filings available, at no cost, through our investor relations website at www.investor.kbhome.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after the report is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. We will also provide these reports in electronic or paper format free of charge upon request made to our investor relations department at investorrelations@kbhome.com or at our principal executive offices. We intend for our investor relations website to be the primary location where investors and the general public can obtain announcements regarding, and can learn more about, our financial and operational performance, business plans and prospects, and our board of directors, our senior executive management team, and our corporate governance policies, including our articles of incorporation, by-laws, corporate governance principles, board committee charters, and ethics policy. We may from time to time choose to disclose or post important information about our business on or through our investor relations website, and/or through other electronic channels, including social media outlets, such as Twitter (Twitter.com/KBHome), and other evolving communicationscommunication technologies. We webcast and archive quarterly earnings calls and other investor events in which we participate or host, and post related materials, on our investor relations website. Interested persons can register on our investor relations website to receive prompt notifications of new SEC filings, press releases and other information posted there. However, theThe content available on or through our primary website at www.kbhome.com, or our investor relations website, including our sustainability reports, or social media outlets and other evolving communication technologies is not incorporated by reference in this report or in any other filing we make with the SEC. OurSEC, and our references in our SEC filings or otherwise to materials posted on or to anysuch content available on or through our websites and/or through other electronic channels, including social media outlets and other evolving communications technologies, are intended to be inactive textual or oral references only. Our SEC filings are also available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. The public may also read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s public reference room located at 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the public reference room.
Item 1A.RISK FACTORS
The following important factors could adversely impact our business. These factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking and other statements that (a) we make in registration statements, periodic reports and other filings with the SEC and from time to time in our news releases, annual reports and other written reports or communications, (b) we post on or make available through our primary website at www.kbhome.com or our investor relations website at www.investor.kbhome.comwebsites and/or through other electronic channels, including social media outlets and other evolving communications technologies, and (c) our personnel and representatives make orally from time to time.
The recent improvement inSoft or negative economic or housing market conditions following a severe and prolonged housing downturn may not continue, and any slowing or reversal of the present housing recovery generally or in our served markets or for the homebuilding industry may materially and adversely affect our business and consolidated financial statements.
In 2013,Since 2012, the housing recoverymarket has continued to advance afterimprove compared to the several difficult years of weak demand and excess supply during the housing downturn.downturn from mid-2006 through 2011. The present recovery, which began to take shape in 2012,improvement has been fueleddriven primarily by sustainedsteady demand for homes, fairly low inventories of homes available for sale and generally favorablehealthy economic and demographic trends. Housing demand has been supported by population growth, household formations, favorable housing affordability largely due to relatively low interest

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rates for mortgage loans, and positive consumer confidence.factors. However, the performance of individual housing markets varied throughout the year. Further,2015, with home sales activity and selling price appreciation robust in mid-2013, a sudden rise in mortgage loan interest rates, combined with steadily increasing home prices, tempered a relatively heated sales pace seen earlier in the year, and an extended legislative impasse during federal government budget and debt ceiling negotiations in October 2013 negatively affected consumer confidence and net orders in our fourth quarter.
Despite the changing environment during the year, with the present housing recovery, we and other homebuilders for the most part reported higher orders and homes delivered and better financial results in 2013 than in 2012. However, the improved conditions did not extend to a number of housing markets we serve, and somecertain markets and submarkets have been stronger than others. tepid in others due to, among other things, rising housing prices and/or inventory levels.
We expect that such unevenness in housing market conditions will continue in 20142016 and beyond, whether or not the present housing recovery progresses, and that prevailing conditions in variousthere will be fluctuations among and within individual housing markets and submarkets will fluctuate.markets. These fluctuations may be significant and unfavorable, in future periods. In addition, while some of the many negative factors that contributed to the housing downturn may have moderated, several remain, and they could returnbe more pronounced and/or intensify to inhibit any future improvementprolonged in housing marketour served markets. Our operations and consolidated financial statements can be substantially affected by adverse changes in prevailing business conditions, in 2014. These negative factors include (a) including, among others:
weak general economic, income and employment growth;
diminished population growth, that, amonghousehold formations and other things, restrainsnegative demographic changes;

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high consumer incomes, consumer confidence and demand for homes; (b) debt levels, including elevated student loan balances;
delinquencies, defaults and foreclosures on mortgage loans that could add to a “shadow inventory” of lender-owned homes that may be soldloans;
increases in competition with new homes, including our homes, and resale homes at low “distressed” prices or that generate short sales activity at such price levels; (c) a significant number of homeowners whose outstanding principal balance on their mortgage loan exceeds the market value of their home, which undermines their ability to purchase another home that they otherwise might desire and be able to afford, and also cause lenders to curb mortgage loan origination activity; (d) interest rates;
volatility and uncertainty in domestic and international financial, creditcapital and consumer lending markets amid slow growthmarkets;
lack of availability of or recessionary conditions in various regions around the world; and (e) tight lending standards and practicesprohibitive costs for mortgage loans, which may be driven by regulatory requirements, that limit consumers’ ability to qualifyloans;
increased personal income tax rates and/or more restrictive personal income tax deduction provisions, including for the deduction of mortgage financing to purchaseloan interest payments, real estate taxes and other homeownership-related expenses;
limited homebuyer interest in our product designs and/or community locations; and
lack of consumer interest in purchasing a home including increased minimum credit score requirements, credit risk/mortgage loan insurance premiums and/orcompared to other fees and required down payment amounts, more conservative appraisals of home values, lower loan-to-value ratios and extensive buyer income and asset documentation requirements. Additional headwinds may come from the efforts and proposals of lawmakers to reduce the debt of the federal government through tax increases and/or spending cuts, or the failure of lawmakers to timely agree on a budget or appropriation legislation to fund the operations of the federal government, and financial markets’ and businesses’ reactions to those efforts, proposals or failure, which could impair economic growth. Since these factors may persist or recur, wehousing alternatives.
We can provide no assurance that these factors, which are outside of our control, will not occur, persist for an extended period and/or worsen, or that the presentgenerally favorable housing recoverymarket conditions at present will continue for any length of time. Inclement weather, natural disasters (such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, droughts and fires), and other environmental conditions can delay the delivery of our homes and/or gain further momentum, whether overall or inincrease our served markets.costs. Civil unrest and acts of terrorism, and government responses to such acts, can also have a negative effect on our business.
If, on an overall basis or in our served markets, the presenteconomic or housing recovery stallsenvironment becomes more challenging; home sales or doesselling prices do not continue to advance at the same pace as in recent years or decline; or any or all of the negative factors or events described above occur, persist and/or worsen, particularly if there is limited economic growth or a decline, low growth or decreases in employment and consumer incomes, and/or continued tight mortgage lending standards and practices, there would likely be a corresponding adverse effect on our business and our consolidated financial statements, including, but not limited to, the number of homes we deliver, our average selling prices, the amount of revenues we generate, our housing gross profit margins and our ability to operate profitably, and the effect may be material. Even if the present housing recovery continues for an extended period, our and the homebuilding industry’s orders, homes delivered, revenues and profitability remain well below, and may not return to, the peak levels reached shortly before the housing downturn began.
Continued or additional tightening of mortgage lending standards and practices and/or mortgage financing requirements or volatility in financial, credit and consumer lending marketsinterest rate increases could adversely affect the availability or affordability of mortgage loans for potential purchasersbuyers of our homes and thereby reduce our net orders.
Since 2008, theMortgage lenders have stopped offering certain mortgage lendingloan products and mortgage finance industries have experienced significant instabilitysignificantly tightened their credit standards primarily due to among other things,the relatively high rates of delinquencies, defaults and foreclosures on mortgage loans and a corresponding declinefluctuations in their market value and the market value of securities backed by such loans although there has been some improvement in these areas amid a general lift induring the housing prices over the past two years. With the instability, a number of providers, purchasersdownturn, and insurers of mortgage loansregulatory rules and mortgage loan-backed securities have exited the market,enforcement actions (including sanctions, penalties and most mortgage loans are currently being originated under programs offered or supported by government agencies or government-sponsored enterprises — principally, the Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”), the Veterans Administration (“VA”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (also known as “Fannie Mae”), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (also known as “Freddie Mac”) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Compared to prior periods, these developments have led to reduced availability of mortgage loan products (particularly subprime and nonconforming loans), and tighter lending standards and practices for mortgage loans.fines). As a result, it is generally more difficult for some categories ofpotential borrowers to finance the purchase of homes, which is restraining the housing market’s recovery,a home, causing volatility in and elevating cancellation rates for us and other homebuilders, and reducing demand for homes, including our homes. If these factors continue, or if mortgage lending standards and practices further tighten, we expect thator mortgage lenders further curtail their product offerings, there wouldcould be a material adverse effect on our business and our consolidated financial statements, particularly sinceas we depend on third-partysuch lenders (including our preferred mortgage lender Nationstar)HCM) to provide mortgage loans that our buyers typically require to purchase our homebuyers.

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Further tightening ofhomes. Higher mortgage lending standards and practices and/or reduced credit availability for mortgagesloan interest rates, which may also result from the implementation of regulations underFederal Reserve deciding to increase the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”). Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act established several requirements (including risk retention obligations) relatingfederal funds rate and/or investors’ expectations as to the origination, securitizingFederal Reserve’s potential actions to influence interest rates, could also measurably reduce demand for our homes by increasing borrowers’ financing costs, and servicing of, and consumer disclosures for, mortgage loans. thereby have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In addition, U.S. and international banking regulators have proposed or enacted higher capital standards and requirements for financial institutions. These standards and requirements, as and when implemented, may further reduce the availability of and/or increase the costs to borrowers to obtain mortgage loans, including by reducing allowable debt-to-income ratios, imposing restrictions on mortgage origination fees and lowering maximum conforming mortgage loan amounts. Federalfederal regulators and lawmakers are also consideringhave considered steps that may significantly reduce the ability or authority of the FHA, Fannie MaeFederal Housing Administration (“FHA”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (also known as “Fannie Mae”) and Freddie MacFederal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (also known as “Freddie Mac”) to purchase or insure mortgage loans under their respective programs, including proposals to gradually wind down Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.programs. Further, since 2010, lenders and other mortgage banking services providers, brokers and other institutions, and their agents, have been under intense regulatory scrutiny and the targets of several civil actions by investors and government agencies regarding mortgage loan underwriting practices and/or representations made in connection with selling mortgage loans into private or Fannie Mae- or Freddie Mac-backed securitized pools. If such scrutiny and civil actions result in lenders and other mortgage banking services providers and brokers having to adjust their operations and/or pay significant amounts in damages or fines, they may further curtail or cease their mortgage loan origination activities due to reduced liquidity or to mitigate perceived risks.
Since 2012, the Federal Reserve has been purchasing billions of dollars of longer-term U.S. Treasury securities and mortgage loan-backed securities of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Government National Mortgage Association (or “Ginnie Mae,” which guarantees securities composed of FHA- and VA-qualified mortgage loans). It expects this asset purchase program to maintain downward pressure on longer-term interest rates, support mortgage markets and help make broader financial conditions more accommodative. However, in mid-2013, when the Federal Reserve Chairman announced that the program could be scaled back, or “tapered,” there was a measurable spike in mortgage loan interest rates and they have remained elevated compared to the first half of the year. If the Federal Reserve does taper or end its asset purchase program, and it announced in December 2013 a reduction in its monthly purchases from $85 billion to $75 billion, it is likely that mortgage loan interest rates will rise, subject to prevailing economic and financial market conditions. Even if the Federal Reserve’s asset purchase program does keep mortgage loan interest rates at relatively low levels, many potential homebuyers may still be unable to obtain mortgage loans to purchase homes, including our homes, if mortgage lending standards and practices remain tight or tighten further, or if lenders curtail or cease mortgage loan origination activity due to regulatory requirements and/or liquidity or risk concerns.
Interest rate increases or changes in federal lending programs or regulations could lower demand for our homes.
Nearly all of our customers finance the purchase of their homes. Before the housing downturn began, historically low interest rates and the increased availability of specialized mortgage loan products, including products requiring no or low down payments, and interest-only and adjustable-rate mortgage loans, made purchasing a home more affordable for a number of customers and more available to customers with lower credit scores. Increases in interest rates and/or decreases in the availability of mortgage financing or of certain mortgage loan products or programs may lead to fewer mortgage loans being provided, higher credit risk/mortgage loan insurance premiums and/or other fees, increased down payment and extensive buyer income and asset documentation requirements, or a combination of the foregoing, and, as a result, reduce demand for our homes and increase our cancellation rates.
Due to the volatility and uncertainty in the credit markets and in the mortgage lending and mortgage finance industries since 2008, the federal government has taken on a significant role in supporting mortgage lending through its conservatorship of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and its insurance of mortgage loans through the FHA and the VA. FHA backing of mortgage loans has been particularly important to the mortgage finance industry and to our business. The availability and affordability of mortgage loans, including interest rates for such loans, could be adversely affected by a scaling back or termination of the federal government’s mortgage loan-related programs or policies. The FHA, for instance, increased its annual mortgage insurance premiums in 2013 and, among other actions, extended the period that such premiums are charged to borrowers, increased down payment requirements and raised its standards on the loans it will insure in order to address a significant cash reserve deficit (relative to its projected losses from delinquent loans). In addition, federal regulators significantly lowered the FHA’s maximum single-family forward mortgage loan limits in 650 “high-cost” counties effective January 1, 2014, including counties in California and in other of our served markets. These steps, whether individually or collectively, could prevent some homebuyers from qualifying for mortgage loans to purchase homes, including our homes. In addition, given growing federal budget deficits, the U.S. Treasury may not be able to continue, or may be required by future legislation or regulation to cease, supporting the mortgage loan-related activities of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, the FHA and the VAVeterans Administration (“VA”) at present levels.
The availability and affordability of mortgage loans, including interest rates or the costs for such loans, could be significantly diminished by a scaling back, tightening or termination of the federal government’s mortgage loan-related programs. Because Fannie Mae-, Freddie Mac-, FHA- and VA-backed mortgage loans have been a critical source of liquidity for the mortgage finance industry and an important factor in marketing and selling many of our homes, any limitations or restrictions inon the availability of, or higher consumer costs for, such government-backed financing could reduce our net orders particularly in our coastal submarkets in California, and adversely affect our business and consolidated financial statements, and the effect could be material. Given the above and other factors, we can provide no assurance as to mortgage lenders’ (including HCM’s) ability or willingness to provide mortgage loans and other mortgage banking services to our homebuyers in future periods or as to their performance in doing so.

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The mortgage banking operations of ContentsHCM are heavily regulated and subject to rules and regulations promulgated by a number of governmental and quasi-governmental agencies. If Nationstar, which provides management oversight of HCM’s operations, decides to end, or we decide to terminate, our relationship with respect to HCM or otherwise, or there is a finding that Nationstar or HCM materially violated any applicable rules or regulations and as a result is restricted from or unable to originate mortgage loans, our customers may experience significant mortgage loan funding issues, which could lower our net orders and revenues, and, in turn, have a material adverse impact on our business and our consolidated financial statements. In addition, while substantially all of the mortgage loans originated by HCM are sold within a short period of time in the secondary mortgage market on a servicing released, non-recourse basis, HCM remains potentially responsible for certain limited representations and warranties it makes in connection with such mortgage loan sales. Mortgage investors, including the FHA, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, could seek to have HCM buy back mortgage loans or compensate them for losses incurred on mortgage loans HCM has sold based on claims that it breached its limited representations or warranties. HCM has established reserves for potential losses. However, there can be no assurance that HCM will not have significant liabilities with respect to such claims in the future, which could exceed its reserves, or that the impact of such claims will not be material to HCM’s financial condition or ability to operate, or cause us to recognize losses with respect to our equity interest in HCM, or cause our customers to seek mortgage loans from other lenders and/or experience mortgage loan funding issues that could delay our delivering homes to them and/or cause them to cancel their home purchase contracts with us.

Third-party lenders may not complete mortgage loan originations for our homebuyers in a timely manner or at all, which can lead to cancellations and a lower backlog of orders, or to significant delays in our delivering homes and recognizing revenues from those homes.
Our homebuyersbuyers may obtain mortgage financing for their home purchases from any lender or other provider of their choice.choice, including HCM. If, due to credit or consumer lending market conditions, reduced liquidity, increased risk retention or minimum capital level obligations and/or regulatory restrictions related to the Dodd-Frank Act or other laws,requirements, or other factors or business decisions, these lenders refuse or are unable to provide mortgage loans to our homebuyers,buyers, the number of homes we deliver, our business and our consolidated financial statements may be materially and adversely affected. For instance, tight
Based on the number of homes we delivered in 2015, approximately 61% of our buyers who obtained mortgage lending standards and practices forfinancing used HCM to finance the purchase of their home. Although we expect an increasing percentage of our homebuyers will choose to use HCM, many of our homebuyers will continue to seek mortgage loans have in recent periods ledfrom other lenders and be subject to significant delays in our delivering homes and/or have caused some potential homebuyersthose lenders’ ability to cancel their home purchase contracts with us.perform. We can provide no assurance that these tight mortgage lending conditions will relaxas to other lenders’ ability or reverse in the foreseeable future.
In addition, as we were transitioning to Nationstar as our preferred mortgage lender in the first half of 2012, we experienced significant disruptions to our business due to the inability or unwillingness of several independent third-party lenderswillingness to complete, in a timely fashion or at all, the mortgage loan originations they had startedstart for our homebuyers. Nationstar began accepting new mortgage loan applications from our homebuyers on May 1, 2012, and compared to other lenders has been providing more consistent execution and completion of mortgage loan originations for our homebuyers who choose to use Nationstar. Based on the number of homes deliveredSuch inability or unwillingness may result in 2013, approximately 59% of our homebuyers used Nationstar to finance the purchase of their home. In January 2013, we entered into an agreement with Nationstar to form Home Community Mortgage, a mortgage banking company that will offer an array of mortgage banking services to our homebuyers. Nationstar will provide management oversight of Home Community Mortgage’s operations, which are expected to begin in the first quarter of 2014. Although we expect an increasing percentage of our homebuyers will choose to use Nationstar/Home Community Mortgage, many of our homebuyers will continue to seek mortgage loans from other lenders and potentially be subject to the performance of such lenders, as well as the general mortgage financing industry issues described above. In addition, we can provide no assurance as to Nationstar’s ability or willingness, as our preferred mortgage provider or as the manager of Home Community Mortgage, to provide mortgage loans and other mortgage banking services to our homebuyers in future periods (whether due to the factors discussed above or otherwise), or as to its performance in doing so. Furthermore, the mortgage banking operations of Home Community Mortgage will be heavily regulated and subject to the rules and regulations promulgated by a number of governmental and quasi-governmental agencies. If Nationstar’s performance declines or Nationstar decides to end, or we decide to terminate, our relationship, or there is a finding that Home Community Mortgage materially violated any applicable rules or regulations and as a result is restricted from or unable to originate mortgage loans, we may experience mortgage loan funding issues similar to those we encounteredthat slow deliveries of our homes and/or cause cancellations, which in 2012, whicheach case would likely have a material adverse impacteffect on our business and our consolidated financial statements. In addition, recent changes to mortgage loan disclosure requirements to consumers may potentially delay lenders’ (including HCM’s) completion of the mortgage loan funding process for borrowers and, therefore, extend the delivery of homes to our buyers beyond the time anticipated.
Our current strategies may not generate improved financial and operational performance, and the continued implementation of these and other strategies may not be successful.
We believe our strategic actions during the housing downturn strengthened our overall business and that our current strategies and initiatives will enable us to continue to profitably grow our business in 2014.2016. However, our strategies,strategic and operational actions, including, but not limited to, our strategic growth initiatives intended to improve our profitability and increase our revenues, such as our significant investments in land and land development, our plans to open more new home communities,expand our ongoing repositioning of our homebuilding activities and investments toward higher-performing, desirable locations in land constrained growth markets, and our efforts to optimize our sales pace at our new home communities,community count, may prove to be unsuitable for some or all of our served markets. We can provide no guarantee that theseour strategies, initiatives or actions will be successfully or productively implemented or, even if they are implemented as designed,successful, that they will generate growth andor earnings or returns at any level or within any time frame, or that we will achieve in 20142016 or beyond positive operational or financial results or results in any particular metric or measure equal to or better than our 20132015 performance, or perform in any period as well as other homebuilders. In particular, our strategic effort to activate certain inventory that was previously held for future development may not generate positive results as many of these assets are generally located in submarkets that have only recently begun to stabilize. In addition, although we believe our new home communities and products will appeal to our primary customer base, we can provide no assurance that our new home community locations and product designsproducts (or any refining of those designs)our products) will successfully attract consumers, command selling prices, or generate orders, and revenues and/or housing gross profit margins at the levels we have experienced in the past or anticipate in future periods, at levels sufficient for us to be profitable or at levels higher than other homebuilders. We also cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to maintain these strategies, initiatives or actions in 20142016 and, due to unexpectedly favorable or unfavorable market conditions or other factors, we may determine that we need to adjust, refine or abandon all or portions of these strategies, initiatives or actions, although we cannot guarantee that any such changes will be successful. For instance, with the heightened land acquisition and development activities of homebuilders and other developers since 2012, there are significantly fewer well-located developable land parcels available at reasonable prices in several of our submarkets, making our land acquisition and development strategies more challenging to implement successfully, and we may not be able to achieve our land-related investment and community count growth goals. The failure of any one or more of our present strategies, initiatives or actions, or the failure of any adjustments or alternative strategies, initiatives or actions that we may pursue or implement, to be successful

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will would likely have an adverse effect on our ability to grow and increase the value and profitability of our business, to meet our debt service and other obligations necessary to operate our business in the ordinary course, and on our consolidated financial statements, as well as on our overall liquidity, and the effect in each case could be material.

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The success of our present strategies, growth initiatives and our long-term performance depends on the availability of finished and partially finished lots and undevelopeddevelopable land that meetmeets our investment return and marketing standards.
The availability of developable land, particularly finished and partially finished lots, and undeveloped land that meetmeets our investment return and marketing standards depends on a number of factors outside of our control, including, among other things, land availability in general, geographical/topographical constraints, land sellers’ business relationships, with other homebuilders, developers or investors, climate conditions, competition with other homebuilders and land buyers for desirable property, financial and credit market conditions, legal or government agency or utility service company processes, inflation in land prices, zoning, allowable housing density, our ability and the costs to obtain building permits the amount of environmental impact fees, real estate tax rates and other regulatory requirements.approvals and prevailing conditions in the marketplace for land. Should suitable lots or land become less available, which is increasingly the case, the number of homes that we may be able to build and sell could be reduced, andreduced. In addition, the cost of attractive land could continue to increase perhaps substantially, which couldand adversely impact our consolidated financial statements including, but not limited to, our housing gross profit margins, our consolidated financial statements and our ability to maintain ownership or control of a sufficient supply of developed or developable land inventory.to meet our production goals. The availability of suitable land could also affect the success of our current strategies and growth initiatives, andinitiatives. Further, if we decide to reduce our land acquisition activity in 20142016 below our current plans due to a lack of available assets that meet our standards, our ability to increase our community count, to maintain or grow our revenues and housing gross profit margins,profits and to maintain or increase our profitability in 2016 and beyond, would likely be constrained and could have a material adverse effect on our business and consolidated financial statements.
The value of the land and housing inventory we own or control may fall significantly.
The value of the land and housing inventory we currently own or control depends on market conditions, including estimates of future demand for, and the revenues that can be generated from, this inventory. The market value of our inventory can vary considerably because there is often a significant amount of time between our acquiring control or taking ownership of land and the delivery of homes on that land. The negative conditions of the housing downturn, which generally depressed home sales and selling prices, caused the fair value of certain of our owned land, particularly undeveloped and/or controlled inventory to fall, in some cases well below the estimated fair value at the time we acquired ownership or control. Even with the improved housing market conditions we saw in 2013, local submarket-specific or other factors could lead to a decrease in the fair value of certain of our inventory in 2014 whether or not the present housing recovery progresses.unentitled land. Based on our periodic assessments of our inventory for recoverability, during the housing downturn, we wrotehave from time to time written down the carrying value of certain of our inventory to its estimated fair value, including inventory that we had previously written down, andvalue. We have also recorded corresponding charges against our earnings to reflect the impaired value. We also recorded charges in connection with activating or selling certain land held for future development and with abandoning our interests in certain land controlled under land option contracts and other similar contracts that no longer met our investment return or marketing standards. In 2013, we recorded $.4 million of inventory impairment charges and $3.2 million of land option contract abandonment charges. However, ifIf, in 20142016, the present economic or housing recovery slows or reverses, orenvironment weakens, if particular markets or submarkets experience challenging or unfavorable changes in prevailing business conditions, or if we elect to revise our marketing strategy relating to certain land positions, we may need to takerecord additional charges against our earnings for inventory impairments or land option contract abandonments, or both, or in connection with land sales to reflect changes in fair value of land or land interests in our inventory, including assets we have previously written down. Any such charges could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements, including our ability to maintain or increase our profitability.
Our business is cyclical and is significantly affected by changes in general and local economic conditions.
Our operations and consolidated financial statements can be substantially affected by adverse changes in general economic or business conditions that are outside of our control, including changes in, among other factors:
short- and long-term interest rates;
employment levels and job and personal income growth;
housing demand from population growth, household formation and other demographic changes;
availability and pricing of mortgage financing for homebuyers;
consumer confidence generally and the confidence of potential homebuyers in particular;
U.S. and global financial system and credit market stability;
private party and government mortgage loan programs (including changes in FHA, Fannie Mae- and Freddie Mac-conforming mortgage loan limits, credit risk/mortgage loan insurance premiums and/or other fees, down payment

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requirements and underwriting standards), and federal and state regulation, oversight and legal action regarding lending, home value appraisal, foreclosure and short sale practices;
federal and state personal income tax rates and provisions, including provisions for the deduction of mortgage loan interest payments, real estate taxes and other expenses;
supply of and prices for available new or resale homes (including lender-owned homes) and other housing alternatives, such as apartments, single-family rentals and other rental housing;
homebuyer interest in our current or new product designs and new home community locations, and general consumer interest in purchasing a home compared to choosing other housing alternatives; and
real estate taxes.
Adverse changes in these conditions may affect our business nationally or may be more prevalent or concentrated in particular markets or submarkets in which we operate.
Inclement weather, natural disasters (such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, droughts and fires), and other environmental conditions can delay the delivery of our homes and/or increase our costs. Civil unrest or acts of terrorism can also have a negative effect on our business.
The potential difficulties described above can cause demand and prices for our homes to fall or cause us to take longer and incur more costs to develop land and build our homes. We may not be able to recover these increased costs by raising prices because of market conditions and because the price of each home we sell is usually set several months before the home is delivered, as our customers typically sign their home purchase contracts before home construction begins. The potential difficulties could also lead some homebuyers to cancel or refuse to honor their home purchase contracts altogether. Reflecting the difficult conditions in our served markets during the housing downturn, we have experienced volatility in our net orders and cancellation rates in recent years, and if the present housing recovery slows or reverses, we may experience similar or increased volatility in 2014. If we do, there could be a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.
Home selling prices and sales activity in the particular markets and regions in which we do business materially affect our consolidated financial statements because our business is concentrated in these markets.
Home sales activity and selling prices and sales activity in some of our key served markets have declinedvaried from time to time for market-specific and other reasons, including adverse weather, high levels of foreclosures, short sales and sales of lender-owned homes, and lack of affordability or economic contraction due to, among other things, the departure or decline of key industries, higher-wage jobs and employers that could effectively price potential homebuyers out of purchasing homes, including our homes. If home sales activity or selling prices or sales activity decline in one or more of our key served markets, including California, Florida, Nevada or Texas, our costs may not decline at all or at the same rate and, as a result, our consolidated financial statements may be materially and adversely affected. Adverse conditions in California would have a particularly material effect on our consolidated financial statements as our average selling price in the state is higher than our average selling prices in the states within our other homebuilding reporting segments;segments, a large percentage of our housing revenues is generated from California;California, and a significant proportion of our investments in land and land development since late 2009 washave been made, and in 2014 is2016 are expected to be made, in that state.
In recent years, California’smany state, government and many of its regional and local governments in our served markets have struggled to balance their budgets due to a number of factors, although the state’s budget outlook for its current fiscal year has improved slightly.  These include lower tax revenues; higher debt service, public employee pension and social welfare obligations; lower federal government support; and, for regional and local governments and redevelopment agencies, various reductions, eliminations or reversals of state government support.factors.  As a result, there have been and lawmakers have proposed making additional, significant cuts to government departments, subsidies, programs and public employee staffing levels, andwhile taxes and fees have been raised, and lawmakers have proposed additional tax and fee increases, in an effort to balance governmental budgets.  A few municipalities have declared bankruptcy, and others are reportedly considering such a step. California lawmakers’increased.  Lawmakers’ efforts at all governmental levels to address ongoing and/or projectedthese budget deficits through spending cutsdeficit issues and/or efforts to increase governmental revenues, could, among other things, cause businesses and residents to leave, the state, or discourage businesses or households from coming to, the state, which would limitaffected served markets, thereby limiting economic growth; causegrowth and/or resulting in significant delays and/or higher costs in obtaining required inspections, permits or approvals with respect to residentialthe development atof our new home communities located in the state, which we encountered in 2013, or result in higher costs for such permits or approvals; and could delay or prevent the release or repayment by applicable municipalities and other government agencies of performance bonds, letters of credit and/or similar deposits we have made in connection with our residential development activities.markets.  These negative impacts could adversely affect our ability to generate net orders and revenues and/or to maintain or increase our housing gross profit margins from our California operations,in such markets, and the impact could be material and adverse to our consolidated financial statements.

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Negative environmental impacts from, and legal and regulatory requirements in response to, severe and prolonged drought conditions in Arizona, California and Nevada could adversely affect our business and results of Contentsoperations in those regions and our consolidated financial statements.
Certain areas in which we operate, particularly parts of Arizona, California and Nevada, are experiencing extreme or exceptional drought conditions. In response to these conditions and concerns that they may continue for an extended period of time or worsen, government officials have taken, or have proposed taking, a number of steps to preserve potable water supplies. For instance, in 2015, California declared a state of emergency and mandated that local water agencies and other water suppliers achieve specific reductions in potable urban water use through at least February 28, 2016. The state also prohibited irrigation with potable water outside certain newly constructed homes and buildings with landscape areas larger than 2,500 square feet.

To address the state’s mandate and their own available potable water supplies, local water agencies/suppliers could potentially restrict, delay the issuance of, or proscribe new water connection permits for homes or businesses; increase the costs for securing such permits, either directly or by requiring participation in impact mitigation programs; adopt higher efficiency requirements for water-using appliances or fixtures; limit or ban the use of water for construction activities; impose requirements as to the types of allowed plant material or irrigation for outdoor landscaping that are more strict than state standards and less desired by consumers; and/or impose fines and penalties for noncompliance with any such measures. These local water agencies/suppliers could also increase rates and charges to residential users for the water they use, potentially increasing the cost of homeownership. We can offer no assurance whether, where and the extent to which these or additional conservation measures might be imposed by local water agencies/suppliers in California or by other federal, state or local lawmakers or regulators in Arizona, California and Nevada. However, if potable water supplies become further constrained due to persistent drought conditions, tighter conservation requirements may be imposed that could limit, impair or delay our ability to acquire and develop land, and/or build and deliver homes (even if we have obtained water connection permits); increase our production costs; or cause the fair value of affected land or land interests in our inventory to decline, which could result in inventory impairment or land option contract abandonment charges, or both; or negatively affect the economies of, or diminish consumer interest in living in, water-constrained areas. These impacts, individually or collectively, could adversely affect our business and consolidated financial statements, and the effect could be material.
Supply shortages and other risks related to demand for building materials and/or skilled trade laborconstruction resources could increase our costs and delay our deliveries.
As discussed above under “Item 1. Business — Competition, Seasonality, Delivery Mix and Other Factors,” there is a high level of competition in the homebuilding industry and the housing market for skilled trade labor and building materials that can, among other things, cause increases in land development and home construction costs, and development and construction delays. Also, in 2013, a smaller pool of skilled trade labor due to the housing downturn led to shortages in some markets that experienced increased residential construction activity, and such shortages could recur in 2014 if and as the present housing recovery progresses. Shortages or upward price fluctuations in lumber, drywall, concrete and other building materials, and labor,construction services, whether due to a small supplier baseindependent subcontractor or outside supplier capacity constraints, increasedheavy residential construction activity, international demand,competition with other homebuilders or construction firms, the occurrence of or rebuilding after natural disasters or other reasons, can also have an adverse effect on our business.business by increasing our production costs and/or extending our production schedules. We generally are unable to pass on increases in land development and home construction costs to homebuyers who have already entered into home purchase contracts, as the purchase contracts generally fix the price of the home at the time the contract is signed, and may be signed well in advance of when home construction commences. We also may not be able to raise our selling prices to cover such cost increases in land development and home construction costsor delays because of market conditions, including competition for homebuyers withfrom other homebuilders and resale homes. Sustained increases in land development and home constructionour production costs due to higher skilled trade labor rates or elevated lumber, drywall, concrete and other building materialsconstruction resource prices and/or our limited ability to successfully contain these costs may, among other things, decrease our housing gross profit margins, while construction resource shortages of skilled trade labor or building materials due to competition or other factors may delay deliveries of our homes to buyers and our recognition of revenues. As a result, these negative items, individually or together, cancould have a material and adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Inflation may adversely affect us by increasing costs that we may not be able to recover, particularly if our home selling prices decrease, and the impact on our performance and our consolidated financial statements could be material.
Inflation can have an adverse impact on our business and consolidated financial statements because increasing production costs for land, skilled trade labor or building materials could require us to increase our home selling prices in an effort to maintain satisfactory housing gross profit margins. In 2010 and 2011, worldwide demand for certain commodities and monetary policy actions led to price increases and price volatility for raw materials that are used in land development and home construction, including lumber and metals. Additionally, increased residential construction activity in 2012 and 2013 in combination with a relatively small supplier base further boosted prices and pricing volatility for lumber, drywall, concrete and other raw materials, and these trends are expected to continue, and possibly intensify, in 2014 if and as the present housing recovery progresses. These pricing trends, taken together with U.S. and international central bank and governmental policies and programs designed to boost economic growth, may lead to a general increase in inflation. However, we may not be able to increase our home selling prices to cover cost inflation in production costs due to market conditions, and we may need to hold or reduce our selling prices, or offer sales incentives or discounts, in order to compete for home sales. If determined necessary, our lowering of home selling prices and/or using sales incentives or discounts, in addition to impacting our housing gross profit margins, may also reduce the value of our land inventory, including the assets we have purchased in recent years, and make it more difficult for us to fully recover the costs of our land and any related landcommunity development through our home selling prices or, if we choose, through land sales. In addition, depressed land values may cause us to abandon and forfeit deposits on land option contracts and other similar contracts if we cannot satisfactorily renegotiate the purchase price of the subject land. We may incurrecord charges against our earnings for inventory impairments if the value of our owned inventory, including land we decide to sell, is reduced, or for land option contract abandonments if we choose not to exercise land option contracts or other similar contracts, and these charges may be substantial, as we experienced in certain periods during the housing downturn.substantial. Inflation may also increase interest rates for mortgage loans and thereby reduce demand for our homes and lead to lower revenues, as well as increase the interest rates we may need to accept to obtain external financing.financing for our business operations.

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Reduced home sales may impair our ability to recoup development costs or force us to absorb additional costs.
We incur many costs before we begin to build homes in a community. Depending on the stage of development a land parcel is in when acquired, we may incur expenditures for developing land into a community, such costs may include costs of preparing land,as entitling and finishing and entitling lots and installing roads, sewers, water systems and other utilities; taxes and other costslevies related to ownership of the land on which we plan to build homes;land; constructing model homes; and promotional marketing and overhead expenses to prepare for the opening of a new homethe community for home sales. In addition,Moreover, local municipalities may impose various and sometimes unanticipated development-related requirements resulting in additional costs.costs or delays. If the rate at which we sell and deliver homes slows or falls, or if we delay theour opening of new home communities for home sales is delayed due to adjustments in our marketing strategy, protracted governmental approval processes or utility service activations, or other reasons, each of which has occurred throughout the housing downturn and in 2012 and 2013, we may incur additional costs, which would adversely affect our housing gross profit margins, and it will take a longer period of time for us to recover our costs, including the costs we incurred in acquiring and developing land in recent years. Furthermore, if the present housing recovery slows or reverses in 2014, wecosts. We may also decide to abandon certain land option contracts and other similar contracts, and sell certain land at a loss, and the costs of doing so and any related charges recorded against our earnings may be adverse and material to our consolidated financial statements.

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Some homebuyers may cancel their home purchases because the required deposits are small and sometimes refundable.An increase in our cancellation rates could negatively impact our business.
Our backlog at a given point in time reflects the number of homes under a home purchase contract that have not yet been delivered to a homebuyer.buyer. Our home purchase contracts typicallywith our customers require only a relatively small deposit at the time of signing and, in some cases, when design studio options or upgrades are selected. The deposit(s) required vary among markets and communities. Generally, we have the right to retain deposits from customers that cancel their purchase contract. However, we generally permit our customers to cancel their obligations and obtain refunds of all or a portion of which is refundable priortheir deposits if they cannot obtain a mortgage loan within a certain period of time, and we may choose to closing. Ifprovide full or partial refunds in other cases. As a result, if home prices decline, the pricesavailability of mortgage financing diminishes or interest rates increase, customers may cancel their existing home purchase contracts with us because they are unable to finalize a mortgage loan for the purchase. In addition, if new homes decline,home competitors increase their use of sales incentives, lenders and others increase their efforts to sell resale homes skilled trade laborthrough incentives or building materials shortages delayprice cuts, our home construction cycle times mortgage loan interest rates increase, the availability of mortgage financing further diminishesare delayed, or there is continued weakness or a downturn in local or regional economies or the national economy andand/or in consumer confidence, customers may cancel, or propose to cancel, their existing home purchase contracts with us because they have been unable to finalize their mortgage financing for the purchase, they desire to move into a home earlier than we can deliver it, or in order to attempt to negotiate for a lower selling price or explore other options, or for other reasons they are otherwise unable or unwilling to complete the purchase. In recent years, we have experienced volatile cancellation rates, in part due to these reasons and in part due to the mortgage loan funding issues arising from the 2012 transition of our preferred mortgage lending relationship. To the extent they continue, volatileVolatile cancellation rates resulting from these conditions, or otherwise, may reduce the rate at which we sell and deliver homes and could have a material adverse effect on our business and our consolidated financial statements.
Tax law changes could make home ownership more expensive or less attractive.
Under current tax law, and policy, significant expenses of owning a home, including mortgage loan interest costs and real estate taxes, generally are deductible expenses for the purpose of calculating an individual’s or household’s federal, and in some cases state, taxable income subject to various limitations. For instance, under the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 signed into law in January 2013, the federal government enacted higher income tax rates and limits on the value of tax deductions for certain high-income individuals and households. If the federal government or a state government changes or further changes its income tax laws as some lawmakers have proposed, by eliminating, limiting or substantially reducing these income tax benefits, the after-tax cost of owning a home could increase substantially. Any additional increases in personal income tax rates and/or additional tax deduction limits or restrictions enacted at the federal or state levels could adversely impact demand for and/or selling prices of new homes, including our homes, and the effect on our consolidated financial statements could be adverse and material.
We are subject to substantial legal and regulatory requirements regarding the development of land, the homebuilding process and the protection of the environment, which can cause us to suffer production delays and incur costs associated with compliance, and which canand/or prohibit or restrict homebuilding activity in some regions or areas. Our business is also subject to a number of local, state and federal laws, statutes, ordinances, rules, policies and other legal and regulatory requirements. The impact of such requirements or our failure to comply with such requirements, individually or collectively, could be adverse and material to the implementation of our strategic growth initiatives and our consolidated financial statements.
Our homebuilding business is heavily regulated and subject to a significant amount of local, state and federal regulation concerning zoning, allowable housing density, natural and other resource protection, building designs, landland/community development and home construction methods, worksite safety and similar matters, as well as governmental taxes, fees and levies on the acquisition and development of land parcels.land. These regulations often provide broad discretion to government authorities that oversee these matters, which can result in unanticipated delays, adjustments in the allowable scope, size or characteristics, and/or increases in the cost of a specified development project or a number of projects in particular markets. We may also experience delays due to a building permit moratorium or regulatory restrictions in any of the locations in which we operate, which can, among other things, affect the balance of land held for future development in our inventory. Further, there is no assurance that these governmental regulations, or other laws, statutes, ordinances, rules and policies applicable to our business, will not be interpreted or revised in ways that will require us to change our strategies or operations, incur significant compliance costs or

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record charges against our earnings, and/or restrict the manner in which we conduct our activities, and any such actions or events, and associated costs and charges, could adversely and materially affect our consolidated financial statements.
In addition, we are subject to a variety of local, state and federal laws, statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning the environment, including requirements to manage and/or mitigate storm water runoff, dust particles and other environmental impacts of our land development and home constructionproduction activities at our new home communities. As discussed below with respect to potential climate change impacts, theseThese laws, statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations, and/or evolving interpretations thereof, may cause production delays, in our land development and in our construction and delivery of homes, may cause us to incur substantial compliance, litigation and other costs, and can prohibit or restrict homebuilding activity in certain regions or areas.
As discussed above under “Item 1. Business —areas, any of which could also reduce the fair value of affected inventory and require us to record significant impairment charges against our earnings. Environmental Compliance Matters,” environmental laws may also impose liability for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances whether or not the developer or owner of the property knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of those substances. The actual or potential presence of those substances on or nearby our properties may prevent us from selling our homes and we may also be liable, under applicable laws and regulations or lawsuits brought by private parties, for hazardous or toxic substances on land that we have sold in the past.
Further, a significant portion of our business is conducted in California, one of the most highly regulated and litigious states in the country. Therefore, our potential exposure to losses and expenses due to new laws, regulations or litigation may be greater than other homebuilders with a less significant California presence.

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TableWe have experienced, and may in the future experience, legal claims from government and private parties, regulatory investigations and/or proceedings, and significant unfavorable litigation, administrative and arbitral outcomes resulting in losses (including monetary damages awards or other direct or indirect payments to or for the benefit of Contentsgovernment or private parties), penalties, fines, injunctions establishing restrictions or adjustments to our business practices, expenses and charges recorded against our earnings (as well as losses, penalties, fines, voluntary injunctions/consent decrees, expenses and charges associated with settlements of any such claims, investigations and proceedings) with respect to our operations in California and those in our other reporting segments. Any such losses, penalties, fines, injunctions, expenses and charges could be beyond our expectations and/or accruals at particular points in time and be material to our business and consolidated financial statements. Unfavorable litigation, administrative or arbitral outcomes may also generate negative publicity in various media outlets that could be detrimental to our reputation and adversely affect our efforts to sell homes.

The homebuilding industry and housing market are very competitive, and competitive conditions could adversely affect our business or our consolidated financial statements.
As discussed above under “Item 1. Business — Competition, Seasonality, Delivery Mix and Other Factors,” weWe face significant competition in several areas of our business from other homebuilders and participants in the overall housing industry.industry, including landlords and other rental housing operators. These competitive conditions can result in:
our delivering fewer homes;
our selling homes at lower prices;
our offering or increasing sales incentives, discounts or price concessionsreductions for our homes;
our experiencing lower housing gross profit margins, particularly if we cannot raise our selling prices to cover increased land acquisition, andland/community development, home constructionproduction or overhead costs;costs or inflation;
our selling fewer homes or experiencing a higher number of cancellations by homebuyers;buyers;
impairments in the value of our inventory and other assets;
difficulty in acquiring desirable land that meets our investment return or marketing standards, and in selling our interests in land that no longer meet such standards on favorable terms;terms, or at all;
difficulty in our acquiring raw materials and skilled management and trade laborobtaining construction resources at acceptable prices;
delays in the development of land and/or the construction of our homes;production schedules; and/or
difficulty in securing external financing, performance bonds or letterletters of credit facilitiesfor our business operations on favorable terms.
These competitive conditions may have a material adverse effect on our business and consolidated financial statements by decreasing our revenues, impairing our ability to successfully implement our current strategies, initiatives or actions, increasing our costs and/or diminishing growth in our local or regional homebuilding businesses. During the housing downturn in particular, actions taken by our new home and housing alternative competitors reduced the effectiveness of our efforts to achieve stability or increases in home selling prices, to generate higher deliveries of homes, revenues and housing gross profit margins, and to maintain

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or increase our profitability. We cannot provide any assurance that such conditions and their negative impacts will not occur in 2016 or beyond.
Homebuilding is subject to warranty and liability claims in the ordinary course of business that can be significant.
In the ordinary course of our homebuilding business, we are subject to home warranty and construction defect claims. We record warranty and other liabilities for the homes we deliver based primarily on historical experience in our served markets and our judgment of the risks associated with the types of homes we build. As further described in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, we maintain, and require the majority of our independent subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance (including construction defect and bodily injury coverage) and workers’ compensation insurance. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of our risk of loss from claims related to our homebuilding activities, subject to certain self-insured retentions, deductibles and other coverage limits.limits. We self-insure a portion of our overall risk through the use of a captive insurance subsidiary. We also maintain certain other insurance policies. In Arizona, California, Colorado and Nevada,addition, if we discover improper construction practices or the installation of defective materials in our subcontractors’ general liability insurance primarily takes the form of a wrap-up policy, where eligible subcontractors are enrolled as insureds on each project. Enrolled subcontractors contribute toward the costhomes, we will pursue recoveries of the insurancerelated repair and agree to pay a contractual amount in the future in the event of a claim related toother costs we incur from potentially responsible parties and/or their work. For those enrolled subcontractors, we absorb their general liability associated with the work performed onor our homes within the applicable projects as part of our overall general liability insurance and our self-insurance through our captive insurance subsidiary. insurers.
Because of the uncertainties inherent to these matters, we cannot provide any assurance that our various insurance arrangements, recorded warranty and ourother liabilities willand efforts to recover related repair and other costs may not be adequate to address all of our expenditures associated with home warranty and construction defect claims in the future, or thatand any potentialsuch inadequacies will notcould have an adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements. Additionally, the coverage offered by and the availability of general liability insurance for construction defects are currently limited and costly. There can be no assurancecostly, and, in our case, have relatively high self-insured retentions that limit coverage will notsignificantly. Coverage could be further restricted in future periods, increasing our risks and financial exposure to claims, and/or become more costly and to a material degree.
We engage subcontractors to perform the actual construction of our homes, and in many cases, to obtain the necessary building materials. Our contracts with our subcontractors require that they comply with all laws applicable to their work, including labor laws, meet performance standards, and follow local building codes and permits. However, we may encounter improper construction practices or the installation of defective materials in our homes, among other things. When we discover these issues, we will evaluate and if necessary, repair the homes in accordance with our new home limited Home warranty and as required by law. For instance,construction defect issues may also generate negative publicity in various media outlets that could be detrimental to our reputation and adversely affect our efforts to sell homes.

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in late 2012 and during 2013, we undertook a significant effort to repair homes in certain of our communities in central and southwest Florida affected by various problems that resulted in water intrusion-related issues. The adverse costs of satisfying our warranty and other legal obligations in these instances may be significant and we may need to record charges to reflect an increased overall warranty liability, as has been the case with our repair efforts in central and southwest Florida. Although we will pursue recoveries from potentially responsible parties, we may be unable to recover the costs of warranty-related repairs from subcontractors, suppliers or insurers, which could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. We can provide no assurance that in 20142016 we will not face more warranty-relatedadditional home warranty and construction defect claims and/or incur higher costs to satisfyadditional related repair orand other obligations related to our new home limited warranty and customer service activities,costs, or not need to record charges against our earnings to adjust our overall warranty liability, or experience negative publicity/reputational harm or be successful in obtaining any recoveries for warranty-related of related repair and other costs we incur from responsible parties., and that any of these items — if they occur, or with respect to recoveries of related repair and other costs, fail to occur — could, individually or collectively, have a material and adverse impact on our business and consolidated financial statements.
Because of the seasonal nature of our business, our quarterly operating results fluctuate.
As discussed above under “Item 1. Business — Competition,in the “Competition, Seasonality, Delivery Mix and Other Factors,”Factors” section in this report, we have experiencedexperience seasonal fluctuations in our quarterly operating results that can have a material impact on our results and our consolidated financial statements. Historically, a significant percentage of our home purchase contracts are entered into in the spring and early summer months, and we deliver a corresponding significant percentage of our homes in the late summer and fall months. As a result, we historically have experienced uneven quarterly results, with generally fewer homes delivered and lower revenues and operating income generally during the first and second quarters of our fiscal year. We currentlyThough we expect to experience the traditional seasonality cycle and its impactimpacts on our results as the present housing recovery progresses, but we can makeprovide no assurancesassurance as to the degree to which oursuch historical seasonal patterns will occur in 20142016 and beyond, if at all.
We may have difficulty in continuing to obtain additional financing and/or may be restricted in accessing external capital, and to the extent we can access external capital,financing, it may increase our costs of capital or result in stockholder dilution.
Our homebuilding operations and our present strategies require significant amounts of cash and/or the availability of external financing. We have historically funded our homebuilding and financial services activitiesoperations with internally generated cash flows, public equity and external sources of debt issuances (including common stock, senior notes and equity financing. However, during the housing downturn, we relied primarily on the positive operating cash flow we generated, principally through the receipt of federal income tax refunds,convertible senior notes), land option contracts and from homeother similar contracts and land salesseller financing, and our efforts to reduce our overhead costs, to meet our working capital needsperformance bonds and to repay outstanding indebtedness.letters of credit. In recent years, the impact of the housing downturn in reducing our stockholders’ equity and increasing our debt-to-capital ratio and volatility in the financial and credit markets made external sources of liquidity less available and more costly to us. In 2013, relatively favorable housing and credit market conditions enabled us to refinance and extend the maturity of our outstanding senior notes due in 2014 and certain of our outstanding senior notes due in 2015 through the issuance of new senior notes, albeit at somewhat higher interest rates than the refinanced debt, and to raise unrestricted cash for general business purposes. We alsoaddition, we have entered into the Credit Facility.Facility and the LOC Facilities in order to support certain aspects of our operations in the ordinary course of our business, including land acquisitions, community development and other strategic growth initiatives. We anticipate that we will need to maintain the Credit Facility and the LOC Facilities in 2016, and, if necessary or desirable, we may seek to expand their capacities or enter into additional such facilities, or other similar facility arrangements with the same or other financial institutions. We may also issue additional senior notes, convertible senior notes or equity. However, we can provide no assurances, however,assurance that we will be able to generate cash flows from our operations or access external creditfinancing in 2016 or equity markets in 2014beyond at favorable terms or at all.all, or that our stockholders’ equity and ratio of debt to capital will remain at, or further improve from, their respective 2015 year-end levels.
Market conditions in 20142016 and beyond may significantly limit our ability to replace or refinance indebtedness, particularly givenin part due to provisions within our outstanding senior notes that may restrict the amount and nature of debt we may incur in the future and the ratings of our senior notes by the three principal nationally recognized registered credit rating agencies, as discussed further below.

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The terms of potential future issuances of indebtedness by us may be more restrictive than the terms governing our current indebtedness, and the issuance, interest and debt service expenses are likely toobligations could be higher. A higher as was the case with the new senior notes we issued in 2013.interest rate on or more restrictive terms governing our debt could materially and adversely affect our business and consolidated financial statements. In addition, the relatively low market value of our lowercommon stock price and unrestricted cash balance compared to the level reached before the housing downturn began and volatility in the stocksecurities markets could also impede our access to the equity markets or increase the amount of dilution our stockholders would experience should we seek to raise capital or complete strategic transactions through the issuance of new equity or convertible securities.
While we believe we can meet our forecasted capital requirements from our cash resources, expected future cash flow, capital markets accessflows from our operations, and the external financing sources that we anticipate will be available to us, we can provide no assurance that we will be able to do so, or do so without incurring substantially higher costs or significantly diluting existing stockholders’ equity interests. If conditions in the financial and credit markets continue to be volatile or worsen, whether generally, or for homebuilders or us in particular, it could reduce our ability to implement our strategies, initiatives and actions and profitably grow our business. Current and future federal and state regulations limiting the investment activities of financial institutions could also impact our ability to access the capital markets, to obtain additional external financing and/or maintain or, if necessary or desirable, expand the capacities of the Credit Facility or the LOC Facilities or enter into additional such facilities, or other similar facilities, in each case on acceptable terms or at all. The adverse effects of these conditions on our business, liquidity and consolidated financial statements could be material to us.our consolidated financial statements.
We have a substantial amount of indebtedness in relation to our tangible net worth and unrestricted cash balance, which may restrict our ability to meet our operational and strategic goals.
As of November 30, 2013, we had total outstanding debt of $2.15 billion, total stockholders’ equity of $536.1 million, and an unrestricted cash balance of $530.1 million. The amount of our debt overall and relative to our total stockholders’ equity and unrestricted cash balance could have important consequences. For example, it could:
limit our ability to obtain future financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, inventory-related investments, strategic transactions, debt service requirementsobligations or other business needs, including, but not limited to, supporting our strategic growth initiatives;initiatives and operational actions;

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limit our ability to maintain compliance with the Credit Facility’s financial covenants, of the Credit Facility or to renew or, if necessary or desirable, expand the capacity of the Credit Facility;
limit our ability to renew or, if necessary or desirable, expand the capacity of any letter of credit facilities (including the LOC Facilities), or enter into additional facilities, or other similar facilities, and to obtain performance bonds in the ordinary course of our business;
limit our ability to pay dividends on shares of our common stock;
require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flowflows from our operations to the collateralization or payment of our debt service obligations and reduce our ability to use our cash flowflows for other purposes;purposes, including investments in our business and acquisitions;
impact our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business;
limit our ability to implement our present strategies, particularly our land acquisition and development plans and asset activation initiatives,community count expansion initiative, in part due to competition from other homebuilders, developers and investors with greater available liquidity or balance sheet strength;
place us at a competitive disadvantage because we have more debt or debt-related restrictions than some of our competitors; and
make us more vulnerable in the event of weakness or a downturn in our business or in general economic or housing market conditions.
Our ability to meet our debt service and other obligations necessary to operate our business in the ordinary course will depend on our future performance. Our businessAs of the date of this report, our next scheduled maturity of senior notes is substantially affected by changeson September 15, 2017 with respect to $265.0 million in economic cycles. Our revenues, earnings and cash flows vary with the levelaggregate principal amount of general economic activity and competition in the markets in which we operate. They could also be affected by financial, political, regulatory, environmental and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. A higher interest rate on our debt could materially and adversely affect our consolidated financial statements.9.10% senior notes due 2017 (“9.10% Senior Notes due 2017”).
Our business may not generate sufficient cash flowflows from our operations, and sufficient external financing at a reasonable cost may not be available to us, in an amount sufficient to meet our debt service obligations fulfilland other obligations necessary to operate our business in the ordinary course, comply with the Credit Facility’s financial covenants, or operational obligations we may have under certain unconsolidated joint venture transactions, support our letter of credit facilities (including the LOC Facilities), or. Further, as described in Note 13. Notes Payable in the Notes to fund our other liquidity or operational needs. Further,Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, if a change of control were to occur as defined in the instrumentinstruments governing our senior notes, we would be required to offer to purchase all of our outstanding senior notes (with the exception of the amounts outstanding related to our 6 1/4% senior notes due 2015 (the “6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015”) and our 7 1/4% senior notes due 2018 (the “7 1/4% Senior Notes due 2018”)) at 101% of their principal amount, together with all accrued and unpaid interest,or if any. If a fundamental change under the terms of our 1.375% convertible senior notes due 2019 (the “1.375%(“1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019”), which includes a change of control, occurs prior to their stated maturity date, the holderswe may require usbe required to offer to purchase for cashcertain of our senior notes and/or all or any portion of their notes at 100%

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of the principal amount of theconvertible senior notes, plus accrued interest and unpaid interest, to, but not including, the fundamental change purchase date.if any. In such circumstances, of an applicable change of control and/or fundamental change, if we are unable to generate sufficient cash flowflows from our operations, we may, given our unrestricted cash balance, need to refinance and/or restructure with our lenders or other creditors all or a portion of our outstanding debt obligations on or before their maturity, which we may not be able to do on favorable terms or at all, or raise capital through equity or convertible security issuances that wouldcould significantly dilute existing stockholders’ interests, and the impact of such circumstances on our liquidity and consolidated financial statements would be material and adverse.
Failure to comply with the restrictionscovenants and covenantsother requirements imposed by the Credit Facility and the instruments governing our indebtedness could restrict future borrowing or cause any outstanding indebtedness to become immediately due and payable.
Under the terms of the Credit Facility, we are required, among other things, to maintain compliance with various covenants, including financial covenants relating to our consolidated tangible net worth, leverage, and interest coverage or liquidity. The Credit Facility is also governed by a borrowing base test and includes a limitation on investments in joint ventures and non-guarantor subsidiaries. In addition, the existence ofAmong other things, these restrictionscovenants and covenants mayother requirements can influence our operating decisions of whether to enter into, or the manner in which we can structure certain transactions, in order to maintain compliance. If we fail to comply with these covenants and other requirements, the participating financial institutions could terminate the Credit Facility, cause borrowings under the Credit Facility, if any, to become immediately due and payable and/or could demand that we compensate them for waiving instances of noncompliance. In addition, under certain circumstances, a default under the Credit Facility under certain circumstances or a default under any series of our senior notes or convertible senior notes could cause a default with respect to our senior or convertible seniorother series of such notes and result in the acceleration of the maturity of all of our senior and/or convertible senior notes and our inability to borrow under the Credit Facility, as well as incurring penalties and additional fees, all of which would have a material adverse impact on our liquidity and on our consolidated financial statements. Moreover, we may need to curtail our investment activities and other uses of cash to maintain compliance with the restrictionscovenants and covenantsother requirements under the Credit Facility.

24

TableThe indenture governing our outstanding senior notes and convertible senior notes imposes restrictions on our business operations and activities. Though it does not contain any financial covenants, the indenture contains certain restrictive covenants that, among other things and subject to specified exceptions, limit our ability to incur secured indebtedness, to engage in sale-leaseback transactions involving property or assets above a specified value, and, in the case of Contentssix series of our outstanding senior notes and our convertible senior notes, to engage in mergers, consolidations, and sales of assets. Due to financial and credit market conditions, we may in the future need to include additional covenants, obligations or restrictions in our indenture or with respect to a specific issuance of securities or to our currently outstanding securities. If we fail to comply with any of these covenants, obligations or restrictions, the holders of our senior notes or convertible senior notes could cause such debt to become due and payable prior to maturity or could demand that we compensate them for waiving instances of noncompliance, and, if they are successful in doing so, the impact on our liquidity and consolidated financial statements would be material and adverse. In addition, a default under any series of our senior notes or convertible senior notes could cause a default with respect to our other series of such notes and result in the acceleration of the maturity of all such defaulted indebtedness and other debt obligations, as well as penalties and additional fees, which would have a material adverse impact on our liquidity and consolidated financial statements.

Our ability to obtain external financing could be adversely affected by a negative change in our credit rating by a third-party rating agency.
Our abilityaccess to access the capital markets and external financing sources on favorable terms is a key factor in our ability to fund our operations and to grow our business. As of the date of this report, our credit rating by Fitch Ratings is B+, with a stable outlook, our credit rating by Moody’s Investor Services is B2, with a stablepositive outlook, and our credit rating by Standard and Poor’s Financial Services is B, with a stable outlook. Downgrades of our credit rating by any of these principal nationally recognized registered credit rating agencies may make it more difficult and costly for us to access the capital markets and external financing sources, and could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.
We may have difficulty in continuing to obtain the additional financing required to operateliquidity and develop our business.
Our homebuilding operations and our present strategies require significant amounts of cash and/or the availability of external financing. We have entered into the Credit Facility and the LOC Facilities in order to support certain aspects of our operations in the ordinary course of our business, including our acquisition of land and our development of new home communities and other of our strategic growth initiatives. We anticipate that we will need to maintain the Credit Facility and the LOC Facilities in 2014, and, if necessary or desirable, we may seek to expand their capacities or enter into additional such facilities, or other similar facility arrangements with the same or other financial institutions. It is not possible to predict the future terms or availability of additional external capital or for maintaining or, if necessary or desirable, expanding the capacity of the Credit Facility or the LOC Facilities or entering into additional such facilities. Moreover, our outstanding senior notes and convertible senior notes contain provisions that may restrict the amount and nature of debt we may incur in the future. As the financial and credit markets worldwide have been experiencing and may continue to experience volatility, there can be no assurance that we can at reasonable cost actually borrow additional funds, raise additional capital through other means, or successfully maintain or, if necessary or desirable, expand the capacity of the Credit Facility or the LOC Facilities or enter into additional such facilities, each of which depends, among other factors, on conditions in the capital markets and our perceived credit worthiness, as discussed above. If conditions in the financial and credit markets continue to be volatile or worsen, whether generally, or for homebuilders or us in particular, it could reduce our ability to generate home sales and may hinder our future growth and materially impact our consolidated financial statements. Potential federal and state regulations limiting the investment activities of financial institutions, including regulations that have been or may be issued under the Dodd-Frank Act, could also impact our ability to access the capital markets, to obtain additional external financing and to maintain or, if necessary or desirable, expand the Credit Facility or the LOC Facilities or enter into additional such facilities, in each case on acceptable terms or at all.
Failure to comply with the covenants and conditions imposed by the agreements governing our indebtedness could restrict future borrowing or cause our debt to become immediately due and payable.
The indenture governing our outstanding senior notes and convertible senior notes imposes restrictions on our business operations and activities. Though it does not contain any financial maintenance covenants, the indenture contains certain restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability to incur secured indebtedness, to engage in sale-leaseback transactions involving property or assets above a specified value, and, as in the case of four of our outstanding senior notes and our convertible senior notes, to engage in mergers, consolidations, and sales of assets. Due to financial and credit market conditions, we may also need to include additional covenants, obligations or restrictions in our indenture or with respect to a specific issuance of securities or to our currently outstanding securities. If we fail to comply with these covenants, obligations or restrictions, the holders of our senior notes or convertible senior notes could cause our debt to become due and payable prior to maturity or could demand that we compensate them for waiving instances of noncompliance, and, if they are successful in doing so, the impact on our consolidated financial statements would be material and adverse. In addition, a default under any series of our senior notes or convertible senior notes could cause a default with respect to our other senior notes and result in the acceleration of the maturity of all such defaulted indebtedness and other debt obligations, as well as penalties or additional fees, which would have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements.
We may not realize our significant deferred income tax assets. In addition, our net operating loss carryforwards could be substantially limited if we experience an ownership change as defined in the Internal Revenue Code.
Since the end of our 2007 fiscal year, we have generated a significant deferred tax asset as a result of our net operating losses (“NOL”). Under federal tax laws, we can use our NOL (and certain related tax credits) to reduce our future taxable income for up to 20 years, after which they expire for such purposes. In 2013, we were able to use a portion of our deferred tax assets to offset the taxable income we generated for the year. Until they expire, we can carry forward our NOL (and certain related tax credits) that we do not use in any particular year to reduce our taxable income in future years, and we have recorded a valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets that include the NOL (and certain related tax credits) that we have generated but have not yet realized. At November 30, 2013,2015, we had deferred tax assets, net of deferred tax liabilities, totaling $859.4of $820.0 million,

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against which we had a valuation allowance of $37.8 million. While we have provided a full valuation allowance.allowance against certain of our net deferred tax assets, the valuation allowance is subject to adjustment as facts and circumstances change. The accounting for deferred income taxes is based upon estimates of our future results. A housing downturn or other adverse circumstances that negatively affect our future taxable income could require us to record a larger valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets as well as related charges against our earnings. Differences between estimated and actual results could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, and the impact may be adverse. Our ability to realize our net deferred tax assets is based on the extent to which we

18



generate sustained profitsfuture taxable income, and we cannot provide any assurancesassurance as to when and to what extent we will generate sufficient future taxable income to realize our net deferred tax assets, whether in whole or in any part.
The majorityChanges in tax laws could also affect our actual tax results, the valuation of our net deferred tax asset is federal relatedassets and is valued atour ability to realize our net deferred tax assets. Specifically, a 35%decrease in enacted corporate income tax rate. If, as some lawmakers have proposed,rates in our major jurisdictions, especially in the U.S.federal corporate income tax rate, is lowered, we would be required to write down a roughly proportionate amount ofdecrease the value of our federal net deferred tax asset to account for this lower rate. We would also need to recordassets and result in a corresponding write down of our valuation allowance. The lowercharge to income tax rate wouldexpense, which could be material, as well as reduce our future federal taxes, which may putability to use our net deferred tax assets.
In addition, notwithstanding the reversal of a substantial portion of our deferred tax creditsasset valuation allowance at risk of expiring before we could use them.
In addition,November 30, 2014, the benefits of our NOL,net deferred tax assets, including our net operating losses (“NOLs”), built-in losses and tax credits, would be reduced or potentially eliminated if we experienced an “ownership change,” as determinedchange” under Internal Revenue Code Section 382 (“Section 382”). A Section 382 ownership change occurs if a stockholder or a group of stockholders who are deemed to own at least 5% of our common stock increase their ownership by more than 50 percentage points over their lowest ownership percentage within a rolling three-year period. If an ownership change were to occur, Section 382 would impose an annual limit on the amount of NOLNOLs we could use to reduce our taxable income equal to the product of the total value of our outstanding equity immediately prior to the ownership change (reduced by certain items specified in Section 382) and the federal long-term tax-exempt interest rate in effect for the month of the ownership change.income. A number of complex rules apply in calculating this annual limit.
While the complexity of Section 382’s provisions and the limited knowledge any public company has about the ownership of its publicly-tradedpublicly traded stock make it difficult to determine whether an ownership change has occurred, we currently believe that an ownership change has not occurred. However, if an ownership change were to occur, the annual limit Section 382 may impose could result in a material amount of our NOLNOLs expiring unused. This would significantly impair the value of our NOLnet deferred tax assets and, as a result, have a material negative impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In 2009, our stockholders approved an amendment to our restated certificate of incorporation that is designed to block transfers of our common stock that could result in an ownership change, and a rights agreement pursuant to which we have issued certain stock purchase rights with terms designed to deter transfers of our common stock that could result in an ownership change. However, these measures cannot guarantee complete protection against an ownership change and it remains possible that one may occur.
Our cash flows, liquidity and consolidated financial statements could be materially and adversely affected if we are unable to obtain performance bonds and/or letters of credit.
In the course of developing our communities, we are often required to provide to various municipalities and other government agencies performance bonds and/or letters of credit to secure the completion of our projects and/or in support of obligations to build community improvements such as roads, sewers, water systems and other utilities, and to support similar development activities by certain of our unconsolidated joint ventures. We may also be required to provide performance bonds and/or letters of credit to secure our performance under various escrow agreements, financial guarantees and other arrangements. Our ability to obtain such bonds or letters of credit and the cost to do so depend on our credit rating, overall market capitalization, available capital, past operational and financial performance, management expertise and other factors, including prevailing surety market conditions, and the underwriting practices and resources of performance bond and/or letter of credit issuers. If we are unable to obtain performance bonds and/or letters of credit when required or the cost or operational restrictions or conditions imposed by issuers to obtain them increases significantly in 20142016 or later,beyond, we may not be able to develop or we may be significantly delayed in developing a community or communities, we may be required to post cash collateral, decreasing our unrestricted cash balance, and/or we may incur significant additional expenses, and, asexpenses. As a result, our business and consolidated financial statements, cash flows and/or liquidity could be materially and adversely affected.
Our ability to attract and retain talent is critical to the success of our business and a failure to do so may materially and adversely affect our performance.
Our officers and employees are an important resource, and we see attracting and retaining a dedicated and talented team to execute our KBnxt operational business model as crucial to our ability to achieve and maintain an advantage over other homebuilders. We face intense competition for qualified personnel, particularly at senior management levels, from other homebuilders, from other companies in the housing and real estate industries, particularly with the increased residential construction activity in 2012 and 2013, and from companies in various other industries with respect to certain roles or functions. Moreover, the prolonged housing downturn and the decline in the market value of our common stock during the housing downturn havehas made it difficult for us to attract and retain talent, even as we are making a targeted effort to strengthen and expand certain of our local field management teams and talent as part of our strategic growth initiatives.talent. If we are unable to continue to retain and attract qualified employees, or if we need to significantly increase compensation and benefits to do so (including as a result of complying with pending health care coverage requirements ofunder the federal Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care

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Education Reconciliation Act of 2010), or, alternatively, if we are required or believe it is appropriate to reduce our overhead expenses through significant personnel reductions or adjustments to compensation and benefits, our performance, our ability to achieve our top strategic priorities and maintain a competitive advantage, and our consolidated financial statements could be materially and adversely affected.

Changes in global or regional environmental conditions and governmental actions in response to such changes may adversely affect us by increasing the costs of or restricting our planned or future growth activities.
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There is growing concern from members of the scientific community and the general public that an increase in global average temperatures due to emissions of greenhouse gases and other human activities have caused or will cause significant changes in weather patterns and increase the frequency and severity of natural disasters. An increased frequency or duration of extreme weather conditions and environmental events could limit, delay and/or increase the costs to develop land and build new homes and reduce the value of our land and housing inventory in locations that become less desirable to consumers or blocked to development. Projected climate change, if it occurs, may exacerbate the scarcity of water and other natural resources in affected regions, which could limit, prevent or increase the costs of residential development in certain areas. In addition, government mandates, standards or regulations intended to mitigate or reduce greenhouse gas emissions or projected climate change impacts could result in prohibitions or severe restrictions on land development in certain areas, increase energy, transportation and raw material costs that make building materials less available or more expensive, or cause us to incur compliance expenses and other financial obligations to meet permitting or land development- or home construction-related requirements that we will be unable to fully recover (due to market conditions or other factors), and reduce our housing gross profit margins and adversely affect our consolidated financial statements, potentially to a material degree. As a result, climate change impacts, and laws and land development and home construction standards, and/or the manner in which they are interpreted or implemented, to address potential climate change impacts, could increase our costs and have a long-term adverse impact on our business and our consolidated financial statements. This is a particular concern with respect to our key West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, as California has instituted some of the most extensive and stringent environmental laws and residential building construction standards in the country.


Information technology failures and data security breaches could harm our business.
We use information technology, digital telecommunications and other computer resources to carry out important operational and promotional marketing activities and to maintain our business records. Many of these resources are provided to us and/or maintained on our behalf by third-party service providers pursuant to agreements that specify to varying degrees certain security and service level standards. Although we and our service providers employ what we believe are adequate security, disaster recovery and other preventative and corrective measures, our ability to conduct our business may be impaired if these resources, including our primary website,websites or e-mail system, are compromised, degraded, damaged or fail, whether due to a virus or other harmful circumstance, intentional penetration or disruption of our information technology resources by a third party, natural disaster, hardware or software corruption or failure or error or poor product or vendor/developer selection (including a failure of security controls incorporated into or applied to such hardware or software), telecommunications system failure, service provider error or failure, intentional or unintentional personnel actions (including the failure to follow our security protocols), or lost connectivity to our networked resources. A significant and extended disruption in the functioning of these resources, including our primary website,websites or e-mail system, could damage our reputation and cause us to lose customers, orders, deliveries of homes and revenues, result in the unintended and/or unauthorized public disclosure or the misappropriation of proprietary, personal identifying and confidential information (including information about our homebuyersbuyers and business partners), impair the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, and require us to incur significant expenseexpenses to address and remediate or otherwise resolve these kinds of issues. We may not be able to recover these expenses in whole or in any part from our service providers or responsible parties, and/or their or our insurers. The release of confidential information may also lead to litigation or other proceedings against us by affected individuals, and/or business partners and/or by regulators, and the outcome of such proceedings, which could include losses, penalties, or fines, injunctions, expenses and charges recorded against our earnings and cause us reputational harm, could have a material and adverse effect on our business and consolidated financial statements. Depending on its nature, a particular data security breach, penetration or compromise, or a series of breaches, penetrations or compromises, may result in the unauthorized use or loss of our assets or financial resources on a one-time or continuing basis, and such unauthorized use(s) or loss(es), which could be significant, may not be detected for some period of time. In addition, the costs of maintaining adequate protection against suchdata security threats, dependingbased on considerations of their evolution, pervasiveness and frequency and/or government-mandated standards or obligations regarding protective efforts, could be material to our consolidated financial statements in a particular period or over various periods.
Item 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
Item 2.PROPERTIES
We lease our corporate headquarters in Los Angeles, California. Our homebuilding division offices (except for our San Antonio, Texas office) and our KB Home Studiosdesign studios are located in leased space in the markets where we conduct business. We own the premises for our San Antonio office.

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We believe that such properties, including the equipment located therein, are suitable and adequate to meet the needs of our businesses.

Item 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Nevada Development Contract Litigation
KB HOME Nevada Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of ours (“KB Nevada”), is a defendantOur legal proceedings are discussed in a caseNote 16. Legal Matters in the Eighth Judicial District Court in Clark County, Nevada entitled Las Vegas Development Associates, LLC, Essex Real Estate Partners, LLC, et al. v. KB HOME Nevada Inc.  In 2007, Las Vegas Development Associates, LLC (“LVDA”) agreedNotes to purchase from KB Nevada approximately 83 acres of land located near Las Vegas, Nevada.  LVDA subsequently assigned its rights to Essex Real Estate Partners, LLC (“Essex”).  KB Nevada and Essex entered into a development agreement relating to certain major infrastructure improvements.  LVDA’s and Essex’s complaint, initially filed in 2008, alleged that KB Nevada breached the development agreement, and also alleged that KB Nevada fraudulently induced them to enter into the purchase and development agreements.  LVDA’s and Essex’s lenders subsequently filed related actions that were consolidated into the LVDA/Essex matter.  The consolidated plaintiffs sought rescission of the agreements or, in the alternative, compensatory damages of$55 million plus unspecified punitive damages and other damages, and interest charges in excess of $41 million (the “Claimed Damages”).  KB Nevada has denied the allegations, and believes it has meritorious defenses to the consolidated plaintiffs’ claims.  At a November 19, 2012 hearing, the court denied all of the consolidated plaintiffs’ motions for summary judgment on their claims. In addition, the court granted several of KB Nevada's motions for summary judgment, eliminating, among other of the consolidated plaintiffs’ claims, all claims for fraud, negligent misrepresentation, and punitive damages. With the court’s decisions, the only remaining claims against KB Nevada are for contract damages and rescission. In August 2013, the court granted motions that further narrowed the scope of the Claimed Damages. While the ultimate outcome is uncertain — we believe it is reasonably possible that the lossConsolidated Financial Statements in this matter could range from zero to approximately $55 million plus pre-judgment interest, which could be material to our consolidated financial statements — KB Nevada believes it will be successful in defending against the consolidated plaintiffs’ remaining claims and that the consolidated plaintiffs will not be awarded rescission or damages.  The non-jury trial, originally set for September 2012, was recently continued again until May 20, 2014.
Other Matters
In addition to the specific proceeding described above, we are involved in other litigation and regulatory proceedings incidental to our business that are in various procedural stages. We believe that the accruals we have recorded for probable and reasonably estimable losses with respect to these proceedings are adequate and that, as of November 30, 2013, it was not reasonably possible that an additional material loss had been incurred in an amount in excess of the estimated amounts already recognized on our consolidated financial statements. We evaluate our accruals for litigation and regulatory proceedings at least quarterly and, as appropriate, adjust them to reflect (a) the facts and circumstances known to us at the time, including information regarding negotiations, settlements, rulings and other relevant events and developments; (b) the advice and analyses of counsel; and (c) the assumptions and judgment of management. Similar factors and considerations are used in establishing new accruals for proceedings as to which losses have become probable and reasonably estimable at the time an evaluation is made. Based on our experience, we believe that the amounts that may be claimed or alleged against us in these proceedings are not a meaningful indicator of our potential liability. The outcome of any of these proceedings, including the defense and other litigation-related costs and expenses we may incur, however, is inherently uncertain and could differ significantly from the estimate reflected in a related accrual, if made. Therefore, it is possible that the ultimate outcome of any proceeding, if in excess of a related accrual or if no accrual had been made, could be material to our consolidated financial statements.report.
Item 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.

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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The following table presents certain information regarding our executive officers as of December 31, 2013:2015:
Name Age Present Position 
Year
Assumed
Present
Position
 
Years
at
KB
Home
 
Other Positions and Other
Business Experience within the
Last Five Years (a)
 From – To Age Present Position 
Year
Assumed
Present
Position
 
Years
at
KB
Home
 
Other Positions and Other
Business Experience within the
Last Five Years (a)
 From – To
  
Jeffrey T. Mezger 58 President and Chief Executive Officer (b) 2006 20  60 President and Chief Executive Officer (b) 2006 22 
Nicholas S. Franklin 47 Executive Vice President, Strategic Operations 2015 1 Executive Vice President, Next Generation Experience, Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Worldwide, Inc. (an international family entertainment and media enterprise) 2009-2014
Jeff J. Kaminski 52 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 2010 3 Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Strategy Board member, Federal-Mogul Corporation (a global supplier of component parts and systems to the automotive, heavy-duty, industrial and transport markets) 2008-2010 54 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 2010 5 
Albert Z. Praw 65 Executive Vice President, Real Estate and Business Development 2011 17 (c) Chief Executive Officer, Landstone Communities, LLC (a real estate development company) 2006-2011 67 Executive Vice President, Real Estate and Business Development 2011 19 (c) Chief Executive Officer, Landstone Communities, LLC (a real estate development company) 2006-2011
Brian J. Woram 53 Executive Vice President and General Counsel 2010 3 Senior Vice President and Chief Legal Officer, H&R Block, Inc. (a provider of tax, banking and business and consulting services) 2009-2010 55 Executive Vice President and General Counsel 2010 5 
 Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Chief Compliance Officer, Centex Corporation (a homebuilder and provider of mortgage banking services) 2005-2009
William R. Hollinger 55 Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer 2007 26  57 Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer 2007 28 
Thomas F. Norton 43 Senior Vice President, Human Resources 2009 5 Chief Human Resources Officer, BJ’s Restaurants, Inc. (an owner and operator of national full service restaurants) 2006-2009 45 Senior Vice President, Human Resources 2009 7 
Tom Silk 45 Senior Vice President, Marketing and Communications 2011 2 Vice President of Marketing for Hydration and Juice Brands, PepsiCo Beverages Americas (a beverage marketing and distribution company) 2009-2011
 Senior Director, Global Brand Management, Activision Blizzard, Inc. (a game publisher of interactive entertainment software) 2006-2009
(a)All positions described were with us, unless otherwise indicated.
(b)Mr. Mezger has served as a director since 2006.
(c)We employed Mr. Praw was employed by us from 1989-1992 and from 1994-2006. He was elected to his present position in October 2011.

There is no family relationship between any of our executive officers or between any of our executive officers and any of our directors.


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PART II
Item 5.
MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
As of December 31, 2013,2015, there were 704635 holders of record of our common stock. Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “KBH.” The following table presents, for the periods indicated, the price ranges of our common stock, and cash dividends declared and paid per share:
Year Ended November 30, 2013 Year Ended November 30, 2012Year Ended November 30, 2015 Year Ended November 30, 2014
High Low 
Dividends
Declared
 
Dividends
Paid
 High Low 
Dividends
Declared
 
Dividends
Paid
High Low 
Dividends
Declared
 
Dividends
Paid
 High Low 
Dividends
Declared
 
Dividends
Paid
First Quarter$20.04
 $13.86
 $.0250
 $.0250
 $12.91
 $6.17
 $.0625
 $.0625
$17.57
 $11.76
 $.0250
 $.0250
 $20.78
 $16.38
 $.0250
 $.0250
Second Quarter25.14
 18.21
 .0250
 .0250
 13.12
 6.77
 .0250
 .0250
16.37
 13.21
 .0250
 .0250
 20.72
 15.40
 .0250
 .0250
Third Quarter22.49
 15.57
 .0250
 .0250
 11.25
 6.46
 .0250
 .0250
17.42
 13.50
 .0250
 .0250
 18.98
 16.06
 .0250
 .0250
Fourth Quarter18.98
 15.48
 .0250
 .0250
 17.30
 10.89
 .0250
 .0250
15.53
 12.72
 .0250
 .0250
 18.10
 13.75
 .0250
 .0250
The declaration and payment of cash dividends on shares of our common stock, whether at current levels or at all, are at the discretion of our board of directors, and depend upon, among other things, our expected future earnings, cash flows from our operations, capital requirements, access to external financing, debt structure and adjustments thereto, covenants and other requirements under the Credit Facility or other of our debt obligations, operational and financial investment strategy and general financial condition, as well as general business conditions.
The descriptionInformation regarding the shares of our common stock that may be issued under our equity compensation plans required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is incorporated herein by reference to “Part III — Item 12. Securityprovided below in the “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters” ofsection in this report.

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The following table summarizes our purchases of our own equity securities during the three months ended November 30, 2015:
Period Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
September 1-30 
 $
 
 4,000,000
October 1-31 
 
 
 4,000,000
November 1-30 20,104
 13.27
 
 4,000,000
Total 20,104
 $13.27
 
  
As of November 30, 2015, we were authorized to repurchase 4,000,000 shares of our common stock under a share repurchase program approved by our board of directors in December 2005. We did not repurchase any shares of our equity securitiescommon stock under this program in the year ended November 30, 2015. The shares purchased during the fourth quarterthree months ended November 30, 2015 were previously issued shares delivered to us by employees to satisfy withholding taxes on the vesting of 2013.restricted stock awards as well as shares forfeited by individuals upon their termination of employment. These transactions are not considered repurchases under the share repurchase program.
As discussed in Note 24. Subsequent Event in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, on January 12, 2016, our board of directors authorized us to repurchase a total of up to 10,000,000 shares of our outstanding common stock.  This authorization reaffirmed and incorporated the then-current balance of 4,000,000 shares that remained under the prior board-approved share repurchase program.


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Stock Performance Graph
The following graph below compares the five-year cumulative total return of KB Home common stock, the S&P 500 Index the S&P Homebuilding Index and the Dow Jones US Home Construction Index for the periods ended November 30.30:

Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return
Among KB Home, S&P 500 Index S&P Homebuildingand
Index and Dow Jones US Home Construction Index

 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
            
KB Home100
 118
 101
 67
 133
 163
S & P 500 Index100
 125
 138
 149
 173
 225
S & P Homebuilding Index100
 123
 114
 130
 270
 278
Dow Jones Home Construction Index100
 120
 109
 118
 207
 216
 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
KB Home$100
 $67
 $132
 $162
 $164
 $132
S&P 500 Index100
 108
 125
 163
 191
 196
Dow Jones US Home Construction Index100
 108
 190
 198
 238
 270
The above graph is based on the KB Home common stock and index prices calculated as of the last trading day before December 1 of the year-end periods presented. The closing price of KB Home common stock on the New York Stock Exchange was $17.53$14.09 per share on November 30, 20132015 and $14.36$17.57 per share on November 30, 2012.2014. The performance of our common stock depicted in the graphsas presented above representsreflects past performance only and is not indicative of future performance. Total return assumes $100 invested at market close on November 30, 20082010 in KB Home common stock, the S&P 500 Index the S&P Homebuilding Index and the Dow Jones US Home Construction Index, including reinvestment of dividends.

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Item 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The data in this table should be read in conjunction with “Item 7. Management’sthe “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto, which are included in “Item 8. Financial“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” Both are includedData” sections in this report.
KB HOME
SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
(Dollars In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 2011 2010 20092015 2014 2013 2012 2011
Statement of Operations Data:                  
Revenues:                  
Homebuilding$2,084,978
 $1,548,432
 $1,305,562
 $1,581,763
 $1,816,415
$3,020,987
 $2,389,643
 $2,084,978
 $1,548,432
 $1,305,562
Financial services12,152
 11,683
 10,304
 8,233
 8,435
11,043
 11,306
 12,152
 11,683
 10,304
Total$2,097,130
 $1,560,115
 $1,315,866
 $1,589,996
 $1,824,850
$3,032,030
 $2,400,949
 $2,097,130
 $1,560,115
 $1,315,866
Operating income (loss):                  
Homebuilding$92,084
 $(20,256) $(103,074) $(16,045) $(236,520)$138,621
 $115,969
 $92,084
 $(20,256) $(103,074)
Financial services9,110
 8,692
 6,792
 5,114
 5,184
7,332
 7,860
 9,110
 8,692
 6,792
Total$101,194
 $(11,564) $(96,282) $(10,931) $(231,336)$145,953
 $123,829
 $101,194
 $(11,564) $(96,282)
Pretax income (loss)$38,363
 $(79,053) $(181,168) $(76,368) $(311,184)$127,043
 $94,949
 $38,363
 $(79,053) $(181,168)
Net income (loss)(a)$39,963
 $(58,953) $(178,768) $(69,368) $(101,784)$84,643
 $918,349
 $39,963
 $(58,953) $(178,768)
Earnings (loss) per share:                  
Basic$.48
 $(.76) $(2.32) $(.90) $(1.33)$.92
 $10.26
 $.48
 $(.76) $(2.32)
Diluted$.46
 $(.76) $(2.32) $(.90) $(1.33)$.85
 $9.25
 $.46
 $(.76) $(2.32)
Cash dividends declared per common share$.1000
 $.1375
 $.2500
 $.2500
 $.2500
$.1000
 $.1000
 $.1000
 $.1375
 $.2500
Balance Sheet Data:                  
Assets:                  
Homebuilding$3,183,595
 $2,557,243
 $2,480,369
 $3,080,306
 $3,402,565
$5,001,343
 $4,747,064
 $3,183,595
 $2,557,243
 $2,480,369
Financial services10,040
 4,455
 32,173
 29,443
 33,424
14,028
 10,486
 10,040
 4,455
 32,173
Total$3,193,635
 $2,561,698
 $2,512,542
 $3,109,749
 $3,435,989
$5,015,371
 $4,757,550
 $3,193,635
 $2,561,698
 $2,512,542
Mortgages and notes payable$2,150,498
 $1,722,815
 $1,583,571
 $1,775,529
 $1,820,370
Notes payable$2,625,536
 $2,576,525
 $2,150,498
 $1,722,815
 $1,583,571
Stockholders’ equity$536,086
 $376,806
 $442,657
 $631,878
 $707,224
$1,690,834
 $1,595,910
 $536,086
 $376,806
 $442,657
Homebuilding Data:                  
Net orders7,125
 6,703
 6,632
 6,556
 8,341
9,253
 7,567
 7,125
 6,703
 6,632
Unit backlog2,557
 2,577
 2,156
 1,336
 2,126
3,966
 2,909
 2,557
 2,577
 2,156
Homes delivered7,145
 6,282
 5,812
 7,346
 8,488
8,196
 7,215
 7,145
 6,282
 5,812
(a)Net income for the year ended November 30, 2014 included the impact of an $825.2 million deferred tax asset valuation allowance reversal in the 2014 fourth quarter.

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Item 7.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview. Revenues are generated from our homebuilding and financial services operations. The following table presents a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the years ended November 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 (in(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):
Years Ended November 30, VarianceYears Ended November 30, Variance
2013 2012 2011 2013 vs 2012 2012 vs 20112015 2014 2013 2015 vs 2014 2014 vs 2013
Revenues:                  
Homebuilding$2,084,978
 $1,548,432
 $1,305,562
 35 % 19 %$3,020,987
 $2,389,643
 $2,084,978
 26 % 15 %
Financial services12,152
 11,683
 10,304
 4
 13
11,043
 11,306
 12,152
 (2) (7)
Total$2,097,130
 $1,560,115
 $1,315,866
 34 % 19 %$3,032,030
 $2,400,949
 $2,097,130
 26 % 14 %
Pretax income (loss):         
Pretax income:         
Homebuilding$28,179
 $(89,936) $(207,246) (a)
 57 %$115,419
 $86,403
 $28,179
 34 % 207 %
Financial services10,184
 10,883
 26,078
 (6) (58)11,624
 8,546
 10,184
 36
 (16)
Total pretax income (loss)38,363
 (79,053) (181,168) (a)
 56
Income tax benefit1,600
 20,100
 2,400
 (92) 738
Net income (loss)$39,963
 $(58,953) $(178,768) (a)
 67 %
Earnings (loss) per share:         
Total pretax income127,043
 94,949
 38,363
 34
 148 %
Income tax benefit (expense)(42,400) 823,400
 1,600
 (a)
 (a)
Net income$84,643
 $918,349
 $39,963
 (91)% (a)
Earnings per share:         
Basic$.48
 $(.76) $(2.32) (a)
 67 %$.92
 $10.26
 $.48
 (91)% (a)
Diluted$.46
 $(.76) $(2.32) (a)
 67 %$.85
 $9.25
 $.46
 (91)% (a)
(a)    Percentage not meaningful.
The U.S. housing market continued toIn 2015, we produced strong operational and financial results largely through our focused execution on four primary strategic priorities — grow our community count; enhance the profitability of each home delivered; generate higher revenues; and improve our asset efficiency and return on invested capital. Our 2015 performance also reflected generally favorable conditions in 2013, supportedmost of our served markets, with healthy supply and demand dynamics fueled by steady demand, low inventories of homes available for sale, relatively high housing affordability,employment and a generally favorable economic environment. However, the performance of individual housing markets variedgains over the course of 2013,the year. Among our achievements, compared to 2014, we increased homes delivered by 14%, total revenues by 26%, and rising mortgage loan interest rates and home price levels, and a decline in consumer confidencepretax income by 34%. We accomplished these results notwithstanding external headwinds in the fall,fourth quarter, including inclement weather conditions and trade shortages in certain markets, that tempered home sales activitydeliveries and revenues, and despite higher land, land development and construction costs during the year that, along with an increase in the second halfamortization of the year. We believe this recent moderation in activity, which has slowed the rate of increases in home selling prices, may providepreviously capitalized interest, contributed to a healthier foundation for a strong, sustainable housing recovery, and that additional progress will be made in many housing markets and by the overall homebuilding industry in 2014.
We achieved measurably improved financial performance on key metrics180 basis point year-over-year decrease in our business in each quarter of 2013, including year-over-year growth in revenues, expansion of ourfull-year housing gross profit margin and improvement in our bottom line results, and generated full-year profitability for the first time in several years. We believe these improvements largely resulted from the various ongoing strategic initiatives we have implemented over the past few years to reposition our homebuilding activities and investments toward higher-performing, desirable locations in land constrained growth markets, refine our products to meet consumer preferences, and sharpen our focus on reaching our profitability and growth goals. We also benefited from the overall improvement in housing markets. Our success in implementing these initiatives was particularly evident in our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, which generated nearly half of our revenues in 2013. This segment’s average selling price rose 20% and its housing gross profit margin improved 840 basis points in 2013 compared to results in the prior year.margin.
We took a number of steps in 2013 to further strengthen our business and to support our strategic growth initiatives. We raised capital in both public equity and debt markets, generating total net proceeds of $775.5 million through the concurrent underwritten public issuance of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and the underwritten public offering of 6,325,000 shares of our common stock, par value $1.00 per share, at a price of $18.25 per share (the “Common Stock Offering”), and the underwritten public issuance of our 7.00% senior notes due 2021 (the “7.00% Senior Notes due 2021”); entered into the Credit Facility; retired $215.1 million in aggregate principal amount of certain of our senior notes due 2014 and 2015 through a combination of purchases made pursuant to the terms of the applicable tender offers that were initially made on October 15, 2013 (the “October 2013 Tender Offers”) and redemptions; used the net proceeds from the equity and senior notes issuances and positive cash flows from operations

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to invest $1.14 billion in land and land development; and formed a mortgage banking company in partnership with Nationstar to offer mortgage banking services to our homebuyers.
We believe these actions enabled us to generate positive year-over-year results in 2013 in several key metrics:
Revenues. Total revenues of $2.10 billion forDuring the year, ended November 30, 2013 rose 34% from $1.56 billion for 2012. This increase was primarily due to a 35% rise in housing revenues to $2.08 billion from $1.55 billion for 2012, reflecting increases in both the number of homes delivered and the overall average selling price of those homes. For 2013,through our total revenues included land sale revenues of $.9 million, compared to no land sale revenues for 2012. Also included in our total revenues were financial services revenues of $12.2 million for 2013 and $11.7 million for 2012.
Homes Delivered. We delivered 7,145 homes in 2013, up 14% from 6,282 homes delivered in 2012, partly due to our relatively higher backlog at the beginning of the year, which was up 20% on a year-over-year basis, and the strategic positioning of our communities in locations with relatively strong demand.
Average Selling Price. The overall average selling price of our homes delivered increased 18% in 2013 (and 10% in 2012 compared to 2011). This year-over-year increase reflected our efforts over the past few years to strategically position our new home communities in submarkets where buyers have higher household income levels and stronger credit profiles, are choosing to purchase larger homes at higher price points and are spending more on design options and features at our KB Home Studios. The increase also reflected our emphasis on pricing discipline to balance sales pace and the selling prices of our homes in our communities open for sales; our leveraging of our KBnxt operational business model to generate incremental revenues from lot location, floor plan, home exterior elevation, structural and other premiums; and general market increases in home prices as the housing recovery has progressed.
Operating Income (Loss). Our homebuilding operating income improved by $112.4 million to $92.1 million in 2013, compared to an operating loss of $20.3 million in 2012, reflecting higher housing gross profits, partly offset by higher selling, general and administrative expenses largely incurred to support our strategic growth initiatives. As a percentage of homebuilding revenues, our operating income was 4.4% in 2013, compared to an operating loss of 1.3% in 2012.
Housing Gross Profits. Housing gross profits of $347.8 million in 2013 increased by $131.4 million, or 61%, from $216.4 million in 2012, primarily due to the higher volume of homes delivered and a higher housing gross profit margin. Our housing gross profit margin improved by 270 basis points to 16.7% in 2013 from 14.0% in 2012. Our housing gross profits for 2013 included a net charge of $32.0 million for water intrusion-related repairs at certain of our communities in central and southwest Florida, and $3.6 million of inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges. In 2012, our housing gross profits included insurance recoveries of $26.5 million related to repair costs and costs to handle claims with respect to previously delivered homes, including homes affected by allegedly defective drywall manufactured in China, and favorable net warranty adjustments of $8.6 million that reflected trends in our overall warranty claims experience. The insurance recoveries and favorable warranty adjustments were mostly offset by inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges of $28.5 million. Our adjusted housing gross profit margin improved by 490 basis points to 18.4% in 2013 from 13.5% in 2012. The calculation of adjusted housing gross profit margin, which we believe provides a clearer measure of the performance of our business, is described below under “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” The year-over-year improvement in our adjusted housing gross profit margin primarily reflected our sharpened focus on reaching our growth and profitability goals and our actions to generate greater operating efficiencies, partly offset by the impact of higher direct construction labor and material costs in 2013.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $19.2 million, or 8%, to $255.8 million in 2013 from $236.6 million in 2012, reflecting, among other things, the increased volume of homes delivered and higher housing revenues generated in 2013. Selling, general and administrative expenses for 2013 included the reversal of a previously established accrual of $8.2 million due to a favorable court decision. In 2012, selling, general and administrative expenses included an $8.8 million charge related to an unfavorable court decision in the same matter. As a percentage of housing revenues, to which these expenses are most closely correlated, selling, general and administrative expenses improved to 12.3% in 2013, compared to 15.3% in 2012, mainly due to the 35% year-over-year increase in housing revenues and our ongoing focus on containing our overhead costs to the extent possible.
Interest Expense. Interest expense of $62.7 million for 2013 decreased from $69.8 million for 2012, reflecting an increase in the amount of our inventory qualifying for interest capitalization in 2013. Interest expense in 2013 included a $10.4 million loss on the early extinguishment of debt associated with the retirement of certain of our senior notes due in 2014 and 2015, as discussed above. In 2012, interest expense included a $10.3 million loss on the early extinguishment of debt associated with the purchase of certain of our senior notes due 2014 and 2015 pursuant to the

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applicable tender offers that were initially made on January 19, 2012 (the “January 2012 Tender Offers”) and on July 11, 2012 (the “July 2012 Tender Offers”).
Net Income (Loss). We generated net income of $40.0 million, or $.46 per diluted share, in 2013, compared to a net loss of $59.0 million, or $.76 per diluted share, in 2012. Our net income for 2013 included net water intrusion-related charges, a loss on the early extinguishment of debt, inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges, and the reversal of a previously established accrual, all as described above. Our 2013 net income also included an income tax benefit of $1.6 million, reflecting the resolution of a state tax audit. Our net loss for 2012 included inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges of $28.5 million, a loss on the early extinguishment of debt of $10.3 million, and an unfavorable court decision charge of $8.8 million, which were partly offset by insurance recoveries of $26.5 million and favorable net warranty adjustments of $8.6 million, all as described above. The net loss in 2012 also included an income tax benefit of $20.1 million, reflecting the resolution of federal and state tax audits.
Balance Sheet
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash. Our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash totaled $572.0 million at November 30, 2013, compared to $567.1 million at November 30, 2012. Of our total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at November 30, 2013 and 2012, $530.1 million and $524.8 million, respectively, were unrestricted. In 2013, our operating activities used net cash of $443.5 million, compared to $34.6 million of net cash provided in 2012, largely due to investment in land and land development that drove our inventories higher at November 30, 2013 compared to the level at November 30, 2012.
Inventories. Reflecting our investment in land and land development of $1.14 billion in 2013, our inventory balance at November 30, 2013 grew to $2.30 billion compared to the $1.71 billion balance at November 30, 2012. We made investments in land and land development, we made additional progress in eachexpanding our community count and positioning our communities in attractive locations to sustain the upward momentum of our homebuilding reporting segmentsbusiness in 2013, with the majority made2015 and beyond. Our average community count in 2015 rose 22% on a year-over-year basis, which helped drive measurable increases in our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment. We ended 2013 with a land inventory portfolio comprised of 61,095 lots owned or controlled, representing an increase of 37% from the 44,752 lots owned or controlled at November 30, 2012.
Mortgages and Notes Payable. Our debt balance was $2.15 billion at November 30, 2013, up from $1.72 billion at November 30, 2012. This increase reflected the underwritten public issuances of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021, partly offset by the retirement of $215.1 million in aggregate principal amount of certain of our senior notes due in 2014 and 2015. Our ratio of debt to total capital was 80.0% at November 30, 2013, compared to 82.1% at November 30, 2012. Our ratio of net debt to total capital (a calculation that is described below under “Non-GAAP Financial Measures”) was 74.6% at November 30, 2013 and 75.4% at November 30, 2012.
Stockholders’ Equity. Our stockholders’ equity increased to $536.1 million at November 30, 2013 from $376.8 million at November 30, 2012, primarily due to the Common Stock Offering and net income we generated in 2013, partly offset by the cash dividends we paid on our common stock.
Net Orders and Backlog
Net Orders. Net orders from our homebuilding operations increased 6% to 7,125 in 2013 from 6,703 in 2012. This growth in our overall net orders, reflected increasesnet order value and backlog levels. Our 2015 ending community count of 14%, 12% and 21% in247 was 9% higher than our Southwest, Central and Southeast homebuilding reporting segments, respectively, partly offset by a 12% decrease in2014 year-end number.
With our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment.
The year-over-year decline in net orders from our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment was largely due to a 23% decrease in the averageexpanded year-end community count in this segment, as we sold through older communities and shifted our investment strategy to favor coastal California submarkets. We also experienced delays in opening new communities, which in some cases were due to extended municipal processing times from increased construction activity and reduced local government budget and staffing levels. In addition, we deliberately managed our sales pace in 2013 in certain higher-margin, higher-demand communities in California to drive profitability.
Rising mortgage loan interest rates and home price levels, and a drop in consumer confidence leading up to and during the federal government shutdown in the fall of 2013, slowed net order activity somewhat in all of our homebuilding reporting segments in the second half of the year as compared to the first half.
The overall value of the net orders we generated in 2013 increased 24% to $2.16 billion from $1.73 billion in 2012, largely due to higher average selling prices in each of our homebuilding reporting segments. Each of our homebuilding reporting segments generated year-over-year increases in net order value in 2013, with our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment up 14% to $976.1 million, our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment up 42% to $191.1

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million, our Central homebuilding reporting segment up 31% to $636.9 million, and our Southeast homebuilding reporting segment up 39% to $352.9 million.
Our cancellation rate was 32% in 2013, compared to 31% in 2012.
Backlog. Our backlog was comprised of 2,557 homes, representing potential future housing revenues of $682.5 million, at November 30, 2013,current plans for new investments in land and 2,577 homes, representing potential future housing revenues of $618.6 million, at November 30, 2012. Theland development; the year-over-year increases in the number of homes in our ending backlog was essentially flat year over year, reflecting a 39% decrease in our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment that was offset by increases of 10%, 16%, and 7% in our Southwest, Central and Southeast homebuilding reporting segments, respectively. In our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, the number of homes incorresponding backlog value at November 30, 2013 decreased from the previous year due to a year-over-year decline in net orders, as described above. The potential future housing revenues in our backlog at November 30, 2013 increased 10% from the prior year, primarily reflecting the higher overall average selling price of the homes in backlog. Backlog value increased in2015, each of which reached their highest year-end levels since 2007; and our homebuilding reporting segments, exceptexpectation of positive housing market conditions in the coming year, we believe we are well-positioned for the West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, where the backlog value decreased by 17% year over year reflecting the lower number offurther growth in 2016, including in homes in backlog, partly offset by a higher average selling price. Substantially all of the homes in our backlog at November 30, 2013 are expected to be delivered during the year ended November 30, 2014.
and revenues.
The following table presents information concerningprovides a summary of the current-year and potential future productivity of our operating platform in terms of our net orders, net order value, cancellation rate, ending backlog, and community count for the years ended November 30, 20132015 and 20122014 (dollars in thousands):

25



 Years Ended November 30, Years Ended November 30,
 2013 2012 2015 2014
Net orders 7,125
 6,703
 9,253
 7,567
Net order value(a) $2,157,065
 $1,733,146
 $3,255,170
 $2,579,951
Cancellation rate(b) 32% 31% 27% 31%
Ending backlog — homes 2,557
 2,577
 3,966
 2,909
Ending backlog — value $682,489
 $618,626
 $1,281,478
 $914,025
Ending community count 191
 172
 247
 227
Average community count 182
 180
 244
 200
(a)Net order value represents the potential future housing revenues associated with net orders generated during the period as well as homebuyer spending on design studio options and upgrades for homes in backlog during the same period.
(b)The cancellation rates represent the total number of contracts for new homes canceled during a period divided by the total (gross) orders for new homes generated during the same period.
Effective December 1, 2012, we revisedNet Orders. In 2015, net orders from our homebuilding operations increased 22% from 2014, largely due to the methodology for determiningyear-over-year growth in our average community count. BasedThe combination of higher net orders and a higher overall average selling price resulted in the value of our 2015 net orders increasing 26% from 2014. Our cancellation rate also improved on our current methodology, an approach used by many other public homebuilders, our community count represents thea year-over-year basis in 2015.
Backlog. The number of new home communities withhomes in our backlog at least five homes/lots leftNovember 30, 2015 rose 36% from the previous year, largely due to sellthe year-over-year increase in our net orders in 2015. The potential future housing revenues in our backlog at November 30, 2015 grew 40% from the end of a reporting period. Previously, our community count representedprior year, reflecting the larger number of new home communities with at least one home/lot left to sell athomes in our backlog and the end of a reporting period. Community count information for all periods presented in this report reflects our current methodology.
Our higher average selling price of those homes. Substantially all of the homes in our backlog at November 30, 2015 are expected to be delivered during the year ending November 30, 2016.
Community Count. The year-over-year growth in our overall average and ending community count in 2013 comparedcounts was primarily due to 2012 reflected the impact of our increasedstrong inventory pipeline we have strategically built over the past few years through substantial investment in land and land development during 2013. Our average community count increased on a year-over-year basisand by increasing the proportion of those investments dedicated to land development. While we moderated our overall investment level in each2015 to $967.2 million from $1.47 billion in 2014, approximately 68% of our homebuilding reporting segments, except for our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, where there was a 23% decreasetotal investment in the average community countcurrent year related to land development, compared to approximately 46% in the previous year, reflecting our emphasis in 2015 on converting our owned land into new communities open for the reasons discussed above. However, the ending community countsales to promote growth in our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment as of November 30, 2013 increased 5% from the prior year. Overall, our ending community count as of November 30, 2013 increased 11% to 191 from 172 as of November 30, 2012. With the substantial inventory-related investments we made in 2013,net orders, backlog, homes delivered and the investments we are planning to make in 2014, we expect that our overall community count will increase in 2014.revenues.


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HOMEBUILDING
We have grouped our homebuilding activities into four reportable segments, which we refer to as West Coast, Southwest, Central and Southeast. As of November 30, 2013, our homebuilding reporting segments consisted of ongoing operations located in the following states: West Coast — California; Southwest — Arizona, Nevada and New Mexico; Central — Colorado and Texas; and Southeast — Florida, Maryland, North Carolina and Virginia.
The following table presents a summary of certain financial and operational data for our homebuilding operations (dollars in thousands, except average selling price):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Revenues:          
Housing$2,084,103
 $1,548,432
 $1,305,299
$2,908,236
 $2,369,633
 $2,084,103
Land875
 
 263
112,751
 20,010
 875
Total2,084,978
 1,548,432
 1,305,562
3,020,987
 2,389,643
 2,084,978
Costs and expenses:          
Construction and land costs          
Housing(1,736,320) (1,332,045) (1,157,080)(2,433,683) (1,940,100) (1,736,320)
Land(766) 
 (200)(105,685) (45,551) (766)
Total(1,737,086) (1,332,045) (1,157,280)(2,539,368) (1,985,651) (1,737,086)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(255,808) (236,643) (220,591)(342,998) (288,023) (255,808)
Loss on loan guaranty
 
 (30,765)
Total(1,992,894) (1,568,688) (1,408,636)(2,882,366) (2,273,674) (1,992,894)
Operating income (loss)$92,084
 $(20,256) $(103,074)
Operating income$138,621
 $115,969
 $92,084
Homes delivered7,145
 6,282
 5,812
8,196
 7,215
 7,145
Average selling price$291,700
 $246,500
 $224,600
$354,800
 $328,400
 $291,700
Housing gross profit margin as a percentage of housing revenues16.7% 14.0 % 11.4 %16.3% 18.1% 16.7%
Adjusted housing gross profit margin as a percentage of housing revenues18.4% 13.5 % 12.8 %21.0% 22.5% 22.6%
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of housing revenues12.3% 15.3 % 16.9 %11.8% 12.2% 12.3%
Operating income (loss) as a percentage of homebuilding revenues4.4% (1.3)% (7.9)%
Operating income as a percentage of homebuilding revenues4.6% 4.9% 4.4%
The following tables present homes delivered, net orders, cancellation rates, net order value, average community count, and ending backlog (number of homes and value) by homebuilding reporting segment (dollars in thousands):
  Years Ended November 30,
  Homes Delivered Net Orders Cancellation Rates
Segment 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014
West Coast 2,258
 1,913
 2,403
 2,086
 21% 21%
Southwest 1,311
 736
 1,592
 872
 22
 25
Central 3,183
 3,098
 3,536
 3,239
 33
 37
Southeast 1,444
 1,468
 1,722
 1,370
 26
 34
Total 8,196
 7,215
 9,253
 7,567
 27% 31%



27



  Years Ended November 30,
  Net Order Value Average Community Count
Segment 2015 2014 Variance 2015 2014 Variance
West Coast $1,378,644
 $1,217,590
 13% 53
 43
 23%
Southwest 455,918
 230,632
 98
 37
 21
 76
Central 943,568
 755,684
 25
 93
 84
 11
Southeast 477,040
 376,045
 27
 61
 52
 17
Total $3,255,170
 $2,579,951
 26% 244
 200
 22%
             
             
  November 30,
  Backlog – Homes Backlog – Value
Segment 2015 2014 Variance 2015 2014 Variance
West Coast 738
 593
 24% $407,972
 $355,651
 15%
Southwest 605
 324
 87
 167,425
 82,140
 104
Central 1,842
 1,489
 24
 494,836
 334,007
 48
Southeast 781
 503
 55
 211,245
 142,227
 49
Total 3,966
 2,909
 36% $1,281,478
 $914,025
 40%
Revenues. Homebuilding revenues totaled $2.08$3.02 billion in 2013, increasing 35%2015, up 26% from $1.55 billion in 2012,2014, which had increased 19%15% from $1.31 billion2013. The year-over-year increases in 2011. In 2013 and 2011, nearly all of our homebuilding revenues were generated fromin 2015 and 2014 reflected growth in our housing operations, with a nominal amount ofand land sale revenues produced from land sales in each year. Our homebuildingof those years.
Housing revenues in 2012 were generated entirely2015 grew 23% from housing operations.
The year-over-year increase in housing revenues in 2013 reflectedthe previous year, reflecting a 14% increase in the number of homes delivered and an 18%8% increase in the overall average selling price of those homes. In 2012,2014, housing revenues increasedrose 14% from 20112013 due to an 8%a 1% increase in the number of homes delivered and a 10%13% increase in the overall average selling price.
We delivered a total of 7,1458,196 homes in 2013,2015, up from 6,2827,215 homes delivered in 2014. This increase primarily reflected the 14% higher backlog we had at the beginning of 2015 as compared to the previous year. Theyear and the 22% increase in our net orders during the year. In 2014, the number of homes delivered was largely due torose from 7,145 in 2013 mainly as a result of 6% growth in our higher backlog atnet orders during the beginning of the year, which was up 20% on a year-over-year basis. Within our homebuilding reporting segments, the numberyear. The overall average selling price of homes delivered advanced to $354,800 in 20132015 from $328,400 in 2014, which had increased by 12%, 8%, 11% and 27%from $291,700 in our West Coast, Southwest, Central and Southeast homebuilding reporting segments, respectively, in each case as compared to the year-earlier period.2013.
In 2012, we delivered 6,282 homes, up from 5,812 homes delivered in 2011. The increase in the number of homes delivered was partly due to our relatively higher backlog at the beginning of 2012, which was up 61% on a year-over-year basis largely as

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a result of a 39% increase in net orders in the latter half of 2011. Within our homebuilding reporting segments, the number of homes delivered in 2012 increased by 11%, 19% and 3% in our West Coast, Central and Southeast homebuilding reporting segments, respectively, and decreased by 19% in our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment, in each case as compared to the year-earlier period. The decrease in homes delivered in our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment reflected a reduction in our investments in certain underperforming locations in the segment and the significant downsizing of our business in Arizona during 2011 and into 2012, each part of an overall strategic repositioning of our operations to focus on better-performing markets.
The overall average selling price of homes delivered increased to $291,700on a year-over-year basis in 2013, up $45,200, or 18%, from $246,500 in 2012. The higher average selling price in 2013 reflectedboth 2015 and 2014 as a result of our efforts over the past few years to strategically positioncontinued strategic focus on positioning our new home communities in submarkets where buyers have higher household income levels and stronger credit profiles, are choosing to purchaseattractive, land-constrained locations featuring higher-income homebuyers who prefer larger homes at higher price points and are spendingprefer to include more onlot and product premiums and design options and features atupgrades with the construction of their homes; higher median home selling prices; our KB Home Studios. The increase also reflected our emphasis on pricing disciplineactions to balance home selling prices and sales pace to optimize revenues and the selling prices of our homesprofits; and generally favorable market conditions.
Our land sale revenues totaled $112.8 million in our communities open for sales; our leveraging of our KBnxt operational business model to generate incremental2015, $20.0 million in 2014 and $.9 million in 2013. The substantial increase in land sale revenues from lot, floor plan, home exterior elevation, structural and other premiums; and general market increases in home prices as the housing recovery has progressed. Compared to the previous year,2015 reflected activity in each of our four homebuilding reporting segments posted a double-digit increase in average selling price for 2013, with increases ranging from 13% inas part of an ongoing focus on improving our Southeast homebuilding reporting segmentasset efficiency by executing on targeted opportunities to 22% in our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment. In our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, the average selling price increased 20% year over year largely due to a shift in our geographic mix toward communities located in coastal submarkets in California, which feature generally higher selling prices and demand for homes as compared to inland submarkets in the state.
In 2012, our overall average selling price of homes delivered increased to $246,500 from $224,600 in 2011, primarily due to changes in community and product mix, as we delivered more homes from markets with economic and consumer demand dynamics that supported larger homes and higher average selling prices. Our higher average selling prices of homes delivered reflected year-over-year increases of 16%, 17% and 5% in our West Coast, Southwest and Southeast homebuilding reporting segments, respectively. In our Central homebuilding reporting segment, the average selling price of homes delivered in 2012 remained essentially even with 2011.
Land sale revenues totaled $.9 million in 2013 and $.3 million in 2011. We had nomonetize certain land positions. The land sales in 2012.2015 were mainly comprised of the sale of a large land parcel in northern California and sales of certain land previously held for future development. Generally, land sale revenues fluctuate with our decisions to maintain or decrease our land ownership position in certain markets based upon the volume of our holdings, our marketing strategy, the strength and number of competing developers enteringand other land buyers in particular markets at given points in time, the availability of land at reasonable prices and prevailing market conditions.
Operating Income (Loss).Income. Our homebuilding business generated operating income of $92.1increased 20% to $138.6 million in 2013, an improvement2015 compared to $116.0 million in 2014, which had increased 26% from operating losses of $20.3$92.1 million in 2012 and $103.1 million in 2011.2013. Our homebuilding operating income as a percentage of homebuilding revenues was 4.6% in 2015, 4.9% in 2014 and 4.4% in 2013. OurThe year-over-year growth in our homebuilding operating loss as a percentage of homebuilding revenues was 1.3% in 2012 and 7.9% in 2011.
The following table presents a summary of charges and other items included in our operating income (loss) (in thousands):
  Years Ended November 30,
  2013 2012 2011
Inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges $(3,581) $(28,533) $(25,791)
Water intrusion-related charges (31,959) (2,576) 
Warranty adjustments 
 11,162
 7,446
Court decision reversal (charge) 8,164
 (8,764) 
Insurance and legal expense recoveries 
 26,534
 8,307
Gain on sale of operating property 
 
 8,825
Total $(27,376) $(2,177) $(1,213)
In 2013, our operating incomefor 2015 reflected higher housing gross profits and improved land sale results that were partly offset by higher selling, general and administrative expenses. OurIn 2014, the increase in our homebuilding operating income from the previous year was primarily due to higher housing gross profits that were partially offset by higher selling, general and administrative expenses and land sale losses.

28



In 2015, our housing gross profits increased by $45.0 million, or 10%, from $429.5 million in 2014 due to the higher volume of homes delivered, partly offset by a lower housing gross profit margin. Housing gross profits for 20132015 included $9.6 million of inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges. In 2014, our housing gross profits increased by $81.7 million, or 24%, from $347.8 million increased by $131.4 million, or 61%, from $216.4 million forin the previous year primarily due to the higher volume of homes delivered and a higher housing gross profit margin. Housing gross profits for 2014 included $12.8 million of inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges. In 2013, housing gross profits included a net warranty charge of $32.0 million for water intrusion-related repairs of homes at certain of our communities in central and southwest Florida, as discussed in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, and $3.6$3.6 million of inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges.
Our 2013housing gross profit margin decreased 180 basis points to 16.3% in 2015 from 18.1% in the previous year, primarily due to higher land, land development and construction costs (approximately 210 basis points) and an increase in the amortization of previously capitalized interest (approximately 60 basis points). The impact of these items was partly offset by a decrease in inventory-related charges (approximately 30 basis points) and improved operating leverage as a result of our higher volume of homes delivered and revenues compared to 2014 (approximately 60 basis points). Our 2014 housing gross profit margin improved by 270 percentage140 basis points as compared to 16.7% from 14.0% in 2012. Our adjusted housing gross profit margin was 18.4% in 2013, up 490reflecting decreases in warranty-related charges (approximately 150 basis points from 13.5% in 2012.

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Tablepoints), land, land development and construction costs (approximately 50 basis points), and the amortization of Contents

In 2012, the year-over-year improvement in our operating results was primarily due to higher housing gross profits, partly offset by higher selling, general and administrative expenses. The year-over-year improvement in 2012 also reflected the $30.8 million loss on loan guaranty recorded in 2011 related to our investment in a residential development joint venture located near Las Vegas, Nevada that underwent a bankruptcy reorganization in that year as discussed in Note 9. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. Our housing gross profits for 2012 increased by $68.2 million from $148.2 million for 2011, primarily due to the higher volume of homes delivered. Housing gross profits for 2012 included $26.5 million of insurance recoveries related to repair costs and costs to handle claims with respect to previously delivered homes, including homes affected by allegedly defective drywall manufactured in China, and favorable net warranty adjustments of $8.6 million that reflected trends in our overall warranty claims experience.capitalized interest (approximately 40 basis points). The impact of these items was mostlypartly offset by inventory impairmentan increase in start-up field overhead costs associated with new community openings (approximately 40 basis points), higher inventory-related charges (approximately 40 basis points), and land option contract abandonment charges of $28.5 millionother items (approximately 20 basis points). OurSales incentives did not have a significant impact on our year-over-year housing gross profit margin was 14.0%comparisons in 2012, compared to 11.4%2015 or 2014.
Excluding the amortization of previously capitalized interest associated with housing operations of $126.8 million, $90.8 million and $87.4 million in 2011. Our2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and the above-mentioned inventory-related and warranty-related charges in the applicable periods, our adjusted housing gross profit margin was 13.5%decreased 150 basis points to 21.0% in 2012 and 12.8%2015 from 22.5% in 2011. In 2011, our housing gross profits included $25.7 million of inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges,2014, which were partly offset by $7.4 million of favorable warranty adjustments.had decreased slightly from 22.6% in 2013.
Our land sales generated incomeprofits of $7.1 million in 2015, losses of $25.5 million in 2014 and profits of $.1 million in both 2013 and in 2011. We had no land sale income in 2012.2013. The land sale results in 20112014 included inventory impairment charges of $.1$26.6 million related to planned futurethen-planned land sales.sales, all of which had closed as of November 30, 2015.
As discussed in Note 7. Inventory Impairments and Land Option Contract Abandonments in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, each community or land parcel in our owned inventory is assessed to determine if indicators of potential impairment exist. Based on our evaluations, we recognized total inventory impairment charges for inventory impairments of $8.0 million in 2015, $37.6 million in 2014 and $.4 million in 2013, $28.1 million in 2012 and$22.7 million in 2011. The higher level of inventory impairment charges in 2012 and 2011, compared to 2013, reflected challenging economic and housing market conditions in certain of our served markets in each of those years. In addition, the inventory impairment charges we recognized in 2012 were partly due to changes to our operational or selling strategy for certain communities in an effort to accelerate sales pace and/or our return on investment. In 2011, the inventory impairment charges included an $18.1 million adjustment to the fair value of real estate collateral that we took back on a note receivable.
Also as discussed in Note 7. Inventory Impairments and Land Option Contract Abandonments in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, when we decide not to exercise certain land option contracts or other similar contracts due to market conditions and/or changes in our marketing strategy, we write off the related inventory costs, including non-refundable deposits and unrecoverable pre-acquisition costs. Based on the results of our assessments, we recognizedcontract abandonment charges associated with land option contractsof $1.6 million in 2015, $1.8 million in 2014 and other similar contracts of $3.2 million in 2013, $.4 million in 2012 and $3.1 million in 2011. Inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges are included in construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations.2013.
Deterioration in the supply and demand factors in the overall housing market or in an individual market, or changes to our operational or selling strategy at certain communities may lead to additional inventory impairment charges, future charges associated with land sales or the abandonment of land option contracts or other similar contracts related to certain assets. Due to the nature or location of the projects, land held for future development that we activate as part of our strategic growth initiatives or to accelerate sales pace and/or our return on investment may have a somewhat greater likelihood of being impaired than other of our active inventory.
Selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $255.8$343.0 million in 2013,2015, up from $236.6$288.0 million in 2012,2014, which had increased from $220.6$255.8 million in 2011.2013. The year-over-year increaseincreases in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2013 was due to costs2015 and 2014 mainly reflected higher variable expenses associated with the increased volume ofincreases in both homes delivered and revenues. Also contributing to the year-over-year increase in 2015 were higher housing revenues generated duringstaffing levels and new community and related operating platform investments to support both our community count expansion strategy and anticipated growth in homes delivered, the acceleration of compensation expense associated with stock options due to certain recipients meeting retirement provisions, and legal settlements. In 2013, partly offsetselling, general and administrative expenses were favorably impacted by the reversal of a previously established accrual of $8.2 million due to a favorable court decision. In 2012, the year-over-year increase was largely due to an unfavorable court decision charge of $8.8 million in the same matter, and costs associated with the year-over-year increase in the volume of homes delivered, partly offset by cost-saving initiatives. The unfavorable court decision charge in 2012 and the reversal of the related accrual in 2013 are discussed in Note 16. Legal Matters in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. Selling, general and administrative expenses for 2011 included a gain on the sale of operating property of $8.8 million and the favorable impact of legal expense recoveries of $8.3 million. As a percentage of housing revenues, to which these expenses are most closely correlated, selling, general and administrative expenses were 12.3%11.8% in 2013, 15.3%2015, 12.2% in 20122014 and 16.9%12.3% in 2011.2013. The percentagepercentages improved on a year-over-year basis in 2013 compared to 2012, mainlyboth 2015 and 2014 primarily due to the35% year-over-year increase in our housing revenues in each of those years and our ongoing focus on containing our overhead costs to the extent possible. In 2012, the percentage improved from 2011, primarily due to the 19% increase in our housing revenues.
Loss on Loan Guaranty. The loss on loan guaranty of $30.8 million recognized in 2011 related to the Nevada joint venture noted above and reflected the consummation of the consensual plan of reorganization of the venture, known as South Edge, that was confirmed by a bankruptcy court in November 2011 and included, among other things, the elimination of a contingent payment guaranty that we had provided to the administrative agent for the lenders to South Edge.

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Interest Income. Interest income, which is generated from short-term investments, totaled $.8$.5 million in 2013, $.52015, $.4 million in 20122014 and $.9$.8 million in 2011.2013. Generally, increases and decreases in interest income are attributable to changes in the interest-bearing average balances of short-term investments and fluctuations in interest rates.
Interest Expense. Interest expense results principally from borrowings to finance land purchases, housing inventory and other operating and capital needs. Our interest expense, net of amounts capitalized, totaled $62.7decreased to $21.9 million in 2013, $69.82015 compared to $30.8 million in 2012 and $49.22014, which had decreased from $62.7 million in 2011. Interest expense for 2013 included a $10.4 million loss on the early extinguishment of debt as a result2013. The year-over-year decrease in each of the retirement of $215.1 million in aggregate principal amount of certain of our senior notes dueyears ended November 30, 2015 and 2014 and 2015 through a combination of purchases made pursuant to the applicable October 2013 Tender Offers and redemptions. Interest expense for 2012 included a $10.3 million loss on the early extinguishment of debt as a result of completing the applicable January 2012 and July 2012 Tender Offers, while interest expense for 2011 included a $3.6 million gain on the early extinguishment of secured debt.
Gross interest incurred during 2013 increased by $16.4 million to $149.1 million from $132.7 million in 2012, primarily due toreflected an increase in interest incurred, stemming from our higher average debt level, andthat was more than offset by an increase in the amount of interest capitalized due to a higher amount of inventory qualifying for interest capitalization. Also contributing to the year-over-year decrease in 2014 was the inclusion of a $10.4 million loss on the early extinguishment of debt in 2013.2013 as a result of our retiring certain of our senior notes that were scheduled to mature in 2014 and 2015. The increase in the amount of inventory qualifying for capitalization during 2015 and 2014 was primarily due to our

29



substantial investments in land and land development during those years, as well as the activation of land previously held for future development.
Interest incurred rose 9% to $186.9 million in 2015 from $171.5 million in 2014, which rose 15% from $149.1 million in 2013, due to our higher average debt outstanding in 2015 and 2014, respectively. We capitalized $165.0 million, $140.8 million and $86.4 million of the interest incurred in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The percentage of interest capitalized was 88% in 2015, 82% in 2014 and 62% in 2013, 51% in 2012 and 54% in 2011.2013. The percentage of interest capitalized generally fluctuates based on the amount of our inventory qualifying for interest capitalization. Gross interest incurred during 2012 increased by $20.7 million
Interest amortized to $132.7 million from $112.0construction and land costs totaled $143.3 million in 2011 as a result2015, $90.8 million in 2014 and $87.4 million in 2013. The year-over-year increases in interest amortized in 2015 and 2014 reflected increases in the number of homes delivered and higher construction and land costs attributable to those homes. Additionally, interest amortized in 2015 included $16.4 million of amortization of previously capitalized interest related to land sales that occurred during the $10.3 million loss onyear. Further information regarding our interest capitalized to inventories and interest amortized to construction and land costs is provided in Note 6. Inventories in the early extinguishment of debtNotes to Consolidated Financial Statements in 2012, compared to the $3.6 million gain on the early extinguishment of secured debt in 2011, a higher average debt level in 2012 and the higher interest rates on the senior notes we issued in 2012 compared to the interest rates on the senior notes we purchased under the applicable January 2012 and July 2012 Tender Offers.this report.
Equity in LossIncome (Loss) of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. Our unconsolidated joint ventures operate in various markets, typically where our homebuilding operations are located. These unconsolidated joint ventures posted combined revenues of $17.4 million in 2013, $31.8 million in 2012 and $.2 million in 2011. All of the revenues in 2013 and 2012 were generated from land sales completed by an unconsolidated joint venture in Maryland. Activities performed by our unconsolidated joint ventures generally include acquiring, developing and selling land, and, in some cases, constructing and delivering homes. Our unconsolidated joint ventures delivered no homes in 2013 or 2012, and one home in 2011. Our unconsolidated joint ventures generated combined income of $2.7 million in 2013 and $8.3 million in 2012, compared to combined losses of $4.3 million in 2011. Our equity in loss of unconsolidated joint ventures totaled $2.0was $1.8 million in 2015 and $2.0 million in 2013, $.4 million in 2012 and$55.8 million in 2011. In 2011, our equity in lossincome of unconsolidated joint ventures was significantly higher compared to 2013 and 2012, mainly due to$.7 million in 2014. In 2014, our equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures included a charge$3.2 million gain on the sale of $53.7 million incurredour interest in 2011 to write offan unconsolidated joint venture in Maryland. Further information regarding our remaining investmentinvestments in South Edge, as discussedunconsolidated joint ventures is provided in Note 9. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. There were no such charges in 2013 or 2012.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
This report contains information about our adjusted housing gross profit margin and our ratio of net debt to total capital, both of which are not calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). We believe these non-GAAP financial measures are relevant and useful to investors in understanding our operations and the leverage employed in our operations, and may be helpful in comparing us with other companies in the homebuilding industry to the extent they provide similar information. However, because the adjusted housing gross profit margin and the ratio of net debt to total capital are not calculated in accordance with GAAP, these financial measures may not be completely comparable to other companies in the homebuilding industry and thus, should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to operating performance and/or financial measures prescribed by GAAP. Rather, these non-GAAP financial measures should be used to supplement their respective most directly comparable GAAP financial measures in order to provide a greater understanding of the factors and trends affecting our operations.
Adjusted Housing Gross Profit Margin. The following table reconciles our housing gross profit margin calculated in accordance with GAAP to the non-GAAP financial measure of our adjusted housing gross profit margin (dollars in thousands):

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Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Housing revenues$2,084,103
 $1,548,432
 $1,305,299
$2,908,236
 $2,369,633
 $2,084,103
Housing construction and land costs(1,736,320) (1,332,045) (1,157,080)(2,433,683) (1,940,100) (1,736,320)
Housing gross profits347,783
 216,387
 148,219
474,553
 429,533
 347,783
Add: Inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges3,581
 28,533
 25,740
Water intrusion-related charges31,959
 2,576
 
Less: Warranty adjustments
 (11,162) (7,446)
Insurance recoveries
 (26,534) 
Add: Amortization of previously capitalized interest (a)126,817
 90,804
 87,414
Inventory-related charges (b)9,591
 12,788
 3,581
Warranty-related charges
 
 31,959
Adjusted housing gross profits$383,323
 $209,800
 $166,513
$610,961
 $533,125
 $470,737
Housing gross profit margin as a percentage of housing revenues16.7% 14.0% 11.4%16.3% 18.1% 16.7%
Adjusted housing gross profit margin as a percentage of housing revenues18.4% 13.5% 12.8%21.0% 22.5% 22.6%
(a)Represents the amortization of previously capitalized interest associated with housing operations.
(b)Represents inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges associated with housing operations.
Adjusted housing gross profit margin is a non-GAAP financial measure, which we calculate by dividing housing revenues less housing construction and land costs excluding (1) amortization of previously capitalized interest associated with housing operations, (2) housing inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges water intrusion-relatedand (3) warranty-related charges warranty adjustments and insurance recoveries (as

30



applicable) associated with housing operations recorded during a given period, by housing revenues. The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure is housing gross profit margin. We believe adjusted housing gross profit margin is a relevant and useful financial measure to investors in evaluating our performance as it measures the gross profitprofits we generated specifically on the homes delivered during a given periodperiod. This non-GAAP financial measure isolates the impact that the amortization of previously capitalized interest associated with housing operations, housing inventory impairment and enhances the comparability ofland option contract abandonment charges, and warranty-related charges have on housing gross profit margin between periods. This financial measure assists usmargins, and allows investors to make comparisons with our competitors that adjust housing gross profit margins in making strategic decisions regarding product mix, product pricing and construction pace.a similar manner. We also believe investors will find adjusted housing gross profit margin relevant and useful because it represents a profitability measure that may be compared to a prior period without regard to variability of amortization of previously capitalized interest associated with housing operations, housing inventory impairmentsimpairment and land option contract abandonment charges, water intrusion-related charges, warranty adjustments and insurance recoveries.warranty-related charges. This financial measure assists us in making strategic decisions regarding community location and product mix, product pricing and construction pace.
Ratio of Net Debt to Total Capital. The following table reconciles our ratio of debt to total capital calculated in accordance with GAAP to the non-GAAP financial measure of our ratio of net debt to total capital (dollars in thousands):
November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Mortgages and notes payable$2,150,498
 $1,722,815
Notes payable$2,625,536
 $2,576,525
Stockholders’ equity536,086
 376,806
1,690,834
 1,595,910
Total capital$2,686,584
 $2,099,621
$4,316,370
 $4,172,435
Ratio of debt to total capital80.0% 82.1%
Ratio of debt to capital60.8% 61.8%
      
Mortgages and notes payable$2,150,498
 $1,722,815
Notes payable$2,625,536
 $2,576,525
Less: Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash(572,001) (567,127)(568,386) (383,601)
Net debt1,578,497
 1,155,688
2,057,150
 2,192,924
Stockholders’ equity536,086
 376,806
1,690,834
 1,595,910
Total capital$2,114,583
 $1,532,494
$3,747,984
 $3,788,834
Ratio of net debt to total capital74.6% 75.4%
Ratio of net debt to capital54.9% 57.9%
The ratio of net debt to total capital is a non-GAAP financial measure, which we calculate by dividing mortgages and notes payable, net of homebuilding cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, by total capital (mortgages and notes(notes payable, net of homebuilding cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, plus stockholders’ equity). The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure is the ratio of debt to total capital. We believe the ratio of net debt to total capital is a relevant and useful financial measure to investors in understanding the leverage employed in our operations.

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HOMEBUILDING REPORTING SEGMENTS
West Coast. The following table presents financial information related to our West Coast homebuilding reporting segmentssegment for the years indicated (dollars in thousands)thousands, except average selling price):

31



 Years Ended November 30, Variance
 2013 2012 2011 2013 vs 2012 2012 vs 2011
West Coast:         
Revenues$1,020,218
 $755,259
 $589,387
 35 % 28 %
Construction and land costs(811,921) (664,321) (498,846) (22) (33)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(62,357) (68,651) (46,653) 9
 (47)
Operating income145,940
 22,287
 43,888
 555
 (49)
Other, net(27,676) (32,754) (24,249) 16
 (35)
Pretax income (loss)$118,264
 $(10,467) $19,639
 (a)
 (a)
          
Southwest:         
Revenues$175,252
 $132,438
 $139,872
 32 % (5)%
Construction and land costs(135,024) (107,203) (132,504) (26) 19
Selling, general and administrative expenses(17,439) (17,168) (26,366) (2) 35
Loss on loan guaranty
 
 (30,765) 
 100
Operating income (loss)22,789
 8,067
 (49,763) 182
 (a)
Other, net(19,886) (18,261) (58,502) (9) 69
Pretax income (loss)$2,903
 $(10,194) $(108,265) (a)
 91 %
          
Central:         
Revenues$565,120
 $436,407
 $369,705
 29 % 18 %
Construction and land costs(474,220) (376,024) (325,476) (26) (16)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(62,928) (52,430) (50,641) (20) (4)
Operating income (loss)27,972
 7,953
 (6,412) 252
 (a)
Other, net(5,697) (6,504) (6,512) 12
 
Pretax income (loss)$22,275
 $1,449
 $(12,924) (a)
 (a)
          
Southeast:         
Revenues$324,388
 $224,328
 $206,598
 45 % 9 %
Construction and land costs(312,733) (181,313) (194,449) (72) 7
Selling, general and administrative expenses(44,699) (30,883) (34,119) (45) 9
Operating income (loss)(33,044) 12,132
 (21,970) (a)
 155
Other, net(12,948) (13,315) (16,013) 3
 17
Pretax loss$(45,992) $(1,183) $(37,983) (a)
 97 %
 Years Ended November 30, Variance
 2015 2014 2013 2015 vs 2014 2014 vs 2013
Revenues$1,402,264
 $1,089,857
 $1,020,218
 29 % 7 %
Construction and land costs(1,179,222) (889,345) (811,921) (33) (10)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(84,875) (69,774) (62,357) (22) (12)
Operating income138,167
 130,738
 145,940
 6
 (10)
Other expense, net(10,221) (14,413) (27,676) 29
 48
Pretax income$127,946
 $116,325
 $118,264
 10 % (2) %
          
Homes delivered2,258
 1,913
 2,179
 18 % (12) %
Average selling price$587,000
 $569,700
 $467,800
 3 % 22  %
Housing gross profit margin16.4% 20.5% 20.4% (410)bps 10 bps

(a)Percentage not meaningful.

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The following table presents information concerning our housingThis segment’s revenues homes deliveredin 2015 and average selling price by homebuilding reporting segment:
Years Ended November 30, 
Housing
Revenues (in thousands)
 
Percentage of
Total
Housing
Revenues
 
Homes
Delivered
 
Percentage of
Total
Homes
Delivered
 
Average
Selling Price
2013          
West Coast $1,019,343
 49% 2,179
 31% $467,800
Southwest 175,252
 8
 738
 10
 237,500
Central 565,120
 27
 2,841
 40
 198,900
Southeast 324,388
 16
 1,387
 19
 233,900
Total $2,084,103
 100% 7,145
 100% $291,700
           
2012          
West Coast $755,259
 49% 1,945
 31% $388,300
Southwest 132,438
 9
 683
 11
 193,900
Central 436,407
 28
 2,566
 41
 170,100
Southeast 224,328
 14
 1,088
 17
 206,200
Total $1,548,432
 100% 6,282
 100% $246,500
           
2011          
West Coast $589,387
 45% 1,757
 30% $335,500
Southwest 139,762
 11
 843
 15
 165,800
Central 369,552
 28
 2,155
 37
 171,500
Southeast 206,598
 16
 1,057
 18
 195,500
Total $1,305,299
 100% 5,812
 100% $224,600
West Coast. Our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment’s total revenues for 2013 were mostly comprised of revenues from both housing operations with $.9 million of revenues generated fromand land sales. In 2012 and 2011,2014, this segment’s total revenues were generated entirely from housing operations. Housing revenues for 2013 increased 35%of $1.33 billion in 2015 rose 22% from 2012$1.09 billion in 2014 due to a 12% increaseincreases in both the number of homes delivered and a 20% increase in the average selling price of those homes. The increaseyear-over-year growth in the number of homes delivered in 2015 occurred mostly in our coastal submarkets and reflected a 48% higher number of homes in backlog at the beginning of 20132015 as compared to the previous year, partly offset by the impact of a 12% decrease in net orders in 2013 that was largely due to a 23% decrease in the average community count in this segment. The lower average community count in 2013 resulted primarily from the combination of our selling through older communities and shifting our investment strategy to favor coastal submarkets in California, and delays in opening new communities.year-earlier period. The average selling price for 20132015 rose from 2012the previous year due to the combination of a greater proportion of homes delivered from higher-priced communities located in coastal submarkets, a shift in product mix, of homes delivered to larger homes, an increase in design option revenues per home and generally rising home prices. In 2012, the 28% increase in2014, housing revenues reflectedincreased 7% from 2013 due to an 11% increase in the number of homes delivered and a 16% increase in the average selling price that was partially offset by a decrease in the number of those homes. Homeshomes delivered. The year-over-year decrease in homes delivered increased in 2012 from 2011was largely due to a higherthis segment having 39% fewer homes in backlog level at the beginning of 20122014 as compared to 2013, partly offset by the prior year.impact of a 9% increase in net orders in 2014. The average selling price for 2014 rose in 2012 primarilyfrom 2013 due to the combination of a greater proportion of homes delivered from higher-priced communities reflecting our strategic repositioning initiatives andlocated in coastal submarkets within this segment, particularly those in northern California, a changeshift in product mix of homes delivered to larger homes.home sizes, an increase in design studio option and upgrade revenues per home, and generally rising home prices. This segment generated land sale revenues of $76.8 million in 2015, primarily reflecting sales of a large parcel in northern California and a parcel located in an inland southern California submarket. There were no land sale revenues from this segment in 2014, and $.9 million of revenues from land sales in 2013.
In 2013,2015, pretax income from this segment improvedincreased by $128.7$11.6 million from the pretax loss posted for the year-earlier period, mainly due to higher housing gross profits2014, reflecting improved land sale results and lowera decrease in other expense, net, partly offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses.expenses and a decrease in housing gross profits. The housing gross profit margin increaseddeclined to 20.4%16.4% in 20132015 from 12.0%20.5% in 2012, primarily2014, mainly due to anhigher construction and land costs, a shift in product and geographic mix, including the close-out of certain higher margin communities in the latter part of 2014, and increased proportionpricing pressures in some markets, partly offset by increased operating leverage as a result of deliveries from higher-margin communities, generally rising home prices, increased leverage from the higher home delivery volume of homes delivered in 2013, and a decrease in inventory-related charges. In 2013,corresponding revenues. Inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges impacting the segment’s housing gross profit margin totaled $3.2$1.0 million in 2015 and represented .3%$4.6 million in 2014. In 2015, land sales produced profits of segment housing revenues,$6.2 million, compared to losses of $23.2 million in 2014 that reflected an inventory impairment charges of $19.2 million that represented 3% of segment housing revenues in 2012. The inventory impairment charges in 2012 reflected challenging economic and housing market conditions in certain of our served markets and changes to our operational or selling strategy for certain communities in an effort to accelerate

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sales pace and/or our return on investment. Selling, general and administrative expenses for 2013 decreased by $6.3 million from 2012 largely duecharge related to the reversal of a previously established accrual of $8.2 million due to a favorable court decision, partly offset by increased costs associated with the higher volume of homes delivered and the increased number of new community openings in 2013. In addition, selling, general and administrative expenses in 2012 included an $8.8 million unfavorable court decision charge. The unfavorable court decision charge in 2012 and the reversalthen-planned sale of the related accrual in 2013 are discussedinland southern California land parcel noted above, and as further described in Note 16. Legal Matters7. Inventory Impairments and Land Option Contract Abandonments in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. Selling, general and administrative expenses for 2015 rose from 2014 primarily due to increased variable expenses associated with the increase in both the number of homes delivered and housing revenues, and higher staffing levels to support delivery growth. Other expense, net for 2015 declined from the previous year, reflecting lower interest expense as a result of an increase in the amount of interest capitalized.
In 2014, pretax income from this segment decreased by $1.9 million from the prior year, mainly due to the above-mentioned $23.2 million land impairment charge. The year-over-year decrease in pretax income also reflected an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses, that was partly offset by higher housing gross profits and a decrease in other expense, net. The housing gross profit margin increased slightly in 2014 from 2013. The housing gross profit margin in 2014 was tempered by higher direct construction costs and an increased use of sales incentives and price reductions on completed homes in the fourth quarter as compared to the prior year. The 2013 housing gross profit margin reflected land option contract abandonment charges totaling $3.2 million. Selling, general and administrative expenses for 2014 rose $7.4 million from 2013 largely due to increased costs associated with the higher number of new community openings in 2014. Other expense, net for 2014 declined from the previous year due to a decrease inlower interest expense that resulted fromas a result of an increase in the amount of interest capitalized.

32



Southwest. The following table presents financial information related to our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment for the years indicated (dollars in thousands, except average selling price):
 Years Ended November 30, Variance
 2015 2014 2013 2015 vs 2014 2014 vs 2013
Revenues$398,242
 $199,504
 $175,252
 100 % 14 %
Construction and land costs(329,203) (162,560) (135,024) (103) (20)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(31,228) (22,069) (17,439) (42) (27)
Operating income37,811
 14,875
 22,789
 154
 (35)
Other expense, net(6,093) (8,860) (19,886) 31
 55
Pretax income$31,718
 $6,015
 $2,903
 427 % 107 %
          
Homes delivered1,311
 736
 738
 78 %  %
Average selling price$284,600
 $271,100
 $237,500
 5 % 14 %
Housing gross profit margin18.4% 18.5% 23.0% (10)bps (450)bps
In 2015, this segment’s inventory qualifying for interest capitalization.
The year-over-year decline in pretax results for this segment in 2012 primarily reflected higher selling, general and administrative expenses and an increase in other, net. Therevenues were comprised of revenues from both housing gross profit margin decreased to 12.0% in 2012 from 15.4% in 2011, primarily due to higher inventory-related charges, a shift in product mix of homes delivered and a lower proportion of deliveries from higher-margin communities, partially offset by favorable warranty adjustments. Inventory impairment charges totaled $19.2 million in 2012, compared to inventory impairmentoperations and land option contract abandonment chargessales, while revenues in 2014 and 2013 were generated entirely from housing operations. Housing revenues of $3.3$373.1 million in 2011. These charges represented 3% of segment total revenues in 2012 and less than 1% in 2011. The year-over-year increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2012 primarily reflected the unfavorable court decision charge, an increase2015 grew 87% from 2014, largely driven by increases in the number of homes delivered from both our Arizona and Nevada operations as we delivered homes from more communities in 2012, andthose markets. In addition, the impactaverage selling price of the gain recognized in 2011 on the sale of a multi-level residential building that we had operated as a rental property.
Southwest. In 2013 and 2012, our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment’s total revenues were generated solely from housing operations. In 2011, this segment’s total revenues also included land sale revenues of $.1 million. Housing revenues for 2013homes delivered increased 32% from the previous year, reflecting increasesprimarily due to a shift in the community and product mix of 8%homes delivered. Housing revenues for 2014 rose 14% from 2013 due to a 14% increase in the average selling price, with the number of homes delivered and 22% in the average selling price of those homes. The year-over-year increase in the number of homes delivered in 2013 was mostly due to the 14% increase in net orders in 2013. Most of the increase in homes delivered occurred in our Arizona operations, as a result of activating certain inventory in 2012 that was previously held for future development.essentially flat year over year. The average selling price for 20132014 increased from the year-earlier period due to a shift in community and product mix of homes delivered to higher-priced communities and larger homes within our Arizona operations, and generally rising home prices. This segment’s revenues for 2015 included revenues of $25.2 million associated with land sales in Nevada.
In 2012,2015, pretax income from this segment rose $25.7 million from the previous year as the impact of an increase in housing gross profits and a decrease in other expense, net, was partly offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses. Housing gross profits increased in 2015 primarily due to the higher volume of homes delivered as the housing gross profit margin was nearly even with 2014. In 2015, housing gross profits included $3.3 million of inventory impairment charges, while housing gross profits in 2014 included $6.4 million of such charges. Sales incentives as a percentage of housing revenues declined 5% year over yearin 2015 were slightly lower on a year-over-year basis. The land sale activity in 2015 generated gross profits of $.3 million. Selling, general and administrative expenses rose in 2015 from 2014, primarily due to a 19% decreasethe increase in both the number of homes delivered and housing revenues, and higher community opening-related expenses in connection with our operating platform expansion strategy. Other expense, net in 2015 decreased from the year-earlier quarter due to lower interest expense as a result of an increase in the amount of interest capitalized.
This segment’s pretax income improved by $3.1 million in 2014 compared to 2013 mainly due to a decrease in other expense, net that was partly offset by a 17%decline in housing gross profits and an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses. This segment’s housing gross profit margin decreased to 18.5% in 2014 from 23.0% in 2013, reflecting the inventory impairment charges in 2014, compared to no such charges in the previous year, as well as a change in the mix of homes delivered. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased from the previous year mainly due to a higher number of new community openings in 2014 as compared to 2013. Other expense, net decreased from the previous year due to lower interest expense as a result of an increase in the amount of interest capitalized.
Central. The following table presents financial information related to our Central homebuilding reporting segment for the years indicated (dollars in thousands, except average selling price):

33



 Years Ended November 30, Variance
 2015 2014 2013 2015 vs 2014 2014 vs 2013
Revenues$809,738
 $698,429
 $565,120
 16 % 24 %
Construction and land costs(657,316) (578,711) (474,220) (14) (22)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(82,400) (72,742) (62,928) (13) (16)
Operating income70,022
 46,976
 27,972
 49
 68
Other income (expense), net937
 238
 (5,697) 294
 (a)
Pretax income$70,959
 $47,214
 $22,275
 50 % 112 %
          
Homes delivered3,183
 3,098
 2,841
 3 % 9 %
Average selling price$252,200
 $223,800
 $198,900
 13 % 13 %
Housing gross profit margin19.0% 17.2% 16.1% 180 bps 110 bps

(a)Percentage not meaningful.
This segment’s revenues in 2015 and 2014 were comprised of revenues from both housing operations and land sales. In 2013, this segment’s revenues were generated entirely from housing operations. Housing revenues in 2015 rose 16% to $802.6 million from $693.3 million in the previous year due to increases in both the number of homes delivered and the average selling price of those homes. Homes delivered decreased in 2012 due to the significant downsizing of our business in Arizona during 2011 and into 2012. The average selling price increased in 2012 largely due to a change in community and product mix of homes delivered.
Pretax income from this segment for 2013 improved by $13.1 million from the pretax loss posted in 2012, primarily reflecting an increase in housing gross profits. The housing gross profit margin increased to 23.0% in 2013 from 19.1% in 2012, primarily due to the increase in homes delivered from higher-margin communities. In 2012, the housing gross profit margin included favorable warranty adjustments of $4.3 million that were partly offset by inventory impairment charges of $2.1 million. Despite the higher volume of homes delivered and higher revenues generated from this segment in 2013, selling, general and administrative expenses increased only slightly from the previous year, primarily due to our cost containment efforts.
This segment’s pretax results improved significantly in 2012 compared to 2011 mostly due to the impact of the South Edge-related joint venture impairment charge of $53.7 million and loss on loan guaranty of $30.8 million recorded in 2011. The housing gross profit margin increased to 19.1% in 2012 from 5.3% in 2011, primarily due to a decrease in inventory-related charges, as well as favorable warranty adjustments. Inventory impairment charges totaled $2.1 million in 2012, compared to inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges of $19.0 million in 2011, which included an $18.1 million adjustment to the fair value of real estate collateral that we took back on a note receivable. These inventory-related charges represented 2% of segment total revenues in 2012 and 14% in 2011. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased in 2012 compared to 2011, mainly due to overhead cost reductions and the lower volume of homes delivered. Other, net, in 2011 included the South Edge-related joint venture impairment charge. There was no such charge in 2012.
Central. Our Central homebuilding reporting segment’s total revenues for 2013 and 2012 were generated solely from housing operations; total revenues for 2011 also included land sale revenues of $.2 million. Housing revenues for 2013 rose 29% compared to the previous year as a result of an 11% increaseyear-over-year growth in the number of homes delivered and a 17%for 2015 primarily reflected an increase in our Colorado operations as a result of a higher number of communities delivering homes. The increase in the average selling price from 2014 was mainly due to a greater proportion of homes delivered from higher-priced communities and generally rising home prices. Housing revenues in 2014 rose 23% compared to 2013, reflecting increases in both the number of homes delivered and the average selling price of those homes. The increase in homes delivered principally reflected a 13%16% higher backlog level at the beginning of 20132014 compared to the previous year and a 12%7% increase in net orders. The year-over-year increasegrowth in homes delivered in this segment for 20132014 was largely attributable to both our Texas and Colorado operations. The average selling price for 20132014 rose from the prior year primarily due to a greater proportion of homes delivered from higher-priced communities, a change in product mix to larger homes, and generally rising home prices. In 2012, housingThis segment’s land sale revenues increased 18% compared to 2011 as a result of a 19% increasetotaled $7.1 million in the number of homes delivered, partly offset by a 1% decrease2015 and $5.2 million in the average selling price of those homes. Homes delivered increased in 2012 largely due to the higher number of homes in backlog at the start of 2012, while the average selling price declined largely due to a change in community and product mix.2014.

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In 2013, theThe pretax income fromgenerated by this segment in 2015 improved by $20.8$23.7 million from the previous year,2014, reflecting higher housing gross profits and an increase in other income, net, partly offset by higher selling, general and administrative expenses. The housing gross profit margin increased to 16.1% in 201319.0% from 13.8% in 2012,17.2% for 2014, mainly due to an increased proportion of homes delivered from higher-marginhigher margin communities, in 2013. In 2012, favorable warranty adjustmentsand improved operating leverage. Housing gross profits included $.2 million of $1.9 million were mostly offset by inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges in 2015, compared to $1.0 million of $1.4 million.such charges included in 2014. Land sale activity in 2015 generated nominal profits. The year-over-year increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2013for 2015 was primarily due to anhigher variable expenses associated with the increase in the number of homes delivered and higher housing revenues. Other income, net for 2013 declinedincreased from the previous year2014 due to a decrease inlower interest expense that resulted fromas a result of an increase in the amount of this segment’s inventory qualifying for interest capitalization.capitalized.
In 2012,2014, the pretax results forincome from this segment improved by $24.9 million from 2011 mainly due tothe previous year, reflecting higher housing gross profits reflecting the increase in homes delivered and a higher housing gross profit margin, partiallychange in other income, net that were partly offset by increasedhigher selling, general and administrative expenses. The housing gross profit margin increased to 13.8%17.2% in 20122014 from 12.0%16.1% in the previous year, primarily2013 due to favorable warranty adjustments, which were largelyan increased proportion of homes delivered from higher-margin communities, partly offset by inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges. Inventory impairment andhigher direct construction costs. The housing gross profit margin expanded year over year despite the inclusion of land option contract abandonment charges in 2014. In 2014, this segment totaled $1.4also produced gross profits of $.2 million from land sales. The year-over-year increase in each of 2012 and 2011 and were less than 1% of segment total revenues in each year. Selling,selling, general and administrative expenses increased in 2012 compared to 2011, mainly2014 was primarily due to higher variable expenses associated with the higher volumeincrease in both the number of homes delivered and revenueshousing revenues. This segment generated other income, net in 2012.2014, compared to other expense, net in 2013, mainly due to a decrease in interest expense that reflected an increase in the amount of interest capitalized.
Southeast. OurThe following table presents financial information related to our Southeast homebuilding reporting segment for the years indicated (dollars in thousands, except average selling price):

34



 Years Ended November 30, Variance
 2015 2014 2013 2015 vs 2014 2014 vs 2013
Revenues$410,743
 $401,853
 $324,388
 2 % 24 %
Construction and land costs(367,668) (351,634) (312,733) (5) (12)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(57,552) (54,412) (44,699) (6) (22)
Operating income (loss)(14,477) (4,193) (33,044) (245) 87
Other expense, net(8,281) (6,965) (12,948) (19) 46
Pretax loss$(22,758) $(11,158) $(45,992) (104) % 76 %
          
Homes delivered1,444
 1,468
 1,387
 (2) % 6 %
Average selling price$281,900
 $263,600
 $233,900
 7 % 13 %
Housing gross profit margin10.4% 13.6% 3.6% (320)bps (a)

(a)Percentage not meaningful.
This segment’s total revenues forin 2015 and 2014 were comprised of revenues from both housing operations and land sales. In 2013, 2012 and 2011this segment’s revenues were generated solely from housing operations. In 2013, housingHousing revenues increased 45% comparedof $407.1 million in 2015 grew 5% from $387.0 million in 2014 due to the prior year, reflecting a 27% increase in the number of homes delivered and a 13%an increase in the average selling price, as the number of those homes. The increase in homes delivered reflected a 19% higher backlog atremained nearly flat with the beginning of 2013 compared to the previous year, a 21% increase in net orders during the year as a result of an increase in the community count, and a higher backlog conversion ratio for the first two quarters of 2013. Most of the year-over-year increase in homes delivered in this segment in 2013 was generated from our Florida operations.year-earlier period. The year-over-year increase in the average selling price for 20132015 was primarily due to a greater proportion of homes delivered from higher-priced communities, a change in product mix of homes delivered to larger homes, and generally rising home prices. In 2012,2014, housing revenues increased 9%grew 19% from the prior year, driven by increases in both the number of homes delivered and the average selling price of those homes. The increase in homes delivered reflected a 7% higher backlog at the beginning of 2014 compared to the previous year due to a 5%year. Most of the year-over-year growth in homes delivered was generated from our Florida operations. The year-over-year increase in the average selling price andin 2014 was primarily due to a 3% increase in the numbergreater proportion of homes delivered. We delivered more homesfrom higher-priced communities, a shift in 2012 comparedproduct mix to 2011, largely due to thislarger home sizes, and generally rising home prices. This segment having 57% more homesgenerated land sale revenues of $3.6 million in backlog at the beginning of 2012 compared to 2011.2015 and $14.8 million in 2014.
The pretax loss from this segment for 2013in 2015 increased by $44.8$11.6 million from 2012, reflecting2014 as a result of a decrease in housing gross profits and higherincreases in both selling, general and administrative expenses.expenses and other expense, net. These impacts were partly offset by a year-over-year improvement in land sale results. The housing gross profit margin declined to 3.6%10.4% in 2013 from 19.2%2015, compared to 13.6% in 2012, largely2014, primarily due to the combined impact of higher land and construction costs, lower margins on homes delivered from recently activated communities that were previously held for future development, $5.1 million of inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges, and unfavorable warranty adjustments recognized in the current year. In addition, sales incentives as a netpercentage of housing revenues in 2015 were slightly higher on a year-over-year basis. In 2014, inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges impacting this segment’s housing gross profit margin totaled $.8 million. Land sale profits were $.6 million in 2015, compared to land sale losses of $2.6 million in 2014, which included an inventory impairment charge of $32.0$3.4 million for water intrusion-related repairs at certainrelated to a then-planned land sale of our communitieslast remaining land parcel in centralAtlanta, Georgia, as further described in Note 7. Inventory Impairments and southwestLand Option Contract Abandonments in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. Selling, general and administrative expenses rose from 2014, primarily due to increased variable expenses associated with the increase in housing revenues, higher overhead costs to support new community openings, and an increase in the accrual for the estimated minimum probable loss with respect to a Florida in 2013 aslegal inquiry that is further discussed in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. In addition, the housing gross profits for 2012 included insurance recoveries of $26.5 million that were partly offset by inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges of $5.8 million. The year-over-year increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2013 was primarily due to administrative costs associated with water intrusion-related repairs, an increase in the number of homes delivered and higher housing revenues. Other expense, net for 2013 decreased from 2012 due to2015 reflected a decrease in interest expense that resulted from an increase in the amount of this segment’s inventory qualifyinginterest capitalized. Nonetheless, other expense, net for 2015 increased compared to the previous year due to the inclusion of a $3.2 million gain on the sale of our interest capitalization.in an unconsolidated joint venture in 2014.
The significant improvement in pretax results forfrom this segment in 2012 reflectedfor 2014 improved by $34.8 million from 2013, reflecting an increase in housing gross profits and a decrease in other expense, net that were partially offset by higher selling, general and administrative expenses.expenses and the above-mentioned $3.4 million inventory impairment charge. This segment’s housing gross profit margin expanded to 13.6% in 2014 from 3.6% in 2013, largely due to a net warranty charge of $32.0 million associated with water intrusion-related repairs at certain of our communities in central and southwest Florida in 2013 that is further discussed in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. The housing gross profit margin improved to 19.2%expanded year over year despite the inclusion of inventory-related charges in 20122014. In 2013, inventory impairment charges impacting the segment’s housing gross profit margin totaled $.4 million. Other expense, net for 2014 decreased from 5.9% in 2011, mainly2013 due to $26.5 millionlower interest expense

35



as a result of insurance recoveries recorded in 2012, partly offset by unfavorable warranty adjustments. In 2012, this segment had $5.8 million of inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges, compared to $2.1 millionan increase in the year-earlier period. As a percentageamount of segment total revenues, these charges were 3%interest capitalized, and the gain on the sale of our interest in 2012 and 1%an unconsolidated joint venture in 2011.2014.
FINANCIAL SERVICES REPORTING SEGMENT
Our financial services reporting segment offers property and casualty insurance and, in certain instances, earthquake, flood and personal property insurance to our homebuyersin the same markets as our homebuilding reporting segmentsand provides title services in the majority of our markets located within our Central and Southeast homebuilding reporting segments.In addition, since the third quarter of 2011, this segment has earned revenues pursuant to the terms of a marketing services agreement with a preferred mortgage lender that offers mortgage banking services, including mortgage loan originations, to our homebuyerswho elect to use the lender. Our homebuyers are under no obligation to use our preferred mortgage lender and may select any lender of their choice to obtain mortgage financing for the purchase of a home. We make available to our homebuyers marketing materials and other information regarding our preferred mortgage lender’s financing options and mortgage loan products, and are compensated solely for the fair market value of these services. Except as discussed below, we have had no affiliation, ownership, joint venture or other interests in or with our preferred mortgage lender or its affiliates, or with respect to the revenues or income that may have been generated from their provision of mortgage banking services to, or origination of mortgage loans for, our homebuyers.

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From 2005 until June 30, 2011, we offered mortgage banking services to our homebuyers indirectly through KBA Mortgage, an unconsolidated joint venture of a subsidiary of ours and a subsidiary of Bank of America, N.A., with each partner having a 50% interest in the venture. KBA Mortgage ceased offering mortgage banking services after June 30, 2011. The Bank of America, N.A. subsidiary partner operated KBA Mortgage. KBA Mortgage was accounted for as an unconsolidated joint venture within the financial services reporting segment of our consolidated financial statements.
Effective June 27, 2011 and into the second quarter of 2012, we had a preferred mortgage lender relationship with MetLife Home Loans, a division of MetLife Bank, N.A. Under this relationship, MetLife Home Loans’ personnel, located on site at several of our new home communities, could offer financing options and mortgage loan products to our homebuyers, to prequalify homebuyers for mortgage loans, and to commence the mortgage loan origination process for our homebuyers electing to use MetLife Home Loans.
Following MetLife Bank, N.A.’s announcement in January 2012 that it would cease offering forward mortgage banking services as part of its business, we evaluated various options and, in March 2012, entered into an agreement with Nationstar, a subsidiary of Nationstar Mortgage Holdings Inc., under which Nationstar became our new preferred mortgage lender, offering mortgage banking services to our homebuyers at our new home communities. The terms of our relationship with Nationstar are substantially similar to the terms of our prior relationship with MetLife Home Loans, as are the mortgage banking services offered by Nationstar. Nationstar began accepting new mortgage loan applications from our homebuyers on May 1, 2012.
On January 21, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Nationstar to form Home Community Mortgage, a mortgage banking company that will offer an array of mortgage banking services to our homebuyers. We have a 49.9% ownership interest and Nationstar has a 50.1% ownership interest in Home Community Mortgage, with Nationstar providing management oversight of Home Community Mortgage’s operations. Nationstar will continue as our preferred mortgage lender until Home Community Mortgage begins offering mortgage banking services, which is expected to occur in the first quarter of 2014. We made capital contributions of $5.0 million to Home Community Mortgage during the year ended November 30, 2013. Home Community Mortgage is accounted for as an unconsolidated joint venture within our financial services reporting segment of our consolidated financial statements.
Nationstar’s performance since May 1, 2012 as our preferred mortgage lender has provided more consistent execution and completion of mortgage loan originations as compared to other outside lenders, contributing more stability in the conversion of our backlog into home deliveries and revenues. Based on the number of homes delivered in 2013 and 2012, approximately 59% and 30%, respectively, of our homebuyers used Nationstar to finance the purchase of their home. We expect to see improvement in future periods if and as a greater percentage of our homebuyers obtain mortgage financing from Nationstar, as our preferred mortgage lender, and/or Home Community Mortgage.
The following table presents a summary of selected financial and operational data for our financial services reporting segment (dollars in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Revenues$12,152
 $11,683
 $10,304
$11,043
 $11,306
 $12,152
Expenses(3,042) (2,991) (3,512)(3,711) (3,446) (3,042)
Equity in income/gain on wind down of unconsolidated joint venture1,074
 2,191
 19,286
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint venture4,292
 686
 1,074
Pretax income$10,184
 $10,883
 $26,078
$11,624
 $8,546
 $10,184
          
Total originations (a):          
Loans
 
 1,633
4,460
 1,501
 
Principal$
 $
 $315,899
$1,132,479
 $374,263
 $
Percentage of homebuyers using KBA Mortgage
 
 67%
Percentage of homebuyers using HCM61% 64% %
Average FICO score718
 716
 
          
Mortgage loans sold to third parties (a):     
Loans
 
 1,862
Loans sold (a):     
Loans sold to Nationstar4,168
 1,035
 
Principal$
 $
 $370,599
$1,055,551
 $252,583
 $
Loans sold to other third parties176
 
 
Principal$32,521
 $
 $
(a)Loan originations and sales in 2011 occurred within KBA Mortgage, which ceased offering mortgage banking services after June 30, 2011.

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Mortgage loan origination mix (a):     
Conventional/non-conventional loans45% 52% %
FHA loans37
 26
 
Other government loans18
 22
 
      
Loan type (a):     
Fixed98% 91% %
ARM2
 9
 
Table of Contents(a)    Loan originations and sales occurred within HCM, which began operations on July 21, 2014.

Revenues. Our financial services reporting segment generates revenues primarily from insurance commissions and title services,services. These operations also earned marketing services fees, and interest income.pursuant to a marketing services agreement with a preferred lender, until July 21, 2014. Financial services revenues totaled $12.2 million in 2013, $11.7 million in 2012 and $10.3 million in 2011. The year-over-year increasedecrease in our financial services revenues in 20132015 reflected the absence of marketing services revenues, which was primarilylargely offset by an increase in insurance commissions and title services revenues. In 2014, the year-over-year decrease in our financial services revenues was mainly due to a decline in marketing services fees and insurance commissions, partly offset by an increase in title services revenues, which was partly offset by a decrease in marketing services fees.revenues. In 2012, the year-over-year increase in financial services revenues reflected higher2014 and 2013, marketing services fees resulting from having a marketing services agreement in place for all of 2012, compared to only a portion of 2011,totaled $1.1 million and higher title services revenues.
Financial services revenues included revenues from insurance commissions and title services totaling $10.4 million in 2013, $9.5 million in 2012 and $9.2 million in 2011, and a nominal amount of interest income in each year, which was earned primarily from money market deposits. In 2013, 2012 and 2011, financial services revenues also included $1.8 million, $2.2 millionrespectively, and $1.1 million, respectively, of revenues from marketing services fees. These fees are associated with the marketing services agreements in effect during each year and representrepresented the fair value of the services we provided in connection with the agreements.marketing services agreement.
Expenses. General and administrative expenses totaled $3.7 million in 2015, $3.4 million in 2014 and $3.0 million in both 2013 and 2012, and $3.5 million in 2011.2013.
Equity in Income/Gain on Wind DownIncome of Unconsolidated Joint Venture.Ventures. The equity in income/gain on wind downincome of unconsolidated joint venture ofventures was $4.3 million in 2015, $.7 million in 2014 and $1.1 million in 2013, $2.2 million2013. The equity in 2012income of unconsolidated joint ventures for 2015 and $19.3 million in 2011 related to our 50% interest in KBA Mortgage.2014 was primarily comprised of income from HCM. The amountsamount for 2013 2012 and 2011 included gainsa gain of $1.1 million $2.1 million and $19.8 million, respectively, recognized in connection

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with the wind down of KBA Mortgage. Excluding these gains,the business operations of a former mortgage banking joint venture that ceased offering mortgage banking services in 2011.
Based on the number of homes delivered in 2015, approximately 61% of our equity in incomehomebuyers who obtained mortgage financing used HCM to finance the purchase of KBA Mortgage totaled $.1 million in 2012their home, compared to approximately 62% that used HCM or Nationstar in 2014 and 59% that used Nationstar in 2013. We expect to see increases in future periods if and as a greater percentage of our equity in loss of $.5 million in 2011. KBA Mortgage originated 1,633 loans in 2011.homebuyers obtain mortgage financing from HCM.
INCOME TAXES
We recognized an income tax benefitexpense of $42.4 million in 2015, and income tax benefits of $823.4 million in 2014 and $1.6 million in 2013, $20.12013. Our income tax expense for 2015 reflected the favorable net impact of $5.6 million of federal energy tax credits we earned from building energy-efficient homes, resulting in 2012 and $2.4 million in 2011.an effective tax rate of 33.4%. The income tax benefit forin 2014 was primarily due to the reversal of a substantial portion of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance at November 30, 2014. In 2013, was due tothe income tax benefit reflected the resolution of a state tax audit, which resulted in a refund receivable of $1.4 million, as well as the recognition of unrecognized tax benefits of $1.0 million, partly offset by the state tax liability of $.8 million. The income tax benefit of $20.1 million in 2012 primarily reflected the resolution of federal and state tax audits, which also resulted in the realization of $1.2 million of deferred tax assets. The income tax benefit in 2011 reflected the reversal of a $2.6 million liability for unrecognized tax benefits due to the status of federal and state tax audits. Due to the effects of our deferred tax asset valuation allowances carrybacks of our NOL, and changes in our unrecognized tax benefits, our effective tax rates in 2013, 20122014 and 20112013 are not meaningful items as our income tax amounts are not directly correlated to the amount of our pretax income (loss) for those periods.
DueOn December 18, 2015, the Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes Act of 2015 (“PATH”) was enacted into law. Among other things, PATH extended the availability of a business tax credit for building new energy-efficient homes through December 31, 2016. Prior to this legislation, the impacttax credit expired on December 31, 2014. The extension of the housing downturn ontax credit for building new energy-efficient homes may benefit our business,effective tax rate for the asset impairment and land option contract abandonment charges we incurred and the NOL we posted in the years prior to 2013, we generated substantial deferred tax assets and established a corresponding valuation allowance against those deferred tax assets. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), weyear ended November 30, 2016.
We evaluate our deferred tax assets quarterly to determine if adjustments to theour valuation allowance are required. ASC 740 requires that companies assess whether a valuation allowance should be establishedrequired based on the consideration of all available positive and negative evidence using a “more likely than not” standard with respect to whether deferred tax assets will be realized. Our evaluation considers, among other factors, our historical operating results; our expectation of future profitability; the duration of the applicable statutory carryforward periods; and conditions in the housing market and the broader economy. In our evaluation, we give more significant weight to evidence that is objective in nature as compared to subjective evidence. Also, more significant weight is given to evidence that directly relates to our then-current financial performance as compared to indirect or less current evidence. The ultimate realization of our deferred tax assets depends primarily on the generation ofour ability to generate future taxable income. During 2013,income during the periods in which the related temporary differences in the financial basis and the tax basis of the assets become deductible. The value of our deferred tax assets depends on applicable income tax rates.
At November 30, 2015 and 2014, we reducedhad deferred tax assets of $820.0 million and $866.4 million, respectively, that were partially offset by valuation allowances of $37.8 million and $41.2 million, respectively. The valuation allowances at November 30, 2015 and 2014 were primarily related to foreign tax credits and certain state NOLs that had not met the valuation allowance by $20.7 million“more likely than not” realization standard as of those dates. We evaluated our deferred tax assets as of November 30, 2015 to account for adjustmentsdetermine whether any adjustment to our deferred tax assets primarily associated with the pretax income generated during the year. During 2012 and 2011, we recordedasset valuation allowancesallowance was necessary. We determined that most of $32.3 million and $76.7 million, respectively, against netour deferred tax assets generatedas of November 30, 2015 would be realized. We reduced our valuation allowance by $3.4 million in 2015, to account primarily fromfor the pretax losses for those years. Oneexpiration of federal tax credits and state NOLs that were not utilized.
During the primary piecesfourth quarter of negative evidence that2014, consistent with the above process, we consider in evaluatingevaluated the need for a valuation allowance isagainst our deferred tax assets and determined, based on all available positive and negative evidence, that it was more likely than not that most of our deferred tax asset would be realized. As a result, we recognized an $824.2 million income tax benefit in the fourth quarter of 2014 that included the reversal of $825.2 million of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance.
The principal positive evidence that led us to determine at November 30, 2014 that a significant portion of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance could be reversed included our emergence from a three-year cumulative pretax loss position which is largelyin 2014 as well as the resultunderlying momentum in our business and generally improved housing market and broader economic conditions that had enabled us to achieve and maintain a three-year cumulative pretax income position as of and after the 2014 third quarter; the significant pretax income we generated during 2014 and 2013, including six consecutive quarters of pretax income as of November 30, 2014; improvement in key financial metrics in 2014 when compared to the previous year (including in our revenues; housing gross profits; selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of housing revenues; net orders and backlog); our expectation of future profitability; our strong financial position; significant evidence that conditions in the U.S. housing industry were more favorable than in recent years and our belief that such conditions would continue to be favorable over the long term; and our belief that we would be able to make operational adjustments to address any potential changes in market conditions to maintain long-term profitability and realize our deferred tax assets.

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The most significant changes in our evaluation of the realizability of our deferred tax assets at November 30, 2014 compared to earlier periods were the development of significant positive evidence related to our year-over-year growth in pretax income, net orders and backlog levels during 2014; our expectation that we would realize all of our federal NOLs and absorb substantially all federal deductible temporary differences as they reverse in future years based on then-projected 2015 pretax income levels; our expectation of sustained and increasing profitability in future years; and the reduced significance of the negative evidence we considered before November 30, 2014 related to our pretax losses incurred in 2012 and 2011, as we generated pretax income in 2013. In 2013,prior years, because we had twogenerated six consecutive quarters of pretax income and have experienced year-over-year increasescumulative pretax income for the past three years as of November 30, 2014. These significant changes in our homes delivered, revenues, housing gross profit margin and net orders. In addition, our backlog valueevidence at November 30, 20132014 led us to determine that it was highermore likely than at November 30, 2012. If such positive trends in our business continue, together with improvements in housing markets and the homebuilding industry, and we are profitable on a sustained basis, we believenot that there could be sufficient positive evidence to support reducing a large portionmost of our valuation allowance during 2014.
We had no net deferred tax assets at November 30, 2013 or 2012 as we maintained a fullwould be realized. We reversed the valuation allowance againston all of our federal deferred tax assets, except for the portion related to foreign tax credits due to the utilization of federal NOLs to offset taxable income in the years through tax credit expiration. We estimated the amount of the valuation allowance needed for our state NOL carryforwards based on an analysis of the amount of our NOL carryforwards associated with each state in which we operate as compared to our expected level of taxable income under existing apportionment rules in each state and the carryforward periods allowed in each state’s tax code.
We will continue to evaluate both the positive and negative evidence on a quarterly basis to determine the need for a valuation allowance with respect to our deferred tax assets. The accounting for deferred tax asset valuation allowance decreased to $859.4 million at November 30, 2013 from $880.1 million at November 30, 2012, reflecting a reductionassets is based upon estimates of $20.7 millionfuture results. Changes in positive and negative evidence, including differences between estimated and actual results, could result in changes in the valuation allowance due toof our deferred tax assets that could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Changes in existing tax laws could also affect actual tax results and the userealization of deferred tax assets to offset the pretax income generated during 2013, and the loss of certain state NOLs due to the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. The deferred tax asset valuation allowance at November 30, 2012 increased from $847.8 million at November 30, 2011, reflecting the net impact of the $32.3 million valuation allowance recorded in 2012.
The benefits of our NOL, built-in losses and tax credits would be reduced or potentially eliminated if we experienced an “ownership change” under Section 382. Based on our analysis performed as of November 30, 2013, we do not believe that we

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have experienced an ownership change as defined by Section 382, and, therefore, the NOL, built-in losses and tax credits we have generated should not be subject to a Section 382 limitation as of this reporting date.
over time.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Overview. We historically have funded our homebuilding and financial services activities with over the last several years with:
internally generated cash flows and external sourcesflows;
public issuances of our common stock;
public issuances of debt securities;
land option contracts and equity financing. other similar contracts and seller notes; and
letters of credit and performance bonds.
We also have the ability to borrow funds under the Credit Facility.
We manage our use of cash in the operation of our business to support the execution of our primary strategic goals. Accordingly,Over the past several years, we use our unrestrictedhave primarily used cash balance primarily to acquire for:

land invest inacquisition and land developmentdevelopment;
home construction;
operating expenses;
principal and construct homes. interest payments on notes payable; and
cash collateral.
Our investments in land and land development totaled approximately $967.2 million in 2015, $1.47 billion in 2014 and $1.14 billion in 2013,2013. The decrease in our inventory investments in 2015 reflected our strategic focus on generating cash from operations in 2015 after having built a strong inventory pipeline over the past few years. Approximately 68% of our total investments in 2015 related to land development, compared to approximately $565 million46% in 20122014 and approximately $478 million38% in 2011.2013. While we made strategic investments in land and land development in each of our homebuilding reporting segments in each of these years, most were made in our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment. Our investments in land and land development in the future will depend significantly on market conditions and available opportunities that meet our investment return and marketing standards.standards, though we expect our investment in land and land development in 2016 will increase on an overall basis compared to 2015 to support growth in homes delivered in 2017 and beyond.
The following table presents the number of lots and carrying value of inventory we owned or controlled under land option contracts orand other similar contracts by homebuilding reporting segment (dollars in thousands):

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 November 30, Variance
 2013 2012  Lots/$ %
Number of lots owned or controlled under land option contracts or other similar contracts61,095
 44,752
 16,343
 37%
Carrying value of inventory owned or controlled under land option contracts or other similar contracts$2,298,577
 $1,706,571
 $592,006
 35%
  November 30, 2015 November 30, 2014 Variance
Segment Lots $ Lots $ Lots $
West Coast 11,420
 $1,602,356
 12,834
 $1,596,480
 (1,414) $5,876
Southwest 8,981
 534,040
 9,557
 538,705
 (576) (4,665)
Central 17,747
 707,210
 19,129
 588,054
 (1,382) 119,156
Southeast 9,251
 470,141
 10,678
 495,148
 (1,427) (25,007)
Total 47,399
 $3,313,747
 52,198
 $3,218,387
 (4,799) $95,360
The year-over-year increases in the number of lots owned or controlled under land option contracts orand other similar contracts andat November 30, 2015 decreased from November 30, 2014 largely due to homes delivered in 2015. The year-over-year increase in the corresponding carrying value of such lots owned or controlled under land option and other similar contracts at November 30, 20132015 reflected the significant investments we made in land and land development during 2013. in 2015.
Overall, the percentagenumber of our total lots that we controlled under land option contracts orand other similar contracts as a percentage of total lots was 37%20% at November 30, 2013 compared to 27%2015 and 21% at November 30, 2012.2014. Generally, this percentage fluctuates with our decisions to control (or abandon) lots under land option contracts and other similar contracts or to purchase (or sell owned) lots based on available opportunities and our investment return and marketing standards.
We ended our 20132015 fiscal year with $572.0$568.4 million of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, compared to $567.1$383.6 million at November 30, 2012.2014. Our balance of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents was $530.1increased to $559.0 million at November 30, 2013 and $524.82015 from $356.4 million at November 30, 2012.2014. The increase in our unrestricted cash balance primarily reflected the total net proceeds of $332.2 million received from the concurrent underwritten public issuances of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and the Common Stock Offering in the first quarter of 2013, and net proceeds of $443.3 million from the underwritten public issuance of the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021 in the fourth quarter of 2013, partly offset by the retirement of $215.1 million of certainmajority of our senior notes duecash and cash equivalents at November 30, 2015 and 2014 were invested in money market funds and 2015 through a combination of purchases made pursuant to the October 2013 Tender Offers and redemptions, and our investments in inventories during 2013.interest-bearing bank deposit accounts.
Capital Resources. Our mortgages and notes payable consisted of the following (in thousands):
 November 30, Variance
 2013 2012 $
Mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans (at interest rates of 7% at November 30, 2013 and 6% to 7% at November 30, 2012)$13,615
 $52,311
 $(38,696)
5 3/4% Senior notes due February 1, 2014
 75,911
 (75,911)
5 7/8% Senior notes due January 15, 2015
 101,999
 (101,999)
6 1/4% Senior notes due June 15, 2015199,864
 236,826
 (36,962)
9.10% Senior notes due September 15, 2017262,048
 261,430
 618
7 1/4% Senior notes due June 15, 2018299,261
 299,129
 132
8.00% Senior notes due March 15, 2020345,710
 345,209
 501
7.00% Senior notes due December 15, 2021450,000
 
 450,000
7.50% Senior notes due September 15, 2022350,000
 350,000
 
1.375% Convertible senior notes due February 1, 2019230,000
 
 230,000
Total$2,150,498
 $1,722,815
 $427,683
 November 30, Variance
 2015 2014 $
Mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans$35,664
 $38,250
 $(2,586)
Senior notes2,359,872
 2,308,275
 51,597
Convertible senior notes230,000
 230,000
 
Total$2,625,536
 $2,576,525
 $49,011

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Our higher debt balance at November 30, 2013 reflected2015 compared to November 30, 2014 was mainly due to the issuance of $250.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 1.375% Convertible7.625% senior notes due 2023 (“7.625% Senior Notes due 20192023”) in the first quarter of 2013. The2015. We used the net proceeds from this debt issuance were used for general corporate purposes. Our debt balance at November 30, 2013 also reflected the issuance of the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021 in the fourth quarter of 2013. We used $225.4$245.4 million of the net proceeds from this issuance to purchase $19.7retire the remaining $199.9 million in aggregate principal amount of our 5 3/6 1/4% senior notes due 2014 (the “5 3/2015 (“6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2014”2015”), $91.1 at their maturity on June 15, 2015. The remainder of the net proceeds was used for general corporate purposes, including working capital, land acquisition and land development. Our next scheduled debt maturity is in September 2017 with respect to $265.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 5 7/8% senior notes due 2015 (the “5 7/8%9.10% Senior Notes due 2015”)2017. Based on our current capital position, we believe that we will have adequate resources and $37.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015, pursuantsufficient access to the applicable October 2013 Tender Offers,capital markets and external financing sources to redeem the remaining $56.3 millionsatisfy this debt when it matures in aggregate principal amount of the 5 3/4% Senior Notes due 2014 and $11.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2015 that were not purchased in the applicable October 2013 Tender Offers. The October 2013 Tender Offers expired on November 12, 2013. We plan to use the remaining net proceeds from this issuance for general corporate purposes. We incurred a $10.4 million loss on the early extinguishment of debt in 2013 due to a premium paid under the applicable October 2013 Tender Offers, premiums paid to redeem the applicable remaining senior2017. Further information regarding our notes and the unamortized original issue discount associated with these senior notes.
The terms of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021 are describedpayable is provided in Note 13. Mortgages and Notes Payable in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. The above-described transactions extended our near-term debt maturities, and as a result, our next scheduled debt maturity is in 2015, when the remaining $199.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015 becomes due.
Our financial leverage, as measured by the ratio of debt to total capital, was 80.0%60.8% at November 30, 2013,2015, compared to 82.1%61.8% at November 30, 2012. The improvement in our financial leverage reflected the increase in our stockholders’ equity as a result of the Common Stock Offering and the net income we generated during the year ended November 30, 2013, partly offset by the net increase in our mortgages and notes payable balance.2014. Our ratio of net debt to total capital (a calculation that is described above under “Non-GAAP Financial Measures”) at November 30, 20132015 was 74.6%54.9%, compared to 75.4%57.9% at November 30, 2012.2014.
LOC Facilities. We maintain the LOC Facilities with various financial institutions to obtain letters of credit in the ordinary course of operating our business.As of November 30, 20132015 and 2012,2014, we had $41.5$9.1 million and $41.9$26.7 million,, respectively, of letters of credit outstanding under the LOC Facilities. The LOC Facilities require us to deposit and maintain cash with the issuing financial institutions as collateral for our letters of credit outstanding. The amount of cash maintained for our LOC Facilities totaled $41.9$9.3 million at November 30, 20132015 and $42.4$27.2 million at November 30, 2012,2014, and these amounts were included in restricted cash in our consolidated balance sheets as of those dates.We may maintain, revise or, if necessary or desirable, enter into additional or expanded letter of credit facilities, or other similar facility arrangements, with the same or other financial institutions.
Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility. On March 12, 2013,August 7, 2015, we entered into an amendment to the Credit Facility with a syndicate of financial institutions. The Credit Facility is further described in Note 13. Mortgagesthat increased the commitment from $200.0 million to $275.0 million and Notes Payable in the Notesextended its maturity from March 12, 2016 to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.August 7, 2019. The amount of theour Credit Facility available for cash borrowings orand the issuance of letters of credit depends on the total cash borrowings and letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility and the maximum available amount under the terms of the Credit Facility. The maximum available amount is the lesser of (a) $200.0 million and (b) the difference of (i) 15% of our consolidated net tangible assets (as defined in the Credit Facility) and (ii) our secured debt.

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As of November 30, 2013,2015, we had no cash borrowings orand $24.3 million of letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility andFacility. Therefore, as of November 30, 2015, we had $200.0$250.7 million available for cash borrowings under the Credit Facility, for cash borrowings, with up to $100.0$113.2 million of that amount available for the issuance of letters of credit. The Credit Facility is further described in Note 13. Notes Payable in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.
Under the terms of the Credit Facility, we are required, among other things, to maintain compliance with various covenants, including financial covenants regarding our consolidated tangible net worth, consolidated leverage ratio (“Leverage Ratio”), and either ana consolidated interest coverage ratio (“Interest Coverage Ratio”) or minimum liquidity.liquidity level, each as defined therein. Our compliance with these financial covenants is measured by calculations and metrics that are specifically defined or described by the terms of the Credit Facility and can differ in certain respects from comparable GAAP or other commonly used terms. The financial covenant requirements are set forth below:
Consolidated Tangible Net Worth. We must maintain a minimum consolidated tangible net worth at the end of any fiscal quarter equal to the sum of (a) $282.6 million;$1.13 billion, plus (b) an amount equal to 50% of the aggregate of the cumulative positive consolidated net income for each fiscal quarter commencing after November 30, 2012, excludingMay 31, 2015 and ending as of the last day of such fiscal quarter (though there is no reduction if there is a consolidated net income realized from a reversal of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance after November 30, 2012;loss in any fiscal quarter), plus (c) 75% of any consolidated net income realized as a result of a reversal of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance after November 30, 2012; and (d)an amount equal to 50% of the cumulative net proceeds receivedwe receive from ourthe issuance of our capital stock after November 30, 2012.May 31, 2015. As of November 30, 2013,2015, our applicable minimum consolidated tangible net worth requirement was $365.1 million.$1.16 billion.
Leverage Ratio. We must also maintain a Leverage Ratio of .850less than or less, whichequal to .700 for each fiscal quarter through and including the fourth quarter of 2016. This requirement adjusts to .825less than or lessequal to .650 for the first and second quarters of 2015; and to .800 or less for the third quarter of 20152017 and each quarter thereafter duringfor the term of the Credit Facility. As defined under the Credit Facility, theThe Leverage Ratio is calculated as the ratio of our consolidated total indebtedness to the sum of consolidated total indebtedness and consolidated tangible net worth. As of November 30, 2013, our Leverage Ratio was .800.worth, all as defined under the Credit Facility.

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Interest Coverage Ratio or Liquidity. We are also required to maintain either (a) a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio (“an Interest Coverage Ratio”)Ratio of 1.10, which adjustsgreater than or equal to 1.201.40 for each fiscal quarter through and including the second quarter of 2014;2016. This ratio adjusts to 1.40greater than or equal to 1.50 for the third quarter of 2014; to 1.60 for the fourth quarter of 2014; to 1.75 for the first and second quarter of 2015; and to 2.00 for the third quarter of 20152016 and each quarter thereafter duringfor the term of the Credit Facility; or (b) a minimum level of liquidity, but not both. As defined under the Credit Facility, theThe Interest Coverage Ratio is the ratio of our consolidated adjusted EBITDA to consolidated interest incurred, each as defined under the Credit Facility, in each case for the previous 12 months. Our minimum liquidity level is required to be the greater of (a) $50.0 millionthan or (b) the sum of (i)equal to consolidated interest incurred, as defined under the Credit Facility, for the four most recently endedrecently-ended fiscal quarters and (ii) the aggregate principal amount of indebtedness coming due in the next 12 months, provided that the highest minimum liquidity applicable under (b) is $200.0 million.aggregate. As of November 30, 2013,2015, our minimum liquidity requirement was $143.0$184.9 million.
In addition, under the Credit Facility, our investments in joint ventures and non-guarantor subsidiaries (which are shown, respectively, in Note 9. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures and in Note 22. Supplemental Guarantor Information in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report) cannot exceed the sum of (a) $135.1$117.4 million and (b) 20% of consolidated tangible net worth; and our borrowing base indebtedness, which is the aggregate principal amount of our outstanding indebtedness for borrowed money and non-collateralized financial letters of credit, cannot be greater than our borrowing base (a measure ofrelating to our inventory and unrestricted cash assets).
The financial covenants and other requirements under our Credit Facility represent the most restrictive covenantsprovisions that we are subject to with respect to our mortgages and notes payable. The following table summarizes the above-described financial covenants and other requirements under the Credit Facility, and our actual levels or ratios (as applicable) with respect to those covenants and other requirements, in each case as of November 30, 2013:2015:
Financial Covenants and Other Requirements Covenant Requirement Actual Covenant Requirement Actual
Consolidated tangible net worth >$365.1 million $536.1 million >$1.16 billion $1.69 billion
Leverage Ratio <.850 .800 <.700
 .608
Coverage Ratio (a) >1.10 1.43
Minimum Liquidity (a) >$143.0 million $530.1 million
Interest Coverage Ratio (a) >1.400
 1.681
Minimum liquidity (a) >$184.9 million $559.0 million
Investments in joint ventures and non-guarantor subsidiaries <$242.3 million $170.1 million <$455.6 million $110.9 million
Borrowing base in excess of borrowing base indebtedness (as defined)  n/a $235.6 million  n/a $413.2 million
(a)Under the terms of the Credit Facility, we are required to meet either the Interest Coverage Ratio or thea minimum level of liquidity, thresholds, but not both. As of November 30, 2013,2015, we met both the Interest Coverage Ratio and the minimum liquidity requirements.

The Credit Facility also prohibits us from repurchasing and exchanging equity securities from or with employees in excess of $10.0 million in cash consideration in any fiscal year.
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The indenture governing the senior notes and the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 does not contain any financial covenants. Subject to specified exceptions, the indenture contains certain restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability to incur secured indebtedness, or engage in sale-leaseback transactions involving property or assets above a certain specified value. In addition, the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and all of the senior notes (with the exception of the 67 1/4% Senior Notessenior notes due 2015 and the 2018 (“7 1/4% Senior Notes due 2018)2018”)) contain certain limitations related to mergers, consolidations, and sales of assets.
Our obligations to pay principal, premium, if any, and interest under our senior notes and the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and borrowings, if any, under the Credit Facility are guaranteed on a joint and several basis by certain of our subsidiaries (the “Guarantor(“Guarantor Subsidiaries”) that meet the definition of a “significant subsidiary” as defined by Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X using a 5% rather than a 10% threshold, provided that the assets of our non-guarantor subsidiaries do not in the aggregate exceed 10% of an adjusted measure of our consolidated total assets.. The guarantees are full and unconditional and the Guarantor Subsidiaries are 100% owned by us. We may also cause other subsidiaries of ours to become Guarantor Subsidiaries if we believe it to be in our or the relevant subsidiary’s best interests. Condensed consolidating financial information for our subsidiaries considered to be Guarantor Subsidiaries is provided in Note 22. Supplemental Guarantor Information in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.
As of November 30, 2013,2015, we were in compliance with the applicable terms of all our covenants and other requirements under the Credit Facility, the senior notes, the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, the indenture, and the mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans. Our ability to access the Credit Facility for cash borrowings and letters of credit and our ability to secure future debt financing depend, in part, on our ability to remain in such compliance. There are no agreements that restrict our payment of dividends other than to maintain compliance with the financial covenant requirements under the Credit Facility, which would restrict

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our payment of dividends if there is a default under the Credit Facility existingexists at the time of any such payment, or if any such payment would result in such a default.
Depending on available terms, we finance certain land acquisitions with purchase-money financing from land sellers or with other forms of financing from third parties. At November 30, 2013,2015, we had outstanding mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans payable in connection with such financing of $13.6$35.7 million,, secured primarily by the underlying property, which had aan aggregate carrying value of $37.9 million.$136.1 million.
Consolidated Cash Flows. The following table presents a summary of net cash provided by (used in) our operating, investing and financing activities (in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Net cash provided by (used in):          
Operating activities$(443,486) $34,617
 $(347,545)$181,185
 $(630,691) $(443,486)
Investing activities(16,750) (760) 13,098
(11,303) (44,782) (16,750)
Financing activities467,071
 73,757
 (155,909)31,691
 501,718
 467,071
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents$6,835
 $107,614
 $(490,356)$201,573
 $(173,755) $6,835
Operating Activities. Operating activities provided net cash of $181.2 million in 2015 and used net cash of $443.5$630.7 million in 20132014 and provided$443.5 million in 2013. Generally, our net operating cash flows fluctuate primarily based on changes in our inventories and our profitability for the year. Our net cash of $34.6 million in 2012. In 2011,provided by operating activities usedin 2015 was mainly driven by net cash of $347.5 millionincome and a decrease in inventories (excluding the noncash activities described below). TheIn 2014, the year-over-year change in net operating cash flows in 2013 from the prior year was largely due to thean increase in cash used for investments in land and land development during 2013that year in support of our strategic growth initiatives. In 2012, the year-over-year changeinitiatives, partly offset by an increase in net operating cash flows was primarily due to the lower net loss incurred in 2012 and the substantial payments we made in 2011 in connection with the consummation of the consensual plan of reorganization for South Edge and in resolving other matters surrounding the underlying joint venture.income.
Our usesnet cash provided by operating activities in 2015 primarily reflected net income of operating cash in 2013 included$84.6 million, a net increasedecrease in inventories of $563.2$34.9 million (excluding $27.6a $106.8 million increase in consolidated inventories not owned, $20.3 million of inventories acquired through seller financing, a $12.7 million distribution of land from an increaseunconsolidated joint venture, and $9.6 million of $4.8 million in consolidated inventories not owned, and inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges of $3.6 million)charges), in conjunction with our investments in land and land development, and a net increase in receivables of $11.2 million. Partially offsetting the cash used was a net increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities of $2.0 million. These sources of cash were partly offset by a net increase in receivables of $20.5 million. In 2014, our net cash used by operating activities primarily reflected net cash of $780.1 million used to increase our inventories through investments in land and land development, partly offset by pretax income of $94.9 million. In 2013, our net cash used by operating activities was largely due to $59.8563.2 million (excluding $8.3 million related to the issuance of stock under stock-based compensation plans), net income of $40.0 millioncash used for investments in land and other operating sources of $1.3 million.
In 2012,land development, partially offset by cash was provided by a net decrease in inventories of $30.3 million (excluding $53.6 million of inventories acquired through seller financing, inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges of $28.5 million and a decrease of $19.8 million in consolidated inventories not owned), and a decrease in receivables of $25.0 million. Partially offsetting the cash provided was a net loss of $59.0 million, a net decreasechange in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities of $2.1 million, and other operating uses of $12.5 million.
Our uses of operating cash in 2011 included a net loss of $178.8 million, a net decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities of $253.5 million, a net increase in inventories of $12.3 million (excluding the real estate collateral in our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment that we took back on a $40.0 million note receivable, inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges of $25.8$59.8 million, and an increasepretax income of $8.4 million in consolidated inventories not owned), a net increase in receivables of $2.2 million and other operating uses of $2.3 million. The net decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities was largely due to payments we made in connection with the consensual plan of reorganization for South Edge and in resolving other matters surrounding the underlying joint venture.$38.4 million.
Investing Activities. Investing activities used net cash of $16.8 million in 2013 and $.8$11.3 million in 2012,2015, $44.8 million in 2014 and provided net$16.8 million in 2013. The year-over-year decrease in cash of $13.1 millionused in 2011. The changeinvesting activities in net investing cash flows2015 was primarily due to a decrease in 2013 compared to 2012 primarily reflected our contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures to $20.6 million and a slight decrease in 2013, compared to a return of investment in unconsolidated joint ventures in 2012. The year-over-year change in net investing cash flows in 2012 was mainly due to proceeds of $80.6 million we received in 2011 from the sale of a multi-level residential building we had operated as a rental property in our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, partly offset by investments in unconsolidated joint ventures that year.
In 2013, cash of $14.4 million was mainly used for contributions to Home Community Mortgage and two unconsolidated joint ventures within our homebuilding reporting segment, and $2.4 million was used for net purchases of property and equipment. In 2012, equipment, which

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$1.7 million was used for net purchases of property and equipment. The cash used was largelywere partially offset by $1.0 million of cash provided by a return of investment in unconsolidated joint ventures. In 2011, the $80.6 million we received from the sale of the

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multi-level residential building was partly offset by $67.2 million used for investments in unconsolidated joint ventures of $14.0 million. In 2014, the year-over-year increase in net cash used in investing activities was largely due to increased contributions of $49.1 million to unconsolidated joint ventures, partly offset by proceeds of $10.1 million from the sale of our investment in an unconsolidated joint venture in Maryland. In 2013, we used net cash primarily for $14.4 million of contributions to HCM and $.3 million used for net purchases of property and equipment.two other unconsolidated joint ventures within our homebuilding operations.
Financing Activities. Financing activities provided net cash of $31.7 million in 2015, $501.7 million in 2014 and $467.1 million in 2013 and $73.8 million in 2012, and used net cash of $155.9 million in 2011. The increase2013. In 2015, the year-over-year change in cash provided by financing activities was largely due to the issuance of senior notes and common stock in 20132014. In 2015, cash was mainly provided by proceeds of $250.0 million received from the issuance of the 7.625% Senior Notes due 2023 and a decrease of $17.9 million in our restricted cash balance. The cash provided was partly offset by cash used to retire the remaining $199.9 million in aggregate principal amount of our 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015 at their maturity on June 15, 2015, payments on mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans of $22.9 million, dividend payments on our common stock of $9.2 million, and the payment of debt issuance costs of $4.6 million associated with the issuance of the 7.625% Senior Notes due 2023 and the Credit Facility.
In 2014, the year-over-year increase in cash provided from financing activities primarily reflected $400.0 million from the issuance of the 4.75% senior notes due 2019 (“4.75% Senior Notes due 2019”) and net proceeds of $137.0 million from the underwritten public issuance of 7,986,111 shares of our common stock. In 2013, net cash provided by financing activities was mainly due to the concurrent underwritten public issuances of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and the Common Stock Offering,6,325,000 shares of our common stock, which together generated total net proceeds of $332.2 million, and the underwritten public issuance of the our 7.00% senior notes due 2021 (“7.00% Senior Notes due 2021,2021”), partly offset by the retirement of certain of our senior notes duethat were scheduled to mature in 2014 and 2015, through a combination of purchases made pursuant to the applicable October 2013 Tender Offers and redemptions, and payments on mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans. In 2012, we generated cash from financing activities mainly as a result of the issuances of the 8.00% senior notes due 2020 (the “8.00% Senior Notes due 2020”) and the 7.50% senior notes due 2022 (the “7.50% Senior Notes due 2022”), partly offset by the purchase of certain of our senior notes due in 2014 and 2015 pursuant to the applicable January 2012 Tender Offers and July 2012 Tender Offers.
In 2013, sources of financing cash included total net proceeds of $680.0 million from the issuances of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021, net proceeds of $109.5 million from the issuance of common stock in the Common Stock Offering, $2.2 million of cash provided from the issuance of common stock under employee stock plans and a decrease of $.5 million in our restricted cash balance. The cash provided was partially offset by $225.4 million used for the retirement of $215.1 million in aggregate principal amount of certain of our senior notes due 2014 and 2015 through a combination of purchases made pursuant to the applicable October 2013 Tender Offers and redemptions; payments on mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans of $66.3 million; the payment of debt issuance costs of $16.5 million associated with our issuances of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021 and costs associated with our entry into the Credit Facility, repurchases of our common stock of $8.5 million as discussed in Note 17. Stockholders’ Equity in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, and dividend payments on our common stock of $8.4 million.
In 2012, cash was provided by net proceeds of $694.8 million from the issuances of the 8.00% Senior Notes due 2020 and the 7.50% Senior Notes due 2022, a decrease of $22.1 million in our restricted cash balance and $.6 million of cash provided from the issuance of common stock under employee stock plans. The cash provided was partially offset by $592.6 million used to purchase $340.0 million in aggregate principal amount of certain of our senior notes due 2014 and 2015 pursuant to the applicable January 2012 Tender Offers and $244.9 million in aggregate principal amount of certain of our senior notes due 2014 and 2015 pursuant to the applicable July 2012 Tender Offers, including expenses associated with the applicable tender offers and with the issuances of the 8.00% Senior Notes due 2020 and the 7.50% Senior Notes due 2022. Uses of cash in 2012 also included payments on mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans of $26.3 million, the payment of senior note issuance costs of $12.4 million, dividend payments on our common stock of $10.6 million, and stock repurchases of $1.8 million in connection with the satisfaction of employee withholding taxes on vested restricted stock.
In 2011, cash was used for the repayment of the remaining $100.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 6 3/8% senior notes due 2011 (the “6 3/8% Senior Notes due 2011”) at their August 15, 2011 maturity, and for net payments on mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans of $89.5 million, primarily related to the repayment of debt secured by the multi-level residential building we sold during the year. Uses of cash in 2011 also included dividend payments on our common stock of $19.2 million. The cash used was partially offset by a $51.0 million decrease in our restricted cash balance, of which $26.8 million related to cash collateral no longer required on a surety bond, and $1.8 million of cash provided from the issuance of common stock under employee stock plans.
Our board of directors declared four quarterly cash dividends of $.0250 per share of common stock in 2015, 2014 and 2013. During 2012, our boardCash dividends declared and paid during each of directors declared a cash dividend of $.0625 the years ended November 30, 2015, 2014 and 2013 totaled $.10 per share of common stock in the first quarter and quarterly dividends of $.0250 per share of common stock in each of the second, third and fourth quarters. In the second quarter of 2012, our board of directors decided to reduce the quarterly cash dividend from $.0625 per share to enable the redeployment of our unrestricted cash in support of our strategic growth initiatives. Our board of directors declared four quarterly cash dividends of$.0625per share of common stock during 2011.stock. The declaration and payment of future cash dividends on our common stock are at the discretion of our board of directors, and depend upon, among other things, our expected future earnings, cash flows, capital requirements, debt structure and any adjustments thereto, operational and financial investment strategy and general financial condition, as well as general business conditions.
Shelf Registration Statement. We have an automatically effective universal shelf registration statement (“2014 Shelf Registration”), which was filed on July 18, 2014, on file with the SEC, which was filed on September 20, 2011 (the “2011 Shelf Registration”). The 2011 Shelf Registration registers the offeringSEC. Issuances of debt and equity securities that we may issue from time to time in amountsunder our 2014 Shelf Registration require the filing of a prospectus supplement identifying the amount and terms of the securities to be determined. In 2013, we conducted the concurrent underwritten public issuances of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019issued. Our ability to issue equity and/or debt is subject to market conditions and the Common Stock Offering, and the underwritten public issuance of the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021 under the 2011 Shelf Registration. In 2012, we issued both the 8.00% Senior Notes due 2020 and the 7.50% Senior Notes due 2022 under the 2011 Shelf Registration.other factors impacting our borrowing capacity.

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Share Repurchase Program. As of November 30, 2013,2015, we were authorized to repurchase 4,000,000 shares of our common stock under a board-approved share repurchase program. We did not repurchase any of our common stock underAs discussed in Note 24. Subsequent Event in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this program in 2013, 2012 or 2011. Any resumption of such stock repurchases under this program or any other program will be at the discretion ofreport, on January 12, 2016, our board of directors.directors authorized us to repurchase a total of up to 10,000,000 shares of our outstanding common stock.  This authorization reaffirmed and incorporated the then-current balance of 4,000,000 shares that remained under the prior board-approved share repurchase program.
Unrelated to the common stock repurchase plan, as further discussed in Note 17. Stockholders’ Equity in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, in connection with an amendment of the Amended and Restated KB Home Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan (the “Director(“Director Plan”) as discussed in Note 17. Stockholders’ Equity in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report,2014, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of no more than 680,000 shares of our common stock solely as necessary for director elections with respect to settling outstanding stock appreciation rights awards granted under the Director Plan (“Director Plan SARs”). As of November 30, 2015, no Director Plan SARs had been settled. During 2013, we repurchased through open market transactions 478,294 shares of our common stock at an aggregate price of $7.9 million pursuant to a board of directors authorization to repurchase no more than 482,000 shares of our common stock solely as necessary for director elections in respect of outstanding stock units under the Director Plan. During the third quarter of 2013, we repurchased through open market transactions 478,294 shares of our common stock pursuant to this board of directors authorization at an aggregate price of $7.9 million. We do not anticipate any additional repurchases of our common stock pursuant to this board of directors authorization.
In the present environment, we are managing our use of cash for investments to maintain and grow our business. Based on our current capital position,We believe we believe that we will have adequate capital resources and sufficient access to the credit and capital markets and external financing sources to satisfy our current and reasonably anticipated long-term requirements for funds to acquire capitalassets and land, to use and/or develop acquired assets and land, to construct homes, to finance our financial services operations and to meet other needs in the ordinary course of our business. Although our land and land development activities for 2014 will be subjectIn addition to market conditions and available opportunities, we will likely use a portion of our unrestricted cash resources to acquireacquiring and/or developdeveloping land that meets our investment return and marketing standards. In 2014,standards, in 2016, we may also use or redeploy our unrestricted cash resources or cash borrowings under the Credit Facility to support other business purposes that are aligned with our primary strategic goals, including our growth initiatives. In addition, wegoals. We may also arrange or engage in capital markets, bank loan, project debt or other financial transactions, and/or expand the capacity of the Credit Facility or the LOC Facilities or enter into additional such facilities.transactions. These transactions may include repurchases from time to time of our outstanding common stock. They may also include repurchases from time to time of our outstanding senior notes or other debt through

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redemptions, tender offers, exchange offers, private exchanges, open market or private purchases or other means, and may include potential new issuances of equity or senior or convertible senior notes or other debt through public offerings, private placements or other arrangements to raise newor access additional capital to support our current land and land development investment targets, to complete strategic transactions and for other business purposes and/or to effect repurchases or redemptions of our outstanding senior notes or other debt. As necessary or desirable, we may adjust or amend the terms of and/or expand the capacity of the Credit Facility or the LOC Facilities, or enter into additional letter of credit facilities, or other similar facility arrangements, in each case with the same or other financial institutions, or allow any such facilities to mature or expire. Our ability to engage in such financial transactions, however, may be constrained by economic, capital, credit and/or financial market conditions, investor interest and/or our current leverage ratios, and we can provide no assurance of the success or costs of any such transactions.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. As discussed in Note 9. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, we have investments in unconsolidated joint ventures that conduct land acquisition, land development and/or other homebuilding activities in various markets where our homebuilding operations are located.
We and our unconsolidated joint venture partners make initial and/or ongoing capital contributions to these unconsolidated joint ventures, typically on a pro rata basis, equal to our respective equity interests. The obligations to make capital contributions are governed by each unconsolidated joint venture’s respective operating agreement and related governing documents. We also share in the profits and losses of these unconsolidated joint ventures generally in accordance with our respective equity interests. Our unconsolidated joint ventures had total combined assets of $406.0$207.0 million at November 30, 20132015 and $389.8$182.2 million at November 30, 2012.2014. Our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures totaled $130.2$71.6 million at November 30, 20132015 and $123.7$79.4 million at November 30, 2012.
Our unconsolidated joint ventures finance land and inventory investments for a project through a variety2014. As of arrangements, and certainNovember 30, 2015, one of our unconsolidated joint ventures had outstanding secured debt of $39.1 million under a construction loan agreement. The unconsolidated joint venture’s outstanding secured debt is non-recourse to us and is scheduled to mature in August 2018. While we and our partner in the unconsolidated joint venture provided certain guarantees and indemnities to the lender, we do not have obtained loans from third-party lendersa guaranty or any other obligation to repay or to support the value of the collateral underlying the unconsolidated joint venture’s outstanding secured debt under the construction loan agreement. We do not believe that areour existing exposure under our guaranty and indemnity obligations related to the unconsolidated joint venture’s outstanding secured bydebt under the underlying property and related project assets. However, noneconstruction loan agreement is material to our consolidated financial statements. None of our other unconsolidated joint ventures had outstanding debt at November 30, 2015. None of our unconsolidated joint ventures had outstanding debt at November 30, 2013 or 2012.
As further discussed in Note 9. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures as2014. In addition, none of November 30, 2013 and 2012 included our investment of $75.9 million and $71.0 million, respectively, in Inspirada Builders, LLC, an unconsolidated joint venture that was formed in 2011 in connection with the consensual plan of reorganization for the South Edge joint venture, and in which a subsidiary that is 100% owned by us is a member. As part of the terms of the reorganization plan for South Edge, land previously owned by the joint venture, including our share that consists of approximately 600 developable acres, was acquired by Inspirada Builders, LLC in November 2011. We anticipate that we will acquire our share of the land from Inspirada Builders, LLC through a future distribution.
Our investments in joint ventures may create a variable interest in a variable interest entity (“VIE”), depending on the contractual terms of the arrangement. We analyze our joint ventures in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 810, “Consolidation” (“ASC 810”), to determine whether they are VIEs and, if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary. None of

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our joint ventures at November 30, 2013 and 2012 2015 or November 30, 2014 were determined under the provisions of ASC 810 to be VIEs. All of our joint ventures were unconsolidated and accounted for under the equity method because we did not have a controlling financial interest.
Land Option Contracts and Other Similar Contracts. As discussed in Note 8. Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, in the ordinary course of our business, we enter into land option contracts and other similar contracts with third parties and unconsolidated entities to acquire rights to land for the construction of homes. At November 30, 2015, we had total cash deposits of $54.5 million to purchase land having an aggregate purchase price of $1.19 billion. At November 30, 2014, we had total deposits of $33.2 million, comprised of $33.1 million of cash deposits and $.1 million of letters of credit, to purchase land having an aggregate purchase price of $958.5 million. Our land option contracts and other similar contracts generally do not contain provisions requiring our specific performance. Our decision to exercise a particular land option contract or other similar contract depends on the results of our due diligence reviews and ongoing market and project feasibility analysis that we conduct after entering into such a contract. In some cases, our decision to exercise a land option contract or other similar contract may be conditioned on the land seller obtaining necessary entitlements, such as zoning rights and environmental and development approvals, and/or physically developing the underlying land by a pre-determined date. We analyze eachtypically have the ability not to exercise our rights to the underlying land for any reason and forfeit our deposits without further penalty or obligation to the sellers. If we were to acquire all of the land we controlled under our land option contracts and other similar contracts underat November 30, 2015, we estimate the provisions of ASC 810remaining purchase price to determine whether the land seller is a VIEbe paid would be as follows: 2016 – $611.7 million; 2017 – $228.1 million; 2018 – $79.2 million; 2019 – $55.9 million; 2020 – $49.6 million; and if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary. Although we do not have legal titlethereafter – $108.7 million.
In addition to the underlyingcash deposits, our exposure to loss related to our land ASC 810 requires us to consolidate a VIE if we are determined to be the primary beneficiary. In determining whether we are the primary beneficiary, we consider, amongoption contracts and other things, whether we have the power to direct the activitiessimilar contracts consisted of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance. Such activities would include, among other things, determining or limiting the scope or purposepre-acquisition costs of the VIE, selling or transferring property owned or controlled by the VIE, or arranging financing for the VIE. As a result of$65.6 million at November 30, 2015 and $48.0 million at November 30, 2014. These pre-acquisition costs and cash deposits were included in inventories in our analyses, weconsolidated balance sheets.
We determined that as of November 30, 20132015 and 2012November 30, 2014 we were not the primary beneficiary of any VIEs from which we have acquired rights to land under land option contracts and other similar contracts.
The following table presents a summary of our interests in land option contracts and other similar contracts (in thousands):
 November 30, 2013 November 30, 2012
 
Cash
Deposits
 
Aggregate
Purchase Price
 
Cash
Deposits
 
Aggregate
Purchase Price
Unconsolidated VIEs$11,063
 $616,000
 $8,463
 $327,196
Other land option contracts and other similar contracts30,502
 535,496
 17,219
 298,139
 $41,565
 $1,151,496
 $25,682
 $625,335
In addition to the cash deposits presented in the table above, our exposure to loss related to our land option contracts and other similar contracts with third parties and unconsolidated entities consisted of pre-acquisition costs of $31.0 million at November 30, 2013 and $25.4 million at November 30, 2012. These pre-acquisition costs and cash deposits were included in inventories on our consolidated balance sheets. We also had outstanding letters of credit of $.1 million at November 30, 2013 and $.5 million at November 30, 2012 in lieu of cash deposits under certain land option contracts and other similar contracts.
We also evaluate our land option contracts and other similar contracts for financing arrangements, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 470, “Debt” (“ASC 470”), and, as a result of our evaluations, increased inventories, with a corresponding increase to accrued expenses and other liabilities, in our consolidated balance sheets by$8.9 $110.0 million at November 30, 20132015 and $4.1$3.1 million at November 30, 2012.2014.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS
The following table presents our future cash requirements under contractual obligations as of November 30, 20132015 (in millions):

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Payments due by PeriodPayments due by Period
Total 2014 2015-2016 2017-2018 ThereafterTotal 2016 2017-2018 2019-2020 Thereafter
Contractual obligations:                  
Long-term debt$2,150.5
 $8.8
 $204.7
 $561.3
 $1,375.7
$2,630.7
 $35.7
 $565.0
 $980.0
 $1,050.0
Interest885.9
 147.3
 276.3
 230.4
 231.9
809.6
 174.1
 309.0
 199.9
 126.6
Inventory-related obligations (a)29.6
 9.5
 3.6
 3.2
 13.3
148.8
 74.8
 39.7
 3.4
 30.9
Operating lease obligations18.8
 7.2
 8.5
 2.7
 .4
35.4
 7.6
 10.7
 7.7
 9.4
Total (b)$3,084.8
 $172.8
 $493.1
 $797.6
 $1,621.3
$3,624.5
 $292.2
 $924.4
 $1,191.0
 $1,216.9
(a)Represents liabilities for inventory not owned associated with financing arrangements as discussed in Note 8. Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, as well as liabilities for fixed or determinable amounts associated with tax increment financing entitiesactivities (“TIFE”) and liabilities related to inventory not owned.assessments. As homes are delivered, the obligation to pay the remaining TIFE assessments associated with each underlying lot is transferred to the homebuyer. As such, these assessment obligations will be paid by us only to the extent we do not deliver thehomes on applicable homeslots before the debt matures.related TIFE obligations mature.
(b)Total contractual obligations exclude our accrual for uncertain tax positions recorded for financial reporting purposes as of November 30, 20132015 because we are unable to make a reasonable estimate of cash settlements with the respective taxing authorities for all periods presented. We anticipate these potential cash settlement requirements for 20142016 to range from $.1 millionzero to $.3$.1 million.

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We are often requiredAs discussed in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to provide to various municipalities and other government agencies performance bonds and/or letters of credit to secure the completion of our projects and/orConsolidated Financial Statements in support of obligations to build community improvements such as roads, sewers, water systems and other utilities, and to support similar development activities by certain of our unconsolidated joint ventures. At November 30, 2013,this report, we had $410.8$565.4 million of performance bonds and $41.5 million of letters of credit outstanding. At November 30, 2012, we had $286.1 million of performance bonds and $41.9$33.4 million of letters of credit outstanding. If any suchoutstanding at November 30, 2015. At November 30, 2014, we had $541.6 million of performance bonds orand $26.7 million of letters of credit are called, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the performance bond or letter of credit. We do not believe that a material amount of any currently outstanding performance bonds or letters of credit will be called. Performance bonds do not have stated expiration dates. Rather, we are released from the performance bonds as the underlying performance is completed. The expiration dates of some letters of credit issued in connection with community improvements coincide with the expected completion dates of the related projects or obligations. Most letters of credit, however, are issued with an initial term of one year and are typically extended on a year-to-year basis until the related performance obligations are completed.outstanding.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Discussed belowThe accompanying consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. See Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report for a discussion of our significant accounting policies. The following are accounting policies that we believe are critical because of the significance of the activity to which they relate or because they require the use of significant judgmentestimates, judgments and/or other assumptions in their application.
Homebuilding Revenue Recognition. As discussed in Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, revenuesRevenues from housing and other real estate sales are recognized in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” (“ASC 360”), when sales are closed and title passes to the buyer. Sales are closed when all of the following conditions are met: a sale is consummated, a sufficient down payment is received, the earnings process is complete and the collection of any remaining receivables is reasonably assured. Concurrent with the recognition of revenues in our consolidated statements of operations, sales incentives in the form of price concessions on the selling price of a home are recorded as a reduction of revenues, while the cost of sales incentives in the form of a free productproducts or serviceservices to homebuyers, including option upgrades and closing cost allowances used to cover a portion of the fees and costs charged to a homebuyer, areis reflected as construction and land costs.
Inventories and Cost of Sales. As discussed in Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, hHousing and land inventories are stated at cost, unless the carrying value is determined not to be recoverable, in which case the affected inventories are written down to fair value in accordance with ASC 360.or fair value less costs to sell. Fair value is determined based on estimated future net cash flows discounted for inherent risks associated with the real estate assets, or other valuation techniques. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process and other factors beyond our control, it is possible that actual results could differ from those estimated. Our inventories typically do not consist of completed unsold homes. However, cancellations or strategic considerations may result in our having some inventory of unsold completed or partially completed homes.partially-completed homes in our inventory.
Our inventories include land we are holding for future development, which is comprised of land where development activity has been suspended or has not yet begun but is expected to occur in the future. These assets held for future development are located in various submarkets where conditions do not presently support further investment or development, or are subject to a building permit moratorium or regulatory restrictions, or are portions of larger land parcels that we plan to build out over several years and/or that have not yet been entitled. We may also suspend development activity if we believe it will result in greater returns and/or maximize the economic performance of a particular community by delaying improvements for a period of time to, for instance, allow earlier phases of a long-term, multi-phase community or a neighboring community to generate sales momentum or for market

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conditions to improve. We In some instances, we may activate or resume development activity when we believe our investment infor this inventory will be optimized or, in some instances, to accelerate sales pace and/or our return on investment, and weinvestment. We have activated assets previously held for future development in certain markets as part of our strategic growth initiatives. Interest and real estate taxes are not capitalized on land held for future development. As discussed in Note 6. Inventories in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, for those communities for which development activity has been suspended, applicable interest and real estate taxes are expensed as incurred.
We rely on certain estimates to determine our construction and land costs and resulting housing gross profit margins associated with revenues recognized. Construction and land costs are comprised of direct and allocated costs, including estimated future costs for warrantiesthe limited warranty we provide on our homes and amenities.certain amenities within a community. Land acquisition, land development and other common costs are generally allocated on a relative fair value basis to the homes or lots within athe applicable community or land parcel. Land acquisition and land development costs include related interest and real estate taxes.
In determining a portion of the construction and land costs recognized for each period, we rely on project budgets that are based on a variety of assumptions, including future construction schedules and costs to be incurred. It is possible that actual results could differ from budgeted amounts for various reasons, including construction delays, labor or materialsconstruction resource shortages, increases in

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costs that have not yet been committed, changes in governmental requirements, unforeseen environmental hazard discoveries or other unanticipated issues encountered during construction and other factors beyond our control. While the actual results for a particular construction project are accurately reported over time, variances between the budgeted and actual costs of a project could result in the understatement or overstatement of construction and land costs and homebuilding gross profits in a particular reporting period. To reduce the potential for such distortion, we have set forth procedures that collectively comprise a “criticalcritical accounting policy. These procedures, which we have applied on a consistent basis, include assessing, updating and revising project budgets on a monthly basis, obtaining commitments from independent subcontractors and vendors for future costs to be incurred, reviewing the adequacy of warranty accruals and historical warranty claims experience, and utilizing the most current information available to estimate construction and land costs to be charged to expense. Variances to the budgeted costs after an estimate has been charged to expense that are related to project costs are generally allocated on a relative fair value basis to the remaining homes to be delivered within the community or land parcel, while such variances related to direct construction costs are generally expensed as incurred. The variances between budgeted and actual costs have historically not been material to our consolidated financial statements. We believe that our policies provide for reasonably dependable estimates to be used in the calculation and reporting of construction and land costs.
Inventory Impairments and Land Option Contract Abandonments. As discussed in Note 7. Inventory Impairments and Land Option Contract Abandonments in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, eEach community or land parcel in our owned inventory is assessed to determine if indicators of potential impairment exist. Impairment indicators are assessed separately for each community or land parcel on a quarterly basis and include, but are not limited to, the following: significant decreases in net orders, average selling prices, volume of homes delivered, gross profit margins on homes delivered or projected gross profit margins on homes in backlog or future deliveries; significant increases in budgeted land development and home construction costs or cancellation rates; or projected losses on expected future land sales. If indicators of potential impairment exist for a community or land parcel, the identified asset is evaluated for recoverability in accordance with ASC 360.recoverability.
The following table presents information regarding inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges included in construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations (dollars in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Inventory impairments:          
Number of communities or land parcels evaluated for recoverability (a)67
 135
 138
35
 32
 31
Number of communities or land parcels impaired (b)1
 14
 12
Carrying value of communities or land parcels evaluated for recoverability (a)$286,333
 $266,850
 $145,980
          
Pre-impairment carrying value of communities or land parcels impaired$1,534
 $67,958
 $56,752
Inventory impairment charges (b)(391) (28,107) (22,730)
Number of communities or land parcels written down to fair value4
 8
 1
Pre-impairment carrying value of communities or land parcels written down to fair value$20,018
 $68,223
 $1,534
Inventory impairment charges(8,030) (37,628) (391)
Post-impairment fair value$1,143
 $39,851
 $34,022
$11,988
 $30,595
 $1,143
          
Land option contract abandonment charges:          
Number of lots abandoned295
 446
 830
1,166
 1,306
 295
Land option contract abandonment charges$3,190
 $426
 $3,061
$1,561
 $1,803
 $3,190

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(a)
As impairment indicators are assessed on a quarterly basis, some of the communities or land parcels evaluated during the years ended November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 20112013 were evaluated in more than one quarterly period.
(b)
The higher level of inventory impairment charges we recorded during 2012 and 2011, as compared to 2013, reflected challenging economic and housing market conditions in certain of our served markets in those years. In addition, the inventory impairment charges in 2012 were partly due to changes to our operational or selling strategy for certain communities in an effort to accelerate sales pace and/or our return on investment. The inventory impairment charges in 2011 also included an $18.1 million adjustment to the fair value of real estate collateral in our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment that we took back on a note receivable. In some cases, we have recognized impairment charges for particular communities Communities or land parcels evaluated for recoverability in multiple years.
more than one quarterly period, if any, are counted only once for each year shown.
When an indicator of potential impairment is identified for a community or land parcel, we test the asset for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of the asset to the undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. The undiscounted future net cash flows are impacted by then-current conditions and trends in the market in which the asset is located as well as factors known to us at the time the cash flows are calculated. With the undiscounted future net cash flows, we also consider recent trends in our orders, backlog, cancellation rates and volume of homes delivered, as well as our expectations related

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to the following: product offerings; market supply and demand, including estimated average selling prices and related price appreciation; and land development, home construction and overhead costs to be incurred and related cost inflation.With respect to the year ended November 30, 2013, these expectations reflected our experience that, notwithstanding fluctuations in our company-wide net orders, backlog levels, homes delivered and housing gross profit margin, on a year-over-year basis, market conditions for each of our assets in inventory where impairment indicators were identified have been generally stable or improved, with no significant deterioration identified as to revenue and cost drivers that would prevent or otherwise impact recoverability. Based on this experience, and taking into account the signs of stability and improvement in many markets for new home sales, our inventory assessments as of November 30, 2013 considered an expected steady overall sales pace and average selling price performance for 2014 relative to the pace and performance in recent quarters. While in the fourth quarter of 2013, our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment reported year-over-year decreases in homes delivered, net orders and ending backlog, these decreases were largely due to our selling through older communities and shifting our investment strategy to favor coastal California submarkets, and delays in opening new communities, and were not reflective of a decline in market conditions, particularly as the average selling price of homes delivered in the segment increased by 29% in the 2013 fourth quarter and the housing gross profit margin improved to 22.2% from 14.3%.
Given the inherent challenges and uncertainties in forecasting future results, our inventory assessments at the time they are made take into consideration whether a community or land parcel is active, meaning whether it is open for sales and/or undergoing development, or whether it is being held for future development. Due to the short-term nature of active communities and land parcels as compared to land held for future development, our inventory assessments generally assume the continuation of then-current market conditions, subject to identifying information suggesting significant sustained changes in such conditions. These assessments, at the time made, generally anticipate net orders, average selling prices, volume of homes delivered and costs for land development and home construction to continue at or near then-current levels through the particular asset’s estimated remaining life. Inventory assessments for our land held for future development consider then-current market conditions as well as subjective forecasts regarding the timing and costs of land development and home construction and related cost inflation; the product(s) to be offered; and the net orders, volume of homes delivered, and selling prices and related price appreciation of the offered product(s) when an associated community is anticipated to open for sales. We evaluate various factors to develop these forecasts, including the availability of and demand for homes and finished lots within the relevant marketplace; historical, current and expected future sales trends for the marketplace; and third-party data, if available. These various estimates, trends, expectations and assumptions used in each of our inventory assessments are specific to each community or land parcel based on what we believe are reasonable forecasts for performance and may vary among communities or land parcels and may vary over time.
We record an inventory impairment charge when the carrying value of a real estate asset is greater than the undiscounted future net cash flows the asset is expected to generate. These real estate assets are written down to fair value, which is primarily based on the estimated future net cash flows discounted for inherent risk associated with each such asset. Inputs used in our calculation of estimated discounted future net cash flows are specific to each affected community or land parcelreal estate asset and are based on our expectations for each such asset as of the applicable measurement date, including, among others, expectations related to average selling prices and volume of homes delivered. The discount rates used in our estimated discounted cash flows ranged from 17% to 20% during 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 2011.2013. The discount rates we used were impacted by the following at the time the calculation was made: the risk-free rate of return; expected risk premium based on estimated land development, home construction and delivery timelines; market risk from potential future price erosion; cost uncertainty due to land development or home construction cost increases; and other risks specific to the asset or conditions in the market in which the asset is located.
Inventories associated with planned future land sales are stated at the lower of cost or fair value less costs to sell. The estimated fair value of such assets is generally based on an executed contract, broker quotes or similar information.
As of November 30, 2013,2015, the aggregate carrying value of our inventory that had been impacted by inventory impairment charges was $293.1$254.2 million,, representing 4228 communities and various other land parcels. As of November 30, 2012,2014, the aggregate carrying value of our inventory that had been impacted by inventory impairment charges was $307.2$266.6 million,, representing 4633 communities and various other land parcels.
Our inventory controlled under land option contracts and other similar contracts is assessed to determine whether it continues to meet our internal investment and marketing standards. Assessments are made separately for each optioned land parcel on a quarterly basis and are affected by the following factors relative to the market in which the asset is located, among others: current and/or anticipated net orders, average selling prices and volume of homes delivered; estimated land development and home construction costs; and projected profitability on expected future housing or land sales. When a decision is made not to exercise certain land option contracts and other similar contracts due to market conditions and/or changes in our marketing strategy, we write off the related inventory costs, including non-refundable deposits and unrecoverable pre-acquisition costs.
The estimated remaining life of each community or land parcel in our inventory depends on various factors, such as the total number of lots remaining; the expected timeline to acquire and entitle land and develop lots to build homes; the anticipated future net order and cancellation rates; and the expected timeline to build and deliver homes sold. While it is difficult to determine a precise timeframe for any particular inventory asset, based on current market conditions and expected delivery timelines, we estimate our inventory assets’ remaining operating lives under current and expected future market conditions to range generally from one year to in excess of 10 years. Based on current market conditionsyears and expect to

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and expected delivery timelines, we expect to realize, on an overall basis, the majority of our current inventory balance within five years. The following table presents our inventory balance as of November 30, 2013,2015, based on our current estimated timeframe of delivery for the last home within an applicable community or land parcel (in millions):
 0-2 years 3-5 years 6-10 years 
Greater than
10 years
 Total
Inventories as of November 30, 2013$1,109.4
 $621.1
 $409.7
 $158.4
 $2,298.6
 0-2 years 3-5 years 6-10 years 
Greater than
10 years
 Total
Inventories$1,466.8
 $1,357.7
 $341.5
 $147.7
 $3,313.7
The inventory balancebalances in the 6 to 100-2 years category as of November 30, 2013 wasand 3-5 years categories were located throughout all of our homebuilding reporting segments, though mostly in our West Coast and SoutheastCentral homebuilding reporting segments, and collectively represented 85% of our total inventory balance at November 30, 2015. The inventory balance in the 6-10 years category as of November 30, 2015 was located across all of our homebuilding reporting segments. The inventory balance in the greater than 10 years category as of November 30, 20132015 was primarily located in our West Coast Southwest, and SoutheastSouthwest homebuilding reporting segments. The inventory balances in the 6 to 106-10 years and greater than 10 years categories which collectively represented 25% of our total inventory at November 30, 2013, were primarily comprised of land held for future development.
Due to the judgment and assumptions applied in the estimation process with respect toour inventory impairments,impairment and land option contract abandonments,abandonment assessment processes, and in our estimations of the remaining operating lives of our inventory assets and the realization of our inventory balances, particularly as to inventoryland held for future development, it is possible that actual results could differ substantially from those estimated.
Deterioration in the supply and demand factors in the overall housing market or in an individual market or submarket, or changes to our operational or selling strategy at certain communities may lead to additional inventory impairment charges, future charges associated with land sales or the abandonment of land option contracts or other similar contracts related to certain assets. Due to the nature or location of the projects, land held for future development that we activate as part of our strategic growth initiatives or to accelerate sales and/or our return on investment may have a somewhat greater likelihood of being impaired than other of our active inventory.
We believe that the carrying value of our inventory balance as of November 30, 20132015 is recoverable. Our considerations in making this determination include the factors and trends incorporated into our impairment analyses, and as applicable, the prevailing regulatory environment, competition from other homebuilders, inventory levels and sales activity of resale homes, and the local economic conditions where an asset is located. In addition, we consider the financial and operational status and expectations of our inventories as well as unique attributes of each community or land parcel that could be viewed as indicators for potential future impairments. However, if conditions in the overall housing market or in a specific marketsmarket or submarket worsen in the future beyond our current expectations, if future changes in our marketing strategy significantly affect any key assumptions used in our projections of future cash flows, or if there are material changes in any of the other items we consider in assessing recoverability, we may recognize charges in future periods for inventory impairments or land option contract abandonments, or both, related to our current inventory assets. Any such charges could be material to our consolidated financial statements.
Fair Value Measurements. As discussed in Note 14. Fair Value Disclosures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”), provides a framework for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities under GAAP, and establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The fair value hierarchy can be summarized as follows:
Level 1Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2Fair value determined using significant observable inputs, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data, by correlation or other means.
Level 3Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs, such as pricing models, discounted cash flows, or similar techniques.
Fair value measurements are used for inventories on a nonrecurring basis when events and circumstances indicate the carrying value is not recoverable.The fair values for long-lived assets held and used that were determined using Level 3 inputs were primarily based on the estimated future net cash flows discounted for inherent risk associated with each asset as described in Note 7. Inventory Impairments and Land Option Contract Abandonments in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. The discount rates we used were impacted by the following at the time the calculation was made: the risk-free rate of return; expected risk premium based on estimated land development, home construction and delivery timelines; market risk from potential future price erosion; cost uncertainty due to land development or home construction cost increases; and other risks specific to the asset or conditions in the market in which the asset is located. These factors were specific to each affected community or land parcel and may have varied among communities or land parcels. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, it is possible that actual results could differ from those estimated.
Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, senior notes, the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, and mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans. Fair value measurements of financial instruments are determined by various market data and other valuation techniques as appropriate. When available, we use quoted market prices in active markets to determine fair value.

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Warranty Costs. As discussed in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, we We provide a limited warranty on all of our homes. The specific terms and conditions of our limited warranty program vary depending upon the markets in which we do business. We estimate the costs that may be incurred under each limited warranty and record a liability in the amount of such costs at the time the revenue associated with the sale of each home is recognized. Our expense associated with In assessing our overall warranty liability at a reporting date, we evaluate the issuancecosts for warranty-related items on a combined basis for all of these warranties totaled $14.3 million in 2013, $8.4 million in 2012 and $4.9 million in 2011. The year-over-year increase in the expense associated with warranties issued in 2013 and 2012 reflected higher housing revenues in each of those years. Additionally, in 2013, we increased theour previously delivered homes that are under our limited warranty accrual rate per home based on historical claims experience.program.
Our primary assumption in estimating the amounts we accrue for warranty costs is that historical claims experience is a strong indicator of future claims experience. Factors that affect our warranty liability include the number of homes delivered, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of our accrued warranty liability,, which is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets, and adjust the amount as necessary based on our assessment.Our assessment includes the review of our actual warranty costs incurred to identify trends and changes in our warranty claims experience, and considers our home construction quality and customer service initiatives and outside events.
In assessing our overall warranty liability at a reporting date, we evaluate the costs for warranty-related items on a combined basis for all of our previously delivered homes that are under our limited warranty program. This includes any such homes in central and southwest Florida that have been identified as having water intrusion-related issues and similarly affected homes in central and southwest Florida that we believe are likely to be identified in the future as discussed in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. In 2013, based on our assessment of our overall warranty liability, we recorded adjustments to increase our warranty liability by $32.0 million with a corresponding charge to construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations. The adjustments reflected the remaining estimated repair costs associated with homes in central and southwest Florida that have been identified as having water intrusion-related issues and the estimated repair costs associated with similarly affected homes in central and southwest Florida that we believe are likely to be identified in the future, net of estimated probable recoveries of such repair costs and other adjustments.
Depending on the number of additional affected homes in central and southwest Florida that are identified as having water intrusion-related issues, and the actual costs we incur in future periods to repair identified affected homes, our estimate of costs to repair similarly affected homes in central and southwest Florida that we believe are likely be identified in the future, and/or actual or estimated costs to repair homes affected by other issues, including costs to provide affected homeowners with temporary housing, we may revise the amount of our estimated liability, which could result in an increase or decrease in our overall warranty liability. Based on our investigation of these water intrusion-related issues, we believe that our warranty liability is adequate to cover the estimated probable total repair costs on these affected homes, similarly affected homes that we believe are likely to be identified in the future and on homes affected by other issues, although we believe it is reasonably possible that our loss in this matter could exceed the amount accrued as of November 30, 2013 by up to $6 million.
In 2012 and 2011, notwithstanding our actual or estimated remaining repair cost related to the allegedly defective drywall material and water intrusion-related issues, as discussed in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, we had experienced favorable trends in our actual warranty costs incurred for the previous several years with respect to claims relating to other warranty-related items, reflecting, among other things, our ongoing focus on construction quality and customer service. Based on our assessments of these and other relevant factors on a combined basis, we determined that our overall warranty liability at the end of each year was sufficient to cover our overall warranty obligations on previously delivered homes that are under our limited warranty program. We recorded favorable warranty adjustments of $11.2 million during 2012 and $7.4 million during 2011 as reductions to construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations in those periods. Additionally, based on our assessment of our overall warranty liability as of November 30, 2012 on a combined basis for all of our previously delivered homes that were under our limited warranty, including the homes identified as affected or potentially affected by allegedly defective drywall material and the increased number of homes potentially affected by water intrusion-related issues, we recorded an adjustment to increase our overall warranty liability by $2.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2012 with a corresponding charge to construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations.
While we believe the warranty liability currently reflected in our consolidated balance sheets to be adequate, unanticipated changes or developments in the legal environment, local weather, land or environmental conditions, quality of materials or methods used in the construction of homes or customer service practices and the results of our investigation of and the repair efforts related to homes in central and southwest Florida affected by water intrusion-related issueswarranty claims experience could have a significant impact on our actual warranty costs in the future periods and such amounts could differ significantly from our current estimates. A 10% change in the historical warranty rates used to estimate our warranty accrual would not result in a material change in our accrual.
Self-Insurance. As discussed in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, weWe maintain, and require the majority of our independent subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance (including

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construction defect and bodily injury coverage) and workers’ compensation insurance. These insurance policies protect

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us against a portion of our risk of loss from claims related to our homebuilding activities, subject to certain self-insured retentions, deductibles and other coverage limits.We self-insure a portion of our overall risk through the use of a captive insurance subsidiary. We also maintain certain other insurance policies. In Arizona, California, Colorado and Nevada, our subcontractors’ general liability insurance primarily takes the form of a wrap-up policy, where eligible independent subcontractors are enrolled as insureds on each project. Enrolled subcontractors contribute toward the cost of the insurance and agree to pay a contractual amount in the future in the event ofif there is a claim related to their work.
We record expenses and liabilities based on the estimated costs required to cover our self-insured retention and deductible amounts under our insurance policies, and the estimated costs of potential claims and claim adjustment expenses that are above our coverage limits or that are not covered by our insurance policies. These estimated costs are based on an analysis of our historical claims and industry data, and include an estimate of construction defect claims incurred but not yet reported. Our estimated liabilities for such items were $92.2 million at November 30, 2013 and $93.3 million at November 30, 2012. These amounts are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. Our expenses associated with self-insurance totaled $8.2 million in 2013, $8.7 million in 2012 and $7.2 million in 2011. These expenses were largely offset by contributions from subcontractors participating in the wrap-up policy.
We engage a third-party actuary that uses our historical claim and expense data, as well as industry data, to estimate our liabilities related to unpaid claims, claim adjustment expenses, third-party recoveries and incurred but not yet reported claims forassociated with the risks that we are assuming underwith respect to our self-insurance.self-insurance and insurance policy deductibles. These estimates are subject to uncertainty due to a variety of factors, the most significant being the long period of time between the delivery of a home to a homebuyer and when a structural warranty or construction defect claim ismay be made, and the ultimate resolution of theany such construction defect claim. Though state regulations vary, structural warranty or construction defect claims arecan be reported and resolved over a prolongedlong period of time, which can extend for 10 years or longer.more. As a result, the majority of the estimated liability relates to incurred but not yet reported claims. Because the majority of our estimated liabilities relate to incurred but not yet reported claims and thus, adjustments related to individual existing claims generally do not significantly impact the overall estimated liability. Adjustments to our liabilities related to homes delivered in prior years are recorded in the period in which a change in our estimate occurs.
The projection of losses related to these liabilities requires the use of actuarial assumptions. Key assumptions thatused in these estimates include claim frequencies, severities and resolution patterns, which can occur over an extended period of time. These estimates are subject to variability due to the length of time between the delivery of a home to a homebuyer and when a structural warranty or construction defect claim is made, and the ultimate resolution of such claim; uncertainties regarding construction defectsuch claims relative to our markets and the types of product we build,build; insurance industry practicespractices; and legal or regulatory actions and/or interpretations, among other factors. Key assumptions usedDue to the degree of judgment involved and the potential for variability in these estimates include claim frequencies, severities and settlement patterns, which can occur over an extended period of time.underlying assumptions, our actual future costs could differ from those estimated. In addition, changes in the frequency and severity of reported claims and the estimates to settleresolve claims can impact the trends and assumptions used in the actuarial analysis, which could be material to our consolidated financial statements. Due to the degree of judgment required and the potential for variability in these underlying assumptions, our actual future costs could differ from those estimated. Based on the actuarial analysis performed, we believe it is reasonably possible that our losses related to construction defect claims as of November 30, 20132015 could range from $80$65 million to $105 million. While this range represents our best estimate of our ultimate liability,$95 million; however, there can be no assurance that the actual costs will fall within this range and they could be higher.
Stock-Based Compensation. As discussed in Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, weWe measure and recognize compensation expense associated with our grantgrants of equity-based awards in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 718, “Compensation—Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”), which requires that companies measure and recognize compensation expense at an amount equal to the fair value of such share-based payments granted under compensation arrangements over thetheir applicable vesting period. As discussed in Note 19. Employee Benefit and Stock Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, we We have provided compensation benefits to certain of our employees and non-employee directors in the form of stock options, restricted stock, performance-based restricted stock units (each a “PSU”), phantom shares and stock appreciation rights (“SARs”). Determining the fair value of share-based awards requires judgment to identify the appropriate valuation model and develop the assumptions to be used in the calculation, including the expected term of the stock options or SARs, expected stock-price volatility and dividend yield, to be used in the calculation. Judgment is also required in estimating the percentage of share-based awards that are expected to vest.yield. We estimate the fair value of stock options and SARs granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with assumptions based primarily on historical data. The expected volatility factor wasis based on a combination of the historical volatility of our common stock and the implied volatility of publicly traded options on our common stock. Additionally, judgment is required in estimating the percentage of share-based awards that are expected to vest, and in the case of PSUs, the level of performance that will be achieved and the number of shares that will be earned. If actual results differ significantly from these estimates, stock-based compensation expense could be higher and have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Income Taxes. As discussed in Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies12. Income Taxes in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, we account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740. The provision for, or benefit from, income taxes is calculated using the asset and liability method, under whichevaluate our deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are evaluated on a quarterly basis to determine if adjustments

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to theour valuation allowance are required. In accordance with ASC 740, we assess whether a valuation allowance should be establishedrequired based on the consideration of all available positive and negative evidence using a “more likely than not” standard with respect to whether deferred tax assets will be realized. This evaluation considers, among other factors, our historical operating results, our expectation of future profitability, the duration of the applicable statutory carryforward periods, and conditions in the housing market and the broader economy. The ultimate realization of our deferred tax assets depends primarily on the generation ofour ability to generate future taxable income.income during the periods in which the related temporary differences in the financial basis and the tax basis of the assets become deductible. The value of our deferred tax assets will dependdepends on applicable income tax rates. We base our estimate of deferred tax assets and liabilities on current tax laws and rates. In certain cases, we also base this estimate on business plan forecasts and other expectations about future outcomes. Changes in positive and negative evidence, including differences between our future operating results and estimates, could result in the establishment of an additional valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. Accounting for deferred taxes is based upon estimates of future results. Judgment is required in determining the future tax

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consequences of events that have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements and/or tax returns. Differences between the anticipated and actual outcomes of these future tax consequencesresults could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Also, changes in existing federal and state tax laws and tax rates could affect future tax results and the valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets.
As discussed in Note 12. Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, wWe recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in our consolidated financial statements as a component of the provision for or benefit from income taxes. Our liability for unrecognized tax benefits, combined with accrued interest and penalties, is reflected as a component of accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. Judgment is required in evaluating uncertain tax positions. We evaluate our uncertain tax positions quarterly based on various factors, including changes in facts or circumstances, tax laws or the status of audits by tax authorities. Changes in the recognition or measurement of uncertain tax positions could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements in the period in which we make the change.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 2011, the FinancialRecent accounting pronouncements are discussed in Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05, “Presentation of Comprehensive Income” (“ASU 2011-05”). The amendments in ASU 2011-05 allow an entity the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In both instances, an entity is required to present each component of net income along with total net income, each component of other comprehensive income along with a total for other comprehensive income, and a total amount for comprehensive income. ASU 2011-05 eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. The amendments in ASU 2011-05 do not change the items that must be reported in other comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income. However, in December 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-12, “Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05” (“ASU 2011-12”), which deferred the guidance on whether to require entities to present reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component in both the statement where net income is presented and the statement where other comprehensive income is presented for both interim and annual financial statements. ASU 2011-12 reinstated the requirements for the presentation of reclassifications that were in place prior to the issuance of ASU 2011-05 and did not change the effective date for ASU 2011-05. For public entities, the amendments in ASU 2011-05 and ASU 2011-12 are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011, and should be applied retrospectively. Our adoption of this guidance, which is related to disclosure only, as of February 28, 2013 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2013, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-02, “Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income” (“ASU 2013-02”), which requires an entity to provide information about the amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component. In addition, ASU 2013-02 requires an entity to present, either on the face of the income statement orPolicies in the notesNotes to financial statements, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income but only if the amount reclassified is required under GAAP to be reclassified to net incomeConsolidated Financial Statements in its entirety in the same reporting period. For other amounts, an entity is required to cross-reference to other disclosures required under GAAP that provide additional detail about those amounts. The amendments in ASU 2013-02 do not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in the financial statements. For public entities, the amendments in ASU 2013-02 are effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. Our adoption of this guidance, which is related to disclosure only, as of May 31, 2013 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In July 2013, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-11, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force)” (“ASU 2013-11”), which states that an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, should be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, except as follows. To the extent a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction to settle any additional income taxes that would result from the disallowance of a tax position or that the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction does not require the entity to use, and the entity does not intend to use, the deferred tax asset for such purpose, the unrecognized tax benefit should be presented in the financial statements as a liability and should not be combined with deferred tax assets. ASU 2013-11 applies to all entities that have unrecognized tax benefits when a net operating loss

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carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists at the reporting date. The amendments in ASU 2013-11 are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied prospectively to all unrecognized tax benefits that exist at the effective date. Retrospective application is permitted. We believe the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.report.
OUTLOOK
AsIn 2016, we enter 2014,intend to remain focused on executing on our core strategies and further accelerating the momentum we generated in 2015. Based on our ending community count and backlog levels at November 30, 2015, we believe we are well-positioned to extend the upward trajectory of our business into 2016. We expect the generally favorable conditions in most housingof our served markets to continue, to advance from the generally improved conditions of 2013, although it isthough likely to be at a more measured pace thanvarying degrees, based on their current supply and demand dynamics and fundamental trends in the first half of 2013. Inventories of both new and existing homes available for sale are low and there is steady demand for housing. We also expect the positive trends underpinning the present housing recovery, including population, growth, job growth, rising home equity levels,demographic and household formation growth abovegrowth. However, the ratepace and strength of new home construction,demand across our served markets, and in the overall U.S. housing market, will largely depend on consumer employment, income and confidence levels as well as mortgage lending standards and interest rates. Our present outlook for 2016 is as follows:
We expect our full-year housing revenues to remain intact for 2014. In addition, despitebe in the range of $3.35 billion to $3.65 billion, an increase from $3.02 billion in mortgage loan interest rates2015, driven by both a higher volume of homes delivered and a higher overall average selling price.
We expect to generate year-over-year improvement in our full-year housing gross profit margin. This improvement is anticipated to result primarily through an increasing proportion of homes delivered from recently opened communities, which in many cases are projected to produce higher housing gross profit margins compared to those achieved in 2015; raising home selling prices that slowed sales activityas market conditions allow and capturing incremental revenue opportunities through various lot and product premiums, and design studio options and upgrades; containing increases in direct construction costs to the second halfextent feasible; and delivering a higher number of 2013, housing affordability remains favorable by historical standards, and we believe demand for homes, which will remain healthy in 2014 as consumers accept higher home price levels. In our view, the housing recovery that began taking shape in 2012 is still at an early stage of a longer-term, sustainable upward cycle, with its progress largely dependent on economic growth. As a result, and given recent government reports of strong improvement in employment and GDP growth, we believe there is significant opportunity forallow us to build on the momentumbenefit from economies of scale and full-year net income we generated in 2013 to profitably expand our business in 2014.
Over the past few years, we have worked diligently to strategically position our homebuilding activities and inventory investments in higher-performing, desirable locations in land constrained growth markets, to refine our products to meet consumer preferences and to execute on related profitability and growth strategies. These coordinated actions are reshaping our geographic submarket and product mix and have resulted in an expansion of our customer base and achieve a better balance of first-time and move-up buyers within that base. Moreover, we are attracting buyers with higher household income levels and stronger credit profiles to our Built to Order homes, and they are choosing to purchase larger homes at higher price points and to spend more on design options and features at our KB Home Studios. These trends are clearest in our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment, where our investment focus toward coastal California submarkets, which feature generally higher selling prices and demand for homes as compared to the state’s inland submarkets, drove significant increases in the segment’s average selling price and housing gross profit margin in each quarter of 2013, both sequentially and on a year-over-year basis. With the performance we experienced in 2013 and the pipeline of new community openings we currently have in place for 2014, we expect our business in this segment, as well as in our other three homebuilding reporting segments, to continue to grow. Further, our deliberate strategic shift within our core homebuyer profile across our operations produced both top- and bottom-line improvements throughout 2013, and generated earnings in the second half of the year.operating leverage.
We believe our results for 2013 demonstrate the progress we have made on our profitability and revenue growth priorities. We achieved measurable improvement in our financial and operating performance on a year-over-year basis, with expansion in revenues, homes delivered, net order value and housing gross profit margin, and a reduction inexpect our selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of housing revenues. Most significantly, we reported full-year net income in 2013 forrevenues to improve on a year-over-year basis, continuing the first time since 2006. Withtrend of the backlog we have in place as of November 30, 2013, we believe the continued implementation ofpast several years, due to our strategic growth initiatives will drive year-over-year improvements in revenues, homes delivered, average selling price, housing gross profit margincost containment efforts and homebuildinganticipated improved operating income as a percentage of homebuilding revenues in 2014.
For 2014, as in 2013, we intend to prioritize increasing profitability per home delivered and executing on operational measures to grow revenues. Along with investing in land and land development and advancing the shift of our community mix towards higher-performing submarkets, we are focused on balancing three interconnected initiatives — optimizing sales pace, expanding margins, and growing our community count — with the goals of sustaining our present upward revenue and profit trajectory and maximizing returns on our land assets. In addition, we will continue to leverage the strengths of our KBnxt operational business model to capture additional premiums from higher-demand floor plans, community lot locations, home exterior elevations and certain structural options, among other revenue-generating strategies. Through these actions, we anticipate that our overall average selling price will continue to trend higher in 2014, though the percentage growth rate is expected to moderate to the mid- to high-single digit range for the year as we are starting from a higher base. volume of homes delivered and increased housing revenues.
We are also workingcurrently own and control all of the lots needed to meet our current 2016 delivery forecasts and a majority of the lots we currently expect to need for 2017. In order to bolster our land pipeline to support further value engineer our products, achieve greater operating efficiencies, and contain direct construction costs.
Strategic investmentgrowth in land and land development will remain an important component of our efforts to expand our community count and grow our revenues. In 2013,revenues in future years, we invested $1.14anticipate investing in the range of $1.0 billion to $1.3 billion in land and land development and ended the fiscal year with 61,095 lots owned or controlled, up 37% from November 30, 2012. We also added(inclusive of fees) in 2016, subject to our liquidity by raising total net proceeds of more than $330 million from the successful concurrent underwritten public issuance of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and the Common Stock Offering, and further enhanced our financial flexibility by entering into the Credit Facility. In the fourth quarter of 2013, we generated net proceeds of $443.3 million from the underwritten public issuance of the 7.00% Senior

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Notes due 2021 and retired $215.1 million in aggregate principal amount of our senior notes due 2014 and 2015. These steps have positioned our balance sheet to support our future growth through additional investments in land and land development in 2014 in line withboth housing market conditions and available opportunities that meet ourthe investment return and marketing standards.potential relating to identified land acquisition opportunities. The anticipated investment level for 2016 considers our current capital allocation plans, including the share repurchase program that was recently approved by our board of directors, as further discussed in Note 24. Subsequent Event in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.
We believe increasingplan to maintain a balanced approach in managing our community count will be a primary driver offinancial strength and financial leverage as we pursue our top-line growth in 2014, in combination with other strategic effortsinitiatives and seek to expand our average selling price and sales pace per community where possible in our served markets.enhance stockholder returns. We expect to open more new home communities for sales in 2014 than we did in 2013, and that our community count will increase in the range of 10% to 20% year over year by the end of 2014, with most of the growth occurring in the second half of the year. At the same time, consistent with our goal to prioritize profitability,also believe we will have the liquidity and flexibility to continue to calibrate sales pace with local market conditions at our communities open for sales to improve our margins and return on investment.
With the strategic actions we have taken and the improved results we achievedinvest in 2013, we believe that we are favorably situated to accomplish our top profitability and growth priorities in 2014, particularly in view of the positive longer-term demographic and population growth trends that we expect will continue to drive future demand for homeownership in our served markets. In particular, we believe we have a competitive advantage with our business in California, which accounted for nearly half of both2016 to support future growth while also opportunistically repurchasing our 2013 and 2012 revenues, and whereoutstanding common stock (per our projected housing gross profit margins in backlog increased 34% in 2013 onboard authorization) and/or potentially retiring a year-over-year basis. Based on these trends and generally favorable housing market conditions in our served markets in the state, we expect that California will continue to be a significant contributor to our performance in 2014. We also anticipate that all fourportion of our homebuilding reporting segments will generate year-over-year growth in homes delivered, average selling prices and revenues in 2014.outstanding senior notes before their maturity (through open market or privately negotiated transactions) using internally generated cash.
While the strength and durability of the present housing recovery, ourOur future performance and the strategies we implement (and adjust or refine as necessary or appropriate) will depend significantly on prevailing economic and capital, credit and financial market conditions and on a fairly stable and constructive political and regulatory environment (particularly in regards to housing and mortgage loan financing policies), among other factors, and we caution that our future quarterly results could fluctuate, we expect to be profitable for 2014, and to achieve solid growth in the years ahead if and as housing markets continue to improve.factors.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Investors are cautioned that certain statements contained in this report, as well as some statements by us in periodic press releases and other public disclosures and some oral statements by us to securities analysts, stockholders and others during presentations, are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”). Statements that are predictive in nature, that depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, or that include words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “hopes,” and similar expressions constitute forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements that we may make or provide concerning future financial or operating performance (including, without limitation, future revenues, community count, homes delivered, net orders, selling prices, sales pace per new home community, expenses, expense ratios, housing gross profits, housing gross profit margins, earnings or earnings per share, or growth or growth rates), future market conditions, future interest rates, and other economic conditions, ongoing business strategies or prospects, future dividends and changes in dividend levels, the value of our backlog (including amounts that we expect to realize upon delivery of homes included in our backlog and the timing of those deliveries), the value of our net orders, potential future asset acquisitions and the impact of completed acquisitions, future share issuances or repurchases, future debt issuances, repurchases or redemptions and other possible future actions are also forward-looking statements as defined by the Act. Forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and projections about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions about our operations, economic and market factors, and the homebuilding industry, among other things. These statements are not guarantees of future performance, and we have no specific policy or intention to update these statements. In addition, forward-looking and other statements in this report and in other public or oral disclosures that express or contain opinions, views or assumptions about market or economic conditions; the success, performance, effectiveness and/or relative positioning of our strategies, initiatives or operational activities; and other matters, may be based in whole or in part on general observations of our management, limited or anecdotal evidence and/or business or industry experience without in-depth or any particular empirical investigation, inquiry or analysis.
Actual events and results may differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in forward-looking statements due to a number of factors. The most important risk factors that could cause our actual performance and future events and actions to differ materially from such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to the following:
general economic, employment and business conditions;
population growth, household formations and demographic trends;
adverse market conditions, including an increased supply of unsold homes, declining home prices and greater foreclosure and short sale activity, among other things, that could negatively affect our consolidated financial statements, including due to additional inventory impairment or land option contract abandonment charges, lower revenues and operating and other losses;
conditions in the capital, credit and financial markets (including mortgage lending standards, the availability of mortgage financing and mortgage foreclosure rates);
material prices and availability;
labortrade costs and availability;
changes in interest rates;
inflation;
our debt level, including our ratio of debt to total capital, and our ability to adjust our debt level, maturity schedule and structure and to access the equity, credit, capital or other financial markets or other external financing sources, including raising capital through the public or private issuance of common stock, debt or other securities, and/or project financing, on favorable terms;
our compliance with the terms and covenants of the Credit Facility;
weak or declining consumer confidence, either generally or specifically with respect to purchasing homes;
competition for home sales from other sellers of new and resale homes, including lenders and other sellers of homes obtained through foreclosures or short sales;
the impact of weather conditions,events, significant natural disasters and other climate and environmental factors;factors, including the severe prolonged drought and related water-constrained conditions in the southwest United States and California;

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government actions, policies, programs and regulations directed at or affecting the housing market (including the Dodd-Frank Act, tax credits, tax incentives and/or subsidies for home purchases, tax deductions for mortgage interest payments and real estateproperty taxes, tax exemptions for profits on home sales, programs intended to modify existing mortgage loans and to prevent mortgage foreclosures and the standards, fees and size limits applicable to the purchase or insuring of mortgage

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loans by government-sponsored enterprises and government agencies), the homebuilding industry, or construction activities;
decisions regarding federal fiscal and monetary policies, including those relating to taxation, government spending, interest rates and economic stimulus measures;
the availability and cost of land in desirable areas;
our warranty claims experience with respect to homes previously delivered and actual warranty costs incurred, including our warranty claims and costs experience at certain of our communities in Florida;
costs and/or charges arising from regulatory compliance requirements or from legal, arbitral or regulatory proceedings, investigations, claims or claims;settlements, including unfavorable outcomes in any such matters resulting in actual or potential monetary damage awards, penalties, fines or other direct or indirect payments, or injunctions, consent decrees or other voluntary or involuntary restrictions or adjustments to our business operations or practices that are beyond our current expectations and/or accruals;
our ability to use/realize the net deferred tax assets we have generated;
our ability to successfully implement our current and planned strategies and initiatives with respect to product, geographic and market positioning (including our efforts to expand our inventory base/pipeline with desirable land positions or interests at reasonable cost and to expand our community count, open additional new home communities for sales, and sell higher-priced homes and more design options, increase the size and value of our backlog, and our operational and investment concentration in markets in California), revenue growth, asset optimization (including by effectively balancing home sales prices and sales pace in our communities), asset activation and/or monetization, local field management and talent investment, containing and leveraging overhead reductioncosts, gaining share and cost management;scale in our served markets and increasing our housing gross profit margins and profitability;
consumer traffic to our new home communities and consumer interest in our product designs and offerings, particularly higher-income consumers;
cancellations and our ability to realize our backlog by converting net orders to home deliveries;deliveries and revenues;
our home sales and delivery performance, particularly in key markets in California;
our ability to generate cash from our operations, enhance our asset efficiency, increase our operating income margin and/or improve our return on invested capital;
the manner in which our homebuyers are offered and whether they are able to obtain mortgage loans and mortgage banking services, including from our preferred mortgage lender, Nationstar;HCM;
the performance of Nationstar as our preferred mortgage lender;
the ability of Home Community Mortgage to become operational in all of our served markets as and by the time currently anticipated, and its performance upon becoming operational;HCM;
information technology failures and data security breaches; and
other events outside of our control.


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Item 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We enter into debt obligations primarily to support general corporate purposes, including the operations of our subsidiaries. We are subject to interest rate risk on our senior notes and the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019.notes. For fixed rate debt, changes in interest rates generally affect the fair value of the debt instrument, but not our earnings or cash flows. Under our current policies, we do not use interest rate derivative instruments to manage our exposure to changes in interest rates.
The following tables present principal cash flows by scheduled maturity, weighted average effective interest rates and the estimated fair value of our long-term fixed rate debt obligations as of November 30, 20132015 and 20122014 (dollars in thousands):
As of November 30, 2013 for the Years Ended November 30, 
Fair Value at
November 30,
2013
As of November 30, 2015 for the Years Ended November 30, 
Fair Value at
November 30,
2015
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Thereafter Total 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Thereafter Total 
Long-term debt                              
Fixed Rate$
 $199,864
 $
 $262,048
 $299,261
 $1,375,710
 $2,136,883
 $2,294,150
$
 $265,000
 $300,000
 $630,000
 $350,000
 $1,050,000
 $2,595,000
 $2,589,872
Weighted Average Interest Rate% 6.3% % 9.1% 7.3% 6.4% 6.9%  
Weighted Average Effective Interest Rate% 9.5% 7.3% 3.5% 8.3% 7.3% 6.7%  
As of November 30, 2012 for the Years Ended November 30, 
Fair Value at
November 30,
2012
As of November 30, 2014 for the Years Ended November 30, 
Fair Value at
November 30,
2014
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Thereafter Total 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Thereafter Total 
Long-term debt                              
Fixed Rate$
 $75,911
 $338,825
 $
 $261,430
 $994,338
 $1,670,504
 $1,831,596
$199,906
 $
 $265,000
 $300,000
 $630,000
 $1,150,000
 $2,544,906
 $2,698,565
Weighted Average Interest Rate% 5.8% 6.1% % 9.1% 7.6% 7.5%  
Weighted Average Effective Interest Rate6.3% % 9.5% 7.3% 3.5% 7.5% 6.6%  

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Item 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
KB HOME
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
 
Page
Number
Separate combined financial statements of our unconsolidated joint venture activities have been omitted because, if considered in the aggregate, they would not constitute a significant subsidiary as defined by Rule 3-09 of Regulation S-X.

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KB HOME
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
 
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Total revenues$2,097,130
 $1,560,115
 $1,315,866
$3,032,030
 $2,400,949
 $2,097,130
Homebuilding:          
Revenues$2,084,978
 $1,548,432
 $1,305,562
$3,020,987
 $2,389,643
 $2,084,978
Construction and land costs(1,737,086) (1,332,045) (1,157,280)(2,539,368) (1,985,651) (1,737,086)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(255,808) (236,643) (220,591)(342,998) (288,023) (255,808)
Loss on loan guaranty
 
 (30,765)
Operating income (loss)92,084
 (20,256) (103,074)
Operating income138,621
 115,969
 92,084
Interest income792
 518
 871
458
 443
 792
Interest expense(62,690) (69,804) (49,204)(21,856) (30,750) (62,690)
Equity in loss of unconsolidated joint ventures(2,007) (394) (55,839)
Homebuilding pretax income (loss)28,179
 (89,936) (207,246)
Equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures(1,804) 741
 (2,007)
Homebuilding pretax income115,419
 86,403
 28,179
Financial services:          
Revenues12,152
 11,683
 10,304
11,043
 11,306
 12,152
Expenses(3,042) (2,991) (3,512)(3,711) (3,446) (3,042)
Equity in income/gain on wind down of unconsolidated joint venture1,074
 2,191
 19,286
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures4,292
 686
 1,074
Financial services pretax income10,184
 10,883
 26,078
11,624
 8,546
 10,184
Total pretax income (loss)38,363
 (79,053) (181,168)
Income tax benefit1,600
 20,100
 2,400
Net income (loss)$39,963
 $(58,953) $(178,768)
Earnings (loss) per share:     
Total pretax income127,043
 94,949
 38,363
Income tax benefit (expense)(42,400) 823,400
 1,600
Net income$84,643
 $918,349
 $39,963
Earnings per share:     
Basic$.48
 $(.76) $(2.32)$.92
 $10.26
 $.48
Diluted$.46
 $(.76) $(2.32)$.85
 $9.25
 $.46
Weighted average shares outstanding:          
Basic82,630
 77,106
 77,043
92,054
 89,265
 82,630
Diluted91,559
 77,106
 77,043
102,857
 99,314
 91,559
See accompanying notes.


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KB HOME
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(In Thousands)

Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Net income (loss)$39,963
 $(58,953) $(178,768)
Net income$84,643
 $918,349
 $39,963
Other comprehensive income (loss):          
Postretirement benefit plan adjustments:          
Net actuarial gain (loss) arising during the period7,083
 (4,765) (5,646)3,745
 (3,801) 7,083
Amortization of net actuarial loss1,803
 1,403
 595
848
 357
 1,803
Amortization of prior service cost1,556
 1,556
 1,556
1,556
 1,556
 1,556
Other comprehensive income (loss)10,442
 (1,806) (3,495)
Comprehensive income (loss)$50,405
 $(60,759) $(182,263)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax6,149
 (1,888) 10,442
Income tax expense related to items of other comprehensive income(2,460) (1,604) 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax3,689
 (3,492) 10,442
Comprehensive income$88,332
 $914,857
 $50,405
See accompanying notes.


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KB HOME
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In Thousands, Except Shares)
 
November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Assets      
Homebuilding:      
Cash and cash equivalents$530,095
 $524,765
$559,042
 $356,366
Restricted cash41,906
 42,362
9,344
 27,235
Receivables75,749
 64,821
152,682
 125,488
Inventories2,298,577
 1,706,571
3,313,747
 3,218,387
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures130,192
 123,674
71,558
 79,441
Deferred tax assets, net782,196
 825,232
Other assets107,076
 95,050
112,774
 114,915
3,183,595
 2,557,243
5,001,343
 4,747,064
Financial services10,040
 4,455
14,028
 10,486
Total assets$3,193,635
 $2,561,698
$5,015,371
 $4,757,550
      
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity      
Homebuilding:      
Accounts payable$148,282
 $118,544
$183,770
 $172,716
Accrued expenses and other liabilities356,176
 340,345
513,414
 409,882
Mortgages and notes payable2,150,498
 1,722,815
Notes payable2,625,536
 2,576,525
2,654,956
 2,181,704
3,322,720
 3,159,123
Financial services2,593
 3,188
1,817
 2,517
Stockholders’ equity:      
Preferred stock — $1.00 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued
 

 
Common stock — $1.00 par value; 290,000,000 shares authorized at November 30, 2013 and 2012; 115,296,395 and 115,178,187 shares issued at November 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively115,296
 115,178
Common stock — $1.00 par value; 290,000,000 shares authorized at November 30, 2015 and 2014; 115,547,682 and 115,386,512 shares issued at November 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively115,548
 115,387
Paid-in capital788,893
 888,579
682,871
 668,857
Retained earnings481,889
 450,292
1,466,713
 1,391,256
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(17,516) (27,958)(17,319) (21,008)
Grantor stock ownership trust, at cost: 10,501,844 and 10,615,934 shares at November 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively(113,911) (115,149)
Treasury stock, at cost: 21,050,023 and 27,340,468 shares at November 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively(718,565) (934,136)
Grantor stock ownership trust, at cost: 10,135,461 and 10,335,461 shares at November 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively(109,936) (112,106)
Treasury stock, at cost: 13,136,563 and 13,097,140 shares at November 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively(447,043) (446,476)
Total stockholders’ equity536,086
 376,806
1,690,834
 1,595,910
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$3,193,635
 $2,561,698
$5,015,371
 $4,757,550
See accompanying notes.


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KB HOME
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In Thousands)

Years Ended November 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011Years Ended November 30, 2015, 2014 and 2013
Number of Shares 
Common
Stock
 
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Grantor
Stock
Ownership
Trust
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Total
Stockholders’
Equity
Number of Shares 
Common
Stock
 
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Grantor
Stock
Ownership
Trust
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Total
Stockholders’
Equity
Common
Stock
 
Grantor
Stock
Ownership
Trust
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Common
Stock
 
Grantor
Stock
Ownership
Trust
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Balance at November 30, 2010115,149
 (11,083) (27,095) $115,149
 $873,519
 $717,852
 $(22,657) $(120,442) $(931,543) $631,878
Net loss
 
 
 
 
 (178,768) 
 
 
 (178,768)
Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 (3,495) 
 
 (3,495)
Dividends on common stock
 
 
 
 
 (19,240) 
 
 
 (19,240)
Employee stock options and other22
 
 
 22
 2,410
 
 
 
 
 2,432
Forfeited restricted stock
 
 (119) 
 794
 
 
 
 (794) 
Stock-based compensation
 
 
 
 8,054
 
 
 
 
 8,054
Grantor stock ownership trust
 199
 
 
 (587) 
 
 2,383
 
 1,796
Balance at November 30, 2011115,171
 (10,884) (27,214) 115,171
 884,190
 519,844
 (26,152) (118,059) (932,337) 442,657
Net loss
 
 
 
 
 (58,953) 
 
 
 (58,953)
Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 (1,806) 
 
 (1,806)
Dividends on common stock
 
 
 
 
 (10,599) 
 
 
 (10,599)
Employee stock options and other7
 
 
 7
 97
 
 
 
 
 104
Restricted stock awards
 208
 
 
 (2,253) 
 
 2,253
 
 
Stock-based compensation
 
 
 
 6,713
 
 
 
 
 6,713
Grantor stock ownership trust
 60
 
 
 (168) 
 
 657
 
 489
Stock repurchases
 
 (126) 
 
 
 
 
 (1,799) (1,799)
Balance at November 30, 2012115,178
 (10,616) (27,340) 115,178
 888,579
 450,292
 (27,958) (115,149) (934,136) 376,806
115,178
 (10,616) (27,340) $115,178
 $888,579
 $450,292
 $(27,958) $(115,149) $(934,136) $376,806
Net income
 
 
 
 
 39,963
 
 
 
 39,963

 
 
 
 
 39,963
 
 
 
 39,963
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 10,442
 
 
 10,442
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 10,442
 
 
 10,442
Dividends on common stock
 
 
 
 
 (8,366) 
 
 
 (8,366)
 
 
 
 
 (8,366) 
 
 
 (8,366)
Employee stock options and other118
 
 
 118
 1,474
 
 
 
 
 1,592
Issuance of stock under stock-based compensation plans
 
 478
 
 412
 
 
 
 7,934
 8,346
Employee stock options/other118
 
 
 118
 1,474
 
 
 
 
 1,592
Conversion of liability awards to equity awards
 
 478
 
 412
 
 
 
 7,934
 8,346
Restricted stock awards
 88
 
 
 (954) 
 
 954
 
 

 88
 
 
 (954) 
 
 954
 
 
Stock-based compensation
 
 
 
 5,699
 
 
 
 
 5,699

 
 
 
 5,699
 
 
 
 
 5,699
Issuance of common stock
 
 6,325
 
 (106,622) 
 
 
 216,125
 109,503

 
 6,325
 
 (106,622) 
 
 
 216,125
 109,503
Grantor stock ownership trust
 26
 
 
 305
 
 
 284
 
 589

 26
 
 
 305
 
 
 284
 
 589
Stock repurchases
 
 (513) 
 
 
 
 
 (8,488) (8,488)
 
 (513) 
 
 
 
 
 (8,488) (8,488)
Balance at November 30, 2013115,296
 (10,502) (21,050) $115,296
 $788,893
 $481,889
 $(17,516) $(113,911) $(718,565) $536,086
115,296
 (10,502) (21,050) 115,296
 788,893
 481,889
 (17,516) (113,911) (718,565) 536,086
Net income
 
 
 
 
 918,349
 
 
 
 918,349
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 (3,492) 
 
 (3,492)
Dividends on common stock
 
 
 
 
 (8,982) 
 
 
 (8,982)
Employee stock options/other37
 
 
 37
 1,859
 
 
 
 
 1,896
Conversion of liability awards to equity awards
 
 
 
 6,455
 
 
 
 
 6,455
Restricted stock awards54
 166
 
 54
 (1,859) 
 
 1,805
 
 
Stock-based compensation
 
 
 
 9,099
 
 
 
 
 9,099
Issuance of common stock
 
 7,986
 
 (135,590) 
 
 
 272,635
 137,045
Stock repurchases
 
 (33) 
 
 
 
 
 (546) (546)
Balance at November 30, 2014115,387
 (10,336) (13,097) 115,387
 668,857
 1,391,256
 (21,008) (112,106) (446,476) 1,595,910
Net income
 
 
 
 
 84,643
 
 
 
 84,643
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 3,689
 
 
 3,689
Dividends on common stock
 
 
 
 
 (9,186) 
 
 
 (9,186)
Employee stock options/other76
 
 
 76
 (874) 
 
 
 
 (798)
Restricted stock awards85
 200
 
 85
 (2,255) 
 
 2,170
 
 
Stock-based compensation
 
 
 
 17,143
 
 
 
 
 17,143
Stock repurchases
 
 (40) 
 
 
 
 
 (567) (567)
Balance at November 30, 2015115,548
 (10,136) (13,137) $115,548
 $682,871
 $1,466,713
 $(17,319) $(109,936) $(447,043) $1,690,834
See accompanying notes.


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KB HOME
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In Thousands) 
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Cash flows from operating activities:          
Net income (loss)$39,963
 $(58,953) $(178,768)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:     
Equity in (income) loss/(gain) on wind down of unconsolidated joint ventures933
 (1,797) 36,553
Net income$84,643
 $918,349
 $39,963
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:     
Equity in (income) loss of unconsolidated joint ventures(2,488) (1,427) 933
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures1,949
 3,316
 8,703

 364
 1,949
Loss on loan guaranty
 
 30,765
Gain on sale of operating property
 
 (8,825)
Amortization of discounts and issuance costs5,347
 3,016
 2,150
7,738
 7,124
 5,347
Depreciation and amortization1,857
 1,622
 2,031
3,411
 2,420
 1,857
Provision for deferred income taxes
 1,152
 
Loss (gain) on early extinguishment of debt10,448
 10,278
 (3,612)
Deferred income taxes43,036
 (825,232) 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt
 
 10,448
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation(157) 
 
Stock-based compensation5,699
 6,713
��8,054
17,143
 9,099
 5,699
Inventory impairments and land option contract abandonments3,581
 28,533
 25,791
9,591
 39,431
 3,581
Changes in assets and liabilities:          
Receivables(11,153) 24,994
 (2,220)(20,463) (31,283) (11,153)
Inventories(563,189) 30,347
 (12,345)34,852
 (780,131) (563,189)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities59,763
 (2,143) (253,547)1,991
 35,504
 59,763
Other, net1,316
 (12,461) (2,275)1,888
 (4,909) 1,316
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities(443,486) 34,617
 (347,545)181,185
 (630,691) (443,486)
Cash flows from investing activities:          
Return of investments in (contributions to) unconsolidated joint ventures(14,359) 989
 (67,260)
Proceeds from sale of operating property
 
 80,600
Contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures(20,626) (49,097) (14,359)
Return of investments in unconsolidated joint ventures14,000
 
 
Proceeds from sale of investment in unconsolidated joint venture
 10,110
 
Purchases of property and equipment, net(2,391) (1,749) (242)(4,677) (5,795) (2,391)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(16,750) (760) 13,098
Net cash used in investing activities(11,303) (44,782) (16,750)
Cash flows from financing activities:          
Change in restricted cash456
 22,119
 50,996
17,891
 14,671
 456
Proceeds from issuance of debt680,000
 694,831
 
250,000
 400,000
 680,000
Payment of debt issuance costs(16,525) (12,445) 
(4,561) (5,448) (16,525)
Repayment of senior notes(225,394) (592,645) (100,000)(199,906) 
 (225,394)
Payments on mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans(66,296) (26,298) (89,461)(22,877) (36,918) (66,296)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net109,503
 
 

 137,045
 109,503
Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans2,181
 593
 1,796
740
 1,896
 2,181
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation157
 
 
Payments of cash dividends(8,366) (10,599) (19,240)(9,186) (8,982) (8,366)
Stock repurchases(8,488) (1,799) 
(567) (546) (8,488)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities467,071
 73,757
 (155,909)
Net cash provided by financing activities31,691
 501,718
 467,071
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents6,835
 107,614
 (490,356)201,573
 (173,755) 6,835
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year525,688
 418,074
 908,430
358,768
 532,523
 525,688
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$532,523
 $525,688
 $418,074
$560,341
 $358,768
 $532,523
See accompanying notes.

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KB HOME
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Operations. KB Home is a builder of attached and detached single-family residential homes, townhomes and condominiums. As of November 30, 2013,2015, we conducted ongoing operations in Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Maryland, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, Texas and Virginia. Through our financial services subsidiary, KB Home Mortgage Company (“KBHMC”), weWe also offer property and casualty insurance servicesand, in certain instances, earthquake, flood and personal property insurance to our homebuyers in the same markets where we build homes, and we provide title services in the majority of our markets located within our Central and Southeast homebuilding reporting segments. From 2005 until June 30, 2011,Since July 2014, we have also offered mortgage banking services, including mortgage loan originations, to our homebuyers indirectly through KBA Mortgage, an unconsolidatedHCM, a joint venture of a subsidiary of ours and a subsidiary of Bank of America, N.A., with each partner having a 50% interest in the venture. KBA Mortgage ceased offering mortgage banking services after June 30, 2011. KBA MortgageNationstar. HCM is accounted for as an unconsolidated joint venture within our financial services reporting segment.
Basis of Presentation. TheOur consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and include our accounts and those of the consolidated subsidiaries in which we have a controlling financial interest. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures in which we have less than a controlling financial interest are accounted for using the equity method.
Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make informed estimates and assumptionsjudgments that affect the amounts reported in theour consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash. We consider all highly liquid short-term investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Our cash equivalents totaled $436.2$342.3 million at November 30, 20132015 and $396.3$197.7 million at November 30, 20122014. The majority of our cash and cash equivalents were invested in money market funds and interest-bearing bank deposit accounts.
Restricted cash of $41.9 millionat November 30, 20132015 and $42.4 million at November 30, 20122014 consisted of cash deposited with various financial institutions that was required as collateral for theour LOC Facilities.
Property and Equipment and Depreciation. Property and equipment are recorded at cost and are depreciated over their estimated useful lives, which generally range from two to 10 years, using the straight-line method. Repair and maintenance costs are charged to earningsexpensed as incurred. Property and equipment are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Property and equipment totaled $8.5$13.1 million,, net of accumulated depreciation of $14.4$15.3 million,, at November 30, 2013,2015 and $7.9$11.8 million,, net of accumulated depreciation of $18.5$15.0 million,, at November 30, 2012.2014. Depreciation expense totaled $3.4 million in 2015, $2.4 million in 2014 and $1.9 million in 2013, $1.6 million in 2012 and $2.0 million in 2011.
Homebuilding Operations. Revenues from housing and other real estate sales are recognized in accordance with ASC 360 when sales are closed and title passes to the buyer. Sales are closed when all of the following conditions are met: a sale is consummated, a sufficient down payment is received, the earnings process is complete and the collection of any remaining receivables is reasonably assured. Concurrent with the recognition of revenues in our consolidated statements of operations, sales incentives in the form of price concessions on the selling price of a home are recorded as a reduction of revenues, while the cost of sales incentives in the form of a free productproducts or serviceservices to homebuyers, including option upgrades and closing cost allowances used to cover a portion of the fees and costs charged to a homebuyer, areis reflected as construction and land costs.
Construction and land costs are comprised of direct and allocated costs, including estimated future costs for the limited warranty we provide on our homes and certain amenities within a community. Land acquisition, land development and other common costs are generally allocated on a relative fair value basis to the homes or lots within athe applicable community or land parcel. Land acquisition and land development costs include related interest and real estate taxes.
Housing and land inventories are stated at cost, unless the carrying value is determined not to be recoverable, in which case the affected inventories are written down to fair value in accordance with ASC 360.or fair value less costs to sell. ASC 360 requires that realReal estate assets, such as our housing and land inventories, beare tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparing the carrying value of an asset to the undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. These impairment evaluations are significantly impacted by estimates for the amounts and timing of future revenues, costs and expenses, and other factors. If the carrying value of real estate assets is determined not to be recoverable, the impairment charge to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of the affected asset exceeds its estimated fair value. For land held for sale, if the fair value less costs to sell exceeds the asset’s carrying value, no impairment charge is recognized.

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Capitalized Interest. Interest is capitalized to inventories while the related communities are being actively developed and until homes are completed. Capitalized interest is amortized to construction and land costs as the related inventories are delivered to homebuyers.homebuyers or land buyers (as applicable). For those communities whereland held for future development, activity has been suspended, applicable interest is expensed as incurred.
Fair Value Measurements. ASC 820 provides a framework for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities under GAAP and establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
Fair value measurements are used for inventories on a nonrecurring basis when events and circumstances indicate thethat their carrying value is not recoverable. Fair value is determined based on estimated future net cash flows discounted for inherent risks associated with the real estate assets, or other valuation techniques.
Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, senior notes, the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019,convertible senior notes, and mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans. Fair value measurements of financial instruments are determined by various market data and other valuation techniques as appropriate. When available, we use quoted market prices in active markets to determine fair value.
Financial Services Operations. Our financial services reporting segment generates revenues primarily from insurance commissions and title services,services. These operations also earned marketing services fees, and interest income.pursuant to a marketing services agreement with a preferred lender, until July 21, 2014. Marketing services fees were recognized when earned. Insurance commissions are recognized when policies are issued. Title services revenues are recorded when closing services are rendered and title insurance policies are issued, both of which generally occur at the time each applicable home is closed. Marketing services fees are recognized when earned, and interest income is accrued as earned.
Warranty Costs. We provide a limited warranty on all of our homes.We estimate the costs that may be incurred under each limited warranty and record a liability in the amount of such costs at the time the revenue associated with the sale of each home is recognized.Our primary assumption in estimating the amounts we accrue for warranty costs is that historical claims experience is a strong indicator of future claims experience. Factors that affect our warranty liability include the number of homes delivered, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of our accrued warranty liabilityand adjust the amount as necessary based on our assessment.
Self-Insurance. We self-insure a portion of our overall risk through the use of a captive insurance subsidiary. We also maintain certain other insurance policies. We record expenses and liabilities based on the estimated costs required to cover our self-insured retention and deductible amounts under our insurance policies, and the estimated costs of potential claims and claim adjustment expenses that are above our coverage limits or that are not covered by our insurance policies. These estimated costs are based on an analysis of our historical claims and industry data, and include an estimate of construction defect claims incurred but not yet reported.
We engage a third-party actuary that uses our historical claim and expense data, as well as industry data, to estimate our liabilities related to unpaid claims, claim adjustment expenses, third-party recoveries and incurred but not yet reported claims forassociated with the risks that we are assuming underwith respect to our self-insurance.self-insurance and insurance policy deductibles. The projection of losses related to these liabilities requires actuarial assumptions that are subject to variability due to uncertainties regarding construction defect claims relative to differences in our markets and the types of product we build, insurance industry practices and legal or regulatory interpretations, among other factors. Key assumptions used in these estimates include claim frequencies, severities and settlement patterns, which can occur over an extended period of time. Due to the degree of judgment required and the potential for variability in these underlying assumptions, our actual future costs could differ from those estimated.
Advertising Costs. We expense advertising costs as incurred. We incurred advertising costs of $33.4 million in 2015, $30.2 million in 2014 and $25.3 million in 2013, $24.6 million2013 in 2012 and $32.4 million in 2011..
Legal Fees. Legal fees associated with litigation and similar proceedings that are not expected to provide a benefit in future periods are generally expensed as incurred. Legal fees associated with land acquisition and development and other activities that are expected to provide a benefit in future periods are capitalized as incurred in our consolidated balance sheets. We expensed legal fees of $10.1$11.7 million in 20132015, $12.6$10.9 million in 20122014 and $16.9$10.1 million in 20112013.
Stock-Based Compensation. With the approval of the management development and compensation committee, consisting entirely of independent members of our board of directors, we have provided compensation benefits to certain of our employees in the form of stock options, restricted stock, PSUs, phantom shares and SARs.
WeWe measure and recognize compensation expense associated with our grant of equity-based awards in accordance with ASC 718, which requires that companies measure and recognize compensation expense at an amount equal to the fair value of share-based payments granted under compensation arrangements over the vesting period.We estimate the fair value of stock options

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and SARs granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with assumptions based primarily on historical data. ASC 718 also requiresWe report the tax benefit resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation expense recognized for thosestock options to be reportedand SARs in the statementour consolidated statements of cash flows as an operating cash outflow and a financing cash inflow.
Income Taxes.Income taxes are accounted for in accordance with ASC 740. The provision for, or benefit from, income taxes is calculated using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are evaluated on a quarterly basis to determine if adjustments to the valuation allowance are required. In accordance with ASC 740, we assess whether a valuation allowance should be establishedThis evaluation is based on the consideration of all available positive and negative evidence using a “more likely than not” standard with respect to whether

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deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of our deferred tax assets depends primarily on the generation ofour ability to generate future taxable income.income during the periods in which the related temporary differences in the financial basis and the tax basis of the assets become deductible. The value of our deferred tax assets will dependdepends on applicable income tax rates.Judgment is required in determining the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements and/or tax returns. Differences between anticipated and actual outcomes of these future tax consequences could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss. The accumulated balances of other comprehensive loss in the consolidated balance sheets as of November 30, 20132015 and 20122014 were comprised solely of adjustments recorded directly to accumulated other comprehensive loss in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 715, “Compensation — Retirement Benefits” (“ASC 715”).related to our benefit plan obligations. Such adjustments are made annually as of November 30, when our benefit plan obligations are remeasured. ASC 715 requires an employer to recognize the funded status of defined postretirement benefit plans as an asset or liability on the balance sheet and requires any unrecognized prior service costs and actuarial gains/losses to be recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Earnings (Loss) Per Share. We compute earnings (loss) per share using the two-class method, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 260, “Earnings Per Share.” The two-class methodwhich is an allocation of earnings between the holders of common stock and a company’s participating security holders. Our outstanding non-vestednonvested shares of restricted stock contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends and, therefore, are considered participating securities for purposes of computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. We had no other participating securities at November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 or 2011.2013.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements. In June 2011,April 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-08, “Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity” (“ASU 2011-05,2014-08”), which raises the threshold for a disposal to qualify as a discontinued operation and requires new disclosures of both discontinued operations and certain other disposals that do not meet the new definition of a discontinued operation. It also allows an entity the option to present a discontinued operation even when it has continuing cash flows and significant continuing involvement with the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In both instances, an entity is required to present each component of net income along with total net income, each component of other comprehensive income along with a total for other comprehensive income, and a total amount for comprehensive income. ASU 2011-05 eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity.disposed component. The amendments in ASU 2011-05 do2014-08 are effective prospectively for disposals (or classifications as held for sale) of components of an entity that occur within annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2014, and interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted but only for disposals (or classifications as held for sale) that have not change the items that must bebeen reported in other comprehensive incomefinancial statements previously issued or when an itemavailable for issuance. We believe the adoption of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income. However, in December 2011,this guidance will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” (“ASU 2011-12, which deferred the guidance on whether to require entities to present reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component in both the statement where net income is presented and the statement where other comprehensive income is presented for both interim and annual financial statements. ASU 2011-12 reinstated the requirements for the presentation of reclassifications that were in place prior to the issuance2014-09”). The core principle of ASU 2011-05 and did not change2014-09 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Companies may use either a full retrospective or a modified retrospective approach to adopt ASU 2014-09. In August 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date,” which delayed the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year. ASU 2014-09, as amended, is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Earlier application is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
In June 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-12, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period” (“ASU 2011-05. For public entities,2014-12”). The amendments in ASU 2014-12 require that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. A reporting entity should apply existing guidance in ASC 718, as it relates to awards with performance conditions that affect vesting to account for such awards. The amendments in ASU 2014-12 are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. Entities may apply the amendments in ASU 2011-052014-12 either: (a) prospectively to all awards granted or modified after the effective date; or (b) retrospectively to all awards with performance targets that are outstanding as of the beginning of the earliest annual period presented in the financial statements and to all new or modified awards thereafter. We believe the adoption of this guidance will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In August 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements — Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern” (“ASU 2011-122014-15”), which requires management to evaluate, in connection with preparing financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued when applicable) and provide related disclosures. ASU 2014-15 is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual and interim periods thereafter. Early adoption is permitted. We believe the adoption of this guidance will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-01, “Income Statement — Extraordinary and Unusual Items (Subtopic 225-20): Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of Extraordinary Items”(“ASU 2015-01”). ASU 2015-01 eliminates the concept of extraordinary items from GAAP but retains the presentation and disclosure guidance for items that are unusual in nature or occur infrequently and expands the guidance to include items that

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are both unusual in nature and infrequently occurring. ASU 2015-01 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011, and should be applied retrospectively. Our2015. A reporting entity may apply ASU 2015-01 prospectively. A reporting entity may also apply ASU 2015-01 retrospectively to all periods presented in the financial statements. We believe the adoption of this guidance which is related to disclosure only, as of February 28, 2013 didwill not have a material impacteffect on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2013,2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-02, “Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis”(“ASU 2013-02, which requires an2015-02”). ASU 2015-02 changes the analysis that a reporting entity must perform to provide information about the amounts reclassified outdetermine whether it should consolidate certain types of accumulated other comprehensive income by component. In addition,legal entities. ASU 2013-02 requires an entity to present, either on the face of the income statement or in the notes to financial statements, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income but only if the amount reclassified2015-02 is required under GAAP to be reclassified to net income in its entirety in the same reporting period. For other amounts, an entity is required to cross-reference to other disclosures required under GAAP that provide additional detail about those amounts. The amendments in ASU 2013-02 do not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in the financial statements. For public entities, the amendments in ASU 2013-02 are effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. Our adoption of this guidance, which is related to disclosure only, as of May 31, 2013 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, which states that an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, should be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward,

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a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, except as follows. To the extent a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction to settle any additional income taxes that would result from the disallowance of a tax position or that the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction does not require the entity to use, and the entity does not intend to use, the deferred tax asset for such purpose, the unrecognized tax benefit should be presented in the financial statements as a liability and should not be combined with deferred tax assets. ASU 2013-11 applies to all entities that have unrecognized tax benefits when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists at the reporting date. The amendments in ASU 2013-11 are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013.2015. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied prospectively to all unrecognized tax benefits that exist at the effective date. Retrospective application is permitted.permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We believe the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impacteffect on our consolidated financial statements.
Homebuyer Closing Cost Allowances Reclassification. In April 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-03, “Interest — Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs”Effective(“ASU 2015-03”). ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. For public entities, ASU 2015-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 1, 2012, we elected15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for financial statements that have not been previously issued. ASU 2015-03 is to reclassify closing cost allowances given to certain homebuyers from selling, generalbe applied on a retrospective basis and administrative expenses to construction and land costsrepresents a change in accounting principle. We believe the adoption of this guidance will not have a material effect on our consolidated statementsfinancial statements.
In August 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-15, “Interest — Imputation of operations. These allowances,Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements — Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to Staff Announcement at June 18, 2015 EITF Meeting”(“ASU 2015-15”), which totaled $10.6 millionclarifies the treatment of debt issuance costs from line-of-credit arrangements after the adoption of ASU 2015-03. In particular, ASU 2015-15 clarifies that the SEC staff would not object to an entity deferring and represented .5% of housing revenues in 2013, are used to cover a portion of non-recurring third-party fees, such as escrow fees, titlepresenting debt issuance costs recording fees, finance processing fees, and prepaid real estate taxes and insurance costs that are chargedrelated to a homebuyer in connection withline-of-credit arrangement as an asset and subsequently amortizing the closingdeferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the salesuch arrangement, regardless of a home. The amounts in the consolidated statements of operations of prior years have been reclassified to conform to the 2013 presentation. The reclassifications reduced both our housing gross profits and selling, general and administrative expenses for 2012 and 2011 by $14.5 million and $27.1 million, respectively, which represented .9% and 2.1% of housing revenues, respectively. The reclassification had no impactwhether there are any outstanding borrowings on the homebuilding operating income (loss) orline-of-credit arrangement. We believe the adoption of this guidance will not have a material effect on our consolidated net income (loss) amounts previously reported.financial statements.
Other Reclassifications. Certain amounts in theour consolidated financial statements of prior years have been reclassified to conform to the 2013current period presentation.
Note 2.Segment Information
As of November 30, 20132015, we had identified five operating reporting segments, comprised of four homebuilding reporting segments and one financial services reporting segment, within our consolidated operations in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 280, “Segment Reporting.”operations. As of November 30, 20132015, our homebuilding reporting segments conducted ongoing operations in the following states:
West Coast: California
Southwest: Arizona Nevada and New MexicoNevada
Central: Colorado and Texas
Southeast: Florida, Maryland, North Carolina and Virginia
Our homebuilding operations represented most of our business for the years ended November 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011. Our homebuilding reporting segments are engaged in the acquisition and development of land primarily for residential purposes and offer a wide variety of homes that are designed to appeal to first-time, move-up and active adult homebuyers. Our homebuilding operations generate the majoritymost of their revenues from the delivery of completed homes to homebuyers, and to a lesser extenthomebuyers. They also earn revenues from the sale of land.
Our homebuilding reporting segments were identified based primarily on similarities in economic and geographic characteristics, product types, regulatory environments, methods used to sell and construct homes and land acquisition characteristics. We evaluate segment performance primarily based on segment pretax results.
Our financial services reporting segment offers property and casualty insurance and, in certain instances, earthquake, flood and personal property insurance to our homebuyers in the same markets as our homebuilding reporting segments, and provides title services in the majority of our markets located within our Central and Southeast homebuilding reporting segments.In addition, since This segment earns revenues primarily from insurance commissions and from the third quarterprovision of 2011,title services. Prior to July 21, 2014, this segment hasalso earned revenues pursuant to the terms of a marketing services agreement with aNationstar, under which Nationstar was our preferred mortgage lender that offersand offered mortgage banking services, including mortgage loan originations, to our homebuyerswho electelected to use the lender. Since July 21, 2014, we have offered mortgage banking services, including mortgage loan originations, to our homebuyers indirectly through HCM, a joint venture of a subsidiary of ours and a subsidiary of Nationstar. Through these respective subsidiaries, we have a 49.9% ownership interest and Nationstar has a 50.1% ownership interest in HCM, with Nationstar

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providing management oversight of HCM’s operations. Our homebuyers are under no obligation to use our preferred mortgage lender and may select any lender of their choice to obtain mortgage financing for the purchase of a home. Except as discussed below, we have had no affiliation, ownership, joint venture or
Corporate and other interests in or with our preferred mortgage lender or its affiliates, or with respect tois a non-operating segment that develops and oversees the revenues or income that may have been generated from their provisionimplementation of mortgage banking services to, or origination of mortgage loans for, our homebuyers. Prior to late June 2011, this reporting segment provided mortgage banking servicescompany-wide strategic initiatives and provides support to our homebuyers indirectly through KBA Mortgage.

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Tablereporting segments by centralizing certain administrative functions. Corporate and other includes general and administrative expenses related to operating our corporate headquarters. A portion of Contents

On January 21, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Nationstar to form Home Community Mortgage, a mortgage banking company that will offer an array of mortgage banking servicesthe expenses incurred by Corporate and other is allocated to our homebuyers. We have a 49.9% ownership interest and Nationstar has a 50.1% ownership interest in Home Community Mortgage, with Nationstar providing management oversight of Home Community Mortgage’s operations. Nationstar will continue as our preferred mortgage lender until Home Community Mortgage begins offering mortgage banking services, which is expected to occur in the first quarter of 2014. We made capital contributions of $5.0 million to Home Community Mortgage during the year ended November 30, 2013. Home Community Mortgage is accounted for as an unconsolidated joint venture within our financial serviceshomebuilding reporting segment of our consolidated financial statements.segments.
Our reporting segments follow the same accounting policies used for our consolidated financial statements as described in Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. OperationalThe results of each segment are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have occurred had the segment been an independent, stand-alone entity during the periods presented, nor are they indicative of the results to be expected in future periods.
The following tables present financial information relating to our reporting segments (in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Revenues:          
West Coast$1,020,218
 $755,259
 $589,387
$1,402,264
 $1,089,857
 $1,020,218
Southwest175,252
 132,438
 139,872
398,242
 199,504
 175,252
Central565,120
 436,407
 369,705
809,738
 698,429
 565,120
Southeast324,388
 224,328
 206,598
410,743
 401,853
 324,388
Total homebuilding revenues2,084,978
 1,548,432
 1,305,562
3,020,987
 2,389,643
 2,084,978
Financial services12,152
 11,683
 10,304
11,043
 11,306
 12,152
Total$2,097,130
 $1,560,115
 $1,315,866
$3,032,030
 $2,400,949
 $2,097,130
     
Pretax income (loss):     
West Coast$118,264
 $(10,467) $19,639
Southwest2,903
 (10,194) (108,265)
Central22,275
 1,449
 (12,924)
Southeast(45,992) (1,183) (37,983)
Corporate and other (a)(69,271) (69,541) (67,713)
Total homebuilding pretax income (loss)28,179
 (89,936) (207,246)
Financial services10,184
 10,883
 26,078
Total$38,363
 $(79,053) $(181,168)
     
Equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures:     
West Coast$(148) $(174) $68
Southwest(2,355) (811) (55,902)
Central
 
 
Southeast496
 591
 (5)
Total$(2,007) $(394) $(55,839)
     
(a) Corporate and other includes corporate general and administrative expenses.    
Pretax income (loss):     
West Coast$127,946
 $116,325
 $118,264
Southwest31,718
 6,015
 2,903
Central70,959
 47,214
 22,275
Southeast(22,758) (11,158) (45,992)
Corporate and other(92,446) (71,993) (69,271)
Total homebuilding pretax income115,419
 86,403
 28,179
Financial services11,624
 8,546
 10,184
Total$127,043
 $94,949
 $38,363
      
Equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures:     
West Coast$(1,106) $(374) $(148)
Southwest(696) (2,176) (2,355)
Central
 
 
Southeast(2) 3,291
 496
Total$(1,804) $741
 $(2,007)
      
Inventory impairment charges:     
West Coast$645
 $27,285
 $
Southwest3,253
 6,392
 
Central
 
 
Southeast4,132
 3,951
 391
Total$8,030
 $37,628
 $391
      

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Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Inventory impairment charges:     
Land option contract abandonments:     
West Coast$
 $19,235
 $2,598
$352
 $554
 $3,190
Southwest
 2,135
 18,715

 
 
Central
 1,267
 51
225
 995
 
Southeast391
 5,470
 1,366
984
 254
 
Total$391
 $28,107
 $22,730
$1,561
 $1,803
 $3,190
     
Land option contract abandonment charges:     
West Coast$3,190
 $
 $704
Southwest
 
 296
Central
 133
 1,310
Southeast
 293
 751
Total$3,190
 $426
 $3,061
     
Joint venture impairment charges:     
West Coast$
 $
 $
Southwest
 
 53,727
Central
 
 
Southeast
 
 
Total$
 $
 $53,727
November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Assets:   
Inventories:   
Homes under construction   
West Coast$1,230,761
 $930,450
$535,795
 $536,843
Southwest402,443
 319,863
112,032
 65,647
Central465,547
 369,294
263,345
 201,164
Southeast456,965
 341,460
120,184
 124,618
Corporate and other627,879
 596,176
Total homebuilding assets3,183,595
 2,557,243
Financial services10,040
 4,455
Subtotal1,031,356
 928,272
Land under development   
West Coast788,607
 765,577
Southwest317,331
 334,691
Central421,783
 363,933
Southeast238,324
 245,948
Subtotal1,766,045
 1,710,149
Land held for future development   
West Coast277,954
 294,060
Southwest104,677
 138,367
Central22,082
 22,957
Southeast111,633
 124,582
Subtotal516,346
 579,966
Total$3,193,635
 $2,561,698
$3,313,747
 $3,218,387
      
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures:      
West Coast$40,246
 $38,372
$54,360
 $59,552
Southwest80,877
 75,920
14,697
 17,388
Central
 

 
Southeast9,069
 9,382
2,501
 2,501
Total$130,192
 $123,674
$71,558
 $79,441
   

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 November 30,
 2015 2014
Assets:   
West Coast$1,740,299
 $1,695,753
Southwest582,030
 579,201
Central829,811
 678,139
Southeast507,844
 531,011
Corporate and other1,341,359
 1,262,960
Total homebuilding assets5,001,343
 4,747,064
Financial services14,028
 10,486
Total$5,015,371
 $4,757,550
Note 3.Financial Services
The following tables present financial information relating to our financial services reporting segment (in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Revenues          
Insurance commissions$7,177
 $7,140
 $7,188
$7,137
 $6,566
 $7,177
Title services3,172
 2,362
 1,983
3,905
 3,593
 3,172
Marketing services fees1,800
 2,175
 1,125

 1,147
 1,800
Interest income3
 6
 8
1
 
 3
Total12,152
 11,683
 10,304
11,043
 11,306
 12,152
Expenses          
General and administrative(3,042) (2,991) (3,512)(3,711) (3,446) (3,042)
Operating income9,110
 8,692
 6,792
7,332
 7,860
 9,110
Equity in income/gain on wind down of unconsolidated joint ventures1,074
 2,191
 19,286
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures4,292
 686
 1,074
Pretax income$10,184
 $10,883
 $26,078
$11,624
 $8,546
 $10,184
November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Assets      
Cash and cash equivalents$2,428
 $923
$1,299
 $2,402
Receivables2,084
 1,859
2,245
 1,738
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures5,490
 1,630
10,440
 6,149
Other assets38
 43
44
 197
Total assets$10,040
 $4,455
$14,028
 $10,486
Liabilities      
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$2,593
 $3,188
$1,817
 $2,517
Total liabilities$2,593
 $3,188
$1,817
 $2,517
The equity in income/gain on wind downincome of unconsolidated joint ventures amounts for 2013 2012 and 2011 included gainsa gain of $1.1 million $2.1 million and $19.8 million, respectively, recognized in connection with the wind down of KBA Mortgage’sthe business operations. In addition, our investmentsoperations of a former mortgage banking joint venture, which ceased offering mortgage banking services in unconsolidated joint ventures at November 30, 2013 included a $5.0 million capital contribution we made to Home Community2011.

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Although KB HOME Mortgage during the year.
Although KBHMCCompany, which is 100% owned by us, ceased originating and selling mortgage loans onin September 1, 2005, it may be required to repurchase, or provide indemnification with respect to, an individual loan that it funded on or before August 31, 2005 and sold to an investor if the representations or warranties that it made in connection with the sale of the loan are breached, in the event of an early payment default, if the loan does not comply with the underwriting standards or other requirements of the ultimate investor or an applicable insurer, or due to a delinquency or other matters arising in connection with the loan. KB HOME Mortgage Company was not required to repurchase any loans in the past few years.

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Note 4.Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share were calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Numerator:          
Net income (loss)$39,963
 $(58,953) $(178,768)
Net income$84,643
 $918,349
 $39,963
Less: Distributed earnings allocated to nonvested restricted stock(24) 
 
(33) (26) (24)
Less: Undistributed earnings allocated to nonvested restricted stock(90) 
 
(273) (2,667) (90)
Numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share39,849
 (58,953) (178,768)
Numerator for basic earnings per share84,337
 915,656
 39,849
Effect of dilutive securities:          
Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs associated with convertible senior notes, net of taxes2,230
 
 
2,667
 2,667
 2,230
Add: Undistributed earnings allocated to nonvested restricted stock90
 
 
273
 2,667
 90
Less: Undistributed earnings reallocated to nonvested restricted stock(81) 
 
(244) (2,398) (81)
Numerator for diluted earnings (loss) per share$42,088
 $(58,953) $(178,768)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share$87,033
 $918,592
 $42,088
Denominator:          
Weighted average shares outstanding — basic82,630
 77,106
 77,043
92,054
 89,265
 82,630
Effect of dilutive securities:          
Share-based payments1,885
 
 
2,401
 1,647
 1,885
Convertible senior notes7,044
 
 
8,402
 8,402
 7,044
Weighted average shares outstanding — diluted91,559
 77,106
 77,043
102,857
 99,314
 91,559
Basic earnings (loss) per share$.48
 $(.76) $(2.32)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share$.46
 $(.76) $(2.32)
Basic earnings per share$.92
 $10.26
 $.48
Diluted earnings per share$.85
 $9.25
 $.46
As discussed in Note 13. Mortgages and Notes Payable, in 2013, we issued the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 which are initiallythat, from issuance, have been convertible into shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of 36.5297 shares for each $1,000 principal amount of the notes. Outstanding stock options to purchase 8.0 million, 5.2 million and 5.2 million shares of common stock were excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation for 2013 and all outstanding stock options were excluded from the diluted loss per share calculations for the years ended November 30, 20122015, 2014 and 20112013, respectively, because the effect of their inclusion would be antidilutive. Contingently issuable shares associated with outstanding PSUs were not included in the basic earnings (loss) per share calculations for the periods presented as the vesting conditions have not been satisfied.
Note 5.Receivables
Receivables of $75.7$152.7 million at November 30, 20132015 and $64.8$125.5 million at November 30, 20122014 primarily included amounts due from utility companies and municipalities, state income taxes receivablemunicipalities; escrow deposits to be refunded; and escrow deposits.estimated minimum probable recoveries of water intrusion-related repair costs, as described in Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies. Receivables from utility companies and municipalities generallytypically relate to infrastructure improvements we make with respect to our communities. We are generally reimbursed for these receivablesthe cost of such improvements when the improvementsthey are accepted by the utility company or municipality, or after certain events occur, depending on the terms of the applicable agreements. These events may include, but are not limited to, the connection of utilities or the issuance of bonds by the respective municipalities.

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Each receivable is evaluated for collectibility at least quarterly, and allowances for potential losses are established or maintained on applicable receivables when collection becomes doubtful, taking into account historical experience, presentprevailing economic conditions and other relevant factors. Receivables were net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $20.3$12.2 million in 20132015 and $21.3$15.3 million in 20122014.

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Note 6.Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):
November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Homes under construction$586,439
 $454,108
$1,031,356
 $928,272
Land under development1,066,916
 567,470
1,766,045
 1,710,149
Land held for future development645,222
 684,993
516,346
 579,966
Total$2,298,577
 $1,706,571
$3,313,747
 $3,218,387
Homes under construction is comprised of costs associated with homes in various stages of construction and includes direct construction and related land acquisition and land development costs. Land under development primarily consists of land acquisition and land development costs. Land development costs whichalso include capitalized interest and real estate taxes associated with land undergoing improvement activity.taxes. When home construction begins, the associated land acquisition and land development costs are included in homes under construction. Land held for future development principally reflects land acquisition and land development costs related to land where development activity has been suspended or has not yet begun but is expected to occur in the future. These assets held for future development are located in various submarkets where conditions do not presently support further investment or development, or are subject to a building permit moratorium or regulatory restrictions, or are portions of larger land parcels that we plan to build out over several years and/or that have not yet been entitled. We may also suspend development activity if we believe it will result in greater returns and/or maximize the economic performance of a particular community by delaying improvements for a period of time to, for instance, allow earlier phases of a long-term, multi-phase community or a neighboring community to generate sales momentum or for market conditions to improve. We In some instances, we may activate or resume development activity when we believe our investment infor this inventory will be optimized or, in some instances, to accelerate sales pace and/or our return on investment, and weinvestment. We have activated assets previously held for future development in certain markets as part of our strategic growth initiatives. Interest and real estate taxes are not capitalized on land held for future development.
Our interest costs arewere as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Capitalized interest at beginning of year$217,684
 $233,461
 $249,966
$266,668
 $216,681
 $217,684
Interest incurred (a)149,101
 132,657
 112,037
186,885
 171,541
 149,101
Interest expensed (a)(62,690) (69,804) (49,204)(21,856) (30,750) (62,690)
Interest amortized to construction and land costs(b)(87,414) (78,630) (79,338)(143,255) (90,804) (87,414)
Capitalized interest at end of year (b)(c)$216,681
 $217,684
 $233,461
$288,442
 $266,668
 $216,681
(a)
Amounts for the yearsyear ended November 30, 2013 and 2012 included losses on the early extinguishment of debt of $10.4 million associated with the purchase and $10.3 million, respectively. Amounts for the year ended November 30, 2011 included a gain on the early extinguishmentretirement of secured debtcertain senior notes ahead of $3.6 million.their maturity.
(b)Inventory impairment charges are recognized against all inventory costs of a community, such as land acquisition, land development, cost of homeInterest amortized to construction and capitalized interest. land costs for the year ended November 30, 2015 included $16.4 million related to land sales during the period.
(c)Capitalized interest amounts presented in the table reflect the gross amount of capitalized interest, as inventory impairment charges recognized, if any, are not generally allocated to specific components of inventory.
Note 7.Inventory Impairments and Land Option Contract Abandonments
EachEach community or land parcel in our owned inventory is assessed to determine if indicators of potential impairment exist. Impairment indicators are assessed separately for each community or land parcel on a quarterly basis and include, but are not

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limited to, the following: significant decreases in net orders, average selling prices, volume of homes delivered, gross profit margins on homes delivered or projected gross profit margins on homes in backlog or future deliveries; significant increases in budgeted land development and home construction costs or cancellation rates; or projected losses on expected future land sales. If indicators of potential impairment exist for a community or land parcel, the identified asset is evaluated for recoverability in accordance with ASC 360.recoverability. We evaluated 67, 13535, 32 and 13831 communities or land parcels for recoverability during the years ended November 30,

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2013 2015, 20122014 and 20112013, respectively. The carrying value of those communities or land parcels evaluated was $286.3 million, $266.9 million and $146.0 million during the years ended November 30, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. As impairment indicators are assessed on a quarterly basis, some of the communities or land parcels evaluated during these years were evaluated in more than one quarterly period. Communities or land parcels evaluated for recoverability in more than one quarterly period, if any, are counted only once for each year shown. In some cases, we have recognized inventory impairment charges for particular communities or land parcels in multiple years. Inventory impairment charges are included in construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations.
When an indicator of potential impairment is identified for a community or land parcel, we test the asset for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of the asset to the undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. The undiscounted future net cash flows are impacted by then-current conditions and trends in the market in which the asset is located as well as factors known to us at the time the cash flows are calculated. With the undiscounted future net cash flows, we also consider recent trends in our orders, backlog, cancellation rates and volume of homes delivered, as well as our expectations related to the following: product offerings; market supply and demand, including estimated average selling prices and related price appreciation; and land development, home construction and overhead costs to be incurred and related cost inflation. With respect to the years ended November 30, 20132015 and 2012, 2014, these expectations reflected our experience that, notwithstanding fluctuations in our company-wide net orders, backlog levels, homes delivered and housing gross profit margin, on a year-over-year basis, market conditions for each of ourin the markets where assessed assets in inventory where impairment indicators were identifiedlocated have been generally stable or improved, with no significant deterioration identified, or projected, as to revenue and cost drivers that would prevent or otherwise impact recoverability. Based on this experience, and taking into account the signsgenerally healthy conditions in many of stability and improvement in manyour served markets for new home sales, our inventory assessments as of November 30, 20132015 considered an expected steady overall sales pace and average selling price performance for 20142016 relative to the pace and performance in recent quarters. While in the fourth quarter of 2013, our West Coast homebuilding reporting segment reported year-over-year decreases in homes delivered, net orders and ending backlog, these decreases were largely due to our selling through older communities and shifting our investment strategy to favor coastal California submarkets, and delays in opening new communities, and were not reflective of a decline in market conditions, particularly as the average selling price of homes delivered in the segment increased in the 2013 fourth quarter and the housing gross profit margin improved.
Given the inherent challenges and uncertainties in forecasting future results, our inventory assessments at the time they are made take into consideration whether a community or land parcel is active, meaning whether it is open for sales and/or undergoing development, or whether it is being held for future development. Due to the short-term nature of active communities and land parcels as compared to land held for future development, our inventory assessments generally assume the continuation of then-current market conditions, subject to identifying information suggesting significant sustained changes in such conditions. These assessments, at the time made, generally anticipate net orders, average selling prices, volume of homes delivered and costs for land development and home construction to continue at or near then-current levels through the particular asset’s estimated remaining life. Inventory assessments for our land held for future development consider then-current market conditions as well as subjective forecasts regarding the timing and costs of land development and home construction and related cost inflation; the product(s) to be offered; and the net orders, volume of homes delivered, and selling prices and related price appreciation of the offered product(s) when an associated community is anticipated to open for sales. We evaluate various factors to develop these forecasts, including the availability of and demand for homes and finished lots within the relevant marketplace; historical, current and expected future sales trends for the marketplace; and third-party data, if available. These various estimates, trends, expectations and assumptions used in each of our inventory assessments are specific to each community or land parcel based on what we believe are reasonable forecasts for performance and may vary among communities or land parcels and may vary over time.
We record an inventory impairment charge when the carrying value of a real estate asset is greater than the undiscounted future net cash flows the asset is expected to generate. These real estate assets are written down to fair value, which is primarily based on the estimated future net cash flows discounted for inherent risk associated with each such asset. Inputs used in our calculation of estimated discounted future net cash flows are specific to each affected community or land parcelreal estate asset and are based on our expectations for each such asset as of the applicable measurement date, including, among others, expectations related to average selling prices and volume of homes delivered. The discount rates we used were impacted by the following at the time the calculation was made: the risk-free rate of return; expected risk premium based on estimated land development, home construction and delivery timelines; market risk from potential future price erosion; cost uncertainty due to land development or home construction cost increases; and other risks specific to the asset or conditions in the market in which the asset is located.
Inventories associated with planned future land sales are stated at the lower of cost or fair value less costs to sell. The estimated fair value of such assets is generally based on an executed contract, broker quotes or similar information.
The following table summarizes ranges for significant quantitative unobservable inputs we utilized in our fair value measurements with respect to the impaired communities, orother than land parcelsheld for sale, written down to fair value during the years presented:

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 Years Ended November 30, Years Ended November 30,
Unobservable Input (a) 2013 2012 2011 2015 2014 2013
Average selling price $339,700 $115,200 - $556,300 $142,900 - $391,900 $178,100 - $509,400 $216,100 - $316,800 $339,700
Deliveries per month 1 1 - 6 1 - 10 2 - 4 1 - 4 1
Discount rate 17% 17% - 20% 17% - 20% 17% - 20% 17% - 19% 17%

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(a)The ranges of inputs used in each period primarily reflect the underlying variability amongdifferences between the housing markets where each of the impacted communities or land parcels are located, rather than fluctuations in prevailing market conditions.
Based on the results of our evaluations, we recognized inventory impairment charges of $.4$8.0 million in 2013 associated with one community, with a post-impairment fair value of $1.1 million. In 2012, we recognized inventory impairment charges of $28.1 million associated with 142015 related to four communities with a post-impairment fair value of $39.9 million. $12.0 million. We decided to change our operational and marketing strategy for these communities in order to monetize our investment more quickly primarily through lowering the average selling price of these homes or by accelerating the overall timing and pace for selling, building and delivering homes on land that had been held for future development. If we change our strategy on any given asset, it is possible that we may have additional impairments in the future.
In 2011,2014, we recognized inventory impairment charges of $22.7$37.6 million associated with 12eight communities or land parcels with a post-impairment fair value of $34.0$30.6 million. Of these charges, $26.6 million. related to two properties, located in inland southern California and Atlanta, Georgia, where we decided to change our strategy and monetize our investment through land sales rather than build and sell homes on the parcels as previously intended. The higher level ofremaining $11.0 million related to six communities primarily located in inland California and Arizona, reflecting decisions we made to monetize our investment in these land positions sooner by accelerating the overall timing and pace for selling, building and delivering homes on land that had been held for future development, and/or softening conditions in the relevant submarkets. In 2013, we recognized an inventory impairment charges in 2012 and 2011, compared to 2013, reflected challenging economic and housing market conditions in certaincharge of our served markets in each of those years. In addition, the inventory impairment charges we recognized in 2012 were partly due to changes in our operational or selling strategy for certain communities in an effort to accelerate sales pace and/or our return on investment. In 2011, the inventory impairment charges included an $18.1$.4 million adjustment to the associated with one community, with a post-impairment fair value of real estate collateral in our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment that we took back on a note receivable. In some cases, we have recognized inventory impairment charges for particular communities or land parcels in multiple years. Inventory impairment charges are included in construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations.$1.1 million.
As of November 30, 20132015, the aggregate carrying value of our inventory that had been impacted by inventory impairment charges was $293.1$254.2 million,, representing 4228 communities and various other land parcels. As of November 30, 20122014, the aggregate carrying value of our inventory that had been impacted by inventory impairment charges was $307.2$266.6 million,, representing 4633 communities and various other land parcels.
Our inventory controlled under land option contracts and other similar contracts is assessed to determine whether it continues to meet our internal investment and marketing standards. Assessments are made separately for each optioned land parcel on a quarterly basis and are affected by the following factors relative to the market in which the asset is located, among others: current and/or anticipated net orders, average selling prices and volume of homes delivered; estimated land development and home construction costs; and projected profitability on expected future housing or land sales. When a decision is made not to exercise certain land option contracts and other similar contracts due to market conditions and/or changes in our marketing strategy, we write off the related inventory costs, including non-refundable deposits and unrecoverable pre-acquisition costs. Based on the results of our assessments, we recognized land option contract abandonment charges of $3.2$1.6 million corresponding to 1,166 lots in 2952015, $1.8 million corresponding to 1,306 lots in 2014, and $3.2 million corresponding to 295 lots in 2013, $.4 million corresponding to 446 lots in 2012, and $3.1 million corresponding to 830 lots in 2011. We sometimes walk away fromabandon land option contracts or other similar contracts when we have incurred costs of less than $100,000; such costs and the corresponding lots, which totaled 78 lots in 2015, 7,292 lots in 2014 and 9,406 lots in 2013, are not included in the amounts above. Land option contract abandonment charges are included in construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations.
The estimated remaining life of each community or land parcel in our inventory depends on various factors, such as the total number of lots remaining; the expected timeline to acquire and entitle land and develop lots to build homes; the anticipated future net order and cancellation rates; and the expected timeline to build and deliver homes sold. While it is difficult to determine a precise timeframe for any particular inventory asset, we estimate our inventory assets’ remaining operating lives under current and expected future market conditions to range generally fromone year to in excess of 10 years. Basedbased on current market conditions and expected delivery timelines, we estimate our inventory assets’ remaining operating lives to range generally from one year to in excess of 10 years, and expect to realize, on an overall basis, the majority of our current inventory balance withinfive years.
Due to the judgment and assumptions applied in the estimation process with respect toour inventory impairments,impairment and land option contract abandonments,abandonment assessment processes, and in our estimations of the remaining operating lives of our inventory assets and the realization of our inventory balances, particularly as to inventoryland held for future development, it is possible that actual results could differ substantially from those estimated.
Note 8.Variable Interest Entities
We participate in joint ventures from time to time that conduct land acquisition, land development and/or other homebuilding activities in various markets where our homebuilding operations are located. Our investments in these joint ventures may create

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a variable interest in a VIE, depending on the contractual terms of the arrangement. We analyze our joint ventures in accordance with ASC 810 to determine whether they are VIEs and, if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary. None of our joint ventures at November 30, 20132015 and 20122014were determined under the provisions of ASC 810 to be VIEs. All of our joint ventures were unconsolidated and accounted for under the equity method because we did not have a controlling financial interest.
In the ordinary course of our business, we enter into land option contracts and other similar contracts to acquire rights to land for the construction of homes. The use of such land option contracts and other similarthese contracts generally allows us to reduce the market risks associated with direct land ownership and development, and to reduce our capital and financial commitments, including

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interest and other carrying costs. Under suchthese contracts, we typically pay a specified option or earnest money deposit in consideration for the right to purchase land in the future, usually at a predetermined price.
We analyze each of our land option contracts and other similar contracts under the provisions of ASC 810 to determine whether the land seller is a VIE and, if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary. Although we do not have legal title to the underlying land, ASC 810 requires uswe are required to consolidate a VIE if we are determined to be the primary beneficiary. In determining whether we are the primary beneficiary, we consider, among other things, whether we have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance. Such activities would include, among other things, determining or limiting the scope or purpose of the VIE, selling or transferring property owned or controlled by the VIE, or arranging financing for the VIE. As a result of our analyses, we determined that as of November 30, 20132015 and 20122014 we were not the primary beneficiary of any VIEs from which we have acquired rights to land under land option contracts and other similar contracts. We perform ongoing reassessments of whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE.
The following table presents a summary of our interests in land option contracts and other similar contracts (in thousands):
November 30, 2013 November 30, 2012November 30, 2015 November 30, 2014
Cash
Deposits
 
Aggregate
Purchase Price
 
Cash
Deposits
 
Aggregate
Purchase Price
Cash
Deposits
 
Aggregate
Purchase Price
 
Cash
Deposits
 
Aggregate
Purchase Price
Unconsolidated VIEs$11,063
 $616,000
 $8,463
 $327,196
$32,436
 $611,567
 $10,633
 $520,628
Other land option contracts and other similar contracts30,502
 535,496
 17,219
 298,139
22,101
 576,140
 22,426
 437,842
$41,565
 $1,151,496
 $25,682
 $625,335
Total$54,537
 $1,187,707
 $33,059
 $958,470
In addition to the cash deposits presented in the table above, our exposure to loss related to our land option contracts and other similar contracts with third parties and unconsolidated entities consisted of pre-acquisition costs of $65.6 million at $31.0November 30, 2015 and $48.0 million at November 30, 2013 and $25.4 million at November 30, 2012.2014. These pre-acquisition costs and cash deposits were included in inventories in our consolidated balance sheets. We also had outstanding letters of credit of $.1 million at $.1 million at November 30, 2013 and 2014$.5 million at November 30, 2012 in lieu of cash deposits under certain land option contracts and other similar contracts. There were no such outstanding letters of credit at November 30, 2015.
We also evaluate our land option contracts and other similar contracts for financing arrangements, in accordance with ASC 470, and, as a result of our evaluations, increased inventories, with a corresponding increase to accrued expenses and other liabilities, in our consolidated balance sheets by$8.9 $110.0 million at November 30, 20132015 and $4.1$3.1 million at November 30, 20122014.
Note 9.Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
We have investments in unconsolidated joint ventures that conduct land acquisition, land development and/or other homebuilding activities in various markets where our homebuilding operations are located. Our partners in these unconsolidated joint ventures are unrelated homebuilders, and/or land developers and other real estate entities, or commercial enterprises. These investments are designed primarily to reduce market and development risks and to increase the number of lots we own or control. In some instances, participating in unconsolidated joint ventures has enabled us to acquire and develop land that we might not otherwise have had access to due to a project’s size, financing needs, duration of development or other circumstances. While we consider our participation in unconsolidated joint ventures as potentially beneficial to our homebuilding activities, we do not view such participation as essential.
We typically have obtained rights to acquire portions of the land held by the unconsolidated joint ventures in which we currently participate. When an unconsolidated joint venture sells land to our homebuilding operations, we defer recognition of our share of such unconsolidated joint venture’s earnings (losses) until a home sale is closed and title passes to a homebuyer, at which time we account for those earnings (losses) as a reduction of(increase) to the cost of purchasing the land from the unconsolidated joint venture. We defer recognition of our share of such unconsolidated joint venture losses only to the extent profits are to be generated from the sale of the home to a homebuyer.

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We and our unconsolidated joint venture partners make initial and/or ongoing capital contributions to these unconsolidated joint ventures, typically on a pro rata basis, equalaccording to our respective equity interests. The obligations to make capital contributions are governed by each such unconsolidated joint venture’s respective operating agreement and related governing documents.
Each unconsolidated joint venture is obligated to maintain financial statements in accordance with GAAP. We share in the profits and lossesearnings (losses) of these unconsolidated joint ventures generally in accordance with our respective equity interests. In some instances, we recognize profits and lossesearnings (losses) related to our investment in an unconsolidated joint venture that differ from our equity interest in the unconsolidated joint venture. This may arisetypically arises from impairments that we recognize related to our investment that differ from the impairments the unconsolidated joint venture recognizes with respect to the unconsolidated joint venture’s assets; differences between our basis in assets we have transferred to the unconsolidated joint venture and the unconsolidated joint venture’s basis in those assets; our deferral of the unconsolidated joint venture’s profitsearnings (losses) from land sales to us;us, or other items.

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With respect to our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures, our equity in loss of unconsolidated joint ventures included impairment charges of $53.7 million in 2011. There were no such impairment charges in 2013 or 2012. In 2011, the impairment charge reflected the write off of our remaining investment in South Edge, a residential development joint venture in our Southwest homebuilding reporting segment. We wrote off our remaining investment based on our determination that South Edge was no longer able to perform its originally intended activities following a 2011 court decision to enter an order for relief on a Chapter 11 involuntary bankruptcy petition filed against South Edge.
The following table presents combined condensed information from the statements of operations of our unconsolidated joint ventures (in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Revenues$17,446
 $31,772
 $230
$15,322
 $12,538
 $17,446
Construction and land costs(10,709) (21,467) (54)(23,123) (10,790) (10,709)
Other expenses, net(4,042) (2,009) (4,506)(3,360) (1,476) (4,042)
Income (loss)$2,695
 $8,296
 $(4,330)$(11,161) $272
 $2,695
For the years ended November 30, 20132015, 2014 and 2012,2013, combined revenues and construction and land costs and incomewere generated primarily from our unconsolidated joint ventures primarily reflected land sales completed by an unconsolidated joint venture in Maryland.sales.
The following table presents combined condensed balance sheet information for our unconsolidated joint ventures (in thousands):
November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Assets      
Cash$18,752
 $29,721
$23,309
 $23,699
Receivables4,902
 6,104
7,546
 5,106
Inventories381,195
 352,791
175,196
 153,427
Other assets1,183
 1,175
910
 
Total assets$406,032
 $389,791
$206,961
 $182,232
Liabilities and equity      
Accounts payable and other liabilities$85,386
 $88,027
$17,108
 $10,824
Notes payable (a)39,064
 
Equity320,646
 301,764
150,789
 171,408
Total liabilities and equity$406,032
 $389,791
$206,961
 $182,232
(a)In August 2015, one of our unconsolidated joint ventures entered into a construction loan agreement with a third-party lender to finance its land development activities that is secured by the underlying property and related project assets. The unconsolidated joint venture’s outstanding secured debt is non-recourse to us and is scheduled to mature in August 2018. None of our other unconsolidated joint ventures had outstanding debt at November 30, 2015. None of our unconsolidated joint ventures had outstanding debt at November 30, 2014.
The following table presents additional information relating to our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures (dollars in thousands):

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November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Number of investments in unconsolidated joint ventures9
 8
7
 6
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures$130,192
 $123,674
$71,558
 $79,441
Number of unconsolidated joint venture lots controlled under land option contracts or other similar contracts5,367
 4,940
Number of unconsolidated joint venture lots controlled under land option contracts and other similar contracts677
 618

In 2014, we sold our interest in an unconsolidated joint venture in Maryland for $10.1 million, which resulted in a gain of $3.2 million that was included in equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures in our consolidated statement of operations for the year ended November 30, 2014.
We and our partner in the unconsolidated joint venture that entered into the construction loan agreement described above provided certain guarantees and indemnities to the lender, including a guaranty to complete the construction of improvements for the project; a guaranty against losses the lender suffers due to certain bad acts or failures to act by the unconsolidated joint venture or its partners; a guaranty of interest payments on the outstanding balance of the secured debt under the construction loan agreement; and an indemnity of the lender from environmental issues. In each case, our actual responsibility under the foregoing guaranty and indemnity obligations is limited to our pro rata interest in the unconsolidated joint venture. We do not have a guaranty or any other obligation to repay or to support the value of the collateral underlying the unconsolidated joint venture’s outstanding secured debt under the construction loan agreement. However, various financial and non-financial covenants apply with respect to the outstanding secured debt under the construction loan agreement and the related guaranty and indemnity obligations, and a failure to comply with such covenants could result in a default and cause the lender to seek to enforce such guaranty and indemnity obligations, if and as may be applicable. As of November 30, 2013 and 2012, our total amount of investments2015, we were in unconsolidated joint ventures was largely comprised of investments in Inspirada Builders, LLC, as described below, and a joint venture in California.
Our unconsolidated joint ventures finance land and inventory investments for a project through a variety of arrangements, and certaincompliance with the applicable terms of our unconsolidated joint ventures have obtained loans from third-party lenders that are secured by the underlying property and related project assets. However, none of our unconsolidated joint ventures had outstanding debt at November 30, 2013 or 2012.

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In 2011, we recognized an aggregate loss on loan guaranty charge of $30.8 million in our consolidated statements of operations related to our investment in South Edge, which underwent a bankruptcy reorganization in that year. This charge resulted from our recording a probable obligation related to a contingent payment guaranty that we had provided to the administrative agent for the lenders to South Edge and the bankruptcy court’s confirmation of the consensual plan of reorganization for South Edge, and took into account accruals we had previously establishedrelevant covenants with respect to the construction loan agreement. We do not believe that our investment in South Edge. The loss on loanexisting exposure under our guaranty charge was in additionand indemnity obligations related to the unconsolidated joint venture impairment charge of $53.7 million that we recognized in 2011 to write off our remaining investment in South Edge. In connection with the reorganization plan for South Edge and the resolution of other matters surrounding South Edge, we made payments of $251.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2011, including a payment to the administrative agent, which satisfied the respective liens of the administrative agent and most of the South Edge lenders on the land South Edge owned. Accordingly, our obligationsventure’s outstanding secured debt under the contingent payment guaranty were eliminated.
Our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures as of November 30, 2013 and 2012 includedconstruction loan agreement is material to our investment of $75.9 million and $71.0 million, respectively, in Inspirada Builders, LLC, an unconsolidated joint venture that was formed in 2011 in connection with the consensual plan of reorganization plan for South Edge, and in which a subsidiary that is 100% owned by us is a member. As part of the terms of the reorganization plan for South Edge, land previously owned by the South Edge joint venture, including our share that consists of approximately 600 developable acres, was acquired by Inspirada Builders, LLC in November 2011. We anticipate that we will acquire our share of the land from Inspirada Builders, LLC through a future distribution.consolidated financial statements.
Note 10.Other Assets
Other assets consisted of the following (in thousands):
November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Cash surrender value of insurance contracts$68,534
 $64,757
$67,786
 $70,571
Debt issuance costs (a)27,366
 14,563
25,408
 27,082
Property and equipment, net8,460
 7,920
13,100
 11,831
Prepaid expenses2,716
 7,810
6,480
 5,431
Total$107,076
 $95,050
$112,774
 $114,915
(a)The increase in debt issuance costs as of November 30, 2013 compared to November 30, 2012 primarily reflected the costs associated with our underwritten public issuances of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021, and our entry into the Credit Facility during 2013.
Note 11.Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

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November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Inventory-related obligations (a)$148,887
 $52,009
Employee compensation and related benefits114,456
 113,875
Self-insurance and other litigation liabilities$99,612
 $107,111
96,496
 89,606
Employee compensation and related benefits99,332
 97,189
Accrued interest payable62,645
 63,275
Warranty liability48,704
 47,822
49,085
 45,196
Accrued interest payable45,562
 47,392
Inventory-related obligations29,517
 11,674
Customer deposits14,563
 15,197
Real estate and business taxes8,131
 8,453
14,255
 13,684
Other25,318
 20,704
13,027
 17,040
Total$356,176
 $340,345
$513,414
 $409,882

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(a)Represents liabilities for inventory not owned associated with financing arrangements discussed in Note 8. Variable Interest Entities, as well as liabilities for fixed or determinable amounts associated with TIFE assessments. As homes are delivered, the obligation to pay the remaining TIFE assessments associated with each underlying lot is transferred to the homebuyer. As such, these assessment obligations will be paid by us only to the extent we do not deliver homes on applicable lots before the related TIFE obligations mature.

Note 12.Income Taxes
Income Tax Benefit (Expense). The components of the income tax benefit (expense) in theour consolidated statements of operations are as follows (in thousands):
Federal State TotalFederal State Total
2015     
Current$(1,400) $(2,000) $(3,400)
Deferred(35,900) (3,100) (39,000)
Income tax expense$(37,300) $(5,100) $(42,400)
2014     
Current$100
 $(1,900) $(1,800)
Deferred646,000
 179,200
 825,200
Income tax benefit$646,100
 $177,300
 $823,400
2013          
Current$
 $1,600
 $1,600
$
 $1,600
 $1,600
Deferred
 
 

 
 
Income tax benefit$
 $1,600
 $1,600
$
 $1,600
 $1,600
2012     
Current$16,500
 $3,600
 $20,100
Deferred
 
 
Income tax benefit$16,500
 $3,600
 $20,100
2011     
Current$2,600
 $(200) $2,400
Deferred
 
 
Income tax benefit (expense)$2,600
 $(200) $2,400
We recognized anOur income tax benefitexpense for 2015 reflected the favorable net impact of $1.6$5.6 million of federal energy tax credits we earned from building energy-efficient homes, resulting in 2013, $20.1 million in 2012 and $2.4 million in 2011an effective tax rate of 33.4%. The income tax benefit forin 2014 was primarily due to the reversal of a substantial portion of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance at November 30, 2014. In 2013, was due tothe income tax benefit reflected the resolution of a state tax audit, which resulted in a refund receivable of $1.4 million, as well as the recognition of unrecognized tax benefits of $1.0 million, partly offset by the state tax liability of $.8 million. The income tax benefit of $20.1 million in 2012 primarily reflected the resolution of federal and state tax audits, which also resulted in the realization of $1.2 million of deferred tax assets. The income tax benefit in 2011 reflected the reversal of a $2.6 million liability for unrecognized tax benefits due to the status of federal and state tax audits. Due to the effects of our deferred tax asset valuation allowances carrybacks of our NOL, and changes in our unrecognized tax benefits, our effective tax rates in 2014 and 2013 2012 and 2011 arewere not meaningful items as our income tax amounts arewere not directly correlated to the amount of our pretax income (loss) for those periods.
The tax credit impact in 2015 included energy tax credits we earned from building energy-efficient homes in 2011, 2012 and 2013, as well as from building energy-efficient homes in 2014 pursuant to the Tax Increase Prevention Act, which was enacted into law on December 19, 2014. Among other things, the law retroactively extended the availability of a business tax credit for building new energy-efficient homes through December 31, 2014. Prior to this legislation, the tax credit expired on December 31, 2013.

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Deferred Income Taxes.Tax Assets, Net. Deferred income taxes result from temporary differences in the financial and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Significant components of our deferred tax liabilities and assets are as follows (in thousands):

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November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Deferred tax liabilities:      
Capitalized expenses$87,599
 $76,112
$110,408
 $103,196
State taxes62,884
 64,577
68,866
 72,258
Depreciation and amortization300
 
Other208
 218
196
 310
Total$150,991
 $140,907
179,470
 175,764
   
Deferred tax assets:      
NOLs from 2006 through 2015423,274
 459,393
Tax credits186,169
 176,234
Inventory impairments and land option contract abandonments$110,745
 $132,099
179,828
 229,264
NOL from 2006 through 2013459,885
 442,621
Employee benefits93,395
 82,776
Warranty, legal and other accruals50,110
 54,744
49,655
 42,621
Employee benefits73,039
 68,644
Capitalized expenses34,887
 24,155
Partnerships and joint ventures122,081
 132,851
18,557
 15,672
Depreciation and amortization
 7,467
9,146
 9,022
Capitalized expenses9,359
 6,646
Tax credits173,289
 169,173
Deferred income656
 668
Other11,267
 6,107
4,537
 3,009
Total1,010,431
 1,021,020
999,448
 1,042,146
Valuation allowance(859,440) (880,113)(37,782) (41,150)
Total150,991
 140,907
961,666
 1,000,996
Net deferred tax assets$
 $
Deferred tax assets, net$782,196
 $825,232
Reconciliation of Expected Income Tax Benefit (Expense). The income tax benefit (expense) computed at the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate and the income tax benefit (expense) provided in theour consolidated statements of operations differ as follows (in(dollars in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Income tax benefit (expense) computed at statutory rate$(13,427) $27,672
 $63,397
State taxes, net of federal income tax benefit(1,947) 9,948
 4,691
Reserve and deferred income(1,808) (9,146) (1,161)
Capitalized expenses
 7,960
 (3,501)
Basis in joint ventures(9,598) 42,503
 4,401
NOL reconciliation(3,806) (5,345) 715
Inventory impairments2,827
 (59,401) (1,852)
Recognition of federal and state tax benefits1,600
 17,650
 2,600
$ % $ % $ %
Income tax expense computed at statutory rate$(44,462) (35.0)% $(33,232) (35.0)% $(13,427) (35.0)%
Tax credits2,675
 17,889
 5,477
8,220
 6.5
 2,884
 3.0
 2,675
 7.0
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets20,673
 (32,286) (76,747)3,356
 2.6
 825,232
 869.1
 20,673
 53.9
Depreciation and amortization4,523
 2,482
 
3,183
 2.5
 15,765
 16.6
 4,523
 11.8
Basis in joint ventures1,617
 1.3
 10,441
 11.0
 (9,598) (25.0)
Inventory impairments(1,701) (1.3) 
 
 2,827
 7.4
Reserve and deferred income(2,259) (1.8) 
 
 (1,808) (4.7)
NOL reconciliation(3,379) (2.7) 12,973
 13.7
 (3,806) (9.9)
State taxes, net of federal income tax benefit(5,155) (4.1) (13,907) (14.7) (1,947) (5.1)
Capitalized expenses
 
 1,249
 1.3
 
 
Recognition of federal and state tax benefits
 
 59
 .1
 1,600
 4.2
Other, net(112) 174
 4,380
(1,820) (1.4) 1,936
 2.1
 (112) (.3)
Income tax benefit$1,600
 $20,100
 $2,400
Income tax benefit (expense)$(42,400) (33.4)% $823,400
 867.2 % $1,600
 4.3 %

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Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance. In accordance with ASC 740, weWe evaluate our deferred tax assets quarterly to determine if adjustments to theour valuation allowance are required. ASC 740 requires that companies assess whether a valuation allowance should be establishedrequired based on the consideration of all available positive and negative evidence using a “more likely than not” standard with

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respect to whether deferred tax assets will be realized. Our evaluation considers, among other factors, our historical operating results, our expectation of future profitability, the duration of the applicable statutory carryforward periods, and conditions in the housing market and the broader economy. The ultimate realization of our deferred tax assets depends primarily on the generation ofour ability to generate future taxable income.income during the periods in which the related temporary differences in the financial basis and the tax basis of the assets become deductible. The value of our deferred tax assets will dependdepends on applicable income tax rates. During
At November 30, 2015 and 2014, we had deferred tax assets of $820.0 million and $866.4 million, respectively, that were partially offset by valuation allowances of $37.8 million and $41.2 million, respectively. The valuation allowances at November 30, 2015 and 2014 were primarily related to foreign tax credits and certain state NOLs that had not met the “more likely than not” realization standard as of those dates. As of November 30, 2015, we needed to generate approximately $2 billion of pretax income in future periods before 2035 to realize our deferred tax assets. Based on our evaluation of our deferred tax assets as of November 30, 2015, we determined that most of our deferred tax assets would be realized. We reduced our deferred tax assets and valuation allowance by $3.4 million in 2015 to account primarily for the expiration of federal tax credits and state NOLs that were not utilized.
At November 30, 2014, we determined through our evaluation process that it was more likely than not that most of our deferred tax assets would be realized. As a result, we recognized an $824.2 million income tax benefit in the fourth quarter of 2014, which included the reversal of all but $41.2 million of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance. The principal positive evidence that led us to determine at November 30, 2014 that most of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance could be reversed included our emergence from a three-year cumulative pretax loss position in 2014 as well as the underlying momentum in our business and generally improved housing market and broader economic conditions that had enabled us to achieve and maintain a three-year cumulative pretax income position as of and after the 2014 third quarter; the significant pretax income we generated during 2014 and 2013, including six consecutive quarters of pretax income as of November 30, 2014; improvement in key financial metrics in 2014 when compared to the previous year (including in our revenues; housing gross profits; selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of housing revenues; net orders and backlog); our expectation of future profitability; our strong financial position; significant evidence that conditions in the U.S. housing industry were more favorable than in recent years and our belief that such conditions would continue to be favorable over the long term; and our belief that we would be able to make operational adjustments to address any potential changes in market conditions to maintain long-term profitability and realize our deferred tax assets.
In 2013, we reduced the valuation allowance by $20.7$20.7 million to account for adjustments to our deferred tax assets associated with the pretax income generated during the year and the loss of state NOLs due to the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. During 2012
We will continue to evaluate both the positive and 2011, we recorded valuation allowances of $32.3 million and $76.7 million, respectively, against net deferred tax assets generated primarily from the pretax losses for those years. One of the primary pieces of negative evidence that we consideron a quarterly basis in evaluatingdetermining the need for a valuation allowance with respect to our deferred tax assets. The accounting for deferred tax assets is our three-year cumulative loss position, which is largelybased upon estimates of future results. Changes in positive and negative evidence, including differences between estimated and actual results, could result in changes in the resultvaluation of our pretax lossesdeferred tax assets that could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Changes in 2012 and 2011, as we generated pretax income in 2013. In 2013, we had two consecutive quarters of pretax income and have experienced year-over-year increases in our homes delivered, revenues, housing gross profit margin and net orders. In addition, our backlog value at November 30, 2013 was higher than at November 30, 2012. If such positive trends in our business continue, together with improvements in housing marketsexisting tax laws could also affect actual tax results and the homebuilding industry, and we are profitable on a sustained basis, we believe that there could be sufficient positive evidence to support reducing a large portionrealization of our valuation allowance during 2014.deferred tax assets over time.
The majority of the tax benefits associated with our NOLNOLs can be carried forward for 20 years (as we did not have taxable income in the allowable two-year carryback period) and applied to offset future taxable income. The federal NOL carryforwards of $329.0$267.1 million,, if not utilized, will begin to expire in 2030 through 2033. TheDepending on their applicable statutory period, the state NOL carryforwards of $130.9$156.1 million, if not utilized, will begin to expire between 20142016 and 2033 if not utilized.2035. During 2013, $3.52015, $1.7 million of state NOL carryforwards expired.
In addition, $84.4$95.5 million of our tax credits, if not utilized, will begin to expire in 20152016 through 2033.2034. Included in the $84.4$95.5 million are $7.8$3.2 million of investment tax credits, of which $7.0$2.4 million and $.8$.8 million will expire in 2026 and 2027,, respectively.
We had no net deferred respectively, as well as foreign tax assets at November 30, 2013 or 2012 as we maintained a full valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. The deferred tax asset valuation allowance decreased to $859.4credits of $14.0 million at November 30, 2013 from $880.1 million at November 30, 2012, reflecting a reduction of $20.7 million due to the use of deferred tax assets to offset the income taxes associated with the net income generated during 2013, and the loss of certain state NOLs due to the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. To the extent we generate sufficient taxable income that will expire in the future to fully utilize the tax benefits of the related deferred tax assets, we expect our effective tax rate to decrease as the valuation allowance is reversed.2016.
Unrecognized Tax Benefits. Gross unrecognized tax benefits are the differences between a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return, and the benefit recognized for accounting purposes. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, is as follows (in thousands):

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Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Balance at beginning of year$1,671
 $1,899
 $11,308
$206
 $206
 $1,671
Additions for tax positions related to prior years
 
 5
Reductions for tax positions related to prior years
 (165) 
Reductions due to lapse of statute of limitations(1,465) (63) (2,476)(150) 
 (1,465)
Reductions due to resolution of federal and state audits
 
 (6,938)
Balance at end of year$206
 $1,671
 $1,899
$56
 $206
 $206
We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in our consolidated financial statements as a component of the provision for or benefit from income taxes. As of November 30, 20132015, 20122014 and 20112013, there were $.3$.1 million,, $1.3 $.1 million and $1.8$.3 million,, respectively, of gross unrecognized tax benefits (including interest and penalties), that, if recognized, would affect our annual effective tax rate. Our total accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized income tax benefits was $.3 millionzero at November 30, 20132015 and $.6$.1 million at November 30, 2012.2014. Our liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits at November 30, 20132015 and 20122014 are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.
Included in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits at both November 30, 20132015 and 20122014 were tax positions of $.2 millionzero and $1.0$.2 million, respectively, for which the ultimate deductibility is highly certain but the timing of such deductibility is uncertain. Because of the impact of deferred tax accounting, other than interest and penalties, the disallowance of the shorter deductibility period would not affect our annual effective tax rate, but would accelerate the payment of cash to a tax authority to an earlier period.
As of November 30, 20132015, our gross unrecognized tax benefits (including interest and penalties) totaled $.5 million.$.1 million. We anticipate that these gross unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by an amount ranging from $.1zero to $.1 million to $.3 million during

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the 12 months from this reporting date due to various state filings associated with the resolutionexpiration of a federal audit.the statute of limitations. The fiscal years ending 20102012 and later remain open to federal examinations, while 2011 and later remain open to state examinations.
TheNotwithstanding the reversal of a substantial portion of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance at November 30, 2014, the benefits of our NOL,deferred tax assets, including our NOLs, built-in losses and tax credits would be reduced or potentially eliminated if we experienced an “ownership change” under Section 382. Based on our analysis performed as of November 30, 2013,2015, we do not believe that we have experienced an ownership change as defined by Section 382, and, therefore, the NOL,NOLs, built-in losses and tax credits we have generated should not be subject to a Section 382 limitation as of this reporting date.
Note 13.Mortgages and Notes Payable
Mortgages and notesNotes payable consisted of the following (in thousands):
November 30,November 30,
2013 20122015 2014
Mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans (at interest rates of 7% at November 30, 2013 and 6% to 7% at November 30, 2012)$13,615
 $52,311
5 3/4% Senior notes due February 1, 2014
 75,911
5 7/8% Senior notes due January 15, 2015
 101,999
Mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans (at interest rates of 4% to 7% at November 30, 2015 and 5% to 7% at November 30, 2014)$35,664
 $38,250
6 1/4% Senior notes due June 15, 2015199,864
 236,826

 199,891
9.10% Senior notes due September 15, 2017262,048
 261,430
263,475
 262,729
7 1/4% Senior notes due June 15, 2018299,261
 299,129
299,554
 299,402
4.75% Senior notes due May 15, 2019400,000
 400,000
8.00% Senior notes due March 15, 2020345,710
 345,209
346,843
 346,253
7.00% Senior notes due December 15, 2021450,000
 
450,000
 450,000
7.50% Senior notes due September 15, 2022350,000
 350,000
350,000
 350,000
7.625% Senior notes due May 15, 2023250,000
 
1.375% Convertible senior notes due February 1, 2019230,000
 
230,000
 230,000
Total$2,150,498
 $1,722,815
$2,625,536
 $2,576,525
Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility. On March 12, 2013,August 7, 2015, we entered into an amendment to the Credit Facility with a syndicate of financial institutions.that increased the commitment from $200.0 million to $275.0 million and extended its maturity from March 12, 2016 to August 7, 2019. The Credit Facility will mature on March 12, 2016. The Credit Facility contains an uncommitted accordion feature under which its aggregate principal amount of available loans can be increased to up to$300.0a maximum of $450.0 million under certain conditions, and the availability ofincluding obtaining additional bank commitments, as well as a sublimit of $100.0$137.5 million for the issuance of letters of credit, which may be utilized in combination with, or to replace, the LOC

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Facilities. Interest on amounts borrowed under the Credit Facility is payable quarterly in arrears at a rate based on either the London Interbank Offered Ratea Eurodollar or a base rate, plus a spread that depends on our debt rating and Leverage Ratio, as defined under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility also requires the payment of a commitment fee ranging from .50%.30% to .75%.50% of the unused commitment, based on our debt rating and Leverage Ratio. Under theThe terms of the Credit Facility we are required,require us, among other things, to maintain compliance with various covenants, including financial covenants relating to our consolidated tangible net worth, the Leverage Ratio, and either an interest coverage ratioInterest Coverage Ratio or a minimum level of liquidity, each as defined therein. The amount of the Credit Facility available for cash borrowings or the issuance of letters of credit depends on the total cash borrowings and letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility and the maximum available amount under the terms of the Credit Facility. As of November 30, 2013,2015, we had no cash borrowings orand $24.3 million of letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility andFacility. Therefore, as of November 30, 2015, we had $200.0$250.7 million available for cash borrowings under the Credit Facility, with up to $100.0$113.2 million of that amount available for the issuance of letters of credit.
Borrowings under the Credit Facility are required to be unconditionally guaranteed jointly and severally by certain of our subsidiaries (the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”) that meet the definition of a “significant subsidiary” as defined by Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X using a 5% rather than a 10% threshold, provided that the assets of our non-guarantor subsidiaries do not in the aggregate exceed 10% of an adjusted measure of our consolidated total assets. Each of the Guarantor Subsidiaries is a 100% owned subsidiary of ours. We may also cause other subsidiaries of ours to become Guarantor Subsidiaries if we believe it to be in our or the relevant subsidiary’s best interests.
Letter of CreditLOC Facilities. We maintain the LOC Facilities with various financial institutions to obtain letters of credit in the ordinary course of operating our business. As of November 30, 2013 and 2012, $41.5 million2015 and $41.92014, we had $9.1 million, and $26.7 million, respectively, of letters of credit were outstanding under the LOC Facilities. The LOC Facilities require us to deposit and maintain cash with the issuing financial institutions as collateral for our letters of credit outstanding.We may maintain, revise or, if necessary or desirable, enter into additional or expanded letter of credit facilities, or other similar facility arrangements, with the same or other financial institutions.

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Mortgages and Land Contracts Due to Land Sellers and Other Loans. As of November 30, 2013,2015, inventories having a carrying value of $37.9$136.1 million were pledged to collateralize mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans.
Shelf Registration. We have an automatically effective universal shelf registration statement on file with the SEC. The 2011 Shelf Registration registers the offeringIssuances of debt and equity securities that we may issue from time to time in amountsunder our 2014 Shelf Registration require the filing of a prospectus supplement identifying the amount and terms of the securities to be determined.issued. Our ability to issue equity and/or debt is subject to market conditions and other factors impacting our borrowing capacity.
Senior Notes. All of our senior notes outstanding at November 30, 20132015 and 20122014 represent senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future indebtedness and are unconditionally guaranteed jointly and severally by the Guarantor Subsidiaries on aindebtedness. All of our outstanding senior unsecured basis. At our option, these notes may be redeemed,were issued in whole at any time or from time to time in part, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (a) 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed and (b) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the notes being redeemed discounted to the redemption date at a defined rate, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest on the notes being redeemed to the applicable redemption date.underwritten public offerings.
On January 28, 2004, we issued the 5 3/4% Senior Notes due 2014 at 99.474% of the $250.0 million in aggregate principal amount of these notes in a private placement. On June 16, 2004, we exchanged all of the privately placed 5 3/4% Senior Notes due 2014 for notes that are substantially identical except that the new 5 3/4% Senior Notes due 2014 are registered under the Securities Act of 1933.
On December 15, 2004, pursuant to the shelf registration statement filed with the SEC on November 12, 2004 (the “2004 Shelf Registration”), we issued the 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2015 at 99.357% of the $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of these notes.
On June 2, 2005, pursuant to the 2004 Shelf Registration, we issued $300.0 million of the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015 at 99.533% of the aggregate principal amount of these notes, and on June 27, 2005, issued $150.0 million additional senior notes in the same series at 100.614% of the aggregate principal amount of these notes.
On July 30, 2009, pursuant to the shelf registration statement filed with the SEC on October 17, 2008, we issued the 9.10% senior notes due 2017 (the “9.10% Senior Notes due 2017”) at 98.014% of the $265.0 million in aggregate principal amount of these notes. We used substantially all of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 9.10% Senior Notes due 2017 to purchase, pursuant to a simultaneous tender offer, $250.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 6 3/8% Senior Notes due 2011. On August 15, 2011, we repaid the remaining $100.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 6 3/8% Senior Notes due 2011 at their maturity.
On April 3, 2006, pursuant to the 2004 Shelf Registration, we issued the 7 1/4% Senior Notes due 2018 at 99.486% of the $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of these notes.
On February 7, 2012, pursuant to the 2011 Shelf Registration, we issued the 8.00% Senior Notes due 2020 at 98.523% of the $350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of these notes. We used substantially all of the net proceeds from this issuance to purchase, pursuant to theThe key terms of the applicable January 2012 Tender Offers, $340.0 million in aggregate principal amount of portions of each of the 5 3/4% Senior Notes due 2014, the 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2015 and the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015. The total amount paid to purchase theseour senior notes wasoutstanding as of $340.5 million. We incurred a $2.0 millionNovember 30, 2015 loss on the early extinguishment of debtwere as follows (dollars in 2012 due to a premium paid under the applicable January 2012 Tender Offers and the unamortized original issue discount.thousands):
On July 31, 2012, pursuant to the 2011 Shelf Registration, we issued the 7.50% Senior Notes due 2022 at 100% of the $350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of these notes. We used $252.2 million of the net proceeds from this issuance to purchase, pursuant to the terms of the applicable July 2012 Tender Offers, $244.9 million in aggregate principal amount of portions of each of the 5 3/4% Senior Notes due 2014, the 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2015 and the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015. We used the remaining net proceeds from this issuance for general corporate purposes. We incurred an $8.3 million loss on the early extinguishment of debt in 2012 due to a premium paid under the applicable July 2012 Tender Offers and the unamortized original issue discount.
On October 29, 2013, pursuant to the 2011 Shelf Registration, we issued the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021 at 100% of the $450.0 million in aggregate principal amount of these notes. We used $225.4 million of the net proceeds from this issuance to purchase $19.7 million in aggregate principal amount of the 5 3/4% Senior Notes due 2014, $91.1 million in aggregate principal amount of the 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2015 and $37.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015, pursuant to the terms of the applicable October 2013 Tender Offers, and to redeem the remaining $56.3 million in aggregate principal amount of the 5 3/4% Senior Notes due 2014 and $11.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2015 that were not purchased in the applicable October 2013 Tender Offers. The October 2013 Tender Offers expired on November 12, 2013. We plan to use the remaining net proceeds from this issuance for general corporate purposes. We incurred
        Redeemable Prior to Maturity Effective Interest Rate
         
Notes Payable Principal Issuance Date Maturity Date  
9.10% Senior notes $265,000
 July 30, 2009 September 15, 2017 Yes (a) 9.5%
7 1/4% Senior notes 300,000
 April 3, 2006 June 15, 2018 Yes (a) 7.3
4.75% Senior notes 400,000
 March 25, 2014 May 15, 2019 Yes (b) 4.8
8.00% Senior notes 350,000
 February 7, 2012 March 15, 2020 Yes (a) 8.3
7.00% Senior notes 450,000
 October 29, 2013 December 15, 2021 Yes (b) 7.0
7.50% Senior notes 350,000
 July 31, 2012 September 15, 2022 Yes (a) 7.5
7.625% Senior notes 250,000
 February 17, 2015 May 15, 2023 Yes (b) 7.6
1.375% Convertible senior notes 230,000
 January 29, 2013 February 1, 2019 Yes (c) 1.4
(a)At our option, these notes may be redeemed, in whole at any time or from time to time in part, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed and (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the notes being redeemed (exclusive of interest accrued to the applicable redemption date), discounted to the redemption date at a defined rate, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest on the notes being redeemed to the applicable redemption date.
(b)At our option, these notes may be redeemed, in whole at any time or from time to time in part, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed and (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the notes being redeemed (exclusive of interest accrued to the applicable redemption date), discounted to the redemption date at a defined rate, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest on the notes being redeemed to, but excluding, the applicable redemption date, except that three months prior to the stated maturity dates for the 4.75% Senior Notes due 2019 and the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021 and until their respective maturity, and six months prior to the stated maturity date for the 7.625% Senior Notes due 2023 and until their maturity, the redemption price will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest on the notes being redeemed to, but excluding, the applicable redemption date.

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a $10.4 million loss on the early extinguishment of debt in 2013 due to a premium paid under the applicable October 2013 Tender Offers, premiums paid to redeem the applicable remaining senior notes, and the unamortized original issue discount associated with these senior notes.
(c)We may not redeem the notes prior to November 6, 2018. On or after November 6, 2018, and prior to the stated maturity date, we may, at our option, redeem all or part of the notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding the redemption date.
If a change in control occurs as defined in the instruments governing our senior notes, we would be required to offer to purchase all of our outstanding senior notes (with the exception of the amountsamount outstanding related to our 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015 and our 7 1/4% Senior Notes due 2018) at 101% of their principal amount, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, if any.
Convertible Senior Notes. On January 29, 2013 and February 4, 2013, pursuant to the 2011 Shelf Registration, we issued in an underwritten public offering the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 at 100% of the $230.0 million in aggregate principal amount of these notes. The issuance on February 4, 2013 was made pursuant to the exercise of an option granted to the underwriters to purchase such notes to cover over-allotments. Interest on the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, which represent senior unsecured obligations of ours and rank equally in right of payment with all of our other senior unsecured indebtedness, is payable semi-annually in arrears on February 1 and August 1, commencing on August 1, 2013. We will also pay interest on November 1, 2018. The 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 will mature on February 1, 2019, unless converted earlier by the holders, at their option, or redeemed by us, or purchased by us at the option of the holders following the occurrence of If a fundamental change, as defined in the instruments governing the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019.2019, occurs prior to the stated maturity date, the holders may require us to purchase for cash all or any portion of their 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 at 100% of the principal amount of the notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the fundamental change purchase date.
In 2015, we used a portion of the total net proceeds of $245.4 million from the issuance of the 7.625% Senior Notes due 2023 to retire the remaining $199.9 million in aggregate principal amount of our 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015 at their maturity on June 15, 2015. The remainder of the net proceeds was used for general corporate purposes, including working capital, land acquisition and land development.
In 2014, we used the $394.6 million in total net proceeds from the issuance of the 4.75% Senior Notes due 2019 together with the total net proceeds from a concurrent underwritten public offering of our common stock, which is discussed below in Note 17. Stockholders’ Equity, for general corporate purposes, including without limitation land acquisition and land development.
In 2013, we used $225.4 million of the total net proceeds from the issuance of the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021 to purchase $215.1 million in aggregate principal amount of certain senior notes that were scheduled to mature in 2014 and 2015. The remainder of the net proceeds was used for general corporate purposes, including without limitation land acquisition and land development. We incurred a $10.4 million loss on the early extinguishment of debt in 2013 due to a premium paid under the applicable tender offers, premiums paid to redeem the applicable remaining senior notes, and the unamortized original issue discount associated with these senior notes.
In 2013, we also used the $222.7 million in total net proceeds from the issuance of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 together with the total net proceeds from a concurrent underwritten public offering of our common stock, which is described in Note 17. Stockholders’ Equity, for general corporate purposes, including for investments in land and land/community development.
At any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of theirthe 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019. The 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019These notes are initially convertible into shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of 36.5297 shares for each $1,000 principal amount of the notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $27.37 per share and a conversion premium of approximately 47% based on the closing price of our common stock on January 29, 2013, which was $18.62 per share. This initial conversion rate equates to 8,401,831 shares of our common stock. The conversion ratestock and is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events, including: subdivisions and combinations of our common stock; the issuance of stock dividends, or certain rights, options or warrants, capital stock, indebtedness, assets or cash dividends to all or substantially all holders of our common stock; and certain issuer tender or exchange offers. The conversion rate will not, however, be adjusted for other events, such as a third party tender or exchange offer or an issuance of common stock for cash or an acquisition, that may adversely affect the trading price of the notes or our common stock. On conversion, holders of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 will not be entitled to receive cash in lieu of shares of our common stock, except for cash in lieu of fractional shares.
We may not redeem the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 prior to November 6, 2018. On or after November 6, 2018, and prior to the stated maturity date, we may at our option redeem all or part of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 for a cash price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date. If a fundamental change, as defined in the instruments governing the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, occurs prior to the stated maturity date, the holders may require us to purchase for cash all or any portion of their 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 at 100% of the principal amount of the notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the fundamental change purchase date.
The 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 are fully and unconditionally guaranteed jointly and severally by the Guarantor Subsidiaries. We used the $222.7 million in total net proceeds from the issuance of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 together with the total net proceeds from a concurrent underwritten public offering of our common stock, which is described in Note 17. Stockholders’ Equity, for general corporate purposes, including for investments in land and land development.
The indenture governing the senior notes and the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 does not contain any financial covenants. Subject to specified exceptions, the indenture contains certain restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability to incur secured indebtedness, or engage in sale-leaseback transactions involving property or assets above a certain specified value. In addition, the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and all of the senior notes (with the exception of the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015 and the 7 1/4% Senior Notes due 2018) contain certain limitations related to mergers, consolidations, and sales of assets.
As of November 30, 2013, 2015, we were in compliance with the applicable terms of all our covenants and other requirements under the Credit Facility, the senior notes, the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, the indenture, and the mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans. Our ability to access the Credit Facility for cash borrowings and letters of credit and our ability to secure future debt financing depend, in part, on our ability to remain in such compliance. Our inability to do so could make it more difficult and expensive to maintain our current level of external debt financing or to obtain additional financing. There are no agreements that restrict our payment of dividends other than to maintain compliance with the financial covenant requirements under the Credit Facility, which would restrict our payment of dividends if there is a default under the Credit Facility existingexists at the time of any such payment, or if any such payment would result in such a default.

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Principal payments on senior notes, mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans are due during each year ended November 30 as follows: 2014 — $8.8 million; 2015—$204.7 million; 2016 — $0; 2017$35.7 million; 2017— $265.0 million; 2018 —$300.0 million; 2019 — $262.0 million; 2018 — $299.3 million;$630.0 million; 2020 —$350.0 million; and thereafter $1.38 billion.—$1.05 billion.

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Note 14.Fair Value Disclosures
ASC 820 provides a framework for measuring the fairFair value measurements of assets and liabilities under GAAP, and establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximizeare categorized based on the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The fair value hierarchy can be summarized as follows:following hierarchy:
Level 1
Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2
Fair value determined using significant observable inputs, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data, by correlation or other means.
Level 3
Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs, such as pricing models, discounted cash flows, or similar techniques.
Fair value measurements are used for inventories on a nonrecurring basis when events and circumstances indicate thethat their carrying value is not recoverable. The following table presents the fair value hierarchy and our assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis for the years ended November 30, 2013 and 2012 (in thousands):
 Fair Value  For the Years Ended November 30,
Description Hierarchy November 30,
2013 (a)
 November 30,
2012 (a)
 Fair Value Hierarchy 2015 2014
Long-lived assets held and used Level 3 $1,143
 $39,851
Inventories (a) Level 2 $
 $6,421
Inventories (a) Level 3 11,988
 24,174
(a)Amounts represent the aggregate fair value for communities or land parcels where we recognizedreal estate assets impacted by inventory impairment charges during the period, as of the date that the fair value measurements were made. The carrying value for these communities or land parcelsreal estate assets may have subsequently increased or decreased from the fair value reflected due to activity that has occurred since the measurement date.
In accordance with the provisions of ASC 360, long-lived assets held and usedInventories with a carrying value of $1.5$20.0 million were written down to their fair value of $1.1$12.0 million during the year ended November 30, 2013,2015, resulting in inventory impairment charges of $.4 million. Long-lived assets held and used$8.0 million. Inventories with a carrying value of $68.0$68.2 million were written down to their fair value of $39.9$30.6 million during the year ended November 30, 2012,2014, resulting in inventory impairment charges of $28.1 million.$37.6 million.
The fair values for long-lived assets held and usedinventories that were determined using Level 2 inputs were based on an executed contract. The fair values for inventories that were determined using Level 3 inputs were primarily based on the estimated future net cash flows discounted for inherent risk associated with each underlying asset, as described in Note 7. Inventory Impairments and Land Option Contract Abandonments. The discount rates we usedfair values for inventories determined using Level 3 inputs that involved a planned future land sale were impacted by the following at the time the calculation was made: the risk-free rate of return; expected risk premiumestimated based on estimated land development, home construction and delivery timelines; market risk from potential future price erosion; cost uncertainty due to land development or home construction cost increases; and other risks specific to the asset or conditions in the market in which the asset is located. These factors were specific to each affected community or land parcel and may have varied among communities or land parcels and may have varied over time.
Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, senior notes, the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, and mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans. Fair value measurements of financial instruments are determined by various market data and other valuation techniques as appropriate. When available, we use quoted market prices in active markets to determine fair value.a broker quote.
The following table presents the fair value hierarchy, carrying values and estimated fair values of our financial instruments, except those for which the carrying values approximate fair values (in thousands):

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 November 30, November 30,
 2013 2012 2015 2014
Fair Value Hierarchy 
Carrying
Value
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Fair Value Hierarchy 
Carrying
Value
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Financial Liabilities:                
Senior notesLevel 2 $1,906,883
 $2,069,325
 $1,670,504
 $1,831,596
Level 2 $2,359,872
 $2,429,850
 $2,308,275
 $2,468,852
1.375% Convertible senior notes due February 1, 2019Level 2 230,000
 224,825
 
 
Convertible senior notesLevel 2 230,000
 211,313
 230,000
 229,713

The fair values of our senior notes and the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019convertible senior notes are generally estimated based on quoted market prices for these instruments. The carrying values reported for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, and mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans approximate fair values.
Note 15.Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and contingencies include typical obligations of homebuilders for the completion of contracts and those incurred in the ordinary course of business.

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Warranty. We provide a limited warranty on all of our homes.The specific terms and conditions of our limited warranty program vary depending upon the markets in which we do business. We generally provide a structural warranty of10 years, a warranty on electrical, heating, cooling, plumbing and certain other building systems each varying from two to five years based on geographic market and state law, and a warranty of one year for other components of the home. Our limited warranty program is ordinarily how we respond to and account for homeowners’ requests to local division offices seeking repairs, including claims where we could have liability under applicable state statutes or tort law for a defective condition in or damages to a home.
We estimate the costs that may be incurred under each limited warranty and record a liability in the amount of such costs at the time the revenue associated with the sale of each home is recognized. Our primary assumption in estimating the amounts we accrue for warranty costs is that historical claims experience is a strong indicator of future claims experience. Factors that affect our warranty liability include the number of homes delivered, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of our accrued warranty liability, which is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets, and adjust the amount as necessary based on our assessment. Our assessment includes the review of our actual warranty costs incurred to identify trends and changes in our warranty claims experience, and considers our home construction quality and customer service initiatives and outside events. While we believe the warranty liability currently reflected in our consolidated balance sheets to be adequate, unanticipated changes or developments in the legal environment, local weather, land or environmental conditions, quality of materials or methods used in the construction of homes or customer service practices and the results of our investigation of and the repair efforts related to homes in central and southwest Florida affected by water intrusion-related issueswarranty claims experience could have a significant impact on our actual warranty costs in the future periods and such amounts could differ significantly from our current estimates.
The changes in our warranty liability are as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Balance at beginning of year$47,822
 $67,693
 $93,988
$45,196
 $48,704
 $47,822
Warranties issued (a)14,261
 8,416
 4,852
23,018
 18,479
 14,261
Payments(45,338) (19,701) (25,024)(26,367) (39,458) (45,338)
Adjustments (b)(a)31,959
 (8,586) (6,123)7,238
 17,471
 31,959
Balance at end of year$48,704
 $47,822
 $67,693
$49,085
 $45,196
 $48,704
(a)The year-over-year increaseAs discussed below, adjustments in 2015 and 2014 were primarily comprised of the expense associated with warranties issuedreclassification of estimated minimum probable recoveries to receivables. Adjustments in 2013 and 2012 reflected higher housing revenues in each2014 also included a reclassification of those years. Additionally, in 2013, we increased the warrantyestimated minimum probable recoveries to establish a separate accrual rate per home based on our historical claims experience.
(b)for a water intrusion-related inquiry. Adjustments in 2013 were comprised of charges associated with water intrusion-related issues in central and southwest Florida, while in 2012, favorable warranty adjustments were partly offset by such water intrusion-related charges. In 2011, favorable warranty adjustments were partly offset by the impact of our consolidation of a previously unconsolidated joint venture.Florida.

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Central and Southwest Florida Claims. DuringSince 2012, we have received warranty claims from homeowners in certain of our communities in central and southwest Florida that primarily involvedinvolving framing, stucco, roofing and/or sealant matters on homes we delivered between 2003 and 2009, with many of which have resulted inconcerning water intrusion-related issues. While we initially believed these issues were isolated, after additional investigation we determined in the fourth quarter of 2012 that more homes and communities may have been affected. Throughout 2013, we continued our investigation in an effort to identify the scope of the issues, to fully understand the causes and to address them as quickly and completely as possible, and we encountered an evolving and at times unexpected range of varied and complex conditions and repairs. As a result, during 2013, the number of identified affected homes and our estimate of the total repair costs associated with those homes were revised upward. In addition, prior to the second quarter of 2013 we were unable to estimate the number of similarly affected homes likely to be identified in the future and the repair costs associated with those homes. As our assessment process and our continued efforts to identify, examine and repair affected homes progressed during the second, third and fourth quarters of 2013, we believed we had accumulated adequate experience with these water intrusion-related issues to be able to reasonably estimate as of the end of each respective period the number of similarly affected homes that we believed were likely to be identified in the future and the probable repair costs associated with such similarly affected homes, in addition to revising the number of identified affected homes and our estimate of the repair costs associated with such identified affected homes. Based on the status of our ongoing investigation and repair efforts with respect to homes affected by these water intrusion-related issues, our overall warranty liability at November 30, 2015, 2014 and 2013 included $2.2 million, $9.4 million and $28.9 million, respectively, for estimated remaining repair costs associated with (a) 69, 324 and 710 identified affected homes, in centralrespectively, and southwest Florida that have been identified as having water intrusion-related issues and estimated repair costs associated with(b) similarly affected homes in central and southwest Florida that we believe are likely tobelieved at each respective date may be identified in the future. As ofThe $2.2 million at November 30, 20132015, this amount encompasses what we believe isto be the probable overall cost of the repair effort remaining with respect to affected homes before insurance and other recoveries. However, our actual costs to fully resolve repairs on affected homes could differ from the overall costs we have estimated depending on the identification of additional affected homes in future periods, if any, and the difference couldnature of the work that is undertaken to complete repairs on identified affected homes. In 2015, we resolved repairs on 356 identified affected homes and identified 101 additional affected homes. During 2014, we resolved repairs on 536 identified affected homes and identified 150 additional affected homes, most of which were in one attached home community. During 2013, repairs were resolved on 754 identified affected homes. We consider repairs for identified affected homes to be materialresolved when all repairs are completed and all repair costs are fully paid. In 2015, 2014 and 2013, we paid $8.4 million, $26.6 million and $32.7 million, respectively, to our consolidated financial statements.
As of November 30, 2013,repair identified affected homes. Since first identifying affected homes in 2012, we hadhave identified a total of 1,4641,715 affected homes requiring more than minor repairs and resolved repairs on 7541,646 of them. During 2013, we paid $32.7 million to repair such homes.those homes through November 30, 2015. As of November 30, 2013,2015, we had paid $36.7$71.7 million of the probable total estimated repair costs of $65.6$73.9 million associated with the affected homes that have been identified and similarly affected homes that we believe are likely to be identified inhave estimated for the future. Approximately half of the total estimatedoverall repair costs as of November 30, 2013 related to two attached-home communities. We consider warranty-related repairs for homes to be resolved when all repairs are complete and all repair costs are fully paid. We anticipate resolving repairs on homes affected by the water intrusion-related issues by the end of 2014.effort.
As discussed below, largely due to the scope and nature of the water intrusion-related issues that we encountered, we recorded charges, net of estimated probable recoveries, during 2013 to increase our overall warranty liability for all of our previously delivered homes that are covered under our limited warranty program, including any such homes in central and southwest Florida that have been identified as having water intrusion-related issues and similarly affected homes in central and southwest Florida that we believe are likely to be identified in the future. In addition to reflecting the remaining estimated repair costs associated with homes in central and southwest Florida that have been identified as having water intrusion-related issues, the charges recorded in 2013 included estimated repair costs associated with similarly affected homes in central and southwest Florida that we believe are likely to be identified in the future. Our investigation and repair efforts in central and southwest Florida remain ongoing. While we have been able to make a determination of the probable overall cost of the repair effort, depending on the number of additional affected homes that are identified and the actual costs we incur in future periods to repair identified affected homes, we may revise the estimated amount of our liability with respect to this matter, which could result in an increase or decrease in our overall warranty liability.
As of November 30, 2013, based on our investigation into the central and southwest Florida water intrusion-related issues, weWe believe it is probable that we will recover a portion of our total estimated repair costs associated with affected homes from various sources, including our insurers and independent subcontractors involved with the original construction of the homes and their insurers,insurers. In

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2015 and 2014, we collected $7.0 million and $.9 million, respectively, of such recoveries. Based on a review of our estimated potential recoveries in 2015, we increased our estimate of minimum probable recoveries. As of November 30, 2015, our estimated minimum probable recoveries, net of amounts collected, totaled $20.6 million, of which $2.2 million was included as an offset to our overall warranty liability and the remainder was included in receivables. During 2014, we recorded adjustments to increase our warranty liability mainly to reflect additional affected homes identified at one attached home community and our direct insurers.updated estimate of repair costs on identified affected homes. We also recorded adjustments to increase our estimated minimum probable recoveries during the period based on our updated estimate of repair costs. Together, these items did not have an impact on our consolidated statement of operations for 2014. As of November 30, 2014, our estimated minimum probable recoveries, net of amounts collected, totaled $26.6 million, of which $9.4 million was included as an offset to our overall warranty liability and the remainder was included in receivables. As of November 30, 2013, our estimated minimum probable recoveries, all of which were included as an offset to our overall warranty liability, totaled $19.4 million. The estimated minimum probable recoveries pertaining to affected homes are included in receivables to the extent they exceed the estimated remaining repair costs in our overall warranty liability associated with such homes. During 2015 and 2014, we reclassified $7.2 million and $18.1 million, respectively, of estimated minimum probable recoveries that were in excess of the estimated remaining repair costs to a receivable. Our investigation intoassessment of the water intrusion-related issues in central and southwest Florida, including the process of determining potentially responsible parties and our efforts to obtain recoveries, is ongoing, and as a result, our estimate of minimum probable recoveries may change as additional information is obtained.
Allegedly Defective Drywall Material Claims. During the years ended November 30,In 2013, 2012 and 2011, we paid $.5 million, $2.9 million and $13.7 million, respectively, to repair homes identified as affected or potentially affected by allegedly defective drywall manufactured in China. These homes are located in Florida and were primarily delivered in 2006 and 2007. The drywall used in the constructionbased on our assessment of our homes is purchased and installedoverall warranty liability, we recorded adjustments to increase our warranty liability by subcontractors. Our subcontractors obtained drywall material from multiple domestic and foreign sources through late 2008. In late 2008, we directed our subcontractors to obtain only domestically sourced drywall. Based on the significantly reduced warranty claim rate on the issue (only$32.0 million with a nominal number of additional homes were identified in 2013 and 2012 as containing or potentially containing allegedly defective drywall manufactured in China), previous community-wide reviews we have conducted, and the domestic sourcing of drywall material since late 2008, we believe that we have identified substantially all affected homes and will receive at most only nominal additional claims in future periods.

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As of November 30, 2013, we were a defendant in two lawsuits relating to allegedly defective drywall manufactured in China. One of the lawsuits is an “omnibus” class action purportedly filed on behalf of numerous homeowners asserting claims for damages against drywall manufacturers, homebuilders and other parties in the supply chain of the allegedly defective drywall material. This class action is now in the process of being dismissed pursuant to a final global settlement of claims approved in February 2013 by the federal court judge overseeing a multidistrict litigation case — In re: Chinese Manufactured Drywall Products Liability Litigation (MDL-2047). We were also a defendant in one lawsuit brought in Florida state court by individual homeowners. Except for the Florida state court case, the global settlement resolved all current claims against us, including the remaining omnibus class action (and those that have been previously dismissed) in which we were named as a defendant, and bars any future claims against all participating defendants, including us. Our total obligation as a participating defendant under the global settlement was $.3 million, which we paid on March 25, 2013. We also expect to receive certain amounts under the global settlement in 2014 based on repairs we made to homes of certain settlement class members. The plaintiffs in the Florida state court case opted out of the global settlement, and we settled the case with those plaintiffs in the third quarter of 2013. The case was submitted to the court for dismissal in the first quarter of 2014.
Other Claims. With respect to potential recoveries on claims regarding other homes previously delivered, we have tendered claims with responsible liability insurance carriers, seeking reimbursement of costs we have incurred to make repairs and to handle claims. During 2012, we recognized insurance recoveries of $26.5 million as a reductioncorresponding charge to construction and land costs in our consolidated statementsstatement of operations, representing amounts we received from oneoperations. The adjustments reflected our then-current estimate of remaining repair costs associated with homes in central and southwest Florida that had been identified as having water intrusion-related issues and our insurance carriers for a portionestimate of the claims we have tendered. We intendrepair costs associated with similarly affected homes in central and southwest Florida then-believed likely to continue to undertake efforts, including legal proceedings, to obtain reimbursement from various sources, including subcontractors, suppliers and their insurers, for the costs we have incurred or expect to incur to investigate and complete repairs and to defend ourselves in litigation. Given uncertaintiesbe identified in the potential outcomesfuture, net of these efforts, we have not recorded any amounts for potential futurean increase in estimated minimum probable recoveries as of November 30, 2013.such repair costs and other adjustments.
Overall Warranty Liability Assessment. In assessing our overall warranty liability at a reporting date, we evaluate the costs for warranty-related items on a combined basis for all of our previously delivered homes that are under our limited warranty program, which would include any such homes in central and southwest Florida that have been or may in the future be identified as havingaffected by water intrusion-related issues and similarly affected homes in central and southwest Florida thatissues. Based on this evaluation, we believe are likely to be identified in the future. In 2013, based on our assessment of our overall warranty liability we recorded adjustments to increase our warranty liability by $32.0 million with a corresponding charge to construction and land costs in our consolidated statementsas of operations. The adjustments reflected the remaining estimated repair costs associated with homes in central and southwest Florida that have been identified as having water intrusion-related issues and the estimated repair costs associated with similarly affected homes in central and southwest Florida that we believe are likely to be identified in the future, net of estimated probable recoveries of such repair costs and other adjustments.
These adjustments, which were made in each quarter of 2013 as our assessment process continued and we gained more experience and knowledge of the scope and nature of the water intrusion-related issues and the associated repair efforts and costs, were largely related to one attached-home community in Florida. At this particular community, we determined in each of the third and fourth quarters of 2013 that additional significant and previously unanticipated repair work would need to be undertaken, and that the costs for certain items, including framing material and labor, stucco and windows, would be substantially higher than previously expected. The adjustments we made in 2013 also reflected the identification of 687 additional affected homes at other communities in central and southwest Florida, and our estimate of the total number of affected homes that we believe are likely to be identified in the future.
November 30, 2015 is adequate. Depending on the number of additional affected homes in central and southwest Florida that are identified as havingaffected by water intrusion-related issues, if any, and the actual costs we incur in future periods to repair identifiedsuch affected homes our estimate of costs to repair similarly affected homes in central and southwest Florida that we believe are likely be identified in the future, and/or actual or estimated costs to repair homes affected by other issues, including costs to provide affected homeowners with temporary housing, we may revise the amount of our estimated liability, which could result in an increase or decrease in our overall warranty liability. Based on our investigationassessment of the water intrusion-related issues in central and southwest Florida, and the substantial wind down of these water intrusion-related issues in 2015, we believe that our overall warranty liability as of November 30, 2015 is adequate to cover the estimated probable total repair costs on thesewith respect to affected homes, similarly affected homeshomes.

Florida Attorney General’s Office Inquiry. In 2013, we were notified by the Florida Attorney General’s Office that we believe are likely to be identifiedit was making a preliminary inquiry into the status of our communities in the future and homesFlorida affected by other issues, though we believe it is reasonably possible that our loss associated with water intrusion-related issues could exceedissues.  We established an accrual for the estimated minimum probable loss with respect to this inquiry during 2014 and increased the accrual during 2015. We anticipate that this inquiry will be resolved through an agreement with the Florida Attorney General’s Office, requiring approval by a Florida circuit court in order to become effective. We believe that the amount accrued for this matter is adequate as of November 30, 2013 by up to $6 million.
In 2012 and 2011, notwithstanding our actual or estimated remaining repair costs related to the allegedly defective drywall material and water intrusion-related issues, we had experienced favorable trends in our actual warranty costs incurred for the previous several years with respect to claims relating to other warranty-related items, reflecting, among other things, our ongoing focus on construction quality and customer service. Based on our assessments of these and other relevant factors on a combined basis, we determined that our overall warranty liability at the end of each year was sufficient to cover our overall warranty obligations on previously delivered homes that are under our limited warranty program. Additionally, based on our assessment of the trends in our warranty claims experience, and taking into account the decrease in the overall number of homes we had delivered over the

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past several years before 2012 and the steady reduction in our estimated remaining repair costs and actual repair costs incurred for homes identified as affected or potentially affected by the allegedly defective drywall, we recorded favorable warranty adjustments of $11.2 million in 2012 and $7.4 million in 2011 as reductions to construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations in those periods. However, as of November 30, 2012, based on our assessment of our overall warranty liability on a combined basis for all of our previously delivered homes that were under our limited warranty, including the homes identified as affected or potentially affected by the allegedly defective drywall and the increased number of homes potentially affected by water intrusion-related issues, we recorded an adjustment to increase our overall warranty liability by $2.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2012 with a corresponding charge to construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations.2015.
Guarantees. In the normal course of our business, we issue certain representations, warranties and guarantees related to our home sales and land sales that may be affected by Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 460, “Guarantees.”sales. Based on historical evidence, we do not believe any potential liability with respect to these representations, warranties or guarantees would be material to our consolidated financial statements.
Self-Insurance. WeWe maintain, and require the majority of our independent subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance (including construction defect and bodily injury coverage) and workers’ compensation insurance. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of our risk of loss from claims related to our homebuilding activities, subject to certain self-insured retentions, deductibles and other coverage limits.We self-insure a portion of our overall risk through the use of a captive insurance subsidiary. We also maintain certain other insurance policies. In Arizona, California, Colorado and Nevada, our subcontractors’ general liability insurance primarily takes the form of a wrap-up policy, where eligible independent subcontractors are enrolled as insureds on each project. Enrolled subcontractors contribute toward the cost of the insurance and agree to pay a contractual amount in the future in the event ofif there is a claim related to their work. For those enrolled subcontractors,To the extent provided under the wrap-up program, we absorb theirthe enrolled subcontractors’ general liability associated with the work performed on our homes within the applicable projects as part of our overall general liability insurance and our self-insurance through our captive insurance subsidiary. We record expenses and liabilities based on the estimated costs required to cover our self-insured retention and deductible amounts under our insurance policies, and the estimated costs of potential claims and claim adjustment expenses that are above our coverage limits or that are

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not covered by our insurance policies. These estimated costs are based on an analysis of our historical claims and industry data, and include an estimate of construction defect claims incurred but not yet reported.
We engage a third-party actuary that uses our historical claim and expense data, as well as industry data, to estimate our liabilities related to unpaid claims, claim adjustment expenses, third-party recoveries and incurred but not yet reported claims forassociated with the risks that we are assuming underwith respect to our self-insurance.self-insurance and insurance policy deductibles. Key assumptions used in these estimates include claim frequencies, severities and resolution patterns, which can occur over an extended period of time. These estimates are subject to uncertaintyvariability due to a variety of factors, the most significant being the long periodlength of time between the delivery of a home to a homebuyer and when a structural warranty or construction defect claim is made, and the ultimate resolution of such claim; uncertainties regarding such claims relative to our markets and the construction defect claim.types of product we build; insurance industry practices; and legal or regulatory actions and/or interpretations, among other factors. Due to the degree of judgment involved and the potential for variability in these underlying assumptions, our actual future costs could differ from those estimated. In addition, changes in the frequency and severity of reported claims and the estimates to resolve claims can impact the trends and assumptions used in the actuarial analysis, which could be material to our consolidated financial statements. Though state regulations vary, structural warranty or construction defect claims arecan be reported and resolved over a prolongedlong period of time, which can extend for 10 years or longer.more. As a result, the majority of the estimated liability relates to incurred but not yet reported claims. Because the majority of our estimated liabilities relate to incurred but not yet reported claims and thus, adjustments related to individual existing claims generally do not significantly impact the overall estimated liability. Adjustments to our liabilities related to homes delivered in prior years are recorded in the period in which a change in our estimate occurs.
The changes in our self-insurance liability arewere as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Balance at beginning of year$93,349
 $94,823
 $95,665
$86,574
 $92,214
 $93,349
Self-insurance expense (a)8,239
 7,894
 7,220
18,590
 13,491
 8,239
Payments, net of recoveries (b)(9,374) (10,168) (8,062)(22,989) (19,131) (9,374)
Adjustments
 800
 
Balance at end of year$92,214
 $93,349
 $94,823
$82,175
 $86,574
 $92,214
(a)These expenses are included in selling, general and administrative expenses and are largely offset by contributions from independent subcontractors participating in the wrap-up policy.
(b)Recoveries are reflected atin the timeperiod we receive funds from independent subcontractors and/or their insurers.
The projection of losses related to these liabilities requires actuarial assumptions that are subject to variability due to uncertainties regarding construction defect claims relative to our markets and the types of product we build, insurance industry practices and legal or regulatory interpretations, among other factors. Key assumptions used in these estimates include claim

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frequencies, severities and settlement patterns, which can occur over an extended period of time. In addition, changes in the frequency and severity of reported claims and the estimates to settle claims can impact the trends and assumptions used in the actuarial analysis, which could be material to our consolidated financial statements. Due to the degree of judgment required and the potential for variability in these underlying assumptions, our actual future costs could differ from those estimated.
Performance Bonds and Letters of Credit. We are often required to provide to various municipalities and other government agencies performance bonds and/or letters of credit to secure the completion of our projects and/or in support of obligations to build community improvements such as roads, sewers, water systems and other utilities, and to support similar development activities by certain of our unconsolidated joint ventures. At November 30, 20132015, we had $410.8$565.4 million of performance bonds and $41.5$33.4 million of letters of credit outstanding. At November 30, 20122014, we had $286.1$541.6 million of performance bonds and $41.9$26.7 million of letters of credit outstanding. If any such performance bonds or letters of credit are called, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the performance bond or letter of credit. We do not believe that a material amount of any currently outstanding performance bonds or letters of credit will be called. Performance bonds do not have stated expiration dates. Rather, we are released from the performance bonds as the underlying performance is completed. The expiration dates of some letters of credit issued in connection with community improvements coincide with the expected completion dates of the related projects or obligations. Most letters of credit, however, are issued with an initial term of one year and are typically extended on a year-to-year basis until the related performance obligations are completed.
Land Option Contracts and Other Similar Contracts. In the ordinary course of business, we enter into land option contracts and other similar contracts to acquire rights to land for the construction of homes. At November 30, 20132015, we had total cash deposits of $41.7$54.5 million comprised of $41.6 million of cash deposits and $.1 million of letters of credit, to purchase land having an aggregate purchase price of $1.15$1.19 billion. Our land option contracts and other similar contracts generally do not contain provisions requiring our specific performance.

Leases. We lease certain property and equipment under noncancelable operating leases. Office and equipment leases are typically for terms of three to five years and generally provide renewal options for terms up to an additional five years. In most cases, we expect that leases that expire will be renewed or replaced by other leases with similar terms. The future minimum rental payments under operating leases, which primarily consist of office leases having initial or remaining noncancelable lease terms in excess of one year, are as follows (in thousands):

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Years Ending November 30,    
2014 $7,158
2015 5,276
2016 3,224
 $7,552
2017 1,649
 5,805
2018 1,098
 4,924
2019 4,316
2020 3,417
Thereafter 387
 9,442
Total minimum lease payments $18,792
 $35,456
Rental expense on our operating leases was $8.5 million in 2015, $7.7 million in 2014 and $6.5 million in 2013, $5.5 million in 2012 and $6.7 million in 2011.
Note 16.Legal Matters
Nevada Development Contract Litigation. KB HOME Nevada Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of ours (“KB Nevada”), is a defendant in a case in the Eighth Judicial District Court in Clark County, Nevada entitled Las Vegas Development Associates, LLC, Essex Real Estate Partners, LLC, et al. v. KB HOME Nevada Inc. In 2007, LVDALas Vegas Development Associates, LLC (“LVDA”) agreed to purchase from KB Nevada approximately 83 acres of land located near Las Vegas, Nevada. LVDA subsequently assigned its rights to Essex.  Essex Real Estate Partners, LLC (“Essex”). KB Nevada and Essex entered into a development agreement relating to certain major infrastructure improvements. LVDA’s and Essex’s complaint, initially filed in 2008, alleged that KB Nevada breached the development agreement, and also alleged that KB Nevada fraudulently induced them to enter into the purchase and development agreements. LVDA’s and Essex’s lenders subsequently filed related actions that were consolidated into the LVDA/Essex matter. The consolidated plaintiffs sought rescission of the agreements or, in the alternative, compensatory damages of$55 $55 million plus the unspecified punitive damages and other damages, and interest charges in excess of $41 million (“Claimed Damages.  Damages”). KB Nevada has denied the allegations, and believes it has meritorious defenses to the consolidated plaintiffs’ claims. At a November 19, 2012 hearing,On March 15, 2013, the court denied all ofentered orders denying the consolidated plaintiffs’ motions for summary judgment on their claims. In addition,and granting the court granted severalmajority of KB Nevada'sNevada’s motions for summary judgment, eliminating, among other of the consolidated plaintiffs’ claims, all claimsthose for fraud, negligent misrepresentation, and punitive damages. With the court’s decisions, the only remaining claims against KB Nevada are for contract damages and rescission. In August 2013, the court granted motions that further narrowed the scope of the Claimed Damages. While the ultimate outcome is uncertain — we believe it is

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reasonably possible that the loss in this matter could exceed the amount accrued by a range fromof zero to approximately $55$55 millionplus pre-judgmentprejudgment interest, which could be material to our consolidated financial statements — KB Nevada believes it will be successful in defending against the consolidated plaintiffs’ remaining claims and that the consolidated plaintiffs will not be awarded rescission or damages. The non-jury trial was originally set for September 2012 was recently continued again until May 20, 2014.
Southern California Project Development Case. and extended multiple times by the court.  On December 27, 2011,October 28, 2015, the jury in a case entitled Estancia Coastal, LLC v. KB HOME Coastal Inc. et al. returned a verdict against KB HOME Coastal Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of ours, and us for $9.8 million, excluding legal fees and interest. The case related to a land option contract and a construction agreement between KB HOME Coastal Inc. and the plaintiff. Based on pre-trial analysis, the verdict was not expected, and we and KB HOME Coastal Inc. jointly filed a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and a motion forcourt scheduled a new trial date of January 12, 2016, which were heard onthe court subsequently set aside and the establishment of a new date is pending.
Wage and Hour Litigation. In May 18, 2012. On May 23, 2012, the trial court denied the motions2011, a group of current and on June 4, 2012 enteredformer sales representatives filed a judgment in favor of the plaintiffcollective action lawsuit in the amountUnited States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Galveston Division entitled $9.2 million plus pre-judgment interest of approximately $.9 millionEdwards, K. v. KB Home.  The judgment entered reflectslawsuit alleged that we misclassified sales representatives and failed to pay minimum and overtime wages in violation of the Fair Labor Standards Act (29 U.S.C. §§ 206-07).  In September 2012, the Edwards court conditionally certified a nationwide class, and in May 2015, scheduled an earlier payment by us to the plaintiff ofinitial trial involving a portion of the jury’s awardplaintiffs for December 2015.  In September 2013, some of the plaintiffs in the Edwards case filed a lawsuit in Los Angeles Superior Court entitled Andrea L. Bejenaru, et. al. v. KB Home, et. al.  The lawsuit alleged violations of California laws relating to overtime, meal period and doesrest break pay, itemized wage statements, waiting time penalties and unfair business practices for a class of sales representatives.  Although the case involved a putative class of individuals who were our sales representatives from September 2009 forward, the Bejenaru case was not include legalcertified as a class action.  In the second quarter of 2015, plaintiff representatives in the Edwards and the Bejenaru cases claimed $66 million in compensatory damages, penalties and interest, as well as injunctive relief, attorneys’ fees and costs and post-judgment interest.for both matters.  On November 18, 2015, we reached a tentative mediated settlement with the plaintiff representatives in both cases that remains subject to judicial approval.  We had established an accrual for this matter based on our pre-judgment estimate of the probable loss. However, as a result of the trial court’s decisionthese matters in 2015, and probable legal fees and costs award, we recorded a charge of $8.8 million in 2012 to increaseincreased the accrual for this matterby an immaterial amount in the fourth quarter to $11.7 million. On September 14, 2012, following a hearing,reflect the trial court awarded legal fees and costs to the plaintifftentative settlement. 
San Diego Water Board Notice of approximately $1.4 millionViolation. In 2013, we recorded chargesAugust 2015, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Diego Region (“RWQCB”) issued to us and another homebuilder a Notice of $1.2 million to reflect additional post-judgment interest and made a partial payment of $3.0 million, which reduced our accrual for this matter. On December 16, 2013, an appeals court reversed, in part, the decisionViolation (“NOV”) alleging violations of the trial court. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 855, “Subsequent Events,” we reflected this decision in our 2013 financial statements by reversing $8.2 millionCalifornia Water Code and waste discharge prohibitions of the previously established accrual, bringing our accrual balancewater quality control plan for the San Diego Region (Basin Plan). According to the NOV, the alleged violations involved the unpermitted discharge of fill material into the waters of the United States/California during the grading of a required secondary access road for a community located in San Diego County, California, which was performed pursuant to a County-issued grading permit. In its NOV, the RWQCB requested to meet with us to discuss the alleged

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violations as part of its process to determine whether to bring any enforcement action. We have met with the RWQCB and are currently in discussions to resolve the matters alleged in the NOV. While the ultimate outcome is uncertain, we believe that any penalties and related corrective measures the RWQCB may impose under the NOV could exceed $100,000 (the threshold for the required disclosure of this mattertype of environmental proceeding) but they are not expected to $1.7 million as of November 30, 2013. The charges recorded in 2013 and 2012 and the reversal recorded in 2013 were included in selling, general and administrative expenses inbe material to our consolidated statements of operations. Our accrual at November 30, 2013 reflects our view of the probable outcome based on the current state of the judgment in the matter.financial statements.
Other Matters. In addition to the specific proceedings described above, we are involved in other litigation and regulatory proceedings incidental to our business that are in various procedural stages. We believe that the accruals we have recorded for probable and reasonably estimable losses with respect to these proceedings are adequate and that, as of November 30, 2013, 2015, it was not reasonably possible that an additional material loss had been incurred in an amount in excess of the estimated amounts already recognized onin our consolidated financial statements. We evaluate our accruals for litigation and regulatory proceedings at least quarterly and, as appropriate, adjust them to reflect (a) the facts and circumstances known to us at the time, including information regarding negotiations, settlements, rulings and other relevant events and developments; (b) the advice and analyses of counsel; and (c) the assumptions and judgment of management. Similar factors and considerations are used in establishing new accruals for proceedings as to which losses have become probable and reasonably estimable at the time an evaluation is made. Based on our experience, we believe that the amounts that may be claimed or alleged against us in these proceedings are not a meaningful indicator of our potential liability. The outcome of any of these proceedings, including the defense and other litigation-related costs and expenses we may incur, however, is inherently uncertain and could differ significantly from the estimate reflected in a related accrual, if made. Therefore, it is possible that the ultimate outcome of any proceeding, if in excess of a related accrual or if noan accrual had not been made, could be material to our consolidated financial statements.
Note 17.Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred Stock. To help protect the benefits of our NOL,NOLs, built-in losses and tax credits from the impact of an ownership change under Section 382, on January 22, 2009, we adopted a Rights Agreement between us and Computershare Shareowner Services LLC (successor to Mellon Investor Services LLC), as rights agent, dated as of that date (the “2009 Rights Agreement”), and we declared a dividend distribution of one preferred share purchase right for each outstanding share of common stock that was payable to stockholders of record as of the close of business on March 5, 2009. Subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of the 2009 Rights Agreement, if these rights become exercisable, each right would initially represent the right to purchase from us 1/100th of a share of our Series A Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock for a purchase price of $85.00 (the “Purchase(“Purchase Price”). If issued, each fractional share of preferred stock would generally give a stockholder approximately the same dividend, voting and liquidation rights as does one share of our common stock. However, prior to exercise, a right does not give its holder any rights as a stockholder, including without limitation any dividend, voting or liquidation rights. The rights will not be exercisable until the earlier of (a) 10 calendar days after a public announcement by us that a person or group has become an Acquiring Person (as defined under the 2009 Rights Agreement) and (b) 10 business days after the commencement of a tender or exchange offer by a person or group if upon consummation of the offer the person or group would beneficially own 4.9% or more of our outstanding common stock.
Until these rights become exercisable (the “Distribution Date”), common stock certificates will evidence the rights and may contain a notation to that effect. Any transfer of shares of our common stock prior to the Distribution Date will constitute a transfer

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of the associated rights. After the Distribution Date, the rights may be transferred other than in connection with the transfer of the underlying shares of our common stock. If there is an Acquiring Person on the Distribution Date or a person or group becomes an Acquiring Person after the Distribution Date, each holder of a right, other than rights that are or were beneficially owned by an Acquiring Person, which will be void, will thereafter have the right to receive upon exercise of a right and payment of the Purchase Price, that number of shares of our common stock having a market value of two times the Purchase Price. After the later of the Distribution Date and the time we publicly announce that an Acquiring Person has become such, our board of directors may exchange the rights, other than rights that are or were beneficially owned by an Acquiring Person, which will be void, in whole or in part, at an exchange ratio of one share of common stock per right, subject to adjustment.
At any time prior to the later of the Distribution Date and the time we publicly announce that an Acquiring Person becomes such, our board of directors may redeem all of the then-outstanding rights in whole, but not in part, at a price of $.001 per right, subject to adjustment (the “Redemption(“Redemption Price”). The redemption will be effective immediately upon the board of directors’ action, unless the action provides that such redemption will be effective at a subsequent time or upon the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one or more specified events, in which case the redemption will be effective in accordance with the provisions of the action. Immediately upon the effectiveness of the redemption of the rights, the right to exercise the rights will terminate and the only right of the holders of rights will be to receive the Redemption Price, with interest thereon. The rights issued pursuant to the 2009 Rights Agreement will expire on the earliest of (a) the close of business on March 5, 2019, (b) the time at which the rights are redeemed, (c) the time at which the rights are exchanged, (d) the time at which our board of directors determines that a related provision in our Restated Certificate of Incorporation is no longer necessary, and (e) the close of business on the first day of a

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taxable year of ours to which our board of directors determines that no tax benefits may be carried forward. At our annual meeting of stockholders on April 2, 2009, our stockholders approved the 2009 Rights Agreement.
Common Stock. On January 29,In 2014, we issued 7,986,111 shares of our common stock, par value $1.00 per share, in underwritten public offerings at a price of $18.00 per share. We used shares of treasury stock for the issuance and received net proceeds of $137.0 million after underwriting discounts, commissions and transaction expenses. In 2013, pursuant to the 2011 Shelf Registration, we issued 6,325,000 shares of our common stock, par value $1.00 per share, in an underwritten public offering at a price of $18.25 per share. We used 6,325,000 shares of treasury stock for the issuance and received net proceeds of $109.5 million after underwriting discounts, commissions and transaction expenses.
In connection with the issuance of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, which is discussed in Note 13. Mortgages and Notes Payable, we establishedWe maintain a common stock reserve account with our transfer agent to reserve the maximum number of shares of our common stock potentially deliverable upon conversion to holders of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 based on the terms of the instrumentstheir governing these notes.instruments. Accordingly, the common stock reserve account had a balance of 12,602,735 shares at November 30, 2013.2015 and 2014. The maximum number of shares would potentially be deliverable to holders only in certain limited circumstances as set forth in the instruments governing these notes.
Each share of our common stock issued in the 2013 and 2014 offerings includes a preferred share purchase right associated with and subject to the terms of the Rights Agreement. Any shares of our common stock delivered upon conversion to holders of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019.2019 will also include such preferred share purchase rights.
Effective July 18, 2013,In 2014, our board of directors amended the Director Plan to provide directors with a one-time opportunity to irrevocably elect to receive an equivalent value of shares of our common stock in lieu of the cash payments that are otherwise due upon the respective settlement of their outstanding and any future Director Plan SARs under the terms of the plan. Concurrent with the amendment of the Director Plan, for the purpose of effecting any such Director Plan SAR settlements, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of no more than 680,000 shares of our common stock, and also authorized potential future grants of up to 680,000 stock payment awards under the KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (“2014 Plan”), in each case solely as necessary for director elections in respect of outstanding Director Plan SARs. The 2014 Plan is discussed in Note 19. Employee Benefit and Stock Plans. During 2014, following the amendment of the Director Plan, directors made irrevocable elections to receive an aggregate of 679,815 shares of our common stock upon the respective settlement of their outstanding Director Plan SARs. As of November 30, 2015, we had not settled any Director Plan SARs. In addition, we had not repurchased any shares and no stock payment awards had been granted under the 2014 Plan pursuant to the respective board of directors authorizations.
In 2013, directors were provided a one-time opportunity to elect and they made irrevocable elections to receive an equivalent value of shares of our common stock in lieu of the cash payments that are otherwise due upon the settlement of their outstanding stock units under the terms of the Director Plan. At that date, there were a total of 481,554 outstanding stock units. Concurrent with the amendment of the Director Plan, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of no more than 482,000 shares of our common stock solely as necessary for director elections in respect of outstanding stock units. During the 2013, third quarter, following the amendment of the Director Plan, directors made irrevocable elections to receive an aggregate of 478,294 shares of our common stock upon the respective settlement of their outstanding stock units, and we repurchased through open market transactions such shares pursuant to the authorization at an aggregate price of $7.9 million.$7.9 million. We do not anticipate any additional repurchases of our common stock pursuant to this board of directors authorization.
The repurchased shares were apportioned to directors per their respective elections, and the shares are subject to transfer restrictions to the directors until the respective settlement of their applicable outstanding stock units, which, in most cases, will occur upon their leaving the board of directors. Theabove-described director elections made in 2014 and 2013 changed only the method of settlement of the outstanding Director Plan SARs and stock units, respectively, and did not change any of the other terms of these awards or impact the value to the directors. As a result of the directors’ elections, the relevant outstanding Director Plan SARs and stock units becamewere effectively converted to stock-settled awards, which are accounted for as equity awards, instead of cash-settled liability awards, thereby reducing the degree of variability in the expense associated with such stock units in future quarters.
As of November 30, 2013,2015, we were authorized to repurchase 4,000,000 shares of our common stock under a stand-alone board-approved share repurchase program. We did not repurchase any of our common stock under this program in 2013, 20122015, 2014 or 2011. Any resumption of such stock repurchases under this program or any other program will be at the discretion of our board of directors.2013.
Our board of directors declared four quarterly cash dividends of $.0250 per share of common stock in 2015, 2014 and 2013. During 2012, our board of directors declared a cash dividend of $.0625 per share of common stock in the first quarter and quarterly dividends of $.0250 per share of common stock in each of the second, third and fourth quarters. During 2011, our board of directors declared four quarterly cash dividends of$.0625per share of common stock. All dividends declared during 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 20112013 were also paid during those years.

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Treasury Stock. We acquired $8.5$.6 million, $.5 million and $1.8$8.5 million of our common stock in 2015, 2014 and 2013, and 2012, respectively. TheAll of the common stock acquired in 2013 was primarily related to director elections in respect of outstanding stock units under the Director Plan, as described above. In addition,2015 and 2014 and a portion of the common stock acquired in 2013 and all of the common stock acquired in 2012 consisted of previously issued shares delivered to us by employees to satisfy their withholding tax obligations on the vesting of restricted stock awards or of forfeitures of previous restricted stock awards. We did not acquire any shares of ourThe common stock acquired in 2011.2013 was primarily related to director elections in respect of outstanding stock units under the Director Plan, as described above. Treasury stock is recorded at cost. Differences between the cost of treasury stock and the reissuance proceeds are recorded to paid-in capital. These transactions are not considered repurchases under the 4,000,000 share repurchase program.program described above.

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Note 18.Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following table presents the changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss (in thousands):
Postretirement Benefit Plan Adjustments  Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance at November 30, 2011  $(26,152)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications  (4,765)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss  2,959
Net current-period other comprehensive loss  (1,806)
Balance at November 30, 2012  (27,958)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications  7,083
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss  3,359
Net current-period other comprehensive income  10,442
Balance at November 30, 2013  $(17,516)
The amounts presented in the table above do not include an income tax benefit or expense as any such impacts were fully offset by deferred tax asset valuation allowances recorded in 2013 and 2012.
Postretirement Benefit Plan Adjustments  Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance at November 30, 2013  $(17,516)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications  (3,801)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss  1,913
Income tax expense related to items of other comprehensive income  (1,604)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax  (3,492)
Balance at November 30, 2014  (21,008)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications  3,745
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss  2,404
Income tax expense related to items of other comprehensive income  (2,460)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax  3,689
Balance at November 30, 2015  $(17,319)
The amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss consisted of the following (in thousands):
 Years Ended November 30, Years Ended November 30,
Details About Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components 2013 2012 2011 2015 2014 2013
Postretirement benefit plan adjustments            
Amortization of net actuarial loss $1,803
 $1,403
 $595
 $848
 $357
 $1,803
Amortization of prior service cost 1,556
 1,556
 1,556
 1,556
 1,556
 1,556
Total reclassifications (a) $3,359
 $2,959
 $2,151
 $2,404
 $1,913
 $3,359
(a)The accumulated other comprehensive loss components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit costs as further discussed in Note 20. Postretirement Benefits.
The estimated net actuarial loss and prior service cost expected to be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost during 20142016 are $.4$.1 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

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Note 19.Employee Benefit and Stock Plans
Most of our employees are eligible to participate in the KB Home 401(k) Savings Plan (the “401(k)(“401(k) Plan”) under which contributions by employees arewe partially matched by us.match employee contributions. The aggregate cost of the 401(k) Plan to us was $3.5$4.6 million in 20132015, $2.6$3.8 million in 20122014 and $2.8$3.3 million in 20112013. The assets of the 401(k) Plan are held by a third-party trustee. The 401(k) Plan participants may direct the investment of their funds among one or more of the several fund options offered by the 401(k) Plan. Effective May 9, 2013, our common stock has been one of the investment choices available to participants. Prior to May 9, 2013, a fund composed of units that reflected the market value of our common stock was one of the investment choices available to participants. As of November 30, 20132015, 20122014 and 20112013, approximately 7%5%, 7%6% and 4%7%, respectively, of the 401(k) Plan’s net

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assets were invested in our common stock or in the former unitized fund that reflected the market value of our common stock, as applicable.stock.
KB Home 2014 Plan. At our Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on April 1, 2010,3, 2014, our stockholders approved the KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive2014 Plan, (the “2010 Plan”), authorizing, among other things, the issuance of up to 3,500,000 shares of our common stock for grants of stock-based awards to our employees, non-employee directors and consultants. This poolconsultants of up to 4,800,000 shares includes all of theour common stock, plus any shares that were available for grant as of April 1, 20103, 2014 under our 2001 Stock2010 Equity Incentive Plan (“2010 Plan”), and any shares subject to then-outstanding awards under which nothe 2010 Plan that subsequently expire or are canceled, forfeited, tendered or withheld to satisfy tax withholding obligations with respect to full value awards, or settled for cash, subject to the terms of the 2014 Plan. No new awards may be made.made under the 2010 Plan. As a result, sinceas of April 1, 2010,3, 2014, the 20102014 Plan has beenbecame our only active equity compensation plan. Under the 20102014 Plan, grants of stock options and other similar awards reduce the 20102014 Plan’s share capacity on a 1-for-11-for-1 basis, and grants of restricted stock and other similar “full value” awards reduce the 20102014 Plan’s share capacity on a 1.78-for-11.78-for-1 basis. In addition, subject to the 20102014 Plan’s terms and conditions, a stock-based award may also be granted under the 20102014 Plan to replace an outstanding award granted under another plan of our plansours (subject to the terms of such other plan) with terms substantially identical to those of the award being replaced.
At our Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on April 7, 2011, our stockholders approved an amendment to the 2010 Plan to increase the number of shares of our common stock that may be issued under the 2010 Plan by an additional 4,000,000 shares.
The 20102014 Plan provides that stock options performance stock, restricted stock and stock unitsSARs may be awarded for periods of up to 10 years. The 20102014 Plan also enables us to grant cash bonuses SARs and other stock-based awards. As of November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014, and 2011,2013, in addition to awards outstanding under the 20102014 Plan, we had awards outstanding under the 2010 Plan and our Amended and Restated 1999 Incentive Plan, (the “1999 Plan”),both of which provided for generally the same types of awards as the 20102014 Plan. We also had awards outstanding under our Performance-Based Incentive Plan for Senior Management, which provided for generally the same types of awards as the 20102014 Plan, but stock option awards granted under this plan had terms of up to 15 years. In addition, as
Stock-Based Compensation. With the approval of November 2012the management development and 2011,compensation committee, consisting entirely of independent members of our board of directors, we hadhave provided compensation benefits to certain of our employees in the form of stock options, restricted stock, PSUs and SARs. Certain stock-based compensation benefits are also provided to our non-employee directors pursuant to the Director Plan. Compensation expense related to equity-based awards outstanding underis included in selling, general and administrative expenses in our 1988 Employee Stock Plan, which provided for generally the same typesconsolidated statements of awards as the 2010 Plan, but stock option awards granted under this plan had terms of up to 15 years.operations.
The following table presents our stock-based compensation expense (in thousands):
 Years Ended November 30,
 2015 2014 2013
Stock options (a)$7,576
 $3,024
 $2,285
Restricted stock2,499
 1,750
 1,365
PSUs5,404
 3,699
 2,049
Director awards1,664
 (91) 4,023
Total$17,143
 $8,382
 $9,722
(a)Compensation expense associated with stock options accelerated in 2015 as a result of retirement provisions being met for certain stock option recipients.
Stock Options. Stock option transactions are summarized as follows:

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Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Options 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 Options 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 Options 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Options 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 Options 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 Options 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Options outstanding at beginning of year10,105,546
 $21.27
 10,160,396
 $21.27
 8,798,613
 $24.19
11,735,042
 $20.45
 10,531,938
 $21.11
 10,105,546
 $21.27
Granted550,000
 16.63
 30,000
 9.08
 1,716,000
 6.36
1,262,000
 14.92
 1,273,647
 14.62
 550,000
 16.63
Exercised(118,208) 13.46
 (7,494) 13.93
 
 
(76,164) 9.69
 (36,665) 7.92
 (118,208) 13.46
Cancelled(5,400) 24.24
 (77,356) 17.96
 (354,217) 21.47
(285,234) 45.80
 (33,878) 20.25
 (5,400) 24.24
Options outstanding at end of year10,531,938
 $21.11
 10,105,546
 $21.27
 10,160,396
 $21.27
12,635,644
 $19.39
 11,735,042
 $20.45
 10,531,938
 $21.11
Options exercisable at end of year9,414,935
 $22.26
 8,533,224
 $23.76
 7,142,568
 $26.43
10,389,722
 $20.35
 10,103,739
 $21.32
 9,414,935
 $22.26
Options available for grant at end of year746,043
   1,721,847
   2,477,219
  1,544,195
   3,514,077
   746,043
  
The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $1.2$.4 million for the year ended November 30, 20132015 and less than $.1, $.3 million for the year ended November 30, 2012. There were no stock options exercised during2014 and $1.2 million for the year ended November 30, 2011.2013. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding was $32.3$16.4 million,, $18.2 $35.8 million and $1.7$32.3 million at November 30, 20132015, 20122014 and 20112013, respectively. The intrinsic value of stock options exercisable was $25.5$16.4 million at November 30, 20132015 and $7.8, $31.7 million at November 30, 20122014. Stock options exercisable had no intrinsic value, and $25.5 million at November 30, 20112013. The intrinsic value of a stock option is the amount by which the market value of the underlying stock exceeds the price of the option.
On October 6, 2011, our president and chief executive officer was granted an award of performance-based stock options to purchase an aggregate of 365,000 shares of our common stock at the purchase price of $6.32 per share. The performance-based stock options shall vest and become exercisable if there is a determination by the management development and compensation committee of our board of directors that the applicable performance goal, as set forth in the applicable performance option agreement, has been satisfied and our president and chief executive officer does not experience a termination of service prior to the applicable dates described in that agreement. In January 2013, the management development and compensation committee determined that the performance component was satisfied; therefore, the full amount of options will vest and become exercisable

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once the required service component is completed. In accordance with ASC 718, we used the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the grant date fair value per performance-based stock option of $2.54.
On October 7, 2010, our president and chief executive officer was granted an award of performance-based stock options to purchase an aggregate of 260,000 shares of our common stock at the purchase price of $11.06 per share. The performance-based stock options shall vest and become exercisable if there is a determination by the management development and compensation committee of our board of directors that the applicable performance goal, as set forth in the applicable performance option agreement, has been satisfied and our president and chief executive officer does not experience a termination of service prior to the applicable dates described in that agreement. In accordance with ASC 718, we used the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the grant date fair value per performance-based stock option of $4.59.
Stock options outstanding and stock options exercisable at November 30, 20132015 are summarized as follows:
  Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
Range of Exercise Price Options 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
 Options 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
 
$  6.32 to $10.54
 1,693,165
 $6.43
 7.8
 1,126,162
 $6.42
  
$10.55 to $14.96 1,968,424
 12.09
 5.6
 1,968,424
 12.09
  
$14.97 to $20.08 2,717,523
 17.47
 6.2
 2,167,523
 17.68
  
$20.09 to $33.92 2,019,721
 27.36
 4.1
 2,019,721
 27.36
  
$33.93 to $69.63 2,133,105
 39.81
 4.4
 2,133,105
 39.81
  
$  6.32 to $69.63 10,531,938
 $21.11
 5.6
 9,414,935
 $22.26
 5.2
  Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
Range of Exercise Price Options 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
 Options 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
 
$  6.32 to $11.06
 2,771,667
 $8.33
 5.4
 2,771,667
 $8.33
  
$11.07 to $14.95 3,166,036
 14.49
 7.7
 1,088,448
 13.89
  
$14.96 to $19.90 2,652,671
 17.31
 4.2
 2,484,337
 17.35
  
$19.91 to $33.92 2,092,746
 26.99
 2.1
 2,092,746
 26.99
  
$33.93 to $69.63 1,952,524
 37.73
 2.6
 1,952,524
 37.73
  
$  6.32 to $69.63 12,635,644
 $19.39
 4.7
 10,389,722
 $20.35
 3.8
The weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted in 20132015, 20122014 and 20112013 was $6.96, $4.18$5.49, $5.07 and $2.56,$6.96, respectively. The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Risk-free interest rate1.3% .7% .9%1.4% 1.6% 1.3%
Expected volatility factor52.3% 65.6% 65.6%43.6% 41.0% 52.3%
Expected dividend yield.6% 1.9% 3.9%.7% .7% .6%
Expected term5 years
 5 years
 5 years
5 years
 5 years
 5 years
The risk-free interest rate assumption is determined based on observed interest rates appropriate for the expected term of our stock options. The expected volatility factor is based on a combination of the historical volatility of our common stock and the implied volatility of publicly traded options on our stock. The expected dividend yield assumption is based on our history of dividend payouts. The expected term of employee stock options is estimated using historical data.

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Our stock-based compensation expense related to stock option grants was $2.3 million in 2013, $5.0 million in 2012 and $5.9 million in 2011. As of November 30, 20132015, there was $3.4$5.0 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock option awards. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.81.7 years.
We record proceeds from the exercise of stock options as additions to common stock and paid-in capital. The tax shortfalls of $.7$1.7 million in 20132015, $.3$1.2 million in 20122014 and $1.0$.7 million in 20112013 resulting from the cancellation of stock awards were reflected in paid-in capital. In 2013, 2012 and 2011, in accordance with the cash flow classification requirements of ASC 718,2015, the consolidated statement of cash flows reflected $.2 million excess tax benefit associated with the exercise of stock options. In 2014 and 2013, the consolidated statement of cash flows reflected no excess tax benefit associated with the exercise of stock options.
Other Stock-Based Awards.Restricted Stock. From time to time, we grant restricted stock to various employees as a compensation benefit. During the restriction periods, these employees are entitled to vote and to receive cash dividends on such shares. The restrictions imposed with respect to the shares granted generally lapse over periods of three years if certain conditions are met.

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Restricted stock transactions are summarized as follows:
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
 Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
 Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
 Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
 Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of year229,724
 $15.81
 338,912
 $15.03
 402,477
 $15.09
355,294
 $15.81
 219,628
 $16.23
 229,724
 $15.81
Granted88,000
 17.50
 207,617
 16.23
 
 
285,006
 15.19
 219,835
 15.34
 88,000
 17.50
Vested(91,312) 15.18
 (176,135) 14.25
 (10,930) 13.49
(204,663) 14.83
 (73,908) 16.52
 (91,312) 15.18
Cancelled(6,784) 17.24
 (140,670) 15.44
 (52,635) 15.44
(18,660) 15.45
 (10,261) 18.55
 (6,784) 17.24
Outstanding at end of year219,628
 $16.23
 229,724
 $15.81
 338,912
 $15.03
416,977
 $15.88
 355,294
 $15.81
 219,628
 $16.23
As of November 30, 2013,2015, we had $3.5$4.7 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards that will be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately three years.
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units. On October 10, 2013,8, 2015, we granted PSUs to certain employees. Each PSU grant corresponds to a target amount of our common stock (the “Award(“Award Shares”). Each PSU entitles the recipient to receive a grant of between 0% and 200% of the recipient’s Award Shares, and will vest based on our achieving, over a three-yearthree-year period commencing on December 1, 20132015 and ending on November 30, 2018, specified levels of (a) adjusted cumulative earnings per share (b) average adjusted return on invested capital and (c) revenue growth performance relative to a peer group of high-production public homebuilding companies. The grant date fair value of each such PSU was $14.92. On October 9, 2014, we granted PSUs to certain employees with similar terms as the 2015 PSU grants, except that the applicable performance period commenced on December 1, 2014 and ends on November 30, 2017. The grant date fair value of each such 2014 PSU was $14.62. On October 10, 2013, we granted PSUs to certain employees with similar terms as the 2015 PSU grants, except that the applicable performance period commenced on December 1, 2013 and ends on November 30, 2016 and the applicable performance measures are specified levels of (a) average return on equity performance and (b) revenue growth performance relative to a peer group of high-production public homebuilding companies, subject to the recipient’s continued employment with us through and including the date on which the management development and compensation committee of our board of directors determines performance for each of the measures.companies. The grant date fair value of each such 2013 PSU was $16.63.
On November 8, 2012, we granted PSUs to certain employees. Each PSU grant corresponds to a target amount of Award Shares. Each PSU entitles the recipient to receive a grant of between 0% and 200% of the recipient’s Award Shares, and will vest based on our achieving, over a three-year performance period commencing on December 1, 2012 and ending on November 30, 2015, specified levels of (a) average return on equity performance and (b) revenue growth relative to a peer group of high-production public homebuilding companies, subject to the recipient’s continued employment with us through and including the date on which the management development and compensation committee of our board of directors determines performance for each of the measures. The grant date fair value of each such PSU was $16.23.
PSU transactions are summarized as follows:
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 20122015 2014 2013
Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
 Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
 Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
 Shares 
Weighted
Average
per Share
Grant Date
Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of year227,049
 $16.23
 
 $
628,209
 $15.70
 385,049
 $16.39
 227,049
 $16.23
Granted158,000
 16.63
 227,049
 16.23
192,000
 14.92
 243,160
 14.62
 158,000
 16.63
Vested
 
 
 
Cancelled
 
 
 
Outstanding at end of year385,049
 $16.39
 227,049
 $16.23
820,209
 $15.52
 628,209
 $15.70
 385,049
 $16.39
           

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The number of shares of our common stock actually granted to a recipient, if any, when a PSU vests will depend on the degree of achievement of the applicable performance measures during the applicable three-year performance period. The PSUs have no dividend or voting rights during the performance period. Compensation cost for PSUs is initially estimated based on target performance achievement and adjusted as appropriate throughout the performance period. Accordingly, future compensation costs associated with outstanding PSUs may increase or decrease based on the probability of our achievement with respect to the applicable performance measures. At November 30, 2013,2015, we had $7.3$9.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested PSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately three years.

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In 2009 and 2008, we granted phantom shares to various employees. Stock Appreciation Rights. In 2008, we also granted SARs to various employees. These cash-settled awards have been accounted for as liabilities in our consolidated financial statements. Each phantom share represented the right to receive a cash payment equal to the closing price of our common stock on the applicable vesting date. Each SAR represents a right to receive a cash payment equal to the positive difference, if any, between the grant price and the market value of a share of our common stock on the date of exercise. The phantom shares vested in full at the end of three years, while the SARs vested in equal annual installments over three years. There wereAt no phantom shares outstanding as of November 30, 2013 and 2012,2015, 2014 and 5,5562013 phantom shares outstanding as of November 30, 2011. At November 30, 2013 and 2012,, we had 29,939 SARs outstanding, which are fully vested and will expire in July 2017.
Director Awards. We recognized total compensation expensehave granted Director Plan SARs and stock units to our non-employee directors pursuant to the terms of $3.4 million in 2013, $1.7 million in 2012the Director Plan and $1.2 million in 2011 relatedelections made by each director. All of these stock-settled awards were fully vested as of November 30, 2015. Director Plan SARs have terms of up to restricted15 years and may be exercised when the director leaves the board or sooner if stock PSUs, phantom sharesownership requirements have been met, while each stock unit may be settled for one share of common stock only when the director leaves the board. All Director Plan SARs were granted at an exercise price equal to the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. As of November 30, 2015, 2014 and SARs.2013, our non-employee directors had 452,983, 452,983 and 388,884, respectively, of outstanding Director Plan SARs and 419,962, 358,404 and 322,379, respectively, of outstanding stock units. In addition, we granted common stock to our non-employee directors pursuant to the Director Plan and elections made by each director. Such common stock was issued to the applicable recipients on the date of grant and is unrestricted.
Grantor Stock Ownership Trust. On August 27, 1999, we establishedWe have a grantor stock ownership trust (the “Trust”(“Trust”) into which certain shares repurchased in 2000 and 1999 were transferred. The Trust,, administered by a third-party trustee, that holds and distributes the shares of common stock acquired to support certain employee compensation and employee benefit obligations under our existing stock option plan, the 401(k) Plan and other employee benefit plans. The existence of the Trust has no impact on the amount of benefits or compensation that is paid under these plans.
For financial reporting purposes, the Trust is consolidated with us, and therefore any dividend transactions between us and the Trust are eliminated. Acquired shares held by the Trust remain valued at the market price on the date of purchase and are shown as a reduction to stockholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheets. The difference between the Trust share value and the market value on the date shares are released from the Trust is included in paid-in capital. Common stock held in the Trust is not considered outstanding in the computations of earnings (loss) per share. The Trust held 10,501,84410,135,461 and 10,615,93410,335,461 shares of common stock at November 30, 20132015 and 20122014, respectively. The trustee votes shares held by the Trust in accordance with voting directions from eligible employees, as specified in a trust agreement with the trustee.
Note 20.Postretirement Benefits
We have a supplemental non-qualified, unfunded retirement plan, the KB Home Retirement Plan (“Retirement Plan”), effective as of July 11, 2002, pursuant to which we have offered to pay supplemental pension benefits to certain designated individuals (consisting of current and former employees) in connection with their retirement. The planRetirement Plan was closed to new participants in 2004. We also have an unfunded death benefit plan, the KB Home Death Benefit Only Plan (“DBO Plan”), implemented on November 1, 2001, for certain designated individuals (consisting of current and former employees). The DBO Plan was closed to new participants in 2006.
In connection with the plan,these plans, we have purchased cost recovery life insurance contracts on the lives of the designated individuals. The insurance contracts associated with the planplans are held by a trust, established as part of the plan to implement and carry out the provisions of the plan and to finance the benefits offered under the plan.trust. The trust is the owner and beneficiary of such insurance contracts. The amount of the insurance coverage under the contracts is designed to provide sufficient funds to cover all costs of the planplans if assumptions made as to employment term, mortality experience, policy earnings and other factors, as applicable, are realized. The cash surrender value of thesethe Retirement Plan life insurance contracts was $47.445.7 million at November 30, 20132015 and $42.448.1 million at November 30, 20122014. We recognized an investment loss on the cash surrender value of the Retirement Plan life insurance contracts of $1.3 million in 2015, and investment gains of $1.8 million in 2014 and $3.1 million in 2013. In 2013, 20122015, 2014, and 2011,2013, we paid $1.11.4 million, $.51.2 million and $.11.1 million, respectively, in benefits under the planRetirement Plan to eligible former employees.
We also have an unfunded death benefit plan, the KB Home Death Benefit Only Plan, implemented on November 1, 2001, for certain designated individuals (consisting of current and former employees). The plan was closed to new participants in 2004. In connection with the plan, we have purchased cost recovery life insurance contracts on the lives of the designated individuals. The insurance contracts associated with the plan are held by a trust, established as part of the plan to implement and carry out the provisions of the plan and to finance the benefits offered under the plan. The trust is the owner and beneficiary of such insurance contracts. The amount of the insurance coverage under the contracts is designed to provide sufficient funds to cover all costs of the plan if assumptions made as to employment term, mortality experience, policy earnings and other factors are realized. The cash surrender value of thesethe DBO Plan life insurance contracts was $16.2$16.8 million at November 30, 20132015 and $14.8$17.1 million at November 30, 2012.2014. We recognized an investment loss on the cash surrender value of the DBO Plan life insurance contracts of $.3 million in 2015, and investment gains of $.7 million in 2014 and $1.4 million in 2013. We have not paid out any benefits under the plan.DBO Plan.
The net periodic benefit cost of our postretirement benefit plans forRetirement Plan and DBO Plan consisted of the year ended November 30, 2013 was $6.9 million, which included service costs of $1.5 million, interest costs of $2.1 million, amortization of unrecognized loss of $1.8 million and amortization of prior service costs of $1.5 million. The net periodic benefit cost of these plans for the year ended November 30, 2012 was $6.6 million, which included service costs of $1.3 million, interest costs of $2.3 million, amortization of unrecognized loss of $1.4 million, and amortization of prior service costs of $1.6 million. For the year ended November 30, 2011, the net periodic benefit cost of these plans was $5.5 million, which included service costs of $1.2 million, interest costs of $2.3 million, amortization of unrecognized loss of $.6 million, and amortization of prior service costs of $1.5 million, partly offset by other income of $.1 million. following (in thousands):

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  Years Ended November 30,
  2015 2014 2013
Interest cost $2,270
 $2,456
 $2,078
Amortization of prior service cost 1,556
 1,556
 1,556
Service cost 1,142
 1,184
 1,504
Amortization of net actuarial loss 848
 357
 1,803
Total $5,816
 $5,553
 $6,941
The liabilities related to these plans were $56.3$60.8 million at November 30, 20132015 and $60.9$62.6 million at November 30, 2012,2014, and are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. For the years ended November 30,2013 2015 and 2012,2014, the discount rates we used for the plans were 4.4%3.6% and 3.3%3.5%, respectively.

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Benefit payments under our postretirement benefit plansRetirement Plan and DBO Plan are expected to be paid during each year ended November 30 as follows: 2014 — $1.4 million; 2015 — $1.8 million; 2016 — $2.4 million;$1.7 million; 2017 — $2.6 million;$1.8 million; 2018 — $2.9 million;$2.7 million; 2019 — $3.2 million; 2020 — $3.4 million; and for the five years ended November 30, 20232025$18.919.2 million in the aggregate.
Note 21.Supplemental Disclosure to Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
The following are supplemental disclosures to the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2013 2012 20112015 2014 2013
Summary of cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year:          
Homebuilding$530,095
 $524,765
 $415,050
$559,042
 $356,366
 $530,095
Financial services2,428
 923
 3,024
1,299
 2,402
 2,428
Total$532,523
 $525,688
 $418,074
$560,341
 $358,768
 $532,523
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:          
Interest paid, net of amounts capitalized$64,520
 $65,541
 $48,038
$22,486
 $13,037
 $64,520
Income taxes paid800
 826
 335
3,612
 1,619
 800
Income taxes refunded61
 22,342
 213
11
 1,728
 61
Supplemental disclosure of noncash activities:          
Cost of inventories acquired through seller financing$27,600
 $53,625
 $
Reclassification of warranty recoveries to receivables$7,238
 $18,110
 $
Increase (decrease) in consolidated inventories not owned4,798
 (19,803) 8,354
106,807
 (5,755) 4,798
Acquired property securing note receivable
 
 40,000
Issuance of stock under stock-based compensation plans8,346
 
 
Increase in inventories due to distributions of land and land development from an unconsolidated joint venture12,705
 90,115
 
Inventories and inventory-related obligations associated with TIFE assessments tied to distribution of land from an unconsolidated joint venture
 33,197
 
Inventories acquired through seller financing20,291
 61,553
 27,600
Conversion of liability awards to equity awards
 6,455
 8,346
Note 22.Supplemental Guarantor Information
Our obligations to pay principal, premium, if any, and interest under ouron the senior notes and the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and borrowings, if any, under the Credit Facility are guaranteed on a joint and several basis by the certain of our subsidiaries (“Guarantor Subsidiaries.Subsidiaries”). The guarantees are full and unconditional and the Guarantor Subsidiaries are 100% owned by us. Pursuant to the terms of the indenture governing ourthe senior notes and the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, and the terms of the Credit Facility, aif any of the Guarantor Subsidiary will be automatically and unconditionally released and discharged from its guaranty of our senior notes, the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and the Credit Facility if such Guarantor SubsidiarySubsidiaries ceases to be a “significant subsidiary” as defined by Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X (as in effect on June 1, 1996) using a 5% rather than a 10% threshold provided(provided that the assets of our non-guarantor subsidiaries do not in the aggregate exceed 10% of an adjusted measure of our consolidated total assets,assets), it will be automatically and unconditionally released and discharged from its guaranty of the senior notes and the Credit Facility so long as all guarantees by such Guarantor Subsidiary of any other of our or our subsidiaries’ indebtedness are terminated

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at or prior to the time of such release. We have determined that separate, full financial statements of the Guarantor Subsidiaries would not be material to investors and, accordingly, supplemental financial information for the Guarantor Subsidiaries is presented.
The supplemental financial information for all periods presented below reflects the relevantthose subsidiaries that were Guarantor Subsidiaries as of November 30, 2013. The format of the condensed consolidating financial statements has been revised for the periods previously reported in our annual reports to retrospectively reflect (a) the transfer of certain of our subsidiaries from non-guarantor subsidiaries to guarantor subsidiaries as a result of such subsidiaries becoming guarantor subsidiaries during 2013 and (b) the following elective reclassifications which relate solely to transactions between KB Home corporate and its subsidiaries: (i) the reclassification of KB Home corporate, guarantor and non-guarantor intercompany interest, which had previously been included in interest expense, to a separate line item with corresponding offsets in the consolidating adjustments column; (ii) the reclassification of guarantor and non-guarantor intercompany receivables and payables, which had previously been presented on a net basis, with corresponding offsets in the consolidating adjustments column; (iii) the reclassification of the net intercompany funding activity of KB Home corporate, which was previously included in cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities, to cash flows from investing activities with corresponding offsets in the consolidating adjustments column; and (iv) the reclassification of dividends received by KB Home corporate from its subsidiaries to cash provided by (used in) operating activities. Such dividends were previously included in net cash provided by (used in) financing activities. This revised presentation of the condensed consolidating financial statements had no impact or effect on our consolidated financial statements for any periods presented, including our consolidated statements of operations, consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of cash flows.2015.

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Condensed Consolidating StatementStatements of Operations
(in (in thousands)
 
 Year Ended November 30, 2013
 
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Revenues$
 $2,036,340
 $60,790
 $
 $2,097,130
Homebuilding:         
Revenues$
 $2,036,340
 $48,638
 $
 $2,084,978
Construction and land costs
 (1,692,525) (44,561) 
 (1,737,086)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(60,545) (180,344) (14,919) 
 (255,808)
Operating income (loss)(60,545) 163,471
 (10,842) 
 92,084
Interest income768
 18
 6
 
 792
Interest expense(143,902) (5,199) 
 86,411
 (62,690)
Intercompany interest203,096
 (117,180) 495
 (86,411) 
Equity in loss of unconsolidated joint ventures
 (2,007) 
 
 (2,007)
Homebuilding pretax income (loss)(583) 39,103
 (10,341) 
 28,179
Financial services pretax income
 
 10,184
 
 10,184
Total pretax income (loss)(583) 39,103
 (157) 
 38,363
Income tax benefit
 1,500
 100
 
 1,600
Equity in net income of subsidiaries40,546
 
 
 (40,546) 
Net income (loss)$39,963
 $40,603
 $(57) $(40,546) $39,963

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Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations
(in thousands)

Year Ended November 30, 2012Year Ended November 30, 2015
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Revenues$
 $1,506,333
 $53,782
 $
 $1,560,115
$
 $2,653,372
 $378,658
 $
 $3,032,030
Homebuilding:                  
Revenues$
 $1,506,333
 $42,099
 $
 $1,548,432
$
 $2,653,372
 $367,615
 $
 $3,020,987
Construction and land costs
 (1,291,877) (40,168) 
 (1,332,045)
 (2,209,472) (329,896) 
 (2,539,368)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(60,101) (163,266) (13,276) 
 (236,643)(86,053) (213,292) (43,653) 
 (342,998)
Operating income (loss)(60,101) 51,190
 (11,345) 
 (20,256)(86,053) 230,608
 (5,934) 
 138,621
Interest income480
 13
 25
 
 518
451
 6
 1
 
 458
Interest expense(127,291) (5,365) 
 62,852
 (69,804)(180,701) (6,184) 
 165,029
 (21,856)
Intercompany interest176,977
 (114,286) 161
 (62,852) 
289,727
 (109,208) (15,490) (165,029) 
Equity in loss of unconsolidated joint ventures
 (394) 
 
 (394)
 (1,803) (1) 
 (1,804)
Homebuilding pretax loss(9,935) (68,842) (11,159) 
 (89,936)
Homebuilding pretax income (loss)23,424
 113,419
 (21,424) 
 115,419
Financial services pretax income
 
 10,883
 
 10,883

 
 11,624
 
 11,624
Total pretax loss(9,935) (68,842) (276) 
 (79,053)
Income tax benefit2,500
 17,500
 100
 
 20,100
Equity in net loss of subsidiaries(51,518) 
 
 51,518
 
Net loss$(58,953) $(51,342) $(176) $51,518
 $(58,953)
Total pretax income (loss)23,424
 113,419
 (9,800) 
 127,043
Income tax benefit (expense)2,000
 (42,700) (1,700) 
 (42,400)
Equity in net income of subsidiaries59,219
 
 
 (59,219) 
Net income (loss)$84,643
 $70,719
 $(11,500) $(59,219) $84,643



10892

Table of Contents

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations
(in thousands)

 Year Ended November 30, 2014
 
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Revenues$
 $2,031,564
 $369,385
 $
 $2,400,949
Homebuilding:         
Revenues$
 $2,031,564
 $358,079
 $
 $2,389,643
Construction and land costs
 (1,673,916) (311,735) 
 (1,985,651)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(68,717) (176,795) (42,511) 
 (288,023)
Operating income (loss)(68,717) 180,853
 3,833
 
 115,969
Interest income432
 9
 2
 
 443
Interest expense(165,485) (6,056) 
 140,791
 (30,750)
Intercompany interest287,017
 (127,191) (19,035) (140,791) 
Equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures
 (2,549) 3,290
 
 741
Homebuilding pretax income (loss)53,247
 45,066
 (11,910) 
 86,403
Financial services pretax income
 
 8,546
 
 8,546
Total pretax income (loss)53,247
 45,066
 (3,364) 
 94,949
Income tax benefit215,691
 551,203
 56,506
 
 823,400
Equity in net income of subsidiaries649,411
 
 
 (649,411) 
Net income$918,349
 $596,269
 $53,142
 $(649,411) $918,349
Year Ended November 30, 2011Year Ended November 30, 2013
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Revenues$
 $1,262,453
 $53,413
 $
 $1,315,866
$
 $1,792,040
 $305,090
 $
 $2,097,130
Homebuilding:                  
Revenues$
 $1,262,453
 $43,109
 $
 $1,305,562
$
 $1,792,040
 $292,938
 $
 $2,084,978
Construction and land costs
 (1,108,572) (48,708) 
 (1,157,280)
 (1,480,822) (256,264) 
 (1,737,086)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(52,784) (151,916) (15,891) 
 (220,591)(60,545) (151,923) (43,340) 
 (255,808)
Loss on loan guaranty
 (30,765) 
 
 (30,765)
Operating loss(52,784) (28,800) (21,490) 
 (103,074)
Operating income (loss)(60,545) 159,295
 (6,666) 
 92,084
Interest income715
 48
 108
 
 871
768
 18
 6
 
 792
Interest expense(110,068) (3,007) 1,038
 62,833
 (49,204)(143,902) (5,199) 
 86,411
 (62,690)
Intercompany interest162,025
 (97,623) (1,569) (62,833) 
203,096
 (102,172) (14,513) (86,411) 
Equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures
 (55,840) 1
 
 (55,839)
 (2,503) 496
 
 (2,007)
Homebuilding pretax loss(112) (185,222) (21,912) 
 (207,246)
Homebuilding pretax income (loss)(583) 49,439
 (20,677) 
 28,179
Financial services pretax income
 
 26,078
 
 26,078

 
 10,184
 
 10,184
Total pretax income (loss)(112) (185,222) 4,166
 
 (181,168)(583) 49,439
 (10,493) 
 38,363
Income tax benefit
 2,300
 100
 
 2,400
Equity in net loss of subsidiaries(178,656) 
 
 178,656
 
Income tax benefit (expense)100
 1,800
 (300) 
 1,600
Equity in net income of subsidiaries40,446
 
 
 (40,446) 
Net income (loss)$(178,768) $(182,922) $4,266
 $178,656
 $(178,768)$39,963
 $51,239
 $(10,793) $(40,446) $39,963

10993

Table of Contents

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in (in thousands)

Year Ended November 30, 2013Year Ended November 30, 2015
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Net income (loss)$39,963
 $40,603
 $(57) $(40,546) $39,963
$84,643
 $70,719
 $(11,500) $(59,219) $84,643
Other comprehensive income:                  
Postretirement benefit plan adjustments10,442
 
 
 
 10,442
6,149
 
 
 
 6,149
Other comprehensive income10,442
 
 
 
 10,442
Other comprehensive income before tax6,149
 
 
 
 6,149
Income tax expense related to items of other comprehensive income(2,460) 
 
 
 (2,460)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax3,689
 
 
 
 3,689
Comprehensive income (loss)$50,405
 $40,603
 $(57) $(40,546) $50,405
$88,332
 $70,719
 $(11,500) $(59,219) $88,332

 Year Ended November 30, 2012
 
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Net loss$(58,953) $(51,342) $(176) $51,518
 $(58,953)
Other comprehensive loss:         
Postretirement benefit plan adjustments(1,806) 
 
 
 (1,806)
Other comprehensive loss(1,806) 
 
 
 (1,806)
Comprehensive loss$(60,759) $(51,342) $(176) $51,518
 $(60,759)
 Year Ended November 30, 2014
 
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Net income$918,349
 $596,269
 $53,142
 $(649,411) $918,349
Other comprehensive loss:         
Postretirement benefit plan adjustments(1,888) 
 
 
 (1,888)
Other comprehensive loss before tax(1,888) 
 
 
 (1,888)
Income tax expense related to items of other comprehensive income(1,604) 
 
 
 (1,604)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax(3,492) 
 
 
 (3,492)
Comprehensive income$914,857
 $596,269
 $53,142
 $(649,411) $914,857

Year Ended November 30, 2011Year Ended November 30, 2013
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Net income (loss)$(178,768) $(182,922) $4,266
 $178,656
 $(178,768)$39,963
 $51,239
 $(10,793) $(40,446) $39,963
Other comprehensive loss:         
Other comprehensive income:         
Postretirement benefit plan adjustments(3,495) 
 
 
 (3,495)10,442
 
 
 
 10,442
Other comprehensive loss(3,495) 
 
 
 (3,495)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax10,442
 
 
 
 10,442
Comprehensive income (loss)$(182,263) $(182,922) $4,266
 $178,656
 $(182,263)$50,405
 $51,239
 $(10,793) $(40,446) $50,405




11094

Table of Contents

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
(inSheets (in thousands)

November 30, 2013November 30, 2015
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Assets                  
Homebuilding:                  
Cash and cash equivalents$476,847
 $41,316
 $11,932
 $
 $530,095
$444,850
 $98,281
 $15,911
 $
 $559,042
Restricted cash41,906
 
 
 
 41,906
9,344
 
 
 
 9,344
Receivables1,472
 74,186
 91
 
 75,749
39
 148,338
 4,305
 
 152,682
Inventories
 2,263,034
 35,543
 
 2,298,577

 2,979,617
 334,130
 
 3,313,747
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures
 130,192
 
 
 130,192

 69,057
 2,501
 
 71,558
Deferred tax assets, net190,770
 501,454
 89,972
 
 782,196
Other assets97,647
 9,072
 357
 
 107,076
97,590
 11,783
 3,401
 
 112,774
617,872
 2,517,800
 47,923
 
 3,183,595
742,593
 3,808,530
 450,220
 
 5,001,343
Financial services
 
 10,040
 
 10,040

 
 14,028
 
 14,028
Intercompany receivables2,129,729
 
 117,829
 (2,247,558) 
3,627,150
 
 102,103
 (3,729,253) 
Investments in subsidiaries39,955
 
 
 (39,955) 
39,383
 
 
 (39,383) 
Total assets$2,787,556
 $2,517,800
 $175,792
 $(2,287,513) $3,193,635
$4,409,126
 $3,808,530
 $566,351
 $(3,768,636) $5,015,371
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity                  
Homebuilding:                  
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities$117,875
 $292,220
 $94,363
 $
 $504,458
$136,352
 $442,529
 $118,303
 $
 $697,184
Mortgages and notes payable2,111,773
 38,725
 
 
 2,150,498
Notes payable2,564,762
 60,774
 
 
 2,625,536
2,229,648
 330,945
 94,363
 
 2,654,956
2,701,114
 503,303
 118,303
 
 3,322,720
Financial services
 
 2,593
 
 2,593

 
 1,817
 
 1,817
Intercompany payables21,822
 2,186,855
 38,881
 (2,247,558) 
17,178
 3,305,227
 406,848
 (3,729,253) 
Stockholders’ equity536,086
 
 39,955
 (39,955) 536,086
1,690,834
 
 39,383
 (39,383) 1,690,834
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$2,787,556
 $2,517,800
 $175,792
 $(2,287,513) $3,193,635
$4,409,126
 $3,808,530
 $566,351
 $(3,768,636) $5,015,371


11195

Table of Contents

 November 30, 2014
 
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Assets         
Homebuilding:         
Cash and cash equivalents$303,280
 $37,112
 $15,974
 $
 $356,366
Restricted cash27,235
 
 
 
 27,235
Receivables15
 120,857
 4,616
 
 125,488
Inventories
 2,847,415
 370,972
 
 3,218,387
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures
 76,940
 2,501
 
 79,441
Deferred tax assets, net215,923
 552,653
 56,656
 
 825,232
Other assets99,099
 13,136
 2,680
 
 114,915
 645,552
 3,648,113
 453,399
 
 4,747,064
Financial services
 
 10,486
 
 10,486
Intercompany receivables3,582,612
 
 112,919
 (3,695,531) 
Investments in subsidiaries39,356
 
 
 (39,356) 
Total assets$4,267,520
 $3,648,113
 $576,804
 $(3,734,887) $4,757,550
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity         
Homebuilding:         
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities$138,298
 $317,550
 $126,750
 $
 $582,598
Notes payable2,513,165
 63,360
 
 
 2,576,525
 2,651,463
 380,910
 126,750
 
 3,159,123
Financial services
 
 2,517
 
 2,517
Intercompany payables20,147
 3,267,203
 408,181
 (3,695,531) 
Stockholders’ equity1,595,910
 
 39,356
 (39,356) 1,595,910
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$4,267,520
 $3,648,113
 $576,804
 $(3,734,887) $4,757,550


96



Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
(inStatements of Cash Flows (in thousands)

 November 30, 2012
 
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Assets         
Homebuilding:         
Cash and cash equivalents$457,007
 $54,205
 $13,553
 $
 $524,765
Restricted cash42,362
 
 
 
 42,362
Receivables121
 64,504
 196
 
 64,821
Inventories
 1,688,301
 18,270
 
 1,706,571
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures
 116,793
 6,881
 
 123,674
Other assets85,901
 15,980
 (6,831) 
 95,050
 585,391
 1,939,783
 32,069
 
 2,557,243
Financial services
 
 4,455
 
 4,455
Intercompany receivables1,559,712
 
 122,580
 (1,682,292) 
Investments in subsidiaries38,479
 
 
 (38,479) 
Total assets$2,183,582
 $1,939,783
 $159,104
 $(1,720,771) $2,561,698
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity         
Homebuilding:         
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities$134,314
 $221,611
 $102,964
 $
 $458,889
Mortgages and notes payable1,645,394
 77,421
 
 
 1,722,815
 1,779,708
 299,032
 102,964
 
 2,181,704
Financial services
 
 3,188
 
 3,188
Intercompany payables27,068
 1,640,751
 14,473
 (1,682,292) 
Stockholders’ equity376,806
 
 38,479
 (38,479) 376,806
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$2,183,582
 $1,939,783
 $159,104
 $(1,720,771) $2,561,698
 Year Ended November 30, 2015
 
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Net cash provided by operating activities$44,422
 $125,068
 $11,695
 $
 $181,185
Cash flows from investing activities:         
Contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures
 (20,625) (1) 
 (20,626)
Return of investments in unconsolidated joint ventures
 14,000
 
 
 14,000
Purchases of property and equipment, net(2,890) (1,704) (83) 
 (4,677)
Intercompany45,470
 
 
 (45,470) 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities42,580
 (8,329) (84) (45,470) (11,303)
Cash flows from financing activities:         
Change in restricted cash17,891
 
 
 
 17,891
Proceeds from issuance of debt250,000
 
 
 
 250,000
Payment of debt issuance costs(4,561) 
 
 
 (4,561)
Repayment of senior notes(199,906) 
 
 
 (199,906)
Payments on mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans
 (22,877) 
 
 (22,877)
Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans740
 
 
 
 740
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation157
 
 
 
 157
Payments of cash dividends(9,186) 
 
 
 (9,186)
Stock repurchases(567) 
 
 
 (567)
Intercompany
 (32,693) (12,777) 45,470
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities54,568
 (55,570) (12,777) 45,470
 31,691
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents141,570
 61,169
 (1,166) 
 201,573
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year303,280
 37,112
 18,376
 
 358,768
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$444,850
 $98,281
 $17,210
 $
 $560,341



11297

Table of Contents

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

Year Ended November 30, 2013Year Ended November 30, 2014
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$4,695
 $(441,236) $(6,945) $
 $(443,486)$82,629
 $(643,702) $(69,618) $
 $(630,691)
Cash flows from investing activities:                  
Contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures
 (9,368) (4,991) 
 (14,359)
 (48,846) (251) 
 (49,097)
Proceeds from sale of investment in unconsolidated joint venture
 
 10,110
 
 10,110
Purchases of property and equipment, net(519) (1,491) (381) 
 (2,391)(208) (4,412) (1,175) 
 (5,795)
Intercompany(517,703) 
 
 517,703
 
(794,624) 
 
 794,624
 
Net cash used in investing activities(518,222) (10,859) (5,372) 517,703
 (16,750)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(794,832) (53,258) 8,684
 794,624
 (44,782)
Cash flows from financing activities:                  
Change in restricted cash456
 
 
 
 456
14,671
 
 
 
 14,671
Proceeds from issuance of debt680,000
 
 
 
 680,000
400,000
 
 
 
 400,000
Payment of debt issuance costs(16,525) 
 
 
 (16,525)(5,448) 
 
 
 (5,448)
Repayment of senior notes(225,394) 
 
 
 (225,394)
Payments on mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans
 (66,296) 
 
 (66,296)
 (36,918) 
 
 (36,918)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net109,503
 
 
 
 109,503
137,045
 
 
 
 137,045
Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans2,181
 
 
 
 2,181
1,896
 
 
 
 1,896
Payments of cash dividends(8,366) 
 
 
 (8,366)(8,982) 
 
 
 (8,982)
Stock repurchases(8,488) 
 
 
 (8,488)(546) 
 
 
 (546)
Intercompany
 505,502
 12,201
 (517,703) 

 733,033
 61,591
 (794,624) 
Net cash provided by financing activities533,367
 439,206
 12,201
 (517,703) 467,071
538,636
 696,115
 61,591
 (794,624) 501,718
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents19,840
 (12,889) (116) 
 6,835
(173,567) (845) 657
 
 (173,755)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year457,007
 54,205
 14,476
 
 525,688
476,847
 37,957
 17,719
 
 532,523
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$476,847
 $41,316
 $14,360
 $
 $532,523
$303,280
 $37,112
 $18,376
 $
 $358,768


11398

Table of Contents

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

Year Ended November 30, 2012Year Ended November 30, 2013
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Net cash provided by operating activities$11,033
 $4,943
 $18,641
 $
 $34,617
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$4,795
 $(457,390) $9,109
 $
 $(443,486)
Cash flows from investing activities:                  
Return of investments in (contributions to) unconsolidated joint ventures
 1,922
 (933) 
 989
Contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures
 (9,334) (5,025) 
 (14,359)
Purchases of property and equipment, net(175) (1,540) (34) 
 (1,749)(519) (1,254) (618) 
 (2,391)
Intercompany5,137
 
 
 (5,137) 
(517,803) 
 
 517,803
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities4,962
 382
 (967) (5,137) (760)
Net cash used in investing activities(518,322) (10,588) (5,643) 517,803
 (16,750)
Cash flows from financing activities:                  
Change in restricted cash22,119
 
 
 
 22,119
456
 
 
 
 456
Proceeds from issuance of debt694,831
 
 
 
 694,831
680,000
 
 
 
 680,000
Payment of debt issuance costs(12,445) 
 
 
 (12,445)(16,525) 
 
 
 (16,525)
Repayment of senior notes(592,645) 
 
 
 (592,645)(225,394) 
 
 
 (225,394)
Payments on mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans
 (26,298) 
 
 (26,298)
 (66,296) 
 
 (66,296)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net109,503
 
 
 
 109,503
Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans593
 
 
 
 593
2,181
 
 
 
 2,181
Payments of cash dividends(10,599) 
 
 
 (10,599)(8,366) 
 
 
 (8,366)
Stock repurchases(1,799) 
 
 
 (1,799)(8,488) 
 
 
 (8,488)
Intercompany
 22,915
 (28,052) 5,137
 

 523,013
 (5,210) (517,803) 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities100,055
 (3,383) (28,052) 5,137
 73,757
533,367
 456,717
 (5,210) (517,803) 467,071
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents116,050
 1,942
 (10,378) 
 107,614
19,840
 (11,261) (1,744) 
 6,835
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year340,957
 52,263
 24,854
 
 418,074
457,007
 49,218
 19,463
 
 525,688
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$457,007
 $54,205
 $14,476
 $
 $525,688
$476,847
 $37,957
 $17,719
 $
 $532,523

114

Table of Contents

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

 Year Ended November 30, 2011
 
KB Home
Corporate
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Consolidating
Adjustments
 Total
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$9,443
 $(355,165) $(1,823) $
 $(347,545)
Cash flows from investing activities:         
Return of investments in (contributions to) unconsolidated joint ventures
 (78,619) 11,359
 
 (67,260)
Proceeds from sale of operating property
 80,600
 
 
 80,600
Sales (purchases) of property and equipment, net(200) (649) 607
 
 (242)
Intercompany(349,081) 
 
 349,081
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(349,281) 1,332
 11,966
 349,081
 13,098
Cash flows from financing activities:         
Change in restricted cash24,239
 26,757
 
 
 50,996
Repayment of senior notes(100,000) 
 
 
 (100,000)
Payments on mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers and other loans3,397
 (89,461) (3,397) 
 (89,461)
Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans1,796
 
 
 
 1,796
Payments of cash dividends(19,240) 
 
 
 (19,240)
Intercompany
 443,698
 (94,617) (349,081) 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(89,808) 380,994
 (98,014) (349,081) (155,909)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(429,646) 27,161
 (87,871) 
 (490,356)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year770,603
 25,102
 112,725
 
 908,430
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$340,957
 $52,263
 $24,854
 $
 $418,074

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Note 23.Quarterly Results (unaudited)
The following tables present our consolidated quarterly results for the years ended November 30, 20132015 and 20122014 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth QuarterFirst Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
2013       
2015       
Revenues$405,219
 $524,406
 $548,974
 $618,531
$580,121
 $622,969
 $843,157
 $985,783
Gross profits61,119
 80,772
 101,829
 113,282
86,739
 97,631
 133,099
 171,482
Pretax income (loss)(12,358) (4,173) 26,578
 28,316
Net income (loss)(12,458) (2,973) 27,278
 28,116
Earnings (loss) per share:       
Pretax income10,499
 12,673
 33,954
 69,917
Net income7,799
 9,573
 23,254
 44,017
Earnings per share:       
Basic$(.16) $(.04) $.32
 $.33
$.08
 $.10
 $.25
 $.48
Diluted$(.16) $(.04) $.30
 $.31
$.08
 $.10
 $.23
 $.43
              
2012       
2014       
Revenues$254,558
 $302,852
 $424,504
 $578,201
$450,687
 $565,007
 $589,214
 $796,041
Gross profits21,891
 49,118
 72,439
 81,631
80,561
 107,595
 108,931
 114,765
Pretax income (loss)(45,402) (28,636) (7,439) 2,424
Net income (loss)(45,802) (24,136) 3,261
 7,724
Earnings (loss) per share:       
Pretax income10,763
 26,924
 28,661
 28,601
Net income10,563
 26,624
 28,361
 852,801
Earnings per share:       
Basic$(.59) $(.31) $.04
 $.10
$.13
 $.30
 $.31
 $9.25
Diluted$(.59) $(.31) $.04
 $.10
$.12
 $.27
 $.28
 $8.36
Gross profits in the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2013 included charges of $1.6 million, $15.9 million, $5.9 million, and $8.5 million, respectively, associated with water intrusion-related repairs at certain of our communities in central and southwest Florida. Gross profits in the second quarter of 2013 also included land option contract abandonment charges of $.3 million. In addition, gross profits in the fourth quarter of 2013 included land option contract abandonment charges of $2.9 million and inventory impairment charges of $.4 million.
Gross profits in the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 20122014 included inventory impairment charges of $6.6 million, $9.9 million, $6.4 million and $5.2 million, respectively. In addition, gross profits$34.2 million. Pretax income in the secondfirst quarter of 20122014 included favorable warranty adjustmentsa $3.2 million gain on the sale of $11.2 million and insurance recoveries of $10.0 million, gross profitsour interest in the third quarter of 2012 included insurance recoveries of $16.5 million, and gross profits in the fourth quarter of 2012 included an unfavorable warranty adjustment of $2.6 million and land option contract abandonment charges of $.4 million.
Pretaxunconsolidated joint venture. Net income in the fourth quarter of 20132014 included the reversalimpact of a previously established accrual of $8.2an $825.2 million due to a favorable court decision. In the second quarter of 2012, the pretax loss included an $8.8 million charge associated with an unfavorable court decision related to the same matter as the favorable court decision in 2013.deferred tax asset valuation allowance reversal.
Quarterly and year-to-date computations of per share amounts are made independently. Therefore, the sum of per share amounts for the quarters may not agree with per share amounts for the year.
Note 24.Subsequent Event
On January 12, 2016, our board of directors authorized us to repurchase a total of up to 10,000,000 shares of our outstanding common stock.  This authorization reaffirmed and incorporated the then-current balance of 4,000,000 shares that remained under the prior board-approved share repurchase program. The amount and timing of shares purchased under this 10,000,000 share repurchase program will be subject to market and business conditions and other factors, and purchases may be made from time to time and at any time through open market or privately negotiated transactions.  This share repurchase authorization will continue in effect until fully used or earlier terminated or suspended by the board of directors. As of January 22, 2016, we had repurchased 3,025,000 shares of our common stock pursuant to this authorization, at a total cost of $30.5 million.


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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of KB Home:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of KB Home as of November 30, 20132015 and 2012,2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2013.2015. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of KB Home at November 30, 20132015 and 2012,2014, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2013,2015, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), KB Home’s internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2013,2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992(2013 Framework) and our report dated January 24, 201422, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Los Angeles, California
January 24, 201422, 2016


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Item 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
Item 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We have established disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information we are required to disclose in the reports we file or submit under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and accumulated and communicated to management, including theour President and Chief Executive Officer (the “Principal(“Principal Executive Officer”) and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (the “Principal(“Principal Financial Officer”), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Under the supervision and with the participation of senior management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, we evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.Act. Based on this evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of November 30, 2013.2015.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
(a)Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934.Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of senior management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control-IntegratedControl — Integrated Framework (2013) issuedestablished by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 1992.Commission. Based on the evaluation under that framework and applicable SEC rules, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of November 30, 2013.2015.
Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report, has issued its report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2013.2015, which is presented below.
(b)Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of KB Home:
We have audited KB Home’s internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2013,2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992(2013 Framework) (the COSO criteria). KB Home’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide

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reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, KB Home maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2013,2015, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of KB Home as of November 30, 20132015 and 2012,2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 20132015 and our report dated January 24, 201422, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Los Angeles, California
January 24, 201422, 2016
(c)Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended November 30, 20132015 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B.OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
Item 10.DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required byfor this item for executive officers is set forth underprovided above in the “Executive Officers of the Registrant” section in Part I.this report. Except as set forthstated below, the other information called for by this item will be included underprovided in the captions “Corporate Governance and Board Matters” and “Election of Directors” sections in our Proxy Statement for the 2014our 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “2014(“2016 Proxy Statement”), which will be filed with the SEC not later than March 30, 2014 (120 days after the end of our fiscal year), and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Ethics Policy
We have adopted an Ethics Policyethics policy for our directors, officers (including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer) and employees. The Ethics Policyethics policy is available on our investor relations website at www.investor.kbhome.com.http://investor.kbhome.com. Stockholders may request a free copy of the Ethics Policyethics policy from:
KB Home
Attention: Investor Relations
10990 Wilshire Boulevard
Los Angeles, California 90024
(310) 231-4000
investorrelations@kbhome.com
Within the time period required by the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange, we will post on our investor relations website any amendment to our Ethics Policyethics policy and any waiver applicable to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions, and our other executive officers or directors.

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Corporate Governance Principles
We have adopted Corporate Governance Principles,corporate governance principles, which are available on our investor relations website. Stockholders may request a free copy of the Corporate Governance Principlescorporate governance principles from the address, phone number and emaile-mail address set forthstated above under “Ethics Policy.”

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Item 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required byfor this item will be included underprovided in the captions “Corporate Governance and Board Matters” and “Executive Compensation” sections in the 2014our 2016 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Item 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
TheExcept as provided below, the information required byfor this item will be included under the caption “Ownershipprovided in the“Ownership of KB Home Securities” section in the 2014our 2016 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference, except for the information required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K, which is provided below.this reference.
The following table presents information as of November 30, 20132015 with respect to shares of our common stock that may be issued under our existing equity compensation plans:
Equity Compensation Plan InformationEquity Compensation Plan Information Equity Compensation Plan Information 
Plan category 
Number of
common shares to
be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and
rights
(a)
 
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(b)
 
Number of common
shares remaining
available for future
issuance under equity
compensation plans
(excluding common
shares reflected in
column(a))
(c)
  
Number of
common shares to
be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and
rights
(a)
 
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(b)
 
Number of common
shares remaining
available for future
issuance under equity
compensation plans
(excluding common
shares reflected in
column(a))
(c)
 
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders 10,531,938
 $21.11
 746,043
   12,635,644
 $19.39
 1,544,195
  
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders 
 
 
(1) 
 
 
(1)
Total 10,531,938
 $21.11
 746,043
   12,635,644
 $19.39
 1,544,195
  
(1)Represents our currenta prior non-employee directors compensation plan forunder which our non-employee directors that provides for grants of deferred common stock units or stock options. These stock units and options are described in the “Director Compensation” section of our 2014 Proxy Statement,received Director Plan SARs, which is incorporated herein.were initially granted as cash-settled instruments. As discussed in Note 17. Stockholders’ Equity in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, all non-employee directors serving on our board of directors amended thehave elected to receive shares of our common stock in settlement of their Director Plan in 2013 to provideSARs under the terms of the plan. In August 2014, our board of directors with a one-time opportunity to irrevocably elect to receive an equivalent valueauthorized the repurchase of shares of our common stock, and also authorized potential future grants of stock payment awards under the 2014 Plan, in lieueach case solely as necessary for such non-employee director elections in respect of outstanding Director Plan SARs; however, as of the cash payments that are otherwise due upon the settlementdate of their outstandingthis report, no shares of our common stock units under the terms of the Director Plan. Therefore, wehave been repurchased and no stock payment awards have been made pursuant to these authorizations. We consider thethis non-employee directorsdirector compensation plansplan as having no available capacity to issue shares of our common stock.
Item 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required byfor this item will be included underprovided in the captions “Corporate Governance and Board Matters” and “Other Matters” sections in the 2014our 2016 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Item 14.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The information required byfor this item will be included underprovided in the caption “Independent Auditor Fees and Services” section in the 2014our 2016 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by this reference.

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PART IV
Item 15.EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)     1.    Financial Statements
Reference is made to the index set forth on page 6753 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
2.    Financial Statement Schedules
Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is provided in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
3.    Exhibits
Exhibit
Number
 Description
   
3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 7, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
3.2 Amended and Restated By-Laws as amended and restated on April 5, 2007,of KB Home, filed as an exhibit to our QuarterlyCurrent Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 20078-K dated July 18, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
4.1 Rights Agreement between us and Mellon Investor Services LLC, as rights agent, dated January 22, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated January 28, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
4.2 Indenture and Supplemental Indenture relating to 5 3/4%our Senior Notes due 2014 among us, the Guarantors party thereto and Sun Trust Bank, Atlanta, each dated January 28, 2004, filed as exhibitsan exhibit to our Registration Statement No. 333-114761 on Form S-4, areis incorporated by reference herein.
  
4.3Third Supplemental Indenture relating to our Senior Notes by and between us, the Guarantors named therein, the Subsidiary Guarantor named therein and SunTrust Bank, dated as of May 1, 2006, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 3, 2006 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.4Fourth Supplemental Indenture relating to our Senior Notes by and between us, the Guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, dated as of November 9, 2006, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 13, 2006 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.5 Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated August 17, 2007, relating to our Senior Notes by and between us, the Guarantors named therein, and the Trustee, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 22, 2007 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
4.64.4 Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 30, 2012, relating to our Senior Notes by and between us, the Guarantors named therein, and the Trustee, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 2, 2012 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.74.5 
Seventh Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 11, 2013, relating to our Senior Notes by and among us, the Guarantors named therein, and the Trustee, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 11, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.8Specimen of 5 3/4% Senior Notes due 2014, filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement No. 333-114761 on Form S-4, is incorporated by reference herein.
4.9Specimen of 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 15, 2004 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.10Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 15, 2004 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.114.6 Specimen of 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 2, 2005 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
4.124.7 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 2, 2005 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  

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Exhibit
Number
Description
4.134.8 Specimen of 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 27, 2005 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
4.144.9 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 27, 2005 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
4.154.10 Specimen of 7 1/4% Senior Notes due 2018, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 3, 2006 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
4.164.11 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 7 1/4% Senior Notes due 2018, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 3, 2006 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  

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4.17
Exhibit
Number
Description
4.12 Specimen of 9.100% Senior Notes due 2017, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 30, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
4.184.13 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 9.100% Senior Notes due 2017, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 30, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.194.14 Specimen of 8.00% Senior Notes due 2020, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 7, 2012 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
4.204.15 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 8.00% Senior Notes due 2020, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 7, 2012 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.214.16 Specimen of 7.50% Senior Notes due 2022, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 31, 2012 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.224.17 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 7.50% Senior Notes due 2022, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 31, 2012 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.234.18 Form of officers’ certificate and guarantors’ officers’ certificates establishing the form and terms of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 29, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.244.19 Form of 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 29, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.254.20 Form of supplemental officers’ certificate and guarantors’ officers’ certificates establishing the form and terms of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.264.21 Eighth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 12, 2013, by and among us, the Guarantors party thereto, the Additional Guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.274.22 Specimen of 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 29, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
4.284.23 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 29, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.24Ninth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 28, 2014, by and among us, the Guarantors party thereto, the Additional Guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, filed as an exhibit to our Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to Form S-3 Registration Statement (No. 333-176930), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.25Specimen of 4.75% Senior Notes due 2019, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 25, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.26Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 4.75% Senior Notes due 2019, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 25, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.27Form of 7.625% Senior Notes due 2023, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 17, 2015 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.28Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 7.625% Senior Notes due 2023, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 17, 2015 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.

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Exhibit
Number
Description
   
10.1* Kaufman and Broad, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, effective as of July 11, 1985, filed as an exhibit to our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.2* Amendment to Kaufman and Broad, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan for amounts earned or vested on or after January 1, 2005, effective January 1, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.3* KB Home 1988 Employee Stock Plan, as amended and restated on October 2, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  

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Exhibit
Number
Description
10.4*Kaufman and Broad Home Corporation Directors’ Deferred Compensation Plan established effective as of July 27, 1989, filed as an exhibit to our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.5* KB Home Performance-Based Incentive Plan for Senior Management, as amended and restated on October 2, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.6*10.5* Form of Stock Option Agreement under KB Home Performance-Based Incentive Plan for Senior Management, filed as an exhibit to our 1995 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.7*KB Home 1998 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated on October 2, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.810.6 KB Home Directors’ Legacy Program, as amended January 1, 1999, filed as an exhibit to our 1998 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.910.7 Trust Agreement between Kaufman and Broad Home Corporation and Wachovia Bank, N.A. as Trustee, dated as of August 27, 1999, filed as an exhibit to our 1999 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
10.10*10.8* Amended and Restated KB Home 1999 Incentive Plan, as amended and restated on October 2, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.11*10.9* Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under our Amended and Restated 1999 Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.12*Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under our Amended and Restated 1999 Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.13*10.10* KB Home 2001 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated on October 2, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.14*10.11* Form of Stock Option Agreement under our 2001 Stock Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.15*Form of Stock Restriction Agreement under our 2001 Stock Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.16*10.12* KB Home Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan with respect to deferrals prior to January 1, 2005, effective March 1, 2001, filed as an exhibit to our 2001 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.17*10.13* KB Home Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan with respect to deferrals on and after January 1, 2005, effective January 1, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.18*10.14* KB Home Change in Control Severance Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.19*10.15* KB Home Death Benefit Only Plan, filed as an exhibit to our 2001 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.20*10.16* Amendment No. 1 to the KB Home Death Benefit Only Plan, effective as of January 1, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.21*10.17* KB Home Retirement Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.22*10.18* Employment Agreement of Jeffrey T. Mezger, dated February 28, 2007, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 6, 2007 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.23*10.19* Amendment to the Employment Agreement of Jeffrey T. Mezger, dated December 24, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  

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10.24*
Exhibit
Number
Description
10.20* Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Employment Agreement between us and Jeffrey T. Mezger dated as of February 28, 2007, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 18, 2007 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.

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Exhibit
Number
Description
  
10.25*10.21* Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated 1999 Incentive Plan for stock option grant to Jeffrey T. Mezger, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2007 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.26*10.22* Policy Regarding Stockholder Approval of Certain Severance Payments, adopted July 10, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 15, 2008 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.27*10.23* KB Home Executive Severance Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2008 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.28*Form of Fiscal Year 2009 Phantom Shares Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 8, 2008 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.29*KB Home Annual Incentive Plan for Executive Officers, filed as Attachment C to our Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.3010.24 Amendment to Trust Agreement by and between KB Home and Wachovia Bank, N.A., dated August 24, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.3110.25 Form of Indemnification Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 2, 2010 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.32*10.26* KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2010 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.33*10.27* Form of Stock Option Award Agreement under the KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 20, 2010 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.34*10.28* Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 20, 2010 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.35*Form of Fiscal Year 2011 Restricted Cash Award Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 13, 2010 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.36*10.29* KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement for performance stock option grant to Jeffrey T. Mezger, filed as an exhibit to our 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.37*10.30* Amendment to the KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2011 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.38*10.31* Executive Severance Benefit Decisions, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2011 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.3910.32 Consensual agreement effective June 10, 2011, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2011 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.40*Form of 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Performance Cash Award Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 12, 2011 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.41*10.33* KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement for performance stock option grant to Jeffrey T. Mezger, filed as an exhibit to our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
10.42*10.34* Form of KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
10.43*10.35* KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for performance-based restricted stock unit award to Jeffrey T. Mezger, filed as an exhibit to our 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
  
10.44*10.36* Form of KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
10.37*KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.38*Amendment to Amended and Restated KB Home 1999 Incentive Plan Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement, effective July 17, 2014, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.

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Exhibit
Number
 Description
10.39*Amendment to KB Home 2001 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement, effective July 17, 2014, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.40*Amendment to KB Home Performance Based Incentive Plan for Senior Management Stock Option Agreement, effective July 17, 2014, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.41*Form of Stock Option Agreement under the KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 14, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.42*Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 14, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.43*Form of Performance Cash Award Agreement under the KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 14, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.44*Form of Restricted Cash Award Agreement under the KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 14, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.45 Fourth Amended and Restated KB Home Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan, effective as of October 9, 2014, filed as an exhibit to our 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.46Amended and Restated Revolving Loan Agreement, dated as of March 12, 2013,August 7, 2015, among us, the banks party thereto, and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended MayAugust 31, 20132015 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
   
10.4610.47*† Amended and RestatedForm of Restricted Stock Agreement under the KB Home Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan, effective July 18, 2013, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.47†First Amendment to the Revolving Loan Agreement, dated as of November 19, 2013, among us, the banks party thereto, and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent.2014 Equity Incentive Plan.
   
12.1† Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
  
21† Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
  
23† Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
  
31.1† Certification of Jeffrey T. Mezger, President and Chief Executive Officer of KB Home Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  
31.2† Certification of Jeff J. Kaminski, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of KB Home Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
   
32.1† Certification of Jeffrey T. Mezger, President and Chief Executive Officer of KB Home Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
   
32.2† Certification of Jeff J. Kaminski, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of KB Home Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
   
101† The following materials from KB Home’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 30, 2013,2015, formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (a) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 2011,2013, (b) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years Ended November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 2011,2013, (c) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of November 30, 20132015 and 2012,2014, (d) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 2011,2013, (e) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 2011,2013, and (f) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement in which executive officers are eligible to participate.
† Document filed with this Form 10-K.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 KB Home
   
 By:
/S/    JEFF J. KAMINSKI        
  Jeff J. Kaminski
  Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: January 24, 201422, 2016 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Signature Title Date
/S/    JEFFREY T. MEZGER        
 
Director, President and
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
 January 24, 201422, 2016
Jeffrey T. Mezger   
   
/S/    JEFF J. KAMINSKI        
 
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
 January 24, 201422, 2016
Jeff J. Kaminski   
   
/S/    WILLIAM R. HOLLINGER        
 
Senior Vice President and
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
 January 24, 201422, 2016
William R. Hollinger   
   
/S/    STEPHEN F. BOLLENBACH        
 Chairman of the Board and Director January 24, 201422, 2016
Stephen F. Bollenbach
/S/    BARBARA T. ALEXANDER        
DirectorJanuary 24, 2014
Barbara T. Alexander   
   
/S/    TIMOTHY W. FINCHEM        
 Director January 24, 201422, 2016
Timothy W. Finchem   
     
/S/    THOMAS W. GILLIGAN      
 Director January 24, 201422, 2016
Thomas W. Gilligan   
   
/S/    KENNETH M. JASTROW, II        
 Director January 24, 201422, 2016
Kenneth M. Jastrow, II   
   
/S/    ROBERT L. JOHNSON        
 Director January 24, 201422, 2016
Robert L. Johnson   
   
/S/    MELISSA LORA        
 Director January 24, 201422, 2016
Melissa Lora   
   
/S/    MICHAEL G. MCCAFFERY        
s/    ROBERT L. PATTON JR.
 Director January 24, 201422, 2016
Michael G. McCafferyRobert L. Patton Jr.   
   
/S/    LUIS G. NOGALESMICHAEL M. WOOD         
 Director January 24, 201422, 2016
Luis G. NogalesMichael M. Wood   
 

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Table of Contents

LIST OF EXHIBITS FILED
Exhibit
Number
 Description 
Sequential
Page
Number
     
3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 7, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
3.2 Amended and Restated By-Laws as amended and restated on April 5, 2007,of KB Home, filed as an exhibit to our QuarterlyCurrent Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 20078-K dated July 18, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.1 Rights Agreement between us and Mellon Investor Services LLC, as rights agent, dated January 22, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated January 28, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.2 Indenture and Supplemental Indenture relating to 5 3/4%our Senior Notes due 2014 among us, the Guarantors party thereto and Sun Trust Bank, Atlanta, each dated January 28, 2004, filed as exhibitsan exhibit to our Registration Statement No. 333-114761 on Form S-4, areis incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.3Third Supplemental Indenture relating to our Senior Notes by and between us, the Guarantors named therein, the Subsidiary Guarantor named therein and SunTrust Bank, dated as of May 1, 2006, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 3, 2006 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.4Fourth Supplemental Indenture relating to our Senior Notes by and between us, the Guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, dated as of November 9, 2006, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 13, 2006 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.5 Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated August 17, 2007, relating to our Senior Notes by and between us, the Guarantors named therein, and the Trustee, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 22, 2007 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.64.4 Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 30, 2012, relating to our Senior Notes by and between us, the Guarantors named therein, and the Trustee, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 2, 2012 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
4.74.5 Seventh Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 11, 2013, relating to our Senior Notes by and among us, the Guarantors named therein, and the Trustee, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 11, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
4.8Specimen of 5 3/4% Senior Notes due 2014, filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement No. 333-114761 on Form S-4, is incorporated by reference herein.
4.9Specimen of 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 15, 2004 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.10Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 15, 2004 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.114.6 Specimen of 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 2, 2005 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.124.7 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 2, 2005 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.134.8 Specimen of 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 27, 2005 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.144.9 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 6 1/4% Senior Notes due 2015, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 27, 2005 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.154.10 Specimen of 7 1/4% Senior Notes due 2018, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 3, 2006 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    

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Table of Contents

Exhibit
Number
Description
Sequential
Page
Number
4.164.11 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 7 1/4% Senior Notes due 2018, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 3, 2006 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.174.12 Specimen of 9.100% Senior Notes due 2017, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 30, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.184.13 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 9.100% Senior Notes due 2017, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 30, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
4.194.14 Specimen of 8.00% Senior Notes due 2020, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 7, 2012 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
4.204.15 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 8.00% Senior Notes due 2020, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 7, 2012 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
4.214.16 Specimen of 7.50% Senior Notes due 2022, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 31, 2012 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     

111



4.22
Exhibit
Number
Description
Sequential
Page
Number
4.17 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 7.50% Senior Notes due 2022, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 31, 2012 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
4.234.18 Form of officers’ certificate and guarantors’ officers’ certificates establishing the form and terms of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 29, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
4.244.19 Form of 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 29, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
4.254.20 Form of supplemental officers’ certificate and guarantors’ officers’ certificates establishing the form and terms of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
4.264.21 Eighth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 12, 2013, by and among us, the Guarantors party thereto, the Additional Guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
4.274.22 Specimen of 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 29, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
4.284.23 Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2021, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 29, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.24Ninth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 28, 2014, by and among us, the Guarantors party thereto, the Additional Guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, filed as an exhibit to our Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to Form S-3 Registration Statement (No. 333-176930), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.25Specimen of 4.75% Senior Notes due 2019, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 25, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.26Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 4.75% Senior Notes due 2019, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 25, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.27Form of 7.625% Senior Notes due 2023, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 17, 2015 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
4.28Form of officers’ certificates and guarantors’ certificates establishing the terms of the 7.625% Senior Notes due 2023, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 17, 2015 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
10.1* Kaufman and Broad, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, effective as of July 11, 1985, filed as an exhibit to our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.2* Amendment to Kaufman and Broad, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan for amounts earned or vested on or after January 1, 2005, effective January 1, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.3* KB Home 1988 Employee Stock Plan, as amended and restated on October 2, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.4* Kaufman and Broad Home Corporation Directors’ Deferred Compensation Plan established effective as of July 27, 1989, filed as an exhibit to our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.

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Table of Contents

Exhibit
Number
Description
Sequential
Page
Number
10.5*KB Home Performance-Based Incentive Plan for Senior Management, as amended and restated on October 2, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.6*10.5* Form of Stock Option Agreement under KB Home Performance-Based Incentive Plan for Senior Management, filed as an exhibit to our 1995 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    

112



10.7*
Exhibit
Number
 KB Home 1998 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated on October 2, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.Description 
Sequential
Page
Number
     
10.810.6 KB Home Directors’ Legacy Program, as amended January 1, 1999, filed as an exhibit to our 1998 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.910.7 Trust Agreement between Kaufman and Broad Home Corporation and Wachovia Bank, N.A. as Trustee, dated as of August 27, 1999, filed as an exhibit to our 1999 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
10.10*10.8* Amended and Restated KB Home 1999 Incentive Plan, as amended and restated on October 2, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.11*10.9* Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under our Amended and Restated 1999 Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.12*Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under our Amended and Restated 1999 Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.13*10.10* KB Home 2001 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated on October 2, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.14*10.11* Form of Stock Option Agreement under our 2001 Stock Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.15*Form of Stock Restriction Agreement under our 2001 Stock Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.16*10.12* KB Home Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan with respect to deferrals prior to January 1, 2005, effective March 1, 2001, filed as an exhibit to our 2001 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.17*10.13* KB Home Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan with respect to deferrals on and after January 1, 2005, effective January 1, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.18*10.14* KB Home Change in Control Severance Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.19*10.15* KB Home Death Benefit Only Plan, filed as an exhibit to our 2001 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.20*10.16* Amendment No. 1 to the KB Home Death Benefit Only Plan, effective as of January 1, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.21*10.17* KB Home Retirement Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.22*10.18* Employment Agreement of Jeffrey T. Mezger, dated February 28, 2007, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 6, 2007 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    

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Exhibit
Number
Description
Sequential
Page
Number
10.23*10.19* Amendment to the Employment Agreement of Jeffrey T. Mezger, dated December 24, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.24*10.20* Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Employment Agreement between us and Jeffrey T. Mezger dated as of February 28, 2007, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 18, 2007 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.25*10.21* Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated 1999 Incentive Plan for stock option grant to Jeffrey T. Mezger, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2007 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.26*10.22* Policy Regarding Stockholder Approval of Certain Severance Payments, adopted July 10, 2008, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 15, 2008 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.27*10.23* KB Home Executive Severance Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2008 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    

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10.28*
Exhibit
Number
 Form of Fiscal Year 2009 Phantom Shares Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 8, 2008 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.Description 
Sequential
Page
Number
     
10.29*KB Home Annual Incentive Plan for Executive Officers, filed as Attachment C to our Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.3010.24 Amendment to Trust Agreement by and between KB Home and Wachovia Bank, N.A., dated August 24, 2009, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2009 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.3110.25 Form of Indemnification Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 2, 2010 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.32*10.26* KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2010 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.33*10.27* Form of Stock Option Award Agreement under the KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 20, 2010 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.34*10.28* Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 20, 2010 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.35*Form of Fiscal Year 2011 Restricted Cash Award Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 13, 2010 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.36*10.29* KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement for performance stock option grant to Jeffrey T. Mezger, filed as an exhibit to our 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.37*10.30* Amendment to the KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2011 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.38*10.31* Executive Severance Benefit Decisions, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2011 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.3910.32 Consensual agreement effective June 10, 2011, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2011 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.40*Form of 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Performance Cash Award Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 12, 2011 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.

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Exhibit
Number
Description
Sequential
Page
Number
10.41*10.33* KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement for performance stock option grant to Jeffrey T. Mezger, filed as an exhibit to our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
10.42*10.34* Form of KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
10.43*10.35* KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for performance-based restricted stock unit award to Jeffrey T. Mezger, filed as an exhibit to our 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
    
10.44*10.36* Form of KB Home 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, filed as an exhibit to our 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
10.37*KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.38*Amendment to Amended and Restated KB Home 1999 Incentive Plan Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement, effective July 17, 2014, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.39*Amendment to KB Home 2001 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement, effective July 17, 2014, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.40*Amendment to KB Home Performance Based Incentive Plan for Senior Management Stock Option Agreement, effective July 17, 2014, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.41*Form of Stock Option Agreement under the KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 14, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.

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Exhibit
Number
Description
Sequential
Page
Number
10.42*Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 14, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.43*Form of Performance Cash Award Agreement under the KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 14, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.44*Form of Restricted Cash Award Agreement under the KB Home 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 14, 2014 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.45 Fourth Amended and Restated KB Home Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan, effective as of October 9, 2014, filed as an exhibit to our 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.46Amended and Restated Revolving Loan Agreement, dated as of March 12, 2013,August 7, 2015, among us, the banks party thereto, and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended MayAugust 31, 20132015 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.  
     
10.4610.47*† Amended and RestatedForm of Restricted Stock Agreement under the KB Home Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan, effective July 18, 2013, filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2013 (File No. 001-09195), is incorporated by reference herein.
10.47†First Amendment to the Revolving Loan Agreement, dated as of November 19, 2013, among us, the banks party thereto, and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent.2014 Equity Incentive Plan.  
     
12.1† Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.  
    
21† Subsidiaries of the Registrant.  
    
23† Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.  
    
31.1† Certification of Jeffrey T. Mezger, President and Chief Executive Officer of KB Home Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  
    
31.2† Certification of Jeff J. Kaminski, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of KB Home Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  
     
32.1† Certification of Jeffrey T. Mezger, President and Chief Executive Officer of KB Home Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  
    
32.2† Certification of Jeff J. Kaminski, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of KB Home Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  
    
101† 
The following materials from KB Home’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 30, 2013,2015, formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (a) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 2011,2013, (b) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years Ended November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 2011,2013, (c) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of November 30, 20132015 and 2012,2014, (d) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 2011,2013, (e) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended November 30, 2013, 20122015, 2014 and 2011,2013, and (f) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
  
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement in which executive officers are eligible to participate.
† Document filed with this Form 10-K.

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