FORM 10-K
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year endedFiscal Year Ended August 31, 20172019
or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition periodTransition Period from
Commission File Number 0-22496
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
OREGON | 93-0341923 | |||
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||
299 SW Clay Street, Suite 350, Portland, Oregon | 97201 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | |
(503) 224-9900
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (503) 224-9900
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
Class A Common Stock, $1.00 par value | SCHN | NASDAQ Global Select Market | ||
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging“emerging growth company"company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (check one)
Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |
Smaller reporting company | ☐ | Emerging growth company | ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates on February 28, 20172019 was $623,145,280.
The registrant had 26,862,56926,465,063 shares of Class A common stock, par value of $1.00 per share, and 200,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value of $1.00 per share, outstanding as of October 20, 2017.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the January 20182020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE | |||||
1 | |||||
Item | 2 | ||||
Item 1A | 12 | ||||
Item 1B | 22 | ||||
Item | 23 | ||||
Item 3 | 24 | ||||
Item 4 | 25 | ||||
Item 5 | 26 | ||||
Item 6 | 28 | ||||
Item 7 | 29 | ||||
Item 7A | 47 | ||||
Item 8 | 48 | ||||
Item 9 | 88 | ||||
Item 9A | 88 | ||||
Item 9B | 88 | ||||
Item 10 | 89 | ||||
Item 11 | 90 | ||||
Item 12 | 90 | ||||
Item 13 | 90 | ||||
Item 14 | 90 | ||||
Item 15 | 91 | ||||
Item 16 | 94 | ||||
95 | |||||
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Statements and information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K by Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. (the “Company”) that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are made pursuant to the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Except as noted herein or as the context may otherwise require, all references to “we,” “our,” “us,” “the Company” and “SSI” refer to the CompanySchnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K include statements regarding future events or our expectations, intentions, beliefs and strategies regarding the future, which may include statements regarding trends, cyclicality and changes in the markets we sell into; the Company'sCompany’s outlook, growth initiatives or expected results or objectives, including pricing, margins, sales volumes and profitability; strategic direction or goals; targets; changes to manufacturing and production processes; the cost of and the status of any agreements or actions related to our compliance with environmental and other laws; expected tax rates, deductions and credits;credits and the impact of federal tax reform; the impact of sanctions and tariffs, quotas and other trade actions and import restrictions; the realization of deferred tax assets; planned capital expenditures; liquidity positions; our ability to generate cash from continuing operations; the potential impact of adopting new accounting pronouncements; obligations under our retirement plans; benefits, savings or additional costs from business realignment, cost containment and productivity improvement programs; and the adequacy of accruals.
Forward-looking statements by their nature address matters that are, to different degrees, uncertain, and often contain words such as “outlook,” “target,” “aim,” “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “assumes,” “estimates,” “evaluates,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “opinions,” “forecasts,” “projects,” “plans,” “future,” “forward,” “potential,” “probable,” and similar expressions. However, the absence of these words or similar expressions does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.
We may make other forward-looking statements from time to time, including in reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, press releases, presentations and on public conference calls. All forward-looking statements we make are based on information available to us at the time the statements are made, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, except as may be required by law. Our business is subject to the effects of changes in domestic and global economic conditions and a number of other risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those included in, or implied by, such forward-looking statements. Some of these risks and uncertainties are discussed in "Item“Item 1A. Risk Factors"Factors” of Part I of this Form 10-K. Examples of these risks include: potential environmental cleanup costs related to the Portland Harbor Superfund site or other locations; the cyclicality and impact of general economic conditions; instabilitychanging conditions in international markets;global markets including the impact of sanctions and tariffs, quotas and other trade actions and import restrictions; volatile supply and demand conditions affecting prices and volumes in the markets for both our products and raw materials we purchase; imbalances in supply and demand conditions in the global steel industry; the impact of goodwill impairment charges; the impact of long-lived asset and cost and equity method investment impairment charges; inability to achieve or sustain the benefits from productivity, cost savings and restructuring initiatives; inability to realize or delays in realizing expected benefits from investments in technology; inability to renew facility leases; difficulties associated with acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses; customer fulfillment of their contractual obligations; increases in the relative value of the U.S. dollar; the impact of foreign currency fluctuations; potential limitations on our ability to access capital resources and existing credit facilities; restrictions on our business and financial covenants under our bank credit agreement; the impact of consolidation in the steel industry; inability to realize expected benefits from investments in technology; freight rates and the availability of transportation; the impact of equipment upgrades, equipment failures and facility damage on production; product liability claims; the impact of legal proceedings and legal compliance; the adverse impact of climate change; the impact of not realizing deferred tax assets; the impact of tax increases and changes in tax rules; the impact of one or more cybersecurity incidents; environmental compliance costs and potential environmental liabilities; inability to obtain or renew business licenses and permits or renew facility leases;permits; compliance with climate change and greenhouse gas emission laws and regulations; reliance on employees subject to collective bargaining agreements; and the impact of the underfunded status of multiemployer plans in which we participate.
1
/Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
General
Founded in 1906, Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. ("SSI"(“SSI”), an Oregon corporation, is one of North America’s largest recyclers of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal, including end-of-life vehicles, and a manufacturer of finished steel products. Worldwide demand for recycled scrap metal is driven primarily by steel production levels. Steellevels, as recycled scrap metal is the primary feedstock for steel mill production using electric arc furnace (“EAF”) technology relies on recycled scrap metal as its primary feedstock, and one of the raw materials utilized for steel manufacturing using blast furnace technology also uses recycled scrap metal for a portion of its raw materials.technology. Steel mills around the world, including those in the North American domestic market in which our own steel mill operates, are the primary end markets for our ferrous recycled scrap metal. Specialty steelmakers, foundries, refineries, smelters, wholesalers, and other recycled metal processors globally are the primary end markets for our nonferrous recycled scrap metal. Our steel mill in Oregon produces finished steel products using internally sourced recycled scrap metal as the primary raw material and sells to industrial customers primarily in North America.
SSI for any of the periods presented.
We utilize a variety of systems and technologies to process recycled metals ranging from iron and steel to aluminum, copper, brass, lead, stainless steel, zinc and zincother nonferrous metals for use in the manufacture of new or refined products. With scrap recycling facilities located in 23 States, Puerto Rico and Western Canada, we are well-positioned to efficiently collectacquire scrap metal throughout North America and deliver recycled metal products to customers around the world from our seven deep water ports, and also to our steel mill in Oregon. In fiscal 2017,2019, we sold our products to customers located in 2427 countries, including the United States ("(“U.S."”) and Canada, and we sold to external customers or delivered to our steel mill an aggregate of 3.64.3 million tons of ferrous recycled scrap metal and sold 585667 million pounds of nonferrous recycled scrap metal to external customers.
Our internal organizational and reporting structure includes two operating and reportable segments: the Auto and Metals Recycling (“AMR”) business and the Cascade Steel and Scrap (“CSS”) business.
AMR is our largest segment, representing 80% 78%of our total revenues from sales to external customers in fiscal 2017.2019. AMR generated 91%92% of its revenues in fiscal 20172019 from sales of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal, with the remainder generated primarily from retail auto parts and other sales. AMR'sAMR’s revenues from sales of recycled scrap metal, disaggregated by major product category, were 68%72% ferrous scrap metal and 32%28% nonferrous scrap metal in fiscal 2017. The remainder of our revenues from external scrap metal sales are generated by our2019. Our metals recycling operations reported within the CSS segment. The significant majorityalso generate revenue from external sales of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal processed by the CSS metals recycling operations is used by our steel mill to produce finished steel products, and a minority portion is sold to the export market.
CSS produces finished steel products such as rebar, wire rod, coiled rebar, merchant bar and other specialty products using ferrous recycled scrap metal primarily sourced internally from its metals recycling operations and other raw materials. CSS'sCSS’s finished steel products are primarily used in nonresidential and infrastructure construction in North America. In fiscal 2017,2019, CSS sold 496478 thousandshort tons of finished steel products.
| Auto Parts Stores | Metals Recycling Facilities(1) | Total Recycling Facilities | Large-Scale Shredders(2) | Deep Water Ports | Steel Facilities(3) | Segment | ||||||||
Northwest WA, OR, MT | 7 | 3 | 10 | 1 | 1 | — | AMR | |||||||
| — | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | CSS | ||||||||
Southwest and Hawaii CA, NV, UT, HI | 22 | 7 | 29 | 2 | 2 | — | AMR | |||||||
| — | — | — | — | — | 1 | CSS | ||||||||
Midwest and South IL, IN, OH, MO, KS, TX, AR | 15 | — | 15 | — | — | — | AMR | |||||||
Northeast MA, ME, NH, RI | 2 | 9 | 11 | 1 | 2 | — | AMR | |||||||
Southeast and Puerto Rico GA, AL, TN, FL, VA, PR | 3 | 16 | 19 | 1 | 1 | — | AMR | |||||||
Western Canada BC, AB | 4 | 4 | 8 | — | — | — | AMR | |||||||
| Total | 53 | 44 | 97 | 6 | 7 | 2 | ||||||||
In fiscal 2019, we implemented productivity initiatives aimed at delivering $35 million in annual benefits in order to mitigate the weaker price environment in the ferrous and nonferrous markets. We expect these benefits to be achieved through a numbercombination of production cost reduction, productivity improvement,efficiencies, reductions in selling, general and restructuring initiatives to more closely align our business with market conditions. The combined benefitadministrative expenses and increases in retail auto parts sales. We achieved approximately $30 million of the measures initiated since the beginning of fiscal 2015 represents atotal targeted annual improvement to operating performance of approximately $95 million. In fiscal 2017, we achieved approximately $95 million in combined benefits related to these measures, compared to approximately $78 million and $28 million of benefits in fiscal 2016 and 2015, respectively. In total, we have achieved approximately $1602019, with the full $35 million in combined annual benefits expected to operating performance since announcing the initial phase of these cost savings and productivity initiatives at the end ofbe achieved in fiscal 2012.
See Note 1816 – Segment Information in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report for a discussion of the primary activities of each reportable segment, total assets by reportable segment, operating results from continuing operations by reportable segment, revenues from external customers and concentration of sales to foreign countries.
2 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Tabular presentation of our active recycling and steel facilities by geographic region and segment is as follows:
|
| Auto Parts Stores |
|
| Metals Recycling Facilities(1) |
|
| Total Recycling Facilities |
|
| Large-Scale Shredders(2) |
|
| Deep Water Ports |
|
| Steel Facilities(3) |
|
| Segment | ||||||
Northwest |
|
| 7 |
|
|
| 3 |
|
|
| 10 |
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| — |
|
| AMR |
(WA, OR, MT) |
|
| — |
|
|
| 5 |
|
|
| 5 |
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| 1 |
|
| CSS |
Southwest and Hawaii |
|
| 22 |
|
|
| 7 |
|
|
| 29 |
|
|
| 2 |
|
|
| 2 |
|
|
| — |
|
| AMR |
(CA, NV, UT, HI) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1 |
|
| CSS |
Midwest and South (AR, IL, IN, OH, MO, KS, TX) |
|
| 14 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 14 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
| AMR |
Northeast (MA, ME, NH, RI) |
|
| 2 |
|
|
| 10 |
|
|
| 12 |
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| 2 |
|
|
| — |
|
| AMR |
Southeast and Puerto Rico (GA, AL, TN, FL, VA, PR) |
|
| 2 |
|
|
| 16 |
|
|
| 18 |
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| — |
|
| AMR |
Western Canada (BC, AB) |
|
| 4 |
|
|
| 4 |
|
|
| 8 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
| AMR |
Total |
|
| 51 |
|
|
| 45 |
|
|
| 96 |
|
|
| 6 |
|
|
| 7 |
|
|
| 2 |
|
|
|
(1) | Excludes joint venture facilities. |
(2) | All large-scale shredding operations employ nonferrous extraction and separation equipment. |
(3) | Includes one steel mini-mill in Oregon and one distribution center in California. |
AMR
Business
AMR sells and brokers ferrous recycled scrap metal (containing iron) to foreign and domestic steel producers and nonferrous recycled scrap metal (not containing iron) toin both foreign and domestic markets. AMR buys, collects,acquires, processes and recycles autobodies,auto bodies, rail cars, home appliances, industrial machinery, manufacturing scrap and construction and demolition scrap through its 9291 auto and metals recycling facilities. Our largest source of autobodiesauto bodies is our own network of retail auto parts stores, which operate under the commercial brand-name Pick-n-Pull. AMR procures salvaged vehicles and sells serviceable used auto parts from these vehicles through its 5351 self-service auto parts stores located across the U.S. and Western Canada. Upon acquiring a salvaged vehicle, we remove catalytic converters, aluminum wheels and batteries for separate processing and sale prior to placing the vehicle in our retail lot. After retail customers have removed desired parts from a vehicle, we may remove remaining major component parts containing ferrous and nonferrous materials such as engines, transmissions and alternators,metals, which are primarily sold to wholesalers. The remaining autobodiesauto bodies are crushed and shipped to our metals recycling facilities to be shredded, or sold to third parties where geographically more economical.
AMR processes mixed and large pieces of scrap metal into smaller pieces by crushing, torching, shearing, shredding and sorting, resulting in scrap metal pieces of a size, density and metal content required by customers to meet their production needs. The manufacturing process includes physical separation of ferrous and nonferrous materials through automated and manual processes into various sub-classifications, each of which has a value and metal content of importance to differentused by our customers for their end products. One of the most efficient ways to process and sort recycled scrap metal is through the use of shredding and separation systems.
AMR operates six deep water port locations, five of which are equipped with large-scale shredders. AMR'sAMR’s largest port facilities in Everett, Massachusetts; Oakland, California; and Tacoma, Washington each operate a mega-shredder with 7,000 to 9,000 horsepower. Our port facilities in Salinas, Puerto Rico and Kapolei, Hawaii each operate a shredder with 1,500 to 6,000 horsepower.and 4,000 horsepower, respectively. Our port facility in Providence, Rhode Island does not operate a shredder.shredder, but exports ferrous recycled scrap metal acquired in the regional market. Our shredders are designed to provide a denser product and, in conjunction with advanced separation equipment, a more refined form of ferrous scrap metal which is used efficiently by steel mills in the production of new steel. The shredding process reduces autobodiesauto bodies and other scrap metal into fist-size pieces of shredded recycled scrap metal. The shredded material is then carried by conveyor under magnetized drums that attract the ferrous scrap metal and separate it from the mixed nonferrous scrap metal and other residue, found in the shredded material, resulting in a consistent and high-quality shredded ferrous product. The mixed nonferrous scrap metal and residue then pass through a series of additional mechanical sorting systems designed to separate the nonferrous metal from the residue.
3 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
The remaining mixed nonferrous metal is then further sorted by product and size grade before being sold.sold as joint products, which include zorba (primarily aluminum), zurik (primarily stainless steel) and shredded insulated wire (primarily copper and aluminum). AMR invests in nonferrous metal extraction and separation technologies in order to maximize the recoverability of valuable nonferrous metal.metal and to meet the metal purity requirements of customers. AMR also purchases nonferrous metal directly from industrial vendors and other suppliers and aggregates and prepares this metal for shipment to customers by ship, rail or truck.
In addition to the sale of recycled metal products processed at our facilities, AMR also brokers the sale of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal generated by industrial entities and demolition projects to customers in the domestic market.
Products
AMR’s primary products consist of recycled ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal. Ferrous recycled scrap metal is a key feedstock used in the production of finished steel and is largely categorized into heavy melting steel (“HMS”), plate and structural (“bonus”) and shredded scrap (“shred”), although there are various grades of each category depending on metal content and the size and consistency of individual pieces. These attributes affect the product’s relative value. Our nonferrous products include mixed metal joint products recovered from the shredding process, such as zorba, zurik and shredded insulated wire, as well as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, nickel, brass, titanium, lead, and high temperature alloysalloys. We also sell catalytic converters to specialty processors that extract the nonferrous precious metals including platinum, palladium and joint products such as zorba (primarily mixed aluminum nonferrous material) and zurik (predominantly stainless steel).
Prior to the shredding process, AMR sells serviceable used auto parts from salvaged vehicles through its self-service auto parts stores located across the U.S. and Western Canada. Each retail self-service store offers an extensive selection of vehicles (including domestic and foreign cars, vans and light trucks) from which customers can remove and purchase parts. We employ proprietary information technology systems to centrally manage and operate the geographically diverse network of auto parts stores, and we regularly rotate the inventory to provide customers with greater access to parts. In general, we believe the list prices of auto parts at our self-service stores are significantly lower than those offered at full-service auto dismantlers, retail car parts stores and car dealerships.
Customers
AMR sells its ferrous and nonferrous recycled metal products globally to steel mills, foundries, refineries, smelters, wholesalers and smelters. AMR'sother recycled metal processors. AMR’s self-service auto parts stores also serve retail customers seeking to obtain serviceable used auto parts at a competitive price. Retail customers remove the parts without the assistance of store employees and pay a listed price for the part. AMR also supplies a small portion of its scrap metal to CSS'sCSS’s shredding operation in Portland, Oregon, the substantial majority of which is processed and delivered to CSS'sCSS’s steel mill.
Presented below are AMR revenues by continent for the last three fiscal years ended August 31 (dollars in thousands):
|
| 2019 |
|
| % of Revenue |
|
| 2018 |
|
| % of Revenue |
|
| 2017 |
|
| % of Revenue |
| ||||||
North America(1) |
| $ | 664,308 |
|
|
| 40 | % |
| $ | 736,494 |
|
|
| 39 | % |
| $ | 571,620 |
|
|
| 42 | % |
Asia |
|
| 767,670 |
|
|
| 46 | % |
|
| 834,038 |
|
|
| 44 | % |
|
| 593,332 |
|
|
| 44 | % |
Europe(2) |
|
| 206,851 |
|
|
| 12 | % |
|
| 298,725 |
|
|
| 16 | % |
|
| 167,576 |
|
|
| 12 | % |
South America |
|
| 42,084 |
|
|
| 3 | % |
|
| 25,277 |
|
|
| 1 | % |
|
| 19,158 |
|
|
| 1 | % |
Africa |
|
| 4,064 |
|
|
| 0 | % |
|
| 14,432 |
|
|
| 1 | % |
|
| 11,932 |
|
|
| 1 | % |
Intercompany sales to CSS |
|
| (11,612 | ) |
|
| (1 | )% |
|
| (24,892 | ) |
|
| (1 | )% |
|
| (15,647 | ) |
|
| (1 | )% |
Total (net of intercompany) |
| $ | 1,673,365 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 1,884,074 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 1,347,971 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 2017 | % of Revenue | 2016 | % of Revenue | 2015 | % of Revenue | |||||||||||||||
North America(1) | $ | 571,620 | 42 | % | $ | 429,997 | 41 | % | $ | 612,275 | 41 | % | ||||||||
| Asia | 593,332 | 44 | % | 433,415 | 41 | % | 586,519 | 40 | % | |||||||||||
Europe(2) | 167,576 | 12 | % | 174,038 | 17 | % | 233,970 | 16 | % | |||||||||||
| Africa | 11,932 | 1 | % | — | — | % | 61,568 | 4 | % | |||||||||||
| South America | 19,158 | 1 | % | 23,142 | 2 | % | 18,983 | 1 | % | |||||||||||
| Intercompany sales to CSS | (15,647 | ) | (1 | )% | (12,081 | ) | (1 | )% | (33,029 | ) | (2 | )% | ||||||||
| Total (net of intercompany) | $ | 1,347,971 | $ | 1,048,511 | $ | 1,480,286 | ||||||||||||||
(1) | |
Includes intercompany sales to CSS. |
(2) | |
Includes sales to customers in Turkey. |
In fiscal 2017,2019, the five countries from which AMR derived its largest revenues from external customers were the United States, China,Bangladesh, Turkey, Bangladesh,Vietnam, and India,South Korea which collectively accounted for 81%76% of total AMR external revenues.revenues. In fiscal 20162018 and 2015,2017, the five countries from which AMR derived its largest revenues from external customers accounted for 85%75% and 81%, respectively, of total AMR external revenue.revenues. We generally attribute revenues from external customers to individual countries based on the country in which the customer takes delivery of the goods.
AMR’s five largest external ferrous scrap metal customers accounted for 31%37% of external recycled ferrous metal revenues in fiscal 2017,2019, compared to 37%33% and 33%31% in fiscal 20162018 and 2015, 2017, respectively. AMR had no external customers that accounted for 10% or more of consolidated revenues in fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015. 2019, 2018 or 2017.
4 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Total sales volumes of ferrous scrap metal vary from year-to-year due to the level of demand, availability of supply, general economic growth,conditions, infrastructure spending, relative currency values, availability of credit and other factors. Ferrous scrap metal sales are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars, and nearly all of theour large shipments of ferrous scrap metal to foreign customers arehave historically been supported by letters of credit.
The table below sets forth, on a revenue and volume basis, the amount of recycled ferrous scrap metal sold by AMR to foreign and domestic customers, including sales to CSS, during the last three fiscal years ended August 31:
Ferrous Recycled Metal |
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| |||||||||||||||
|
| Revenues(1) |
|
| Volume(2) |
|
| Revenues(1) |
|
| Volume(2) |
|
| Revenues(1) |
|
| Volume(2) |
| ||||||
Foreign |
| $ | 824,596 |
|
|
| 2,475 |
|
| $ | 959,001 |
|
|
| 2,623 |
|
| $ | 608,339 |
|
|
| 2,197 |
|
Domestic |
|
| 298,584 |
|
|
| 1,265 |
|
|
| 329,286 |
|
|
| 1,085 |
|
|
| 234,883 |
|
|
| 948 |
|
Total |
| $ | 1,123,180 |
|
|
| 3,740 |
|
| $ | 1,288,287 |
|
|
| 3,708 |
|
| $ | 843,222 |
|
|
| 3,145 |
|
| Ferrous Recycled Metal | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||||
Revenues(1) | Volume(2) | Revenues(1) | Volume(2) | Revenues(1) | Volume(2) | |||||||||||||||
| Foreign | $ | 608,339 | 2,197 | $ | 452,242 | 2,040 | $ | 653,440 | 2,183 | |||||||||||
| Domestic | 234,883 | 948 | 173,275 | 859 | 280,617 | 1,003 | ||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 843,222 | 3,145 | $ | 625,517 | 2,899 | $ | 934,057 | 3,186 | |||||||||||
(1) | |
Revenues stated in thousands of dollars. |
(2) | |
Volume stated in thousands of long tons (one long ton = 2,240 pounds). |
The table below sets forth, on a revenue and volume basis, the amount of recycled nonferrous scrap metal sold by AMR to foreign and domestic customers during the last three fiscal years ended August 31:
Nonferrous Recycled Metal |
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| |||||||||||||||
|
| Revenues(1) |
|
| Volume(2) |
|
| Revenues(1) |
|
| Volume(2) |
|
| Revenues(1) |
|
| Volume(2) |
| ||||||
Foreign |
| $ | 222,752 |
|
|
| 363,096 |
|
| $ | 264,628 |
|
|
| 357,389 |
|
| $ | 216,362 |
|
|
| 319,629 |
|
Domestic |
|
| 207,609 |
|
|
| 245,198 |
|
|
| 217,149 |
|
|
| 214,316 |
|
|
| 178,615 |
|
|
| 221,162 |
|
Total |
| $ | 430,361 |
|
|
| 608,294 |
|
| $ | 481,777 |
|
|
| 571,705 |
|
| $ | 394,977 |
|
|
| 540,791 |
|
| Nonferrous Recycled Metal | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||||
Revenues(1) | Volume(2) | Revenues(1) | Volume(2) | Revenues(1) | Volume(2) | |||||||||||||||
| Foreign | $ | 216,362 | 319,629 | $ | 186,989 | 290,430 | $ | 260,209 | 326,059 | |||||||||||
| Domestic | 178,615 | 221,162 | 143,362 | 183,307 | 189,606 | 213,791 | ||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 394,977 | 540,791 | $ | 330,351 | 473,737 | $ | 449,815 | 539,850 | |||||||||||
(1) | |
Revenues stated in thousands of dollars. |
(2) | |
Volume stated in thousands of pounds and volume information excludes |
AMR’s retail auto parts sales accountaccounted for less than 10% of SSI'sSSI’s consolidated revenues in alleach of the periods presented.
Pricing
Domestic and foreign prices for ferrous and nonferrous recycled scrap metal are generally based on prevailing market rates, which differ by region, and are subject to market cycles that are influenced by worldwide demand from steel and other metal producers as well as by the availability of materials that can be processed into saleable scrap metal, among other factors. Sanctions and trade actions, including tariffs, quotas and restrictions or bans on access to certain markets and licensing and inspection requirements can also impact pricing for the affected products. Ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal export sales contracts generally provide for shipment within
AMR responds to changes in selling prices for processed metal by seeking to adjust purchase prices for unprocessed scrap metal in order to manage the impact on its operating income. The spread between selling prices and the cost of purchased materialscrap metal (metal spread) is subject to a number of factors, including differences in the market conditions between the domestic regions where unprocessed scrap metal is acquired and the areas in the world to which the processed materialsmetals are sold, market volatility from the time the selling price is agreed upon with the customer until the time the unprocessed materialscrap metal is purchased, and changes in the estimated costs of transportation to the customer's facility.costs. We believe AMR generally benefits from sustained periods of stable or rising recycled scrap metal selling prices, which allow it to better maintain or increase both operating income and unprocessed scrap metal flow into its facilities. When recycled scrap metal selling prices decline, particularly for a sustained period, AMR'sAMR’s operating margins typically compress.
The sales prices for auto parts from salvaged vehicles are deeply discounted from prevailing national new and refurbished sales prices offered at full-service auto dismantlers, retail carauto parts stores and car dealerships. Our stores provide a list price, available at each location and online. Prices for autobodiesauto bodies sold to third parties and for major component parts, such as engines, transmissions and alternators sold to wholesalers, are based on prevailing scrap market rates which differ by region and are subject to market cycles. Prices for catalytic converters sold to third-party processors are based on prevailing market rates for the extracted metals.precious metals including platinum, palladium and rhodium. By consolidating shipments of auto bodies and component parts, and autobodies, we are able to optimize prices by focusing on larger wholesale customers that pay a premium for volume and consistency of shipments.
5 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Markets
Global production of finished steel products drives demand for materials used in the steel-making process, including ferrous recycled scrap metal which is the primary feedstock used in EAFs and can also be used in blast furnaces to manufacture steel. AMR exports ferrous recycled scrap metal primarily to countries in Asia, the Mediterranean region and North, Central and South America. Ferrous exports made up approximately66%, 71% and 70% of AMR'sAMR’s total ferrous sales volume in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, 2016, and 2015. In fiscal 2017, the combination of improved U.S. and global economic growth and lower Chinese steel exports driven by higher domestic demand and reductions in less efficient steel-making capacity contributed to improved demand and prices for ferrous recycled scrap metal. respectively. We believe long-term demand for recycled metals will continue to be driven by factors including global economic growth and an increased focus on environmental policies promoting natural resource conservation, lower greenhouse gas emissions and lower energy costs. We believe the significant environmental benefits and production efficiencies associated with EAF steel-making, which uses scrap metal as a primary raw material, compared to blast furnace steel-making, which primarily uses iron ore mined from natural resources, will positively contribute to worldwide long-term demand for ferrous recycled scrap metal.
Nonferrous exports made up approximately 60%, 63% and 59% of AMR’s total nonferrous sales volumes in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, 2016respectively. The substantial majority of AMR’s nonferrous joint products recovered from the shredding process are sold to the export market and 2015. comprise in the range of 40% to 45% of AMR’s total nonferrous sales volumes. China and the U.S. havehas historically been the largest sales destinations in the nonferrous markets, unlike the ferrous market which is highly diversified with no single country other than the U.S. being the dominantprimary destination for our products from yearnonferrous exports, representing 39%, 64% and 76% of AMR’s total nonferrous export sales volumes in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The concentration of AMR’s combined nonferrous exports to year.
Distribution
AMR delivers recycled ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal to foreign customers by ship and to domestic customers by barge, rail and road transportation networks. Cost efficiencies are achieved by operating deep water terminal facilities in Everett, Massachusetts; Oakland, California; Tacoma, Washington; and Providence, Rhode Island, all of which are owned, except for the Providence, Rhode Island facility which is operated under a long-term lease. We also have access to deep water terminal facilities at Kapolei, Hawaii and Salinas, Puerto Rico through public docks. AMR'sThe use of deep water terminals enableenables us to load ferrous material in large vessels capable of holding up to 50,000 tons for trans-oceanic shipments. Additionally, because we own mostWe believe the use of theour owned and leased terminal facilities at which we operate, AMR is not normally subjectadvantageous because it allows us to more effectively manage loading costs and minimize the same berthing delays often experienced by users of unaffiliated terminals. We believe that AMR’s loading costs are lower than at terminal facilities operated by third parties. From time to time, AMR may enter into contracts of affreightment, which guarantee the availability of ocean going vessels, in order to manage the risks associated with ship availability and freight costs.
Our nonferrous products are shipped in 20- to 30-ton capacity containers which hold 20 to 30 tons, from container ports and rail ramps located in close proximity to our recycling facilities. Containerized shipments are exported by marine vessels to customers globally, and domestic shipments are typically shipped to customers by rail or by truck.
AMR sells used auto parts from its self-service retail stores. OnceBoth before and after retail customers have pulled desirableremoved desired parts from the vehicle,acquired salvaged vehicles, we remove otherextract and consolidate certain valuable ferrous and nonferrous parts which are consolidated and shippedcomponents from auto bodies for shipment by truck primarily to wholesale customerscustomers. We also remove and collect catalytic converters from salvaged vehicles for shipment by truck.truck to specialty processers which extract the nonferrous precious metals. The salvaged autobodiesauto bodies are crushed and shipped by truck to our metals recycling facilities where geographically feasible, or to third-party recyclers, for shredding.
Sources of Unprocessed Metal
The most common forms of purchased unprocessed metal are obsolete machinery and equipment, such as automobiles, railroad cars, railroad tracks, home appliances and other consumer goods, waste metal from manufacturing operations and demolition metal from buildings and other infrastructure. Unprocessed metal is acquired from a diverse base of suppliers who unload at our facilities, from drop boxes at suppliers’ industrial sites, and through negotiated purchases from other large suppliers, including railroads, manufacturers, automobile salvage facilities, metal dealers, various government entities and individuals. We typically seek to locate our retail auto parts stores in major population centers with convenient road access. Our auto parts store network spans 15 states in the U.S. and two provinces in Western Canada, with a majority of the stores concentrated in regions where our large shredders are located. Through our network of auto parts stores, we seek to obtain salvaged vehicles from five primary sources: private parties, tow companies, charities, auto auctions and municipal and other contracts. AMR has a program to purchase vehicles from private parties called “Cash for Junk Cars” which is advertised in local markets. Private parties either call a toll-free number and receive a quote for their vehicle or obtain an instant online quote. The private party can either deliver the vehicle to one of our retail locations or arrange for the vehicle to be picked up. AMR also employs car buyers who travel to vendors and bid on vehicles. Further, AMR enters into limited duration contracts with public entities and other third parties for vehicle dismantling and disposal services, which provide a source of low-cost salvage vehicles. The expiration of such contracts may lead us to seek alternative sources of vehicles, potentially at a higher cost.
6 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
The majority of AMR’s scrap metal collection and processing facilities receive unprocessed metal via major railroad routes, waterways or highways. Metals recycling facilities situated near industrial manufacturing and major transportation routes have the competitive advantage of reduced freight costs because of the significant cost of freight relative to the cost of metal. The locations of AMR’s West Coast facilities provide access to sources of unprocessed metal in the Northern California region, northward to Western Canada and Alaska, and to the East, including Idaho, Montana, Utah, Colorado and Nevada. The locations of the East Coast facilities provide access to sources of unprocessed metal in New York, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont, Eastern Canada and, from time to time, the Midwest. In the Southeastern U.S., approximately half of AMR’s ferrous and nonferrous unprocessed metal volume is purchased from industrial companies, including auto manufacturers, with the remaining volume being purchased from smaller dealers and individuals. These industrial companies provide AMR with metals that are by-products of their manufacturing processes.
The supply of scrap metal from these various sources can fluctuate with the level of economic activity in the U.S. and can be sensitive to variability in scrap metal prices, particularly in the short term. The supply of scrap metal can also fluctuate, to a lesser degree, due to seasonal factors, such as severe weather conditions, which can inhibit scrap metal collections at our facilities and production levels in our yards. Severe weather conditions can also adversely impact the timing of shipments of our products, the level of manufacturing activity utilizing our products, and retail admissions at our auto parts stores.
Backlog
As of September 30, 2017,2019, AMR had a backlog of orders to sell $96$104 million of export ferrous metal compared to $55$86 million at the same time in the prior year primarily due to increased selling prices and the timing of sales. Additionally, as of September 30, 2017,2019, AMR had a backlog of orders to sell $34$28 million of export nonferrous metal compared to $27$34 million at the same time in the prior year primarily due to increasedreflecting lower average selling prices.prices. We expect to fill the entirety of the backlog of orders for export ferrous and nonferrous metal during fiscal 2018.
Competition
AMR competes in the U.S. and in Western Canada for the purchase of scrap metal with large, well-financed recyclers of scrap metal, steel mills that own scrap yards, and with smaller metalmetals facilities and dealers. AMR'sAMR’s auto stores compete for the purchase of end-of-life vehicles with other auto dismantlers, used car dealers, auto auctions and metalmetals recyclers. In general, the competitive factors impacting the purchase of scrap metal and end-of-life vehicles are the price offered by the purchaser, and the proximity of the purchaser to the source of scrap metal and end-of-life vehicles.vehicles, and the purchaser’s ability to efficiently collect the scrap metal and end-of-life vehicles from certain suppliers’ locations. AMR also competes with brokers that buy scrap metal on behalf of domestic and foreign steel mills.
Demand for AMR’s products is cyclical in nature and sensitive to general economic conditions and other factors. AMR competes globally for the sale of processed recycled metal to finished steel and other metal product producers. The predominant competitive factors that impact recycled metal sales are price (including duties and shipping cost), reliability of service, product quality, the relative value of the U.S. dollar and the availability and price of raw material alternatives, including scrap metal substitutes such as pig iron and direct-reduced iron (both derived from iron ore), and semi-finished products, such as steel billets. CommencingOur ability to compete in fiscal 2012certain export markets may be impacted by sanctions and spanning through the first halftrade actions, such as tariffs, quotas and other import restrictions, and by licensing and inspection requirements. Such restrictions may require us to perform additional processing and packaging of fiscal 2016, low-priced steel billets using iron ore as their primary raw material contributed to lowercertain nonferrous recycled scrap metal demandproducts, as well as engage in increased inspection and prices. These challenging market conditions ledcertification activities, in order to an industry trend of reductions in capacity through idling of equipment and curtailment of operations, including by large and well-capitalized companies, while a number of smaller competitors consolidated or exitedcontinue selling into the scrap market due to the protracted cyclical downturn. In fiscal 2015, we idled a large-scale shredder in Johnston, Rhode Island and another in Surrey, British Columbia, and in fiscal 2016, we idled a small shredder in Concord, New Hampshire to more closely align our business with the prevalent market conditions. Market conditions improved in fiscal 2017 mainly due to higher demand from steel manufacturers in the domestic and export markets resulting in higher selling prices for raw materials used in steel production and increased supply flows of scrap metal,
AMR also competes for the sale of used auto parts to retail customers with other self-service and full-service auto dismantlers. The auto parts industry is characterized by diverse and fragmented competition and comprises a large number of aftermarket and used auto parts suppliers of all sizes, ranging from large, multinational corporations which serve both original equipment manufacturers and the aftermarket on a worldwide basis to small, local entities which have more limited supply. The main competitive factors impacting the retail sale of auto parts are price, availability and visibility of product, quality and convenience of the retail stores to customers.
AMR’s ability to process substantial volumes of scrap metal products, advanced processing equipment, number and geographic dispersion of locations, access to a variety of different modes of transportation, geographic dispersion and the operating synergies of its integrated platform provide its business with the ability to compete successfully in varying market conditions.
7 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
CSS
Business
CSS operates a steel mini-mill in McMinnville, Oregon that produces a range of finished steel long products such as reinforcing bar (rebar) and wire rod. The primary feedstock for the manufacture of its products is ferrous recycled scrap metal. CSS'sCSS’s steel mill obtains substantially all of its scrap metal raw material requirements from its integrated metals recycling and joint venture operations. CSS'sCSS’s metals recycling operations are comprised ofcomprise a collection, shredding and export operation in Portland, Oregon, four feeder yard operations located in Oregon and Southern Washington, and one metals recycling joint venture ownership interest. Additionally, CSS purchases small volumes of ferrous scrap metal from AMR and sells ferrous and nonferrous recycled scrap metal primarily into the export market. CSS'sCSS’s revenues from external sales of recycled scrap metal account for less than 10% of SSI's SSI’s consolidated revenues in all of the periods presented.
Manufacturing
CSS’s melt shop includes an EAF, a ladle refining furnace with enhanced steel chemistry refining capabilities, and a five-strand continuous billet caster, permitting the mill to produce special alloy grades of steel not currently produced by other mills on the West Coast of the U.S. The melt shop produced 537 thousand, 561 thousandand 489 thousand
Our steel mill has an operating permit issued under Title V of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, which governs certain air quality standards. The permit is based uponon an annual production capacity of approximately 950 thousand tons. The permit was first issued in 1998 and has since been renewed through February 1, 2018. The permit renewal process occurs every five years, and the renewal process is underway forunderway; however, the nextexisting permit is extended by administrative rule until the current renewal period.
Products
CSS produces semi-finished goods (billets) and finished goods, consisting of rebar, coiled rebar, wire rod, merchant bar and other specialty products. Semi-finished goods are predominantly used for CSS’s finished products, but also have been produced for sale to other steel mills. Rebar is produced in either straight length steel bars or coils and used to increase the strength of poured concrete. Coiled rebar is preferred by some manufacturers because it reduces the waste generated by cutting individual lengths to meet customer specifications and, therefore, improves yield. Wire rod is steel rod, delivered in coiled form, used by manufacturers to produce a variety of products such as chain link fencing, nails, wire, stucco netting, and pre-stressed concrete strand. Merchant bar consists of rounds and square steel bars used by manufacturers to produce a wide variety of products, including bolts, threaded bars, and dowel bars. CSS is also certified to produce high-quality rebar to support nuclear power plant construction and has a license to produce certain patented high-strength specialty steels.
The table below sets forth, on a revenue and volume basis, the salesamount of finished steel products sold by CSS during the last three fiscal years ended August 31:
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| |||||||||||||||
|
| Revenues(1) |
|
| Volume(2) |
|
| Revenues(1) |
|
| Volume(2) |
|
| Revenues(1) |
|
| Volume(2) |
| ||||||
Finished steel products |
| $ | 358,851 |
|
|
| 477,511 |
|
| $ | 363,849 |
|
|
| 519,162 |
|
| $ | 280,206 |
|
|
| 495,516 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues(1) | Volume(2) | Revenues(1) | Volume(2) | Revenues(1) | Volume(2) | |||||||||||||||
| Finished steel products | $ | 280,206 | 495,516 | $ | 269,355 | 488,212 | $ | 363,795 | 539,984 | |||||||||||
(1) | |
Revenues stated in thousands of dollars. |
(2) | |
Volume stated in short tons (one short ton = 2,000 pounds). |
The metals recycling operations within CSS produce substantially the same recycled scrap metal products as those produced by the metals recycling operations within AMR and are exposed to similar market and competitive forces.
8 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Customers
CSS’s finished steel customers are primarily steel service centers, construction industry subcontractors, steel fabricators, wire drawers and major farm and wood products suppliers. During fiscal
The metals recycling operations within CSS also sell ferrous and nonferrous recycled metal products to external customers comprising primarily to steel mills, foundries, refineries, smelters and smeltersother recycled metal processors in Asia.
Pricing
CSS’s finished steel product prices differ by product size and grade. Selling prices are influenced by the price of raw materials, including the cost of recycled ferrous scrap metal and required consumables including graphite electrodes and alloys, as well as regional demand in the West Coast market. Selling prices for our finished steel products may also be affected by the price and availability of steel imports.
Distribution
CSS sells finished steel products directly from its mini-mill in McMinnville, Oregon and its owned distribution center in City of Industry, California (Los Angeles area). Finished steel products are shipped from the mini-mill to the distribution center primarily by rail. The distribution center facilitates sales by maintaining an inventory of products close to major customers for just-in-time delivery. CSS communicates regularly with major customers to determine their anticipated needs and plans its rolling mill production schedule accordingly. Finished steel shipments to customers are made by common carrier, primarily truck or rail.
CSS delivers recycled ferrous scrap metal to export customers by bulk ship using its deep water terminal facility in Portland, Oregon, and nonferrous recycled scrap metal to export customers in containers by ship.
Supply of Scrap Metal
We believe CSS operates the only mini-mill in the Western U.S. that obtains its scrap metal requirements from an integrated metals recycler. CSS'sCSS’s metals recycling operations provide its steel mill with a mix of recycled metal grades, which allows the mill to achieve optimum efficiency in its melting operations.
Energy Supply
CSS needs electricity to run its steel manufacturing operations, primarily its EAF. CSS purchases electricity under a long-term contract with McMinnville Water & Light (“MW&L”), which in turn relies on the Bonneville Power Administration (“BPA”).Administration. We entered into our current contract with MW&L in October 2011 that will expire in September 2028.
CSS’s steel manufacturing operations also need natural gas to run its reheat furnace, which is used to reheat billets prior to running them through the rolling mill. CSS meets this demand through a natural gas agreement with a utility provider that obligates CSS at each month-end to purchase a volume of gas based on its projected needs for the immediately subsequent month on a take-or-pay basis priced using published natural gas indices.
Energy costs representedrepresented 5%, 4%, and 5% of CSS’s cost of goods sold in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, and 6% in each of fiscal 2016 and 2015.
Backlog
As of September 30, 20172019 and 2016,2018, CSS had a backlog of finished steel orders of $19$14 million and $5$33 million, respectively.
Competition
The primary domestic competitors of CSS for the sale of finished steel products include Nucor Corporation’s manufacturing facilities in Arizona, Utah and Washington; Gerdau Long Steel North America’s facility in California;Washington, and Commercial Metals Company’s manufacturing facilityfacilities in Arizona.Arizona and California. In addition to domestic competition, CSS competes with foreign steel producers, principally located in Asia, Canada, Mexico and Central and South America, primarily in shorter length rebar and certain wire rod grades. In recent years, a trend of increasing volumes of imported steel products has occurred in CSS's primary domestic markets, driven by global overcapacity in steel-making production and by the relative strength of the U.S. dollar which increases the competitiveness of imports. The principal competitive factors in CSS’s market are price, quality, service, product availability and the relative value of the U.S. dollar.
9 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
For more than a decade, CSS'sCSS’s steel manufacturing operations,operation, as part of a U.S. industry coalition, has petitioned the U.S. Government under our international trade laws for relief in the form of antidumping and countervailing duties against wire rod and rebar products from a number of foreign countries. Many of those cases have beenwere successful and as ofled to a decrease in finished steel imports into CSS’s domestic markets from the start ofpeak reached in fiscal 2017,2016. During fiscal 2019, antidumping duty orders were in effect related to imports of rebar from Belarus, China, Indonesia, Japan, Latvia, Mexico, Moldova, Poland, Taiwan, Turkey and Ukraine; a countervailing duty order was in effect related to imports of rebar from Turkey; antidumping duty orders were in effect related to imports of wire rod from Belarus, Brazil, China, Indonesia, Italy, Korea, Mexico, Moldova, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and Trinidad and Tobago; and a countervailing duty order wasorders were in effect related to imports of wire rod from Brazil. During 2017, following a petition by the U.S. domestic industryBrazil, China, Italy, and successful resolution, new antidumping duty orders were imposed against rebar from Japan, Taiwan and Turkey.
The duties imposed as part of these orders are periodically reassessed through the administrative review process. In addition, every five years the U.S. governmentGovernment conducts sunset reviews to determine whether revocation of the orders would likely lead to resumption of dumping and subsidization and negatively impact the U.S. domestic industry. Affirmative decisions allow the orders to continue for an additional five years. The next sunset reviewsreview for rebar from Belarus, China, Indonesia, Latvia, Moldova, Poland and Ukraine will bewas initiated in June 2018 and, following an affirmative sunset decision in October 2018, orders covering these countries remain in place for another five years. The third sunset review covering wire rod from Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, Moldova and Trinidad and Tobago, was initiated in June 2019 and is pending. The first sunset review covering rebar from Mexico and Turkey (from the 2014 investigation) will becommence in October 2019. The administrative reviews for rebar from the newest order covering imports from Japan, Taiwan
There are antidumping and Turkey will becountervailing duty orders in 2022. The next sunset reviews for wire rod from all countries will beeffect in 2019.
The long-term effectiveness of existing antidumping and countervailing duty orders related to imports of wire rod and rebar products is largely uncertain and is impacted by the U.S. Government'sGovernment’s ability to efficiently identify and respond to violations of U.S. international trade laws affecting CSS'sCSS’s steel manufacturing operations.
In addition to antidumpingMarch 2018, the President of the United States imposed tariffs in the amount of 25 percent and countervailing duty activity,10 percent on imports of certain steel and aluminum products, respectively. The imposition of the tariffs was the conclusion of an investigation started in April 2017 the U.S. Department of Commerce self-initiated a national security investigation under Section 232(B)232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. The purpose of this law is to provide1962 that allows for an exemption from normal international trade rules if imports of a product or products, are harming national security. Currently, imports from Argentina, Australia, Brazil and South Korea are exempt from these duties pursuant to various agreements, including quotas. In May 2019, the President announced an agreement with Canada and Mexico that eliminated the Section 232 tariffs on steel from those countries. As part of the agreement, Mexico and Canada also suspended their retaliatory duties on U.S. imports. The Secretaryelimination of the 25% duty on U.S.-origin steel imports into Canada has allowed CSS to resume shipping steel to Western Canada. Sales of finished steel products to customers in Canada represented 3%, 7%, and 6% of our steel mill’s external sales in fiscal 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. The European Union continues to impose retaliatory duties on U.S.-origin steel imports. The Department of Commerce has 270 days (or until January 2018) to present the U.S. President with a report and recommendations. If remedies are imposed on steel imports (such as additional tariffs, quotas or a combination of the two), this could result in a decrease in imports and higher prices for those imports which are sold into the U.S.
Environmental Matters
Impact of Legislation and Regulation
Compliance with environmental laws and regulations is a significant factor in our operations. Our businesses are subject to extensive local, state and federal environmental protection, health, safety and transportation laws and regulations relating to, among others:
• | Remediation under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”); |
• | The discharge of materials and emissions into the air; |
• | The prevention and remediation of soil and groundwater contamination; |
• | The management, treatment and discharge of wastewater and storm water; |
• | Climate change; |
• | The generation, discharge, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous materials and secondary materials; and |
• | The protection of our employees’ health and safety. |
10 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
These environmental laws regulate, among other things, the release and discharge of hazardous materials into the air, water and ground; exposure to hazardous materials; and the identification, storage, treatment, handling and disposal of hazardous materials. Environmental legislation and regulations have changed rapidly in recent years, and it is likely that we will be subject to even more stringent environmental standards in the future.
Concern over climate change, including the impact of global warming, has led to significant U.S. and international regulatory and legislative initiatives to limit greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions. In 2007, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the EPAUnited States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) was authorized to regulate carbon dioxide under the U.S. Clean Air Act. As a consequence, theThe EPA subsequently initiated a series of regulatory efforts aimed at addressing greenhouse gases as pollutants, including finding that GHG emissions endanger public health, implementing mandatory GHG emission reporting requirements, and setting carbon emission standards for light-duty vehiclesvehicles.
Environmental legislation and taking other stepsregulations have changed rapidly in recent years, and it is likely that we will be subject to address GHG emissions.even more stringent environmental standards in the future. Legislation has also been proposed in the U.S. Congress to address GHG emissions and global climate change, including “cap and trade” programs, and some form of federal climate change legislation or additional federal regulation is possible. In addition, we are required to annually report GHG emissions from our steel mill to the State of Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and the EPA. A number of other states, including states in which we have operations and facilities, have considered, are considering or have already enacted legislation to develop information or address climate change and GHG emissions, as well.
Although our objective is to maintain compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations, we have, in the past, been found to be not in compliance with certain environmental laws and regulations and have incurred liabilities, expenditures, fines and penalties associated with such violations. In December 2000, we were notified by the EPA that we are one of the potentially responsible parties that owns or operates, or formerly owned or operated, sites which are part of or adjacent to the Portland Harbor Superfund site (seesite. Further, we have been notified that we are or may be a potentially responsible party at sites other than Portland Harbor currently or formerly owned or operated by us or at other sites where we may have responsibility for such costs due to past disposal or other activities. See discussion in Risk Factors in Part I, Item 1A1A. Risk Factors and
In fiscal
Indirect Consequences of Future Legislation and Regulation
Future legislation or increased regulation regarding climate change and GHG emissions could impose significant costs on our business and our customers and suppliers, including increased energy, capital equipment, emissions controls, environmental monitoring and reporting and other costs in order to comply with laws and regulations concerning and limitations imposed on climate change and GHG emissions. The potential costs of allowances, taxes, fees, offsets or credits that may be part of “cap and trade” programs or similar future legislative or regulatory measures are still uncertain.uncertain, and the future of these programs or measures is unknown. Any adopted future climate change and GHG laws or regulations could negatively impact our ability (and that of our customers and suppliers) to compete with companies situated in areas not subject to or complying with such limitations.requirements. Furthermore, even without such laws or regulations, increased awareness and any adverse publicity in the global marketplace about the GHGs emitted by companies in the metals recycling and steel manufacturing industries could harm our reputation and reduce customer demand for our products.
GHG legislation and regulation is also expected to have an effect on the price of electricity, especially whenelectricity generated using carbon-based fuels. Since the electricity supply for CSS includes a significant element of hydro-generated production which is not subject to GHG legislation and regulation, CSS’s energy costs are less likely to be impacted than those of competitors using electricity generated by carbon-based fuels. In addition, demand for scrap metal may increase as a result offrom mills with blast furnaces seekingas they seek to maximize the scrap metal component of raw material infeed, as melting scrap metal involveswhich requires less energy than is required for melting iron ore.
Since the use of recycled iron and steel instead of iron ore to make new steel results in savings in the consumption of energy, virgin materials and water and reduces mining wastes, we believe our recycled metal products position us to be more competitive in the future for business from companies wishing to reduce their carbon footprint and impact on the environment. In addition, the EAF at our EAFsteel mill generates significantly less GHG emissions than traditional blast furnaces.
11 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Physical Impacts of Climate Change on Our Costs and Operations
There has been public discussion that climate change may be associated with rising sea levels as well as extreme weather conditions such as more intense hurricanes, thunderstorms, tornadoes and snow or ice storms. Extreme weather conditions may increase our costs or cause damage to our facilities, and any damage resulting from extreme weather may not be fully insured. As many of our recycling facilities are located near deep water ports, significantly rising sea levels may disrupt our ability to receive scrap metal, process the scrap metal through our mega-shreddersshredders and ship productproducts to our customers. Periods of extended adverse weather conditions may inhibit the supply ofconstruction activity utilizing our products, scrap metal inflows to AMRour recycling facilities, and CSS. In addition, sustained periods of increased temperature levels in the summer in areas where our retail auto parts operations are located could result in less customer traffic, thus resulting in reduced admissions and parts sales.
Employees
As of September 30, 2017,2019, we had 3,1833,363 full-time employees, consisting of 2,4642,581 employees at AMR, 546595 employees at CSS and 173187 corporate administrative and shared services employees. Of these employees, 665735 were covered by collective bargaining agreements. The Cascade Steel Rolling Mills contract with the United Steelworkers of America, which covers 289279 of these employees, was renewed and ratified in April 2016October 2019 and will expire on March 31, 2019.2022. We believe that in general our labor relations are good.
Available Information
Our internetInternet website address is
We may use our website as a channel of distribution of material Company information. Financial and other material information regarding our Company is routinely posted on and accessible at
http://www.schnitzersteel.com/investors.aspx.The content of our Companywebsite is not incorporated by visiting the “E-mail Alerts” section at
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Described below are risks, which are categorized as “Risk Factors Relating to Our Business,” “Risk Factors Relating to the Regulatory Environment” and “Risk Factors Relating to Our Employees,” that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows or could cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report. See “Forward-Looking Statements” that precedes Part I of this report. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of or that we currently deem immaterial may in the future have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Risk Factors Relating to Our Business
Potential costs related to the environmental cleanup of Portland Harbor may be material to our financial position and liquidity
In December 2000, we were notified by the EPAUnited States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) under CERCLAthe Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) that we are one of the potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) that owns or operates or formerly owned or operated sites which are part of or adjacent to the Portland Harbor Superfund site (the “Site”). The precise nature and extent of any cleanup of any specific areas within the Site, the parties to be involved, the timing of any specific remedial action and the allocation of the costs for any cleanup among responsible parties have not yet been determined. The process of site investigation, remedy selection, identification of additional PRPs and allocation of costs has been underway for a number of years, but significant uncertainties remain. It is unclear to what extent we will be liable for environmental costs or natural resource damage claims or third party contribution or damage claims with respect to the Site.
12 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
While we participated in certain preliminary Site study efforts, we were not party to the consent order entered into by the EPA with certain other PRPs, referred to as the “Lower Willamette Group” (“LWG”), for a remedial investigation/feasibility study (“RI/FS”). During fiscal 2007, we and certain other parties agreed to an interim settlement with the LWG under which we made a cash contribution to the LWG RI/FS. The LWG has indicated that it had incurred over $115$155 million in investigation-related costs over an approximately ten18 year period working on the RI/FS. Following submittal of draft RI and FS documents which the EPA largely rejected, the EPA took over the RI/FS process.
We have joined with approximately 100 other PRPs, including the LWG members, in a voluntary process to establish an allocation of costs at the Site, including the costs incurred by the LWG in the RI/FS process. The LWG members have also commenced federal court litigation, which has been stayed, seeking to bring additional parties into the allocation process.
In January 2008, the Portland Harbor Natural Resource Damages Trustee Council (“Trustees”Trustee Council”) for Portland Harbor invited us and other PRPs to participate in funding and implementing the Natural Resource Injury Assessment for the Site. Following meetings among the TrusteesTrustee Council and the PRPs, a funding and participation agreement wasagreements were negotiated under which the participating PRPs, including us, agreed to fund the first phase of the three-phase natural resource damage assessment. WePhase 1, which included the development of the Natural Resource Damage Assessment Plan (“AP”) and implementation of several early studies, was substantially completed in 2010. In December 2017, we joined with other participating PRPs in thatagreeing to fund Phase I agreement and paid a portion of those costs. We did not participate in funding the second phase2 of the natural resource damage assessment.
On January 30, 2017, one of the Trustees, the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation, which withdrew from the council in 2009, filed a suit on January 30, 2017 against approximately 30 parties, including us, seeking reimbursement of certain past and future response costs in connection with remedial action at the Site and recovery of assessment costs related to natural resources damages from releases at and from the Site to the Multnomah Channel and the Lower Columbia River. The parties have filed various motions to dismiss or stay this suit, and in August 2019, the court issued an order denying the motions to dismiss and staying the action. A number of parties have filed to appeal the court’s denial of the motions to dismiss, which filing we joined in part. We intend to defend against suchthe claims in this suit and do not have sufficient information to determine the likelihood of a loss in this matter or to estimate the amount of damages being sought or the amount of such damages that could be allocated to us.
Estimates of the cost of remedial action for the cleanup of the in-river portion of the Site have varied widely in various drafts of the FS and in the EPA’s final FS issued in June 2016 have varied widely,ranging from approximately $170 million to over $2.5 billion (net present value), depending on the remedyremedial alternative and a number of other factors. In addition,comments submitted to the EPA, we and certain other stakeholders have identified a number of serious concerns regarding the EPA'sEPA’s risk and remedial alternatives assessments, and the EPA's cost estimates, scheduling assumptions and conclusions regarding the feasibility effectiveness and assignmenteffectiveness of remediation technologies, including that the EPA’s FS was based on data that are more than a decade old and may not accurately represent site or background conditions.
In January 2017, the EPA issued a Record of Decision (“ROD”) that identified the selected remedy for the Site. The selected remedy is a modified version of one of the alternative remedies evaluated in the EPA’s FS that expands the scope of the cleanup and has an estimated cost which is significantly more than the Proposed Plan identified by the EPA in the final FS.was expanded to include additional work at a greater cost. The EPA has estimated the total cost of the selected remedy at $1.7 billion with a net present value cost of $1.05 billion (at a 7% discount rate) and an estimated construction period of 13 years following completion of the remedial designs. In the ROD, the EPA stated that the cost estimate is an order-of-magnitude engineering estimate that is expected to be within +50% to -30% of the actual project cost and that changes in the cost elements are likely to occur as a result of new information and data collected during the engineering design. We have identified a number of concerns regarding the EPA's estimated costremedy described in the ROD, which is based on data that is more than a decade old, and the EPA’s estimates for the costs and time required forto implement the selected remedy. Because of ongoing questions regarding cost-effectivenesscost effectiveness, technical feasibility, and other concerns, such as technical feasibility,the use of stale data and the need for new baseline data, it is uncertain whether the ROD will be implemented as issued. In addition, the ROD doesdid not determine or allocate the responsibility for remediation costs.
In the ROD, the EPA acknowledged that much of the assumptionsdata used in preparing the ROD was more than a decade old and would need to estimate costs for the selected remedy were developed based on the existing data and will be finalized duringupdated with a new round of “baseline” sampling to be conducted prior to the remedial design after design level data to refine the baseline conditions are obtained. Moreover,phase. Accordingly, the ROD provides only Site-wide cost estimates and does not provide sufficient detail or ranges of certainty and finality to estimate costsprovided for specific sediment management areas. Accordingly, the EPA has indicated and we anticipate that additional pre-remedial design investigative work such as newand baseline sampling and monitoring, willto be conducted in order to provide a re-baselinebaseline of current conditions and delineate particular remedial actions for specific areas within the Site. This re-baselining will needadditional sampling needs to occur prior to proceeding with the next phase in the process which is the remedial design. The remedial design phase is an engineering phase during which additional technical information and data will be collected, identified and incorporated into technical drawings and specifications developed for the subsequent remedial action. TheMoreover, the ROD provided only Site-wide cost estimates and did not provide sufficient detail to estimate costs for specific sediment management areas within the Site. Following issuance of the ROD, EPA is seekingproposed that the PRPs, or a subgroup of PRPs, perform the additional investigative work identified in the ROD under a new coalitionconsent order.
13 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
In December 2017, we and three other PRPs to perform the re-baselining and remedial design activities. We are considering whether to become a party toentered into a new Administrative Settlement Agreement and Order on Consent with EPA to perform such pre-remedial design investigative activities, if an acceptable consent order can be finalized.investigation and baseline sampling over a two-year period. We do not believeestimated that our share of the costs of performing such work would be material,approximately $2 million, which we recorded to environmental liabilities and weselling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated financial statements in fiscal 2018. We believe that such costs wouldwill be allocablefully covered by existing insurance coverage and, thus, also recorded an insurance receivable for $2 million in fiscal 2018, resulting in no net impact to our consolidated results of operations. As of August 31, 2019 and 2018, our loss contingencies include $1 million and $2 million, respectively, for our estimated share of the costs of the investigation, including pre-remedial design investigative activities.
The pre-remedial design investigation and baseline sampling work has been completed, and the report evaluating the data was submitted to EPA on June 17, 2019. The evaluation report concludes that they wouldSite conditions have improved substantially since the data forming the basis of the ROD was collected over a decade ago. The analysis contained in the report has significant implications for remedial design and remedial action at the Site. EPA has reviewed the report, finding with a few limited corrections that the data is of suitable quality and generally acceptable and stating that such data will be reimbursable underused, in addition to existing and forthcoming design-level data, to inform implementation of the insurance policies discussed below.
EPA has stated that it wants PRPs to step forward (individually or in groups) to enter into consent agreements to perform remedial design covering the entire Site and has proposed dividing the Site into eight to ten subareas for remedial design. EPA has indicated that it may pursue enforcement or other actions against PRPs who have not entered into consent agreements to perform remedial design by the end of 2019. We have engaged in good-faith negotiations with EPA with respect to potentially performing remedial design; but it is unclear whether we will reach agreement with EPA, and the timing for completion of remedial design is uncertain but could take three to four years.
Except for certain early action projects in which we are not involved, remediation activities are not expected to commence for a number of years andyears. In addition, as discussed above, responsibility for implementing and funding the remedy will be determined in a separate allocation process. While an allocation process, which is currently underway as discussed above, the EPA's ROD has raised questions and uncertainty as to when and how that allocation process will proceed.on-going. We would not expect the next major stage of the allocation process to proceed until after additional pre-remedialin parallel with the remedial design data is collected.
Because there has not been a determination of the specific remediation actions that will be required, the amount of natural resource damages or how the allocation of costs of the investigations and any remedy and natural resource damages will be allocated among the PRPs, we believe it is not possible to reasonably estimate the amount or range of costs which we are likely to or which it is reasonably possible that we will incur in connection with the Site, although such costs could be material to our financial position, results of
We operate in industries that are cyclical and sensitive to general economic conditions, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows
Demand for most of our products is cyclical in nature and sensitive to general economic conditions. The timing and magnitude of the cycles in the industries in which our products are used, including global steel manufacturing and residentialnonresidential and infrastructure construction in the U.S., are difficult to predict. The cyclical nature of our operations tends to reflect and be amplified by changes in economic conditions, both domestically and internationally, and foreign currency exchange fluctuations. The impact of recent political events, such as the United Kingdom referendum to exit the European Union declared in June 2016, on global economic conditions is currently uncertain. Economic downturns or a prolonged period of slow growth in the U.S. and foreign markets or any of the industries in which we operate could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
14 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Changing conditions in internationalglobal markets including the impact of sanctions and tariffs, quotas and other trade actions and import restrictions may adversely affect our business,operating results, financial positioncondition and results of operations
We generate a substantial portion of our revenues from sales to customers located outside the U.S., including countries in Asia, the Mediterranean region and North, Central and South America. In each of the last three years, exports comprised approximately 66 to 71 percent of AMR’s ferrous sales volumes and 60 to 63 percent of AMR’s nonferrous sales volumes. Further, in certain recent years prior to fiscal 2019, total sales to customers in each of China and Turkey exceeded 10 percent of our consolidated revenues in that year. Our ability to sell our products profitably, or at all, tointo international markets is subject to a number of risks including adverse impacts of political, economic, military, terrorist or major pandemic events; local labor and social issues; legal and regulatory requirements or limitations imposed by foreign governments including quotas, tariffs or other protectionist trade barriers, sanctions, adverse tax law changes, nationalization, currency restrictions, or import restrictions for certain types of products we export; and disruptions or delays in shipments caused by customs compliance or other actions of government agencies.
For example, in fiscal 2017, regulators in China began implementing the National Sword initiative involving inspections of Chinese industrial enterprises, including recyclers, in order to identify rules violations with respect to discharge of pollutants or illegally transferred scrap imports. The scope ofRestrictions resulting from the National Sword initiative which could include import bansa ban on certain imported recycled products, is still being developed. Basedlower contamination limits for permitted recycled materials, and more comprehensive pre- and post-shipment inspection requirements. Disruptions in pre-inspection certifications and stringent inspection procedures at certain Chinese destination ports have limited access to these destinations and resulted in the renegotiation or cancellation of certain nonferrous customer contracts in connection with the redirection of such shipments to alternate destinations. Commencing July 1, 2019, China imposed further restrictions in the form of import license requirements and quotas on certain scrap products, including certain nonferrous products we sell. We have continued to sell our recycled metal products into China; however, additional or modified license requirements and quotas, as well as additional product quality requirements, may be issued in the most current information available, wefuture. We believe that athe potential impact on our recycling operations of the Chinese regulatory actions described above could include requirements that would necessitate additional processing and packaging of certain nonferrous recycled scrap metal products, priorincreased inspection and certification activities with respect to exportexports to China, or a change in the use of our sales channels in the event of delays in the issuance of licenses, restrictive quotas or an outright ban on certain or all of our recycled metals products by China. If necessary to address additionalAs regulatory developments progress, we may assess the potential forneed to make further investments in nonferrous processing equipment beyond existing planned investments where economically justified.
In March 2018, the U.S. imposed a 25 percent tariff on certain imported steel products and a 10 percent tariff on certain imported aluminum products under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. These new tariffs, along with other U.S. trade actions, have triggered retaliatory actions by certain affected countries, and other foreign governments have initiated or are considering imposing trade measures on other U.S. goods. For example, China has imposed a series of retaliatory tariffs on certain U.S. products, including a 25 percent tariff on all grades of U.S. scrap and an additional 25 percent tariff on U.S. aluminum scrap. These tariffs and other trade actions could result in a decrease in international steel demand beyond that already experienced and further negatively impact demand for our products, which would adversely impact our business. Given the uncertainty regarding the scope and duration of these trade actions by the U.S. or other countries, the impact of the trade actions on our operations or results remains uncertain, but this impact could be material.
Changes in the availability or price of inputs such as raw materials and end-of-life vehicles could reduce our sales
Our businesses require certain materials that are sourced from third-party suppliers. Although the synergies from our integrated operations allow us to be our own source for some raw materials, particularly with respect to scrap metal for our steel manufacturing operations, we rely on other suppliers for most of our raw material and other input needs, including inputs to steel production such as graphite electrodes, alloys and other required consumables. Industry supply conditions generally involve risks, including the possibility of shortages of raw materials, increases in raw material and other input costs, and reduced control over delivery schedules. We procure our scrap inventory from numerous sources. These suppliers generally are not bound by long-term contracts and have no obligation to sell scrap metal to us. In periods of declining or lower scrap metal prices such as the declining price environment we experienced in fiscal 2015 and the first half of fiscal 2016, suppliers may elect to hold scrap metal to wait for higher prices or intentionally slow their metal collection activities, tightening supply. If a substantial number of suppliers cease selling scrap metal to us, we will be unable to recycle metal at desired levels, and our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. A slowdown of industrial production in the U.S. may also reduce the supply of industrial grades of metal to the metals recycling industry, resulting in less recyclable metal available to process and market. Increased competition for domestic scrap metal, including as a result of overcapacity in the scrap recycling industry in the U.S. and Canada, may also reduce the supply of scrap metal available to us. Failure to obtain a steady supply of scrap material could both adversely impact our ability to meet sales commitments and reduce our operating margins. Failure to obtain an adequate supply of end-of-life vehicles could adversely impact our ability to attract customers and charge admission fees and reduce our parts sales. Failure to obtain raw materials and other inputs to steel production such as alloys, graphite electrodes, alloys and other required consumables, could adversely impact our ability to make steel to the specifications of our customers.
15
/Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Significant decreases in scrap metal prices may adversely impact our operating results
The timing and magnitude of the cycles in the industries in which we operate are difficult to predict and are influenced by different economic conditions in the domestic market, where we typically acquire our raw materials, and foreign markets, where we typically sell the majority of our products. Purchase prices for scrap metal including end-of-life vehicles and selling prices for recycled scrap metal are subject to market forces beyond our control. For instance, in fiscal 2015 and in the first half of fiscal 2016, scrap metal prices experienced a significant downward trend caused primarily by the weak macroeconomic conditions and global steel-making overcapacity, which was further exacerbated by the impact of lower iron ore prices, a raw material used in steel-making in blast furnaces which compete with EAF steel-making production that uses ferrous scrap as its primary feedstock. In fiscal 2019, weaker market conditions for recycled metals, primarily due to slower global economic growth and the effects of tariffs and other regulatory measures, resulted in lower average net selling prices for our ferrous and nonferrous recycled metal products compared to fiscal 2018. Average net selling prices for ferrous recycled metal have trended downwards since the third quarter of fiscal 2018. While we attempt to respond to changing recycled scrap metal selling prices through adjustments to our metal purchase prices, our ability to do so is limited by competitive and other market factors. As a result, we may not be able to reduce our metal purchase prices to fully offset a sharp reduction in recycled scrap metal sales prices, which may adversely impact our operating income and cash flows. In fiscal 2015 and the first half of fiscal 2016, lower demand for recycled scrap metal relative to demand and competition for supply of unprocessed scrap metal in the domestic market compressed operating margins due to selling prices decreasing at a faster rate than purchase prices for unprocessed scrap metal. Operating results at AMR in fiscal 2019 decreased significantly compared to fiscal 2018 as a result of operating margin compression from the decline in average net selling prices for our recycled metal products which outpaced the reduction in purchase costs for raw materials. In addition, a rapid decrease in selling prices may compress our operating margins due to the impact of average inventory cost accounting, which causes cost of goods sold recognized in the Consolidated Statements of OperationsIncome to decrease at a slower rate than metal purchase prices and net selling prices.
Imbalances in supply and demand conditions in the global steel industry may reduce demand for our products
Economic expansions and contractions in global economies can result in supply and demand imbalances in the global steel industry that can significantly affect the price of commodities used and sold by our business, as well as the price of and demand for finished steel products. In a number of foreign countries, such as China, steel producers are generally government-owned and may therefore make production decisions based on political or other factors that do not reflect free market conditions. In recent years,the past, overcapacity and excess steel production in these foreign countries resulted in the export of aggressively priced semi-finished and finished steel products. This led to disruptions in steel-making operations within other countries, negatively impacting demand for our recycled scrap metal products used by EAF mills globally as their primary feedstock. Further, the import of foreign steel products into the U.S. at similarly aggressive prices have in the past adversely impacted finished steel sales prices and sales volumes at CSS. Existing or new trade laws and regulations may cause or be inadequate to prevent disadvantageous trade practices, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Although trade regulations restrict or impose duties on the importation of certain products, if foreign steel production significantly exceeds consumption in those countries, global demand for our recycled scrap metal products could decline and imports of steel products into the U.S. could increase, resulting in lower volumes and selling prices for our recycled metal products and finished steel products.
Goodwill impairment charges may adversely affect our operating results
Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the net amount of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination measured at fair value. We have a substantial amount of goodwill on our balance sheet, almost all of which was carried by a single reporting unit within AMR as of August 31, 2017.2019. We test the goodwill balancebalances allocated to our reporting units for impairment on an annual basis and when events occur or circumstances change that indicate that the fair value of theone or more of our reporting unitunits with allocated goodwill may be below its carrying amount. When testing goodwill for impairment, we may be required to measure the fair value of the reporting unitunits in order to determine the amount of impairment, if any. Fair value determinations require considerable judgment and are sensitive to inherent uncertainties and changes in estimates and assumptions regarding revenue growth rates, operating margins, capital expenditures, working capital requirements, tax rates, terminal growth rates, discount rates, benefits associated with a taxable transaction and synergistic benefits available to market participants. Declines in market conditions, a trend of weaker than anticipated financial performance for one of our single reporting unitunits with allocated goodwill, a decline in our share price for a sustained period of time, or an increase in the market-based weighted average cost of capital, among other factors, are indicators that the carrying value of our goodwill may not be recoverable. We may be required to record a goodwill impairment charge that, if incurred, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. For example, in the second quarter of fiscal 2015, management identified a triggering event requiring an interim impairment test of goodwill, which resulted in impairment of a reporting unit's goodwill totaling $141 million, and in the second quarter of fiscal 2016, management identified a triggering event requiring an interim impairment test of goodwill, which resulted in impairment of a different reporting unit's goodwill totaling $9 million. Both of these impairment charges are reported within the results of AMR in this report.
16
/Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Impairment of long-lived assets and cost and equity method investments may adversely affect our operating results
Our long-lived asset groups are subject to an impairment assessment when certain triggering events or circumstances indicate that their carrying value may be impaired. If the carrying value exceeds our estimate of future undiscounted cash flows of the operations related to the asset group, an impairment is recorded for the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset group. The results of these tests for potential impairment may be adversely affected by unfavorable market conditions, our financial performance trends, or an increase in interest rates, among other factors. If, as a result of the impairment test, we determine that the fair value of any of our long-lived asset groups is less than its carrying amount, we may incur an impairment charge that could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. We recorded impairment charges on long-lived tangible and intangible assets associated with certain regional metals recycling operations and used auto parts store locations in the amount of $8 million and $44 million during fiscal 2016 and 2015, respectively. With respect to our investments in unconsolidated entities accounted for under the cost and equity methods,method, a loss in value of an investment thatis recognized when the decline is other than temporary. With respect to our $6 million equity investment in a temporary decline is recognized. Onceprivately-held waste and recycling entity that does not have a readily determinable fair value, we determine that an other-than-temporary impairment exists, we may incurwould recognize an impairment charge if our qualitative assessment indicates that the investment is impaired and the fair value of the investment is less than its carrying value. Impairment of our equity investments could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. We recorded impairment charges of $1 million and $2 million during fiscal 2017 and 2016, respectively, related to investments in joint ventures accounted for under the equity method. See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report for further detail on long-lived asset and joint venture investment impairment charges.
Inability to achieve or sustain the benefits from productivity, cost savings and restructuring initiatives may adversely impact our operating results
During the past several years, we implemented a number of productivity improvement, cost savings and restructuring initiatives designed to reduce operating expenses and improve profitability and to achieve further integration and synergistic cost efficiencies in our operating platform. These initiatives included idling underutilized assets and closing facilities to more closely align our business to market conditions, implementing productivity initiatives to increase production efficiency and material recovery, and further reducing our annual operating expenses through headcount reductions, reducing organizational layers, consolidating shared service functions, savings from procurement activities, streamlining of administrative and supporting services functions, and other non-headcount measures. In fiscal 2017, we substantially completed a multi-year program of these initiatives. In fiscal 2019, we implemented productivity initiatives targeted to achieve $35 million in annual benefits through a combination of production cost efficiencies, reductions in selling, general and administrative expenses and increases in retail sales. We may undertake similar or additional productivity initiatives in the future in the normal course or in response to market conditions. Our ability to achieve or sustain the anticipated cost reductions and other benefits from these initiatives within the expected time frame is subject to many estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions are subject to significant economic, competitive and other uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control.
We incurred restructuring charges and other exit-related activities in fiscal 2017, 20162019, 2018 and 20152017 as a result of these initiatives.initiatives and may incur such charges in the future. Failure to achieve or sustain the expected cost reductions and other benefits related to these productivity improvements, cost savings and restructuring initiatives could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.
Failure to realize or delays in realizing expected benefits from investments in processing and manufacturing technology may impact our operating results and cash flows
We make significant investments in processing and manufacturing technology improvements aimed at increasing the efficiency and capabilities of our businesses and to maximize our economies of scale. Such investments may be subject to permitting, construction or other delays, and commissioning and technology performance risks, some of which are outside our control. Failure to realize or delays in realizing the anticipated benefits and generate adequate returns on such capital improvement projects may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.
We may be unable to renew facility leases, thus restricting our ability to operate
We lease a significant portion of our facilities, including the substantial majority of our auto parts facilities. The cost to renew such leases may increase significantly, and we may not be able to renew such leases on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Failure to renew these leases or locate desirable alternatives for our facilities may impact our ability to continue operations within certain geographic areas, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
17 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses may result in operating difficulties and other unintended consequences
We may make acquisitions of or expand into complementary businesses to enable us to enhance our customer base and grow our revenues. Execution of any past or potential future acquisition or expansion involves a number of risks, including:
• | Difficulty integrating the acquired businesses’ personnel and operations; |
• | Challenges in obtaining permits or meeting other regulatory requirements; |
• | Potential loss of key employees, |
• | Difficulties in realizing anticipated cost savings, efficiencies and synergies; |
• | Unexpected costs; |
• | Inaccurate assessment of or undisclosed liabilities; |
• | Inability to maintain uniform standards, controls |
• | Disruption to existing businesses; and |
• | Difficulty in managing growth. |
If we do not successfully execute on acquisitions or expansions and the acquired or expanded businesses do not perform as projected, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Changing economic conditions may result in customers not fulfilling their contractual obligations
We enter into export ferrous sales contracts preceded by negotiations that include fixing price, quantity, shipping terms and other contractual terms. Upon finalization of these terms and satisfactory completion of other contractual contingencies, the customer typically opens a letter of credit to satisfy its payment obligation under the contract prior to our shipment of the cargo. Although not considered normal course of business, in times of changing economic conditions, including during periods of sharply falling scrap metal prices such as those experienced in fiscal 2015 and the first half of fiscal 2016, there is an increased risk that customers may not be willing or able to fulfill their contractual obligations or open letters of credit. For example, in fiscal 2015, the resale or modification of the terms, each at significantly lower prices, of certain previously contracted bulk shipments had a $7 million negative impact on our operating results. As of August 31, 20172019 and 2016, 33% 2018, 32%and 34%33%, respectively, of our trade accounts receivable balance were covered by letters of credit.
Increases in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies may reduce the demand for our products
A significant portion of our recycled scrap metal revenues is generated from sales to foreign customers, which are denominated in U.S. dollars, including customers located in Asia, Africathe Mediterranean region and Europe.North, Central and South America. A strengthening U.S. dollar, as experienced during recent years including fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016,2019, makes our products more expensive for non-U.S. customers, which may negatively impact export sales. A strengthening U.S. dollar also makes imported metal products less expensive, which may result in an increase in imports of steel products into the U.S. As a result, our finished steel products, which are made in the U.S., may become more expensive for our U.S. customers relative to imported steel products thereby reducing demand for our products.
We are exposed to translation and transaction risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates Hedging instruments may not be effective in mitigating such risks and may expose us to losses or limit our potential gains
Our operations in Canada expose us to translation and transaction risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates as compared to the U.S. dollar, our reporting currency. As a result, we are subject to foreign currency exchange risks due to exchange rate movements in connection with the translation of the operating costs and the assets and liabilities of our foreign operations into our functional currency for inclusion in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Potential limitations on our ability to access capital resources may restrict our ability to operate
Our operations are capital intensive. Our business also requires substantial expenditures for routine maintenance. While we expect that our cash requirements, including the funding of capital expenditures, debt service, dividends, share repurchases and investments, will be financed by internally generated funds or from borrowings under our secured committed bank credit facilities, there can be no assurance that this will be the case. Additional acquisitions could require financing from external sources. Although we believe we have adequate access to contractually committed borrowings, we could be adversely affected if our banks were unable to honor their contractual commitments or ceased lending. Failure to access our credit facilities could restrict our ability to fund operations, make capital expenditures or execute acquisitions.
18 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
The agreement governing our bank credit facilityfacilities imposes certain restrictions on our business and contains financial covenants
Our secured bank credit facilities contain certain restrictions on our business which limit (subject to certain exceptions) our ability to, among other things, incur or suffer to exist certain liens, make investments, incur or guaranty additional indebtedness, enter into consolidations, mergers, acquisitions, and sales of assets, make distributions and other restricted payments, change the nature of our business, engage in transactions with affiliates and enter into restrictive agreements, including agreements that restrict the ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions. These restrictions may affect our ability to operate our business or execute our strategy and may limit our ability to take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise. Our bank credit agreement also requires that we maintain certain financial and other covenants, including a consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio a consolidated leverage ratio, and a consolidated asset coverageleverage ratio. Our ability to comply with these covenants may also be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. Our failure to comply with any of these restrictions or financial covenants could result in an event of default under the bank credit agreement, and permit our lenders to cease lending to us and declare all amounts borrowed from them to be due and payable, together with accrued and unpaid interest. This could require us to refinance our bank facilities, which we may not be able to do at terms acceptable to us, or at all.
Consolidation in the steel industry may reduce demand for our products
There has been a significant amount of consolidation in the steel industry in recent years that has included steel mills acquiring steel fabricators to ensure demand for their products. If any of our steel mill'smill’s significant remaining customers were to be acquired by competing steel mills, this could reduce the demand for our products and force us to lower our prices, reducing our revenues, or to reduce production, which could increase our unit costs and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Reliance on third party shipping companies may restrict our ability to ship our products
We generallysignificantly rely on third parties to handle and transport raw materials to our production facilities and products to customers. Despite our practice of utilizing a diversified group of suppliers of transportation, factors beyond our control, including changes in fuel prices, political events, governmental regulation of transportation, changes in market rates, carrier availability, carrier bankruptcy, shipping industry consolidation and disruptions in transportation infrastructure, may adversely impact our ability to ship our products. These impacts could include delays or other disruptions in shipments in transit or third party shipping companies increasing their charges for transportation services or otherwise reducing or eliminating the availability of their vehicles, rail cars, barges or ships. As a result, we may not be able to transport our products in a timely and cost-effective manner, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and may harm our reputation.
Equipment upgrades, equipment failures and facility damage may lead to production curtailments or shutdowns
Our business operations and recycling and manufacturing processes depend on critical pieces of equipment, including information technology equipment, shredders, nonferrous sorting technology, furnaces and a rolling mill, which may be out of service occasionally for scheduled upgrades or maintenance or as a result of unanticipated failures. Our facilities are subject to equipment failures and the risk of catastrophic loss due to unanticipated events such as fires, earthquakes, accidents or violent weather conditions. For instance, our metals recycling operations in Puerto Rico were briefly interrupted in September 2017 as a result of Hurricane Maria, although the damages to and losses incurred by the operations were not material. We have insurance to cover certain of the risks associated with equipment damage and resulting business interruption, but there are certain events that would not be covered by insurance and there can be no assurance that insurance will continue to be available on acceptable terms. Interruptions in our processing and production capabilities and shutdowns resulting from unanticipated events could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Product liability claims may adversely impact our operating results
We could inadvertently acquire radioactive scrap metal that could potentially be included in mixed scrap metal shipped to consumers worldwide. Although we have invested in radiation detection equipment in the majority of our locations, including the facilities from which we ship directly to customers, failure to detect radioactive scrap metal remains a possibility. Even though we maintain insurance to address the risk of this failure in detection, there can be no assurance that the insurance coverage would be adequate or will continue to be available on acceptable terms. In addition, if we fail to meet contractual requirements for a product, we may be subject to product warranty costs and claims. These costs and claims could both have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and harm our reputation.
19 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
We are subject to legal proceedings and legal compliance risks that may adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity
We spend substantial resources ensuring that we comply with domestic and foreign regulations, contractual obligations and other legal standards. Notwithstanding this, we are subject to a variety of legal proceedings and compliance risks in respect of various matters, including regulatory, safety, environmental, employment, transportation, intellectual property, contractual, import/export, international trade and governmental matters that arise in the course of our business and in our industry. For example, legal proceedings can include those arising from accidents involving Company-owned vehicles, including Company tractor trailers. In some instances, such accidents and the related litigation involve accidents that have resulted in third party fatalities. A negativeAn outcome in an unusual or significant legal proceeding or compliance investigation in excess of insurance recoveries could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. For information regarding our current significant legal proceedings and contingencies, see “Legal Proceedings” in Part I, Item 3 and “Contingencies – Other” within Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies in Part II, Item 8 of this report.
Climate change may adversely impact our facilities and our ongoing operations
The potential physical impacts of climate change on our operations are highly uncertain and depend upon the unique geographic and environmental factors present, for example rising sea levels at our deep water port facilities, changing storm patterns and intensities, and changing temperature levels. As many of our recycling facilities are located near deep water ports, rising sea levels may disrupt our ability to receive scrap metal, process the scrap metal through our mega-shreddersshredders and ship products to our customers. PeriodsIncreased frequency and duration of extended adverse weather conditions may inhibit the supply ofconstruction activity utilizing our products, scrap metal inflows to our recycling facilities, which could have an adverse effect on our sales or cause us to fail to meet our sales commitments. In addition, sustained periods of increased temperature levels in the summer in areas where our auto store operations are located could result in reduced customer traffic, thus resulting in lowerand retail admissions and parts sales.
We may not realize our deferred tax assets in the future
The assessment of recoverability of our deferred tax assets is based on an evaluation of existing positive and negative evidence as to whether it is more likely than notmore-likely-than-not that they will be realized. If negative evidence outweighs positive evidence, a valuation allowance is required. Impairment of deferred tax assets may result from significant negative industry or economic trends, a decrease in earnings performance and projections of future taxable income, adverse changes in laws or regulations, and a variety of other factors. Impairment of deferred tax assets could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition and could result in not realizing the deferred tax assets. In recent years,the past, we have recorded significant valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets, and our low annual effective tax ratesrate in the fiscal years presented in this report are2017 was primarily the result of our full valuation allowance position.positions at the time. Deferred tax assets generated in future periods may require further valuation allowances if it is not more likely than notmore-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets will be realized.
In fiscal 2018, we released valuation allowances against certain U.S. federal and state and Canadian deferred tax assets resulting in recognition of discrete tax benefits. The release of the valuation allowances was the result of sufficient positive evidence at the time, including cumulative income in recent years and projections of future taxable income from operations, that it is more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. In the event that actual results differ from our projections or we adjust our estimates in future periods, we may need to establish a valuation allowance, which could materially impact our financial position and results of operations.
Tax increases and changes in tax rules may adversely affect our financial results
As a company conducting business on a global basis with physical operations throughout North America, we are exposed, both directly and indirectly, to the effects of changes in U.S., state, local and foreign tax rules. Taxes for financial reporting purposes and cash tax liabilities in the future may be adversely affected by changes in such tax rules. In many cases, such changes put us at a competitive disadvantage compared to some of our major competitors, to the extent we are unable to pass the tax costs through to our customers.
On December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed and enacted into law comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”). The effects of the Tax Act have been incorporated into our financial results beginning in the second quarter of fiscal 2018. There is a risk that states or foreign jurisdictions may amend their tax laws in response to the Tax Act, which could have a material impact on our future results of operations and cash flows.
20 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
One or more cybersecurity incidents may adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations and reputation
Our operations involve the use of multiple systems that process, store and transmit sensitive information about our customers, suppliers, employees, financial position, operating results and strategies. We face global cybersecurity risks and threats on a continual and ongoing basis, which include, but are not limited to, attempts to access systems and information, computer viruses, or denial-of-service attacks. These risks and threats range from uncoordinated individual attempts to sophisticated and targeted measures. While we are not aware of any material cyber-attacks or breaches of our systems to date, we have and continue to implement measures to safeguard our systems and information and mitigate potential risks, including employee training around phishing, malware and other cyber risks, but there is no assurance that such actions will be sufficient to prevent cyber-attacks or security breaches that manipulate or improperly use our systems, compromise sensitive information, destroy or corrupt data, or otherwise disrupt our operations. The occurrence of such events, including breaches of our security measures or those of our third-party service providers, could negatively impact our reputation and our competitive position and could result in litigation with third parties, regulatory action, loss of business due to disruption of operations and/or reputational damage, potential liability and increased remediation and protection costs, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Risk Factors Relating to the Regulatory Environment
Environmental compliance costs and potential environmental liabilities may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations
Compliance with environmental laws and regulations is a significant factor in our business. We are subject to local, state and federal environmental laws and regulations in the U.S. and other countries relating to, among other matters:
• | Waste disposal; |
• | Air emissions; |
• | Waste water and storm water management, treatment and discharge; |
• | The use and treatment of groundwater; |
• | Soil and groundwater contamination and remediation; |
• | Climate change; |
• | Generation, discharge, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous materials and secondary materials; and |
• | Employee health and safety. |
We are also required to obtain environmental permits from governmental authorities for certain operations. Violation of or failure to obtain permits or comply with these laws or regulations could result in our business being fined or otherwise sanctioned by regulators or becoming subject to litigation by private parties. In recent years, capital expenditures for environmental projects have increased and have represented a significant share of our total capital expenditures. Future environmental compliance costs, including capital expenditures for environmental projects, may increase because of new laws and regulations, changing interpretations and stricter enforcement of current laws and regulations by regulatory authorities, uncertainty regarding adequate pollution control levels, the future costs of pollution control technology and issues related to global climate change.
Our operations use, handle and generate hazardous substances. In addition, previous operations by others at facilities that we currently or formerly owned, operated or otherwise used may have caused contamination from hazardous substances. As a result, we are exposed to possible claims, including government fines and penalties, costs for investigation and clean-up activities, claims for natural resources damages and claims by third parties for personal injury and property damage, under environmental laws and regulations, especially for the remediation of waterways and soil or groundwater contamination. These laws can impose liability for the cleanup of hazardous substances even if the owner or operator was neither aware of nor responsible for the release of the hazardous substances. We have, in the past, been found not to be in compliance with certain of these laws and regulations, and have incurred liabilities, expenditures, fines and penalties associated with such violations. In addition,December 2000, we were notified by the EPA that we are one of the potentially responsible parties that owns or operates, or formerly owned or operated, sites which are part of or adjacent to the Portland Harbor Superfund site. Further, we have been notified that we are or may be a potentially responsible party for actual or possible investigation and cleanup costs from historical contamination at sites other than Portland Harbor currently or formerly owned or operated by us or at other sites where we may have responsibility for such costs due to past disposal or other activities. Environmental compliance costs and potential environmental liabilities could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See also the risk factor “Potential costs related to the environmental cleanup of Portland Harbor may be material to our financial position and liquidity” in this Item 1A.1A and “Contingencies – Environmental” in Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.
21 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Governmental agencies may refuse to grant or renew our licenses and permits, and we may be unable to renew facility leases, thus restricting our ability to operate
We conduct certain of our operations subject to licenses, permits and approvals from state and local governments. Governmental agencies often resist the establishment of certain types of facilities in their communities, including auto parts facilities. Changes in zoning and increased residential and mixed-use development near our facilities are reducing the buffer zones and creating land use conflicts with heavy industrial uses such as ours. This could result in increased complaints, increased inspections and enforcement including fines and penalties, operating restrictions, the need for additional capital expenditures and increased opposition to maintaining or renewing required approvals, licenses and permits. In addition, from time to time, both the U.S. and foreign governments impose regulations and restrictions on trade in the markets in which we operate. In some countries, governments can require us to apply for certificates or registration before allowing shipment of recycled metal to customers in those countries. There can be no assurance that future approvals, licenses and permits will be granted or that we will be able to maintain and renew the approvals, licenses and permits we currently hold. Failure to obtain these approvals could cause us to limit or discontinue operations in these locations or prevent us from developing or acquiring new facilities, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Compliance with existing and newfuture climate change and greenhouse gas emission laws and regulations may adversely impact our operating results
Future legislation or increased regulation regarding climate change and GHG emissions could impose significant costs on our business and our customers and suppliers, including increased energy, capital equipment, emissions controls, environmental monitoring and reporting and other costs in order to comply with laws and regulations concerning and limitations imposed on climate change and GHG emissions. The potential costs of allowances, taxes, fees, offsets or credits that may be part of “cap and trade” programs or similar future legislative or regulatory measures are still uncertain and the future of these programs or measures is unknown. Any adopted future climate change and GHG laws or regulations could negatively impact our ability (and that of our customers and suppliers) to compete with companies situated in areas not subject to such limitations.requirements. Until the timing, scope and extent of any future laws or regulations becomes known, we cannot predict the effect on our financial condition, operating performance or ability to compete. Furthermore, even without such laws or regulations, increased awareness and any adverse publicity in the global marketplace about the GHGs emitted by companies in the metals recycling and steel manufacturing industries could harm our reputation and reduce customer demand for our products. See “Business - Environmental Matters” in Part I, Item 1 of this report for further detail.
Risk Factors Relating to Our Employees
Reliance on employees subject to collective bargaining may restrict our ability to operate
Approximately 21%22% of our full-time employees are represented by unions under collective bargaining agreements, including substantially all of the manufacturing employees at our CSS steel manufacturing facility. As these agreements expire, we may not be able to negotiate extensions or replacements of such agreements on acceptable terms. Any failure to reach an agreement with one or more of our unions may result in strikes, lockouts or other labor actions, including work slowdowns or stoppages, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
The underfunded status of our multiemployer pension plans may cause us to increase our contributions to the plans
As discussed in
NoteIn 2004, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) approved a seven-year extension of the period over which the WISPP may amortize unfunded liabilities, conditioned upon maintenance of certain minimum funding levels. In 2014, the WISPP obtained relief from the specified funding requirements from the IRS, which requires that the WISPP meet a minimum funded percentage on each valuation date and achieve a funded percentage of 100% as of October 1, 2029. Based on the most recent actuarial valuation for the WISPP, as of October 1, 2016, the funded percentage (based on the ratio of the market value of assets to the accumulated benefits liability (present value of accrued benefits) using the valuation method prescribed by the IRS) was 76.4%, which satisfiesIRS satisfied the minimum funded percentage requirements of the IRS.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
22
/Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our facilities and administrative offices by division, type including their total acreage,and location were as follows as of August 31, 2017:2019:
|
|
|
| Number of Facilities |
|
| ||||||
Division | Type | Location |
| Owned(1) |
|
|
| Leased |
|
| ||
AMR: | Administrative Offices | California |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 2 |
|
|
|
| New York |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| Rhode Island |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| Auto Parts Stores | Alberta, Canada |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 3 |
|
|
|
| Arkansas |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| British Columbia, Canada |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| California(2) |
|
| 3 |
|
|
|
| 16 |
|
|
|
| Florida |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| Illinois |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| Indiana |
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
|
| Kansas |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| Missouri |
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| 3 |
|
|
|
| Nevada |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 2 |
|
|
|
| Ohio |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| Oregon |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 2 |
|
|
|
| Rhode Island |
|
| 2 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
|
| Texas |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 5 |
|
|
|
| Utah |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| Virginia |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| Washington |
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| 4 |
|
|
| Metals Recycling | Alabama |
|
| 3 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
|
| British Columbia, Canada |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 4 |
|
|
|
| California |
|
| 4 |
| [A] | [B] |
| — |
|
|
|
| Georgia |
|
| 8 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
|
| Hawaii |
|
| 1 |
| [A] | [B] |
| 1 |
|
|
|
| Maine |
|
| 2 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
|
| Massachusetts |
|
| 2 |
| [A] | [B] |
| 2 |
|
|
|
| Montana |
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
|
| Nevada |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| New Hampshire |
|
| 2 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
|
| Puerto Rico |
|
| 1 |
| [A] | [B] |
| 3 |
|
|
|
| Rhode Island |
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| 1 |
| [A] |
|
| Tennessee |
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
|
| Washington |
|
| 1 |
| [A] | [B] |
| 1 |
|
|
CSS: | Steel Mill | Oregon |
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
| Steel Distribution | California |
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
| Metals Recycling | Oregon |
|
| 4 |
| [A] | [B] |
| — |
|
|
|
| Washington |
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| — |
|
|
Corporate: | Administrative Offices | Oregon |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
|
| Total Operating Facilities and Administrative Offices |
|
| 42 |
|
|
|
| 61 |
|
|
|
| Non-Operating(3) |
| 11 |
|
|
|
| 13 |
|
| |
|
| Total Facility and Administrative Offices |
| 53 |
|
|
|
| 74 |
|
| |
| Division | No. of Facilities | Acreage | |||||||||
| Leased | Owned | Total | |||||||||
| Corporate offices – Domestic | 1 | — | — | — | |||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling: | |||||||||||
Domestic:(1) | |||||||||||
| Administrative offices | 3 | — | — | — | |||||||
| Collection and processing | 31 | 47 | 445 | 492 | |||||||
| Collection | 4 | 5 | 14 | 19 | |||||||
| Auto parts stores | 49 | 583 | 166 | 749 | |||||||
Non-operating sites(4) | 17 | 47 | 160 | 207 | |||||||
Foreign:(2) | |||||||||||
| Collection and processing | 3 | 28 | 4 | 32 | |||||||
| Collection | 1 | 6 | — | 6 | |||||||
| Auto parts stores | 4 | 50 | — | 50 | |||||||
Non-operating sites(4) | 7 | 24 | — | 24 | |||||||
| Cascade Scrap and Steel: | |||||||||||
| Domestic: | |||||||||||
| Steel mill and administrative offices | 2 | — | 85 | 85 | |||||||
| Collection and processing | 3 | — | 98 | 98 | |||||||
| Collection | 2 | — | 8 | 8 | |||||||
Non-operating sites(4) | 2 | — | 50 | 50 | |||||||
| Total company: | |||||||||||
| Domestic | 114 | 682 | 1,026 | 1,708 | |||||||
Foreign(2) | 15 | 108 | 4 | 112 | |||||||
Total(3) | 129 | 790 | 1,030 | 1,820 | |||||||
[A] | Operation includes a deep water port. Puerto Rico and Hawaii operations access deep water ports through public docks. |
[B] | Includes large-scale shredding operations. |
(1) | Includes 5 primarily owned facilities where an adjacent or supplementary parcel of the site is leased. |
(2) | Three sites are jointly |
(3) | |
Non-operating sites |
23 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
We consider all operating properties, both owned and leased, to be well-maintained, in good operating condition and suitable and adequate to carry on our business.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we are involved in various litigation matters that arise in the ordinary course of business involving normal and routine claims, including environmental compliance matters. Such proceedings include, but are not limited to, proceedings relating to our status as a potentially responsible party with respect to the Portland Harbor Superfund Site, proceedings relating to other legacy environmental issues, and proceedings arising from accidents involving Company-owned vehicles, including Company tractor trailers. For additional information regarding such matters, see Note 98 – Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report. Except as described in such Note, we currently believe that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows or business.
In fiscal 2013, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts advised us of alleged violations of environmental requirements, including but not limited to those related to air emissions and hazardous waste management, at our operations in the Commonwealth. We actively engaged in discussions with the Commonwealth's representatives, which resulted in a settlement agreement to resolve the alleged violations. A consent judgment was jointly filed with and entered by the Superior Court for the County of Suffolk, Commonwealth of Massachusetts on September 24, 2015. The settlement involved a $450,000$450 thousand cash payment, an additional $450,000$450 thousand in suspended payments to be waived upon completion of a shredder emission control system and certain other specified milestones, and $350,000$350 thousand in supplemental environmental projects that we have completed.
We are continuing settlement discussions with the Alameda County District Attorney and the California Office of the Attorney General (COAG), the latter on behalf of certain state agencies, are jointly investigatingregarding alleged violations of environmental requirements, including but not limited to those related to hazardous waste management and water quality, at one of our operations in the California. We are currently engagedCalifornia stemming from investigations initiated in extensive discussions2013 and inspections conducted in 2015. In conjunction with the governmental representatives concerning the nature, extent and schedule for implementation ofon-going settlement discussions, we have completed or have underway various facility upgrades and remedial activities that have been completed or that are underway and are included in our capital expenditure budget and that we believe
The California Office of the Attorney GeneralCOAG has also received a formal enforcement referral relating to another facility that we operate in California. This matter grew out of an agency inspection of the facility in 2014 and subsequent issuance of a Summary of Violations in 2015 setting forth a number of alleged violations relating to hazardous waste management requirements. We were notified bydisputed the agency thatallegations in our response to the Summary of Violations, was not accepted and thatthe state agency referred the matter had been referred to COAG. COAG and Schnitzer Fresno, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary, which operates the Attorney General.facility, have agreed to settle the matter for $490 thousand, of which $368 thousand shall be paid as a civil penalty and $122 thousand shall be paid for agency investigation and enforcement costs. We are currently engaged in settlement discussions to resolve this matter. Based on the natureprocess of the specific allegations and the fact that the activities in question were conducted several years ago and are not ongoing, as well asnegotiating the settlement discussions to datedocumentation and resolution of a similar enforcement proceeding that has recently been concluded in California, we do not believe the resolution of this threatened enforcement proceeding will be material to our financial position, results of operations, cash flows or liquidity.
In addition, we were informed in late July 2017 that the New Hampshire Office of the Attorney General (NHOAG) is contemplating bringing a civil action in connection with a legacy environmental issue at a closed facility in New Hampshire owned and previously operated by New England Metal Recycling LLC (NEMR), an indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary. This matter had been formally referred to the New Hampshire Office of Attorney GeneralNHOAG and relates to subsurface automotive shredder residue (ASR) located at the site that we discovered and self-reported in response to findings from a routine inspection of the site by the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NHDES) in May 2015. It appears that this subsurface ASR dates back to 2006 or before and may have resulted from the failure to complete a corrective action plan in 2006, although a former NEMR employee reported at the time that the work had been completed. In April 2017, NEMR received a letter of deficiency alleging violations of environmental requirements relating to the characterization and disposal of hazardous waste in connection with the subsurface ASR. We have commenced removal of a portion of the material and are continuing to workfinalizing agreement with the NHDES to prepare and implementon a remedial action plan for the remainder of the material. On June 15, 2018, the NHOAG sent a letter indicating their intent to file a petition seeking civil penalties and have accrued for our expected costinjunctive relief in this matter. The letter included a draft petition and stated the NHOAG’s interest in beginning negotiations which may lead to a resolution of such work. We expect to enterthis matter. The Company had previously entered into settlementa tolling agreement with the NHOAG and has entered into negotiations with the Attorney General’s Office priorNHOAG to filing of any petition in the event they proceed with an enforcement case.settle this matter. Based on the nature of the specific allegations and the fact that the activities in question were conducted overmore than ten years ago, as well as our self-reporting of the matter and cooperation to date in pro-activelyproactively pursuing a remediation action plan, we do not believe the resolution of this threatened enforcement proceeding will be material to our financial position, results of operations, cash flows or liquidity.
24 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
In January 2018, the Company received a finding of violation letter from EPA with respect to alleged violations of environmental requirements stemming from refrigerant recovery management program inspections at 12 of our facilities in the New England and Pacific Northwest regions in July 2017 and November 2017. Except with respect to a minor and now corrected non-compliance matter at one facility, we believe that we have fully complied with the relevant regulations. Nevertheless, in December 2017 and prior to receipt of the EPA letter, we implemented improvements to our refrigerant recovery management program to further strengthen that program, including improvements to address concerns raised by EPA during the inspections. We have conferred with EPA regarding the alleged violations and are in negotiations with EPA to settle this matter. Based on the settlement discussions to date and the program improvements we have implemented or have proposed to implement, we do not believe that the outcome of this matter will be material to our financial position, results of operations, cash flows or liquidity.
In February 2019, the Company received a letter sent on behalf of the District Attorneys for six counties in California notifying the Company of a joint investigation into the alleged mishandling of hazardous materials and hazardous waste and into the Company’s disposal practices, as well as alleged water pollution violations, at various Pick-n-Pull locations within California and requesting a meeting to discuss the alleged violations. Due to the Company’s commitment to compliance with environmental requirements we are implementing additional compliance measures. Based on these additional actions and the initial discussions with the District Attorneys’ offices, we expect to negotiate a settlement of this matter that will address the concerns raised in this joint investigation. There has been no discussion to date of potential monetary sanctions.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Information about our executive officers is incorporated by reference from Part III, Item 10 of this annual report.
25 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our Class A common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol SCHN. There were 192168 holders of record of Class A common stock on October 20, 2017.22, 2019. Our Class A common stock has been trading since November 16, 1993. The following table sets forth the high and low trading stock prices reported on NASDAQ and the dividends paid per share for the periods indicated.
| Fiscal 2017 | |||||||||||
| High Price | Low Price | Dividends Per Share | |||||||||
| First Quarter | $ | 30.33 | $ | 17.30 | $ | 0.1875 | |||||
| Second Quarter | $ | 30.60 | $ | 22.55 | $ | 0.1875 | |||||
| Third Quarter | $ | 25.00 | $ | 17.50 | $ | 0.1875 | |||||
| Fourth Quarter | $ | 27.70 | $ | 18.65 | $ | 0.1875 | |||||
| Fiscal 2016 | |||||||||||
| High Price | Low Price | Dividends Per Share | |||||||||
| First Quarter | $ | 17.81 | $ | 12.64 | $ | 0.1875 | |||||
| Second Quarter | $ | 16.93 | $ | 11.70 | $ | 0.1875 | |||||
| Third Quarter | $ | 21.57 | $ | 14.49 | $ | 0.1875 | |||||
| Fourth Quarter | $ | 20.65 | $ | 14.83 | $ | 0.1875 | |||||
We declared our 102nd consecutive quarterly dividend in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019. The payment of future dividends is subject to approval by our Board of Directors and continued compliance with the terms of our credit agreement. See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Part II, Item 7 of this report for further discussion of our credit agreement.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Pursuant to a share repurchase program as amended in 2001, 2006 and 2006,2008, we were authorized to repurchase up to
The share repurchase program does not require us to acquire any specific number of shares, and we may suspend, extend or terminate the program at any time without prior notice and the program may be executed through open-market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or utilizing Rule 10b5-1 programs. We evaluate long- and short-range forecasts as well as anticipated sources and uses
The table presents a summary of cash before determiningour share repurchases during the course of action that would best enhance shareholder value.quarter ended August 31, 2019:
Period |
| Total Number of Shares Purchased |
|
| Average Price Paid per Share |
|
| Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |
|
| Maximum Number of Shares that may yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
| ||||
June 1 – June 30, 2019 |
|
| — |
|
| $ | — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 873,680 |
|
July 1 – July 31, 2019 |
|
| 114,740 |
|
| $ | 26.12 |
|
|
| 114,740 |
|
|
| 758,940 |
|
August 1 – August 31, 2019 |
|
| — |
|
| $ | — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 758,940 |
|
Total fourth quarter 2019 |
|
| 114,740 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 114,740 |
|
|
|
|
|
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
See Note 1412 - Share-Based Compensation in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report for information regarding securities authorized for issuance under share-based compensation plans.
26 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Performance Graph
The following graph and related information compares cumulative total shareholder return on our Class A common stock for the five-year period from September 1, 20122014 through August 31, 2017,2019, with the cumulative total return for the same period of (i) the S&P 500 Steel Index and (ii) the S&P Steel Index and (iii) the NASDAQ Composite600 Metals & Mining Index. These comparisons assume an investment of $100 at the commencement of the five-year period and that all dividends are reinvested. The stock performance outlined in the performance graph below is not necessarily indicative of our future performance, and we do not endorse any predictions as to future stock performance.
|
| Year Ended August 31, |
| |||||||||||||||||||||
|
| 2014 |
|
| 2015 |
|
| 2016 |
|
| 2017 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2019 |
| ||||||
Schnitzer Steel Industries(1) |
| $ | 100 |
|
| $ | 65 |
|
| $ | 74 |
|
| $ | 109 |
|
| $ | 110 |
|
| $ | 95 |
|
S&P 500 Steel |
| $ | 100 |
|
| $ | 78 |
|
| $ | 87 |
|
| $ | 99 |
|
| $ | 112 |
|
| $ | 88 |
|
S&P 600 Metals & Mining |
| $ | 100 |
|
| $ | 52 |
|
| $ | 52 |
|
| $ | 70 |
|
| $ | 72 |
|
| $ | 47 |
|
| Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||
Schnitzer Steel Industries(1) | $ | 100 | $ | 94 | $ | 106 | $ | 69 | $ | 78 | $ | 116 | |||||||||||
| NASDAQ | 100 | 119 | 153 | 162 | 179 | 223 | |||||||||||||||||
| S&P 500 | 100 | 119 | 149 | 149 | 168 | 195 | |||||||||||||||||
| S&P Steel Index | 100 | 99 | 125 | 97 | 108 | 123 | |||||||||||||||||
(1) | |
Because we operate in two distinct but related businesses, we have no direct market peer issuers. |
27 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth selected consolidated financial and other data for each of the five years in the period ended August 31, 2017.2019. The selected consolidated financial and other data presented below should be read in conjunction with Management'sManagement’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations set forth in Part II, Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
|
| Year ended August 31, |
| |||||||||||||||||
|
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
|
| 2017 |
|
|
| 2016 |
|
|
| 2015 |
|
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per share amounts) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
| $ | 2,132,781 |
|
| $ | 2,364,715 |
|
| $ | 1,687,591 |
|
| $ | 1,352,543 |
|
| $ | 1,915,399 |
|
Operating income (loss)(1) |
| $ | 83,865 |
|
| $ | 148,988 |
|
| $ | 56,013 |
|
| $ | (7,842 | ) |
| $ | (195,529 | ) |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
| $ | 58,570 |
|
| $ | 159,443 |
|
| $ | 47,368 |
|
| $ | (16,240 | ) |
| $ | (187,849 | ) |
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax(2) |
| $ | (248 | ) |
| $ | 346 |
|
| $ | (390 | ) |
| $ | (1,348 | ) |
| $ | (7,227 | ) |
Net income (loss) attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 56,345 |
|
| $ | 156,451 |
|
| $ | 44,511 |
|
| $ | (19,409 | ) |
| $ | (197,009 | ) |
Income (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders (diluted) |
| $ | 2.01 |
|
| $ | 5.46 |
|
| $ | 1.60 |
|
| $ | (0.66 | ) |
| $ | (7.03 | ) |
Net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI shareholders (diluted) |
| $ | 2.00 |
|
| $ | 5.47 |
|
| $ | 1.58 |
|
| $ | (0.71 | ) |
| $ | (7.29 | ) |
Dividends declared per common share |
| $ | 0.75 |
|
| $ | 0.75 |
|
| $ | 0.75 |
|
| $ | 0.75 |
|
| $ | 0.75 |
|
OTHER DATA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales volumes (in thousands)(3): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AMR recycled ferrous metal (LT)(4) |
|
| 3,740 |
|
|
| 3,708 |
|
|
| 3,145 |
|
|
| 2,899 |
|
|
| 3,186 |
|
AMR recycled nonferrous metal (pounds) |
|
| 608,294 |
|
|
| 571,705 |
|
|
| 540,791 |
|
|
| 473,737 |
|
|
| 539,850 |
|
CSS finished steel products (ST) |
|
| 478 |
|
|
| 519 |
|
|
| 496 |
|
|
| 488 |
|
|
| 540 |
|
Average net selling price(3)(5): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AMR recycled ferrous metal (per LT) |
| $ | 289 |
|
| $ | 317 |
|
| $ | 242 |
|
| $ | 193 |
|
| $ | 264 |
|
AMR recycled nonferrous metal (per pound) |
| $ | 0.59 |
|
| $ | 0.72 |
|
| $ | 0.63 |
|
| $ | 0.60 |
|
| $ | 0.74 |
|
CSS finished steel products (per ST) |
| $ | 713 |
|
| $ | 666 |
|
| $ | 534 |
|
| $ | 522 |
|
| $ | 639 |
|
|
| August 31, |
| |||||||||||||||||
|
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
|
| 2017 |
|
|
| 2016 |
|
|
| 2015 |
|
BALANCE SHEET DATA (in thousands): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
| $ | 1,160,746 |
|
| $ | 1,104,817 |
|
| $ | 933,755 |
|
| $ | 891,429 |
|
| $ | 962,299 |
|
Long-term debt, net of current maturities |
| $ | 103,775 |
|
| $ | 106,237 |
|
| $ | 144,403 |
|
| $ | 184,144 |
|
| $ | 227,572 |
|
| Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||
| STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA: | |||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except per share and dividend data) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,687,591 | $ | 1,352,543 | $ | 1,915,399 | $ | 2,534,926 | $ | 2,616,792 | |||||||||
Operating income (loss)(1) | $ | 56,013 | $ | (7,842 | ) | $ | (195,529 | ) | $ | 24,364 | $ | (323,178 | ) | ||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 47,368 | $ | (16,240 | ) | $ | (187,849 | ) | $ | 12,400 | $ | (275,781 | ) | ||||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax(2) | $ | (390 | ) | $ | (1,348 | ) | $ | (7,227 | ) | $ | (2,809 | ) | $ | (4,242 | ) | ||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to SSI | $ | 44,511 | $ | (19,409 | ) | $ | (197,009 | ) | $ | 5,924 | $ | (281,442 | ) | ||||||
| Income (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI (diluted) | $ | 1.60 | $ | (0.66 | ) | $ | (7.03 | ) | $ | 0.32 | $ | (10.40 | ) | ||||||
| Net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI (diluted) | $ | 1.58 | $ | (0.71 | ) | $ | (7.29 | ) | $ | 0.22 | $ | (10.56 | ) | ||||||
| Dividends declared per common share | $ | 0.750 | $ | 0.750 | $ | 0.750 | $ | 0.750 | $ | 0.750 | |||||||||
| OTHER DATA: | |||||||||||||||||||
Sales volumes (in thousands)(3): | |||||||||||||||||||
AMR recycled ferrous metal (tons)(4) | 3,145 | 2,899 | 3,186 | 3,591 | 3,666 | ||||||||||||||
| AMR recycled nonferrous metal (pounds) | 540,791 | 473,737 | 539,850 | 563,530 | 528,846 | ||||||||||||||
| CSS finished steel products (tons) | 496 | 488 | 540 | 533 | 488 | ||||||||||||||
Average net selling price(3)(5): | |||||||||||||||||||
| AMR recycled ferrous metal (per ton) | $ | 242 | $ | 193 | $ | 264 | $ | 347 | $ | 351 | |||||||||
| AMR recycled nonferrous metal (per pound) | $ | 0.63 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.74 | $ | 0.82 | $ | 0.89 | |||||||||
| CSS finished steel products (per ton) | $ | 534 | $ | 522 | $ | 639 | $ | 677 | $ | 680 | |||||||||
| August 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||
| BALANCE SHEET DATA (in thousands): | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 933,755 | $ | 891,429 | $ | 962,299 | $ | 1,355,210 | $ | 1,405,512 | |||||||||
| Long-term debt, net of current maturities | $ | 144,403 | $ | 184,144 | $ | 227,572 | $ | 318,842 | $ | 372,663 | |||||||||
(1) | |
Operating loss in fiscal 2016 includes a goodwill impairment charge of $9 million, |
(2) | |
In fiscal 2015, the Company ceased operations at seven auto parts stores, six of which qualified for discontinued operations reporting and whose results have been removed from other data on continuing operations for all periods presented, as applicable. |
(3) | |
Tons for recycled ferrous metal are |
(4) | |
The Company sold to external customers or delivered to its steel mill an aggregate of 4,319 thousand, 4,299 thousand, 3,628 thousand, 3,289 thousand, |
(5) | |
In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, the |
28 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This section includes a discussion of our operations for the three fiscal years ended
For discussion of our results of operations for fiscal year 2017 including comparison to fiscal 2018 refer to Part II, Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2018, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 24, 2018.
Business
Founded in 1906, Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. (“SSI”), an Oregon corporation, is one of North America’s largest recyclers of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal, including end-of-life vehicles, and a manufacturer of finished steel products.
Our internal organizational and reporting structure supportedincludes two operating and reportable segments: the Auto and Metals Recycling ("AMR"(“AMR”) business and the Steel Manufacturing Business ("SMB"). In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, in accordance with our plan announced in June 2017, we modified our internal organizational and reporting structure to combine our steel manufacturing operations, which had been reported as our SMB segment, with our Oregon metals recycling operations, which had been reported within our AMR segment, forming a new division named Cascade Steel and Scrap ("CSS"(“CSS”). The Oregon metals recycling operations include our shredding and export facilities in Portland, Oregon, and also include four metals recycling feeder yard operations located in Oregon and Southern Washington and one metals recycling joint venture ownership interest. The Oregon metals recycling operations source substantially all of the scrap raw material needs of our steel manufacturing operations. This change in organizational structure is intended to enhance our flexibility, generate internal synergies, and enable us to more effectively adjust to market changes across our recycling and steel manufacturing operations. We began reporting on this new segment structure in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 as reflected in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The segment data for the comparable periods presented has been recast to conform to the current period presentation for all activities of the reorganized segments. Recasting this historical information did not have an impact on the consolidated financial performance of SSI for any of the periods presented.
We use segment operating income to measure our segment performance. Restructuring chargesWe do not allocate corporate interest income and expense, income taxes, and other exit-related activities are not allocatedincome and expense to segment operating income because we do not include this information in our measurement of the segments’ performance. Expensereportable segments. Certain expenses related to shared services that support operational activities and transactions isare allocated from Corporate to the segments. Unallocated Corporate expense consists primarily of expense for management and certain administrative services that benefit both reportable segments. In addition, we do not allocate certain items to segment operating income because management does not include the information in its measurement of the performance of the operating segments. Such unallocated items include restructuring charges and other exit-related activities, charges (net of recoveries) related to legacy environmental matters, and provisions for certain legal matters. Because of the unallocated income and expense, the operating income of each reportable segment does not reflect the operating income the reportable segment would report as a stand-alone business. The results of discontinued operations are excluded from segment operating income and are presented separately, net of tax, from the results of ongoing operations for all periods presented. See Note 1816 – Segment Information in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report for a discussion of the primary activities of each reportable segment, total assets by reportable segment, operating results from continuing operations by reportable segment, revenues from external customers and concentration of sales to foreign countries.
Our results of operations depend in large part on the demand and prices for recycled metal in foreign and domestic markets and on the supply of raw materials, including end-of-life vehicles, available to be processed at our facilities. We respond to changes in selling prices for processed metal by seeking to adjust purchase prices for unprocessed scrap metal in order to manage the impact on our operating income. We believe we generally benefit from sustained periods of rising recycled scrap metal selling prices, which allow us to better maintain or increase both operating income and unprocessed scrap metal flow into our facilities. When recycled scrap metal selling prices decline, particularly for a sustained period, our operating margins typically compress.
Our deep water port facilities on both the East and West Coasts of the United StatesU.S. (in Everett, Massachusetts; Providence, Rhode Island; Oakland, California; Tacoma, Washington; and Portland, Oregon) and access to public deep water port facilities (in Kapolei, Hawaii;Hawaii and Salinas, Puerto Rico) allow us to efficiently meet the global demand for recycled ferrous metal by shippingenabling us to ship bulk cargoes to steel manufacturers located in Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and North America, Central America, and South America. Our exports of nonferrous recycled metal are shipped in containers through various public docks to specialty steelmakers, foundries, aluminum sheet and ingot manufacturers, copper refineries and smelters, brass and bronze ingot manufacturers, and wire and cable producers, wholesalers, and other recycled metal processors globally. We also transport both ferrous and nonferrous metals by truck, rail and barge in order to transfer scrap metal between our facilities for further processing, to load shipments at our export facilities, and to meet regional domestic demand.
Our results of operations also depend on the demand and prices for our finished steel products, the manufacture of which uses internally sourced ferrous recycled scrap metal as the primary feedstock, as well as other raw materials. Our steel mill in Oregon sells to industrial customers primarily in North America.
29 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Our quarterly operating results fluctuate based on a variety of factors including, but not limited to, changes in market conditions for ferrous and nonferrous recycled metal and finished steel products, the supply of scrap metal in our domestic markets, and varying demand for used auto parts from our self-service retail stores. TheseCertain of these factors are influenced, to a degree, by the impact of seasonal changes including severe weather conditions, which can impact the timing of shipments and inhibit construction activity utilizing our products, scrap metal collection at our facilities and production levels in our yards, and retail admissions and parts sales at our auto parts stores.
Strategic Priorities
As we continue to closely monitor economic conditions, we remain focused on the following core strategies and plans to meet our business goals and objectives:
• | Long-term expansion of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal supply and processing, sales volumes and operating margins; |
• | Technology investments and process improvements to increase the separation and recovery of recycled materials from our shredding process and to expand product optionality; |
• | Productivity and continuous improvement initiatives to ensure the safety of our employees, increase operating efficiency and effectiveness, advance sustainable business practices, improve natural resource stewardship, and reduce operating expense; |
• | Use of our seven deep water ports and ground-based logistics network to directly access customers domestically and internationally to meet demand for our products wherever it is greatest; |
• | Further optimization of our integrated recycling and steel manufacturing operating platforms to maximize opportunities for synergies, cost efficiencies and volumes; and |
• | Increase market share through initiatives to maximize volumes and through selective partnerships, alliances and acquisitions. |
Key economic factors and trends affecting the industries in which we operate
We sell recycled metals to the global steel industry for the production of finished steel. Our financial results largely depend on supply of raw materials in the U.S. and Western Canada and demand for recycled metal in foreign and domestic markets and for finished steel products in the Western U.S. Demand for most of our products is cyclical in nature and Western Canada.sensitive to changes in general economic conditions. The timing and magnitude of the economic cycles in the industries in which our products are used, including global steel manufacturing and nonresidential and infrastructure construction in the U.S., are difficult to predict. Global economic conditions, changes in supply and demand conditions, the strength of the U.S. dollar, and the availability and price of raw material alternatives, and trade actions such as tariffs affect market prices for and sales volumes of recycled ferrous and nonferrous metal in global markets and steel products in the Western U.S. and Western Canada and can have a significant impact on the results of operations for our reportable segments.
Beginning in fiscal 2012 and spanning through the first half of fiscal 2016, our markets were adversely impacted by a slowdown of economic activity globally. The macroeconomic uncertainty, combined with global steel-making overproduction and a strengthening of the U.S. dollar had resulted in deteriorating market conditions for global steel manufacturers and volatile pricing swings. The weak price environment for recycled metals in fiscal 2015 and the first half of fiscal 2016 was exacerbated by a decline in iron ore prices, a raw material used in steel-making blast furnaces which compete with EAF mills that use ferrous scrap metal as their primary feedstock. Low-priced steel billets which use iron ore as their primary raw material, and which are direct substitutes for ferrous scrap metal in the manufacture of finished steel, also contributed to lower scrap metal demand and prices during these years. The low economic growth in the U.S. and the lower scrap metal price environment contributed to constrained scrap flows in the domestic supply markets which led to significantly lower margins in our AMR business during fiscal 2015 and the first half of fiscal 2016 before prices and margins recovered during the second half of fiscal 2016. In2016 through fiscal 2017,2018, the combination of improved U.S. and global economic growth, and lower Chinese steel exports, drivenand increased use of EAFs by higher domestic demand and reductionssteel manufacturers in less efficient steel-making capacityother export markets contributed to improved demand and prices for ferrous recycled scrap metal, positively impacting our operating results.
30 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
In fiscal 2018, our CSS business benefited from reduced price pressure from steel imports, the impact of U.S. tariffs on steel imports, and steady demand for finished steel products in the West Coast markets which contributed to higher selling prices for our finished steel products. CSS experienced improved metal margins in fiscal 2018 from selling prices increasing faster than raw material purchase prices which, in combination with operational synergies gained following the integration of our steel manufacturing and Oregon metals recycling operations in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, led to significantly improved results compared to the prior year.
In fiscal 2019, weaker market conditions for recycled metals, primarily due to slower global economic growth and the effects of tariffs and other regulatory measures, resulted in lower average net selling prices for our ferrous and nonferrous recycled metal products and lower ferrous export sales volumes compared to fiscal 2018. Operating results at AMR in fiscal 2019 decreased significantly compared to fiscal 2018 as a result of operating margin compression from the decline in average net selling prices for our recycled metal products which outpaced the reduction in purchase costs for raw materials. Average net selling prices for ferrous recycled metal have trended downwards since the third quarter of fiscal 2018. Domestic ferrous sales volumes in fiscal 2019 increased compared to the prior year, reflecting strong demand in the U.S. market particularly during the first half of fiscal 2019, partially offsetting the adverse impact of the weaker ferrous export market conditions and lower average net selling prices. Nonferrous average net selling prices in fiscal 2019 decreased significantly compared to fiscal 2018 primarily reflecting reduced demand for nonferrous products globally, as well as the continued impact of Chinese import restrictions and tariffs on certain nonferrous products put into place starting in the second half of fiscal 2018.
In fiscal 2019, CSS benefited from reduced pressure from steel imports and higher net selling prices for finished steel products particularly during the first quarter of fiscal 2019, resulting in higher finished steel margins in fiscal 2019 compared to the prior year. However, these benefits were more than offset by lower finished steel and recycled metal sales volumes and increased steelmaking consumables costs compared to fiscal 2018, resulting in lower operating results at CSS year-over-year.
Executive Overview of Financial Results
We generated consolidated revenues of $1.7$2.1 billion in fiscal 2017, an increase2019, a decrease of 25%10% from the $1.4$2.4 billion of consolidated revenues generated in fiscal 2016,2018, primarily due to improvedreflecting weaker market conditions for recycled metals in the domestic and export marketsglobally resulting in lower average net selling prices for our ferrous and nonferrous products compared to the prior year. In fiscal 2019, the average net selling prices for ferrous and nonferrous recycled metal at AMR were 9%and 18% lower, respectively, compared to the prior year. Steel revenues in fiscal 2019 were flat compared to the prior year reflecting the impact of higher average net selling prices and increasedfor our finished steel products offset by lower finished steel sales volumes compared to the prior year, including benefits from increased sales diversification.
Consolidated operating income was $56$84 millionin fiscal 2019, compared to $149 million in fiscal 2017, compared to consolidated operating loss of $8 million in fiscal 2016. Adjusted consolidated2018. AMR reported operating income in fiscal 2017 was $542019 of $96 million, compared to $28$169 million in the prior year. AdjustedThe decrease in AMR operating results in fiscal 2017 exclude2019 was primarily the result of operating margin compression from the decline in average net recoveries on previously impaired assets of $1 million, a net gain from restructuringselling prices for our ferrous and exit-related activities of less than $1 million, and recoveries related tononferrous products which outpaced the resale or modification of previously contracted shipments of $1 million. Adjusted resultsreduction in fiscal 2016 excludepurchase costs for raw materials, partially offset by the impact of a goodwill impairment charge of $9 million, other asset impairment charges of $21 million, restructuring charges and other exit-related activities of $7 million, and recoveries related to the resale or modification of previously contracted shipments of $1 million. See the reconciliation of adjusted consolidated operating income (loss) in Non-GAAP Financial Measures at the end of this Item 7.
Consolidated selling, general and administrative ("(“SG&A"&A”) expense in fiscal 2017 increased2019 decreased by $23$17 million, or 15%8%, compared to the prior year primarily due to higherdecreased employee-related expenses, including an increase infrom lower incentive compensation accruals, resulting from improved financial performance, other expenses relatedand decreased environmental-related and legal and professional services expenses.
In fiscal 2019, we undertook productivity initiatives aimed at delivering $35 million in annual benefits in order to higher volumes,mitigate the weaker price environment in the ferrous and increased environmental liabilities. This increase was partially offset by incrementalnonferrous markets. We expect these benefits fromwill be achieved through a combination of production cost savings and productivity improvement measures.efficiencies, reductions in SG&A expense and increases in fiscal 2016 included a $6 million benefit from an insurance reimbursement.
31 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Net income from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders in fiscal 20172019 was $45$57 million, or $1.60 $2.01per diluted share, compared to net loss from continuing operations attributable to SSI of $18$156 million, or $(0.66)$5.46 per diluted share, in the prior year. Adjusted net income from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders in fiscal 20172019 was $43$61 million, or $1.53$2.16 per diluted share, compared to $19$161 million, or $0.69 $5.64per diluted share, in the prior year. Reported and adjusted net income from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders in fiscal 2018 included discrete income tax benefits totaling $37 million, or $1.30 per diluted share, related to the release of valuation allowances against certain deferred tax assets, and an income tax benefit of $7 million, or $0.24 per diluted share, related to the impacts of U.S. federal tax legislation enacted during the year.See the reconciliation of adjusted net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders in Non-GAAP Financial Measures at the end of this Item 7.
The following items further highlight selected liquidity and capital structure metrics:
• | Net cash provided by operating activities of $145 million in fiscal 2019, compared to $160 million in the prior year; |
• | Debt of $105 million as of August 31, 2019, compared to $107 million as of the prior year-end; |
• | Debt, net of cash, of $93 million as of August 31, 2019, compared to $103 million as of the prior year-end (see the reconciliation of debt, net of cash, in Non-GAAP Financial Measures at the end of this Item 7). |
• | Share repurchases totaling $13 million in fiscal 2019, compared to $17 million in the prior year. |
32 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Results of Operations
|
| For the Year Ended August 31, |
| |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| % Increase / (Decrease) |
| |||||
($ in thousands) |
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
|
| 2019 vs 2018 |
|
| 2018 vs 2017 |
| |||||
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auto and Metals Recycling |
| $ | 1,684,977 |
|
| $ | 1,908,966 |
|
| $ | 1,363,618 |
|
|
| (12 | )% |
|
| 40 | % |
Cascade Steel and Scrap |
|
| 459,416 |
|
|
| 480,641 |
|
|
| 339,620 |
|
|
| (4 | )% |
|
| 42 | % |
Intercompany revenue eliminations(1) |
|
| (11,612 | ) |
|
| (24,892 | ) |
|
| (15,647 | ) |
|
| (53 | )% |
|
| 59 | % |
Total revenues |
|
| 2,132,781 |
|
|
| 2,364,715 |
|
|
| 1,687,591 |
|
|
| (10 | )% |
|
| 40 | % |
Cost of goods sold: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auto and Metals Recycling |
|
| 1,458,212 |
|
|
| 1,607,628 |
|
|
| 1,158,154 |
|
|
| (9 | )% |
|
| 39 | % |
Cascade Steel and Scrap |
|
| 412,209 |
|
|
| 427,459 |
|
|
| 322,013 |
|
|
| (4 | )% |
|
| 33 | % |
Intercompany cost of goods sold eliminations(1) |
|
| (11,886 | ) |
|
| (24,602 | ) |
|
| (15,659 | ) |
|
| (52 | )% |
|
| 57 | % |
Total cost of goods sold |
|
| 1,858,535 |
|
|
| 2,010,485 |
|
|
| 1,464,508 |
|
|
| (8 | )% |
|
| 37 | % |
Selling, general and administrative expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auto and Metals Recycling |
|
| 130,920 |
|
|
| 133,044 |
|
|
| 116,461 |
|
|
| (2 | )% |
|
| 14 | % |
Cascade Steel and Scrap |
|
| 16,499 |
|
|
| 17,044 |
|
|
| 14,321 |
|
|
| (3 | )% |
|
| 19 | % |
Corporate(2) |
|
| 43,986 |
|
|
| 58,789 |
|
|
| 40,788 |
|
|
| (25 | )% |
|
| 44 | % |
Total selling, general and administrative expense |
|
| 191,405 |
|
|
| 208,877 |
|
|
| 171,570 |
|
|
| (8 | )% |
|
| 22 | % |
(Income) loss from joint ventures: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auto and Metals Recycling |
|
| (209 | ) |
|
| 107 |
|
|
| (2,218 | ) |
| NM |
|
| NM |
| ||
Cascade Steel and Scrap |
|
| (1,243 | ) |
|
| (2,060 | ) |
|
| (1,456 | ) |
|
| (40 | )% |
|
| 41 | % |
Total (income) loss from joint ventures |
|
| (1,452 | ) |
|
| (1,953 | ) |
|
| (3,674 | ) |
|
| (26 | )% |
|
| (47 | )% |
Asset impairment charges (recoveries), net: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auto and Metals Recycling |
|
| 63 |
|
|
| (933 | ) |
|
| (184 | ) |
| NM |
|
|
| 407 | % | |
Cascade Steel and Scrap |
|
| — |
|
|
| (88 | ) |
|
| (533 | ) |
| NM |
|
|
| (83 | )% | |
Total asset impairment charges (recoveries), net |
|
| 63 |
|
|
| (1,021 | ) |
|
| (717 | ) |
| NM |
|
|
| 42 | % | |
Operating income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auto and Metals Recycling |
|
| 95,991 |
|
|
| 169,120 |
|
|
| 91,405 |
|
|
| (43 | )% |
|
| 85 | % |
Cascade Steel and Scrap |
|
| 31,951 |
|
|
| 38,286 |
|
|
| 5,275 |
|
|
| (17 | )% |
|
| 626 | % |
Segment operating income |
|
| 127,942 |
|
|
| 207,406 |
|
|
| 96,680 |
|
|
| (38 | )% |
|
| 115 | % |
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities(3) |
|
| (365 | ) |
|
| 661 |
|
|
| 109 |
|
| NM |
|
|
| 506 | % | |
Corporate expense(2) |
|
| (43,986 | ) |
|
| (58,789 | ) |
|
| (40,788 | ) |
|
| (25 | )% |
|
| 44 | % |
Change in intercompany profit elimination(4) |
|
| 274 |
|
|
| (290 | ) |
|
| 12 |
|
| NM |
|
| NM |
| ||
Total operating income |
| $ | 83,865 |
|
| $ | 148,988 |
|
| $ | 56,013 |
|
|
| (44 | )% |
|
| 166 | % |
| For the Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| % Increase / (Decrease) | |||||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands) | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2017 vs 2016 | 2016 vs 2015 | ||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | $ | 1,363,618 | $ | 1,060,592 | $ | 1,513,315 | 29 | % | (30 | )% | |||||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | 339,620 | 304,032 | 435,113 | 12 | % | (30 | )% | ||||||||||
Intercompany revenue eliminations(1) | (15,647 | ) | (12,081 | ) | (33,029 | ) | 30 | % | (63 | )% | |||||||
| Total revenues | 1,687,591 | 1,352,543 | 1,915,399 | 25 | % | (29 | )% | ||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold: | |||||||||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | 1,158,154 | 905,863 | 1,372,456 | 28 | % | (34 | )% | ||||||||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | 322,013 | 283,006 | 402,374 | 14 | % | (30 | )% | ||||||||||
Intercompany cost of goods sold eliminations(1) | (15,659 | ) | (12,881 | ) | (32,152 | ) | 22 | % | (60 | )% | |||||||
| Total cost of goods sold | 1,464,508 | 1,175,988 | 1,742,678 | 25 | % | (33 | )% | ||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expense: | |||||||||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | 116,461 | 106,691 | 122,279 | 9 | % | (13 | )% | ||||||||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | 14,321 | 12,571 | 12,998 | 14 | % | (3 | )% | ||||||||||
Corporate(2) | 40,788 | 29,646 | 35,315 | 38 | % | (16 | )% | ||||||||||
| Total selling, general and administrative expense | 171,570 | 148,908 | 170,592 | 15 | % | (13 | )% | ||||||||||
| (Income) from joint ventures: | |||||||||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | (2,218 | ) | (386 | ) | (696 | ) | 475 | % | (45 | )% | |||||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | (1,456 | ) | (433 | ) | (794 | ) | 236 | % | (45 | )% | |||||||
| Total (income) from joint ventures | (3,674 | ) | (819 | ) | (1,490 | ) | 349 | % | (45 | )% | |||||||
| Goodwill impairment charges: | |||||||||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | — | 8,845 | 141,021 | NM | (94 | )% | |||||||||||
| Other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net: | |||||||||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | (184 | ) | 16,411 | 44,374 | NM | (63 | )% | ||||||||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | (533 | ) | 4,192 | — | NM | NM | |||||||||||
| Corporate | — | 79 | 745 | NM | (89 | )% | |||||||||||
| Total other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net | (717 | ) | 20,682 | 45,119 | NM | (54 | )% | ||||||||||
| Operating income (loss): | |||||||||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | 91,405 | 23,168 | (166,119 | ) | 295 | % | (114 | )% | |||||||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | 5,275 | 4,696 | 20,535 | 12 | % | (77 | )% | ||||||||||
| Segment operating income (loss) | 96,680 | 27,864 | (145,584 | ) | 247 | % | (119 | )% | |||||||||
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities(3) | 109 | (6,781 | ) | (13,008 | ) | NM | (48 | )% | |||||||||
Corporate expense(2) | (40,788 | ) | (29,725 | ) | (36,060 | ) | 37 | % | (18 | )% | |||||||
Change in intercompany profit elimination(4) | 12 | 800 | (877 | ) | (99 | )% | NM | ||||||||||
| Total operating income (loss) | $ | 56,013 | $ | (7,842 | ) | $ | (195,529 | ) | NM | (96 | )% | ||||||
NM = Not Meaningful
(1) | |
AMR sells a small portion of its recycled ferrous metal to CSS at prices that approximate local market rates. These intercompany revenues and cost of goods sold are eliminated in consolidation. |
(2) | |
Corporate expense consists primarily of unallocated expenses for management and certain administrative services that benefit both reportable segments. |
(3) | |
Restructuring charges consist of expense for severance, contract termination and other restructuring costs that management does not include in its measurement of the performance of the reportable segments. Other exit-related activities consist of asset impairments and accelerated depreciation, net of gains on exit-related disposals, related to site closures. |
(4) | |
Intercompany profits are not recognized until the finished products are sold to third parties; therefore, intercompany profit is eliminated while the products remain in inventory. |
33 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
We operate our business across two reportable segments: AMR and CSS. Additional financial information relating to these reportable segments is contained in Note 1816 - Segment Information in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.
Auto and Metals Recycling (AMR)
|
| For the Year Ended August 31, |
| |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| % Increase / (Decrease) |
| |||||
($ in thousands, except for prices) |
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
|
| 2019 vs 2018 |
|
| 2018 vs 2017 |
| |||||
Ferrous revenues |
| $ | 1,123,180 |
|
| $ | 1,288,287 |
|
| $ | 843,222 |
|
|
| (13 | )% |
|
| 53 | % |
Nonferrous revenues |
|
| 430,361 |
|
|
| 481,777 |
|
|
| 394,977 |
|
|
| (11 | )% |
|
| 22 | % |
Retail and other revenues |
|
| 131,436 |
|
|
| 138,902 |
|
|
| 125,419 |
|
|
| (5 | )% |
|
| 11 | % |
Total segment revenues |
|
| 1,684,977 |
|
|
| 1,908,966 |
|
|
| 1,363,618 |
|
|
| (12 | )% |
|
| 40 | % |
Cost of goods sold |
|
| 1,458,212 |
|
|
| 1,607,628 |
|
|
| 1,158,154 |
|
|
| (9 | )% |
|
| 39 | % |
Selling, general and administrative expense |
|
| 130,920 |
|
|
| 133,044 |
|
|
| 116,461 |
|
|
| (2 | )% |
|
| 14 | % |
(Income) loss from joint ventures |
|
| (209 | ) |
|
| 107 |
|
|
| (2,218 | ) |
|
| (295 | )% |
|
| (105 | )% |
Asset impairment charges (recoveries), net |
|
| 63 |
|
|
| (933 | ) |
|
| (184 | ) |
|
| (107 | )% |
| NM |
| |
Segment operating income |
| $ | 95,991 |
|
| $ | 169,120 |
|
| $ | 91,405 |
|
|
| (43 | )% |
|
| 85 | % |
Average recycled ferrous metal sales prices ($/LT):(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Domestic |
| $ | 272 |
|
| $ | 291 |
|
| $ | 236 |
|
|
| (7 | )% |
|
| 23 | % |
Foreign |
| $ | 295 |
|
| $ | 328 |
|
| $ | 244 |
|
|
| (10 | )% |
|
| 34 | % |
Average |
| $ | 289 |
|
| $ | 317 |
|
| $ | 242 |
|
|
| (9 | )% |
|
| 31 | % |
Ferrous sales volume (LT, in thousands): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Domestic |
|
| 1,265 |
|
|
| 1,085 |
|
|
| 948 |
|
|
| 17 | % |
|
| 14 | % |
Foreign |
|
| 2,475 |
|
|
| 2,623 |
|
|
| 2,197 |
|
|
| (6 | )% |
|
| 19 | % |
Total ferrous sales volume (LT, in thousands) |
|
| 3,740 |
|
|
| 3,708 |
|
|
| 3,145 |
|
|
| 1 | % |
|
| 18 | % |
Average nonferrous sales price ($/pound)(1)(2) |
| $ | 0.59 |
|
| $ | 0.72 |
|
| $ | 0.63 |
|
|
| (18 | )% |
|
| 14 | % |
Nonferrous sales volumes (pounds, in thousands)(2) |
|
| 608,294 |
|
|
| 571,705 |
|
|
| 540,791 |
|
|
| 6 | % |
|
| 6 | % |
Cars purchased (in thousands)(3) |
|
| 386 |
|
|
| 424 |
|
|
| 411 |
|
|
| (9 | )% |
|
| 3 | % |
Number of auto parts stores at period end |
|
| 51 |
|
|
| 52 |
|
|
| 53 |
|
|
| (2 | )% |
|
| (2 | )% |
| For the Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| % Increase / (Decrease) | |||||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands, except for prices) | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2017 vs 2016 | 2016 vs 2015 | ||||||||||||
| Ferrous revenues | $ | 843,222 | $ | 625,517 | $ | 934,057 | 35 | % | (33 | )% | |||||||
| Nonferrous revenues | 394,977 | 330,351 | 449,815 | 20 | % | (27 | )% | ||||||||||
| Retail and other revenues | 125,419 | 104,724 | 129,443 | 20 | % | (19 | )% | ||||||||||
| Total segment revenues | 1,363,618 | 1,060,592 | 1,513,315 | 29 | % | (30 | )% | ||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | 1,158,154 | 905,863 | 1,372,456 | 28 | % | (34 | )% | ||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expense | 116,461 | 106,691 | 122,279 | 9 | % | (13 | )% | ||||||||||
| (Income) from joint ventures | (2,218 | ) | (386 | ) | (696 | ) | 475 | % | (45 | )% | |||||||
| Goodwill impairment charges | — | 8,845 | 141,021 | NM | (94 | )% | |||||||||||
| Other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net | (184 | ) | 16,411 | 44,374 | NM | (63 | )% | ||||||||||
| Segment operating income (loss) | $ | 91,405 | $ | 23,168 | $ | (166,119 | ) | 295 | % | NM | |||||||
Average recycled ferrous metal sales prices ($/LT):(1) | |||||||||||||||||
| Domestic | $ | 236 | $ | 188 | $ | 261 | 26 | % | (28 | )% | |||||||
| Foreign | $ | 244 | $ | 196 | $ | 265 | 24 | % | (26 | )% | |||||||
| Average | $ | 242 | $ | 193 | $ | 264 | 25 | % | (27 | )% | |||||||
| Ferrous sales volume (LT, in thousands): | |||||||||||||||||
| Domestic | 948 | 859 | 1,003 | 10 | % | (14 | )% | ||||||||||
| Foreign | 2,197 | 2,040 | 2,183 | 8 | % | (7 | )% | ||||||||||
| Total ferrous sales volume (LT, in thousands) | 3,145 | 2,899 | 3,186 | 9 | % | (9 | )% | ||||||||||
Average nonferrous sales price ($/pound)(1)(2) | $ | 0.63 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.74 | 5 | % | (19 | )% | |||||||
Nonferrous sales volumes (pounds, in thousands)(2) | 540,791 | 473,737 | 539,850 | 14 | % | (12 | )% | ||||||||||
Cars purchased (in thousands)(3) | 411 | 319 | 337 | 29 | % | (5 | )% | ||||||||||
| Number of auto parts stores at period end | 53 | 52 | 55 | 2 | % | (5 | )% | ||||||||||
| Outbound freight included in cost of goods sold | $ | 97,400 | $ | 77,477 | $ | 110,789 | 26 | % | (30 | )% | |||||||
LT = Long Ton, which is equivalent to 2,240 pounds
NM = Not meaningful
(1) | |
Price information is shown after netting the cost of freight incurred to deliver the product to the customer. |
(2) | |
Average sales price and volume information excludes platinum group metals |
(3) | |
Cars purchased by auto parts stores only. |
AMR Segment Revenues
Revenues in fiscal 2017 increased2019 decreased by 29%12% compared to fiscal 20162018 primarily due to improvedweaker market conditions for recycled metals in the domestic and export marketsmetal globally, resulting in higherlower average net selling prices for our ferrous and increased sales volumesnonferrous products compared to fiscal 2018. Despite the prior year, including benefits from increased sales diversification. Average net selling prices for shipments oflower price environment, domestic ferrous scrap metal in fiscal 2017 increased by 25% compared to the prior year. Ferrous sales volumes in fiscal 2017 also2019 increased by 9%17% compared to the prior year due to higherincreased U.S. steel mill utilization, partially offsetting the adverse impact of the weaker ferrous export and domestic shipmentsmarket conditions in the year. Nonferrous revenues in fiscal 2017. Additionally, nonferrous sales volumes in fiscal 2017 were higher2019 decreased by 14%11% compared to the prior year, and nonferrousas average net selling prices were higherdecreased by 5%.
34 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
AMR Segment Operating Income
Operating income for fiscal 2017 2019 was $91$96 million, compared to $23$169 million in fiscal 2016. Adjusted2018. The decrease in AMR operating income in fiscal 2017 was $90 million, compared to $48 million in the prior year. See the reconciliation of AMR adjusted operating income (loss) in Non-GAAP Financial Measures at the end of this Item 7.
Cascade Steel and Scrap (CSS)
|
| For the Year Ended August 31, |
| |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| % Increase / (Decrease) |
| |||||
($ in thousands, except price) |
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
|
| 2019 vs 2018 |
|
| 2018 vs 2017 |
| |||||
Steel revenues(1) |
| $ | 367,956 |
|
| $ | 367,560 |
|
| $ | 280,767 |
|
|
| 0 | % |
|
| 31 | % |
Recycling revenues(2) |
|
| 91,460 |
|
|
| 113,081 |
|
|
| 58,853 |
|
|
| (19 | )% |
|
| 92 | % |
Total segment revenues |
|
| 459,416 |
|
|
| 480,641 |
|
|
| 339,620 |
|
|
| (4 | )% |
|
| 42 | % |
Cost of goods sold |
|
| 412,209 |
|
|
| 427,459 |
|
|
| 322,013 |
|
|
| (4 | )% |
|
| 33 | % |
Selling, general and administrative expense |
|
| 16,499 |
|
|
| 17,044 |
|
|
| 14,321 |
|
|
| (3 | )% |
|
| 19 | % |
(Income) from joint ventures |
|
| (1,243 | ) |
|
| (2,060 | ) |
|
| (1,456 | ) |
|
| (40 | )% |
|
| 41 | % |
Asset impairment charges (recoveries), net |
|
| — |
|
|
| (88 | ) |
|
| (533 | ) |
|
| (100 | )% |
|
| (83 | )% |
Segment operating income |
| $ | 31,951 |
|
| $ | 38,286 |
|
| $ | 5,275 |
|
|
| (17 | )% |
|
| 626 | % |
Finished steel average sales price ($/ST)(3) |
| $ | 713 |
|
| $ | 666 |
|
| $ | 534 |
|
|
| 7 | % |
|
| 25 | % |
Finished steel products sold (ST, in thousands) |
|
| 478 |
|
|
| 519 |
|
|
| 496 |
|
|
| (8 | )% |
|
| 5 | % |
Rolling mill utilization(4) |
|
| 88 | % |
|
| 88 | % |
|
| 83 | % |
|
| — | % |
|
| 6 | % |
| For the Year Ended August 31, | ||||||||||||||||||
| % Increase / (Decrease) | ||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands, except for price) | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2017 vs 2016 | 2016 vs 2015 | |||||||||||||
Steel revenues(1) | $ | 280,767 | $ | 269,905 | $ | 375,037 | 4 | % | (28 | )% | ||||||||
Recycling revenues(2) | 58,853 | 34,127 | 60,076 | 72 | % | (43 | )% | |||||||||||
| Total segment revenues | 339,620 | 304,032 | 435,113 | 12 | % | (30 | )% | |||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | 322,013 | 283,006 | 402,374 | 14 | % | (30 | )% | |||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expense | 14,321 | 12,571 | 12,998 | 14 | % | (3 | )% | |||||||||||
| (Income) from joint ventures | (1,456 | ) | (433 | ) | (794 | ) | 236 | % | (45 | )% | ||||||||
| Other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net | (533 | ) | 4,192 | — | NM | NM | ||||||||||||
| Segment operating income | $ | 5,275 | $ | 4,696 | $ | 20,535 | 12 | % | (77 | )% | ||||||||
Finished steel average sales price ($/ST)(3) | $ | 534 | $ | 522 | $ | 639 | 2 | % | (18 | )% | ||||||||
| Finished steel products sold (ST, in thousands) | 496 | 488 | 540 | 2 | % | (10 | )% | |||||||||||
Rolling mill utilization(4) | 83 | % | 63 | % | 73 | % | 32 | % | (14 | )% | ||||||||
ST = Short Ton, which is equivalent to 2,000 pounds
(1) | |
Steel revenues include primarily sales of finished steel products, semi-finished goods (billets) and manufacturing scrap. |
(2) | |
Recycling revenues include primarily sales of ferrous and nonferrous recycled scrap metal to export markets. |
(3) | |
Price information is shown after netting the cost of freight incurred to deliver the product to the customer. |
(4) | |
Rolling mill utilization |
CSS Segment Revenues
Revenues in fiscal 2017 increased2019 decreased by $36$21 million, or 12%4%, compared to fiscal 20162018 primarily due to increased exportsignificantly lower sales of ferrous recycled scrap metal,metal. Steel revenues were flat compared to the prior year reflecting the impact of higher average net selling prices for our finished steel products reflecting the impact of higher steel-making raw material costs, and higheroffset by lower finished steel sales volumes for finished steel products duecompared to stronger demand in the West Coast markets.
CSS Segment Operating Income
Operating income for fiscal 20172019 was just over $5$32 million, compared to operating income of just under $5$38 million in the prior year. AdjustedDecreased operating income in fiscal 2017 was $5 million, compared to adjusted operating income of $9 million in fiscal 2016. Adjusted results in fiscal 2017 exclude2019 primarily reflect the impact of lower finished steel sales volumes and recycled scrap metal sales, partially offset by higher finished steel margins driven by the effects of the higher price environment, and the benefits from productivity initiatives.
Corporate
Corporate SG&A expense decreased by $15 million or 25%, compared to the prior year primarily due to decreased employee-related expenses, including from lower incentive compensation accruals, and decreased environmental-related and legal and professional services expenses, partially offset by a net recovery on previously impaired assets$2 million charge related to the settlement of $1 million. Adjusted results in fiscal 2016 exclude other asset impairment charges of $4 million. See the reconciliation of CSS adjusted operating income in Non-GAAP Financial Measures at the end of this Item 7.
35
/Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Productivity Initiatives
In fiscal 2019, we undertook productivity initiatives aimed at delivering $35 million in fiscal 2017 benefited from stronger demand for our finished steel productsannual benefits in order to mitigate the West Coast markets duringweaker price environment in the fourth quarter and improved market conditions for ferrous and nonferrous recycled scrap metalmarkets. We expect these benefits will be achieved through a combination of production cost efficiencies, reductions in SG&A expense and increases in retail sales. Of the export markets. Thetotal, approximately 75% of the targeted benefits fromare in AMR with the improved conditions were partially offset by continued pressure from low-priced importsremainder split between CSS and costsCorporate. We achieved over 80% of $2 million associated with a major equipment upgrade at our steel mill in the first quarter of fiscal 2017. Operating results for both fiscal years were adversely impacted by selling prices for finished steel products falling faster than cost of goods sold, primarily during the first half of each year, resulting in compressed operating margins. Operating resultstotal targeted benefits in fiscal 2016 were adversely affected by impairment charges of $2 million on steel mill supplies inventory and $2 million on an investment in a metals recycling joint venture. Fiscal 2017 operating results included a net recovery on previously impaired assets of $1 million consisting primarily of a gain on2019 with the sale of a previously impaired metals recycling joint venture investment.
Income Tax
|
| Year Ended August 31, |
| |||||||||
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| |||
Income from continuing operations before income taxes |
| $ | 76,240 |
|
| $ | 141,853 |
|
| $ | 48,690 |
|
Income tax (expense) benefit |
| $ | (17,670 | ) |
| $ | 17,590 |
|
| $ | (1,322 | ) |
Effective tax rate |
|
| 23.2 | % |
|
| (12.4 | )% |
|
| 2.7 | % |
On December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed and enacted into law comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”), which, except for certain provisions, is effective for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018. The Tax Act’s primary change is a reduction in the export markets for ferrous and nonferrous recycled scrap metal contributedfederal statutory corporate tax rate from 35% to reduced recycled metal revenues compared to the prior year.
| Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Reported within other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net: | |||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | |||||||||||
| Long-lived assets | $ | — | $ | 7,336 | $ | 41,676 | |||||
| Accelerated depreciation | — | 6,208 | — | ||||||||
| Investments in joint ventures | 860 | — | — | ||||||||
| Assets held for sale | (1,044 | ) | 1,659 | 2,558 | |||||||
| Other assets | — | 1,208 | 140 | ||||||||
| Total Auto and Metals Recycling | (184 | ) | 16,411 | 44,374 | |||||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | |||||||||||
| Accelerated depreciation | 401 | — | — | ||||||||
| Investments in joint ventures | (934 | ) | 1,968 | — | |||||||
| Supplies inventory | — | 2,224 | — | ||||||||
| Total Cascade Steel and Scrap | (533 | ) | 4,192 | — | |||||||
| Corporate - Other assets | — | 79 | 745 | ||||||||
| (717 | ) | 20,682 | 45,119 | ||||||||
| Reported within restructuring charges and other exit-related activities: | |||||||||||
| Long-lived assets | — | 468 | — | ||||||||
| Accelerated depreciation | 96 | 630 | 3,836 | ||||||||
| Supplies inventory | — | 1,047 | — | ||||||||
| Other assets | 62 | 35 | — | ||||||||
| Exit-related gains | (565 | ) | (1,337 | ) | — | ||||||
| (407 | ) | 843 | 3,836 | ||||||||
| Reported within discontinued operations: | |||||||||||
| Long-lived assets | — | 673 | 2,666 | ||||||||
| Accelerated depreciation | — | 274 | — | ||||||||
| — | 947 | 2,666 | |||||||||
| Total | $ | (1,124 | ) | $ | 22,472 | $ | 51,621 | ||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| All Other Plans | Q2’15 Plan | Total Charges | All Other Plans | Q2’15 Plan | Total Charges | All Other Plans | Q2’15 Plan | Total Charges | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Severance costs | $ | — | $ | (24 | ) | $ | (24 | ) | $ | — | $ | 4,915 | $ | 4,915 | $ | 391 | $ | 5,330 | $ | 5,721 | |||||||||||||||
| Contract termination costs | 255 | 139 | 394 | 311 | 796 | 1,107 | 377 | 1,245 | 1,622 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other restructuring costs | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,223 | 2,048 | 3,271 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total restructuring charges | 255 | 115 | 370 | 311 | 5,711 | 6,022 | 1,991 | 8,623 | 10,614 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other exit-related activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset impairments and accelerated depreciation | — | 158 | 158 | — | 3,127 | 3,127 | — | 6,502 | 6,502 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gains on exit-related disposals | — | (565 | ) | (565 | ) | — | (1,337 | ) | (1,337 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other exit-related activities | — | (407 | ) | (407 | ) | — | 1,790 | 1,790 | — | 6,502 | 6,502 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total restructuring charges and exit-related activities | $ | 255 | $ | (292 | ) | $ | (37 | ) | $ | 311 | $ | 7,501 | $ | 7,812 | $ | 1,991 | $ | 15,125 | $ | 17,116 | |||||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities included in continuing operations | $ | (109 | ) | $ | 6,781 | $ | 13,008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities included in discontinued operations | $ | 72 | $ | 1,031 | $ | 4,108 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 48,690 | $ | (15,505 | ) | $ | (200,464 | ) | |||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | $ | (1,322 | ) | $ | (735 | ) | $ | 12,615 | |||
| Effective tax rate | 2.7 | % | (4.7 | )% | 6.3 | % | |||||
Our effective tax rate from continuing operations in fiscal 20172018 was an expensea benefit of 2.7%, which was lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35%12.4%. We reported a tax benefit on pre-tax income for fiscal 2018 primarily due to our fullthe release of valuation allowance positions and federal income tax refund claims, partially offset by increases inallowances against certain deferred tax liabilities from indefinite-lived assets, resulting in all jurisdictions.recognition of discrete tax benefits totaling $37 million in fiscal 2018, and the impact of the Tax Act. The release of valuation allowances in fiscal 2018 was the result of sufficient positive evidence at the time, including cumulative income in our U.S. and Canadian tax jurisdictions in recent years and projections of future taxable income based primarily on our improved financial performance, that it is more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets will be realized.
We assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis through an analysis of potential sources of future taxable income, including prior year taxable income available to absorb a carryback of tax losses, reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, tax planning strategies, and forecasts of taxable income. We consider all negative and positive evidence, including the weight of the evidence, to determine if valuation allowances against deferred tax assets are therequired.
We continue to maintain valuation allowances against certain deferred tax assets related to certain jurisdictions as a result of negative objective evidence, including the effects of historical losses in ourthese tax jurisdictions, outweighing positive objective and subjective evidence, indicating that it is more likely than notmore-likely-than-not that the associated tax benefit will not be realized.
See
Note| Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Revenues | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 8,263 | |||||
| Loss from discontinued operations before income taxes | $ | (390 | ) | $ | (1,348 | ) | $ | (7,227 | ) | ||
| Income tax benefit | — | — | — | ||||||||
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | $ | (390 | ) | $ | (1,348 | ) | $ | (7,227 | ) | ||
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We rely on cash provided by operating activities as a primary source of liquidity, supplemented by current cash on hand and borrowings under our existing credit facilities.
36 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Sources and Uses of Cash
We had cash balances of $7$12 million and $27$5 million as of August 31, 20172019 and 2016,2018, respectively. Cash balances are intended to be used primarily for working capital, capital expenditures, dividends, share repurchases, investments and acquisitions. We use excess cash on hand to reduce amounts outstanding under our credit facilities. As of August 31, 2017,2019, debt was $145$105 million, compared to $193$107 million as of August 31, 2016,2018, and debt, net of cash, was $138$93 million as of August 31, 2019 compared to $166$103 million as of August 31, 2016 (refer to2018 (see the reconciliation of debt, net of cash, in Non-GAAP Financial Measures below). Debt, netat the end of cash, decreased by $28 million primarily as a result of the positive cash flows generated by operating activities.
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 20172019 was $100$145 million, compared to $99$160 million in fiscal 2016 and $145 million2018.
Sources of cash other than from earnings in fiscal 2015.
Sources of cash other than from earnings in fiscal 2018 included a $26 million increase in accounts payable primarily due to higher raw material purchase prices and the timing of payments, and a $12$11 million combined increase in other accrued liabilities and accrued payroll and related liabilities primarily due to increases inincreased incentive compensation accruals resulting from improved financial performance.liabilities and higher legal accruals. Uses of cash in fiscal 20172018 included a $22$45 million increase in inventoryaccounts receivable primarily due to increases in recycled metal and finished steel selling prices and sales volumes, as well as the timing of sales and collections, and a $24 million increase in inventories due to higher raw material purchase prices, higher volumes on hand, and the impact of timing of purchases and sales, and a $36 million increase in accounts receivable primarily due to increases in recycled metal selling prices and sales volumes, and the timing of sales and collections.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities in fiscal 20172019 was $45$90 million, compared to $30$73 million in fiscal 2016 and $28 million in fiscal 2015.
Cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2017, 2016 and 20152019 included $45 million, $35 million and $32 million, respectively, in capital expenditures of $95 million to upgrade our equipment and infrastructure and for additional investments in nonferrous processing technologies and environmental and safety-related assets. For all fiscal years presented,assets, compared to $78 million in the prior year. The significant majority of capital expenditures were associated with projects at AMR.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities for fiscal 20172019 was $75$47 million, compared with $65$88 million in fiscal 20162018.
Uses of cash in both fiscal 2019 and $1192018 included $21 million for the payment of dividends and $13 million and $17 million, respectively, for share repurchases. Uses of cash in fiscal 2015.
Debt
Following is a summary of our outstanding balances and availability on credit facilities and long-term debt, exclusive of capital lease obligations (in thousands):
|
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2019 |
|
| Remaining Availability |
| ||
Bank secured revolving credit facilities(1) |
| $ | 96,835 |
|
| $ | 604,365 |
|
Other debt obligations |
| $ | 487 |
|
| N/A |
| |
| Outstanding as of 8/31/2017 | Remaining Availability | |||||||
Bank secured revolving credit facilities(1) | $ | 140,000 | $ | 197,040 | ||||
| Other debt obligations | $ | 706 | N/A | |||||
(1) | |
Remaining availability is net of |
37 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Our senior secured revolving credit facilities, which provide for revolving loans of $335$700 million and C$15 million, mature in April 2021August 2023 pursuant to a credit agreement with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, and other lenders party thereto. The $700 million credit facility includes a $50 million sublimit for letters of credit, a $25 million sublimit for swingline loans and a $50 million sublimit for multicurrency borrowings. Interest rates on outstanding indebtedness under the credit agreement are based, at our option, on either the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"(“LIBOR”), or the Canadian equivalent for C$ loans, plus a spread of between 1.75%1.25% and 2.75%, with the amount of the spread based on a pricing grid tied to the Company’s leverageour consolidated funded debt to EBITDA ratio, or the greater of (a) the prime rate, (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, or (c) the daily rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus 1.75%, in each case plus a spread of between zero and 1.00%1.50% based on a pricing grid tied to the Company's leverageour consolidated funded debt to EBITDA ratio. In addition, commitment fees are payable on the unused portion of the credit facilities at rates between 0.20%0.15% and 0.40%0.45% based on a pricing grid tied to our leverageconsolidated funded debt to EBITDA ratio.
We had borrowings outstanding under theour credit facilities of $140$97 million and $180$100 million as of August 31, 20172019 and 2016,2018, respectively. The weighted average interest rate on amounts outstanding under this facilityour credit facilities was 3.48%3.78% and 3.01%3.57% as of August 31, 20172019 and 2016,2018, respectively.
We use the credit facilities to fund working capital, capital expenditures, dividends, share repurchases, investments and acquisitions. TheOur credit agreement contains various representations and warranties, events of default and financial and other customary covenants which limit (subject to certain exceptions) our ability to, among other things, incur or suffer to exist certain liens, make investments, incur or guaranty additional indebtedness, enter into consolidations, mergers, acquisitions, and sales of assets, make distributions and other restricted payments, change the nature of our business, engage in transactions with affiliates and enter into restrictive agreements, including agreements that restrict the ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions. The financial covenants under the credit agreement include (a) a consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio, defined as the four-quarter rolling sum of consolidated adjusted EBITDA less defined maintenance capital expenditures and certain environmental expenditures divided by consolidated fixed charges;charges and (b) a consolidated leverage ratio, defined as consolidated funded indebtedness divided by the sum of consolidated net worth and consolidated funded indebtedness; and (c) a consolidated asset coverage ratio, defined as the consolidated asset value of eligible assets divided by the consolidated funded indebtedness.
As of August 31, 2017,2019, we were in compliance with the financial covenants under theour credit agreement. The consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio was required to be no less than 1.50 to 1.00 and was 3.163.65 to 1.00 as of August 31, 2017.2019. The consolidated leverage ratio was required to be no more than 0.55 to 1.00 and was 0.220.14 to 1.00 as of August 31, 2017. The asset coverage ratio was required to be no less than 1.00 to 1.00 and was 1.80 to 1.00 as of August 31, 2017.
Our obligations under theour credit agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of our subsidiaries. The credit facilities and the related guarantees are secured by senior first priority liens on certain of our and our subsidiaries’ assets, including equipment, inventory and accounts receivable.
While we expect to remain in compliance with the financial covenants under theour credit agreement, there can be no assurances that we will be able to do so in the event market conditions or other negative factors which adversely impact our results of operations and financial position lead to a trend of consolidated net losses. If we do not maintain compliance with our financial covenants and are unable to obtain an amendment or waiver from our lenders, a breach of a financial covenant would constitute an event of default and allow the lenders to exercise remedies under the agreements, the most severe of which is the termination of the credit facility under our committed bank credit agreement and acceleration of the amounts owed under the agreement. In such case, we would be required to evaluate available alternatives and take appropriate steps to obtain alternative funds. There can be no assurances that any such alternative funds, if sought, could be obtained or, if obtained, would be adequate or on acceptable terms.
Capital Expenditures
Capital expenditures totaled $45$95 million $35 million and $32 for fiscal 2019, compared to $78 million for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.2018. Capital expenditures in each of these yearsfiscal 2019 and 2018 were primarily to upgrade our equipment, facilities and infrastructure, and for additional investments in nonferrous processing technologies and environmental and safety-related projects.assets. We currently plan to invest in the range of $55up to $125 million to $70 million in capital expenditures in fiscal 2018, an increase from the expenditures made2020, including $60 million for investments in fiscal 2017 and 2016 primarily due to increased equipment replacement and upgrades, further investment ingrowth, including new nonferrous processing technologies,technology and environmentalto support volume initiatives and other growth projects, using cash generated from operations and available credit facilities.
Environmental Compliance
Building on our commitment to recycling and operating our business in an environmentally responsible manner, we continue to invest in facilities that improve our environmental presence in the communities in which we operate. As part of our capital expenditures discussed in the prior paragraph, we invested $17 million, $14$36 million and $10$20 million for environmental projects in fiscal 2017, 20162019 and 2015,2018, respectively. We plan to invest up to $20in the range of $15 million inof our planned capital expenditures for environmental projects in fiscal
38 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
We have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) as one of the potentially responsible parties that own or operate or formerly owned or operated sites which are part of or adjacent to the Portland Harbor Superfund site (“the Site”(the “Site”). See
Dividends
On August 2, 2019, our Board of Directors declared a dividend for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 of $0.1875 per common share, which equates to an annual cash dividend of $0.75 per common share. Dividends of $0.75 per common share, totaling $21 million, were declared and paid during fiscal 2019.
Share Repurchase Program
Pursuant to our amended share repurchase program, as of August 31, 2019, we have existing authorization to repurchase up to approximately 1.8 milliona remaining 759 thousand shares of our Class A common stock when we deem such repurchases to be appropriate. We evaluate long-may repurchase our common stock for a variety of reasons, such as to optimize our capital structure and short-range forecasts as well as anticipated sourcesto offset dilution related to share-based compensation arrangements. We consider several factors in determining whether to make share repurchases including, among other factors, our cash needs, the availability of funding, our future business plans and usesthe market price of cash before determining the course of action in our share repurchase program.stock. As of the beginning of fiscal 2015,2018, we had repurchased approximately 6.97.2 million shares of our Class A common stock under the program. We repurchased approximately 68516 thousand shares for a total of $1$17 million in open-market transactions in fiscal 2018, and 203approximately 527 thousand shares for a total of $3$13 million in open-market transactions in fiscal 2015 and 2016, respectively. We did not repurchase any shares in fiscal 2017.
Assessment of Liquidity and Capital Resources
Historically, our available cash resources, internally generated funds, credit facilities and equity offerings have financed our acquisitions, capital expenditures, working capital and other financing needs.
We generally believe our current cash resources, internally generated funds, existing credit facilities and access to the capital markets will provide adequate short-term and long-term liquidity needs for working capital, capital expenditures, dividends, share repurchases, dividends,investments and acquisitions, joint ventures, debt service requirements, environmental obligations investments and acquisitions.other contingencies. However, in the event of a sustained market deterioration, we may need additional liquidity, which would require us to evaluate available alternatives and take appropriate steps to obtain sufficient additional funds. There can be no assurances that any such supplemental funding, if sought, could be obtained or, if obtained, would be adequate or on acceptable terms.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
None requiring disclosure pursuant to Item 303 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
39 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
We have certain contractual obligations to make future payments. The following table summarizes these future obligations as of August 31, 20172019 (in thousands):
|
| Payment Due by Period |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
| 2020 |
|
|
| 2021 |
|
|
| 2022 |
|
|
| 2023 |
|
|
| 2024 |
|
| Thereafter |
|
| Totals |
| ||
Contractual Obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt(1) |
| $ | 94 |
|
| $ | 47 |
|
| $ | 49 |
|
| $ | 96,887 |
|
| $ | 56 |
|
| $ | 189 |
|
| $ | 97,322 |
|
Interest payments on long-term debt(2) |
|
| 3,315 |
|
|
| 3,311 |
|
|
| 3,308 |
|
|
| 3,242 |
|
|
| 15 |
|
|
| 24 |
|
|
| 13,215 |
|
Capital leases, including interest |
|
| 1,917 |
|
|
| 1,799 |
|
|
| 1,751 |
|
|
| 1,622 |
|
|
| 1,346 |
|
|
| 1,694 |
|
|
| 10,129 |
|
Operating leases |
|
| 21,286 |
|
|
| 15,301 |
|
|
| 12,488 |
|
|
| 10,419 |
|
|
| 5,035 |
|
|
| 16,095 |
|
|
| 80,624 |
|
Purchase obligations(3) |
|
| 88,989 |
|
|
| 7,096 |
|
|
| 5,767 |
|
|
| 4,448 |
|
|
| 4,130 |
|
|
| 3,469 |
|
|
| 113,899 |
|
Other(4) |
|
| 220 |
|
|
| 332 |
|
|
| 329 |
|
|
| 325 |
|
|
| 321 |
|
|
| 6,149 |
|
|
| 7,676 |
|
Total |
| $ | 115,821 |
|
| $ | 27,886 |
|
| $ | 23,692 |
|
| $ | 116,943 |
|
| $ | 10,903 |
|
| $ | 27,620 |
|
| $ | 322,865 |
|
| Payment Due by Period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Contractual Obligations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt(1) | $ | 41 | $ | 153 | $ | 92 | $ | 140,050 | $ | 53 | $ | 317 | $ | 140,706 | |||||||||||||
Interest payments on long-term debt(2) | 4,904 | 4,914 | 4,900 | 3,135 | 26 | 61 | 17,940 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital leases, including interest | 1,169 | 1,043 | 1,022 | 885 | 753 | 1,824 | 6,696 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating leases | 19,572 | 16,824 | 13,333 | 7,894 | 5,317 | 22,410 | 85,350 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase obligations(3) | 73,230 | 15,143 | 14,985 | 3,591 | 2,067 | 5,600 | 114,616 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other(4) | 217 | 314 | 311 | 308 | 305 | 3,325 | 4,780 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 99,133 | $ | 38,391 | $ | 34,643 | $ | 155,863 | $ | 8,521 | $ | 33,537 | $ | 370,088 | |||||||||||||
(1) | |
Long-term debt represents the principal amounts of all outstanding long-term debt, maturities of which extend to |
(2) | |
Interest payments on long-term debt are based on interest rates in effect as of August 31, |
(3) | |
Purchase obligations include all enforceable, legally binding agreements to purchase goods or services that specify all significant terms, regardless of the duration of the |
(4) | |
Other contractual obligations consist of pension funding obligations and other accrued liabilities. |
We maintain stand-by letters of credit to provide support for certain obligations, including workers’ compensation and performance bonds. At August 31, 2017,2019, we had $10$10 million outstanding under these arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make certain judgments, estimates, and assumptions regarding uncertainties that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. An accounting policy is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions and judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain at the time the estimate is made, if different estimates reasonably could have been used, or if changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur could materially impact our consolidated financial statements. We deem critical accounting policies to be those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations. Because of the uncertainty inherent in these matters, actual results could differ from the estimates we use in applying the critical accounting policies. We are not currently aware of any reasonably likely events or circumstances that would result in materially different amounts being reported.
Our critical accounting estimates include those related to goodwill,inventories, long-lived assets, goodwill, environmental costs, revenue recognition, and income taxes.
Inventories
Our inventories accounting for business combinationsconsist of processed and revenue recognition.
40 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
The accounting process we use to record ferrous scrap metal quantities relies on significant estimates. With respect to estimating the quantities of Contents
Long-Lived Assets
We test long-lived tangible and intangible assets for impairment at the asset group level, which is determined based on the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. For our metals recycling operations reported within AMR, an asset group is generally comprisedconsists of the regional shredding and export operation along with surrounding feeder yards. For regions with no shredding and export operations, each metals recycling yard is an asset group. For our auto parts operations, generally each auto parts store is an asset group. The combined steel manufacturing and metals recycling operations within CSS are a single asset group. Prior to their combination into CSS in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, our steel manufacturing operations and Oregon metals recycling operations were distinct asset groups. We test our asset groups for impairment when certain triggering events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset group may be impaired. If the carrying value of the asset group is not recoverable because it exceeds the estimate of future undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group, an impairment loss is recognized by the amount the carrying value exceeds its fair value, if any. The impairment loss is allocated to the long-lived assets of the group on a pro rata basis using the relative carrying amounts of those assets, except that the loss allocated to an individual long-lived asset of the group shall not reduce the carrying amount of that asset below its fair value. Fair value is determined primarily using the cost and market approaches.
With respect to individual long-lived assets, changes in circumstances may merit a change in the estimated useful lives or salvage values of the assets, which are accounted for prospectively in the period of change. For such assets, the useful life is shortened based on our current plans to dispose of or abandon the asset before the end of its original useful life and depreciation is accelerated beginning when that determination is made.
Goodwill
We evaluate goodwill for impairment annually and upon the occurrence of certain triggering events or substantive changes in circumstances that indicate that the fair value of goodwill may be impaired. Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment (referred to as a ‘component’).
When testing goodwill for impairment, we have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we elect to perform a qualitative assessment and determine that an impairment is more-likely-than-not, we are then required to perform the quantitative impairment test, otherwise no further analysis is required. We also may elect not to perform the qualitative assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test. When performing the quantitative impairment test, we apply a one-step quantitative test and record the amount of goodwill impairment as the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
We estimate the fair value of the reporting units using an income approach based on the present value of expected future cash flows utilizing a market-based weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) determined separately for each reporting unit. To estimate the present value of the cash flows that extend beyond the final year of the discounted cash flow model, we employ a terminal value technique, whereby we use estimated operating cash flows minus capital expenditures, adjust for changes in working capital requirements in the final year of the model, and then discount these estimated cash flows by the WACC to establish the terminal value.
The determination of fair value using the income approach requires judgment and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions about expected future cash flows derived from internal forecasts and the impact of market conditions on those assumptions. Critical assumptions primarily include revenue growth rates driven by future commodity prices and volume expectations, operating margins, capital expenditures, working capital requirements, tax rates, terminal growth rates, discount rates, benefits associated with a taxable transaction and synergistic benefits available to market participants.
41 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
We also use a market approach based on earnings multiple data and our Company’s market capitalization to corroborate our reporting units’ valuations. We reconcile the Company’s market capitalization to the aggregated estimated fair value of Contents
As a result of the inherent uncertainty associated with forming the estimates described above, actual results could differ from those estimates. Future events and changing market conditions may impact our assumptions as to future revenue and operating margin growth rates, market-based WACC, and other factors that may result in changes in our estimates of the reporting units’ fair value. Although we believe the assumptions used in testing our reporting units’ goodwill for impairment are reasonable, declines in market conditions from current levels, a trend of weaker than anticipated financial performance for the reporting unit with allocated goodwill, a decline in our share price from current levels for a sustained period of time, or an increase in the market-based WACC, among other factors, could significantly impact our impairment analysis and may result in future goodwill impairment charges that, if incurred, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019, we performed the annual goodwill impairment test as of July 1, 2019. As of the testing date, the balance of the Company’s goodwill was $170 million, and all but $1 million of such balance was carried by a single reporting unit within AMR. We elected to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances led to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of each reporting unit carrying goodwill is less than its carrying amount. As a result of the qualitative assessment, we concluded that it is not more-likely-than-not that the fair value of each reporting unit carrying goodwill is less than its carrying value as of the testing date and, therefore, no further impairment testing was required.
Environmental Costs
We operate in industries that inherently possess environmental risks. To manage these risks, we employ both our own environmental staff and outside consultants. Environmental staff and finance personnel meet regularly to discuss environmental risks. We estimate future costs for known environmental remediation requirements and accrue for them on an undiscounted basis when it is probable that we have incurred a liability and the related costs can be reasonably estimated but the timing of incurring the estimated costs is unknown. The regulatory and government management of these projects is complex, which is one of the primary factors that make it difficult to assess the cost of potential and future remediation. When only a wide range of estimated amounts can be reasonably established and no other amount within the range is better than any other, the low end of the range is recorded in the financial statements. If further developments or resolution of an environmental matter result in facts and circumstances that are significantly different than the assumptions used to develop these liabilities, the accrual for environmental remediation could be materially understated or overstated. Adjustments to these liabilities are made when additional information becomes available that affects the estimated costs to study or remediate any environmental issues or when expenditures for which accruals are established are made. The factors we consider in the recognition and measurement of environmental liabilities include:
• | Current regulations, both at the time the liability is established and during the course of the investigation or remediation process, which specify standards for acceptable remediation; |
• | Information about the site which becomes available as the site is studied and remediated; |
• | The professional judgment of senior level internal staff, who take into account similar, recent instances of environmental remediation issues, and studies of our sites, among other considerations; |
• | Available technologies that can be used for remediation; and |
• | The number and financial condition of other potentially responsible parties and the extent of their responsibility for the costs of study and remediation. |
Our accrued environmental liabilities as of
August 31,42 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue upon satisfying our promises to transfer goods or services to customers under the terms of Contents
In certain regional markets, we enter into contracts whereby we arrange for, or broker, the transfer of scrap material between scrap suppliers and end customers. For transactions in which we obtain substantive control of the scrap material before the goods are transferred to the end customer, for example by arranging for the processing or warehousing of the material, we recognize revenues on partially loaded shipments, which requires an estimaterevenue equal to the gross amount of the consideration we expect to receive from the customer (as principal). Alternatively, for transactions in which we do not obtain substantive control of the scrap material before the product weight involvedis transferred to the end customer, we recognize revenue equal to the net amount of the consideration we expect to retain after paying the supplier for the purchase of the scrap metal (as agent). We are the agent in any partial shipmentsthe transaction for the substantial majority of brokerage arrangements.
Nearly all of our sales contracts reflect market pricing at period end. Retail revenuesthe time the contract is executed, are one year or less, and generally provide for shipment within 30 to 60 days after the price has been agreed upon with the customer. Our retail auto parts sales are at listed prices and are recognized whenat the point of sale.
We recognize revenue based on contractually stated selling prices and quantities shipped, net of sales tax, and adjusted for estimated claims and discounts. Claims are customary in the recycled scrap metal industry and arise from variances in the quantity or quality of delivered products. Revenue adjustments may be required if the settlement of claims exceeds original estimates. Discounts offered to certain finished steel customers pay for parts. Historically, there have beenqualify as variable consideration as the discounts are contingent upon future events. Variable consideration arising from discounts is recognized upon the transfer of finished steel products to customers based upon either the expected value or the most likely amount. We experience very few sales returns and, adjustments that impact the ultimate collection of revenues; therefore, no material provisions for returns have been made when sales are recognized.
Income Taxes
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
On December 22, 2017, the salePresident of the United States signed and enacted into law comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”), which, except for certain provisions, is recognized.effective for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018. The Tax Act’s primary change is a reduction in the federal statutory corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, resulting in a pro rata reduction of the Company’s tax rate from 35% to 25.7% for fiscal 2018 and a full reduction to 21% for fiscal 2019. Other pertinent changes in the Tax Act include, but are not limited to, the acceleration of deductions for qualified property placed in service after September 27, 2017, limitations to the deductibility of some executive compensation, and the elimination of the deduction for qualified domestic production activities. Changes in the Tax Act that did not significantly impact us upon enactment include the implementation of a modified territorial tax system and other modifications to how foreign earnings are subject to U.S. tax, including a tax on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income which we have elected to treat as period costs if and when incurred.
As a change in tax law is accounted for in the period of enactment, we recognized a discrete benefit in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 due to the revaluation of U.S. net deferred tax liabilities to reflect the lower statutory rate. We present taxes assessed by governmental authorities collectedalso recorded a benefit in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 resulting from customersapplication of the lower federal statutory corporate tax rate to fiscal 2018 projected taxable income at that time. The accounting for the impacts of the Tax Act was complete as of November 30, 2018, and we did not record any material adjustments to the provisional amounts recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 related to the Tax Act.
43 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Valuation Allowances
We assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets on a net basis. Therefore,quarterly basis through an analysis of potential sources of future taxable income, including prior year taxable income available to absorb a carryback of tax losses, reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, tax planning strategies, and forecasts of taxable income. We consider all negative and positive evidence, including the taxesweight of the evidence, to determine if valuation allowances against deferred tax assets are excluded from revenuerequired. In fiscal 2018, we released valuation allowances against certain U.S. federal and are shown as a liabilitystate and Canadian deferred tax assets resulting in discrete tax benefits totaling $37 million. The release of these valuation allowances was the result of sufficient positive evidence at the time, including cumulative income in recent years and projections of future taxable income based primarily on our Consolidated Balance Sheets until remitted. Seeimproved financial performance, that it is more-likely-than-not that the discussion on credit risk contained in Item 7A of this report.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
For a description of recent accounting pronouncements that may have an impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, see
Note 3 – Recent Accounting Pronouncements in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Debt, net of cash
Debt, net of cash is the difference between (i) the sum of long-term debt and short-term borrowings (i.e., total debt) and (ii) cash and cash equivalents. We believe that debt, net of cash is a useful measure for investors because, as cash and cash equivalents can be used, among other things, to repay indebtedness, netting this against total debt is a useful measure of our leverage.
The following is a reconciliation of debt, net of cash (in thousands):
|
| August 31, 2019 |
|
| August 31, 2018 |
|
| August 31, 2017 |
| |||
Short-term borrowings |
| $ | 1,321 |
|
| $ | 1,139 |
|
| $ | 721 |
|
Long-term debt, net of current maturities |
|
| 103,775 |
|
|
| 106,237 |
|
|
| 144,403 |
|
Total debt |
|
| 105,096 |
|
|
| 107,376 |
|
|
| 145,124 |
|
Less cash and cash equivalents |
|
| 12,377 |
|
|
| 4,723 |
|
|
| 7,287 |
|
Total debt, net of cash |
| $ | 92,719 |
|
| $ | 102,653 |
|
| $ | 137,837 |
|
| August 31, 2017 | August 31, 2016 | August 31, 2015 | |||||||||
| Short-term borrowings | $ | 721 | $ | 8,374 | $ | 584 | |||||
| Long-term debt, net of current maturities | 144,403 | 184,144 | 227,572 | ||||||||
| Total debt | 145,124 | 192,518 | 228,156 | ||||||||
| Less: cash and cash equivalents | 7,287 | 26,819 | 22,755 | ||||||||
| Total debt, net of cash | $ | 137,837 | $ | 165,699 | $ | 205,401 | |||||
Net borrowings (repayment)(repayments) of debt
Net borrowings (repayment)(repayments) of debt is the sum of borrowings from long-term debt and repayments of long-term debt, proceeds from line of credit, and repayment of line of credit.debt. We present this amount as the net change in our borrowings (repayments) for the period because we believe it is useful for investors as a meaningful presentation of the change in debt.
The following is a reconciliation of net borrowings (repayments) of debt (in thousands):
|
| Fiscal 2019 |
|
| Fiscal 2018 |
|
| Fiscal 2017 |
| |||
Borrowings from long-term debt |
| $ | 431,048 |
|
| $ | 515,480 |
|
| $ | 433,336 |
|
Repayments of long-term debt |
|
| (435,353 | ) |
|
| (556,456 | ) |
|
| (481,757 | ) |
Net borrowings (repayments) of debt |
| $ | (4,305 | ) |
| $ | (40,976 | ) |
| $ | (48,421 | ) |
| Fiscal 2017 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | |||||||||
| Borrowings from long-term debt | $ | 433,336 | $ | 152,311 | $ | 140,536 | |||||
| Proceeds from line of credit | — | 135,500 | 266,500 | ||||||||
| Repayment of long-term debt | (481,757 | ) | (187,951 | ) | (231,103 | ) | |||||
| Repayment of line of credit | — | (135,500 | ) | (266,500 | ) | ||||||
| Net repayments of debt | $ | (48,421 | ) | $ | (35,640 | ) | $ | (90,567 | ) | ||
Adjusted consolidated operating income, (loss), adjusted AMR operating income, (loss), adjusted CSS operating income, adjusted net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders, and adjusted diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI
Management believes that providing these non-GAAP financial measures adds a meaningful presentation of our results from business operations excluding adjustments for goodwill impairmenta charge related to the settlement of a wage and hour class action lawsuit, charges other asset impairment chargesfor legacy environmental matters net of recoveries, restructuring charges and other exit-related activities, asset impairment charges net of recoveries, recoveries related to the resale or modification of previously contracted shipments, the non-cash write-off of debt issuance costs, and income tax expense (benefit) associated withallocated to these adjustments, items which are not related to underlying business operational performance, and improves the
44 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
period-to-period comparability of our results from business operations. Adjusted operating results in fiscal 2015 excluded the impact from the resale or modification of the terms, each at significantly lower prices due to sharp declinedeclines in selling prices, of certain previously contracted bulk shipments for delivery during fiscal 2015. Recoveries resulting from settlements with the original contract parties, which began in fiscal 2016 and concluded in fiscal 2018, are reported within SG&A expense in the Consolidated Statements of OperationsIncome and are also excluded from the measures.
The following is a reconciliation of adjusted consolidated operating income, (loss), adjusted AMR operating income, (loss), and adjusted CSS operating income (in thousands):
|
| Fiscal 2019 |
|
| Fiscal 2018 |
|
| Fiscal 2017 |
| |||
Consolidated operating income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As reported |
| $ | 83,865 |
|
| $ | 148,988 |
|
| $ | 56,013 |
|
Charge related to the settlement of a wage and hour class action lawsuit |
|
| 2,330 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Charges for legacy environmental matters, net(1) |
|
| 2,419 |
|
|
| 7,268 |
|
|
| 2,648 |
|
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities |
|
| 365 |
|
|
| (661 | ) |
|
| (109 | ) |
Asset impairment charges (recoveries), net |
|
| 63 |
|
|
| (1,021 | ) |
|
| (717 | ) |
Recoveries related to the resale or modification of previously contracted shipments |
|
| — |
|
|
| (417 | ) |
|
| (1,144 | ) |
Adjusted |
| $ | 89,042 |
|
| $ | 154,157 |
|
| $ | 56,691 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AMR operating income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As reported |
| $ | 95,991 |
|
| $ | 169,120 |
|
| $ | 91,405 |
|
Charges for legacy environmental matters, net(1) |
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,586 |
|
|
| 2,340 |
|
Asset impairment charges (recoveries), net |
|
| 63 |
|
|
| (933 | ) |
|
| (184 | ) |
Recoveries related to the resale or modification of previously contracted shipments |
|
| — |
|
|
| (417 | ) |
|
| (1,144 | ) |
Adjusted |
| $ | 96,054 |
|
| $ | 169,356 |
|
| $ | 92,417 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CSS operating income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As reported |
| $ | 31,951 |
|
| $ | 38,286 |
|
| $ | 5,275 |
|
Asset impairment charges (recoveries), net |
|
| — |
|
|
| (88 | ) |
|
| (533 | ) |
Adjusted |
| $ | 31,951 |
|
| $ | 38,198 |
|
| $ | 4,742 |
|
(1) | Legal and environmental charges for legacy environmental matters, net of recoveries. Fiscal years 2018 and 2017 have been recast for comparability. Legacy environmental matters include charges (net of recoveries) related to the Portland Harbor Superfund site and to other legacy environmental loss contingencies. See Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies, ‘Portland Harbor’ and ‘Other Legacy Environmental Loss Contingencies’ in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report. |
| Fiscal 2017 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | |||||||||
| Consolidated operating income (loss): | |||||||||||
| As reported | $ | 56,013 | $ | (7,842 | ) | $ | (195,529 | ) | |||
| Goodwill impairment charges | — | 8,845 | 141,021 | ||||||||
| Other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net | (717 | ) | 20,682 | 45,119 | |||||||
| Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities | (109 | ) | 6,781 | 13,008 | |||||||
| Resale or modification of previously contracted shipments, net of recoveries | (1,144 | ) | (694 | ) | 6,928 | ||||||
| Adjusted | $ | 54,043 | $ | 27,772 | $ | 10,547 | |||||
| AMR operating income (loss): | |||||||||||
| As reported | $ | 91,405 | $ | 23,168 | $ | (166,119 | ) | ||||
| Goodwill impairment charges | — | 8,845 | 141,021 | ||||||||
| Other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net | (184 | ) | 16,411 | 44,374 | |||||||
| Resale or modification of previously contracted shipments, net of recoveries | (1,144 | ) | (694 | ) | 6,928 | ||||||
| Adjusted | $ | 90,077 | $ | 47,730 | $ | 26,204 | |||||
| CSS operating income (loss): | |||||||||||
| As reported | $ | 5,275 | $ | 4,696 | $ | 20,535 | |||||
| Other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net | (533 | ) | 4,192 | — | |||||||
| Adjusted | $ | 4,742 | $ | 8,888 | $ | 20,535 | |||||
45 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
The following is a reconciliation of adjusted net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders and adjusted diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders (in thousands, except per share data):
|
| Fiscal 2019 |
|
| Fiscal 2018 |
|
| Fiscal 2017 |
| |||
Net income from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As reported |
| $ | 56,593 |
|
| $ | 156,105 |
|
| $ | 44,901 |
|
Charge related to the settlement of a wage and hour class action lawsuit |
|
| 2,330 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Charges for legacy environmental matters, net(1) |
|
| 2,419 |
|
|
| 7,268 |
|
|
| 2,648 |
|
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities |
|
| 365 |
|
|
| (661 | ) |
|
| (109 | ) |
Asset impairment charges (recoveries), net |
|
| 63 |
|
|
| (1,021 | ) |
|
| (717 | ) |
Recoveries related to the resale or modification of previously contracted shipments |
|
| — |
|
|
| (417 | ) |
|
| (1,144 | ) |
Income tax (benefit) expense allocated to adjustments(2) |
|
| (794 | ) |
|
| 34 |
|
|
| (25 | ) |
Adjusted |
| $ | 60,976 |
|
| $ | 161,308 |
|
| $ | 45,554 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As reported |
| $ | 2.01 |
|
| $ | 5.46 |
|
| $ | 1.60 |
|
Charge related to the settlement of a wage and hour class action lawsuit, per share |
|
| 0.08 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Charges for legacy environmental matters, net, per share(1) |
|
| 0.09 |
|
|
| 0.25 |
|
|
| 0.09 |
|
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities, per share |
|
| 0.01 |
|
|
| (0.02 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Asset impairment charges (recoveries), net, per share |
|
| — |
|
|
| (0.04 | ) |
|
| (0.03 | ) |
Recoveries related to the resale or modification of certain previously contracted shipments, per share |
|
| — |
|
|
| (0.01 | ) |
|
| (0.04 | ) |
Income tax (benefit) expense allocated to adjustments, per share(2) |
|
| (0.03 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Adjusted |
| $ | 2.16 |
|
| $ | 5.64 |
|
| $ | 1.62 |
|
| Fiscal 2017 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | |||||||||
| Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI: | |||||||||||
| As reported | $ | 44,901 | $ | (18,061 | ) | $ | (189,782 | ) | |||
| Goodwill impairment charges | — | 8,845 | 141,021 | ||||||||
| Other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net | (717 | ) | 20,682 | 45,119 | |||||||
| Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities | (109 | ) | 6,781 | 13,008 | |||||||
| Resale or modification of previously contracted shipments, net of recoveries | (1,144 | ) | (694 | ) | 6,928 | ||||||
| Non-cash write-off of debt issuance costs | — | 768 | — | ||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) allocated to adjustments(1) | — | 529 | (12,703 | ) | |||||||
| Adjusted | $ | 42,931 | $ | 18,850 | $ | 3,591 | |||||
| Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI: | |||||||||||
| As reported | $ | 1.60 | $ | (0.66 | ) | $ | (7.03 | ) | |||
| Goodwill impairment charges, per share | — | 0.32 | 5.22 | ||||||||
| Other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net, per share | (0.03 | ) | 0.76 | 1.67 | |||||||
| Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities, per share | — | 0.25 | 0.48 | ||||||||
| Resale or modification of certain previously contracted shipments, net of recoveries, per share | (0.04 | ) | (0.03 | ) | 0.26 | ||||||
| Non-cash write-off of debt issuance costs, per share | — | 0.03 | — | ||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) allocated to adjustments, per share(1) | — | 0.02 | (0.47 | ) | |||||||
| Adjusted | $ | 1.53 | $ | 0.69 | $ | 0.13 | |||||
(1) | Legal and environmental charges for legacy environmental matters, net of recoveries. Fiscal years 2018 and 2017 have been recast for comparability. Legacy environmental matters include charges (net of recoveries) related to the Portland Harbor Superfund site and to other legacy environmental loss contingencies. See Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies, ‘Portland Harbor’ and ‘Other Legacy Environmental Loss Contingencies’ in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report. |
(2) | The income tax allocated to the aggregate adjustments reconciling reported and adjusted net income |
We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures allow for a better understanding of our operating and financial performance. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute for, the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measures. Although we find these non-GAAP financial measures useful in evaluating the performance of our business, our reliance on these measures is limited because the adjustments often have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Therefore, we typically use these adjusted amounts in conjunction with our U.S. GAAP results to address these limitations.
46 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Commodity Price Risk
We are exposed to commodity price risk, mainly associated with variations in the market price for ferrous and nonferrous metals, including scrap metal, finished steel products, autobodiesauto bodies and other commodities. The timing and magnitude of industry cycles are difficult to predict and are impacted by general economic conditions. We respond to increases and decreases in forward selling prices by adjusting purchase prices. We actively manage our exposure to commodity price risk and monitor the actual and expected spread between forward selling prices and purchase costs and processing and shipping expense. Sales contracts are based on prices negotiated with our customers, and generally orders are placed 30 to 60 days ahead of shipment date. However, financial results may be negatively impacted when forward selling prices fall more quickly than we can adjust purchase prices or when customers fail to meet their contractual obligations. We assess the net realizable value of inventory (“NRV”) each quarter based upon contractedcommitted contracts and sales orders and estimated future selling prices. Based on contracted sales and estimates of future selling prices,For our uncommitted inventories, a 10% decrease in the selling price of inventory would not have had a material NRV impactimpact on any of our reportable segments as of August 31, 20172019 and 2016.
Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to market risk associated with changes in interest rates related to our debt obligations. Our revolving credit facility is subject to variable interest rates and therefore have exposure to changes in interest rates. If market interest rates had changed 10% from actual interest rate levels in fiscal 20172019 or 2016,2018, the effect on our interest expense and net income would not have been material.
Credit Risk
Credit risk relates to the risk of loss that might occur as a result of non-performance by counterparties of their contractual obligations to take delivery of scrap metal and finished steel products and to make financial settlements of these obligations, or to provide sufficient quantities of scrap metal or payment to settle advances, loans and other contractual receivables in connection with demolition and scrap extraction projects. We manage our exposure to credit risk through a variety of methods, including shipping ferrous scrap metal exports under letters of credit, collection of deposits prior to shipment for certain nonferrous export customers, establishment of credit limits for certain sales on open terms, credit insurance and designation of collateral and financial guarantees securing advances, loans and other contractual receivables.
Historically, we have shipped almost all of our large shipments of ferrous bulk salesscrap metal to foreign customers under contracts supported by letters of credit issued or confirmed by banks it deemsdeemed creditworthy. The letters of credit ensure payment by the customer. As we generally sell export recycled ferrous metal under contracts or orders that generally provide for shipment within 30 to 60 days after the price is agreed, our customers typically do not have difficulty obtaining letters of credit from their banks in periods of rising ferrous prices, as the value of the letters of credit are collateralized by the value of the inventory on the ship. However, in periods of significantly declining prices, our customers may not be able to obtain letters of credit for the full sales value of the inventory to be shipped.
As of August 31,
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk, mainly associated with sales transactions and related accounts receivable denominated in the U.S. Dollar by our Canadian subsidiary with a functional currency of the Canadian Dollar. In certain instances, we may use derivatives to manage some portion of this risk. As of August 31, 2017,2019 and 2018, we did not have any derivative contracts.
47 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s Board of Directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that relate to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of assets of the Company; provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that the receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorization of the Company’s management and directors; and provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projection of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods is subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate.
Management of the Company assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting using the criteria established in
Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway CommissionPricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report, also audited the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of
August 31,Tamara L. Lundgren | Richard D. Peach | |
President and Chief Executive Officer | Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief of Corporate Operations | |
October 24, | October 24, | |
48 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc.:
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of August 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended August 31, 2019 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index
Change in Accounting Principle
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for revenue from contracts with customers as of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). September 1, 2018.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on thesethe Company’s consolidated financial statements on the financial statement schedule, and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supportingregarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessingstatements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, andas well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statement presentation.statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
49 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Volume of Ferrous Metal Inventory
As described in Notes 2 and 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s processed and unprocessed scrap metal inventory was $81.3 million as of August 31, 2019, which includes processed and unprocessed ferrous metal inventory, among other types of inventory. The accounting process the Company uses to record ferrous scrap metal quantities relies on significant estimates. With respect to estimating the quantities of unprocessed ferrous scrap metal inventory that are moved into production, management relies on weighed quantities of the processed ferrous material, adjusted for estimated metal recoveries and yields that are based on historical trends and other judgments by management. Actual recoveries and yields can vary depending on product quality, moisture content and the source of the unprocessed metal. The Company’s estimates are intended to reasonably reflect the quantities of unprocessed ferrous scrap metal that are used in the production of processed ferrous metal. To assist in validating the reasonableness of these estimates, management periodically reviews shrink factors and performs monthly physical inventories. Due to the inherent nature of the Company’s scrap metal inventories, including variations in product density, holding period and production processes utilized to manufacture the products, physical inventories will not necessarily detect all variances for scrap metal inventory such that estimates of quantities are required. To mitigate this risk, the Company further adjusts its ferrous physical inventories when the volume of a commodity is low and a physical inventory count is deemed to more accurately estimate the remaining volume.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the volume of ferrous metal inventory is a critical audit matter are there was significant judgment by management in the estimation of metal recoveries and yields specific to ferrous metal inventory volumes, which, in turn, resulted in significant audit effort and a high degree of subjectivity in performing our audit procedures and in evaluating audit evidence related to estimates made by management.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the estimation of metal recoveries and yields specific to ferrous metal inventory volumes. These procedures also included, among others, testing inventory quantities received, assessing the reasonableness of management’s estimated yields by comparing them to actual yields of ultimate inventory recoveries, testing ferrous metal inventory shipments including the volume ultimately recovered, observing management’s physical inventory counts, and assessing rollforward activity between the time of the inventory counts and year-end. We also considered whether evidence obtained in other areas of the audit is consistent with management’s estimates related to ferrous metal inventory volumes.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Portland, Oregon
October 24, 2017
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1976, which includes periods before the Company became subject to SEC reporting requirements.
50 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)
|
| August 31, |
| ||||||
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
| |||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cash and cash equivalents |
| $ | 12,377 |
|
| $ | 4,723 |
| |
Accounts receivable, net |
|
| 145,617 |
|
|
| 169,418 |
| |
Inventories |
|
| 187,320 |
|
|
| 205,877 |
| |
Refundable income taxes |
|
| 5,867 |
|
|
| 4,668 |
| |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
| 115,107 |
|
|
| 63,673 |
| |
Total current assets |
|
| 466,288 |
|
|
| 448,359 |
| |
Property, plant and equipment, net |
|
| 456,400 |
|
|
| 415,711 |
| |
Investments in joint ventures |
|
| 10,276 |
|
|
| 11,532 |
| |
Goodwill |
|
| 169,237 |
|
|
| 168,065 |
| |
Intangibles, net |
|
| 4,482 |
|
|
| 4,358 |
| |
Deferred income taxes |
|
| 28,850 |
|
|
| 30,333 |
| |
Other assets |
|
| 25,213 |
|
|
| 26,459 |
| |
Total assets |
| $ | 1,160,746 |
|
| $ | 1,104,817 |
| |
Liabilities and Equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Short-term borrowings |
| $ | 1,321 |
|
| $ | 1,139 |
| |
Accounts payable |
|
| 110,297 |
|
|
| 128,495 |
| |
Accrued payroll and related liabilities |
|
| 27,547 |
|
|
| 46,410 |
| |
Environmental liabilities |
|
| 6,030 |
|
|
| 6,682 |
| |
Other accrued liabilities |
|
| 123,035 |
|
|
| 71,951 |
| |
Total current liabilities |
|
| 268,230 |
|
|
| 254,677 |
| |
Deferred income taxes |
|
| 25,466 |
|
|
| 11,742 |
| |
Long-term debt, net of current maturities |
|
| 103,775 |
|
|
| 106,237 |
| |
Environmental liabilities, net of current portion |
|
| 45,769 |
|
|
| 47,150 |
| |
Other long-term liabilities |
|
| 16,210 |
|
|
| 14,901 |
| |
Total liabilities |
|
| 459,450 |
|
|
| 434,707 |
| |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. (“SSI”) shareholders’ equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Preferred stock – 20,000 shares $1.00 par value authorized, NaN issued |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
| |
Class A common stock – 75,000 shares $1.00 par value authorized, 26,464 and 26,502 shares issued and outstanding |
|
| 26,464 |
|
|
| 26,502 |
| |
Class B common stock – 25,000 shares $1.00 par value authorized, 200 and 200 shares issued and outstanding |
|
| 200 |
|
|
| 200 |
| |
Additional paid-in capital |
|
| 33,700 |
|
|
| 36,929 |
| |
Retained earnings |
|
| 675,363 |
|
|
| 639,684 |
| |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
| (38,763 | ) |
|
| (37,237 | ) | |
Total SSI shareholders’ equity |
|
| 696,964 |
|
|
| 666,078 |
| |
Noncontrolling interests |
|
| 4,332 |
|
|
| 4,032 |
| |
Total equity |
|
| 701,296 |
|
|
| 670,110 |
| |
Total liabilities and equity |
| $ | 1,160,746 |
|
| $ | 1,104,817 |
| |
| August 31, | |||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | ||||||
| Assets | |||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7,287 | $ | 26,819 | |||
| Accounts receivable, net | 138,998 | 113,952 | |||||
| Inventories | 166,942 | 132,972 | |||||
| Refundable income taxes | 2,366 | 1,254 | |||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 22,357 | 24,809 | |||||
| Total current assets | 337,950 | 299,806 | |||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | 390,629 | 392,820 | |||||
| Investments in joint ventures | 11,204 | 13,616 | |||||
| Goodwill | 167,835 | 166,847 | |||||
| Intangibles, net | 4,424 | 4,931 | |||||
| Other assets | 21,713 | 13,409 | |||||
| Total assets | $ | 933,755 | $ | 891,429 | |||
| Liabilities and Equity | |||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||
| Short-term borrowings | $ | 721 | $ | 8,374 | |||
| Accounts payable | 94,674 | 58,439 | |||||
| Accrued payroll and related liabilities | 41,593 | 29,116 | |||||
| Environmental liabilities | 2,007 | 1,967 | |||||
| Accrued income taxes | 9 | — | |||||
| Other accrued liabilities | 37,256 | 35,758 | |||||
| Total current liabilities | 176,260 | 133,654 | |||||
| Deferred income taxes | 19,147 | 16,682 | |||||
| Long-term debt, net of current maturities | 144,403 | 184,144 | |||||
| Environmental liabilities, net of current portion | 46,391 | 44,383 | |||||
| Other long-term liabilities | 10,061 | 11,134 | |||||
| Total liabilities | 396,262 | 389,997 | |||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) | |||||||
| Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. (“SSI”) shareholders’ equity: | |||||||
| Preferred stock – 20,000 shares $1.00 par value authorized, none issued | — | — | |||||
| Class A common stock – 75,000 shares $1.00 par value authorized, | |||||||
| 26,859 and 26,482 shares issued and outstanding | 26,859 | 26,482 | |||||
| Class B common stock – 25,000 shares $1.00 par value authorized, | |||||||
| 200 and 306 shares issued and outstanding | 200 | 306 | |||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 38,050 | 30,948 | |||||
| Retained earnings | 503,770 | 480,100 | |||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (35,293 | ) | (40,115 | ) | |||
| Total SSI shareholders’ equity | 533,586 | 497,721 | |||||
| Noncontrolling interests | 3,907 | 3,711 | |||||
| Total equity | 537,493 | 501,432 | |||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 933,755 | $ | 891,429 | |||
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(inIn thousands, except per share amounts)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)
|
| Year Ended August 31, |
| |||||||||
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| |||
Revenues |
| $ | 2,132,781 |
|
| $ | 2,364,715 |
|
| $ | 1,687,591 |
|
Operating expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of goods sold |
|
| 1,858,535 |
|
|
| 2,010,485 |
|
|
| 1,464,508 |
|
Selling, general and administrative |
|
| 191,405 |
|
|
| 208,877 |
|
|
| 171,570 |
|
(Income) from joint ventures |
|
| (1,452 | ) |
|
| (1,953 | ) |
|
| (3,674 | ) |
Asset impairment charges (recoveries), net |
|
| 63 |
|
|
| (1,021 | ) |
|
| (717 | ) |
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities |
|
| 365 |
|
|
| (661 | ) |
|
| (109 | ) |
Operating income |
|
| 83,865 |
|
|
| 148,988 |
|
|
| 56,013 |
|
Interest expense |
|
| (8,266 | ) |
|
| (8,983 | ) |
|
| (8,081 | ) |
Other income, net |
|
| 641 |
|
|
| 1,848 |
|
|
| 758 |
|
Income from continuing operations before income taxes |
|
| 76,240 |
|
|
| 141,853 |
|
|
| 48,690 |
|
Income tax (expense) benefit |
|
| (17,670 | ) |
|
| 17,590 |
|
|
| (1,322 | ) |
Income from continuing operations |
|
| 58,570 |
|
|
| 159,443 |
|
|
| 47,368 |
|
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax |
|
| (248 | ) |
|
| 346 |
|
|
| (390 | ) |
Net income |
|
| 58,322 |
|
|
| 159,789 |
|
|
| 46,978 |
|
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
| (1,977 | ) |
|
| (3,338 | ) |
|
| (2,467 | ) |
Net income attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 56,345 |
|
| $ | 156,451 |
|
| $ | 44,511 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per share attributable to SSI shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income per share from continuing operations |
| $ | 2.06 |
|
| $ | 5.65 |
|
| $ | 1.63 |
|
(Loss) income per share from discontinued operations |
|
| (0.01 | ) |
|
| 0.01 |
|
|
| (0.01 | ) |
Net income per share |
| $ | 2.05 |
|
| $ | 5.66 |
|
| $ | 1.62 |
|
Diluted: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income per share from continuing operations |
| $ | 2.01 |
|
| $ | 5.46 |
|
| $ | 1.60 |
|
(Loss) income per share from discontinued operations |
|
| (0.01 | ) |
|
| 0.01 |
|
|
| (0.01 | ) |
Net income per share(1) |
| $ | 2.00 |
|
| $ | 5.47 |
|
| $ | 1.58 |
|
Weighted average number of common shares: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
| 27,527 |
|
|
| 27,645 |
|
|
| 27,537 |
|
Diluted |
|
| 28,222 |
|
|
| 28,589 |
|
|
| 28,141 |
|
| Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,687,591 | $ | 1,352,543 | $ | 1,915,399 | |||||
| Operating expense: | |||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | 1,464,508 | 1,175,988 | 1,742,678 | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 171,570 | 148,908 | 170,592 | ||||||||
| (Income) from joint ventures | (3,674 | ) | (819 | ) | (1,490 | ) | |||||
| Goodwill impairment charges | — | 8,845 | 141,021 | ||||||||
| Other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net | (717 | ) | 20,682 | 45,119 | |||||||
| Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities | (109 | ) | 6,781 | 13,008 | |||||||
| Operating income (loss) | 56,013 | (7,842 | ) | (195,529 | ) | ||||||
| Interest expense | (8,081 | ) | (8,889 | ) | (9,191 | ) | |||||
| Other income, net | 758 | 1,226 | 4,256 | ||||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | 48,690 | (15,505 | ) | (200,464 | ) | ||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | (1,322 | ) | (735 | ) | 12,615 | ||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations | 47,368 | (16,240 | ) | (187,849 | ) | ||||||
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | (390 | ) | (1,348 | ) | (7,227 | ) | |||||
| Net income (loss) | 46,978 | (17,588 | ) | (195,076 | ) | ||||||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | (2,467 | ) | (1,821 | ) | (1,933 | ) | |||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to SSI | $ | 44,511 | $ | (19,409 | ) | $ | (197,009 | ) | |||
| Net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI: | |||||||||||
| Basic: | |||||||||||
| Income (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI | $ | 1.63 | $ | (0.66 | ) | $ | (7.03 | ) | |||
| Loss per share from discontinued operations attributable to SSI | (0.01 | ) | (0.05 | ) | (0.27 | ) | |||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI(1) | $ | 1.62 | $ | (0.71 | ) | $ | (7.29 | ) | |||
| Diluted: | |||||||||||
| Income (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI | $ | 1.60 | $ | (0.66 | ) | $ | (7.03 | ) | |||
| Loss per share from discontinued operations attributable to SSI | (0.01 | ) | (0.05 | ) | (0.27 | ) | |||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI(1) | $ | 1.58 | $ | (0.71 | ) | $ | (7.29 | ) | |||
| Weighted average number of common shares: | |||||||||||
| Basic | 27,537 | 27,229 | 27,010 | ||||||||
| Diluted | 28,141 | 27,229 | 27,010 | ||||||||
| Dividends declared per common share | $ | 0.750 | $ | 0.750 | $ | 0.750 | |||||
(1) | |
May not foot due to rounding. |
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(In thousands)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)
|
| Year Ended August 31, |
| |||||||||
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| |||
Net income |
| $ | 58,322 |
|
| $ | 159,789 |
|
| $ | 46,978 |
|
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
|
| (1,560 | ) |
|
| (2,301 | ) |
|
| 2,711 |
|
Pension obligations, net |
|
| 34 |
|
|
| 357 |
|
|
| 2,111 |
|
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax |
|
| (1,526 | ) |
|
| (1,944 | ) |
|
| 4,822 |
|
Comprehensive income |
|
| 56,796 |
|
|
| 157,845 |
|
|
| 51,800 |
|
Less comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
| (1,977 | ) |
|
| (3,338 | ) |
|
| (2,467 | ) |
Comprehensive income attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 54,819 |
|
| $ | 154,507 |
|
| $ | 49,333 |
|
| Year Ended August 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 46,978 | $ | (17,588 | ) | $ | (195,076 | ) | ||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | ||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | 2,711 | (530 | ) | (23,346 | ) | |||||||
| Cash flow hedges, net | — | 240 | (298 | ) | ||||||||
| Pension obligations, net | 2,111 | (1,303 | ) | (2,237 | ) | |||||||
| Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | 4,822 | (1,593 | ) | (25,881 | ) | |||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | 51,800 | (19,181 | ) | (220,957 | ) | |||||||
| Less comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests | (2,467 | ) | (1,821 | ) | (1,933 | ) | ||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to SSI | $ | 49,333 | $ | (21,002 | ) | $ | (222,890 | ) | ||||
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
| Common Stock |
|
| Additional |
|
|
|
|
|
| Other |
|
| Total SSI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||
|
| Class A |
|
| Class B |
|
| Paid-in |
|
| Retained |
|
| Comprehensive |
|
| Shareholders’ |
|
| Noncontrolling |
|
| Total |
| ||||||||||||||||
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Capital |
|
| Earnings |
|
| Loss |
|
| Equity |
|
| Interests |
|
| Equity |
| ||||||||||
Balance as of September 1, 2016 |
|
| 26,482 |
|
| $ | 26,482 |
|
|
| 306 |
|
| $ | 306 |
|
| $ | 30,948 |
|
| $ | 480,100 |
|
| $ | (40,115 | ) |
| $ | 497,721 |
|
| $ | 3,711 |
|
| $ | 501,432 |
|
Net income |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 44,511 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 44,511 |
|
|
| 2,467 |
|
|
| 46,978 |
|
Other comprehensive income, net of tax |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,822 |
|
|
| 4,822 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,822 |
|
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (2,271 | ) |
|
| (2,271 | ) |
Conversion of common stock |
|
| 106 |
|
|
| 106 |
|
|
| (106 | ) |
|
| (106 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Restricted stock withheld for taxes |
|
| (148 | ) |
|
| (148 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (3,326 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (3,474 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (3,474 | ) |
Issuance of restricted stock |
|
| 419 |
|
|
| 419 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (419 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Share-based compensation expense |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 10,847 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 10,847 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 10,847 |
|
Dividends ($0.75 per common share) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (20,841 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (20,841 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (20,841 | ) |
Balance as of August 31, 2017 |
|
| 26,859 |
|
|
| 26,859 |
|
|
| 200 |
|
|
| 200 |
|
|
| 38,050 |
|
|
| 503,770 |
|
|
| (35,293 | ) |
|
| 533,586 |
|
|
| 3,907 |
|
|
| 537,493 |
|
Net income |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 156,451 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 156,451 |
|
|
| 3,338 |
|
|
| 159,789 |
|
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,944 | ) |
|
| (1,944 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,944 | ) |
Reclassification of stranded tax effects of the Tax Act |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 517 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 517 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 517 |
|
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (2,796 | ) |
|
| (2,796 | ) |
Purchase of noncontrolling interest |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (183 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (183 | ) |
|
| (417 | ) |
|
| (600 | ) |
Share repurchases |
|
| (516 | ) |
|
| (516 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (16,845 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (17,361 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (17,361 | ) |
Restricted stock withheld for taxes |
|
| (103 | ) |
|
| (103 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (2,979 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (3,082 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (3,082 | ) |
Issuance of restricted stock |
|
| 262 |
|
|
| 262 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (262 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Share-based compensation expense |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 18,965 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 18,965 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 18,965 |
|
Dividends ($0.75 per common share) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (20,871 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (20,871 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (20,871 | ) |
Balance as of August 31, 2018 |
|
| 26,502 |
|
|
| 26,502 |
|
|
| 200 |
|
|
| 200 |
|
|
| 36,929 |
|
|
| 639,684 |
|
|
| (37,237 | ) |
|
| 666,078 |
|
|
| 4,032 |
|
|
| 670,110 |
|
Net income |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 56,345 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 56,345 |
|
|
| 1,977 |
|
|
| 58,322 |
|
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,526 | ) |
|
| (1,526 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,526 | ) |
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,677 | ) |
|
| (1,677 | ) |
Share repurchases |
|
| (527 | ) |
|
| (527 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (12,556 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (13,083 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (13,083 | ) |
Restricted stock withheld for taxes |
|
| (278 | ) |
|
| (278 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (7,206 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (7,484 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (7,484 | ) |
Issuance of restricted stock |
|
| 767 |
|
|
| 767 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (767 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Share-based compensation expense |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 17,300 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 17,300 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 17,300 |
|
Dividends ($0.75 per common share) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (20,666 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (20,666 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (20,666 | ) |
Balance as of August 31, 2019 |
|
| 26,464 |
|
| $ | 26,464 |
|
|
| 200 |
|
| $ | 200 |
|
| $ | 33,700 |
|
| $ | 675,363 |
|
| $ | (38,763 | ) |
| $ | 696,964 |
|
| $ | 4,332 |
|
| $ | 701,296 |
|
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Total SSI Shareholders’ Equity | Noncontrolling Interests | Total Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A | Class B | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of August 31, 2014 | 26,384 | $ | 26,384 | 306 | $ | 306 | $ | 19,164 | $ | 737,571 | $ | (12,641 | ) | $ | 770,784 | $ | 5,193 | $ | 775,977 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | — | — | — | — | — | (197,009 | ) | — | (197,009 | ) | 1,933 | (195,076 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | (25,881 | ) | (25,881 | ) | — | (25,881 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (3,110 | ) | (3,110 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share repurchases | (68 | ) | (68 | ) | — | — | (1,279 | ) | — | — | (1,347 | ) | — | (1,347 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock withheld for taxes | (92 | ) | (92 | ) | — | — | (1,905 | ) | — | — | (1,997 | ) | — | (1,997 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of restricted stock | 250 | 250 | — | — | (250 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | 10,481 | — | — | 10,481 | — | 10,481 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends | — | — | — | — | — | (20,496 | ) | — | (20,496 | ) | — | (20,496 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of August 31, 2015 | 26,474 | 26,474 | 306 | 306 | 26,211 | 520,066 | (38,522 | ) | 534,535 | 4,016 | 538,551 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | — | — | — | — | — | (19,409 | ) | — | (19,409 | ) | 1,821 | (17,588 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | (1,593 | ) | (1,593 | ) | — | (1,593 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (2,126 | ) | (2,126 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share repurchases | (203 | ) | (203 | ) | — | — | (3,276 | ) | — | — | (3,479 | ) | — | (3,479 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock withheld for taxes | (132 | ) | (132 | ) | — | — | (2,081 | ) | — | — | (2,213 | ) | — | (2,213 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of restricted stock | 343 | 343 | — | — | (343 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | 10,437 | — | — | 10,437 | — | 10,437 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends | — | — | — | — | — | (20,557 | ) | — | (20,557 | ) | — | (20,557 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of August 31, 2016 | 26,482 | 26,482 | 306 | 306 | 30,948 | 480,100 | (40,115 | ) | 497,721 | 3,711 | 501,432 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | — | 44,511 | — | 44,511 | 2,467 | 46,978 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4,822 | 4,822 | — | 4,822 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (2,271 | ) | (2,271 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of common stock | 106 | 106 | (106 | ) | (106 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock withheld for taxes | (148 | ) | (148 | ) | — | — | (3,326 | ) | — | — | (3,474 | ) | — | (3,474 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of restricted stock | 419 | 419 | — | — | (419 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | 10,847 | — | — | 10,847 | — | 10,847 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends | — | — | — | — | — | (20,841 | ) | — | (20,841 | ) | — | (20,841 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of August 31, 2017 | 26,859 | $ | 26,859 | 200 | $ | 200 | $ | 38,050 | $ | 503,770 | $ | (35,293 | ) | $ | 533,586 | $ | 3,907 | $ | 537,493 | ||||||||||||||||||
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)
|
| Year Ended August 31, |
| |||||||||
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| |||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
| $ | 58,322 |
|
| $ | 159,789 |
|
| $ | 46,978 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset impairment charges (recoveries), net |
|
| 63 |
|
|
| (1,021 | ) |
|
| (717 | ) |
Exit-related (gains), asset impairments and accelerated depreciation, net |
|
| 23 |
|
|
| (1,000 | ) |
|
| (407 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
| 53,336 |
|
|
| 49,672 |
|
|
| 49,840 |
|
Inventory write-downs |
|
| 775 |
|
|
| 38 |
|
|
| — |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
| 14,613 |
|
|
| (37,995 | ) |
|
| 2,278 |
|
Undistributed equity in earnings of joint ventures |
|
| (1,452 | ) |
|
| (1,953 | ) |
|
| (3,674 | ) |
Share-based compensation expense |
|
| 17,300 |
|
|
| 18,965 |
|
|
| 10,847 |
|
(Gain) loss on the disposal of assets, net |
|
| (1,545 | ) |
|
| 56 |
|
|
| 448 |
|
Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain), net |
|
| 148 |
|
|
| (104 | ) |
|
| 361 |
|
Bad debt expense, net |
|
| 74 |
|
|
| 323 |
|
|
| 126 |
|
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
| 9,478 |
|
|
| (44,941 | ) |
|
| (36,195 | ) |
Inventories |
|
| 33,466 |
|
|
| (24,280 | ) |
|
| (22,207 | ) |
Income taxes |
|
| (1,158 | ) |
|
| (1,755 | ) |
|
| (1,086 | ) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
| (859 | ) |
|
| (109 | ) |
|
| (1,704 | ) |
Other long-term assets |
|
| 1,167 |
|
|
| (1,620 | ) |
|
| 537 |
|
Accounts payable |
|
| (17,068 | ) |
|
| 26,049 |
|
|
| 33,062 |
|
Accrued payroll and related liabilities |
|
| (19,117 | ) |
|
| 4,889 |
|
|
| 12,389 |
|
Other accrued liabilities |
|
| (3,560 | ) |
|
| 6,066 |
|
|
| 5,073 |
|
Environmental liabilities |
|
| (2,476 | ) |
|
| 3,053 |
|
|
| 1,884 |
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
| 518 |
|
|
| 4,404 |
|
|
| (1,101 | ) |
Distributed equity in earnings of joint ventures |
|
| 2,692 |
|
|
| 1,150 |
|
|
| 3,638 |
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
| 144,740 |
|
|
| 159,676 |
|
|
| 100,370 |
|
Cash flows from investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital expenditures |
|
| (94,613 | ) |
|
| (77,626 | ) |
|
| (44,940 | ) |
Purchase of cost method investment |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,017 | ) |
Acquisitions |
|
| (1,553 | ) |
|
| (2,300 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Joint venture receipts, net |
|
| 641 |
|
|
| 11 |
|
|
| 405 |
|
Proceeds from sale of assets |
|
| 4,070 |
|
|
| 6,517 |
|
|
| 5,158 |
|
Deposit on land option |
|
| 1,890 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
| (89,565 | ) |
|
| (73,398 | ) |
|
| (45,394 | ) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Borrowings from long-term debt |
|
| 431,048 |
|
|
| 515,480 |
|
|
| 433,336 |
|
Repayment of long-term debt |
|
| (435,353 | ) |
|
| (556,456 | ) |
|
| (481,757 | ) |
Payment of debt issuance costs |
|
| (102 | ) |
|
| (2,590 | ) |
|
| (112 | ) |
Repurchase of Class A common stock |
|
| (13,083 | ) |
|
| (17,361 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of share-based payment awards |
|
| (7,484 | ) |
|
| (3,082 | ) |
|
| (3,474 | ) |
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
|
| (1,677 | ) |
|
| (2,796 | ) |
|
| (2,271 | ) |
Purchase of noncontrolling interest |
|
| — |
|
|
| (600 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Dividends paid |
|
| (20,615 | ) |
|
| (20,736 | ) |
|
| (20,396 | ) |
Net cash used in financing activities |
|
| (47,266 | ) |
|
| (88,141 | ) |
|
| (74,674 | ) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash |
|
| (255 | ) |
|
| (701 | ) |
|
| 166 |
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
|
| 7,654 |
|
|
| (2,564 | ) |
|
| (19,532 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents as of beginning of year |
|
| 4,723 |
|
|
| 7,287 |
|
|
| 26,819 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents as of end of year |
| $ | 12,377 |
|
| $ | 4,723 |
|
| $ | 7,287 |
|
| Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 46,978 | $ | (17,588 | ) | $ | (195,076 | ) | |||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Goodwill impairment charges | — | 8,845 | 141,021 | ||||||||
| Other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net | (717 | ) | 20,682 | 45,119 | |||||||
| Exit-related (gains), asset impairments and accelerated depreciation, net | (407 | ) | 1,790 | 6,502 | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 49,840 | 54,630 | 67,936 | ||||||||
| Inventory write-downs | — | 710 | 3,031 | ||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 2,278 | 507 | (1,988 | ) | |||||||
| Undistributed equity in earnings of joint ventures | (3,674 | ) | (819 | ) | (1,490 | ) | |||||
| Share-based compensation expense | 10,847 | 10,437 | 10,481 | ||||||||
| Loss (gain) on the disposal of assets | 448 | (465 | ) | (2,875 | ) | ||||||
| Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss, net | 361 | (109 | ) | (1,909 | ) | ||||||
| Bad debt expense (recoveries), net | 126 | 131 | (264 | ) | |||||||
| Write-off of debt issuance costs | — | 768 | — | ||||||||
| Excess tax benefit from share-based payment arrangements | — | — | (343 | ) | |||||||
| Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | (36,195 | ) | (10,693 | ) | 55,600 | ||||||
| Inventories | (22,207 | ) | 27,504 | 69,256 | |||||||
| Income taxes | (1,086 | ) | 5,861 | (5,846 | ) | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (1,704 | ) | (1,864 | ) | 2,403 | ||||||
| Other long-term assets | 537 | 266 | 1,064 | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | 33,062 | (763 | ) | (35,638 | ) | ||||||
| Accrued payroll and related liabilities | 12,389 | 3,633 | (6,330 | ) | |||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | 5,073 | (4,362 | ) | (2,710 | ) | ||||||
| Environmental liabilities | 1,884 | (451 | ) | (702 | ) | ||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | (1,101 | ) | 30 | (3,384 | ) | ||||||
| Distributed equity in earnings of joint ventures | 3,638 | 560 | 770 | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 100,370 | 99,240 | 144,628 | ||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | (44,940 | ) | (34,571 | ) | (32,297 | ) | |||||
| Purchase of cost method investment | (6,017 | ) | — | — | |||||||
| Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | — | — | (150 | ) | |||||||
| Joint venture receipts (payments), net | 405 | (11 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds from sale of assets | 5,158 | 4,106 | 4,270 | ||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (45,394 | ) | (30,476 | ) | (28,178 | ) | |||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Borrowings from long-term debt | 433,336 | 152,311 | 140,536 | ||||||||
| Repayment of long-term debt | (481,757 | ) | (187,951 | ) | (231,103 | ) | |||||
| Proceeds from line of credit | — | 135,500 | 266,500 | ||||||||
| Repayment of line of credit | — | (135,500 | ) | (266,500 | ) | ||||||
| Payment of debt issuance costs | (112 | ) | (1,011 | ) | (978 | ) | |||||
| Repurchase of Class A common stock | — | (3,479 | ) | (1,347 | ) | ||||||
| Taxes paid related to net share settlement of share-based payment arrangements | (3,474 | ) | (2,213 | ) | (1,997 | ) | |||||
| Excess tax benefit from share-based payment arrangements | — | — | 343 | ||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | (2,271 | ) | (2,126 | ) | (3,110 | ) | |||||
| Contingent consideration paid relating to business acquisitions | — | — | (759 | ) | |||||||
| Dividends paid | (20,396 | ) | (20,444 | ) | (20,336 | ) | |||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | (74,674 | ) | (64,913 | ) | (118,751 | ) | |||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | 166 | 213 | (616 | ) | |||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (19,532 | ) | 4,064 | (2,917 | ) | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents as of beginning of year | 26,819 | 22,755 | 25,672 | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents as of end of year | $ | 7,287 | $ | 26,819 | $ | 22,755 | |||||
| Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES: | |||||||||||
| Cash paid (received) during the year for: | |||||||||||
| Interest | $ | 7,016 | $ | 6,077 | $ | 7,138 | |||||
| Income taxes paid (refunds received), net | $ | 148 | $ | (5,691 | ) | $ | (1,866 | ) | |||
| Schedule of noncash investing and financing transactions: | |||||||||||
| Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in current liabilities | $ | 11,082 | $ | 8,268 | $ | 6,086 | |||||
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
55 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K
|
| Year Ended August 31, |
| |||||||||
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| |||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid during the year for: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest |
| $ | 6,191 |
|
| $ | 8,113 |
|
| $ | 7,016 |
|
Income taxes, net |
| $ | 3,527 |
|
| $ | 17,203 |
|
| $ | 148 |
|
Schedule of noncash investing and financing transactions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in current liabilities |
| $ | 17,191 |
|
| $ | 18,768 |
|
| $ | 11,082 |
|
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
56 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Note 1
– Nature of OperationsFounded in 1906, Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. (the “Company”), an Oregon corporation, is one of North America’s largest recyclers of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal, including end-of-life vehicles, and a manufacturer of finished steel products.
The Company’s internal organizational and reporting structure supported twoincludes 2 operating and reportable segments: the Auto and Metals Recycling ("AMR"(“AMR”) business and the Steel Manufacturing Business ("SMB"). In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, in accordance with its plan announced in June 2017, the Company modified its internal organizational and reporting structure to combine its steel manufacturing operations, which had been reported as the SMB segment, with its Oregon metals recycling operations, which had been reported within the AMR segment, forming a new division named Cascade Steel and Scrap ("CSS"(“CSS”). This resulted in a realignment of how the Chief Executive Officer, who is considered the Company's chief operating decision maker, reviews performance business.
AMR acquires and makes decisions on resource allocation. The Company began reporting on this new segment structure in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 as reflected in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The segment data for the comparable periods presented has been recast to conform to the current period presentation for all activities of the reorganized segments. Recasting this historical information did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial performance for any of the periods presented.
CSS operates a steel mini-mill that produces a range of finished steel long products using ferrous recycled scrap metal and other raw materials. CSS'sCSS’s steel mill obtains substantially all of its scrap metal raw material requirements from its integrated metals recycling and joint venture operations.
As of August 31, 2017,2019, all of the Company’s facilities were located in the United States ("(“U.S."”) and its territories and Canada.
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the CompanySchnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. and its majority-owned and wholly-owned subsidiaries. The equity method of accounting is used for investments in joint ventures over which the Company has significant influence but does not have effective control. The cost method of accounting is used for investments in entities over which the Company is not able to exercise significant influence. All significant intercompany account balances, transactions, profits and losses have been eliminated. All transactions and relationships with potential variable interest entities are evaluated to determine whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of the entities, therefore requiring consolidation. The Company does not have any variable interest entities requiring consolidation.
Accounting Changes
As of the beginning of the first quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company adopted an accounting standards update initially issued in May 2014 that clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The Company adopted the new revenue accounting standard using the modified retrospective approach, which requires recognition of the cumulative effect of initially applying the new requirements as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of initial application. Adoption of the new requirements did not change the timing of revenue recognition for the Company compared to the previous guidance, and the Company recorded 0 cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of September 1, 2018. The Company identified certain scrap purchase and sale arrangements for which it recognized revenue for the gross amount of consideration it expected to be entitled to from the customer (as principal) under the previous revenue guidance, but for which under the new revenue standard it recognizes revenue as the net amount of consideration that it expects to retain after paying the scrap metal supplier (as agent). The foregoing change in the classification of the cost of scrap metal purchased under such arrangements has the effect of reducing the amount of revenue and cost of goods sold reported in the financial statements, while having no impact on net income. If the Company had continued using the accounting guidance in effect before the adoption of the new revenue accounting standard, its consolidated revenues for fiscal 2019 would have been higher by approximately $28 million, or 1%, and its consolidated cost of goods sold would have been higher by the same amount. No other line items in the consolidated financial statements were materially impacted by adoption of the new requirements. Comparative prior period amounts and disclosures continue to be reported in accordance with guidance in effect prior to the date of adoption. See Note 10 - Revenue for the disclosures required under the new standard.
57 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
As of the beginning of the first quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company adopted an accounting standards update that amends certain aspects of the reporting model for financial instruments. The most pertinent amendment to the Company is that an entity may choose to measure certain equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes. The amendments also require a qualitative assessment to identify impairment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values. Adoption of the requirements had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Discontinued Operations
The results of discontinued operations are presented separately, net of tax, from the results of ongoing operations for all periods presented. The disposed components reflected in the results of discontinued operations during the periods presented consist of 6 auto parts stores for which the Company ceased operations in fiscal 2015. The expenses included in the results of discontinued operations are the direct operating expenses incurred by the disposed components that may be reasonably segregated from the costs of the ongoing operations of the Company. Asset impairments related to the disposed components are also included in the results of discontinued operations. See Note 8 - Discontinued Operations and the Asset Impairment Charges (Recoveries), net section of this Note for further detail.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include short-term securities that are not restricted by third parties and have an original maturity date of 90 days or less. Included in accounts payable are book overdrafts representing outstanding checks in excess of funds on deposit of $21$27 million and $3$28 million as of
Accounts Receivable, net
Accounts receivable represent amounts primarily due from customers on product and other sales. These accounts receivable, which are reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts, are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company extends credit to customers under contracts containing customary and explicit payment terms, and payment is generally required within 30 to 60 days of shipment. Nonferrous export sales typically require a deposit prior to shipment. Historically, almost all of the Company’s ferrous export sales have been made with letters of credit. Domestic ferrous metal sales, nonferrous metal sales and finished steel sales are generally made on open account, and the majority of these sales are covered by credit insurance.
The Company evaluates the collectabilitycollectibility of its accounts receivable based on a combination of factors, including whether sales were made pursuant to letters of credit or credit insurance is in place. In cases where management is aware of circumstances that may impair a customer’s ability to meet its financial obligations, management records a specific allowance against amounts due and reduces the receivable to the amount the Company believes will be collected. For all other customers, the Company maintains an allowance that considers the total receivables outstanding, historical collection rates and economic trends. Accounts are written off when all efforts to collect have been exhausted. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $2 million and $3 million as of August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Also included in accounts receivable are short-term advances to scrap metal suppliers used as a mechanism to acquire unprocessed scrap metal. The advances are generally repaid with scrap metal, as opposed to cash. Repayments of advances with scrap metal are treated as noncash operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and totaled $15 million, $15 million and $12 million for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, and 2016.respectively.
58 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Inventories
The Company’s inventories consist of processed and unprocessed scrap metal (ferrous, nonferrous, and mixed nonferrous recovered joint productproducts arising from the manufacturing process), semi-finished steel products (billets), finished steel products (primarily rebar, wire rod, and merchant bar), used and salvaged vehicles, and supplies. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market.and net realizable value. The Company determines the cost of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal inventories using the average cost method and capitalizes substantially all direct processing costs and yard costs into inventory. The Company allocates material and production costs to joint products using the gross margin method. AMR determines the cost of used and salvaged vehicle inventory at its auto parts stores, which is reported within finished goods, based on the average price the Company pays for a vehicle and capitalizes the vehicle cost and substantially all production costs into inventory. CSS determines the cost of its semi-finished and finished steel product inventories based on average costs and capitalizes all direct and indirect costs of manufacturing into inventory. Indirect costs of manufacturing include general plant costs, maintenance and yard costs. The Company determines the cost of the substantial majority of its supplies inventory using the average cost method and reduces the carrying value for losses due to obsolescence. The Company considers estimated future selling prices when determining the estimated net realizable value of its inventory. As the Company generally sells its export recycled ferrous metal under contracts that provide for shipment within 30 to 60 days after the price is agreed, it utilizes the selling prices under committed contracts and sales orders for determining the estimated market pricenet realizable value of quantities on hand that will be shipped under these contracts and sales orders.
The accounting process the Company uses to record ferrous scrap metal quantities relies on significant estimates. With respect to estimating the quantities of unprocessed ferrous scrap metal inventory that are moved into production, management relies on weighed quantities of the processed ferrous material, adjusted for estimated metal recoveries and yields that are based on historical trends and other judgments by management. Actual recoveries and yields can vary depending on product quality, moisture content and the source of the unprocessed metal. The Company’s estimates are intended to reasonably reflect the quantities of unprocessed ferrous scrap metal that are used in the production of processed ferrous metal. To assist in validating the reasonableness of these estimates, management periodically reviews shrink factors and performs periodicmonthly physical inventories to verify the quantity of inventory on hand.inventories. Due to the inherent nature of the Company'sCompany’s scrap metal inventories, including variations in product density, holding period and production processes utilized to manufacture the products, physical inventories will not necessarily detect all variances for scrap metal inventory such that estimates of quantities are required. To mitigate this risk, the Company further adjusts its ferrous physical inventories when the volume of a commodity is low and a physical inventory count canis deemed to more accurately estimate the remaining volume.
Property, Plant and Equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Expenditures for major additions and improvements are capitalized, while routine repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Interest related to the construction of qualifying assets is capitalized as part of the construction costs and was not material to any of the periods presented. When assets are retired or sold, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and resulting gains or losses are generally included in operating expense. Gains and losses from sales of assets related to an exit activity are reported within restructuring charges and other exit-related activities in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.Income. Depreciation is recorded on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Upon idling an asset, depreciation continues to be recorded. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the remaining lease term.
As of
August 31,Useful Life (in years) | ||
Machinery and equipment | 3 to 40 | |
Land improvements | 3 to 35 | |
Buildings and leasehold improvements | 5 to 40 | |
Office equipment and other software licenses | 3 to | |
Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) systems | 6 to 17 |
Prepaid Expenses
The Company’s prepaid expenses, reported within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, totaled $23 million and $22 million as of August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and consisted primarily of deposits on capital purchases, prepaid insurance, prepaid rent and prepaid services.
59 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Other Assets
The Company’s other assets, exclusive of prepaid expenses, consist primarily of receivables from insurers, a cost methodspare parts, an equity investment, debt issuance costs, and notes and other contractual receivables from suppliers, and assets held for sale.. Other assets are reported within either prepaid expenses and other current assets or other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets based on their expected use either during or beyond the current operating cycle of one year from the reporting date.
Receivables from insurers represent the portion of insured losses expected to be recovered from the Company’s insurance carriers. The receivable is recorded at an amount not to exceed the recorded loss and only if the terms of legally enforceable insurance contracts support that the insurance recovery will not be disputed and is deemed collectible.
The Company invested $6 million in the equity of a privately-held waste and recycling entity.entity in fiscal 2017. The Company's influence over the operatingequity investment does not have a readily determinable fair value and, financial policies of the entity is not significant and, thus, the investment is accounted for under the cost method. Under the cost method, the investmenttherefore, is carried at cost and adjusted only for other-than-temporary impairments certain distributions, and additional investments.observable price changes. The investment is presented as part of AMR and reported within other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company does not hold any other cost-method investments. As of August 31, 2017, the Company had not identified any events or changes in circumstances that may have a significant adverse effect on the faircarrying value of the investment was$6 million as of August 31, 2019 and 2018. The Company has not recorded any impairments or indicatorsupward or downward adjustments to the carrying value of other-than-temporary impairment.
Debt issuance costs consist primarily of costs incurred by the Company to enter into or modify its credit facilities. The Company reports deferred debt issuance costs within other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortizes them to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the contractual term of the arrangement.
Notes and other contractual receivables from suppliers consist primarily of advances to entities in the business of extracting scrap metal through demolition and other activities.activities, as well as receivables from counterparties to sales of equipment assets and to legal settlements. Repayment of these advances to suppliers is in either cash or scrap metal. The Company performs periodic reviews of its notes and other contractual receivables from suppliers to identify credit risks and to assess the overall collectabilitycollectibility of the receivables, which typically involves consideration of the value of collateral which in the case of advances to suppliers is generally in the form of scrap metal extracted from demolition and construction projects. A note or other contractual receivable from a supplier is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms of the agreement. Once a note or other contractual receivable from a supplier has been identified as impaired, it is measured based on the present value of payments expected to be received, discounted at the receivable’s contractual interest rate, or for arrangements that are solely dependent on collateral for repayment, the estimated fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell. If the carrying value of the receivable exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment is recorded for the difference.
Long-Lived Assets
The Company tests long-lived tangible and intangible assets for impairment at the asset group level, which is determined based on the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. For the Company'sCompany’s metals recycling operations reported within AMR, an asset group is generally comprisedconsists of the regional shredding and export operation along with surrounding feeder yards. For regions with no shredding and export operations, each metals recycling yard is an asset group. For the Company'sCompany’s auto parts operations, generally each auto parts store is an asset group. The combined steel manufacturing and metals recycling operations within CSS are a single asset group. Prior to their combination into CSS in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, the Company's steel manufacturing operations and Oregon metals recycling operations were distinct asset groups. The Company tests its asset groups for impairment when certain triggering events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset group may be impaired. If the carrying value of the asset group is not recoverable because it exceeds the Company’s estimate of future undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group, an impairment loss is recognized by the amount the carrying value exceeds its fair value, if any. The impairment loss is allocated to the long-lived assets of the group on a pro rata basis using the relative carrying amounts of those assets, except that the loss allocated to an individual long-lived asset of the group shall not reduce the carrying amount of that asset below its fair value. Fair value is determined primarily using the cost and market approaches.
With respect to individual long-lived assets, changes in circumstances may merit a change in the estimated useful lives or salvage values of the assets, which are accounted for prospectively in the period of change. For such assets, the useful life is shortened based on the Company's currentCompany’s plans to dispose of or abandon the asset before the end of its original useful life and depreciation is accelerated beginning when that determination is made. During fiscal 2017, the Company recognized accelerated depreciation primarily due to shortening the useful lives of idled and decommissioned machinery and equipment assets. During fiscal 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized accelerated depreciation due to shortened useful lives in connection with site closures and idled equipment.
60 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Investments in Joint Ventures
As of August 31, 2017,2019, the Company had four2 50%-owned joint venture interests which were accounted for under the equity method of accounting. ThreeNaN of the joint venture interests areis presented as part of AMR operations, and one1 interest is presented as part of CSS operations. The joint ventures sellventure within CSS sells recycled scrap metal to AMR and toother operations within CSS at prices that approximate local market rates, which produces intercompany profit. This intercompany profit is eliminated while the products remain in inventory and is not recognized until the finished products are sold to third parties. As of August 31, 2017,2019, the Company’s investments in equity method joint ventures have generated $9$8 million in cumulative undistributed earnings.
A loss in value of an investment in a joint venture is recognized when the decline is other than temporary. Management considers all available evidence to evaluate the realizable value of its investments including the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the joint venture business, and the Company’s intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. Once management determines that an other-than-temporary impairment exists, the investment is written down to its fair value, which establishes a new cost basis. The Company determines fair value using Level 3 inputs under the fair value hierarchy using an income approach based on a discounted cash flow analysis.
During fiscal 2018, the Company declassified 2 of its 50% joint venture interests from equity method classification as a result of the agreed-upon dissolution of the joint venture entities. The joint venture interests had previously been presented as part of AMR operations. During fiscal 2017, and 2016, the Company sold 1 of its 50% joint venture interests, which had previously been presented as part of CSS operations. The Company recorded impairment chargesimmaterial gains as a result of $1 million and $2 million, respectively, related to its investments in joint ventures, which are reported within other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
| Year Ended August 31, | |||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Reported within other asset impairment charges (recoveries), net: | |||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | |||||||||||
| Long-lived assets | $ | — | $ | 7,336 | $ | 41,676 | |||||
| Accelerated depreciation | — | 6,208 | — | ||||||||
| Investments in joint ventures | 860 | — | — | ||||||||
| Assets held for sale | (1,044 | ) | 1,659 | 2,558 | |||||||
| Other assets | — | 1,208 | 140 | ||||||||
| Total Auto and Metals Recycling | (184 | ) | 16,411 | 44,374 | |||||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | |||||||||||
| Accelerated depreciation | 401 | — | — | ||||||||
| Investments in joint ventures | (934 | ) | 1,968 | — | |||||||
| Supplies inventory | — | 2,224 | — | ||||||||
| Total Cascade Steel and Scrap | (533 | ) | 4,192 | — | |||||||
| Corporate - Other assets | — | 79 | 745 | ||||||||
| (717 | ) | 20,682 | 45,119 | ||||||||
| Reported within restructuring charges and other exit-related activities: | |||||||||||
| Long-lived assets | — | 468 | — | ||||||||
| Accelerated depreciation | 96 | 630 | 3,836 | ||||||||
| Supplies inventory | — | 1,047 | — | ||||||||
| Other assets | 62 | 35 | — | ||||||||
| Exit-related gains | (565 | ) | (1,337 | ) | — | ||||||
| (407 | ) | 843 | 3,836 | ||||||||
| Reported within discontinued operations: | |||||||||||
| Long-lived assets | — | 673 | 2,666 | ||||||||
| Accelerated depreciation | — | 274 | — | ||||||||
| — | 947 | 2,666 | |||||||||
| Total | $ | (1,124 | ) | $ | 22,472 | $ | 51,621 | ||||
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the net amount of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination measured at fair value. The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually on July 1 and upon the occurrence of certain triggering events or substantive changes in circumstances that indicate that the fair value of goodwill may be impaired. Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment (referred to as a component)‘component’). A component of an operating segment is required to be identified as a reporting unit if the component is a business for which discrete financial information is available and segment management regularly reviews its operating results.
When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than notmore-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company elects to perform a qualitative assessment and determines that an impairment is more likely than not,more-likely-than-not, the Company is then required to perform the quantitative impairment test, otherwise no further analysis is required. The Company also may elect not to perform the qualitative assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test.
When the Company is required to perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test, it estimates the fair value of its reporting units using an income approach based on the present value of expected future cash flows, including terminal value, utilizing a market-based weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) determined separately for each reporting unit. The determination of fair value involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including revenue growth rates driven by future commodity prices and volume expectations, operating margins, capital expenditures, working capital requirements, tax rates, terminal growth rates, discount rates, benefits associated with a taxable transaction and synergistic benefits available to market participants. In addition, to corroborate the reporting units’ valuation, the Company uses a market approach based on earnings multiple data and a reconciliation of the Company’s estimate of the aggregate fair value of the reporting units to the Company’s market capitalization, including consideration of a control premium. See Note 6 - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net for further detail including the recognition ofThe Company did 0t record goodwill impairment charges in any of $9 million and $141 million during fiscal 2016 and 2015, respectively.
The Company tests indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative impairment test. If the Company believes, as a result of its qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than notmore-likely-than-not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. Otherwise, no further testing is required. The Company did not record impairment charges on indefinite-lived intangible assets in any of the periods presented.
61 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Acquisitions
The Company recognizes the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values as of that date. Contingent purchase consideration is recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition. Any excess purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Within one year from the date of acquisition, the Company may update the value allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed and the resulting goodwill balance as a result of information received regarding the valuation of such assets and liabilities that was not available at the time of purchase. Measuring assets and liabilities at fair value requires the Company to determine the price that would be paid by a third party market participant based on the highest and best use of the assets or interests acquired. Acquisition costs are expensed as incurred.
The Company acquired certain assets of an auto recycling business in northern California in fiscal 2019 and certain assets of a metals recycling business in Columbus, Georgia in fiscal 2018. These acquisitions were not material to the Company’s financial position or results of operations. Pro forma operating results for these acquisitions are not presented, since the aggregate results would not be significantly different than reported results. See Note 6 - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net for further details.
Restructuring Charges
Restructuring charges consist of severance, contract termination and other restructuring-related costs. A liability for severance costs is typically recognized when the plan of termination has been communicated to the affected employees and is measured at its fair value at the communication date. Contract termination costs consist primarily of costs that will continue to be incurred under operating leases for their remaining terms without economic benefit to the Company. A liability for contract termination costs is recognized at the date the Company ceases using the rights conveyed by the lease contract and is measured at its fair value, which is determined based on the remaining contractual lease rentals reduced by estimated sublease rentals. A liability for other restructuring-related costs is measured at its fair value in the period in which the liability is incurred. See
Accrued Workers’ Compensation Costs
The Company is self-insured for the significant majority of workers’ compensation claims with exposure limited by various stop-loss insurance policies. The Company estimates the costs of workers’ compensation claims based on the nature of the injury incurred and on guidelines established by the applicable state. An accrual is recorded based upon the amount of unpaid claims as of the balance sheet date. Accrued amounts recorded for individual claims are reviewed periodically as treatment progresses and adjusted to reflect additional information that becomes available. The estimated cost of claims incurred but not reported is included in the accrual. The Company accrued $10$8 million for the estimated cost of unpaid workers’ compensation claims as of August 31, 20172019 and 2016,2018, which are included in other accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Environmental Liabilities
The Company estimates future costs for known environmental remediation requirements and accrues for them on an undiscounted basis when it is probable that the Company has incurred a liability and the related costs can be reasonably estimated but the timing of incurring the estimated costs is unknown. The Company considers various factors when estimating its environmental liabilities. Adjustments to the liabilities are recorded to selling, general and administrative expense and madein the Consolidated Statements of Income when additional information becomes available that affects the estimated costs to study or remediate any environmental issues or when expenditures are made for which liabilities were established. Legal costs incurred in connection with environmental contingencies are expensed as incurred.
When only a wide range of estimated amounts can be reasonably established and no other amount within the range is a better estimate than another, the low end of the range is recorded in the financial statements. In a number of cases, it is possible that the Company may receive reimbursement through insurance or from other potentially responsible parties for a site.site or matter. In these situations, recoveries of environmental remediation costs from other parties are recognized when the claim for recovery is either realized or realizable. The amounts recorded for environmental liabilities are reviewed periodically as site assessment and remediation progresses at individual sites or for particular matters and adjusted to reflect additional information that becomes available. Due to evolving remediation technology, changing regulations, possible third party contributions, the subjective nature of the assumptions used and other factors, amounts accrued could vary significantly from amounts paid. See “Contingencies – Environmental” in
62 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Loss Contingencies
The Company is subject to certain legal proceedings and contingencies in addition to those related to environmental liabilities discussed above in this Note, the outcomes of which are subject to significant uncertainty. The Company accrues for estimated losses if it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. The Company uses judgment and evaluates whether a loss contingency arising from litigation or an unasserted claim should be disclosed or recorded. The outcome of legal proceedings and other contingencies is inherently uncertain and often difficult to estimate. As of August 31, 2017 and 2016, accruals forAccrued legal contingencies net of corresponding receivables from insurers were not material.
Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and debt. The Company uses the market approach to value its financial assets and liabilities, determined using available market information. The net carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. For long-term debt, which is primarily at variable interest rates, fair value is estimated using observable inputs (Level 2) and approximates its carrying value.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is measured using inputs from the
three levels of the fair value hierarchy. Classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are described as follows:• | Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. |
• | Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the determination of the fair value of the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. |
• | Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are significant to the determination of the fair value of the asset or liability. |
When developing the fair value measurements, the Company uses quoted market prices whenever available or seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when quoted market prices are not available.
Derivatives
Derivative contracts for commodities used in normal business operations that are settled by physical delivery, among other criteria, are eligible for and may be designated as normal purchases and normal sales. Contracts that qualify as normal purchases or normal sales are not marked-to-market. The Company does not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions
Assets and liabilities of the Company’s operations in Canada are translated into U.S. dollars at the period-end exchange rate, revenues and expenses of these operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rate for the period, and cash flows of these operations are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates in effect at the time of the cash flows. Translation adjustments are not included in determining net income (loss) for the period, but are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss,income, a separate component of shareholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are generated from the effects of exchange rate changes on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency. Gains and losses on foreign currency transactions are generally included in determining net income (loss) for the period. The Company reports these gains and losses within other income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.Income. Net realized and unrealized foreign currency transaction gains and losses were not material for fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015.
Common Stock
Each share of Class A and Class B common stock is entitled to
one vote. Additionally, each share of Class B common stock may be converted to63 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Share Repurchases
The Company accounts for the repurchase of stock at par value. All shares repurchased are deemed retired. Upon retirement of the shares, the Company records the difference between the weighted average cost of such shares and the par value of the stock as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital, with the excess recorded to retained earnings when additional paid-in capital is not sufficient.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue upon satisfying its promises to transfer goods or services to customers under the terms of its contracts. Nearly all of these promises, referred to as performance obligations, consist of the transfer of physical goods, including ferrous and nonferrous recycled scrap metal, auto bodies, auto parts, and finished steel products, to customers. These performance obligations are satisfied at the point in time the Company transfers control of the goods to the customer, which in nearly all cases is when it has a contract or purchase order from a customer with a fixed or determinable price,title to and risk of loss of the goods transfer to the customer. The timing of transfer of title and risk of loss transfer to the buyer, and collectibility is reasonably assured. Title for both recycled scrap metal and finished steel products transfers based ondictated by customary or explicitly stated contract terms. Nearly all of the Company’s ferrous export sales are made with letters of credit, reducing credit risk. However, ferrous domestic sales, nonferrous sales and sales of finished steel products are generally made on open account. Nonferrous export sales typically require a deposit prior to shipment. All sales made on open account are evaluated for collectability prior to revenue recognition. Additionally,For example, the Company recognizes revenue on partially loaded bulk shipments of ferrous recycled scrap metal when contractual terms support revenue recognition based on transfer of title and risk of loss. The Company reports revenue netsignificant majority of the payments madeCompany’s sales involve transfer of control to the suppliercustomer, and thus revenue recognition, before delivery to the customer’s destination; for example, upon release of scrap metalthe goods to the shipper. The Company’s bill-and-hold arrangements involve transfer of control to the customer when the supplier,goods have been segregated from other inventory at the Company’s facility and not the Company, is responsibleare ready for fulfillment, including the acceptability of the products purchased byphysical transfer to the customer. Retail auto parts revenueShipping and handling activities that occur after a customer has obtained control of a good are accounted for as fulfillment costs rather than an additional promise in a contract. As such, shipping and handling consideration (freight revenue) is recognized when control of the goods transfers to the customer, paysand freight expense is accrued to cost of goods sold when the related revenue is recognized.
In certain regional markets, the Company enters into contracts whereby it arranges for, or brokers, the transfer of scrap material between scrap suppliers and end customers. For transactions in which the Company obtains substantive control of the scrap material before the goods are transferred to the end customer, for example by arranging for the part. Historically, there haveprocessing or warehousing of the material, the Company recognizes revenue equal to the gross amount of the consideration it expects to receive from the customer (as principal). Alternatively, for transactions in which the Company does not obtain substantive control of the scrap material before the product is transferred to the end customer, the Company recognizes revenue equal to the net amount of the consideration it expects to retain after paying the supplier for the purchase of the scrap metal (as agent). The Company is the agent in the transaction for the substantial majority of brokerage arrangements.
Nearly all of the Company’s sales contracts reflect market pricing at the time the contract is executed, are one year or less, and generally provide for shipment within 30 to 60 days after the price has been agreed upon with the customer. The Company’s retail auto parts sales are at listed prices and are recognized at the point of sale.
The Company recognizes revenue based on contractually stated selling prices and quantities shipped, net of sales tax, and adjusted for estimated claims and discounts. Claims are customary in the recycled scrap metal industry and arise from variances in the quantity or quality of delivered products. Revenue adjustments may be required if the settlement of claims exceeds original estimates. Discounts offered to certain finished steel customers qualify as variable consideration as the discounts are contingent upon future events. Variable consideration arising from discounts is recognized upon the transfer of finished steel products to customers based upon either the expected value or the most likely amount and was not material for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019. The Company experiences very few sales returns and, adjustments that impact the ultimate collection of revenues; therefore, no material provisions for returns have been made when sales are
Advertising Costs
The Company expenses advertising costs when incurred. Advertising expense was $6 million in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, and $5 million in each of fiscal 2016 and 2015.
Share-Based Compensation
The Company estimates grant-date fair value of stock-based compensation awards based on the market closing price of the underlying Class A common stock on the date of grant, except for performance share awards with atotal shareholder return (“TSR”) market performance metric for which the Company estimates fair value using a Monte-Carlo simulation model. The Company recognizes compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions with employees and non-employee directorsexpense for all awards, net of estimated forfeitures, over the vesting period, with the cost measuredrequisite service period. Compensation expense is based on the grant-date fair value as described above, except for performance share awards withnon-market (return on capital employed (“ROCE") or cash flow return on investment (“CFROI”)) performance metrics. For these awards compensation expense is based on the
64 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
probable outcome of achieving the specified performance conditions.The Company reassesses whether achievement of the equity instruments issued, net of an estimated forfeiture rate.ROCE and CFROI performance metrics is probable at each reporting date. See
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. This requires the recognition of taxes currently payable or refundable and the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of events that are recognized in one reporting period on the Consolidated Financial Statements but in a different reporting period on the tax returns. Tax credits are recognized as a reduction of income tax expense in the year the credit arises. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than notmore-likely-than-not that a tax benefit will not be realized. The Company assesses the realizability of its deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis through an analysis of potential sources of future taxable income, including prior year taxable income available to absorb a carryback of tax losses, reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, tax planning strategies, and forecasts of taxable income. The Company considers all negative and positive evidence, including the weight of the evidence, to determine if valuation allowances against deferred tax assets are required. Tax benefits arising from uncertain tax positions are recognized when it is more likely than notmore-likely-than-not that the position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant tax authorities. The amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. See
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI shareholders is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to SSI shareholders by the weighted average number of outstanding common shares during the periodsperiod presented including vested deferred stock units (“DSUs”) and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) meeting certain criteria. Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI shareholders is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to SSI shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, assuming dilution. Potentially dilutive common shares include the assumed exercise of stock options and assumed vesting of performance share, DSURSU and RSUDSU awards using the treasury stock method. Certain of the Company’s stock optionsperformance share and RSU and performance share awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI shareholders because they were antidilutive; however, certain of these RSUperformance share and performance shareRSU awards could be dilutive in the future. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests is deducted from income (loss) from continuing operations to arrive at income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders for the purpose of calculating income (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI. LossSSI shareholders. Income (loss) per share from discontinued operations attributable to SSI shareholders is presented separately in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.Income. See
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Examples include revenue recognition; the allowance for doubtful accounts; estimates of contingencies, including environmental liabilities and other legal liabilities; goodwill, long-lived asset and indefinite-lived intangible asset valuation; valuation of equity method and cost method investments; valuation of certain share-based awards; other asset valuation; inventory measurement and valuation; pension plan assumptions; and the assessment of the valuation of deferred income taxes and income tax contingencies. Actual results may differ from estimated amounts.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and notes and other contractual receivables from suppliers.receivables. The majority of cash and cash equivalents is maintained with major financial institutions. Balances with these and certain other institutions exceeded the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured amount of $250,000$250 thousand as of August 31, 2017.2019. Concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is limited because a large number of geographically diverse customers make up the Company’s customer base. The Company controls credit risk through credit approvals, credit limits, credit insurance, letters of credit or other collateral, cash deposits and monitoring procedures. The Company is exposed to a residual credit risk with respect to open letters of credit by virtue of the possibility of the failure of a bank providing a letter of credit. The Company had $48$49 million and $40$58 million of open letters of credit as of
65 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Note 3 – Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, an accounting standard was issued that will supersedesupersedes the existing lease standard existing at the time and requiringrequires a lessee to recognize a lease liability and a lease asset on its balance sheet for all leases greater than 12 months, including those classified as operating leases under the existing lease standard.leases. The updatestandard also expands the required quantitative and qualitative disclosures surrounding leases. ThisUpdates have been issued since February 2016 amending aspects of the initial standard, isincluding providing an additional and optional transition method for adoption. The new lease accounting standard becomes effective for the Company beginning in fiscal 2020, including interim periods within that fiscal year. This standard will be appliedon September 1, 2019. The Company expects to adopt the new guidance using athe modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The Company is in the process of identifying its population of leases within the scope ofmethod, whereby it applies the new accounting standard and documenting salient lease termsrequirements by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to support the initial and subsequent measurementopening balance of lease liabilities and lease assets. The Company is evaluating the impactretained earnings as of adopting this standard on its financial position, results of operations, cash flows and disclosures.
Note 4 – Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following as of August 31 (in thousands):
|
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
Processed and unprocessed scrap metal |
| $ | 81,313 |
|
| $ | 111,658 |
|
Semi-finished goods |
|
| 8,712 |
|
|
| 15,551 |
|
Finished goods |
|
| 53,796 |
|
|
| 39,809 |
|
Supplies |
|
| 43,499 |
|
|
| 38,859 |
|
Inventories |
| $ | 187,320 |
|
| $ | 205,877 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | ||||||
| Processed and unprocessed scrap metal | $ | 88,441 | $ | 49,061 | |||
| Semi-finished goods (billets) | 3,243 | 8,320 | |||||
| Finished goods | 40,462 | 40,646 | |||||
| Supplies | 34,796 | 34,945 | |||||
| Inventories | $ | 166,942 | $ | 132,972 | |||
Note 5 – Property, Plant and Equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following as of August 31 (in thousands):
|
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
Machinery and equipment |
| $ | 697,746 |
|
| $ | 679,520 |
|
Land and improvements |
|
| 283,348 |
|
|
| 269,382 |
|
Buildings and leasehold improvements |
|
| 112,244 |
|
|
| 108,882 |
|
ERP systems |
|
| 17,760 |
|
|
| 17,760 |
|
Office equipment and other software licenses |
|
| 43,960 |
|
|
| 43,175 |
|
Construction in progress |
|
| 67,375 |
|
|
| 28,553 |
|
Property, plant and equipment, gross |
|
| 1,222,433 |
|
|
| 1,147,272 |
|
Less accumulated depreciation |
|
| (766,033 | ) |
|
| (731,561 | ) |
Property, plant and equipment, net |
| $ | 456,400 |
|
| $ | 415,711 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | ||||||
| Machinery and equipment | $ | 683,364 | $ | 659,641 | |||
| Land and improvements | 260,854 | 245,266 | |||||
| Buildings and leasehold improvements | 111,077 | 104,121 | |||||
| Office equipment | 48,517 | 49,924 | |||||
| ERP systems | 17,884 | 17,735 | |||||
| Construction in progress | 25,427 | 31,098 | |||||
| Property, plant and equipment, gross | 1,147,123 | 1,107,785 | |||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | (756,494 | ) | (714,965 | ) | |||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | $ | 390,629 | $ | 392,820 | |||
Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment, which includes amortization expense for assets under capital leases, was $53 million, $49 million
Note 6 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net
The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually on July 1 and upon the occurrence of certain triggering events or substantive changes in circumstances that indicate that the fair value of goodwill may be impaired.
66 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
In the second quarter of fiscal 2015, management identified2018, the combinationCompany acquired certain assets of a significant further weakeningmetals recycling business in market conditions at such time, continued constrained supplyColumbus, Georgia for $2 million. The acquisition qualified as a business combination under the accounting rules and resulted in the recognition of raw materials due$1 million of goodwill during the second quarter of fiscal 2018. The Company allocated the acquired goodwill to a reporting unit within the AMR operating segment. The reporting unit did not carry any goodwill immediately prior to the lower price environment which negatively impacted volumes, the planned idling or closure of certain production facilities and retail stores, the Company’s financial performance and a decline in the Company’s market capitalization during the first half of fiscal 2015 as a triggering event requiring an interim impairment test of goodwill allocated to its reporting units, which resulted in impairment of the remaining carrying amount of a reporting unit's goodwill totaling $141 million. The impairment charge is reported within the results of AMR in this report.
In the second quarter of fiscal 2016, management identified2019, the Company acquired certain assets of an auto recycling business in northern California for $2 million. The acquisition qualified as a business combination of sustained weak market conditions at such time, includingunder the adverse effects of lower commodity selling pricesaccounting guidance and the constraining impact of the lower price environment on the supply of raw materials which negatively impacted volumes, the Company’s financial performance and a declineresulted in the Company’s market capitalization at such time as a triggering event requiring an interim impairment testrecognition of $2 million of goodwill during the second quarter of fiscal 2019. The Company allocated the acquired goodwill to its reporting units, which resulted in impairment of the entire carrying amount of goodwill allocated to a reporting unit within the AMR totaling $9 million.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017,2019, the Company performed the annual goodwill impairment test as of July 1, 2017.2019. As of the testing date, the balance of the Company'sCompany’s goodwill was $170 million, and all but $1 million of $167 million such balance was carried by a single reporting unit within AMR. The Company elected to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances led to a determination that it was more likely than notis more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of theeach reporting unit wascarrying goodwill is less than its carrying amount. As a result of the qualitative assessment, the Company concluded that it wasis not more likely than notmore-likely-than-not that the fair value of theeach reporting unit wascarrying goodwill is less than its carrying value as of the testing date and, therefore, no further impairment testing was required.
The gross changeschange in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment for the years ended August 31, 20172019 and 2016 were2018 was as follows (in thousands):
|
| Goodwill |
| |
Balance as of September 1, 2017 |
| $ | 167,835 |
|
Acquisition |
|
| 1,118 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
| (888 | ) |
Balance as of August 31, 2018 |
|
| 168,065 |
|
Acquisition |
|
| 1,575 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
| (403 | ) |
Balance as of August 31, 2019 |
| $ | 169,237 |
|
| AMR | |||
| Balance as of August 31, 2015 | $ | 175,676 | |
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | 16 | ||
| Goodwill impairment charge | (8,845 | ) | |
| Balance as of August 31, 2016 | 166,847 | ||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | 988 | ||
| Balance as of August 31, 2017 | $ | 167,835 | |
Accumulated goodwill impairment charges were $471$471 million as of August 31, 20172019 and 2016.
The following table presents the Company’s intangible assets as of August 31 (in thousands):
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
| ||||||||||||||||||
|
| Gross Carrying Amount |
|
| Accumulated Amortization |
|
| Net |
|
| Gross Carrying Amount |
|
| Accumulated Amortization |
|
| Net |
| ||||||
Covenants not to compete |
| $ | 5,746 |
|
| $ | (2,862 | ) |
| $ | 2,884 |
|
| $ | 5,591 |
|
| $ | (2,596 | ) |
| $ | 2,995 |
|
Other intangible assets subject to amortization (1) |
|
| 771 |
|
|
| (254 | ) |
|
| 517 |
|
|
| 1,162 |
|
|
| (880 | ) |
|
| 282 |
|
Indefinite-lived intangibles (2) |
|
| 1,081 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,081 |
|
|
| 1,081 |
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,081 |
| |
Total |
| $ | 7,598 |
|
| $ | (3,116 | ) |
| $ | 4,482 |
|
| $ | 7,834 |
|
| $ | (3,476 | ) |
| $ | 4,358 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net | ||||||||||||||||||
| Covenants not to compete | $ | 6,094 | $ | (3,140 | ) | $ | 2,954 | $ | 6,145 | $ | (2,791 | ) | $ | 3,354 | |||||||||
Other intangible assets subject to amortization(1) | 1,162 | (773 | ) | 389 | 1,162 | (666 | ) | 496 | |||||||||||||||
Indefinite-lived intangibles(2) | 1,081 | — | 1,081 | 1,081 | — | 1,081 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 8,337 | $ | (3,913 | ) | $ | 4,424 | $ | 8,388 | $ | (3,457 | ) | $ | 4,931 | |||||||||
(1) | |
Other intangible assets subject to amortization include leasehold interests, permits and licenses. |
(2) | |
Indefinite-lived intangibles include trade names, permits and licenses, and real property options. |
Total intangible asset amortization expense was $1 million $1 million and $2 million forin each of the years ended August 31, 2017, 20162019, 2018 and 2015, respectively. Amortization expense of less than $1 million was reported within discontinued operations for the year ended August 31, 2015. No amortization expense was reported within discontinued operations for the years ended August 31, 2017 and 2016.2017. Impairments of intangible assets were immaterial for all periods presented.
67 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
The estimated amortization expense, based on current intangible asset balances, during the next five fiscal years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):
Years Ending August 31, |
| Estimated Amortization Expense |
| |
2020 |
| $ | 624 |
|
2021 |
|
| 389 |
|
2022 |
|
| 387 |
|
2023 |
|
| 332 |
|
2024 |
|
| 307 |
|
Thereafter |
|
| 1,362 |
|
Total |
| $ | 3,401 |
|
| Years Ending August 31, | Estimated Amortization Expense | |||
| 2018 | $ | 456 | ||
| 2019 | 303 | |||
| 2020 | 274 | |||
| 2021 | 274 | |||
| 2022 | 273 | |||
| Thereafter | 1,763 | |||
| Total | $ | 3,343 | ||
Note 7
– DebtDebt consisted of the following as of August 31 (in thousands):
|
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
Bank revolving credit facilities, interest primarily at LIBOR plus a spread |
| $ | 96,835 |
|
| $ | 100,000 |
|
Capital lease obligations due through July 2029 |
|
| 7,774 |
|
|
| 6,787 |
|
Other debt obligations |
|
| 487 |
|
|
| 589 |
|
Total debt |
|
| 105,096 |
|
|
| 107,376 |
|
Less current maturities |
|
| (1,321 | ) |
|
| (1,139 | ) |
Debt, net of current maturities |
| $ | 103,775 |
|
| $ | 106,237 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | ||||||
| Bank revolving credit facilities, interest at LIBOR plus a spread | $ | 140,000 | $ | 180,000 | |||
| Tax-exempt economic development revenue bonds due January 2021, redeemed and repaid in full in September 2016 | — | 7,700 | |||||
| Capital lease obligations due through February 2028 | 4,418 | 4,053 | |||||
| Other debt obligations | 706 | 765 | |||||
| Total debt | 145,124 | 192,518 | |||||
| Less current maturities | (721 | ) | (8,374 | ) | |||
| Debt, net of current maturities | $ | 144,403 | $ | 184,144 | |||
On August 24, 2018, the Company and certain of $335 millionits subsidiaries entered into the First Amendment to the Third Amended and C$15 million mature in April 2021 pursuant to a credit agreementRestated Credit Agreement (the “Amended Credit Agreement”) with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders party thereto. Subjectthereto, which amended and restated the Company’s existing credit agreement. The Amended Credit Agreement provides for $700 million and C$15 million in senior secured revolving credit facilities maturing in August 2023. Prior to its amendment and renewal, the termscredit agreement provided for $335 million and conditionsC$15 million in senior secured revolving credit facilities. The Company incurred $3 million in debt issuance costs in connection with the Amended Credit Agreement, which are amortized to interest expense over the five-year term of the agreement, the Company may request that the commitments under the U.S. credit facility be increased by an aggregate amount not exceeding $100 million if certain conditions are met including pre-approval by the lenders and achievement of certain pro forma financial results.arrangement. As of August 31, 20172019 and 2016,2018, borrowings outstanding
Interest rates on outstanding indebtedness under the credit agreementAmended Credit Agreement are based, at the Company’s option, on either the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"(“LIBOR”), or the Canadian equivalent, plus a spread of between 1.75%1.25% and 2.75%, with the amount of the spread based on a pricing grid tied to the Company’s leverageconsolidated funded debt to EBITDA ratio, but no less than 2.50% for the fiscal quarters ended May 31, 2016, August 31, 2016 and November 30, 2016, or the greater of the prime rate, the federal funds rate plus 0.50% or the daily rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus 1.75%, in each case plus a spread of between zero0 and 1.00%1.50% based on a pricing grid tied to the Company's leverageCompany’s consolidated funded debt to EBITDA ratio. In addition, commitment fees are payable on the unused portion of the credit facilities at rates between 0.20%0.15% and 0.40%0.45% based on a pricing grid tied to the Company’s leverageconsolidated funded debt to EBITDA ratio.
The credit agreementAmended Credit Agreement contains certain customary covenants, including covenants that limit the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to enter into certain types of transactions. Financial covenants include covenants requiring maintenance of a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and a maximum leverage ratio and a minimum asset coverage ratio. The Company’s obligations under the credit agreementAmended Credit Agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of its subsidiaries. The credit facilities and the related guarantees are secured by senior first priority liens on certain of the Company'sCompany’s and its subsidiaries’ assets, including equipment, inventory and accounts receivable.
As of August 31, 2016, the Company had $8 million of tax-exempt economic development revenue bonds outstanding with the State of Oregon and scheduled to mature in January 2021. In August 2016, the Company exercised its option to redeem the bonds prior to maturity. The Company repaid the bonds in full in September 2016. The obligation is reported as a current liability within short-term borrowings as of August 31, 2016 on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, and the $8 million repayment is reported as a cash outflow from financing activities for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2017 on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
68 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Principal payments on long-term debt and capital lease obligations during the next five fiscal years and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):
Year Ending August 31, |
| Long-Term Debt |
|
| Capital Lease Obligations |
|
| Total |
| |||
2020 |
| $ | 94 |
|
| $ | 1,917 |
|
| $ | 2,011 |
|
2021 |
|
| 47 |
|
|
| 1,799 |
|
|
| 1,846 |
|
2022 |
|
| 49 |
|
|
| 1,751 |
|
|
| 1,800 |
|
2023 |
|
| 96,887 |
|
|
| 1,622 |
|
|
| 98,509 |
|
2024 |
|
| 56 |
|
|
| 1,346 |
|
|
| 1,402 |
|
Thereafter |
|
| 189 |
|
|
| 1,694 |
|
|
| 1,883 |
|
Total |
|
| 97,322 |
|
|
| 10,129 |
|
|
| 107,451 |
|
Amounts representing interest |
|
| — |
|
|
| (2,355 | ) |
|
| (2,355 | ) |
Total less interest |
| $ | 97,322 |
|
| $ | 7,774 |
|
| $ | 105,096 |
|
| Year Ending August 31, | Long-Term Debt | Capital Lease Obligations | Total | |||||||||
| 2018 | $ | 41 | $ | 1,169 | $ | 1,210 | ||||||
| 2019 | 153 | 1,043 | 1,196 | |||||||||
| 2020 | 92 | 1,022 | 1,114 | |||||||||
| 2021 | 140,050 | 885 | 140,935 | |||||||||
| 2022 | 53 | 753 | 806 | |||||||||
| Thereafter | 317 | 1,824 | 2,141 | |||||||||
| Total | 140,706 | 6,696 | 147,402 | |||||||||
| Amounts representing interest and executory costs | — | (2,278 | ) | (2,278 | ) | |||||||
| Total less interest | $ | 140,706 | $ | 4,418 | $ | 145,124 | ||||||
The Company maintains stand-by letters of credit to provide for certain obligations including workers’ compensation and performance bonds. The Company had $10 million outstanding under these arrangements as of August 31, 20172019 and $16 million as of August 31, 2016.
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Revenues | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 8,263 | |||||
| Loss from discontinued operations before income taxes | $ | (390 | ) | $ | (1,348 | ) | $ | (7,227 | ) | ||
| Income tax expense | — | — | — | ||||||||
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | $ | (390 | ) | $ | (1,348 | ) | $ | (7,227 | ) | ||
Note 98 – Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
The Company leases a portion of its capital equipment and certain of its facilities under leases that expire at various dates through fiscal 2047. The majority of the Company'sCompany’s facility lease agreements include renewal options and rent escalation clauses. Rent expense was $25$27 million $24, $27 million and $26$25 million for fiscal
The table below sets forth the Company’s future minimum obligations under non-cancelable operating leases as of
August 31,Year Ending August 31, |
| Operating Leases |
| |
2020 |
| $ | 21,286 |
|
2021 |
|
| 15,301 |
|
2022 |
|
| 12,488 |
|
2023 |
|
| 10,419 |
|
2024 |
|
| 5,035 |
|
Thereafter |
|
| 16,095 |
|
Total |
| $ | 80,624 |
|
| Year Ending August 31, | Operating Leases | |||
| 2018 | $ | 19,572 | ||
| 2019 | 16,824 | |||
| 2020 | 13,333 | |||
| 2021 | 7,894 | |||
| 2022 | 5,317 | |||
| Thereafter | 22,410 | |||
| Total | $ | 85,350 | ||
Contingencies – Environmental
Changes in the Company’s environmental liabilities for the years ended
August 31,Balance 9/1/2017 |
|
| Liabilities Established (Released), Net |
|
| Payments and Other |
|
| Ending Balance 8/31/2018 |
|
| Liabilities Established (Released), Net |
|
| Payments and Other |
|
| Ending Balance 8/31/2019 |
|
| Short- Term |
|
| Long- Term |
| |||||||||
$ | 48,398 |
|
| $ | 9,172 |
|
| $ | (3,738 | ) |
| $ | 53,832 |
|
| $ | 1,302 |
|
| $ | (3,335 | ) |
| $ | 51,799 |
|
| $ | 6,030 |
|
| $ | 45,769 |
|
69 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
| Balance 8/31/2015 | Liabilities Established (Released), Net | Payments and Other | Ending Balance 8/31/2016 | Liabilities Established (Released), Net | Payments and Other | Ending Balance 8/31/2017 | Short-Term | Long-Term | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | 46,793 | $ | 480 | $ | (923 | ) | $ | 46,350 | $ | 2,560 | $ | (512 | ) | $ | 48,398 | $ | 2,007 | $ | 46,391 | |||||||||||||||
Recycling Operations
As of August 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company’s recycling operations had environmental liabilities of $52 million and $54 million, respectively, for the potential remediation of locations where it has conducted business or has environmental liabilities from historical or recent activities. The liabilities relate to the investigation and potential future remediation of contaminated sediments and riverbanks, soil contamination, groundwater contamination, storm water runoff issues and other natural resource damages. Except for Portland Harbor
Portland Harbor
In December 2000, the Company was notified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) that it is one of the potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) that own or operate or formerly owned or operated sites which are part of or adjacent to the Portland Harbor Superfund site (the “Site”). The precise nature and extent of any cleanup of any specific areas within the Site, the parties to be involved, the timing of any specific remedial action and the allocation of the costs for any cleanup among responsible parties have not yet been determined. The process of site investigation, remedy selection, identification of additional PRPs and allocation of costs has been underway for a number of years, but significant uncertainties remain. It is unclear to what extent the Company will be liable for environmental costs or natural resource damage claims or third party contribution or damage claims with respect to the Site.
While the Company participated in certain preliminary Site study efforts, it was not party to the consent order entered into by the EPA with certain other PRPs, referred to as the “Lower Willamette Group” (“LWG”), for a remedial investigation/feasibility study (“RI/FS”). During fiscal 2007, the Company and certain other parties agreed to an interim settlement with the LWG under which the Company made a cash contribution to the LWG RI/FS. The LWG has indicated that it had incurredincurred over $115 million$155 million in investigation-related costs over an approximately 1018 year period working on the RI/FS. Following submittal of draft RI and FS documents which the EPA largely rejected, the EPA took over the RI/FS process.
The Company has joined with approximately 100 other PRPs, including the LWG members, in a voluntary process to establish an allocation of costs at the Site, including the costs incurred by the LWG in the RI/FS process. The LWG members have also commenced federal court litigation, which has been stayed, seeking to bring additional parties into the allocation process.
In January 2008, the Portland Harbor Natural Resource Damages Trustee Council (“Trustees”Trustee Council”) for Portland Harbor invited the Company and other PRPs to participate in funding and implementing the Natural Resource Injury Assessment for the Site. Following meetings among the TrusteesTrustee Council and the PRPs, a funding and participation agreement wasagreements were negotiated under which the participating PRPs, including the Company, agreed to fund the first phase of the three-phase natural resource damage assessment. ThePhase 1, which included the development of the Natural Resource Damage Assessment Plan (“AP”) and implementation of several early studies, was substantially completed in 2010. In December 2017, the Company joined with other participating PRPs in thatagreeing to fund Phase I agreement and paid a portion of those costs. The Company did not participate in funding the second phase2 of the natural resource damage assessment.
On January 30, 2017, one of the Trustees, the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation, which withdrew from the council in 2009, filed a suit on January 30, 2017 against approximately 30 parties, including the Company, seeking reimbursement of certain past and future response costs in connection with remedial action at the Site and recovery of assessment costs related to natural resources damages from releases at and from the Site to the Multnomah Channel and the Lower Columbia River. The parties have filed various motions to dismiss or stay this suit, and in August 2019, the court issued an order denying the motions to dismiss and staying the action. A number of parties have filed to appeal the court’s denial of the motions to dismiss, which filing the Company joined in part. The Company intends to defend against suchthe claims in this suit and does not have sufficient information to determine the likelihood of a loss in this matter or to estimate the amount of damages being sought or the amount of such damages that could be allocated to the Company.
Estimates of the cost of remedial action for the cleanup of the in-river portion of the Site have varied widely in various drafts of the FS and in the EPA’s final FS issued in June 2016 have varied widely,ranging from approximately $170 million to over $2.5 billion (net present value), depending on the remedyremedial alternative and a number of other factors. In addition,comments submitted to the EPA, the Company and certain other stakeholders have identified a number of serious concerns regarding the EPA'sEPA’s risk and remedial alternatives assessments, and the EPA's cost estimates, scheduling assumptions and conclusions regarding the feasibility effectiveness and assignmenteffectiveness of remediation technologies, including that the EPA’s FS was based on data that are more than a decade old and may not accurately represent site or background conditions.technologies.
70 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
In January 2017, the EPA issued a Record of Decision (“ROD”) that identified the selected remedy for the Site. The selected remedy is a modified version of one of the alternative remedies evaluated in the EPA’s FS that expands the scope of the cleanup and has an estimated cost which is significantly more than the Proposed Plan identified by the EPA in the final FS.was expanded to include additional work at a greater cost. The EPA has estimated the total cost of the selected remedy at $1.7 billion with a net present value cost of $1.05 billion (at a 7% discount rate) and an estimated construction period of 13 years following completion of the remedial designs. In the ROD, the EPA stated that the cost estimate is an order-of-magnitude engineering estimate that is expected to be within +50% to -30% of the actual project cost and that changes in the cost elements are likely to occur as a result of new information and data collected during the engineering design. The Company has identified a number of concerns regarding the EPA's estimated costremedy described in the ROD, which is based on data that is more than a decade old, and the EPA’s estimates for the costs and time required forto implement the selected remedy. Because of ongoing questions regarding cost-effectivenesscost effectiveness, technical feasibility, and other concerns, such as technical feasibility,the use of stale data and the need for new baseline data, it is uncertain whether the ROD will be implemented as issued. In addition, the ROD doesdid not determine or allocate the responsibility for remediation costs.
In the ROD, the EPA acknowledged that much of the assumptionsdata used in preparing the ROD was more than a decade old and would need to estimate costs for the selected remedy were developed based on the existing data and will be finalized duringupdated with a new round of “baseline” sampling to be conducted prior to the remedial design after design level data to refine the baseline conditions are obtained. Moreover,phase. Accordingly, the ROD provides only Site-wide cost estimates and does not provide sufficient detail or ranges of certainty and finality to estimate costsprovided for specific sediment management areas. Accordingly, the EPA has indicated and the Company anticipates that additional pre-remedial design investigative work such as newand baseline sampling and monitoring, willto be conducted in order to provide a re-baselinebaseline of current conditions and delineateddelineate particular remedial actions for specific areas within the Site. This re-baselining will needadditional sampling needs to occur prior to proceeding with the next phase in the process which is the remedial design. The remedial design phase is an engineering phase during which additional technical information and data will be collected, identified and incorporated into technical drawings and specifications developed for the subsequent remedial action. TheMoreover, the ROD provided only Site-wide cost estimates and did not provide sufficient detail to estimate costs for specific sediment management areas within the Site. Following issuance of the ROD, EPA is seekingproposed that the PRPs, or a subgroup of PRPs, perform the additional investigative work identified in the ROD under a new coalition ofconsent order.
In December 2017, the Company and 3 other PRPs to perform the re-baselining and remedial design activities. The Company is considering whether to become a party toentered into a new Administrative Settlement Agreement and Order on Consent with EPA to perform such pre-remedial design investigative activities, if an acceptable consent order can be finalized.investigation and baseline sampling over a two year period. The Company does not believeestimated that its share of the costs of performing such work would be material,approximately $2 million, which it recorded to environmental liabilities and selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated financial statements in fiscal 2018. The Company believes that such costs wouldwill be allocablefully covered by existing insurance coverage and, thus, also recorded an insurance receivable for $2 million in fiscal 2018, resulting in no net impact to the Company’s consolidated results of operations. The Company’s loss contingencies as of August 31, 2019 and 2018 included $1 million and $2 million, respectively, for its estimated share of the costs of the investigation, including pre-remedial design investigative activities.
The pre-remedial design investigation and baseline sampling work has been completed, and the report evaluating the data was submitted to EPA on June 17, 2019. The evaluation report concludes that they wouldSite conditions have improved substantially since the data forming the basis of the ROD was collected over a decade ago. The analysis contained in the report has significant implications for remedial design and remedial action at the Site. EPA has reviewed the report, finding with a few limited corrections that the data is of suitable quality and generally acceptable and stating that such data will be reimbursable underused, in addition to existing and forthcoming design-level data, to inform implementation of the insurance policies discussed below.
EPA has stated that it wants PRPs to step forward (individually or in groups) to enter into consent agreements to perform remedial design covering the entire Site and has proposed dividing the Site into 8 to 10 subareas for remedial design. EPA has indicated that it may pursue enforcement or other actions against PRPs who have not entered into consent agreements to perform remedial design by the end of 2019. The Company has engaged in good-faith negotiations with EPA with respect to potentially performing remedial design; but it is unclear whether the Company will reach agreement with EPA, and the timing for completion of remedial design is uncertain but could take three to four years.
Except for certain early action projects in which the Company is not involved, remediation activities are not expected to commence for a number of years andyears. In addition, as discussed above, responsibility for implementing and funding the remedy will be determined in a separate allocation process. While an allocation process, which is currently underway as discussed above, the EPA's ROD has raised questions and uncertainty as to when and how that allocation process will proceed.on-going. The Company would not expect the next major stage of the allocation process to proceed until after additional pre-remedialin parallel with the remedial design data is collected.process.
71 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Because there has not been a determination of the specific remediation actions that will be required, the amount of natural resource damages or how the allocation of costs of the investigations and any remedy and natural resource damages will be allocated among the PRPs, the Company believes it is not possible to reasonably estimate the amount or range of costs which it is likely to or which it is
The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality is separately providing oversight of voluntary investigations and source control activities by the Company involving the Company’s sites adjacent to the Portland Harbor which are focused on controlling any current “uplands” releases of contaminants into the Willamette River. No liabilities have been established in connection with these investigations because the extent of contamination (if any) and the Company’s responsibility for the contamination (if any) have not yet been determined.
Other Legacy Environmental Loss Contingencies
The Company’s environmental loss contingencies as of August 31, 20172019 and 2016,August 31, 2018, other than Portland Harbor, include actual or possible investigation and cleanup costs from historical contamination at sites currently or formerly owned or formerly operated by the Company or at other sites where the Company may have responsibility for such costs due to past disposal or other activities ("(“legacy environmental loss contingencies"contingencies”). These legacy environmental loss contingencies relate to the potential remediation of waterways and soil and groundwater contamination and may also involve natural resource damages, governmental fines and penalties and claims by third parties for personal injury and property damage. The Company has been notified that it is or may be a potentially responsible party at certain of these sites, and investigation and cleanup activities are ongoing or may be required in the future. The Company recognizes a liability for such matters when the loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. WhereWhen investigation and cleanup activities are ongoing or where the Company has not yet been identified as having responsibility or the contamination has not yet been identified, it is reasonably possible that the Company may need to recognize additional liabilities in connection with such sites but the Company cannot currently reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss absent additional information or developments. Such additional liabilities, individually or in the aggregate, may have a material adverse effect on the Company'sCompany’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
During fiscal 2018, the Company accrued $4 million in expense at its Corporate division for the estimated costs related to remediation of shredder residue disposed of in or around the 1970s at third-party sites located near each other. Investigation activities have been conducted under oversight of the applicable state regulatory agency. As of August 31, 2019 and August 31, 2018, the Company had $4 million accrued for this matter. It is reasonably possible that the Company may recognize additional liabilities in connection with this matter at the time such losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. The Company currently estimates a range of reasonably possible losses related to this matter in excess of current accruals at between 0 and $28 million based on a range of remedial alternatives and subject to development and approval by regulators of a specific remedy implementation plan. The Company is investigating whether a portion or all of the current and future losses related to this matter, if incurred, are covered by existing insurance coverage or may be offset by contributions from other responsible parties.
In addition, the Company’s loss contingencies as of each of August 31, 2019 and August 31, 2018 include $6 million for the estimated costs related to remediation of soil and groundwater conditions, including penalties, in connection with a closed facility owned and previously operated by an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary. Investigation activities have been conducted under the oversight of the applicable state regulatory agency, and the Company has also been working with local officials with respect to the protection of public water supplies. It is reasonably possible that the Company may recognize additional liabilities, including penalties, in connection with this matter at the time such additional losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. However, the Company cannot reasonably estimate at this time the possible additional loss or range of possible additional losses associated with this matter pending completion of on-going studies and determination of remediation plans and pending further negotiations to settle the related enforcement matter.
72 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Steel Manufacturing Operations
The Company’s steel manufacturing operations had 0 known environmental liabilities as of August 31, 2019 and 2018.
The steel mill’s electric arc furnace generates dust (“EAF dust”) that is classified as hazardous waste by the EPA because of its zinc and lead content. As a result, the Company captures the EAF dust and ships it in specialized rail cars to firms that apply treatments that allow for the ultimate disposal of the EAF dust.
The Company’s steel mill has an operating permit issued under Title V of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, which governs certain air quality standards. The permit is based on an annual production capacity of approximately 950 thousand tons. The Company’s permit was first issued in 1998 and has since been renewed through February 1, 2018. The permit renewal process occurs every five years, and the renewal process is underway; however, the existing permit is extended by administrative rule until the current renewal process is finalized.
Summary - Environmental Contingencies
With respect to environmental contingencies other than the Portland Harbor Superfund site and legacy environmental loss contingencies,the Other Legacy Environmental Loss Contingencies, which are discussed separately above, management currently believes that adequate provision has been made for the potential impact of these issues and that the ultimate outcomes will not have a material adverse effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company as a whole.its environmental contingencies. Historically, the amounts the Company has ultimately paid for such remediation activities have not been material in any given period.
Contingencies - Other
Schnitzer Southeast, LLC (a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, “SSE”), an SSE employee, the Company and one of the Company’s insurance carriers had been named as defendants in 5 separate wrongful death lawsuits filed in the State of Georgia arising from an accident in 2016 in Alabama involving a tractor trailer driven by the SSE employee and owned by SSE. In fiscal 2019, the Company settled 3 of the five lawsuits for a total of $35 million. Subsequent to the Company’s fiscal 2019 year end, it settled the 2 remaining lawsuits for a total of $68 million. The aggregate settlement amount of $103 million was substantially covered by insurance, resulting in no net impact to the Company’s consolidated results of operations. As of August 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had accrued loss contingencies and offsetting insurance receivables related to the lawsuits totaling $83 million and $30 million, respectively. The full amount accrued as of August 31, 2019 was paid in the first quarter of fiscal 2020.
In addition to legal proceedings relating to the contingencies described above, the Company is a party to various legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. The Company recognizes a liability for such matters when the loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. Legal proceedings include those arising from accidents involving Company-owned vehicles, including Company tractor trailers. In some instances, such accidents and the related litigation involve accidents that have resulted in third party fatalities. It is reasonably possible that the Company may recognize additional losses in connection with such lawsuits at the time such losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Such losses may be material to the Company's consolidated financial statements. The Company believes that such losses, if incurred, will be substantially covered by existing insurance coverage. The Company does not anticipate that the resolution of such legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business, after taking into consideration expected insurance recoveries, will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
73 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| All Other Plans | Q2’15 Plan | Total Charges | All Other Plans | Q2’15 Plan | Total Charges | All Other Plans | Q2’15 Plan | Total Charges | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Severance costs | $ | — | $ | (24 | ) | $ | (24 | ) | $ | — | $ | 4,915 | $ | 4,915 | $ | 391 | $ | 5,330 | $ | 5,721 | |||||||||||||||
| Contract termination costs | 255 | 139 | 394 | 311 | 796 | 1,107 | 377 | 1,245 | 1,622 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other restructuring costs | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,223 | 2,048 | 3,271 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total restructuring charges | 255 | 115 | 370 | 311 | 5,711 | 6,022 | 1,991 | 8,623 | 10,614 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other exit-related activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset impairments and accelerated depreciation | — | 158 | 158 | — | 3,127 | 3,127 | — | 6,502 | 6,502 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gains on exit-related disposals | — | (565 | ) | (565 | ) | — | (1,337 | ) | (1,337 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other exit-related activities | — | (407 | ) | (407 | ) | — | 1,790 | 1,790 | — | 6,502 | 6,502 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total restructuring charges and other exit-related activities | $ | 255 | $ | (292 | ) | $ | (37 | ) | $ | 311 | $ | 7,501 | $ | 7,812 | $ | 1,991 | $ | 15,125 | $ | 17,116 | |||||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities included in continuing operations | $ | (109 | ) | $ | 6,781 | $ | 13,008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities included in discontinued operations | $ | 72 | $ | 1,031 | $ | 4,108 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Q2’15 Plan | |||
| Total restructuring charges to date | $ | 14,449 | |
| Total expected restructuring charges | $ | 14,480 | |
| Q2’15 Plan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance 8/31/2015 | Charges | Payments and Other | Balance 8/31/2016 | Charges | Payments and Other | Balance 8/31/2017 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Severance costs | $ | 1,226 | $ | 4,915 | $ | (5,223 | ) | $ | 918 | $ | (24 | ) | $ | (859 | ) | $ | 35 | ||||||||||
| Contract termination costs | 1,320 | 796 | (957 | ) | 1,159 | 139 | (409 | ) | 889 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other restructuring costs | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 2,546 | $ | 5,711 | $ | (6,180 | ) | $ | 2,077 | $ | 115 | $ | (1,268 | ) | $ | 924 | |||||||||||
Total Charges to Date(1) | Total Expected Charges(1) | ||||||
| Severance costs | $ | 10,251 | $ | 10,251 | |||
| Contract termination costs | 2,149 | 2,180 | |||||
| Other restructuring costs | 2,049 | 2,049 | |||||
| Total | $ | 14,449 | $ | 14,480 | |||
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
| Fiscal 2017 Charges | Fiscal 2016 Charges | Fiscal 2015 Charges | Total Charges to Date(2) | Total Expected Charges(2) | |||||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges: | |||||||||||||||||||
AMR and CSS(1) | $ | 250 | $ | 4,995 | $ | 6,944 | $ | 9,488 | $ | 9,504 | |||||||||
| Unallocated (Corporate) | 48 | 943 | 2,228 | 3,226 | 3,226 | ||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | 72 | 84 | 1,442 | 1,735 | 1,750 | ||||||||||||||
| Total restructuring charges | 370 | 6,022 | 10,614 | 14,449 | $ | 14,480 | |||||||||||||
| Other exit-related activities: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Asset impairments and accelerated depreciation: | |||||||||||||||||||
| AMR | 158 | 2,180 | 3,836 | 4,272 | |||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | — | 947 | 2,666 | 3,613 | |||||||||||||||
| Total asset impairments and accelerated depreciation | 158 | 3,127 | 6,502 | 7,885 | |||||||||||||||
| Gains on exit-related disposals: | |||||||||||||||||||
| AMR | (565 | ) | (1,337 | ) | — | (1,902 | ) | ||||||||||||
| Total gains on exit-related disposals | (565 | ) | (1,337 | ) | — | (1,902 | ) | ||||||||||||
| Total exit-related activities | (407 | ) | 1,790 | 6,502 | 5,983 | ||||||||||||||
| Total restructuring charges and other exit-related activities | $ | (37 | ) | $ | 7,812 | $ | 17,116 | $ | 20,432 | ||||||||||
Note 11
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, are as follows as of August 31, 2017, 20162019, 2018 and 20152017 (in thousands):
|
| Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments |
|
| Pension Obligations, net |
|
| Total |
| |||
Balance as of September 1, 2016 |
| $ | (34,539 | ) |
| $ | (5,576 | ) |
| $ | (40,115 | ) |
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications |
|
| 2,711 |
|
|
| 1,477 |
|
|
| 4,188 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
| — |
|
|
| (194 | ) |
|
| (194 | ) |
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax |
|
| 2,711 |
|
|
| 1,283 |
|
|
| 3,994 |
|
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
| — |
|
|
| 851 |
|
|
| 851 |
|
Income tax benefit |
|
| — |
|
|
| (23 | ) |
|
| (23 | ) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
|
| — |
|
|
| 828 |
|
|
| 828 |
|
Net periodic other comprehensive income |
|
| 2,711 |
|
|
| 2,111 |
|
|
| 4,822 |
|
Balance as of August 31, 2017 |
|
| (31,828 | ) |
|
| (3,465 | ) |
|
| (35,293 | ) |
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications |
|
| (2,301 | ) |
|
| 64 |
|
|
| (2,237 | ) |
Income tax benefit |
|
| — |
|
|
| 172 |
|
|
| 172 |
|
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications, net of tax |
|
| (2,301 | ) |
|
| 236 |
|
|
| (2,065 | ) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
| — |
|
|
| 536 |
|
|
| 536 |
|
Income tax benefit |
|
| — |
|
|
| (415 | ) |
|
| (415 | ) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
|
| — |
|
|
| 121 |
|
|
| 121 |
|
Net periodic other comprehensive (loss) income |
|
| (2,301 | ) |
|
| 357 |
|
|
| (1,944 | ) |
Balance as of August 31, 2018 |
|
| (34,129 | ) |
|
| (3,108 | ) |
|
| (37,237 | ) |
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications |
|
| (1,560 | ) |
|
| (326 | ) |
|
| (1,886 | ) |
Income tax benefit |
|
| — |
|
|
| 65 |
|
|
| 65 |
|
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of tax |
|
| (1,560 | ) |
|
| (261 | ) |
|
| (1,821 | ) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
| — |
|
|
| 369 |
|
|
| 369 |
|
Income tax benefit |
|
| — |
|
|
| (74 | ) |
|
| (74 | ) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
|
| — |
|
|
| 295 |
|
|
| 295 |
|
Net periodic other comprehensive (loss) income |
|
| (1,560 | ) |
|
| 34 |
|
|
| (1,526 | ) |
Balance as of August 31, 2019 |
| $ | (35,689 | ) |
| $ | (3,074 | ) |
| $ | (38,763 | ) |
| Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments | Pension Obligations, net | Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges | Total | ||||||||||||
| Balance as of August 31, 2014 | $ | (10,663 | ) | $ | (2,036 | ) | $ | 58 | $ | (12,641 | ) | ||||
| Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications | (23,346 | ) | (2,874 | ) | (5,310 | ) | (31,530 | ) | |||||||
| Income tax benefit | — | 260 | 428 | 688 | |||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of tax | (23,346 | ) | (2,614 | ) | (4,882 | ) | (30,842 | ) | |||||||
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss | — | 575 | 4,923 | 5,498 | |||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | — | (198 | ) | (339 | ) | (537 | ) | ||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — | 377 | 4,584 | 4,961 | |||||||||||
| Net periodic other comprehensive loss | (23,346 | ) | (2,237 | ) | (298 | ) | (25,881 | ) | |||||||
| Balance as of August 31, 2015 | (34,009 | ) | (4,273 | ) | (240 | ) | (38,522 | ) | |||||||
| Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications | (530 | ) | (2,139 | ) | — | (2,669 | ) | ||||||||
| Income tax benefit | — | 167 | — | 167 | |||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of tax | (530 | ) | (1,972 | ) | — | (2,502 | ) | ||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss | — | 688 | 312 | 1,000 | |||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | — | (19 | ) | (72 | ) | (91 | ) | ||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — | 669 | 240 | 909 | |||||||||||
| Net periodic other comprehensive income (loss) | (530 | ) | (1,303 | ) | 240 | (1,593 | ) | ||||||||
| Balance as of August 31, 2016 | (34,539 | ) | (5,576 | ) | — | (40,115 | ) | ||||||||
| Other comprehensive income before reclassifications | 2,711 | 1,477 | — | 4,188 | |||||||||||
| Income tax expense | — | (194 | ) | — | (194 | ) | |||||||||
| Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax | 2,711 | 1,283 | — | 3,994 | |||||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss | — | 851 | — | 851 | |||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | — | (23 | ) | — | (23 | ) | |||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — | 828 | — | 828 | |||||||||||
| Net periodic other comprehensive income | 2,711 | 2,111 | — | 4,822 | |||||||||||
| Balance as of August 31, 2017 | $ | (31,828 | ) | $ | (3,465 | ) | $ | — | $ | (35,293 | ) | ||||
In the second quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company adopted an accounting standard update that allowed for a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss, income (AOCI) to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”) enacted on December 22, 2017. Reclassifications from AOCI to retained earnings for stranded tax effects during the year ended August 31, 2018, both individually and in the aggregate, were immaterialnot material.
Reclassifications from AOCI to earnings, both individually and in the aggregate, were not material to the impacted captions in the Consolidated Statements of OperationsIncome in all periods presented.
74 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Note 12
Disaggregation of Revenues
The table below illustrates the Company’s revenues disaggregated by major product and sales destination for each reportable segment (in thousands):
|
| Year Ended August 31, 2019 |
| |||||||||||||
|
| AMR |
|
| CSS |
|
| Intercompany Revenue Eliminations |
|
| Total |
| ||||
Major product information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ferrous revenues |
| $ | 1,123,180 |
|
| $ | 51,963 |
|
| $ | (10,424 | ) |
| $ | 1,164,719 |
|
Nonferrous revenues |
|
| 430,361 |
|
|
| 38,809 |
|
|
| (1,147 | ) |
|
| 468,023 |
|
Steel revenues(1) |
|
| — |
|
|
| 367,956 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 367,956 |
|
Retail and other revenues |
|
| 131,436 |
|
|
| 688 |
|
|
| (41 | ) |
|
| 132,083 |
|
Total revenues |
| $ | 1,684,977 |
|
| $ | 459,416 |
|
| $ | (11,612 | ) |
| $ | 2,132,781 |
|
Revenues based on sales destination: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign |
| $ | 1,047,546 |
|
| $ | 93,531 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 1,141,077 |
|
Domestic |
|
| 637,431 |
|
|
| 365,885 |
|
|
| (11,612 | ) |
|
| 991,704 |
|
Total revenues |
| $ | 1,684,977 |
|
| $ | 459,416 |
|
| $ | (11,612 | ) |
| $ | 2,132,781 |
|
(1) | Steel revenues include primarily sales of finished steel products, semi-finished goods (billets) and manufacturing scrap. |
Receivables from Contracts with Customers
The revenue accounting standard defines a receivable as an entity’s right to foreign exchange rate risk,consideration that is unconditional, meaning that only the passage of time is required before payment is due. As of August 31, 2019 and August 31, 2018, receivables from contracts with customers, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, totaled $142 millionand $164 million representing 97% of total accounts receivable reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Contract Liabilities
Contract consideration received from a customer prior to revenue recognition is recorded as a contract liability and is recognized as revenue when the Company has entered into foreign currency forward contracts to stabilizesatisfies the U.S. dollar amountrelated performance obligation under the terms of the transaction at settlement. Prior to fiscal 2016,contract. The Company’s contract liabilities consist almost entirely of customer deposits for recycled scrap metal sales contracts, which are reported within accounts payable on the Company entered into a series of foreign currency exchange forward contracts to sell U.S. dollars in order to hedge a portion of its exposure to fluctuating rates of exchange on anticipated U.S. dollar-denominated sales by its Canadian subsidiary with a functional currency of the Canadian dollar. The Company did not have any foreign currency exchange forward contractsConsolidated Balance Sheets and totaled $3 millionand $9 million as of August 31, 20172019 and 2016,August 31, 2018, respectively. Unsatisfied performance obligations reflected in these contract liabilities relate to contracts with original expected durations of one year or less and, therefore, are not disclosed. During the results of contracts that expired during fiscal 2016 were immaterial. Accordingly, the results of foreign currency exchange forward contracts for fiscal 2017 and 2016 are excluded from the tabular disclosures below.
| Derivative Gain (Loss) Recognized in | |||||||||||
| Fiscal 2015 | |||||||||||
| Other Comprehensive Income | Revenues - Effective Portion | Other Income (Expense), net | |||||||||
| Foreign currency exchange forward contracts - designated as cash flow hedges | $ | (5,310 | ) | $ | (4,923 | ) | $ | 216 | |||
| Foreign currency exchange forward contracts - not designated as cash flow hedges | — | — | (87 | ) | |||||||
Note 13
The Company and certain of its subsidiaries have or contribute to qualified and nonqualified retirement plans covering substantially all employees. These plans include a defined benefit pension plan, a supplemental executive retirement benefit plan (“SERBP”), multiemployer pension plans and defined contribution plans.
75 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Defined Benefit Pension Plan and Supplemental Executive Retirement Benefit Plan
The Company maintains a qualified defined benefit pension plan for certain nonunion employees. Effective June 30, 2006, the Company froze this plan and ceased accruing further benefits for employee service. The Company reflects the funded status of the defined benefit pension plan as a net asset or liability in its Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in its funded status are recognized in comprehensive income (loss).income. The Company amortizes as a component of net periodic pension benefit cost a portion of the net gain or loss reported within accumulated other comprehensive loss if the beginning-of-year net gain or loss exceeds 5% of the greater of the benefit obligation or the market value of plan assets. Net periodic pension benefit cost was not material for the years ended
The Company also has a nonqualified SERBP for certain executives. A restricted trust fund has been established with assets invested in life insurance policies that can be used for plan benefits, although the fund is subject to claims of the Company’s general creditors. The trust fund is included in other assets, the current portion of the pension liability is included in other accrued liabilities, and the noncurrent portion of the pension liability is included in other long-term liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The trust fund was valued at $3$4 million as of August 31, 20172019 and 2016.2018. The trust fund assets’ gains and losses are included in other income, net in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.Income. The benefit obligation and the unfunded amount were $5 million as of August 31, 2019 and $4 million as of August 31, 2017 and 2016.2018. Net periodic pension cost under the SERBP was not material for the years ended
Because the defined benefit pension plan and the SERBP are not material to the Consolidated Financial Statements, other disclosures required by U.S. GAAP have been omitted.
Multiemployer Pension Plans
The Company contributes to 14 multiemployer pension plans in accordance with its collective bargaining agreements. Multiemployer pension plans are defined benefit plans sponsored by multiple employers in accordance with one or more collective bargaining agreements. The plans are jointly managed by trustees that include representatives from both management and labor unions. Contributions to the plans are made based upon a fixed rate per hour worked and are agreed to by contributing employers and the unions in collective bargaining. Benefit levels are set by a joint board of trustees based on the advice of an independent actuary regarding the level of benefits that agreed-upon contributions can be expected to support. To the extent that the pension obligation of other participating employers is unfunded, the Company may be required to make additional contributions in the future to fund these obligations.
One of the multiemployer plans that the Company contributes to is the Steelworkers Western Independent Shops Pension Plan (“WISPP”,WISPP,” EIN 90-0169564, Plan No. 001) benefiting the union employees of the Company'sCompany’s steel manufacturing operations, which are covered by a collective bargaining agreement that will expire on March 31, 2019.2022. As of October 1, 2016,2018, the WISPP was certified by the plan’s actuaries as being in the Green Zone, as defined by the Pension Protection Act of 2006. The Company contributed $3 million to the WISPP for each of the years ended August 31, 2017, 20162019, 2018 and 2015.2017. These contributions represented more than 5% of total contributions to the WISPP for each year.
In 2004, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) approved a seven-year extension of the period over which the WISPP may amortize unfunded liabilities, conditioned upon maintenance of certain minimum funding levels. In 2014, the WISPP obtained relief from the specified funding requirements from the IRS, which requires that the WISPP meet a minimum funded percentage on each valuation date and achieve a funded percentage of 100% as of October 1, 2029. Based on the most recent actuarial valuation for the WISPP, as of October 1, 2016, the funded percentage (based on the ratio of the market value of assets to the accumulated benefits liability (present value of accrued benefits) using the valuation method prescribed by the IRS) was 76.4%, which satisfiesIRS satisfied the minimum funded percentage requirements of the IRS.
Company contributions to all of the multiemployer plans were $6 million, $5 million and $4 million for the years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, 2016 and 2015.respectively.
76 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Defined Contribution Plans
The Company has several defined contribution plans covering certain employees. Company contributions to the defined contribution plans totaled $4 million, $4 million and $3 million for each of the years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, 2016 and 2015.
Note 14
The Company’s 1993 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended, (“the Plan”(the “Plan”) was established to provide for the grant of stock-based compensation awards to its employees, consultants and directors. The Plan authorizes the grant of restricted shares, restricted stock units, performance-based awards including performance share awards, stock options, stock appreciation rights and other stock-based awards. The Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (“Compensation Committee”). There are 12.2 million shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under the Plan, of which 4.33.4 million are available for future grants as of August 31, 2017.2019. Share-based compensation expense recognized in cost of goods sold or selling, general and administrative expense, as applicable, was $11$17 million $10, $19 million and $10$11 million for the years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Restricted Stock Units
During the issuanceyears ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Compensation Committee granted 261,642, 252,865 and 314,862 RSUs, respectively, to the Company’s key employees and employee directors under the Plan. RSUs generally vest 20% per year over five years commencing October 31 of RSUs. the year after grant. Each RSU entitles the recipient to receive 1 share of Class A common stock upon vesting.
The estimated fair value of the RSUsan RSU is based on the market closing price of the underlying Class A common stock on the date of grant. The weighted average grant date fair value of RSUs granted was $27.61, $26.60 and $20.95 per unit for the years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The total estimated fair value of RSUs granted during each of the years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $7 million. RSU compensation expense associated with RSUs is recognized over the respective requisite service period of the awards,award, net of estimated forfeitures.
Number of Shares (in thousands) | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | Fair Value(1) | ||||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2014 | 389 | $ | 33.97 | |||||||
| Granted | 287 | $ | 22.58 | |||||||
| Vested | (151 | ) | $ | 35.96 | $ | 20.34 | ||||
| Forfeited | (40 | ) | $ | 26.59 | ||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2015 | 485 | $ | 27.21 | |||||||
| Granted | 409 | $ | 18.28 | |||||||
| Vested | (145 | ) | $ | 30.86 | $ | 16.36 | ||||
| Forfeited | (14 | ) | $ | 22.61 | ||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2016 | 735 | $ | 21.59 | |||||||
| Granted | 315 | $ | 20.95 | |||||||
| Vested | (218 | ) | $ | 22.94 | $ | 23.50 | ||||
| Forfeited | — | $ | 23.55 | |||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2017 | 832 | $ | 21.00 | |||||||
A summary of the Company’s RSU activity for the year ended August 31, 2019 is as follows:
|
| Number of Units (in thousands) |
|
| Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
| ||
Outstanding as of August 31, 2018 |
|
| 812 |
|
| $ | 22.59 |
|
Granted |
|
| 262 |
|
| $ | 27.61 |
|
Vested |
|
| (257 | ) |
| $ | 22.75 |
|
Forfeited |
|
| (19 | ) |
| $ | 24.23 |
|
Outstanding as of August 31, 2019 |
|
| 798 |
|
| $ | 24.14 |
|
The total fair value of RSUs which vested, based on the market closing price of the underlying Class A common stock on the vesting date, was $7 million, $8 million and 2015,$5 million for the years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of August 31, 2017,2019, total unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested RSUs amounted to $7$6 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.5 years.
Performance Share Awards
The Plan authorizes performance-based awards to certain employees subject to certain conditions and restrictions. Vesting is subject to both the continued employment of the participant with the Company and the achievement of certain performance goals established by the Compensation Committee. A participant generally must be employed by the Company on October 31 following the end of the performance period to receive an award payout, althoughpayout. However, adjusted awards will be paid if employment terminates earlier on account of a qualifying employment termination event such as death, disability, retirement, termination without cause after the first year of the performance period or a sale of the Company or the reportable segments for which the participant works. Awards will be paid in Class A common stock as soon as practicable after October 31 following the end of the performance period.
77 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
The Compensation Committee determined that performance share awards granted in fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017 comprise two separate and distinct awards with different vesting conditions. Awards vest if thethresholdlevel under the specified metric is met at the end of Contents SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.the approximately three-year performance period. For awards granted in fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, the performance metrics were the Company’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to a designated peer group of 16 companiesand the Company’s return on capital employed (“ROCE"). For awards granted in fiscal 2017, the metrics were TSR and the Company’s cash flow return on investment (“CFROI”). In fiscal 2017 only, performance share awards were granted in 2 stages, the first granted in November 2016 and second granted in April 2017, with a three-year and 2.5-year performance period, respectively. Awards share payouts depend on the extent to which the performance goals have been achieved. The number of shares that a participant receives is equal to the award granted multiplied by a payout factor, which ranges from a threshold of 50% to a maximum of 200%. The TSR award stipulates certain limitations to the payout in the event the payout reaches a defined ceiling level or the Company’s TSR is negative.
The Company estimates the fair value of TSR awards using a Monte-Carlo simulation model utilizing several key assumptions, including the following for TSR awards granted during the fiscal years ended August 31:
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 | ||
Expected share price volatility (SSI) |
|
| 42.5 | % |
|
| 44.3 | % |
| 40.9 - 43.3% |
Expected share price volatility (Peer group) |
|
| 51.4 | % |
|
| 55.4 | % |
| 52.3 - 55.1% |
Expected correlation to peer group companies |
|
| 35.6 | % |
|
| 35.4 | % |
| 36.2 - 36.5% |
Risk-free rate of return |
|
| 2.89 | % |
|
| 1.79 | % |
| 1.11 - 1.31% |
The compensation expense for the TSR awards based on the grant-date fair value, net of estimated forfeitures, is recognized over the requisite service period (or to the date a qualifying employment termination event entitles the recipient to a prorated award, if before the end of the service period), regardless of whether the market condition has been or will be satisfied. Compensation expense for TSR awards was $4 million, $3 million and $2 million for the years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
The fair value of the ROCE and CFROI awards granted is based on the market closing price of the underlying Class A common stock on the grant date. The Company accrues compensation cost for performance shareROCE and CFROI awards based on the probable outcome of achieving specified performance conditions, net of estimated forfeitures. The Company accrues compensation costforfeitures, over the requisite service period (or to the date a qualifying employment termination event entitles the recipient to a prorated award, if it is probable thatbefore the performance conditions will be achieved.end of the service period). The Company reassesses whether achievement of the ROCE and CFROI performance conditions areis probable at each reporting date.If it is probable that the actual performance results will exceed the stated target performance conditions, the Company accrues additional compensation cost for the additional performance shares to be awarded. If, upon reassessment, it is no longer probable that the actual performance results will exceed the stated target performance conditions, or that it is no longer probable that the target performance conditionconditions will be achieved, the Company reverses any recognized compensation cost for shares no longer probable of being issued. If the performance conditions are not achieved at the end of the service period, all related compensation cost previously recognized is reversed.
During the Company's EBITDA (weighted at 50%)years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and return on equity (weighted at 50%) for the two years of the performance period, with award payouts ranging from a threshold of 50% to a maximum of 200% for each portion of the awards.
A summary of two separate and distinctthe Company’s performance-based awards with different vesting conditions.activity for the year ended August 31, 2019 is as follows:
|
| Number of Awards (in thousands) |
|
| Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
| ||
Outstanding as of August 31, 2018 |
|
| 880 |
|
| $ | 22.09 |
|
Granted |
|
| 255 |
|
| $ | 28.37 |
|
Performance achievement(1) |
|
| 170 |
|
| $ | 18.54 |
|
Vested |
|
| (500 | ) |
| $ | 18.78 |
|
Forfeited |
|
| (32 | ) |
| $ | 22.75 |
|
Outstanding as of August 31, 2019 |
|
| 773 |
|
| $ | 25.49 |
|
(1) | Reflects the net number of awards achieved above target levels based on actual performance measured at the end of the performance period. |
78 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
The total fair value of performance share awards based on a relative Total Shareholder Return ("TSR") metric over a performance period spanning November 9, 2015 to August 31, 2018. Award share payouts range from a threshold of 50% to a maximum of 200% based on the relative ranking of the Company's TSR among a designated peer group of 16 companies. The TSR award stipulates certain limitations to the payout in the event the payout reaches a defined ceiling level or the Company's TSR is negative. The TSR awards contain a market condition and, therefore, once the award recipients complete the requisite service period, the related compensation expense based on the grant-date fair value is not changed, regardless of whether the market condition has been satisfied. The estimated fair value of the TSR awards at the date of grant was $2 million. The Company estimated the fair value of the TSR awards using a Monte-Carlo simulation model utilizing several key assumptions including expected Company and peer company share price volatility, correlation coefficients between peers, the risk-free rate of return, the expected dividend yield and other award design features.
Number of Shares (in thousands) | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | Fair Value(1) | ||||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2014 | 623 | $ | 27.93 | |||||||
| Granted | 269 | $ | 24.02 | |||||||
| Vested | (98 | ) | $ | 26.27 | $ | 23.60 | ||||
| Forfeited | (159 | ) | $ | 26.36 | ||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2015 | 635 | $ | 26.92 | |||||||
| Granted | 364 | $ | 19.19 | |||||||
| Vested | (194 | ) | $ | 28.82 | $ | 16.86 | ||||
| Forfeited | (210 | ) | $ | 28.48 | ||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2016 | 595 | $ | 21.02 | |||||||
| Granted | 302 | $ | 21.52 | |||||||
| Vested | (163 | ) | $ | 24.02 | $ | 24.15 | ||||
| Forfeited | (83 | ) | $ | 24.02 | ||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2017 | 651 | $ | 20.12 | |||||||
Deferred Stock Units
The Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (“DSU Plan”) provides for the issuance of DSUs to non-employee directors to be granted under the DSU Plan. Each DSU gives the director the right to receive one1 share of Class A common stock at a future date. Immediately following the annual meeting of shareholders, each non-employee director will receive DSUs which will become fully vested on the day before the next annual meeting, subject to continued service on the Board. The compensation expense associated with the DSUs granted is recognized over the respective requisite service period of the awards.
The Company will issue Class A common stock to a director pursuant to vested DSUs in a lump sum in January of the first year after the director ceases to be a director of the Company, subject to the right of the director to elect an installment payment program under the DSU Plan.
DSUs granted during the years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 2016 and 2015 totaled 42,771 31,218 shares, 57,78021,806 shares and 48,59042,771 shares, respectively. The compensation expense associated with DSUs and the total value of shares vested during each of the years ended August 31, 2017, 20162019, 2018 and 2015,2017, as well as the unrecognized compensation expense as of August 31, 2017, 2019, were not material.
Options (in thousands) | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)(1) | |||||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2014 | 526 | $ | 32.25 | 2.2 | $ | 335 | ||||||
| Granted | — | $ | — | |||||||||
| Exercised | — | $ | — | |||||||||
| Canceled | (122 | ) | $ | 24.95 | ||||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2015 | 404 | $ | 34.46 | 1.3 | $ | — | ||||||
| Granted | — | $ | — | |||||||||
| Exercised | — | $ | — | |||||||||
| Canceled | (182 | ) | $ | 34.11 | ||||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2016 | 222 | $ | 34.75 | 1.0 | $ | — | ||||||
| Granted | — | $ | — | |||||||||
| Exercised | — | $ | — | |||||||||
| Canceled | (222 | ) | $ | 34.75 | ||||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2017 | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||
Note 15
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes was as follows for the years ended August 31 (in thousands):
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| |||
United States |
| $ | 69,476 |
|
| $ | 131,518 |
|
| $ | 43,871 |
|
Foreign |
|
| 6,764 |
|
|
| 10,335 |
|
|
| 4,819 |
|
Total |
| $ | 76,240 |
|
| $ | 141,853 |
|
| $ | 48,690 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| United States | $ | 43,871 | $ | (4,303 | ) | $ | (113,084 | ) | |||
| Foreign | 4,819 | (11,202 | ) | (87,380 | ) | ||||||
| Total | $ | 48,690 | $ | (15,505 | ) | $ | (200,464 | ) | |||
Income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations consisted of the following for the years ended August 31 (in thousands):
|
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| ||
Current: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal |
| $ | 2,690 |
|
| $ | 19,511 |
|
| $ | (1,130 | ) |
State |
|
| 315 |
|
|
| 894 |
|
|
| 190 |
|
Foreign |
|
| 52 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (16 | ) |
Total current tax expense (benefit) |
|
| 3,057 |
|
|
| 20,405 |
|
|
| (956 | ) |
Deferred: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal |
|
| 12,930 |
|
|
| (5,700 | ) |
|
| 2,046 |
|
State |
|
| 794 |
|
|
| (1,962 | ) |
|
| 232 |
|
Foreign |
|
| 889 |
|
|
| (30,333 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Total deferred tax expense (benefit) |
|
| 14,613 |
|
|
| (37,995 | ) |
|
| 2,278 |
|
Total income tax expense (benefit) |
| $ | 17,670 |
|
| $ | (17,590 | ) |
| $ | 1,322 |
|
79 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Current: | |||||||||||
| Federal | $ | (1,130 | ) | $ | 23 | $ | (11,275 | ) | |||
| State | 190 | 180 | (84 | ) | |||||||
| Foreign | (16 | ) | 25 | 732 | |||||||
| Total current tax expense (benefit) | $ | (956 | ) | $ | 228 | $ | (10,627 | ) | |||
| Deferred: | |||||||||||
| Federal | $ | 2,046 | $ | 502 | $ | (4,752 | ) | ||||
| State | 232 | 54 | 2,805 | ||||||||
| Foreign | — | (49 | ) | (41 | ) | ||||||
| Total deferred tax expense (benefit) | 2,278 | 507 | (1,988 | ) | |||||||
| Total income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 1,322 | $ | 735 | $ | (12,615 | ) | ||||
A reconciliation of the difference between the federal statutory rate and the Company’s effective tax rate for the years ended August 31 is as follows:
|
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
|
| 2017 |
|
Federal statutory rate |
|
| 21.0 | % |
|
| 25.7 | % |
|
| 35.0 | % |
State taxes, net of credits |
|
| 1.2 |
|
|
| 0.4 |
|
|
| 1.8 |
|
Foreign income taxed at different rates |
|
| (0.2 | ) |
|
| (0.5 | ) |
|
| (1.9 | ) |
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets |
|
| (0.2 | ) |
|
| (35.8 | ) |
|
| (31.2 | ) |
Federal rate change |
|
| — |
|
|
| (4.9 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Non-deductible officers’ compensation |
|
| 1.8 |
|
|
| 1.6 |
|
|
| 2.2 |
|
Noncontrolling interests |
|
| (0.5 | ) |
|
| (0.6 | ) |
|
| (1.8 | ) |
Research and development credits |
|
| (0.5 | ) |
|
| (0.6 | ) |
|
| (1.5 | ) |
Tax return to provision adjustment |
|
| 0.5 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Unrecognized tax benefits |
|
| 0.7 |
|
|
| 3.4 |
|
|
| 1.3 |
|
Realized foreign investment basis |
|
| (0.4 | ) |
|
| (0.2 | ) |
|
| (0.9 | ) |
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation |
|
| (1.2 | ) |
|
| (0.3 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Other |
|
| 1.0 |
|
|
| (0.6 | ) |
|
| (0.3 | ) |
Effective tax rate |
|
| 23.2 | % |
|
| (12.4 | )% |
|
| 2.7 | % |
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||
| Federal statutory rate | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | ||
| State taxes, net of credits | 1.8 | 1.3 | 1.1 | |||||
| Foreign income taxed at different rates | (1.9 | ) | (12.0 | ) | (7.7 | ) | ||
| Non-deductible officers’ compensation | 2.2 | (2.0 | ) | (0.1 | ) | |||
| Noncontrolling interests | (1.8 | ) | 4.1 | 0.3 | ||||
| Research and development credits | (1.5 | ) | 2.4 | 0.3 | ||||
| Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets | (31.2 | ) | (59.0 | ) | (25.2 | ) | ||
| Unrecognized tax benefits | 1.3 | (3.6 | ) | (0.6 | ) | |||
| Non-deductible goodwill | — | (0.9 | ) | (2.5 | ) | |||
| Realized foreign investment basis | (0.9 | ) | 29.4 | 6.3 | ||||
| Other | (0.3 | ) | 0.6 | (0.6 | ) | |||
| Effective tax rate | 2.7 | % | (4.7 | )% | 6.3 | % | ||
On December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed and enacted into law comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”), which, except for certain provisions, is effective for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018. The Company'sTax Act’s primary change is a reduction in the federal statutory corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, resulting in a pro rata reduction for the Company from 35% to 25.7% for fiscal 2018 and a full reduction to 21% for fiscal 2019. As a change in tax law is accounted for in the period of enactment, the Company recognized a discrete benefit of $7 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 due to the revaluation of U.S. net deferred tax liabilities to reflect the lower statutory rate. The Company’s effective tax rate in fiscal 2018 also reflected application of the Tax Act’s lower federal statutory corporate tax rate to fiscal 2018 taxable income. Other pertinent changes in the Tax Act include, but are not limited to, the acceleration of deductions for qualified property placed in service after September 27, 2017, limitations to the deductibility of some executive compensation, and the elimination of the deduction for qualified domestic production activities. Changes in the Tax Act that did not significantly impact the Company upon enactment include implementation of a modified territorial tax system and other modifications to how foreign earnings are subject to U.S. tax, including a tax on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income which the Company has elected to treat as period costs if and when incurred. The Company’s accounting for the impacts of the Tax Act was complete as of November 30, 2018. The Company did not record any material adjustments to the provisional amounts recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 related to the Tax Act.
Effective Tax Rate
The Company’s effective tax rate from continuing operations in fiscal 2019 was an expense of23.2%, compared to a benefit of 12.4% in the prior year. The Company reported a tax benefit on pre-tax income for fiscal 2018 primarily due to the release of valuation allowances against certain deferred tax assets, resulting in recognition of discrete tax benefits totaling $37 million in fiscal 2018, and the impact of the Tax Act.
The Company’s effective tax rate from continuing operations in fiscal 2017 was an expense of 2.7%, which was lower than the U.S. federal statutory corporate rate at the time of 35% primarily due to the Company'sCompany’s full valuation allowance positions and federal income tax refund claims, partially offset by increases in deferred tax liabilities from indefinite-lived assets in all jurisdictions. The valuation allowances on the Company's deferred tax assets are the result of negative objective evidence, including the effects of historical losses in our tax jurisdictions, outweighing positive objective and subjective evidence, indicating that it is more likely than not that the associated tax benefit will not be realized.
80 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Deferred tax assets and liabilities were comprised of the following as of August 31 (in thousands):
|
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortizable goodwill and other intangibles |
| $ | 22,646 |
|
| $ | 27,433 |
|
State credit carryforwards |
|
| 8,202 |
|
|
| 8,243 |
|
Environmental liabilities |
|
| 7,164 |
|
|
| 7,853 |
|
Net operating loss carryforwards |
|
| 7,122 |
|
|
| 7,206 |
|
Employee benefit accruals |
|
| 6,289 |
|
|
| 10,677 |
|
Inventory valuation methods |
|
| 1,748 |
|
|
| 944 |
|
Other |
|
| 6,405 |
|
|
| 6,320 |
|
Valuation allowances |
|
| (16,436 | ) |
|
| (16,484 | ) |
Total deferred tax assets |
|
| 43,140 |
|
|
| 52,192 |
|
Deferred tax liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accelerated depreciation and other basis differences |
|
| 37,493 |
|
|
| 31,622 |
|
Prepaid expense acceleration |
|
| 2,263 |
|
|
| 1,979 |
|
Total deferred tax liabilities |
|
| 39,756 |
|
|
| 33,601 |
|
Net deferred tax asset |
| $ | 3,384 |
|
| $ | 18,591 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | ||||||
| Deferred tax assets: | |||||||
| Environmental liabilities | $ | 11,187 | $ | 11,048 | |||
| Employee benefit accruals | 13,692 | 12,620 | |||||
| State income tax and other | 7,608 | 8,518 | |||||
| Net operating loss carryforwards | 9,243 | 19,723 | |||||
| State credit carryforwards | 6,678 | 6,352 | |||||
| Inventory valuation methods | 690 | — | |||||
| Amortizable goodwill and other intangibles | 41,793 | 47,023 | |||||
| Valuation allowances | (70,374 | ) | (86,917 | ) | |||
| Total deferred tax assets | $ | 20,517 | $ | 18,367 | |||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | |||||||
| Accelerated depreciation and other basis differences | $ | 37,096 | $ | 32,528 | |||
| Prepaid expense acceleration | 2,568 | 2,402 | |||||
| Inventory valuation methods | — | 119 | |||||
| Total deferred tax liabilities | 39,664 | 35,049 | |||||
| Net deferred tax liability | $ | 19,147 | $ | 16,682 | |||
As of August 31, 2017, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards of $12 million, which will expire if not used by 2036. Foreign2019, foreign operating loss carryforwards were $27$16 million, which expire if not used between 2024 and 2037.2039. State credit carryforwards will expire if not used between 2019 and 2032.
Valuation Allowances
The Company assesses the realizability of its deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis through an analysis of potential sources of future taxable income, including prior year taxable income available to absorb a carryback of tax losses, reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, tax planning strategies, and forecasts of taxable income. The Company considers all negative and positive evidence, including the weight of the evidence, to determine if valuation allowances against deferred tax assets are required. In fiscal 2018, the Company released valuation allowances against certain U.S. federal and 2025.
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes
The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s reserve for unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, for the years ended August 31 (in thousands):
|
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
|
| 2017 |
|
Unrecognized tax benefits, as of the beginning of the year |
| $ | 5,054 |
|
| $ | 5,548 |
|
| $ | 4,724 |
|
Additions (reductions) for tax positions of prior years |
|
| (151 | ) |
|
| 171 |
|
|
| (120 | ) |
Additions for tax positions of the current year |
|
| 507 |
|
|
| 596 |
|
|
| 944 |
|
Reduction attributable to federal tax reform |
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,261 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Unrecognized tax benefits, as of the end of the year |
| $ | 5,410 |
|
| $ | 5,054 |
|
| $ | 5,548 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Unrecognized tax benefits, as of the beginning of the year | $ | 4,724 | $ | 3,970 | $ | 2,780 | |||||
| Additions for tax positions of prior years | — | — | — | ||||||||
| Reductions for tax positions of prior years | (120 | ) | (56 | ) | — | ||||||
| Additions for tax positions of the current year | 944 | 810 | 1,571 | ||||||||
| Settlements with tax authorities | — | — | (381 | ) | |||||||
| Unrecognized tax benefits, as of the end of the year | $ | 5,548 | $ | 4,724 | $ | 3,970 | |||||
The Company does not anticipate any material changes to the reserve in the next 12 months. Reserves pertaining to positions claimed on the fiscal year 2013 through 2017 tax returns would result in net operating loss offsets in the event the positions were successfully challenged. Pursuant to FASB's Accounting Standards Update 2013-11, the reserves are netted against deferred tax assets related to net operating loss carryforwards. The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that approximately $2 million of its currently remaining unrecognized tax benefits may be recognized by the end of fiscal 2018 as a result of a lapse of the statute of limitations.
The Company files federal and state income tax returns in the U.S. and foreign tax returns in Puerto Rico and Canada. For U.S. federal income tax returns, fiscal years 2013 to 20162018 remain subject to examination under the statute of limitations.
81 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Note 1614 – Net Income (Loss) Per Share
The following table sets forth the information used to compute basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI shareholders for the years ended August 31 (in thousands):
|
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
|
| 2017 |
|
Income from continuing operations |
| $ | 58,570 |
|
| $ | 159,443 |
|
| $ | 47,368 |
|
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
| (1,977 | ) |
|
| (3,338 | ) |
|
| (2,467 | ) |
Income from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders |
|
| 56,593 |
|
|
| 156,105 |
|
|
| 44,901 |
|
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax |
|
| (248 | ) |
|
| 346 |
|
|
| (390 | ) |
Net income attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 56,345 |
|
| $ | 156,451 |
|
| $ | 44,511 |
|
Computation of shares: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic |
|
| 27,527 |
|
|
| 27,645 |
|
|
| 27,537 |
|
Incremental common shares attributable to dilutive performance share, RSU and DSU awards |
|
| 695 |
|
|
| 944 |
|
|
| 604 |
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted |
|
| 28,222 |
|
|
| 28,589 |
|
|
| 28,141 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 47,368 | $ | (16,240 | ) | $ | (187,849 | ) | |||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | (2,467 | ) | (1,821 | ) | (1,933 | ) | |||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI | 44,901 | (18,061 | ) | (189,782 | ) | ||||||
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | (390 | ) | (1,348 | ) | (7,227 | ) | |||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to SSI | $ | 44,511 | $ | (19,409 | ) | $ | (197,009 | ) | |||
| Computation of shares: | |||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic | 27,537 | 27,229 | 27,010 | ||||||||
| Incremental common shares attributable to dilutive performance share, RSU and DSU awards | 604 | — | — | ||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted | 28,141 | 27,229 | 27,010 | ||||||||
Common stock equivalent shares of 251,899, 1,016,74592,873, 62,019 and 1,018,858251,899 were considered antidilutive and were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI shareholders for the years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Note 1715 – Related Party Transactions
The Company purchases recycled metal from its joint venture operations at prices that approximate fair market value. These purchases totaled $14$15 million, $12$16 million and
Note 1816 – Segment Information
The accounting standards for reporting information about operating segments define an operating segment as a component of an enterprise that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.
AMR acquires and reporting structure supported two operating and reportable segments: the Auto and Metals Recycling ("AMR") business and the Steel Manufacturing Business ("SMB"). In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, in accordance with its plan announced in June 2017, the Company modified its internal organizational and reporting structure to combine its steel manufacturing operations, which had been reported as the SMB segment, with its Oregon metals recycling operations, which had been reported within the AMR segment, forming a new division named Cascade Steel and Scrap ("CSS"). This resulted in a realignment of how the Chief Executive Officer, who is considered the Company's chief operating decision maker, reviews performance and makes decisions on resource allocation. The Company began reporting on this new segment structure in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 as reflected in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The segment data for the comparable periods presented has been recast to conform to the current period presentation for all activities of the reorganized segments. Recasting this historical information did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial performance for any of the periods presented.
CSS operates a steel mini-mill that produces a range of finished steel long products using ferrous recycled scrap metal and other raw materials. CSS'sCSS’s steel mill obtains substantially all of its recycled scrap metal raw material requirements from its integrated metals recycling and joint venture operations.
The Company holds noncontrolling ownership interests in joint ventures, which are either in the metals recycling business or are suppliers of unprocessed metal. The Company'sCompany’s allocable portion of the results of these joint ventures is reported within the segment results. ThreeAs of August 31, 2019, the Company had 2 50%-owned joint venture interests, are1 presented as part of AMR operations, and one interest is1 presented as part of CSS operations. The joint ventures sellventure within CSS sells recycled scrap metal to AMR and toother operations within CSS at prices that approximate local market rates, which produces intercompany profit. This intercompany profit is eliminated while the products remain in inventory and is not recognized until the finished products are sold to third parties.
Intersegment sales from AMR to CSS are made at prices that approximate local market rates. These intercompany sales tend to produce intercompany profitsprofit which areis not recognized until the finished products are ultimately sold to third parties.
82 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
The information provided below is obtained from internal information that is provided to the Company’s chief operating decision maker for the purpose of corporate management. The Company uses segment operating income to measure segment performance. The Company does not allocate corporate interest income and expense, income taxes and other income to its reportable segments. Certain expenses related to shared services that support operational activities and transactions are allocated from Corporate to the segments. Unallocated Corporate expense consists primarily of expense for management and certain administrative services that benefit both reportable segments. In addition, the Company does not allocate certain items to segment operating income because management does not include the information in its measurement of the performance of the operating segments. Such unallocated items include restructuring charges and other exit-related activities, charges (net of recoveries) related to legacy environmental matters, and provisions for certain legal matters. Because of the unallocated income and expense, the operating income of each reportable segment does not reflect the operating income the reportable segment would report as a stand-alone business. In addition, the Company does not allocate restructuring charges and other exit-related activities to the segment operating income because management does not include this information in its measurement of the performance of the operating segments. The results of discontinued operations are excluded from segment operating income and are presented separately, net of tax, from the results of ongoing operations for all periods presented.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company modified its measurement of segment operating income to classify all legacy environmental charges within Corporate in order to align the measures with how the Chief Executive Officer, who is considered the Company’s chief operating decision maker, reviews performance and makes decisions on resource allocation. The change has been applied prospectively beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, and such legacy environmental charges incurred during the quarter are reported within the Corporate division. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company recorded $1 million of legacy environmental charges to the Corporate division that, prior to the change, would have been classified within AMR. Legacy environmental charges reflected in AMR’s operating results prior to the change are not material to the Consolidated Financial Statements either individually or in the aggregate. Environmental charges are reported within selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
The following is a summary of the Company’s total assets as of August 31 (in thousands):
|
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
Total assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auto and Metals Recycling(1) |
| $ | 1,561,267 |
|
| $ | 1,485,626 |
|
Cascade Steel and Scrap |
|
| 769,930 |
|
|
| 740,967 |
|
Total segment assets |
|
| 2,331,197 |
|
|
| 2,226,593 |
|
Corporate and eliminations(2) |
|
| (1,170,451 | ) |
|
| (1,121,776 | ) |
Total assets |
| $ | 1,160,746 |
|
| $ | 1,104,817 |
|
Property, plant and equipment, net(3) |
| $ | 456,400 |
|
| $ | 415,711 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | ||||||
| Total assets: | |||||||
Auto and Metals Recycling(1) | $ | 1,298,757 | $ | 1,186,949 | |||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | 696,269 | 696,031 | |||||
| Total segment assets | 1,995,026 | 1,882,980 | |||||
Corporate and eliminations(2) | (1,061,271 | ) | (991,551 | ) | |||
| Total assets | $ | 933,755 | $ | 891,429 | |||
Property, plant and equipment, net (3) | $ | 390,629 | $ | 392,820 | |||
(1) | |
AMR total assets include |
(2) | |
The substantial majority of Corporate and eliminations total assets |
(3) | |
Property, plant and equipment, net includes |
83 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
The table below illustrates the Company’s results from continuing operations by reportable segment for the years ended August 31 (in thousands):
|
| 2019 |
|
|
| 2018 |
|
| �� | 2017 |
|
AMR: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues | $ | 1,684,977 |
|
| $ | 1,908,966 |
|
| $ | 1,363,618 |
|
Less: Intersegment revenues |
| (11,612 | ) |
|
| (24,892 | ) |
|
| (15,647 | ) |
AMR external customer revenues |
| 1,673,365 |
|
|
| 1,884,074 |
|
|
| 1,347,971 |
|
CSS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
| 459,416 |
|
|
| 480,641 |
|
|
| 339,620 |
|
Total revenues | $ | 2,132,781 |
|
| $ | 2,364,715 |
|
| $ | 1,687,591 |
|
Depreciation and amortization: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AMR | $ | 38,816 |
|
| $ | 35,564 |
|
| $ | 34,853 |
|
CSS |
| 11,781 |
|
|
| 11,724 |
|
|
| 12,525 |
|
Segment depreciation and amortization |
| 50,597 |
|
|
| 47,288 |
|
|
| 47,378 |
|
Corporate |
| 2,739 |
|
|
| 2,384 |
|
|
| 2,462 |
|
Total depreciation and amortization | $ | 53,336 |
|
| $ | 49,672 |
|
| $ | 49,840 |
|
Capital expenditures: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AMR | $ | 78,706 |
|
| $ | 67,099 |
|
| $ | 34,575 |
|
CSS |
| 15,345 |
|
|
| 9,600 |
|
|
| 10,224 |
|
Segment capital expenditures |
| 94,051 |
|
|
| 76,699 |
|
|
| 44,799 |
|
Corporate |
| 562 |
|
|
| 927 |
|
|
| 141 |
|
Total capital expenditures | $ | 94,613 |
|
| $ | 77,626 |
|
| $ | 44,940 |
|
Reconciliation of the Company’s segment operating income to income from continuing operations before income taxes: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AMR(1) | $ | 95,991 |
|
| $ | 169,120 |
|
| $ | 91,405 |
|
CSS(2) |
| 31,951 |
|
|
| 38,286 |
|
|
| 5,275 |
|
Segment operating income |
| 127,942 |
|
|
| 207,406 |
|
|
| 96,680 |
|
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities |
| (365 | ) |
|
| 661 |
|
|
| 109 |
|
Corporate and eliminations |
| (43,712 | ) |
|
| (59,079 | ) |
|
| (40,776 | ) |
Operating income |
| 83,865 |
|
|
| 148,988 |
|
|
| 56,013 |
|
Interest expense |
| (8,266 | ) |
|
| (8,983 | ) |
|
| (8,081 | ) |
Other income, net |
| 641 |
|
|
| 1,848 |
|
|
| 758 |
|
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 76,240 |
|
| $ | 141,853 |
|
| $ | 48,690 |
|
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling: | |||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,363,618 | $ | 1,060,592 | $ | 1,513,315 | |||||
| Less: Intersegment revenues | (15,647 | ) | (12,081 | ) | (33,029 | ) | |||||
| AMR external customer revenues | 1,347,971 | 1,048,511 | 1,480,286 | ||||||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap: | |||||||||||
| Revenues | 339,620 | 304,032 | 435,113 | ||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 1,687,591 | $ | 1,352,543 | $ | 1,915,399 | |||||
| Depreciation and amortization: | |||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | $ | 34,853 | $ | 39,033 | $ | 50,126 | |||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | 12,525 | 13,052 | 14,164 | ||||||||
| Segment depreciation and amortization | 47,378 | 52,085 | 64,290 | ||||||||
| Corporate | 2,462 | 2,545 | 2,825 | ||||||||
| Total depreciation and amortization | $ | 49,840 | $ | 54,630 | $ | 67,115 | |||||
| Capital expenditures: | |||||||||||
| Auto and Metals Recycling | $ | 34,575 | $ | 26,623 | $ | 21,845 | |||||
| Cascade Steel and Scrap | 10,224 | 7,044 | 7,816 | ||||||||
| Segment capital expenditures | 44,799 | 33,667 | 29,661 | ||||||||
| Corporate | 141 | 904 | 2,636 | ||||||||
| Total capital expenditures | $ | 44,940 | $ | 34,571 | $ | 32,297 | |||||
| Reconciliation of the Company’s segment operating income (loss) to income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes: | |||||||||||
Auto and Metals Recycling(1) | $ | 91,405 | $ | 23,168 | $ | (166,119 | ) | ||||
Cascade Steel and Scrap(2) | 5,275 | 4,696 | 20,535 | ||||||||
| Segment operating income (loss) | 96,680 | 27,864 | (145,584 | ) | |||||||
| Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities | 109 | (6,781 | ) | (13,008 | ) | ||||||
| Corporate and eliminations | (40,776 | ) | (28,925 | ) | (36,937 | ) | |||||
| Operating income (loss) | 56,013 | (7,842 | ) | (195,529 | ) | ||||||
| Interest expense | (8,081 | ) | (8,889 | ) | (9,191 | ) | |||||
| Other income, net | 758 | 1,226 | 4,256 | ||||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 48,690 | $ | (15,505 | ) | $ | (200,464 | ) | |||
(1) | |
AMR operating income |
(2) | CSS operating income includes $1 million, $2 million, and $1 million in income from joint ventures accounted for by the equity method in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, |
The following revenues from external customers are presented by major product and based on the sales destination and by major product for the years ended August 31 (in thousands):
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
| |||
Major product information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ferrous revenues |
| $ | 1,164,719 |
|
| $ | 1,328,447 |
|
| $ | 855,161 |
|
Nonferrous revenues |
|
| 468,023 |
|
|
| 529,466 |
|
|
| 425,989 |
|
Steel revenues(1) |
|
| 367,956 |
|
|
| 367,560 |
|
|
| 280,767 |
|
Retail and other revenues |
|
| 132,083 |
|
|
| 139,242 |
|
|
| 125,674 |
|
Total revenues |
| $ | 2,132,781 |
|
| $ | 2,364,715 |
|
| $ | 1,687,591 |
|
Revenues based on sales destination: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign |
| $ | 1,141,077 |
|
| $ | 1,354,460 |
|
| $ | 894,265 |
|
Domestic |
|
| 991,704 |
|
|
| 1,010,255 |
|
|
| 793,326 |
|
Total revenues |
| $ | 2,132,781 |
|
| $ | 2,364,715 |
|
| $ | 1,687,591 |
|
84 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
(1) | Steel revenues include primarily sales of finished steel products, semi-finished goods (billets) and manufacturing scrap. |
(2) | In fiscal 2019, the Company modified its categories of revenues from external customers by major product. The major product revenues for fiscal 2018 and 2017 have been revised to conform to the current presentation, with such revisions being immaterial to each year. |
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||||||||
| Revenues based on sales destination: | |||||||||||
| Foreign | $ | 894,265 | $ | 683,569 | $ | 984,910 | |||||
| Domestic | 793,326 | 668,974 | 930,489 | ||||||||
| Total revenues from external customers | $ | 1,687,591 | $ | 1,352,543 | $ | 1,915,399 | |||||
| Major product information: | |||||||||||
| Ferrous scrap metal | $ | 855,161 | $ | 619,060 | $ | 922,291 | |||||
| Nonferrous scrap metal | 425,989 | 340,025 | 488,036 | ||||||||
| Retail and other | 126,235 | 123,553 | 130,035 | ||||||||
| Finished steel products | 280,206 | 269,355 | 363,795 | ||||||||
| Semi-finished steel products | — | 550 | 11,242 | ||||||||
| Total revenues from external customers | $ | 1,687,591 | $ | 1,352,543 | $ | 1,915,399 | |||||
In fiscal
2019, 2018 and 2017,
|
|
| 2019 |
|
| % of Revenue |
|
| 2018 |
|
| % of Revenue |
|
|
| 2017 |
|
| % of Revenue |
| ||
Turkey(1) |
| N/A |
|
| N/A |
| $ | 262,835 |
|
|
| 11 | % |
| N/A |
|
| N/A |
| |||
China(1) |
| N/A |
|
| N/A |
| $ | 255,097 |
|
|
| 11 | % |
| $ | 216,231 |
|
|
| 13 | % | |
| 2017 | % of Revenue | 2016 | % of Revenue | 2015 | % of Revenue | |||||||||||||||
| China | $ | 216,231 | 13 | % | $ | 150,570 | 11 | % | $ | 240,279 | 13 | % | ||||||||
Turkey(1) | N/A | N/A | 163,696 | 12 | % | 225,040 | 12 | % | ||||||||||||
(1) | |
N/A = Sales were less than the 10% threshold. |
Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
In the opinion of management, this unaudited quarterly financial summary includes all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods represented (in thousands, except per share amounts):
|
| Fiscal 2019 |
| |||||||||||||
|
| First |
|
| Second |
|
| Third |
|
| Fourth |
| ||||
Revenues |
| $ | 564,020 |
|
| $ | 473,565 |
|
| $ | 547,396 |
|
| $ | 547,800 |
|
Cost of goods sold |
| $ | 490,132 |
|
| $ | 414,688 |
|
| $ | 474,598 |
|
| $ | 479,117 |
|
Operating income |
| $ | 22,689 |
|
| $ | 19,036 |
|
| $ | 24,459 |
|
| $ | 17,681 |
|
Income from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 16,260 |
|
| $ | 13,030 |
|
| $ | 15,682 |
|
| $ | 11,621 |
|
Basic income per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 0.59 |
|
| $ | 0.47 |
|
| $ | 0.57 |
|
| $ | 0.42 |
|
Diluted income per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 0.57 |
|
| $ | 0.46 |
|
| $ | 0.56 |
|
| $ | 0.41 |
|
Net income |
| $ | 16,618 |
|
| $ | 13,297 |
|
| $ | 16,440 |
|
| $ | 11,967 |
|
Net income attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 16,188 |
|
| $ | 12,892 |
|
| $ | 15,690 |
|
| $ | 11,575 |
|
Basic net income per share attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 0.59 |
|
| $ | 0.47 |
|
| $ | 0.57 |
|
| $ | 0.42 |
|
Diluted net income per share attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 0.57 |
|
| $ | 0.46 |
|
| $ | 0.56 |
|
| $ | 0.41 |
|
|
| Fiscal 2018 |
| |||||||||||||
|
| First |
|
| Second |
|
| Third |
|
| Fourth |
| ||||
Revenues |
| $ | 483,279 |
|
| $ | 559,443 |
|
| $ | 652,416 |
|
| $ | 669,577 |
|
Cost of goods sold |
| $ | 406,251 |
|
| $ | 472,462 |
|
| $ | 549,164 |
|
| $ | 582,608 |
|
Operating income |
| $ | 26,423 |
|
| $ | 33,358 |
|
| $ | 51,234 |
|
| $ | 37,973 |
|
Income from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 18,399 |
|
| $ | 40,852 |
|
| $ | 37,458 |
|
| $ | 59,396 |
|
Basic income per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 0.66 |
|
| $ | 1.47 |
|
| $ | 1.35 |
|
| $ | 2.17 |
|
Diluted income per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 0.64 |
|
| $ | 1.42 |
|
| $ | 1.31 |
|
| $ | 2.08 |
|
Net income |
| $ | 19,221 |
|
| $ | 41,919 |
|
| $ | 38,448 |
|
| $ | 60,201 |
|
Net income attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 18,364 |
|
| $ | 41,016 |
|
| $ | 37,402 |
|
| $ | 59,669 |
|
Basic net income per share attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 0.66 |
|
| $ | 1.48 |
|
| $ | 1.35 |
|
| $ | 2.18 |
|
Diluted net income per share attributable to SSI shareholders |
| $ | 0.64 |
|
| $ | 1.42 |
|
| $ | 1.31 |
|
| $ | 2.09 |
|
| Fiscal 2017 | |||||||||||||||
| First | Second | Third | Fourth | ||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 334,161 | $ | 382,084 | $ | 477,088 | $ | 494,258 | |||||||
| Cost of goods sold | $ | 295,892 | $ | 326,804 | $ | 411,109 | $ | 430,703 | |||||||
| Operating income | $ | 587 | $ | 14,171 | $ | 19,147 | $ | 22,108 | |||||||
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | $ | (53 | ) | $ | (95 | ) | $ | (127 | ) | $ | (114 | ) | |||
| Net income (loss) attributable to SSI | $ | (1,326 | ) | $ | 11,037 | $ | 16,565 | $ | 18,235 | ||||||
| Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.66 | ||||||
| Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.64 | ||||||
| Fiscal 2016 | |||||||||||||||
| First | Second | Third | Fourth | ||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 321,198 | $ | 289,077 | $ | 351,604 | $ | 390,664 | |||||||
| Cost of goods sold | $ | 284,854 | $ | 259,670 | $ | 294,738 | $ | 336,726 | |||||||
| Operating income (loss) | $ | (4,028 | ) | $ | (37,076 | ) | $ | 14,886 | $ | 18,376 | |||||
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | $ | (65 | ) | $ | (1,024 | ) | $ | (116 | ) | $ | (143 | ) | |||
| Net income (loss) attributable to SSI | $ | (5,296 | ) | $ | (41,245 | ) | $ | 11,000 | $ | 16,132 | |||||
| Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI | $ | (0.20 | ) | $ | (1.52 | ) | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.59 | |||||
| Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI | $ | (0.20 | ) | $ | (1.52 | ) | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.58 | |||||
In the second quarter of fiscal 2016, operating2018, results included an income tax benefit of $7 million related to the impacts of U.S. federal tax legislation enacted during the quarter, and a goodwill impairment chargediscrete income tax benefit of $9$7 million other asset impairment chargesrelated to the release of $18 millionvaluation allowances against certain U.S. and restructuring charges and other exit-related activities of $5 million.state deferred tax assets. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, operating2018, results included other asset impairment chargesa discrete income tax benefit of $2$30 million and an insurance reimbursement gainrelated to the release of $6 million.
86 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-KSchedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
For the Years Ended August 31,
(In thousands)
Column A |
| Column B |
|
| Column C |
|
| Column D |
|
| Column E |
| ||||
Description |
| Balance at Beginning of Period |
|
| Charges to Cost and Expenses |
|
| Deductions |
|
| Balance at End of Period |
| ||||
Fiscal 2019 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
| $ | 2,586 |
|
| $ | 74 |
|
| $ | (1,091 | ) |
| $ | 1,569 |
|
Deferred tax valuation allowance |
| $ | 16,484 |
|
| $ | 472 |
|
| $ | (520 | ) |
| $ | 16,436 |
|
Fiscal 2018 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
| $ | 2,280 |
|
| $ | 323 |
|
| $ | (17 | ) |
| $ | 2,586 |
|
Deferred tax valuation allowance |
| $ | 67,348 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | (50,864 | ) |
| $ | 16,484 |
|
Fiscal 2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
| $ | 2,315 |
|
| $ | 126 |
|
| $ | (161 | ) |
| $ | 2,280 |
|
Deferred tax valuation allowance |
| $ | 83,891 |
|
| $ | 690 |
|
| $ | (17,233 | ) |
| $ | 67,348 |
|
| Column A | Column B | Column C | Column D | Column E | ||||||||||||
| Description | Balance at beginning of period | Charges to cost and expenses | Deductions | Balance at end of period | ||||||||||||
| Fiscal 2017 | ||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | 2,315 | $ | 126 | $ | (161 | ) | $ | 2,280 | |||||||
| Deferred tax valuation allowance | $ | 86,917 | $ | 690 | $ | (17,233 | ) | $ | 70,374 | |||||||
| Fiscal 2016 | ||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | 2,496 | $ | 131 | $ | (312 | ) | $ | 2,315 | |||||||
| Deferred tax valuation allowance | $ | 78,304 | $ | 8,613 | $ | — | $ | 86,917 | ||||||||
| Fiscal 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | 2,720 | $ | (280 | ) | $ | 56 | $ | 2,496 | |||||||
| Allowance for notes and other contractual receivables | $ | 7,602 | $ | — | $ | (7,602 | ) | $ | — | |||||||
| Deferred tax valuation allowance | $ | 30,265 | $ | 48,039 | $ | — | $ | 78,304 | ||||||||
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. The Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has completed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures.procedures as of August 31, 2019. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting is presented within Part II, Item 8 of this report and is incorporated herein by reference.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during its most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information required by Item 401 of Regulation S-K regarding directors, and information required by Items 405, 407(c)(3), 407(d)(4) and 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K, will be included under “Election of Directors,”Directors” and “Corporate Governance” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Company’s Proxy Statement for its 20182020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
Name | Age | Office | ||
Tamara L. Lundgren | 62 | President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Richard D. Peach | 56 | Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief of Corporate Operations | ||
Michael Henderson | 60 | Senior Vice President, Co-President, Auto and Metals Recycling, and Co-President, Cascade Steel and Scrap | ||
Steven Heiskell | 50 | Senior Vice President and Co-President, Auto and Metals Recycling | ||
Jeffrey Dyck | 56 | Senior Vice President and Co-President, Cascade Steel and Scrap | ||
Peter Saba | 58 | Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary | ||
Stefano Gaggini | 48 | Vice President, | ||
Tamara L. Lundgren
has been our President and Chief Executive Officer since December 2008. She joined the Company in September 2005 as Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer and held roles of increasing responsibility, including Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. Prior to joining us, Ms. Lundgren was an investment banker and lawyer with 25 years of experience in the U.S. and Europe. She was a Managing Director in the Investment Banking Division of JPMorgan Chase, which she joined in 2001, and Deutsche Bank, which she joined in 1996. Earlier she was a partner in the Washington, DC law firm of Hogan Lovells (then Hogan & Hartson, LLP). Ms. Lundgren earned a B.A. degree from Wellesley College and a J.D. degree from the Northwestern University School of Law.Richard D. Peach
joined us in March 2007 and was appointed Chief Financial Officer in December 2007. In September 2016, in addition to his responsibilities as Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Peach assumed the role of Chief of Corporate Operations. Prior to joining us, Mr. Peach was the Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President with the Western U.S. energy utility, PacifiCorp, from 2003 to 2006. From 1995 to 2002, he served in senior management positions withMichael Henderson
joined us in April 2012 and served as Chief Operating Officer and President of the Metals Recycling Business, prior to his promotion to Co-President of the Auto and Metals Recycling business in April 2015, and then Co-President of the Cascade Steel and Scrap business in June 2017. Prior to joining Schnitzer, he was Eastern Region President for Sims Metal Management where he was responsible for 26 facilities, including four shredders and five port locations. He began his career with Naparano Iron & Metal and has more than 30 years in the scrap industry, including expertise in both the ferrous and nonferrous sides of the business.Steven Heiskell
joined us in August 2004 and served in a variety of capacities within our Auto Parts Business, including as Vice President Corporate Development, Chief Development Officer, General Manager and Vice President and Managing Director, prior to his promotion to Co-President of the Auto and Metals Recycling business in April 2015. Prior to joining us, Steven served in a variety of executive positions at Simpata, Inc., a venture capital backed internet startup in San Francisco, Enron, and BP/Amoco Oil.Jeffrey Dyck
joined the Steel Manufacturing Business in February 1994 and served in a variety of positions, including Manager of the Rolling Mills and Director of Operations of the Steel Manufacturing Business, before his promotion to President of SMB in June 2005, and then Co-President of the Cascade Steel and Scrap business in June 2017.Peter Saba
joined us in July 2015 as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary. He is a member of the New York State, District of Columbia and U.S. Supreme Court Bar, not admitted in Oregon State. Prior to joining us, Peter was the Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer and Corporate Secretary for Centrus Energy Corp. (formerly, USEC, Inc.), a global energy company that enriches uranium for nuclear fuel, which he joined in 2008. USEC, Inc. filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in March 2014 and emerged from Chapter 11 as Centrus Energy Corp. on September 30, 2014. Over a 30-year career, Peter has worked in leading international law firms focusing on corporate and project finance, served as Chief Operating Officer and General Counsel at the Export-Import Bank of the United States and as the Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Domestic and International Energy Policy at the U.S. Department of Energy, and taught international business transactions as an Adjunct Professor at Georgetown Law School.Stefano Gaggini
joined us in July 2011 as Senior Manager of SEC Reporting and Technical Accounting and became Director of SEC Reporting and Technical Accounting in March 2012. He became Vice President, Corporate Controller and Principal Accounting Officer in DecemberCode of Ethics
On April 27, 2017,26, 2018, the Board of Directors approved a revised Company’s Code of Conduct that is applicable to all of its directors and employees. It includes additional provisions that apply to the Company’s principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, and persons performing similar functions (the “Senior Financial Officers”). This document is posted onunder the Corporate Governance pagecaption “Company – About Schnitzer – Ethics & Code of Conduct” on the Company’s internet website (www.schnitzersteel.com) and is available free of charge by calling the Company or submitting a request to ir@schn.com. The Company intends to satisfy its disclosure obligations with respect to any amendments to or waivers of the Code of Conduct for directors, executive officers or Senior Financial Officers by posting such information on its internet website set forth above rather than by filing a Form 8-K.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by Items 402, 407(e)(4) and 407(e)(5) of Regulation S-K will be included under “Compensation of Executive Officers,” “Compensation Discussion and Analysis”, “Director Compensation”,Analysis,” “Non-Employee Director Compensation,” “Corporate Governance – Assessment of Compensation Risk”Risk,” “Corporate Governance – Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Compensation Committee Report” in the Company’s Proxy Statement to be filed for its 20182020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Information with respect to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management, as required by Item 403 of Regulation S-K, will be included under “Voting Securities and Principal Shareholders” in the Company’s Proxy Statement for its 20182020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference. Information with respect to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans, as required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K, will be included under “Compensation Plan Information” in the Company’s Proxy Statement for its 20182020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by Items 404 and 407(a) of Regulation S-K will be included under “Certain Transactions” and “Corporate Governance – Director Independence” in the Company’s Proxy Statement for its
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Information regarding the Company’s principal accountant fees and services required by Item 9(e) of Schedule 14A will be included under “Independent“Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and “Fees Paid to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Company’s Proxy Statement for its
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) | ||||
The following | ||||
FORM 10-K | ||||
PAGE NO. | ||||
1. | Financial Statements: | |||
49 | ||||
51 | ||||
52 | ||||
53 | ||||
Consolidated Statements of Equity for each of the three years ended August 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 | 54 | |||
55 | ||||
57 | ||||
2. | Financial Statement Schedules: | |||
87 | ||||
All other schedules are omitted as the information is either not applicable or is not required. | ||||
3. | Exhibits: | |||
3.1 | ||||
3.2 | ||||
4.1 | ||||
10.1 | Lease Agreement, dated September 1, 1988, between Schnitzer Investment Corp. and the Registrant, as amended, relating to the Portland Metals Recycling operation and which has terminated except for surviving indemnity obligations. Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on September 24, 1993 (Commission File No. 33-69352), and incorporated herein by | |||
10.2 | ||||
10.3 | ||||
10.4 | ||||
91 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
10.5 | ||||
10.6 | ||||
10.7 | ||||
*10.8 | ||||
*10.9 | ||||
*10.10 | ||||
*10.11 | ||||
*10.12 | |||
*10.13 | |||
*10.14 | |||
*10.15 | |||
*10.16 | |||
*10.17 | |||
*10.18 | |||
*10.19 | |||
*10.20 | |||
*10.21 | |||
*10.22 | |||
92 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
*10.23 | |||
*10.24 | |||
*10.25 | |||
*10.26 | |||
*10.27 | ||||
*10.28 | ||||
*10.29 | ||||
*10.30 | ||||
*10.31 | ||||
*10.32 | ||||
*10.33 | ||||
*10.34 | ||||
*10.35 | ||||
*10.36 | ||||
21.1 | ||||
23.1 | ||||
24.1 | ||||
31.1 | ||||
31.2 | ||||
32.1 | ||||
93 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2019
32.2 | |||
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | ||
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | ||
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document | ||
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | ||
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Document | ||
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Definition Presentation Document | ||
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | ||
* | |||
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document as of the date they were made and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were madefor any other purpose or at any other time.
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC. | |||||
Dated: October 24, | By: | /s/ RICHARD D. PEACH | |||
Richard D. Peach | |||||
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief of Corporate Operations | |||||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant on
October 24,Signature | Title | |
Principal Executive Officer: | ||
/s/ TAMARA L. LUNDGREN | President and Chief Executive Officer and Director | |
Tamara L. Lundgren | ||
Principal Financial Officer: | ||
/s/ RICHARD D. PEACH | Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief of Corporate Operations | |
Richard D. Peach | ||
Principal Accounting Officer: | ||
/s/ STEFANO GAGGINI | Vice President, | |
Stefano Gaggini | ||
Directors: | ||
*JOHN D. CARTER | Director | |
John D. Carter | ||
*WAYLAND R. HICKS | Director | |
Wayland R. Hicks | ||
*RHONDA D. HUNTER | Director | |
Rhonda D. Hunter | ||
*DAVID L. JAHNKE | Director | |
David L. Jahnke | ||
*JUDITH A. JOHANSEN | Director | |
Judith A. Johansen | ||
*WILLIAM D. LARSSON | Director | |
William D. Larsson | ||
*MICHAEL SUTHERLIN | Director | |
Michael Sutherlin | ||
*By: | /s/ RICHARD D. PEACH | |||
Attorney-in-fact, Richard D. Peach |
95 /
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K