UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

(Mark One)

☒     ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 20212022

or

☐    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________to__________

Commission File Number: 001-35455

SSR MINING INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (303) 292-1299

At June 30, 2021,2022, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $3,351,155,606$3,537,761,233 based on the closing sale price as reported on Nasdaq Global Market on that date. There were 212,380,004206,762,854 common shares outstanding on January 31, 2022.2023.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Designated portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 20222023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which is to be filed subsequent to the date hereof, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

PART I

SSR Mining is a precious metals mining company with four producing assets located in the United States, Turkey,Türkiye, Canada and Argentina. The Company is primarily engaged in the operation, acquisition, exploration and development of precious metal resource properties, located in Turkey and the Americas. The Company producesproducing gold doré as well as copper, silver and lead and zinc concentrates. SSR Mining's diversified asset portfolio is comprised of high-margin, long-life assets located in some of the world's most prolific metal districts. In 2021, the Company's four operating assets produced over 794 thousand gold equivalent ounces and generated over $440.0 million dollars of free cash flow. See "Non-GAAP Measure – Free Cash Flow" for an explanation of this measure and a reconciliation to cash provided by operating activities, which is the comparable GAAP financial measure.

The Company has an experienced leadership team with a proven track record of delivery and value creation. Across the organization, the Company has expertise in project construction, mining (open pit and underground), and processing (pressure oxidation, heap leach and flotation), with a robust commitment to health, safety, community engagement and environmental management.

The Company has a strong balance sheet, with over $1 billion$655.5 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2021,2022, to support its growth pipeline. The Company intends to leverage its balance sheet strength and proven track record of free cash flow generation to fund growth across its portfolio to facilitate superior returns to shareholders.

The Company's operations consist of four operating mine sites - Çöpler Gold Mine, located in Erzincan Province, TurkeyTürkiye ("Çöpler"), Marigold Mine, located in Nevada, United States ("Marigold"), Seabee Gold Operations, located in Saskatchewan, Canada ("Seabee" or "SGO"), and Puna Operations, located in Jujuy Province, Argentina ("Puna") - each of which is a reportable operating segment and which are also referred to as producing assets. The contributions to our revenue by reportable operating segment for the year ended December 31, 20212022 were 41%31% from Çöpler (2020(2021 – 24%41%; 20192020 – nil)24%), 29%30% from Marigold (2020(2021 – 48%29%; 20192020 – 52%48%), 15%21% from Seabee (2020(2021 – 16%15%; 20192020 – 24%16%) and 15%18% from Puna (2020(2021 – 12%15%; 20192020 – 24%12%). See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information relating to our reportable operating segments.

The Company sells lead and zinc concentrate with high silver content, through contractual arrangements with smelters and traders located in Asia and Europe. The concentrates are sold under supply contracts updated annually or as needed through spot sales, with processing fees based on the demand for the concentrates in the global marketplace.

The market prices of gold and silver are key drivers of the Company’s profitability. The prices of gold and silver can fluctuate widely and are affected by a number of macroeconomic factors, including global or regional consumption patterns, the supply of, and demand for gold and silver, interest rates, exchange rates, inflation or deflation, global economic conditions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, and the political and economic conditions of major gold- and silver-producing and gold- and silver-consuming countries throughout the world. Importantly, the price of gold and silver can be impacted by their role as safe havens during periods of market turmoil and as defense against the perceived inflationary impacts and currency depreciation caused by the responses of governments and central banking authorities to various economic threats. See Item 1A. Risk Factors, for further information.

The precious and base metals mineral exploration and mining business is competitive. Competition is primarily for: mineral properties that can be developed and produced economically; technical experts that can find, develop and mine such mineral properties; labor to operate the mineral properties; and capital to finance exploration, development and operations.

The Company competes with other mining and exploration companies in the acquisition of mineral properties and in connection with the recruitment and retention of qualified employees. There is significant competition for mineral properties. Many larger competitors have greater financial and technical resources available to them. If the Company is unsuccessful in acquiring additional mineral properties or qualified personnel, the Company may not be able to replace mineral reserves, maintain production or grow.

Other than operating licenses for our mining and processing facilities, there are no third party patents, licenses or franchises material to our business. In many countries, however, we conduct our mining and exploration activities pursuant to concessions granted by, or under contracts with, the host government, including the United States, Canada, Mexico, Peru, Argentina, and Turkey.Türkiye. The concessions and contracts are subject to the political risks associated with the host country. See Item 1A. Risk Factors for further information.

Our business is capital intensive and requires ongoing capital investment for the replacement, modernization or expansion of equipment and facilities. See Results of Consolidated Operations and Liquidity and Capital Resources within Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Financial Condition and Results of Operations, for further information.

We maintain insurance policies against property loss and business interruption and insure against risks that are typical in the operation of our business, in amounts that we believe to be reasonable. Such insurance, however, contains exclusions and limitations on coverage, particularly with respect to environmental liability and political risk. There can be no assurance that claims would be paid under such insurance policies in connection with a particular event. See Item 1A. Risk Factors, below for further information.

The Company is committed to executing its business with strong environmental and community stewardship through the ongoing development of a sustainable approach to operating its business. The Company’s Environmental & Sustainability Policy defines the organization’s commitments to responsible environmental stewardship and to health and welfare of the people and communities in which the Company operates. The policy is designed to guide the Company in advancing each of those commitments. The Company annually publishes an ESG and Sustainability Report, which is developed using the Global Reporting Initiative framework and outlines the Company’s approach to sustainability across a range of areas and summarizes the Company’s sustainability performance. The Company's Environmental & Sustainability Policy and its ESG and Sustainability Report are available on the Company’s website.

The Company’s Board of Directors has also established an Environmental, Health, Safety and Sustainability Committee of the Board (the “EHS&S Committee”) that, as part of its mandate, is responsible for reviewing the Company’s safety, health, security, risk, environment, community relations and sustainability policies and practices, and monitoring the Company’s performance in these areas. The Company’s EHS&S Committee charter is available on the Company’s website.

In 2007, Marigold became the first operating gold mine in the world certified as fully compliant with the International Cyanide Management Code (the “Cyanide Code”), a voluntary industry program for companies involved in the production of gold by the cyanidation process. The Cyanide Code addresses the production of cyanide, its transport from the producer to the mine, its on-site storage and use, decommissioning and financial assurance, worker safety, emergency response, training, stakeholder involvement and verification of implementation of the Cyanide Code. Marigold has been recertified in compliance with the Cyanide Code each time it has been audited by the International Cyanide Management Institute, with the most recent successful recertification occurring in 2021.

Producing precious metals is an energy-intensive business, resulting in carbon emissions. The Company's principal energy sources are purchased electricity, diesel fuel, natural gas and propane. The Company's operations are subject to a range of risks related to transitioning the business to meet regulatory, societal and investor expectations for operating in a low-carbon economy. Transitioning to a lower-carbon economy may entail extensive policy, legal, technology, and market changes to address mitigation and adaptation requirements related to climate change. SSR Mining plans to establish an action plan to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Consistent with this commitment, actions taken to achieve transition to a low-carbon economy may result in increased costs for the Company's operations, partners and suppliers, including increased energy, capital equipment, environmental monitoring and reporting and other costs to achieve the Company's carbon neutrality goal and to comply with ongoing regulations and legislation to address carbon emissions.

The Company’s community relations program is based on open and continuous communication with the members of communities located in its areas of operation. The Company takes a shared-value approach to local development activities to promote sustainable long-term economic and social benefits. In addition, the Company strives to ensure that local stakeholders have an opportunity for input and dialogue. Projects aimed at assisting and advancing the Company’s communities include training and employment, development of infrastructure and support for education and medical services, among others. At all times, the Company works to be a partner in the long-term sustainability of the communities in which it operates. In addition to direct investments made by SSR Mining, the Company also invests in the local communities surrounding its operations by supporting education, social programs and infrastructure projects.

The Company’s activities are subject to extensive laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment and natural resources in all jurisdictions where the Company operates throughout the exploration, development and operating stages of a mining property. These laws address, among other things, emissions into the air and air quality, discharges into water and water quality, management of waste, management and disposal of solid and hazardous substances, protection of natural resources, fisheries and wildlife protection, antiquities, endangered species, noise and use and reclamation of lands disturbed by mining operations.

The Company is required to obtain governmental permits and, in some instances, provide bonding requirements under federal, state, or provincial air, water quality, and mine reclamation rules and permits. Violations of environmental laws are subject to civil sanctions and, in some cases, criminal sanctions, including the suspension or revocation of permits. Additionally, environmental laws in the countries in which the Company operates require that the Company periodically perform environmental impact studies and updates at its mines.

The Company’s mining, exploration and development activities are subject to various federal, provincial, state and municipal laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, including requirements for closure and

reclamation of mining properties. The Company believes that how it closes a mine is just as important as how it opens and operates a mine.

The Company has certain reclamation obligations at its mineral properties, including Çöpler, Marigold, Seabee and Puna Operations. At Marigold, the Company engages in concurrent reclamation practices and provides bonds for all permitted features, as part of the State of Nevada permitting process. Current bonding amounts are based on third party cost estimates to reclaim all permitted features at Marigold, with the exception of a few features permitted as permanent, post-mining features. The U.S. Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) and the State of Nevada both review and approve the bond estimate, and the BLM holds the financial instruments providing the bond backing. At Seabee, the Company also has an approved closure plan and financial assurance held by the Province of Saskatchewan. The closure plan addresses all final reclamation requirements as well as the longer-term post-reclamation monitoring and maintenance phase. As required by the Company’s environmental permits, the closure plan is periodically updated.

The Company has adopted a Diversity Policy which requires the Company to establish specific diversity initiatives, programs and targets. The Company’s Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee oversees the diversity initiatives at the Board level and the Company’s Compensation and Leadership Development Committees oversee such initiatives across the Company. The Company’s Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee reviews the Diversity Policy available on our website annually and assesses its effectiveness. The Company and the Board of Directors are committed to establishing measurable diversity objectives and assessing on an annual basis the achievement against these objectives, including the representation of women at all levels of the organization.

In addition, the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code of Conduct”), available on ourthe Company's website, promotes and supports diversity and inclusion.

The Company is committed to the health and safety of its employees and does so by creating and maintaining a safe working environment, equipment, work processes, effective safety and health management systems, and by complying with all applicable health and safety laws and regulations. The Company acknowledges that there are inherent risks associated with the Company’s business and, through proactive risk management, continuously strives to maximize the safety of its operations and minimize and control health and safety risks.

The Company’s safety framework emphasizes effective risk-centered management systems, positive and effective work cultures and proactive leadership to drive culture enhancement. The Company focuses on balancing the human and technical aspects of safety: blending leadership behaviors with traditional management activities to create a safe, productive culture. The Company ensures that its workers understand their individual roles and contributions to safe production and a safe workplace. In this way, the Company’s employees maintain safety awareness, recognize hazards and analyze risk in their daily activities. The technical aspects of safety are addressed through established systems, policies and procedures that enable the Company's employees to identify and assess job-related risks, and that support our efforts to provide appropriate training and verify training competencies. Performance measurement and accountability provides feedback and maintains focus on continuous improvement.

As part of the Company’s commitment to being a responsible corporate citizen, the Company recognizes the important role and responsibility it has in respecting the human rights of its stakeholders. The Company has adopted a Human Rights Policy, available on the Company’s website, which is aligned with the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, the United Nations Global Compact, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. This includes support and respect for the human rights expressed in the International Bill of Human Rights and the principles concerning fundamental rights set out in the International Labour Organization’s Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work.

Certain statements contained in this report (including information incorporated by reference herein) are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and are intended to be covered by the safe harbor provided for under these sections. Forward looking statements can be identified with words such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “estimate,” “projects,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue” and similar expressions, as well as statements written in the future tense. When made, forward-looking statements are based on information known to management at such time and/or management’s good faith belief with respect to future events. Such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in the Company's forward-looking statements. Many of these factors are beyond the Company's ability to control or predict. Given these uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation:

The above list is not exhaustive of the factors that may affect any of the Company’s forward-looking statements and information, and such statements and information will not be updated to reflect events or circumstances arising after the date of such statements or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events.

The Company's business activities are subject to significant risks, including those described below. You should carefully consider these risks. If any of the described risks actually occurs, the Company's business, financial position and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. Such risks are not the only ones faced by the Company and additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect the Company's business. This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The Company's actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including the risks described below. See “Cautionary Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements.”

The Company is subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties, including risks related to the Company's operations and business, financial risks and risks related to the Company's indebtedness, risks related to the Company's industry and the jurisdictions in which we operate, risks related to our personnel, risks related to governmental regulation and legal proceedings and risks related to ownership of Company equity, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow. The following is a summary of the principal risks faced by the Company, including, but not limited to:

The Company has prepared estimates of future production, operating costs and capital costs for Çöpler, Marigold, Seabee and Puna, and the Company’s technical studies and reports for the Company’s projects, including the Çöpler District Master Plan 2021 Technical Report Summary, as amended, the Marigold 2021 Technical Report Summary, as amended, the Seabee 2021 Technical Report Summary, as amended, and the Puna 2021 Technical Report Summary, as amended, contain estimates of future production, development plans, operating and capital costs and other economic and technical estimates relating to these projects. These estimates are based on a variety of factors and assumptions and there is no assurance that such production, plans, costs or other estimates will be achieved. Actual production, costs and financial returns may vary significantly from the estimates depending on a variety of factors many of which are not within the Company’s control. These factors include, but are not limited to: actual ore mined varying from estimates of grade, tonnage, dilution, metallurgical and other characteristics; short-term operating factors such as the need for sequential development of ore bodies and the processing of new or different ore grades from those planned; mine failures, slope failures or equipment failures; industrial accidents; natural phenomena such as inclement weather conditions, inadequate ice thickness for an ice road at Seabee, floods, droughts, wildfires, rock slides and earthquakes; encountering unusual or unexpected geological conditions; changes in power costs and potential power shortages; exchange rate and commodity price fluctuations; shortages of principal supplies needed for operations, including explosives, fuels, chemical reagents, water, equipment parts and lubricants; labor shortages or strikes; epidemics, pandemics and public health emergencies, including those related to the recent outbreak of COVID-19; high rates of inflation; civil disobedience and protests; and restrictions (including changes to the taxation regime) or regulations imposed by governmental or regulatory authorities, including permitting and environmental regulations, or other changes in the regulatory environments. Failure to achieve estimates or material increases in costs could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s future cash flows, profitability, results of operations and financial condition.

The Company’s profitability and long-term viability and the economic feasibility of its mineral properties depend, in large part, on the market price of gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc. The market prices for these metals are volatile and are affected by numerous factors beyond the Company’s control, including:

In addition, a decrease in the market price of gold, silver and other metals would affect the profitability of Çöpler, Marigold, Seabee and Puna Operations and could affect the Company’s ability to finance the exploration and development of any of the Company’s other mineral properties. The market price of gold, silver and other metals may not remain at current levels. In particular, an increase in worldwide supply, and consequential downward pressure on prices, may result over the longer term from increased gold or silver production from mines developed or expanded as a result of current metal price levels.

Furthermore, sustained lower gold, silver, copper, zinc, lead or other metal prices may:

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted the Company’s operations since 2020, including production and operating income, as well as temporary suspension of operations at Seabee and Puna. While allPuna in 2020. Although no operational shut downs took place at any of the Company's properties in 2021 or 2022, the Company’s mines are currently operating at expected levels the health and safety protocols that the Company has implemented for the protection ofreopened its employees and other stakeholders are adding costs and impacting the efficiency of the Company's operations. Therecorporate offices in 2022 at full capacity, there is no assurance that the operations at any or all of the Company's mines will not be the subject of new or additional restrictions, protocols, suspensions or closures, in whole or in part, in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business.

The Company has implemented what it believes to be the necessary protocols in each of the jurisdictions in which it operates in order to adequately respond to possible new developments relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, including to further protect the health and safety of its workforce, their families and neighboring communities. However, with the uncertainties surrounding the continued development of the COVID-19 pandemic, including in connection with existing or new variants of COVID-19, and the resulting implications globally, there is no assurance that any protocols that have been or that may be put in place will mitigate the risks or that they will not cause the Company to experience less favorable economic and/or health and safety outcomes.

Finally, while the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted the Company’s operations in the short term, it is difficult to predict the long-term impact on the global economy, which could in turn materially adversely affect our operations, financial results and/or liquidity position. The prolonged exposure ofIn particular, government processes were slowed or delayed, including permitting, over the last two years, which impacted the Company's business and the economy to the impacts of COVID-19 may exacerbate many of the risks thatoperations as the Company is subjectregularly seeking additional permits and land access for possible growth. Although government processes are returning to includingactivity levels we experienced in the past, a return of the restricted government processes that we experience during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic could have a negative impact on the growth of our business.

COVID-19 exposed the Company to many of the risks described in this report, and expose the Company to the following:including operational and supply chain delays and disruptions, labor shortages, social unrest, breach of material contracts and customer agreements, increased insurance premiums and/or taxes, increased supplier and contractor expenses, decreased demand or the inability to sell and deliver precious metals, declines in the price of precious metals, delays in permitting or approvals, governmental disruptions, international economic and political conditions, international or regional consumptive patterns, expectations on inflation or deflation, interest rates, capital markets volatility, or other unknown but potentially significant impacts, including the possibility of a significant protracted economic downturn, including a global recession. These factorsA return of the various restrictions, orders, protocols and shutdowns that were imposed in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic will again expose the company to these risks, which may impact, among other things, the Company’s operating plans, production, liquidity and cash flows, valuation of its long-lived assets, the broader market and the trading price of SSR Mining’s common shares.

The Company must continually replace its depleted mineral reserves to maintain production levels over the long term. Mineral reserves can be replaced by expanding known ore bodies, locating new deposits or making acquisitions. There is a risk that depletion of the Company’s mineral reserves will not be offset by discoveries or acquisitions. The Company’s mineral base may decline if mineral reserves are mined without adequate replacement and the Company may not be able to sustain production beyond the current mine lives, based on current production rates. If the Company’s mineral reserves are not replaced either by the development of additional mineral reserves and/or additions to mineral reserves, there may be an adverse impact on the Company’s future cash flows, earnings, results of operations and financial condition, and this may be compounded by requirements to expend funds for reclamation and decommissioning.

The Company’s future growth and productivity will depend, in part, on its ability to identify and acquire additional commercially mineable mineral rights, and on the costs and results of continued exploration and potential development programs. Mineral exploration is highly speculative in nature and is frequently non-productive. Most exploration projects do not result in the discovery of commercially mineable ore deposits, and there is no assurance that any anticipated or estimated level of recovery of mineral reserves will be realized or that any identified mineral deposit will ever qualify as a commercially mineable (or viable) orebody that can be legally and economically exploited. Once a site with mineralization is discovered, it may take several years from the initial phases of drilling until production is possible, during which time the economic feasibility of production may change. Substantial expenditures are also required to establish proven and/or probable mineral reserves and to construct mining and processing facilities. Material changes in mineral reserves, grades, stripping ratios or recovery rates may affect the economic viability of any project. As a result, there is no assurance that current or future exploration programs will be successful.

The Company may consider, from time to time, the acquisition of ore reserves from third parties. Such acquisitions are typically based on an analysis of a variety of factors including, but not limited to, historical operating results, estimates of and assumptions regarding the extent of ore reserves, the timing of production from such reserves, cash and other operating costs and the Company's assumptions for future gold, silver, copper, zinc or lead prices or other mineral prices. In connection with any acquisitions, the Company may rely on data and reports prepared by third parties, which may contain information or data that the Company is unable to independently verify or confirm. Other than historical operating results, all of these factors are uncertain and may have an impact on the Company's revenue, cash flow and other operating issues, as well as contributing to the uncertainties related to the process used to estimate ore reserves. In addition, there may be intense competition for the acquisition of ore reserves and/or attractive mining properties. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to successfully acquire any desired ore reserves or mining properties.

There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of mineral reserves and grades of mineralization, including many factors beyond the Company’s control. In making determinations about whether to advance any of the Company’s projects to development or to mine existing mineral reserves, the Company must rely upon estimated calculations as to the mineral reserves and grades of mineralization on its properties. Until ore is actually mined and processed, mineral reserves and grades of mineralization must be considered as estimates only. These estimates are imprecise and depend upon geological interpretation and statistical inferences drawn from drilling and sampling, which may prove to be unreliable. The Company cannot assure that mineral reserves, mineral resources or other mineralization estimates will be accurate, or that mineralization can be mined or processed profitably. Actual operating and capital cost and economic returns on projects may differ significantly from original estimates. Further, it may take many years from the initial phases of exploration until commencement of production, during which time, the economic feasibility of production may change.

Any material changes in mineral reserves estimates and grades of mineralization will affect the economic viability of placing a property into production and a property’s return on capital. The Company’s estimates of mineral reserves and mineral resources have been determined and valued based on assumed future prices, cut-off grades and operating costs that may prove to be inaccurate. Extended declines in market prices for gold, silver and other precious metals may render portions of the Company’s mineralization uneconomic and result in reduced reported mineral reserves or mineral resources.

Any material reductions in estimates of mineralization, or of the Company’s ability to extract this mineralization, including estimates made in the Çöpler District Master Plan 2021 Technical Report Summary, as amended, the Marigold 2021 Technical Report Summary, as amended, the Seabee 2021 Technical Report Summary, as amended, and the Puna 2021 Technical Report Summary, as amended, and the technical reports for the Company’s additional projects, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. There is no assurance that mineral recovery rates achieved in small scale tests will be duplicated in large scale tests under on-site conditions or in production scale. If our reserve estimations are required to be revised using significantly lower gold, silver, zinc, lead and other metal prices as a result of a decrease in commodity prices, increases in operating costs, reductions in metallurgical recovery or other modifying factors, this could result in material write-downs of our investment in mining properties or increased amortization, reclamation and closure charges.

Costs at any particular mining location are subject to variation due to a number of factors, such as variable ore grade, changing metallurgy and revisions to mine plans in response to the physical shape and location of the ore body, as well as the age and utilization rates for the mining and processing related facilities and equipment. In addition, costs are affected by the price and availability of input commodities, such as fuel, electricity, labor, chemical reagents, explosives, steel, concrete and mining and processing related equipment and facilities. Commodity costs are, at times, subject to volatile price movements, including increases that could make production at certain operations less profitable. Further, changes in laws and regulations can affect commodity prices, uses and transport. Reported costs may also be affected by changes in accounting standards. A material increase in costs at any significant location could have a significant effect on our profitability and operating cash flow.

We could have significant increases in capital and operating costs over the next several years in connection with the development of new projects and in the sustaining and/or expansion of existing mining and processing operations. Costs associated with capital expenditures may increase in the future as a result of factors beyond our control. Increased capital expenditures may have an adverse effect on the profitability of and cash flow generated from existing operations, as well as the economic returns anticipated from new projects.

Our mining operations and development projects require significant amounts of energy. Increasing global demand for energy, concerns about nuclear power and the limited growth of new energy sources are affecting the price and supply of energy. A variety of factors, including higher energy usage in emerging market economies, actual and

proposed taxation of carbon emissions as well as concerns surrounding unrest and potential and actual conflict in the Middle East and Ukraine, could result in increased demand or limited supply of energy and/or sharply escalating diesel fuel, gasoline, natural gas and other energy prices. Additionally, changes in energy laws and regulations in various jurisdictions may impact energy dispatch rules and the ability to access energy and sell excess energy. Limitations on energy supply and increased energy prices could negatively impact our operating costs and cash flow.

Our principal energy sources are electricity, purchased petroleum products, natural gas and coal. Some of our operations are in remote locations requiring long distance transmission of power, and in some locations we compete with other companies for access to third party power generators or electrical supply networks. As our operations move towards lower greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions targets, power sources and technology at our operations will continue to be evaluated. Certain of our operations may become more dependent upon access to electrical power supply as certain mines move towards electrification. A disruption in the transmission of energy, inadequate energy transmission infrastructure or the termination of any of our energy supply contracts could interrupt our energy supply and adversely affect our operations.

The Company’s ability to mine, process and sell products is critical to our operations. The Company’s operations depend on the continued availability of energy, water, equipment and labor, the costs of which are subject to worldwide supply and demand as well as other factors beyond the Company’s control. Supply chain disruptions, power outages, labor disputes and/or strikes, geopolitical activity, weather events and natural disasters and global health risks or pandemics could seriously harm the Company’s operations as well as the operations of the Company’s customers and suppliers. Likewise, disruptions in the transportation and delivery of products may impact our ability to sell our products and deliver them to our customers on time. In addition, the costs of transporting materials and products through our chain of sourcing and production may increase, and such increases could be significant. Further, the Company’s suppliers may experience capacity limitations in their own operations or may elect to reduce or eliminate certain product lines. To address this risk, generally, the Company seeks to have many sources of supply for key materials in order to avoid significant dependence on any one or a few suppliers, however, prices charged for such key materials by suppliers may differ substantially and obtaining key materials from different suppliers may impact the Company's costs. Although there can be no assurance that such mitigation efforts will prevent future difficulty in obtaining sufficient and timely delivery of certain materials, the Company believes it has adequate programs to ensure a reliable supply of key materials.

Failure to take adequate steps to mitigate the likelihood or potential impact of such disruptions, or to effectively manage such disruptions if they occur, could adversely affect our business and results of operations, as well as require additional resources to restore our global supply chain. Any of these factors could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition.

The Company recognizes the right to clean, safe water and that reliable water supplies are vital for hygiene, sanitation, livelihoods and the health of the environment. Across the globe, water is a shared and regulated resource. Water is also critical to the Company's business, and the increasing pressure on water resources requires us to consider both current and future conditions in our water management approach. SSR Mining operates in areas where watersheds are under stress with limited supply, increasing population and water demand that impact water in various forms. The Company's management of water-related risks targets the specific areas of operation, as well as considering the physical environment and social and regulatory context. Although each of the Company's operations currently has sufficient water rights, claims and contracts to cover its operational demands, the potential outcome of pending or future legal proceedings or community negotiations relating to water rights, claims, contracts and uses is unknown and unpredictable. Further, laws and regulations may be introduced in certain operational jurisdictions, which could limit the Company's access to sufficient water resources. Water shortages may also result from weather or environmental changes and climate impacts out of the Company’s control. While the Company has considered and incorporated systems to address the impact of the dry season as part of its operating plans, there is no assurance that those systems will be sufficient to address all shortages in water supply. Any interruption or shortage of water supplies could require the Company to curtail or shut down mining production and could prevent the Company from pursuing expansion opportunities, resulting in production and processing delays or stoppages.

Any adverse condition affecting mining or processing conditions at a Company property could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial performance and results of operations. The future development of any other properties found to be economically feasible and approved by the Company’s Board of Directors will require the construction and operation of mines, processing plants and related infrastructure. As a result, the Company is and will continue to be subject to all of the risks associated with establishing new mining operations, including:

The costs, timing and complexities of operating the Company's existing operations and constructing and developing the Company’s other projects may be greater than the Company anticipates. The majority of the Company's established and development property interests are not located in developed areas and, as a result, the Company’s property interests may not be served by appropriate road access, water and power supply and other support infrastructure. Cost estimates may also increase as more detailed engineering work is completed on a project.

Properties not yet in production or slated for expansion are subject to higher risks, as new mining operations often experience unexpected problems during the construction and start-up phase, and production delays and cost adjustments can often occur. Further, feasibility studies, pre-feasibility studies and preliminary economic assessments contain project-specific estimates of future production, which are based on a variety of factors and assumptions. There is no assurance that such estimates will be achieved and the failure to achieve production or cost estimates or material increases in costs could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s future cash flows, profitability, results of operations and financial condition and the Company’s share price.

In addition, developments are prone to material cost overruns versus budget. The capital expenditures and time required to develop new mines, including building mining and processing facilities for new properties, are considerable, and changes in cost or construction schedules can significantly increase both the time and capital required to build the mine. The project development schedules are also dependent on obtaining the governmental approvals and permits necessary for the operation of a mine, which is often beyond the Company’s control. It is not unusual in the mining industry for new mining operations to experience unexpected problems during the start-up phase, resulting in delays and requiring more capital than anticipated. There is no assurance that there will be sufficient availability of funds to finance construction and development activities, particularly if unexpected problems arise.

The Company’s production forecasts are based on full production rates being achieved at all of the Company’s mines. The Company’s ability to achieve and maintain full production rates at these mines is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. Future development activities may not result in the expansion or replacement of current production forecasts with new production forecasts. One or more new projects may be less profitable than anticipated or may not be profitable at all. Any reduction in production forecasts could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial position.

Although variable depending on location and the governing authority, land reclamation, mine closure and remediation requirements are generally imposed on mining companies in order to minimize long-term effects of land disturbance. Such requirements may include requirements to control dispersion of potentially deleterious effluents, and reasonably re-establish pre-disturbance landforms and vegetation.

The laws and regulations governing mine closure and reclamation in a particular jurisdiction are subject to review at any time and may be amended to impose additional requirements and conditions. Any additional obligations may cause our provisions for environmental liabilities to be underestimated and could materially affect our financial position or results of operations. In addition, regulators are increasingly requesting security in the form of cash collateral, credit, trust arrangements or guarantees to secure the performance of environmental obligations, which could have an adverse effect on our financial position. For a more detailed description of potential environmental liabilities, see the discussion in Environmental Matters in Notes 6 and 1921 to the consolidated financial statements.Consolidated Financial Statements.

Under the U.S. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (“CERCLA”) and its state law equivalents, current or former owners of properties may be held jointly and severally liable for the costs of site cleanup or required to undertake remedial actions in response to unpermitted releases of hazardous substances at such property, in addition to, among other potential consequences, liability to governmental entities for the cost of damages to natural resources, which may be significant. These subject properties are referred to as “superfund” sites. While no operations are currently so designated, it is possible that certain of our other current or former operations in the U.S. could be designated as a superfund site in the future, exposing us to potential liability under CERCLA.

In order to carry out reclamation, mine closure and remediation obligations imposed on the Company in connection with its exploration, potential development and production activities, the Company must allocate financial resources that might otherwise be spent on further exploration and development programs, including providing the appropriate regulatory authorities with reclamation financial assurance. The amount and nature of the financial assurance are dependent upon a number of factors, including the Company’s financial condition and reclamation cost estimates, and can be difficult to predict, particularly water remediation requirements which may be ongoing and long lasting. Changes to these amounts, as well as the nature of the collateral to be provided, could significantly increase the Company’s costs, making the maintenance and development of existing and new mines less economically feasible. To the extent that the value of the collateral provided to the regulatory authorities is or becomes insufficient to cover the amount of financial assurance the Company is required to post, the Company would be required to replace or supplement the existing security with more expensive forms of security, which might include cash deposits, which would reduce the Company’s cash available for operations and financing activities. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to maintain or add to the Company’s current level of financial assurance. The Company may not have sufficient capital resources to further supplement the Company’s existing security.

materially higher than current estimates. Any additional amounts required to be spent on reclamation and mine closure may have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial position and results of operations and may cause the Company to alter the Company’s operations.

The Company’s facilities depend on delivery of supplies of consumables (including diesel, tires, sodium cyanide and reagents) and capital items delivery to operate efficiently. At Seabee, supplies are delivered to site across a seasonal ice road. If the Company experiences prolonged disruption to the delivery of such consumables, the Company’s production efficiency and ability to effectively complete capital projects requiring such deliveries may be reduced. Separately, if the seasonal ice road becomes unusable or unavailable for any reason, the Company may incur significant costs to arrange alternative transportation, if such alternative transportation is even available or possible. There can be no assurance that these transportation risks will not have an adverse effect on any site, particularly Seabee, and therefore on the Company’s profitability.

In addition, ore mined at the Chinchillas property is loaded onto road trucks and transported approximately 45 kilometers to the Pirquitas processing facilities. Transportation of such ore is subject to numerous risks including, but not limited to, roadblocks, terrorism, interruption by domesticated and non-domesticated herding animals, theft, weather conditions, environmental liabilities in the event of an accident or spill, inability to transport ore in oversized loads, personal injury and loss of life. The Company is also subject to the risk of a potential interruption of business from a third party beyond the Company’s control, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations and revenues.

The Company has entered into agreements with third parties for hardware, software, telecommunications and other information technology (“IT”) services in connection with its operations. The Company’s operations depend, in part, on how well the Company and its suppliers protect networks, equipment, IT systems and software against damage from a number of threats, including, but not limited to, cable cuts, damage to physical plants, natural disasters, terrorism, fire, power loss, hacking, computer viruses, vandalism and theft. Cybersecurity risk is increasingly difficult to identify and quantify and cannot be fully mitigated because of the rapidly evolving nature of the threats, targets and consequences. Additionally, unauthorized parties may attempt to gain access to these systems or our information through fraud or other means of deceiving our third-party service providers, employees or vendors. In November 2022, Anagold, the Company's Turkish subsidiary, was the target of a ransomware attack. The attack did not cause any serious disruption to the Company's or Anagold's operations. Following the incident, the Company has taken and will continue to take additional steps designed to further protect its networks and its information.

Given the unpredictability of the timing, nature and scope of information technologycybersecurity attacks or other IT disruptions, we could potentially beit is difficult to predict how such disruptions may impact our business. However, cybersecurity attacks or IT disruptions subject us to, among other things, production downtimes, operational delays, the compromising of confidential or otherwise protected information, destruction or corruption of data, security breaches, other manipulation or improper use of our systems and networks or financial losses from remedial actions. Outages in our operational technology may affect operations related to health and safety and could result in putting lives at risk of harm or death. In addition, as technologies evolve and cybersecurity attacks continue to become more sophisticated, we may incur significant costs to upgrade or enhance our security measures to protect against such attacks and we may face difficulties in fully anticipating or implementing adequate preventive measures or mitigating potential harm, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows, competitive position, financial condition or results of operations. For instance, we review our cybersecurity controls against actual and current industry threats and partner with security vendors to assist with protecting our network and data resources through activities such as penetration and vulnerability testing, assessments against current cybersecurity standards, and leveraging industry recommendations from both independent vendors as well as industry partners. These efforts are designed to address any remediation actions through our ongoing cyber security program. Such efforts may incur significant costs and yet prove insufficient to deter future cybersecurity attacks or prevent all security breaches.

The Company’s operations also depend on the timely maintenance, upgrade and replacement of networks, equipment, IT systems and software, as well as pre-emptive expenses to mitigate the risks of failures. Any of these and other events could result in information system failures, delays and/or increase in capital and operating expenses. The failure of information systems or a component of information systems could, depending on the nature of any such failure, adversely impact the Company’s reputation and results of operations.

Market events and conditions, including the disruptions in the international credit markets and other financial systems, recession or fears of recession, along with political instability and fluctuation of currency prices expressed in USD, CAD, TL, ARS, or the currency of any other location in which the Company operates may result in commodity price volatility. These conditions have, at times, caused a loss of confidence in global credit markets, resulting in the collapse of, and/or government intervention in, major banks, financial institutions and insurers, and creating a climate of greater volatility, tighter regulations, less liquidity, widening credit spreads, less price transparency, increased credit losses and tighter credit conditions. Notwithstanding various actions by governments, concerns about the general condition of the capital markets, financial instruments, banks and investment banks, insurers and other financial institutions may cause the broader credit markets to be volatile and interest rates to remain low.continue to fluctuate. In addition, an increase in price levels generally, or in price levels in a particular sector such as the energy sector (such as current inflation related to domestic and global supply chain issues, which has led to both overall price increases and pronounced price increases in certain sectors) could result in a shift in demand for metals, which could adversely affect our revenues and, at the same time, increase our costs. These events are illustrative of the effect that events beyond the Company’s control may have on commodity prices, demand for metals, including gold, silver, zinc and lead, availability of credit, investor confidence, and general financial market liquidity, all of which may adversely affect the Company’s business.

The mining industry is intensely competitive in all phases and the Company competes with many companies, several of which possess greater financial and technical resources than itself. Competition in the base and precious metals mining industry is primarily for mineral rich properties which can be developed and produced economically; the human resources and technical expertise to find, develop, and operate such properties; the labor to operate the properties; and the capital for the purpose of funding such properties. Many competitors not only explore for and mine precious metals, but also conduct refining and marketing operations on a world-wide basis. Such competition may result in the Company being unable to acquire desired properties, recruit or retain qualified employees or acquire the capital necessary to fund its operations and develop its properties. Existing or future competition in the mining industry could materially adversely affect the Company’s prospects for mineral exploration and success in the future.

As part of the Company’s business strategy, it has sought and will continue to seek new operating, development and exploration opportunities in the mining industry. In pursuit of such opportunities, the Company may fail to select appropriate acquisition candidates or negotiate acceptable arrangements, including arrangements to finance acquisitions or integrate the acquired opportunities into the Company's existing business. The Company cannot provide assurance that it can complete any acquisition or business arrangement that it pursues, or is pursuing, on favorable terms, if at all, or that any acquisitions or business arrangements completed will ultimately benefit its business. Further, any acquisition the Company makes will require a significant amount of time and attention of the Company's management, as well as resources that otherwise could be spent on the operation and development of its existing business.

The Company has joint venture arrangements in respect of certain of its properties, including its properties in Turkey.Türkiye. Although the Company expects relations with its joint venture and strategic partners to remain positive, contractual or other disputes may arise that may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or its ability to develop and operate its assets. Furthermore, the Company has inherently less control when it is not

the operator of a project subject to a joint venture agreement, even if the Company has a controlling interest under a joint venture agreement. In such instances, the contractual terms of the agreement may limit the Company’s ability to influence the operation of the project.

From time to time, as partial or full consideration for the Company’s disposition of assets, the Company may receive certain deferred cash or enter into long-term royalty arrangements, including net smelter royalties. The Company cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be able to realize the full value of any deferred cash or royalty interests.

Damage to the Company’s reputation can be the result of the actual or perceived occurrence of any number of events, and could include negative publicity, whether true or not. The increased use of social media and other web-based tools to generate, publish and discuss user-generated content and to connect with other users has made it increasingly easier for individuals and groups to communicate and share opinions and views regarding the Company and its activities, whether true or not. In recent years, social media has grown to rival or even dominate traditional media outlets in reach and dissemination of information. This has resulted in an environment of information overload which is frequently infiltrated by fabricated and fraudulent information. Fabricated and fraudulent information articles multiply rapidly and act as narratives that omit or add information to facts. Social media may be the primary source of news and information in certain regions in which the Company conducts business, and traditional media outlets may pick up social media-based stories and further disseminate information beyond social media platforms. In this environment, false or fabricated information about the Company and its business may travel more quickly than the Company can issue or disseminate the truth.

The Company does not ultimately have direct control over how it is perceived by othersothers. Fabricated and fraudulent news articles may be misinterpreted as true and may lead to increased public scrutiny on the Company. Such increased public scrutiny may also lead to increased governmental or regulatory scrutiny, whether deserved or not, leading to potential reputational damage to the Company. Reputational damage, real or perceived, could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial performance, financial condition, cash flows and growth prospects.

The Company’s business is subject to a number of risks and hazards generally, including adverse environmental conditions, industrial accidents, labor disputes, unusual or unexpected geological conditions, ground or slope failures, cave-ins, mechanical failures, changes in the regulatory environment and natural phenomena such as inclement weather conditions, fires, floods, hurricanes and earthquakes. Such occurrences could result in damage to mineral properties or production facilities, personal injury or death, environmental damage to the Company’s properties or the properties of others, delays in mining, monetary losses and possible legal liability.

Although the Company maintains insurance to protect against certain risks in such amounts as it considers reasonable, the Company’s insurance will not cover all of the potential risks associated with a mining company’s operations. The Company may also be unable to maintain insurance to cover these risks at economically feasible premiums. Insurance coverage may not continue to be available or may not be adequate to cover any resulting liability. Moreover, insurance against risks such as loss of title to mineral property, environmental pollution, or other hazards as a result of exploration and production is not generally available to the Company or to other companies in the mining industry on acceptable terms. The Company might also become subject to liability for pollution or other hazards which may not be insured against or which it may elect not to insure against because of premium costs or other reasons. Losses from these events may cause the Company to incur significant costs that could have a material adverse effect upon its financial performance and results of operations.

There is no assurance that the Company will, in the future and where necessary, be successful in entering into arrangements to sell the Company’s doré or concentrates on acceptable terms, or at all. If the Company is not successful in entering into such arrangements, the Company may be forced to sell some or all of the Company’s products, or greater volumes of them than the Company may from time to time intend, in the spot market, or the Company may not have a market for its products and the Company’s future operating results may be materially adversely impacted as a result.

In addition, the Company may become subject to such market limitations and/or complications should any counterparty to any of the Company’s arrangements not honor such arrangement or should any of such counterparties become insolvent. Moreover, there is no assurance that the Company will be able to renew any agreements the Company has in place to sell doré or concentrates when such agreements expire, that the Company will be able to enter into any new or additional sale agreements, or that the Company’s doré or concentrates will meet the qualitative and/or quantitative requirements under supply agreements or of existing or future buyers.

The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents primarily in USD. The Company’s revenues are in USD, while certain of the Company’s costs will be incurred in other currencies. Any appreciation in the currencies of Turkey,Türkiye, Canada, Argentina, or any other country in which the Company carries out exploration or development activities against the USD will increase the Company’s costs of carrying on operations in such countries. In addition, any decrease in the TL, CAD, ARS, or the currency of any other country in which the Company operates, against the USD will result in a loss on the Company’s books to the extent the Company holds funds or net monetary or non-monetary assets denominated in those currencies.

From time to time, countries in which the Company operates may adopt measures to restrict the availability of the local currency or the repatriation of capital across borders or enact tax rate changes designed to restrict fund movement across borders. These measures are imposed by governments or central banks, in some cases during times of economic instability, to prevent the removal of capital or the sudden devaluation of local currencies or to maintain in-country foreign currency reserves. In addition, many emerging markets countries require consents or reporting processes before local currency earnings can be converted into USD or other currencies and/or such earnings can be repatriated or otherwise transferred outside of the operating jurisdiction. These measures may have a number of negative effects on SSR Mining, reducing the immediately available capital that we could otherwise deploy for investment opportunities or the payment of expenses. In addition, measures that restrict the availability of the local currency or impose a requirement to operate in the local currency may create other practical difficulties for SSR Mining. As a result, the Company’s financial performance and forecasts may be significantly impacted by changes in foreign exchange rates.

Certain of the Company's operations are located in countries that have in the past experiencedand are currently experiencing high rates of inflation. It is possible that in the future, high inflation in the countries in which we operate may result in an increase in operational costs in local currencies (without a concurrent devaluation of the local currency of operations against the dollar or an increase in the dollar price of gold, silver, copper, zinc or lead). Maintaining operating costs in currencies subject to significant inflation could expose us to risks relating to devaluation and high domestic inflation. Country-specific inflation rates are often volatile and unpredictable, and global inflation rates rose consistently at the end of 2021 as a result of numerous global economic factors and the continuing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. For instance, in Argentina, the level of inflation during 20192022 reached 53.8%, and the94.8%. The level of inflation in Turkey has fluctuated drastically over the end of 2021 and beginning ofTürkiye reached 72% during 2022, significantly impacting the value of the Turkish lira and precipitating Turkish governmental efforts to offset inflation impacts and restore the value of the lira, including lowering central bank interest rates. Significantly higher and sustained rates of inflation, with subsequent increases in operational costs, could result in the deferral or closure of projects and mines in the event that operating costs become prohibitive. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.

Precious metals prices, foreign currency rates, and costs of materials and consumables associated with exploration, development and mining activities are subject to frequent, unpredictable and substantial volatility which is beyond the Company’s control. The Company currently haspreviously engaged in an interest rate hedge in place in relation to its Term Loan and the Company may engage in further additional

hedging activities in the future. Hedging activities are intended to mitigate exposure to fluctuations in the price of precious metals, foreign currencies, materials and consumables. Certain precious metals hedging strategies may protect a company against lower prices, but they may also limit the price that can be realized on precious metal that is subject to forward sales and call options where the market price of gold exceeds the gold price in a forward sale or call option contract. Similarly, hedges of foreign currencies, materials and consumables may protect a company against adverse currency variances and rising costs but may result in losses if currency rates and costs move counter to a company’s hedge position. Hedging activities may be uneconomic due to numerous factors and no assurances can be made that hedging will effectively mitigate risks as intended.

Potential future investments, including projects in the Company’s project pipeline, acquisitions and other investments, will require significant funds for capital expenditures. The continuation of production, development and exploration activities, if any, will depend on the Company’s ability to generate sufficient operating cash flows from its mining operations and to obtain additional external financing where necessary. Depending on gold, silver, copper, zinc and lead prices, the Company's operating cash flow may not be sufficient to meet all of these expenditures, depending on the timing of development and other projects. As a result, new sources of capital may be needed to fund investments, ongoing business activities, construction and operation of potential future projects and exploration projects, in addition to funding possible share repurchase transactions and paying dividends. The Company's ability to raise and service significant new sources of capital will be a function of macroeconomic conditions, future gold, silver, copper, zinc and lead prices as well as the Company's operational performance, current cash flow and debt position, among other factors. Failure to obtain sufficient financing could result in the delay or indefinite postponement of exploration, development or production on any or all of its projects. There can be no assurance that additional capital or other types of financing will be available if needed or that, if available, the

terms of such financing will be favorable. Alternatively, the Company may determine that it may be necessary or preferable to issue additional equity or other securities, defer projects or sell assets in the future to meet the Company's capital needs.

The Company's ability to make scheduled payments or to refinance our debt obligations and to fund our planned capital expenditures and other ongoing liquidity needs depends on our financial and operating performance, which is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business and other factors beyond our control. There can be no assurance that the Company's business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that borrowings will be available to us to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on our debt or to fund our other liquidity needs. The Company may need to refinance all or a portion of its debt on or before maturity, but there is no assurance that the Company will be able to refinance any debt on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.

If cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund the Company's debt service obligations, it may be forced to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures or to sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance our debt. The Company's ability to restructure or refinance its debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of the Company's debt could be at higher interest rates and may require the Company to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict business operations. The terms of existing or future debt instruments, including the indenture governing the 2019 Notes, the Amended Credit FacilityAgreement and the Term Loan, may restrict us from adopting some of these alternatives. In addition, any failure to make payments of interest and principal on outstanding debt on a timely basis would likely result in a reduction of the Company's credit rating, which could harm our ability to incur additional debt.

The Company and its subsidiaries may incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future. If new debt is added to the Company and/or its subsidiaries’ existing debt levels, the existing risks associated with the Company’s aggregate debt would necessarily increase.

The Company’s subsidiary, Anagold Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret Anonim Şirketi, is party to the Term Loan assumed through the Company’s 2020 merger with Alacer Gold Corp. In addition, the Company is party to the Amended Credit Facility.Agreement. The Company's ability to make scheduled payments on or refinance its debt obligations under the Term Loan and Amended Credit FacilityAgreement depends on its financial condition and operating performance, which are subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business, legislative, regulatory and other factors beyond its control. The Company may be unable to maintain a level of cash flows from operating activities sufficient to permit the Company to pay the principal, premium (if any) and interest on its indebtedness. If the Company’s cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund its debt service obligations, it could face substantial liquidity problems and could be forced to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures or to dispose of material assets or operations, seek additional debt or equity capital or restructure or refinance its indebtedness. The Company may not be able to affect any such alternative measures on commercially reasonable terms or at all and, even if successful, those alternatives may not allow it to meet its scheduled debt service obligations. The Term Loan and the Amended Credit FacilityAgreement will restrict the Company's ability to dispose of assets and use the proceeds from those dispositions and may also restrict its ability to raise debt or equity capital to be used to repay other indebtedness when it becomes due. The Company may not be able to consummate those dispositions or to obtain proceeds in an amount sufficient to meet any debt service obligations then due.

Under the 2019 Notes, the Company has made various covenants to the trustees on behalf of the holders of such notes, including to make payments of interest and principal when due and, upon undergoing a fundamental change, to offer to purchase all of the outstanding 2019 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. Furthermore, if an event of default were to occur under the Term Loan, Amended Credit FacilityAgreement or 2019 Notes, this would place additional strain on the Company’s cash resources, which could inhibit its ability to further the Company’s exploration and development activities.

The Company currently conducts operations in the United States, Turkey,Türkiye, Canada and Argentina, and has development and exploration assets in the United States, Turkey,Türkiye, Canada, Mexico and Peru; as such, the Company is exposed to various levels of economic, political and other risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties vary from country to country and include, but are not limited to: royalties and tax increases or claims by governmental bodies; expropriation or nationalization; employee profit-sharing requirements; foreign exchange controls; restrictions on repatriation of profits; import and export regulations; cancellation or renegotiation of contracts; changing fiscal regimes and uncertain regulatory environments; fluctuations in currency exchange rates; high rates of inflation; changes in royalty and tax regimes, including the elimination of tax exemptions;

underdeveloped industrial and economic infrastructure; unenforceability of contractual rights and judgments; loss of social license to operate resulting from a decline in societal support for the industry; loss of critical services such as power and water; and environmental permitting regulations. The occurrence of these various factors and uncertainties cannot be accurately predicted and could adversely affect the Company’s business.

Furthermore, the introduction of new tax laws, regulations or rules, or changes to, or differing interpretation of, or application of, existing tax laws, regulations or rules in any of the countries in which the Company’s operations or business is located, could result in an increase in its taxes, or other governmental charges, duties or impositions. No assurance can be given that new tax laws, rules or regulations will not be enacted or that existing tax laws will not be changed, interpreted or applied in a manner that could result in the Company’s profits being subject to additional taxation or that could otherwise have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Additionally, the taking of property by nationalization or expropriation without adequate compensation is a risk in certain jurisdictions in which the Company has operations. Expropriation, or the threat of expropriation, is often the result of poor economic conditions within a country or has underlying political rationales. Although the Company does not presently anticipate that any of its properties will be the subject of expropriation, there can be no assurance that this will not occur. Such governmental actions may have an adverse impact on the Company’s operations and profitability.

Mining, processing, development and exploration activities depend on adequate infrastructure. Reliable roads, ice roads, bridges, port and/or rail transportation, power sources, water supply and access to key consumables are important determinants for capital and operating costs. The lack of availability on acceptable terms or the delay in the availability of any one or more of these items could prevent or delay exploration, development or exploitation of the Company’s projects. If adequate infrastructure is not available in a timely manner, the Company cannot assure you that the exploitation or development of its projects will be commenced or completed on a timely basis, or at all, or that the resulting operations will achieve the anticipated production volume, or that the construction costs and operating costs associated with the exploitation and/or development of the Company’s projects will not be higher than anticipated. In addition, extreme weather phenomena, sabotage, vandalism, government, non-governmental organization and community or other interference in the maintenance or provision of such infrastructure could adversely affect the Company’s operations and profitability.

The development and operation of a mine or mine property is inherently risky and involves many risks that even a combination of experience, knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to overcome, including:

These risks could result in damage to, or destruction of, mineral properties, production facilities or other properties, environmental damage, delays in mining, increased production costs,cost of sales, asset write downs, monetary losses and possible legal liability or penalties, occupational illness or health issues, personal injury, and loss of life, and/or facility and workforce evacuation. The Company may not be able to obtain insurance to cover these risks at economically feasible premiums, or at all. The Company may suffer a material adverse effect on its business if it incurs losses related to any significant events that are not covered by the Company’s insurance policies.

Additionally, the Company’s operations, particularly those operations located outside of North America, are exposed to various levels of safety and security risks which could result in injury or death, damage to property, work stoppages, product theft, or blockades of the Company’s mining operations and projects. Risks and uncertainties vary from region to region and include, but are not limited to, terrorism, hostage taking, local drug gang and/or other gang activities, military and/or governmental repression, labor unrest and war or civil unrest. Local opposition to mine development projects could arise and such opposition may be violent. If the Company were to experience resistance or unrest in connection with its mines or projects, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations and profitability. Additionally, to the extent that such risks and uncertainties are directed towards local populations, the Company may not be able to retain sufficient labor forces to maintain the Company’s operations.

Greater scrutiny on multi-national companies to contribute to sustainable outcomes in the places where they operate, has led to a proliferation of standards, reporting initiatives and expectations focused on environmental stewardship, social performance, community engagement and transparency. Extractive industries, and mining in particular, have seen significant increases in stakeholder expectations and attention. These businesses are increasingly required to meaningfully engage with impacted stakeholders; to understand, avoid or mitigate negative impacts while optimizing economic development and employment opportunities associated with their operations. The expectation is for companies to recognize the impact their operations can have on the communities in which they operate and develop strategies and identify targets to address the actual or perceived impact to create shared value for shareholders, employees, governments, local communities and host countries. Such expectations tend to be particularly focused on companies whose activities are perceived to have high environmental impacts, like mining companies. In response, the Company has developed and continues to evolve a robust system of ESG management that includes standards, guidance, assurance, and participation in international organizations focused on sustainability and improved performance and outcomes for host communities and the environment. Despite the Company’s commitment to on-going engagement with communities and stakeholders, no assurances can be provided that increased stakeholder expectations will not result in interest from activists who seek a more rapid or more significant response to the environmental risks and opportunities faced by the Company or adverse financial and operational impacts to the business, including, without limitation, operational disruption, increased costs, increased investment obligations and increased taxes and royalties payable to governments. In connection with the leak at our Çöpler mine site, we experienced negative response from members of the local community through demonstrations at our facilities, social media communications and media reporting. Additionally, activists responded strongly against the Company through social media and other campaigns following the reports of the incident. Although our remediation of the incident was comprehensive and we do not believe that the incident resulted in any lasting environmental impacts to the region, and we have addressed these facts with the communities around our Çöpler mine site, the nature of the incident has impacted our reputation in the local community and the wider region. We will continue our engagement efforts with the affected communities, but there is no assurance that we will be able to reverse the negative perceptions associated with the incident at the Çöpler mine site. As a result of this incident, the associated media coverage and the reputational impacts, we may face challenges in our recruitment efforts for the Çöpler mine and cooperation of the communities and local and national governments in connection with our plans for growth and development.

Some of the Company’s properties may be subject to the rights or the asserted rights of various community stakeholders, including indigenous peoples. The presence of community stakeholders may impact the Company’s ability to develop or operate its mining properties and projects or to conduct exploration activities. Accordingly, the Company is subject to the risk that one or more groups may oppose the continued operation, further development, or new development or exploration of the Company’s current or future mining properties and projects. Such opposition may be directed through legal or administrative proceedings, or through protests or other campaigns against the Company’s activities. In addition, if historical artifacts or archaeological sites are discovered on or near the Company’s properties, the Company may be prohibited or restricted from developing or mining its mineral properties or be required to relocate or preserve such findings.

Acts of civil disobedience are common in certain of the countries where the Company’s properties are located. In recent years, many mining companies have been the targets of actions to restrict their legally granted access to mining concessions or property. The evolving expectations related to human rights, indigenous rights, and environmental protections may result in opposition to our current and future operations, the development of new projects and mines, and exploration activities. Such opposition may take the form of legal or administrative proceedings or manifestations such as protests, roadblocks or other forms of public expression against our activities, any of which may have a negative impact on our local or global reputation and operations. Such acts of civil disobedience often occur with no warning and can result in significant direct and indirect costs and delays in operations. Opposition by community and activist groups to our operations may require modification of, or preclude the operation or development of, our projects and mines or may require us to enter into agreements with such groups or local governments, which may cause increased costs and significant delays to the advancement of our projects. While the Company has not faced such acts of civil disobedience to date, there can be no assurance that the Company will not face such disruptions to site access in the future.

As certain of our mines age, the Company may face geotechnical challenges faced by the mining industry as a whole, including mining deeper pits and more complex deposits, which generally leads to higher pit walls, more complex underground environments and increased exposure to geotechnical instability and hydrological impacts. As our operations mature, the open pits at our sites will necessarily become deeper and we may face certain geotechnical failures at some of our mines. Unanticipated adverse geotechnical and hydrological conditions may occur. Such conditions are often affected by risks and hazards outside of our control, such as severe weather and considerable rainfall, which may lead to periodic floods, mudslides, wall instability and seismic activity, which may result in slippage of material. Such events may not be detected in advance.

In addition, SSR Mining has operational and closed tailings impoundments in a variety of climatic and topographic settings. The failure of tailings dam and storage facilities and other impoundments at our mining sites could cause severe, and in some cases catastrophic, property and environmental damage and loss of life. Geotechnical or tailings storage facility failures could result in limited or restricted access to mine sites, suspension of operations, government investigations, increased monitoring costs, remediation costs and other impacts, which could result in a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position. Recognizing this risk, while SSR Mining continues to review its existing practices, there can be no assurance that these events will not occur in the future.

Certain of the Company’s directors and/or officers may have fiduciary and/or contractual obligations to other companies, including companies that are engaged in business activities similar to those intended to be conducted by the Company. Accordingly, such companies may participate in transactions and have obligations that may be in conflict or competition with the Company’s business or acquisition strategy. As a result of such conflict, the Company may not be able to participate in certain transactions, which may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position. Any decision made by any of these directors and/or officers involving SSR Mining is required to be made in accordance with their duties and obligations to deal fairly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of SSR Mining and its shareholders.

Production at Çöpler, Marigold, Seabee and Puna is dependent upon the efforts of the Company’s employees and the Company’s relations with them. Relations with the Company’s employees may be affected by changes in the

scheme of labor relations that may be introduced by the relevant governmental authorities in those jurisdictions in which the Company carries on business. Changes in such legislation or in the relationship with the Company’s employees may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, we could experience labor disputes, work stops or other disruptions in production due to union activities or other employee actions. A failure to successfully enter into new contracts or resolve any complaints could result in future labor disputes, work stoppages or other disruptions in production. Any labor unrest or other labor disturbances could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business.

The Company competes with other mining companies to attract and retain key executives and skilled and experienced employees. The Company is dependent on the services of its key executives and other skilled and experienced personnel to focus on advancing its corporate objectives as well as the identification of new opportunities for growth and funding. Due to the size of the Company’s organization, the loss of any of these persons, or the Company’s inability to attract and retain suitable replacements for them or additional highly skilled employees and contractors required for the operation of the Company’s corporate offices, Çöpler, Marigold, Seabee and Puna and the Company’s other activities may have a material adverse effect on its business and financial condition.

A significant portion of the Company's operations and construction projects in TurkeyTürkiye and Argentina are currently conducted in part by contractors. As a result, these operations are subject to a number of risks, some of which are outside of the Company's control, including:

In addition, law and regulations relating to the use of contractors may vary in the jurisdictions in which we operate, and changes in legal and regulatory restrictions may also impact our ability to utilize contractors and outsourcing services. The occurrence of one or more of these risks could adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.

The Company's operations are subject to extensive and complex laws and regulations governing worker health and safety across our operating regions and failure to comply with applicable legal requirements can result in substantial penalties, civil sanctions and, in some cases, criminal sanctions, including the suspension or revocation of permits. Future changes in applicable laws, regulations, permits and approvals or changes in their enforcement or regulatory interpretation could substantially increase costs to achieve compliance, lead to the revocation of existing or future exploration or mining rights or otherwise have an adverse impact on the Company's results of operations and financial position. Matters which may be regulated by federal, state, provincial, territorial and local laws and regulations include:

In addition to existing regulatory requirements, legislation and regulations may be adopted, regulatory procedures modified, or permit limits reduced at any time, any of which could result in additional exposure to liability, operating expense, capital expenditures or restrictions and delays in the mining, production or development of our properties. Mining accidents and fatalities or toxic waste releases, whether or not at our mines or related to metals mining, may increase the likelihood of additional regulation or changes in law or enhanced regulatory scrutiny. In addition, enforcement or regulatory tools and methods available to regulatory bodies such as MSHA, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”), and their equivalent agencies in other jurisdictions in which the Company has operations, which have not been or have infrequently been used against us or the mining industry to date, may in the future be used more extensively or more consistently.

Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations may result in civil or criminal fines or penalties or enforcement actions, including orders issued by regulatory or judicial authorities enjoining or curtailing operations or requiring corrective measures, installation of additional equipment or remedial actions, or the imposition of additional local or foreign parties as joint venture partners, any of which could result in significant expenditures. The Company may also be required to compensate private parties suffering loss or damage by reason of a breach of such laws, regulations or permitting requirements. Future laws and regulations, or more stringent enforcement of current laws and regulations by governmental authorities, cannot be accurately predicted and it is possible that these could cause the Company to incur additional expense, divert management time and attention from revenue generating activities or restrict or delay the exploration and development of the Company’s properties.

The Company’s operations, including continued production at Çöpler, Marigold, Seabee and Puna, and further exploration, development and commencement of production on the Company’s other mineral properties, require licenses, permits and other approvals from various governmental authorities, including land and water usage permits. Obtaining or renewing governmental permits is a complex and time-consuming process. The duration and success of efforts to obtain and renew permits are contingent upon many variables not within the Company’s control.

The Company's ability to obtain the required permits and approvals to explore for, develop and operate mines and to successfully operate near communities in the jurisdictions in which we operate depends in part on our ability to develop, operate and close mines in a manner that is consistent with the creation of social and economic benefits in the surrounding communities, which may or may not be required by law. Our ability to obtain permits and approvals and to operate near certain communities may be adversely impacted by real or perceived detrimental events associated with our activities or those of other mining companies affecting the environment, health and safety of communities in which we operate. Further, certain communities may challenge, or seek to challenge, permits and approvals granted to the Company, including, but not limited to, environmental impact assessments and other operating permits, which may result in temporary or permanent suspension of such permits and approvals or the cessation of Company operations. Any delay or suspension of the Company's operations as a result of such challenges, whether such challenges have merit, may adversely affect the Company's business, results of operations or financial condition.

Previously obtained permits and approvals may be suspended or revoked for many reasons, including through government or court action, or may be adjusted in a manner that adversely affects our operations, including our ability to explore or develop properties, commence production or continue operations. There can be no assurance that all permits, licenses and approvals that are required for the operations of the Company, including any for construction of mining facilities or conduct of mining, will be obtainable or renewable on reasonable terms, or at all. Delays or a failure to obtain such required permits, or the expiry, revocation or failure by the Company to comply with the terms of any such permits that it has obtained, would adversely affect the Company’s business.

The Company’s activities are subject to extensive laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment, natural resources and human health. These laws address, among other things, emissions into the air and air quality, discharges into water and water quality, management of waste, management and disposal of solid and hazardous substances, protection of natural resources, fisheries and wildlife protection, antiquities, endangered species, noise and use and reclamation of lands disturbed by mining operations. The Company is required to obtain governmental permits and, in some instances, provide bonding requirements under federal, state or provincial air quality, water quality, and mine reclamation rules and permits. Although the Company makes provisions for reclamation costs, it cannot be assured that these provisions will be adequate to discharge the Company’s future obligations for these costs. Violations of environmental laws may be subject to civil sanctions and, in some cases, criminal sanctions, including the suspension or revocation of permits. While responsible environmental, health and safety stewardship is one of the Company’s core values, there can be no assurance that the Company has been or will be at all times in complete compliance with such laws, regulations and permits, or that the costs of complying with current and future environmental laws and permits will not materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations or financial condition.

Enforcement actions by the EPA or other federal or state agencies could also result. Adverse outcomes in lawsuits challenging permits or failure to comply with applicable regulations or permits could result in the suspension, denial, or revocation of required permits, or the imposition of penalties, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our cash flows, results of operations, or financial condition.

Under certain environmental laws, the Company could be held jointly and severally liable for removal or remediation of any hazardous substance contamination at its current, former and future properties, at nearby properties, or at other third-party sites where the Company’s wastes may have migrated or been disposed. The Company could also be held liable for damages to natural resources resulting from hazardous substance contamination. Additionally, environmental laws in some of the countries in which the Company operates require that the Company periodically perform environmental impact studies at the Company’s mines. The Company cannot provide assurance that these studies will not reveal environmental impacts that would require the Company to make significant capital outlays or cause material changes or delays in its intended activities, any of which could adversely affect the Company’s business.

The failure to comply with environmental laws and regulations or liabilities related to hazardous substance contamination could result in project development delays, material financial impacts or other material impacts to the Company’s projects and activities, fines, penalties, lawsuits by the government or private parties, or material capital expenditures. Environmental legislation in many countries is evolving and the trend has been towards stricter standards and enforcement, increased fines and penalties for non-compliance, more stringent environmental assessments of proposed projects, and increasing responsibility for companies and their officers, directors and employees. Future changes in these laws or regulations could have a significant adverse impact on some portion of the Company’s business, causing the Company to re- evaluate those activities at that time.

In addition to evolving and expanding environmental regulations providing governmental authorities with the means to make claims against us, private parties have in the past and may in the future bring claims against us based upon damage to property and injury to persons resulting from the environmental, health and safety impacts of prior and current operations (including for exposure to or contamination by lead). Laws in the United States such as CERCLA and similar state laws may expose us to joint and several liability or claims for contribution made by the government (state or federal) or private parties. Moreover, exposure to these liabilities arises not only from our existing but also from closed operations, operations sold to third parties, or operations in which we had a leasehold, joint venture, or other interest. Because liability under CERCLA is often alleged on a joint and several basis against any property owner or operator or arranger for the transport of hazardous waste, our exposure to environmental claims may be greater because of the bankruptcy or dissolution of other mining companies which may have engaged in more significant activities at a mining site than we but which are no longer available for governmental agencies or other claimants to make claims against or obtain judgments from. Similarly, there is also the potential for claims against us based on agreements entered into by certain affiliates and predecessor companies relating to the transfer of businesses or properties, which contained indemnification provisions relating to environmental matters.

GHGs are emitted directly by the Company’s operations, as well as by external utilities from which it purchases power. Currently, a number of international and national measures to address or limit GHG emissions, including the Kyoto Protocol, the Copenhagen Accord, Durban Platform and the Paris Agreement, are in various phases of discussion or implementation in the countries in which the Company operates. These, or future, measures could require the Company to reduce its direct GHG emissions or energy use or to incur significant costs for GHG emissions permits or taxes or have these costs or taxes passed on by electricity utilities which supply the Company’s

operations. The Company could also incur significant costs associated with capital equipment, GHG monitoring and reporting and other obligations to comply with applicable requirements. Additionally, concerns about potential GHG emissions impacts could manifest themselves in shareholder proposals, preferred purchasing, delays or failures in obtaining or retaining regulatory approvals, lack of market acceptance, continued pressure for and adoption of more stringent regulatory intervention and litigation, including governmental entities and other plaintiffs bringing claims against us for purported damages caused by the alleged effects of climate change. These risks could result in unexpected costs, increase our operating expenses, reduce the demand for our products and result in reputational harm to the Company, which in turn could have an adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

The Company’s operations could be exposed to a number of physical risks from climate change, such as changes in rainfall rates, rising sea levels, reduced water availability, higher temperatures, increased snowpack and extreme weather events. Events or conditions such as flooding or inadequate water supplies could disrupt mining and transport operations, mineral processing and rehabilitation efforts, could create resource shortages and could damage the Company’s property or equipment and increase health and safety risks on site. Such events or conditions could have other adverse effects on the Company’s workforce and on the communities around the Company’s mines, such as an increased risk of food insecurity, water scarcity and prevalence of disease. In addition, if the effects of extreme weather events cause prolonged disruption to the delivery, or increased prices, of essential commodities or capital items, particularly over the seasonal ice road at Seabee, the Company’s production efficiency may be reduced. Although the Company makes efforts to mitigate these risks by ensuring that extreme weather conditions are included in emergency response plans at mine sites as required, there can be no assurance that these efforts will be effective and that these risks will not have an adverse effect on the Company’s operations.

Further, climate change litigation has grown in frequency, as scientists, agencies, and the general public increasingly associate catastrophic environmental events with changing climate. In recent years, litigants have utilized common law theories and existing environmental statutes to try to hold companies liable for the effects of climate change. While much of the climate change litigation to date has focused on allegations that companies have or are contributing to GHG emissions, businesses have also been targeted based on a theory of failing to prepare for the effects of climate change. Additionally, increasing scrutiny of public climate change disclosures made by companies has prompted recent government investigations and enforcement actions. The Company may become subject to climate change-related lawsuits in the future. Regardless of whether future litigants are successful in such claims, such lawsuits may require significant time and attention by the Company’s management, result in significant defense costs and expense or possible penalties and may materially adversely affect the Company’s business and/or its ability to continue all or certain of its mining, exploration and development activities.

Various international and national laws, codes, resolutions, conventions, guidelines and other materials relate to human rights (including rights with respect to health and safety and the environment surrounding the Company’s operations). Many of these materials impose obligations on government and companies to respect human rights. Some mandate that governments consult with communities surrounding the Company’s projects regarding government actions that may affect local stakeholders, including actions to approve or grant mining rights or permits. The obligations of government and private parties under the various international and national materials pertaining to human rights continue to evolve and be defined. One or more groups of people may oppose the Company’s current and future operations or further development or new development of its projects or operations. Such opposition may be directed through legal or administrative proceedings or expressed in manifestations such as protests, roadblocks or other forms of public expression against the Company’s activities, and may have a negative impact on its reputation. Opposition by such groups to the Company’s operations may require modification of, or preclude the operation or development of, the Company’s projects or may require it to enter into agreements with such groups or local governments with respect to its projects, in some cases causing considerable delays to the advancement of its projects.

There can be no assurance that title to the Company's mineral properties will not be challenged. The Company owns, leases or has under option, unpatented and patented mining claims, mineral claims or concessions which constitute its property holdings. The ownership and validity, or title, of unpatented mining claims and concessions are often uncertain and may be contested. Further, the Company may not have, or may not be able to obtain or economically obtain, all necessary surface rights to develop a property. Title insurance is generally not available for mineral properties and the Company’s ability to ensure that it has obtained a secure claim to individual mining properties or mining concessions may be severely constrained. The Company has not conducted surveys of all of the claims in

which it holds direct or indirect interests. A successful claim contesting the Company’s title to a property will cause the Company to lose the Company’s rights to explore and, if warranted, develop that property or undertake or continue production thereon. This could result in the Company not being compensated for its prior expenditures relating to the property.

The Company is subject to various claims and legal proceedings, including adverse rulings in current or future litigation against the Company and/or its directors or officers, covering a wide range of matters that arise in the ordinary course of business activities. Each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties and it is possible that some of these matters may be resolved unfavorably to the Company. The Company carries liability insurance coverage and establishes reserves for matters that are probable and can be reasonably estimated. In addition, the Company may be involved in disputes with other parties in the future that may result in litigation, which may have a material adverse impact on the Company’s future cash flows, profitability, results of operations and financial condition. Additionally, the Company may be subject to frivolous and/or nuisance claims. While such claims are often dismissed, there can be no assurance that all such claims will be dismissed entirely, or that the Company will not be required to incur significant expenses defending such claims.

The market price of the Company’s common shares has experienced, and may continue to experience, significant volatility, which may result in losses to investors. The market price of the Company’s common shares may increase or decrease in response to a number of events and factors, including: the Company’s operating performance and the performance of competitors and other similar companies; volatility in metal prices; the public’s reaction to the Company’s press releases on developments at the Company’s properties, material change reports, other public announcements and the Company’s filings with the various securities regulatory authorities; changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by research analysts who track the Company’s common shares or the shares of other companies in the resource sector; changes in general economic and/or political conditions; the number of common shares to be publicly traded after an offering of the Company’s common shares; the arrival or departure of key personnel; and acquisitions, strategic alliances or joint ventures involving the Company or the Company’s competitors.

In addition, the global stock markets and prices for mining company shares have experienced volatility that often has been unrelated to the operating performance of such companies. These market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of the Company’s common shares, regardless of the Company’s operating performance. The variables which are not directly related to the Company’s success and are, therefore, not within the Company’s control, include other developments that affect the market for mining company shares, the breadth of the public market for the Company’s common shares and the attractiveness of alternative investments. The effect of these and other factors on the market price of the Company’s common shares on the exchanges on which they trade has historically made the Company’s common share price volatile and suggests that the Company’s common share price will continue to be volatile in the future.

Holders of our common shares are entitled to receive only such dividends as the Company's Board of Directors may declare out of funds legally available for such payments. On February 17, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors approved its inaugural quarterly dividend payment of $0.05 per common share that was paid on March 31, 2021 to shareholders of record at the close of business on March 5, 2021. The quarterly dividend payment was subsequently increased to $0.07 per common share as approved by the Company's Board of Directors on February 22, 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2021,2022, the Company declared and paid cash dividends of $0.20$0.28 per common share in the aggregate amount of $43.2$58.8 million. The declaration and payment of future dividends is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will be made based on the Company’s financial position and other factors relevant at the time. The Company's ability to pay dividends will be subject to future earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, compliance with covenants and financial ratios related to existing or future indebtedness and other factors deemed relevant by the Board of Directors. An annualized dividend payout level has not been declared by the Board of Directors, and the declaration and payment of future dividends, including future quarterly dividends, remains at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The Company's dividend framework is non-binding, and the Board of Directors may modify the dividend framework or reduce, defer or eliminate the common stock dividend in the future.

The Company may sell additional equity securities in subsequent offerings (including through the sale of securities convertible into equity securities) and may issue equity securities in acquisitions. The Company cannot predict the size of future issuances of equity securities or the size and terms of future issuances of debt instruments or other securities convertible into equity securities or the effect, if any, that future issuances and sales of the Company’s securities will have on the market price of the Company’s common shares.

Furthermore, sales of substantial amounts of the Company’s securities by the Company or the Company’s existing shareholders, or the availability of such securities for sale, could adversely affect the prevailing market prices for the Company’s securities and dilute investors’ earnings per share.

No evaluation can provide complete assurance that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting will prevent, detect or uncover all failures of persons within the Company to disclose material information required to be reported. The effectiveness of the Company’s controls and procedures could also be limited by simple errors or faulty judgments. In addition, as the Company continues to expand, the challenges involved in implementing appropriate internal control over financial reporting will increase and will require that the Company continue to improve its internal control over financial reporting. Although the Company intends to devote substantial time and incur substantial costs, as necessary, to ensure ongoing compliance, the Company cannot be certain that it will be successful in complying with internal control regulations.

Preparing consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and related disclosure of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reporting periods. The more significant areas requiring the use of management assumptions and estimates relate to:

Future estimates and actual results may differ materially from these estimates as a result of using different assumptions or conditions. For additional information, see Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and the risk factors set forth in this section.

The Company is a corporation existing under the laws of the Province of British Columbia. Some of the Company's officers, directors, and experts are Canadian or non-U.S. residents, and many of its assets are located outside the United States. Investors should not assume that Canadian or other foreign courts would enforce judgments of United States courts, or liabilities, obtained in actions against the Company or its directors, officers or experts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the United States federal securities laws or the securities or “blue sky” laws of any state or jurisdiction of the United States. In addition, while statutory provisions exist in British Columbia for derivative actions to be brought in certain circumstances, the circumstances in which a derivative action may be

brought, and the procedures and defenses that may be available in respect of any such action, may be different than those of shareholders of a company incorporated in the United States.

None.

The following descriptions summarize selected information about the Company’s four producing assets: Çöpler Gold Mine, Marigold Mine, Seabee Gold Operation and Puna Operations, each of which is an operating segment. All of the Company’s properties are wholly owned except for Çöpler.pler, which is 80% owned by the Company.

The ÇöÇöpler project consists of a number of mining licenses covering mineral resources on the Çöpler, Çakmaktepe, Çakmaktepe Expansion (Ardich),Extension, and Bayramdere deposits, mineral reserves on the Çöpler, Çakmaktepe Extension and Çakmaktepe open pit mines,deposits, oxide and sulfide processing facilities, and supporting infrastructure.

Property Description and Location

The ÇöÇöpler project is located in east central Turkey,Türkiye, 120 kilometers west of the city of Erzincan, in Erzincan Province, 40 kilometers east of the iron-mining city of Divriği, and 550 kilometers east of Turkey’sTürkiye’s capital city, Ankara. The nearest urban center, İliç, is located approximately 6 kilometers northeast of the Çöpler mine.

Çöpler mine is accessed from the main paved highway between Erzincan and Kemaliye. The project areaKemaliye and is located in the Eastern Anatolia geographical district of Turkey.serviced by both road and rail networks.. Mining operations are conducted year-round. The climate is typically continental with cold, wet winters and hot, dry summers.

The Çöpler mining operations fall within the license areas numbered 847, 49729, and 20067313, which have been granted by the General Directorate of Mining and Petroleum Affairs.Affairs within Turkiye. The Çakmaktepe satellite mining operation is located 6 km east of the current Çöpler pit. The Çakmaktepe pits are located within Kartaltepe License 1054. Ore mined at Çakmaktepe is hauled and treated at the Anagold Çöpler facilities.

Anagold holds the exclusive right to engage in mining activities within the Çöpler project area. Anagold holds six granted licenses covering a combined area of approximately 16,600 hectares. Kartaltepe holds eight licenses covering approximately 9,200 hectares. The total near-mine tenement package is approximately 25,800 hectares.

Kartaltepe sells Anagold ore from Çakmaktepe at an agreed rate. SSR Mining holds a 2% net smelter return (“NSR”) on the Kartaltepe licenses, receivable after repayment of a historical royalty pre-payment.

Under Turkish Mining Law, the royalty rate for precious metals is variable and tied to metal prices. The Çöpler project is subject to a mineral production royalty that is based on a sliding scale to gold price and is payable to the Turkish government. In September 2020 a presidential decree was issued, increasing the prescribed royalty rates by 25%. Royalty rates are reduced by 40% for ore processed in country, as an incentive to process ore locally. As the Çöpler project produces its gold doré on-site, the Çöpler project is eligible for a 40% reduction to the royalty rate.

History

The Çöpler region has been subject to gold and silver mining dating back at least to Roman times. The Turkish Geological Survey carried out regional exploration work in the early-1960s that was predominately confined to geological mapping. In 1964, a local Turkish company started mining for manganese until 1973; the property was sold in January 1979 and manganese production restarted, continuing until 1992.

In 1998, Anatolia Minerals Development Ltd (“Anatolia”) identified several porphyry-style gold–copper prospects in east central TurkeyTürkiye and applied for exploration licenses for these prospects, including in the Çöpler basin. In August 2009, a joint venture agreement between Anatolia and Lidya was executed.

In February 2011, Anatolia merged with Avoca Resources Limited, an Australian company, to become Alacer Gold Corp., which further merged with SSR Mining in September 2020.

Geological Setting, Mineralization, and Deposit Types

The ÇöÇöpler project is located near the northern margin of a complex collision zone that lies between the Pontide Belt / North Anatolian Fault, the Arabian Plate, and the East Anatolian Fault, which bounds several major plates. The region underwent crustal thickening related to the closure of a single ocean, or possibly several oceanic and micro-continental realms, in the late Cretaceous to early Tertiary period.

Oxidation of this mineralization has resulted in the formation of gossans, massive manganese oxide, and goethitic / jarositic assemblages hosting fine-grained free gold. The oxidized cap is underlain by primary and secondary sulfide mineralization. In addition to the gold–silver–copper mineralization of economic interest some arsenic, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, and zinc are also present.

The Manganese Zone (pit) is about 650 m wide in the north-south direction and about 650 m in the east-west direction. The surface was predominantly covered with marble. A major component of the mineralization is associated with the contact between the diorite and the marble. Disseminated mineralization also occurs outside the contact zones. Mineralization ranges from the surface to 400m deep.

The Marble Zone (pit) is in the southeastern portion of the system and associated with a northeast striking fault contact between marble on the east and hornfels (metasediments) and intrusives on the west. The width is almost 350 m and the strike length is about 300 m east-north-east. Depth of the mineralization ranges from the surface to about 160 m.

The Main Zone (pit) drilling identified a mineralization extending about 750 m north-south and 1,000 m east west. Oxide zone is confined to near surface to depths of about 40 m. Main Pit is the largest area of exposure in the west and south of the Çöpler mine and exposes dominantly diorite-granodiorite porphyry in

the southern wall in contact with Hornfels Block. High grade gold is controlled by both faults and contacts. Supergene enrichment enhanced along syn- and post-mineral structures plays an important role in localizing high-grade gold mineralization at lithological contacts, late-stage faults and shear zones, and fault/contact intersections.

The West Pit exposes a high-grade gossan/fanglomerates at the basal contact of Munzur Limestone with hornfels. The contact is locally well preserved and shows a ~10 m thick zone of broken rock cataclastites at the base of limestone on a wide zone of highly sheared hornfelds with folded foliations. Some Gossans would be supergene of polymetallic replacement deposits. Gossans are confined to limestone and hornfels and enriched/formed as a result of karstic process in the area.

Mining Operations

Open pit mining at the Çöpler project is carried out by a mining contractor and managed by Anagold. The mining method is a conventional open pit method with drill and blast, and utilizing excavators and trucks operating on bench heights of 5 meters. The mining contractor provides operators, line supervisors, equipment, and ancillary facilities required for the mining operation. SSR MiningAnagold provides management, technical, mine planning, engineering, and grade control functions for the operation.

The facility infrastructure supports the mine, and the oxide heap leach and sulfide plant processing facilities. The current leach pad consists of four phases designed to accommodate approximately 5861 million tonnes of oxide ore heap with a nominal maximum heap height of 100 meters above the pad liner, with additional phases in development.

The tailings storage facility is developed and constructed in stages. Ongoingstages with ongoing work in ensuringto ensure sufficient long-term capacity for storage of tailings is undertaken.tailings. Studies by Anagold have determined that the effect of the addition of the flotation plant to the sulfide plant circuit wouldwill result in an increase in the solids content and improvement in the final settled density based on an increase in the rate of tailings consolidation. The flotation plant is in operation.

Infrastructure, Permitting and Compliance Activities

The power supply for the Çöpler mine and processing facilities is provided via a 154 kV transmission line to site. Existing mine site facilities are located primarily within the Çöpler and Sabırlı Creek watersheds immediately upstream of their confluence with the Karasu River. The only perennial surface water in the vicinity of the Çöpler project is the Karasu River flowing in the northern and western part of the area. All other valleys are either ephemeral streams or dry valleys.

The Çöpler mining and processing operations involve open pit mining from multiple pits, construction of multiple waste rock dumps to accommodate mined materials, processing of oxide ores and placement on heap leach pads, and processing of sulfide ores with placement of tailings in a tailings storage facility. Operation of the Çöpler mining and processing facilities, and mining at Çakmaktepe, have been investigated and authorized by means of a series of Environmental Impact Assessments ("EIAs"). Anagold has remained in compliance with all aspects of the EIAs and operating permits throughout the history of the project.

The currently permitted EIA boundary incorporates 1,747 hectares, whereas the footprint of the mine units covers a combined 1,089 hectares. The currently permitted Çakmaktepe EIA boundary incorporates 290360 hectares, but pending approval, itand the Company is anticipated thatin the Çakmaktepeprocess of submitting an EIA to increase the permitted boundary will increase to 360553 hectares.

Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing

Oxide Testwork

The heap leaching facilities were commissioned at the Çöpler mine site in late-2010 and have operated continuously since that time. Oxide heap leach operations were ongoing at the Cöpler District Master Plan 2021 Technical Report Summary (“CDMP21TRS”)CDMP21TRS effective date.

Metallurgical testwork on Çakmaktepe oxide material for heap leaching has been undertaken at the on-site metallurgical laboratory, initially under the supervision of Kappes, Cassiday & Associates. The initial testwork in 2015 undertook bottle roll and column leach tests. The results are comparable with the Çöpler oxide ore, with similar behavior and leach kinetics. Subsequently, Çakmaktepe oxide ore has been heap leached along with Çöpler oxide ore. Oxide column testwork on oxide ore continues at the on-site laboratory.

Metallurgical testwork on ArdichÇakmaktepe Extension oxide material for heap leaching has been undertaken at McClelland laboratories and supervised by Metallurgium. An initial testwork program, including bottle roll and column leach, was carried out in 2019. This initial program identified two distinct domains

with respect to gold recovery based on sulfur content: <1% and 1%–2%. The column testwork results indicated that the listwanite, dolomite, and jasperoid lithologies have physical properties amenable to heap leaching. This initial test program was followed up with further testwork in 2020.

Analysis of the results of the metallurgical testwork and a review of the existing recovery models for use in economic analysis were undertaken in 2020. This was done for the oxide and sulfide processing, including the flotation circuit. The resulting recoveries have been used in the economic analysis for the CDMP21TRS.

Oxide gold recoveries vary by lithology for Çöpler in the range 62.3%–78.4%, at Çakmaktepe the range is 61%–80%. At ArdichÇakmaktepe Extension, the testwork suggest recoveries will vary in the range 40%–73%. The average oxide recovery in the Reserve Case is 61%.

Sulfide Testwork

The sulfide process plant commenced commissioning in Q4’18.the fourth quarter of 2018. The plant consists principally of a pressure oxidation (POX) leach followed by a cyanide leach to recover gold.

Significant testwork had been conducted on sulfide ores prior to commissioning of the sulfide plant, with pilot plant testwork campaigns and a significant number of batch variability tests on POX / cyanide leach completed.

Whilst a POX / cyanide leach circuit was implemented, significant work had also been undertaken on flotation of the gold-bearing sulfides as a process route, although ultimately this option was not selected for development. Flotation of a partial stream of the plant feed was considered to maximize the available capacity of the plant, including the POX autoclave and available oxygen supply. Further flotation testwork demonstrated that the addition of a small flotation plant into the existing sulfide process route would allow optimization and maximization of already installed capacities.

The testwork indicates that sulfur recovery through flotation is estimated to be 75% to concentrate with a corresponding 55% gold recovery. Flotation tails gold recovery is estimated at 43%. A side stream flotation plant capable of treating 50 to 150 tonnes per hour commenced commissioning on December 24, 2021. Once fully commissioned the actual plant performance will be reconciled with expected performance.

The current determination of POX gold recovery is based on assessment of results for the pilot testwork programs undertaken prior to commencement of operations and benchmarked with the existing operating data. An equation has been derived to calculate gold recovery by material type for all ore that is subject to POX; this includes direct POX feed and flotation concentrate. The Reserve Case average sulfide gold recovery is 91%.

Processing and Recovery Operations

The Company currently operates a sulfide process plant and an oxide heap leach facility.

The oxide heap leaching facilities were commissioned at the Çöpler mine site in the second half of 2010 with initial gold production achieved in the fourth quarter of 2010. The process was originally designed to treat approximately 6.0 million tonnes per annum of ore by three-stage crushing (primary, secondary, and tertiary) to 80% passing 12.5 millimeters, agglomeration, and heap leaching on lined heap leach pads with dilute alkaline sodium cyanide solution. Gold is recovered through a carbon in-column system, followed by stripping of metal values from carbon, electrowinning and smelting to yield a doré (containing gold and silver) suitable for sale. Control of copper in leach solutions is undertaken in a sulfidization, acidification, recovery, and thickening ("SART") plant, which also regenerates cyanide.

The sulfide plant commenced commissioning in the fourth quarter of 2018. The basic flow of processing through the sulfide plant is as follows:

The incorporation of a flotation circuit into the existing sulfide plant to upgrade sulfide sulfur to fully utilize grinding and pressure oxidation (“POX”) autoclave capacity was constructed and commenced ore production at the end of December 2021. This addition to the sulfide plant is incorporated between grinding and acidulation by taking a bleed / slip stream from the grinding thickener feed, floating sulfides, and returning the sulfide concentrate to the grinding thickener to be combined with direct autoclave feed. Gold in the flotation tails (not recovered to the flotation concentrate) is combined with the material that was processed through the POX autoclave circuit, this combined stream then goes to the gold leaching and recovery circuits to recover gold.

Since completing ramp-up of the sulfide plant in June 2020, POX throughput has progressively improved to exceed design up to a monthly average peak of 330 tonnes per hour and at the maximum sulfide sulfur of 13.7 tonnes per hour. The gold recovery has remained at around 91%, with the tailings grade ranging between about 0.25–0.30 grams of gold per tonne.

The following tables summarize the Company's estimated gold reserves and resources reflecting only the reserves and resources attributable to SSR Mining's ownership or economic interest as of December 31, 2022. Additionally, see “Proven and Probable Reserve Estimates” and "Resource Estimates"Estimates by Mineral” in this Item 2 for further information on the mineral resources and mineral reserves for Çöpler, and see "Operating Statistics" in this Item 2 for further information on production of the Çöpler operations for the years ended December 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020.2021. A discussion of the changes in mineral resources and mineral reserves from 2021 to 2022 is also included below.

Exploration

The principal exploration technique at the Çöpler project has been reverse circulation and diamond core drilling, conducted in several campaigns starting in 2000. Initially, exploration was directed at evaluating the economic potential of the near-surface oxide mineralization for the recovery of gold by either heap leaching or conventional milling techniques.

Exploration in Çöpler, after the discovery of several porphyry centers, identifieddelineated the ore body in four adjacent zones (and subsequent open pits) from east to west: Manganese, Pit, Marble, Pit, Main, Pit and West Pit.West.

Since 2000, the Company’s exploration program within the Çöpler district has identified several new gold-dominant and copper–gold prospects. The gold-dominant regional prospects include the Çöpler Saddle and Elmadere. Copper–gold prospects include Aslantepe, Sarıdere, Fındıklıdere and Mavidere porphyries located within the Mavialtın Porphyry Belt and the early exploration stage Meşeburnu porphyry located west of the Çöpler deposit.

Drilling

Drilling at the Çöpler deposit commenced in 2000, and since that time a total of 2,6352,731 holes have been drilled for 373,562389,003 meters. A total of 6896 diamond core holes have been completed in 2021 (18,4922022 (15,441 meters). Step-out drilling at the Çöpler deposit has defined most of the lateral boundaries of the mineralization. There has been additional development drilling as well asand condemnation drilling of areas planned for infrastructure during the last few years.

Drilling at Çakmaktepe commenced in 2012 and has resulted in the definition ofdefined three distinct mineralized zones: East, Central, and North. As production proceeded within the Çakmaktepe Central and East pits, additional targets were generated to provide push-back options around the pit design. A total of 136 diamond core holes have been completed since 2019 to test for continuation of the Çakmaktepe mineralizationdeposit to the north and the east.

Since the initial discovery of mineralization at Çakmaktepe Expansion (Ardich), SSR MiningExtension, Anagold has undertaken several drilling programs to better-definerefine the geological model and to attempt to increase resource inventories. Anagold has completed 531659 diamond core holes for 111,004 meters136,436meters at Çakmaktepe Expansion (Ardich)Extension from late-2017 tothrough December, 31, 2021,2022, including holes for metallurgical testing and hydrogeological studies. During 2022, 128 diamond core holes for 25,432 meters were completed at Çakmaktepe Extension, mainly for resource-reserve definition purposes.

Drilling at Bayramdere commenced in 2007 as part of the near-mine exploration strategy. Since that time 120 holes have been drilled at Bayramdere for a total of 10,734 meters.

Sampling, Analysis and Data Verification

Exploration samples are submitted to ALS Global laboratories, in Izmir, Turkey for sample preparation and analysis which is an ISO/IEC 17025:2005 certified and accredited laboratory.laboratory in Izmir, Türkiye, for sample preparation and analysis. Bureau Veritas (Acme) laboratory in Ankara, Türkiye is used for umpire check sample analysis. Gold is analyzed by fire assay with an AAS finish, and the multi-elementfinish. Multi-element analyses are determined by four acid digestion and ICP-AES and MS finish. For gold assays greater than or equal to 10 g/t, the fire assay process is repeated with a gravimetric finish for coarse gold. The drill and geochemical samples wereare collected in accordance with accepted industry standards. SSR Mining conducts routine QA/QC analysis on all assay results, including the systematic utilization of certified reference materials, blanks, field duplicates, and umpire laboratory check assays.

SSR Mining operates an onsite laboratory at Çöpler primarily for assay of production samples.samples for grade control purposes. The onsite laboratory is certified to ISO 17025:2017 but is not independent. It is primarily used in grade control.

Data verification procedures are well established at Çöpler. Routine ongoing checkingchecks of all data isare undertaken prior to being uploadedincorporation to the database. This is followed by campaign-basedCampaign-based independent data verification audits are conducted at milestone stages throughout data collection programs. For drillhole data, verification includes the checking of Topcon differential global positioning system ("DGPS") collar coordinates relative to topographic surveys, checking of down hole surveys relative to adjacent readings and planned dip and azimuth of the hole, checking logged data entries to ensure they are consistent with log key sheets, cross-checking a subset of assay data with the original laboratory reports, and submission of and review of QA/QC data.

The QA/QC program has historically consisted of a combination of QA/QC sample types that are designed to monitor different aspects of the sample preparation and assaying process. None of the verification programs have identified material issues with the supporting data.

Capital and Operating Costs.Costs

The capital and operating cost estimates derived for Çöpler are based on a combination of the data set forth in the Çöpler District Master Plan 2021 Technical Report SummaryCDMP21TRS and budgetary estimates andthat reflect SSR Mining’s current estimates as of December 31, 2021.2022.

CapitalAs of December 31, 2022, capital costs are estimated to be $474$449.3 million for the life of Çöpler (life of mine or "LOM") and are primarily composed of mine and plant equipment, tailings storage expansions and asset componentization. Estimated operating costs for mine operations include both cash and non-cash costs.

Capital costs and operating costs are provided for mineral property disclosure purposes in accordance with NI 51-102 and are, generally, non-GAAP mining company financial measures. See “Additional Mining Company Financial Information” in this Item 2 for more information.

Costs in individual years may vary significantly as a result of, among other things, current or future nonrecurring expenditures, and changes to input costs and exchange rates. Please refer to the Çöpler District Master Plan 2021 Technical Report SummaryCDMP21TRS for other key metrics including detailed cash flows by year and net present value computations.

Çöpler Copper,Expansion, Initial Assessment Case

The sulfide plant includes the crushing, grinding, flotation and pressure oxidation to produce gold and small amounts of silver. The heap leach facility produces gold and small amounts of silver and copper.

The scenario for the Initial Assessment Case analysis includes additional processing units to recover copperadditional gold from the sulfide Mineral Resource. The two processing units are:

The copper concentrator with a capacity of 1.8 Mtpa and would make a copper concentrate for sale to smelters and a pyrite concentrate to be fed into the autoclaves in the sulfide plant. The pyrite concentrate would have a high gold content and also provide sulfur as a source of fuel for the autoclaves.

The Çöpler Mineral Resource has been selected for the Initial Assessment analysis, as the other Mineral Resources at the project do not have significant amounts of copper.

Implementation of the copperadditional recovery options will require capital expenditures and will also provide opportunities for operational cost and productivity improvements. The Çöpler CopperInitial Assessment Case shows the results of a shorter term analysis using the Reserve Case metal prices and the impact of the estimated capital and potential cost savings from economies of scale and reallocation of shared and fixed costs.

For both the Initial Assessment economic analysis, the ArdichÇakmaktepe Extension and Cakmaktepe Mineral Reserve has been included in the cash flow analysis without change from the Reserve Case. This is to allow the analysis to quantify the impact of the copper concentrator and NaSH circuit and demonstrate the potential of the additional Mineral Resources.

A separate analysis of the Initial Assessment Case was prepared using only Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources (MI Case). Comparison of the initial years of the Initial Assessment and the MI Case showed only 1.4% of the material processed in the first nine years of the Initial Assessment is Inferred Mineral Resource. The majority of the Inferred material is processed in years 10 to 20 and does not exceed 50% of the total processing in any one year.

The Initial Assessment Case production is oxide of 41.8 Mt 1.26 g/t Au, 59.7 Mt at 2.45 g/t Au and 24.9 Mt at 0.50g/t Au and 0.2% Cu for a total of 126.4 Mt at 1.67 g/t Au. The gold production in the Initial Assessment Case is 5.4 Moz and 164 Mlb of copper. Copper is produced from all three processing streams. The impact of including the copper concentrator as a processing facility is to expand the Çöpler pit which ceases mining in 2043. Additional production in the Initial Assessment Case comes from feed of 1.8 Mtpa to the copper concentrator and also from additional sulfide and oxide processing feed that is exposed when the pit gets deeper. Total capital including contingency of 25% for the copper concentrator and the copper recovery circuit in the sulfide plant is $218M. The capital costs have an accuracy of +/- 50%.

Marigold Mine is an open pit mining and processing operation located in Nevada, United States. SSR Mining holds a 100% interest in Marigold through its wholly owned subsidiary, Marigold Mining Company.

Property Description and Location

Marigold is located in southeastern Humboldt County, in the northern foothills of the Battle Mountain Range, Nevada, U.S. The mine is situated approximately 5 kilometers south–southwest of the town of Valmy, Nevada. Other nearby municipalities include Winnemucca and Battle Mountain, Nevada, which lie approximately 58 kilometers to the northwest and 24 kilometers to the southeast of the property, respectively. Activities at the property are centered at approximately 40°45′ north latitude and 117°8′ west longitude.

The surface and mineral rights held by the Company at Marigold are comprised of fee owned real property, unpatented mining claims, and leasehold rights held with respect to unpatented mining claims, mill site claims and certain surface lands. Certain of the leases require the Company to make NSR royalty payments to the lessors and comply with other obligations, including completing work commitments or paying taxes levied on the underlying properties. The NSR royalty payments are based on the specific gold-extraction areas and are payable when the corresponding gold ounces are extracted, produced, and sold. The NSR royalty payments vary between 0% and 10.0% of the value of gold production, net of off‑site refining costs, which equates to an annual average ranging from 3.7% to 10.0% and a weighted average of 7.8% over the life‑of‑mine. Mineral claims in Nevada are managed federally by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management.

The authorized Plan of Operations (“PoO”) area for Marigold currently encompasses approximately 10,703 hectares, with approximately 3,296 hectares within the PoO permitted for mining‑related disturbance. Land and mineral ownership within the PoO are within the corridor initially governed by the Pacific Railroad Act of 1862, and, as such, these areas generally have a “checkerboard” ownership pattern.

New Millennium, enabled by land acquisitions completed in 2016, 2018 and 2019, represents a low cost, high probability development opportunity. The New Millennium target area is comprised of six distinct zones which include East Basalt, Battle Cry, Antler, Section 6, L’il Gun and North Antler. In addition,

exploration on the 100% controlled 8,900-hectare land package to the south of Marigold continues at the past producing Buffalo Valley, North Peak, and Trenton Canyon mines.

History

The first recorded gold production from the property occurred in 1938 when the Marigold Mining Company developed and operated an underground mine which came to be known as Marigold. Approximately 9,000 tonnes of ore, averaging about 6.85 grams of gold per tonne, was processed before World War II halted production. Several unsuccessful attempts were made to open and operate the mine before exploration activities began again in 1968. The property was further explored and developed by various companies and operations from 1968, with two million ounces of gold recovered from Marigold by mid-2009.

The Company acquired Marigold in April 2014 for total cash consideration of $268 million. In August 2015, Marigold mine acquired 2,844 hectares of adjacent land from Newmont Corporation. This land included previously mined areas known as the Mud pit, NW pit, and the Valmy pits. Marigold has now been in continuous operation for more than 30 years and poured the four millionth ounce in 2020.

Geological Setting, Mineralization, and Deposit Types

Marigold is located in north‑central Nevada within the Basin and Range physiographic province bounded by Sierra Nevada to the west and the Colorado Plateau to the east. The western part of the North American continent has undergone a complex history of extensional and compressional tectonics from the Proterozoic through to the Quaternary. Predominantly Paleozoic rifting and basin subsidence led to the formation of thick (hundreds of meters) passive margin sedimentary sequences and repeated inter plate collisions caused accretion of arc related volcanics and ocean floor rocks, which were pushed together with the basin sediments to form fold and thrust belts. Subsequent extension related to subduction and back arc basin rifting resulted in the development of Basin and Range topography. Crustal thinning caused by the extension allowed the rise of magma close to the surface, which produced extensive and voluminous magmatism from the middle Eocene to late Miocene. Crustal extension with bimodal (mafic and felsic) volcanism occurred in the region from the late Miocene to the present day.

The property is in the Battle Mountain mining district on the northern end of the Battle Mountain-Eureka trend, a conspicuous lineament of sedimentary-hosted gold deposits. The Battle Mountain district hosts numerous mineral occurrences, including porphyry copper–gold, porphyry copper–molybdenum, skarn, placer gold, distal disseminated silver-gold, and Carlin-type gold systems. Gold at Marigold is currently mined from multiple deposits located on a >10-kilometer by 1.5-kilometer area. Depth of the mineralization ranges from the surface to about 250m for the oxide ore. The majority of individual mineralization zones at Marigold have coalesced into the Mackay pit.

The gold deposits at Marigold cumulatively define a north trending alignment of gold mineralized rock more than 8 kilometers long. A silver and base metal mineralizing event at Marigold includes a mineral association of chalcopyrite, argentiferous tennantite, galena, and sphalerite. Gold mineralizing fluids were primarily controlled by fault structure and lithology, with tertiary influence by fold geometry. The deposition of gold was restricted to fault zones and quartzite chert dominant horizons within the Valmy Formation and high permeability units within the Antler sequence. Gold mineralization was also influenced by fold geometry in the Valmy Formation.

Rocks within the Marigold mine area are oxidized to a maximum depth of approximately 450 meters. The redox boundary is not consistent throughout the Property and is substantially influenced by lithology. Shale, argillite, and siltstone units are frequently oxidized adjacent to pervasively oxidized quartzite horizons. Gold occurs natively in fractures in association with iron oxide.

Mining Operations

Marigold uses open pit mining methods at a life‑of‑mine sustained mining rate of approximately 250,000 tonnes per day. The mine conducts conventional drilling and blasting activities with a free face trim row blast to ensure stable wall rock conditions. Mining occurs on 15.2-meter benches. Loading operations are currently performed using one electric shovel and three hydraulic shovels. Waste and ore haulage is performed with a fleet of 300 tonne class haul trucks.

The Marigold geotechnical management plan includes highwall monitoring using three radar systems which provide full coverage for the Mackay pit, the mine’s largest, and which can be deployed in smaller pits, if required. Routine monitoring of waste dumps, leach pads and inactive pits using INSAR data is performed by a third party monthly.

Infrastructure, Permitting and Compliance Activities

The infrastructure facilities at Marigold include ancillary buildings, offices and support buildings, access roads into the plant site, power distribution, source of fresh water and water distribution, fuel supply, storage and distribution, waste management and communications. Equipment maintenance is performed on site for all equipment. There are no contract mining operations on site.

Marigold holds valid permits for all facets of the current mining operation as required by county, state, and federal regulations. The Company performs duties on leased lands pursuant to all federal and state requirements to maintain leases in good standing. The Company engages in concurrent reclamation practices and is bonded for all permitted features, as part of the Nevada permitting process.

Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing

Marigold uses an assay method that measures cyanide-soluble gold. This technique generates a value that represents the head grade of the ore in terms of the amount of gold in a finely ground sample that can be dissolved by a strong sodium cyanide solution. The gold content of the final solution is measured using atomic absorption ("AA").

All Marigold blasthole samples are assayed for cyanide-soluble gold. Samples from each ore polygon delineated by ore control are selected for fire assay based on the grade distribution for the polygon tonnage and targeting one sample per every 2,000 short tons of ore. Therefore, some samples have two assay values: an AuCN (cyanide soluble) value; and an AuFA (fire assayed) value. The ratio of AuCN:AuFA provides the theoretical maximum gold recovery that can be achieved.

Testwork has demonstrated that, generally, all ore at Marigold behaves similarly. The ratio of AuCN / AuFA is an important characteristic. A best‑fit linear regression from approximately 155,000 pairs of fire assays (field AUFA in the database) and cyanide soluble assays (field AUAA in the database shows the AuCN / AuFA ratio is 0.8037:1 (~80% cyanide soluble gold), based on the most recent assessment in 2017.

Processing and Recovery Operations

Marigold processing plant and processing facilities combine run-of-mine (“ROM”) heap leaching, carbon adsorption, carbon desorption and electro-winning circuits to produce a final precious metal (doré) product. All processing of ore, which is oxide in nature, is completed via ROM heap leaching. ROM ore is delivered to the leach pad by haulage truck and stacked in 6.1-meter to 12.2-meter lifts. At any given time, approximately 0.5 million square meters of pad area is being leached.

Barren leach solution (cyanide-bearing solution, very low in gold grade) is applied selectively to different areas of the heap leach pad. The barren leach solution is pumped to the leach pad and the pregnant solution (gold-bearing) from the leach pad is then recovered through a carbon in-column system, followed by stripping of metal values from carbon, electrowinning and smelting to yield a doré (containing gold and silver) suitable for sale.

The following tables present the mineral reserves and mineral resources information for Marigold. Additionally, see “Proven and Probable Reserve Estimates” and "Resource Estimates"Estimates by Mineral” in this Item 2 for further information on the mineral resources and mineral reserves for Marigold for the years ended December 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, and see "Operating Statistics" in this Item 2 for further information on production of the Marigold operations for the years ended December 31, 2021,2022, December 31, 20202021 and December 31, 2019.2020. A discussion of the changes in mineral resources and mineral reserves from 2021 to 2022 is also included below.

Exploration

After the purchase of Marigold was completed in 2014, SSR Mining completed a gravity survey in areas that had not been previously covered, with a main objective to delineate possible fluid conduits or feeder structures for the Marigold mineralization. After finalizing the purchase of the Valmy property in 2015, the Company expanded the geophysical gravity survey to include this new ground.

Drilling

The Company has conducted drilling and sampling throughout the Marigold property. 200 reverse circulation holes were completed for a total of 55,624 meters drilled in 2022. As of December 31, 2021,2022, a total of 9,3239,424 drillholes for 1,940,4381,960,011 meters of drilling hadhas been completed on the property. SSR Mining also has undertaken a deep drilling program at Marigold that, to date, includes nine diamond drillholes to test for sulfide mineralization at depth. This drilling has been completed across the property to help understand the overall geology of the property and to target higher gold grade sulfide ores beyond the oxidation boundary.property..

Sampling, Analysis and Data Verification

Since 2014, all exploration samples from Marigold and the Valmy property are analysedanalyzed at American Assay Laboratories (“AAL”), an ISO 17025 certified facility in Sparks, Nevada. AAL is independent from SSR Mining. All samples are subjected to first‑pass fire assay (“FA”) determination with an atomic absorption (“AA”) finish and FA with gravimetric finish for over‑limits. This is followed by a gold cyanide solution assay with an AA finish on samples that have FA values greater than or equal to 0.03 grams of gold per tonne.

Following the acquisition of Marigold and the adjacent Valmy property, the Company’s exploration personnel manually checked the entire drillhole database against the original documents for data entry errors. Less than 1% of the drillholes had any issues, and these were subsequently corrected. As an additional check, SSR Mining acquired the chip trays for 687 drillholes, pulps from 57 drillholes, and sample rejects from 66 drillholes, of which 5% were reviewed for lithology and alteration. The original logging was deemed accurate and was used to construct the lithological models.

The collar positions of 43 Valmy drillholes were verified using differentially corrected GPS methods. The results showed a maximum variance of 4 m in the X/Y planes (easting and northing) and < 1 m in the Z dimension (elevation). This error‑shift is less than half the size of a resource model cell and is not material to any resulting estimate. The Valmy data was deemed accurate and precise, and appropriate for resource estimation purposes.

For data collected after April 2014, verification was completed as part of the generation of the mineral resources estimate for Marigold. Three technical issues were identified in the Marigold mineral resources database which have been resolved: (i) drillholes were missing downhole surveys; (ii) some samples were only assayed by cyanide soluble analysis and not by FA; and (iii) assay results for a high percentage of lower grade samples were recorded as 0.0 grams of gold per tonne.

Capital and Operating Costs.

The capital and operating cost estimates derived for Marigold are based on a combination of the data set forth in the Marigold 2021 Technical Report Summary and budgetary estimates and reflect the Company’s current estimates as of December 31, 2021.2022.

CapitalAs of December 31, 2022, capital costs, exclusive of discretionary exploration, are estimated to be $359$299.0 million for the life of Marigold and are primarily composed of mine and plant equipment and the associated asset componentization. Estimated operating costs for mine operations include both cash and non-cash costs.

Capital costs and operating costs are provided for mineral property disclosure purposes in accordance with NI 51-102 and, generally, are non-GAAP mining company financial measures. See “Additional Mining Company Financial Information” in this Item 2 for more information.

Costs in individual years may vary significantly as a result of, among other things, current or future nonrecurring expenditures, and changes to input costs and exchange rates. Please refer to the Marigold 2021 Technical Report Summary for other key metrics including detailed cash flows by year and net present value computations.

Trenton Canyon and Buffalo Valley

The Trenton Canyon project is located approximately 4 km south of New Millennium at Marigold and is one of three historically producing mines on a 100% controlled 8,900-hectare parcel acquired from Newmont Corporation in 2019. The Buffalo Valley project is located approximately 10 km south‑west of New Millennium.

Exploration work on the Trenton Canyon and Buffalo Valley properties consists of drilling, geophysical surveying, remote sensing, geochemical surveying, and mapping.

Gold mineralization at Trenton Canyon is structurally controlled with significantly less disseminationdisseminated mineralization than at Marigold. The net result of this change in mineralization style is higher gold grades in a smaller volume of mineralized rock at Trenton Canyon.

SSR MiningThe Company completed 59 reverse circulation holes for 17,128 meters and 10 core drillholes for a total of 4,086 meters at Trenton Canyon during 2022. In total the Company has completed 13 deep exploration diamond core holes on Trenton Canyon totaling 10,131 meters, and 249a total of 308 reverse circulation drillholes for 73,16590,293 meters and 22 drillholes for 14,073 meters. As of December 2021, one diamond core hole has been completed

The Company initiated the drilling program at Buffalo Valley tovalley in 2022 and completed 36 reverse circulation drillholes for a depthtotal of 59814,426 meters and 7 core drillholes for 3,315 meters.

The Seabee Gold Operation (“SGO”) is an underground gold mining and milling operation, located in Saskatchewan, Canada. SSR Mining holds a 100% interest in the property through its wholly‑owned subsidiary, SGO Mining Inc.

Property Description and Location

SGO is located at the north end of Laonil Lake, approximately 125 kilometers north-east of the town of La Ronge, Saskatchewan, Canada. Activities at the property are centered at approximately 55.7° north latitude and 103.5° west longitude.

Ore is currently produced from the Santoy underground mine from a ramp access/surface portal and is hauled 14 kilometers to the mill located at the Seabee site. A second underground mine, also having ramp access, was operated from 1991–2018 at Seabee. All ore is processed at the Seabee mill facility, which is located close to the now-closed Seabee mine and has been in operation since 1991. The Seabee mill facility produces gold doré bars that are shipped to a third-party refinery.

The mine is a remote operation. SGO is accessible by fixed-wing aircraft from the town of LaRonge and during the winter months, typically January through the end of March, a 60 kilometers winter road is also built between the mine site and Brabant Lake, approximately 120 kilometers north of La Ronge.

SGO is comprised of seven mineral leases and 102 mineral claims that cover an area of approximately 62,158 hectares, including the Fisher Property rights. SGO is subject to production and NSR royalties payable to third parties, including certain royalty payments to the Province of Saskatchewan, which are calculated on 10% of net operating profits and are payable once capital and exploration costs are recovered. The other NSR royalty payments are based on specific gold production and/or sales and vary between 1.0% and 3.0% of the value of gold production and/or sales, as applicable.

SGO currently has a valid surface lease with the Province of Saskatchewan, which was amended in March 2010. This surface lease provides land surface rights necessary to carry out the mining, milling and associated operations at the SGO. The existing surface lease is in effect from March 2010 to its expiry date of May 31, 2040.

History

The Laonil Lake region has been intermittently explored since the 1940s, with the first gold discovery made by prospectors in 1947, with detailed drilling and exploration of the property constituting the SGO conducted from 1947 until construction of the Seabee mill was initiated in the summer of 1990. Mill

construction was completed in late 1991, and mining commenced in December 1991. Exploration and production expanded into the Santoy segment of the property through the early 2000s.

The Company acquired the SGO on May 31, 2016. SGO has produced over 1.6 million ounces of gold since production began in 1991. Production has steadily increased to achieving 84 koz, 96 koz and 112 koz of gold during 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. A drop in gold production was experienced in 2020 due to impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021 Seabee mineddelivered 119 koz and processed record tonnes delivering record production of 119 koz.

Geological Setting, Mineralization, and Deposit Types

Northern Saskatchewan forms part of the Churchill Province of the Canadian Shield and has been subdivided into a series of litho-structural crustal units, of which the SGO is located within the Glennie domain of the Proterozoic Trans-Hudson Orogen. The Glennie domain is wedge shaped and characterized by arcuate belts of Lower Proterozoic supracrustal rocks separated by granitoid gneisses and granitoid intrusions. It is bounded on the west by the north–north-east trending Stanley shear zone and bounded on the east by the north–south trending Tabbernor fault zone. To the south, Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks cover the Glennie domain.

Gold mineralization at the Santoy mine occurs in gold-sulfide-chlorite-quartz veins in the shear zones, near or in the granodiorite and granite sills. The gold mineralization throughout the SGO exhibits complex geometrical patterns attributed to a combination of structural and/or lithological controls.

Mining Operations

There is currently one operating mine as part of the SGO, that being the underground Santoy mine, with ore hauled to the surface and then 14 kilometers to the mill located near the old Seabee mine.

Access underground at the Santoy mine is provided from the surface via a main ramp with sublevels spaced between 17–20 meters vertically. Mining is carried out using sublevel open stoping mining methods with backfill, with stopes filled with a combination of rock fill and cemented rock fill, mined in a bottom-up mining sequence. Sill pillars are mined on retreat once the stopes below and above have been mined.

Infrastructure, Permitting and Compliance Activities

The major infrastructure at the SGO site includes roads, an airstrip, powerhouse and electrical distribution system, mill buildings and related services facilities, portal and ventilation raises, fuel storage, explosive storage, water supply and distribution, water management ponds and water treatment plant, tailings management facilities, administrative buildings and camp accommodation.

There are currently two tailings management facilities (“TMF”) that are being used by the mill; the East Lake TMF and the Triangle Lake TMF. Tailings deposition alternates between the two TMFs where winter deposition occurs in the Triangle Lake TMF and summer deposition is in the East Lake TMF. The remaining storage capacities of both facilities, based on the planned production rates, will potentially reach maximum capacity towards the end of 2030. To ensure that water treatment volumes are attained, a water treatment plant was constructed at East Lake TMF.

SGO was originally developed based on bench-scale metallurgical testwork that characterized the Seabee deposit as a lode gold style of mineralisation that was free milling and that would respond to a standard flow sheet employing gravity recovery and cyanidation.

Historical recovery at the Seabee mill was in the 94%–96% range, with routine low levels of losses both in the tailings solids and solution. Future recovery estimates are 98%, based on the recent mill performance with recoveries of more than 98%. These improvements are attributed to the better condition of the leach equipment as well as the restored leach capacity.

Processing and Recovery Operations

Material has been processed for 30 years in the mill constructed immediately adjacent to the old Seabee mine. The operation was initially developed and operated on diesel power and later connected to the Saskatchewan grid power in 1992. The initial capacity of the mill was 500 tonnes per day, which was later expanded to a nameplate capacity of 1,000 tonnes per day, with the addition of a third grinding mill in 2005. The mill flow sheet is a conventional crushing and grinding circuit employing gravity concentration and cyanide leaching and carbon-in-pulp for recovery and production of doré gold on site.

Capital projects have included the addition of the primary ball mill, addition of a second Knelson concentrator and AcadiaAcacia gravity gold recovery. The current Seabee process plant capacity is nominally 1,320 tonnes per day, or 1,240 tonnes per day annual average. The Seabee operation is characterized by coarse gold making the gravity recovery circuit critical to the overall gold recovery of the process plant. In recent years, with incorporation of gravity circuit improvements including the Acacia circuit, gold recovery has improved and is typically 98%.

The following tables present the mineral reserves and mineral resources information for SGO. Additionally, see “Proven and Probable Reserve Estimates” and "Resource Estimates"Estimates by Mineral” in this Item 2 for further information on the mineral resources and mineral reserves for the SGO for the years ended December 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, and see "Operating Statistics" in this Item 2 for further information on production of the SGO operations for the years ended December 31, 2021,2022, December 31, 20202021 and December 31, 2019.2020. A discussion of the changes in mineral resources and mineral reserves from 2021 to 2022 is also included below.

Exploration

Historically, several rock and soil sampling programs have been executed on the SGO property. Over 1,200 surface rock samples and nearly 7,000 soil samples were collected between 1985 and 1988, with a further nearly 2,000 surface rock samples and over 7,000 soil samples collected between 1990 and 2013. Early samples were largely collected around the Laonil Lake, Porky Lake and Pine Lake areas, but the focus of exploration later shifted to the Santoy area.

Upon its acquisition of the SGO, SSR Mining performed a review of all exploration activities conducted on the property by previous operators. In addition to the data review, the Company executed an exploration program that included detailed mapping of the Herb West and Santoy Lake areas, as well as the collection of accompanying soil samples to be submitted for gold assay. Limited anomalous occurrences were identified from grab and soil sample results, and no new showings or gold in soil trends were recognized. The Company plans to map additional regions to the north and east within the Herb Lake area as additional shear zones are targeted. The Company has also planned further exploration in prospective areas east and west of the Santoy Lake area.

The objective of ongoing exploration conducted by SSR is to delineate, increase, and upgrade Mineral Resources. Underground drilling since 2016 focused on the Santoy 8 and 9 veins and the Gap Hangingwall and Santoy Hangingwall veins. Since 2016, surface drilling has tested a number of early-stage targets near the SGO infrastructure, notably the past producing Porky West deposit and Shane targets. In total, exploration at the SGO has comprised of surficial geochemical sampling, airborne and ground geophysical surveys and extensive drilling.

At the SGO, the three-year budget calls for an average of 80 km of combined surface and underground drilling per year between 20222023 and 2024. This drilling is for testing of targets to maximize Mineral Resource potential at the mine as SSR develops its long-term strategy for continuing to replenish its 3–5 year reserve inventory in the same way it has for more than 20 years, with particular focus on bringing higher grade zones on stream to displace lower tenor inventory that currently occurs in the schedule from 2024 onwards.

Drilling

In 2022, a total exploration at the SGO has comprised of surficial geochemical sampling, airborne96 drillholes totaling 41,257 meters and ground geophysical surveys and extensive drilling.307 drillholes totaling 37,711 meters from underground were drilled. To date, drilling completed on the SGO property (by SSR and previous operators) includes 2,3242,475 surface drillholes totaling 496,197549,037 meters and 6,1396,436 underground drillholes totaling 1,161,1841,200,029 meters.

Sampling, Analysis and Data Verification

All drill samples in respect of the Seabee Gold Operation underground drilling program and some samples from the surface program were assayed by our onsite non-accredited assay laboratory, which is not independent from SSR Mining.the Company. Surface drilling samples not analyzed by our onsite assay laboratory were analyzed at Saskatchewan Research Council (“SRC”) formerly TSL Laboratories Inc. (“TSL”) in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, which also serves as the QAQC laboratory for our onsite lab. Duplicate check assays were conducted at site as well as at TSL,SRC, which is independent from SSR Mining.the Company. Mean results of the spot checks were consistent with those reported. Sampling interval was established by minimum or maximum sampling lengths and geological and/or structural criteria.

SGO site lab typically prepares two hundred-gram samples that were pulverized until greater than 80 percent passed through a 200-mesh screen. Thirty-gram pulp samples were then analyzed for gold by fire assay with gravimetric finish (0.01 g/t gold detection limit). TSLSRC prepares a minus-200 mesh pulp (95% passing) weighing 250 grams from a minus 10 mesh coarse crush reject. Fire assay with Atomic Absorption finish was completed on a 30-gram aliquot to produce gold analytical results with a 0.003 g/t gold detection limit. Fire assay with gravimetric finish was prepared on those samples with greater than 3 g/t gold.

All regional exploration’s drill and surface samples are analyzed at TSL Laboratories Inc.SRC in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Duplicate check assays are conducted at TSL and the Saskatchewan Research Council,SRC, which are independent from SSR Mining. Mean results of the spot checks were consistent with those reported. Sampling interval was established by minimum or maximum sampling lengths and geological or structural criteria.

Capital and Operating Costs.

Capital costs are estimated to be $162$116.7 million and are primarily composed of mine and plant equipment and the associated asset componentization.componentization as of December 31, 2022. Estimated operating costs for mine operations include both cash and non-cash costs.

Capital costs and operating costs are provided for mineral property disclosure purposes in accordance with NI 51-102 and are mining company financial measures. See “Additional Mining Company Financial Information” in this Item 2 for more information.

Costs in individual years may vary significantly as a result of, among other things, current or future nonrecurring expenditures, and changes to input costs and exchange rates. Please refer to the Seabee 2021 Technical Report Summary for other key metrics including detailed cash flows by year and net present value computations.

In the proposed acquisitionAmisk property the West Channel and Black Diamond trends occur along regional-scale ductile shear zones that range from 5 to 50 meters in orthogonal width. Intermediate volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks core much of Taiga Gold Corp.these trends with lesser meta-volcanic, meta-sedimentary and gabbro packages occurring in December 2021. Upon closing, expectedproximity to the high-strain corridors. Alteration assemblages of sericite, iron-carbonate and silicification dominate the regional shear zones. Localized chlorite and diaspore occurrences are diagnostic and associated with auriferous quartz veins at the Monarch target area. Arsenopyrite is the most common sulfide mineral associated with this vein-hosted gold mineralization. Pyrite, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite are also present, but generally to a lesser degree. Based on visual observations, Sulfide content related to gold mineralization can range from 1%-15%, with most zones hosting 3-5% total sulfide. Coarse visible gold is relatively uncommon on the property and is presently identified at the Raine-Walker, TCA and Black Diamond targets to-date.

In 2022, 13 diamond drillholes totaling 2,526 meters were completed at targets along the West Channel shear zone. A small field program was completed in the first halfsummer that included geological mapping and rock and soil sampling.

The San Luis project is a wholly owned high-grade gold-silver project located in the Ancash Department of 2022, SSR Mining will own 100%central Peru. The project is held by the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Reliant Ventures S.A.C.

In September 2012, Peru’s Ministry of Mines and Energy approved the EIA for the mining operation of the Fisher project. The Fisher property is contiguous toAyelén deposit. Based on the SGO leases southeastpreliminary and early works the Company conducted in respect of the Santoy mine.project in 2017, the EIA now has no expiry date.

While community relations efforts with both the Fisher property is foundCochabamba and the Ecash Communities continues, exploration activities included geological mapping and prospecting. Fieldwork resulted in four major areas,the discovery of six new gold and silver-bearing quartz veins within 16 kilometers1.5 km of the Santoy mine. Mineralization observed onAyelen vein system. Additional work is planned for 2023 to define the Fisher property to date is similar to thatextent and continuity of Santoy, where disseminated to coarse gold-bearing sheeted quartz veins occur along major ductile shear zones. Like the SGO, the Fisher property is hosted within the Pine Lake greenstone belt, which is dominated by supracrustal rocks, including mafic volcanics, sediments, mafic intrusions and a range of felsic intrusions, of which some are directly associated with gold-bearing quartz veins. The southern extension of the Santoy shear zone onto the Fisher property is an underexplored goldmineralization.

Çöpler consists of a number of mining licenses covering mineral resources on the Çöpler, Çakmaktepe, Çakmaktepe Extension, and Bayramdere deposits, mineral reserves on the Çöpler, Çakmaktepe Extension and Çakmaktepe deposits, oxide and sulfide processing facilities, and supporting infrastructure. The Çöpler deposit, including the mineral resources and mineral reserves, is wholly owned by Anagold Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret Anonim Şirketi (“Anagold”). SSR Mining controls 80% of the shares of Anagold through a joint venture, Lidya Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş. (“Lidya”) controls 18.5%, and a bank wholly‑owned by Çalık Holdings A.Ş. holds the remaining 1.5%. Çakmaktepe is wholly owned by Kartaltepe Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret Anonim Şirketi (“Kartaltepe”). Kartaltepe is 80% owned by SSR Mining and 20% owned by Lidya after the completion of a 2022 acquisition of an additional 30% ownership interest in the Kartaltepe from partner Lidya, increasing SSR Mining’s ownership interest from 50% to 80%. The Çakmaktepe Extension deposit spans both Kartaltepe and Anagold ground. The Kartaltepe license includes Çakmaktepe Extension, Çakmaktepe, Bayramdere and the Mavialtin Porphyry Belt. SSR Mining is the Operator of both Anagold and Kartaltepe. All of the processing facilities and operating assets are located on land owned by Anagold. In total 80% of the exclusive Mineral Resources and 80% of the Mineral Reserves at PunaÇöpler project are owned by SSR Mining.

Under Turkish Mining Law, the royalty rate for precious metals is variable and tied to metal prices. The Çöpler project is subject to a maximum 3% ‘mouth of mine value’mineral production royalty that is based on a sliding scale to gold price and is payable to the Province of Jujuy. ThisTurkish government. In September 2020 a presidential decree was issued, increasing the prescribed royalty paymentrates by 25%. Royalty rates are reduced by 40% for ore processed in country, as an incentive to process ore locally. As the Çöpler project produces its gold doré on-site, the Çöpler project is based oneligible for a 40% reduction to the net recoverable value of the contained metals less certain operating costs.royalty rate.

History

Chinchillas was first prospectedThe Çöpler region has been subject to gold and mined in small scalesilver mining dating back to Roman times. The Turkish Geological Survey carried out regional exploration work in the eighteenth century by Jesuit missionaries. An initial mining concessionearly-1960s that was grantedpredominately confined to geological mapping.

In 1998, Anatolia Minerals Development Ltd (“Anatolia”) identified several porphyry-style gold–copper prospects in 1956, with small scale production beginning after 1968 through 1982. Explorationeast central Türkiye and sampling were conducted on and off at Chinchillas between 1982 andapplied for exploration licenses for these prospects, including in the mid-2010s. Between the 1930s and 1995, the area of the Pirquitas mine had multiple small mining operations to recover silver and tin from placer and vein deposits, with comprehensive mineral exploration conducted on the property between 1995 and 2000. The Pirquitas mine was formally inaugurated in AprilÇöpler basin. In August 2009, and commercial production started in December of that year until open pit ore mining was completed in mid‑January 2017. The Pirquitas processing plant has been in continuous operation since 2009.

In February 2011, Anatolia merged with Avoca Resources Limited, an Australian company, to become Alacer Gold Corp., which further merged with SSR Mining in October 2015 comprising the Chinchillas property, the Pirquitas pit and the Pirquitas operations. The agreement included an 18‑month pre-development period to advance Chinchillas, including the infill drilling, engineering and environmental studies, and permitting, with an option for the Company to assume full ownership, which the Company exercised on March 31, 2017.September 2020.

Geological Setting, Mineralization, and Deposit Types

Çöpler is located near the northern margin of a complex collision zone that lies between the Pontide Belt / North Anatolian Fault, the Arabian Plate, and the East Anatolian Fault, which bounds several major plates. The Chinchillasgold, silver, and Pirquitas properties are considered partcopper mineralization of economic interest at Çöpler occurs in a porphyry-related epithermal environment, with most of the Bolivian tin‑silver–zinc belt that extendsgold mineralization concentrated in three zones: Main Zone, Manganese Zone, and Marble Zone, with mineralization present in five different forms:

The Manganese Zone (pit) is about 650 m wide in the north-south direction and about 650 m in the east-west direction. The surface was predominantly covered with marble. A major component of the mineralization is associated with the contact between the diorite and the marble. Disseminated mineralization also occurs outside the contact zones. Mineralization ranges from the San Rafael tin‑copper deposit in southern Peru into the Puna region of Jujuy and are locatedsurface to 400m deep.

The Marble Zone (pit) is in the Puna geological belt. Deposits with similar environments and styles of mineralization include San Cristóbal, Potosí, and Pulacayo. These deposits are generally characterized by intrusion of dacite dome complexes with mineralization hosted in shears and breccias within the dacite domes and / or within shears and breccias within the host rocks. More rarely, as in the casesoutheastern portion of the Chinchillas Propertysystem and San Cristóbal,associated with a northeast striking fault contact between marble on the deposits also contain disseminated flat lying manto bodies within sedimentaryeast and pyroclastic rocks that are cut byhornfels (metasediments) and intrusives on the ‘feeder’ shears. Allwest. The width is almost 350 m and the deposits are knownstrike length is about 300 m east-north-east. Depth of the mineralization ranges from the surface to have large vertical extents.about 160 m.

Significant silver-lead-zincThe Main Zone (pit) drilling identified a mineralization occurs in four main areas atextending about 750 m north-south and 1,000 m east west. Oxide zone is confined to near surface to depths of about 40 m. Main Pit is the Chinchillas Property deposit: the Silver Mantos and Mantos Basement zoneslargest area of exposure in the west partand south of the Project,Çöpler mine and exposes dominantly diorite-granodiorite porphyry in

the Socavon del Diablosouthern wall in contact with Hornfels Block. High grade gold is controlled by both faults and Socavon Basementcontacts. Supergene enrichment enhanced along syn- and post-mineral structures plays an important role in localizing high-grade gold mineralization at lithological contacts, late-stage faults and shear zones, and fault/contact intersections.

The West Pit exposes a high-grade gossan/fanglomerates at the basal contact of Munzur Limestone with hornfels. The contact is locally well preserved and shows a ~10 m thick zone of broken rock cataclastites at the base of limestone on a wide zone of highly sheared hornfelds with folded foliations. Some Gossans would be supergene of polymetallic replacement deposits. Gossans are confined to limestone and hornfels and enriched/formed as a result of karstic process in the east part.area.

Mining Operations

Open pit mining at Çöpler is carried out by a mining contractor and managed by Anagold. The Chinchillas depositmining method is mined as a conventional open pit method with drill and blast, utilizing excavators and trucks operating on bench heights of 5 meters. The mining contractor provides operators, line supervisors, equipment, and ancillary facilities required for the mining operation. MostAnagold provides management, technical, mine planning, engineering, and grade control functions for the operation.

The tailings storage facility is developed and constructed in stages with ongoing work to ensure sufficient long-term capacity for storage of tailings. Studies by Anagold have determined that the effect of the in-pit haulage for both ore and waste is carried out using 100 tonne haul trucks. Ore is mined in five-meter benches and stockpiled in a staging area closeaddition of the flotation plant to the pit. Insulfide plant circuit will result in an increase in the staging area, ore is loaded onto 35 tonne road trucks to be transported tosolids content and improvement in the crusher at the Pirquitas operation. Throughout the mining operation, low grade ore is stockpiled near the pit rim to be processed at the end of mine life. Waste rock will be mined and hauled to two major on-site rock storage facilitiesfinal settled density based on their geochemical characteristics.

Infrastructure, Permitting and Compliance Activities

Infrastructure at Chinchillas is limited. Electricity onsite at Chinchillas is supplied along existingThe power lines from the generators at Pirquitas. Water supply for human consumption comes from bottled water, and water for mining operations is drawn from wells.

Operation of the camp.

Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing

The heap leaching facilities were commissioned at the Çöpler mine site in late-2010 and have operated continuously since that time. Oxide heap leach operations were ongoing at the CDMP21TRS effective date.

Metallurgical testwork on Çakmaktepe oxide material for heap leaching has been undertaken at the on-site metallurgical testinglaboratory, initially under the supervision of ChinchillasKappes, Cassiday & Associates. The initial testwork in 2015 undertook bottle roll and column leach tests. The results are comparable with the Çöpler oxide ore, typeswith similar behavior and leach kinetics. Subsequently, Çakmaktepe oxide ore has been heap leached along with Çöpler oxide ore. Oxide column testwork on oxide ore continues at the on-site laboratory.

The sulfide process plant commenced commissioning in 2013the fourth quarter of 2018. The plant consists principally of a pressure oxidation (POX) leach followed by a cyanide leach to recover gold.

Significant testwork had been conducted on sulfide ores prior to commissioning of the sulfide plant, with pilot plant testwork campaigns and continued until 2016. a significant number of batch variability tests on POX / cyanide leach completed.

The first testwork was focusedindicates that sulfur recovery through flotation is estimated to be 75% to concentrate with a corresponding 55% gold recovery. Flotation tails gold recovery is estimated at 43%. A side stream flotation plant capable of treating 50 to 150 tonnes per hour commenced commissioning on silverDecember 24, 2021.

The current determination of POX gold recovery is based on assessment of results for the pilot testwork programs undertaken prior to commencement of operations and benchmarked with the existing operating data. An equation has been derived to calculate gold recovery by both leachingmaterial type for all ore that is subject to POX; this includes direct POX feed and flotation methods with flotation proving to be superior at this early stage.concentrate. The second program continued process development of flotation into separate lead/silver and zinc concentrates. The third testwork campaign was designed to advance the flotation process and test specifically these ore types to the Pirquitas mill flow sheet.

Processing and Recovery Operations

The PirquitasCompany currently operates a sulfide process plant and an oxide heap leach facility.

The sulfide plant commenced commissioning in the fourth quarter of 2018. The basic flow of processing through the sulfide plant consistsis as follows:

The incorporation of crushinga flotation circuit into the existing sulfide plant to upgrade sulfide sulfur to fully utilize grinding and froth flotationpressure oxidation (“POX”) autoclave capacity was constructed and commenced ore production at the end of December 2021. This addition to produce 2 products,the sulfide plant is incorporated between grinding and acidulation by taking a silver/lead and a zinc concentrate. These 2 product concentrates are bagged separately in one tonne bags and transported to Buenos Aires by truck for export to smelters. The Pirquitas process plant has continued to improve performancebleed / slip stream from the expected 4,000grinding thickener feed, floating sulfides, and returning the sulfide concentrate to the grinding thickener to be combined with direct autoclave feed. Gold in the flotation tails (not recovered to the flotation concentrate) is combined with the material that was processed through the POX autoclave circuit, this combined stream then goes to the gold leaching and recovery circuits to recover gold.

Since completing ramp-up of the sulfide plant in June 2020, POX throughput has progressively improved to exceed design up to a monthly average peak of 330 tonnes per day feed capacity to 4,500hour and at the maximum sulfide sulfur of 13.7 tonnes per day achieved in 2021.hour. The gold recovery has remained at around 91% with the tailings grade ranging between about 0.25–0.30 grams of gold per tonne.

The following tables summarize the Company's estimated gold reserves and resources reflecting only the reserves and resources attributable to SSR Mining's ownership or economic interest as of December 31, 2022. Additionally, see “Proven and Probable Reserve Estimates” and "Resource Estimates"Estimates by Mineral” in this Item 2 for further information on the mineral resources and mineral reserves for Puna for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020,Çöpler, and see "Operating Statistics" in this Item 2 for further information on production of the PunaÇöpler operations for the years ended December 31, 2021, December 31, 20202022 and December 31, 2019.