UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
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þ☑ | | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20182019
or
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o☐ | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from __________to ___________
Commission file number 0-24206
Penn National Gaming, Inc.PENN NATIONAL GAMING, INC.
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Pennsylvania | | 23-2234473 |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | 23-2234473
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
825 Berkshire Blvd., Suite 200
Wyomissing,Pennsylvania19610
(610) (610) 373-2400
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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| Title of each class | Trading symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered |
| Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share | PENN | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YESYes þ NONo o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YESYes o NONo þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YESYes þ NONo o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). YESYes þ NO o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filerþ | ☑ | Accelerated filero | ☐ | Non-accelerated filero | ☐ | Smaller reporting companyo | ☐ | Emerging growth companyo | ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YESYes o☐ NONo þ
As of June 30, 2018,2019, the aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $2.9$2.2 billion. Such aggregate market value was computed by reference to the closing price of the common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on June 30, 2018.
28, 2019. As of February 19, 2019,21, 2020, the number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding was 116,840,000.116,864,066.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s definitive 20192020 proxy statement, anticipated to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
PENN NATIONAL GAMING, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
IMPORTANT FACTORS REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This document includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These statements are included throughout the document, including the section entitled “Risk Factors,” and relate to our business strategy, our prospects and our financial position. These statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “expects,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “seeks,” “may,” “will,” “should” or “anticipates” or the negative or other variation of these or similar words, or by discussions of future events, strategies or risks and uncertainties. Specifically, forward-looking statements may include, among others, statements concerning:
our expectations of future results of operations or financial condition;
our expectations for our operating properties or our development projects;
the timing, cost and expected impact of planned capital expenditures on our results of operations;
the impact of our geographic diversification;
our expectations with regard to the impact of competition;
our expectations regarding economic and consumer conditions;
information regarding our recent acquisitions of Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc. (“Pinnacle”) and Margaritaville Resort Casino (“Margaritaville Resort Casino”) in Bossier City, Louisiana, including the potential synergies of these acquisitions, and our pending acquisition of the gaming operations of Greektown Hotel-Casino (“Greektown”) in Detroit, Michigan;
our expectations regarding the completion of our acquisition of Greektown;
our expectations with regard to further acquisitions and development opportunities, as well as the integration and ultimate results of any companies we have acquired or may acquire;
the outcome and financial impact of the litigation in which we are or will be periodically involved;
the actions of regulatory, legislative, executive or judicial decisions at the federal, state or local level with regard to our current businesses and new business lines and the impact of any such actions;
our ability to integrate the businesses of Pinnacle, Margaritaville Resort Casino and Greektown into our business successfully or realize the anticipated benefits of these transactions;
our expectations of the utilization of technology for social and real money iGaming;
our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations under our outstanding indebtedness; and
our expectations for the continued availability and cost of capital.
Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, they are inherently subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about our subsidiaries and us. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ materially from our expectations, and accordingly, our forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors described below and in the information incorporated by reference herein. Meaningful factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements include, without limitation, risks related to the following:
the ability of our operating teams to drive revenue and profit growth at existing and recently acquired or soon-to-be opened properties;
the impact of significant competition from other gaming and entertainment operations;
our ability to obtain timely regulatory approvals required to own, develop and/or operate our facilities, or other delays, approvals or impediments to completing our planned acquisitions or projects, such as construction factors, including delays, unexpected costs, local opposition, and organized labor;
the passage of state, federal or local legislation (including referenda) that would expand, restrict, further tax, prevent or negatively impact operations in or adjacent to the jurisdictions in which we do or seek to do business (such as smoking restrictions at our facilities);
with respect to our sports betting and iGaming operations, risks relating to entering into a new line of business, including our ability to establish relationships with key partners or vendors and generate sufficient returns on investment, as well as risks relating to potential legislation in various jurisdictions;
our ability to maintain agreements with our horsemen, pari-mutuel clerks and other organized labor groups;
the effects of local and national economic, credit, capital market, housing, and energy conditions on the economy in general and on the gaming and lodging industries in particular;
the activities of our competitors (for instance, in Massachusetts) and the continued increase of new competitors (traditional, internet, social, sweepstakes based and video gaming terminals (“VGTs”) in bars, truck stops and other retail establishments);
increases in the effective rate of taxation at any of our properties or at the corporate level;
our ability to identify attractive acquisition and development opportunities (especially in new business lines) and to agree to terms with, and maintain good relationships with partners/municipalities for such transactions;
the costs and risks involved in the pursuit of such opportunities and our ability to complete the acquisition or development of, and achieve the expected returns from, such opportunities;
our ability to successfully integrate the Pinnacle, Margaritaville Resort Casino and Greektown businesses in an efficient and effective manner and our ability to obtain the anticipated synergies resulting from cost savings and operating efficiencies;
our ability to maintain market share at our facilities;
our expectations for the continued availability and cost of capital;
the impact of weather on our business;
the outcome of pending legal proceedings;
changes in accounting standards;
the risk of failing to maintain the integrity of our information technology infrastructure and safeguard our business, employee and customer data;
our ability to generate sufficient future taxable income to realize our deferred tax assets;
with respect to our social and other interactive gaming endeavors, risks related to the iGaming industry, employee retention, cyber-security, data privacy, implementing technological advancements, intellectual property and legal and regulatory challenges, increasing competition as well as our ability to successfully develop innovative new games that attract and retain a significant number of players in order to grow our revenues and earnings;
our ability to successfully compete in the VGT market, our ability to retain existing customers and secure new customers, risks relating to municipal authorization of VGT operations and the implementation and the ultimate success of the products and services being offered;
with respect to recent gaming expansion in Pennsylvania, including our Category 4 licenses in York County and Berks County, risks related to the potential cannibalization of Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course, Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course, Meadows Racetrack and Casino and Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races, ongoing litigation surrounding Pennsylvania’s gaming expansion legislation and the ultimate location of other gaming facilities in the Commonwealth;
with respect to our pending acquisition of the operations of Greektown, the possibility that the proposed transaction does not close when expected or at all because required regulatory or other approvals are not received or other conditions to the closing are not satisfied on a timely basis or at all; potential adverse reactions or changes to business
or employee relationships, including those resulting from the announcement or completion of the transaction; the possibility that the anticipated benefits of the transaction are not realized when expected or at all; and
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• | other factors included in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or discussed in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. |
All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this document. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed in this document may not occur.
PART I
Overview
Penn National Gaming, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, is a leading, diversified, multi-jurisdictional owner and manager of gaming and racing facilitiesproperties and video gaming terminal (“VGT”) operations with a focus on slot machine entertainment. In the second half of 2018, we launchedoperations. We currently offer live sports wageringbetting at our facilitiesproperties in Indiana, Iowa, Mississippi, Nevada, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. In addition, the Company operatesWe operate an interactive gaming (“iGaming”) division through itsour subsidiary, Penn Interactive Ventures, LLC (“PIV”Penn Interactive”). , which recently launched an online casino (“iCasino”) in Pennsylvania through our HollywoodCasino.com gaming platform and entered into multi-year agreements with leading sports betting operators for online sports betting and iGaming market access across our portfolio of properties. Our MYCHOICE® customer loyalty program currently has over 20 million members and provides such members with various benefits, including complimentary goods and/or services. References in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, to “Penn National,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to Penn National Gaming, Inc. and its subsidiaries, except where stated or the context otherwise indicates.
As of December 31, 2018,2019, we owned, managed, or had ownership interests in 40 facilities41 properties in 18 jurisdictions.19 states. The majority of the gaming facilitiesreal estate assets (i.e., land and buildings) used in the Company’s operations are subject to triple net master leases; the most significant of which are the Penn Master Lease and the Pinnacle Master Lease (as such terms are defined in the “MasterTriple Net Leases” section below and collectively referred to as the “Master Leases”), with Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc. (NASDAQ: GLPI) (“GLPI”), a publicly-traded real estate investment trust (“REIT”). In addition, we are currently developing two Category 4 satellite gaming casinos in Pennsylvania: Hollywood Casino York and Hollywood Casino Morgantown, both of which are expected to commence operations by the end of 2020. In February 2020, we closed on our investment in Barstool Sports, Inc. (“Barstool Sports”), asa leading digital sports, entertainment and media platform, pursuant to a stock purchase agreement with Barstool Sports and stockholders of Barstool Sports, in which we purchased approximately 36% of the landlord undercommon stock of Barstool Sports for a purchase price of approximately $163 million. The purchase price consisted of approximately $135 million in cash and $28 million in shares of non-voting convertible preferred stock. Furthermore, three years after the closing of the transaction (or earlier at our election), we will increase our ownership in Barstool Sports to approximately 50% with an incremental investment of approximately $62 million, consistent with the implied valuation at the time of the initial investment. With respect to the remaining Barstool Sports shares, we have immediately exercisable call rights, and the existing Barstool Sports stockholders have put rights exercisable beginning three years after closing, all based on a fair market value calculation at the time of exercise (subject to a cap of $650.0 million and a floor of 2.25 times the annualized revenue of Barstool Sports, all subject to various adjustments). We also have the option to bring in another partner who would acquire a portion of our share of Barstool Sports. Upon closing, we became Barstool Sports’ exclusive gaming partner for up to 40 years and have the sole right to utilize the Barstool Sports brand for all of our online and retail sports betting and iCasino products. We expect to launch our online sports gaming app called Barstool Sports in August 2020 and anticipate that this transaction will facilitate the Company’s omni-channel growth.
In May 2019, we acquired Greektown Casino-Hotel (“Greektown”) in Detroit, Michigan, subject to a triple net lease with VICI Properties Inc. (NYSE: VICI) (“VICI” and collectively with GLPI, our “REIT Landlords”) (the “Greektown Lease”) and, in January 2019, we acquired Margaritaville Casino Resort (“Margaritaville”) in Bossier City, Louisiana, subject to a triple net lease with VICI (the “Margaritaville Lease” and collectively with the Master Leases. GLPI was formedLeases, the Greektown Lease and the Meadows Lease (as defined in November 2013 through a tax-free spin-off (the “Spin-Off”) in which the Company separated its gaming operating assets from its real estate assets. In this Annual Report on Form 10-K,“Triple Net Leases” section below), the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company,” “Penn” and “Penn National” refer to Penn National Gaming, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.“Triple Net Leases”). In October 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc. (“Pinnacle”), a leading regional gaming operator (the “Pinnacle Acquisition”). In conjunction with the Pinnacle Acquisition, the Company divested the membership interests of certain Pinnacle subsidiaries, which operated the casinos known as Ameristar Casino Resort St. Charles, Ameristar Casino Hotel Kansas City, Belterra Casino Resort and Belterra Park (referred to collectively as the “Divested Properties”), to Boyd Gaming Corporation (“Boyd”)(NYSE: BYD). Additionally, as a part of the transaction, (i) GLPI acquired the real estate assets associated with Plainridge Park Casino and concurrently leased back the real estatesuch assets to the Company (the “Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback”) and (ii) a subsidiary of Boyd acquired the real estate assets associated with Belterra Park from a subsidiary of GLPI.. In connection with the sale of the Divested Properties to Boyd as well asand the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback, the Pinnacle Master Lease, which was assumed by the Company concurrent with the closing of the Pinnacle Acquisition, was amended. The Pinnacle Acquisition added twelve12 gaming properties to our holdings and provides us with greater operational scale and geographic diversity.
In November 2018, we announced that the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the operations of Greektown Casino-Hotel in Detroit, Michigan, subject to a triple net lease with VICI Properties, Inc. (“VICI”), a publicly-traded REIT, which we expect to close in the second quarter 2019. In January 2019, we acquired Margaritaville Casino Resort subject to a triple net lease with VICI (the “Margaritaville Lease”). Further, we have planned two development projects in Pennsylvania: Hollywood Casino York and Hollywood Casino Morgantown (a greenfield project), which are both Category 4 satellite gaming facilities. We anticipate that both of these development projects will be complete within 12-18 months after obtaining the necessary local and regulatory approvals.portfolio.
In May 2017, we completed the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica (f/k/a Bally’s Casino Tunica) and Resorts Casino Tunica.Tunica (which ceased operations in June 2019). In August 2016, we enhanced our social gaming offerings with the acquisition of Rocket Speed, Inc. (“Rocket Speed”), a leading developer of social casino games. In June 2015, we opened Plainridge Park Casino an integrated racing and slots-only gaming facility in Plainville, Massachusetts, and in August 2015, we completed the acquisition of our first Las Vegas strip asset, Tropicana Las Vegas. In September
2015, we acquired Illinois Gaming Investors LLC (d/b/a Prairie State Gaming) (“Prairie State Gaming”), one of the largest VGT route operators in Illinois, which has since acquired four small VGT route-operatorsroute operators based in Illinois. In 2015, PIV launched our HollywoodCasino.com Play4Fun social gaming platform with Scientific Games Corporation, and in August 2016, we enhanced our social gaming offerings with the acquisition of Rocket Speed, Inc. (“Rocket Speed”), a leading developer of social casino games.
We believe that our portfolio of assets provides us the benefit of a geographically diversifiedgeographically-diversified cash flow from operations. We expect to continue to expand our gaming operations through the implementation and execution of a disciplined capital expenditure program at our existing properties, the pursuit of strategic acquisitions and investments, and the development of new gaming properties. In addition, we expectthe partnership with Barstool Sports reflects our strategy to pursue opportunities within other distribution channels, such ascontinue evolving from the nation’s largest regional gaming operator to a best-in-class omni-channel provider of retail gaming, socialand online gaming and real money iGaming.sports betting entertainment.
Triple Net Leases
As noted above, the majority of the gaming facilitiesreal estate assets used in the Company’s operations are subject to either the Penn Master Lease or the Pinnacle Master Lease. In addition, three of the gaming facilities used in our operations are subject to individual triple net leases. Under triple net master leases, in addition to lease payments for the real estate assets, (i.e., land and buildings), the Company is required to pay the following, among other things: (1) all facility maintenance; (2) all insurance required in connection with the leased properties and the business conducted on the leased properties; (3) taxes levied on or with respect to the leased properties (other than taxes on the income of the lessor); and (4) all utilities and other services necessary or appropriate for the leased properties and the business conducted on the leased properties.
The following summaries of the Master Leases are qualified in their entirety by reference to either the Penn Master Lease or the Pinnacle Master Lease, as applicable, and subsequent amendments, all of which are attached hereto asincorporated by reference in the exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Penn Master Lease
Pursuant to a triple net master lease with GLPI (the “Penn Master Lease”), which became effective November 1, 2013, the Company leases real estate assets associated with 2019 of the gaming facilities used in its operations. We determined that the Penn Master Lease did not meet the requirements of a normal leaseback under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 840 “Leases” due to prohibited forms of continuing involvement; and is, therefore, accounted for as a financing obligation.
The Penn Master Lease has an initial term of 15 years with four subsequent, five-year renewal periods on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. If we elect to renew the term of the Penn Master Lease, the renewal will be effective as to all of the leased propertyreal estate assets then subject to the Penn Master Lease, provided thatsubject to limitations on the final renewal option shall only be exercisableterm with respect to certain of the barge-based facilities (i.e., facilities where barges serve as foundations upon which buildings are constructed to serve as gaming or related facilities or serve ancillary purposes such as access platforms or shear barges to protect a gaming facility from floating debris) following an independent third party expert’s review of the total useful life of the applicable barged-based facility measured from the beginning of the initial term. If the final five-year renewal term would not cause the aggregate term to exceed 80% of the useful life of such facility, the facility shall be included in the five-year renewal. In the event that a five-year renewal of such facility would cause it to exceed 80% of the estimated useful life, such facility shall be included in the renewal for the period of time equal to but not exceeding 80% of the estimated useful life.
The payment structure under the Penn Master Lease includes a fixed component, a portion of which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2%, depending on the Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Penn Master Lease) of 1.8:1, and a component that is based on the performance of the facilities, which is prospectively adjusted (i) every five years by an amount equal to 4% of the average change in net revenues of all facilities under the Penn Master Lease compared to a contractual baseline (other than Hollywood Casino Columbus and Hollywood Casino Toledo) during the preceding five years (“Penn Percentage Rent”) and (ii) monthly by an amount equal to 20% of the net revenues of Hollywood Casino Columbus and Hollywood Casino Toledo in excess of a contractual baseline. Additionally, effective November 1, 2018, the percentage rent reset resulted in an annual rent reduction of $11.3 million, which will be in effect until the Company’s next percentage rent reset occurring on November 1, 2023.
In April 2014, we entered into an amendment to the Penn Master Lease in order to revise certain provisions relating to our Sioux City property. In accordance with that amendment, upon the cessation of gaming operations at Argosy Casino Sioux City on July 30, 2014, due to the termination of its gaming license, the annual payment to GLPI was reduced by $6.2 million. In addition, with the openings of Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway and Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course in September 2014, our annual payment increased by $19 million, which approximated 10% of the real estate construction costs paid for by GLPI related to these facilities.
In May 2017, following the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica, we entered into an amendment to the Penn Master Lease in order to add the two additional facilities. The Company operates both 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica and leases the underlying real estate assets associated with these two properties from GLPI with a total initial annual payment of $9.0 million subject to the provisions included in the terms of the Penn Master Lease.
We do not have the ability to terminate our obligations under the Penn Master Lease prior to its expiration without GLPI’s consent. If the Penn Master Lease is terminated prior to its expiration other than with GLPI’s consent, we may be liable for damages and incur charges such as continued lease payments through the end of the lease term and maintenance costs for the leased property.
Pinnacle Master Lease
In connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition, the Company assumed a triple net master lease with GLPI (“Pinnacle Master Lease”), originally effective April 28, 2016 (“Pinnacle Master Lease”).2016. Concurrent with the closing of the Pinnacle Acquisition on October 15, 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to the Pinnacle Master Lease to, among other things, (i) remove Ameristar Casino Resort St. Charles, Ameristar Casino Hotel Kansas City and Belterra Casino Resort, which were sold to Boyd, and (ii) add Plainridge Park Casino, whose real estate assets were sold to GLPI for $250.0 million and concurrently leased back to the Company for a fixed annual rent of $25.0 million. Further, the rent payment under the Pinnacle Master Lease was increased by a fixed annual amount of $13.9 million to adjust the rent to reflect current market conditions.Casino. Pursuant to the Pinnacle Master Lease, the Company leases real estate assets associated with twelve12 of the gaming facilities used in its operations from GLPI. Similar to the Penn Master Lease, the Pinnacle Master Lease is accounted for as a financing obligation.
Upon assumption of the Pinnacle Master Lease, as amended, there were 7.5 years remaining of the initial 10-yearten-year term, with five subsequent, five-year renewal periods exercisable at the Company’s option. The payment structure under
Meadows Lease, Margaritaville Lease and Greektown Lease
In connection with the Pinnacle MasterAcquisition, the Company assumed a triple net lease of the real estate assets used in the operations of Meadows Racetrack and Casino (the “Meadows Lease”), originally effective September 9, 2016, with GLPI as the landlord. Upon assumption of the Meadows Lease, includes a fixed component, which is subject to an annual escalatorthere were eight years remaining of up to 2%, dependingthe initial ten-year term, with three subsequent, five-year renewal options followed by one four-year renewal option on the Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as definedsame terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option.
As discussed above, in separate acquisitions, the Company entered into the Margaritaville Lease with VICI for the real estate assets used in the Pinnacle Master Lease)operations of 1.8:1,Margaritaville and a component that is basedthe Greektown Lease with VICI for the real estate assets used in the operations of Greektown. Both the Margaritaville Lease and the Greektown Lease have initial terms of 15 years, with four subsequent five-year renewal options on the performance ofsame terms and conditions, exercisable at the facilities, which is prospectively adjusted every two years by an amount equal to 4% of the average change in net revenues of all facilities under the Pinnacle Master Lease compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding two years (“Pinnacle Percentage Rent”). The next Pinnacle Percentage Rent reset will occur effective May 1, 2020.
We do not have the ability to terminate our obligations under the Pinnacle Master Lease prior to its expiration without GLPI’s consent. If the Pinnacle Master Lease is terminated prior to its expiration other than with GLPI’s consent, we may be liable for damages and incur charges such as continued lease payments through the end of the lease term and maintenance costs for the leased property.
Operating Properties
We view each of our gaming and racing facilities as an operating segment with the exception of our two facilities in Jackpot, Nevada, which we view as one operating segment, and our combined VGT operations as an operating segment. For financial reporting purposes, we aggregate our operating segments into four reportable segments. The table below summarizes certain features of the properties owned, operated and/or managed by us as of December 31, 2018 as well as Margaritaville Resort Casino, which we acquired on January 1, 2019:2019, by reportable segment (all area and capacity metrics are approximate):
| | | | Location | | Real Estate Assets Lease or Ownership Structure | | Type of Facility | | Gaming Square Footage | | Gaming Machines | | Table Games (1) | | Hotel Rooms | Location | | Real Estate Assets Lease or Ownership Structure | | Type of Facility | | Gaming Square Footage | | Gaming Machines | | Table Games (1) | | Hotel Rooms |
Northeast segment | | |
| Ameristar East Chicago | East Chicago, IN | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 56,000 | | 1,720 | | 72 | | 288 | East Chicago, IN | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 70,000 | | 1,790 | | 85 | | 288 |
| Greektown Casino-Hotel | | Detroit, MI | | Greektown Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 100,000 | | 2,601 | | 62 | | 400 |
| Hollywood Casino Bangor | Bangor, ME | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 31,750 | | 730 | | 14 | | 152 | Bangor, ME | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 31,750 | | 726 | | 14 | | 152 |
| Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races | Charles Town, WV | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 115,000 | | 2,302 | | 73 | | 153 | Charles Town, WV | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 115,000 | | 2,292 | | 74 | | 153 |
| Hollywood Casino Columbus | Columbus, OH | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 160,000 | | 2,127 | | 64 | | — | Columbus, OH | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 168,000 | | 2,082 | | 70 | | — |
Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg (2) | Lawrenceburg, IN | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 146,500 | | 1,522 | | 78 | | 463 | |
Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg (3) | | Lawrenceburg, IN | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 146,500 | | 1,521 | | 58 | | 463 |
| Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course | Grantville, PA | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 99,500 | | 2,002 | | 69 | | — | Grantville, PA | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 99,500 | | 2,002 | | 79 | | — |
| Hollywood Casino Toledo | Toledo, OH | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 125,000 | | 2,042 | | 69 | | — | Toledo, OH | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 125,000 | | 2,041 | | 69 | | — |
| Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway | Dayton, OH | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 30,000 | | 1,077 | | — | | — | Dayton, OH | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 33,500 | | 1,045 | | — | | — |
| Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course | Youngstown, OH | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 50,000 | | 1,100 | | — | | — | Youngstown, OH | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 50,000 | | 1,102 | | — | | — |
Marquee by Penn (4) | | Pennsylvania | | N/A | | Land-based gaming | | N/A | | 75 | | — | | — |
| Meadows Racetrack and Casino | Washington, PA | | Meadows Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 131,000 | | 3,028 | | 91 | | — | Washington, PA | | Meadows Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 131,000 | | 2,506 | | 88 | | — |
| Plainridge Park Casino | Plainville, MA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 50,000 | | 1,250 | | — | | — | Plainville, MA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 50,000 | | 1,250 | | — | | — |
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| South segment | | |
1st Jackpot Casino | Tunica, MS | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 40,000 | | 883 | | 14 | | — | Tunica, MS | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 40,000 | | 840 | | 14 | | — |
| Ameristar Vicksburg | Vicksburg, MS | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 70,000 | | 1,285 | | 33 | | 148 | Vicksburg, MS | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 70,000 | | 1,212 | | 27 | | 148 |
| Boomtown Biloxi | Biloxi, MS | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 35,500 | | 674 | | 14 | | — | Biloxi, MS | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 35,500 | | 653 | | 19 | | — |
| Boomtown Bossier City | Bossier City, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 30,000 | | 866 | | 16 | | 187 | Bossier City, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 30,000 | | 726 | | 16 | | 187 |
| Boomtown New Orleans | New Orleans, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 30,000 | | 1,156 | | 31 | | 150 | New Orleans, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 30,000 | | 1,156 | | 31 | | 150 |
| Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast | Bay St. Louis, MS | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 51,000 | | 948 | | 20 | | 291 | Bay St. Louis, MS | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 51,000 | | 926 | | 20 | | 291 |
| Hollywood Casino Tunica | Tunica, MS | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 54,000 | | 962 | | 16 | | 494 | Tunica, MS | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 54,000 | | 955 | | 11 | | 494 |
| L’Auberge Baton Rouge | Baton Rouge, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 74,000 | | 1,332 | | 47 | | 205 | Baton Rouge, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 71,500 | | 1,406 | | 49 | | 205 |
| L’Auberge Lake Charles | Lake Charles, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 70,000 | | 1,529 | | 72 | | 995 | Lake Charles, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 70,000 | | 1,522 | | 71 | | 995 |
| Margaritaville Resort Casino | Bossier City, LA | | Margaritaville Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 30,000 | | 1,200 | | 50 | | 395 | Bossier City, LA | | Margaritaville Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 30,000 | | 1,221 | | 50 | | 395 |
| Resorts Casino Tunica | Tunica, MS | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 35,000 | | 765 | | — | | 201 | |
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| Ameristar Black Hawk | Black Hawk, CO | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 56,000 | | 1,200 | | 40 | | 536 | Black Hawk, CO | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 56,000 | | 1,240 | | 40 | | 536 |
| Cactus Petes and Horseshu | Jackpot, NV | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 29,000 | | 740 | | 24 | | 416 | Jackpot, NV | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 29,000 | | 754 | | 24 | | 416 |
| M Resort | Henderson, NV | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 96,000 | | 1,138 | | 40 | | 390 | Henderson, NV | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming | | 96,000 | | 1,089 | | 40 | | 390 |
| Tropicana Las Vegas | Las Vegas, NV | | Owned | | Land-based gaming | | 72,000 | | 621 | | 32 | | 1,470 | Las Vegas, NV | | Owned | | Land-based gaming | | 72,000 | | 640 | | 27 | | 1,470 |
| Zia Park Casino | Hobbs, NM | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 18,000 | | 732 | | — | | 154 | Hobbs, NM | | Penn Master Lease | | Land-based gaming/racing | | 18,000 | | 732 | | — | | 154 |
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| Midwest segment | | |
Ameristar Council Bluffs (3) | Council Bluffs, IA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 38,500 | | 1,525 | | 25 | | 444 | |
Argosy Casino Alton (4) | Alton, IL | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 23,000 | | 746 | | 12 | | — | |
Ameristar Council Bluffs (5) | | Council Bluffs, IA | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 35,000 | | 1,526 | | 25 | | 444 |
Argosy Casino Alton (6) | | Alton, IL | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 23,000 | | 741 | | 12 | | — |
| Argosy Casino Riverside | Riverside, MO | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 56,000 | | 1,500 | | 41 | | 248 | Riverside, MO | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 56,000 | | 1,299 | | 42 | | 258 |
| Hollywood Casino Aurora | Aurora, IL | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 53,000 | | 1,000 | | 27 | | — | Aurora, IL | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 53,000 | | 1,000 | | 27 | | — |
| Hollywood Casino Joliet | Joliet, IL | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 50,000 | | 1,100 | | 26 | | 100 | Joliet, IL | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 50,000 | | 1,100 | | 26 | | 100 |
Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway (5) | Kansas City, KS | | Owned - JV | | Land-based gaming | | 95,000 | | 2,000 | | 41 | | — | |
Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway (7) | | Kansas City, KS | | Owned - JV | | Land-based gaming | | 95,000 | | 2,000 | | 41 | | — |
| Hollywood Casino St. Louis | Maryland Heights, MO | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 120,000 | | 2,003 | | 63 | | 502 | Maryland Heights, MO | | Penn Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 120,000 | | 2,017 | | 63 | | 502 |
Prairie State Gaming (6) | Illinois | | N/A | | Land-based gaming | | N/A | | 1,876 | | — | | — | |
Prairie State Gaming (4) | | Illinois | | N/A | | Land-based gaming | | N/A | | 1,904 | | — | | — |
| River City Casino | St. Louis, MO | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 90,000 | | 1,925 | | 52 | | 200 | St. Louis, MO | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Dockside gaming | | 90,000 | | 1,945 | | 53 | | 200 |
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Freehold Raceway (7) | Freehold, NJ | | Owned - JV | | Standardbred racing | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Retama Park Racetrack (8) | Selma, TX | | None - Managed | | Thoroughbred racing | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Sam Houston Race Park (9) | Houston, TX | | Owned - JV | | Thoroughbred racing | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Freehold Raceway (8) | | Freehold, NJ | | Owned - JV | | Standardbred racing | | — | | — | | — | | — |
Retama Park Racetrack (9) | | Selma, TX | | None - Managed | | Thoroughbred racing | | — | | — | | — | | — |
Sam Houston Race Park (10) | | Houston, TX | | Owned - JV | | Thoroughbred racing | | — | | — | | — | | — |
| Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club | Longwood, FL | | Owned | | Greyhound racing | | — | | — | | — | | — | Longwood, FL | | Owned | | Greyhound racing | | — | | — | | — | | — |
Valley Race Park (9) | Harlingen, TX | | Owned - JV | | Greyhound racing | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Valley Race Park (10) | | Harlingen, TX | | Owned - JV | | Greyhound racing | | — | | — | | — | | — |
| | | 2,310,750 | | 48,606 | | 1,266 | | 8,582 | | 2,395,250 | | 49,637 | | 1,327 | | 8,791 |
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| (2) | We expect that Hollywood Casino York and Hollywood Casino Morgantown will be included within our Northeast segment. |
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| (3) | Includes 168 rooms at our hotel and event center located less than a mile from the gaming facility. |
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(3)(4) | VGT route operations |
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| (5) | Includes 284 rooms operated by a third party and located on land leased by us and subleased to such third party. |
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(4)(6) | The riverboat is owned by us and not subject to the Penn Master Lease. |
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(5)(7) | Pursuant to a joint venture with International Speedway Corporation (“International Speedway”) |
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(6) | VGT route operator with 403 retail locations |
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(7)(8) | Pursuant to a joint venture with Greenwood Limited Jersey, Inc., a subsidiary of Greenwood Racing, Inc. |
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(8)(9) | Pursuant to a management contract with Retama Development Corporation.Corporation |
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(9)(10) | Pursuant to a joint venture with MAXXAM, Inc. (“MAXXAM”) |
Northeast Segment
Ameristar East Chicago is located less than 25 miles from downtown Chicago, Illinois and offers guests a gaming and entertainment experience in the Chicago metropolitan area. In addition to gaming amenities, the property features a full-service hotel, a sportsbook for live sports betting, a fitness center, five dining venues, two lounges and approximately 5,400 square feet of meeting and event space.
Greektown Casino-Hotel is located in the Greektown district of Detroit, Michigan, and is one of four casino hotels in the Detroit-Windsor area. In addition to slot machines, table games and poker tables, Greektown Casino-Hotel features a 30-story hotel, 14,000 square feet of convention and banquet space, and several food and beverage options from casual to fine dining. Further, the property includes a parking structure accommodating 3,400 vehicles.
Hollywood Casino Bangor features gaming facilities,amenities; including slot machines, table games and poker tables. Hollywood Casino Bangor’s amenities includetables; a hotel with 5,1195,100 square feet of meeting and multipurpose space,space; a buffet, a snack bar andbuffet; a casual dining restaurant,restaurant; a small entertainment stage,stage; and a four-story parking garage with 1,500 spaces.garage. Bangor Raceway, which is adjacent to the property, is located at historic Bass Park and includes a one-half mile standardbred racetrack and a 12,000 square foot grandstand to seatcapable of seating 3,500 patrons.
Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races is located within approximately an hour drive of the Baltimore, Maryland and Washington, D.C. markets. In addition to slot machines, table games and poker tables, Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races includes a sportsbook for live sports betting. The complex also features live thoroughbred racing at a 3/4-mile all-weather lighted thoroughbred racetrack with a 3,000-seat grandstand, two parking garages for approximately 5,800 vehicles and simulcast wagering. Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races dining options include a high-end steakhouse, a sports bar and entertainment lounge, and an Asian-themed restaurant.
Hollywood Casino Columbus is a Hollywood-themed casino featuring slot machines, table games and 3634 poker tables. Hollywood Casino Columbus also includes multiple food and beverage outlets, an entertainment lounge, and structured and surface parking for approximately 4,600 spaces.
Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg is located along the Ohio River in Lawrenceburg, Indiana, approximately 15 miles west of Cincinnati, Ohio. In addition to slot machines, table games, and poker tables, the Hollywood-themed casino riverboat includes a hotel; a sportsbook; dining options; including a restaurant, bar, nightclub, sports bar, and two cafes;cafés; and meeting space. TheWe own and operate a hotel and event center, which was constructed by the City of Lawrenceburg Department of Redevelopment, constructed a hotel and event center located less than awithin one mile away from our Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg property. Effective in January 2015, by contractual agreement, the hotel and event center is owned and operated by a subsidiary of the Company.Lawrenceburg. The hotel and event center includes approximately 18,000 square feet of multipurpose space and 19,500 square feet of ballroom and meeting space.
Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course is located 15 miles northeast of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. This gaming facility also includes an entertainment bar and lounge, a sports bar, a buffet, a high-end steakhouse and various casual dining options, as well as sports betting and a simulcast facility and viewing area for live racing. In addition, Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course opened a sportsbook in November 2018. The facility has ample parking, including a five-story self-parking garage, with capacity for approximately 2,200 cars, and approximately 1,500 surface parking spaces for self and valet parking. The property includes a one-mile all-weather lighted thoroughbred racetrack and a 7/8-mile turf track. In addition, the property offers off-track wagering (“OTW”) at separate facilities located in York, Pennsylvania and Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
Hollywood Casino Toledo is a Hollywood-themed casino whose gaming facilities includefeaturing slot machines, table games and 19 poker tables. Hollywood Casino Toledo also includes multiple food and beverage outlets, an entertainment lounge, and structured and surface parking for approximately 3,300 spaces.
Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway is a Hollywood-themed facilityproperty featuring video lottery terminals (“VLTs”) and a 5/8-mile standardbred racetrack. Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway also includes various restaurants, bars, surface parking for 1,8061,800 spaces and other amenities.
Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course is a Hollywood-themed facilityproperty featuring VLTs and a one-mile thoroughbred racetrack. Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course also includes various restaurants, bars, surface parking with approximately 1,250 spaces and other amenities.
Marquee by Penn is our licensed VGT route operator with a network of 15 truck stop establishments in Pennsylvania.
Meadows Racetrack and Casino is located in Washington, Pennsylvania, approximately 25 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In addition to gaming amenities, Meadows Racetrack and Casino offers a sportsbook for live sports betting, several dining options, including a steakhouse, food court and a bar. In addition, the facilityproperty features an events and banquet center, a simulcast betting parlor, a harness racetrack and a bowling alley. The property also offers off-track wageringOTW at a separate facility in Pittsburgh.
Plainridge Park Casino is located 20 miles southwest of the Boston beltway just off interstate 95 in Plainville, Massachusetts. In addition to gaming offerings, Plainridge Park Casino features various restaurants, bars, approximately 1,600 structured and surface parking spaces, and other amenities. Plainridge Park Casino also includes a 5/8-mile live harness racing facility with a two-story clubhouse for simulcast operations, special events, and live racing viewing, which is approximately 55,000 square feet.
South Segment
1st Jackpot Casino, the closest Tunica-area casino to downtown Memphis, Tennessee, features slot machines, table games, a steakhouse, a buffet, a café, a sportsbook and a live entertainment venue.
Ameristar Vicksburg, which is the largest dockside casino in central Mississippi, is located along the Mississippi River approximately 45 miles west of Mississippi’s largest city, Jackson. In addition to gaming amenities, the property features a hotel, multiple dining facilities, a club lounge, a sportsbook, a live entertainment venue, and 1,7921,800 square feet of meeting and event space.
Boomtown Biloxi offers slot machines and table games as well as a buffet, a steakhouse, a sports bar and grill, a Fat Tuesday, a noodle bar, a sportsbook and a recreational vehicle (“RV”) park. Boomtown Biloxi also features a 3,600 square foot event center and board room and has approximately 1,450 surface parking spaces.
Boomtown Bossier City features a hotel adjoining a dockside riverboat casino located less than one mile from the Louisiana Boardwalk. It also offers several dining options, ranging from a high-end steakhouse to casual dining restaurants, including a buffet, and 1,500 square feet of meeting and conference space.
Boomtown New Orleans is located in the West Bank area across the Mississippi River and approximately 15 minutes from the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana. In addition to gaming amenities, it also features a five-story hotel, a fitness center, four restaurants, a 500-seat entertainment venue, and over 14,000 square feet of meeting and conference space.
Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast (formerly Hollywood Casino Bay St. Louis) features slot machines, table games, and poker tables. The waterfront Hollywood Hotel features 291 rooms,includes a 10,000 square foot ballroom, and nine separate meeting rooms offering more than 14,000 square feet of meeting space. Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast offers live concerts and various entertainment on weekends. The property also features The Bridges golf course, a sportsbook, and various dining facilities, including a steakhouse, a buffet, a grill and a clubhouse lounge as well as an entertainment bar. Other amenities include a recreational vehicleRV park and gift shop, lazy river, spa, and pool cabanas.
Hollywood Casino Tunica features gaming facilities,offerings, a hotel and a 123-space recreational vehicleRV park. Entertainment amenities include a steakhouse, a buffet, a grill, an entertainment lounge, a premium players’ club, a themed bar, facility, a sportsbook, an indoor pool, and showroom as well as banquet and meeting facilities. In addition, Hollywood Casino Tunica offers surface parking with approximately 1,635more than 1,600 spaces.
L’Auberge Baton Rouge is located approximately 10ten miles southeast of downtown Baton Rouge, Louisiana. L’Auberge Baton Rouge offers a fully-integrated casino entertainment experience. It also features a 12-story hotel, a fitness center, four dining outlets, a music bar, and approximately 13,000 square feet of meeting and event space.
L’Auberge Lake Charles offers one of the closest full-scale casino hotel facilities to Houston, Texas, as well as to the Austin, Texas and San Antonio, Texas metropolitan areas. The location is approximately 140 miles from Houston and approximately 300 miles and 335 miles from Austin and San Antonio, respectively. L’Auberge Lake Charles features six dining outlets, a golf course, a full-service spa, retail shopping, two bars, and more than 26,000 square feet of meeting and event space.
Margaritaville Resort Casino, located in Bossier City, Louisiana, is one of the premier gaming, lodging, dining and entertainment experiences in Northern Louisiana. The property provides an island-style theme and includes a 15,000 square foot 1,000-seat theater, 9,500 square feet of meeting space, and approximately 1,500 parking spaces.
Resorts Casino Tunica, which is located adjacent to Hollywood Casino Tunica, features slot machines, a steakhouse, a buffet restaurant and a café. Resorts Casino Tunica also features 18,000 square feet of meeting and event space and a hotel.
West Segment
Ameristar Black Hawk is located in the center of the Black Hawk gaming district, approximately 40 miles west of Denver, Colorado. In addition to gaming amenities, the resort features a hotel, a full-service day spa, a fitness center, several dining outlets, a live entertainment bar, a 1,500 space parking structure, and 15,000 square feet of meeting and event space.
Cactus Petes and Horseshu (collectively, “the Jackpot Properties”) are located in Jackpot, Nevada, just south of the Idaho border.border in Jackpot, Nevada. The Jackpot Properties collectively feature two hotels, four dining options, a golf course, a 4,000 seat amphitheater, a showroom, a live entertainment lounge, and meeting and event facilities.
M Resort, located approximately ten miles from the Las Vegas strip in Henderson, Nevada, is situated on approximately 90 acres onat the southeast corner of Las Vegas Boulevard and St. Rose Parkway. The resort features slot machines, table games and a sportsbook. M Resort also offers a hotel, seven restaurants and six destination bars, more than 60,000 square feet of meeting and conference space, a 4,700 space parking structure, a spa and fitness center, a Topgolf Swing Suite, and a 100,000 square foot event center.
Tropicana Las Vegas, located on the strip in Las Vegas, Nevada, is situated on approximately 35 acres of land at the corner of Tropicana Boulevard and Las Vegas Boulevard. In addition to gaming, the resort features a hotel, a sportsbook kiosk, four full-service restaurants, a brunch buffet, a food court, a 1,100-seat performance theater, a 300-seat comedy club, over 100,000 square feet of exhibition and meeting space, a five-acre tropical beach event area and spa, and approximately 2,100 parking spaces.
Zia Park Casino is located in Hobbs, New Mexico and includes a casino, as well as an adjoining racetrack. The property includes slot machines, two restaurants, and a one-mile quarter/thoroughbred racetrack, with live racing from September to December, and a year-round simulcast parlor. In August 2014, we openedaddition, Zia Park Casino features a hotel, which includes six suites, a business center, exercise/fitness facility and a breakfast venue.
Midwest Segment
Ameristar Council Bluffs is located across the Missouri River from Omaha, Nebraska and includes the largest riverboat in Iowa. In addition to gaming amenities, itthe property also features a hotel, a fitness center, four dining facilities, a sports bar, and a 5,000 square feet of convention and meeting space.
Argosy Casino Alton is located on the Mississippi River in Alton, Illinois, approximately 20 miles northeast of downtown St. Louis. Argosy Casino Alton is a three-deck gaming facilityriverboat featuring slot machines and table games. Argosy Casino Alton includes an entertainment pavilion and features a large buffet venue, a restaurant, a deli and a 475-seat main showroom. The facility also includes surface parking areas with approximately 1,350 spaces.
Argosy Casino Riverside is located on the Missouri River, approximately five miles from downtown Kansas City in Riverside, Missouri. The property features slot machines and table games. ThisCity. In addition to gaming amenities, this Mediterranean-themed property features a nine-story hotel, a spa, an entertainment facility featuring various food and beverage areas, including a buffet, a steakhouse, a deli, a coffee bar, a Mexican restaurant, a VIP lounge and a sports/entertainment lounge and 19,000 square feet of banquet/conference facilities. Argosy Casino Riverside also has parking for approximately 3,000 vehicles, including a 1,250 space parking garage.
Hollywood Casino Aurora, is located in Aurora, Illinois, the second largest city in Illinois, approximately 35 miles west of Chicago. This single-level dockside casino offers guests with gaming amenities, including a poker room. The facility features a steakhouse with a private dining room, a VIP lounge for premium players, a casino bar with video poker, a buffet, and a deli. Hollywood Casino Aurora also has a surface parking lot, two parking garages with approximately 1,500 parking spaces, and a gift shop.
Hollywood Casino Joliet, is located on the Des Plaines River in Joliet, Illinois, approximately 40 miles southwest of Chicago. This barge-based casino provides guests with two levels of gaming experience as well as a deli and a VIP lounge. The land-based pavilion includes a steakhouse, a buffet and a sports bar. The complex also includes a hotel, approximately 4,600 square feet of meeting space, a 1,100 space parking garage, surface parking areas with approximately 1,500 spaces and an 80-space recreational vehicleRV park.
Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway, our 50% joint venture with International Speedway, opened in February 2012, and features slot machines, table games and poker tables. Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway offers a variety of dining and entertainment facilities, a meeting room, and has a 1,253 space1,250-space parking structure.
Hollywood Casino St. Louis is located adjacent to the Missouri River in Maryland Heights, Missouri, directly off I-70 and approximately 22 miles northwest of downtown St. Louis, Missouri. The facility is situated along the Missouri River and features slot machines, table games, poker tables, a hotel, nine dining and entertainment venues and structured and surface parking with approximately 4,600 spaces.
Prairie State Gaming is our licensed VGT route operator in Illinois across a network of 403over 400 bar andand/or retail gaming establishments in seven distinct geographic areas throughout Illinois.
River City Casino is located in the St. Louis, Missouri metropolitan area, just south of the confluence of the Mississippi River and the River des Peres in the south St. Louis community of Lemay, Missouri. River City Casino features a hotel, multiple dining outlets, an entertainment lounge, and over 10,000 square feet of conference space.
Other
Freehold Raceway. Through our joint venture in Pennwood Racing, Inc. (“Pennwood”), we own 50% of Freehold Raceway, located in Freehold, New Jersey.Raceway. The property features a half-mile standardbred race track and a 117,715118,000 square foot grandstand. In addition, through our Pennwood joint venture, we own 50% of a leased OTW in Toms River, New Jersey, and operate another OTW, which we constructed, in Gloucester Township, New Jersey.
Retama Park Racetrack. We have a management contract with Retama Development Corporation (“RDC”), a local government corporation of the City of Selma, Texas, to manage the day-to-day operations of Retama Park Racetrack. In addition, we own 1.0% of the equity of Retama Nominal Holder, LLC, which holds a nominal interest in the racing license used to operate Retama Park Racetrack. Additionally, we own a 75.5% interest in Pinnacle Retama Partners, LLC (“PRP”), which owns the contingent gaming rights that may arise if gaming under the existing racing license becomes legal in Texas in the future.
Sam Houston Race Park and Valley Race Park. Our joint venture with MAXXAM owns and operates the Sam Houston Race Park in Houston, Texas and the Valley Race Park, in Harlingen, Texas, and holds a license for a racetrack in Manor, Texas, just outside of Austin. Sam Houston Race Park, which is located 15 miles northwest from downtown Houston along Beltway 8. Sam Houston Race Park8, hosts thoroughbred and quarter horse racing and offers daily simulcast operations, as well as hosts various special events, private parties and meetings, concerts and national touring festivals throughout the year. Valley Race Park features 91,000 of property square footage as a dog racing and simulcasting facility located in Harlingen, Texas.facility.
Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club. Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club is a 1/4-mile greyhound facility located in Longwood, Florida.facility. The facility has capacity for 6,500 patrons, with seating for 4,000 and surface parking for 2,500 vehicles. The facility conducts year-round greyhound racing and greyhound, thoroughbred, and harness racing simulcasts.
Heartland Poker Tour. We own and operate the Heartland Poker Tour,Penn Interactive
Penn Interactive is our iGaming division, which is a live and televised poker tournament series.
Off-track Wagering Facilities. Our off-track wagering facilities (“OTWs”) and racetracks provide areas for viewing import simulcast races of thoroughbred and standardbred horse racing, televised sporting events, placing pari-mutuel wagers and dining. We operate two OTWsrecently launched an iCasino in Pennsylvania and through our joint venture in Pennwood, we own 50%HollywoodCasino.com gaming platform and includes the operations of Absolute Games, LLC (“Absolute Games”), a leased OTW in Toms River, New Jersey.developer and operator of social bingo games. In addition, in accordance with an operating agreement with Pennwood, the Company constructed an OTW in Gloucester Township, New Jersey, which opened in July 2014. Per the operating agreement, this OTW is operated by us; however, Pennwood has the option to purchase the OTW once the Company has received its total investment as defined in the operating agreement.
Penn Interactive Ventures. PIV isrecently entered into multi-year agreements with leading sports betting operators for online sports betting and iGaming market access across our interactive gaming division, which includes Rocket Speed, a leading developerportfolio of social casino games,properties. Pursuant to these agreements, such sports betting operators have commenced operations in Indiana, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. Penn Interactive also operates our HollywoodCasino.com Play4Fun social gaming platform with Scientific Games Corporation.internally-branded retail sportsbooks currently located in Indiana, Iowa, Mississippi, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. We anticipate opening retail sportsbooks at our properties in Colorado, Illinois and Michigan as soon as we receive all necessary regulatory approvals.
Trademarks
We own a number of trademarks and service marks registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”), including but not limited to, “Hollywood Casino®“Ameristar®,” “Argosy®,” “Boomtown®,”“Greektown®,” “Hollywood Gaming®Casino®,” “Argosy®“Hollywood Gaming®,” “Hollywood Poker®,” “L’Auberge®,” “M Resort®,” “Hollywood Poker®Resort®,” and “Marquee Rewards.“MYCHOICE®” With the acquisition of Pinnacle, we acquired Pinnacle’s trademark portfolio and now also own “Ameristar®,” “Boomtown®,” “L’Auberge®,” and “MYCHOICE®,” among other trademarks. We believe that our rights to our markstrademarks are well establishedwell-established and have competitive value to our properties. We also have a number of trademark applications pending with the USPTO.
As partAmong others, we have a licensing agreement with a third party to use the “Margaritaville®” trademark in connection with the operations of Margaritaville in Bossier City, Louisiana. Upon closing of the transaction with Barstool Sports in February 2020, we have the sole right to utilize the Barstool Sports brand for all of our acquisition of Tropicana Las Vegas in August 2015, we assumed a trademark settlement agreement with Tropicana Entertainment, LLC, an affiliate of Tropicana Entertainment, Inc. that is not relatedonline and retail sports betting and iCasino products. In addition, subject to the Company, which, subject
to othercertain terms, conditions, and advertising limitations, set forth in the agreement, confirms, among other things, that (i) Tropicana Las Vegas owns and haswe have the exclusive right to use the “Tropicana Las Vegas”Vegas®” and the “Tropicana LV” markscertain other trademarks within 50 miles of the “Las Vegas Property” for the purpose of providing goods and services in the field of entertainment and hospitality and in the natural scope of expansion thereof (the “Services”), and for “Internet Uses” (as defined in the Agreement) without geographic limitation, (ii)our Tropicana Las Vegas may advertise the Services identified by the “Tropicana Las Vegas” and the “Tropicana LV” marks worldwide provided that the advertisements explicitly reference the location of the Tropicana Las Vegas Property, and (iii) Tropicana Entertainment, LLC owns and has the exclusive right to use the “Tropicana” and “Trop” marks, in connection with a modifier indicating the type of service being provided or a modifier designating an accurate geographic location of a property, outside of the Las Vegas area, and may advertise the Services worldwide provided that the advertisements explicitly reference the location of the properties.property.
We have licenses with third parties to use the Resorts® and Margaritaville® trademarks, among others, in connection with the operation of Resorts Casino Tunica, in Tunica, Mississippi and Margaritaville Resort Casino in Bossier City, Louisiana, respectively.
Competition
The gaming industry is characterized by an increasingly high degree of competition among a large number of participants operating from physical locations and/or through online or mobile platforms, including destination casinos, riverboat casinos; dockside casinos; land-based casinos; video lottery; internet gaming;iGaming; sports betting; gaming at taverns in certain states, such as Illinois; gaming at truck stop establishments in certain states, such as PennsylvaniaLouisiana and Louisiana;Pennsylvania; historical horse racing in certain states, such as Arkansas, Kentucky and Virginia; sweepstakes and poker machines not located in casinos; the potential for increased fantasy sports; real money iGaming; Native American gaming; and other forms of gaming in the U.S. In a broader sense, our gaming operations face competition from all manner of leisure and entertainment activities, including: shopping;including shopping, athletic events;events, television and movies;movies, concerts and travel. Legalized gaming is currently permitted in various forms throughout the U.S. and on various lands taken into trust for the benefit of certain Native Americans in the U.S. and Canada. Other jurisdictions, including states adjacent to states in which we currently have facilities,properties, have recently legalized, implemented and expanded gaming. In addition, established gaming jurisdictions could award additional gaming licenses or permit the expansion or relocation of existing gaming operations (including VGTs, skill games, sports betting and iGaming). New, relocated or expanded operations by other companies will increase competition for our gaming operations and could have a material adverse impactCompetition is discussed in further detail within “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” of this Annual Report on us. Finally, the imposition of smoking restrictions and/or higher gaming tax rates have a significant impact on our properties’ ability to compete with facilities in nearby jurisdictions. Northeast. Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races has been and will continue to be negatively impacted by competition in the Baltimore, Maryland market, which includes Maryland Live! and Horseshoe Casino Baltimore. Maryland Live!, a casino complex at the Arundel Mills mall in Anne Arundel, Maryland, opened in June 2012 and Horseshoe Casino Baltimore opened at the end of August 2014. Both of these facilities are substantial in nature, as Maryland Live! has approximately 4,000 slot machines, over 200 table games, various food and beverage offerings and as of July 2018, a 300-room hotel, whereas Horseshoe Baltimore has 2,200 slot machines and 180 table games. In December 2013, the sixth casino license for Maryland in Prince George’s County was granted to MGM. In December 2016, MGM National Harbor casino and resort opened featuring 3,300 slot machines and 124 table games and has had an adverse impact our financial results, as it has created additional competition for Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races.
In November 2011, the Expanded Gaming Act was signed into law in Massachusetts, which allows up to three destination resort casinos located in three geographically diverse regions across the stateForm 10-K and a single slots facility for one location statewide. In February 2014, the Massachusetts Gaming Commission awarded us the slots-only gaming license and in June 2015, we opened Plainridge Park Casino in Plainville. The licenses for twodiscussion of three casino resorts have been awarded, with the remaining license in Southeastern Massachusetts still open. MGM Springfield in Western Massachusetts opened in August 2018 and Encore Boston Harbor in Eastern Massachusetts is scheduled to open in June 2019. Construction of a tribal casino in Taunton, Massachusetts, which was expected to open in 2017, is currently on hold following a judicial opinion issued during the third quarter 2016 regarding the validity of the Tribe’s land in trust. In addition, the relocation of the Newport Casino license to Tiverton, Rhode Island, near the Massachusetts border, which was approved by local and statewide voters in November 2016, opened in September 2018. Twin River Casino Hotel in Lincoln, Rhode Island, completed its new hotel tower during the fourth quarter 2018. The increased competition in Massachusetts will have a negative impact on the operations of Plainridge Park Casino.
In Ohio, a racino at Scioto Downs in Columbus, Ohio, opened in June 2012, which had a negative impact on Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg’s financial results and competes aggressively in the same market as Hollywood Casino Columbus. In addition, a racino at Miami Valley Gaming opened in December 2013, and a racino at Belterra Park opened in May 2014. Both of these racinos compete with Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg. We have opened our own racinos in Ohio, with Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway in August 2014 and Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course in September 2014. As a
result, in a relatively short period of time, Ohio has gone from having no gaming facilities to having four casinos and seven VLT facilities. In addition, we continue to fight illegal gaming operations, such as internet sweepstakes, in the state.
In addition, legislators in Kentucky regularly consider new gaming legislation. The commencement of gaming in Kentucky would negatively impact certain of our existing properties in the Northeast segment. In October 2017, Pennsylvania enacted gaming expansion legislation that authorized licenses for up to ten new Category 4 satellite casinos, VGTs at truck stops, online gaming, and other gaming offerings. The new casinos will have the ability to operate between 300 and 750 slot machines and up to 40 table games. Only Pennsylvania’s existing gaming operators were permitted to initially participate in the auctions for these new casinos, with a preference given to the Category 1 and Category 2 license holders in the first and second rounds. On January 10, 2018, Penn was awarded the first Category 4 satellite casino license to be located in York County for a $50.1 million license fee, which will compete with our Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course facility. On January 24, 2018, the second Category 4 satellite casino license was awarded in Derry Township in Westmoreland County and is expected to compete with and may have an adverse impact on Meadows. On February 8, 2018, the third Category 4 satellite casino license was awarded in Lawrence County which is expected to compete with and have an adverse impact on our existing Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course facility in Youngstown, Ohio. On February 22, 2018 and April 4, 2018, the fourth and fifth, Category 4 satellite casino licenses, respectively, were awarded in Cumberland County and West Cocalico Township in Lancaster County (this was awarded to Penn for a $7.5 million license fee) which are expected to compete with and have an adverse impact on our Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course facility in Grantville, Pennsylvania. Penn also applied for a license to operate online real money gaming in Pennsylvania. Depending on our ability to successfully operate online gaming in Pennsylvania and on how many of the ten satellite casino licenses are ultimately issued, and the final locations and scope of these satellite casinos, as well as the impact of VGTs at truck stops and online gaming offerings, there may be additional negative impactscompetition on our existing facilities in the Northeast segment.
South. In the Mississippi Gulf Coast market, the Island View Beach Casino opened in June 2018, which has had an adverse effect on the financial results of our Boomtown Biloxi property. In the West Memphis and Tunica market, in January 2019, a planned expansion and renovation of Southland Park with a 55,000 square foot gaming floor, including over 2,000 gaming machines, gaming tables and high-limit room, will have an adverse impact on our casinos in the Tunica market. In addition, in the Lake Charles market, the opening of a full-service competitor in December 2014, Golden Nugget Lake Charles, has provided increased competition to L’Auberge Lake Charles and continues to have an adverse impact on financial results of our casino.
West. M Resort and Tropicana Las Vegas compete directly with other Las Vegas hotels, resorts, and casinos, including those located on the Las Vegas Strip, on the basis of overall atmosphere, range of amenities, level of service, price, location, entertainment offered, convention and meeting facilities, shopping and restaurant facilities, theme, and size. In addition, a substantial number of customers are drawn from geographic areas outside of Las Vegas, particularly California and Arizona. Ameristar Blackhawk’s largest competitor, Monarch Casino, is expected to complete a large renovation and expansion by July 2019, including a parking garage and 500-room hotel.
Midwest. In Illinois, there have been perennial gaming expansion proposals introduced in the legislature, which we expect to continue. In October 2012, video gambling in Illinois was officially launched with the first locations being allowed to operate VGTs. Currently, there are over 22,000 terminals at numerous locations throughout the state, which has had a negative impact on our casinos near or in Illinois. In September 2015, we purchased Prairie State Gaming, which is a licensed VGT operator in Illinois, whose operations now include more than 1,850 video gaming terminals across a network of 403 bars and retail gaming establishments throughout Illinois. Illinois also continues to discuss the viability of gaming expansion in the state through a potential combination of additional riverboat operations, land-based casinos and slots at racetracks. In addition, legislators in Indiana and Missouri are currently considering VGT legislation. The commencement of gaming in Indiana and Missouri or the expansion of gaming in Illinois would negatively impact certain of our existing properties in the Midwest segment. In November 2018, a tribal casino opened in Omaha, Nebraska, which competes with Ameristar Council Bluffs. In addition, there is a proposal to reopen a race track with slot machines at the Woodlands in Wyandotte County, which could have an adverse effect on the financial results of Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway. On November 6, 2018, voters in St. Louis County approved a ballot referendum that requires Hollywood Casino St. Louis and River City Casino to make at least 50% of their gaming floors smoke free. This smoking restriction could have an adverse impact on our business operations at our casinos in St. Louis County.
In addition, the proposed legislation in Indiana includes the acceleration of live dealer table games at existing racinos in Shelbyville and Anderson, Indiana to the summer of 2019, whereas existing law has live dealer table games at the existing racinos starting in the summer of 2021. In the event this legislation passes and live dealer table games at the existing racinos are available in the summer of 2019, this would have a material adverse impact on the results of operations at Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg, which is located in Lawrenceburg, Indiana.
Government Regulation and Gaming Issues
The gaming and racing industries are highly regulated, and we must maintain our licenses and pay gaming taxes to continue our operations. Each of our facilitiesproperties is subject to extensive regulation under the laws, rules and regulations of the jurisdiction where it is located. These laws, rules and regulations generally concern the responsibility, financial stability and character of the owners, managers, and persons with financial interests in the gaming operations. Violations of laws or regulations in one jurisdiction could result in disciplinary action in other jurisdictions. For a more detailed description of the statutes and regulations to which we are subject, please see Exhibit 99.1, “Government Regulation and Gaming Issues,“Description of Government Regulations,” to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is incorporated herein by reference. Our businesses are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations in addition to gaming regulations. These laws and regulations include, but are not limited to, restrictions and conditions concerning alcoholic beverages, environmental matters, employees, health care, currency transactions, taxation, zoning and building codes, and marketing and advertising. Such laws and regulations could change or could be interpreted differently in the future, or new laws and regulations could be enacted. Material changes, new laws or regulations, or material differences in interpretations by courts or governmental authorities could adversely affect our operating results.
Compliance with federal, statefinancial condition, results of operations and local provisions which have been enacted or adopted regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment have not had a material effect upon our capital expenditures, earnings or the competitive positions of our properties. From time to time, certain development projects may require substantial costs for environmental remediation due to prior use of our development sites. Our project budgets for such a site typically include amounts expected to cover the remediation work required.cash flows.
Information about our Executive Officers of the Registrant
The persons serving as our executive officers and their positions with us are as follows: |
| | | | |
| NAME | | AGE | | POSITION WITH THE COMPANY |
Timothy J. Wilmott | | 60 | | Chief Executive Officer |
| Jay Snowden | | 4243 | | President and Chief OperatingExecutive Officer |
| William J. Fair | | 5657 | | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
| Carl Sottosanti | | 5455 | | Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary |
Timothy J. Wilmott. Jay Snowden. In August 2019, Mr. Wilmott joined us in February 2008 as President and Chief Operating Officer and was named Chief Executive Officer on November 1, 2013. In addition, in September 2014, Mr. WilmottSnowden was appointed to the Board of Directors. Previously, Mr. Wilmott served as Chief Operating Officer of Harrah’s Entertainment, a position he held for approximately four years. In this position, he oversaw the operations of all of Harrah’s revenue-generating businesses, including 48 casinos, 38,000 hotel roomsDirectors and 300 restaurants. All Harrah’s Division Presidents, Senior Vice Presidents of Brand Operations, Marketing and Information Technology personnel reported to Mr. Wilmott in his capacity as Chief Operating Officer. Prior to his appointment to the position of Chief Operating Officer, Mr. Wilmott served from 1997 to 2002 as Division President of Harrah’s Eastern Division with responsibility for the operations of eight Harrah’s properties.
Jay Snowden. Mr. Snowden is currentlybecame our President and Chief Operating Officer.Executive Officer in January 2020. Mr. Snowden joined usthe Company in October 2011 as Senior Vice President-Regional Operations, became our Chief Operating Officer in January 2014, and becamewas our President and Chief Operating Officer infrom March 2017. Mr. Snowden is2017 through December 2019, where he was responsible for overseeing all of our operating businesses, as well as human resources, marketing, and information technology. Prior to joining us, Mr. Snowden was the Senior Vice President and General Manager of Caesars and Harrah’s in Atlantic City, New Jersey, and prior to that, held various leadership positions with them in St. Louis, Missouri; San Diego, California; and Las Vegas.Vegas, Nevada.
William J. Fair. Mr. Fair joined us in January 2014 as Senior Vice President and Chief Development Officer and became our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in January 2017. Previously, Mr. Fair worked in development leadership positions for Universal Studios and Disney Development. Most recently, Mr. Fair was the President and Chief Executive Officer of the American Skiing Company, where he had oversight of ten ski mountain resorts which included ski
operations, nine hotels, condominium operations, food and beverage operations, retail and rental operations, real estate brokerage and development. Mr. Fair will continue to serve as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer until March 3, 2020.
Carl Sottosanti. Mr. Sottosanti is currently our Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. In February 2014, Mr. Sottosanti was appointed to the position of Senior Vice President and General Counsel and became Secretary in November 2014. Prior to this appointment, Mr. Sottosanti served as Vice President, Deputy General Counsel since 2003. Before joining the Company,us, Mr. Sottosanti served for five years as General Counsel at publicly traded, Sanchez Computer Associates, Inc. and had oversight of all legal, compliance and intellectual property matters. From 1994 to 1998, Mr. Sottosanti was the Assistant General Counsel for Salient 3 Communications, Inc., a publicly traded telecommunications company. Mr. Sottosanti began his legal career in 1989 with the Philadelphia law firm Schnader, Harrison, Segal & Lewis LLP.
Employees and Labor Relations
As of December 31, 2018,2019, we had approximately 25,750 full-28,300 full-time and part-time employees.
The Company is required to have agreements with the horsemen at the majority As of its racetracks to conduct its live racing and/or simulcasting activities. In addition, in order to operate gaming machines and table games in West Virginia, the Company must maintain agreements with each of the Charles Town horsemen, pari-mutuel clerks and breeders.
At Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races, the Company has an agreement with the Charles Town Horsemen’s Benevolent and Protective Association, which expired on June 18, 2018, but has been extended until April 18, 2019. Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races also has an agreement with the breeders that expires on June 30, 2019. Additionally, the pari-mutuel clerks at Charles Town are represented under a collective bargaining agreement with the West Virginia Union of Mutuel Clerks, which expired on December 31, 2010, but has been extended on a month-to-month basis.
The Company’s agreement with the Pennsylvania Horsemen’s Benevolent and Protective Association at Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course was renewed through January2019, we had 31 2020. The Company has an agreement with Laborers’ International Union of North America Local 108, regarding both on-track and off-track pari-mutuel clerks and admission staff, which expires on December 1, 2021. The Company has an agreement, which runs through August 2021, with the International Chapter of Horseshoers and Allied Equine Trades Local 947 regarding starting gate and jockey valet staff.
The Company’s agreement with the Meadows Standardbred Owners Clubs Association was renewed through December 31, 2018. Meadows Racetrack and Casino has existing collective bargaining agreements with (1) The International Union, Security, Police and Fire Professionals of America and Local #508, which expires August 16, 2020, (2) UNITE/Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees (“HERE”) Local 57, which expires on September 11, 2020, and (3) Laborers Local Union #108 On-Track and Off-Track, which expires on March 31, 2022.
We are in the process of extending the Company’s agreement with the Maine Harness Horsemen Association at Bangor Raceway through the conclusion of the 2020 racing season.
In March 2014, Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course entered into an agreement with the Ohio Horsemen’s Benevolent and Protective Association. The term is for a period of ten years from the September 2014 commencement of video lottery terminal operations at that facility. Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway entered into a ten-year agreement with the Ohio Harness Horsemen’s Association for racing at the property in September of 2015. In January 2014, Plainridge Park Casino entered into an agreement with the Harness Horsemen’s Association of New England, which expired December 31, 2018 and is currently under negotiation.
Across certain of the Company’s properties, Seafarers Entertainment and Allied Trade Union (“SEATU”) representscovering approximately 1,628 of the Company’s employees under a National Agreement that expires on January 24, 2032 and Local Addenda that expire at various times between June 2021 and October 2024.
SEATU5,900 employees. Seven collective bargaining agreements are in place at Hollywood Casino Joliet, Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg, Argosy Casino Riverside, Argosy Casino Alton, Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway, Hollywood Gaming Dayton, Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley, Plainridge Park Casino, and Ameristar East Chicago. Argosy Alton has a wage reopener in 2019; Plainridge Park Casino wage reopener from October 2018 is still outstanding. The remainder of the SEATU agreements have expiration datesscheduled to expire in 2020, and beyond.
At Hollywood Casino Joliet, the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union Local 1 represents approximately 172 employees under a collective bargaining agreement which expires on March 31, 2019. At Hollywood Casino Columbus and Hollywood Casino Toledo, a council comprised of the United Auto Workers and the United Steel Workers represents approximately 1,254 employees under a collective bargaining agreement which ends on November 15, 2019.
Ameristar East Chicago has existingwe are currently renegotiating three collective bargaining agreements with (1) SEATU, which expiresthat expired in 2019. Although we believe that we have good employee relations, there can be no assurance that we will be able to extend or enter into replacement agreements. If we are able to extend or enter into replacement agreements, there can be no assurance as to whether the terms will be on July 30, 2023 and (2) UNITE/HERE Best and Final, which expired April 30, 2018 and has been extended on a year-to-year basis.comparable terms to the existing agreements.
Tropicana Las Vegas has seven existing collective bargaining agreements with the following unions: (1) Culinary & Bartenders, which expired on May 31, 2018 and has been extended on a year-to-year basis, (2) United Brotherhood of Carpenters, which expires on July 31, 2019, (3) International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, which expires on February 28, 2021, (4) International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, which expired on December 31, 2018 and has been extended on a year-to-year basis, (5) International Union of Painters and Allied Trades, which expired on June 30, 2018 and has been extended on a year-to-year basis, and (6)/(7) Teamsters, regarding front and back of the house; both agreements expired on March 31, 2018 and have been extended on a year-to-year basis.
Available Information
We were incorporated in Pennsylvania in 1982 as PNRC Corp. and adopted our current name in 1994, when we became a publicly traded company. For more information about us, visit our website at www.pngaming.com. The contents of our website are not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our electronic filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) (including all Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to these reports), including the exhibits, are available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file them with, or furnish them to, the SEC. Our filings are also available through a database maintained by the SEC at www.sec.gov.
Important Factors Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This document includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These statements are included throughout the document, including within “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” and relate to our business strategy, our prospects and our financial position. These statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “expects,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “seeks,” “may,” “will,” “should,” or “anticipates” or the negative or other variations of these or similar words, or by discussions of future events, strategies or risks and uncertainties. Specifically, forward-looking statements may include, among others, statements concerning: our expectations of future financial condition and results of operations, including our ability to reduce our debt; expectations for our properties, our development projects, or our iGaming initiatives, including the expected openings of our Pennsylvania Category 4 casino projects; the timing, cost and expected impact of planned capital expenditures on our results of operations; our expectations regarding the development of interactive gaming technology; our expectations with regard to the impact of competition; our expectations with regard to acquisitions, potential divestitures and development opportunities, as well as the integration of and synergies related to any companies we have acquired or may acquire; our ability to maintain regulatory approvals for our existing businesses and to receive regulatory approvals for our new businesses and partners; our expectations with regard to the impact of competition in online sports betting, iGaming and retail sportsbooks as well as the potential impact of this business line on our existing businesses; the potential benefits and challenges of the investment in Barstool Sports, including the benefits for the Company’s online and retail sports betting and iCasino products, the expected financial returns from the transaction with Barstool Sports; the performance of our partners in online sports betting, iGaming and retail/mobile sportsbooks, including the risks associated with any new business, the actions of regulatory, legislative, executive or judicial decisions at the federal, state or local level with regard to online sports betting, iGaming and retail sportsbooks and the impact of any such actions; and our expectations regarding economic and consumer conditions. As a result, actual results may vary materially from expectations. Although we believe that our expectations are based on reasonable assumptions within the bounds of our knowledge of our business, there can be no assurance that actual results will not differ materially from our expectations. Meaningful factors that could cause actual results to differ from expectations include, but are not limited to, risks related to the following: the assumptions included in our financial guidance; the ability of our operating teams to drive revenue and margins; the impact of significant competition from other gaming and entertainment operations; our ability to obtain timely regulatory approvals required to own, develop and/or operate our properties, or other delays, approvals or impediments to completing our planned acquisitions or projects, construction factors, including delays, and increased costs; the passage of state, federal or local legislation (including referenda) that would expand, restrict, further tax, prevent or negatively impact operations in or adjacent
to the jurisdictions in which we do or seek to do business (such as a smoking ban at any of our properties or the award of additional gaming licenses proximate to our properties, as recently occurred with Illinois and Pennsylvania legislation); the effects of local and national economic, credit, capital market, housing, and energy conditions on the economy in general and on the gaming and lodging industries in particular; the activities of our competitors (commercial and tribal) and the rapid emergence of new competitors (traditional, internet, social, sweepstakes based and VGTs in bars and truck stops); the costs and risks involved in the pursuit of such opportunities and our ability to complete the acquisition or development of, and achieve the expected returns from, such opportunities; our expectations for the continued availability and cost of capital; the impact of weather, including flooding, hurricanes and tornadoes; the risk of failing to maintain the integrity of our information technology infrastructure and safeguard our business, employee and customer data (particularly as our iGaming division grows); with respect to our iGaming and sports betting endeavors, the impact of significant competition from other companies for online sports betting, iGaming and retail sportsbooks; the Company may not be able to achieve the expected financial returns related to the Barstool Sports transaction; our ability to obtain timely regulatory approvals required to own, develop and/or operate sportsbooks may be delayed and there may be impediments and increased costs to launching the online betting, iGaming and retail sportsbooks, including delays, and increased costs, intellectual property and legal and regulatory challenges, as well as our ability to successfully develop innovative products that attract and retain a significant number of players in order to grow our revenues and earnings, our ability to establish key partnerships, our ability to generate meaningful returns and the risks inherent in any new business; the passage of state, federal or local legislation (including referenda) that would expand, restrict, further tax, prevent or negatively impact operations in or adjacent to the jurisdictions in which we do or seek to do business; with respect to our proposed Pennsylvania Category 4 casinos in York and Berks counties, risks relating to construction and our ability to achieve our expected budgets, timelines and investment returns, including the ultimate location of other gaming facilities in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania; and the ability to realize the anticipated financial results and synergies as a result of such acquisitions, potential adverse reactions or changes to business or employee relationships, including those resulting from the transactions; and other factors included in “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or discussed in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this document. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed in this document may not occur.
Risks Related to Our Business
We face significant competition from other gaming and entertainment operations.
The gaming industry is characterized by an increasingly high degree of competition among a large number of participants operating from physical locations and/or through online or mobile platforms, including destination casinos, riverboat casinos; dockside casinos; land-based casinos; video lottery; internet gaming;iGaming; sports betting; gaming at taverns in certain states, such as Illinois; gaming at truck stop establishments in certain states, such as PennsylvaniaLouisiana and Louisiana;Pennsylvania; historical horse racing in certain states, such as Arkansas, Kentucky and Virginia; sweepstakes and poker machines not located in casinos; the potential for increased fantasy sports; real money iGaming; Native American gaming; and other forms of gaming in the U.S. Furthermore, competition from internet lotteries, sweepstakes, illegal slot machines and skill games, fantasy sports and internet or mobile-based gaming platforms, which allow their customers to wager on a wide variety of sporting events and/or play Las Vegas-style casino games from home or in non-casino settings could divert customers from our properties and thus adversely affect our business. Even internet wagering services that are illegal under federalfinancial condition, results of operations and state law but operate from overseas locations, may nevertheless sometimes be accessible to domestic gamblers and divert customers from our properties.cash flows. Currently, there are proposals that would legalize internet poker, sports betting and other varieties of internet gamingiGaming in a number of states and at the federal level.states. Several states, such as Nevada,Delaware, Mississippi, New Jersey, Nevada and Delaware,Pennsylvania, have enacted legislation authorizing intrastate internet gamingiGaming and internet gamingiGaming operations have begun in these states. In addition, Pennsylvania enacted legislation allowing regulated online poker and casino-style games within the state. Further, there has been recent expansion of sports betting in various states, (suchsuch as Indiana, Iowa, Mississippi, New Jersey, Mississippi, Pennsylvania and West Virginia)Virginia, as states have passed legislation legalizing sports betting in casinos. Expansion of internet gamingland-based and iGaming in other jurisdictions (both legalregulated and illegal)unregulated) could further compete with our traditional and iGaming operations, which could have an adverse impact on our businessfinancial condition, results of operations and result of operations.cash flows.
In a broader sense, our gaming operations face competition from all manner of leisure and entertainment activities, including: shopping;including shopping, athletic events;events, television and movies; concerts;movies, concerts and travel. Legalized gaming is currently permitted in various forms throughout the U.S., and on various lands taken into trust for the benefit of certain Native Americans in the U.S. and Canada. Other jurisdictions, including states adjacent to states in which we currently have facilities,properties, have recently legalized, implemented and expanded gaming. In addition, established gaming jurisdictions could award additional gaming
licenses or permit the expansion or relocation of existing gaming operations (including VGTs, skill games, sports betting and iGaming). Voters and state legislatures may seek to supplement traditional tax revenue sources of state governments by authorizing or expanding gaming in the states that we operate in or the states that are adjacent to or near our existing properties. New, relocated or expanded operations by other persons could increase competition for our gaming operations and could have a material adverse impact on us.
We face intense competition in the markets in which we operate.
Gaming competition is intense in most of the markets where we operate. Recently, there has been additional significant competition in our markets as a result of the upgrading or expansion of facilitiesproperties by existing market participants, the entrance of new gaming participants into a market or legislative changes.changes permitting additional forms of gaming. As competing properties and new markets are opened,open, our operating results of operations may be negatively impacted. For example, the recent openings of MGM Springfield in Western Massachusetts in August 2018; Tiverton Casino Hotel in Tiverton, Rhode Island, in September 2018; Encore Boston Harbor in Eastern Massachusetts in June 2019; and the new casinoshotel tower at Twin River Casino Hotel in Lincoln, Rhode Island, which opened in October 2018; have negatively impacted our Plainridge Park Casino. In addition, a new tribal casino in Nebraska opened in November 2018, which competes with Ameristar Council Bluffs, and racinos have opened that competethe launch of historical racing machines in the same market as our Lawrenceburg property, namely the opening of Belterra ParkVirginia in May 2014, our own Dayton facility in August 2014, and Horseshoe Casino in Cincinnati in March 2013; there is significantly increased competition to2019 has impacted our Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races property from the casino complex at the Arundel Mills mall in Anne Arundel, Maryland, the opening of Maryland Live! and Horseshoe Casino Baltimore in Baltimore, Maryland in 2014 and the opening of MGM National Harbor casino in Prince George’s County, Maryland in December 2016, whichproperty. There is also competes to a lesser extent with Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course; the opening of our joint venture casino project in Kansas in February 2012, which impacted Argosy Casino Riverside; and the potential opening of afor another new tribal casino in Taunton, Massachusetts (the construction is currently on hold following a judicial ruling in favor of the Taunton property owners who contended that the federal government erred in placing reservation land in trust for the Mashpee Wampanoag tribe); the recent opening of a tribal casino in Nebraska in November 2018, which competes with Ameristar Council Bluffs; the recent openings of MGM Springfield in Western Massachusetts in August 2018 and Tiverton Casino Hotel in Tiverton, Rhode Island, in September 2018, the expected opening of Wynn Everett in Eastern Massachusetts in mid-2019, and the new hotel tower at Twin River Casino Hotel in Lincoln, Rhode Island, which opened in the fourth quarter 2018; are anticipated to negatively impact our Plainridge Park Casino. .
Hollywood Casino Aurora, Hollywood Casino Joliet, and Ameristar East Chicago have also been negatively impacted by the proliferation of VGTs at numerous locations throughout the state of Illinois, which are in the vicinity of our operations.operations, as well as expanded land-based casinos within the state of Illinois. In addition, some of our direct competitors in certain markets may have superior facilities and/or operating conditions. Pennsylvania also enacted legislation that willin October 2017 to significantly expand gaming in the state which will causethat causes additional competition for Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course, Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course, and Meadows Racetrack and Casino. In addition, Indiana legislators approved a bill that allows new casinos in Gary, Indiana, which will provide more proximate competition to Ameristar East Chicago. We expect each
existing or future market in which we participate to be highly competitive. The competitive position of each of our casino properties is discussed in detail in Item 1. Business, “Competition,” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We may face disruption and other difficulties in integrating and managing facilitiesproperties or other initiatives we have recently acquired, may develop or acquire in the future.
We expect to continue pursuing expansion opportunities, and we regularly evaluate opportunities for acquisition and development of new properties, whichproperties. Such evaluations may include discussions and the review of confidential information after the execution of nondisclosure agreements with potential acquisition candidates, some of which may be potentially significant in relation to our size.
We could face significant challenges in managing and integrating our expanded or combined operations and any other properties we may develop or acquire, particularly in new competitive markets, such as the entry into the Michigan market with the pending acquisition of Greektown.Greektown in May 2019. The integration of more significant properties that we may develop or acquire (such as those acquired in the Pinnacle transaction as well as the Margaritaville Resort Casino and anticipated Greektown transactions)Greektown) will require the dedication of management resources that may temporarily divert attention from our day-to-day business. In addition, development and integration of new information technology systems that may be required is costly and time-consuming. The process of integrating properties that we may acquire also could interrupt the activities of those businesses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows. In addition, the development of new properties may involve construction, local opposition, regulatory, legal and competitive risks as well as the risks attendant to partnership deals on these development opportunities. In particular, in projects where we team up with a joint venture partner, if we cannot reach agreement with such partners, or if our relationships otherwise deteriorate, we could face significant increased costs and delays. Local opposition can delay or increase the anticipated cost of a project. Many of these same risks apply to our iGaming initiatives. Finally, given the competitive nature of these types of limited license opportunities, litigation is possible.
Management of new properties, especially in new geographic areas and business lines may require that we increase our management resources.resources or divert the attention of our current management. We cannot assure you that we will be able to manage the combined operations effectively or realize any of the anticipated benefits of our acquisitions or development projects. We also cannot assure you that if acquisitions are completed, that the acquired businesses will generate returns consistent with our expectations.
Our ability to achieve our objectives in connection with any acquisition we may consummate may be highly dependent on, among other things, our ability to retain the senior level property management teams of such acquisition candidates. If, for any
reason, we are unable to retain these management teams following such acquisitions or if we fail to attract new capable executives, our operations after consummation of such acquisitions could be materially adversely affected.
The occurrence of some or all of the above described events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows.
WeIn the event we make another acquisition, we may face risks related to our ability to receive regulatory approvals required to complete, or other delays or impediments to completing, certain of our acquisitions.such acquisition.
Our growth is fueled, in part, by the acquisition of existing gaming, racing, and development properties.properties, as well as our iGaming initiatives. In addition to standard closing conditions, our acquisitions are often conditioned on the receipt of regulatory approvals and other hurdles that create uncertainty and could increase costs. Such delays could significantly reduce the benefits to us of such acquisitions and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows.
We face a number of challenges prior to opening new or upgraded gaming facilities.properties.
No assurance can be given that, when we endeavor to open new or upgraded gaming facilities,properties or launch new iGaming channels, the expected timetables for opening such facilitiesproperties will be met in light of the uncertainties inherent in the development of the regulatory framework, construction, the licensing process, legislative action and litigation. Delays in opening new or upgraded facilitiesproperties could lead to increased costs and delays in receiving anticipated revenues with respect to such facilitiesproperties and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows.
We are required to payutilize a significant portion of our cash flows as financingflow from operations to make our rent payments under theour Triple Net Leases, which could adversely affect our ability to fund our operations and growth and limit our ability to react to competitive and economic changes.
We are required to payutilize a significant portion of our cash flow from operations asto make our rent payments pursuant to and subject to the terms and conditions of leases, including our three leasesMaster Leases with GLPI, our Meadows Lease with GLPI, and our lease for Margaritaville Resort CasinoLease and Greektown Lease with VICI (collectively, the leases are referred to(as defined previously as the “Leases”our “Triple Net Leases”). As a result of these commitments, our ability to fund our own
operations or development projects, raise capital, make acquisitions and otherwise respond to competitive and economic changes may be adversely affected. For example, our obligations under the Triple Net Leases may:
make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness and to obtain additional indebtedness;
increase our vulnerability to general or regional adverse economic and industry conditions or a downturn in our business;
require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to making lease payments, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes;
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate; and
restrict our ability to raise capital, make acquisitions, divestitures and engage in other significant transactions.
Any of the above listed factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows.
Most of our facilities are leased and could experience risks associated with leased property, including risks relating to lease termination, lease extensions, charges and our relationship with our landlords, GLPI and VICI,REIT Landlords, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, or results of operations.operations and cash flows.
We lease 34 of the facilities we operate pursuant to the Triple Net Leases. The Triple Net Leases provide that our landlords, GLPI and VICI,REIT Landlords may terminate each such Lease for a number of reasons, including, subject to applicable cure periods, the default in any payment of rent, taxes or other payment obligations or the breach of any other covenant or agreement in the lease. Termination of any of our Triple Net Leases could result in a default under our debt agreements and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position orcondition, results of operations.operations and cash flows. Moreover, as a lessee, we do not completely control the land and improvements underlying our operations, and our landlords under the Triple Net Leases could take certain actions to disrupt our rights in the facilities leased under the Triple Net Leases whichthat are beyond our control. If one of our landlords chose to disrupt our use either permanently or for a significant period of time, then the value of our assets could be impaired and our business and operations would be adversely affected. There can also be no assurance that we will be able to comply with our obligations under the Triple Net Leases in the future. In addition, if one of our landlords has financial, operational, regulatory
or other challenges, there can be no assurance that the landlord will be able to comply with its obligations under its agreements with us.
Each of our Leases is commonly known as aUnder triple net lease. Accordingly,leases, in addition to rent, we are required to pay, among other things, the following: (1) all facility maintenance, (2) all insurance required in connection with the leased properties and the business conducted on the leased properties, (3) taxes levied on or with respect to the leased properties (other than taxes on the income of the lessor) and (4) all utilities and other services necessary or appropriate for the leased properties and the business conducted on the leased properties. We are responsible for incurring the costs described in the preceding sentence notwithstanding the fact that many of the benefits received in exchange for such costs shall in part accrue to the landlords as owners of the associated facilities. In addition, if some of our leased facilities should prove to be unprofitable, we could remain obligated for lease payments and other obligations under the Triple Net Leases even if we decided to withdraw from those locations. We could incur special charges relating to the closing of such facilities, including lease termination costs, impairment charges and other special charges that would reduce our net income and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows.
We may face reductions in discretionary consumer spending as a result of an economic downturn.
Our net revenues are highly dependent upon the volume and spending levels of customers at properties we manage, and as such, our business has been adversely impacted by economic downturns.downturns in the past. Decreases in discretionary consumer spending brought about by weakened general economic conditions such as, but not limited to, lackluster recoveries from recessions, high unemployment levels, higher income taxes, low levels of consumer confidence, weakness in the housing market, cultural and demographic changes, high fuel or other transportation costs and increased stock market volatility may negatively impact our revenues and operating cash flow.
We face extensive regulation from gaming authorities.authorities, which could have a material adverse effect on us.
As owners and managers of casino gaming, online gaming, sports betting, video lottery, VGTs, and pari-mutuel wagering operations, we are subject to extensive state and local regulation. These regulatory authorities have broad discretion, and may, for any reason set forth in the applicable
legislation, rules and regulations, limit, condition, suspend, fail to renew or revoke a license or registration to conduct gaming operations or prevent us from owning the securities of any of our gaming subsidiaries or prevent another person from owning an equity interest in us. Like all gaming operators in the jurisdictions in which we operate, we must periodically apply to renew our gaming licenses or registrations and have the suitability of certain of our directors, officers and employees approved. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such renewals or approvals. Regulatory authorities have input into our operations, for instance, hours of operation, location or relocation of a facility, and numbers and types of machines. Regulators may also levy substantial fines against or seize our assets, or the assets of our subsidiaries or the people involved in violating gaming laws or regulations. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows.
We have demonstrated suitability to obtain and have obtained all governmental licenses, registrations, permits and approvals necessary for us to operate our existing gaming and pari-mutuel facilities. Weproperties. There can givebe no assurance to you that we will be able to retain those existing licenses or demonstrate suitability to obtain any new licenses, registrations, permits or approvals. In addition, the loss of a license in one jurisdiction could trigger the loss of a license or affect our eligibility for a license in another jurisdiction. As we expand our gaming operations in our existing jurisdictions or to new areas, we may have to meet additional suitability requirements and obtain additional licenses, registrations, permits and approvals from gaming authorities in these jurisdictions. The approval process can be time-consuming and costly, and we cannot be sure that we will be successful. Furthermore, this risk is particularly pertinent to our iGaming initiatives because regulations in this area are not as fully developed or established.
Gaming authorities in the U.S. generally can require that any beneficial owner of our securities file an application for a finding of suitability. If a gaming authority requires a record or beneficial owner of our securities to file a suitability application, the owner must generally apply for a finding of suitability within 30 days or at an earlier time prescribed by the gaming authority. The gaming authority has the power to investigate such an owner’s suitability and the owner must pay all costs of the investigation. If the owner is found unsuitable, then the owner may be required by law to dispose of our securities.
Our directors, officers, key employees, and joint venture partners must also meet approval standards of certain state regulatory authorities. If state gaming regulatory authorities were to find a person occupying any such position or a joint venture partner unsuitable, we would be required to sever our relationship with that person or the joint venture partner. State regulatory agencies may conduct investigations into the conduct or associations of our directors, officers, key employees or joint venture partners to ensure compliance with applicable standards.
Certain public and private issuances of securities and other transactions that we are party to also require the approval of some state regulatory authorities.
Changes in legislation and regulation of our operationsbusiness could have an adverse effect on our business.financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Regulations governing the conduct of gaming activities and the obligations of gaming companies in any jurisdiction in which we have or in the future may have gaming operations are subject to change and could impose additional operating, financial, competitive or other burdens on the way we conduct our business.
In particular, certain areas of law governing new gaming activities, such as the federal and state law applicable to internet gamingiGaming and sports betting, are new or developing in light of emerging technologies. New and developing areas of law may be subject to the interpretation of the government agencies tasked with enforcing them. In some circumstances, a government agency may interpret a statute or regulation in one manner and then reconsider its interpretation at a later date. No assurance can be provided that government agencies will interpret or enforce new or developing areas of law consistently, predictably, or favorably. Moreover, legislation to prohibit, limit or add burdens to our business may be introduced in the future in states where gaming has been legalized. In addition, from time to time, legislators and special interest groups have proposed legislation that would expand, restrict or prevent gaming operations or which may otherwise adversely impact our operations in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Any expansion of gaming or restriction on or prohibition of our gaming operations or enactment of other adverse regulatory changes could have a material adverse effect on our operating results. For example, in January 2019, legal counsel for the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) issued a legal opinion on the Interstate Wire Act of 1961 (“Wire Act”), which stated that the Wire Act bans any form of online gambling if it crosses state lines and reversed a 2011 DOJ legal opinion that stated that itthe Wire Act only applied to interstate sports betting. The validity of the 2019 DOJ legal opinion and the conflicting interpretations of the Wire Act by DOJ is presently the subject of ongoing litigation.
State and local smoking restrictions have negatively affected our business and may continue to negatively affect our business.
Legislation in various forms to ban indoor tobacco smoking in public places has been enacted or introduced in many states and local jurisdictions, including several of the jurisdictions in which we operate. We believe the smoking restrictions have significantly impacted business volumes.
InFor example, in November 2018, voters in St. Louis County approved a ballot referendum that requires Hollywood Casino St. Louis and River City Casino to make at least 50% of their gaming floor smoke free. This smoking restriction has had an adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows at our casinos in St. Louis County. Additionally, in August 2017, the East Baton Rouge Metropolitan Council approved a smoking ban in casinos and bars that took effect in June 2018. This smoking ban has had and is expected to continue to have an adverse effect on our business at L’Auberge Baton Rouge, which we acquired as part of the Pinnacle transaction. We also face a partial smoking ban in St. Louis, Missouri, which could impact both our Hollywood Casino St. Louis and River City Casino properties. In January 2015, the New Orleans City Council unanimously approved an ordinance in the City of New Orleans that prohibits smoking in casinos, bars and restaurants. The Boomtown New Orleans facility is located in the City of Harvey and not in the City of New Orleans, so the smoking ban does not apply to that facility. However, if a smoking ban was approved in the City of Harvey, we believe that this will have an adverse effect on our business.Rouge.
The passage of the Smoke Free Illinois Act which banned smoking in casinos, adversely affected revenues and operating results at our Illinois properties at the time it was implemented in January 2008. In Pennsylvania, we are currently only permitted to allowhave smoking on only up to 50% of the gaming floorfloors of our Grantville facilityMeadows Racetrack and Casino and Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course properties; and smoking is banned in all other indoor areas. Additionally, in July 2012, a state statute in Indiana became effective that imposes a state widestatewide smoking ban in specified businesses, buildings, public places and other specified locations. The statute specifically exempts riverboat casinos and all other gaming facilitiesproperties in Indiana from the smoking ban. However, the statute allows local government to enact a more restrictive smoking ban than the state statute and also leaves in place any more restrictive local legislation that exists as of the effective date of the statute. To date, our facilityproperties in East Chicago and Lawrenceburg, Indiana, isare not subject to any such local legislation.
On November 6, 2018, voters in St. Louis County approved a ballot referendum that requires Hollywood Casino St. Louis and River City Casino to make at least 50% of their gaming floor smoke free. This smoking restriction could have an adverse impact on our business operations at our casinos in St. Louis County.
If additional smoking restrictions are enacted within jurisdictions where we operate or seek to do business, our businessfinancial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.
Material increases to our taxes or the adoption of new taxes could have a material adverse effect on our future financial results.
We believe that the prospect of significant revenue is one of the primary reasons that jurisdictions permit legalized gaming. As a result, gaming companies are typically subject to significant revenue basedrevenue-based taxes and fees in addition to normal federal, state local and provinciallocal income taxes, and such taxes and fees are subject to increase at any time. We pay substantial taxes and fees with respect to our operations. From time to time,time-to-time, federal, state, local and provincial legislators and officials have proposed changes in tax laws, or in the administration of such laws, affecting the gaming industry. In addition, worsening economic conditions could intensify the efforts of state and local governments to raise revenues through increases in gaming taxes, property taxes and/or by authorizing additional gaming facilitiesproperties each subject to payment of a new license fee. It is not possible to determine
with certainty the likelihood of changes in such laws or in the administration of such laws. Such changes, if adopted, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows. The large number of state and local governments with significant current or projected budget deficits makes it more likely that those governments that currently permit gaming will seek to fund such deficits with new or increased gaming taxes and/or property taxes, and worsening economic conditions could intensify those efforts. Any material increase, or the adoption of additional taxes or fees, could have a material adverse effect on our future financial results.results, especially in light of our significant fixed rent payments.
In gaming jurisdictions in which we operate, state and local governments raise considerable revenues from taxes based on casino revenues and operations. We also pay property taxes, admission taxes, occupancy taxes, sales and use taxes, payroll taxes, franchise taxes and income taxes. Our profitability depends on generating enough revenues to pay gaming taxes and other largely variable expenses, such as payroll and marketing, as well as largely fixed expenses, such as rental payments to our landlords, property taxes and interest expense. From time-to-time, state and local governments have increased gaming taxes and such increases can significantly impact the profitability of gaming operations. For example, in October 2017, Pennsylvania increased gaming taxes, which adversely impacted our properties in Pennsylvania.
We cannot assure you that governments in jurisdictions in which we operate, or the federal government, will not enact legislation that increases gaming tax rates. Global economic pressures have reduced the revenues of state governments from traditional tax sources, which may cause state legislatures or the federal government to be more inclined to increase gaming tax rates.
We are required to comply with extensive non-gaming laws and regulations.
We are also subject to a variety of other rules and regulations, including zoning, environmental, construction and land-use laws and regulations governing the serving of alcoholic beverages. If we are not in compliance with these laws, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows. We also deal with significant amounts of cash in our operations and are subject to various reporting and anti-money laundering regulations. Any violation of anti-money laundering laws or regulations, or any accusations of money laundering or regulatory investigations into possible money laundering activities, by any of our properties, employees or customers could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We have certain properties that generate a significant percentage of our net revenues.
For the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, we generated approximately 10.2%14.8%, 11.3%, and 13.6% of our net revenues from our facilityproperties within the states of Louisiana, Missouri, and Ohio, respectively. Additionally, we generated 6.8% of our revenues from our property in Charles Town, West Virginia. Furthermore, with the acquisitions of Pinnacle and Margaritaville Resort Casino, for the year ending December 31, 2019, we anticipate a significant portion of our net revenues will be generated from our facilities in Louisiana, principally L’Auberge Lake Charles. Our ability to meet our operating and debt service requirements is dependent, in part, upon the continued success of our facilitiesproperties in Louisiana, Missouri, Ohio, and in West Virginia. The operations at the facilities in Louisiana and West Virginia and any of our other facilitiesOur properties could be adversely affected by numerous factors, including those described in these “Risk Factors” as well as more specifically those described below:
risks related to local and regional economic and competitive conditions, such as a decline in the number of visitors to a facility, a downturn in the overall economy in the market, a decrease in consumer spending on gaming activities in the market or an increase in competition within and outside the state in which each property is located;
changes in local and state governmental laws and regulations (including smoking restrictions and changes in laws and regulations affecting gaming operations and taxes) applicable to a facility;
impeded access to a facility due to weather, road construction or closures of primary access routes;
work stoppages, organizing drives and other labor problems as well as issues arising in connection with agreements with horsemen and pari-mutuel clerks; and
the occurrence of natural disasters or other adverse regional weather trends.
In addition, although to a lesser extent than our facilitiesproperties in Louisiana, Missouri, Ohio, and West Virginia, we anticipate meaningful contributions from Ameristar Black Hawk, Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course,Greektown, and our properties in Missouri and Ohio.Pennsylvania. Therefore, our results will be dependent on the regional economies and competitive landscapes at these locations as well.
We may continue to experience animpairments of our goodwill and other intangible assets and could potentially experience impairment of our goodwill, other intangible assets, or long-lived assets, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
WeIn recent years, we have recognized a substantial amount of goodwill, gaming licenses and trademarks, in connection with consummation of the merger with Pinnacle Acquisition and the allocationacquisitions of the purchase price thereto.Margaritaville and Greektown. We test goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually during the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. A significant amount of judgment is involved in performing fair value estimates
for goodwill and other intangible assets since the results are based on estimated future cash flows and assumptions, related thereto. Significant assumptions include estimates of future sales and expense trends, construction costs,such as discount rates, liquidityexpected competition and capitalization,capital expenditures, among other factors. We base our fair value estimates on projected financial information, which we believe to be reasonable. However, actual results may differ from those projections. Further,As a result of our 2019 annual impairment test, we recognized impairments on our goodwill, gaming licenses and trademarks, of $88.0 million, $62.6 million and $20.0 million, respectively. In the future, we may need to recognize anadditional amounts of impairment on our goodwill, gaming licenses and trademarks, particularly with regards to the Pinnacle Acquisition and the acquisitions of some of the goodwill recognized in the merger with Pinnacle or any other indefinite-lived intangible assets, itMargaritaville and Greektown, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We are or may become involved in legal proceedings that, if adversely adjudicated or settled, could impact our financial condition.condition and results of operations.
From time to time, we are defendants in various lawsuits relating to matters incidental to our business. The nature of our business subjects us to the risk of lawsuits filed by customers, past and present employees, competitors, business partners and others in the ordinary course of business (particularly in the case of class actions). As with all litigation, no assurance can be provided as to the outcome of these matters and, in general, litigation can be expensive and time consuming. We may not be successful in these lawsuits, and, especially with increasing class action claims in our industry, could result in costs, settlements or damages that could significantly impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows.
Our operations are largely dependent on the skill and experience of our management and key personnel. The loss of management and other key personnel could significantly harm our business, and we may not be able to effectively replace members of management who have left our company.company, particularly as we enter new channels of iGaming.
Our success and our competitive position are largely dependent upon, among other things, the efforts and skills of our senior executives and management team. Although we enter into employment agreements with certain of our senior executives and key personnel, we cannot guarantee that these individuals will remain employed by us. If we lose the services of any members of our management team or other key personnel, our business may be significantly impaired. We cannot assure you that we will be able to retain our existing senior executive and management personnel or attract additional qualified senior executive and management personnel.
We expect to experience strong competition in hiring and retaining qualified property and corporate management personnel, including competition from numerous Native American gaming facilitiescasinos that are not subject to the same taxation regimes as we are and therefore may be willing and able to pay higher rates of compensation. From time to time,time-to-time, we expect to have a number of vacancies in key corporate and property management positions. If we are unable to successfully recruit and retain qualified management personnel at our facilitiesproperties, iGaming division, or at our corporate level, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.
Inclement weather, acts or threats of terrorism, and other casualty events could seriously disrupt our business and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, and results of operations.operations and cash flows.
The operations of our facilitiesproperties are subject to disruptions or reduced patronage as a result of severe weather conditions, natural disasters, acts or threats of terrorism, concerns about contagious diseases, and other casualty events. Because many of our gaming operations are located on or adjacent to bodies of water, these facilitiesproperties are subject to risks in addition to those associated with land-based casinos, including loss of service due to casualty, forces of nature, mechanical failure, extended or extraordinary maintenance, flood, hurricane or other severe weather conditions. Many of our casinos operate in areas which are subject to periodic flooding that has caused us to
experience decreased attendance and increased operating expenses. Any flood or other severe weather condition could lead to the loss of use of a casino facility for an extended period. For instance, Hollywood Casino Toledo was closed for brief periods in 2014, 2015 and 2016 due to harsh winter conditions and Argosy Casino Alton was closed for several days in December 2015, January 2016, May 2017 and May 20172019, due to flooding. In 2015, Boomtown Bossier City experienced flooding which resulted in temporary closure, repair and clean-up costs and lost business volume. In 2016, L’Auberge Lake Charles and L’Auberge Baton Rouge were both negatively impacted by lost business volume due to severe rain and flooding. In 2017, visitation to Boomtown New Orleans, L’Auberge Lake Charles and L’Auberge Baton Rouge was negatively impacted by Hurricanes Harvey and Nate. Most recently, adverse winter weather and severe flooding in the first half of 2019 negatively impacted visitation at several of our properties in the Midwest.
Even if adverse weather conditions do not require the closure of our facilities,properties, those conditions make it more difficult for our customers to reach our properties for an extended period of time, which can have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. Casualty events such as, the tragic shootings that occurred on the Las Vegas Strip on October 1, 2017 that affect tourism also impact our business. Following the October 2017this tragedy, operations at Tropicana Las Vegas were adversely effected.affected.
The extent to which we can recover under our insurance policies for damages sustained at our properties in the event of future inclement weather and other casualty events could adversely affect our business.
We maintain significant property insurance, including business interruption coverage, for these and other properties. However, there can be no assurances that we will be fully or promptly compensated for losses at any of our facilitiesproperties in the event of future inclement weather or casualty events. In addition, our property insurance coverage is in an amount that may be significantly less than the expected and actual replacement cost of rebuilding certain facilitiesproperties “as was” if there was a total loss. The Triple Net Leases require us, in the event of a casualty event, to rebuild a leased property to substantially the same condition as existed immediately before such casualty event. We renew our insurance policies (other than our builder’s risk insurance) on an annual basis. The cost of coverage may become so material that we may need to further reduce our policy limits, further increase our deductibles, or agree to certain exclusions from our coverage.
Our gaming operations rely heavily on technology services and an uninterrupted supply of electrical power. Our security systems and all of our slot machines are controlled by computers and reliant on electrical power to operate.
Any unscheduled disruption in our technology services or interruption in the supply of electrical power could result in an immediate, and possibly substantial, loss of revenues due to a shutdown of our gaming operations. Such interruptions may occur as a result of, for example, a failure of our information technology or related systems, catastrophic events or rolling blackouts. Our systems are also vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, floods, fires, telecommunication failures, terrorist attacks, computer viruses, computer denial-of-service attacks and similar events. In the event onethat any of these third partiesthe third-parties we rely on for power experiences a disruption in its ability to provide such services to us (whether due to technological difficulties or power problems), this may result in a material disruption at the casinos that we operate and have a material effect on our business, operatingfinancial condition, results of operations and financial condition.cash flows.
Our information technology and other systems are subject to cyber security risk, including misappropriation of employee information, customer information or other breaches of information security.
We increasingly rely on information technology and other systems, including our own systems and those of service providers and third parties, to manage our business and employee data and maintain and transmit customers’ personal and financial information, credit card settlements, credit card funds transmissions, mailing lists and reservations information. Our collection of such data is subject to extensive regulation by private groups, such as the payment card industry, as well as governmental authorities, including gaming authorities. Privacy regulations continue to evolve and we have taken, and will continue to take, steps to comply by implementing processes designed to safeguard our business, employee and customers’ confidential and personal information. In addition, our security measures are reviewed and evaluated regularly. However, our information and processes and those of our service providers and other third parties, are subject to the ever-changing threat of compromised security, in the form of a risk of potential breach, system failure, computer virus, or unauthorized or fraudulent use by customers, company employees, or employees of third party vendors. The steps we take to deter and mitigate the risks of breaches may not be successful, and any resulting compromise or loss of data or systems could adversely impact operations or regulatory compliance and could result in remedial expenses, fines, litigation, disclosures, and loss of reputation, potentially impacting our financial results.
Further, as cyber-attacks continue to evolve, we may incur significant costs in our attempts to modify or enhance our protective measures or investigate or remediate any vulnerability. Increased instances of cyber-attacks may also have a negative reputational impact on us and our properties that may result in a loss of customer confidence and, as a result, may have a material adverse effect on our business andfinancial condition, results of operations.
operations and cash flows.
Our operations in certain jurisdictions depend on management agreements and/or leases with third parties and local governments.
Our operations in several jurisdictions depend on land leases and/or management and development agreements with third parties and local governments. If we, or if GLPI or VICI in the case of leases pursuant to which we are the sub-lessee, are unable to renew these leases and agreements on satisfactory terms as they expire or if disputes arise regarding the terms of these agreements, our business may be disrupted and, in the event of disruptions in multiple jurisdictions, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, and results of operations.
We depend on agreements with our horsemenoperations and pari-mutuel clerks
The Federal Interstate Horseracing Act of 1978, as amended, the West Virginia Race Horse Industry Reform Act and the Pennsylvania Racing Act require that, in order to simulcast races, we have certain agreements with the horse owners and trainers at our West Virginia and Pennsylvania racetracks. In addition, West Virginia requires applicants seeking to renew their gaming license to demonstrate they have an agreement regarding the proceeds of the gaming machines with a representative of a majority of the horse owners and trainers, a representative of a majority of the pari-mutuel clerks and a representative of a majority of the horse breeders.
At Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races, the Company has an agreement with the Charles Town Horsemen’s Benevolent and Protective Association, which expired on June 18, 2018, but has been extended until April 18, 2019. Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races also has an agreement with the breeders that expires on June 30, 2019. Additionally, the pari-mutuel clerks at Charles Town are represented under a collective bargaining agreement with the West Virginia Union of Mutuel Clerks, which expired on December 31, 2010, but has been extended on a month-to-month basis.
The Company’s agreement with the Pennsylvania Horsemen’s Benevolent and Protective Association at Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course was renewed through January 31, 2020. The Company has an agreement with Laborers’ International Union of North America Local 108, regarding both on-track and off-track pari-mutuel clerks and admission staff, which expires on December 1, 2021. The Company has an agreement, which runs through August 2021, with the International Chapter of Horseshoers and Allied Equine Trades Local 947 regarding starting gate and jockey valet staff.
In certain jurisdictions where we operate pari-mutuel wagering, if we fail to present evidence of an agreement with the horsemen at a track, we may not be permitted to conduct live racing and export and import simulcasting at that track and OTWs and, in West Virginia, our video lottery license may not be renewed. In addition, our annual simulcast export agreements are subject to the horsemen’s approval under the Federal Interstate Horseracing Act of 1978, as amended. Some simulcast import agreements require horsemen approval depending on state law. If we fail to renew or modify existing agreements on satisfactory terms, this failure could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.cash flows.
Our planned capital expenditures may not result in our expected improvements in our business.
We regularly expend capital to construct, maintain and renovate our properties to remain competitive, maintain the value and brand standards of our properties and comply with applicable laws and regulations. Our ability to realize the expected returns on our capital investments is dependent on a number of factors, including, general economic conditions; changes to
construction plans and specifications; delays in obtaining or inability to obtain necessary permits, licenses and approvals; disputes with contractors; disruptions to our business caused by construction; and other unanticipated circumstances or cost increases.
While we believe that the overall budgets for our planned capital expenditures are reasonable, these costs are estimates and the actual costs may be higher than expected. In addition, we can provide no assurance that these investments will be sufficient or that we will realize our expected returns on our capital investments, or any returns at all. A failure to realize our expected returns on capital investments could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations or an outright sale of the loan to a third party.and cash flows.
The concentration and evolution of the slot machine manufacturing industry could impose additional costs on us.
A majority of our revenues are attributable to slot machines and related systems operated by us at our gaming facilities.properties. It is important, for competitive reasons, that we offer the most popular and up to date slot machine games with the latest technology to our customers.
A substantial majority of the slot machines sold in the U.S. in recent years were manufactured by a few select companies, and there has been extensive consolidation activity within the gaming equipment sector in recent years, including the
acquisitions of Multimedia Games, Inc. by Everi Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as Global Cash Access,Access), Bally Technologies, Inc. (which had acquired SHFL Entertainment, Inc.) and WMS Industries Inc. by Scientific Games Corporation and International Gaming TechnologiesGame Technology by GTECH Holdings.
In recent years, slot machine manufacturers have frequently refused to sell slot machines featuring the most popular games, instead requiring participation lease arrangements in order to acquire the machines. Participation slot machine leasing arrangements typically require the payment of a fixed daily rental. Such agreements may also include a percentage payment of coin-in or net win. Generally, a participation lease is substantially more expensive over the long term than the cost to purchase a new machine.
For competitive reasons, we may be forced to purchase new slot machines or enter into participation lease arrangements that are more expensive than our current costs associated with the continued operation of our existing slot machines. If the newer slot machines do not result in sufficient incremental revenues to offset the increased investment and participation lease costs, it could hurt our profitability.
We have announced several initiatives in the social gaming space, which is a new line of business for us in a rapidly evolving and highly competitive market. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete effectively or that our new initiatives will be successful.
We have announced several initiatives in the social gaming space, including the 2016 acquisition of Rocket Speed, and expect to continue to invest in and market social gaming and other mobile gaming platforms to our customers in casinos and beyond and to explore other acquisitions in the space. Social gaming is a new line of business for us, which makes it difficult to assess its future prospects. Our products will compete in a rapidly evolving and highly competitive market against an increasing number of competitors, including Playtika, Zynga and slot manufacturers. Given the open nature of the development and distribution of games for electronic devices, our business will also compete with developers and distributors who are able to create and launch games and other content for these devices using relatively limited resources and with relatively limited start-up time or expertise. We have limited experience operating in this rapidly evolving marketplace and may not be able to compete effectively.
In addition, our ability to be successful with our social gaming platform is dependent on numerous factors beyond our control that affect the social and mobile gaming industry and the online gaming industry in the United States, including the occurrence and manner of legalization of online real money gaming in the United States beyond Nevada, Delaware and New Jersey; changes to the policies of social gaming distribution channels, including Apple and Google; changes in consumer demographics and public tastes and preferences; changing laws and regulations affecting social and mobile games; the reaction of regulatory bodies to social gaming initiatives by holders of gaming licenses; the availability and popularity of other forms of entertainment; any challenges to the intellectual property rights underlying our games; any advances in technology that we are unable to implement timely; and outages and disruptions of our online services that may harm our business.
Our social gaming initiatives will result in increased operating expense and increased time and attention from our management. In addition, we may be particularly dependent on key personnel in our interactive business unit. We believe our social games are complementary to our current operations and offer additional avenues of access and interaction for our customers, and, the social gaming business depends on developing and publishing games that consumers will download and spend time and money on consistently. We continue to invest in research and development, analytics and marketing to attract and retain customers for our social games. Our success depends, in part, on unpredictable factors beyond our control, including consumer preferences, competing games and other forms of entertainment, and the emergence of new platforms. Our inability to ultimately monetize our investment in social gaming initiatives could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We have recently expanded our sports betting operations. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete effectively or that we will be successful and generate sufficient returns on our investment.
During the second quarterIn May 2018, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act of 1992 (“PASPA”) as unconstitutional. Prior to the Court’s ruling, PASPA banned sports betting in most U.S. States. In light of the Court’s ruling, certain of the jurisdictions in which we operate legalized intra-state sports wagering and established extensive state licensing and regulatory requirements governing any such intra-state sports wagering, including the payment of license fees and additional taxes by operators. WeIn the second half of 2018, we began accepting wagers on sporting events during the third quarter 2018 at Penn National Race Course and our casinos locatedproperties in Mississippi and West Virginia,Virginia; and, during the fourth quarterin 2019, at one ofMeadows Racetrack and Casino and our casinosproperties in Pennsylvania while weIndiana and Iowa. We were already accepting wagers on sporting events in our casinosproperties in Nevada. We are also in the process of completing the regulatory application process to offer sports wagering in Colorado, Illinois and Michigan. We continue to engage with state lawmakers in other jurisdictions in which we already operate to advocate for the passage of laws legalizing sports betting within the
jurisdiction with reasonable tax rates and license fees, similar to legislation enacted in West Virginia, Mississippi and Nevada. Any further expansion of our sports betting operations is dependent on potential legislation in these other jurisdictions.
Our sports betting operations will compete in a rapidly evolving and highly competitive market against an increasing number of competitors. In order to compete successfully,augment our revenues, we have acquired an approximate 36% interest in Barstool Sports and have the sole right to utilize its brand for all of our online and retail sports betting for up to 40 years. In addition, we have entered into certain market access agreements with certain other sports betting operators, including DraftKings, PointsBet, The Stars Group and the Score and may need to enter into agreements with additional strategic partners (such as Barstool Sports) and other third partythird-party vendors and we may not be able to do so on terms that are favorable to us. The success of our proposed sports betting operations is dependent on a number of additional factors that are beyond our control, including the ultimate tax rates and license fees charged by jurisdictions across the United States; our ability to gain market share in a newly developing market; the timeliness and the technological and popular viability of our products, our ability to compete with new entrants in the market; changes in consumer demographics and public tastes and preferences; and the availability and popularity of other forms of entertainment. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete effectively or that our expansion will be successful and generate sufficient returns on our investment.
Our internet gamingiGaming initiatives may result in increased risk of cyber-attack, hacking, or other security breaches, which could harm our reputation and competitive position and which could result in regulatory actions against us or in other penalties.
As our social gaming and real money iGaming business grows, we will face increased cyber risks and threats that seek to damage, disrupt or gain access to our networks, our products and services, and supporting infrastructure. Such cyber risks and threats, including to virtual currencies that may be used in the games, may be difficult to detect. Any failure to prevent or mitigate security breaches or cyber risk could result in interruptions to the services we provide, degrade the user experience, and cause our users to lose confidence in our products. The unauthorized access, acquisition or disclosure of consumer information could compel us to comply with disparate breach notification laws and otherwise subject us to proceedings by governmental entities or others and substantial legal and financial liability. Our key business partners also face these same risks with respect to consumer information they collect, and data security breaches with respect to such information could cause reputational harm to them and negatively impact our ability to offer our products and services through their platforms. This could harm our business and reputation, disrupt our relationships with partners and diminish our competitive position.
In recent years, we announced several initiatives within the social gaming/interactive space, which has been a new line of business for us in a rapidly evolving and highly competitive market. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete effectively or that our initiatives will be successful.
In recent years, we announced several initiatives in the social gaming space, including the acquisitions of Absolute Games in May 2018 and Rocket Speed in August 2016, and expect to continue to invest in and market social gaming and other mobile gaming platforms to our customers in casinos and beyond and to explore other acquisitions in the space. Social gaming remains a new and growing line of business for us, which makes it difficult to assess its future prospects. Our products will compete in a rapidly evolving and highly competitive market against an increasing number of competitors, including Playtika, Zynga and slot manufacturers. Given the open nature of the development and distribution of games for electronic devices, our business will also compete with developers and distributors who are able to create and launch games and other content for these devices using relatively limited resources and with relatively limited start-up time or expertise. We have limited experience operating in this rapidly evolving marketplace and may not be able to compete effectively.
In addition, our ability to be successful with our social gaming platform is dependent on numerous factors beyond our control that affect the social and mobile gaming industry and the online gaming industry in the United States, including the legalization and expansion of online real money gaming in the United States beyond the states where it is currently permitted; changes to the policies of social gaming distribution channels, including Apple and Google; changes in consumer demographics and public tastes and preferences; changing laws and regulations affecting social and mobile games; the reaction of regulatory bodies to social gaming initiatives by holders of gaming licenses; the availability and popularity of other forms of entertainment; any challenges to the intellectual property rights underlying our games; any advances in technology that we are unable to timely implement; and outages and disruptions of our online services that may harm our business.
Our iGaming initiatives will result in increased operating expense and increased time and attention from our management. In addition, we may be particularly dependent on key personnel in our iGaming business unit. We believe our interactive initiatives are largely complementary to our current operations and offer additional avenues of access and interaction for our customers, and, the interactive business depends on developing and publishing games that consumers will download and spend time and money on consistently. We continue to invest in research and development, analytics and marketing to attract and retain customers for our games. Our success depends, in part, on unpredictable factors beyond our control, including consumer preferences, the viability and popularity of our apps and products, competing games and other forms of entertainment, and the emergence of new platforms. Our inability to ultimately monetize our investment in social gaming/interactive initiatives could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The success of our VGT operations in Illinois is dependent on our ability to renew our contracts and expand the business.
OnIn September 1, 2015, we completed ourthe acquisition of Prairie State Gaming, one of the largest VGT operators in Illinois and subsequently have completed several smaller acquisitions of VGT operators in the state. We face competition from other VGT operators, as well as from casinos, hotels, taverns and other entertainment venues. Our ability to compete successfully in this new line of business depends on our ability to retain existing customers and secure new establishments, both of which are dependent on the level of service and variety of products that we are able to offer to our customers. VGT contracts are renewable at the option of the owner of the applicable bar and retail gaming establishments and, as our contracts expire, we will be subject to competition for renewals. In addition, VGT operations in Illinois are subject to approval by local municipalities, and therefore our ability to retain and expand our VGT business depends, in part, on such approvals. In addition, there is a risk that the market for VGTs in Illinois could become oversaturated. If we are unable to retain our existing customers or their results suffer
as a result of competition or because the market becomes oversaturated or if certain municipalities in Illinois elect to prohibit VGTs, our businessfinancial condition, results of operations and operationscash flows could be adversely impacted.
We operate in a highly taxed industry and it may be subject to higher taxes in the future. If the jurisdictions in which we operate increase gaming taxes and fees, our operating results could be adversely affected.
In gaming jurisdictions in which we operate, state and local governments raise considerable revenues from taxes based on casino revenues and operations. We also pay property taxes, admission taxes, occupancy taxes, sales and use taxes, payroll taxes, franchise taxes and income taxes. Our profitability depends on generating enough revenues to pay gaming taxes and other largely variable expenses, such as payroll and marketing, as well as largely fixed expenses, such as rental payments to our landlords, property taxes and interest expense. From time to time, state and local governments have increased gaming taxes and such increases can significantly impact the profitability of gaming operations. For example, on October 30, 2017, Pennsylvania increased gaming taxes, which adversely impacted our casinos in Pennsylvania.
We cannot assure you that governments in jurisdictions in which we operate, or the federal government, will not enact legislation that increases gaming tax rates. Global economic pressures have reduced the revenues of state governments from traditional tax sources, which may cause state legislatures or the federal government to be more inclined to increase gaming tax rates.
Work stoppages, organizing drives and other labor problems could negatively impact our future profits.
Some of our employees are currently represented by labor unions. A lengthy strike or other work stoppages at any of our casino properties or construction projects could have an adverse effect on our business andfinancial condition, results of operations.operations and cash flows. Given the large number of employees, labor unions are making a concerted effort to recruit more employees in the gaming industry. We cannot provide any assurance that we will not experience additional and more successful union organization activity in the future.
We are subject to environmental laws and potential exposure to environmental liabilities.
We are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations that govern our operations, including emissions and discharges into the environment, and the handling and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous substances and wastes. Failure to comply with such laws and regulations could result in costs for corrective action, penalties or the imposition of other liabilities or restrictions. From time to time, we have incurred and are incurring costs and obligations for correcting environmental noncompliance matters. The extent of such potential conditions cannot be determined definitively. To date, none of these matters have had a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations;operations and cash flows; however, there can be no assurance that such matters will not have such an effect in the future.
We also are subject to laws and regulations that impose liability and clean-up responsibility for releases of hazardous substances into the environment. Under certain of these laws and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of the property may be liable for the costs of remediating contaminated soil or groundwater on or from its property, without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or caused, the contamination, as well as incur liability to third parties impacted by such contamination. The presence of contamination, or failure to remediate it properly, may adversely affect our ability to use, sell or rent property. Under our contractual arrangements under the Triple Net Leases, we will generally be responsible for both past and future environmental liabilities associated with our gaming operations, notwithstanding ownership of the underlying real property having been transferred. Furthermore, we are aware that there is or may have been soil or groundwater contamination at certain of our properties resulting from current or former operations. By way of further example, portions of Tropicana Las Vegas are known to contain asbestos as well as other environmental conditions, which may include the presence of mold. The environmental conditions may require remediation in isolated areas. The extent of such potential conditions cannot be determined definitely, and may result in additional expense in the event that additional or currently unknown conditions are detected.
Additionally, certain of the gaming chips used at many gaming properties, including some of ours, have been found to contain some level of lead. Analysis by third parties has indicated the normal handling of the chips does not create a health hazard. We have disposed of a majority of these gaming chips. To date, none of these matters or other matters arising under environmental laws has had a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations;operations and cash flows; however, there can be no assurance that such matters will not have such an effect in the future.
We are subject to certain federal, state and other regulations.
We are subject to certain federal, state and local environmental laws, regulations and ordinances that apply to businesses generally, The Bank Secrecy Act, enforced by the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (“FinCEN”) of the U.S. Treasury Department, requires us to report currency transactions in excess of $10,000 occurring within a gaming day, including identification of the guest by name and social security number, to the IRS. This regulation also requires us to report certain suspicious activity, including any transaction that exceeds $5,000 that we know, suspect or have reason to believe involves funds from illegal activity or is designed to evade federal regulations or reporting requirements and to verify sources of funds, in response to which we have implemented Know Your Customer processes. Periodic audits by the IRS and our internal audit department assess compliance with the Bank Secrecy Act, and substantial penalties can be imposed against us if we fail to comply with this regulation. In recent years the U.S. Treasury Department has increased its focus on Bank Secrecy Act compliance throughout the gaming industry, and public comments by FinCEN suggest that casinos should obtain information on each customer’s sources of income. This could impact our ability to attract and retain casino guests.
The riverboats on which we operate must comply with certain federal and state laws and regulations with respect to boat design, on-board facilities, equipment, personnel and safety. In addition, we are required to have third parties periodically inspect and certify all of our casino barges for stability and single compartment flooding integrity. The casino barges on which we operate also must meet local fire safety standards. We would incur additional costs if any of the gaming facilities on which we operate were not in compliance with one or more of these regulations.
We are also subject to a variety of other federal, state and local laws and regulations, including those relating to zoning, construction, land use, employment, marketing and advertising and the production, sale and service of alcoholic beverages. If
we are not in compliance with these laws and regulations or we are subject to a substantial penalty, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The imposition of a substantial penalty could have a material adverse effect on our business.operations and cash flows.
Climate change, climate change regulations and greenhouse effects may adversely impact our operations and markets.
There is a growing political and scientific consensus that greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions also referred to herein as “GHG” continue to alter the composition of the global atmosphere in ways that are affecting and are expected to continue affecting the global climate.
We may become subject to legislation and regulation regarding climate change, and compliance with any new rules could be difficult and costly. Concerned parties, such as legislators and regulators, stockholders and nongovernmental organizations, as well as companies in many business sectors, are considering ways to reduce GHG emissions. Many states have announced or adopted programs to stabilize and reduce GHG emissions and in the past federal legislation have been proposed in Congress. If such legislation is enacted, we could incur increased energy, environmental and other costs and capital expenditures to comply with the limitations. Unless and until legislation is enacted and its terms are known, we cannot reasonably or reliably estimate its impact on our financial condition, operating performance or ability to compete. Further, regulation of GHG emissions may limit our guests’ ability to travel to our facilitiesproperties as a result of increased fuel costs or restrictions on transport related emissions. Climate change could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations financial condition, and liquidity.cash flow. We have described the risks to us associated with extreme weather events in the risk factors above.
We depend on agreements with our horsemen and pari-mutuel clerks.
The Federal Interstate Horseracing Act of 1978, as amended, and state law in certain of the states where we operate pari-mutuel wagering require that, in order to simulcast races, we have certain agreements with the horse owners and trainers at our West Virginia and Pennsylvania racetracks. In addition, West Virginia requires applicants seeking to renew their gaming license to demonstrate they have an agreement regarding the proceeds of the gaming machines with a representative of a majority of (i) the horse owners and trainers, (ii) the pari-mutuel clerks, and (iii) the horse breeders.
In jurisdictions where we operate pari-mutuel wagering, if we fail to present evidence of an agreement with the horsemen at a track, we may not be permitted to conduct live racing and to export and import simulcasting at that track and OTWs and, in West Virginia, our video lottery license may not be renewed. In addition, our annual simulcast export agreements are subject to the horsemen’s approval under the Federal Interstate Horseracing Act of 1978, as amended. Some simulcast import agreements require horsemen approval depending on state law. If we fail to renew or modify existing agreements on satisfactory terms, this failure could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Risks Related to our Investment in Barstool Sports
We may be unable to realize the anticipated benefits and financial returns of our investment in Barstool Sports.
We may not be able to achieve the expected benefits or financial returns of our investment in Barstool Sports due to fees, costs, taxes, delays or disruptions in connection with our roll out of our online and retail sportsbooks and iCasino products. In addition, there can be no assurance that the Barstool Sports audience will engage in sports betting and iCasino products to the extent that we expect. If additional states do not legalize sports betting, or legalize sports betting with unreasonable tax rates or license fees, this would affect our ability to expand our sports betting operations. Any of the factors above could prevent us from receiving the expected returns of our investment in Barstool Sports, cause the market price of our common stock to decline, and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our investment in and partnership with Barstool Sports may result in potential adverse reactions or changes to our business or regulatory relationships.
Our relationships with state gaming regulators and business partners could be adversely affected as a result of our affiliation with Barstool Sports. Gaming regulators may not have extensive experience in the digital media industry, which may present unique challenges in regulating our business. In addition, our business partners may react negatively to actual or perceived competitive threats from our affiliation with Barstool Sports.
The success of the Barstool Sports business depends on its ability to attract and retain qualified personnel.
Barstool Sports is dependent upon its ability to attract and retain senior management and key personnel, including content creators, bloggers and marketing personnel. It may be increasingly difficult to attract and retain such personnel after the consummation of the pending transaction. A shortage in the availability of the requisite qualified personnel would limit the
ability of Barstool Sports to grow, to increase sales, and promote our products and services, including retail and online casinos and sportsbooks.
Risks Related to Our Indebtedness and Capital Structure
Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations under our outstanding indebtedness.
As of December 31, 2019, we had indebtedness of $2,419.0 million, including $140.0 million outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and $1,789.8 million in outstanding term loans. In addition, we are required to make significant annual lease payments to our REIT Landlords pursuant to the Triple Net Leases, which we currently expect will be between approximately $901 million and $905 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.
We have a substantial amount of indebtedness and significant fixed annual lease payments under the Triple Net Leases. Our substantial indebtedness and additional fixed costs under our Lease obligations could have important consequences to our financial health. For example, it could:
make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness;
limit our ability to participate in multiple or large development projects, including mergers and acquisitions, absent additional third party financing;
increase our vulnerability to general or regional adverse economic and industry conditions or a downturn in our business;
require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to satisfy our financing obligation and debt service, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes;
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;
place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that are not as highly leveraged;
limit, along with the financial and other restrictive covenants in our indebtedness, among other things, our ability to borrow additional funds; and
result in an event of default if we fail to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness or fail to comply with the financial and other restrictive covenants contained in our debt instruments, which event of default could result in all of our debt becoming immediately due and payable and could permit certain of our lenders to foreclose on any of our assets securing such debt.
In addition, the interest rates of our Senior Secured Credit Facilities are tied to the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR. In July 2017, the head of the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority announced the desire to phase out the use of LIBOR by the end of 2021 (“FCA Announcement”). The FCA Announcement indicates that the continuation of LIBOR on the current basis is not guaranteed after 2021, which may impact our Revolving Credit Facility. It is not possible to predict the effect the FCA Announcement, any discontinuation, modification or other reforms to LIBOR or the establishment of alternative reference rates may have on us, but could include an increase in the cost of our variable rate indebtedness. We continue to monitor developments related to the LIBOR transition and/or identification of an alternative, market-accepted rate.
Any of the above listed factors could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The terms of our debt do not, and any future debt may not, fully prohibit us from incurring additional debt, including debt related to properties we develop or acquire. If new debt is added to our current debt levels, the related risks that we now face could intensify.
Volatility and disruption of the capital and credit markets and adverse changes in the global economy may negatively impact our revenues and our ability to access favorable financing terms.
While we intend to finance expansion and renovation projects with existing cash, cash flow from operations and borrowings under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities, we may require additional financing to support our continued growth. However, depending on then-current economic or capital market conditions, our access to capital may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. Further, if adverse regional and national economic conditions persist or worsen, we could experience decreased revenues from our operations attributable to decreases in consumer spending levels and could fail to satisfy the financial and other restrictive covenants to which we are subject under our existing indebtedness.
The availability and cost of financing could have an adverse effect on business.
We intend to finance some of our current and future expansion, development and renovation projects and acquisitions with cash flow from operations, borrowings under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities and equity or debt financings. We are required by the Triple Net Leases, in the case of certain expansion projects, or may choose, in the case of other development projects, to provide GLPI or VICI with the right to finance such projects. Depending on the state of the credit markets, if we are unable to finance our current or future projects, we could have to seek alternative financing, such as through selling assets, restructuring debt, increasing our reliance on equity financing or seeking additional joint venture partners. Depending on credit market conditions, alternative sources of funds may not be sufficient to finance our expansion, development and/or renovation, or such other financing may not be available on acceptable terms, in a timely manner or at all. In addition, our existing indebtedness contains restrictions on our ability to incur additional indebtedness. If we are unable to secure additional financing, we could be forced to limit or suspend expansion, development and renovation projects and acquisitions, which may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
The capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility, which expires in 2023, is $700.0 million. If a large percentage of our lenders were to file for bankruptcy or otherwise default on their obligations to us, we could experience decreased levels of liquidity which could have a detrimental impact on our operations. There is no certainty that our lenders will continue to remain solvent or fund their respective obligations under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities.
Our indebtedness imposes restrictive covenants on us that could limit our operations and lead to events of default if we do not comply with those covenants.
Our Senior Secured Credit Facilities require us, among other obligations, to maintain specified financial ratios and to satisfy certain financial tests, including interest coverage, senior secured net leverage and total net leverage ratios. In addition, our Senior Secured Credit Facilities restrict, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, repay certain other indebtedness or amend debt instruments, pay dividends, create liens on our assets, make investments, make acquisitions, engage in mergers or consolidations, engage in certain transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates or otherwise restrict corporate activities. In addition, the indenture governing our senior unsecured notes restricts, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness (excluding certain indebtedness under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities), issue certain preferred stock, pay dividends or distributions on our capital stock or repurchase our capital stock, make certain investments, create liens on our assets to secure certain debt, enter into transactions with affiliates, merge or consolidate with another company, transfer and sell assets and designate our subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries. A failure to comply with the restrictions contained in the documentation governing any of our indebtedness, termination of the Triple Net Leases (subject to certain exceptions) or the occurrence of certain defaults under the Triple Net Leases could lead to an event of default thereunder that could result in an acceleration of such indebtedness. Such acceleration would likely constitute an event of default under our other indebtedness, which could result in all of our debt becoming immediately due and payable and could permit certain of our lenders to foreclose on any of our assets securing such debt.
To service our indebtedness, we will require a significant amount of cash, which depends on many factors beyond our control.
We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities in amounts sufficient to enable us to fund our liquidity needs, including with respect to our indebtedness. We also may incur indebtedness related to properties we develop or acquire in the future prior to generating cash flow from those properties. If those properties do not provide us with cash flow to service that indebtedness, we will need to rely on cash flow from our other properties, which would increase our leverage. In addition, if we consummate significant acquisitions in the future, our cash requirements may increase significantly. As we are required to satisfy amortization requirements under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities or as other debt matures, we may also need to raise funds to refinance all or a portion of our debt. We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our debt, including our Senior Secured Credit Facilities, on attractive terms, commercially reasonable terms or at all. Our future operating performance and our ability to service, extend or refinance our debt will be subject to future economic conditions and to financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.
Risks Related to the Spin-Off
If the Spin-Off, together with certain related transactions, does not qualify as a transaction that is generally tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we could be subject to significant tax liabilities.
We received a private letter ruling (the “IRS Ruling”) from the IRS substantially to the effect that, among other things, the Spin-Off, together with certain related transactions, will qualify as a transaction that is generally tax-free for U.S. federal
income tax purposes under Sections 355 and/or 368(a)(1)(D) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). The IRS Ruling does not address certain requirements for tax-free treatment of the Spin-Off under Section 355, and we received from our tax advisors a tax opinion substantially to the effect that, with respect to such requirements on which the IRS will not rule, such requirements will be satisfied. The IRS Ruling, and the tax opinions that we received from our tax advisors, relied on and will rely on, among other things, certain representations, assumptions and undertakings, including those relating to the past and future conduct of GLPI’s business, and the IRS Ruling and the opinions would not be valid if such representations, assumptions and undertakings were incorrect in any material respect.
Notwithstanding the IRS Ruling and the tax opinions, the IRS could determine the Spin‑OffSpin-Off should be treated as a taxable transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes if it determines any of the representations, assumptions or undertakings that were included in the request for the IRS Ruling are false or have been violated or if it disagrees with the conclusions in the opinions that are not covered by the IRS Ruling.
If the Spin-Off fails to qualify for tax-free treatment, in general, we would be subject to tax as if we had sold the GLPI common stock in a taxable sale for its fair market value.
Under the tax matters agreement that GLPI entered into with us, GLPI generally is required to indemnify us against any tax resulting from the Spin-Off to the extent that such tax resulted from (1) an acquisition of all or a portion of the equity securities or assets of GLPI, whether by merger or otherwise, (2) other actions or failures to act by GLPI, or (3) any of GLPI’s representations or undertakings being incorrect or violated. GLPI’s indemnification obligations to Penn and its subsidiaries, officers and directors will not be limited by any maximum amount. If GLPI is required to indemnify Penn or such other persons under the circumstance set forth in the tax matters agreement, GLPI may be subject to substantial liabilities and there can be no assurance that GLPI will be able to satisfy such indemnification obligations.
On September 27, 2017, the Internal Revenue ServiceIRS finalized the audit examination of the 2013 U.S. federal income tax return with no adjustments related to the Spin-offSpin-Off including the tax-free treatment. Although the 2013 examination is finalized, the statute of limitation was extended to June 30, 2018.
Peter M. Carlino, our Chairman, and David A. Handler, one of our directors, may have actual or potential conflicts of interest because of their positions at GLPI.
Peter M. Carlino serves as our Chairman and as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of GLPI. In addition, David A. Handler, one of our directors, is also a director of GLPI. While we have procedures in place to address such situations, these overlapping positions could create, or appear to create, potential conflicts of interest when our or GLPI’s management and directors pursue the same corporate opportunities, such as greenfield development opportunities or potential acquisition targets, or face decisions that could have different implications for us and GLPI. Further, potential conflicts of interest could arise in connection with the resolution of any dispute between us and GLPI (or its subsidiaries) regarding the terms of the agreements governing the separation and the relationship, between us and GLPI, such as under the Leases with GLPI. Potential conflicts of interest could also arise if we and GLPI enter into any commercial or other adverse arrangements with each other in the future.
In connection with the Spin-Off, GLPI agreed to indemnify us for certain liabilities. However, there can be no assurance that these indemnities will be sufficient to insure us against the full amount of such liabilities, or that GLPI’s ability to satisfy its indemnification obligation will not be impaired in the future.
Pursuant to the separation and distribution agreement, GLPI has agreed to indemnify us for certain liabilities. However, third parties could seek to hold us responsible for any of the liabilities that GLPI agreed to retain, and there can be no assurance that GLPI will be able to fully satisfy its indemnification obligations. Moreover, even if we ultimately succeed in recovering from GLPI any amounts for which we are held liable, we may be temporarily required to bear these losses while seeking recovery from GLPI.
A court could deem the distribution in the Spin-Off to be a fraudulent conveyance and void the transaction or impose substantial liabilities upon us.
If the transaction is challenged by a third party,third-party, a court could deem the distribution of GLPI common shares or certain internal restructuring transactions undertaken by us in connection with the Spin‑OffSpin-Off to be a fraudulent conveyance or transfer. Fraudulent conveyances or transfers are defined to include transfers made or obligations incurred with the actual intent to hinder, delay or defraud current or future creditors or transfers made or obligations incurred for less than reasonably equivalent value when the debtor was insolvent, or that rendered the debtor insolvent, inadequately capitalized or unable to pay its debts as they become due. In such circumstances, a court could void the transactions or impose substantial liabilities upon us, which could adversely affect our financial condition and our results of operations. Among other things, the court could require our shareholders to return to us some or all of the shares of our common stock issued in the distribution or require us to fund liabilities of other companies involved in the restructuring transactions for the benefit of creditors. Whether a transaction is a fraudulent conveyance or transfer will vary depending upon the laws of the applicable jurisdiction.
If we and GLPI are treated by the IRS as being under common control, both we and GLPI could experience adverse tax consequences.
If we and GLPI are treated by the IRS as being under common control, the IRS will be authorized to reallocate income and deductions between us and GLPI to reflect arm’s length terms. If the IRS were to successfully establish that rents paid by us to GLPI are excessive, (1) we would be (i) denied a deduction for the excessive portion and (2) we would be(ii) subject to a penalty on the portion deemed excessive, each of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position orcondition, results of operations. In addition,operations and cash flows. Also, our shareholders would be deemed to have received a distribution that was then contributed to the capital of GLPI.
Risks Related to the Acquisition of Pinnacle
We may be unable to integrate the business of Pinnacle into our business successfully or realize the anticipated benefits of the Pinnacle transaction.
We entered into the merger agreement with Pinnacle with the expectation that the transaction will result in various benefits for the combined company, including, among others, synergies resulting from cost savings and operating efficiencies. Achieving the anticipated benefits of the transaction is subject to a number of uncertainties, including whether the respective businesses and assets of both companies can be integrated in an efficient and effective manner. We will be required to devote significant management attention and resources to integrating the business practices and operations of Pinnacle with our operations. Potential difficulties we may encounter as part of the integration process include the following:
the inability to successfully combine the business of Pinnacle with our business in a manner that permits the parties to achieve the full revenue, cost synergies and other benefits anticipated to result from the transaction;
complexities associated with managing the combined businesses, including possible differences in corporate cultures and management philosophies and the challenge of integrating complex systems, technology, networks and other
assets of each of the companies in a seamless manner that minimizes any adverse impact on customers, suppliers, employees and other constituencies; and
potential unknown liabilities and unforeseen increased expenses or delays associated with the integration of Pinnacle’s business with our business.
Even if we are able to integrate Pinnacle’s businesses successfully, this integration may not result in the realization of the full benefits of the growth opportunities and cost synergies that we currently expect from this integration or that these benefits will be achieved within the anticipated timeframe or at all. For example, we may not be able to eliminate duplicative costs. Moreover, we may incur substantial expenses in connection with the integration of Pinnacle’s businesses. While we anticipate that certain expenses will be incurred, such expenses are difficult to estimate accurately, and may exceed current estimates. Accordingly, the benefits from the transaction may be offset by costs incurred or delays in integrating the businesses. Failure to achieve these anticipated benefits could result in increased costs or decreases in the amount of expected revenues and could adversely affect the combined company’s future business, financial condition, operating results and prospects.
Our future results could suffer if we cannot effectively manage the expanded operations following the transaction.
The size of the combined business is significantly larger than the size of either the Penn business or the Pinnacle business prior to the closing of the transaction. Our future success depends, in part, upon our ability to manage this expanded business, which will pose substantial challenges for management, including challenges related to the management and monitoring of new operations and associated increased costs and complexity. There can be no assurance that we will be successful or that we will realize any operating efficiencies, cost savings, revenue enhancements or other benefits currently anticipated from the Pinnacle transaction.
Risks Related to Our Capital Structure
Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations under our outstanding indebtedness.
As of December 31, 2018, we had indebtedness of $2.45 billion, including $112.0 million outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility and $1.8 billion in outstanding term loans. In addition, we are required to make significant annual lease payments to GLPI which increased upon the closing of the Pinnacle Acquisition by approximately $355 million to approximately $817 million. Beginning January 1, 2019, we are required to make $23.2 million in initial annual lease payments to VICI pursuant to the Margaritaville Lease. Additionally, upon closing of the Greektown acquisition, we will pay VICI an initial annual rent amount of $55.6 million.
We have a substantial amount of indebtedness and a significant fixed annual lease payments under the Leases. Our substantial indebtedness and additional fixed costs under our Lease obligations could have important consequences to our financial health. For example, it could:
make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness;
limit our ability to participate in multiple or large development projects, including mergers and acquisitions, absent additional third party financing;
increase our vulnerability to general or regional adverse economic and industry conditions or a downturn in our business;
require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to satisfy our financing obligation and debt service, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes;
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;
place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that are not as highly leveraged;
limit, along with the financial and other restrictive covenants in our indebtedness, among other things, our ability to borrow additional funds; and
result in an event of default if we fail to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness or fail to comply with the financial and other restrictive covenants contained in our debt instruments, which event of default could result in all of
our debt becoming immediately due and payable and could permit certain of our lenders to foreclose on any of our assets securing such debt.
Any of the above listed factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The terms of our debt do not, and any future debt may not, fully prohibit us from incurring additional debt, including debt related to facilities we develop or acquire. If new debt is added to our current debt levels, the related risks that we now face could intensify.
Volatility and disruption of the capital and credit markets and adverse changes in the global economy may negatively impact our revenues and our ability to access favorable financing terms.
While we intend to finance expansion and renovation projects with existing cash, cash flow from operations and borrowings under our senior secured credit facility, we may require additional financing to support our continued growth. However, depending on then current economic or capital market conditions, our access to capital may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. Further, if adverse regional and national economic conditions persist or worsen, we could experience decreased revenues from our operations attributable to decreases in consumer spending levels and could fail to satisfy the financial and other restrictive covenants to which we are subject under our existing indebtedness. Finally, our borrowing costs under our senior secured credit facility are tied to LIBOR. We currently have no hedges in place to mitigate the impact of higher LIBOR rates and as such significant increases in LIBOR could have a negative impact on our results of operations.
The availability and cost of financing could have an adverse effect on business.
We intend to finance some of our current and future expansion, development and renovation projects and acquisitions with cash flow from operations, borrowings under our senior secured credit facility and equity or debt financings. We are required by the Leases to, in the case of certain expansion projects, or may choose, in the case of other development projects, provide GLPI or VICI with the right to provide the financing needed for such purposes. Depending on the state of the credit markets, if we are unable to finance our current or future projects, we could have to seek alternative financing, such as through selling assets, restructuring debt, increasing our reliance on equity financing or seeking additional joint venture partners. Depending on credit market conditions, alternative sources of funds may not be sufficient to finance our expansion, development and/or renovation, or such other financing may not be available on acceptable terms, in a timely manner or at all. In addition, our existing indebtedness contains restrictions on our ability to incur additional indebtedness. If we are unable to secure additional financing, we could be forced to limit or suspend expansion, development and renovation projects and acquisitions, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The capacity under our revolving credit facility, which expires in 2023, is $700 million. If a large percentage of our lenders were to file for bankruptcy or otherwise default on their obligations to us, we could experience decreased levels of liquidity which could have a detrimental impact on our operations. There is no certainty that our lenders will continue to remain solvent or fund their respective obligations under our senior secured credit facility.
Our indebtedness imposes restrictive covenants on us that could limit our operations and lead to events of default if we do not comply with those covenants.
Our senior secured credit facility requires us, among other obligations, to maintain specified financial ratios and to satisfy certain financial tests, including interest coverage, senior secured net leverage and total net leverage ratios. In addition, our credit facility restricts, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, repay certain other indebtedness or amend debt instruments, pay dividends, create liens on our assets, make investments, make acquisitions, engage in mergers or consolidations, engage in certain transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates or otherwise restrict corporate activities. In addition, the indenture governing our senior unsecured notes restricts, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness (excluding certain indebtedness under our credit facility), issue certain preferred stock, pay dividends or distributions on our capital stock or repurchase our capital stock, make certain investments, create liens on our assets to secure certain debt, enter into transactions with affiliates, merge or consolidate with another company, transfer and sell assets and designate our subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries. A failure to comply with the restrictions contained in the documentation governing any of our indebtedness, termination of the Leases (subject to certain exceptions) or the occurrence of certain defaults under the Leases could lead to an event of default thereunder that could result in an acceleration of such indebtedness. Such acceleration would likely constitute an event of default under our other indebtedness, which event of default could result in all of our debt becoming immediately due and payable and could permit certain of our lenders to foreclose on any of our assets securing such debt.
To service our indebtedness, we will require a significant amount of cash, which depends on many factors beyond our control.
We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us under our senior secured credit facility in amounts sufficient to enable us to fund our liquidity needs, including with respect to our indebtedness. We also may incur indebtedness related to facilities we develop or acquire in the future prior to generating cash flow from those facilities. If those facilities do not provide us with cash flow to service that indebtedness, we will need to rely on cash flow from our other properties, which would increase our leverage. In addition, if we consummate significant acquisitions in the future, our cash requirements may increase significantly. As we are required to satisfy amortization requirements under our senior secured credit facility or as other debt matures, we may also need to raise funds to refinance all or a portion of our debt. We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our debt, including our senior secured credit facility, on attractive terms, commercially reasonable terms or at all. Our future operating performance and our ability to service, extend or refinance our debt will be subject to future economic conditions and to financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.
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| ITEM 1B. | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
None.
As detailed in Item 1. Business, “Operating Properties,” the majority of our facilities are subject to leases of the underlying real estate assets, which, among other things, includes the land underlying the facility and the buildings used in the operations of the casino and the hotel.hotel, if applicable. The following describes the principal real estate associated with our facilitiesproperties by reportable segment as of December 31, 2018 as well as Margaritaville Resort Casino, which we acquired on January 1, 2019 (all area metrics are approximate): Northeast Segment
Ameristar East Chicago. We lease 22 acres of land in East Chicago, Indiana, used in the operations of Ameristar East Chicago as well as the casino vessel, hotel and other improvements on the site.
Hollywood Casino Bangor. We lease the land on which the Hollywood Casino Bangor facility is located in Bangor, Maine, which consists of nine acres, and includes a hotel and four-story parking. In addition, we lease 35 acres located at historic Bass Park, which is adjacent to the facility and includes a one-half mile standardbred racetrack with a 12,000 square foot grandstand capable of seating 3,500 patrons.
Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races. We lease 300 acres on various parcels in Charles Town and Ranson, West Virginia, of which 155 acres comprise Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races. The facility includes a hotel, a 3/4-mile all-weather lighted thoroughbred racetrack, a training track, two parking garages, an employee parking lot, an enclosed grandstand/clubhouse, and housing facilities for over 1,300 horses.
Hollywood Casino Columbus. We lease 116 acres of land in Columbus, Ohio, where we operate Hollywood Casino Columbus. The property includes the casino as well as structured and surface parking, which are also leased.
Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg. We lease 53 acres in Lawrenceburg, Indiana, a portion of which serves as the dockside embarkation for the gaming vessel, and includes a Hollywood-themed casino riverboat, an entertainment pavilion, a hotel, two parking garages and an adjacent surface lot. In addition, we lease 52 acres on Route 50 used for remote parking. Effective January 2015, we own and operate a hotel and event center located less than a mile away from our Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg property, which includes 168 rooms, 18,000 square feet of multi-purpose space and 19,500 square feet of ballroom and meeting space.
Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course. We lease 574 acres in Grantville, Pennsylvania, where Penn National Race Course is located on 181 acres. The facility includes a one-mile all-weather lighted thoroughbred racetrack and a 7/8-mile turf track, a parking garage and surface parking spaces. The property also includes 393 acres surrounding Penn National Race Course that are available for future expansion or development.
Hollywood Casino Toledo. We lease 44 acres in Toledo, Ohio, where we operate Hollywood Casino Toledo. The property includes the casino as well as structured and surface parking, which are also leased.
Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway. We lease 120 acres on the site of an abandoned Delphi Automotive plant in Dayton, Ohio, where we relocated Raceway Park and opened a new gaming facility on August 28, 2014. The facility includes a 5/8-mile standardbred racetrack and surface parking.
Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course. We lease 193 acres in Austintown, Ohio, where we relocated Beulah Park and opened a new gaming facility in September 2014. The facility includes a one-mile thoroughbred racetrack and surface parking.
Meadows Racetrack and Casino. We lease the real estate used in the operations of Meadows Racetrack and Casino, located on 153 acres of land approximately 25 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. We also lease the off-track wagering facility in Pittsburgh.
Plainridge Park Casino. We lease the 90-acre site in Plainville, Massachusetts, where we opened Plainridge Park Casino in June 2015. The property includes the casino as well as structured and surface parking. The facility also includes a 5/8-mile live harness racing track and a two-story clubhouse.
South Segment
1st Jackpot Casino. We lease 94 acres of land and own 53 acres of wetlands in Tunica, Mississippi. The property includes the casino, surface parking and other land-based facilities.
Ameristar Vicksburg. Ameristar Vicksburg is located on a total of 74 acres of land in Vicksburg, Mississippi, on either side of Washington Street near Interstate 20. In addition to the gaming and hotel facilities, we operate a recreational vehicle park and utilize buildings for warehousing and support services also located on these parcels. We lease the real estate assets at this location.
Boomtown Biloxi. We lease 20 acres in Biloxi, Mississippi, most of which is utilized for the gaming location. We also lease 5 acres of submerged tidelands at the casino site from the State of Mississippi and one acre of land utilized mostly for the daiquiri bar area and welcome center.
Boomtown Bossier City. Boomtown Bossier City is located on 23 acres in Bossier City, Louisiana on the banks of the Red River. We lease the real estate at this site, including the dockside riverboat casino, under the terms of the Pinnacle Master Lease and lease one acre of water bottoms.
Boomtown New Orleans. Boomtown New Orleans is located in Harvey, Louisiana on 54 acres. The land, facilities, and associated improvements at the property, including the dockside riverboat casino and hotel, are leased.
Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast. We lease 580 acres in the city of Bay St. Louis, Mississippi. The property includes a land-based casino, an 18-hole golf course, a hotel, a 20-slip marina, a 100-space recreational vehicle park and other facilities.
Hollywood Casino Tunica. We lease 68 acres of land in Tunica, Mississippi. The property includes a single-level casino, a hotel, surface parking and other land-based facilities.
L’Auberge Baton Rouge. L’Auberge Baton Rouge is located approximately 10 miles south of downtown Baton Rouge, Louisiana. We lease the real estate assets of L’Auberge Baton Rouge, including 99 acres and the casino facility. Additionally, we own 478 acres of excess land adjacent to L’Auberge Baton Rouge, which is available for future expansion and development.
L’Auberge Lake Charles. L’Auberge Lake Charles is located in Lake Charles, Louisiana, approximately 140 miles from Houston and approximately 300 miles and 335 miles from Austin, Texas and San Antonio, Texas, respectively. We lease 235 acres of land; upon which the L’Auberge Lake Charles property is located; the casino facility; and other real estate improvements. Additionally, we own 54 acres of excess land surrounding the site, which is available for future expansion and development.
Margaritaville Resort Casino. Margaritaville Resort Casino is located in Bossier City, Louisiana on 34 acres of land. Effective January 1, 2019, we lease the land and building used in the operations of the property.
Resorts Casino Tunica. We lease 87 acres of land in Tunica, Mississippi. The property includes the casino, a hotel, surface parking and other land-based facilities.
West Segment
Ameristar Black Hawk. Ameristar Black Hawk is located on a six-acre site on the north side of Colorado Highway 119 in Black Hawk, Colorado. We lease the real estate of Ameristar Black Hawk, including the land underlying the casino facility, and other property in the vicinity, including 100 acres of largely hillside land across Richman Street from the casino site, portions of which are used for overflow parking, administrative offices and other operational uses.
Cactus Petes and Horseshu. Cactus Petes and Horseshu are located in Jackpot, Nevada, across from each other on either side of U.S. Highway 93. We lease the real estate at both locations and other property in the vicinity, which includes 34 acres for Cactus Petes, 20 acres for Horseshu, and 26 acres for a service station and 288 housing units that support the primary operations of the Jackpot Properties.
M Resort. We lease 84 acres on the southeast corner of Las Vegas Boulevard and St. Rose Parkway in Henderson, Nevada, where M Resort is located. The M Resort property includes a hotel, a 4,700 space parking facility, and other facilities. We also lease four acres of land which is part of the property.
Zia Park Casino. Our casino adjoins the racetrack and is located on 317 acres that we lease in Hobbs, New Mexico. The property includes a one-mile quarter/thoroughbred racetrack. In August 2014, we opened a new hotel, a business center, exercise/fitness facilities and a breakfast venue.
Tropicana Las Vegas. We own 35 acres on the strip of Las Vegas, Nevada. In addition, we own the casino facility as well as the hotel and structured and surface parking.
Midwest Segment
Ameristar Council Bluffs. Ameristar Council Bluffs is located on 58 acres along the east bank of the Missouri River in Council Bluffs, Iowa. We lease the real estate at this site under the terms of the Pinnacle Master Lease. We sublease one acre of the site to a third party for the operation of a 188-room limited service Holiday Inn Suites Hotel and a 96-room Hampton Inn Hotel.
Argosy Casino Alton. We lease four acres in Alton, Illinois, a portion of which serves as the dockside boarding for the Alton Belle II, a riverboat casino. The dockside facility includes an entertainment pavilion and office space, as well as surface parking areas.
Argosy Casino Riverside. We lease 38 acres in Riverside, Missouri, which includes a barge-based casino, a luxury hotel, an entertainment/banquet facility and a parking garage. We also lease seven acres which is primarily used for overflow parking.
Hollywood Casino Aurora. We lease a dockside barge structure and land-based pavilion in Aurora, Illinois. We lease the half-acre of land on which the pavilion is located. We also lease the rights to a pedestrian walkway bridge and two parking garages, together comprising 2 acres.
Hollywood Casino Joliet. We lease 276 acres in Joliet, Illinois, which includes a barge-based casino, land-based pavilion, a hotel, structured and surface parking areas and a recreational vehicle park.
Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway. We own a 50% interest in the entity that owns the 101 acres of land and building used in the operations of Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway, which sits on turn two of Kansas Speedway.
Hollywood Casino St. Louis. We lease 248 acres along the Missouri River in Maryland Heights, Missouri, which includes a hotel and structured and surface parking.
Prairie State Gaming. Prairie State Gaming’s operations include 1,876 VGTs across a network of 403 bar and/or retail gaming establishments in seven distinct geographic areas throughout Illinois.
River City Casino: We lease the real estate assets used in the operations of River City Casino. The River City Casino site is located on 56 acres in south St. Louis County, approximately 12 miles south of downtown St. Louis.
Other
Freehold Raceway. Through our joint venture in Pennwood, we own a 51-acre site in Freehold, New Jersey, where Freehold Raceway is located. The property features a half-mile standardbred racetrack and a grandstand. In addition, through our joint venture in Pennwood, we own a 10-acre site in Cherry Hill, New Jersey, which is currently undeveloped.
Retama Park Racetrack. We have a management contract with RDC to manage the day-to-day operations of Retama Park Racetrack. PRP owns 28 acres of land located adjacent to, but not used in the operations of Retama Park Racetrack.
Sam Houston Race Park and Valley Race Park. Through our joint venture with MAXXAM, we own 168 acres at Sam Houston Race Park and 71 acres at Valley Race Park. Sam Houston Race Park includes a one-mile dirt track and a 7/8-mile turf track as well as a 226,000 square foot grandstand and pavilion center. Valley Race Park features 91,000 of property square footage as a dog racing and simulcasting facility located in Harlingen, Texas.
Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club. We own 26 acres in Longwood, Florida, where Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club is located. The property includes a1/4-mile racing surface, a clubhouse dining facility and a main grandstand building. Kennel facilities for up to 1,300 greyhounds are located at a leased location approximately 1/2-mile from the racetrack enclosure.
Off-track Wagering Facilities. The following is a list of our three OTWs and their locations: |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Location | | Description of Owned Real Property | | Acreage of Land | | Description of Leased Real Property | | Acreage of Land |
| Northeast segment | | | | | | | | | |
| Ameristar East Chicago | East Chicago, IN | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, boat | | 22 |
| Greektown Casino-Hotel | Detroit, MI | | — | | — | | Land, buildings | | 8 |
| Hollywood Casino Bangor | Bangor, ME | | — | | — | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 44 |
| Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races | Charles Town and Ranson, WV | | — | | — | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 299 |
| Hollywood Casino Columbus | Columbus, OH | | — | | — | | Land, buildings | | 116 |
| Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg | Lawrenceburg, IN | | Land, buildings | | 3 | | Land, buildings, boat | | 105 |
| Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course | Grantville, PA | | — | | — | | Land (1), racetrack, buildings | | 574 |
| Hollywood Casino Toledo | Toledo, OH | | — | | — | | Land, buildings | | 42 |
| Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway | Dayton, OH | | — | | — | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 120 |
| Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course | Youngstown, OH | | — | | — | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 193 |
| Meadows Racetrack and Casino | Washington, PA | | — | | — | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 156 |
| Plainridge Park Casino | Plainville, MA | | — | | — | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 88 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| South segment | | | | | | | | | |
1st Jackpot Casino | Tunica, MS | | — | | — | | Land (2), buildings, boat | | 147 |
| Ameristar Vicksburg | Vicksburg, MS | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, boat | | 74 |
| Boomtown Biloxi | Biloxi, MS | | — | | — | | Land (3), buildings, boat | | 26 |
| Boomtown Bossier City | Bossier City, LA | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, boat | | 22 |
| Boomtown New Orleans | New Orleans, LA | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, boat | | 54 |
| Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast | Bay St. Louis, MS | | — | | — | | Land, buildings | | 579 |
| Hollywood Casino Tunica | Tunica, MS | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, boat | | 68 |
| L’Auberge Baton Rouge | Baton Rouge, LA | | Undeveloped land | | 478 | | Land, buildings, barge | | 99 |
| L’Auberge Lake Charles | Lake Charles, LA | | Undeveloped land | | 54 | | Land, buildings, barge | | 235 |
| Margaritaville Resort Casino | Bossier City, LA | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, barge | | 34 |
Resorts Casino Tunica (4) | Tunica, MS | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, boat | | 87 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| West segment | | | | | | | | | |
| Ameristar Black Hawk | Black Hawk, CO | | — | | — | | Land, buildings | | 104 |
| Cactus Petes and Horseshu | Jackpot, NV | | — | | — | | Land, buildings | | 80 |
| M Resort | Henderson, NV | | — | | — | | Land, buildings | | 84 |
| Tropicana Las Vegas | Las Vegas, NV | | Land, buildings | | 35 | | — | | — |
| Zia Park Casino | Hobbs, NM | | — | | — | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 317 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Midwest segment | | | | | | | | | |
| Ameristar Council Bluffs | Council Bluffs, IA | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, boat | | 59 |
| Argosy Casino Alton | Alton, IL | | Boat | | — | | Land, buildings | | 4 |
| Argosy Casino Riverside | Riverside, MO | | — | | — | | Land (5), buildings, barge | | 45 |
| Hollywood Casino Aurora | Aurora, IL | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, barge | | 2 |
| Hollywood Casino Joliet | Joliet, IL | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, barge | | 276 |
| Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway | Kansas City, KS | | Land, buildings | | 101 | | — | | — |
| Hollywood Casino St. Louis | Maryland Heights, MO | | — | | — | | Land, buildings, barge | | 221 |
| River City Casino | St. Louis, MO | | — | | — | | Land (6), buildings, barge | | 83 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Other | | | | | | | | | |
| Freehold Raceway | Freehold, NJ | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 51 | | — | | — |
| | Cherry Hill, NJ | | Undeveloped land | | 10 | | — | | — |
Retama Park Racetrack (7) | Selma, TX | | Undeveloped land | | 28 | | — | | — |
| Sam Houston Race Park | Houston, TX | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 168 | | — | | — |
| Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club | Longwood, FL | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 26 | | — | | — |
| Valley Race Park | Harlingen, TX | | Land, racetrack, buildings | | 71 | | — | | — |
| | | | | | 1,025 | | | | 4,467 |
|
| | | | | | |
Location(1) | Of which, 393 acres is undeveloped land surrounding Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course |
| Size (Square Ft.) | | Owned/Leased | | Date Opened |
York, PA(2) | Of which, 53 acres is wetlands. |
| 25,590 | | Leased | | March 1995 |
Lancaster, PA(3) | Of which, 3 acres is subject to the Penn Master Lease. |
| 24,000 | | Leased | | July 1996 |
Clementon, NJ(4) | | 15,000 | | Leased | | July 2014Resorts Casino Tunica ceased operations on June 30, 2019, but remains subject to the Penn Master Lease. |
| |
| (5) | Of which, 38 acres is subject to the Penn Master Lease. |
| |
| (6) | Of which, 24 acres is land surrounding River City Casino reserved for community and recreational facilities. |
| |
| (7) | The land, racetrack, and buildings used in the operations of Retama Park Racetrack are owned by the City of Selma, Texas. We own undeveloped land adjacent to the Retama Park Racetrack. |
In addition, through our joint venture in Pennwood, we own 50% of a leased OTW in Toms River, New Jersey, that has 28,160 square feet.
Corporate and Service Center.We lease office and warehouse space in various locations outside of our operating properties, including 52,116 square
feet of executive office and warehouse space for buildings in Wyomissing, Pennsylvania, andPennsylvania; 86,542 square feet of office space for our officesshared services center in Las Vegas, Nevada.
Penn Interactive Ventures. We leaseNevada; 7,787 square feet of executive office space in Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, 10,463 square feet of executive office space in San Francisco, California, andPennsylvania; 5,740 square feet of executive office space in Henderson, Nevada.Nevada; and approximately 1,000 square feet of office space in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
The Company is subject to various legal and administrative proceedings relating to personal injuries, employment matters, commercial transactions, development agreements and other matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Although the Company maintains what it believes to be adequate insurance coverage to mitigate the risk of loss pertaining to covered matters, legal and administrative proceedings can be costly, time-consuming and unpredictable. The Company does not believe that the final outcome of these matters will have a material adverse effect on its consolidatedresults of operations, financial position or cash flows or results of operations. In addition, the Company maintains what it believes is adequate insurance coverage to further mitigate the risks of such proceedings. However, such proceedings can be costly, time consuming, and unpredictable; therefore, no assurance can be given that the final outcome of such proceedings may not materially impact the Company’s consolidated financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. Further, no assurance can be given that the amount or scope of existing insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover losses arising from such matters.flows.
Legal proceedings could result in costs, settlements, damages or rulings that materially impact the Company’s consolidated financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. The Company believes that it has meritorious defenses, claims and/or counter claims with respect to these proceedings and intends to vigorously defend itself or pursue its claims.
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| ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES |
Not applicable.
PART II
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| ITEM 5. | MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
Ticker Symbol and Holders of Record
Our common stock is quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “PENN.” As of February 19, 2019,21, 2020, there were 1,7831,756 holders of record of our common stock.
Dividends
Since our initial public offering of common stock in May 1994, we have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We intend to retain all of our earnings to finance the development of our business, and thus, do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future. Payment of any cash dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon, among other things, our future earnings, operations and capital requirements, our general financial condition and general business conditions. In addition, our senior secured credit facilitySenior Secured Credit Facilities and senior notes restrict, among other things, our ability to pay dividends. Future financing arrangements may also prohibit the payment of dividends under certain conditions.
Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities
During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, weWe did not issue or sell any unregistered equity securities.securities during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.
Issuer Purchases of Equity SecuritiesShare Repurchase Program
On February 3, 2017,January 9, 2019, the Company announced a share repurchase program pursuant to which the Board of Directors authorized to repurchase up to $100$200.0 million of the Company’s common stock, which expiredexpires on February 1, 2019.
The following table provides information regarding purchasesDecember 31, 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company repurchased 1,271,823 shares of its common stock in open market transactions for $24.9 million at an average price of $19.55 per share. All repurchased shares were retired. We did not repurchase any shares of our common stock pursuant toduring the above repurchase program for the three months ended December 31, 2018. Allfourth quarter of the repurchased shares were retired.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Period | | Total Number of Shares Purchased | | Average Price Paid per Share | | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Program | | Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program |
| October 1, 2018 - October 31, 2018 | | — |
| | $ | — |
| | — |
| | $ | 75,229,530 |
|
| November 1, 2018 - November 30, 2018 | | 893,429 |
| | $ | 21.59 |
| | 893,429 |
| | $ | 55,939,823 |
|
| December 1, 2018 - December 31, 2018 | | 1,406,069 |
| | $ | 21.84 |
| | 1,406,069 |
| | $ | 25,229,529 |
|
| Total | | 2,299,498 |
| | $ | 21.74 |
| | 2,299,498 |
| | |
On January 9, 2019, the Company announced a new share repurchase program pursuant to which the Board of Directors authorized to repurchase up to $200 million of the Company’s common stock. The new share repurchase program covers an authorization period of two years, expiring on December 31, 2020.2019.
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| ITEM 6. | SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA |
During the first quarter 2018, the Company adopted FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), using a modified retrospective approach as of the date of initial application, which was January 1, 2018. The modified retrospective approach did not require that prior periods presented be restated. The adoption of ASC 606 did not materially impact the comparability of any of the selected financial information below.
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in millions, except per share data) | 2018 (a) | | 2017 (b) | | 2016 (c) | | 2015 (d) | | 2014 (e) | 2019 (1) | | 2018 (2) | | 2017 (3) | | 2016 | | 2015 (4) |
| Income statement data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | $ | 3,587.9 |
| | $ | 3,148.0 |
| | $ | 3,034.4 |
| | $ | 2,838.3 |
| | $ | 2,590.5 |
| $ | 5,301.4 |
| | $ | 3,587.9 |
| | $ | 3,148.0 |
| | $ | 3,034.4 |
| | $ | 2,838.3 |
|
| Total operating expenses | 2,953.8 |
| | 2,702.3 |
| | 2,491.4 |
| | 2,370.5 |
| | 2,333.3 |
| 4,729.5 |
| | 2,953.8 |
| | 2,702.3 |
| | 2,491.4 |
| | 2,370.5 |
|
| Operating income | 634.1 |
| | 445.7 |
| | 543.0 |
| | 467.8 |
| | 257.2 |
| 571.9 |
| | 634.1 |
| | 445.7 |
| | 543.0 |
| | 467.8 |
|
| Total other expenses | (544.2 | ) | | (470.8 | ) | | (422.4 | ) | | (411.2 | ) | | (410.5 | ) | (485.8 | ) | | (544.2 | ) | | (470.8 | ) | | (422.4 | ) | | (411.2 | ) |
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 89.9 |
| | (25.1 | ) | | 120.6 |
| | 56.6 |
| | (153.3 | ) | 86.1 |
| | 89.9 |
| | (25.1 | ) | | 120.6 |
| | 56.6 |
|
| Income tax benefit (expense) | 3.6 |
| | 498.5 |
| | (11.3 | ) | | (55.9 | ) | | (30.5 | ) | (43.0 | ) | | 3.6 |
| | 498.5 |
| | (11.3 | ) | | (55.9 | ) |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
| | $ | 109.3 |
| | $ | 0.7 |
| | $ | (183.8 | ) | |
| Net income | | $ | 43.1 |
| | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
| | $ | 109.3 |
| | $ | 0.7 |
|
| Per share data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Earnings (loss) per common share—Basic | $ | 0.96 |
| | $ | 5.21 |
| | $ | 1.21 |
| | $ | 0.01 |
| | $ | (2.34 | ) | |
| Earnings (loss) per common share—Diluted | $ | 0.93 |
| | $ | 5.07 |
| | $ | 1.19 |
| | $ | 0.01 |
| | $ | (2.34 | ) | |
| Earnings per common share—Basic | | $ | 0.38 |
| | $ | 0.96 |
| | $ | 5.21 |
| | $ | 1.21 |
| | $ | 0.01 |
|
| Earnings per common share—Diluted | | $ | 0.37 |
| | $ | 0.93 |
| | $ | 5.07 |
| | $ | 1.19 |
| | $ | 0.01 |
|
Weighted-average shares outstanding—Basic (f) | 97,105 |
| | 90,854 |
| | 82,929 |
| | 80,003 |
| | 78,425 |
| 115.7 |
| | 97.1 |
| | 90.9 |
| | 82.9 |
| | 80.0 |
|
Weighted-average shares outstanding—Diluted (f) | 100,338 |
| | 93,378 |
| | 91,407 |
| | 90,904 |
| | 78,425 |
| 117.8 |
| | 100.3 |
| | 93.4 |
| | 91.4 |
| | 90.9 |
|
| Other data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | $ | 269.0 |
| | $ | 267.1 |
| | $ | 271.2 |
| | $ | 259.5 |
| | $ | 266.7 |
| $ | 414.2 |
| | $ | 269.0 |
| | $ | 267.1 |
| | $ | 271.2 |
| | $ | 259.5 |
|
| Interest expense | $ | 539.4 |
| | $ | 466.8 |
| | $ | 459.2 |
| | $ | 443.1 |
| | $ | 425.1 |
| |
| Interest expense, net | | $ | 534.2 |
| | $ | 538.4 |
| | $ | 463.2 |
| | $ | 435.1 |
| | $ | 431.6 |
|
| Project and maintenance capital expenditures | $ | 92.6 |
| | $ | 99.3 |
| | $ | 97.2 |
| | $ | 199.2 |
| | $ | 228.1 |
| $ | 190.6 |
| | $ | 92.6 |
| | $ | 99.3 |
| | $ | 97.2 |
| | $ | 199.2 |
|
| Cash flows provided by (used in): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating activities (h) | $ | 352.8 |
| | $ | 477.8 |
| | $ | 408.0 |
| | $ | 417.4 |
| | $ | 272.5 |
| $ | 703.9 |
| | $ | 352.8 |
| | $ | 477.8 |
| | $ | 408.0 |
| | $ | 417.4 |
|
| Investing activities | $ | (1,423.1 | ) | | $ | (221.6 | ) | | $ | (79.3 | ) | | $ | (781.0 | ) | | $ | (375.5 | ) | $ | (607.5 | ) | | $ | (1,423.1 | ) | | $ | (221.6 | ) | | $ | (79.3 | ) | | $ | (781.0 | ) |
Financing activities (g) | $ | 1,272.1 |
| | $ | (207.0 | ) | | $ | (339.9 | ) | | $ | 395.5 |
| | $ | 18.6 |
| $ | (122.4 | ) | | $ | 1,272.1 |
| | $ | (207.0 | ) | | $ | (339.9 | ) | | $ | 395.5 |
|
| Balance Sheet Data—As of December 31: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Balance sheet data—As of December 31: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 481.2 |
| | $ | 279.4 |
| | $ | 230.2 |
| | $ | 241.5 |
| | $ | 209.6 |
| $ | 455.2 |
| | $ | 481.2 |
| | $ | 279.4 |
| | $ | 230.2 |
| | $ | 241.5 |
|
Total assets | $ | 10,961.0 |
| | $ | 5,234.8 |
| | $ | 4,974.5 |
| | $ | 5,138.8 |
| | $ | 4,624.6 |
| $ | 14,194.5 |
| | $ | 10,961.0 |
| | $ | 5,234.8 |
| | $ | 4,974.5 |
| | $ | 5,138.8 |
|
| Total financing obligations | $ | 7,148.4 |
| | $ | 3,538.8 |
| | $ | 3,514.1 |
| | $ | 3,564.6 |
| | $ | 3,611.5 |
| |
Total lease liabilities (6) | | $ | 4,800.6 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
Total financing obligations (6) | | $ | 4,142.7 |
| | $ | 7,148.4 |
| | $ | 3,538.8 |
| | $ | 3,514.1 |
| | $ | 3,564.6 |
|
| Total debt | $ | 2,412.2 |
| | $ | 1,250.2 |
| | $ | 1,415.5 |
| | $ | 1,711.0 |
| | $ | 1,241.4 |
| $ | 2,385.1 |
| | $ | 2,412.2 |
| | $ | 1,250.2 |
| | $ | 1,415.5 |
| | $ | 1,711.0 |
|
| Stockholders’ equity (deficit) | $ | 731.2 |
| | $ | (73.1 | ) | | $ | (543.3 | ) | | $ | (678.0 | ) | | $ | (708.0 | ) | |
Stockholders’ equity (deficit) (6) | | $ | 1,851.9 |
| | $ | 731.2 |
| | $ | (73.1 | ) | | $ | (543.3 | ) | | $ | (678.0 | ) |
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(a)(1) | The financial position, resultsIncludes the full year impact of operationsthe Pinnacle Acquisition and cash flows asthe acquisitions of Margaritaville in January 2019 and forGreektown in May 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2018 include2019, we recorded impairment losses on our goodwill and other intangible assets of $170.6 million. During the year ended December 31, 2019, interest expense associated with the Penn Master Lease decreased by $181.2 million as a result of the adoption of ASC 842 (as defined in footnote (6) below), interest expense associated with the Pinnacle Master Lease increased by $126.0 million, and interest expense incurred on long-term debt increased by $50.8 million. |
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| (2) | Includes the impact of the acquisition of Pinnacle in October 2018. In addition, we incurred $95.0 million in costs, primarily associated with the Pinnacle Acquisition, a $21.0 million loss on early extinguishment of debt, and a $34.3 million long-lived asset impairment charge. In addition, duringDuring the year ended December 31, 2018, we recorded $464.5$63.0 million of interest expense on the financing obligations associated with the Pinnacle Master Leases.Lease. |
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(b)(3) | The financial position and results of operations forDuring the year ended December 31, 2017, reflectwe recorded impairment losses on our goodwill and other intangible assets of $18.0 million and a provision for loan losses and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC of $89.8 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2017, we recorded $397.6 million of interest expense on the Penn Master Lease financing obligation, released $741.9 million of our deferred tax valuation allowance and recorded a $261.3 million write-down of our deferred tax assets due to the loweringreduction of the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. |
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(c)(4) | The financial position, cash flows and results of operations as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016, reflect the acquisition of Rocket Speed in August 2016. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2016, we recorded $391.7 million of interest expense on the Penn Master Lease financing obligation. |
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(d) | The financial position and results of operations as of and forDuring the year ended December 31, 2015, reflectwe recorded impairment losses on our other intangible assets of $40.0 million related to the write-off of our Plainridge Park Casino gaming license and a write-down of the gaming license at Hollywood |
Gaming at Dayton Raceway. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2015, we recorded $390.1 million of interest expense on the Penn Master Lease financing obligation.
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(e) | The financial position and results of operations as of and for the year ended December 31, 2014, reflect impairment losses on our goodwill and other intangible assets of $155.3 million and property and equipment of $4.6 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2014, we recorded insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges of $5.7 million, which related to tornado damage at Hollywood Casino St. Louis incurred in 2013, and $379.2 million of interest expense on the Penn Master Lease financing obligation. |
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(f)(5) | Since we reported an operating loss forOn January 1, 2018, the year ended December 31, 2014, we were required to use basic weighted-average common shares outstanding becauseCompany adopted Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”), using a modified retrospective approach, which did not require that prior years presented be restated as of the inclusiondate of diluted shares would have been anti-dilutive.initial application. The adoption of ASC 606 did not materially impact the comparability of any of the selected financial information above. |
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(g)(6) | In August 2016,On January 1, 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Clarification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.” The Company adopted this new guidanceASC Topic 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”), using a modified retrospective approach, which did not require that prior years presented be restated. Upon adoption of ASC 842, among other items, we reduced property and equipment, net, by $1,571.7 million, recorded right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities of $4,030.8 million, reduced the financing obligations by $2,954.1 million, and a recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings of $1,085.7 million. See Note 3, “New Accounting Pronouncements,” of the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on January 1, 2018 on a retrospective basis. As a result of adopting this new guidance, the impact toof the year ended December 31, 2017 was an increase to net cash provided by operating activities and an increase to net cash used in financing activitiesadoption of $18.0 million within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. |
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(h) | In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash.”The Company adopted this new guidance on January 1, 2018 on a retrospective basis. As a result of adopting this new guidance, the impact to the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, 2015 and 2014, were increases (decreases) to net cash provided by operating activities of $0.7 million, $(3.8) million, $3.6 million and $(0.1) million, respectively, within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.ASC 842.
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| ITEM 7. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
The following discussion and analysis of financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
Our Business
Penn National Gaming, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, is a leading, diversified, multi-jurisdictional owner and manager of gaming and racing facilitiesproperties and video gaming terminal (“VGT”) operations with a focus on slot machine entertainment. In the second half of 2018, we launchedoperations. We currently offer live sports wageringbetting at our facilitiesproperties in Indiana, Iowa, Mississippi, Nevada, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. In addition, the Company operatesWe operate an interactive gaming (“iGaming”) division through itsour subsidiary, Penn Interactive Ventures, LLC (“PIV”Penn Interactive”). , which recently launched an online casino (“iCasino”) in Pennsylvania through our HollywoodCasino.com gaming platform and entered into multi-year agreements with leading sports betting operators for online sports betting and iGaming market access across our portfolio of properties. Our MYCHOICE® customer loyalty program currently has over 20 million members and provides such members with various benefits, including complimentary goods and/or services. References herein to “Penn National,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to Penn National Gaming, Inc. and its subsidiaries, except where stated or the context otherwise indicates.
As of December 31, 2018,2019, we owned, managed, or had ownership interests in 40 facilities41 properties in 18 jurisdictions.19 states. The majority of the gaming facilitiesreal estate assets (i.e., land and buildings) used in the Company’s operations are subject to triple net master leases; the most significant of which are the Penn Master Lease and the Pinnacle Master Lease (as such terms are defined in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section below and collectively referred to as the “Master Leases”), with Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc. (NASDAQ: GLPI) (“GLPI”), a publicly-traded real estate investment trust (“REIT”). In addition, we are currently developing two Category 4 satellite gaming casinos in Pennsylvania: Hollywood Casino York and Hollywood Casino Morgantown, both of which are expected to commence operations by the end of 2020. In February 2020, we closed on our investment in Barstool Sports, Inc. (“Barstool Sports”), asa leading digital sports, entertainment and media platform, pursuant to a stock purchase agreement with Barstool Sports and stockholders of Barstool Sports, in which we purchased approximately 36% of the landlord undercommon stock of Barstool Sports for a purchase price of approximately $163 million. The purchase price consisted of approximately $135 million in cash and $28 million in shares of non-voting convertible preferred stock. Furthermore, three years after the closing of the transaction (or earlier at our election), we will increase our ownership in Barstool Sports to approximately 50% with an incremental investment of approximately $62 million, consistent with the implied valuation at the time of the initial investment. With respect to the remaining Barstool Sports shares, we have immediately exercisable call rights, and the existing Barstool Sports stockholders have put rights exercisable beginning three years after closing, all based on a fair market value calculation at the time of exercise (subject to a cap of $650.0 million and a floor of 2.25 times the annualized revenue of Barstool Sports, all subject to various adjustments). We also have the option to bring in another partner who would acquire a portion of our share of Barstool Sports. Upon closing, we became Barstool Sports’ exclusive gaming partner for up to 40 years and have the sole right to utilize the Barstool Sports brand for all of our online and retail sports betting and iCasino products. We expect to launch our online sports gaming app called Barstool Sports in August 2020 and anticipate that this transaction will facilitate the Company’s omni-channel growth.
In May 2019, we acquired Greektown Casino-Hotel (“Greektown”) in Detroit, Michigan, subject to a triple net lease with VICI Properties Inc. (NYSE: VICI) (“VICI” and collectively with GLPI, our “REIT Landlords”) (the “Greektown Lease”), and in January 2019, we acquired Margaritaville Casino Resort (“Margaritaville”) in Bossier City, Louisiana, subject to a triple net lease with VICI (the “Margaritaville Lease” and collectively with the Master Leases. References herein to “Penn,”Leases, the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer to Penn National Gaming, Inc.Greektown Lease and its subsidiaries, except where stated or the context otherwise indicates.Meadows Lease (as defined in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below), the “Triple Net Leases”). In October 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc. (“Pinnacle”), a leading regional gaming operator (the “Pinnacle Acquisition”), for $2,816.2 million (including the repayment of $814.3 million in debt obligations). In conjunction with the Pinnacle Acquisition, the Company divested the membership interests of certain Pinnacle subsidiaries, which operated the casinos known as Ameristar Casino Resort St. Charles, Ameristar Casino Hotel Kansas City, Belterra Casino Resort and Belterra Park (referred to collectively as the “Divested Properties”), to Boyd Gaming Corporation (NYSE: BYD) (“Boyd”) in exchange for $604.9 million of cash, subject to customary final working capital adjustments.. Additionally, as a part of the transaction, (i) GLPI acquired the real estate assets associated with Plainridge Park Casino for $250.0 million, and concurrently leased back the real estatesuch assets to the Company (the “Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback”) and (ii) a subsidiary of Boyd acquired the real estate assets associated with Belterra Park from a subsidiary of GLPI, from which the Company received proceeds of $57.7 million.. In connection with the sale of the Divested Properties to Boyd as well asand the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback, the Pinnacle Master Lease, which was assumed by the Company concurrent with the closing of the Pinnacle Acquisition, was
amended. The Pinnacle Acquisition added twelve gaming properties to our holdings and provideshas provided us with greater operational scale and geographic diversity.
In November 2018, we announced that the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the operations of Greektown Casino-Hotel in Detroit, Michigan, subject to a triple net lease with VICI Properties, Inc. (“VICI”), which we expect to close in the second quarter 2019. In January 2019, we acquired Margaritaville Casino Resort subject to a triple net lease with VICI (the “Margaritaville Lease”). Further, we have planned two development projects in Pennsylvania: Hollywood Casino York and Hollywood Casino Morgantown (a greenfield project), which are both Category 4 satellite gaming facilities. We anticipate that both of these development projects will be complete within 12-18 months after obtaining the necessary local and regulatory approvals.
In May 2017, we completed the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica (f/k/a Bally’s Casino Tunica) and Resorts Casino Tunica. In 2016, Prairie State Gaming acquired two small VGT route operatorsTunica (which ceased operations in Illinois and in the first half of 2017, it acquired two additional Illinois-based VGT operators. In 2015, PIV launched our HollywoodCasino.com Play4Fun social gaming platform with Scientific Games Corporation, and in August 2016, we enhanced our social gaming offerings with the acquisition of Rocket Speed, Inc. (“Rocket Speed”), a leading developer of social casino games.June 2019).
We believe that our portfolio of assets provides us the benefit of a geographically diversifiedgeographically-diversified cash flow from operations. We expect to continue to expand our gaming operations through the implementation and execution of a disciplined capital expenditure program at our existing properties, the pursuit of strategic acquisitions and investments, and the development of new gaming properties. In addition, we expectthe partnership with Barstool Sports reflects our strategy to pursue opportunities within other distribution channels, such ascontinue evolving from the nation’s largest regional gaming operator to a best-in-class omni-channel provider of retail gaming, socialand online gaming and real money iGaming.sports betting entertainment.
Our properties generate significant operating cash flow since most of our revenue is cash-based from slot machines, table games, and pari-mutuel wagering. Our business is capital intensive, and we rely on cash flow from our properties to generate operating cash to satisfy our obligations under the Master Leases, repay debt, fund maintenance capital expenditures, fund new
capital projects at existing properties and provide excess cash for future development and acquisitions. Additional information regarding our capital projects is discussed in detail in the section entitled “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.Operating and Competitive Environment
Most of our properties operate in mature, competitive markets. Consequently, we expect a significant amount of our future growth to come from prudent acquisitions ofnew growth opportunities, such as retail and online gaming properties, jurisdictional expansions,and sports betting; entrance into new jurisdictions; expansions of gaming in existing jurisdictions, expansions/improvementsjurisdictions; improvements/expansions of our existing propertiesproperties; and new growth opportunities.strategic acquisitions of gaming properties. Our geographically-diversified portfolio is comprised largely of new and well-maintained regional gaming facilities. This has allowed us to develop what we believe to be a solid base for future growth opportunities supported by a flexible and attractively-priced capital structure. We have also made investments in joint ventures that we believe will allow us to capitalize on additional gaming opportunities in certain states if legislation or referenda are passed that permit and/or expand gaming in these jurisdictions and we are selected as a licensee.
As reported by most jurisdictions, regional gaming industry trends have shown little revenue growth in recentthe last several years as numerous jurisdictions now permit gaming or have expanded their gaming offerings. The proliferation of new gaming facilitiesproperties continues to impact the overall domestic gaming industry as well as our operating results of operations in certain markets; however,markets. However, the current economic environment, specifically historically low levels of unemployment, strength in residential real estate prices, and high levels of consumer confidence, has resulted in a stable operating environment in recent years. Our ability to continue to succeed in this environment will be predicated on operating our existing facilitiesproperties efficiently, realizing revenue and cost synergies from recent acquisitions, and offering our customers additional gaming experiences through our multi-channelomni-channel distribution strategy. We seek to continue to expand our customer database through accretive acquisitions or investments, such as the Pinnacle Acquisition,Barstool Sports, and capitalize on organic growth opportunities from the development of new facilitiesproperties or the expansion of recently-developed business lines.
Historically,The gaming industry is characterized by an increasingly high degree of competition among a large number of participants, including riverboat casinos, dockside casinos, land-based casinos, video lottery, iGaming, online and retail sports betting, gaming at taverns, gaming at truck stop establishments, sweepstakes and poker machines not located in casinos, the Company haspotential for increased fantasy sports, Native American gaming, and other forms of gaming in the U.S. More specifically, due to recent legislation to expand gaming in and around Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts and Pennsylvania, several of our properties within our Northeast segment and some of our properties within our Midwest segment have been reliant on certain key regional gaming markets (for example, its results from Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races and Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg). Over the past several years, we have diversified our operations via development of new facilities and acquisitions. The acquisition of Pinnacle has further reduced our reliance on specific properties. In addition, we expect to generate approximately $100 million in annual run-rate cost synergies within two years of the Pinnacle Acquisition. We also believe that the acquisition of Pinnacle has and will continue to present revenue growth opportunities with respect to increased cross-property play, including visitation to our Las Vegas properties, and higher social gaming volumes due principally to the enhanced scale and size of our customer database.
In October 2017, Pennsylvania’s House Bill 271 was signed into law, which extensively expanded gambling in the state by introducing licenses for up to 10 additional casinos limited to 750 slot machines and up to 40 table games not to be
within 25 miles of existing casinos, up to five VGTs at certain truck stops, online gambling, fantasy contests and sport wagering. In response to this bill, we have commenced development of Hollywood Casino York and Hollywood Casino Morgantown, which are discussed above. We believe Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course, Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course, and Meadows Racetrack and Casino, all of which are in our Northeast segment, will benegatively impacted by new
competition inor increased competition. See the
near future based on the ultimate location“Segment comparison of the additional facilities, either owned by us or by our competitors.MGM Springfield in Western Massachusetts opened in August 2018, Tiverton Casino in Tiverton, Rhode Island, which is near the border of Massachusetts, opened in Septemberyears ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and Encore Boston Harbor in Eastern Massachusetts is scheduled to open in June 2019. MGM Springfield and Tiverton Casino have negatively impacted our Plainridge Park Casino, which is in our Northeast segment, since their opening and we expect Encore Boston Harbor to negatively2017” section below for discussions of the impact Plainridge Park Casino due to the increasedof competition upon its opening.
Lastly, we expect that a large renovation and expansion, including a 500-room hotel and a parking garage, at Monarch Casino, in Blackhawk, Colorado, which is expected to be complete by July 2019, will have an adverse impact on our Ameristar Blackhawk property, which is included in our West segment, due to the increased competition.results of operations by reportable segment.
Key Performance Indicators
In our business, revenue is driven by discretionary consumer spending. We have no certain mechanism for determining why consumers choose to spend more or less money at our facilitiesproperties from period-to-period; therefore, we cannotare unable to quantify a dollar amount for each factor that impacts our customers’ spending behaviors. However, based on our experience, we can generally offer some insight into the factors that we believe wereare likely to account for such changes and which factors may have had a greater impact than others. For example, decreases in discretionary consumer spending have historically been brought about by weakened general economic conditions such as lackluster recoveries from recessions, high unemployment levels, higher income taxes, low levels of consumer confidence, weakness in the housing market, and high fuel or other transportation costs. In addition, visitation and the volume of play have historically been negatively impacted by significant construction surrounding our properties, adverse regional weather conditions and natural disasters. In all instances, such insights are based solely on our judgment and professional experience and no assurance can be given as to the accuracy of our judgments.
The vast majority of our revenues is gaming revenue, derived primarily from gaming on slot machines (which represented approximately 92% and 87% of our gaming revenue in 2018 and 2017, respectively), and to a lesser extent, table games, which is highly dependent upon the volume and spending levels of customers at our facilities.properties. Our gaming revenue is derived primarily from slot machines (which represented approximately 92%, 92% and 87% of our gaming revenue in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively) and, to a lesser extent, table games and sports
betting. Aside from gaming revenues,revenue, our revenues are derived from our hotel, dining, retail, admissions,commissions, program sales, admissions, concessions and certain other ancillary activities, and our racing operations. Our racing revenue includes our share of pari-mutuel wagering on live races after payment of amounts returned as winning wagers, our share of wagering from import and export simulcasting, and our share of wagering from our off-track wagering facilities.
Key performance indicators related to gaming revenue are slot handle and table game drop, which are volume indicators, and “win” or “hold” percentage. Our typical property slot win percentage is in the range of approximately 6%7% to 10%9% of slot handle, and our typical table game hold percentage is in the range of approximately 13%16% to 27%25% of table game drop.
Slot handle is the gross amount wagered for the period cited. during a given period.
The win or hold percentage is the net amount of gaming wins and losses, with liabilities recognized for accruals related to the anticipated payout of progressive jackpots. Given the stability in our slot hold percentages on a historical basis, we have not experienced significant impacts to net income from changes in these percentages.
For table games, customers usually purchase chips at the gaming tables. The cash and markers (extensions of credit granted to certain credit worthy customers) are deposited in the gaming table’s drop box. Table game hold is the amount of drop that is retained and recorded as gaming revenue, with liabilities recognized for funds deposited by customers before gaming play occurs and for unredeemed gaming chips. As we are primarily focused on regional gaming markets, our table game hold percentages are fairly stable as the majority of these markets do not regularly experience high-end play, which can lead to volatility in hold percentages. Therefore, changes in table game hold percentages do not typically have a material impact to our net income.results of operations.
Our properties generate significant operating cash flow since most of our revenue is cash-based from slot machines, table games, and pari-mutuel wagering. Our business is capital intensive, and we rely on cash flow from our properties to generate sufficient cash to satisfy our obligations under the Triple Net Leases, repay debt, fund maintenance capital expenditures, fund new capital projects at existing properties and provide excess cash for future development and acquisitions. Additional information regarding our capital projects is discussed in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section below. Reportable Segments
We view each of our operating businessesgaming and racing properties as an operating segment with the exception of our two facilitiesproperties in Jackpot, Nevada, which we view as one operating segment. During the fourth quarter 2018, the Company made revisionsWe consider our combined VGT operations, by state, to its reportable segments upon the consummation of the Pinnacle Acquisition. Apart from the addition of the new properties, the most significant change was dividing the South/West segment into twobe separate reportableoperating segments. For financial reporting purposes, weWe aggregate our operating segments into the followingfour reportable segments:
|
| | | |
| Location | | Real Estate Assets Lease or Ownership Structure |
Northeast segment | | | |
Ameristar East Chicago | East Chicago, IN | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino Bangor | Bangor, ME | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races | Charles Town, WV | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino Columbus | Columbus, OH | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg | Lawrenceburg, IN | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course | Grantville, PA | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino Toledo | Toledo, OH | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway | Dayton, OH | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course | Youngstown, OH | | Penn Master Lease |
Meadows Racetrack and Casino | Washington, PA | | Meadows Lease |
Plainridge Park Casino | Plainville, MA | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
| | | |
South segment | | | |
1st Jackpot Casino Northeast, South, West and Midwest. For a listing of our gaming properties and VGT operations included in each reportable segment, see Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies,” in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements. | Tunica, MS | | Penn Master Lease |
Ameristar Vicksburg | Vicksburg, MS | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
Boomtown Biloxi | Biloxi, MS | | Penn Master Lease |
Boomtown Bossier City | Bossier City, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
Boomtown New Orleans | New Orleans, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast | Bay St. Louis, MS | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino Tunica | Tunica, MS | | Penn Master Lease |
L’Auberge Baton Rouge | Baton Rouge, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
L’Auberge Lake Charles | Lake Charles, LA | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
Resorts Casino Tunica | Tunica, MS | | Penn Master Lease |
| | | |
West segment | | | |
Ameristar Black Hawk | Black Hawk, CO | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
Cactus Petes and Horseshu (the “Jackpot Properties”) | Jackpot, NV | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
M Resort | Henderson, NV | | Penn Master Lease |
Tropicana Las Vegas | Las Vegas, NV | | Owned |
Zia Park Casino | Hobbs, NM | | Penn Master Lease |
| | | |
Midwest segment | | | |
Ameristar Council Bluffs | Council Bluffs, IA | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
Argosy Casino Alton (1)
| Alton, IL | | Penn Master Lease |
Argosy Casino Riverside | Riverside, MO | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino Aurora | Aurora, IL | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino Joliet | Joliet, IL | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway (2)
| Kansas City, KS | | Owned - JV |
Hollywood Casino St. Louis | Maryland Heights, MO | | Penn Master Lease |
Prairie State Gaming (3)
| Illinois | | N/A |
River City Casino | St. Louis, MO | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
| |
(1) | The riverboat is owned by us and not subject to the Penn Master Lease. |
| |
(2) | Pursuant to a joint venture with International Speedway Corporation |
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table highlights our revenues, operatingnet income, (loss)and Adjusted EBITDA, on a consolidated basis, as well as our revenues and Adjusted EBITDAR by reportable segment as well as our consolidated net income and Adjusted EBITDA, after Lease Payments.segment. Such segment reporting is on a basis consistent with how we measure our business and allocate resources internally. The financial information presented below reflects the revisions made to our reportable segments as a result of the Pinnacle Acquisition, including restating the prior year financial information.
The Company considersWe consider net income to be the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) to Adjusted
EBITDAREBITDA and Adjusted
EBITDA, after Lease Payments,EBITDAR, which are non-GAAP financial measures. Refer to the
“Non-GAAP“Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section below for the definitions of Adjusted EBITDAR;EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA after Lease Payments;margin, Adjusted EBITDAR, and Lease Payments;Adjusted EBITDAR margin; as well as a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDAR and Adjusted EBITDA, after Lease Payments.related margins. |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (dollars in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Revenues: | | | | | |
Northeast segment (a) | $ | 1,891.5 |
| | $ | 1,756.6 |
| | $ | 1,741.8 |
|
South segment (a) | 394.4 |
| | 224.3 |
| | 185.8 |
|
West segment (a) | 437.9 |
| | 380.4 |
| | 360.8 |
|
Midwest segment (a) | 823.7 |
| | 735.0 |
| | 704.3 |
|
Other (b) | 40.4 |
| | 51.7 |
| | 41.7 |
|
| Revenues | $ | 3,587.9 |
| | $ | 3,148.0 |
| | $ | 3,034.4 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Operating income (loss): | | | | | |
Northeast segment (a) | $ | 514.3 |
| | $ | 451.1 |
| | $ | 437.8 |
|
South segment (a) | 97.9 |
| | 51.5 |
| | 46.2 |
|
West segment (a) | 106.5 |
| | (57.3 | ) | | 46.4 |
|
Midwest segment (a) | 233.5 |
| | 191.3 |
| | 182.9 |
|
Other (b) | (318.1 | ) | | (190.9 | ) | | (170.3 | ) |
| Operating income | $ | 634.1 |
| | $ | 445.7 |
| | $ | 543.0 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Net income | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
| | $ | 109.3 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Adjusted EBITDAR: | | | | | |
Northeast segment (a) | $ | 583.8 |
| | $ | 549.3 |
| | $ | 536.4 |
|
South segment (a) | 118.9 |
| | 62.6 |
| | 56.1 |
|
West segment (a) | 114.3 |
| | 72.7 |
| | 72.5 |
|
Midwest segment (a) | 294.3 |
| | 249.7 |
| | 239.9 |
|
Other (b) | (68.1 | ) | | (55.2 | ) | | (67.8 | ) |
| Adjusted EBITDAR | 1,043.2 |
| | 879.1 |
| | 837.1 |
|
| Less: Lease Payments | (537.4 | ) | | (455.4 | ) | | (442.3 | ) |
| Adjusted EBITDA, after Lease Payments | $ | 505.8 |
| | $ | 423.7 |
| | $ | 394.8 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Operating income margin | 17.7 | % | | 14.2 | % | | 17.9 | % |
| Net income margin | 2.6 | % | | 15.0 | % | | 3.6 | % |
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 29.1 | % | | 27.9 | % | | 27.6 | % |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (dollars in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Revenues: | | | | | |
| Northeast segment | $ | 2,399.9 |
| | $ | 1,891.5 |
| | $ | 1,756.6 |
|
| South segment | 1,118.9 |
| | 394.4 |
| | 224.3 |
|
| West segment | 642.5 |
| | 437.9 |
| | 380.4 |
|
| Midwest segment | 1,094.5 |
| | 823.7 |
| | 735.0 |
|
Other (1) | 47.5 |
| | 40.4 |
| | 51.7 |
|
Intersegment eliminations (2) | (1.9 | ) | | — |
| �� | — |
|
| Total | $ | 5,301.4 |
| | $ | 3,587.9 |
| | $ | 3,148.0 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Net income | $ | 43.1 |
| | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Adjusted EBITDAR: | | | | | |
| Northeast segment | $ | 720.8 |
| | $ | 583.8 |
| | $ | 549.3 |
|
| South segment | 369.8 |
| | 118.9 |
| | 62.6 |
|
| West segment | 198.8 |
| | 114.3 |
| | 72.7 |
|
| Midwest segment | 403.6 |
| | 294.3 |
| | 249.7 |
|
Other (1) | (87.8 | ) | | (68.1 | ) | | (55.2 | ) |
Total (3) | 1,605.2 |
| | 1,043.2 |
| | 879.1 |
|
Rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (4) | (366.4 | ) | | (3.8 | ) | | — |
|
Adjusted EBITDA (5) | $ | 1,238.8 |
| | $ | 1,039.4 |
| | $ | 879.1 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Net income margin | 0.8 | % | | 2.6 | % | | 15.0 | % |
Adjusted EBITDAR margin (6) | 30.3 | % | | 29.1 | % | | 27.9 | % |
Adjusted EBITDA margin (7) | 23.4 | % | | 29.0 | % | | 27.9 | % |
| |
(b)(1) | The Other category consists of the Company’s standalonestand-alone racing operations, namely Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club and the Company’s joint venture interests in Sam Houston Race Park, Valley Race Park, and Freehold Raceway. The Other category also includes PIV,Penn Interactive, which operates social gaming, our internally-branded retail sportsbooks, and iGaming; our management contract for Retama Park Racetrack,Racetrack; and our live and televised poker tournament series that operates under the trade name,trademark, Heartland Poker Tour.Tour (“HPT”). Expenses incurred for corporate and shared services activities that are directly attributable to a property or are otherwise incurred to support a property are allocated to each property. The Other category also includes corporate overhead costs, which consist of certain expenses, such as payroll, professional fees, travel expenses and other general and administrative expenses that do not directly relate to or have not otherwise been allocated to a property. |
| |
| (2) | Represents the elimination of intersegment revenues associated with Penn Interactive and HPT. |
| |
| (3) | The total is a mathematical calculation derived from the sum of the reportable segments (as well as the Other category and intersegment eliminations). As noted within “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below, Adjusted EBITDAR is presented on a consolidated basis outside the financial statements solely as a valuation metric. Adjusted EBITDAR increased for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to the prior year, principally due to the acquisitions of Pinnacle, Margaritaville, and Greektown, which contributed a combined $695.0 million. Adjusted EBITDAR increased for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior year, principally due to the acquisition of Pinnacle, which contributed $113.2 million. |
| |
| (4) | Solely comprised of rent expense associated with the operating lease components contained within the Master Leases (primarily land), the Margaritaville Lease, the Greektown Lease, and the Meadows Lease (referred to collectively as our “triple net operating |
property are allocatedleases”). The finance lease components contained within the Master Leases (primarily buildings) result in interest expense, as opposed to each property. The Other category also includes corporate overhead costs, which consists of certain expenses, such as: payroll, professional fees, travel expenses and other general and administrative expenses that do not directly relate to or have otherwise been allocated to a property.rent expense.
| |
| (5) | Adjusted EBITDA increased for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to the prior year, due to the acquisitions of Pinnacle, Margaritaville, and Greektown, which contributed a combined $534.9 million, offset by rent expense associated with the Penn Master Lease of $206.3 million. Adjusted EBITDA increased for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior year, due to the acquisition of Pinnacle, which contributed $109.4 million. Upon adoption of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”) on January 1, 2019, certain components (primarily land) of the Penn Master Lease were classified as operating leases (recorded to rent expense) rather than financing obligations (recorded to interest expense) in the prior years. As rent expense is a normal, recurring cash operating expense, it is included within the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA. |
| |
| (6) | As noted within “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below, Adjusted EBITDAR margin is presented on a consolidated basis outside the financial statements solely as a valuation metric. |
| |
| (7) | Adjusted EBITDA margin decreased for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to the prior year, due to the adoption of ASC 842 (see footnote (5) above). Adjusted EBITDA margin increased for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior year, principally due to the acquisition of Pinnacle. |
Consolidated comparison of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 20162017
Revenues
The following table presents our consolidated revenues at a disaggregated level:revenues:
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % Change | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 (a) | | 2017 vs. 2016 | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 |
Revenues (a)(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 2,894.9 |
| | $ | 2,692.0 |
| | $ | 2,606.3 |
| | $ | 202.9 |
| | $ | 85.7 |
| | 7.5 | % | | 3.3 | % | $ | 4,268.7 |
| | $ | 2,894.9 |
| | $ | 2,692.0 |
| | $ | 1,373.8 |
| | $ | 202.9 |
| | 47.5 | % | | 7.5 | % |
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 629.7 |
| | 601.7 |
| | 575.4 |
| | 28.0 |
| | 26.3 |
| | 4.7 | % | | 4.6 | % | 1,032.7 |
| | 629.7 |
| | 601.7 |
| | 403.0 |
| | 28.0 |
| | 64.0 | % | | 4.7 | % |
| Management service and license fees | 6.0 |
| | 11.7 |
| | 11.4 |
| | (5.7 | ) | | 0.3 |
| | (48.7 | )% | | 2.6 | % | — |
| | 6.0 |
| | 11.7 |
| | (6.0 | ) | | (5.7 | ) | | (100.0 | )% | | (48.7 | )% |
| Reimbursable management costs | 57.3 |
| | 26.1 |
| | 16.0 |
| | 31.2 |
| | 10.1 |
| | 119.5 | % | | 63.1 | % | — |
| | 57.3 |
| | 26.1 |
| | (57.3 | ) | | 31.2 |
| | (100.0 | )% | | 119.5 | % |
| 3,587.9 |
| | 3,331.5 |
| | 3,209.1 |
| | 256.4 |
| | 122.4 |
| | 7.7 | % | | 3.8 | % | 5,301.4 |
| | 3,587.9 |
| | 3,331.5 |
| | 1,713.5 |
| | 256.4 |
| | 47.8 | % | | 7.7 | % |
| Less: Promotional allowances | — |
| | (183.5 | ) | | (174.7 | ) | | 183.5 |
| | (8.8 | ) | | (100.0 | )% | | 5.0 | % | — |
| | — |
| | (183.5 | ) | | — |
| | 183.5 |
| | — | | (100.0 | )% |
| Revenues | $ | 3,587.9 |
| | $ | 3,148.0 |
| | $ | 3,034.4 |
| | $ | 439.9 |
| | $ | 113.6 |
| | 14.0 | % | | 3.7 | % | |
| Total revenues | | $ | 5,301.4 |
| | $ | 3,587.9 |
| | $ | 3,148.0 |
| | $ | 1,713.5 |
| | $ | 439.9 |
| | 47.8 | % | | 14.0 | % |
| |
(a)(1) | The adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”)ASC Topic 606, Revenue“Revenue from Contracts with Customers,Customers” (“ASC 606”) as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition approach principally impacted the year-over-year comparability of gaming revenues; food, beverage, hotel and other revenues; reimbursable management costs; and promotional allowances; but had minimal impact on total revenues. For the yearsyear ended December 31, 2017, and 2016, the retail value of accommodations, food and beverage, hotel and other services furnished to our guestscustomers without charge was included in gross revenues, then deducted as promotional allowances in determining net revenues. |
2018 compared to 2017
ConsolidatedGaming revenues increased principally as a result of the Pinnacle Acquisition on October 15, 2018, which contributed $385.6 million to and food, beverage, hotel and other revenues for the year ended December 31, 2018;2019 benefited from the first full year of operations of Pinnacle, which $303.6was acquired on October 15, 2018, resulting in increases of $1,117.2 million wasand $317.0 million, respectively, and the acquisitions of Margaritaville on January 1, 2019, and Greektown on May 23, 2019, which contributed a combined $286.0 million and $67.5 million, respectively. In addition, gaming, revenues and $82.0 million was food, beverage, hotel and other revenues.revenues benefited from strong year-over-year performances at all of our Ohio properties, resulting in an increase of $23.5 million. These increases were offset by a decrease in gaming, food, beverage, hotel and other revenues at Plainridge Park Casino of $19.7 million, which was negatively impacted by an increase in competition, and a decrease in gaming, food, beverage, hotel and other revenues at Resorts Casino Tunica, which we closed on June 30, 2019.
Gaming revenues and food, beverage, hotel and other revenues for the year ended December 31, 2018 benefited from the Pinnacle Acquisition, which contributed $303.6 million and $82.0 million, respectively. In addition, consolidatedgaming, food, beverage, hotel and other revenues benefited from strong year-over-year performances at all of our Ohio properties, resulting in an increase of $18.5 million; and Prairie State Gaming, where gaming, food, beverage, hotel and other revenues increased by $15.1 million; and a full year of operations of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica, which were acquired on May 1, 2017 and resulted in an increase of $22.3 million.
Management service and license fees and reimbursable management costs relate to our previous management contract with Casino Rama, which is located in Ontario, Canada. Reimbursable management costs also relates to our previous management contract with Hollywood Casino-Jamul San Diego, which is located on the Jamul Tribe’s trust land in San Diego, California. The decreases in management service and license fees for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior years, are due to the fact that our management contract with Casino Rama terminated in July
2018. The decrease in reimbursable management costs for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to the prior year, is due to the termination of our Casino Rama management contract as well as the fact that our management contract with Hollywood Casino-Jamul San Diego terminated in May 2018. The increase in reimbursable management costs for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior year, is a result of the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018, which required us to record reimbursable management costs on a gross basis as opposed to a net basis.
In comparing the year ended December 31, 2018 to the prior year, adoption of ASC 606 had the effect of decreasing gaming revenues and food, beverage, hotel and other revenues by $206.1 million and $69.4 million, respectively, and increasing reimbursable management costs by $46.8 million, of which $236.8 million related to promotional allowances, resulting in a net impact on consolidatedtotal revenues of an increase of $8.1 million. See the “Segment“Segment comparison of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016” section2017” below for more detailed explanations of the fluctuations in revenues. 2017 compared to 2016
Consolidated revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017 increased principally as a result of the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica, which contributed $46.4 million, and Prairie State Gaming, which acquired four VGT route operators since the beginning of the fourth quarter 2016, which contributed $24.7 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease at Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races of $32.9 million due to increased competition from the Maryland market. See the “Segment comparison of the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016” section below for more detailed explanations of the fluctuations intotal revenues.
Operating expenses
The following table presents our consolidated operating expenses:
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % Change | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 |
| Operating expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 1,551.4 |
| | $ | 1,365.0 |
| | $ | 1,335.0 |
| | $ | 186.4 |
| | $ | 30.0 |
| | 13.7 | % | | 2.2 | % | $ | 2,281.8 |
| | $ | 1,551.4 |
| | $ | 1,365.0 |
| | $ | 730.4 |
| | $ | 186.4 |
| | 47.1 | % | | 13.7 | % |
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 439.3 |
| | 421.8 |
| | 406.9 |
| | 17.5 |
| | 14.9 |
| | 4.1 | % | | 3.7 | % | 672.7 |
| | 439.3 |
| | 421.8 |
| | 233.4 |
| | 17.5 |
| | 53.1 | % | | 4.1 | % |
| General and administrative | 618.9 |
| | 514.5 |
| | 462.3 |
| | 104.4 |
| | 52.2 |
| | 20.3 | % | | 11.3 | % | 1,187.7 |
| | 618.9 |
| | 514.5 |
| | 568.8 |
| | 104.4 |
| | 91.9 | % | | 20.3 | % |
| Reimbursable management costs | 57.3 |
| | 26.1 |
| | 16.0 |
| | 31.2 |
| | 10.1 |
| | 119.5 | % | | 63.1 | % | — |
| | 57.3 |
| | 26.1 |
| | (57.3 | ) | | 31.2 |
| | (100.0 | )% | | 119.5 | % |
| Depreciation and amortization | 269.0 |
| | 267.1 |
| | 271.2 |
| | 1.9 |
| | (4.1 | ) | | 0.7 | % | | (1.5 | )% | 414.2 |
| | 269.0 |
| | 267.1 |
| | 145.2 |
| | 1.9 |
| | 54.0 | % | | 0.7 | % |
| Provision for loan loss and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC, net of recoveries, and impairment losses | 17.9 |
| | 107.8 |
| | — |
| | (89.9 | ) | | 107.8 |
| | N/M | | N/C | |
| Impairment losses | | 173.1 |
| | 34.9 |
| | 18.0 |
| | 138.2 |
| | 16.9 |
| | 396.0 | % | | 93.9 | % |
| Provision for (recoveries on) loan loss and unfunded loan commitments | | — |
| | (17.0 | ) | | 89.8 |
| | 17.0 |
| | (106.8 | ) | | (100.0 | )% | | N/M |
| Total operating expenses | $ | 2,953.8 |
| | $ | 2,702.3 |
| | $ | 2,491.4 |
| | $ | 251.5 |
| | $ | 210.9 |
| | 9.3 | % | | 8.5 | % | $ | 4,729.5 |
| | $ | 2,953.8 |
| | $ | 2,702.3 |
| | $ | 1,775.7 |
| | $ | 251.5 |
| | 60.1 | % | | 9.3 | % |
N/M - Not meaningful
N/C - Not calculable
Gaming expenses consist primarily of salaries and wages associated with our gaming operations and gaming taxes. Food, beverage, hotel and other expenses consist principally of salaries and wages and costs of goods sold associated with our food, beverage, hotel, retail, racing, and other operations. Gaming, food, beverage, hotel and other expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 increased year over year primarily as a result of the acquisitions of Pinnacle, Margaritaville, and Greektown, which increased gaming expenses by a combined $726.0 million and food, beverage, hotel and other expenses by a combined $242.8 million.
Gaming, food, beverage, hotel and other expenses for the year ended December 31, 2018 increased year over year primarily as a result of the Pinnacle Acquisition, which increased gaming expenses by $162.6 million and food, beverage, hotel and other expenses by $56.9 million. The adoption of ASC 606 had the effect of decreasing food, beverage, hotel and other expenses by $37.3 million. Gaming, food, beverage, hotel and other expenses increased for the year ended December 31, 2017, as compared to the prior year, as a result of the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica, Resorts Casino Tunica and the VGT route operators by Prairie State Gaming.
General and administrative expenses include items such as compliance, facility maintenance, utilities, property and liability insurance, surveillance and security, and certain housekeeping services, as well as all expenses for administrative departments such as accounting, purchasing, human resources, legal and internal audit. General and administrative expenses also include lobbying expenses, gains and losses on disposal of assets, changes in the fair value of our contingent purchase price obligations, expense associated with cash-settled stockstock-based awards (including changes in fair value thereto) and rent expense associated with our triple net operating leases.
General and administrative expenses for the Meadows Lease.year ended December 31, 2019 increased year-over-year primarily as a result of a $362.6 million increase in the rent expense associated with our triple net operating leases, a $229.8 million increase in general and administrative expenses associated with the acquired Pinnacle properties as well as the acquisitions of Margaritaville and Greektown, and a $20.4 million increase in the expense recognized on the Company’s cash-settled stock-based awards, which is primarily the result of an increase in the fair value of the awards year-over-year. These increases were offset by a decrease in pre-opening and acquisition costs of $72.7 million, which was principally driven by severance and professional service fees incurred in the prior year from the Pinnacle Acquisition.
General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2018 increased year over yearyear-over-year primarily as a result of an increase in pre-opening and acquisition costs of $85.3 million, which principally relatesrelated to severance and professional service fees incurred as a result of the Pinnacle Acquisition, and $62.3 million of general and administrative expenses associated with the acquired Pinnacle operations.properties. These increases arewere partially offset by a $28.6 million decrease in the expense recognized on the Company’s cash-settled stockstock-based awards, which iswas primarily the result of thea decrease in the fair value of the awards year-over-year.
General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2017 increased year over year primarily due to higher cash-settled stock-based compensation charges of $23.0 million from increases in Penn’s stock price during 2017 compared to 2016, higher bonus accrual expense of $3.5 million due to the Company’s better overall performance against its budget, higher outside services and legal fees of $9.4 million due to development and acquisition costs and a full year of operations of Rocket Speed, which was acquired on August 1, 2016, partially offset by a $22.2 million benefit from a buy-out of the contingent purchase price for Rocket Speed.
Reimbursable management costs relate to operating costs related toof Casino Rama whichand Hollywood Casino-Jamul San Diego. The decrease for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to the prior year, is located in Ontario, Canada,due to the terminations of our Casino Rama and Hollywood Casino-Jamul San Diego which is located on the Jamul Tribe’s trust landmanagement contracts in San Diego, California. Our management contract with Hollywood Casino-Jamul San Diego terminated in the second quarterJuly 2018 and our management contract with Casino Rama terminated in the third quarter 2018.May 2018, respectively. The increase for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior year, is athe result of the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018, which required the Company to record reimbursable management costs on thea gross basis as opposed to thea net basis. The impact with respect to our Casino Rama management contract resultedbasis, resulting in the recognition of $46.8 million of reimbursable management costs of $46.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2019 increased year over year due primarily to an increase of $118.8 million pertaining to the acquired Pinnacle properties and the acquisitions of Margaritaville and Greektown, which contributed a combined $17.1 million to the year ended December 31, 2019, partially offset by a $3.6 million decrease in amortization expense at Penn Interactive. In addition, the year ended December 31, 2019 includes $7.9 million of amortization on finance lease right-of-use assets. Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2018 increased year over year due to the Pinnacle Acquisition, which contributed $38.6 million, partially offset by decreases at the majority of our existing properties due to assets becoming fully depreciated and a decrease in amortization expense at PIV. Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2017 decreased year over year primarily due to decreases at the majority of our properties due to assets becoming fully depreciated, partially offset by the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino and Resorts Casino Tunica, increased amortization from a full year of operations at Rocket Speed and the acquisitions of the assets of four small VGT route operators by Prairie State Gaming since the fourth quarter 2016.Penn Interactive.
Provision for loan loss and unfunded loan commitments to the Jamul Indian Village Development Corporation (“JIVDC”), net of recoveries, and impairment losses for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 include a recovery of $17.0 million and a provision of $89.8 million, respectively. Impairment losses for the year ended December 31, 2019 primarily relate to impairments taken on our goodwill and other intangible assets of $88.0 million and $82.6 million, respectively, as a result of our annual impairment assessment. Impairment losses for the year ended December 31, 2018 primarily relatesrelated to an impairment on the property and equipment of our Resorts Casino Tunica facility of $34.3 million, principally relating to the real estate assets subject to the Penn Master Lease. Impairment losses for the year ended December 31, 2017 relatesrelated to aan impairment taken on our goodwill impairment charge of $18.0 million relating to Tropicana Las Vegas and Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club.
Recoveries on loan loss and unfunded loan commitments for the year ended December 31, 2018 related to the sale of the Company’s outstanding rights and obligations under its previous term loan C facility, including future unfunded commitments, with Jamul Indian Village Development Corporation (“JIVDC”), resulting in a recovery of $17.0 million. Provision for loan loss and unfunded loan commitments for the year ended December 31, 2017 related to a provision recorded of $64.0 million pertaining to the previous term loan C facility, a reserve for unfunded loan commitments of $22.0 million, and a charge of $3.8 million related to certain advances made to the JIVDC.
Other income (expenses)
The following table presents our consolidated other income (expenses):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 |
| Other income (expenses) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Interest expense | $ | (539.4 | ) | | $ | (466.8 | ) | | $ | (459.2 | ) | | $ | (72.6 | ) | | $ | (7.6 | ) | | 15.6 | % | | 1.7 | % |
| Interest income | $ | 1.0 |
| | $ | 3.6 |
| | $ | 24.2 |
| | $ | (2.6 | ) | | $ | (20.6 | ) | | (72.2 | )% | | (85.1 | )% |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | $ | 22.3 |
| | $ | 18.7 |
| | $ | 14.3 |
| | $ | 3.6 |
| | $ | 4.4 |
| | 19.3 | % | | 30.8 | % |
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | $ | (21.0 | ) | | $ | (24.0 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | 3.0 |
| | $ | (24.0 | ) | | (12.5 | )% | | N/C |
| Income tax benefit (expense) | $ | 3.6 |
| | $ | 498.5 |
| | $ | (11.3 | ) | | $ | (494.9 | ) | | $ | 509.8 |
| | (99.3 | )% | | N/M |
| Other | $ | (7.1 | ) | | $ | (2.3 | ) | | $ | (1.7 | ) | | $ | (4.8 | ) | | $ | (0.6 | ) | | 208.7 | % | | 35.3 | % |
N/C - Not calculable |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 |
| Other income (expenses) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Interest expense, net | $ | (534.2 | ) | | $ | (538.4 | ) | | $ | (463.2 | ) | | $ | 4.2 |
| | $ | (75.2 | ) | | (0.8 | )% | | 16.2 | % |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | $ | 28.4 |
| | $ | 22.3 |
| | $ | 18.7 |
| | $ | 6.1 |
| | $ | 3.6 |
| | 27.4 | % | | 19.3 | % |
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | $ | — |
| | $ | (21.0 | ) | | $ | (24.0 | ) | | $ | 21.0 |
| | $ | 3.0 |
| | (100.0 | )% | | (12.5 | )% |
| Income tax benefit (expense) | $ | (43.0 | ) | | $ | 3.6 |
| | $ | 498.5 |
| | $ | (46.6 | ) | | $ | (494.9 | ) | | N/M | | (99.3 | )% |
| Other | $ | 20.0 |
| | $ | (7.1 | ) | | $ | (2.3 | ) | | $ | 27.1 |
| | $ | (4.8 | ) | | N/M | | 208.7 | % |
N/M - Not meaningful
Interest expense, net decreased for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to the prior year, due to the adoption of ASC 842, which resulted in certain components (primarily land) of the Penn Master Lease to be classified as operating leases (recorded to rent expense) rather than financing obligations (recorded to interest expense) in the prior year (resulting in a decrease in interest expense associated with the Penn Master Lease of $181.2 million). This decrease was largely offset by a $126.0 million increase in interest expense associated with the Pinnacle Master Lease and an increase of $50.8 million associated with our long-term debt, pertaining to the fact that the Company had more long-term debt outstanding during the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the prior year, which was primarily the result of financing our acquisitions.
Interest expense, net increased for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to the Pinnacle Master Lease, which contributed $63.0 million to the year ended December 31, 2018. Interest expense associated with the Penn Master Lease also increased as a result of the inclusion of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica into the lease beginning May 2017 and the incurrence of rent escalators. Lastly, interest expense incurred on long-term debt increased by $7.1 million, pertaining to the fact that the Company had more long-term debt outstanding during the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to the prior year, which was primarily the result of financing the acquisition of Pinnacle.
Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 increased as compared to the prior year primarily as a result of higher interest payments on the Penn Master Lease financing obligation due to the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica and the incurrence of rent escalators. In addition, interest expense incurred on long-term debt increased by $2.8 million due to the higher principal outstanding on the 5.625% Notes than the 5.875% Notes, partially offset by lower borrowings outstanding and lower interest rates on our Revolving Credit Facility, when comparing the year ended December 31, 2017 to the prior year. See the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section below for the definitions of the 5.875% Notes, the 5.625% Notes and Revolving Credit Facility.Interest incomedecreased for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 as compared to the corresponding prior years due to lower interest accrued on the loan to the JIVDC as a result of its refinancing on October 20, 2016 and the purchase agreement entered into by the Company on May 25, 2018 to sell all of the Company’s outstanding rights and obligations under the term loan C and the JIVDC commitments.Pinnacle Acquisition.
Income from unconsolidated affiliates relates principally to our joint venture in Kansas Entertainment.Entertainment, LLC (“Kansas Entertainment”), which owns Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway. The increasesincrease for the yearsyear ended December 31, 2019, as compared to the prior year, was principally attributable to Kansas Entertainment reaching a settlement pertaining to prior years’ property tax assessments, which will result in credits to be applied against future property tax assessments. The increase for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 as compared to the corresponding prior years wereyear was attributable to improved operating results of Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway.
Loss on early extinguishment of debt for the year ended December 31, 2018 related to the write-offs of previously unamortized debt financing transactions relating to the Pinnacle Acquisition andissuance costs in connection with principal paymentsprepayments on theour Term Loan B Facility (as defined in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section below); which was repaid in both cases,full during the losses included the write-offfourth quarter of previously unamortized debt issuance costs.2018. Loss on early extinguishment of debt for the year ended December 31, 2017 related to the Company’s early redemption of its $300our $300.0 million 5.875% Notes and was primarily caused by thesenior subordinated notes, principally pertaining to a premium paid byupon redemption. There were no principal prepayments of our long-term debt during the Company to redeem the 5.875% Notes prior to maturity.year ended December 31, 2019. Income tax benefit (expense) was $3.6increased by $46.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, as compared to income tax benefit of $498.5 million in the prior year, period. Our effective tax rate was (4.0)%and decreased by $494.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior year. Our effective tax rate was 49.9% for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to (4.0)% for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 1,990.6% for the year ended December 31, 2017. The Company’s effective tax rate infor the current year is lowerended December 31, 2019 was higher than the federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily driven by the effect of the non-deductible goodwill impairment charge, non-deductible officers’ compensation, and higher state taxable income from operations. Our effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2018 was lower than the federal statutory tax rate primarily due to the effectrelease of permanent items such as stock compensation and tax credits, as well as the decrease in our federala partial valuation allowance during the year attributable to the recognition of aon our capital loss carryforward that offsetwe recognized in the capital gain realizedamount of $22.4 million from the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback. The Company’s effective tax ratesrate for boththe year ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 are not correlatedwas higher than the federal statutory tax rate due principally to the amount of our income or loss before income taxes due to the impacteffects of the releasingTax Act (as defined and discussed below) and the release of our federal valuation allowance in 2017 and 2018 in the amount of $741.9 million and $18.3 million, respectively.(see Note 13, “Income Taxes,” in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements). For the year ended December 31, 2017, we recorded a provisional amount for certain enactment-date effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) by applying the guidance in SAB 118,, resulting in a net charge of $266.0 million included in theas income tax provisionexpense within the Consolidated Statements of OperationsIncome consisting of three components: (i) a $261.3 million charge due to the revaluation of the net deferred tax assets in the U.S. based on the new lower federal income tax rate, (ii) a $2.6 million charge related to the one-time mandatory repatriation tax on previously deferred earnings from our wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary (which we will pay interest-free over 8eight years) and (iii) a $2.1 million foreign withholding tax charge due to the new favorable U.S. treatment of foreign dividends whereby we have changed our indefinite reinvestment assertion. WhileDuring the year ended December 31, 2018, we believed the $266.0 million net charge represented a reasonable estimatefinalized our assessment of the income tax effects of the Tax Act, in our Consolidated Statements of Operations as of December 31, 2017, these amounts were considered provisional. As of December 31, 2018, the Company finalized its enactment date and measurement period adjustment from the Tax Act, resulting in ana $1.2 million increase to the 2017 provisional amount of $1.2 million.amount.
Our effective income tax rate can vary from period to periodperiod-to-period depending on, among other factors, the geographic and business mix of our earnings, changes to our valuation allowance, and the level of our tax credits. Certain of these and other factors, including our history and projections of pre-tax earnings, are considered in assessing our ability to realize our net deferred tax assets. For
Other includes miscellaneous income and expense items. The amount for the year ended December 31, 2018, we released a partial valuation allowance2019 principally relates to an unrealized holding gain of $19.9 million on equity securities (including warrants), which were acquired during the third quarter of 2019 in connection with Penn Interactive entering into multi-year agreements with sports betting operators for online sports betting and related iGaming market access across our capital loss carryforward that we subsequently recognized in the amount of $22.4 million from the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback. The Company continues to maintain a valuation allowance of $89.5 million as of December 31, 2018 for federal capital loss carryforwards, as well as certain state filing groups, where it continues to be in a cumulative three-year pretax loss position.
Other includes miscellaneous expense and (income) items.portfolio. The amount for the year ended December 31, 2018 principally relatesrelated to costs associated with the debt refinancing in connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition and foreign currency translation losses related to our Casino Rama management contract, which was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss upon termination of the contract. The amount forFor the year ended December 31, 2017, principally relates to costs associatedin connection with the January 2017 debt refinancing.repayment of the 2013 Senior Secured Credit Facilities (as defined in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below), we recorded $1.7 million in refinancing costs.
Segment comparison of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 20162017
| | | | For the Year Ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % / bps Change | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % / bps Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 (a) | | 2017 vs. 2016 | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 |
Revenues (a): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues (1): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 1,644.2 |
| | $ | 1,583.9 |
| | $ | 1,572.4 |
| | $ | 60.3 |
| | $ | 11.5 |
| | 3.8 | % | | 0.7 | % | $ | 2,117.1 |
| | $ | 1,644.2 |
| | $ | 1,583.9 |
| | $ | 472.9 |
| | $ | 60.3 |
| | 28.8 | % | | 3.8 | % |
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 194.6 |
| | 223.2 |
| | 220.4 |
| | (28.6 | ) | | 2.8 |
| | (12.8 | )% | | 1.3 | % | 282.8 |
| | 194.6 |
| | 223.2 |
| | 88.2 |
| | (28.6 | ) | | 45.3 | % | | (12.8 | )% |
| Management service and licensing fees | 5.9 |
| | 11.6 |
| | 11.3 |
| | (5.7 | ) | | 0.3 |
| | (49.1 | )% | | 2.7 | % | — |
| | 5.9 |
| | 11.6 |
| | (5.9 | ) | | (5.7 | ) | | (100.0 | )% | | (49.1 | )% |
| Reimbursable management costs | 46.8 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 46.8 |
| | — |
| | N/C | | N/C | — |
| | 46.8 |
| | — |
| | (46.8 | ) | | 46.8 |
| | (100.0 | )% | | N/C |
| | 1,891.5 |
| | 1,818.7 |
| | 1,804.1 |
| | 72.8 |
| | 14.6 |
| | 4.0 | % | | 0.8 | % | 2,399.9 |
| | 1,891.5 |
| | 1,818.7 |
| | 508.4 |
| | 72.8 |
| | 26.9 | % | | 4.0 | % |
| Less: Promotional allowances | — |
| | (62.1 | ) | | (62.3 | ) | | 62.1 |
| | 0.2 |
| | (100.0 | )% | | (0.3 | )% | — |
| | — |
| | (62.1 | ) | | — |
| | 62.1 |
| | — | | (100.0 | )% |
| Revenues | $ | 1,891.5 |
| | $ | 1,756.6 |
| | $ | 1,741.8 |
| | $ | 134.9 |
| | $ | 14.8 |
| | 7.7 | % | | 0.8 | % | |
| Total revenues | | $ | 2,399.9 |
| | $ | 1,891.5 |
| | $ | 1,756.6 |
| | $ | 508.4 |
| | $ | 134.9 |
| | 26.9 | % | | 7.7 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Operating income | $ | 514.3 |
| | $ | 451.1 |
| | $ | 437.8 |
| | $ | 63.2 |
| | $ | 13.3 |
| | 14.0 | % | | 3.0 | % | |
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 583.8 |
| | $ | 549.3 |
| | $ | 536.4 |
| | $ | 34.5 |
| | $ | 12.9 |
| | 6.3 | % | | 2.4 | % | $ | 720.8 |
| | $ | 583.8 |
| | $ | 549.3 |
| | $ | 137.0 |
| | $ | 34.5 |
| | 23.5 | % | | 6.3 | % |
| Operating income margin | 27.2 | % | | 25.7 | % | | 25.1 | % | | | | | | 150 bps | | 60 bps | |
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 30.9 | % | | 31.3 | % | | 30.8 | % | | | | | | (40) bps | | 50 bps | 30.0 | % | | 30.9 | % | | 31.3 | % | | | | | | (90) bps | | (40) bps |
N/C - Not calculable
(a) See footnote (a) to the consolidated revenues table above.
2018 compared to 2017
| |
| (1) | See footnote (1) to the consolidated revenues table above. |
The Northeast segment’s total revenues operating income and Adjusted EBITDAR for the year ended December 31, 20182019 benefited from the acquisitionfirst full year of Pinnacle in October 2018, which contributed a combined $99.1 millionoperations of revenues, $10.9 million of operating income and $17.6 million of Adjusted EBITDAR, from Ameristar East Chicago and Meadows Racetrack and Casino. Casino (“Meadows”), which were acquired in the Pinnacle Acquisition, resulting in increases year-over-year of $362.6 million and $82.2 million, respectively, and the acquisition of Greektown in May 2019, which contributed $195.9 million and $56.8 million, respectively.
Northeast segment operating results for the year ended December 31, 2019 also benefited from strong year-over-year performances at all four of our Ohio properties, which all individually grew Adjusted EBITDAR margin and, collectively, increased revenuetotal revenues by $18.5$23.5 million and Adjusted EBITDAR by $16.7$14.1 million. Increased competition, primarily Encore Boston Harbor in Eastern Massachusetts, which opened in June 2019, and to a lesser extent, MGM Springfield in Western Massachusetts, which opened in August 2018 and Tiverton Casino in Tiverton, Rhode Island, which is near the border of Massachusetts and opened in September 2018, negatively impacted Plainridge Park Casino, where total revenues decreased by $19.7 million and Adjusted EBITDAR decreased by $9.1 million. Contraction in Northeast segment Adjusted EBITDAR margin was primarily due to the new competition impacting Plainridge Park Casino and the addition of Meadows, Racetrack and Casino, where gaming taxes are unfavorable as compared to the majority of other jurisdictions included in this segment.
The Northeast segment’s total revenues and Adjusted EBITDAR for the year ended December 31, 2018 benefited from the acquisitions of Ameristar East Chicago and Meadows in October 2018, which contributed a combined $99.1 million of revenues and $17.6 million of Adjusted EBITDAR. Northeast segment operating results also benefited from strong year-over-year performances at all of our Ohio properties, which all individually grew Adjusted EBITDAR margin and, collectively, increased total revenues by $18.5 million and Adjusted EBITDAR by $16.7 million. Management servicesservice and licensing fees decreased due to the timing of cessation offact that the management services of Casino Rama whichmanagement contract was terminated in July 2018. Contraction in Northeast segment Adjusted EBITDAR margin was primarily due to the addition of Meadows, where gaming taxes are unfavorable as compared to the majority of other jurisdictions included in this segment.
In comparing the year ended duringDecember 31, 2018 to the third quarter 2018.
Theprior year, the adoption of ASC 606 had the effect of decreasing gaming revenues and food, beverage, hotel and other revenues by $54.8 million and $47.5 million, respectively, and increasing reimbursable management costs, which relaterelated to Casino Rama, by $46.8 million, of which $70.7 million related to promotional allowances, resulting in a net impact on Northeast segment total revenues of an increase of $15.2 million.
2017 compared to 2016
The Northeast segment’s revenues, operating income and Adjusted EBITDAR increased primarily due to year-over-year improvements in operating results at all four of our Ohio properties, which together increased revenues by $39.9 million, and gaming volume increase at Plainridge Park Casino, offset by a decrease in gaming volumes at Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races, principally caused by the opening of a new property in December 2016 within the Baltimore, Maryland market. Hollywood Casino Bangor’s operating results were also negatively impacted by the increased competition, but to a lesser degree.
| | | | For the Year Ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % / bps Change | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % / bps Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 (a) | | 2017 vs. 2016 | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 |
Revenues (a): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues (1): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 302.9 |
| | $ | 203.0 |
| | $ | 166.5 |
| | $ | 99.9 |
| | $ | 36.5 |
| | 49.2 | % | | 21.9 | % | $ | 831.1 |
| | $ | 302.9 |
| | $ | 203.0 |
| | $ | 528.2 |
| | $ | 99.9 |
| | 174.4 | % | | 49.2 | % |
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 91.5 |
| | 52.1 |
| | 45.2 |
| | 39.4 |
| | 6.9 |
| | 75.6 | % | | 15.3 | % | 287.8 |
| | 91.5 |
| | 52.1 |
| | 196.3 |
| | 39.4 |
| | 214.5 | % | | 75.6 | % |
| | 394.4 |
| | 255.1 |
| | 211.7 |
| | 139.3 |
| | 43.4 |
| | 54.6 | % | | 20.5 | % | 1,118.9 |
| | 394.4 |
| | 255.1 |
| | 724.5 |
| | 139.3 |
| | 183.7 | % | | 54.6 | % |
| Less: Promotional allowances | — |
| | (30.8 | ) | | (25.9 | ) | | 30.8 |
| | (4.9 | ) | | (100.0 | )% | | 18.9 | % | — |
| | — |
| | (30.8 | ) | | — |
| | 30.8 |
| | — | | (100.0 | )% |
| Revenues | $ | 394.4 |
| | $ | 224.3 |
| | $ | 185.8 |
| | $ | 170.1 |
| | $ | 38.5 |
| | 75.8 | % | | 20.7 | % | |
| Total revenues | | $ | 1,118.9 |
| | $ | 394.4 |
| | $ | 224.3 |
| | $ | 724.5 |
| | $ | 170.1 |
| | 183.7 | % | | 75.8 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Operating income | $ | 97.9 |
| | $ | 51.5 |
| | $ | 46.2 |
| | $ | 46.4 |
| | $ | 5.3 |
| | 90.1 | % | | 11.5 | % | |
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 118.9 |
| | $ | 62.6 |
| | $ | 56.1 |
| | $ | 56.3 |
| | $ | 6.5 |
| | 89.9 | % | | 11.6 | % | $ | 369.8 |
| | $ | 118.9 |
| | $ | 62.6 |
| | $ | 250.9 |
| | $ | 56.3 |
| | 211.0 | % | | 89.9 | % |
| Operating income margin | 24.8 | % | | 23.0 | % | | 24.9 | % | | | | | | 180 bps | | (190) bps | |
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 30.1 | % | | 27.9 | % | | 30.2 | % | | | | | | 220 bps | | (230) bps | 33.1 | % | | 30.1 | % | | 27.9 | % | | | | | | 300 bps | | 220 bps |
| |
| (1) | See footnote (1) to the consolidated revenues table above. |
(a) See footnote (a) to the consolidated revenues table above.
Beginning in the first quarter 2019, the operating results of the South segment will include Margaritaville Resort Casino, which was acquired on January 1, 2019, and concluded to be part of the South segment by management.
2018 compared to 2017
The South segment’s total revenues operating income, and Adjusted EBITDAR for the year ended December 31, 20182019 benefited from the acquisitionfirst full year of Pinnacle in October 2018, which contributed a combined $151.6 millionoperations of revenues, $37.5 million of operating income and $45.8 million of Adjusted EBITDAR, from Ameristar Vicksburg, Boomtown Bossier City, Boomtown New Orleans, L’Auberge Baton Rouge and L’Auberge Lake Charles.Charles, which were acquired in the Pinnacle Acquisition, resulting in increases of $572.3 million and $195.3 million, respectively, and the acquisition of Margaritaville in January 2019, which contributed $157.6 million and $51.7 million, respectively. The closure of Resorts Casino Tunica negatively impacted South segment total revenues by $12.7 million. Cost synergies generated from the Pinnacle Acquisition as well as operational efficiencies resulted in expansion in South segment Adjusted EBITDAR margin.
The South segment’s total revenues and Adjusted EBITDAR for the year ended December 31, 2018 benefited from the acquisitions of Ameristar Vicksburg, Boomtown Bossier City, Boomtown New Orleans, L’Auberge Baton Rouge and L’Auberge Lake Charles in October 2018, which contributed a combined $151.6 million of revenues and $45.8 million of Adjusted EBITDAR. In addition, as a result of the timing of the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino and Resorts Casino Tunica, which occurred in May 2017, total revenues operating income and Adjusted EBITDAR had increases of $22.3 million $6.0 million and $9.0 million, respectively. South segment operating income was negatively impacted by a $2.0 million impairment on the property and equipment (not subject to the Penn Master Lease) used in the operations of Resorts Casino Tunica. Primarily as a result of operational efficiencies, South segment operating income margin and Adjusted EBITDAR margin expanded.
TheIn comparing the year ended December 31, 2018 to the prior year, the adoption of ASC 606 had the effect of decreasing gaming revenues and food, beverage, hotel and other revenues by $53.4 million and $2.1 million, of which $55.3 million related to promotional allowances, resulting in a net impact on South segment total revenues of a decrease of $0.2 million.
2017 compared to 2016West Segment |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % / bps Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 |
Revenues (1): | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 374.3 |
| | $ | 228.0 |
| | $ | 219.7 |
| | $ | 146.3 |
| | $ | 8.3 |
| | 64.2 | % | | 3.8 | % |
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 268.2 |
| | 199.4 |
| | 177.4 |
| | 68.8 |
| | 22.0 |
| | 34.5 | % | | 12.4 | % |
| Reimbursable management costs | — |
| | 10.5 |
| | 26.1 |
| | (10.5 | ) | | (15.6 | ) | | (100.0 | )% | | (59.8 | )% |
| | 642.5 |
| | 437.9 |
| | 423.2 |
| | 204.6 |
| | 14.7 |
| | 46.7 | % | | 3.5 | % |
| Less: Promotional allowances | — |
| | — |
| | (42.8 | ) | | — |
| | 42.8 |
| | — | | (100.0 | )% |
| Total revenues | $ | 642.5 |
| | $ | 437.9 |
| | $ | 380.4 |
| | $ | 204.6 |
| | $ | 57.5 |
| | 46.7 | % | | 15.1 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 198.8 |
| | $ | 114.3 |
| | $ | 72.7 |
| | $ | 84.5 |
| | $ | 41.6 |
| | 73.9 | % | | 57.2 | % |
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 30.9 | % | | 26.1 | % | | 19.1 | % | | | | | | 480 bps | | 700 bps |
| |
| (1) | See footnote (1) to the consolidated revenues table above. |
The SouthWest segment’s total revenues operating income, and Adjusted EBITDAR for the year ended December 31, 2017,2019 benefited from the acquisitionsfirst full year of 1stoperations of Ameristar Black Hawk and the Jackpot Properties, which were acquired in the Pinnacle Acquisition, resulting in increases of $206.9 million and $84.2 million, respectively. The West segment operating results also benefited from strong year-over-year performance of Zia Park Casino, and Resorts Casino Tunica in May 2017, which contributed a combined $46.4 million of revenues, $6.0 million of operating income and $8.6 million of Adjusted EBITDAR. The benefit from the acquisitions was partially offset by decreasedexperienced gaming volume at Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast and Boomtown Biloxi, both of which were negatively impacted by Hurricane Nate in October 2017 and decreased gaming volume at Hollywood Casino Tunica.growth while achieving operational
efficiencies. Adjusted EBITDAR margin of the West Segmentsegment grew significantly, primarily as a result of the additions of Ameristar Black Hawk and the Jackpot Properties. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Year Ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % / bps Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 (a) | | 2017 vs. 2016 |
Revenues (a): | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 228.0 |
| | $ | 219.7 |
| | $ | 211.8 |
| | $ | 8.3 |
| | $ | 7.9 |
| | 3.8 | % | | 3.7 | % |
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 199.4 |
| | 177.4 |
| | 171.8 |
| | 22.0 |
| | 5.6 |
| | 12.4 | % | | 3.3 | % |
| Reimbursable management costs | 10.5 |
| | 26.1 |
| | 16.0 |
| | (15.6 | ) | | 10.1 |
| | (59.8 | )% | | 63.1 | % |
| | 437.9 |
| | 423.2 |
| | 399.6 |
| | 14.7 |
| | 23.6 |
| | 3.5 | % | | 5.9 | % |
| Less: Promotional allowances | — |
| | (42.8 | ) | | (38.8 | ) | | 42.8 |
| | (4.0 | ) | | (100.0 | )% | | 10.3 | % |
| Revenues | $ | 437.9 |
| | $ | 380.4 |
| | $ | 360.8 |
| | $ | 57.5 |
| | $ | 19.6 |
| | 15.1 | % | | 5.4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Operating income (loss) | $ | 106.5 |
| | $ | (57.3 | ) | | $ | 46.4 |
| | $ | 163.8 |
| | $ | (103.7 | ) | | N/M (b) | | N/M (b) |
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 114.3 |
| | $ | 72.7 |
| | $ | 72.5 |
| | $ | 41.6 |
| | $ | 0.2 |
| | 57.2 | % | | 0.3 | % |
| Operating income (loss) margin | 24.3 | % | | (15.1 | )% | | 12.9 | % | | | | | | N/M (b) | | N/M (b) |
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 26.1 | % | | 19.1 | % | | 20.1 | % | | | | | | 700 bps | | (100) bps |
N/M - Not meaningful
(a) See footnote (a)We expect that a large renovation and expansion at Monarch Casino, in Black Hawk, Colorado, which includes a 500-room hotel and a parking garage and is expected to be substantially complete in the first or second quarter of 2020, may initially have an adverse impact on the operating results of Ameristar Black Hawk due to the consolidated revenues table above.
| |
(b) | As a result of the recovery/provision of loan losses and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC as well as the impairment charges discussed below, the fluctuations in operating income (loss) and the associated margins are not comparable. |
2018 compared to 2017increased competition.
The West segment’s total revenues operating income, and Adjusted EBITDAR for the year ended December 31, 2018 benefited from the acquisitionacquisitions of PinnacleAmeristar Black Hawk and the Jackpot Properties in October 2018, which contributed a combined $53.8 million of revenues $18.5 million of operating income and $20.8 million of Adjusted EBITDAR, from Ameristar Black Hawk and the Jackpot Properties.EBITDAR. The West segment operating results also benefited from strong year-over-year performance of Tropicana Las Vegas, which experienced gaming volume growth while achieving operational efficiencies. Reimbursable management costs decreased due to the fact that the management contract with Hollywood Casino-Jamul San Diego terminated in May 2018. Adjusted EBITDAR margin of the West segment grew significantly, primarily as a result of the additionadditions of Ameristar Black Hawk and the Jackpot Properties as well as the gaming volume growth at Tropicana Las Vegas.
TheIn comparing the year ended December 31, 2018 to the prior year, the adoption of ASC 606 had the effect of decreasing gaming revenues and food, beverage, hotel and other revenues by $52.1 million and $8.3 million, respectively, of which $57.4 million related to promotional allowances, resulting in a net impact on West segment total revenues of a decrease of $3.0 million.
Reimbursable management costs decreased due to the cessation of the management services of Hollywood Casino-Jamul San Diego in May 2018. Operating incomeMidwest Segment |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % / bps Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 |
Revenues (1): | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 938.1 |
| | $ | 719.8 |
| | $ | 685.4 |
| | $ | 218.3 |
| | $ | 34.4 |
| | 30.3 | % | | 5.0 | % |
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 156.4 |
| | 103.9 |
| | 96.8 |
| | 52.5 |
| | 7.1 |
| | 50.5 | % | | 7.3 | % |
| | 1,094.5 |
| | 823.7 |
| | 782.2 |
| | 270.8 |
| | 41.5 |
| | 32.9 | % | | 5.3 | % |
| Less: Promotional allowances | — |
| | — |
| | (47.2 | ) | | — |
| | 47.2 |
| | — | | (100.0 | )% |
| Total revenues | $ | 1,094.5 |
| | $ | 823.7 |
| | $ | 735.0 |
| | $ | 270.8 |
| | $ | 88.7 |
| | 32.9 | % | | 12.1 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 403.6 |
| | $ | 294.3 |
| | $ | 249.7 |
| | $ | 109.3 |
| | $ | 44.6 |
| | 37.1 | % | | 17.9 | % |
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 36.9 | % | | 35.7 | % | | 34.0 | % | | | | | | 120 bps | | 170 bps |
| |
| (1) | See footnote (1) to the consolidated revenues table above. |
The Midwest segment’s total revenues and Adjusted EBITDAR for the year ended December 31, 20182019 benefited from a $17.0the first full year of operations of River City Casino and Ameristar Council Bluffs, which were acquired in the Pinnacle Acquisition, resulting in increases of $291.3 million recoveryand $111.3 million, respectively. Adverse winter weather during the first quarter of loan losses2019 and unfunded loan commitments.
2017 compared to 2016
The West segment’ssevere flooding during the second quarter of 2019 negatively impacted visitation at several of our properties within the Midwest segment, resulting in year-over-year declines in total revenues and Adjusted EBITDAR increased primarily as a result of gaming volume increases at Tropicana Las Vegas, M Resort and Zia Park, as the local economies showed year-over-year improvements. During the second quarter 2016, we refreshed the gaming floor at Tropicana Las Vegas with new slot machines and launched our Marquee Rewards player loyalty program at the property.
In addition, duringmajority of our existing properties for the year ended December 31, 2017, we made various incremental food2019. Despite challenges presented by the adverse weather and beverage offerings at Tropicana Las Vegas, most notably,flooding, a focus on cost containment, operational efficiencies, and the July 2017 openingadditions of celebrity chef, Robert Irvine’s, first signature Las Vegas restaurant, the Robert Irvine Public House, which contributed to year-over-year increases in foodAmeristar Council Bluffs and beverage revenues for the segment. In addition, reimbursable management costs increased due to the timing of the opening and commencement of management services of Hollywood Casino-Jamul San Diego, which started in October 2016. During the year ended December 31, 2017, we recorded provisions related to our investments and loans with the JIVDC of $89.8 million and a $14.8 million goodwill impairment charge pertaining to Tropicana Las Vegas, whichRiver City Casino resulted in an operating loss for the year.
West segmentincrease in Adjusted EBITDAR margin was negatively impacted by higher expenses at Tropicana Las Vegas due to increased marketing expenses and a favorable litigation settlement in the corresponding prior year period.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Year Ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % / bps Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 (a) | | 2017 vs. 2016 |
Revenues (a): | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 719.8 |
| | $ | 685.4 |
| | $ | 655.6 |
| | $ | 34.4 |
| | $ | 29.8 |
| | 5.0 | % | | 4.5 | % |
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 103.9 |
| | 96.8 |
| | 96.3 |
| | 7.1 |
| | 0.5 |
| | 7.3 | % | | 0.5 | % |
| | 823.7 |
| | 782.2 |
| | 751.9 |
| | 41.5 |
| | 30.3 |
| | 5.3 | % | | 4.0 | % |
| Less: Promotional allowances | — |
| | (47.2 | ) | | (47.6 | ) | | 47.2 |
| | 0.4 |
| | (100.0 | )% | | (0.8 | )% |
| Revenues | $ | 823.7 |
| | $ | 735.0 |
| | $ | 704.3 |
| | $ | 88.7 |
| | $ | 30.7 |
| | 12.1 | % | | 4.4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Operating income | $ | 233.5 |
| | $ | 191.3 |
| | $ | 182.9 |
| | $ | 42.2 |
| | $ | 8.4 |
| | 22.1 | % | | 4.6 | % |
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 294.3 |
| | $ | 249.7 |
| | $ | 239.9 |
| | $ | 44.6 |
| | $ | 9.8 |
| | 17.9 | % | | 4.1 | % |
| Operating income margin | 28.3 | % | | 26.0 | % | | 26.0 | % | | | | | | 230 bps | | 0 bps |
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 35.7 | % | | 34.0 | % | | 34.1 | % | | | | | | 170 bps | | (10) bps |
(a) See footnote (a) to the consolidated revenues table above.
2018 compared to 2017margin.
The Midwest segment’s total revenues operating income, and Adjusted EBITDAR for the year ended December 31, 2018 benefited from the acquisitionacquisitions of PinnacleRiver City Casino and Ameristar Council Bluffs in October 2018, which contributed $81.1 million $25.3 million and $28.8 million, respectively, from River City Casino and Ameristar Council Bluffs.respectively. In addition, the Midwest segment operating results benefited from strong year-over-year performances of Argosy Casino Riverside and Prairie State Gaming, where gaming volumes increased and total revenues increased by $18.5 million collectively. Additionally, operational efficiencies at Hollywood Casino St. Louis helped contribute to the year-over-year increase in Midwest segment Adjusted EBITDAR. The expansion in operating income margin was largely driven by River City Casino and Ameristar Council Bluffs whereas the expansion in Adjusted EBITDAR margin was largely driven by the performances of Argosy Casino Riverside, Prairie State Gaming and Hollywood Casino St. Louis.
TheIn comparing the year ended December 31, 2018 to the prior year, the adoption of ASC 606 had the effect of decreasing gaming revenues and food, beverage, hotel and other revenues by $45.8 million and $5.7 million, respectively, of which $52.7 million related to promotional allowances, resulting in a net impact on Midwest segment total revenues of an increase of $1.2 million.
2017 compared to 2016
The Midwest segment’sOther
Total revenues operating income, and Adjusted EBITDAR of the Other category were $47.5 million and $(87.8) million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2017 benefited from2019. Total revenues increased by $7.1 million for the acquisitionyear ended December 31, 2019, principally as a result of Penn Interactive, which began operating live sports betting at retail sportsbooks at our properties in Indiana, Iowa, and Pennsylvania, as well as an iCasino in Pennsylvania, during the assetsthird quarter of four small VGT route operators2019. Adjusted EBITDAR decreased by $19.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, principally as a result of an increase in Illinois by Prairie State Gaming sincecorporate overhead costs, largely attributable to payroll and other general and administrative costs associated with the fourth quarter 2016 and a strong performance at Argosy Casino Riverside, partially offset by the performance of Argosy Casino Alton, where visitation was impeded by flooding in May 2017.Pinnacle Acquisition.
Other
RevenuesTotal revenues and Adjusted EBITDAR of the Other category were $40.4 million and $(68.1) million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2018, representing year-over-year decreases year-over-year of $11.3 million and $12.9 million, respectively, principally as a result of PIVPenn Interactive operating results and an increase in corporate overhead costs, largely attributable to payroll and other general and administrative costs associated with Pinnacle.the Pinnacle Acquisition.
Revenues and Adjusted EBITDAR of the Other category were $51.7 million and $(55.2) million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2017, representing increases year-over-year of $10.0 million and $12.6 million, respectively, principally as a result of the timing of the acquisition of Rocket Speed by PIV, which was in August 2016, and a decrease in corporate overhead costs, largely attributable to cost containment efforts, which resulted in lower payroll and other general and administrative costs.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
DefinitionUse and Definitions
In addition to GAAP financial measures, management uses Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin, Adjusted EBITDAR and Adjusted EBITDAR margin as non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered a substitute for, nor superior to, financial results and measures determined or calculated in accordance with GAAP. Each of Adjusted EBITDARthese non-GAAP financial measures is not calculated in the same manner by all companies and, accordingly, may not be an appropriate measure of comparing performance among different companies.
We define Adjusted EBITDAREBITDA as earnings before interest expense, net; income and expense, income taxes,taxes; depreciation and amortization, rent expense associated with triple net operating leases, stock compensation,amortization; stock-based compensation; debt extinguishment and financing charges,charges; impairment charges,losses; insurance recoveries and deductible charges,charges; changes in the estimated fair value of our contingent purchase price obligations,obligations; gain or loss on disposal of assets, the difference between budget and actual expense for cash-settled stock-based awards,awards; pre-opening and acquisition costs,costs; and other income or expenses. Adjusted EBITDAREBITDA is also inclusive of income or loss from unconsolidated affiliates, with our share of non-operating items (such as depreciation and amortization) added back for our joint venture in Kansas Entertainment. Adjusted EBITDAR excludes payments associated with our Master Leases with GLPI as these leases are accounted for as financing obligations. As of December 31, 2018, the Company’s only triple net operating lease, for purposes of this definition was the Meadows Lease. However, beginning with the first quarter 2019, we expect that the Margaritaville Lease with VICI will be included in this definition. We define Adjusted EBITDAR margin as Adjusted EBITDAR divided by consolidated revenues and Adjusted EBITDAR margin by segment as Adjusted EBITDAR for each segment divided by segment revenues.
In the fourth quarter 2018, in connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition, we began utilizing Adjusted EBITDAR instead of Adjusted EBITDA. The difference between Adjusted EBITDAR and Adjusted EBITDA is the exclusioninclusive of rent expense associated with the Meadows Lease.
The Company is required to adopt ASC Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”), effective January 1, 2019. Our Master Leases were accounted for as financing obligations under the previous lease accounting literature because they were failed sale leasebacks due to certain continuing involvement provisions. The adoption of ASC 842 requires us to determine the classification (operating or financing) of each component contained within each of our Master Leases with our REIT landlords which will impact the initial valuation of the right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability at the January 1, 2019 adoption date as well as the subsequent expense recognition as either rent expense or interest expense within our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Because both interest expense andtriple net operating leases. Although Adjusted EBITDA includes rent expense associated with leases with our REIT landlords are excluded from the definition of Adjusted EBITDAR, we do not expect the adoption of ASC 842 to materially impact Adjusted EBITDAR. Additionally, we expect that the Meadows Lease and the Margaritaville Lease will be classified as operating leases under ASC 842.
In the first quarter 2018, we changed the definition of Adjusted EBITDA to exclude pre-opening and acquisition costs and the variance between budget and actual expense for cash-settled stock-based awards, which are required to be re-measured at fair market value at the end of each reporting period. We decided to exclude pre-opening and acquisition costs to more closely align the Company’s calculation of Adjusted EBITDA with our competitors. We decided to exclude both the favorable and unfavorable difference between the budgeted expense and actual expense for our cash-settled stock-based awards due to its non-operational nature. In connection with these changes, we have reclassified our prior period results, where applicable, to conform to the current period presentation.
Definition of Adjusted EBITDA, after Lease Payments
Adjusted EBITDA, after Lease Payments is defined as Adjusted EBITDAR less Lease Payments, which is defined as lease payments made to our REIT landlords under our triple net leases. As of December 31, 2018, the Company’s only REIT landlord under our triple netoperating leases, for purposes of this definition, was GLPI as it pertains to both the Master Leases and the Meadows Lease. However, beginning with the first quarter 2019, we expect that the Margaritaville Lease with VICI will be included in this definition. We do not expect the adoption of ASC 842 to materially impactbelieve Adjusted EBITDA after Lease Payments.
Useis useful as a supplemental measure in evaluating the performance of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to GAAP financial measures, Adjusted EBITDAR, Adjusted EBITDAR margin, andour consolidated results of operations. We define Adjusted EBITDA after Lease Payments, are usedmargin as Adjusted EBITDA divided by management as important measures of the Company’s operating performance. consolidated revenues.
Adjusted EBITDAREBITDA has economic substance because it is used by management as a performance measure to analyze the performance of our business, and is especially relevant in evaluating large, long-lived casino-hotel projects because it provides a perspective on the current effects of operating decisions separated from the substantial non-operational depreciation charges and financing costs of such projects. We also present Adjusted EBITDAR and Adjusted EBITDAR marginEBITDA because it is used by some investors and creditors as an indicator of the strength and performance of ongoing business operations, including our ability to service debt, and to fund capital expenditures, acquisitions and operations. These calculations are commonly used as a basis for investors, analysts and credit rating agencies to evaluate and compare operating performance and value companies within our
industry. In addition, other gaming companies also utilize Adjusted EBITDAR as a supplement to financial measures in accordance with GAAP. In order to view the operations of their casinos on a more stand-alone basis, gaming companies, including us, have historically excluded from their Adjusted EBITDAREBITDA calculations certain corporate expenses that do not relate to the management of specific casino properties. However, Adjusted EBITDAREBITDA is not a measure of performance or liquidity calculated in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDAREBITDA information is presented as a supplemental disclosure, as management believes that it is a commonly-used measure of performance in the gaming industry is used in the valuation of gaming companies, and that it is considered by many to be a key indicator of the Company’s operating results. In addition to using
We define Adjusted EBITDAR andas Adjusted EBITDA (as defined above) plus rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (which is a normal, recurring cash operating expense necessary to operate our business). Adjusted EBITDAR margin to measure the Company’s operating performanceis presented on a consolidated basis management usesoutside the financial statements solely as a valuation metric. Management believes that Adjusted EBITDAR is an additional metric traditionally used by analysts in valuing gaming companies subject to triple net leases since it eliminates the effects of variability in leasing methods and capital structures. This metric is included as supplemental disclosure because (i) we believe Adjusted EBITDAR margin as important measuresis traditionally used by gaming operator analysts and investors to determine the equity value of gaming operators and (ii) Adjusted EBITDAR is one of the operating performance of its segments, including the evaluation of operating personnel.
metrics used by other financial analysts in valuing our business. We believe Adjusted EBITDAR is useful for equity valuation purposes because (i) its calculation isolates the effects of financing real estate; and (ii) using a multiple of Adjusted EBITDAR to calculate enterprise value allows for an adjustment to the balance sheet to recognize estimated liabilities arising from operating leases related to real estate. However, Adjusted EBITDAR when presented on a consolidated basis is not a financial measure in accordance with
GAAP and should not be construedviewed as a measure of overall operating performance or considered in isolation or as an alternative to net income because it excludes the rent expense associated with our triple net operating leases and is provided for the limited purposes referenced herein.
Adjusted EBITDAR margin is defined as an indicator ofAdjusted EBITDAR on a consolidated basis divided by revenues on a consolidated basis. Adjusted EBITDAR margin is presented on a consolidated basis outside the Company’s operating performance, as an alternative to cash flows from operating activities,financial statements solely as a measure of liquidity, or as any other measure of performance determined in accordance with GAAP. The Company has significant uses of cash flows, including capital expenditures, interest payments, lease payments under our Master Leases and the Meadows Lease, taxes and debt principal repayments, which are not reflected in Adjusted EBITDAR. It should also be noted that other gaming companies that reportvaluation metric. We further define Adjusted EBITDAR information may calculatemargin by reportable segment as Adjusted EBITDAR in a different manner than the Company; and therefore, comparability may be limited.
Adjusted EBITDA, after Lease Payments is a measure we believe provides useful information to investors because it is an indicator of the performance of ongoing business operations after incorporating the cash flow impact of the Lease Payments to our REIT landlords. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA, after Lease Payments is one of the metrics that our management team is measured against for incentive-based compensation purposes.each segment divided by segment revenues.
Reconciliation of Non-GAAPGAAP Financial Measures to GAAPNon-GAAP Financial Measures
The following table includes a reconciliation of net income, which is determined in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted EBITDAREBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, after Lease Payments,EBITDAR, which are non-GAAP financial measures.measures, as well as related margins:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Net income | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
| | $ | 109.3 |
|
| Income tax expense (benefit) | (3.6 | ) | | (498.5 | ) | | 11.3 |
|
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | 21.0 |
| | 24.0 |
| | — |
|
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | (22.3 | ) | | (18.7 | ) | | (14.3 | ) |
| Interest income | (1.0 | ) | | (3.6 | ) | | (24.2 | ) |
| Interest expense | 539.4 |
| | 466.8 |
| | 459.2 |
|
| Other expense | 7.1 |
| | 2.3 |
| | 1.7 |
|
| Operating income | 634.1 |
| | 445.7 |
| | 543.0 |
|
Rent expense associated with triple net operating lease (1) | 3.8 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Charge for stock compensation (1) | 12.0 |
| | 7.8 |
| | 6.9 |
|
Cash-settled stock award variance (1)(2) | (19.6 | ) | | 23.4 |
| | (6.7 | ) |
Loss (gain) on disposal of assets (1) | 3.2 |
| | 0.2 |
| | (2.5 | ) |
Contingent purchase price (1)(3) | 0.5 |
| | (6.8 | ) | | 1.3 |
|
Pre-opening and acquisition costs (1)(4) | 95.0 |
| | 9.7 |
| | — |
|
Depreciation and amortization (5) | 269.0 |
| | 267.1 |
| | 271.2 |
|
Provision for loan loss and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC, net of recoveries, and impairment losses (5) | 17.9 |
| | 107.8 |
| | — |
|
Insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges (1) | (0.1 | ) | | (0.3 | ) | | (0.7 | ) |
Income from unconsolidated affiliates (5) | 22.3 |
| | 18.7 |
| | 14.3 |
|
Non-operating items for Kansas JV (6) | 5.1 |
| | 5.8 |
| | 10.3 |
|
Adjusted EBITDAR (7) | 1,043.2 |
| | 879.1 |
| | 837.1 |
|
Less: Lease Payments (8) | (537.4 | ) | | (455.4 | ) | | (442.3 | ) |
Adjusted EBITDA, after Lease Payments (7) | $ | 505.8 |
| | $ | 423.7 |
| | $ | 394.8 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (dollars in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Net income | $ | 43.1 |
| | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
|
| Income tax expense (benefit) | 43.0 |
| | (3.6 | ) | | (498.5 | ) |
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | — |
| | 21.0 |
| | 24.0 |
|
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | (28.4 | ) | | (22.3 | ) | | (18.7 | ) |
| Interest expense, net | 534.2 |
| | 538.4 |
| | 463.2 |
|
| Other expense (income) | (20.0 | ) | | 7.1 |
| | 2.3 |
|
| Operating income | 571.9 |
| | 634.1 |
| | 445.7 |
|
Stock-based compensation (1) | 14.9 |
| | 12.0 |
| | 7.8 |
|
Cash-settled stock-based award variance (1)(2) | 0.8 |
| | (19.6 | ) | | 23.4 |
|
Loss on disposal of assets (1) | 5.5 |
| | 3.2 |
| | 0.2 |
|
Contingent purchase price (1) | 7.0 |
| | 0.5 |
| | (6.8 | ) |
Pre-opening and acquisition costs (1) | 22.3 |
| | 95.0 |
| | 9.7 |
|
| Depreciation and amortization | 414.2 |
| | 269.0 |
| | 267.1 |
|
| Impairment losses | 173.1 |
| | 34.9 |
| | 18.0 |
|
| Provision for (recoveries on) loan loss and unfunded loan commitments | — |
| | (17.0 | ) | | 89.8 |
|
Insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges (1) | (3.0 | ) | | (0.1 | ) | | (0.3 | ) |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | 28.4 |
| | 22.3 |
| | 18.7 |
|
Non-operating items for Kansas JV (3) | 3.7 |
| | 5.1 |
| | 5.8 |
|
| Adjusted EBITDA | 1,238.8 |
| | 1,039.4 |
| | 879.1 |
|
Rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (1) | 366.4 |
| | 3.8 |
| | — |
|
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 1,605.2 |
| | $ | 1,043.2 |
| | $ | 879.1 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Net income margin | 0.8 | % | | 2.6 | % | | 15.0 | % |
| Adjusted EBITDA margin | 23.4 | % | | 29.0 | % | | 27.9 | % |
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 30.3 | % | | 29.1 | % | | 27.9 | % |
| |
(1)
(1) | These items are included in “General and administrative” within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. See discussion above for explanations of any significant variances in these items.Income. |
| |
| (2) | The favorableOur cash-settled stock-based awards are adjusted to fair value each reporting period based primarily on the price of the Company’s common stock. As such, significant fluctuations in the price of the Company’s common stock during any reporting period could cause significant variances to budget on cash-settled stock-based awards. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the price of the Company’s common stock increased, which resulted in an unfavorable variance between our budgeted and actual expense recorded associated with our cash-settled stock awards forto budget. During the year ended December 31, 2018, was the resultprice of the Company’s price of its common stock being lower during 2018 than 2017. The unfavorabledecreased, which resulted in a favorable variance between our budgeted and actual expense recorded associated with our cash-settled stock awards for the year ended December 31, 2017, was the result of the Company’s price of its common stock being higher during 2017 than 2016.to budget. |
| |
| (3) | The variances are principally caused by changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration associated with Plainridge Park Casino and Rocket Speed, which are largely driven by the properties’ actual and projected operating results. |
| |
(4) | The variances are principally the result of costs incurred by the Company relating to the Pinnacle Acquisition. |
| |
(5) | See discussion above for explanations of any significant variances in these items. |
| |
(6) | Consists principally of depreciation and amortization associated with the operations of Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway. |
| |
(7) | Adjusted EBITDAR and Adjusted EBITDA, after Lease Payments, increased for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior year, principally due to the Pinnacle Acquisition, which contributed $113.0 million and $37.1 million, respectively. |
| |
(8) | Lease Payments increased for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior year, principally due to the Pinnacle Master Lease and the Meadows Lease. For more detailed information related to our annual rent payments made to GLPI under our Master Leases, refer to the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section below. |
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Historically and prospectively, ourOur primary sources of liquidity and capital resources have been and will continue to be cash flow from operations, borrowings from banks and proceeds from the issuance of debt and equity securities. Our ongoing liquidity will depend on a number of factors, including available cash resources, cash flow from operations, acquisitions or investments, funding of construction for development projects, and our compliance with covenants contained under our debt agreements.
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % Change | For the year ended December 31, | | $ Change | | % Change |
| (dollars in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2017 vs. 2016 | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 | | 2019 vs. 2018 | | 2018 vs. 2017 |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 352.8 |
| | $ | 477.8 |
| | $ | 408.0 |
| | $ | (125.0 | ) | | $ | 69.8 |
| | (26.2 | )% | | 17.1 | % | $ | 703.9 |
| | $ | 352.8 |
| | $ | 477.8 |
| | $ | 351.1 |
| | $ | (125.0 | ) | | 99.5 | % | | (26.2 | )% |
| Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (1,423.1 | ) | | $ | (221.6 | ) | | $ | (79.3 | ) | | $ | (1,201.5 | ) | | $ | (142.3 | ) | | 542.2 | % | | 179.4 | % | $ | (607.5 | ) | | $ | (1,423.1 | ) | | $ | (221.6 | ) | | $ | 815.6 |
| | $ | (1,201.5 | ) | | (57.3 | )% | | 542.2 | % |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | $ | 1,272.1 |
| | $ | (207.0 | ) | | $ | (339.9 | ) | | $ | 1,479.1 |
| | $ | 132.9 |
| | N/M | | (39.1 | )% | $ | (122.4 | ) | | $ | 1,272.1 |
| | $ | (207.0 | ) | | $ | (1,394.5 | ) | | $ | 1,479.1 |
| | N/M | | N/M |
N/M - Not meaningful
Operating Cash Flow
The increase in net cash provided by operating activities of $351.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to the prior year, is primarily due to an increase in cash receipts from customers, offset by increases in cash paid to suppliers and vendors and cash paid to employees, all driven primarily by the acquisitions of Pinnacle, Margaritaville, and Greektown. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2019, we received an upfront payment of $12.5 million pursuant to a multi-year agreement with a sports betting operator for online sports betting and iGaming market access. Furthermore, net cash provided by operating activities was impacted by year-over-year increases in rent and interest payments made under our Triple Net Leases of $342.0 million, principally due to the Pinnacle Master Lease, and in interest payments made on long-term debt of $54.4 million, primarily due to the debt refinancing in October 2018, which increased our total long-term debt.
The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities of $125.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to the prior year, was primarily due to an increase in cash paid to suppliers and vendors of $346.6 million and an increase in cash paid to employees of $68.4 million, driven primarily by the Pinnacle Acquisition. Additionally, the decrease in net cash provided by operating activities was impacted by an increase in interest payments made onunder the Master Lease financing obligationsLeases of $66.1 million, associated largely with the Pinnacle Master Lease, andLease; an increase in interest payments made on long-term debt of $11.5 million, primarily due to the debt refinancing in October 2018, which increased our total long-term debt,debt; and an increase in income tax paid of $67.5 million. The decreases were partially offset by anOffsetting these items was a net increase in cash receipts from customers of $440.0 million, driven primarily by the Pinnacle Acquisition.
The increase in net cash provided by operating activities of $69.8 milliondue to the Pinnacle Acquisition.
Investing Cash Flow
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to the prior year, was2019 primarily due to an increase in cash receipts from customersconsisted of $109.2 million; the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunicathe operations of Margaritaville and Resorts Casino Tunica on May 1, 2017, Rocket Speed on August 1, 2016,Greektown for $109.1 million and four small acquisitions by Prairie State Gaming since the fourth quarter 2016;$289.2 million, respectively, both net of cash acquired, and an increase$190.6 million in income tax refundscapital expenditures, which principally consisted of $32.1 million, offset by an increase in cash paid to suppliers and vendorsmaintenance capital expenditures (see below). As a part of $37.6 million, primarily due to the acquisitions noted above, a reduction of $23.0 millionMargaritaville and Greektown, the Company entered into sale-leaseback transactions with VICI in interest income collections resulting from the refinancingamounts of the Jamul loan in October 2016, cash payments for the early extinguishment of debt of $18.0$261.1 million and an increase in cash paid to employees of $15.5 million.
Investing Cash Flow
The increase in$700.0 million, respectively, which had no net impact on net cash used in investing activities of $1,201.5for the year ended December 31, 2019. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2019, we paid $10.0 million for online and retail sports betting licenses in Pennsylvania. Capital expenditures increased year-over-year principally due to the Pinnacle Acquisition, which added twelve gaming properties.
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared toprimarily included the prior year, was primarily due to the acquisition of Pinnacle Acquisition of $1,945.2 million, net of cash acquired, offset partially by the cash received for the sale of the Divested Properties of $661.7 million. Additionally,In addition, during the increase in net cash used in investing activities was impacted by the purchasesyear ended December 31, 2018, we spent $92.6 million on capital expenditures, which principally consisted of maintenance capital expenditures, purchased two separate Category 4 gaming licenses in York County, Pennsylvania for $50.1 million and Berks County, Pennsylvania for $57.6$7.5 million, and the purchase of real money iGamingpurchased iCasino and sports betting licenses in Pennsylvania for $20.0 million.
The increase in netNet cash used in investing activities of $142.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year, was primarily due to the $273.9 million received from the refinancingconsisted of loans to the JIVDC in the prior year, cash payments of $42.5 million primarily related to the acquisitionacquisitions of 1stJackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica in the amount of $127.7 million and decreased proceeds related to the salecapital expenditures of assets held for sale$99.3 million, which principally consisted of $17.2 million primarily from the sale of Rosecroft Raceway inmaintenance capital expenditures.
2016. The increases were partially offset by a $183.3 million decrease in the loan to the JIVDC and $8.2 million of principal and interest collections applied against the nonaccrual loan to the JIVDC.
Capital Expenditures
Capital expenditures are accounted for as either project capital (new or expansions) or maintenance (replacement) capital expenditures. ProjectCash provided by operating activities as well as cash available under our Revolving Credit Facility funded our capital expenditures are for fixed asset additions that expand an existing facility or create a new facility. Maintenance capital expenditures are expenditures to replace existing fixed assets with a useful life greater than one year that are obsolete, worn out or no longer cost effective to repair. the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.
The following table summarizes our project capital expenditures by segment for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, and 2016:by segment:
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in millions) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Northeast | $ | 0.1 |
| | $ | 0.3 |
| | $ | 5.3 |
| $ | 25.1 |
| | $ | 0.1 |
| | $ | 0.3 |
|
| West | 2.5 |
| | 24.8 |
| | 13.4 |
| — |
| | 2.5 |
| | 24.8 |
|
| Other | 0.3 |
| | — |
| | — |
| — |
| | 0.3 |
| | — |
|
| Total | $ | 2.9 |
| | $ | 25.1 |
| | $ | 18.7 |
| $ | 25.1 |
| | $ | 2.9 |
| | $ | 25.1 |
|
During the year ended December 31, 2019, we spent $4.1 million and $21.0 million on our Hollywood Casino York and Hollywood Casino Morgantown development projects, respectively. Hollywood Casino York, which is located in the York Galleria Mall in Springettsbury Township, will represent an overall capital investment of approximately $120 million inclusive of the gaming license. Hollywood Casino Morgantown is being built on a previously vacant 36-acre site in Caernarvon Township with a capital investment of approximately $111 million inclusive of the gaming license. We anticipate that both of these projects will be complete by the end of 2020.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we made enhancements to Tropicana Las Vegas, including adding a celebrity chef restaurant, the Robert Irvine Public House, which opened on July 27, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we reconfigured the gaming floor with updated slot machines, altered game placements and refined the table game mix at Tropicana Las Vegas. Additionally, in April 2016, we integrated the property into our Marquee Rewards player loyalty program, enabling our regional gaming customers to redeem their loyalty reward points at the facility.
During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, we also spent $89.7 million, $74.2 million, and $78.5 million, respectively, on maintenance capital expenditures, including slot machines and slot machine equipment. During the year ended December 31, 2018, maintenance capital expenditures increased year over year partially due to the Pinnacle Acquisition, which added twelve gaming properties.
Cash provided by operating activities as well as cash available under our Revolving Credit Facility funded our capital projects and maintenance capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.
The following table summarizes our expected capital expenditures for the year ending December 31, 20192020 by segment: |
| | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Project | | Maintenance |
Northeast (1) | $ | 36.5 |
| | $ | 57.4 |
|
| South | — |
| | 35.2 |
|
| West | — |
| | 29.3 |
|
| Midwest | — |
| | 30.3 |
|
| Other | — |
| | 36.2 |
|
| Total | $ | 36.5 |
| | $ | 188.4 |
|
| |
(1) | Project capital expenditures includes $15.0 million for Hollywood Casino York and $21.5 million for Hollywood Casino Morgantown, which we currently expect to both be part of the Northeast segment. |
The development of Hollywood Casino York, our first Category 4 satellite casino, which will be located in the York Galleria Mall in Springettsbury Township will represent an overall capital investment of approximately $120 million inclusive of the gaming licenses. Hollywood Casino Morgantown, our second Category 4 satellite casino, will be built on a vacant 36-acre site in Caernarvon Township with a capital investment of approximately $111 million inclusive of the gaming licenses. We anticipate that both of these development projects will be complete by the end of 2020. |
| | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Project | | Maintenance |
| Northeast | $ | 125.8 |
| | $ | 64.3 |
|
| South | — |
| | 28.3 |
|
| West | — |
| | 16.1 |
|
| Midwest | — |
| | 32.6 |
|
| Other | — |
| | 57.2 |
|
| Total | $ | 125.8 |
| | $ | 198.5 |
|
Financing Cash Flow
Net cash providedused by financing activities was $1,272.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, and2019 consisted principally of higher net proceeds from ourrepayments of long-term debt fromof $18.6 million despite the October 2018 debt refinancing, which increased by $308.6borrowing associated with the acquisition of Greektown, $51.6 million when comparedof principal payments on our financing obligations, $6.2 million of principal payments on our finance leases, and $24.9 million in payments related to the prior year period. Additionally, the repaymentsrepurchase of our long-term debt decreased by $1,003.4 million in thecommon stock.
current year. The net cash provided by financing activities for year ended December 31, 2018 also included $250.0 million in cash received from the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback. The increases inNet cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 werewas largely driven by $1,149.8 million of net borrowings of long-term debt and $250.0 million in cash received from the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback, offset partially by a $9.6$67.4 million increase inof principal payments on the financialour financing obligations with GLPI, principally related to the assumption of the Pinnacle Master Lease, and a $25.2$50.0 million increase in payments relatingrelated to the repurchase of common stock, as comparedstock. The net borrowings of long-term debt is primarily due to the prior year.refinancing of our debt in conjunction with the Pinnacle Acquisition and the acquisition of Margaritaville on January 1, 2019.
Net cash used in financing activities was $207.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 and when compared to the prior year period, consistedwas largely driven by $162.1 million of higher net proceeds from our long-term debt from the January 2017 debt refinancing, which increased by $1,290.0 million, offset by higher repayments of long-term debt, which increased$57.8 million of principal payments on our financing obligations, $24.8 million in payments related to the repurchase of our common stock, $19.6 million of contingent purchase price payments, and the repayment of a loan used to acquire a previously-leased corporate airplane in the amount of $20.8 million, offset by $1,167.3 million. Additionally, we received $82.6 million in cash received from GLPI to finance the acquisitionssale of the real estate assets of 1stJackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica. These were partially offset by payments of $24.8 million relatingTunica to the repurchase of common stock, the buy-out of the contingent purchase price with Rocket Speed for $17.8 million, and the repayment of the corporate airplane loan for $20.8 million.GLPI.
Senior Secured Credit Facilities
As of December 31, 2018, the Company’s2019, our Senior Secured Credit Facilities (as defined below) had a gross outstanding balance of $1,948.4$1,929.8 million, consisting of a $707.7$672.3 million Term Loan A Facility, and a $1,128.7$1,117.5 million Term Loan B-1 Facility (as such terms are defined below), and a Revolving Credit Facility, which had $112.0$140.0 million drawn as of December 31, 2018.
2019. Additionally, as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, the Company had conditional obligations under letters of credit issued pursuant to the Senior Secured Credit Facilities with face amounts aggregating $30.0 million and $22.1 million, respectively,in both periods, resulting in $558.0$530.0 million and $677.9$558.0 million of available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility, respectively.
On October 30, 2013, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “2013 Credit Agreement”) providing for: (i) a five-year $500$500.0 million revolving credit facility (the “2013 Revolving Credit Facility”), (ii) a five-year $500$500.0 million term loan A facility (the “2013 Term Loan A Facility”) and (iii) a seven-year $250$250.0 million term loan B facility (the “2013 Term Loan B Facility” and collectively with the 2013 Revolving Credit Facility and the 2013 Term Loan A Facility, the “2013 Senior Secured Credit Facilities”). The 2013 Term Loan A Facility was priced at LIBOR plus a spread (ranging from 1.25% to 2.75%) based on the Company’s Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the 2013 Credit Agreement). The 2013 Term Loan B Facility was priced at LIBOR plus 2.50%, with a 0.75% LIBOR floor.
On April 28, 2015, the Company entered into an agreement to amend its 2013 Credit Agreement (the “Amended 2013 Credit Agreement”). In August 2015, the Amended 2013 Credit Agreement went into effect, which increased the capacity under the 2013 Revolving Credit Facility to $633.2 million and increased the 2013 Term Loan A Facility to $646.7 million. The Amended 2013 Credit Agreement did not impact the 2013 Term Loan B Facility.
On January 19, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement to amend and restate its Amended 2013 Credit Agreement (the “2017 Credit Agreement”), which provided for: (i) a five-year $700$700.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), a five-year $300$300.0 million term loan A facility (the “Term Loan A Facility”), and a seven-year $500$500.0 million Term Loan B facility (the “Term Loan B Facility” and collectively with the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan A Facility, the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”).
On October 15, 2018, in connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition, the Companywe entered into an incremental joinder agreement (the “Incremental Joinder”), which amended the 2017 Credit Agreement (the “Amended 2017 Credit Agreement”). The Incremental Joinder provided for an additional $430.2 million of incremental loans having the same terms as the existing Term Loan A Facility, with the exception of extending the maturity date, and an additional $1,128.8 million of loans as a new tranche having new terms (the “Term Loan B-1 Facility”). The proceeds resulting from the Incremental Joinder were used; together with cash on hand and proceeds received from (i) newly-issued shares of the Company’s common stock, (ii) the sale of the Divested Properties, to Boyd, (iii) the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback, and (iv) the sale of the real estate assets associated with Belterra Park to GLPI;Park; to (a) acquire all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Pinnacle, (b) repay in full Pinnacle’s existing senior secured credit facilities at the time of the acquisition, (c) redeem, repurchase, defease or satisfy and discharge in full Pinnacle’s outstanding 5.625% senior notes due 2024, (d) repay in full the Company’s outstanding borrowings under its Term Loan B Facility at the time of the acquisition, and (e) pay fees, costs and expenses associated with the foregoing. With the exception of extending the maturity date, the Incremental Joinder did not impact the Revolving Credit Facility.
The final maturity dates for the Term Loan A Facility and Term Loan B-1 Facility are October 19, 2023 and October 15, 2025, respectively. The applicable margin for the Term Loan A Facility ranges from 1.25% to 3.00% per annum for LIBOR loans and 0.25% to 2.00% per annum for base rate loans, in each case depending on the Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Amended 2017 Credit Agreement) as of the most recent fiscal quarter. The applicable margin for the Term Loan B-1 Facility is 2.25% per annum for LIBOR loans and 1.25% per annum for base rate loans. The Term Loan B-1 Facility is subject to a LIBOR “floor” of 0.75%. Prior to extinguishment, the applicable margin for the Term Loan B Facility was 2.50% per annum for LIBOR loans and 1.50% per annum for base rate loans. In addition, we pay a commitment fee on the unused portion of the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility at a rate that ranges from 0.20% to 0.50% per annum, depending on the Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio as of the most recent fiscal quarter.
The payment and performance of obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are guaranteed by a lien on and security interest in substantially all of the assets (other than excluded property, such as gaming licenses) of the Company and its subsidiaries.Company.
5.625% Senior Unsecured Notes
On January 19, 2017, the Company completed an offering of $400$400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.625% senior unsecured notes that mature on January 15, 2027 (the “5.625% Notes”) at a price of par. Interest on the 5.625% Notes is payable on January 15th and July 15th of each year. The 5.625% Notes are not guaranteed by any of the Company’s subsidiaries except in the event that the Company in the future issues certain subsidiary-guaranteed debt securities. The Company may redeem the 5.625% Notes at any time on or after January 15, 2022, at the declining redemption premiums set forth in the
indenture governing the 5.625% Notes, and, prior to January 15, 2022, at a “make-whole” redemption premium set forth in the indenture governing the 5.625% Notes. In addition, prior to January 15, 2020, the Company may redeem the 5.625% Notes with an amount equal to the net proceeds from one or more equity offerings, at a redemption price equal to 105.625% of the principal amount of the 5.625% Notes redeemed, together with accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date, so long as at least 60% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes originally issued under the indenture remains outstanding and such redemption occurs within 180 days of closing of the related equity offering.
The Company used a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the 5.625% Notes to retire all of its $300$300.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.875% senior subordinated notes due 2021 and, along with loans funded under the 2017 Credit Agreement, repay amounts outstanding under its Amended 2013 Credit Agreement, including to fund related transaction fees and expenses. The remaining proceeds from the issuance of the 5.625% Notes were used for general corporate purposes.
Master Lease Financing ObligationsTriple Net Leases
The majority of the gaming facilitiesreal estate assets used in the Company’s operations are subject to triple net master leases; the most significant of which are the Penn Master Lease and the Pinnacle Master Lease. TheSubsequent to the adoption of ASC 842, the Company’s Master Leases are accounted for as either operating leases, finance leases, or determined to continue to be financing obligations rather thanobligations. Prior to the adoption of ASC 842, all components contained within the Master Leases were accounted for as leases for accounting purposes. Underfinancing obligations. In addition, three of the gaming facilities used in our operations are subject to individual triple net master leases,leases. As previously mentioned, we refer to the Penn Master Lease, the Pinnacle Master Lease, the Margaritaville Lease, the Greektown Lease and the Meadows Lease, collectively, as our Triple Net Leases.
Under our Triple Net Leases, in addition to lease payments for the real estate assets, (i.e. land and buildings), the Company iswe are required to pay the following, among other things: (1) all facility maintenance; (2) all insurance required in connection with the leased properties and the business conducted on the leased properties; (3) taxes levied on or with respect to the leased properties (other than taxes on the income of the lessor); and (4) all utilities and other services necessary or appropriate for the leased properties and the business conducted on the leased properties.
Penn Master Lease
Pursuant to a triple net master lease with GLPI (the “Penn Master Lease”), which became effective November 1, 2013, the Company leases real estate assets associated with 2019 of the gaming facilities used in its operations. The Penn Master Lease has an initial term of 15 years with four subsequent, five-year renewal periods on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option.
The payment structure under the Penn Master Lease includes a fixed component, a portion of which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2%, depending on the Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Penn Master Lease) of 1.8:1, and a component that is based on the performance of the facilities,properties, which is prospectively adjusted (i) every five years by an amount equal to 4% of the average change in net revenues of all facilitiesproperties under the Penn Master Lease compared to a contractual baseline (other than Hollywood Casino Columbus and Hollywood Casino Toledo) compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding five years (“Penn Percentage Rent”) and (ii) monthly by an amount equal to 20% of the net revenues of Hollywood Casino Columbus and Hollywood Casino Toledo in excess of a contractual baseline.
In April 2014, we entered into an amendmentbaseline and subject to the Penn Master Lease in ordera rent floor specific to revise certain provisions relating to our Sioux City property. In accordance with that amendment, upon the cessation of gaming operations at ArgosyHollywood Casino Sioux City on July 30, 2014, due to the termination of its gaming license, the annual payment to GLPI was reduced by $6.2 million. In addition, with the openings of Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway and Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course in September 2014, our annual payment increased by $19 million, which approximated 10% of the real estate construction costs paid for by GLPI related to these facilities.
In connection with the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica in May 2017, the Company’s Penn Master Lease financing obligation increased by $82.6 million, which was the price paid by GLPI for the casinos’ underlying real estate assets.Toledo. As a result of the additionannual escalator, the fixed component of these two properties to the Penn Master Lease, the annual rent payment increased by $9.0 million.
The Company has incurred annual escalators under the Penn Master Lease, which resulted in increases to the Company’s annual payment of$5.5 million, $5.4 million and $2.4 million and $4.5 million commencing oneffective as of November 1, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016,2017, respectively. Additionally, effective November 1, 2018, the Penn Percentage Rent reset resulted in an annual rent reduction of $11.3 million, which will be in effect until the next Penn Percentage Rent reset, occurring on November 1, 2023.
Total lease payments under the Penn Master Lease were as follows: |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Reduction of financing obligation | $ | 60,061 |
| | $ | 57,859 |
| | $ | 50,548 |
|
| Interest expense attributable to financing obligation | 401,483 |
| | 397,580 |
| | 391,738 |
|
| Total lease payments under the Penn Master Lease | $ | 461,544 |
| | $ | 455,439 |
| | $ | 442,286 |
|
Pinnacle Master Lease
In connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition, the Company assumed a triple net master lease with GLPI (“Pinnacle Master Lease”), originally effective April 28, 2016 (“Pinnacle Master Lease”).2016. Concurrent with the closing of the Pinnacle Acquisition on October 15, 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to the Pinnacle Master Lease to, among other things, (i) remove Ameristar Casino Resort St. Charles, Ameristar Casino Hotel Kansas City and Belterra Casino Resort which were sold to Boyd, and (ii) add Plainridge Park Casino, whose real estate assets were sold to GLPI and concurrently leased back to the Company for a fixed annual rent of $25.0 million. Further, the rent payment under the Pinnacle Master Lease was increased by a fixed annual amount of $13.9 million to adjust the rent to reflect current market conditions. Reflecting this amendment, the Company leases real estate assets associated with twelve of the gaming facilities used in the Company’s operations from GLPI.
Upon assumption of the Pinnacle Master Lease, as amended, there were 7.5 years remaining of the initial 10-yearten-year term, with five subsequent, five-year renewal periods exercisable at the Company’s option. The payment structure under the Pinnacle Master Lease includes a fixed component, which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2%, depending on the Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Pinnacle Master Lease) of 1.8:1, and a component that is based on the performance of the facilities,properties, which is prospectively adjusted every two years by an amount equal to 4% of the average change in net revenues of all facilitiesproperties under the Pinnacle Master Lease compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding two years (“Pinnacle
Percentage Rent”). As a result of the annual escalator, effective as of May 1, 2019, the fixed component of rent increased by $1.0 million. The next Pinnacle Percentage Rent reset willis scheduled to occur effectiveon May 1, 2020.
TotalMeadows Lease, Margaritaville Lease, and Greektown Lease
In connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition, we assumed a triple net lease paymentsof the real estate assets used in the operations of Meadows (the “Meadows Lease”), originally effective September 9, 2016, with GLPI as the landlord. Upon assumption of the Meadows Lease, there were eight years remaining of the initial ten-year term, with three subsequent, five-year renewal options followed by one four-year renewal option on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The payment structure under the Pinnacle MasterMeadows Lease includes a fixed component (“Meadows Base Rent”), which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 5% for the initial term or until the lease year in which Meadows Base Rent plus Meadows Percentage Rent (as defined below) is a total of $31.0 million, subject to certain adjustments, and up to 2% thereafter, subject to an Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Meadows Lease) of 2.0:1. The “Meadows Percentage Rent” is based on performance, which is prospectively adjusted for the next two-year period equal to 4% of the average annual net revenues of the property during the trailing two-year period. As a result of the annual escalator, effective as of October 1, 2019, the Meadows Base Rent increased by $0.8 million. The next Meadows Percentage Rent reset is scheduled to occur on October 1, 2020.
In connection with the acquisition of Margaritaville, we entered into the Margaritaville Lease with VICI for the real estate assets used in the operations of Margaritaville. The Margaritaville Lease has an initial term of 15 years, with four subsequent five-year renewal options on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The payment structure under the Margaritaville Lease includes a fixed component (“Margaritaville Base Rent”), which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2% subject to an Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Margaritaville Lease) of 1.9:1, and a component that is based on performance, which is prospectively adjusted every two years by an amount equal to 4% of the average change in net revenues of the facility compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding two years (“Margaritaville Percentage Rent”). The first Margaritaville Percentage Rent reset is scheduled to occur on February 1, 2021. On February 1, 2020, the Margaritaville Lease was amended to provide for a change in the measurement of the annual escalator. Under the amendment, the Margaritaville Base Rent is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2% subject to a minimum ratio of net revenue to rent of 6.1:1.
In connection with the acquisition of Greektown, we entered into the Greektown Lease with VICI for the real estate assets used in the operations of Greektown. The Greektown Lease has an initial term of 15 years, with four subsequent five-year renewal options on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The payment structure under the Greektown Lease includes a fixed component (“Greektown Base Rent”), which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2% subject to an Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Greektown Lease) of 1.85:1, and a component that is based on performance, which is prospectively adjusted every two years by an amount equal to 4% of the average change in net revenues of the facility compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding two years (“Greektown Percentage Rent”). The first Greektown Percentage Rent reset is scheduled to occur on June 1, 2021.
Payments to our REIT Landlords under Triple Net Leases
Total payments made to our REIT Landlords, GLPI and VICI, were as follows:
|
| | | |
| (in thousands) | For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 |
| Reduction of financing obligation | $ | 7,351 |
|
| Interest expense attributable to financing obligation | 62,993 |
|
Total lease payments under the Pinnacle Master Lease (1) | $ | 70,344 |
|
| |
(1) | Includes $13.6 million pertaining to the period from October 15, 2018 through October 31, 2018, which was prepaid by Pinnacle. |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Penn Master Lease | $ | 457.9 |
| | $ | 461.5 |
| | $ | 455.4 |
|
| Pinnacle Master Lease | 328.6 |
| | 70.3 |
| | — |
|
| Meadows Lease | 26.4 |
| | 5.6 |
| | — |
|
| Margaritaville Lease | 23.1 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Greektown Lease | 33.8 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Total | $ | 869.8 |
| | $ | 537.4 |
| | $ | 455.4 |
|
Other Long-Term Obligations
Ohio Relocation Fees
As of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, other long-term obligations included $91.3$76.4 million and $105.4$91.3 million, respectively, related to the relocation fees for Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway and Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course.
Course, which opened in August 2014 and September 2014, respectively. In June 2013, the Companywe finalized the terms of its our
memorandum of understanding with the State of Ohio, which included an agreement by the Companyfor us to pay a relocation fee in return for being able to relocate itsour existing racetracks in Toledo and Grove City to Dayton and Mahoning Valley, respectively. Upon opening of these two racinos in Ohio in the third quarter 2014, theDayton and Mahoning Valley, each relocation fee for each new racino was recorded at the present value of the contractual obligation, which was calculated to beas $75.0 million based on the 5.0% discount rate included in the agreement. TheEach relocation fee for each facility is payable as follows: $7.5 million upon the opening of the facility and eighteen semi-annual payments of $4.8 million beginning one year from the commencement of operations. after opening.
Event Center
As of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, other long-term obligations included $13.2$12.6 million and $13.8$13.2 million, respectively, related to the repayment obligation of a hotel and event center located near Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg.
The City of Lawrenceburg Department of Redevelopment completed construction of a hotel and event center located less than a mile away from Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg.Lawrenceburg, which was constructed by the City of Lawrenceburg Department of Redevelopment. Effective in January 2015, by contractual agreement, we assumed a repayment obligation for the hotel and event center was assumed by a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company in the amount of $15.3 million, which was financed through a loan with the City of Lawrenceburg Department of Redevelopment, in exchange for conveyance of the property. TheBeginning in January 2016, the Company iswas obligated to make annual payments on the loan of $1.0 million for 20 years beginning January 2016.
Corporate Airplane Loan
On September 30, 2016, the Company acquired a previously-leased corporate airplane that was accounted for as a capital lease, which was financed through an amortizing loan at a fixed interest rate of 5.22% for a term of five years with monthly payments of $0.2 million and a balloon payment of $12.6 million at the end of the loan term. We repaid the loan in full on January 19, 2017.years.
Share Repurchase Programs
On February 3, 2017, the Company announced a share repurchase program pursuant to which the Board of Directors authorized to repurchase up to $100$100.0 million of the Company’s common stock, which expired on February 1, 2019. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company repurchased 2,299,498 and 1,264,149 shares, respectively, of its common stock in open market transactions for $50.0 million at an average price of $21.74 per share and $24.8 million at an average price of $19.59 per share, respectively.
On January 9, 2019, the Company announced a new share repurchase program pursuant to which the Board of Directors authorized to repurchase up to $200$200.0 million of the Company’s common stock. The new share repurchase program covers an authorization period of two years, expiring on December 31, 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company repurchased 1,271,823 shares of its common stock in open market transactions for $24.9 million at an average price of $19.55 per share.
Covenants
The Company’sOur Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 5.625% Notes require us, among other obligations, to maintain specified financial ratios and to satisfy certain financial tests, including the Maximum Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio, Maximum Consolidated Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio and Minimum Interest Coverage Ratio (as such terms are defined in our Amended 2017 Credit Agreement) as well as the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the indenture governing our 5.625% Notes.Notes). In addition, the Company’sour Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 5.625% Notes restrict, among other things, itsour ability to incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, amend debt instruments, pay dividends, create liens on assets, make investments, engage in mergers or consolidations, and otherwise restrict corporate activities. As of December 31, 2018,2019, the Company was in compliance with all required financial covenants.
Outlook
Based on our current level of operations, we believe that cash generated from operations and cash on hand, together with amounts available under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities, will be adequate to meet our anticipated obligations under our MasterTriple Net Leases, debt service requirements, capital expenditures and working capital needs for the foreseeable future. However, we cannot be certain that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations,operations; that the U.S. economy will continue to grow in 2019,2020; that our anticipated earnings projections will be realized,realized; that we will achieve the expected synergies in connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition,from our acquisitions, principally Pinnacle; or that future borrowings will be available under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities or otherwise will be available in the credit markets to enable us to service our indebtedness or to make anticipated capital expenditures. In addition, we expect a majority of our future growth to come from acquisitions of gaming properties at reasonable valuations,properties; further investment in retail sportsbooks, online sports betting, and iGaming; greenfield projects,projects; jurisdictional expansionsexpansions; and property expansion in under-penetrated markets. If we consummate significant acquisitions in the future, or undertake any significant property expansions, or make additional investments in Barstool Sports, our cash requirements may increase significantly and we may need to make additional borrowings or complete equity or debt financings to meet these requirements. Our future operating performance and our ability to service or refinance our debt will be subject to future economic conditions and to financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Capital Structure” within “Item 1A. Risk Factors,”of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of the risks related to our capital structure.
We have historically maintained a capital structure comprisingcomprised of a mix of equity and debt financing. We vary our leverage to pursue opportunities in the marketplace and in an effort to maximize our enterprise value for our shareholders. We expect to meet our debt obligations as they come due through internally generatedinternally-generated funds from operations and/or refinancing them through the debt or equity markets prior to their maturity.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND OTHER COMMITMENTS
Contractual Cash Obligations
As of December 31, 2018,2019, there was approximately $558.0$530.0 million available for borrowing under our Revolving Credit Facilities. The following table presents our contractual cash obligations atas of December 31, 2018:2019:
| | | | | | Payments Due By Period | | | Payments Due By Period |
| (in millions) | Total | | 2019 | | 2020-2021 | | 2022-2023 | | 2024 and After | Total | | 2020 | | 2021-2022 | | 2023-2024 | | 2025 and After |
| Senior Secured Credit Facilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Principal | $ | 1,948.4 |
| | $ | 46.7 |
| | $ | 111.0 |
| | $ | 718.4 |
| | $ | 1,072.3 |
| $ | 1,929.8 |
| | $ | 46.7 |
| | $ | 146.5 |
| | $ | 675.6 |
| | $ | 1,061.0 |
|
Interest (1) | 516.2 |
| | 94.9 |
| | 174.0 |
| | 154.5 |
| | 92.8 |
| 347.1 |
| | 71.7 |
| | 137.7 |
| | 103.9 |
| | 33.8 |
|
| 5.625% Notes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Principal | 400.0 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 400.0 |
| 400.0 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 400.0 |
|
| Interest | 189.1 |
| | 22.2 |
| | 44.5 |
| | 44.5 |
| | 77.9 |
| 168.8 |
| | 22.5 |
| | 45.0 |
| | 45.0 |
| | 56.3 |
|
| Purchase obligations | 97.2 |
| | 64.9 |
| | 26.7 |
| | 5.6 |
| | — |
| 126.4 |
| | 70.4 |
| | 29.1 |
| | 11.6 |
| | 15.3 |
|
Capital expenditure commitments (2) | 9.4 |
| | 9.4 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| 54.1 |
| | 54.1 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Capital leases | 0.4 |
| | — |
| | 0.3 |
| | 0.1 |
| | — |
| |
Operating leases (3) | | 10,160.1 |
| | 424.0 |
| | 804.3 |
| | 778.5 |
| | 8,153.3 |
|
Finance leases (3) | | 496.0 |
| | 21.7 |
| | 43.3 |
| | 37.5 |
| | 393.5 |
|
Financing obligations (3) | 20,024.4 |
| | 676.6 |
| | 1,300.3 |
| | 1,289.7 |
| | 16,757.8 |
| 11,114.5 |
| | 374.7 |
| | 734.6 |
| | 734.6 |
| | 9,270.6 |
|
| Operating leases | 446.0 |
| | 43.9 |
| | 71.0 |
| | 58.6 |
| | 272.5 |
| |
Ohio Payments (4) | 155.7 |
| | 33.2 |
| | 62.4 |
| | 50.5 |
| | 9.6 |
| |
Other liabilities reflected within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets (5) | 51.2 |
| | 40.9 |
| | 1.7 |
| | 0.6 |
| | 8.0 |
| |
Ohio relocation fees (4) | | 122.5 |
| | 31.2 |
| | 62.4 |
| | 28.9 |
| | — |
|
Other liabilities reflected within our Consolidated Balance Sheets (5) | | 26.4 |
| | 1.9 |
| | 3.1 |
| | 2.6 |
| | 18.8 |
|
| Total | $ | 23,838.0 |
| | $ | 1,032.7 |
| | $ | 1,791.9 |
| | $ | 2,322.5 |
| | $ | 18,690.9 |
| $ | 24,945.7 |
| | $ | 1,118.9 |
| | $ | 2,006.0 |
| | $ | 2,418.2 |
| | $ | 19,402.6 |
|
| |
| (1) | The interest rates associated with the variable rate components of our Senior Secured Credit Facilities are estimated based onusing the forward LIBOR curves plus the currentapplicable spread based on our current levels of indebtedness over LIBOR as of December 31, 2018.2019. The contractual amounts to be paid on our variable rate obligations are affected by changes in market interest rates and changes in our spreads, which are based on our leverage ratios. Future changes in such ratios will impact the contractual amounts to be paid. |
| |
| (2) | The Company anticipatesWe anticipate spending $224.9$324.3 million for future capital expenditures over the next year, of which the Company has beenwe are contractually committed to spend $9.4$54.1 million as of December 31, 2018.2019. Pursuant to each of our Triple Net Leases, we are obligated to spend a minimum of 1% of annual net revenues, in the aggregate under each lease, on the maintenance of such facilities. |
| |
| (3) | Reflects the undiscounted future minimum lease payments to GLPI over the terms of the Master Leases, including renewal options. The amounts above exclude contingent payments. See Note 11, “Leases,” in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements. |
| |
(4) | Thethe Company agreed to pay $110$110.0 million (of which $48.0$36.0 million remains to be paid) to the State of Ohio over ten years in return for certain clarifications from the State of Ohio with respect to various financial matters and limits on competition within the ten-year time period. This amount |
also includes the remaining portion of the relocation fees to be paid associated with our two facilities in Dayton and Mahoning Valley, Ohio. See Note 9, “Long-term Debt” in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. | |
| (5) | Represents liabilities associated with reward programs that can be redeemed for cash, free play or services and other long-term obligations. Does not include anyExcludes the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of $30.4$37.2 million, as the Companywe cannot make a reasonably reliable estimate of the period of cash settlement with the respective taxing authority.authorities. Additionally, it does not include an estimate of the payments associated with our contingent purchase price obligations of $19.0$17.5 million as it is not a fixed obligation. |
Other Commercial Commitments
The following table presents our material commercial commitments as of December 31, 2018 for the following future periods:2019:
| | | | | | Payments Due By Period | | | Payments Due By Period |
| (in millions) | Total | | 2019 | | 2020-2021 | | 2022-2023 | | 2024 and After | Total | | 2020 | | 2021-2022 | | 2023-2024 | | 2025 and After |
Letters of credit (1) | $ | 30.0 |
| | $ | 30.0 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| $ | 30.0 |
| | $ | 30.0 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Total | $ | 30.0 |
| | $ | 30.0 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| $ | 30.0 |
| | $ | 30.0 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| |
| (1) | The available balance under our Revolving Credit Facilities is reduced by outstanding letters of credit. |
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
For information on new accounting pronouncements and the impact of these pronouncements on our Consolidated Financial Statements, see Note 3, “New Accounting Pronouncements,” in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP. WeGAAP requires us to make certain judgments and use certain estimates and assumptions when applying accounting principles in the preparationjudgments that are subject to an inherent degree of our Consolidated Financial Statements.uncertainty. The nature of the estimates and assumptions are material due to the levels of subjectivity and judgment necessary to account for highly uncertain factors or the susceptibility of such factors to change. We have identified the accounting for long-lived assets, goodwillThe development and other intangible assets, income taxes, loans to the JIVDC, and the applicationselection of business combination accounting as critical accounting estimates, as they areand the most important torelated disclosures, have been reviewed with the Audit Committee of our financial statement presentation and require difficult, subjective and/or complex judgments.
Board of Directors. We believe the current assumptions and other considerations used to estimate amounts reflected in our Consolidated Financial Statements are appropriate. However, if actual experience differs from the assumptions and other considerations used in estimating amounts reflected in our Consolidated Financial Statements, the resulting changes could have a material adverse effect on our consolidatedfinancial condition, results of operations and in certain situations, could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition.
The development and selection of the critical accounting estimates, and the related disclosures, have been reviewed with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
Long-lived assets
As of December 31, 2018, the Company had a net property and equipment balance of $6,868.8 million within its Consolidated Balance Sheet, representing 62.7% of total assets. We depreciate property and equipment on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful lives are determined based on the nature of the assets as well as our current operating strategy. We review the carrying amount of our property and equipment for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable based on undiscounted estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. The factors considered by us in performing this assessment include current operating results, trends and prospects, as well as the effect of obsolescence, demand, competition and other economic factors. For purposes of recognizing and measuring impairment in accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment,” assets are grouped at the individual property level representing the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets. In assessing the recoverability of the carrying amount of property and equipment, we must make assumptions regarding future cash flows and other factors. If these estimates or the related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record an impairment loss for these assets. Such an impairment loss would be recognized as a non-cash component of operating income. flows.
Goodwill and other intangible assets
As of December 31, 2018,2019, the Company had $1,228.4$1,270.7 million in goodwill and $1,856.9$2,026.5 million in other intangible assets within its Consolidated Balance Sheet, representing 11.2%9.0% and 16.9%14.3% of total assets, respectively, resulting fromrespectively. The Company’s goodwill and other intangible assets are primarily the Company’s acquisitionresult of acquisitions of businesses and payments for gaming licenses. These intangible assets require significant management estimates and judgment pertaining to: (i) the valuation in connection with the initial purchase price allocation;allocations and (ii) the ongoing evaluation for impairment.
In connection with the Company’s acquisitions, valuations are completed to determine the allocation of the purchase price. The factors considered in the valuations include data gathered as a result of the Company’s due diligence in connection with the acquisitions, projections for future operations, and data obtained from third-party valuation specialists, as deemed appropriate. Goodwill represents the future economic benefits of a business combination measured as the excess purchase price over the fair market value of net assets acquired. Goodwill is tested annually, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. An
For the quantitative goodwill impairment test, an income approach, in which a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) model is utilized, and a market-based approach utilizingusing guideline public company (“GPC”) multiples of adjusted EBITDAearnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization from the Company’s peer group isare utilized in order to estimate the fair market value of the Company’s reporting units.
For the quantitative goodwill impairment test, the current fair value of each reporting unit is estimated using the combination of a discounted cash flow model and a GPC multiples approach which is then compared to the carrying amount of each reporting unit. The Company adjusts In determining the carrying amount of each reporting unit that utilizes property that isreal estate assets subject to the Master Lease by an allocation of aTriple Net Leases, if and as applicable, (i) the Company allocates each reporting unit their pro-rata portion of the GLPIright-of-use (“ROU”) assets, lease liabilities, and/or financing obligationobligations, and (ii) pushes down the carrying amount of the property and equipment subject to such leases. In general, as it pertains to the Master Leases, such amounts are allocated based on the reporting unit’s estimated fair valueprojected Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of the aggregate estimated fair valueAdjusted EBITDA of all reporting units that utilize property that is subject to either of the Master Lease.
Leases, as applicable. The Company compares the aggregate weighted average fair value of its reporting units to the carrying amount of its reporting units.amounts. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the aggregate weighted average fair value, an impairment is recorded equal to the amount of the excess not(not to exceed the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.unit).
In accordance with ASC 350, “Intangibles Goodwill and Other,” the Company considers itsWe consider our gaming licenses, trademarks, and certain other intangible assets as indefinite-lived intangible assets that do not require amortization based on the Company’sour future expectations to operate itsour gaming facilitiesproperties indefinitely (notwithstanding our experience in 2014 in Iowa which the Company concluded was an isolated incident and the first time in the Company’s history a gaming regulator has taken an action which could cause it to lose its gaming license) as well as itsour historical experience in renewing these intangible assets at minimal cost with various state commissions. Rather, these intangible assets are tested annually for impairment, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist, by comparing the fair value of the recorded assets to their carrying amount. If the carrying amounts of the indefinite lifeindefinite-lived intangible assets exceed their fair value, an impairment loss is recognized. The Company completes itsWe complete the testing of itsour indefinite-lived intangible assets prior to assessing the realizabilityour goodwill for impairment. Our annual goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment test is performed on October 1st of its goodwill.each year.
The Company assessedWe assess the fair value of its indefinite-lived intangible assets (which are primarilyour gaming licenses)licenses using the Greenfield Method under the income approach. The Greenfield Methodapproach, which estimates the fair value of the gaming license using a discounted cash flowDCF model assuming the Companywe built a new casino with similar utility to that of the existing facility.casino. The method assumes a theoretical start-up company going into business without any assets other than the intangible asset being valued. As such, the value of the gaming license is a function of the following items:assumptions:
Projected revenues and operating cash flows (including an allocation of the Company’s projected financing payments to its reporting units consistent with how the GLPI financing obligation is allocated)under any applicable Triple Net Lease);
TheoreticalEstimated construction costs and duration;
Pre-opening expenses;costs; and
Discounting that reflects the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows attributable to the license.
We assess the fair value of our trademarks using the relief-from-royalty method under the income approach. The principle behind this method is that the value of the trademark is equal to the present value of the after-tax royalty savings attributable to the owned trademark. As such, the value of the trademark is a function of the following assumptions:
Projected revenues;
Selection of an appropriate royalty rate to apply to projected revenues; and
Discounting that reflects the level of risk associated with the after-tax revenue stream associated with the trademark.
The evaluation of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets requires the use of estimates about future operating results of each reporting unit to determine the estimated fair value of the reporting unit and the indefinite livedindefinite-lived intangible assets. The Company must make various assumptions and estimates in performing its impairment testing. The implied fair value includes estimates of future cash flows (including an allocation of the Company’s projected financing obligation to its reporting units)payments under any applicable Triple Net Lease) that are based on reasonable and supportable assumptions which represent the Company’s best estimates of the cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets including their eventual disposition. Changes in estimates, increases in the Company’s cost of capital, reductions in transaction multiples, changes in operating and capital expenditure assumptions or application of alternative assumptions and definitions could produce significantly different results. Future cash flow estimates are, by their nature, subjective and actual results may differ materially from the Company’s estimates. If the Company’sour ongoing estimates of future cash flows are not met, the Companywe may have to record additional impairment charges in future accounting periods. The Company’sOur estimates of cash flows are based on the current regulatory and economic climates, recent operating information and budgets of the various properties where it conducts operations. These estimates could be negatively impacted by changes in federal, state or local regulations, economic downturns, or other events affecting the Company’sour properties.
Forecasted cash flows (based on the Company’sour annual operating plan as determined in the fourth quarter) can be significantly impacted by the local economy in which itsour reporting units operate. For example, increases in unemployment rates can result in decreased customer visitations and/or lower customer spend per visit. In addition, the impact of new legislation which approves gaming in nearby jurisdictions or further expands gaming in jurisdictions where the Company’sour reporting units currently operate can result in opportunities for the Companyus to expand itsour operations. However, it also has the impact of increasing competition for the Company’sour established properties which generally will have a negative effect on those locations’ profitability once competitors become established as a certain level of cannibalization occurs absent an overall increase in customer visitations. Additionally, increases in gaming taxes approved by state regulatory bodies can negatively impact forecasted cash flows.
Assumptions and estimates about future cash flow levels and multiples by individual reporting units are complex and subjective. They are sensitive to changes in underlying assumptions and can be affected by a variety of factors, including external factors, such as industry, geopolitical and economic trends, and internal factors, such as changes in the Company’s business strategy, which may reallocatere-allocate capital and resources to different or new opportunities which management believes will enhance its overall value but may be to the detriment of an individual reporting unit.
Consistent with prior years, the Company’s annual goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment test is performed on October 1st of each year and we believe at this time all of our reporting units with goodwill and other intangible assets are at risk to have impairment charges in future periods regardless of the margin by which the current fair value of our reporting units exceed their carrying amount and that such margin cannot and should not be relied upon to predict which properties are most at risk for future impairment charges. This is because the revenue and earnings streams in our industry can vary significantly based on various circumstances, which in many cases are outside of the Company’s control, and as such are extremely difficult to predict and quantify. We have disclosed several of these circumstances in the “Risk Factors” section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. For instance, changes in legislation that approves gaming in nearby jurisdictions, further expansion of gaming in jurisdictions where we currently operate, new state legislation that requires the implementation of smoking restrictions at our casinos or any other events outside of our control that make the customer experience less desirable.
Once an impairment of goodwill or other intangible asset has been recorded, it cannot be reversed. BecauseSince the Company’s goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, there may be volatility in reported net income or loss because impairment losses, if any, are likely to occur irregularly and in varying amounts. Intangible assets that have a definite life are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives or related service contract. The Company reviews the carrying amount of its amortizing intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of the amortizing intangible assets exceed their fair value, an impairment loss is recognized.
Revenue and earnings streams within our industry can vary significantly based on various circumstances, which in many cases are outside of the Company’s control, and as such are difficult to predict and quantify. We have disclosed several of these circumstances in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Circumstances include, for instance, changes in legislation that approves gaming in nearby jurisdictions, further expansion of gaming in jurisdictions where we currently operate, new state legislation that requires the implementation of smoking restrictions at our casinos or any other events outside of our control that make the customer experience less desirable. The Company’s remainingAs a result of our 2019 annual impairment test, we recognized impairments on our goodwill, bygaming licenses and trademarks, of $88.0 million, $62.6 million and $20.0 million, respectively. See Note 8, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements. Goodwill of reporting unitunits and gaming licenses and trademarks of properties recently acquired or impaired are particularly at-risk for future impairment given the fact that they are recorded at fair value as of December 31, 2018 wasthe date of acquisition or impairment. As of October 1, 2019, the date of the most recent annual impairment test, the reporting units with goodwill and the gaming licenses and trademarks associated with our properties with less than a substantial cushion, including a sensitivity analysis of the impact on the recorded amount of impairment losses, were as follows (in thousands):follows:
|
| | | | |
| Reporting Unit | | Goodwill |
| Hollywood Casino St. Louis | | $ | 211,883 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Aurora | | 210,007 |
|
| Argosy Casino Riverside | | 161,232 |
|
| Zia Park Casino | | 144,459 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg | | 68,189 |
|
| Penn Interactive Ventures | | 67,797 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Tunica | | 48,142 |
|
1st Jackpot and Resorts | | 36,529 |
|
| Prairie State Gaming | | 34,185 |
|
| Ameristar Black Hawk | | 33,731 |
|
| Ameristar Council Bluffs | | 31,400 |
|
| Boomtown Biloxi | | 24,565 |
|
| Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway | | 18,239 |
|
| Ameristar Vicksburg | | 16,900 |
|
| L’Auberge Lake Charles | | 13,000 |
|
| Argosy Casino Alton | | 11,863 |
|
| River City Casino | | 9,600 |
|
| Cactus Petes and Horseshu | | 8,900 |
|
| Ameristar East Chicago | | 8,800 |
|
| Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races | | 8,654 |
|
| Meadows Racetrack and Casino | | 7,400 |
|
| M Resort | | 6,700 |
|
| Plainridge Park Casino | | 6,252 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Columbus | | 6,200 |
|
| Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course | | 6,097 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Toledo | | 5,800 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Joliet | | 4,600 |
|
| Boomtown New Orleans | | 4,400 |
|
| L’Auberge Baton Rouge | | 3,100 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Bangor | | 3,000 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast | | 2,700 |
|
| Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course | | 2,200 |
|
| Boomtown Bossier City | | 1,300 |
|
| Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club | | 598 |
|
| Total | | $ | 1,228,422 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Increase in the Recorded Amount of Impairment Loss as a Result of: |
| (dollars in millions) | Carrying Amount | | Cushion | | Discount Rate +100 bps | | Terminal Growth Rate -50 bps |
| Goodwill | | | | | | | |
| Hollywood Casino Aurora | $ | 161.1 |
| | — | % | | $ | 14.0 |
| | $ | 5.9 |
|
| Margaritaville Resort Casino | $ | 40.5 |
| | 12.8 | % | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| | | | | | | | |
| Gaming licenses | | | | | | | |
| Ameristar East Chicago | $ | 115.5 |
| | — | % | | $ | 17.0 |
| | $ | 6.5 |
|
| Boomtown Bossier City | $ | 16.0 |
| | — | % | | $ | 3.5 |
| | $ | 1.5 |
|
| Boomtown New Orleans | $ | 101.5 |
| | 0.5 | % | | $ | 14.0 |
| | $ | 5.5 |
|
| L’Auberge Lake Charles | $ | 304.0 |
| | 22.5 | % | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Meadows Racetrack and Casino | $ | 158.5 |
| | — | % | | $ | 21.0 |
| | $ | 8.0 |
|
| River City Casino | $ | 226.5 |
| | 0.9 | % | | $ | 28.0 |
| | $ | 10.0 |
|
| | | | | | | | |
| Trademarks | | | | | | | |
| Ameristar Black Hawk | $ | 39.0 |
| | 6.4 | % | | $ | 2.0 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Ameristar Council Bluffs | $ | 32.5 |
| | — | % | | $ | 3.5 |
| | $ | 1.0 |
|
| Ameristar East Chicago | $ | 22.0 |
| | 6.8 | % | | $ | 1.0 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Ameristar Vicksburg | $ | 19.0 |
| | — | % | | $ | 2.0 |
| | $ | 0.5 |
|
| Boomtown Bossier City | $ | 5.0 |
| | — | % | | $ | 0.5 |
| | $ | 0.5 |
|
| L’Auberge Baton Rouge | $ | 20.0 |
| | — | % | | $ | 2.0 |
| | $ | 0.5 |
|
| Meadows Racetrack and Casino | $ | 30.0 |
| | — | % | | $ | 3.0 |
| | $ | 0.5 |
|
Income taxes
We account for income taxes in accordance withUnder ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). Under ASC 740,, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities and are measured at the prevailing enacted tax rates that will be in effect when these differences are settled or realized. ASC 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The realizability of the net deferred tax assets is evaluated quarterlyeach reporting period by assessing the valuation allowance and by adjusting the amount of the allowance, if necessary. WePursuant to ASC 740, in evaluating the more-likely-than-not standard, we consider all available positive and negative evidence including projected future taxable income and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. The evaluation of both positive and negative evidence is a requirement pursuant to ASC 740 in determining more-likely-than-not the net deferred tax assets will be realized. In the event the Company determines that the deferred income tax assets would be realized in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be recorded, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.
On November 1, 2013, as a result of the failed spin-off leaseback, the Company recorded a financing obligation of $3.5 billion pertaining to the leased real estate assets, which had a carrying amount of $2.0 billion, resulting in a substantial increase to our net deferred tax assets of $599.9 million. ASC 740 suggests that additional scrutiny should be given to deferred tax assets of an entity with cumulative pre-tax losses during the most recent three years. Positive evidence of sufficient quantity and
quality is required to overcome such significant negative evidence to conclude that a valuation allowance is not warranted. During the third quarter of 2017, the Companywe determined that a valuation allowance was no longer required against itsour federal net deferred tax assets for the portion that was expected to be realized due toupon the positive evidence outweighing the negative evidence (thereby, allowing the Company to achieveachievement of the “more-likely-than-not” realization standard).standard. As such, the Companywe released $741.9 million of itsour total valuation allowance during the year ended December 31, 2017.
Application of Business Combination Accounting
We allocate the business combination purchase price to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values. The excess of the purchase price over those fair values is recorded as goodwill.
Accounting for business combinations required our management to make significant estimates and assumptions, including our estimate of intangible assets, such as gaming licenses, trade names and loyalty programs. Although we believe the assumptions and estimates made have been reasonable and appropriate, they are inherently uncertain. For our gaming license valuation, our properties estimated future cash flows were the primary assumption in the respective intangible valuations. Cash flow estimates included assumptions regarding factors such as recent and budgeted operating performance, net win per unit (revenue), patron visits and growth percentages. The growth percentages were developed considering general macroeconomic conditions as well as competitive impacts from current and anticipated competition through a review of customer market data, operating margins, and current regulatory, social and economic climates. The most significant of the assumptions used in the valuations included: (1) revenue growth/decline percentages; (2) discount rates; (3) effective income tax rates; (4) future terminal values; and (5) capital expenditure assumptions. These assumptions were developed for each acquired property based on historical trends in the current competitive markets in which they operate, and projections of future performance and competition. The primary assumptions with respect to our tradenames and customer relationships were selecting the appropriate royalty rates and cost estimates for replacement cost analyses.
In addition, uncertain tax positions and tax related valuation allowances assumed in connection with a business combination are initially estimated as of the business combination date. We re-evaluate these items quarterly based upon facts and circumstances that existed as of the business combination date with any measurement period adjustments being recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustment amount is determined and offset against goodwill. Subsequent to the measurement period or our final determination of the tax allowance’s or contingency’s estimated value, whichever comes first, changes to these uncertain tax positions and tax related valuation allowances will affect our provision for income taxes within our Consolidated Statements of Operations and could have material impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Loan and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we recorded a provision for loan loss and reserves for unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC of $89.8 million within our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Our loan was impaired and as such the value was estimated based on the present value of expected future cash flows of the facility discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate in accordance with ASC 310, “Receivables.” The estimate used subjective assumptions such as, but not limited to, projected future earnings of the facility and potential proceeds, which could have been realized upon termination of our relationship with the Jamul Tribe. As of December 31, 2017, our loan to the JIVDC had a carrying amount of $20.9 million and an estimated fair value of $16.5 million.
On May 25, 2018, the Company entered into a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with the senior lender under the credit facility for the gaming facility to sell them all of the Company’s outstanding rights and obligations under the term loan C and the JIVDC commitments. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and related agreements, the Company received cash proceeds of $15.2 million from the sale and was relieved of all rights and obligations with respect to the JIVDC. The sale of the loan resulted in a recovery of loan losses and unfunded loan commitments of $17.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
For information with respect to new accounting pronouncements and the impact of these pronouncements on our Consolidated Financial Statements, see Note 4, “New Accounting Pronouncements,” in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
| |
| ITEM 7A. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK |
We are exposed to market risk from adverse changes in interest rates with respect to the short-term floating interest rate on borrowings under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities. As of December 31, 2019, the Company’s Senior Secured Credit Facilities had a gross outstanding balance of $1,929.8 million, consisting of a $672.3 million Term Loan A Facility, a $1,117.5 million Term Loan B-1 Facility, and a Revolving Credit Facility, which had $140.0 million drawn as of December 31, 2019.
The table below provides information as of December 31, 20182019 about our long-term debt obligations that are sensitive to changes in interest rates. The table presentsrates, including the notional amounts maturing during the yeartwelve month period presented and the related weighted-average interest rates by maturity dates. Notional amounts are used to calculate the contractual payments to be exchanged by maturity date and the weighted-average interest rates are based on the implied forward LIBOR as of December 31, 2018.
| | | (dollars in thousands) | 2019 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2023 | | Thereafter | | Total | | Fair Value | |
| (dollars in millions) | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | Thereafter | | Total | | Fair Value |
| Fixed rate | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 400,000 |
| | $ | 400,000 |
| | $ | 360,000 |
| $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 400.0 |
| | $ | 400.0 |
| | $ | 426.0 |
|
| Average interest rate |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| | 5.625 | % | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| | 5.625 | % | | | | |
| Variable rate | $ | 46,671 |
| | $ | 46,671 |
| | $ | 64,363 |
| | $ | 82,055 |
| | $ | 636,351 |
| | $ | 1,072,313 |
| | $ | 1,948,424 |
| | $ | 1,886,333 |
| $ | 46.7 |
| | $ | 64.4 |
| | $ | 82.1 |
| | $ | 664.3 |
| | $ | 11.3 |
| | $ | 1,061.0 |
| | $ | 1,929.8 |
| | $ | 1,930.6 |
|
Average interest rate (1) | 4.85 | % | | 4.6 | % | | 4.61 | % | | 4.62 | % | | 4.64 | % | | 4.92 | % | |
|
| | | 3.65 | % | | 3.66 | % | | 3.67 | % | | 3.70 | % | | 3.98 | % | | 4.04 | % | | | | |
| |
| (1) | Estimated rate, reflective of forward LIBOR December 31, 2019 plus the spread over LIBOR applicable to variable-rate borrowing. |
| |
| ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of
Penn National Gaming, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Penn National Gaming, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, the related consolidated statements of operations,income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows, for each of the twothree years in the period ended December 31, 2018,2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the twothree years in the period ended December 31, 2018,2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018,2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 28, 201927, 2020, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Change in Accounting Principle
As discussed in Note 43 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2018,2019, the Company adopted FASB Accounting Standards Update 2014-09,ASC Topic 842, Revenue From Contracts With CustomersLeases, using the modified retrospective approach.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company'sCompany’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Gaming License - Refer to Notes 2 and 8 to the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company’s gaming license indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested annually for impairment, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist, by comparing the fair value of the recorded assets to their carrying amount. The Company assesses the fair value of its gaming licenses using the Greenfield Method under the income approach, which estimates the fair value using a discounted cash flow model assuming the Company built a casino with similar utility to that of the existing casino. The key inputs in determining the fair value, among others, include projected revenue and operating cash flows
discounted to reflect the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows attributable to the licenses. Total gaming licenses were $1,681.9 million as of December 31, 2019, of which $115.5 million, $101.5 million, $304.0 million, $158.5 million and $226.5 million was allocated to Ameristar East Chicago, Boomtown New Orleans, L’Auberge Lake Charles, Meadows Racetrack and Casino, and River City Casino (the “properties”), respectively.
Auditing the fair value of the properties’ gaming licenses involved a high degree of subjectivity in evaluating whether management’s estimates and assumptions of projected revenue and operating cash flows and the selection of the discount rates used to derive the fair value were reasonable, including the need to involve our fair value specialists.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to forecasts of future revenue and operating cash flows and the determination of the discount rates used by management to estimate the fair value of the properties’ gaming licenses included the following, among others:
We tested the effectiveness of controls over determining the fair value of gaming licenses, including those over the forecasts of future revenue and operating cash flows and the selection of the discount rates.
We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast future revenues and operating cash flows by comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts.
We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s revenue and operating cash flow forecasts by comparing the forecasts to:
| |
| ◦ | Internal communications to management and the Board of Directors |
| |
| ◦ | Forecasted information included in the Company’s press release as well as in analyst and industry reports for the Company and certain of its peer companies |
| |
| ◦ | The impact of changes in the regulatory environment on management’s projections. |
With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the discount rates by:
| |
| ◦ | Testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rates and the mathematical accuracy of the calculations. |
| |
| ◦ | Developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the discount rates selected by management. |
Adoption of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”) for Master Leases - Refer to Notes 2, 3 and 11 to the financial statements (also see ASC 842 explanatory paragraph above)
Critical Audit Matter Description
On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 and recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings of $1,085.7 million. Under the provisions of ASC 842, the Company was required to evaluate its existing sale-leaseback transactions to determine whether a sale had occurred, and if a sale had occurred, to determine the classification (operating or finance) of each component contained within each of its Master Leases.
The Company assessed each Master Lease component and determined certain land components to be operating leases and certain building components to be financing obligations. The assessment of the classification of each component resulted in the (1) derecognition of certain property and equipment and financing obligations, (2) recognition of an operating lease liability and an operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) asset for the operating leases, and (3) continued recognition of the financing obligation utilizing the original assumptions as of the date the Company entered into or acquired each Master Lease. The Company also was required to evaluate the components contained within the build-to-suit arrangements, which resulted in the Dayton and Mahoning Valley lease components being classified as finance leases.
The significant complexity of the adoption of ASC 842, which resulted in a material adjustment to opening retained earnings, required significant auditor judgment with respect to evaluating the determination of lease classifications, interpretation of build-to-suit accounting guidance, and assessment of sale lease back accounting, including the need to involve professionals in our firm with expertise in lease accounting.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the adoption of ASC 842 for its Master Leases included the following, among others:
We tested the effectiveness of internal controls over the adoption of ASC 842, inclusive of controls over the evaluation of lease classifications and accounting conclusions.
With the assistance of professionals in our firm with expertise in lease accounting, we evaluated the appropriateness of the accounting conclusions, including;
| |
| ◦ | Build to suit and sale lease back transactions. |
We evaluated the financial statement impact of (i) the derecognition of the existing financing obligation and the carrying amount of the property and equipment that resulted in a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings, (ii) the recognition of an operating lease liability and an operating lease ROU asset primarily pertaining to the land component, and (iii) the recognition of a ROU asset and financing lease liability relating to certain leases which were previously considered build-to-suit leases.
We tested the leasing components contained within each of the Master Leases that were determined to continue to represent financing obligations (consisting primarily of the building components) at the adoption date, which resulted in the (i) continued recognition of the leased assets in “Property and equipment, net” within the financial statements and (ii) continued recognition of the financing obligation.
We tested the accuracy and completeness of contract terms and key assumptions utilized in key accounting determinations through comparison to the underlying lease contracts and supporting documentation.
|
|
| /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP |
| |
| Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
February 28, 201927, 2020 |
| |
| We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2017. |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board of Directors of and Shareholders of
Penn National Gaming, Inc. and Subsidiaries
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ deficit and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2016. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated results of operations and cash flows of Penn National Gaming, Inc. and Subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2016, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Penn National Gaming, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 24, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
|
|
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP |
|
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
February 24, 2017, except for the classification adjustments to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows related to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, described in Note 4, as to which the date is March 1, 2018, the classification adjustments to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows related to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-18 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash, described in Note 4, as to which the date is February 28, 2019 and the classification adjustments to reportable segment information included in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, described in Note 15, as to which the date is February 28, 2019.
PENN NATIONAL GAMING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| | | | December 31, | December 31, |
| (in thousands, except share and per share data) | 2018 | | 2017 | |
| (in millions, except share and per share data) | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Assets | | | | | | |
| Current assets | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 479,598 |
| | $ | 277,953 |
| $ | 437.4 |
| | $ | 479.6 |
|
| Receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $3,161 and $2,983 | 106,837 |
| | 62,805 |
| |
| Receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $7.7 and $3.2 | | 88.7 |
| | 106.8 |
|
| Prepaid expenses | 62,971 |
| | 43,780 |
| 76.7 |
| | 63.0 |
|
| Other current assets | 28,252 |
| | 16,494 |
| 40.0 |
| | 28.2 |
|
| Total current assets | 677,658 |
| | 401,032 |
| 642.8 |
| | 677.6 |
|
| Property and equipment, net | 6,868,768 |
| | 2,756,669 |
| 5,120.2 |
| | 6,868.8 |
|
| Other assets | | | | |
| Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates | 128,488 |
| | 148,912 |
| 128.3 |
| | 128.5 |
|
| Goodwill | 1,228,422 |
| | 1,008,097 |
| 1,270.7 |
| | 1,228.4 |
|
| Other intangible assets, net | 1,856,868 |
| | 422,606 |
| 2,026.5 |
| | 1,856.9 |
|
| Deferred income taxes | 80,612 |
| | 390,943 |
| — |
| | 80.6 |
|
| Loan to the JIVDC, net of allowance for loan losses of $0 and $64,052 | — |
| | 20,900 |
| |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | | 4,613.3 |
| | — |
|
| Finance lease right-of-use assets | | 224.0 |
| | — |
|
| Other assets | 120,196 |
| | 85,653 |
| 168.7 |
| | 120.2 |
|
| Total other assets | 3,414,586 |
| | 2,077,111 |
| |
| Total assets | $ | 10,961,012 |
| | $ | 5,234,812 |
| $ | 14,194.5 |
| | $ | 10,961.0 |
|
| | | | | | | |
| Liabilities | | | | | | |
| Current liabilities | | | | | | |
| Accounts payable | $ | 30,551 |
| | $ | 26,048 |
| $ | 40.3 |
| | $ | 30.5 |
|
| Accrued expenses | 204,656 |
| | 125,688 |
| |
| Accrued interest | 15,793 |
| | 13,528 |
| |
| Accrued salaries and wages | 139,159 |
| | 111,252 |
| |
| Gaming, pari-mutuel, property, and other taxes | 105,767 |
| | 69,645 |
| |
| Current maturities of long-term debt | 62,140 |
| | 35,612 |
| 62.9 |
| | 62.1 |
|
| Current portion of financing obligations | 67,777 |
| | 56,248 |
| 40.5 |
| | 67.8 |
|
| Other current liabilities | 112,593 |
| | 91,988 |
| |
| Current portion of operating lease liabilities | | 124.1 |
| | — |
|
| Current portion of finance lease liabilities | | 6.5 |
| | — |
|
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | | 631.3 |
| | 578.0 |
|
| Total current liabilities | 738,436 |
| | 530,009 |
| 905.6 |
| | 738.4 |
|
| Long-term debt, net of current maturities and debt issuance costs | 2,350,088 |
| | 1,214,625 |
| 2,322.2 |
| | 2,350.1 |
|
| Long-term financing obligations, net of current portion | 7,080,638 |
| | 3,482,573 |
| |
| Noncurrent tax liabilities | 32,360 |
| | 34,099 |
| |
| Other noncurrent liabilities | 28,269 |
| | 46,652 |
| |
| Long-term portion of financing obligations | | 4,102.2 |
| | 7,080.6 |
|
| Long-term portion of operating lease liabilities | | 4,450.6 |
| | — |
|
| Long-term portion of finance lease liabilities | | 219.4 |
| | — |
|
| Deferred income taxes | | 244.6 |
| | — |
|
| Other long-term liabilities | | 98.0 |
| | 60.7 |
|
| Total liabilities | 10,229,791 |
| | 5,307,958 |
| 12,342.6 |
| | 10,229.8 |
|
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 11) |
| |
| |
| Stockholders’ equity (deficit) | | | | |
| Series B Preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding) | — |
| | — |
| |
| Series C Preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 18,500 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding) | — |
| | — |
| |
| Common stock ($0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 118,855,201 and 93,392,635 shares issued, and 116,687,808 and 91,225,242 shares outstanding) | 1,188 |
| | 933 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| Stockholders’ equity | | | | |
| Series B preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding) | | — |
| | — |
|
| Series C preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 18,500 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding) | | — |
| | — |
|
| Common stock ($0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 118,125,652 and 118,855,201 shares issued, and 115,958,259 and 116,687,808 shares outstanding) | | 1.2 |
| | 1.2 |
|
| Treasury stock, at cost, (2,167,393 shares held in both periods) | (28,414 | ) | | (28,414 | ) | (28.4 | ) | | (28.4 | ) |
| Additional paid-in capital | 1,726,401 |
| | 1,007,606 |
| 1,718.3 |
| | 1,726.4 |
|
| Accumulated deficit | (967,949 | ) | | (1,051,818 | ) | |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | — |
| | (1,453 | ) | |
| Total Penn National Gaming, Inc. stockholders’ equity (deficit) | 731,226 |
| | (73,146 | ) | |
| Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | | 161.6 |
| | (968.0 | ) |
| Total Penn National stockholders’ equity | | 1,852.7 |
| | 731.2 |
|
| Non-controlling interest | (5 | ) | | — |
| (0.8 | ) | | — |
|
| Total stockholders’ equity (deficit) | 731,221 |
| | (73,146 | ) | |
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit) | $ | 10,961,012 |
| | $ | 5,234,812 |
| |
| Total stockholders’ equity | | 1,851.9 |
| | 731.2 |
|
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 14,194.5 |
| | $ | 10,961.0 |
|
See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
PENN NATIONAL GAMING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONSINCOME
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands, except per share data) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions, except per share data) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Revenues | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 2,894,861 |
| | $ | 2,692,021 |
| | $ | 2,606,262 |
| $ | 4,268.7 |
| | $ | 2,894.9 |
| | $ | 2,692.0 |
|
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 629,733 |
| | 601,731 |
| | 575,434 |
| 1,032.7 |
| | 629.7 |
| | 601.7 |
|
| Management service and license fees | 6,043 |
| | 11,654 |
| | 11,348 |
| — |
| | 6.0 |
| | 11.7 |
|
| Reimbursable management costs | 57,281 |
| | 26,060 |
| | 15,997 |
| — |
| | 57.3 |
| | 26.1 |
|
| | 3,587,918 |
| | 3,331,466 |
| | 3,209,041 |
| 5,301.4 |
| | 3,587.9 |
| | 3,331.5 |
|
| Less: Promotional allowance | — |
| | (183,496 | ) | | (174,661 | ) | — |
| | — |
| | (183.5 | ) |
| Revenues | 3,587,918 |
| | 3,147,970 |
| | 3,034,380 |
| |
| Total revenues | | 5,301.4 |
| | 3,587.9 |
| | 3,148.0 |
|
| Operating expenses | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | 1,551,430 |
| | 1,364,989 |
| | 1,334,980 |
| 2,281.8 |
| | 1,551.4 |
| | 1,365.0 |
|
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 439,253 |
| | 421,848 |
| | 406,871 |
| 672.7 |
| | 439.3 |
| | 421.8 |
|
| General and administrative | 618,951 |
| | 514,487 |
| | 462,302 |
| 1,187.7 |
| | 618.9 |
| | 514.5 |
|
| Reimbursable management costs | 57,281 |
| | 26,060 |
| | 15,997 |
| — |
| | 57.3 |
| | 26.1 |
|
| Depreciation and amortization | 268,990 |
| | 267,062 |
| | 271,214 |
| 414.2 |
| | 269.0 |
| | 267.1 |
|
| Provision for loan loss and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC, net of recoveries, and impairment losses | 17,921 |
| | 107,810 |
| | — |
| |
| Impairment losses | | 173.1 |
| | 34.9 |
| | 18.0 |
|
| Provision for (recoveries on) loan loss and unfunded loan commitments | | — |
| | (17.0 | ) | | 89.8 |
|
| Total operating expenses | 2,953,826 |
| | 2,702,256 |
| | 2,491,364 |
| 4,729.5 |
| | 2,953.8 |
| | 2,702.3 |
|
| Operating income | 634,092 |
| | 445,714 |
| | 543,016 |
| 571.9 |
| | 634.1 |
| | 445.7 |
|
| Other income (expenses) | | | | | | | | | | |
| Interest expense | (539,417 | ) | | (466,761 | ) | | (459,243 | ) | |
| Interest income | 1,005 |
| | 3,552 |
| | 24,186 |
| |
| Interest expense, net | | (534.2 | ) | | (538.4 | ) | | (463.2 | ) |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | 22,326 |
| | 18,671 |
| | 14,337 |
| 28.4 |
| | 22.3 |
| | 18.7 |
|
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | (20,964 | ) | | (23,963 | ) | | — |
| — |
| | (21.0 | ) | | (24.0 | ) |
| Other | (7,121 | ) | | (2,257 | ) | | (1,679 | ) | 20.0 |
| | (7.1 | ) | | (2.3 | ) |
| Total other expenses | (544,171 | ) | | (470,758 | ) | | (422,399 | ) | (485.8 | ) | | (544.2 | ) | | (470.8 | ) |
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 89,921 |
| | (25,044 | ) | | 120,617 |
| 86.1 |
| | 89.9 |
| | (25.1 | ) |
| Income tax benefit (expense) | 3,593 |
| | 498,507 |
| | (11,307 | ) | (43.0 | ) | | 3.6 |
| | 498.5 |
|
| Net income | 93,514 |
| | 473,463 |
| | 109,310 |
| 43.1 |
| | 93.5 |
| | 473.4 |
|
| Less: Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest | 5 |
| | — |
| | — |
| 0.8 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Net income attributable to Penn National Gaming, Inc. | $ | 93,519 |
| | $ | 473,463 |
| | $ | 109,310 |
| |
| Net income attributable to Penn National | | $ | 43.9 |
| | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Earnings per common share | | | | | | | | | | |
| Basic earnings per common share | $ | 0.96 |
| | $ | 5.21 |
| | $ | 1.21 |
| $ | 0.38 |
| | $ | 0.96 |
| | $ | 5.21 |
|
| Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.93 |
| | $ | 5.07 |
| | $ | 1.19 |
| $ | 0.37 |
| | $ | 0.93 |
| | $ | 5.07 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Weighted average basic shares outstanding | 97,105 |
| | 90,854 |
| | 82,929 |
| |
| Weighted average diluted shares outstanding | 100,338 |
| | 93,378 |
| | 91,407 |
| |
| Weighted-average basic shares outstanding | | 115.7 |
| | 97.1 |
| | 90.9 |
|
| Weighted-average diluted shares outstanding | | 117.8 |
| | 100.3 |
| | 93.4 |
|
See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
PENN NATIONAL GAMING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Net income | $ | 93,514 |
| | $ | 473,463 |
| | $ | 109,310 |
| $ | 43.1 |
| | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
|
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | | | | | | |
| Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | | | | | | |
| Foreign currency translation adjustment during the period | — |
| | 3,223 |
| | (122 | ) | — |
| | — |
| | 3.2 |
|
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | — |
| | 3,223 |
| | (122 | ) | |
| Other comprehensive income | | — |
| | — |
| | 3.2 |
|
| Total comprehensive income | 93,514 |
| | 476,686 |
| | 109,188 |
| 43.1 |
| | 93.5 |
| | 476.6 |
|
| Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest | 5 |
| | — |
| | — |
| 0.8 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Comprehensive income attributable to Penn National Gaming, Inc. | $ | 93,519 |
| | $ | 476,686 |
| | $ | 109,188 |
| |
| Comprehensive income attributable to Penn National | | $ | 43.9 |
| | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 476.6 |
|
See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
PENN NATIONAL GAMING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
| | | | Preferred Stock | | Common Stock | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Preferred Stock | | Common Stock | | Treasury
Stock | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings (Accum- ulated Deficit) | | Accum- ulated Other Compre- hensive Loss | | Total Penn National Stock-holders’
Equity (Deficit) | | Non-Controlling Interest | | Total
Stock-holders’ Equity (Deficit) |
| (in thousands) | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | | Treasury
Stock | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Accumulated Deficit | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | | Total Penn Stockholders’
Equity (Deficit) | | Non-Controlling Interest | | Total
Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) | |
| Balance as of January 1, 2016 | 8,624 |
| | $ | — |
| | 80,889,275 |
| | $ | 830 |
| | $ | (28,414 | ) | | $ | 988,686 |
| | $ | (1,634,591 | ) | | $ | (4,554 | ) | | $ | (678,043 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | (678,043 | ) | |
| Share-based compensation arrangements, net of tax benefits of $6,896 | — |
| | — |
| | 1,609,033 |
| | 16 |
| | — |
| | 25,519 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 25,535 |
| | — |
| | 25,535 |
| |
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (122 | ) | | (122 | ) | | — |
| | (122 | ) | |
| Conversion of Series C Preferred Stock | (8,624 | ) | | | | 8,624,000 |
| | 86 |
| | | | (86 | ) | | — |
| | | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
| Net income | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 109,310 |
| | — |
| | 109,310 |
| | — |
| | 109,310 |
| |
| Balance as of December 31, 2016 | — |
| | — |
| | 91,122,308 |
| | 932 |
| | (28,414 | ) | | 1,014,119 |
| | (1,525,281 | ) | | (4,676 | ) | | (543,320 | ) | | — |
| | (543,320 | ) | |
| (in millions, except share data) | | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | | Treasury
Stock | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings (Accum- ulated Deficit) | | Accum- ulated Other Compre- hensive Loss | | Total Penn National Stock-holders’
Equity (Deficit) | | Non-Controlling Interest | | Total
Stock-holders’ Equity (Deficit) |
| Balance as of January 1, 2017 | | — |
| | $ | — |
| | 91,122,308 |
| | $ | 0.9 |
| |
| Share-based compensation arrangements | — |
| | — |
| | 1,367,083 |
| | 14 |
| | — |
| | 18,270 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 18,284 |
| | — |
| | 18,284 |
| — |
| | — |
| | 1,367,083 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 18.3 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 18.3 |
| | — |
| | 18.3 |
|
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 3,223 |
| | 3,223 |
| | — |
| | 3,223 |
| — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 3.2 |
| | 3.2 |
| | — |
| | 3.2 |
|
| Share repurchases | — |
| | — |
| | (1,264,149 | ) | | (13 | ) | | — |
| | (24,783 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (24,796 | ) | | — |
| | (24,796 | ) | — |
| | — |
| | (1,264,149 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (24.8 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (24.8 | ) | | — |
| | (24.8 | ) |
| Net income | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 473,463 |
| | — |
| | 473,463 |
| | — |
| | 473,463 |
| — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 473.4 |
| | — |
| | 473.4 |
| | — |
| | 473.4 |
|
| Balance as of December 31, 2017 | — |
| | — |
| | 91,225,242 |
| | 933 |
| | (28,414 | ) | | 1,007,606 |
| | (1,051,818 | ) | | (1,453 | ) | | (73,146 | ) | | — |
| | (73,146 | ) | — |
| | — |
| | 91,225,242 |
| | 0.9 |
| | (28.4 | ) | | 1,007.6 |
| | (1,051.9 | ) | | (1.5 | ) | | (73.3 | ) | | — |
| | (73.3 | ) |
| Share-based compensation arrangements | — |
| | — |
| | 1,466,625 |
| | 15 |
| | — |
| | 19,398 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 19,413 |
| | — |
| | 19,413 |
| — |
| | — |
| | 1,466,625 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 19.4 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 19.4 |
| | — |
| | 19.4 |
|
| Acquisition of Pinnacle | — |
| | — |
| | 26,295,439 |
| | 263 |
| | — |
| | 749,420 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 749,683 |
| | — |
| | 749,683 |
| |
| Reclassification to earnings upon termination of Casino Rama management contract | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 1,453 |
| | 1,453 |
| | — |
| | 1,453 |
| |
| Pinnacle Acquisition | | — |
| | — |
| | 26,295,439 |
| | 0.3 |
| | — |
| | 749.4 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 749.7 |
| | — |
| | 749.7 |
|
| Reclassification of accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings upon termination of management contract | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 1.5 |
| | 1.5 |
| | — |
| | 1.5 |
|
| Cumulative-effect adjustment upon adoption of ASC 606 | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (9,650 | ) | | — |
| | (9,650 | ) | | — |
| | (9,650 | ) | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (9.6 | ) | | — |
| | (9.6 | ) | | — |
| | (9.6 | ) |
| Share repurchases | — |
| | — |
| | (2,299,498 | ) | | (23 | ) | | — |
| | (50,023 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (50,046 | ) | | — |
| | (50,046 | ) | — |
| | — |
| | (2,299,498 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (50.0 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (50.0 | ) | | — |
| | (50.0 | ) |
| Net income | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 93.5 |
| | — |
| | 93.5 |
| | — |
| | 93.5 |
|
| Balance as of December 31, 2018 | | — |
| | — |
| | 116,687,808 |
| | 1.2 |
| | (28.4 | ) | | 1,726.4 |
| | (968.0 | ) | | — |
| | 731.2 |
| | — |
| | 731.2 |
|
| Share-based compensation arrangements | | — |
| | — |
| | 542,274 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 16.8 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 16.8 |
| | — |
| | 16.8 |
|
| Cumulative-effect adjustment upon adoption of ASC 842 | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 1,085.7 |
| | — |
| | 1,085.7 |
| | — |
| | 1,085.7 |
|
| Share repurchases | | — |
| | — |
| | (1,271,823 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (24.9 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (24.9 | ) | | — |
| | (24.9 | ) |
| Net income (loss) | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 93,519 |
| | — |
| | 93,519 |
| | (5 | ) | | 93,514 |
| — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 43.9 |
| | — |
| | 43.9 |
| | (0.8 | ) | | 43.1 |
|
| Balance as of December 31, 2018 | — |
| | $ | — |
| | 116,687,808 |
| | $ | 1,188 |
| | $ | (28,414 | ) | | $ | 1,726,401 |
| | $ | (967,949 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | 731,226 |
| | $ | (5 | ) | | $ | 731,221 |
| |
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | | — |
| | $ | — |
| | 115,958,259 |
| | $ | 1.2 |
| | $ | (28.4 | ) | | $ | 1,718.3 |
| | $ | 161.6 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,852.7 |
| | $ | (0.8 | ) | | $ | 1,851.9 |
|
See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
PENN NATIONAL GAMING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Operating activities | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net income | $ | 93,514 |
| | $ | 473,463 |
| | $ | 109,310 |
| $ | 43.1 |
| | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
|
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 268,990 |
| | 267,062 |
| | 271,214 |
| 414.2 |
| | 269.0 |
| | 267.1 |
|
| Amortization of items charged to interest expense | 6,419 |
| | 6,960 |
| | 7,200 |
| 7.7 |
| | 6.4 |
| | 7.0 |
|
| Noncash operating lease expense | | 100.4 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Change in fair value of contingent purchase price | 454 |
| | (6,840 | ) | | 1,277 |
| 7.0 |
| | 0.5 |
| | (6.8 | ) |
| Loss (gain) on sale of property and equipment and assets held for sale | 3,168 |
| | 172 |
| | (2,471 | ) | |
| Holding gain on equity securities | | (19.9 | ) | | — |
| | — |
|
| Loss on sale or disposal of property and equipment | | 5.5 |
| | 3.2 |
| | 0.2 |
|
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | (22,326 | ) | | (18,671 | ) | | (14,337 | ) | (28.4 | ) | | (22.3 | ) | | (18.7 | ) |
| Return on investment from unconsolidated affiliates | 26,950 |
| | 26,450 |
| | 26,300 |
| 29.0 |
| | 27.0 |
| | 26.5 |
|
| Deferred income taxes | (26,680 | ) | | (517,906 | ) | | 8,736 |
| 21.1 |
| | (26.7 | ) | | (517.9 | ) |
| Charge for stock-based compensation | 12,034 |
| | 7,780 |
| | 6,871 |
| |
| Provision for loan loss and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC, net of recoveries, and impairment losses | 17,921 |
| | 107,810 |
| | — |
| |
| Reclassification of accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings upon termination of Casino Rama management contract | 1,453 |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
| Stock-based compensation | | 14.9 |
| | 12.0 |
| | 7.8 |
|
| Impairment losses | | 173.1 |
| | 34.9 |
| | 18.0 |
|
| Provision for (recoveries on) loan loss and unfunded loan commitments | | — |
| | (17.0 | ) | | 89.8 |
|
| Reclassification of accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings upon termination of management contract | | — |
| | 1.5 |
| | — |
|
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | 20,964 |
| | 23,963 |
| | — |
| — |
| | 21.0 |
| | 24.0 |
|
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of businesses acquired | | | | | | | | | | |
| Accounts receivable | (1,731 | ) | | (9,186 | ) | | (5,911 | ) | 27.0 |
| | (1.8 | ) | | (9.2 | ) |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 13,288 |
| | (7,239 | ) | | (485 | ) | 9.7 |
| | 13.3 |
| | (7.3 | ) |
| Other assets | 1,530 |
| | 2,383 |
| | (8,638 | ) | (2.3 | ) | | 1.5 |
| | 2.4 |
|
| Accounts payable | (6,080 | ) | | (342 | ) | | (7,500 | ) | 4.4 |
| | (6.1 | ) | | (0.4 | ) |
| Accrued expenses | (29,358 | ) | | 23,761 |
| | 1,519 |
| (3.9 | ) | | (47.0 | ) | | 55.2 |
|
| Accrued interest | 2,226 |
| | 7,183 |
| | (746 | ) | |
| Accrued salaries and wages | 82 |
| | 15,783 |
| | (6,721 | ) | |
| Gaming, pari-mutuel, property and other taxes | (19,917 | ) | | 8,495 |
| | 3,379 |
| |
| Income taxes | (3,316 | ) | | 20,448 |
| | 26,008 |
| (7.2 | ) | | (3.3 | ) | | 20.4 |
|
| Other current and noncurrent liabilities | (6,791 | ) | | 46,283 |
| | (7,045 | ) | |
| Operating lease liabilities | | (139.1 | ) | | — |
| | — |
|
| Other current and long-term liabilities | | 47.6 |
| | (6.8 | ) | | 46.3 |
|
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 352,794 |
| | 477,812 |
| | 407,960 |
| 703.9 |
| | 352.8 |
| | 477.8 |
|
| Investing activities | | | | | | | | | | |
| Project capital expenditures | (2,872 | ) | | (25,033 | ) | | (18,740 | ) | (25.1 | ) | | (2.9 | ) | | (25.1 | ) |
| Maintenance capital expenditures | (89,685 | ) | | (74,228 | ) | | (78,505 | ) | (165.5 | ) | | (89.7 | ) | | (74.2 | ) |
| Proceeds from sale of property and equipment and assets held for sale | 390 |
| | 1,013 |
| | 18,210 |
| |
| Consideration paid for acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired | (1,945,239 | ) | | (127,666 | ) | | (84,192 | ) | (1,359.4 | ) | | (1,945.2 | ) | | (127.7 | ) |
| Proceeds from sale-and-leaseback transactions in conjunction with acquisitions | | 961.1 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Cash received for the sale of the Divested Properties and Belterra Park | 661,654 |
| | — |
| | — |
| — |
| | 661.7 |
| | — |
|
| Consideration paid for gaming licenses and other intangible assets | (81,604 | ) | | (1,652 | ) | | (2,667 | ) | (11.7 | ) | | (81.6 | ) | | (1.6 | ) |
| Contributions from (to) joint ventures | 18,892 |
| | (500 | ) | | — |
| |
| Proceeds from the sale of loan to the JIVDC | 15,186 |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
| Loans to the JIVDC | (338 | ) | | (845 | ) | | (184,193 | ) | |
| Receipts applied against nonaccrual loan to the JIVDC | 512 |
| | 8,226 |
| | — |
| |
| Reimbursement of advances with the JIVDC | — |
| | — |
| | 341,864 |
| |
| Funds advanced to the JIVDC in connection with their refinancing | — |
| | — |
| | (98,000 | ) | |
| Repayment of note from the previous developer of the Jamul project | — |
| | — |
| | 30,000 |
| |
| Land purchased adjacent to Hollywood Casino Jamul - San Diego | — |
| | (1,500 | ) | | (3,065 | ) | |
| Acquisition of equity securities | | (5.1 | ) | | — |
| | — |
|
| Additional contributions from (to) joint ventures | | (0.4 | ) | | 18.9 |
| | (0.5 | ) |
| Proceeds from sale of loan | | — |
| | 15.2 |
| | — |
|
| Receipts applied against nonaccrual loan | | — |
| | 0.5 |
| | 8.2 |
|
| Other | — |
| | 577 |
| | — |
| (1.4 | ) | | — |
| | (0.7 | ) |
| Net cash used in investing activities | (1,423,104 | ) | | (221,608 | ) | | (79,288 | ) | (607.5 | ) | | (1,423.1 | ) | | (221.6 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Financing activities | | | | | | | | | | |
| Proceeds from revolving credit facility | | 412.0 |
| | 201.0 |
| | 256.4 |
|
| Repayments on revolving credit facility | | (384.0 | ) | | (89.0 | ) | | (447.4 | ) |
| Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt | 1,558,924 |
| | 1,200,000 |
| | — |
| — |
| | 1,558.9 |
| | 1,200.0 |
|
| Proceeds from revolving credit facility | 201,000 |
| | 256,435 |
| | 123,000 |
| |
| Principal payments on long-term debt | (482,500 | ) | | (1,127,483 | ) | | (53,662 | ) | (46.6 | ) | | (482.5 | ) | | (1,127.5 | ) |
| Repayments on revolving credit facility | (89,000 | ) | | (447,435 | ) | | (354,000 | ) | |
| Prepayment penalties and modification payments incurred with debt refinancing | (11,251 | ) | | (18,012 | ) | | — |
| — |
| | (11.3 | ) | | (18.0 | ) |
| Debt issuance costs and debt discount | (27,329 | ) | | (25,639 | ) | | (253 | ) | — |
| | (27.3 | ) | | (25.6 | ) |
| Payments of other long-term obligations | (15,697 | ) | | (35,453 | ) | | (13,772 | ) | (15.4 | ) | | (15.7 | ) | | (35.4 | ) |
| Principal payments on financing obligations | (67,412 | ) | | (57,859 | ) | | (50,548 | ) | (51.6 | ) | | (67.4 | ) | | (57.8 | ) |
| Principal payments on finance leases | | (6.2 | ) | | — |
| | — |
|
| Proceeds from the sale of real estate assets in conjunction with acquisitions | 250,000 |
| | 82,600 |
| | — |
| — |
| | 250.0 |
| | 82.6 |
|
| Proceeds from exercise of options | 7,379 |
| | 10,447 |
| | 11,601 |
| 1.9 |
| | 7.4 |
| | 10.4 |
|
| Repurchase of common stock | (50,046 | ) | | (24,796 | ) | | — |
| (24.9 | ) | | (50.0 | ) | | (24.8 | ) |
| Payments of contingent purchase price | (4,108 | ) | | (19,613 | ) | | (1,807 | ) | (3.9 | ) | | (4.1 | ) | | (19.6 | ) |
| Proceeds from insurance financing | 13,116 |
| | 11,948 |
| | 13,119 |
| 16.1 |
| | 13.1 |
| | 11.9 |
|
| Payments on insurance financing | (10,946 | ) | | (12,180 | ) | | (13,608 | ) | (19.4 | ) | | (11.0 | ) | | (12.2 | ) |
| Other | | (0.4 | ) | | — |
| | — |
|
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 1,272,130 |
| | (207,040 | ) | | (339,930 | ) | (122.4 | ) | | 1,272.1 |
| | (207.0 | ) |
| Change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | 201,820 |
| | 49,164 |
| | (11,258 | ) | (26.0 | ) | | 201.8 |
| | 49.2 |
|
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year | 279,418 |
| | 230,254 |
| | 241,512 |
| 481.2 |
| | 279.4 |
| | 230.2 |
|
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year | $ | 481,238 |
| | $ | 279,418 |
| | $ | 230,254 |
| $ | 455.2 |
| | $ | 481.2 |
| | $ | 279.4 |
|
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash: | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 437.4 |
| | $ | 479.6 |
| | $ | 277.9 |
|
| Restricted cash included in Other current assets | | 15.5 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Restricted cash included in Other assets | | 2.3 |
| | 1.6 |
| | 1.5 |
|
| Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | | $ | 455.2 |
| | $ | 481.2 |
| | $ | 279.4 |
|
| | | | | | | |
| Supplemental disclosure: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized | $ | 530,359 |
| | $ | 452,779 |
| | $ | 452,842 |
| $ | 528.1 |
| | $ | 530.4 |
| | $ | 452.8 |
|
| Cash payments (refunds) related to income taxes, net | $ | 24,418 |
| | $ | (43,067 | ) | | $ | (11,412 | ) | $ | 21.8 |
| | $ | 24.4 |
| | $ | (43.1 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Non-cash investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commencement of operating leases | | $ | 713.5 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Commencement of finance leases | | $ | 4.6 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Accrued capital expenditures | $ | 7,736 |
| | $ | 1,890 |
| | $ | 6,749 |
| $ | 12.6 |
| | $ | 7.7 |
| | $ | 1.9 |
|
| Acquisition of equity securities | | $ | 16.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Accrued advances to Jamul Tribe | $ | — |
| | $ | 2,465 |
| | $ | 6,962 |
| $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2.5 |
|
| | | | | | | |
| Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash: | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 479,598 |
| | $ | 277,953 |
| | $ | 229,510 |
| |
| Restricted cash included in Other assets | 1,640 |
| | 1,465 |
| | 744 |
| |
| Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 481,238 |
| | $ | 279,418 |
| | $ | 230,254 |
| |
See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Non-cash transactions: In conjunction with the purchase price of Rocket Speed on August 1, 2016, the Company increased its acquired assets and other current and noncurrent liabilities by $34.4 million for the fair value of the contingent purchase price consideration at the time of acquisition. The remaining portion of the purchase price was paid in cash.
PENN NATIONAL GAMING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1—Organization and Basis of Presentation
Organization:Penn National Gaming, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, is a leading, diversified, multi-jurisdictional owner and manager of gaming and racing facilitiesproperties and video gaming terminal (“VGT”) operations with a focus on slot machine entertainment. In the second half of 2018, we launchedoperations. We currently offer live sports wageringbetting at our facilitiesproperties in Indiana, Iowa, Mississippi, Nevada, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. In addition, the Company operatesWe operate an interactive gaming (“iGaming”) division through itsour subsidiary, Penn Interactive Ventures, LLC (“PIV”Penn Interactive”). , which recently launched an online casino in Pennsylvania through our HollywoodCasino.com gaming platform and entered into multi-year agreements with leading sports betting operators for online sports betting and iGaming market access across our portfolio of properties. Our MYCHOICE® customer loyalty program (the “mychoice program”) provides its members with various benefits, including complimentary goods and/or services. References herein to “Penn National,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to Penn National Gaming, Inc. and its subsidiaries, except where stated or the context otherwise indicates.
As of December 31, 2018,2019, we owned, managed, or had ownership interests in 40 facilities41 properties in 18 jurisdictions.19 states. The majority of the gaming facilitiesreal estate assets (i.e., land and buildings) used in the Company’s operations are subject to triple net master leases; the most significant of which are the Penn Master Lease and the Pinnacle Master Lease (as such terms are defined in Note 10, “Master Lease Financing Obligations and Lease Obligations”11, “Leases,” and collectively referred to as the “Master Leases”), with Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc. (NASDAQ: GLPI) (“GLPI”), a publicly-traded real estate investment trust (“REIT”), as the landlord under. In May 2019, we acquired Greektown Casino-Hotel (“Greektown”) in Detroit, Michigan, subject to a triple net lease with VICI Properties Inc. (NYSE: VICI) (“VICI” and collectively with GLPI, our “REIT Landlords”) (the “Greektown Lease”) and, in January 2019, we acquired Margaritaville Casino Resort (“Margaritaville”) in Bossier City, Louisiana, subject to a triple net lease with VICI (the “Margaritaville Lease” and collectively with the Master Leases. ReferencesLeases, the Greektown Lease and the Meadows Lease (as defined in these footnotes to “Penn,”Note 3, “New Accounting Pronouncements”), the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer to Penn National Gaming, Inc. and its subsidiaries, except where stated or the context otherwise indicates. “Triple Net Leases”). In October 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc. (“Pinnacle”), a leading regional gaming operator (the “Pinnacle Acquisition”). In conjunction with the Pinnacle Acquisition, the Company divested the membership interests of certain Pinnacle subsidiaries, which operated the casinos known as Ameristar Casino Resort St. Charles, Ameristar Casino Hotel Kansas City, Belterra Casino Resort and Belterra Park (referred to collectively as the “Divested Properties”), to Boyd Gaming Corporation (“Boyd”). Additionally, as a part of the transaction, (i) GLPI acquired the real estate assets associated with the Plainridge Park Casino, and concurrently leased back the real estate assets to the Company (the “Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback”) and (ii) a subsidiary of Boyd acquired the real estate assets associated with Belterra Park from a subsidiary of GLPI. In connection with the sale of the Divested Properties to Boyd as well as the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback, the Pinnacle Master Lease, which was assumed by the Company concurrent with the closing of the Pinnacle Acquisition, was amended (see Note 10, “Master Lease Financing Obligations and Lease Obligations” for more information). The Pinnacle Acquisition added twelve12 gaming properties to our holdingsholdings. For more information on our acquisitions, see Note 5, “Acquisitions and provides us with greater operational scale and geographic diversity.Other Investments.” In May 2017, we completed the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica (f/k/a Bally’s Casino Tunica) and Resorts Casino Tunica. In 2016, Prairie State Gaming (“PSG”) acquired two small VGT route operators in Illinois and in the first half of 2017, it acquired two additional Illinois-based VGT operators. Further, in August 2016, we enhanced our social gaming offerings with the acquisition of Rocket Speed, Inc. (“Rocket Speed”), a leading developer of social casino games.
Note 2—Basis of Presentation, Principles of Consolidation, Use of Estimates and Reclassifications
Basis of Presentation: The Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) and with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
Note 2—Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation: The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Penn National Gaming, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates that do not meet the consolidation criteria of the authoritative guidance for voting interest controlling interestentities (“VOEs”) or variable interest entities (“VIEs”), are accounted for under the equity method. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (ii) the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements, and (iii) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates used by us include, among other things, the useful lives for depreciable and amortizable assets, the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, income tax provisions, the evaluation of the future realization of deferred tax assets, determining the adequacy of reserves for self-insured liabilities, andthe liabilities associated with our customer loyalty programs,mychoice program, the initial measurements of financing obligations associated with the Master Leases, projected cash flows in assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets, asset impairments, goodwill and other intangible assets, projected cash flows in assessing the initial valuation of intangible assets in conjunction with acquisitions, the initial selection of useful lives for depreciable and amortizable assets in conjunction with acquisitions, contingencies and litigation, and the expected term of stock-based compensation awards and stock price volatility when computing stock-based compensation expense. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Reclassifications:Segment Information: CertainWe view each of our gaming and racing properties as an operating segment with the exception of our 2 properties in Jackpot, Nevada, which we view as 1 operating segment. We consider our combined VGT operations, by state, to be separate operating segments. See Note 17, “Segment Information,” for further information. For financial reporting purposes, we aggregate our operating segments into the following 4 reportable segments: |
| | | |
| Location | | Real Estate Assets Lease or Ownership Structure |
| Northeast segment | | | |
| Ameristar East Chicago | East Chicago, Indiana | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
Greektown Casino-Hotel(1) | Detroit, Michigan | | Greektown Lease |
| Hollywood Casino Bangor | Bangor, Maine | | Penn Master Lease |
| Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races | Charles Town, West Virginia | | Penn Master Lease |
| Hollywood Casino Columbus | Columbus, Ohio | | Penn Master Lease |
| Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg | Lawrenceburg, Indiana | | Penn Master Lease |
| Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course | Grantville, Pennsylvania | | Penn Master Lease |
| Hollywood Casino Toledo | Toledo, Ohio | | Penn Master Lease |
| Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway | Dayton, Ohio | | Penn Master Lease |
| Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course | Youngstown, Ohio | | Penn Master Lease |
Marquee by Penn (2) | Pennsylvania | | N/A |
| Meadows Racetrack and Casino | Washington, Pennsylvania | | Meadows Lease |
| Plainridge Park Casino | Plainville, Massachusetts | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
| | | |
South segment (3) | | | |
1st Jackpot Casino | Tunica, Mississippi | | Penn Master Lease |
| Ameristar Vicksburg | Vicksburg, Mississippi | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
| Boomtown Biloxi | Biloxi, Mississippi | | Penn Master Lease |
| Boomtown Bossier City | Bossier City, Louisiana | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
| Boomtown New Orleans | New Orleans, Louisiana | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
| Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast | Bay St. Louis, Mississippi | | Penn Master Lease |
| Hollywood Casino Tunica | Tunica, Mississippi | | Penn Master Lease |
| L’Auberge Baton Rouge | Baton Rouge, Louisiana | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
| L’Auberge Lake Charles | Lake Charles, Louisiana | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
Margaritaville Resort Casino(4) | Bossier City, Louisiana | | Margaritaville Lease |
| | | |
| West segment | | | |
| Ameristar Black Hawk | Black Hawk, Colorado | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
| Cactus Petes and Horseshu | Jackpot, Nevada | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
| M Resort | Henderson, Nevada | | Penn Master Lease |
| Tropicana Las Vegas | Las Vegas, Nevada | | Owned |
| Zia Park Casino | Hobbs, New Mexico | | Penn Master Lease |
| | | |
| Midwest segment | | | |
| Ameristar Council Bluffs | Council Bluffs, Iowa | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
Argosy Casino Alton (5) | Alton, Illinois | | Penn Master Lease |
| Argosy Casino Riverside | Riverside, Missouri | | Penn Master Lease |
| Hollywood Casino Aurora | Aurora, Illinois | | Penn Master Lease |
| Hollywood Casino Joliet | Joliet, Illinois | | Penn Master Lease |
Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway (6) | Kansas City, Kansas | | Owned - JV |
| Hollywood Casino St. Louis | Maryland Heights, Missouri | | Penn Master Lease |
Prairie State Gaming (2) | Illinois | | N/A |
| River City Casino | St. Louis, Missouri | | Pinnacle Master Lease |
| |
| (1) | Acquired on May 23, 2019 |
| |
| (3) | Resorts Casino Tunica ceased operations on June 30, 2019, but remains subject to the Penn Master Lease. |
| |
| (4) | Acquired on January 1, 2019 |
| |
| (5) | The riverboat is owned by us and not subject to the Penn Master Lease. |
| |
| (6) | Pursuant to a joint venture (“JV”) with International Speedway Corporation (“International Speedway”) and includes the Company’s 50% investment in Kansas Entertainment, LLC (“Kansas Entertainment”), which owns Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents: The Company considers all cash balances and highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash and cash equivalents.
Concentration of Credit Risk: Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company’s policy is to limit the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution, and place investments with financial institutions evaluated as being creditworthy, or in short-term money market and tax-free bond funds which are exposed to minimal interest rate and credit risk. The Company has bank deposits and overnight repurchase agreements that exceed federally-insured limits.
Concentration of credit risk, with respect to casino receivables, is limited through the Company’s credit evaluation process. The Company issues markers to approved casino customers only following investigations of creditworthiness.
The Company’s receivables as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 primarily consisted of the following:
|
| | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| (in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Markers issued to customers | $ | 22.9 |
| | $ | 17.2 |
|
| Credit card receivables and other advances to customers | 16.5 |
| | 20.9 |
|
| Receivables from ATM and cash kiosk transactions | 14.4 |
| | 19.2 |
|
| Hotel and banquet receivables | 6.5 |
| | 8.1 |
|
| Racing settlements | 6.6 |
|
| 6.1 |
|
| Receivables due from platform providers for social casino games | 3.3 |
|
| 2.3 |
|
| Other | 26.2 |
|
| 36.2 |
|
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | (7.7 | ) | | (3.2 | ) |
| Accounts receivable, net | $ | 88.7 |
| | $ | 106.8 |
|
Accounts are written off when management determines that an account is uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts previously written off are recorded when received. An allowance for doubtful accounts is determined to reduce the Company’s receivables to their carrying amount, which approximates fair value. The allowance is estimated based on historical collection experience, specific review of individual customer accounts, and current economic and business conditions. Historically, the Company has not incurred any significant credit-related losses.
Property and Equipment: Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Capital expenditures are accounted for as either project capital or maintenance (replacement) capital expenditures. Project capital expenditures are for fixed asset additions that expand an existing facility or create a new facility. Maintenance capital expenditures are expenditures to replace existing fixed assets with a useful life greater than one year that are obsolete, worn out or no longer cost-effective to repair. Maintenance and repairs that neither add materially to the value of the asset nor appreciably prolong its useful life are charged to expense as incurred. Gains or losses on the disposal of property and equipment are included in the determination of income.
The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are determined based on the nature of the assets as well as the Company’s current operating strategy. Depreciation of property and equipment is recorded using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the related lease term, if any, as follows:
|
| |
| Years |
| Land improvements | 15 |
| Buildings and improvements | 5 to 31 |
| Vessels | 10 to 35 |
| Furniture, fixtures and equipment | 3 to 31 |
All costs funded by the Company considered to be an improvement to the real estate assets subject to any of our Triple Net Leases are recorded as leasehold improvements. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the improvement or the related lease term.
The Company reviews the carrying amount of its property and equipment for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable based on undiscounted estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. The factors considered by the Company in
performing this assessment include current operating results, trends and prospects, as well as the effect of obsolescence, demand, competition and other regulatory and economic factors. For purposes of recognizing and measuring impairment, assets are grouped at the individual property level representing the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets. In assessing the recoverability of the carrying amount of property and equipment, we must make assumptions regarding future cash flows and other factors. If these estimates or the related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record an impairment loss for these assets. Such an impairment loss would be recognized as a non-cash component of operating income. See Note 7, “Property and Equipment.” Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets: Goodwill represents the future economic benefits of a business combination measured as the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired and has been allocated to our reporting units. Goodwill is tested annually, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. For the quantitative goodwill impairment test, an income approach, in which a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) model is utilized, and a market-based approach using guideline public company multiples of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”) from the Company’s peer group are utilized in order to estimate the fair market value of the Company’s reporting units. In determining the carrying amount of each reporting unit that utilizes real estate assets subject to the Triple Net Leases, if and as applicable, (i) the Company allocates each reporting unit their pro-rata portion of the right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, lease liabilities, and/or financing obligations, and (ii) pushes down the carrying amount of the property and equipment subject to such leases. The Company compares the fair value of its reporting units to the carrying amounts. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, an impairment is recorded equal to the amount of the excess (not to exceed the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit).
We consider our gaming licenses, trademarks, and certain other intangible assets to be indefinite-lived based on our future expectations to operate our gaming properties indefinitely as well as our historical experience in renewing these intangible assets at minimal cost with various state commissions. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested annually for impairment, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist, by comparing the fair value of the recorded assets to their carrying amount. If the carrying amounts of the indefinite-lived intangible assets exceed their fair value, an impairment is recognized. The Company completes its testing of its indefinite-lived intangible assets prior to assessing the realizability of its goodwill.
The Company assesses the fair value of its gaming licenses using the Greenfield Method under the income approach, which estimates the fair value using a DCF model assuming the Company built a casino with similar utility to that of the existing casino. The method assumes a theoretical start-up company going into business without any assets other than the intangible asset being valued. The Company assesses the fair value of its trademarks using the relief-from-royalty method under the income approach. The principle behind this method is that the value of the trademark is equal to the present value of the after-tax royalty savings attributable to the owned trademark.
Our annual goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment test is performed on October 1st of each year. Once an impairment of goodwill or other intangible asset has been recorded, it cannot be reversed. Other intangible assets that have a definite-life are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives or related service contract. The Company reviews the carrying amount of its amortizing intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of the amortizing intangible assets exceed their fair value, an impairment loss is recognized. See Note 8, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” Equity Securities: The Company’s equity securities (including warrants) are measured at fair value each reporting period with unrealized holding gains and losses included in current period earnings. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized a holding gain of $19.9 million related to equity securities held as of December 31, 2019, which is included in “Other,” as reported in “Other income (expenses)” within our Consolidated Statements of Income.
Financing Obligations: Subsequent to the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”) on January 1, 2019, certain of the components contained within our Master Leases (primarily buildings) are accounted for as financing obligations, rather than leases. Prior to the adoption of ASC 842, our Master Leases, in their entirety, were accounted for as financing obligations. See Note 3, “New Accounting Pronouncements,” for a discussion of the impact of ASC 842 on our Consolidated Financial Statements. On November 1, 2013, the Company spun-off its real estate assets into GLPI (the “Spin-Off”) and entered into the Penn Master Lease. This transaction did not meet all of the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting treatment under ASC Topic 840, “Leases,” (“ASC 840”); specifically, the Penn Master Lease contains provisions that indicate the Company has prohibited forms of continuing involvement in the leased assets, which are not a normal leaseback. Accordingly, at lease inception, we calculated a financing obligation based on the future minimum lease payments discounted at our estimated incremental borrowing rate at lease inception over the lease term of 35 years, which was determined to be 9.7%. The lease term included
renewal options that were reasonably assured of being exercised and the funded construction of certain leased assets in development at the commencement of the Penn Master Lease.
On October 15, 2018, in connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition, we assumed the Pinnacle Master Lease. Within a business combination, an arrangement that previously did not meet all of the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting treatment (and is accounted for as a financing obligation by the acquiree) retains its classification as a financing obligation on the acquiring entity’s consolidated balance sheets at the business combination date. As of the date of acquisition, we calculated the financing obligation based on the future minimum lease payments discounted at a rate determined to be fair value at the business combination date, which was determined to be 7.3%, over the remaining lease term of 32.5 years. The remaining lease term included renewal options that were reasonably assured of being exercised. Furthermore, in conjunction with the Pinnacle Acquisition, GLPI acquired the real estate assets associated with Plainridge Park Casino and leased back such assets to the Company pursuant to an amendment to the Pinnacle Master Lease (the “Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback”). The effective yield used to determine the financing obligation associated with the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback was 9.6%.
Subsequent to the adoption of ASC 842, minimum lease payments under our Master Lease are allocated between components that continue to be financing obligations (primarily buildings) and operating lease components (primarily land). Minimum lease payments related to financing obligations are recorded to interest expense and, in part, as repayments of principal reducing the associated financing obligations. Contingent payments are recorded as interest expense as incurred. The real estate assets subject to the Master Leases and which are accounted for as failed sales, are included in “Property and equipment, net” within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and are depreciated over the shorter of their remaining useful lives or lease term. Principal payments associated with financing obligations are presented as financing cash outflows and interest payments associated with financing obligations are presented as operating cash outflows within our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For more information, see Note 7, “Property and Equipment,” and Note 11, “Leases.” Operating and Finance Leases: The Company determines if a contract is or contains a leasing element at contract inception or the date in which a modification of an existing contract occurs. In order for a contract to be considered a lease, the contract must transfer the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Control is determined to have occurred if the lessee has the right to (i) obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use and (ii) direct the use of the identified asset.
Upon adoption of ASC 842, we elected the following policies: (a) to account for lease and non-lease components as a single component for all classes of underlying assets and (b) to not recognize short-term leases (i.e., leases that are less than 12 months and do not contain purchase options) within the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with the expense related to these short-term leases recorded in total operating expenses within the Consolidated Statements of Income.
The Company has leasing arrangements that contain both lease and non-lease components. We account for both the lease and non-lease components as a single component for all classes of underlying assets. In determining the present value of lease payments at lease commencement date, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available, unless the rate implicit in the lease is readily determinable. The liability for operating and finance leases is based on the present value of future lease payments. Operating lease expenses are recorded as rent expense, which is included within general and administrative expense, within the Consolidated Statements of Income and presented as operating cash outflows within the Consolidated Statements of Cash FlowsFlows. Finance lease expenses are recorded as amortization expense, which is included within depreciation and amortization expense within the Consolidated Statements of Income and interest expense over the lease term. Principal payments associated with finance leases are presented as financing cash outflows and interest payments associated with finance leases are presented as operating cash outflows within our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Debt Discount and Debt Issuance Costs: Debt issuance costs that are incurred by the Company in connection with the issuance of debt are deferred and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the underlying indebtedness. These costs are classified as a direct reduction of long-term debt within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Self-Insurance Reserves: The Company is self-insured for employee health coverage, general liability and workers’ compensation up to certain stop-loss amounts (for general liability and workers’ compensation). We use a reserve method for each reported claim plus an allowance for claims incurred but not yet reported to a fully-developed claims reserve method based on an actuarial computation of ultimate liability. Self-insurance reserves are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Contingent Purchase Price: The consideration for the years ended December 31, 2017Company’s acquisitions may include future payments that are contingent upon the occurrence of a particular event. We record an obligation for such contingent payments at fair value as of the acquisition date. We revalue our contingent purchase price obligations each reporting period. Changes in the fair value of
the contingent purchase price obligation can result from changes to one or multiple inputs, including adjustments to the discount rate and 2016 have been reclassifiedchanges in the assumed probabilities of successful achievement of certain financial targets. The changes in the fair value of contingent purchase price are recognized within our Consolidated Statements of Income as a component of “General and administrative” expense.
Income Taxes: Under ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities and are measured at the prevailing enacted tax rates that will be in effect when these differences are settled or realized. ASC 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The realizability of the net deferred tax assets is evaluated quarterly by assessing the valuation allowance and by adjusting the amount of the allowance, if necessary. The Company considers all available positive and negative evidence including projected future taxable income and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. The evaluation of both positive and negative evidence is a requirement pursuant to ASC 740 in determining more-likely-than-not the net deferred tax assets will be consistent withrealized. In the current year presentation. The reclassifications had no impactevent the Company’sCompany determines that the deferred income tax assets would be realized in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be recorded, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.
ASC 740 also creates a single model to address uncertainty in tax positions and clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.statements by prescribing the minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements. It also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. See
Note 3—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies13, “Income Taxes.”
Revenue Recognition: The Company’sOur revenue from contracts with customers consists of gaming wagers, food and beverage transactions, retail transactions, hotel room sales, racing wagers, sports betting wagers, and management services related to the management of external casinos and reimbursable costs associated with management contracts. During the second quarterIn May 2018, our management contract withwas terminated for Hollywood Casino-Jamul San Diego, which is located on the Jamul Tribe’s trust land in San Diego, California, was terminated andCalifornia. In addition, our management contract withwas terminated for Casino Rama, which is located in Ontario, Canada, was terminated during the third quarterin July 2018.
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” (“ASU No. 2014-09”), and all related amendments, which introduced a new revenue standard, ASC Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606” or the “new revenue standard”). As described in Note 4, “New Accounting Pronouncements,” the adoption of ASC 606 principally affects the presentation of promotional allowances and the measurement of the liability associated with our customer loyalty programs. We adopted ASC 606 using a modified retrospective approach, which did not require us to retrospectively restate prior year amounts. See Note 4, “New Accounting Pronouncements,“Revenue Disaggregation,” for the current year impacts of adopting the new revenue standardinformation on our Consolidated Financial Statements.revenue by type and geographic location.The transaction price for a gaming wagering contract is the difference between gaming wins and losses, not the total amount wagered. The transaction price for food and beverage, hotel and retail contracts is the net amount collected from the customer for such goods and services. Sales tax and other taxes collected on behalf of governmental authorities are accounted for on the net basis and are not included in revenues or expenses. The transaction price for our racing operations, inclusive of live racing events conducted at our racing facilities and our import and export arrangements, is the commission received from the pari-mutuel pool less contractual fees and obligations primarily consisting of purse funding requirements, simulcasting fees, tote fees and certain pari-mutuel taxes that are directly related to the racing operations. The transaction price for our former management service contracts was the amount collected for services rendered in accordance with the contractual terms. The transaction price for the reimbursable costs associated with our former management contracts was the gross amount of the reimbursable expenditure, which primarily consisted of payroll costs incurred by the Company for the benefit of the managed entity. Since the Company was the controlling entity to the arrangement, the reimbursement was recorded on a gross basis with an offsetting amount charged to operating expense.
Gaming revenue contracts involve two performance obligations for those customers earning points under the Company’s loyalty reward programsour mychoice program and a single performance obligation for customers that do not participate in the programs.mychoice program. The Company applies a practical expedient by accounting for its gaming contracts on a portfolio basis as such wagers have similar characteristics and the Company reasonably expects the effects on its Consolidated Financial Statements of applying the revenue recognition guidance to the portfolio to not differ materially from that which would result if applying the guidanceopposed to an individual wagering contract. For purposes of allocating the transaction price in a wageringgaming contract between the wagering performance obligation and the obligation associated with the loyalty points earned, the Company allocateswe allocate an amount to the loyalty point contract liability based on the stand-alonestandalone selling price (“SSP”) of the points earned, which is determined by the value of a point that can be redeemed for slot play and complimentariescomplimentaries; such as, food and beverage at our restaurants, lodging at our hotels and products offered at our retail stores, less estimated breakage. The allocated revenue for gaming wagers is recognized when the wagering occurs as all such wagers settle immediately. The liability associated with the loyalty reward contract liability amountpoints is deferred and recognized as revenue when the customer redeems the loyalty points for slot play and complimentaries and such goods and services are delivered to the customer.
Food and beverage, hotel and retail services have been determined to be separate, standalone performance obligations and the transaction price for such contracts is recorded as revenue as the good or service is transferred to the customer over their stay at the hotel or when the delivery is made for the food and beverage or retail product. Cancellation fees for hotel and
meeting space services are recognized upon cancellation by the customer and are included in food, beverage, hotel and other revenue.
Racing revenue contracts, inclusive of the Company’sour (i) host racing facilities, (ii) import arrangements that permit the Companyus to simulcast in live racing events occurring at other racetracks, and (iii) export arrangements that permit the Company’sour live racing eventevents to be simulcast at other racetracks, provide access to and the processing of wagers into the pari-mutuel pool. The Company has concluded it is not the controlling entity to the arrangement, but rather functions as an agent to
the pari-mutuel pool. Commissions earned from the pari-mutuel pool less contractual fees and obligations are recognized on a net basis, which is included within food, beverage, hotel and other revenues.
Management services have been determined to be separate, standalone performance obligations and the transaction price for such contracts was recorded as services were performed. The Company recorded revenues on a monthly basis calculated by applying the contractual rate called for in the contracts.
PIVPenn Interactive generates in-app purchase and advertising revenues from free-to-play social casino games, which can be downloaded to mobile phones and tablets from digital storefronts. Players can purchase virtual playing credits within our social casino games, which allows for increased playing opportunities and functionality. PIVPenn Interactive records deferred revenue from the sale of virtual playing credits and recognizes this revenue over the average redemption period of the credits, which is approximately three days. Advertising revenues are recognized in the period when the advertising impression, click or install delivery occurs. PIVPenn Interactive also generates revenue through revenue-sharing arrangements with third-party content providers whereby revenues are recognized on a net basis since PIVPenn Interactive is not the controlling entity in the arrangement.
Complimentaries associated with Gaming Contracts
Food and beverage, hotel, and other services furnished to patrons for free as an inducement to gamble or through the redemption of our customers’ loyalty points are recorded as food and beverage, hotel, and other revenues, at their estimated standalone selling pricesSSPs with an offset recorded as a reduction to gaming revenues. The cost of providing complimentary goods and services to patrons for free as an inducement to gamble as well as for the fulfillment of our loyalty point obligation is included in food, beverage, hotel, and other expenses. Revenues recorded to food and beverage, hotel, and other and offset to gaming revenues for the year ended December 31, 2018 were as follows:
|
| | | |
| (in thousands) | For the year ended December 31, 2018 |
| Food and beverage | $ | 137,179 |
|
| Hotel | 60,859 |
|
| Other | 8,099 |
|
| Total complimentaries associated with gaming contracts | $ | 206,137 |
|
Revenue Disaggregation
We generate revenues at our owned, managed, or operated properties principally by providing the following types of services: (i) gaming, (ii) food and beverage, (iii) hotel, (iv) racing, (v) reimbursable management costs and (vi) other. In addition, we assess our revenues based on geographic location of the related properties, which is consistent with our reportable segments (see Note 15, “Segment Information,” for further information). Our revenue disaggregation by type of revenue and geographic location was as follows: |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, 2018 |
| (in thousands) | Northeast | | South | | West | | Midwest | | Other | | Total |
| Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 1,644,176 |
| | $ | 302,842 |
| | $ | 228,055 |
| | $ | 719,753 |
| | $ | 35 |
| | $ | 2,894,861 |
|
| Food and beverage | 109,645 |
| | 56,631 |
| | 89,566 |
| | 57,886 |
| | 1,084 |
| | 314,812 |
|
| Hotel | 23,208 |
| | 23,320 |
| | 90,824 |
| | 26,323 |
| | — |
| | 163,675 |
|
| Racing | 20,275 |
| | — |
| | 580 |
| | — |
| | 5,926 |
| | 26,781 |
|
| Reimbursable management costs | 46,822 |
| | — |
| | 10,459 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 57,281 |
|
| Other | 47,388 |
| | 11,558 |
| | 18,403 |
| | 19,755 |
| | 33,404 |
| | 130,508 |
|
| Revenues | $ | 1,891,514 |
| | $ | 394,351 |
| | $ | 437,887 |
| | $ | 823,717 |
| | $ | 40,449 |
| | $ | 3,587,918 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, 2017 |
| (in thousands) | Northeast | | South | | West | | Midwest | | Other | | Total |
| Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 1,583,882 |
| | $ | 202,967 |
| | $ | 219,743 |
| | $ | 685,429 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2,692,021 |
|
| Food and beverage | 114,993 |
| | 35,532 |
| | 82,406 |
| | 58,414 |
| | 1,052 |
| | 292,397 |
|
| Hotel | 21,513 |
| | 10,340 |
| | 76,147 |
| | 21,959 |
| | — |
| | 129,959 |
|
| Racing | 49,596 |
| | — |
| | 2,340 |
| | — |
| | 10,759 |
| | 62,695 |
|
| Reimbursable management costs | — |
| | — |
| | 26,060 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 26,060 |
|
| Other | 48,645 |
| | 6,263 |
| | 16,605 |
| | 16,404 |
| | 40,417 |
| | 128,334 |
|
| | 1,818,629 |
| | 255,102 |
| | 423,301 |
| | 782,206 |
| | 52,228 |
| | 3,331,466 |
|
| Less: Promotional allowances | (62,050 | ) | | (30,855 | ) | | (42,883 | ) | | (47,173 | ) | | (535 | ) | | (183,496 | ) |
| Revenues | $ | 1,756,579 |
| | $ | 224,247 |
| | $ | 380,418 |
| | $ | 735,033 |
| | $ | 51,693 |
| | $ | 3,147,970 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, 2016 |
| (in thousands) | Northeast | | South | | West | | Midwest | | Other | | Total |
| Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 1,572,378 |
| | $ | 166,509 |
| | $ | 211,788 |
| | $ | 655,587 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2,606,262 |
|
| Food and beverage | 115,834 |
| | 30,692 |
| | 80,003 |
| | 58,370 |
| | 1,313 |
| | 286,212 |
|
| Hotel | 20,888 |
| | 8,843 |
| | 73,180 |
| | 22,493 |
| | — |
| | 125,404 |
|
| Racing | 48,063 |
| | — |
| | 2,331 |
| | — |
| | 15,596 |
| | 65,990 |
|
| Reimbursable management costs | — |
| | — |
| | 15,997 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 15,997 |
|
| Other | 46,900 |
| | 5,646 |
| | 16,260 |
| | 15,454 |
| | 24,916 |
| | 109,176 |
|
| | 1,804,063 |
| | 211,690 |
| | 399,559 |
| | 751,904 |
| | 41,825 |
| | 3,209,041 |
|
| Less: Promotional allowances | (62,254 | ) | | (25,858 | ) | | (38,783 | ) | | (47,632 | ) | | (134 | ) | | (174,661 | ) |
| Revenues | $ | 1,741,809 |
| | $ | 185,832 |
| | $ | 360,776 |
| | $ | 704,272 |
| | $ | 41,691 |
| | $ | 3,034,380 |
|
|
| | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Food and beverage | $ | 261.4 |
| | $ | 137.2 |
|
| Hotel | 159.6 |
| | 60.8 |
|
| Other | 17.6 |
| | 8.1 |
|
| Total complimentaries associated with gaming contracts | $ | 438.6 |
| | $ | 206.1 |
|
Customer-related Liabilities
The Company has twothree general types of liabilities related to contracts with customers: (i) the obligation associated with our loyalty credit obligationmychoice program (loyalty points and tier status benefits), (ii) advance payments on goods and services yet to be provided and for unpaid wagers. wagers, and (iii) deferred revenue associated with third-party sports betting operators for online sports betting and related iGaming market access.
The Company’s loyalty reward programs allowOur mychoice program allows members to utilize their reward membership cards to earn loyalty points that are redeemable for slot play and complimentaries, such as food and beverage at our restaurants, lodging at our hotels and products offered at our retail stores across the vast majority of our properties. In addition, members of the Company’s casino properties. mychoice program earn credit toward tier status, which entitles them to receive certain other benefits, such as gifts.
The Company accounts for the loyalty credit obligation associated with our mychoice program utilizing a deferred revenue model, which defers revenue at the point in time when the loyalty points and tier status benefits are earned by our customers. RevenueDeferred revenue associated with the loyalty credit obligationmychoice program is subsequently recognized into revenueat the point-in-time when the loyalty points are redeemed by our customers.customers or at the point-in-time when our customers receive the tier status benefits. The deferred revenue liabilityobligation associated with our mychoice program is based on the estimated standalone selling priceSSP of the loyalty points and the tier status benefits earned after factoring in the likelihood of redemption.
The Company’s loyalty credit obligation associated with our mychoice program, which is included in “Accrued expenses”expenses and other current liabilities” within our Consolidated Balance Sheets, was $36.2 million and $39.9 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, compared to $24.7 million upon the adoptionrespectively, and consisted principally of the new revenue standard on January 1, 2018.obligation associated with the loyalty points. Our loyalty creditpoint obligations are generally settled within six months of issuance. Changes between the opening and closing balances primarily
relate to (i) the Pinnacle Acquisition, in which all acquired gaming properties have a loyalty reward program and (ii) the timing of the customer’sour customers’ election to redeem loyalty points for complimentaries and products offered atas well as the timing of when our food and beverage outlets, hotels and retail stores.customers receive their earned tier status benefits.
The Company’s advance payments on goods and services yet to be provided and for unpaid wagers primarily consist of the following: (i) deposits on rooms and convention space, (ii) money deposited on behalf of a customer in advance of their property visitation (i.e., front money)visit (referred to as “safekeeping” or “front money”), (iii) outstanding tickets generated by slot machine play or pari-mutuel wagering, (iv) outstanding chip liabilities, (v) unclaimed jackpots, and (vi) gift cards redeemable at our properties. Advance payments on goods and services are recognized as revenue when the good or service is transferred to the customer. Unpaid wagers primarily relate to the Company’s obligation to settle outstanding slot tickets, pari-mutuel racing tickets and gaming chips with customers and generally represent obligations stemming from prior wagering events, of which revenue was previously recognized. The
Company’s advance payments on goods and services yet to be provided and for unpaid wagers were $34.3$42.2 million and $21.5$34.3 million as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively, of which $0.6 million and $0.7 million and $1.3 million arewere classified as long-term, respectively.
Cash The current portion and Cash Equivalents: The Company considers all cash balanceslong-term portion of our advance payments on goods and highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchaseservices yet to be provided and for unpaid wagers are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” and “Other long-term liabilities” within our Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively.
During the third quarter of 2019, Penn Interactive entered into multi-year agreements with sports betting operators for online sports betting and related iGaming market access across the Company’s portfolio, of which we received cash and cash equivalents.
Concentrationequity securities, including ordinary shares and warrants, specific to 3 operator agreements. During the fourth quarter of Credit Risk: Financial instruments that subject2019, certain of the Company to credit risk consistoperations contemplated by these agreements commenced, resulting in the recognition of cash$0.6 million of revenue during the year ended December 31, 2019. Deferred revenue associated with third-party sports betting operators for online sports betting and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company’s policy is to limit the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution, and place investments with financial institutions evaluated as being creditworthy, or in short-term moneyrelated iGaming market and tax-free bond funds which are exposed to minimal interest rate and credit risk. The Company has bank deposits and overnight repurchase agreements that exceed federally-insured limits.
Concentration of credit risk, with respect to casino receivables, is limited through the Company’s credit evaluation process. The Company issues markers to approved casino customers only following investigations of creditworthiness.
The Company’s receivablesaccess as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 primarily consisted of the following:
|
| | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Markers issued to customers | $ | 17,242 |
| | $ | 5,237 |
|
| Cash, credit card, and other advances to customers | 20,925 |
| | 13,891 |
|
| Receivables from automatic teller machine and cash kiosk transactions | 19,244 |
| | 2,785 |
|
| Hotel and banquet receivables | 8,142 |
| | 4,566 |
|
Receivables due from the West Virginia Lottery (1) | 4,358 |
|
| 6,088 |
|
| Racing settlements | 6,064 |
|
| 5,493 |
|
Reimbursement of payroll expenses (2) | 3,439 |
|
| 3,366 |
|
| Receivables due from platform providers for social casino game revenues | 2,255 |
|
| 3,019 |
|
| Other | 28,329 |
|
| 21,343 |
|
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | (3,161 | ) | | (2,983 | ) |
| | $ | 106,837 |
| | $ | 62,805 |
|
| |
(1) | Related to gaming revenue settlements and capital reinvestment projects at Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races |
| |
(2) | Reimbursement of payroll expenses paid on behalf of our joint venture in Kansas Entertainment (as defined below) |
Accounts are written off when management determines that an account2019 was $43.6 million, which is uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts previously written off are recorded when received. An allowance for doubtful accounts is determined to reduce the Company’s receivables to their carrying amount, which approximates fair value. The allowance is estimated based on historical collection experience, specific review of individual customer accounts, and current economic and business conditions. Historically, the Company has not incurred any significant credit-related losses.
Property and Equipment: Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Capital expenditures are accounted for as either project capital or maintenance (replacement) capital expenditures. Project capital expenditures are for fixed asset additions that expand an existing facility or create a new facility. Maintenance capital expenditures are expenditures to replace existing fixed assets with a useful life greater than one year that are obsolete, worn out or no longer cost effective to repair. Maintenance and repairs that neither add materially to the value of the asset nor appreciably prolong its useful life are charged to expense as incurred. Gains or losses on the disposal of property and equipment are included in the determination of income.
The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are determined based on the nature of the assets as well as the Company’s current operating strategy. Depreciation of property and equipment is recorded using the straight-line method over the following useful lives:
|
| |
| Years |
Land improvements | 15 |
Buildings and improvements | 5 to 31 |
Vessels | 10 to 35 |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment | 3 to 31 |
All costs funded by the Company considered to be an improvement to the real estate assets owned by GLPI under the Master Leases are recorded as leasehold improvements. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the improvement or the related lease term.
The Company reviews the carrying amount of its property and equipment for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable based on undiscounted estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. The factors considered by the Company in performing this assessment include current operating results, trends and prospects, as well as the effect of obsolescence, demand, competition and other economic factors. For purposes of recognizing and measuring impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment,” assets are grouped at the individual property level representing the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets. In assessing the recoverability of the carrying amount of property and equipment, the Company must make assumptions regarding future cash flows and other factors. If these estimates or the related assumptions change in the future, the Company may be required to record an impairment loss for these assets. Such an impairment loss would be recognized as a non-cash component of operating income.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets: Goodwill represents the future economic benefits of a business combination measured as the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired and has been allocated to“Other long-term liabilities” within our reporting units. Goodwill is tested annually, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. An income approach, in which a discounted cash flow model is utilized and a market-based approach utilizing guideline public company (“GPC”) multiples of Adjusted EBITDAR (as defined in Note 15, “Segment Information”) from the Company’s peer group is utilized to estimate the fair value of the Company’s reporting units.For the quantitative goodwill impairment test, the current fair value of each reporting unit is estimated using a combination of the discounted cash flow model and the GPC multiples approach which is then compared to the carrying amount of each reporting unit. The Company adjusts the carrying amount of each reporting unit that utilizes property subject to either of the Master Leases by an allocation of a pro-rata portion of the applicable financing obligation based on the reporting unit’s estimated fair value as a percentage of the aggregate estimated fair value of all reporting units that utilize property that is subject to either the Penn Master Lease or the Pinnacle Master Lease, as applicable. The Company compares the aggregate weighted average fair value to the carrying amount of its reporting units. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the aggregate weighted average fair value, an impairment is recorded equal to the amount of the excess not to exceed the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.
The Company considers its gaming licenses and certain other intangible assets to be indefinite-lived based on the Company’s future expectations to operate its gaming facilities indefinitely as well as its historical experience in renewing these intangible assets at minimal cost with various state commissions. Rather, these indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested annually for impairment, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist, by comparing the fair value of the recorded assets to their carrying amount. If the carrying amounts of the indefinite-lived intangible assets exceed their fair value, an impairment is recognized. The Company completes its testing of its indefinite-lived intangible assets prior to assessing the realizability of its goodwill.
The Company assesses the fair value of its indefinite-lived intangible assets (which are primarily gaming licenses) using the Greenfield Method under the income approach. The Greenfield Method estimates the fair value of the gaming license using a discounted cash flow model assuming the Company built a casino with similar utility to that of the existing facility. The method assumes a theoretical start-up company going into business without any assets other than the intangible asset being valued. As such, the value of the gaming license is a function of the following items:
Projected revenues and operating cash flows (including an allocation of the Company’s projected financing payments to its reporting units consistent with how the financing obligations associated with the Master Leases are allocated);
Theoretical construction costs and duration;
Pre-opening expenses; and
Discounting that reflects the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows attributable to the license.
Once an impairment of goodwill or other intangible asset has been recorded, it cannot be reversed. Other intangible assets that have a definite-life are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives or related service contract. The Company reviews the carrying amount of its amortizing intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of the amortizing intangible assets exceed their fair value, an impairment loss is recognized. See Note 8, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.”Master Lease Financing Obligations: The Company’s spin-off of its real estate assets into GLPI on November 1, 2013 (the “Spin-Off”) and corresponding entrance into the Penn Master Lease did not meet all of the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting treatment under ASC Topic 840, “Leases,” (“ASC 840”); specifically, the Penn Master Lease contains provisions that indicate the Company has prohibited forms of continuing involvement in the leased assets which are not a normal leaseback. Therefore, the Penn Master Lease is accounted for as a financing obligation rather than as a lease. The Company calculated a financing obligation at the inception of the Penn Master Lease based on the future minimum lease payments discounted at the Company’s estimated incremental borrowing rate at lease inception over the lease term of 35 years, which included renewal options that were reasonably assured of being exercised, and the funded construction of certain leased real estate assets in development at the commencement of the Penn Master Lease, which was determined to be 9.7%.
Within a business combination, an arrangement that did not meet all of the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting treatment under ASC 840, and previously accounted for as a financing obligation by the acquiree, retains its classification as a financing obligation on the acquiring company’s consolidated balance sheets at the business combination date. The Company calculated the financing obligation associated with the Pinnacle Master Lease based on the future minimum lease payments discounted at a rate determined to be fair value at the business combination date. The financing obligation associated with Pinnacle Master Lease was calculated at the October 15, 2018 closing date, assuming a remaining lease term of 32.5 years, which included renewal options that were reasonably assured of being exercised, and a discount rate of 7.3%. Furthermore, in conjunction with the Pinnacle Acquisition, GLPI acquired the real estate assets associated with Plainridge Park Casino for $250.0 million and leased back the real estate assets to the Company pursuant to an amendment to the Pinnacle Master Lease for a fixed annual rent of $25.0 million over the remaining term of the Pinnacle Master Lease, which resulted in an effective yield of 9.6%.
Minimum lease payments under our Master Leases are recorded as interest expense and, in part, as repayments of principal reducing the associated financing obligations. Contingent payments are recorded as interest expense as incurred. The real estate assets subject to the Master Leases are included on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and are depreciated over their remaining useful lives. For more information, see Note 10, “Master Lease Financing Obligations and Lease Obligations.”Debt Issuance Costs: Debt issuance costs that are incurred by the Company in connection with the issuance of debt are deferred and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the underlying indebtedness. These costs are classified as a direct reduction of long-term debt within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Self-Insurance Reserves: The Company is self-insured for employee health coverage, general liability and workers compensation up to certain stop loss amounts. The Company uses a reserve method for each reported claim plus an allowance for claims incurred but not yet reported to a fully developed claims reserve method based on an actuarial computation of ultimate liability. Self-insurance reserves are included in “Accrued expenses” within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Contingent Purchase Price: The consideration for the Company’s acquisitions may include future payments that are contingent upon the occurrence of a particular event. The Company records an obligation for such contingent payments at fair value as of the acquisition date. The Company revalues its contingent consideration obligations each reporting period. Changes in the fair value of the contingent purchase price obligation can result from changes to one or multiple inputs, including adjustments to the discount rate and changes in the assumed probabilities of successful achievement of certain financial targets. The changes in the fair value of contingent consideration are recognized within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of “General and administrative” expense.
Income Taxes: The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). Under ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial
statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities and are measured at the prevailing enacted tax rates that will be in effect when these differences are settled or realized. ASC 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The realizability of the net deferred tax assets is evaluated quarterly by assessing the valuation allowance and by adjusting the amount of the allowance, if necessary. The Company considers all available positive and negative evidence including projected future taxable income and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. The evaluation of both positive and negative evidence is a requirement pursuant to ASC 740 in determining more-likely-than-not the net deferred tax assets will be realized. In the event the Company determines that the deferred income tax assets would be realized in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be recorded, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.
ASC 740 also creates a single model to address uncertainty in tax positions and clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements by prescribing the minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements. It also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.
Gaming and Racing Taxes: The Company isWe are subject to gaming and pari-mutuel taxes based on gross gaming revenue and pari-mutuel revenue in the jurisdictions in which it operates.we operate. The Company primarily recognizes gaming and pari-mutuel tax expense based on the statutorily required percentage of revenue that is required to be paid to state and local jurisdictions in the states where or in which wagering occurs. In certain states in which the Company operates, gaming taxes are based on graduated rates. The Company records gaming tax expense at the Company’s estimated effective gaming tax rate for the year, considering estimated taxable gaming revenue and the applicable rates. Such estimates are adjusted each interim period. If gaming tax rates change during the year, such changes are applied prospectively in the determination of gaming tax expense in future interim periods. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016,2017, these expenses, which were recorded primarily withinin gaming expense within the Consolidated Statements of Operations,Income, were $1,590.0 million, $1,102.3 million, and $983.3 million, and $962.7 million, respectively.
Earnings Per Share: The Company calculates earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share” (“ASC 260”). Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income applicable to common stock by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the additional dilution for all potentially-dilutive securities such as stock options and unvested restricted shares.
During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company’s 8,624 outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock were sold by the holders of these securities, and therefore automatically converted to 8,624,000 shares of common stock under previously agreed upon terms. As a result, there are no longer any outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. The Company determined that the preferred stock qualified as a participating security as defined in ASC 260 since these securities participate in dividends with the Company’s common stock. In accordance with ASC 260, a company is required to use the two-class method when computing EPS when a company has a security that qualifies as a “participating security.” The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines EPS for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. A participating security is included in the computation of basic EPS using the two-class method. Under the two-class method, basic EPS for the Company’s common stock is computed by dividing net income applicable to common stock by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS for the Company’s common stock is computed using the more dilutive of the two-class method or the if-converted method. For more information on our Series C Preferred Stock, refer to Note 13, “Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit).”The following table sets forth the allocation of net income for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 under the two-class method:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Net income attributable to Penn National Gaming, Inc. | $ | 93,519 |
| | $ | 473,463 |
| | $ | 109,310 |
|
| Net income applicable to preferred stock | — |
| | — |
| | 8,662 |
|
| Net income applicable to common stock | $ | 93,519 |
| | $ | 473,463 |
| | $ | 100,648 |
|
The following table reconciles the weighted-average common shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic EPS to the weighted-average common shares outstanding used in the calculation of diluted EPS for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Determination of shares: | | | | | |
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding | 97,105 |
| | 90,854 |
| | 82,929 |
|
| Assumed conversion of dilutive employee stock-based awards | 3,018 |
| | 2,431 |
| | 1,299 |
|
| Assumed conversion of restricted stock | 215 |
| | 93 |
| | 42 |
|
| Diluted weighted-average common share outstanding before participating security | 100,338 |
| | 93,378 |
| | 84,270 |
|
| Assumed conversion of preferred stock | — |
| | — |
| | 7,137 |
|
| Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding | 100,338 |
| | 93,378 |
| | 91,407 |
|
Options to purchase 656,588 shares; 51,803 shares; and 3,036,819 shares were outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because they were antidilutive.
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS for the Company’s common stock for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands, except per share data) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Calculation of basic EPS: | | | | | |
| Net income applicable to common stock | $ | 93,519 |
| | $ | 473,463 |
| | $ | 100,648 |
|
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding | 97,105 |
| | 90,854 |
| | 82,929 |
|
| Basic EPS | $ | 0.96 |
| | $ | 5.21 |
| | $ | 1.21 |
|
| Calculation of diluted EPS using two-class method: | | | | | |
| Net income applicable to common stock | 93,519 |
| | 473,463 |
| | 100,648 |
|
| Diluted weighted-average common share outstanding before participating security | 100,338 |
| | 93,378 |
| | 84,270 |
|
| Diluted EPS | $ | 0.93 |
| | $ | 5.07 |
| | $ | 1.19 |
|
Stock-Based Compensation: The Company accounts for stock compensation under ASC Topic 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation,” which requires the Company to expense the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments is based on the grant-date fair value of the award. Thisaward and the expense is recognized ratably over the requisite service period following the date of grant.period. The Company accounts for forfeitures in the period in which they occur based on actual amounts.
The fair value of stock options is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which requires managementus to make assumptions, including the expected term, which is based on the contractual term of the stock option and historical exercise data of the Company’s employees; the risk-free interest rate;rate, which is based on the U.S. Treasury spot rate with a term equal to the expected term assumed at the grant date; the expected volatility, which is estimated based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock price over the expected term assumed at the grant date; and the expected dividend yield, which is 0 since we expect to be zero since the Company hashave not historically paid any cash dividends on its common stock since its initial public offering in May 1994 and intends to retain all of its earnings to finance the development of its business for the foreseeable future.dividends. See Note 14,15, “Stock-based Compensation,Compensation.” Earnings Per Share: Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income attributable to Penn National by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the additional dilution for further information.
Variable Interest Entities: In accordance with the authoritative guidance of ASC Topic 810, “Consolidation” (“ASC 810”), the Company consolidates a VIE if the Company is the primary beneficiary, definedall potentially-dilutive securities such as the party that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performancestock options and the obligation to absorb losses of or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. A variable interest is a contractual, ownership or other interest that changes with changes in the fair value of the VIE’s net assets exclusive of variable interests. To determine whether a variable interest the Company holds could potentially be significant to the VIE, the Company considers both qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the nature, size and form of its involvement with the VIE. The Companyunvested restricted stock awards. See
assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE or the holder of a significant variable interest in a VIE on an on-going basis for each such interest.Note 16, “Earnings per Share.”Application of Business Combination Accounting: The Company utilizesWe utilize the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations,” which requires us to allocate the purchase price to tangible and identifiable intangible assets based on their fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value ascribed to tangible and identifiable intangible assets is recorded as goodwill. If the fair value ascribed to tangible and identifiable intangible assets changes during the measurement period (due to additional information being available and related Company analysis), the measurement period adjustment is recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustment amount is determined and offset against goodwill. The measurement period for our acquisitions are no more than one year in duration. See Note 5, “Acquisitions and Other Investments.” Voting Interest Entities and Variable Interest Entities: The Company consolidates all subsidiaries or other entities in which it has a controlling financial interest. The consolidation guidance requires an analysis to determine if an entity should be evaluated for consolidation using the VOE model or the VIE model. Under the VOE model, controlling financial interest is generally defined as a majority ownership of voting rights. Under the VIE model, controlling financial interest is defined as (i) the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entity and (ii) the obligation to
Segment Information: absorb losses of or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. For those entities that qualify as a VIE, the primary beneficiary is generally defined as the party who has a controlling financial interest in the VIE. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who isCompany consolidates the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), as that term is defined in ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting,” measuresfinancial position and assesses the Company’s business performance based on regionalresults of operations of various properties grouped together based primarily on their geographic locations.
We view each of our gamingevery VOE in which it has a controlling financial interest and racing facilities as an operating segment withVIEs in which it is considered to be the exception of our two facilities in Jackpot, Nevada, which we view as one operating segment. We view our combined VGT operations as an operating segment.primary beneficiary. See Note 15, “Segment Information,6, “Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates.” for further information. For financial reporting purposes, as of December 31, 2018, we aggregate our operating segments into the following reportable segments: |
| |
Northeast segment (1)
| Location |
Ameristar East Chicago | East Chicago, Indiana |
Hollywood Casino Bangor | Bangor, Maine |
Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races | Charles Town, West Virginia |
Hollywood Casino Columbus | Columbus, Ohio |
Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg | Lawrenceburg, Indiana |
Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course | Grantville, Pennsylvania |
Hollywood Casino Toledo | Toledo, Ohio |
Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway | Dayton, Ohio |
Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course | Youngstown, Ohio |
Meadows Racetrack and Casino | Washington, Pennsylvania |
Plainridge Park Casino | Plainville, Massachusetts |
| |
South segment | Location |
1st Jackpot Casino Tunica
| Tunica, Mississippi |
Ameristar Vicksburg | Vicksburg, Mississippi |
Boomtown Biloxi | Biloxi, Mississippi |
Boomtown Bossier City | Bossier City, Louisiana |
Boomtown New Orleans | New Orleans, Louisiana |
Hollywood Casino Tunica | Tunica, Mississippi |
Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast | Bay St. Louis, Mississippi |
L’Auberge Baton Rouge | Baton Rouge, Louisiana |
L’Auberge Lake Charles | Lake Charles, Louisiana |
Resorts Casino Tunica | Tunica, Mississippi |
| |
West segment (2)
| Location |
Ameristar Black Hawk | Black Hawk, Colorado |
Cactus Petes and Horseshu | Jackpot, Nevada |
M Resort | Henderson, Nevada |
Tropicana Las Vegas | Las Vegas, Nevada |
Zia Park Casino | Hobbs, New Mexico |
| |
Midwest segment | Location |
Ameristar Council Bluffs | Council Bluffs, Iowa |
Argosy Casino Alton | Alton, Illinois |
Argosy Casino Riverside | Riverside, Missouri |
Hollywood Casino Aurora | Aurora, Illinois |
Hollywood Casino Joliet | Joliet, Illinois |
Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway (3)
| Kansas City, Kansas |
Hollywood Casino St. Louis | Maryland Heights, Missouri |
Prairie State Gaming | Illinois |
River City Casino | St. Louis, Missouri |
| |
(1) | The Northeast segment also included the Company’s Casino Rama management service contract, which terminated in July 2018. |
| |
(2) | The West segment also included a management service contract with the JIVDC, which terminated in May 2018. |
| |
(3) | Pursuant to a joint venture with International Speedway Corporation (“International Speedway”) and includes the Company’s 50% investment in Kansas Entertainment, LLC (“Kansas Entertainment”), which owns the Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway. |
Note 4—3—New Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting Pronouncement Implemented in 2017
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting” (“ASU No. 2016-09”), which simplified the accounting for share-based payment awards, including: (a) income tax consequences; (b) classification of awards as either equity or liabilities; and (c) classification
on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted ASU 2016-09 effective January 1, 2017. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recognized an income tax benefit of $6.3 million related to excess tax deductions that previously would have been recognized as additional paid-in capital within “Total Stockholders’ equity (deficit).” The Company did not record a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings due to having a full valuation allowance against all deferred tax assets as of January 1, 2017. Deferred tax assets and the valuation allowance increased by $15.4 million at January 1, 2017 for the tax effect previously unrecognized for excess tax deductions. The Company elected to present the change in classification of excess/deficient tax deductions from a financing activity to an operating activity within its Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows on a retrospective basis. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2016, there was an increase to net cash provided by operating activities of $6.9 million and a decrease to net cash used in financing activities of $6.9 million.
Accounting Pronouncements Implemented in 20182019
On January 1, 2018,2019, the Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09ASC 842, and all the related amendments which introduced ASC 606, to all contracts(the “new lease standard”) using the modified retrospective method. As partmethod with an effective date of the adoption, the Company utilizedJanuary 1, 2019 (the “adoption date”) and a practical expedient that permits the evaluation of incomplete contracts (such as our loyalty point obligations) as completed contracts. The Company recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as ancumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not have a material effect on net income for the year ended December 31, 2018 and the Company does not expect it to have a material impact on a continuing basis.
In accordance with the new revenue standard requirement, the disclosure of the impact of adoption on our Consolidated Statement of Operations and Consolidated Balance Sheet as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018 is as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, 2018 |
| | As Reported | | Impacts of: | | Balances Without Adoption of ASC 606 | | Effect of Change Higher / (Lower) |
| (in thousands) | | Loyalty Points (1) | | Promotional Allowances (2) | | Reimbursable Expense - Casino Rama (3) | | Racing Revenue (4) | | Tier Status and Other Benefits (5) | | |
| Revenues | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 2,894,861 |
| | $ | (2,608 | ) | | $ | 206,137 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2,575 |
| | $ | 3,100,965 |
| | $ | (206,104 | ) |
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 629,733 |
| | (252 | ) | | 30,629 |
| | — |
| | 38,975 |
| | — |
| | 699,085 |
| | (69,352 | ) |
| Management service and license fees | 6,043 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 6,043 |
| | — |
|
| Reimbursable management costs | 57,281 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (46,822 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | 10,459 |
| | 46,822 |
|
| | 3,587,918 |
| | (2,860 | ) | | 236,766 |
| | (46,822 | ) | | 38,975 |
| | 2,575 |
| | 3,816,552 |
| | (228,634 | ) |
| Less: Promotional allowance | — |
| | — |
| | (236,766 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (236,766 | ) | | 236,766 |
|
| Revenues | 3,587,918 |
| | (2,860 | ) | | — |
| | (46,822 | ) | | 38,975 |
| | 2,575 |
| | 3,579,786 |
| | 8,132 |
|
| Operating expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | 1,551,430 |
| | (1,443 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 4,258 |
| | 1,554,245 |
| | (2,815 | ) |
| Food, beverage, hotel and other | 439,253 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 38,975 |
| | (1,683 | ) | | 476,545 |
| | (37,292 | ) |
| General and administrative | 618,951 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 618,951 |
| | — |
|
| Reimbursable management costs | 57,281 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (46,822 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | 10,459 |
| | 46,822 |
|
| Depreciation and amortization | 268,990 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 268,990 |
| | — |
|
| Impairment losses, net of recovery on loan loss and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC | 17,921 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 17,921 |
| | — |
|
| Total operating expenses | 2,953,826 |
| | (1,443 | ) | | — |
| | (46,822 | ) | | 38,975 |
| | 2,575 |
| | 2,947,111 |
| | 6,715 |
|
| Operating income (loss) | 634,092 |
| | (1,417 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 632,675 |
| | 1,417 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 89,921 |
| | (1,417 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 88,504 |
| | 1,417 |
|
| Income tax benefit (expense) | 3,593 |
| | 323 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 3,916 |
| | (323 | ) |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 93,514 |
| | $ | (1,094 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 92,420 |
| | $ | 1,094 |
|
| |
(1) | As discussed in Note 3, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” the Company’s loyalty reward programs allow members to utilize their reward membership cards to earn loyalty points that are redeemable for slot play and complimentaries. Under the new revenue standard, the Company is required to utilize a deferred revenue model, which defers revenue at the point in time when the loyalty points are earned by our customers and recognize revenue when the loyalty points are redeemed at the estimated standalone selling price. Prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the estimated liability for unredeemed points was accrued and recorded to gaming expense based on expected redemption rates and the estimated cost of the goods and services to be provided. |
| |
(2) | Under ASC 606, the Company is no longer permitted to report revenue for goods and services provided to customers (i) for free as an inducement to gamble or (ii) on a discretionary basis outside of gaming play (i.e., customer appeasements) as gross revenue with a corresponding reduction in promotional allowances to arrive at net revenues. The new revenue standard requires complimentaries related to an inducement to gamble to be recorded as a reduction to gaming revenues and discretionary complimentaries provided outside of gaming play to be recorded as a reduction to food, beverage, hotel and other revenues. As such, promotional allowances provided to customers (i) as an inducement to gamble or (ii) on a discretionary basis outside of gaming play are no longer netted within our Consolidated Statements of Operations. In addition, ASC 606 changed the accounting for promotional allowances with respect to non-discretionary complimentaries (i.e., a customer’s redemption of loyalty points). Under the new revenue standard, the Company is no longer permitted to report revenue for goods and services provided to a customer resulting from loyalty point redemptions with a corresponding reduction in promotional allowances to arrive at net revenue. Instead, ASC 606 requires the utilization of a deferred revenue |
model in which previously deferred revenue is recognized as revenue when the loyalty points are redeemed. As such, promotional allowances related to a customer’s redemption of loyalty points is no longer netted within our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
| |
(3) | The Company revised its accounting for reimbursable costs associated with our management service contract for Casino Rama. Under the new revenue standard, because we are the controlling entity in the arrangement, reimbursable costs, which primarily consisted of payroll costs, must be recognized as revenue on a gross basis, with an offsetting amount charged to reimbursable management costs within operating expenses. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Company recorded these reimbursable amounts on a net basis. |
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(4) | Under ASC 606, as it pertains to our racing operations, we concluded that the Company is not the controlling entity in the arrangements; but rather, functions as an agent to the pari-mutuel pool. Consequently, fees and obligations related to the Company’s share of purse funding requirements, simulcasting fees, tote fees, certain pari-mutuel taxes and other fees directly related to the Company’s racing operations must be reported on a net basis and included as a deduction to food, beverage, hotel and other revenue. Prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the Company recorded these fees and obligations in food, beverage, hotel and other expense. |
| |
(5) | Under ASC 606, certain tier status and other benefits provided to our customers, most notably, an annual gift to members of our top tiers, are considered separate performance obligations associated with gaming contracts. Therefore, under the new revenue standard, the amount of the transaction price allocated to these performance obligations is recorded as a reduction to gaming revenue rather than as a gaming expense. Consequently, certain of the expenses associated with other benefits are now recorded as food, beverage, hotel and other. |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in thousands) | As Reported as of December 31, 2018 | | Balances Without the Adoption of ASC 606 | | Effect of Change Higher (Lower) |
| Balance Sheet | | | | | |
| Other assets - Deferred income taxes | $ | 80,612 |
| | $ | 78,953 |
| | $ | 1,659 |
|
| Current liabilities - Accrued expenses | $ | 204,656 |
| | $ | 191,404 |
| | $ | 13,252 |
|
| Stockholders’ equity - Accumulated deficit | $ | (967,949 | ) | | $ | (956,418 | ) | | $ | (11,531 | ) |
The cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated January 1, 2018 balance sheet for the adoption of ASC 606 was as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in thousands) | Balance as of December 31, 2017 | | Adjustment due to ASC 606 | | Balance as of January 1, 2018 |
| Balance Sheet | | | | | |
| Other assets - Deferred income taxes | $ | 390,943 |
| | $ | 2,044 |
| | $ | 392,987 |
|
| Current liabilities - Accrued expenses | $ | 125,688 |
| | $ | 11,694 |
| | $ | 137,382 |
|
| Stockholders’ equity - Accumulated deficit | $ | (1,051,818 | ) | | $ | (9,650 | ) | | $ | (1,061,468 | ) |
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Clarification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.” The amendments are intended to address diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The amendments provide guidance on the following specific cash flow issues: (a) debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; (b) settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing; (c) contingent consideration payments made after a business combination; (d) proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims; (e) proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies; (f) distributions received from equity method investees; (g) beneficial interest in securitization transactions; and (h) separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The Company adopted this new guidance on January 1, 2018 on a retrospective basis. As a result of adopting this new guidance, the impact to the year ended December 31, 2017 was an increase to both net cash provided by operating activities and net cash used in financing activities of $18.0 million within the Company’s Statements of Cash Flows.
In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash.”The new guidance requires a statement of cash flows to explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. As such, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this new guidance on January 1, 2018 using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. As a result of adopting this new guidance, the impact to the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was an increase of $0.7 million and a decrease of $3.8 million, respectively, to net cash provided by operating activities within the Company’s Statements of Cash Flows.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805), Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” The new guidance narrows the existing definition of a business and provides a framework for evaluating whether a transaction should be accounted for as an acquisition of assets or a business. Under this guidance, when substantially all of the fair value of gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single asset (or group of similar assets), the assets acquired would not represent a business. In addition, in order to be considered a business, an acquisition would have to include at a minimum an input and a substantive process that together significantly contributes to the ability to create an output. The guidance is effective
for public companies for fiscal years, and interim fiscal periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted and should be applied prospectively. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2018, which was applied prospectively to all applicable transactions after the adoption date.
New Accounting Pronouncements to be Implemented in Fiscal Year 2019
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU No. 2016-02”), which supersedes leases accounting as contained within ASC 840.retained earnings. The core principle of ASU No. 2016-02ASC 842 is that a lessee should recognize on the balance sheet the lease assets and lease liabilities that arise from all lease arrangements with terms greater than 12 months. Recognition of these lease assetsThe comparative information has not been restated and lease liabilities represents a change from previous GAAP, which did not require lease assets and lease liabilitiescontinues to be recognizedreported under the accounting standards in effect for operating leases. Qualitative disclosures along with specific quantitative disclosures will be required to provide enough information to supplement the amounts recorded in the financial statements so that users can understand the naturethose periods. As part of the Company’s leasing activities.
The Company has a team in place to evaluate and implement the new guidance andadoption, the Company has substantially completed the implementation of a third-party software solutionelected to facilitate compliance with accounting and reporting requirements. The Company continues to enhance accounting systems and update business processes and controls related to the new guidance for leases. Collectively, these activities are expected to enable the Company to meet the new accounting and disclosure requirements upon adoption in the first quarter 2019.
The provisions of ASU No. 2016-02 are effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2019, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company plans to electutilize the package of practical expedients included in this guidance, which allows us (i)permitted the Company to not reassess (i) whether any expired or existing contracts contain leases; (ii) to not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; (iii) to account for a lease and non-lease component as a single component for certain classes of assets; and (iv) to not reassess(iii) the initial direct costs for existing leases. In addition,
Master Leases
The most significant impact of the adoption of the new lease standard relates to the accounting for our Master Leases with GLPI. Under previous GAAP, as contained within ASC 840, the Company does not planconcluded that (i) the Penn Master Lease and (ii) the Pinnacle Master Lease to recognize short-term leases on itseach be a failed sale-leaseback transaction resulting in (a) the land and building assets associated with the Master Leases to be recognized in “Property and equipment, net” within the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and will recognize(b) the recognition of a financing obligation, with the associated interest recorded to “Interest expense, for those lease payments innet” within the Consolidated Statements of Operations.Income, and (c) the contingent rentals to be recorded as additional interest expense. Under the provisions of the new lease standard, the Company was required to evaluate its existing sale-leaseback transactions with GLPI to determine whether a sale had occurred, and if a sale had occurred, to determine the classification (operating or finance) of each component contained within each of the Master Leases.
In July 2018,Lease components contained within each of the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, “Leases - Targeted Improvements,” asMaster Leases that were determined to be operating leases (consisting primarily of the land components) at the adoption date resulted in (i) the derecognition of the existing financing obligation and the carrying amount of the property and equipment with an update to the previously-issued guidance. This update added a transition option which allows for the recognition of a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings and (ii) the recognition of an operating lease liability and an operating lease ROU asset.
Lease components contained within each of the Master Leases that were determined to continue to be financing obligations (consisting primarily of the building components) at the adoption date resulted in (i) the periodcontinued recognition of adoption without recasting the financial statementsleased assets in periods prior“Property and equipment, net” within our Consolidated Balance Sheets and (ii) the continued recognition of the financing obligation utilizing assumptions as determined (a) at the lease commencement date with respect to adoption.the Penn Master Lease or (b) at the acquisition date with respect to the Pinnacle Master Lease.
Our Hollywood Casino at Dayton Raceway and Hollywood Casino at Mahoning Valley Race Course (“Dayton and Mahoning Valley”) properties included within the Penn Master Lease were previously accounted for under build-to-suit guidance pursuant to ASC 840. The Company planswas required to elect this transition option.
We expectevaluate the most significant judgmentscomponents contained within the build-to-suit arrangements and impacts upon adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 to include the following items:
The Company believes the most significant impact of the adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 relates to the accounting for our triple net leases, which requires us to determine the classification (operating or financing) of each component contained within each of our Master Leases with our REIT landlords which will impactfinance) under the initial valuationprovisions of the right-of-use asset and correspondingnew lease liabilitystandard at the January 1, 2019 adoption date as well as the subsequent expense recognition within our Consolidated Statements of Operations. We continuedate. The Dayton and Mahoning Valley lease components were determined to evaluate our existing sales and leaseback transactions and are evaluating if certain properties building and/or land would be considered a financing or operating lease. If certain properties are derecognized, upon adoption on January 1, 2019, we would derecognize our existing financial obligation and the net book value of the property associated with the previously failed sale-leaseback transaction. A changefinance leases, which resulted in the sale-leaseback accounting conclusion would also result in(i) the recognition of a finance lease ROU asset (recorded to depreciation and amortization expense over the lease term), (ii) a corresponding finance lease liability and right of use asset and a material impact(recorded to opening retained earnings. This change will also increase operating expenses and decrease interest expense over the lease term), and (iii) a reclassificationwrite-off of certain cash payments fromthe previous (a) carrying amount of the property and equipment and (b) financing outflowsobligation recorded with an adjustment to operating outflows in our Consolidated Statementsthe opening balance of Cash Flows.retained earnings at the adoption date.
UponOperating Leases, inclusive of the Meadows Lease
The adoption on January 1, 2019, we willof the new lease standard required us to recognize right-of-useROU assets and lease liabilities that havehad not previously been recorded. Therecorded within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Upon adoption, the lease liability for operating leases iswas based on the net present value of future minimum lease payments. The right-of-usepayments and the ROU asset for operating leases iswas based on the operating lease liability adjusted for the reclassification of certain balance sheet amounts, such as deferred rent. DeferredUnder ASC 842, deferred and prepaid rent willare no longer presented separately. Leases that are short-term in nature are not be presented separately afterrecognized as ROU assets within the
Consolidated Balance Sheets, but are recognized as an expense (recorded within total operating expenses) within the Consolidated Statements of Income.
The impact of the adoption of the new lease standard.standard on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at January 1, 2019 was as follows (only financial statement line items impacted are presented):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Impacts of: | | | | |
| (in millions) | As Reported as of December 31, 2018 | | Financing Obligations - Master Leases (1) | | Finance Leases - Dayton and Mahoning Valley | | Operating Leases - Master Leases (2) | | Operating Lease - Meadows (3) | | Other Operating Leases - Non-Master Leases | | As Adjusted for ASC 842 | | Increase/(Decrease) |
| Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Current assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Prepaid expenses | $ | 63.0 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1.0 | ) | | $ | 62.0 |
| | $ | (1.0 | ) |
| Total current assets | $ | 677.6 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1.0 | ) | | $ | 676.6 |
| | $ | (1.0 | ) |
Property and equipment, net (4) | $ | 6,868.8 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (164.3 | ) | | $ | (1,407.4 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 5,297.1 |
| | $ | (1,571.7 | ) |
| Goodwill | $ | 1,228.4 |
| | $ | 5.5 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,233.9 |
| | $ | 5.5 |
|
Operating lease right-of-use assets (5) | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 3,541.2 |
| | $ | 112.8 |
| | $ | 152.5 |
| | $ | 3,806.5 |
| | $ | 3,806.5 |
|
Finance lease right-of-use assets (6) | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 224.5 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 224.5 |
| | $ | 224.5 |
|
| Total assets | $ | 10,961.0 |
| | $ | 5.5 |
| | $ | 60.2 |
| | $ | 2,133.8 |
| | $ | 112.8 |
| | $ | 151.5 |
| | $ | 13,424.8 |
| | $ | 2,463.8 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Current liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current portion of financing obligations (7) | $ | 67.8 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1.5 | ) | | $ | (16.2 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 50.1 |
| | $ | (17.7 | ) |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities (5) | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 72.9 |
| | $ | 20.5 |
| | $ | 8.9 |
| | $ | 102.3 |
| | $ | 102.3 |
|
Current portion of finance lease liabilities (6) | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 5.8 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 5.8 |
| | $ | 5.8 |
|
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 578.0 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (0.5 | ) | | $ | 577.5 |
| | $ | (0.5 | ) |
| Total current liabilities | $ | 738.4 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 4.3 |
| | $ | 56.7 |
| | $ | 20.5 |
| | $ | 8.4 |
| | $ | 828.3 |
| | $ | 89.9 |
|
Long-term portion of financing obligations (7) | $ | 7,080.6 |
| | $ | 5.5 |
| | $ | (181.3 | ) | | $ | (2,760.6 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 4,144.2 |
| | $ | (2,936.4 | ) |
Long-term portion of operating lease liabilities (5) | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 3,467.1 |
| | $ | 92.3 |
| | $ | 145.0 |
| | $ | 3,704.4 |
| | $ | 3,704.4 |
|
Long-term portion of finance lease liabilities (6) | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 218.3 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 218.3 |
| | $ | 218.3 |
|
Deferred income taxes (8) | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 4.3 |
| | $ | 299.5 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 303.8 |
| | $ | 303.8 |
|
| Other long-term liabilities | $ | 60.7 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1.9 | ) | | $ | 58.8 |
| | $ | (1.9 | ) |
| Total liabilities | $ | 10,229.8 |
| | $ | 5.5 |
| | $ | 45.6 |
| | $ | 1,062.7 |
| | $ | 112.8 |
| | $ | 151.5 |
| | $ | 11,607.9 |
| | $ | 1,378.1 |
|
| Stockholders’ equity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | $ | (968.0 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | 14.6 |
| | $ | 1,071.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 117.7 |
| | $ | 1,085.7 |
|
| Total Penn National stockholders’ equity | $ | 731.2 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 14.6 |
| | $ | 1,071.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,816.9 |
| | $ | 1,085.7 |
|
| Total stockholders’ equity | $ | 731.2 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 14.6 |
| | $ | 1,071.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,816.9 |
| | $ | 1,085.7 |
|
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 10,961.0 |
| | $ | 5.5 |
| | $ | 60.2 |
| | $ | 2,133.8 |
| | $ | 112.8 |
| | $ | 151.5 |
| | $ | 13,424.8 |
| | $ | 2,463.8 |
|
| |
| (1) | During the first quarter of 2019, the Company identified an adjustment to the purchase price allocation associated with the Pinnacle Acquisition. The purchase price adjustment increased the financing obligation upon the adoption of the new lease standard, resulting in an increase to goodwill (see Note 5, “Acquisitions and Other Investments”). |
| |
| (2) | Represents components contained within each of the Master Leases determined to be operating leases (primarily land). |
| |
| (3) | Represents the triple net lease with GLPI for the real estate assets used in the operations of Meadows Racetrack and Casino (the “Meadows Lease”). |
| |
| (4) | Represents the (i) derecognition of the carrying amount of the property and equipment, net, associated with land components contained within our Master Leases determined to be operating leases upon the adoption of the new lease standard; and (ii) derecognition of the carrying amount of the property and equipment, net, associated with land and building components associated with Dayton and Mahoning Valley determined to be finance leases upon the adoption of the new lease standard. |
| |
| (5) | Operating lease ROU assets represent (i) the land components contained within the Master Leases determined to be operating leases upon the adoption of the new lease standard; and (ii) with respect to other Operating Leases, represent (a) the Meadows Lease, which was acquired by the Company in conjunction with the acquisition of Pinnacle; (b) ground and levee leases with landlords, which were not assumed by GLPI and remain an obligation of the Company; and (c) buildings and equipment not associated with our Master Leases. For leases where the rate implicit in the lease was not readily determinable, we used our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. We utilized the incremental borrowing rate on the adoption date for operating leases that commenced prior to that date. The operating lease liability is based on the net present value of future lease payments. |
| |
| (6) | Amounts primarily represent finance leases associated with Dayton and Mahoning Valley, which are included in the Penn Master Lease, that under ASC 840 utilized specific build-to-suit guidance. The adoption of the new lease standard required the Company to evaluate the components under current guidance contained within the new lease standard, which resulted in all components being classified as finance leases. Finance leases result in (i) the recognition of a finance lease ROU asset amortized over the lease term and (ii) a corresponding finance lease liability (recorded to interest expense over the lease term). We utilized our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the adoption date in determining the present value of lease payments. The finance lease liability is based on the net present value of future lease payments. |
| |
| (7) | Represents components associated with our Master Leases that remain financing obligations (primarily buildings). The financing obligation at the adoption date was calculated utilizing previous assumptions as determined (a) at the lease commencement date with respect to the Penn Master Lease and (b) at the acquisition date with respect to the Pinnacle Master Lease. |
Accounting Pronouncements to be Implemented in 2020
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurements of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”), which sets forth a “current expected credit loss” (referred to as “CECL”) model which requires the Company to measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable supportable forecasts. This replaces the existing incurred loss model and is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost and applies to some off-balance sheet credit exposures. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and must be applied through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. Although we are still finalizing our assessment of the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-13, which is effective January 1, 2020, we currently do not expect this standardit to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures. We are finalizing the impact of the standard to our accounting policies, processes, disclosures, and internal control over financial reporting.
The adoption of this standard will have no impact on the Company’s covenant compliance under its current debt agreements.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” These amendments expand the scope of Topic 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation” (which currently only includes share-based payments to employees), to include share-based payments issued to nonemployees for goods or services. Consequently, the accounting for share-based payments to nonemployees and employees will be substantially aligned. This new standard supersedes Subtopic 505-50, “Equity - Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees.” The guidance is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim fiscal periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted, but no earlier than a company’s adoption date of ASC 606. The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact to its Consolidated Financial Statements.
New Accounting Pronouncements to be Implemented in Fiscal Year 2020
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s“Customer’s Accounting for Implementation CostsCost Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract.” These amendments alignContract” (“ASU 2018-15”). Under the requirementsnew guidance, customers will apply the same criteria for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hostingas they would for an arrangement that ishas a service contact with the requirements for capitalizingsoftware license. This will result in certain implementation costs being capitalized; the associated amortization charge will, however, be recorded as an operating expense. Under the previous guidance, costs incurred when implementing a cloud computing arrangement deemed to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that isbe a service contract is not affected by these amendments. The guidanceare recorded as an operating expense when incurred. ASU 2018-15 is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim fiscal periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Companyincluding interim periods within those fiscal years. Entities can choose to adopt the new guidance prospectively to eligible costs incurred on or after the date the guidance is currently evaluating thisfirst applied or retrospectively. We have elected to adopt the net guidance to determineon a prospective basis. Although we are still finalizing our assessment of the impact of the adoption of ASU 2018-15, which is effective January 1, 2020, we currently do not expect it to itshave a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Accounting Pronouncements to be Implemented in 2021
In August 2018,December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - ChangesNo. 2019-12, “Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” (“ASU 2019-12”), which intends to simplify the guidance by removing certain exceptions to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.” Thegeneral principles and clarifying or amending existing guidance. ASU removes the requirement to disclose: (a) the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; (b) the policy for timing of transfers between levels; and (c) the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. This new standard requires disclosure of changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income (loss) for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The guidance2019-12 is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim fiscal periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company is2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Although we are currently evaluating this guidance to determine the impact of the adoption of ASU 2019-12, we do not expect it to have a material impact on its disclosures.our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Note 4—Revenue Disaggregation
We generate revenues at our owned, managed, or operated properties principally by providing the following types of services: (i) gaming, (ii) food and beverage, (iii) hotel, (iv) racing, (v) reimbursable management costs and (vi) other. Other revenues is principally comprised of ancillary gaming-related activities, such as commissions received on ATM transactions, and iGaming. In addition, we assess our revenues based on geographic location of the related properties, which is consistent with our reportable segments (see Note 17, “Segment Information,” for further information). Our revenue disaggregation by type of revenue and geographic location was as follows: |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, 2019 |
| (in millions) | Northeast | | South | | West | | Midwest | | Other | | Intersegment Eliminations (1) | | Total |
| Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 2,117.1 |
| | $ | 831.1 |
| | $ | 374.3 |
| | $ | 938.1 |
| | $ | 8.8 |
| | $ | (0.7 | ) | | $ | 4,268.7 |
|
| Food and beverage | 155.1 |
| | 154.1 |
| | 116.7 |
| | 84.7 |
| | 1.4 |
| | — |
| | 512.0 |
|
| Hotel | 43.5 |
| | 98.2 |
| | 125.9 |
| | 43.4 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 311.0 |
|
| Racing | 25.1 |
| | — |
| | 0.6 |
| | — |
| | 5.6 |
| | — |
| | 31.3 |
|
| Other | 59.1 |
| | 35.5 |
| | 25.0 |
| | 28.3 |
| | 31.7 |
| | (1.2 | ) | | 178.4 |
|
| Total revenues | $ | 2,399.9 |
| | $ | 1,118.9 |
| | $ | 642.5 |
| | $ | 1,094.5 |
| | $ | 47.5 |
| | $ | (1.9 | ) | | $ | 5,301.4 |
|
| |
| (1) | Represents the elimination of intersegment revenues associated with our internally-branded retail sportsbooks, which are operated by Penn Interactive, and our live and televised poker tournament series that operates under the trademark, Heartland Poker Tour (“HPT”). |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, 2018 |
| (in millions) | Northeast | | South | | West | | Midwest | | Other | | Total |
| Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 1,644.2 |
| | $ | 302.9 |
| | $ | 228.0 |
| | $ | 719.8 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2,894.9 |
|
| Food and beverage | 109.6 |
| | 56.6 |
| | 89.6 |
| | 57.9 |
| | 1.1 |
| | 314.8 |
|
| Hotel | 23.2 |
| | 23.3 |
| | 90.8 |
| | 26.3 |
| | — |
| | 163.6 |
|
| Racing | 20.3 |
| | — |
| | 0.6 |
| | — |
| | 5.9 |
| | 26.8 |
|
| Reimbursable management costs | 46.8 |
| | — |
| | 10.5 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 57.3 |
|
| Other | 47.4 |
| | 11.6 |
| | 18.4 |
| | 19.7 |
| | 33.4 |
| | 130.5 |
|
| Total revenues | $ | 1,891.5 |
| | $ | 394.4 |
| | $ | 437.9 |
| | $ | 823.7 |
| | $ | 40.4 |
| | $ | 3,587.9 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, 2017 |
| (in millions) | Northeast | | South | | West | | Midwest | | Other | | Total |
| Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming | $ | 1,583.9 |
| | $ | 203.0 |
| | $ | 219.7 |
| | $ | 685.4 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2,692.0 |
|
| Food and beverage | 115.0 |
| | 35.5 |
| | 82.4 |
| | 58.4 |
| | 1.1 |
| | 292.4 |
|
| Hotel | 21.5 |
| | 10.3 |
| | 76.1 |
| | 22.0 |
| | — |
| | 129.9 |
|
| Racing | 49.6 |
| | — |
| | 2.3 |
| | — |
| | 10.8 |
| | 62.7 |
|
| Reimbursable management costs | — |
| | — |
| | 26.1 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 26.1 |
|
| Other | 48.7 |
| | 6.3 |
| | 16.6 |
| | 16.4 |
| | 40.4 |
| | 128.4 |
|
| | 1,818.7 |
| | 255.1 |
| | 423.2 |
| | 782.2 |
| | 52.3 |
| | 3,331.5 |
|
| Less: Promotional allowances | (62.1 | ) | | (30.8 | ) | | (42.8 | ) | | (47.2 | ) | | (0.6 | ) | | (183.5 | ) |
| Total revenues | $ | 1,756.6 |
| | $ | 224.3 |
| | $ | 380.4 |
| | $ | 735.0 |
| | $ | 51.7 |
| | $ | 3,148.0 |
|
Note 5—Acquisitions and Other Investments
Greektown Casino-Hotel
On May 23, 2019, the Company acquired all of the membership interests of Greektown Holdings, L.L.C., for a net purchase price of $320.3 million, after working capital and other adjustments, pursuant to a transaction agreement among the Company, VICI Properties L.P., a wholly-owned subsidiary of VICI, and Greektown Mothership LLC. In connection with the
acquisition, the real estate assets relating to Greektown were acquired by a subsidiary of VICI for an aggregate sales price of $700.0 million and the Company entered into the Greektown Lease, which has an initial annual rent of $55.6 million and an initial term of 15 years, with 4 five-year renewal options. The acquisition of the operations was financed through a combination of cash on hand and incremental borrowings under the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility (as defined in Note 10, “Long-term Debt”). The Company is in the process of finalizing the assumptions that derive the fair value of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Therefore, the allocation of the purchase price is preliminary and subject to change. During the year ended December 31, 2019, subsequent to the date of acquisition, we made the following adjustments to the preliminary purchase price:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Estimated fair value, as previously reported (1) | | Measurement period adjustments | | Estimated fair value, as adjusted |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 31.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 31.1 |
|
| Receivables, prepaid expenses, and other current assets | 15.7 |
| | (1.2 | ) | | 14.5 |
|
| Property and equipment | 32.3 |
| | (3.9 | ) | | 28.4 |
|
Goodwill (2) | 61.7 |
| | 5.7 |
| | 67.4 |
|
| Other intangible assets | | | | | |
| Gaming license | 166.4 |
| | — |
| | 166.4 |
|
| Trademark | 24.4 |
| | — |
| | 24.4 |
|
| Customer relationships | 3.3 |
| | — |
| | 3.3 |
|
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 516.1 |
| | — |
| | 516.1 |
|
| Finance lease right-of-use assets | 4.1 |
| | — |
| | 4.1 |
|
| Other assets | 0.2 |
| | (0.2 | ) | | — |
|
| Total assets | $ | 855.3 |
| | $ | 0.4 |
| | $ | 855.7 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 14.8 |
| | $ | 0.4 |
| | 15.2 |
|
| Operating lease liabilities | 516.1 |
| | — |
| | 516.1 |
|
| Finance lease liabilities | 4.1 |
| | — |
| | 4.1 |
|
| Total liabilities | 535.0 |
| | 0.4 |
| | 535.4 |
|
| Net assets acquired | $ | 320.3 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 320.3 |
|
| |
| (1) | Amounts were initially reported within the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended June 30, 2019, filed with the SEC on August 8, 2019. |
| |
| (2) | The goodwill has been assigned to our Northeast segment. The entire $67.4 million goodwill amount is deductible for tax purposes. |
The Company used the income, market, or cost approach (or a combination thereof) for the valuation, as appropriate, and used valuation inputs in these models and analyses that were based on market participant assumptions. Market participants are considered to be buyers and sellers unrelated to the Company in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Property and equipment acquired consists of non-REIT assets (e.g., equipment for use in gaming operations, furniture and other equipment). We determined that the land and buildings subject to the Greektown Lease, which was entered into at the time of the acquisition, represented operating lease ROU assets with a corresponding operating lease liability calculated based on the present value of the future lease payments at the acquisition date in accordance with GAAP. Management determined the fair value of its office equipment, computer equipment and slot machine gaming devices based on the market approach and other personal property based on the cost approach, supported where available by observable market data, which includes consideration of obsolescence.
Acquired identifiable intangible assets consist of a gaming license and a trademark, which are both indefinite-lived intangible assets, and customer relationships, which is an amortizing intangible asset with an assigned useful life of 2 years. Management valued (i) the gaming license using the Greenfield Method under the income approach; (ii) the trademark using the relief-from-royalty method under the income approach; and (iii) customer relationships (rated player databases) using the with-and-without method of the income approach. All valuation methods are forms of the income approach supported by observable market data for peer casino operator companies. See Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies,” for more information. The following table includes the financial results of Greektown since the acquisition date, which is included within our Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2019:
|
| | | |
| (in millions) | Period from May 23, 2019 through December 31, 2019 |
| Revenues | $ | 195.9 |
|
| Net income | $ | 10.9 |
|
Margaritaville Resort Casino
On January 1, 2019, the Company acquired the operations of Margaritaville for a net purchase price of $122.9 million, after working capital and other adjustments, pursuant to (i) an agreement and plan of merger (the “Margaritaville Merger Agreement”) among the Company, VICI, Bossier Casino Venture (HoldCo), Inc. (“Holdco”), and Silver Slipper Gaming, LLC, and (ii) a membership interest purchase agreement (the “MIPA”) among VICI and the Company.
Pursuant to the Margaritaville Merger Agreement, a subsidiary of VICI merged with and into Holdco with Holdco surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of VICI (the “Merger”) and owner of the real estate assets relating to Margaritaville. Pursuant to the MIPA, immediately following the consummation of the Merger, HoldCo sold its interests in its sole direct subsidiary and owner of the Margaritaville operating assets, to the Company. In connection with the acquisition, the real estate assets used in the operations of Margaritaville were acquired by VICI for $261.1 million and the Company entered into the Margaritaville Lease, which has an initial annual rent of $23.2 million and an initial term of 15 years, with 4 five-year renewal options. The acquisition of the operations was financed through incremental borrowings under the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility.
During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company finalized the allocation of the purchase price to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the excess recorded as goodwill. During the year ended December 31, 2019, prior to its finalization, we made the following adjustments to the preliminary purchase price allocation:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Estimated fair value, as previously reported (1) | | Measurement period adjustments | | Fair value, as finalized |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 10.7 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 10.7 |
|
| Receivables, prepaid expenses, and other current assets | 7.1 |
| | (0.1 | ) | | 7.0 |
|
| Property and equipment | 21.7 |
| | (1.0 | ) | | 20.7 |
|
Goodwill (2) | 39.5 |
| | 4.7 |
| | 44.2 |
|
| Other intangible assets | | | | | |
| Gaming license | 48.1 |
| | — |
| | 48.1 |
|
| Customer relationships | 2.3 |
| | — |
| | 2.3 |
|
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 196.2 |
| | — |
| | 196.2 |
|
| Total assets | $ | 325.6 |
| | $ | 3.6 |
| | $ | 329.2 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 9.5 |
| | $ | 0.6 |
| | $ | 10.1 |
|
| Operating lease liabilities | 196.2 |
| | — |
| | 196.2 |
|
| Total liabilities | 205.7 |
| | 0.6 |
| | 206.3 |
|
| Net assets acquired | $ | 119.9 |
| | $ | 3.0 |
| | $ | 122.9 |
|
| |
| (1) | Amounts were initially reported within the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on May 8, 2019. |
| |
| (2) | The goodwill has been assigned to our South segment. The entire $44.2 million goodwill amount is deductible for tax purposes. |
The Company used the income, market, or cost approach (or a combination thereof) for the valuation, as appropriate, and used valuation inputs in these models and analyses that were based on market participant assumptions. Property and equipment acquired consists of non-REIT assets (e.g., equipment for use in gaming operations, furniture and other equipment). We determined that the land and buildings subject to the Margaritaville Lease, which was entered into at the time of the acquisition, represented operating lease ROU assets with a corresponding operating lease liability calculated based on the present value of the future lease payments at the acquisition date in accordance with GAAP. Management determined the fair value of its office equipment, computer equipment and slot machine gaming devices based on the market approach and other personal property based on the cost approach, supported where available by observable market data, which includes consideration of obsolescence.
Acquired identifiable intangible assets consist of a gaming license, which is an indefinite-lived intangible asset, and a customer relationship, which is an amortizing intangible asset with an assigned useful life of 2 years. Management valued (i) the gaming license using the Greenfield Method under the income approach and (ii) the customer relationships using the with-and-without method of the income approach. All valuation methods are forms of the income approach supported by observable market data for peer casino operator companies. See Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies,” for more information. The following table includes the financial results of Margaritaville since the acquisition date, which is included within our Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2019:
|
| | | |
| (in millions) | For the year ended December 31, 2019 |
| Revenues | $ | 157.6 |
|
| Net income | $ | 13.7 |
|
Pinnacle Acquisition
On October 15, 2018, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of Pinnacle, for a total purchase price of $2,816.2 million, which consisted of (i) a cash payment of $20.00 per share of Pinnacle common stock, totaling $1,252.2 million; (ii) issuance of Penn National common stock in the amount of $749.7 million; and (iii) the retirement of $814.3 million of Pinnacle debt obligations. As discussed in Note 1, “Organization,” inIn conjunction with the Pinnacle Acquisition, the Company divested the membership interests of certain Pinnacle subsidiaries, which operated the Divested Propertiescasinos known as Ameristar St. Charles, Ameristar Kansas City, Belterra Resort and Belterra Park (referred to collectively as the “Divested Properties”), to Boyd for $604.9 millionGaming Corporation (NYSE: BYD). Additionally, as a part of cash, subject to customary final working capital adjustments;the transaction, (i) GLPI acquired the real estate assets associated with Plainridge Park Casino, and concurrently leased back such assets to the Company. In connection with the sale of the Divested Properties and the Plainridge Park Casino for $250.0 million, and concurrently leased back the real estate assets to the Company; and a subsidiary of Boyd acquired the real estate assets associated with Belterra Park from a subsidiary of GLPI, from which Penn received proceeds of $57.7 million. Additionally, as a part of the transaction,Sale-Leaseback, the Pinnacle Master Lease, which was assumed and amended by the Company.Company concurrent with the closing of the Pinnacle Acquisition, was amended. The Pinnacle Acquisition added 12 gaming properties to our holdings and provides us with greater operational scale and geographic diversity. For more information on the Pinnacle Master Lease and related amendment, see Note 10, “Master Lease Financing Obligations and Lease Obligations.11, “Leases.” The primary reasons forDuring the acquisition are as follows: (i) the expectation that the Pinnacle Acquisition will create economiesthird quarter of scale and other geographic advantages by broadening the Company’s portfolio of properties to 40 properties across 18 jurisdictions; (ii) the opportunity to combine two of the top customer loyalty programs in the industry to drive incremental revenue while also benefiting from enhanced promotional opportunities in online and social gaming across the Company’s portfolio; and (iii) the identification of revenue and cost synergies driven by the elimination of corporate overhead redundancies and improved property level efficiencies, with limited incremental costs required to scale operations and integrate Pinnacle.
In completing the acquisition, each share of Pinnacle common stock (other than treasury shares held by Pinnacle) outstanding as of October 12, 2018, on a fully-diluted basis, was automatically converted into the right to receive (i) 0.42 of a fully-paid and nonassessable share of Penn common stock (the “Share Exchange Ratio”) plus (ii) $20.00 in cash. The stock price used to determine the fair value of the stock portion of the purchase price, was based on the volume-weighted average price of a share of Penn common stock as quoted on NASDAQ Global Select Market for the ten trading days between September 28, 2018 and October 11, 2018, which was $29.80. The actual number of shares of Penn common stock issued to Pinnacle shareholders upon closing was 26,295,439 and the value of those shares was based on the closing price of Penn common stock on October 15, 2018, which was $28.51.
The following table presents the calculation of the total purchase price:
|
| | | |
| (in thousands, except per share data) | October 15, 2018 |
| Pinnacle diluted shares outstanding | 62,608,188 |
|
| Share Exchange Ratio | 0.42 |
|
| Shares of Penn common stock issued to former Pinnacle shareholders | 26,295,439 |
|
| Price per share of Penn common stock | $ | 28.51 |
|
| Fair value of Penn common stock issued to former Pinnacle shareholders | 749,683 |
|
| Cash paid to former Pinnacle shareholders | 1,252,259 |
|
| Cash paid by Penn to retire Pinnacle debt, inclusive of accrued interest | 814,273 |
|
| Purchase price | $ | 2,816,215 |
|
The purchase price excludes $89.7 million of transaction costs, which were expensed as incurred and included in “General and administrative” within our Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Due primarily to the scale and complexity of the Pinnacle Acquisition,2019, the Company has not yet finalized its valuation analysis and is in the process of evaluating key assumptions that derive the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including the income tax balances. Therefore, the allocation of the purchase price is preliminary and subject to change. The following table reflects the preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the excess recorded as goodwill:goodwill. During the year ended December 31, 2019, prior to its finalization, we made the following adjustments to the preliminary purchase price allocation:
| | | (in thousands) | October 15, 2018 | |
| (in millions) | | Estimated fair value, as previously reported (1) | | Measurement period adjustments | | Fair value, as finalized |
| Cash and restricted cash | $ | 124,231 |
| $ | 124.2 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 124.2 |
|
Assets held for sale (1) | 667,036 |
| 667.0 |
| | 0.5 |
| | 667.5 |
|
Other current assets (2) | 80,622 |
| 80.6 |
| | 0.5 |
| | 81.1 |
|
| Property and equipment - non-Pinnacle Master Lease | 318,856 |
| 318.9 |
| | (0.3 | ) | | 318.6 |
|
Property and equipment - Pinnacle Master Lease | 3,984,119 |
| 3,984.1 |
| | (29.2 | ) | | 3,954.9 |
|
Goodwill | 219,531 |
| 219.5 |
| | 18.7 |
| | 238.2 |
|
| Other intangible assets | | | | | | |
| Gaming licenses | 1,046,000 |
| 1,046.0 |
| | 21.6 |
| | 1,067.6 |
|
| Trademarks | 298,000 |
| 298.0 |
| | — |
| | 298.0 |
|
| Customer relationships | 22,400 |
| 22.4 |
| | — |
| | 22.4 |
|
Other long-term assets (2) | 38,767 |
| 38.9 |
| | — |
| | 38.9 |
|
| Total assets | $ | 6,799,562 |
| $ | 6,799.6 |
| | $ | 11.8 |
| | $ | 6,811.4 |
|
| | | | | | | |
Long-term financing obligation, including current portion (3)(4) | $ | 3,427,016 |
| $ | 3,427.0 |
| | $ | 5.5 |
| | $ | 3,432.5 |
|
Other current liabilities (4) | 200,547 |
| 200.6 |
| | 5.5 |
| | 206.1 |
|
| Deferred tax liabilities | 339,149 |
| 339.2 |
| | 0.8 |
| | 340.0 |
|
Other long-term liabilities (4) | 16,635 |
| 16.6 |
| | — |
| | 16.6 |
|
| Total liabilities | 3,983,347 |
| 3,983.4 |
| | 11.8 |
| | 3,995.2 |
|
| Net assets acquired | $ | 2,816,215 |
| $ | 2,816.2 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2,816.2 |
|
| |
| (1) | Assets heldAmounts were initially reported within the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for sale represents (i) the proceeds and working capital adjustments related toyear ended December 31, 2018, filed with the divested properties which were sold to Boyd; and (ii) proceeds received from GLPI related to the sale of the Belterra Park real estate assets.SEC on February 28, 2019. |
| |
| (2) | Other current assets consist primarilyIncludes buildings, boats, vessels, barges, and implied land and land use rights. Land use rights represent the intangible value of accounts receivable, prepaid expensesthe Company’s ability to utilize and inventories. Other long-term assets consist primarily of long-term notes receivables and deposits.access land associated with long term ground lease agreements that give the Company the exclusive rights to operate the casino gaming facilities associated with such agreements. |
| |
| (4) | Long-term financing obligation, including current portion represents the financing obligation associated with Pinnacle Master Lease, as amended. |
| |
(4) | Other current liabilities consist primarily of accounts payable, accrued compensation and accrued taxes. Other long-term liabilities primarily relate to deferred compensation. |
The Company used the income, market, or cost approach (or a combination thereof) for the valuation as appropriatePro Forma Financial Information - Greektown, Margaritaville, and used valuation inputs in these models and analyses that were based on market participant assumptions. Market participants are considered to be buyers and sellers unrelated to Penn in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. For certain items, the carrying amount was determined to be a reasonable approximation of fair value based on information available to Penn management. Property acquired is inclusive of (i) non-Pinnacle Master Lease property related to our operations (such as equipment for use in gaming operations, land/leasehold improvements and furniture and equipment), which was determined to have a fair value of approximately $319 million and (ii) Pinnacle Master Lease property (such as buildings, boats, vessels, barges, and implied land and land use rights), which was determined to have a fair value of approximately $3,984 million at the acquisition date. Land use rights represent the intangible value of the Company’s ability to utilize and access land associated with long term ground lease agreements that give the Company the exclusive rights to operate the casino gaming facilities associated with such agreements. Management determined the fair value of its (i) vessels based on valuations performed by third-party specialists; (ii) land and land use rights based on the land residual technique; (iii) office equipment, computer equipment and slot machine gaming devises based on the market approach; and (iv) other property based on the cost approach supported where available by observable market data which includes consideration of obsolescence.
Acquired identifiable intangible assets consist of gaming licenses and trademarks, which are both indefinite-lived intangible assets, and customer relationships, which are amortizing intangible assets and have been assigned a useful life of 2.0 years. Management valued (i) gaming licenses using the Greenfield Method under the income approach, which estimates the fair value of the gaming license using a discounted cash flow model assuming the Company built a casino with similar utility to that of the existing facility and assumes a theoretical start-up company going into business without any assets other than the intangible asset being valued; (ii) trademarks using the relief-from-royalty method under the income approach; and (iii) customer relationships (rated player databases) using the with-and-without method of the income approach. All valuation methods are forms of the income approach supported by observable market data for peer casino operator companies.
The goodwill is partially attributable to Penn reporting units that existed prior to the Pinnacle Acquisition as it is expected that these reporting units will experience revenue growth and cost synergies resulting from the combination of the Penn and Pinnacle businesses. Goodwill from the Pinnacle Acquisition, of which $92.4 million is deductible for tax purposes, has been preliminarily allocated to the Company’s reportable segments as follows: |
| | | | |
| (in thousands) | | Goodwill |
| Reportable segment: | | |
| Northeast | | $ | 56,400 |
|
| South | | 48,300 |
|
| West | | 51,431 |
|
| Midwest | | 63,400 |
|
| Total | | $ | 219,531 |
|
The following table includes the financial results of the Pinnacle properties since the acquisition date which is included within our Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2018:
|
| | | |
| (in thousands) | Period from October 15, 2018 through December 31, 2018 |
| Revenues | $ | 385,863 |
|
| Net income | $ | 4,664 |
|
The following table includes unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information assuming our acquisitionacquisitions of Greektown and Margaritaville had occurred as of January 1, 2018 and Pinnacle had occurred as of January 1, 2017. The pro forma financial information does not necessarily represent the anticipated future results that may occur inof the future.combined company. The pro forma amounts include the historical operating results of Penn National, Greektown, Margaritaville, and Pinnacle, prior to the acquisition, with adjustments directly attributable to the acquisition,acquisitions, inclusive of adjustments for acquisition costs. The below pro forma results do not include any adjustments related to synergies.
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands, unaudited) | 2018 | | 2017 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Revenues | $ | 5,069,425 |
| | $ | 5,036,559 |
| $ | 5,434.9 |
| | $ | 5,552.2 |
| | $ | 5,036.6 |
|
| Net income (loss) | $ | 83,155 |
| | $ | (38,045 | ) | $ | 64.9 |
| | $ | 101.9 |
| | $ | (38.0 | ) |
Greektown Casino-Hotel
On November 14, 2018, the Company announced that it had entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the operations of Greektown Casino-Hotel in Detroit, Michigan for approximately $300 million in cash. Simultaneous with the closing of the transaction, the Company will enter into a triple net lease agreement with VICI Properties, Inc. (“VICI”), a publicly-traded REIT, for the real estate assets used in the operations of the property. The lease will have an initial annual rent of $55.6 million and an initial term of 15 years, with four five-year renewal options. The transaction will be financed with a combination of cash on hand and debt. The transaction, which is expected to close in the second quarter 2019, is subject to approval of the Michigan Gaming Control Board and other customary closing conditions.
1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica
On May 1, 2017, the Company acquired RIH Acquisitions MS I, LLC and RIH Acquisitions MS II, LLC, the holding companies for the gaming operations of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica, for total cash considerationa net purchase price of $47.0 million. The Company leasesIn connection with the underlyingacquisitions, the real estate assets associated with these properties fromrelating to 1st Jackpot Casino and Resorts Casino Tunica were acquired by GLPI pursuant tofor an aggregate sales price of $82.6 million and included in the Penn Master Lease. For more information, see Resorts Casino Tunica ceased operations on June 30, 2019.Note 10, “Master Lease Financing Obligations and Lease Obligations.” Rocket Speed
OnIn August 1, 2016, the CompanyPenn Interactive acquired 100% of the outstanding equity securities of social casino game developer, Rocket Speed, Inc. (“Rocket Speed”), for initial cash consideration of $60.5 million subject to customary working capital adjustments. The stock purchase agreement included contingent consideration payments over the next two years that were based on a multiple of 6.25 times Rocket Games’ then trailing-twelve-months earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”),EBITDA, subject to a cap of $110$110.0 million. Up to $10$10.0 million of the contingent considerationpurchase price was accounted for as compensation as it was tied to continued employment over a two-year period. The fair value of the contingent purchase price was estimated to be $34.4 million at the acquisition date.
In September 2017, PIVPenn Interactive reached an agreement with the former shareholders of Rocket Speed to buy out the remaining contingent consideration,purchase price, which resulted in a benefit of $22.2 million, which is included within “General and administrative” within our Consolidated Statements of OperationsIncome for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Jamul Indian Village Development Corporation
OnIn April 5, 2013, the Company announced that, subject to final National Indian Gaming Commission approval, it and the Jamul Tribe, a federally recognized Indian Tribe holding a government-to-government relationship with the U.S., entered into definitive agreements to assist the Jamul Tribe in the development of a Hollywood Casino-branded casino on the Jamul Tribe’s trust land in San Diego County, California. TheIn addition, the definitive agreements were entered into to: (i) secure the development, management, and branding services of the Company to assist the Jamul Tribe during the pre-development and entitlement phase of the project; (ii)a related loan commitment letter set forth the terms and conditions under which the Company would provide a loan or loans to the JIVDCJamul Indian Village Development Corporation (the “JIVDC”) to fund certain development costs; and (iii) create an exclusive arrangement betweencosts. Following the parties.
The Jamul Tribe is a federally recognized Indian Tribe holding a government-to-government relationship withopening, the U.S. throughCompany also managed the U.S. Department of the Interior’s Bureau of Indian Affairs and possessing certain inherent powers of self-government. The Jamul Tribe is the beneficial owner of approximately six acres of reservation land located within the exterior boundaries of the State of California held by the U.S. in trust for the Jamul Tribe (the “Property”). The Jamul Tribe exercises jurisdiction over the Property pursuant to its powers of self-government and consistent with the resolutions and ordinances of the Jamul Tribe.property.
In January 2014, the Company announced the commencement of construction activities at the site. The facility opened to the public on October 10, 2016. The Company provided a portion of the financing to the JIVDC in connection with the project and, following the opening, had managed and provided branding for the casino.
The Company accounted for the development agreement and related loan commitment letter with the JIVDC as a loan (the “Loan”) with accrued interest in accordance with ASC Topic 310, “Receivables” (“ASC 310”). The Loan represented advances made by the Company to the JIVDC for the development and construction of a gaming facility for the Jamul Tribe on reservation land. As such, the Jamul Tribe owned the casino and its related assets and liabilities. Repayment of funds advanced to the Jamul Tribe was primarily predicated on cash flows from the operations of the facility.
In December 2015, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase a $60 million subordinated note from the previous developer of the Jamul Indian Village project for $24 million. Interest on this subordinated note, as of the effective date and at all times thereafter until the Loan has been paid in full, were to accrue as follows: as of the effective date, no interest shall
accrue initially; at the opening date, interest shall accrue at a simple fixed rate of 4.25% per annum. The subordinated note is subordinated to the Loan, and payments on the subordinated note may only be made after all necessary payments are made on the Loan subject to certain limitations. The Company recorded the subordinated note at its acquisition price of $24 million, which was considered to be its fair value. As described below, this subordinated note was repaid in connection with the Jamul Tribe refinancing of its existing indebtedness and the Company received a $6 million premium, which was accounted for as an origination fee on our new loan with the JIVDC.
On October 20, 2016, the JIVDC obtained long-term secured financing, consisting of a revolving andcredit facility, a term loan B facility and a term loan C facility (the “Term Loan C Facility” and collectively with the revolving credit facilities (thefacility and the term loan B facility, the “Credit Facilities”) totaling approximately $460 million. The Credit Facilities, all of which were due in 2022, consisted of a $5 million revolving credit facility, a $340 million term loan B facility and a $98 million term loan C facility (the “Term Loan C”). The revolving credit facilityCompany was provided by various commercial banks; the term loan B facility was held by an affiliate of Och-Ziff Real Estate; andlender under the Term Loan C was held byFacility in the Company. The Company accounted for the Term Loan C with the JIVDC as a loan in accordance with ASC 310.
Additionally, on October 20, 2016, the Company was repaid a net amount of $274.9 million (consisting of reimbursements totaling $372.9 million less funds advanced of $98.0 million) of the advances to the JIVDC for the development and construction of the property as well as previously purchased Jamul Tribal debt.million.
Although Hollywood Casino Jamul-San Diego opened to strong business and earnings volumes in October 2016, which met our expectations, results began to soften earlier and with a steeper drop-off than anticipated. As a result, we concluded the Term Loan C was impaired as of December 31, 2016 and at all time periods subsequent to this date. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information, events and projections, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal and/or interest when contractually due under the terms of the loan agreement. The fair value of the Loan was not observable, nor secured by any significant levels of collateral. Therefore, the Loan was not measured using a practical expedient (observable market rate of interest or fair value of collateral) under ASC 310. As such, an impairment charge recorded to the extent the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate exceeded the carrying amount of the loan. The Company recorded interest income on a cash basis to the extent a reserve was not required for the impaired loan.
As of June 30, 2017, the JIVDC was effectively in breach of a financial covenant requirement with respect to debt-to-earnings ratios and as of September 30, 2017, the JIVDC was in active negotiations with its lenders to modify certain terms of its loan agreements, including the elimination of its June 30, 2017 financial covenant requirement. Amended terms that were negotiated during the fourth quarter 2017, were not accepted by the Jamul Tribe. As of December 31, 2017, the JIVDC wasbreached one of the financial covenants contained within the Credit Facilities, resulting in defaultdefault. Consequently, the Company performed an analysis of the expected future cash flows it would receive based on its obligations. Theforecasted operations of the property, discounted at the Term Loan C was fully subordinatedFacility’s effective interest rate, as well as any concessions it would grant to the other lenders that had extended creditJIVDC. As a result of such analysis, the Company recorded a charge of $86.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, of which $64.0 million pertained to the Term Loan C Facility and $22.0 million was a reserve
for unfunded loan commitments. In addition, the Company recorded charges of $3.8 million related to certain advances made to the JIVDC.
In February 2018, the Company and the Jamul Tribe mutually agreed that Pennthe Company would no longer manage the facility orproperty nor provide branding and development services as of May 28, 2018. The Company performed a comprehensive analysis of the future cash flows that we expected to receive on the Term Loan C based upon our best estimates of the operations of the facility and the concessions we would grant to the JIVDC. The expected cash flows to be received by the Company on the Term Loan C were then discounted at the Term Loan C’s effective interest rate in accordance with ASC 310, which was less than its carrying amount as of December 31, 2017. Therefore, the Company recorded a charge of $86.0 million within its Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2017, of which $64.0 million was recorded to an allowance for loan loss and $22.0 million was recorded as a reserve for unfunded loan commitments. The reserve for unfunded loan commitments is included in “Other noncurrent liabilities” within the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017. In addition to the reserves mentioned above, the Company recorded charges of $3.8 million related to certain advances made to the JIVDC.
The unpaid principal balance of the Term Loan C as of December 31, 2017 was $98.3 million and the net carrying amount was $20.9 million. The Company’s remaining exposure as of December 31, 2017 was $27.9 million, inclusive of future unfunded commitments on the Term Loan C.
On May 25, 2018, the Company entered into a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with the senior lender under the credit facilityCredit Facilities for the gaming facilityproperty to sell them all of the Company’s outstanding rights and obligations under the Term Loan C Facility and the JIVDC commitments. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and related agreements,As a result, the Company received cash proceeds of $15.2 million from the sale and has beenwas relieved of all rights and obligations with respect to the JIVDC. The sale of the loan resulted in a recovery of loan losses and unfunded loan commitments of $17.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Retama Park Racetrack
We have a management contract with Retama Development Corporation (“RDC”), a local government corporation of the City of Selma, Texas, to manage the day-to-day operations of Retama Park Racetrack, located outside of San Antonio, Texas. In addition, we own 1.0% of the equity of Retama Nominal Holder, LLC, which holds a nominal interest in the racing license used to operate Retama Park Racetrack. Additionally, we own a 75.5% interest in Pinnacle Retama Partners, LLC (“PRP”), which owns the contingent gaming rights that may arise if gaming under the existing racing license becomes legal in Texas in the future.
As of December 31, 2018, PRP held $16.9 million in promissory notes issued by RDC and $7.5 million in local government corporation bonds issued by RDC, at amortized cost. The promissory notes and local government corporation bonds, which are included in “Other assets” within our Consolidated Balance Sheets, have long-term contractual maturities and are collateralized by the assets of Retama Park Racetrack. The contractual terms of these promissory notes include interest payments due at maturity; however, we have not recorded accrued interest on these promissory notes because uncertainty exists as to RDC’s ability to make interest payments. We have the positive intent and ability to hold the local government corporation bonds to maturity and until the amortized cost is recovered.
Note 6—Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, investmentinvestments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates primarily includedconsisted of the Company’s 50% investmentinterest in Kansas Entertainment, which is a joint ventureJV with International Speedway that owns Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway, its 50% interest in Freehold Raceway, and its 50% joint ventureJV with MAXXAM, Inc. (“MAXXAM”) that owns, and operates racetracks in Texas.its JV with Greenwood Limited Jersey, Inc. (“Greenwood”).
Kansas Joint Venture
The Company has a 50%As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, our investment in Kansas Entertainment which owns the Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company’s investment balance was $89.4$90.8 million and $88.3$89.4 million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016,2017, the Company received distributions from Kansas Entertainment totaling $29.0 million, $27.0 million $26.0 million and $25.8$26.0 million, respectively, which the Company deemed to be returns on its investment based on the source of those cash flows from the normal business operations of Kansas Entertainment.
As of the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we determined that Kansas Entertainment does not qualify as a VIE. Using the guidance for entities that are not VIEs, the Company determined that it did not have a controlling financial interest in the JV as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, the Company determined that Kansas Entertainment is a VIE that should not be consolidated since the Company does not qualifyprimarily as the primary beneficiary. In making this determination, the Company concluded that it doesdid not have the ability to direct the activities of Kansas Entertainmentthe JV that most significantly impact Kansas Entertainment’simpacted the JV’s economic performance without the approvalinput of International Speedway. Furthermore, International Speedway has substantive participating rightsTherefore, the Company did not consolidate its investment in Kansas Entertainment.the JV as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.
For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company’s2019, our investment in Kansas Entertainment met the requirements of Regulation S-X Rule 4-08(g) to provide summarized financial information. The following table provides summary balance sheet and income statement information of Kansas Entertainment as required under Regulation S-X Rule 1-02(bb) for the comparative periods that are included within the Company’sour Consolidated Financial Statements:
| | | | December 31, | December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Current assets | $ | 18,260 |
| | $ | 18,452 |
| | $ | 16,638 |
| $ | 21.5 |
| | $ | 18.3 |
|
| Noncurrent assets | $ | 161,031 |
| | $ | 165,801 |
| | $ | 176,050 |
| |
| Long-term assets | | $ | 159.2 |
| | $ | 161.0 |
|
| Current liabilities | $ | 15,099 |
| | $ | 17,861 |
| | $ | 15,351 |
| $ | 13.5 |
| | $ | 15.1 |
|
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Revenues | $ | 159,017 |
| | $ | 155,636 |
| | $ | 152,926 |
| $ | 162.3 |
| | $ | 159.0 |
| | $ | 155.7 |
|
| Operating expenses | 110,409 |
| | 114,681 |
| | 121,006 |
| 101.3 |
| | 110.4 |
| | 114.7 |
|
| Operating income | 48,608 |
| | 40,955 |
| | 31,920 |
| 61.0 |
| | 48.6 |
| | 41.0 |
|
| Net income | $ | 48,608 |
| | $ | 40,955 |
| | $ | 31,920 |
| $ | 61.0 |
| | $ | 48.6 |
| | $ | 41.0 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net income attributable to Penn National Gaming, Inc. | $ | 24,304 |
| | $ | 20,478 |
| | $ | 15,960 |
| |
| Net income attributable to Penn National | | $ | 30.5 |
| | $ | 24.3 |
| | $ | 20.5 |
|
In addition, to the assessment performed by the Company of its investment in Kansas Entertainment under the requirements of Regulation S-X Rule 4-08(g), the Company also assessed its investment in Kansas Entertainment under the requirements of Regulation S-X Rule 3-09(b) for the year ended December 31, 2018 and2019, we determined that it was required to provide audited financial statements of Kansas Entertainment. The audited financial statements of Kansas Entertainment for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 2017 and 20162017 are provided as exhibits to this document to comply with this rule. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Texas and New Jersey Joint Ventures
The Company has a 50% interest in a joint ventureJV with MAXXAM, which owns and operates the Sam Houston Race Park in Houston, Texas and the Valley Race Park in Harlingen, Texas, and holds a license for a racetrack in Austin, Texas. Sam Houston Race Park hosts thoroughbred and quarter-horse racing and offers daily simulcast operations, and Valley Race Park features dog racing and simulcasting. In addition, through a separate arrangement, the Company has a 50% interest in a joint ventureJV with Greenwood, Limited Jersey, Inc. (“Greenwood”), which owns and operates Freehold Raceway, in Freehold, New Jersey. The property features a half-mile standardbred racetrack and a grandstand.
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, the Company haswe determined that neither itsour Texas joint ventureJV nor itsour New Jersey joint ventureJV qualify as a VIE. Using the guidance for entities that are not VIEs, in both cases, the Company determined that it did not have a controlling financial interest in either of the joint venturesJVs as of and for the years ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, primarily as it did not have the ability to direct the activities of either of the joint venturesJVs that most significantly impacted the joint ventures’JVs’ economic performance without the input of MAXXAM or Greenwood, respectively. Therefore, the Company did not consolidate either of its investment in the joint venturesJVs as of and for the years ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017.2018.
Note 7—Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following:
| | | | December 31, | December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | |
| Property and equipment - non-Master Leases | | | | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Property and equipment - Not Subject to Master Leases | | | | |
| Land and improvements | $ | 343,987 |
| | $ | 294,695 |
| $ | 353.2 |
| | $ | 344.0 |
|
| Building, vessels and improvements | 342,944 |
| | 429,015 |
| 420.4 |
| | 343.0 |
|
| Furniture, fixtures and equipment | 1,565,830 |
| | 1,385,889 |
| 1,598.3 |
| | 1,565.8 |
|
| Leasehold improvements | 152,943 |
| | 130,801 |
| 183.6 |
| | 152.9 |
|
| Construction in progress | 25,473 |
| | 15,617 |
| 59.3 |
| | 25.5 |
|
| | 2,431,177 |
| | 2,256,017 |
| 2,614.8 |
| | 2,431.2 |
|
| Less: Accumulated depreciation | (1,400,198 | ) | | (1,345,147 | ) | (1,548.3 | ) | | (1,400.2 | ) |
| | 1,030,979 |
| | 910,870 |
| 1,066.5 |
| | 1,031.0 |
|
| Property and equipment - Master Leases | | | | |
| Property and equipment - Subject to Master Leases | | | | |
Land and improvements | 2,970,969 |
| | 424,700 |
| 1,525.9 |
| | 2,971.0 |
|
Building, vessels and improvements | 3,845,062 |
| | 2,258,577 |
| 3,664.6 |
| | 3,845.0 |
|
| | 6,816,031 |
| | 2,683,277 |
| 5,190.5 |
| | 6,816.0 |
|
| Less: Accumulated depreciation | (978,242 | ) | | (837,478 | ) | (1,136.8 | ) | | (978.2 | ) |
| | 5,837,789 |
| | 1,845,799 |
| 4,053.7 |
| | 5,837.8 |
|
| Property and equipment, net | $ | 6,868,768 |
| | $ | 2,756,669 |
| $ | 5,120.2 |
| | $ | 6,868.8 |
|
| |
| (1) | Upon adoption of ASC 842, approximately $1.4 billion of land was derecognized and replaced with operating lease ROU assets based on the present value of future lease payments and $180.4 million of building and improvements, gross, was derecognized and replaced with finance lease ROU assets based on the present value of future lease payments. See Note 3, “New Accounting Pronouncements.” |
Depreciation expense for all of our property and equipment was $251.9 million, $248.2 million and $261.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, of which, $112.1 million, $92.4 million and $91.1 million, pertained to real estate assets subject to either of our Master Leases, respectively. Interest capitalized in connection with major construction projects was zero, $0.2 million and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
Depreciation expense (1) | $ | 381.6 |
| | $ | 251.9 |
| | $ | 248.2 |
|
| |
| (1) | Of such amounts, $158.9 million, $112.1 million, and $92.4 million, respectively, pertained to real estate assets subject to either of our Master Leases. |
During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recorded $34.3 million of impairment on the property and equipment associated with our Resorts Casino Tunica, property, principally relating to the real estate assets subject to the Penn Master Lease.Lease, which is included in “Impairment losses” within our Consolidated Statements of Income. The charge was the result of an impairment assessment performed after reviewing the financial results and projected results of this facility,property, which hashad been impacted by nearby competition. This impairment is included in “Provision for loan lossWe subsequently ceased operations of Resorts Casino Tunica on June 30, 2019.
and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC, net of recoveries, and impairment losses” within our Consolidated Statements of Operations. For additional information, see Note 16, “Fair Value Measurements.”
Note 8—Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
A reconciliation of goodwill and accumulated goodwill impairment losses, by reportable segment, is as follows:
| | | (in thousands) | Northeast Segment | | South Segment | | West Segment | | Midwest Segment | | Other | | Total | |
| Balance as of January 1, 2017 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | Northeast | | South | | West | | Midwest | | Other | | Total |
| Balance as of January 1, 2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Goodwill, gross | $ | 792,024 |
| | $ | 100,929 |
| | $ | 158,992 |
| | $ | 1,045,983 |
| | $ | 155,322 |
| | $ | 2,253,250 |
| $ | 792.0 |
| | $ | 136.9 |
| | $ | 159.0 |
| | $ | 1,046.7 |
| | $ | 155.3 |
| | $ | 2,289.9 |
|
| Accumulated goodwill impairment losses | (707,593 | ) | | (34,522 | ) | | (1,812 | ) | | (435,283 | ) | | (84,355 | ) | | (1,263,565 | ) | (707.6 | ) | | (34.6 | ) | | (16.6 | ) | | (435.3 | ) | | (87.7 | ) | | (1,281.8 | ) |
| Goodwill, net | 84,431 |
| | 66,407 |
| | 157,180 |
| | 610,700 |
| | 70,967 |
| | 989,685 |
| 84.4 |
| | 102.3 |
| | 142.4 |
| | 611.4 |
| | 67.6 |
| | 1,008.1 |
|
Goodwill acquired during year (1) | — |
| | 35,929 |
| | — |
| | 669 |
| | — |
| | 36,598 |
| 56.4 |
| | 48.3 |
| | 51.4 |
| | 63.4 |
| | 0.8 |
| | 220.3 |
|
| Impairment losses during year | — |
| | — |
| | (14,821 | ) | | — |
| | (3,205 | ) | | (18,026 | ) | |
| Other | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (160 | ) | | (160 | ) | |
| Balance as of December 31, 2017 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Balance as of December 31, 2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Goodwill, gross | 792,024 |
| | 136,858 |
| | 158,992 |
| | 1,046,652 |
| | 155,322 |
| | 2,289,848 |
| 848.4 |
| | 185.2 |
| | 210.4 |
| | 1,110.1 |
| | 156.1 |
| | 2,510.2 |
|
| Accumulated goodwill impairment losses | (707,593 | ) | | (34,522 | ) | | (16,633 | ) | | (435,283 | ) | | (87,720 | ) | | (1,281,751 | ) | (707.6 | ) | | (34.6 | ) | | (16.6 | ) | | (435.3 | ) | | (87.7 | ) | | (1,281.8 | ) |
| Goodwill, net | 84,431 |
| | 102,336 |
| | 142,359 |
| | 611,369 |
| | 67,602 |
| | 1,008,097 |
| 140.8 |
| | 150.6 |
| | 193.8 |
| | 674.8 |
| | 68.4 |
| | 1,228.4 |
|
| Goodwill acquired during year | 56,400 |
| | 48,300 |
| | 51,431 |
| | 63,400 |
| | 794 |
| | 220,325 |
| 67.4 |
| | 44.2 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 111.6 |
|
| Balance as of December 31, 2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Impairment losses during year | | (10.3 | ) | | (17.4 | ) | | — |
| | (60.3 | ) | | — |
| | (88.0 | ) |
Other (1) | | (1.5 | ) | | 7.2 |
| | 6.4 |
| | 6.6 |
| | — |
| | 18.7 |
|
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Goodwill, gross | 848,424 |
| | 185,158 |
| | 210,423 |
| | 1,110,052 |
| | 156,116 |
| | 2,510,173 |
| 914.3 |
| | 236.6 |
| | 216.8 |
| | 1,116.7 |
| | 156.1 |
| | 2,640.5 |
|
| Accumulated goodwill impairment losses | (707,593 | ) | | (34,522 | ) | | (16,633 | ) | | (435,283 | ) | | (87,720 | ) | | (1,281,751 | ) | (717.9 | ) | | (52.0 | ) | | (16.6 | ) | | (495.6 | ) | | (87.7 | ) | | (1,369.8 | ) |
| Goodwill, net | $ | 140,831 |
| | $ | 150,636 |
| | $ | 193,790 |
| | $ | 674,769 |
| | $ | 68,396 |
| | $ | 1,228,422 |
| $ | 196.4 |
| | $ | 184.6 |
| | $ | 200.2 |
| | $ | 621.1 |
| | $ | 68.4 |
| | $ | 1,270.7 |
|
| |
| (1) | The amount inAmounts relate to adjustments made to the South segment originated frompreliminary purchase price allocation of Pinnacle during the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica,year ended December 31, 2019, prior to it being finalized, as described in Note 5, “Acquisitions and Other Investments.”Investments” |
2019 Annual Assessment for Impairment
As a result of September 30,our 2019 annual assessment for impairment, we recognized impairments on our goodwill, gaming licenses, and trademarks, of $88.0 million, $62.6 million, and $20.0 million, respectively. The impairments of goodwill were largely driven by increases in the carrying amount of certain of our reporting units as a result of decreases in the allocated amount of the financing obligation to such reporting units, which was driven by the adoption of ASC 842. The impairments of gaming licenses and trademarks were largely driven by reductions in the long-term projections for certain of our properties where competition has increased due to expansion of gaming legislation, primarily within the Northeast segment. The estimated fair values of the reporting units were determined through a combination of a DCF model and a market-based approach, which utilized Level 3 inputs. The estimated fair values of the gaming licenses and trademarks were determined by using DCF models, which utilized Level 3 inputs.
As noted in the table above, the goodwill impairments pertained to our Northeast, South and Midwest segments, in the amounts of $10.3 million, $17.4 million and $60.3 million, respectively. The gaming license impairments pertained to our Northeast and South segments in the amounts of $55.1 million and $7.5 million, respectively. The trademark impairments pertained to our Northeast, South and Midwest segments, in the amounts of $11.5 million, $6.5 million and $2.0 million, respectively.
2018 Annual Assessment for Impairment
During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company completed its 2018 annual assessment for impairment, which did not result in any impairment charges to goodwill or other intangible assets.
2017 Annual and Interim Assessments for Impairment
During the third quarter of 2017, the Company identified an indicator of impairment on its goodwill as a result of a reversal of a significant deferred tax valuation allowance, which caused increases in the carrying amounts of certain of our reporting units. As a result of an interim assessment for impairment, one of our reporting units within the goodwill at Tropicana Las VegasWest segment was fully impaired, resulting in an impairment charge of $14.8 million, and the goodwill at Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club, which is included in the Other category, was partially impaired, resulting in an impairment charge of $3.2 million. The estimated fair values of the reporting units were determined by using discounted cash flowDCF models, which utilized Level 3 inputs. These
During the year ended December 31, 2017, subsequent to the interim assessment discussed above, the Company completed its 2017 annual assessment for impairment, which did not result in any impairment charges to goodwill or other intangible assets.
The aforementioned impairments are included in “Provision for loan loss and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC, net of recoveries, and impairment“Impairment losses” within our Consolidated Statements of Operations.Income. See Note 18, “Fair Value Measurements,” for quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of other intangible assets. As of December 31, 2018, sixOctober 1, 2019, the date of the most recent annual impairment test, 3 reporting units had negative carrying amounts. The amount of goodwill at these reporting units was as follows (in thousands)millions): |
| | | |
| Northeast segment | |
| Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races | $ | 8,654 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Columbus | $ | 6,200 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Toledo | $ | 5,800 |
|
| South segment | |
| Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast | $ | 2,700 |
|
| Midwest segment | |
| Argosy Casino Alton | $ | 11,863 |
|
| Hollywood Casino Joliet | $ | 4,600 |
|
|
| | | |
| Northeast segment | |
| Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races | $ | 8.7 |
|
| Plainridge Park Casino | $ | 6.3 |
|
| Midwest segment | |
| Ameristar Council Bluffs | $ | 36.2 |
|
The table below presents the gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization, and net carrying amount of each major class of other intangible assets:
| | | | December 31, 2018 | | December 31, 2017 | December 31, 2019 | | December 31, 2018 |
| (in thousands) | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net Carrying Amount | | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net Carrying Amount | |
| (in millions) | | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net Carrying Amount | | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net Carrying Amount |
| Indefinite-lived intangible assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gaming licenses | $ | 1,498,309 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,498,309 |
| | $ | 374,709 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 374,709 |
| $ | 1,681.9 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,681.9 |
| | $ | 1,498.3 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,498.3 |
|
| Trademarks | 298,000 |
| | — |
| | 298,000 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| 302.4 |
| | — |
| | 302.4 |
| | 298.0 |
| | — |
| | 298.0 |
|
| Other | 696 |
| | — |
| | 696 |
| | 696 |
| | — |
| | 696 |
| 0.7 |
| | — |
| | 0.7 |
| | 0.7 |
| | — |
| | 0.7 |
|
| Amortizing intangible assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Customer relationships | 98,752 |
| | (51,544 | ) | | 47,208 |
| | 75,252 |
| | (42,432 | ) | | 32,820 |
| 104.4 |
| | (69.0 | ) | | 35.4 |
| | 98.8 |
| | (51.5 | ) | | 47.3 |
|
| Other | 61,918 |
| | (49,263 | ) | | 12,655 |
| | 56,231 |
| | (41,850 | ) | | 14,381 |
| 36.1 |
| | (30.0 | ) | | 6.1 |
| | 61.9 |
| | (49.3 | ) | | 12.6 |
|
| Total other intangible assets | $ | 1,957,675 |
| | $ | (100,807 | ) | | $ | 1,856,868 |
| | $ | 506,888 |
| | $ | (84,282 | ) | | $ | 422,606 |
| $ | 2,125.5 |
| | $ | (99.0 | ) | | $ | 2,026.5 |
| | $ | 1,957.7 |
| | $ | (100.8 | ) | | $ | 1,856.9 |
|
Other intangible assets increased by $1,434.3 million forDuring the year ended December 31, 2018 primarily due to2019, we paid $10.0 million for online and retail sports betting licenses in Pennsylvania and during the Pinnacle Acquisition, which is discussed in Note 5, “Acquisitions and Other Investments.” Additionally,year ended December 31, 2018, we purchased two Category 4 gaming licenses to operate up to 750 slot machines and initially up to 30 table games, under each license, in York County, Pennsylvania for $50.1 million and in Berks County, Pennsylvania for $7.5 million, and real money iGaming and sports betting licenses in Pennsylvania for $20.0 million, all of which have been classified as indefinite-lived intangible assets. There were no impairment charges recorded on other intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 or 2016. Our amortizing intangible assets have a weighted-average remaining amortization period of 3.5 years. Amortization expense relatingrelated to our amortizing intangible assets werewas $24.7 million, $17.1 million, $18.9 million, and $9.3$18.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016,2017, respectively. The following table presents the estimated amortization expense based on our amortizing intangible assets as of December 31, 20182019 (in thousands)millions):
| | | Years ending December 31: | | |
| 2019 | $ | 22,085 |
| |
| 2020 | 16,472 |
| $ | 19.7 |
|
| 2021 | 4,795 |
| 5.8 |
|
| 2022 | 4,063 |
| 3.9 |
|
| 2023 | 4,003 |
| 3.6 |
|
| 2024 | | 3.6 |
|
| Thereafter | 8,445 |
| 4.9 |
|
| Total | $ | 59,863 |
| $ | 41.5 |
|
Note 9—Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following:
|
| | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| (in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Accrued salaries and wages | $ | 142.1 |
| | $ | 139.2 |
|
| Accrued gaming, pari-mutuel, property, and other taxes | 103.3 |
| | 105.8 |
|
| Accrued interest | 13.0 |
| | 15.8 |
|
Other accrued expenses (1) | 225.8 |
| | 204.6 |
|
Other current liabilities (2) | 147.1 |
| | 112.6 |
|
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 631.3 |
| | $ | 578.0 |
|
| |
| (1) | Amounts include $38.3 million and $33.8 million, respectively, pertaining to the Company’s accrued progressive jackpot liability. Additionally, amounts include the obligation associated with our mychoice program and the current portion of advance payments on goods and services yet to be provided and for unpaid wagers, which are discussed in Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies.” |
| |
| (2) | Amounts include $80.1 million and $64.1 million, respectively, pertaining to the Company’s non-qualified deferred compensation plan that covers most management and other highly-compensated employees. |
Note 10—Long-term Debt
Long-term debt, net of current maturities, was as follows:
| | | | December 31, | December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | | | | | | |
| Revolving Credit Facility due 2023 | $ | 112,000 |
| | $ | — |
| $ | 140.0 |
| | $ | 112.0 |
|
| Term Loan A Facility due 2023 | 707,674 |
| | 288,750 |
| 672.3 |
| | 707.7 |
|
| Term Loan B Facility due 2024 | — |
| | 471,250 |
| |
| Term Loan B-1 Facility due 2025 | 1,128,750 |
| | — |
| 1,117.5 |
| | 1,128.7 |
|
| 5.625% Notes due 2027 | 400,000 |
| | 400,000 |
| 400.0 |
| | 400.0 |
|
| Other long-term obligations | 104,583 |
| | 119,310 |
| 89.2 |
| | 104.6 |
|
| Capital leases | 381 |
| | 891 |
| |
Capital leases (1) | | — |
| | 0.4 |
|
| | 2,453,388 |
| | 1,280,201 |
| 2,419.0 |
| | 2,453.4 |
|
| Less: Current maturities of long-term debt | (62,140 | ) | | (35,612 | ) | (62.9 | ) | | (62.1 | ) |
| Less: Debt discount | (2,748 | ) | | (2,558 | ) | (2.4 | ) | | (2.8 | ) |
| Less: Debt issuance costs | (38,412 | ) | | (27,406 | ) | (31.5 | ) | | (38.4 | ) |
| | $ | 2,350,088 |
| | $ | 1,214,625 |
| $ | 2,322.2 |
| | $ | 2,350.1 |
|
| |
| (1) | Reclassified to finance lease liabilities upon the adoption of ASC 842. |
The following is a schedule of future minimum repayments of long-term debt as of December 31, 20182019 (in thousands)millions):
| | | Year ending December 31: | | |
| 2019 | $ | 62,140 |
| |
| 2020 | 63,114 |
| $ | 62.9 |
|
| 2021 | 81,474 |
| 81.4 |
|
| 2022 | 99,919 |
| 99.9 |
|
| 2023 | 655,069 |
| 683.1 |
|
| 2024 | | 21.3 |
|
| Thereafter | 1,491,672 |
| 1,470.4 |
|
| Total minimum payments | $ | 2,453,388 |
| $ | 2,419.0 |
|
Senior Secured Credit Facilities
On October 30, 2013, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “2013 Credit Agreement”) providing for: (i) a five-year $500$500.0 million revolving credit facility (the “2013 Revolving Credit Facility”), (ii) a five-year $500$500.0 million term loan A facility (the “2013 Term Loan A Facility”) and (iii) a seven-year $250$250.0 million term loan B facility (the “2013 Term
Loan B Facility” and collectively with the 2013 Revolving Credit Facility and the 2013 Term Loan A Facility, the “2013 Senior Secured Credit Facilities”). The 2013 Term Loan A Facility was priced at LIBOR plus a spread (ranging from 1.25% to 2.75%) based on the Company’s Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the 2013 Credit Agreement). The 2013 Term Loan B Facility was priced at LIBOR plus 2.50%, with a 0.75% LIBOR floor.
On April 28, 2015, the Company entered into an agreement to amend its 2013 Credit Agreement (the “Amended 2013 Credit Agreement”). In August 2015, the Amended 2013 Credit Agreement went into effect, which increased the capacity under the 2013 Revolving Credit Facility to $633.2 million and increased the 2013 Term Loan A Facility to $646.7 million. The Amended 2013 Credit Agreement did not impact the 2013 Term Loan B Facility.
On January 19, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement to amend and restate its Amended 2013 Credit Agreement (the “2017 Credit Agreement”), which provided for: (i) a five-year $700$700.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), a five-year $300$300.0 million term loan A facility (the “Term Loan A Facility”), and a seven-year $500$500.0 million Term Loan B facility (the “Term Loan B Facility” and collectively with the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan A Facility, the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”).
On October 15, 2018, in connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition, the Companywe entered into an incremental joinder agreement (the “Incremental Joinder”), which amended the 2017 Credit Agreement (the “Amended 2017 Credit Agreement”). The Incremental Joinder provided for an additional $430.2 million of incremental loans having the same terms as the existing
Term Loan A Facility, with the exception of extending the maturity date, and an additional $1,128.8 million of loans as a new tranche having new terms (the “Term Loan B-1 Facility”). The proceeds resulting from the Incremental Joinder were used; together with cash on hand and proceeds received from (i) newly-issued shares of the Company’s common stock, (ii) the sale of the Divested Properties, to Boyd, (iii) the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback, and (iv) the sale of the real estate assets associated with Belterra Park to GLPI;Park; to (a) acquire all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Pinnacle, (b) repay in full Pinnacle’s existing senior secured credit facilities at the time of the acquisition, (c) redeem, repurchase, defease or satisfy and discharge in full Pinnacle’s outstanding 5.625% senior notes due 2024, (d) repay in full the Company’s outstanding borrowings under its Term Loan B Facility at the time of the acquisition, and (e) pay fees, costs and expenses associated with the foregoing. With the exception of extending the maturity date, the Incremental Joinder did not impact the Revolving Credit Facility.
The final maturity dates for the Term Loan A Facility and Term Loan B-1 Facility are October 19, 2023 and October 15, 2025, respectively. The applicable margin for the Term Loan A Facility ranges from 1.25% to 3.00% per annum for LIBOR loans and 0.25% to 2.00% per annum for base rate loans, in each case depending on the Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Amended 2017 Credit Agreement) as of the most recent fiscal quarter. The applicable margin for the Term Loan B-1 Facility is 2.25% per annum for LIBOR loans and 1.25% per annum for base rate loans. The Term Loan B-1 Facility is subject to a LIBOR “floor” of 0.75%. Prior to extinguishment, the applicable margin for the Term Loan B Facility was 2.50% per annum for LIBOR loans and 1.50% per annum for base rate loans. In addition, we pay a commitment fee on the unused portion of the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility at a rate that ranges from 0.20% to 0.50% per annum, depending on the Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio as of the most recent fiscal quarter.
As of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, the Company had conditional obligations under letters of credit issued pursuant to the Senior Secured Credit Facilities with face amounts aggregating $30.0 million and $22.1 million, respectively,in both periods, resulting in $558.0$530.0 million and $677.9$558.0 million of available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility, respectively.
For the year ended December 31, 2018, in connection with the debt financing transactions relating to the Pinnacle Acquisition and principal repayments on the Term Loan B Facility, the Company recorded $5.5 million in refinancing costs and a $21.0 million loss on early extinguishment of debt, related to refinancing costs on the extinguishment of the Term Loan B Facility and the write-off of debt issuance costs and the discount on the Term Loan B Facility. For the year ended December 31, 2017, in connection with the repayment of the 2013 Senior Secured Credit Facilities, the Company recorded $1.7 million in refinancing costs and a $2.3 million loss on early extinguishment of debt, related to the write-off of debt issuance costs and the discount on the 2013 Term Loan B Facility. The refinancing costs are included in “Other”“Other,” as reported in “Other income (expenses)” within our Consolidated Statements of Operations.Income.
The payment and performance of obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are guaranteed by a lien on and security interest in substantially all of the assets (other than excluded property, such as gaming licenses) of the Company and its subsidiaries.Company.
5.625% Senior Unsecured Notes
On January 19, 2017, the Company completed an offering of $400$400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.625% senior unsecured notes that mature on January 15, 2027 (the “5.625% Notes”) at a price of par. Interest on the 5.625% Notes is payable on January 15th and July 15th of each year. The 5.625% Notes will not be guaranteed by any of the Company’s subsidiaries except in the event that the Company in the future issues certain subsidiary-guaranteed debt securities. The Company may redeem the 5.625% Notes at any time on or after January 15, 2022, at the declining redemption premiums set
forth in the indenture governing the 5.625% Notes, and, prior to January 15, 2022, at a “make-whole” redemption premium set forth in the indenture governing the 5.625% Notes. In addition, prior to January 15, 2020, the Company may redeem the 5.625% Notes with an amount equal to the net proceeds from one or more equity offerings, at a redemption price equal to 105.625% of the principal amount of the 5.625% Notes redeemed, together with accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date, so long as at least 60% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes originally issued under the indenture remains outstanding and such redemption occurs within 180 days of closing of the related equity offering.
The Company used a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the 5.625% Notes to retire its existing 5.875% Notes (as defined below) and, along with loans funded under the 2017 Credit Agreement, repay amounts outstanding under its Amended 2013 Credit Agreement, including to fund related transaction fees and expenses. The remaining proceeds from the issuance of the 5.625% Notes were used for general corporate purposes.
Redemption of 5.875% Senior Subordinated Notes
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company redeemed all of its $300$300.0 million 5.875% senior subordinated notes (“5.875% Notes”), which were due in 2021. In connection with this redemption, the Company recorded a $21.1 million loss on early extinguishment of debt for the year ended December 31, 2017 related to the difference between the reacquisition price of the 5.875% Notes and their carrying amount.
Other Long-Term ObligationsInterest expense, net
Ohio Relocation Fees
As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, other long-term obligations included $91.3 million and $105.4 million, respectively, related to the relocation fees for Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway and Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course.
In June 2013, the Company finalized the terms of its memorandum of understanding with the State of Ohio, which included an agreement by the Company to pay a relocation fee in return for being able to relocate its existing racetracks in Toledo and Grove City to Dayton and Mahoning Valley, respectively. Upon opening of these two racinos in Ohio in September 2014, the relocation fee for each new racinoInterest expense, net, was recorded at the present value of the contractual obligation, which was calculated as $75.0 million based on the 5.0% discount rate included in the agreement. The relocation fee for each facility is payable as follows: $7.5 million upon the opening of the facility and eighteen semi-annual payments of $4.8 million beginning one year after the commencement of operations. This obligation is accreted to interest expense at an effective yield of 5.0%. The amount included in interest expense related to this obligation was $4.8 million, $5.5 million and $6.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Interest expense | $ | (535.9 | ) | | $ | (539.4 | ) | | $ | (467.0 | ) |
| Interest income | 1.4 |
| | 1.0 |
| | 3.6 |
|
| Capitalized interest | 0.3 |
| | — |
| | 0.2 |
|
| Interest expense, net | $ | (534.2 | ) | | $ | (538.4 | ) | | $ | (463.2 | ) |
Event CenterAs of December 31, 2018 and 2017, other long-term obligations included $13.2 million and $13.8 million, respectively, related to the repayment obligation of a hotel and event center located near Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg.
The City of Lawrenceburg Department of Redevelopment completed construction of a hotel and event center located less than a mile away from Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg. Effective in January 2015, by contractual agreement, a repayment obligation for the hotel and event center was assumed by a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company in the amount of $15.3 million, which was financed through a loan with the City of Lawrenceburg Department of Redevelopment, in exchange for conveyance of the property. The Company is obligated to make annual payments on the loan of $1.0 million for 20 years, which began in January 2016. This obligation is accreted to interest expense at its effective yield of 3.0%. The amount included in interest expense related to this obligation was $0.4 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.
Corporate Airplane Loan
On September 30, 2016, the Company acquired a previously-leased corporate airplane that was accounted for as a capital lease, which was financed through an amortizing loan at a fixed interest rate of 5.22% for a term of five years with monthly payments of $0.2 million and a balloon payment of $12.6 million at the end of the loan term. We repaid the loan in full on January 19, 2017.
Covenants
Our Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 5.625% Notes require us, among other obligations, to maintain specified financial ratios and to satisfy certain financial tests, including the Maximum Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio, Maximum Consolidated Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio and Minimum Interest Coverage Ratio (as such terms are defined in our Amended 2017 Credit Agreement) as well as the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the indenture governing our 5.625% Notes).tests. In addition, the Company’sour Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 5.625% Notes restrict, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, amend debt instruments, pay dividends, create liens on assets, make investments, engage in mergers or consolidations, and otherwise restrict corporate activities. As of December 31, 2018,2019, the Company was in compliance with all required financial covenants.
Other Long-Term Obligations
Ohio Relocation Fees
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, other long-term obligations included $76.4 million and $91.3 million, respectively, related to the relocation fees for Dayton and Mahoning Valley, which opened in August 2014 and September 2014, respectively. In June 2013, we finalized the terms of our memorandum of understanding with the State of Ohio, which included an agreement for us to pay a relocation fee in return for being able to relocate our existing racetracks in Toledo and Grove City to Dayton and Mahoning Valley, respectively. Upon opening Dayton and Mahoning Valley, each relocation fee was recorded at the present value of the contractual obligation, which was calculated as $75.0 million based on the 5.0% discount rate included in the agreement. Each relocation fee is payable as follows: $7.5 million upon opening and 18 semi-annual payments of $4.8 million beginning one year after opening. This obligation is accreted to interest expense at an effective yield of 5.0%. The amount included in interest expense related to this obligation was $4.1 million, $4.8 million and $5.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Event Center
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, other long-term obligations included $12.6 million and $13.2 million, respectively, related to the repayment obligation of a hotel and event center located less than a mile away from Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg, which was constructed by the City of Lawrenceburg Department of Redevelopment. Effective in January 2015, by contractual agreement, we assumed a repayment obligation for the hotel and event center in the amount of $15.3 million, which was financed through a loan with the City of Lawrenceburg Department of Redevelopment, in exchange for conveyance of the property. Beginning in January 2016, the Company was obligated to make annual payments on the loan of $1.0 million for 20 years. This obligation is accreted to interest expense at its effective yield of 3.0%. The amount included in interest expense related to this obligation was $0.4 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Note 10—Master Lease Financing Obligations and Lease Obligations11—Leases
Lessee
Master Lease Financing ObligationsLeases
The majorityUpon adoption of the gaming facilities used innew lease standard, components contained within the Company’s operations are subjectMaster Leases were determined to triple net master leases;be either (i) operating leases, (ii) finance leases, or (iii) financing obligations. Changes to future lease payments under the most significant ofMaster Leases (i.e., when future escalators become known or future variable rent resets occur), which are discussed below, require the Company to either (i) increase both the ROU assets and corresponding lease liabilities with respect to operating and finance leases or (ii) record the incremental variable payment associated with the financing obligation to interest expense.
Penn Master Lease
and the Pinnacle Master Lease. As discussed in Note 3, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” the Company’s Master Leases are accounted for as financing obligations. Contingent rental payments, such as escalators and the percentage rents not considered to be fixed at lease inception under the Penn Master Lease and the Pinnacle Master Lease are recorded as interest expense as incurred.Penn Master Lease
Pursuant to a triple net master lease with GLPI (the “Penn Master Lease”), which became effective November 1, 2013, the Company leases real estate assets associated with 2019 of the gaming facilities used in its operations. The Penn Master Lease has an initial term of 15 years with four4 subsequent, five-year renewal periods on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The Company has determined that the lease term is 35 years.
The payment structure under the Penn Master Lease includes a fixed component, a portion of which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2%, depending on the Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Penn Master Lease) of 1.8:1, and a component that is based on the performance of the facilities,properties, which is prospectively adjusted (i) every five years by an amount equal to 4% of the average change in net revenues of all facilitiesproperties under the Penn Master Lease compared to a contractual baseline (other than Hollywood Casino Columbus (“Columbus”) and Hollywood Casino Toledo)Toledo (“Toledo”)) compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding five years (“Penn Percentage Rent”) and (ii) monthly by an amount equal to 20% of the net revenues of Hollywood Casino Columbus and Hollywood Casino Toledo in excess of a contractual baseline.
In April 2014, we entered into an amendmentbaseline and subject to the Penn Master Lease in ordera rent floor specific to revise certain provisions relating to our former Argosy Casino Sioux City property. In accordance with that amendment, upon the cessation of gaming operations at Argosy Casino Sioux City on July 30, 2014, due to the termination of its gaming license, the annual payment to GLPI was reduced by $6.2 million. In addition, with the openings of Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway and Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course in September 2014, our annual payment increased by $19 million, which approximated 10% of the real estate construction costs paid for by GLPI related to these facilities.
In connection with the acquisitions of 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica in May 2017, the Company’s Penn Master Lease financing obligation increased by $82.6 million, which was the price paid by GLPI for the casinos’ underlying real estate assets.Toledo (see below). As a result of the additionannual escalator, the fixed component of these two properties to the Penn Master Lease, the annual rent payment increased by $9.0 million.
The Company has incurred annual escalators under the Penn Master Lease, which resulted in increases to the Company’s annual payment of$5.5 million, $5.4 million and $2.4 million and $4.5 million commencing oneffective as of November 1, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016,2017, respectively. Additionally, effective November 1, 2018, the Penn Percentage Rent reset resulted in an annual rent reduction of $11.3 million, which will be in effect until the next Penn Percentage Rent reset, occurring on November 1, 2023.
TotalAs a result of the annual escalator effective November 1, 2019, an additional ROU asset and corresponding lease payments underliability of $34.4 million were recognized associated with operating lease components and an additional ROU asset and corresponding lease liability of $3.1 million were recognized associated with finance lease components.
The acquisition of Greektown on May 23, 2019 activated a competition clause within the Penn Master Lease, which introduced a rent floor specific to Toledo. As a result, an additional ROU asset and corresponding lease liability of $151.2 million were recognized associated with operating lease components. Lease payments resulting from the rent floor associated with components determined to continue to be financing obligations are included in “Interest expense, net” within our Consolidated Statements of Income.
Monthly rent associated with Columbus and monthly rent in excess of the Toledo rent floor are considered contingent rent. Expense related to operating lease components associated with Columbus and Toledo are included in “General and administrative” within our Consolidated Statements of Income and the variable expense related to the financing obligation component is included in “Interest expense, net” within our Consolidated Statements of Income. The entire variable expense related to prior years was included in “Interest expense, net” pursuant to the failed sale-leaseback accounting treatment under ASC 840. Total monthly variable expenses were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Reduction of financing obligation | $ | 60,061 |
| | $ | 57,859 |
| | $ | 50,548 |
|
| Interest expense attributable to financing obligation | 401,483 |
| | 397,580 |
| | 391,738 |
|
| Total lease payments under the Penn Master Lease | $ | 461,544 |
| | $ | 455,439 |
| | $ | 442,286 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Variable expenses included in “General and administrative” | $ | 16.4 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Variable expenses included in “Interest expense, net” | 16.1 |
| | 48.9 |
| | 46.8 |
|
| Total variable expenses | $ | 32.5 |
| | $ | 48.9 |
| | $ | 46.8 |
|
The interest expense recognized for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 includes $48.9 million, $46.8 million and $43.8 million, respectively, from contingent payments associated with the monthly variable components for Hollywood Casino Columbus and Hollywood Casino Toledo.
Pinnacle Master Lease
In connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition, the Companywe assumed a triple net master lease with GLPI (the “Pinnacle Master Lease”), originally effective April 28, 2016, (“Pinnacle Master Lease”). Concurrent with the closing of the Pinnacle Acquisition on October 15, 2018, the Company entered into an amendmentpursuant to the Pinnacle Master Lease to, among other things, (i) remove Ameristar Casino Resort St. Charles, Ameristar Casino Hotel Kansas City and Belterra Casino Resort, which were sold to Boyd, and (ii) add Plainridge
Park Casino, whose real estate assets were sold to GLPI and concurrently leased back to the Company for a fixed annual rent of $25.0 million. Further, the rent payment under the Pinnacle Master Lease was increased by a fixed annual amount of $13.9 million to adjust the rent to reflect current market conditions. Reflecting this amendment, the Company leases real estate assets associated with twelve12 of the gaming facilities used in the Company’s operations from GLPI.
its operations. Upon assumption of the Pinnacle Master Lease, as amended, there were 7.5 years
remaining of the initial 10-yearten-year term, with five5 subsequent, five-year renewal periods, on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The Company has determined that the lease term is 32.5 years.
The payment structure under the Pinnacle Master Lease includes a fixed component, a portion of which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2%, depending on the Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Pinnacle Master Lease) of 1.8:1, and a component that is based on the performance of the facilities,properties, which is prospectively adjusted every two years by an amount equal to 4% of the average change in net revenues of all facilities under the Pinnacle Master Lease compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding two years (“Pinnacle Percentage Rent”). As a result of the annual escalator, the fixed component of rent increased by $1.0 million effective as of May 1, 2019. The next Pinnacle Percentage Rent reset willis scheduled to occur effectiveon May 1, 2020.
TotalAs a result of the annual escalator, an additional ROU asset and corresponding lease payments underliability of $3.8 million were recognized associated with operating lease components of the Pinnacle Master Lease were as follows:
|
| | | |
| (in thousands) | For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 |
| Reduction of financing obligation | $ | 7,351 |
|
| Interest expense attributable to financing obligation | 62,993 |
|
Total lease payments under the Pinnacle Master Lease (1) | $ | 70,344 |
|
| |
(1) | Includes $13.6 million pertaining to the period from October 15, 2018 through October 31, 2018, which was prepaid by Pinnacle. |
The future minimum payments related to the Penn Master Lease and Pinnacle Master Lease as of December 31, 2018 were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in thousands) | Penn Master Lease | | Pinnacle Master Lease | | Total |
| Year ending December 31: | | | | | |
| 2019 | $ | 347,384 |
| | $ | 329,245 |
| | $ | 676,629 |
|
| 2020 | 347,384 |
| | 308,067 |
| | 655,451 |
|
| 2021 | 347,384 |
| | 297,478 |
| | 644,862 |
|
| 2022 | 347,384 |
| | 297,478 |
| | 644,862 |
|
| 2023 | 347,384 |
| | 297,478 |
| | 644,862 |
|
| Thereafter | 8,626,711 |
| | 8,131,064 |
| | 16,757,775 |
|
| Total minimum lease payments | 10,363,631 |
| | 9,660,810 |
| | 20,024,441 |
|
| Less: Amounts representing interest | (7,100,050 | ) | | (7,285,956 | ) | | (14,386,006 | ) |
| Plus: Residual values | 215,179 |
| | 1,294,801 |
| | 1,509,980 |
|
| Present value of future minimum lease payments | 3,478,760 |
| | 3,669,655 |
| | 7,148,415 |
|
| Less: Current portion of financing obligation | (21,114 | ) | | (46,663 | ) | | (67,777 | ) |
| Long-term portion of financing obligation | $ | 3,457,646 |
| | $ | 3,622,992 |
| | $ | 7,080,638 |
|
Operating Lease CommitmentsLeases
The Company is liable under numerousCompany’s operating leases for various assets, including, but not limited to ground leases,consist mainly of (i) the Meadows Lease (as definedwith GLPI, (ii) the Margaritaville Lease with VICI, (iii) the Greektown Lease with VICI, (iv) ground and discussed below), automobiles,levee leases to landlords which were not assumed by our REIT Landlords and other equipment. Totalremain an obligation of the Company, and (v) building and equipment not subject to the Master Leases. Certain of our lease agreements include rental expense under allpayments based on a percentage of sales over specified contractual amounts, rental payments adjusted periodically for inflation, and rental payments based on usage. The Company’s leases include options to extend the lease terms. The Company’s operating lease agreements was $58.1 million, $45.4 milliondo not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
Meadows Lease, Margaritaville Lease, and $40.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
The future minimum lease commitments relating to the base lease rent portion of noncancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2018 were as follows (in thousands):
|
| | | |
| Year ending December 31: | |
| 2019 | $ | 43,913 |
|
| 2020 | 40,510 |
|
| 2021 | 30,497 |
|
| 2022 | 30,109 |
|
| 2023 | 28,454 |
|
| Thereafter | 272,492 |
|
| Total | $ | 445,975 |
|
MeadowsGreektown Lease
In connection with the Pinnacle Acquisition, we assumed the Company assumed a triple net lease of the real estate assets used in the operation of Meadows Racetrack and Casino,Lease, originally effective September 9, 2016 (the “Meadows Lease”), with GLPI as the landlord. The Meadows Lease is accounted for as an operating lease.
2016. Upon assumption of the Meadows Lease, there were 8.0eight years remaining of the initial 10-yearten-year term, with three3 subsequent, five-year renewal options followed by one1 four-year renewal option on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The payment structure under the Meadows Lease includes a fixed component (“Meadows Base Rent”), which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 5% for the initial term or until the lease year in which Meadows Base Rent plus Meadows Percentage Rent (see(as defined below) is a total of $31.0 million, subject to certain adjustments, and up to 2% thereafter, subject to an Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Meadows Lease) of 2.0:1. The Meadows“Meadows Percentage RentRent” is based on the performance, of the facilities, which is prospectively adjusted for the next two-year period equal to 4%4.0% of the average annual net revenues of the property during the trailing two-year period. As a result of the annual escalator, which was determined to be $0.8 million, effective October 1, 2019, an additional operating ROU asset and corresponding operating lease liability of $4.3 million were recognized. The next Meadows Percentage Rent reset willis scheduled to occur effectiveon October 1, 2020.
Total lease paymentsThe Margaritaville Lease has an initial term of 15 years, with 4 subsequent five-year renewal options on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The payment structure under the MeadowsMargaritaville Lease includes a fixed component (“Margaritaville Base Rent”), which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2% subject to an Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Margaritaville Lease) of 1.9:1, and a component that is based on performance, which is prospectively adjusted every two years by an amount equal to 4% of the average change in net revenues of the property compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding two years (“Margaritaville Percentage Rent”). The first Margaritaville Percentage Rent reset is scheduled to occur on February 1, 2021. On February 1, 2020, the Margaritaville Lease was amended to provide for a change in the measurement of the annual escalator. Under the amendment, the Margaritaville Base Rent is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2% subject to a minimum ratio of net revenue to rent of 6.1:1.
The Greektown Lease has an initial term of 15 years, with 4 subsequent five-year renewal options on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The payment structure under the Greektown Lease includes a fixed component (“Greektown Base Rent”), which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2% subject to an Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Greektown Lease) of 1.85:1, and a component that is based on performance, which is prospectively adjusted every two years by an amount equal to 4% of the average change in net revenues of the property compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding two years (“Greektown Percentage Rent”). The first Greektown Percentage Rent reset is scheduled to occur on June 1, 2021.
Information related to lease term and discount rate was as follows:
|
| | |
| December 31, 2019 |
| Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term | |
| Operating leases | 27.6 years |
|
| Finance leases | 28.6 years |
|
| Financing obligations | 30.4 years |
|
| |
| Weighted-Average Discount Rate | |
| Operating leases | 6.7 | % |
| Finance leases | 6.8 | % |
| Financing obligations | 8.1 | % |
The components of lease expense were $5.6as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Classification | | |
| (in millions) | Gaming Expense | | Food, Beverage, Hotel and Other Expense | | General and Administrative | | Interest Expense, net | | Depreciation and Amortization | | Total for the year ended December 31, 2019 |
| Operating Lease Costs | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rent expense associated with triple net leases classified as operating leases (1) | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 366.4 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 366.4 |
|
Operating lease cost (2) | 0.4 |
| | 0.5 |
| | 16.6 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 17.5 |
|
| Short-term lease cost | 53.8 |
| | 1.3 |
| | 1.5 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 56.6 |
|
Variable lease cost (2) | 2.8 |
| | — |
| | 1.1 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 3.9 |
|
| Total | $ | 57.0 |
| | $ | 1.8 |
| | $ | 385.6 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 444.4 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Finance Lease Costs | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense (3) | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 15.4 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 15.4 |
|
Amortization expense (3) | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 7.9 |
| | 7.9 |
|
| Total | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 15.4 |
| | $ | 7.9 |
| | $ | 23.3 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Financing Obligation Costs | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense (4) | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 394.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 394.1 |
|
| |
| (1) | Pertains to the components contained within the Master Leases (primarily land) determined to be operating leases, the Meadows Lease, the Margaritaville Lease, and the Greektown Lease, inclusive of the variable expense associated with Columbus and Toledo for the operating lease components (the land) (see table above). |
| |
| (2) | Excludes the operating lease costs and variable lease costs pertaining to our triple net leases with our REIT landlords classified as operating leases, discussed in footnote (1) above. |
| |
| (3) | Primarily pertains to the Dayton and Mahoning Valley finance leases. |
| |
| (4) | Pertains to the components contained within the Master Leases (primarily buildings) determined to continue to be financing obligations, inclusive of the variable expense associated with Columbus and Toledo for the finance lease components (the buildings) (see table above). |
Total rent expense under all operating lease agreements pursuant to the accounting treatment under ASC 840 was $58.1 million duringand $45.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:
|
| | | |
| (in millions) | For the year ended December 31, 2019 |
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities | |
| Operating cash flows from finance leases | $ | 15.4 |
|
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | 403.6 |
|
| Financing cash flows from finance leases | $ | 6.2 |
|
The following is a maturity analysis of our operating leases, finance leases and financing obligations as of December 31, 2019:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Operating Leases | | Finance Leases | | Financing Obligations |
| Years ending December 31: | | | | | |
| 2020 | $ | 424.0 |
| | $ | 21.7 |
| | $ | 374.7 |
|
| 2021 | 403.7 |
| | 21.7 |
| | 367.3 |
|
| 2022 | 400.6 |
| | 21.6 |
| | 367.3 |
|
| 2023 | 397.5 |
| | 20.8 |
| | 367.3 |
|
| 2024 | 381.0 |
| | 16.7 |
| | 367.3 |
|
| Thereafter | 8,153.3 |
| | 393.5 |
| | 9,270.6 |
|
| Total lease payments | 10,160.1 |
| | 496.0 |
| | 11,114.5 |
|
| Less: Imputed interest | (5,585.4 | ) | | (270.1 | ) | | (6,971.8 | ) |
| Present value of future lease payments | 4,574.7 |
| | 225.9 |
| | 4,142.7 |
|
| Less: Current portion of lease obligations | (124.1 | ) | | (6.5 | ) | | (40.5 | ) |
| Long-term portion of lease obligations | $ | 4,450.6 |
| | $ | 219.4 |
| | $ | 4,102.2 |
|
During the year ended December 31, 2019, total payments made under the Triple Net Leases were $869.8 million. During the year ended December 31, 2018, of which $3.8 million was recorded as rent expense, which is includedtotal payments made under the Master Leases and Meadows Lease were $537.4 million. During the year ended December 31, 2017, total payments made under the Penn Master Lease were $455.4 million.
Lessor
The Company leases its hotel rooms to patrons and records the corresponding lessor revenue in “General“Food, beverage, hotel and administrative”other revenues” within our Consolidated Statements of Operations.Income. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, the Company recognized $311.0 million, $163.6 million, and $129.9 million, of lessor revenues related to the rental of hotel rooms, respectively. Hotel leasing arrangements vary in duration, but are short-term in nature. The cost and accumulated depreciation of property and equipment associated with hotel rooms is included in “Property and equipment, net” within our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Note 11—12—Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
The Company is subject to various legal and administrative proceedings relating to personal injuries, employment matters, commercial transactions, development agreements and other matters arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company does not believe that the final outcome of these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations. In addition,Although the Company maintains what it believes is adequate insurance coverage to further mitigate the risksrisk of such proceedings. However, suchloss pertaining to covered matters, legal and administrative proceedings can be costly, time consumingtime-consuming and unpredictable and; therefore, no assurance can be given that the final outcome of such proceedings may not materially impact the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations. Further, no assurance can be given that the amount or scope of existing insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover losses arising from such matters.
Legal proceedings could result in costs, settlements, damages, or rulings that materially impact the Company’s consolidated financial condition or operating results.unpredictable. The Company believes that it has meritorious defenses, claims and/or counter-claims with respect to these proceedings, and intends to vigorously defend itself or pursue its claims.
Although no assurance can be given, the Company does not believe that the final outcome of these matters, including costs to defend itself in such matters, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Further, no assurance can be given that the amount or scope of existing insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover losses arising from such matters.
Location Share Agreements
The Company’s subsidiary, PSG,Prairie State Gaming (“PSG”) enters into location share agreements with bar and retail establishments in Illinois. These agreements are contracts which allow PSG to place VGTs in the bar or retail establishment in exchange for a percentage of the variable revenue generated by the VGTs. PSG holds the gaming license with the state of Illinois and the location share percentage is determined by the state of Illinois. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016,2017, the total location share payments made by PSG, which are recorded within our Consolidated Statements of OperationsIncome as gaming expenses, were $33.1 million, $34.7 million, $29.7 million, and $21.2$29.7 million, respectively.
Purchase Obligations
The Company has obligations to purchase various goods and services totaling $97.2$126.4 million as of December 31, 2018,2019, of which $64.9$70.4 million will be incurred in 2019.2020.
Capital Expenditure Commitments
The Company’s properties that are subjectPursuant to eithereach of the Masterour Triple Net Leases, we are obligated to spend a minimum of 1% of annual net revenues, forin the aggregate under each lease, on the maintenance of thosesuch facilities.
Labor Agreements
The Company is required to have agreements with the horsemen at the majority of its racetracks to conduct its live racing and/or simulcasting activities. In addition, in order to operate gaming machines and table games in West Virginia, the Company must maintain agreements with each of the Charles Town horsemen, pari-mutuel clerks and breeders.
At Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races, the Company has an agreement with the Charles Town Horsemen’s Benevolent and Protective Association, which expired on June 18, 2018, but has been extended until April 18, 2019. Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races also has an agreement with the breeders that expires on June 30, 2019. Additionally, the pari-mutuel clerks at Charles Town are represented under a collective bargaining agreement with the West Virginia Union of Mutuel Clerks, which expired on December 31, 2010, but has been extended on a month-to-month basis.
The Company’s agreement with the Pennsylvania Horsemen’s Benevolent and Protective Association at Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course was renewed through January 31, 2020. The Company has an agreement with Laborers’ International Union of North America Local 108, regarding both on-track and off-track pari-mutuel clerks and admission staff, which expires on December 1, 2021. The Company has an agreement, which runs through August 2021, with the International Chapter of Horseshoers and Allied Equine Trades Local 947 regarding starting gate and jockey valet staff.
The Company’s agreement with the Meadows Standardbred Owners Clubs Association was renewed through December 31, 2018. Meadows Racetrack and Casino has existing collective bargaining agreements with (1) The International Union, Security, Police and Fire Professionals of America and Local #508, which expires August 16, 2020, (2) UNITE/Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees (“HERE”) Local 57, which expires on September 11, 2020, and (3) Laborers Local Union #108 On-Track and Off-Track, which expires on March 31, 2022.
We are in the process of extending the Company’s agreement with the Maine Harness Horsemen Association at Bangor Raceway through the conclusion of the 2020 racing season.
In March 2014, Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course entered into an agreement with the Ohio Horsemen’s Benevolent and Protective Association. The term is for a period of ten years from the September 2014 commencement of video lottery terminal operations at that facility. Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway entered into a ten-year agreement with the Ohio Harness Horsemen’s Association for racing at the property in September 2015. In January 2014, Plainridge Park Casino entered into an agreement with the Harness Horsemen’s Association of New England, which expired on December 31, 2018 and is currently under negotiation.
Across certain of the Company’s properties, Seafarers Entertainment and Allied Trade Union (“SEATU”) represents approximately 1,628 of the Company’s employees under a National Agreement that expires on January 24, 2032 and Local Addenda that expire at various times between June 2021 and October 2024.
SEATU agreements are in place at Hollywood Casino Joliet, Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg, Argosy Casino Riverside, Argosy Casino Alton, Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway, Hollywood Gaming Dayton, Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley, Plainridge Park Casino, and Ameristar East Chicago. Argosy Alton has a wage reopener in 2019; Plainridge Park Casino wage reopener from October 2018 is still outstanding. The remainder of the SEATU agreements have expiration dates in 2020 and beyond.
At Hollywood Casino Joliet, the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union Local 1 represents approximately 172 employees under a collective bargaining agreement which expires on March 31, 2019. At Hollywood Casino Columbus and Hollywood Casino Toledo, a council comprised of the United Auto Workers and the United Steel Workers represents approximately 1,254 employees under a collective bargaining agreement which ends on November 15, 2019.
Ameristar East Chicago has existing collective bargaining agreements with (1) SEATU, which expires on July 30, 2023 and (2) UNITE/HERE Best and Final, which expired April 30, 2018 and has been extended on a year-to-year basis.
Tropicana Las Vegas has seven existing collective bargaining agreements with the following unions: (1) Culinary & Bartenders, which expired on May 31, 2018 and continues year to year at the discretion of either party, (2) United Brotherhood of Carpenters, which expires on July 31, 2019, (3) International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, which expires on February 28, 2021, (4) International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, which expired on December 31, 2018 and continues year to year at the discretion of either party, (5) International Union of Painters and Allied Trades, which expired on June 30, 2018 and continues year to year at the discretion of either party, and (6)/(7) Teamsters, regarding front and back of the house; both agreements expired on March 31, 2018 and have been extended on a year-to-year basis.
If the Company fails to maintain operative agreements with the horsemen at a track, it will not be permitted to conduct live racing and export and import simulcasting at that track and off-track wagering facilities (“OTWs”) and, in West Virginia, the Company will not be permitted to operate its gaming machines and table games unless the state intervenes or changes the statute. In addition, the Company’s simulcasting agreements are subject to the horsemen’s approval. If the Company fails to renew or modify existing agreements on satisfactory terms, this failure could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations. Except for the closure of the facilities at Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course and its OTWs from February 16, 1999 to March 24, 1999 due to a horsemen’s strike, and a few days at other times and locations, the Company has been able to maintain the necessary agreements. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to maintain the required agreements.
Employee Benefit Plans
The Company maintains a qualified retirement plan under the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which covers all eligible employees (the “Penn 401(k) Plan”). The Penn 401(k) Plan enables participating employees to defer a portion of their salary in a retirement fund to be administered by the Company. The Company makes a discretionary match contribution, where applicable, of 50% of employees’ elective salary deferrals, up to a maximum of 6% of eligible employee compensation. The matching contributions to the Penn 401(k) Plan for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 and 2016 were $11.7 million, $6.5 million, $6.0 million, and $5.3$6.0 million, respectively.
The Company also has a defined contribution plan, the Charles Town Races Future Service Retirement Plan, covering substantially all of its union employees at Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races. Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races makes annual contributions to the defined contribution plan for the eligible union employees and to the Penn 401(k) Plan for the eligible non-union employees for an amount equal to the amount accrued for retirement expense, which is calculated as 0.25% of the daily mutual handle, 1.0% of net video lottery revenue up to a base and, after the base is met, it reverts to 0.5% and 0.84% of table and poker revenue, respectively. The contributions for the two plans at Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were $2.6 million, $2.6 million, and $2.8 million, respectively.
The Company maintainsWe maintain a non-qualified deferred compensation plan (the “EDC Plan”) that covers most management and other highly-compensated employees. The EDC Plan was effective beginning March 1, 2001. The EDC Plan allows the participants to defer, on a pre-tax basis, a portion of their base annual salary and/or their annual bonus and earn tax-deferred earnings on these deferrals. The EDC Plan also provides for matching Company contributions that vest over a five-year period. The Company has established a trust, and transfers to the trust, on a periodic basis, an amount necessary to provide for its respective future liabilities with respect to participant deferral and Company contribution amounts. The Company’s matching contributions for the EDC Plan for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 20162017 were $2.3 million, $2.2$2.3 million, and $2.2 million, respectively. The Company’sOur deferred compensation liability, which is included in “Other“Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” within the Consolidated Balance Sheets, was $64.1$80.1 million and $64.7$64.1 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Labor Agreements
We are required to have agreements with the horsemen at the majority of our racetracks to conduct our live racing and/or simulcasting activities. In addition, in order to operate gaming machines and 2017, respectively.table games in West Virginia, the Company must maintain agreements with each of the Charles Town horsemen, pari-mutuel clerks and breeders. As of December 31, 2019, we had 31 collective bargaining agreements covering approximately 5,900 employees. NaN collective bargaining agreements are scheduled to expire in 2020, and we are currently renegotiating 3 collective bargaining agreements that expired in 2019.
Note 12—13—Income Taxes
On December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed into law comprehensive tax reform legislation commonly known as Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), which introduces significant changes to the United States tax law. The Tax Act provides numerous provisions including, but not limited to, a reduction to the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018, a temporary provision allowing 100% expensing of qualifying capital improvements, a one-time transition tax on foreign earnings, a general elimination of U.S. federal income taxes on dividends received from foreign subsidiaries and a new provision designed to tax global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”).
Also on December 22, 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”), which provided accounting guidance for the Tax Act. SAB 118 provided a measurement period similar to a business combination whereby a company recognizes provisional amounts to the extent that they are reasonably estimable and adjusts them over time as more information becomes available, not to extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment date. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax effects of the Tax Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent
the accounting related to the Tax Act is incomplete but a reasonable estimate is attainable, a provisional estimate should be reflected within the financial statements.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded a provisional amount for certain enactment-date effects of the Tax Act by applying the guidance in SAB 118 for the effects of the following aspects: remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities, one-time transition tax, and tax on GILTI. As of December 31, 2018, the accounting for all enactment-date income tax effects of the Tax Act was complete resulting in an adjustment to income tax expense of $1.2 million, which increased the effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2018 by 1.3%.
In connection with our initial analysis of the Tax Act impact during 2017, we recorded a provisional decrease to net deferred tax assets of $261.3 million with a corresponding increase to deferred tax expense to account for the change in the federal tax rate to 21%. The Company’s computations were complete as of December 22, 2018, and a change of $0.3 million was recorded in the current year for the remeasurement of our net deferred tax assets. Beginning in 2018, the new federal rate of 21% has been reflected in the current federal tax expense within our Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Additionally, there was a one-time deemed repatriation tax on undistributed foreign earnings and profits (the “transition tax”). The application of the transition tax was relevant to certain undistributed and previously untaxed post-1986 foreign earnings and profits from our management service contract with Casino Rama located in Orillia, Ontario. The Company recognized a provisional tax expense of $2.6 million related to the transition tax in 2017 and the new law allows a Company to pay this liability over an eight-year period without interest. Upon further analysis of the Tax Act and published guidance issued and proposed by the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service, we finalized our calculations of the transition tax liability during 2018. We increased our December 31, 2017 provisional amount by $0.9 million, which is included as a component of income tax expense. We have elected to pay our transition tax over the eight-year period provided in the Tax Act. As of December 31, 2018, the remaining balance of our transition tax obligation was $3.2 million, which will be paid over the next seven years. The Tax Act also contained a new GILTI tax provision and due to the complexity and timing of the enactment, the Company did not record any provisional amount in the December 31, 2017 Consolidated Financial Statements, or make a policy decision regarding whether to record deferred taxes related to GILTI. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company has made an accounting policy election to treat taxes due under the GILTI tax provision as a current period expense. The GILTI provision resulted in a current period expense of $0.3 million.
The following table summarizes the tax effects of temporary differences between the Consolidated Financial Statements carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis, which are recorded at the prevailing enacted tax rate that will be in effect when these differences are settled or realized. These temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years. The Company assessed all available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to realize our existing net deferred tax assets. In connection with the failed spin-off-leaseback, the Company continued to record real estate assets and a financing obligation of $2.0 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively, on November 1, 2013, which resulted in a substantial increase to our net deferred tax assets of $599.9 million. ASC 740 suggests that additional scrutiny should be given to deferred taxes of an entity with cumulative pre-tax losses during the most recent three years. Positive evidence of sufficient quantity and quality is required to overcome such significant negative evidence to conclude that a valuation allowance is not warranted.
The components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows:
| | | | December 31, | December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Deferred tax assets: | | | | | | |
| Stock-based compensation expense | $ | 8,998 |
| | $ | 15,038 |
| $ | 11.7 |
| | $ | 9.0 |
|
| Accrued expenses | 42,897 |
| | 39,474 |
| 37.6 |
| | 42.9 |
|
| Loan to the JIVDC | — |
| | 26,237 |
| |
| Financing obligations associated with Master Leases | 1,919,718 |
| | 900,311 |
| |
| Financing obligations associated with the Master Leases | | 1,097.6 |
| | 1,919.7 |
|
| Unrecognized tax benefits | 6,732 |
| | 6,565 |
| 7.7 |
| | 6.7 |
|
| Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 3,579 |
| | — |
| |
| Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates | | — |
| | 3.6 |
|
| Net operating losses, interest limitation and tax credit carryforwards | 122,785 |
| | 59,842 |
| 87.6 |
| | 122.8 |
|
| Gross deferred tax assets | 2,104,709 |
| | 1,047,467 |
| 1,242.2 |
| | 2,104.7 |
|
| Less: Valuation allowance | (89,508 | ) | | (113,699 | ) | (54.2 | ) | | (89.5 | ) |
| Net deferred tax assets | 2,015,201 |
| | 933,768 |
| 1,188.0 |
| | 2,015.2 |
|
| Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | | | |
| Property and equipment, non-Master Leases | (47,308 | ) | | (33,148 | ) | |
| Property and equipment, Master Leases | (1,599,907 | ) | | (469,363 | ) | |
| Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | — |
| | (1,218 | ) | |
| Property and equipment, not subject to the Master Leases | | (53.1 | ) | | (47.3 | ) |
| Property and equipment, subject to the Master Leases | | (1,088.9 | ) | | (1,599.9 | ) |
| Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates | | (2.9 | ) | | — |
|
| Undistributed foreign earnings | (349 | ) | | (2,061 | ) | (0.4 | ) | | (0.4 | ) |
| Intangibles | (287,025 | ) | | (37,035 | ) | |
| Intangible assets | | (287.3 | ) | | (287.0 | ) |
| Net deferred tax liabilities | (1,934,589 | ) | | (542,825 | ) | (1,432.6 | ) | | (1,934.6 | ) |
| Noncurrent deferred tax assets, net | $ | 80,612 |
| | $ | 390,943 |
| |
| Long-term deferred tax assets (liabilities), net | | $ | (244.6 | ) | | $ | 80.6 |
|
WeUpon adoption of the new lease standard on January 1, 2019, we recorded a $1.0 billion increase$739.2 million decrease in grossnet deferred income tax assets associated with our financing obligations and $1.4 billion increase$435.4 million decrease in grossnet deferred tax liabilities in connection with the acquisition of Pinnacle, which were primarily related to temporary differences associated with the financing obligation on the Pinnacle Master Lease, acquired net operating losses, and property and equipment assumed under the Pinnaclethat is subject to our Master Lease,Leases. The net amount of these two adjustments was recorded as amended. Pinnacle properties will now be included in our consolidated federal and state tax returns, which impacted our effective tax rate in certain jurisdictions in the fourth quarter 2018.a decrease to stockholders’ equity (see Note 3, “New Accounting Pronouncements”).The realizability of the net deferred tax assets is evaluated quarterly by assessing the need for a valuation allowance and by adjusting the amount of the allowance, if necessary. The Company gives appropriate consideration to all available positive and negative evidence including projected future taxable income and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. The evaluation of both positive and negative evidence is a requirement pursuant to ASC 740 in determining the net deferred tax assets will be realized. In the event the Company determines that the deferred income tax assets would be realized in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be recorded, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.
The Company determined that a valuation allowance was no longer required against its federal and state net deferred tax assets for the portion that will be realized. The most significant evidence that led to the reversalAs of the valuation allowance during the three months ended September 30, 2017 included the following:
| |
• | Achievement and sustained growth in our three-year cumulative pretax earnings. During the fourth quarter 2016, we emerged from a three-year cumulative pretax loss position, generating a near break-even cumulative amount of pretax income. This cumulative pretax income increased to $76.6 million as of September 30, 2017 and was expected to rise substantially at year-end since the Company had recorded a $161.5 million pretax loss in the fourth quarter 2014 due to impairment charges of $155.3 million in that period.
|
| |
• | Substantial pretax income in seven of the last eight quarters with the only loss reported eight quarters ago.
|
| |
• | Lack of significant goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges expected in 2017.The Company had experienced significant impairment charges in connection with the spin-off of its real estate assets to GLPI in November 2013. The Company recorded impairment charges totaling $40.0 million, $159.9 million and $798.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. There were no impairments recorded in 2016 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recorded impairments of $29.9 million.
|
For the three months ended December 31, 2017, there were no material changes to our core business operations that altered our prior interim conclusion to release the valuation allowance against the federal and state net deferred tax assets for the portion that is more-likely-than-not to be realized. As such,2019, the Company released $741.9 million of its total valuation allowance for the year ended December 31, 2017 due to the positive evidence outweighing the negative evidence thereby allowing the Company to achieve the “more-likely-than-not” realization standard. Moreover, the Company continued to experiencehas significant three-year cumulative pretax income of $185.5$150.9 million, as of December 31, 2018 supporting the position that a federal valuation allowance is not necessary excludingexcept for the valuation allowance recorded on the federal capital loss carryforwards. The Company continues to maintain a valuation allowance of $54.2 million as of December 31, 2019 primarily related to certain state filing groups where we continue to be in a three-year cumulative pretax loss position.
During the three monthsyear ended December 31, 2018, we released a partial valuation allowance on a capital loss carryforward in the amount of $22.4 million that offset the capital gain realized on the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback. This reversal is reflected in our income tax benefit within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company continued to maintainIncome.
During the third quarter of 2017, we determined that a valuation allowance was no longer required against our federal and state net deferred tax assets for the portion that will be realized. The most significant evidence that led to the reversal of $89.5 millionour valuation allowance as of the aforementioned period included, (i) the achievement and sustained growth in our three-year cumulative pretax earnings, (ii) substantial pretax income in seven of the last eight quarters with the only loss reported eight quarters ago, and (iii) the lack of significant goodwill and other intangible asset impairment losses expected in 2017. During the fourth quarter of 2017, there were no material changes to our core business operations that altered our prior interim conclusion to release the valuation allowance against the federal and state net deferred tax assets for the portion that is more-likely-than-not to be realized. As such, we released $741.9 million of our total valuation allowance for the year ended December 31, 20182017 due to the positive evidence outweighing the negative evidence thereby allowing us to achieve the more-likely-than-not realization standard.
Overall, our valuation allowance decreased year-over-year by a net amount of $35.3 million, primarily relateddue to certainthe adoption of the new lease standard as of January 1, 2019, and was recorded as an increase to stockholders’ equity. The impact of the new lease standard was partially offset by an increase in the valuation allowance for state filing groups where we continue to be in a cumulative three-year pretaxnet operating loss position.carryforwards.
Following the ownership changes of the Tropicana Las Vegas, and more recently the Pinnacle Acquisition, the Company had $252.8has $120.3 million of total gross federal net operating loss carryforwards and a Section 163(j) interest limitation carryforward of $18.0 million. The portion of tax attributes that will expire on various dates from 2020 through 2037 is $182.1 million.2035. The remaining tax attributes do not expire. The utilization of indefiniteCompany acquired federal net operating loss carryforwards is limited to 80%from the Pinnacle Acquisition, which were fully utilized as of taxable income in any given year. As management receives additional information during the measurement period, the tax attributes acquired from Pinnacle may be adjusted through goodwill and accounted for in the period they arise.December 31, 2019. All acquired tax attributes are subject to limitations under the Internal Revenue Code and underlying Treasury Regulations, however, we believe it is more-likely-than-not that the benefit from these tax attributes will be realized.
For state income tax reporting, the Companyas of December 31, 2019, we had gross state net operating loss carryforwards aggregating approximately $835.2$766.2 million available to reduce future state income taxes, primarily for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the States of Colorado, Iowa, Louisiana, Missouri, New Mexico Louisiana, Iowa, Illinois, and Ohio localities as of December 31, 2018.localities. The tax benefit associated with these net operating loss carryforwards was approximately $53.2$52.2 million. Due to statutorily limited operating loss carryforwards and income and loss projections in the applicable jurisdictions, a valuation allowance has been recorded to reflect the net operating losses which are not presently expected to be realized in the amount of $32.1$36.4 million. If not used, substantially all the carryforwards will expire at various dates from December 31, 2019 to2020 through December 31, 2038. The increase in total gross state net operating loss carryforwards was largely due to the tax attributes acquired upon closing the Pinnacle Acquisition. Following the ownership change, the Company acquired approximately $382.0 million of gross state net operating loss carryforwards available to reduce future state income taxes.
Overall, the Company’s valuation allowance decreased year-over-year by a net amount of $24.2 million, primarily due to the partial recognition of a capital loss carryforward associated with the loan to the JIVDC that offset the capital gain recognized from the Plainridge Park Casino Sale-Leaseback. The tax effects of the Pinnacle Acquisition were immaterial to the Company’s valuation allowance; however, they are preliminary and subject to change during the measurement period. A change in purchase accounting may affect the recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities and our effective rate in a future period.2039.
The domestic and foreign components of income (loss) before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 20162017 were as follows:
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Domestic | $ | 89,582 |
| | $ | (29,538 | ) | | $ | 116,693 |
| $ | 85.5 |
| | $ | 89.6 |
| | $ | (29.6 | ) |
| Foreign | 339 |
| | 4,494 |
| | 3,924 |
| 0.6 |
| | 0.3 |
| | 4.5 |
|
| Total | $ | 89,921 |
| | $ | (25,044 | ) | | $ | 120,617 |
| $ | 86.1 |
| | $ | 89.9 |
| | $ | (25.1 | ) |
The provision forcomponents of income taxes charged to operationstax benefit (expense) for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 and 2016 waswere as follows:
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Current tax benefit (expense) | | | | | | | | | | |
| Federal | $ | (15,336 | ) | | $ | (16,318 | ) | | $ | (8,721 | ) | $ | (12.5 | ) | | $ | (15.3 | ) | | $ | (16.3 | ) |
| State | (6,402 | ) | | (6,062 | ) | | (3,489 | ) | (9.2 | ) | | (6.4 | ) | | (6.1 | ) |
| Foreign | (1,349 | ) | | 2,981 |
| | 9,639 |
| (0.2 | ) | | (1.4 | ) | | 3.0 |
|
| Total current | (23,087 | ) | | (19,399 | ) | | (2,571 | ) | (21.9 | ) | | (23.1 | ) | | (19.4 | ) |
| Deferred tax benefit (expense) | | | | | | | | | | |
| Federal | 14,576 |
| | 480,712 |
| | (4,701 | ) | (16.7 | ) | | 14.6 |
| | 480.7 |
|
| State | 10,945 |
| | 39,255 |
| | (3,279 | ) | (4.4 | ) | | 10.9 |
| | 39.3 |
|
| Foreign | 1,159 |
| | (2,061 | ) | | (756 | ) | — |
| | 1.2 |
| | (2.1 | ) |
| Total deferred | 26,680 |
| | 517,906 |
| | (8,736 | ) | (21.1 | ) | | 26.7 |
| | 517.9 |
|
| Total income tax benefit (expense) | $ | 3,593 |
| | $ | 498,507 |
| | $ | (11,307 | ) | $ | (43.0 | ) | | $ | 3.6 |
| | $ | 498.5 |
|
On December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed into law comprehensive tax reform legislation commonly known as Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), which most notably, reduced the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2017, we recorded a provisional amount for certain enactment-date effects of the Tax Act, resulting in a net charge of $266.0 million included as income tax expense within the Consolidated Statements of Income consisting of three components: (i) a $261.3 million charge due to the revaluation of the net deferred tax assets in the U.S. based on the new lower federal income tax rate, (ii) a $2.6 million charge related to the one-time mandatory repatriation tax on previously deferred earnings from our wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary (which we will pay interest-free over eight years) and (iii) a $2.1 million foreign withholding tax charge due to the new favorable U.S. treatment of foreign dividends whereby we have changed our indefinite reinvestment assertion. During the year ended December 31, 2018, we finalized our assessment of the effects of the Tax Act, resulting in a $1.2 million increase to the provisional amount, which increased the effective tax rate by 1.3%.
The following table reconciles the statutory federal income tax rate to the actual effective income tax rate, and related amounts of income tax benefit (expense), for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016:2017:
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Percent of pretax income | | | | | | |
| (in millions, except tax rates) | | Percent | | Amount | | Percent | | Amount | | Percent | | Amount |
| Percent and amount of pretax income | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Federal statutory rate | 21.0 | % | | 35.0 | % | | 35.0 | % | 21.0 | % | | $ | (18.1 | ) | | 21.0 | % | | $ | (18.9 | ) | | 35.0 | % | | $ | 8.8 |
|
| State and local income taxes - net of federal benefits | (6.2 | ) | | 6.3 |
| | 1.2 |
| |
| State and local income taxes, net of federal benefits | | 9.9 |
| | (8.5 | ) | | (6.2 | ) | | 5.6 |
| | 6.3 |
| | 1.6 |
|
| Nondeductible expenses | 6.9 |
| | (16.0 | ) | | 0.3 |
| 4.0 |
| | (3.5 | ) | | 6.9 |
| | (6.2 | ) | | (16.0 | ) | | (4.0 | ) |
| Goodwill impairment | — |
| | (20.5 | ) | | — |
| |
| Goodwill impairment losses | | 14.4 |
| | (12.4 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (20.5 | ) | | (5.1 | ) |
| Compensation | (3.8 | ) | | 29.5 |
| | (1.5 | ) | 0.3 |
| | (0.3 | ) | | (3.8 | ) | | 3.4 |
| | 29.5 |
| | 7.4 |
|
| Contingent liability settlement | — |
| | 22.9 |
| | 0.6 |
| — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 22.9 |
| | 5.7 |
|
| Foreign | (0.1 | ) | | 11.3 |
| | (8.5 | ) | 0.1 |
| | (0.1 | ) | | (0.1 | ) | | 0.1 |
| | 11.3 |
| | 2.8 |
|
| Valuation allowance | (20.3 | ) | | 2,962.3 |
| | (17.1 | ) | — |
| | — |
| | (20.3 | ) | | 18.3 |
| | 2,962.3 |
| | 741.9 |
|
| Tax Act - deferred rate change | — |
| | (1,043.5 | ) | | — |
| — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (1,043.5 | ) | | (261.3 | ) |
| Other miscellaneous items | (1.5 | ) | | 3.3 |
| | (0.6 | ) | |
| Total effective tax rate | (4.0 | )% | | 1,990.6 | % | | 9.4 | % | |
| Other | | 0.2 |
| | (0.1 | ) | | (1.5 | ) | | 1.3 |
| | 3.3 |
| | 0.7 |
|
| Total effective tax rate and income tax benefit (expense) | | 49.9 | % | | $ | (43.0 | ) | | (4.0 | )% | | $ | 3.6 |
| | 1,990.6 | % | | $ | 498.5 |
|
The income tax benefit (expense) differs from the federal statutory amount due to the effect of the items detailed in the table below:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Amount of pretax income | | | | | |
| Federal statutory rate | $ | (18,883 | ) | | $ | 8,765 |
| | $ | (42,216 | ) |
| State and local income taxes - net of federal benefits | 5,615 |
| | 1,567 |
| | (1,498 | ) |
| Nondeductible expenses | (6,161 | ) | | (4,018 | ) | | (371 | ) |
| Goodwill impairment | — |
| | (5,131 | ) | | — |
|
| Compensation | 3,369 |
| | 7,376 |
| | 1,817 |
|
| Contingent liability settlement | — |
| | 5,740 |
| | (756 | ) |
| Foreign | 117 |
| | 2,840 |
| | 10,268 |
|
| Valuation allowance | 18,275 |
| | 741,872 |
| | 20,675 |
|
| Tax Act - deferred rate change | — |
| | (261,329 | ) | | — |
|
| Other miscellaneous items | 1,261 |
| | 825 |
| | 774 |
|
| Total income tax benefit (expense) | $ | 3,593 |
| | $ | 498,507 |
| | $ | (11,307 | ) |
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts for the liability forof unrecognized tax benefits wasis as follows:
| | | (in thousands) | Unrecognized tax benefits | |
| (in millions) | | Unrecognized tax benefits |
| Unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2017 | $ | 26,792 |
| $ | 26.8 |
|
| Additions based on current year positions | 2,979 |
| 2.9 |
|
| Additions based on prior year positions | 2,836 |
| 2.8 |
|
| Decreases due to settlements and/or reduction in reserves | (1,322 | ) | (1.3 | ) |
| Currency translation adjustments | (119 | ) | (0.1 | ) |
| Settlement payments | (216 | ) | (0.2 | ) |
| Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2017 | 30,950 |
| 30.9 |
|
| Additions based on current year positions | — |
| |
| Additions based on prior year positions | 775 |
| 0.8 |
|
| Decreases due to settlements and/or reduction in reserves | (2,005 | ) | (2.0 | ) |
| Currency translation adjustments | (39 | ) | |
| Settlement payments | — |
| |
| Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2018 | $ | 29,681 |
| 29.7 |
|
| Additions based on prior year positions | | 6.5 |
|
| Decreases due to settlements and/or reduction in reserves | | (0.2 | ) |
| Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2019 | | $ | 36.0 |
|
The Company is required under ASC 740 to disclose its accounting policy for classifying interest and penalties, the amount of interest and penalties charged to expense each period, as well as the cumulative amounts recorded within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company will continue to classify any income tax related penalties and interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in the income tax provisions within the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company2019, we did not0t record any new tax reserves, and accrued interest or penalties related to current year uncertain tax positions. The tax reserves acquired through the Pinnacle Acquisition were immaterial and as such we did not disclose separately in the reconciliation above. In regard toRegarding prior year tax positions, the Companywe recorded $0.8$7.1 million of tax reserves and accrued interest and reversed $2.2$0.2 million of previously recorded tax reserves and accrued interest for uncertain tax positions that are anticipated to settle and/or close within the next 12 months. We recognize accrued interestAs of December 31, 2019 and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income taxes. The2018, unrecognized tax benefits, inclusive of accruals for income tax related penalties and interest, of $37.2 million and $30.4 million, arerespectively, were included in “Noncurrent tax“Other long-term liabilities” within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Overall, the Company recorded a net tax expense of $0.5$2.8 million in connection with its uncertain tax positions for the year ended December 31, 2018.2019.
Included in theThe liability for unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017 were $23.6included $29.4 million and $25.1$23.6 million, respectively, of tax positions that, if reversed, would affect the effective tax rate. Also included in the reserve as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, was less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of currency translation gain related to foreign currency tax positions and the settlement receivable on account.
During the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Companywe recognized approximately$0.1 million, $0.5 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of interest and penalties, net of deferred taxes. In addition, due to settlements and/or reductions in previously recorded liabilities, theThe Company had no reductions in previously accrued interest and penalties of $0.2 million, net of deferred taxes. These accruals are includedfor the year ended December 31, 2019. We classify any income tax related penalties and interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in “Noncurrent“Income tax liabilities”benefit (expense)” within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.Statements of Income.
The Company is currently in various stages of the examination process in connection with its open audits. Generally, it is difficult to determine when these examinations will be closed, but the Company reasonably expects that its ASC 740 liabilities will not significantly change over the next twelve months.
As of December 31, 2018,2019, the Company is subject to U.S. federal
income tax examinations for the tax years 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2017.2018. In addition, the Company iswe are subject to state and local income tax examinations for various tax years in the taxing jurisdictions in which the Company operates.
we operate. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, prepaid income taxes of $22.2 million and 2017,$14.9 million, respectively, were included in “Prepaid expenses” within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets included prepaid income taxes of $14.9 million and $12.0 million, respectively.Sheets.
Note 13—14—Stockholders’ EquityEquity (Deficit)
Share Repurchase Program
On January 9, 2019, the Company announced a share repurchase program pursuant to which the Board of Directors authorized to repurchase up to $200.0 million of the Company’s common stock, which expires on December 31, 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company repurchased 1,271,823 shares of its common stock in open market transactions for $24.9 million at an average price of $19.55 per share. All repurchased shares were retired.
On February 3, 2017, the Company announced a share repurchase program pursuant to which the Board of Directors authorized to repurchase up to $100$100.0 million of the Company’s common stock, which expired on February 1, 2019. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company repurchased 2,299,498 and 1,264,149 shares, respectively, of its common stock in open market transactions for $50.0 million at an average price of $21.74 per share and $24.8 million at an average price of $19.59 per share, respectively. All repurchased shares were retired.
Preferred Equity InvestmentStock
On June 15, 2007, theThe Company announced that it had entered into a merger agreement that, at the effective time of the transactions contemplated thereby, would have resulted in the Company’s shareholders receiving $67 per share. Specifically, the Company, PNG Acquisition Company Inc. (“Parent”) and PNG Merger Sub Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent, announced that they had entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 15, 2007 (the “Merger Agreement”), that provided, among other things, for PNG Merger Sub, Inc. to be merged with and into the Company, as a result of which the Company would have continued as the surviving corporation and would have become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent. Parent was indirectly owned by certain funds managed by affiliates of Fortress Investment Group LLC (“Fortress”) and Centerbridge Partners, L.P. (“Centerbridge”).
On July 3, 2008, the Company entered into an agreement with certain affiliates of Fortress and Centerbridge, terminating the Merger Agreement. In connection with the termination of the Merger Agreement, certain affiliates of Fortress and Centerbridge agreed to pay the Company a total of $1.475 billion, consisting of a nonrefundable $225 million cash termination fee and a $1.25 billion, zero coupon, preferred equity investment (the “Investment”). On October 30, 2008, the Company closed the sale of the Investment andpreviously issued 12,500 shares of the Series B Preferred Stock. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company repurchased 225 shares of Series B Preferred Stock for $11.2 million.
As part of the Spin-Off, the Company entered into an agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”) with FIF V PFD LLC, an affiliate of Fortress, providing for the exchange of shares of the Company’s Series B Preferred Stock for shares of a new class2 series of preferred stock, Series B and Series C, Preferred Stock, in contemplationeach with a par value of the Spin-Off.
The Exchange Agreement provided Fortress with the right to exchange its 9,750$0.01 per share. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were 1,000,000 and 18,500 shares authorized of our Series B Preferred Stock for fractional shares ofand Series C Preferred Stock at an exchange ratio that treated each such fractional share (and therefore each sharepreferred stock, respectively. There were 0 shares outstanding of common stock into which such fractional share was convertible) as worth $67 per share, which was the “ceiling price” at which the shares ofeither Series B Preferred Stock were redeemable by the Company at maturity. Any shares of Series B Preferred Stock that were not exchanged for shares ofor Series C Preferred Stock prior to the second business day before October 16, 2013, the record date established for the distribution of GLPI commonpreferred stock in the Spin-Off, were automatically exchanged for shares of Series C Preferred Stock on such date. Subsequently, the Company had the right to purchase from Fortress, prior to the record date for the Spin-Off, a number of shares of Series C Preferred Stock, at a price of $67 per fractional share of Series C Preferred Stock, such that, immediately following the consummation of the Spin-Off, Fortress would not own more than 9.9% of GLPI’s common stock.
On October 11, 2013, the Company completed its exchange and repurchase transactions with Fortress and repurchased all of the 2,300 shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Centerbridge at par and issued to the affiliate of Fortress 14,553 shares of non-voting Series C Preferred Stock in order to redeem all of the previously outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock. The Company then repurchased 5,929 shares of Series C Preferred Stock from Fortress. Additionally, in February 2013, the Company repurchased 225 shares of Series B Preferred Stock from WF Investment Holdings, LLC at a slight discount to par. In these transactions, the Company paid a total of $649.5 million, which was primarily funded by borrowings under the 2013 Revolving Credit Facility, to the affiliates of Fortress, Centerbridge and WF Investment Holdings, LLC.
In 2016, Fortress sold all 8,624 shares of Series C Preferred Stock, which converted upon sale into 8,624,000 shares of common stock under previously agreed upon terms. As a result, no shares of Series C Preferred Stock were outstanding as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017.2018.
Note 14—15—Stock-Based Compensation
20082018 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan
On August 20, 2008,In June 2018, the Company’s Board of Directorsshareholders approved subject to shareholder approval, the 20082018 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2008“2018 Plan”) and on November 12, 2008, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2008
Plan,, which permittedpermits the Company to issue stock options (incentive and/or non-qualified), stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), phantom stock units (“PSUs”) and other equity and cash awards to employees. Non-employee directors were eligible to receive all such awards, other than incentive stock options. On June 9, 2011 and June 12, 2014, the Company’s shareholders approved amendments to the 2008 Plan, which collectively increased the aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be issued from 6,900,000 to 16,350,000. Awards of stock options and SARs were counted against the 16,350,000 limit as one share of common stock for each share granted; however, each share awarded in the form of restricted stock, or any other full value stock award, was counted as issuing 2.44 shares of common stock for purposes of determining the number of shares available for issuance under the 2008 Plan. Any awards that were not settled in shares of common stock were not counted against the limit. The 2008 Plan remains in place until all of the awards granted thereunder have been paid, forfeited or expired. However, the shares which remained available for issuance under such plan as of June 13, 2018 are no longer available for issuance and all future equity awards will be pursuant to the 2018 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2018 Plan”) described below.
2018 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan
On March 21, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors approved, subject to shareholder approval, the 2018 Plan and on June 13, 2018, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2018 Plan, which permits the Company to issue stock options (incentive and/or non-qualified), SARs, restricted stock, PSUs and other equity and cash awards to employees. Non-employee directors are eligible to receive all such awards, other than incentive stock options. Pursuant to the 2018 Plan, 12,700,000 shares of the Company’s common stock are reserved for issuance. Awards of stock options and SARs will be counted against the 12,700,000 limit as one share of common stock for each share granted. However, each share awarded in the form of restricted stock, or any other full value stock award, will be counted as issuing 2.30 shares of common stock forFor purposes of determining the number of shares available for issuance under the plan.2018 Plan, stock options and SARs count against the 12,700,000 limit as 1 share of common stock for each share granted and restricted stock or any other full value stock award count as issuing 2.30 shares of common stock for each share granted. Any awards that are not settled in shares of common stock shallare not countcounted against the limit. As of December 31, 2018,2019, there were 11,921,5458,417,411 shares available for future grants under the 2018 Plan.
Performance Share Programs2008 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan
On February 9, 2016,In November 2008, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2008 Long Term Incentive Compensation CommitteePlan (the “2008 Plan”), which permitted the Company to issue stock options (incentive and/or non-qualified), SARs, RSAs, PSUs and other equity and cash awards to employees. Non-employee directors were eligible to receive all such awards, other than incentive stock options. Upon approval of the Board of Directors adopted a performance share program (the “2016 Performance Share Program”) pursuant2018 Plan, awards were no longer available to be granted under the 2008 Plan. However, the 2008 Plan which provides for the issuance of restricted stock awards with performance-based vesting conditions. An aggregate of 172,245 and 189,085 performance shares were granted on February 17, 2017 and February 9, 2016, respectively, with each grant having a three-year award period consisting of three one-year performance periods and a three-year service period.
On February 6, 2018, the Company’s Compensation Committeeremains in place until all of the Board of Directors adopted a performance share program (the “2018 Performance Share Program” and together with the 2016 Performance Share Program, the “Performance Share Programs”) pursuant to the 2018 Plan, which provides for the issuance of restricted stock awards with performance-based vesting conditions. An aggregate of 197,727 performance shares werepreviously granted on February 6, 2018 with the grant having a three-year award period consisting of three one-year performance periods and a three-year service period.
The Company’s named executive officers and other key executives were/are eligible to participate in the Performance Share Programs. The Performance Share Programs were adopted in order to provide key executives with stock-based compensation tied directly to the Company’s performance to further align their interests with those of shareholders and provide compensation only if the designated performance goals are met for the applicable performance periods. For all awards granted under the Performance Share Programs as of December 31, 2018, the performance goal for each performance period is based on EBITDA, adjusted for certain other items, as established for each one-year performance period. The awardsthereunder have the potential to be earned at between 0% and 150% of the number of shares granted in one-third increments depending on achievement of the annual performance goals, but remain subject to vesting for the full three-year service period.
As of December 31, 2018, the adjusted EBITDA target for the third tranche of the performance awards granted in 2017 and the second and third tranches of the performance awards granted in 2018 were not yet established. Therefore, for accounting purposes, the Company concluded that a grant date has not yet occurred. Stock-based compensation expense will be measured for each tranche based on the fair value of the restricted stock awards using the Company’s closing stock price on the grant date since all key terms for the specific tranche were established and mutually understood by the Company and the individuals receiving the awards. At each reporting period, accruals of stock-based compensation expense are based on the probable outcome of the performance condition. See “Restricted Stock Awards” section below.
been paid, forfeited or expired.
Stock-based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense, which pertains principally to our stock options and RSAs, for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 and 2016 totaled $14.9 million, $12.0 million $7.8 million and $6.9$7.8 million, respectively, and is included within the Consolidated Statements of OperationsIncome under “General and administrative.”
Stock Options
Stock options that expire between January 3, 2019April 1, 2020 and January 3,October 1, 2029 have been granted to officers, directors, employees, and predecessor employees to purchase common stock at prices ranging from $8.88$11.61 to $32.90 per share. All options were granted at the fair market value of the common stock on the grant date (as defined in the respective plan document) and have
contractual lives ranging from 1two to 10ten years. The Company issues new authorized common shares to satisfy stock option exercises.
The following table contains information about our stock options:
| | | | Number of Option Shares | | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) | Number of Option Shares | | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions) |
| Outstanding as of January 1, 2018 | 6,551,314 |
| | $ | 12.29 |
| | | | |
| |
| Outstanding as of January 1, 2019 | | 5,869,211 |
| | $ | 15.14 |
| | | | |
|
| Granted | 663,343 |
| | $ | 30.75 |
| | | | |
| 2,436,811 |
| | $ | 19.24 |
| | | | |
|
| Exercised | (1,302,501 | ) | | $ | 8.70 |
| | | | |
| (230,644 | ) | | $ | 14.32 |
| | | | |
|
| Forfeited | (42,945 | ) | | $ | 16.67 |
| | | | |
| (257,942 | ) | | $ | 19.44 |
| | | | |
|
| Outstanding as of December 31, 2018 | 5,869,211 |
| | $ | 15.14 |
| | 3.97 | | $ | 28,470 |
| |
| Exercisable as of December 31, 2018 | 3,099,460 |
| | $ | 12.83 |
| | 3.25 | | $ | 17,992 |
| |
| Outstanding as of December 31, 2019 | | 7,817,436 |
| | $ | 16.30 |
| | 4.84 | | $ | 75.1 |
|
| Exercisable as of December 31, 2019 | | 4,071,052 |
| | $ | 13.62 |
| | 2.49 | | $ | 49.2 |
|
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $6.39, $9.88 and 2016 was $9.88, $4.48, and $3.97, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 and 2016 was $2.0 million, $28.7 million and $15.8 million, respectively. The total fair value of stock options that vested during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and $10.32017 was $6.2 million, $5.9 million and $6.4 million, respectively.
The following table summarizes information about our outstanding stock options as of December 31, 2018:2019:
| | | | Exercise Price Range | | Total | Exercise Price Range | | Total |
| | $8.88 to
$13.35 | | $13.50 to
$20.52 | | $20.75 to
$32.90 | | $8.88 to
$32.90 | $11.61 to
$16.93 | | $17.77 to
$25.05 | | $30.74 to
$32.90 | | $11.61 to
$32.90 |
| Outstanding options | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Number outstanding | 3,637,366 |
| | 1,570,183 |
| | 661,662 |
| | 5,869,211 |
| 4,842,725 |
| | 2,368,886 |
| | 605,825 |
| | 7,817,436 |
|
| Weighted-average remaining contractual life (years) | 3.22 |
| | 4.87 |
| | 6.01 |
| | 3.97 |
| |
| Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) | | 2.66 |
| | 9.27 |
| | 4.95 |
| | 4.84 |
|
| Weighted-average exercise price | $ | 12.65 |
| | $ | 14.38 |
| | $ | 30.67 |
| | $ | 15.14 |
| $ | 13.06 |
| | $ | 19.23 |
| | $ | 30.75 |
| | $ | 16.30 |
|
| Exercisable options | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Number outstanding | 2,645,735 |
| | 452,466 |
| | 1,259 |
| | 3,099,460 |
| 3,901,333 |
| | 10,584 |
| | 159,135 |
| | 4,071,052 |
|
| Weighted-average exercise price | $ | 12.53 |
| | $ | 14.56 |
| | $ | 20.75 |
| | $ | 12.83 |
| $ | 12.91 |
| | $ | 18.62 |
| | $ | 30.75 |
| | $ | 13.62 |
|
As of December 31, 2018,2019, the unamortized compensation costs not yet recognized related to stock options granted totaled $9.7 million. This cost is$16.9 million and the weighted-average period over which the costs are expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting periods, which will not exceed fourwas 2.9 years.
The following are the weighted-average assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016:2017:
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.26 | % | | 1.97 | % | | 1.20 | % | 2.00 | % | | 2.26 | % | | 1.97 | % |
| Expected volatility | 30.80 | % | | 30.66 | % | | 31.23 | % | 32.90 | % | | 30.80 | % | | 30.66 | % |
| Dividend yield | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| — |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Weighted-average expected life (in years) | 5.30 |
| | 5.30 |
| | 5.40 |
| 5.30 |
| | 5.30 |
| | 5.30 |
|
Restricted Stock Awards
As noted above, the Company grants RSAs to our employees and certain non-employee directors. In addition, the Company issues restricted stock awardsits named executive officers (“NEOs”) and other key executives RSAs with performance-based vestingperformance conditions under its (we refer to our RSAs with performance conditions as “PSAs”), which are discussed in further detail below.
Performance Share Programs. Additionally,Programs
The Company’s Performance Share Programs (as defined below) were adopted in conjunctionorder to provide our NEOs and certain other key executives with stock-based compensation tied directly to the Company’s performance, which further aligns their interests with those of shareholders and provides compensation only if the designated performance goals are met for the applicable performance periods.
On February 14, 2019, the Company’s Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors adopted a performance share program (the “Performance Share Program II”) pursuant to the 2018 Plan, which, for awards made in 2019, provided for the issuance of 278,780 PSAs, at target, to be granted in one-third increments.
On February 6, 2018, our Compensation Committee adopted a performance share program (the “2018 Performance Share Program”) pursuant to the 2018 Plan, which provided for the issuance of 197,727 PSAs, at target, to be granted in one-third increments.
On February 9, 2016, our Compensation Committee adopted a performance share program (the “2016 Performance Share Program” and collectively with the Performance Share Program II and the 2018 Performance Share Program, the “Performance Share Programs”) pursuant to the 2008 Plan, which provided for the issuance of 189,085 PSAs, at target, to be granted in one-third increments. In addition, the 2016 Performance Share Program provided for the issuance of 172,245 PSAs, at target, on February 17, 2017, to be granted in one-third increments.
PSAs issued pursuant to the Performance Share Programs consist of 3 one-year performance periods over a three-year service period. The awards have the potential to be earned at between 0% and 150% of the number of shares granted depending on achievement of the annual performance goals, but remain subject to vesting for the full three-year service period.
The performance goal as it pertains to the first and second performance periods of the awards granted under the Performance Share Program II is based on a combination of EBITDA, adjusted for certain items, principally payments made to our REIT landlords (“EBITDA, as adjusted”); and run-rate cost synergies from the Pinnacle Acquisition,Acquisition. The performance goal for the third performance period is based on EBITDA, as adjusted. The performance goals for each of the one-year performance periods of the awards granted under the 2018 Performance Share Program and 2016 Performance Share Program are based on EBITDA, as adjusted. Awards are not considered granted, for accounting purposes, under the Performance Share Programs until the targets are established and mutually understood by the Company awarded 129,961 restrictedand the individuals receiving the PSAs.
The grant date fair value of our RSAs is based on the most recent closing stock awards to new employeesprice of the Company. Company’s shares of common stock. The stock-based compensation expense is recognized over the remaining service period at the time of grant, adjusted for the Company’s expectation of the achievement of the performance conditions.
The following table contains information on our restricted stock awards:RSAs:
|
| | | | | | |
| | Number of Shares | | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
| Outstanding as of January 1, 2018 | 267,655 |
| | $ | 13.83 |
|
| Awarded | 333,478 |
| | $ | 30.00 |
|
| Released | (30,979 | ) | | $ | 14.15 |
|
| Canceled | (11,333 | ) | | $ | 17.96 |
|
| Outstanding at December 31, 2018 | 558,821 |
| | $ | 23.38 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | With Performance Conditions | | Without Performance Conditions |
| | Number of Shares | | Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value | | Number of Shares | | Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value |
| Nonvested as of January 1, 2019 | 351,472 |
| | $ | 22.10 |
| | 207,349 |
| | $ | 25.55 |
|
| Granted | 253,609 |
| | $ | 23.55 |
| | 175,795 |
| | $ | 19.44 |
|
| Vested | (193,799 | ) | | $ | 19.36 |
| | (35,758 | ) | | $ | 18.05 |
|
| Forfeited | (15,920 | ) | | $ | 22.60 |
| | (48,907 | ) | | $ | 23.71 |
|
| Nonvested as of December 31, 2019 | 395,362 |
| | $ | 24.35 |
| | 298,479 |
| | $ | 23.15 |
|
As of December 31, 2018,2019, the unamortized compensation costs not yet recognized related to restricted stock awardedRSAs totaled $7.4 million. This cost is$7.9 million and the weighted-average period over which the costs are expected to be recognized overis 1.9 years. The total fair value of RSAs that vested during the remaining vesting periods, which will not exceed four years.years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $5.5 million, $0.9 million and $1.0 million, respectively.
Phantom Stock Units
The Company’sOur PSUs, which vest over a period of three to four years, entitle employees and directors to receive cash based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the vesting date. The PSUs are accounted for as liability awards and are re-measured at fair value each reporting period until they become vested with compensation expense being recognized over the requisite service period in accordance with ASC Subtopic 718-30, “Compensation—Stock Compensation, Awards Classified as Liabilities.”period. The Company has a liability, which is included in “Accrued salariesexpenses and wages”other current liabilities” within the
Consolidated Balance Sheets, associated with its PSUs of $1.7$3.3 million and $4.8$1.7 million as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively.
For PSUs held by employees and directors of the Company, there was $3.0$3.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost as of December 31, 20182019 that will be recognized over the awards remaining weighted averageweighted-average vesting period of 2.051.6 years. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016,2017, the Company recognized $4.1 million, $1.1 million, $11.9 million, and $8.5$11.9 million of compensation expense associated with these awards, respectively. AmountsCompensation expense associated with our PSUs is recorded in “General and administrative” within the Consolidated Statements of Income. We paid by the Company for$2.5 million, $4.2 million, and $12.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, and 2016 on theserespectively, pertaining to our cash-settled awards totaled $4.2 million, $12.7 million, and $10.7 million, respectively.PSUs.
Stock Appreciation Rights
The fair value of SARs is calculated each reporting period and estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company’sOur SARs, which vest over a period of four years, are accounted for as liability awards since they will be settled in cash. Accordingly, the Company has a liability, which is included in “Accrued salariesexpenses and wages”other current liabilities” within the Consolidated Balance Sheets, associated with its SARs of $6.8$14.4 million and $24.0$6.8 million as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively.
For SARs held by employees of the Company, there was $4.5$9.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost as of December 31, 20182019 that will be recognized over the awards remaining weighted averageweighted-average vesting period of 1.952.6 years. For the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, the Company recognized compensation expense of $10.7 million as compared to a reduction to compensation expense of $6.7 million associated with these awards compared to a charge toand compensation expense of $21.9 million and $2.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, associated with these awards. Compensation expense associated with our SARs is recorded in “General and 2016, respectively. Amountsadministrative” within the Consolidated Statements of Income. We paid by$3.5 million, $10.5 million and $6.2 million during the Companyyears ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, pertaining to our cash-settled SARs.
Note 16—Earnings per Share
The following table reconciles the weighted-average common shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic EPS to the weighted-average common shares outstanding used in the calculation of diluted EPS for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in millions) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Determination of shares: | | | | | |
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding | 115.7 |
| | 97.1 |
| | 90.9 |
|
| Assumed conversion of dilutive stock options | 1.8 |
| | 3.0 |
| | 2.4 |
|
| Assumed conversion of dilutive restricted stock awards | 0.3 |
| | 0.2 |
| | 0.1 |
|
| Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding | 117.8 |
| | 100.3 |
| | 93.4 |
|
Options to purchase 2,353,307, 656,588, and 51,803 shares were outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because they were antidilutive.
The following table presents the calculation of basic and 2016 on these cash-settled awards totaled $10.5 million, $6.2 milliondiluted EPS for the Company’s common stock for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and $3.3 million, respectively.2017:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in millions, except per share data) | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Calculation of basic EPS: | | | | | |
| Net income applicable to common stock | $ | 43.9 |
| | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
|
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding | 115.7 |
| | 97.1 |
| | 90.9 |
|
| Basic EPS | $ | 0.38 |
| | $ | 0.96 |
| | $ | 5.21 |
|
| Calculation of diluted EPS: | | | | | |
| Net income applicable to common stock | 43.9 |
| | 93.5 |
| | 473.4 |
|
| Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding | 117.8 |
| | 100.3 |
| | 93.4 |
|
| Diluted EPS | $ | 0.37 |
| | $ | 0.93 |
| | $ | 5.07 |
|
Note 15—17—Segment Information
We have aggregated our operating segments into four4 reportable segments based on the similar characteristics of the operating segments within the regions in which they operate: Northeast, South, West and Midwest. The Other category is included in the following tables in order to reconcile the segment information to the consolidated information. Inter-segment revenues were not material in any of the years presented below. During the fourth quarter 2018, the Company made revisions to its reportable segments upon the consummation of the Pinnacle Acquisition. Apart from the addition of the new properties, the most significant change was dividing the South/West segment into two separate reportable segments. The financial information presented below reflects such changes, including restating prior year financial information.
The Company utilizes Adjusted EBITDAR (as defined below) as its measure of segment profit or loss. The following table highlights our revenues and Adjusted EBITDAR for each reportable segment and reconciles Adjusted EBITDAR on a consolidated basis to Income (loss) before income taxes.Net income.
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Northeast segment | $ | 1,891,514 |
| | $ | 1,756,579 |
| | $ | 1,741,809 |
| $ | 2,399.9 |
| | $ | 1,891.5 |
| | $ | 1,756.6 |
|
| South segment | 394,351 |
| | 224,247 |
| | 185,832 |
| 1,118.9 |
| | 394.4 |
| | 224.3 |
|
| West segment | 437,887 |
| | 380,418 |
| | 360,776 |
| 642.5 |
| | 437.9 |
| | 380.4 |
|
| Midwest segment | 823,717 |
| | 735,033 |
| | 704,272 |
| 1,094.5 |
| | 823.7 |
| | 735.0 |
|
Other (1) | 40,449 |
| | 51,693 |
| | 41,691 |
| 47.5 |
| | 40.4 |
| | 51.7 |
|
| Revenues | $ | 3,587,918 |
| | $ | 3,147,970 |
| | $ | 3,034,380 |
| |
Intersegment eliminations (2) | | (1.9 | ) | | — |
| | — |
|
| Total | | $ | 5,301.4 |
| | $ | 3,587.9 |
| | $ | 3,148.0 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Adjusted EBITDAR (2): | | | | | | |
Adjusted EBITDAR (3): | | | | | | |
| Northeast segment | $ | 583,791 |
| | $ | 549,304 |
| | $ | 536,446 |
| $ | 720.8 |
| | $ | 583.8 |
| | $ | 549.3 |
|
| South segment | 118,962 |
| | 62,580 |
| | 56,060 |
| 369.8 |
| | 118.9 |
| | 62.6 |
|
| West segment | 114,267 |
| | 72,744 |
| | 72,509 |
| 198.8 |
| | 114.3 |
| | 72.7 |
|
| Midwest segment | 294,332 |
| | 249,744 |
| | 239,899 |
| 403.6 |
| | 294.3 |
| | 249.7 |
|
Other (1) | (68,111 | ) | | (55,223 | ) | | (67,773 | ) | (87.8 | ) | | (68.1 | ) | | (55.2 | ) |
Adjusted EBITDAR (2) | 1,043,241 |
| | 879,149 |
| | 837,141 |
| |
Total (3) | | 1,605.2 |
| | 1,043.2 |
| | 879.1 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Other operating benefits (costs) and other income (expenses): | | | | | | | | | | |
Rent expense associated with triple net operating lease (3) | (3,797 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| |
| Charge for stock compensation | (12,034 | ) | | (7,780 | ) | | (6,871 | ) | |
| Cash-settled stock award variance | 19,611 |
| | (23,471 | ) | | 6,688 |
| |
| Gain (loss) on disposal of assets | (3,168 | ) | | (172 | ) | | 2,471 |
| |
Rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (4) | | (366.4 | ) | | (3.8 | ) | | — |
|
| Stock-based compensation | | (14.9 | ) | | (12.0 | ) | | (7.8 | ) |
| Cash-settled stock-based awards variance | | (0.8 | ) | | 19.6 |
| | (23.4 | ) |
| Loss on disposal of assets | | (5.5 | ) | | (3.2 | ) | | (0.2 | ) |
| Contingent purchase price | (454 | ) | | 6,840 |
| | (1,277 | ) | (7.0 | ) | | (0.5 | ) | | 6.8 |
|
| Pre-opening and acquisition costs | (95,020 | ) | | (9,732 | ) | | — |
| (22.3 | ) | | (95.0 | ) | | (9.7 | ) |
| Depreciation and amortization | (268,990 | ) | | (267,062 | ) | | (271,214 | ) | (414.2 | ) | | (269.0 | ) | | (267.1 | ) |
| Provision for loan loss and unfunded loan commitments to the JIVDC, net of recoveries, and impairment losses | (17,921 | ) | | (107,810 | ) | | — |
| |
| Impairment losses | | (173.1 | ) | | (34.9 | ) | | (18.0 | ) |
| Recoveries on (provision for) loan loss and unfunded loan commitments | | — |
| | 17.0 |
| | (89.8 | ) |
| Insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges | 68 |
| | 289 |
| | 726 |
| 3.0 |
| | 0.1 |
| | 0.3 |
|
| Non-operating items for Kansas JV | (5,118 | ) | | (5,866 | ) | | (10,311 | ) | (3.7 | ) | | (5.1 | ) | | (5.8 | ) |
| Interest expense | (539,417 | ) | | (466,761 | ) | | (459,243 | ) | |
| Interest income | 1,005 |
| | 3,552 |
| | 24,186 |
| |
| Interest expense, net | | (534.2 | ) | | (538.4 | ) | | (463.2 | ) |
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | (20,964 | ) | | (23,963 | ) | | — |
| — |
| | (21.0 | ) | | (24.0 | ) |
| Other | (7,121 | ) | | (2,257 | ) | | (1,679 | ) | 20.0 |
| | (7.1 | ) | | (2.3 | ) |
| Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 89,921 |
| | $ | (25,044 | ) | | $ | 120,617 |
| |
| Income before income taxes | | 86.1 |
| | 89.9 |
| | (25.1 | ) |
| Income tax benefit (expense) | | (43.0 | ) | | 3.6 |
| | 498.5 |
|
| Net income | | $ | 43.1 |
| | $ | 93.5 |
| | $ | 473.4 |
|
| |
| (1) | The Other category consists of the Company's standaloneCompany’s stand-alone racing operations, namely Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club located in Longwood, Florida, and the Company’s joint ventureJV interests in TexasSam Houston Race Park, Valley Race Park, and New Jersey (see Note 6, “Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates”).Freehold Raceway. The Other category also includes PIV,Penn Interactive; which operates social gaming, our internally-branded retail sportsbooks, and iGaming; our management contract for Retama Park Racetrack,Racetrack; and our liveHPT. Expenses incurred for corporate and televised poker tournament seriesshared services activities that are directly attributable to a property or are otherwise incurred to support a property are allocated to |
operates under the trade name, Heartland Poker Tour. Expenses incurred for corporate and shared services activities that are directly attributable to a property or are otherwise incurred to support a property are allocated to each property. The Other category also includes corporate overhead costs, which consist of certain expenses, such as: payroll, professional fees, travel expenses and other general and administrative expenses that do not directly relate to or have not otherwise been allocated to a property.
| |
| (2) | The Company definesRepresents the elimination of intersegment revenues associated with Penn Interactive and HPT. |
| |
| (3) | We define Adjusted EBITDAR as earnings before interest expense, net; income and expense, income taxes,taxes; depreciation and amortization,amortization; rent expense associated with our triple net operating leases stock compensation,(see footnote (4) below); stock-based compensation; debt extinguishment and financing charges,charges; impairment charges,charges; insurance recoveries and deductible charges,charges; changes in the estimated fair value of our contingent purchase price obligations,obligations; gain or loss on disposal of assets,assets; the difference between budget and actual expense for cash-settled stock-based awards,awards; pre-opening and acquisition costs,costs; and other income or expenses. Adjusted EBITDAR is also inclusive of income or loss from unconsolidated affiliates, with our share of non-operating items (such as depreciation and amortization) added back for our joint ventureJV in Kansas Entertainment. Adjusted EBITDAR excludes payments associated with our Master Leases with GLPI as these leases are accounted for as financing obligations. |
| |
(3)(4) | During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company's onlyThe Company’s triple net operating lease wasleases include certain components of the MeadowMaster Leases (primarily land), the Meadows Lease, the Margaritaville Lease, and the Greektown Lease. |
| | | | For the year ended December 31, | For the year ended December 31, |
| (in thousands) | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | |
| (in millions) | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Capital expenditures: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Northeast segment | $ | 38,873 |
| | $ | 26,283 |
| | $ | 34,380 |
| $ | 96.2 |
| | $ | 38.9 |
| | $ | 26.3 |
|
| South segment | 10,587 |
| | 6,354 |
| | 6,249 |
| 29.8 |
| | 10.6 |
| | 6.3 |
|
| West segment | 12,816 |
| | 35,671 |
| | 24,209 |
| 21.2 |
| | 12.8 |
| | 35.7 |
|
| Midwest segment | 25,285 |
| | 26,176 |
| | 27,218 |
| 32.7 |
| | 25.3 |
| | 26.2 |
|
| Other | 4,996 |
| | 4,777 |
| | 5,189 |
| 10.7 |
| | 5.0 |
| | 4.8 |
|
| Total capital expenditures | $ | 92,557 |
| | $ | 99,261 |
| | $ | 97,245 |
| $ | 190.6 |
| | $ | 92.6 |
| | $ | 99.3 |
|
| | | (in thousands) | Northeast | | South | | West | | Midwest | | Other | | Total | |
| As of December 31, 2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | Northeast | | South | | West | | Midwest | | Other | | Total |
| As of December 31, 2019 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates | $ | 105 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 89,350 |
| | $ | 39,033 |
| | $ | 128,488 |
| $ | 0.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 90.9 |
| | $ | 37.3 |
| | $ | 128.3 |
|
Total assets (1) | $ | 1,330,256 |
| | $ | 1,082,304 |
| | $ | 755,665 |
| | $ | 1,411,468 |
| | $ | 6,381,319 |
| | $ | 10,961,012 |
| $ | 2,273.7 |
| | $ | 1,397.0 |
| | $ | 752.1 |
| | $ | 1,412.2 |
| | $ | 8,359.5 |
| | $ | 14,194.5 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of December 31, 2018 | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates | | $ | 0.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 89.4 |
| | $ | 39.0 |
| | $ | 128.5 |
|
Total assets (2) | | $ | 1,330.2 |
| | $ | 1,082.3 |
| | $ | 755.7 |
| | $ | 1,411.5 |
| | $ | 6,381.3 |
| | $ | 10,961.0 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of December 31, 2017 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates | $ | 102 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 88,296 |
| | $ | 60,514 |
| | $ | 148,912 |
| $ | 0.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 88.3 |
| | $ | 60.5 |
| | $ | 148.9 |
|
Total assets (1) | $ | 921,044 |
| | $ | 169,255 |
| | $ | 625,019 |
| | $ | 970,809 |
| | $ | 2,548,685 |
| | $ | 5,234,812 |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of December 31, 2016 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates | $ | 76 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 93,768 |
| | $ | 62,332 |
| | $ | 156,176 |
| |
Total assets (1) | $ | 973,423 |
| | $ | 121,619 |
| | $ | 718,457 |
| | $ | 991,759 |
| | $ | 2,169,226 |
| | $ | 4,974,484 |
| |
Total assets (2) | | $ | 921.0 |
| | $ | 169.3 |
| | $ | 625.0 |
| | $ | 970.8 |
| | $ | 2,548.7 |
| | $ | 5,234.8 |
|
| |
| (1) | TotalAs of December 31, 2019, total assets of the Other category includes the carrying amountreal estate assets subject to the Master Leases, which are either classified as property and equipment, operating lease ROU assets, or finance lease ROU assets, depending on whether the underlying component of the Master Leases was determined to be an operating lease, a finance lease, or continue to be financing obligations, upon adoption of ASC 842. |
| |
| (2) | As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, total assets of the Other category includes the real estate assets undersubject to the Master Leases.Leases, which are classified as property and equipment. |
Note 16—18—Fair Value Measurements
ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” establishes a hierarchy that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques (market approach, income approach and cost approach). The levels of the hierarchy are described below:
Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; these include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity.
The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy.
The following methods and assumptions are used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate. The fair value of the Company’s trade accounts receivable and payables approximates the carrying amounts.
Cash and cash equivalentsCash Equivalents
The fair value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents approximates thetheir carrying amount, of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, due to the short maturity of the cash equivalents.
Equity Securities
As of December 31, 2019, we held $40.5 million in equity securities, including ordinary shares and warrants, which are reported as “Other assets” in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. As discussed in Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies,” these equity securities are the result of Penn Interactive entering into multi-year agreements with third-party sports betting operators for online sports betting and related iGaming market access across our portfolio during the third quarter of 2019. The fair value of the equity securities was determined using Level 2 inputs, which use market approach valuation techniques. The primary inputs to those techniques include the quoted market price of the equity securities, foreign currency exchange rates, a discount for lack of marketability (“DLOM”) with respect to the ordinary shares, and a Black-Scholes option pricing model with respect to the warrants. The DLOM is based on the remaining term of the relevant lock-up periods and the volatility associated with the underlying equity securities. The Black-Scholes option pricing model utilizes the exercise price of the warrants, a risk-free rate, volatility associated with the underlying equity securities and the expected life of the warrants.
Held-to-maturity Securities and Promissory Notes
As discussed in Note 5, “Acquisitions and Other Investments,” the Company holdsWe have a management contract with Retama Development Corporation (“RDC”), a local government corporation of the City of Selma, Texas, to manage the day-to-day operations of Retama Park Racetrack, located outside of San Antonio, Texas. In addition, we own 1.0% of the equity of Retama Nominal Holder, LLC, which holds a nominal interest in the racing license used to operate Retama Park Racetrack, and a 75.5% interest in Pinnacle Retama Partners, LLC (“PRP”), which owns the contingent gaming rights that may arise if gaming under the existing racing license becomes legal in Texas in the future.As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, PRP held $15.1 million and $16.9 million, respectively, in promissory notes issued by RDC and $6.7 million and $7.5 million, respectively, in local government corporation bonds issued by RDC, at amortized cost. The promissory notes and the local government corporation bonds are collateralized by the assets of Retama Park Racetrack. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the promissory notes and the local government corporation bonds, which have long-term contractual maturities, are classifiedincluded in “Other assets” within our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
During the year ended December 31, 2019, principally due to the lack of legislative progress and on-going negative operating results of Retama Park Racetrack, we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment on the promissory notes and the local government corporation bonds totaling $2.5 million, which is included in “Impairment losses” within our Consolidated Statements of Income.
The contractual terms of these promissory notes include interest payments due at maturity; however, we have not recorded accrued interest on these promissory notes because uncertainty exists as held-to-maturity securities,to RDC’s ability to make interest payments. We have the positive intent and promissory notes.ability to hold the local government corporation bonds to maturity and until the amortized cost is recovered. The estimated fair values of such investments are principally based on appraised values of the land associated with Retama Park Racetrack, which are classified as Level 2 inputs.
Loan to the JIVDC
The fair value of the Company’s Term Loan C to the JIVDC as of December 31, 2017 was based on the present value of the projected future cash flows discounted at 14%, which we believed approximated the return a market participant would require. Since the projections are based on management’s internal projections, the Company concluded that this instrument should be classified as a Level 3 measurement. As discussed in Note 5, “Acquisitions and Other Investments,” during the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company sold all outstanding rights and obligations under the JIVDC commitments.Long-term debtDebt
The fair value of the Company’sour Term Loan A Facility, Term Loan B-1 Facility and 5.625% Notes is estimated based on quoted prices in active markets and is classified as such is a Level 1 measurement. The fair value of the Company’sour Revolving Credit Facility approximates its carrying amount as it is revolving, variable rate debt, which we also classify as a Level 21 measurement.
Other long-term obligations as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017 includeincluded the relocation fees for Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway and Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley, Race Coursewhich are discussed in Note 10, “Long-term Debt,” and the repayment obligation of athe hotel and event center located near Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg, which are discussed in Note 9, “Long-term Debt.”Lawrenceburg. The fair values of these long-term obligations are estimated based on rates consistent with the Company’s credit rating for comparable terms and debt instruments and are classified as such are Level 2 measurements. Other Liabilities
Other liabilities as of December 31, 20182019 and 20172018 principally consists of contingent consideration relatingpurchase price related to Plainridge Park Casino and Absolute Games, LLC, which was acquired in September 2013.by Penn Interactive during the second quarter of 2018. The Plainridge Park Casino contingent considerationpurchase price is calculated based on actual earnings of the gaming operations over the first 10ten years of operations, which commenced onin June 24, 2015. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we were contractually obligated to
make 6 and 2017,7 additional annual payments, respectively. The Absolute Games, LLC, contingent purchase price is calculated based on earnings over the first two years of operations after the acquisition. As of December 31, 2019, we were contractually obligated to make seven and eight remaining annual payments, respectively.1 additional payment, corresponding to the second year of operations after the acquisition, which will become payable in the third quarter of 2020. The fair value of this liability,these liabilities, which isare both estimated based on an income approach using a DCF model and have been classified as Level 3 measurements, are included within our Consolidated Balance SheetSheets in “Other“Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” or “Other noncurrentlong-term liabilities,” depending on the timing of the next payment, is estimated based on an income approach using a discounted cash flow model and has been classified as a Level 3 measurement.
payment.
The carrying amounts and estimated fair values by input level of the Company’s financial instruments were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2019 |
| (in millions) | Carrying Amount | | Fair Value | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
| Financial assets: | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 437.4 |
| | $ | 437.4 |
| | $ | 437.4 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Equity securities | $ | 40.5 |
| | $ | 40.5 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 40.5 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Held-to-maturity securities | $ | 6.7 |
| | $ | 6.7 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 6.7 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Promissory notes | $ | 15.1 |
| | $ | 15.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 15.1 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Financial liabilities: | | | | | | | | | |
| Long-term debt | | | | | | | | | |
| Senior Secured Credit Facilities | $ | 1,896.5 |
| | $ | 1,930.6 |
| | $ | 1,930.6 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| 5.625% Notes | $ | 399.4 |
| | $ | 426.0 |
| | $ | 426.0 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Other long-term obligations | $ | 89.2 |
| | $ | 89.7 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 89.7 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Other liabilities | $ | 20.3 |
| | $ | 20.3 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2.8 |
| | $ | 17.5 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2018 |
| (in thousands) | Carrying Amount | | Fair Value | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
| Financial assets: | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 479,598 |
| | $ | 479,598 |
| | $ | 479,598 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Held-to-maturity securities | $ | 7,466 |
| | $ | 7,879 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 7,879 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Promissory notes | $ | 16,853 |
| | $ | 17,415 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 17,415 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Financial liabilities: | | | | | | | | | |
| Long-term debt | | | | | | | | | |
| Senior Secured Credit Facilities | $ | 1,907,932 |
| | $ | 1,886,333 |
| | $ | 1,886,333 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| 5.625% Notes | $ | 399,332 |
| | $ | 360,000 |
| | $ | 360,000 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Other long-term obligations | $ | 104,583 |
| | $ | 96,338 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 96,338 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Other liabilities | $ | 21,863 |
| | $ | 21,857 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2,815 |
| | $ | 19,042 |
|
| | | | December 31, 2017 | December 31, 2018 |
| (in thousands) | Carrying Amount | | Fair Value | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | |
| (in millions) | | Carrying Amount | | Fair Value | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
| Financial assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 277,953 |
| | $ | 277,953 |
| | $ | 277,953 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| $ | 479.6 |
| | $ | 479.6 |
| | $ | 479.6 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Loan to the JIVDC | $ | 20,900 |
| | $ | 16,533 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 16,533 |
| |
| Held-to-maturity securities | | $ | 7.5 |
| | $ | 7.9 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 7.9 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Promissory notes | | $ | 16.9 |
| | $ | 17.4 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 17.4 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Financial liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Long-term debt | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Senior Secured Credit Facilities | $ | 730,787 |
| | $ | 760,456 |
| | $ | 760,456 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| $ | 1,907.9 |
| | $ | 1,886.3 |
| | $ | 1,886.3 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| 5.625% Notes | $ | 399,249 |
| | $ | 412,000 |
| | $ | 412,000 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| $ | 399.3 |
| | $ | 360.0 |
| | $ | 360.0 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Other long-term obligations | $ | 119,310 |
| | $ | 113,460 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 113,460 |
| | $ | — |
| $ | 104.6 |
| | $ | 96.3 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 96.3 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Other liabilities | $ | 22,696 |
| | $ | 22,696 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 22,696 |
| $ | 21.9 |
| | $ | 21.8 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2.8 |
| | $ | 19.0 |
|
The following table summarizes the changes in fair value of the Company’sour Level 3 liabilities measured on a recurring basis:
| | | | Other Liabilities | Other Liabilities |
| (in thousands) | Contingent Purchase Price | |
| Balance at January 1, 2016 | $ | 13,815 |
| |
| (in millions) | | Contingent Purchase Price |
| Balance as of January 1, 2017 | | $ | 48.2 |
|
| Additions | 34,945 |
| 0.9 |
|
| Payments | (1,793 | ) | (19.6 | ) |
Included in earnings (1) | 1,277 |
| (6.8 | ) |
| Balance at December 31, 2016 | 48,244 |
| |
| Additions | 905 |
| |
| Balance as of December 31, 2017 | | 22.7 |
|
| Payments | (19,613 | ) | (4.2 | ) |
Included in earnings (1) | (6,840 | ) | 0.5 |
|
| Balance at December 31, 2017 | 22,696 |
| |
| Balance as of December 31, 2018 | | 19.0 |
|
| Payments | (4,108 | ) | (8.5 | ) |
Included in earnings (1) | 454 |
| 7.0 |
|
| Balance at December 31, 2018 | $ | 19,042 |
| |
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | | $ | 17.5 |
|
| |
| (1) | The charge (benefit)expense is included withinin “General and administrative” within our Consolidated StatementStatements of Operations.Income. |
The following table sets forth the assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis during the years ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017:2018:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in thousands) | Valuation Date | | Valuation Technique | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total Balance | | Total Reduction in Fair Value Recorded |
Goodwill (1) | 9/30/2017 | | Discounted Cash Flow | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 598 |
| | $ | 598 |
| | $ | (18,026 | ) |
Property and equipment (2) | 12/31/2018 | | Cost and Market Approach | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (34,288 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Valuation Date | | Valuation Technique | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total Balance | | Total Reduction in Fair Value Recorded |
| Goodwill | 10/1/2019 | | Discounted cash flow and market approach | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 161.1 |
| | $ | 161.1 |
| | $ | (88.0 | ) |
| Gaming licenses | 10/1/2019 | | Discounted cash flow | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 290.0 |
| | $ | 290.0 |
| | $ | (62.6 | ) |
| Trademarks | 10/1/2019 | | Discounted cash flow | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 87.5 |
| | $ | 87.5 |
| | $ | (20.0 | ) |
Property and equipment (1) | 12/31/2018 | | Cost and market approach | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (34.3 | ) |
| |
(2) | The fair value, which was concluded to be zero, of our property and equipment associated with Resorts Casino Tunica was determined using Level 2 inputs. See Note 7, “Property and Equipment” for more information. |
The following table summarizes the significant unobservable inputs used in calculating fair value for our Level 3 liabilities on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2018:2019:
|
| | | | | |
| | Valuation Technique | | Unobservable Input | | Discount Rate |
Recurring basis: | | | | | |
Contingent purchase price - Plainridge Park Casino contingent purchase price | Discounted cash flow | | Discount rate | | 7.53%5.63% |
As discussed in Note 17—8, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” we recorded impairments on our gaming licenses and trademarks, which are indefinite-lived intangible assets, as a result of our 2019 annual assessment for impairment. The following table presents quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of other indefinite-lived intangible assets as of the valuation date below: |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Fair Value | | Valuation Technique | | Unobservable Input | | Range or Amount |
| As of October 1, 2019 | | | | | | | |
| Gaming licenses | $ | 290.0 |
| | Discounted cash flow | | Discount rate | | 10.5% - 11.25% |
|
| | | | | | Long-term revenue growth rate | | 2.0 | % |
| Trademarks | $ | 87.5 |
| | Discounted cash flow | | Discount rate | | 10.5% - 11.25% |
|
| | | | | | Long-term revenue growth rate | | 2.0 | % |
| | | | | | Pretax royalty rate | | 1.0% - 2.0% |
|
Note 19—Related Party Transactions
The Company currently leases executive office buildings in Wyomissing, Pennsylvania from affiliates of its Chairman Emeritus of the Board of Directors. Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 and 2016 was $1.3$1.2 million, $1.2$1.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively. TheCertain of the leases for the office space expireexpired in May 2019, andbut have been extended on a month-to-month basis; the remaining long-term lease for the office space expires in August 2024. The future minimum lease commitments relating to these leases as of December 31, 20182019 were $3.2$1.8 million.
Note 18—20—Summarized Quarterly Data (Unaudited)
The following table summarizes the quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017:2018:
| | | | Fiscal Quarter | Fiscal Quarter |
| (in thousands, except per share data) | First | | Second (1) | | Third | | Fourth (2) | |
| 2018 | | | | | | | | |
| Revenues | $ | 816,085 |
| | $ | 826,913 |
| | $ | 789,651 |
| | $ | 1,155,269 |
| |
| Operating income | $ | 172,134 |
| | $ | 181,755 |
| | $ | 155,843 |
| | $ | 124,360 |
| |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 45,437 |
| | $ | 53,988 |
| | $ | 36,125 |
| | $ | (42,036 | ) | |
Earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | |
| Basic earnings (loss) per common share | $ | 0.50 |
| | $ | 0.59 |
| | $ | 0.39 |
| | $ | (0.37 | ) | |
| Diluted earnings (loss) per common share | $ | 0.48 |
| | $ | 0.57 |
| | $ | 0.38 |
| | $ | (0.37 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Quarter | |
| (in thousands, except per share data) | First (3) | | Second (4) | | Third (5) | | Fourth (6) | |
| 2017 | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions, except per share data) | | First | | Second | | Third | | Fourth (1) |
| 2019 | | | | | | | | |
| Revenues | $ | 776,224 |
| | $ | 796,463 |
| | $ | 806,247 |
| | $ | 769,036 |
| $ | 1,282.6 |
| | $ | 1,323.1 |
| | $ | 1,354.5 |
| | $ | 1,341.2 |
|
| Operating income | $ | 140,287 |
| | $ | 134,989 |
| | $ | 143,663 |
| | $ | 26,775 |
| $ | 182.4 |
| | $ | 198.4 |
| | $ | 179.8 |
| | $ | 11.3 |
|
| Net income (loss) | $ | 5,104 |
| | $ | 17,079 |
| | $ | 789,340 |
| | $ | (338,060 | ) | $ | 41.0 |
| | $ | 51.3 |
| | $ | 43.7 |
| | $ | (92.9 | ) |
| Earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Basic earnings (loss) per common share | $ | 0.06 |
| | $ | 0.19 |
| | $ | 8.68 |
| | $ | (3.72 | ) | $ | 0.35 |
| | $ | 0.44 |
| | $ | 0.38 |
| | $ | (0.80 | ) |
| Diluted earnings (loss) per common share | $ | 0.06 |
| | $ | 0.18 |
| | $ | 8.43 |
| | $ | (3.72 | ) | $ | 0.35 |
| | $ | 0.44 |
| | $ | 0.38 |
| | $ | (0.80 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | Fiscal Quarter |
| (in millions, except per share data) | | First | | Second (2) | | Third | | Fourth (3) |
| 2018 | | | | | | | | |
| Revenues | | $ | 816.1 |
| | $ | 826.9 |
| | $ | 789.7 |
| | $ | 1,155.3 |
|
| Operating income | | $ | 172.1 |
| | $ | 181.8 |
| | $ | 155.8 |
| | $ | 124.4 |
|
| Net income (loss) | | $ | 45.4 |
| | $ | 54.0 |
| | $ | 36.1 |
| | $ | (42.0 | ) |
| Earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | |
| Basic earnings (loss) per common share | | $ | 0.50 |
| | $ | 0.59 |
| | $ | 0.39 |
| | $ | (0.37 | ) |
| Diluted earnings (loss) per common share | | $ | 0.48 |
| | $ | 0.57 |
| | $ | 0.38 |
| | $ | (0.37 | ) |
| |
(2)(3) | During the fourth quarter of 2018, we acquired Pinnacle, which resulted in the incurrence of $74.7 million in pre-opening and acquisition costs. See Note 5, “Acquisitions and Other Investments,” for further details. In addition, we recorded a $34.3 million impairment of long-lived assets. See |
| |
(3) | During the first quarter 2017, PSG acquired DSG Amusement, Ltd., which operated two VGT routes. Additionally, we recorded a $23.4 million loss on early extinguishment of debt. See Note 9,10, “Long-term Debt,” for more details. |
| |
(4) | During the second quarter 2017, PSG acquired Advantage Gaming LLC, which operated two VGT routes, and the Company acquired 1st Jackpot Casino Tunica and Resorts Casino Tunica.
|
| |
(5) | During the third quarter 2017, we released $766.2 million of our total valuation allowance, as discussed in Note 12, “Income Taxes.” In addition, we recorded $18.0 million of goodwill impairment, as discussed in Note 8, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” Lastly, PIV reached an agreement with the former shareholders of Rocket Speed to buy out the remaining contingent consideration, which resulted in a benefit in the amount of $22.2 million. |
| |
(6) | During the fourth quarter 2017, we wrote off $257.0 million of deferred tax assets due to the Tax Act. See Note 12, “Income Taxes,” for further information. We also recorded a $77.9 million provision relating to JIVDC loan losses and unfunded loan commitments. |
Note 19—21—Subsequent Events
Margaritaville Resort Casino
On January 1, 2019,In February 2020, we closed on our investment in Barstool Sports, Inc. (“Barstool Sports”), a leading digital sports, entertainment and media platform, pursuant to a stock purchase agreement with Barstool Sports and certain stockholders of Barstool Sports (the “Sellers”), in which we purchased approximately 36% of the Company acquired the operationscommon stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Margaritaville Resort CasinoBarstool Sports (“Barstool Sports Common Stock”) for an aggregatea purchase price of approximately $115$163.0 million. The purchase price consisted of approximately $135.0 million pursuant to (i) an agreementin cash and plan$28.0 million in shares of merger (the “Margaritaville Merger Agreement”) among VICI, Riverview Merger Sub Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of VICI (“Merger Sub”), Penn Tenant II, LLC (“Buyer”), a wholly-owned subsidiarynon-voting convertible preferred stock of the Company (the “Penn Preferred Stock”). 1/1,000th of a share of the Penn Preferred Stock will be convertible into one share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company Bossier Casino Venture (HoldCo)(“Penn Common Stock”), Inc. (“Holdco”) and Silver Slipper Gaming, LLC and (ii) a membership interest purchase agreement (the “MIPA”) among VICI, Merger Sub, Buyer and the Company.Penn Preferred Stock will be entitled to participate equally and ratably in all dividends and distributions paid to holders of Penn Common Stock based on the number of shares of Penn Common Stock into which such Penn Preferred Stock could convert.
Pursuant to the Margaritaville Merger Agreement, Merger Sub merged with and into Holdco with Holdco surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of VICI (the “Merger”) and owner of the land and real estate assets relating to Margaritaville Resort Casino. Pursuant to the MIPA, immediately following the consummation of the Merger, HoldCo sold the limited liability company interests in Holdco’s sole direct subsidiary, BCV (Intermediate) LLC, owner of the Margaritaville Resort Casino operating assets, to the Buyer. On the closing date, Buyer and VICI entered into a triple net lease agreement for the Margaritaville Resort Casino facility having an initial annual rent of $23.2 million and an initial term of 15 years, with four 5-year renewal options. The acquisition was financed through incremental borrowings under the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility.
Due to the recent acquisition date of Margaritaville Resort Casino, the Company has not yet finalized its valuation analysis and is in the process of evaluating key assumptions that derive the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including the income tax balances. Therefore, we are unable to provide the preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
New Share Repurchase Program
On January 9, 2019, the Company announced a new share repurchase program pursuant to which the Board of Directors authorized to repurchase up to $200 million of the Company’s common stock. The new share repurchase program covers an authorization period of two years, expiring on December 31, 2020.
| |
| ITEM 9. | CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE |
None.
| |
| ITEM 9A. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management, under the supervision and with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of December 31, 2018,2019, which is the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well-designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 20182019 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized, evaluated and reported, as applicable, within the time periods specified in the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)). Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, and concluded that it was effective as of December 31, 2018.2019. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013 framework).
On October 15, 2018,May 23, 2019, the Company completed its acquisition of Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc.acquired Greektown Casino-Hotel (“Pinnacle”Greektown”). Since the Company has not yet fully incorporated the internal controls and procedures of PinnacleGreektown into the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, management excluded PinnacleGreektown from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018.2019. This acquisition constituted approximately 56%6% of the Company’s total consolidated assets and approximately 11%4% of the Company’s consolidated revenues as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, respectively.
Based on this assessment, management determined that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018.2019.
Deloitte & Touche LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, issued an attestation report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting which immediately follows this report.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2018,2019, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. In making our assessment of changes in internal control over financial reporting, we have excluded Pinnacle, which was acquired on October 15, 2018. We intend to disclose any material changes in internal control over financial reporting with respect to the acquisition of Pinnacle in the first annual assessment of internal control over financial reporting in which we are required to include Pinnacle.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders ofshareholders and the Board of Directors of
Penn National Gaming, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Penn National Gaming, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018,2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018,2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 20182019, of the Company and our report dated February 28, 201927, 2020, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and included an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company’s adoption of a new accounting standard.
As described in Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, management excluded from its assessment the internal control over financial reporting at Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc.,Greektown Casino-Hotel which was acquired on October 15, 2018May 23, 2019 and whose financial statements constitute approximately 56%6% of the Company’s total consolidated assets and 11%approximately 4% of the Company’s total consolidated net revenues as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018 respectively.2019. Accordingly, our audit did not include the internal control over financial reporting at Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc.Greektown Casino-Hotel.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
|
|
| /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP |
| |
| Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
February 28, 201927, 2020 |
| |
| ITEM 9B. | OTHER INFORMATION |
None.
PART III
| |
| ITEM 10. | DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE |
The remaining information required by this item concerning directors and corporate governance is hereby incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement for its Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “2019“2020 Proxy Statement”), to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after December 31, 2018,2019, pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Act. Information required by this item concerning executive officers is included in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
| |
| ITEM 11. | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION |
The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the 20192020 Proxy Statement.
| |
| ITEM 12. | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDERS MATTERS |
The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the 20192020 Proxy Statement.
| |
| ITEM 13. | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE |
The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the 20192020 Proxy Statement.
| |
| ITEM 14. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES |
The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the 20192020 Proxy Statement.
PART IV
| |
| ITEM 15. | EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES |
|
| |
| (a) 1. | Financial Statements. |
| | The following is a list of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and its subsidiaries and supplementary data included herein under Item 8 of Part II of this report, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”: |
|
| |
| 2. | Financial Statement Schedules. |
| | All schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable, or not required, or because the required information is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto. |
|
| |
| 3. | Exhibits, Including Those Incorporated by Reference. |
| | The exhibits to this Report are listed on the accompanying index to exhibits and are incorporated herein by reference or are filed as part of this annual report on Form 10-K.
|
| |
| ITEM 16. | FORM 10-K SUMMARY |
We have elected not to disclose the optional summary information.
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
| | | |
| Exhibit | | |
| Number | | Description of Exhibit |
| 2.1†† |
| | |
| | | |
| 2.2†† |
| | Membership Interest Purchase Agreement by and among Boyd Gaming Corporation, Boyd TCIV, LLC, Penn National Gaming, Inc., Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc. and Pinnacle MLS, LLC, dated as of December 17, 2017 is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2017. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
| | | |
| 2.3†† |
| | Consent Agreement by and among Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc., Gold Merger Sub, LLC, PA Meadows, LLC, WTA II, Inc., CCR Pennsylvania Racing, Inc., Penn National Gaming, Inc., PNK Development 33, LLC, Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc. and Pinnacle MLS, LLC, dated as of December 17, 2017 is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2017. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
| | | |
| 2.4†† |
| | Master Lease Commitment and Rent Allocation Agreement by and among Boyd Gaming Corporation, Boyd TCIV, LLC, Penn National Gaming, Inc., Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc. and Gold Merger Sub, LLC, dated as of December 17, 2017 is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2017. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
| | | |
| 2.5†† |
| | |
| | | |
| 2.6†† |
| | Purchase Agreement by and between Penn National Gaming, Inc., Gold Merger Sub, LLC, and upon their execution and delivery of the joinder, PNK (Ohio), LLC and Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc., dated as of December 17, 2017 is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2017. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
| | | |
| 2.7†† |
| | Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June 18, 2018, among VICI Properties Inc., Riverview Merger Sub Inc., Penn Tenant II, LLC, Penn National Gaming, Inc., Bossier Casino Venture (HoldCo), Inc. and Silver Slipper Gaming, LLC is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 19, 2018. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
| | | |
| 2.8†† |
| | |
| | | |
3.1*2.9†† |
| | Stock Purchase Agreement by and among Penn National Gaming, Inc., Barstool Sports, Inc., TCG XII, LLC, TCG Digital Spots, LLC and the Individuals Set Forth on Schedule A, dated as of January 28, 2020 is hereby incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 29, 2020. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
| | |
| 3.1 |
| | Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Penn National Gaming, Inc., filed with the Pennsylvania Department of State on October 15, 1996, as amended by the Articles of Amendments to the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation filed with the Pennsylvania Department of State on November 13, 1996, July 23, 2001 and December 28, 2007 and the Statement with Respect to Shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of Penn National Gaming, Inc. dated as of January 17, 2013.2013, is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
|
| | | |
| Exhibit | | |
| Number | | Description of Exhibit |
| 3.2 |
| | |
| | | |
| 4.1 |
| | |
| | | |
| 4.2 |
| | |
| | | |
| 4.3 |
| | |
| | | |
| 4.4* |
| | |
| | | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description of Exhibit |
| 9.1*** |
| | Form of Trust Agreement of Peter D. Carlino, Peter M. Carlino, Richard J. Carlino, David E. Carlino, Susan F. Harrington, Anne de Lourdes Irwin, Robert M. Carlino, Stephen P. Carlino and Rosina E. Carlino Gilbert is hereby incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, dated May 26, 1994. (SEC File No. 33-77758) |
| | | |
10.1*†10.1† |
| | Penn National Gaming, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Plan”), as amended and restated effective April 4, 2013, as amended by that First Amendment, Second Amendment, Third Amendment and Fourth Amendment to the Plan, effective November 1, 2013, October 1, 2015, January 1, 2017 and January 1, 2017, respectively.respectively, is hereby incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
| | | |
| 10.2† |
| | |
| | | |
10.3† |
| | |
| | |
10.4†10.2(a)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.5†10.2(b)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.6†10.2(c)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.7†10.2(d)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.8†10.2(e)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.9†10.2(e)(i)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.10†10.2(e)(ii)† |
| | |
|
| | | |
| Exhibit | | |
| Number | | Description of Exhibit |
| 10.3† |
| | |
| | | |
10.11†10.3(a)* |
| | |
| | |
| 10.3(b)† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.3(c)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.12†10.3(d)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.13†10.3(e)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.14† |
| | |
|
| | | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description of Exhibit |
| | |
10.15†10.3(f)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.16†10.3(f)(i)† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.3(f)(ii)† |
| | |
| | | |
10.17†10.3(g) |
| | |
| | | |
10.18†10.3(g)(i)† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.3(h)*† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.3(i)*† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.3(j)*† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.3(k)*† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.3(l)*† |
| | |
| | |
|
| | | |
| Exhibit | | |
| Number | | Description of Exhibit |
| 10.3(m)*† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.4† |
| | |
| | | |
10.19†10.5† |
| | |
| | |
10.20† |
| | |
| | | |
10.21†10.6† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.6(a)† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.7† |
| | |
| | | |
10.22†10.8† |
| | |
| | | |
10.23*10.9† |
| | |
| | |
| 10.10* |
| | Lease Agreement, dated March 31, 1995 between Wyomissing Professional Center III, LP and Penn National Gaming, Inc., as amended by certain amendments dated April 15, 1997, October 30, 1997, April 23, 1998, November 16, 1999, August 21, 2000, April 5, 2005, November 20, 2007, and May 25, 2012, respectively. |
| | | |
10.24*10.11* |
| | Lease dated January 30, 2002 between Wyomissing Professional Center II, LP and Penn National Gaming, Inc. as amended by certain amendments dated May 23, 2002, December 4, 2002, January 29, 2003, October 19, 2010, May 25, 2012, and September 1, 2017, respectively. |
| | | |
10.25*10.12* |
| | |
| | | |
10.26† |
| | |
| | |
10.27† |
| | |
| | |
10.28†10.13†† |
| | |
| | | |
10.28(a)10.13(a) |
| | |
| | | |
10.28(b)10.13(b) |
| | |
|
| | | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description of Exhibit |
| | | |
10.28(c)10.13(c) |
| | |
| | | |
10.28(d) |
| | | |
| Exhibit | | |
| Number | | Description of Exhibit |
| 10.13(d) |
| | |
| | | |
10.28(e)10.13(e) |
| | |
| | | |
10.28(f)10.13(f) |
| | |
| | | |
10.28(g)10.13(g) |
| | |
| | | |
10.28(h)*10.13(h) |
| | |
| | | |
10.29†10.14††
|
| | |
| | | |
10.29(a)10.14(a) |
| | |
| | | |
10.29(b)10.14(b) |
| | |
| | | |
10.29(c)10.14(c) |
| | |
| | | |
10.29(d)10.14(d)††
|
| | |
| | | |
10.29(e)10.15 |
| | |
| | | |
10.3010.16 |
| | Second Amendment and Refinancing Agreement, dated as of January 19, 2017, by and among Penn National Gaming, Inc., as borrower, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as swingline lender, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and Bank of America, N.A., as collateral agent, is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 20, 2017. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
| | | |
10.3110.17 |
| | Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of January 19, 2017, by and among Penn National Gaming, Inc., as borrower, the guarantors from time to time party thereto, the lenders from time to time party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, Bank of America, N.A., as collateral agent and the other parties thereto, is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on January 20, 2017. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
| | | |
|
| | | |
| Exhibit | | |
| Number | | Description of Exhibit |
10.3210.18 |
| | |
| | | |
10.33†10.19††
|
| | Incremental Joinder Agreement No. 1, dated as of October 15, 2018 by and among Penn National Gaming, Inc., certain subsidiaries of Penn National Gaming, Inc. party thereto as guarantors, Bank of America, N.A., as letter of credit lender, swingline lender, administrative agent and collateral agent and the lenders party thereto is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 15, 2018. (SEC File No. 000-24206) |
| | | |
10.34*** |
| | Riverboat Gaming Development Agreement between the City of Lawrenceburg, Indiana and Indiana Gaming Company, L.P. dated as of April 13, 1994, as amended by Amendment Number One to Riverboat Development Agreement between the City of Lawrenceburg, Indiana and Indiana Gaming Company L.P., dated as of December 28, 1995 is hereby incorporated by reference to Argosy Gaming Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995. (SEC File No. 001-11853) |
| | |
10.34(a) |
| | |
| | |
10.34(b) |
| | |
| | |
10.3510.20 |
| | |
| | | |
10.36 |
| | |
| | |
10.3710.21 |
| | |
| | | |
10.38 |
| | |
| | |
10.39 |
| | |
| | |
10.40 |
| | Separation and Distribution Agreement, dated April 28, 2016, by and among PNK Entertainment, Inc. and Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc., and, solely with respect to Article VIII, Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc. is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 28, 2016. (SEC File No. 001-37666) |
| | |
10.41 |
| | |
| | |
|
| | | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description of Exhibit |
10.4210.22 |
| | |
| | | |
10.4310.22(a) |
| | |
| | | |
10.4410.22(b) |
| | |
| | | |
10.45 |
| | |
| | |
10.46†10.23†† |
| | |
| | | |
| 21.1* |
| | |
| | | |
| 23.1* |
| | |
| | | |
| 23.2* |
| | |
| | |
23.3* |
| | |
| | |
23.4* |
| | |
| | | |
| 31.1* |
| | |
| | | |
| 31.2* |
| | |
| | | |
| 32.1** |
| | |
| | | |
| 32.2** |
| | |
| | | |
| 99.1* |
| | |
| | | |
| 99.2* |
| | |
|
| | | |
| Exhibit | | |
99.3* |
| | |
| | Description of Exhibit |
| 101.INS |
| | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. |
| | | |
| 101.SCH |
| | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
| | | |
| 101.CAL |
| | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
| | | |
| 101.DEF |
| | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
| | | |
|
| | | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description of Exhibit |
| 101.LAB |
| | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
| | | |
| 101.PRE |
| | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
| | |
| 104 |
| | Cover Page Inline XBRL File (included in Exhibit 101) |
| | | |
| * |
| | Filed herewith. |
| ** |
| | Furnished herewith. |
| *** |
| | Paper filing. |
| † |
| | Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
| †† |
| | Schedules and ExhibitsAnnexes, schedules and/or exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. Penn National Gaming, Inc. hereby undertakesagrees to furnish supplemental copiessupplementally a copy of any ofomitted attachment to the omitted schedulesSEC on a confidential basis upon request by the SEC.request. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
| | | |
| | | | PENN NATIONAL GAMING, INC. |
| Dated: | February 28, 201927, 2020 | By: | /s/ Timothy J. WilmottJay A. Snowden |
| | | | Timothy J. WilmottJay A. Snowden |
| | | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
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| Signature | | Title | | Date |
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/s/ Timothy J. WilmottJay A. Snowden | | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) | | February 28, 201927, 2020 |
Timothy J. WilmottJay A. Snowden | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ William J. Fair | | Executive Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | | February 28, 201927, 2020 |
| William J. Fair | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Christine LaBombard | | Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) | | February 28, 201927, 2020 |
| Christine LaBombard | | |
| | | | |
/s/ Peter M. Carlino | | Chairman of the Board | | February 28, 2019 |
Peter M. Carlino | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ David A. Handler | | Director, Chairman of the Board | | February 28, 201927, 2020 |
| David A. Handler | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ John M. Jacquemin | | Director | | February 28, 201927, 2020 |
| John M. Jacquemin | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Ronald J. Naples | | Director | | February 28, 201927, 2020 |
| Ronald J. Naples | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Saul V. Reibstein | | Director | | February 28, 201927, 2020 |
| Saul V. Reibstein | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Barbara Z. Shattuck Kohn | | Director | | February 28, 201927, 2020 |
| Barbara Z. Shattuck Kohn | | |
| | | | | |
| /s/ Jane Scaccetti | | Director | | February 28, 201927, 2020 |
| Jane Scaccetti | | |