UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DCD.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

þ[X]Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, or
 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, or

o[    ]Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period fromto.
For the transition period fromto.

Commission File Number

000-53354

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware 26-0241222
Delaware

(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation)

incorporation or organization)

 26-0241222
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
200 East Basse Road
San Antonio, Texas78209
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
200 East Basse Road
San Antonio, Texas 78209
Telephone

(210) 822-2828

(Address, including zip code, andRegistrant’s telephone number,
including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

  

Name of each exchange on which registered

n/a  n/a

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Title of class

Class A common stock, $.001 par value

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities

Act.     YES   o[    ]   NO   þ

[X]

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange

Act.     YES   o[    ]   NO   þ

[X]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     YES   þ[X]   NO   o

[    ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    YES   [X]   NO   [    ]

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   o

[X]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer oAccelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer þ
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company o
Large accelerated filer [    ] Accelerated filer [X] Non-accelerated filer [    ] Smaller reporting company [    ]

Indicate by checkmarkcheck mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).     YES   o[    ]   NO   þ

[X]

As of June 30, 2008,2011, the Company’saggregate market value of the common stock beneficially held by non-affiliates of the registrant was not publicly traded.

approximately $137.0 million based on the closing sales price of the Class A common stock as reported on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board.

On February 26, 2009,January 31, 2012, there were 23,602,14923,575,195 outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock, excluding 81common stock (excluding 530,944 shares held in treasury,treasury), 555,556 outstanding shares of Class B Common Stockcommon stock and 58,967,502 outstanding shares of Class C Common Stock.

common stock.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of our Definitive Proxy Statement for the 20092012 Annual Meeting, expected to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end, are incorporated by reference into Part III.


CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC.

INDEX TO FORM 10-K

       

Page

Number

PART I.

Item 1.

Business   1Number

Item 1A.

PART I.Risk Factors   15  

Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments   23

Item 2.

Properties   23  

Item 1.3.

  BusinessLegal Proceedings   324  

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures   25  

Item 1A.PART II.

  Risk Factors  20

Item 5.

  
Unresolved Staff Comments27
Properties27
Legal Proceedings28
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders29
PART II.
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities28

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data   30  

Item 7.

  
Selected Financial Data31
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations   3332  

Item 7A.

  
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures aboutAbout Market Risk   6164  

Item 8.

  
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data   6265  

Item 9.

  
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure   129108  

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures   108

Item 9B.

Other Information   
Controls and Procedures130110  
PART III.    

Item 10.

  
Other Information132
PART III.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance   133111  

Item 11.

Executive Compensation   111  

Item 11.12.

  Executive Compensation134
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters   134111  

Item 13.

  
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence   134111  

Item 14.

  
Principal Accounting Fees and Services   134111  
PART IV.    

Item 15.

  
PART IV.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules   135112  
EX-10.24
EX-11
EX-12
EX-21
EX-23
EX-31.1
EX-31.2
EX-32.1
EX-32.2


PART I
ITEM 1. Business

ITEM 1.BUSINESS

The Company

We were incorporated in May 2007 by private equity funds sponsored by Bain Capital Partners, LLC (“Bain Capital”) and Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. (the(“THL,” and together, the “Sponsors”) for the purpose of acquiring the business of Clear Channel Communications, Inc., a Texas corporation (“Clear Channel”). The acquisition was completed on July 30, 2008 pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 16, 2006, as amended on April 18, 2007, May 17, 2007 and May 13, 2008 (the “Merger Agreement”). As a result of the merger, each issued and outstanding share of Clear Channel, other than shares held by certain of our principals that were rolled over and exchanged for shares of our Class A common stock, werewas either exchanged for (i) $36.00 in cash consideration without interest, or (ii) one share of our Class A common stock. Prior to the consummation of our acquisition of Clear Channel, we had not conducted any activities, other than activities incident to our formation and in connection with the acquisition, and did not have any assets or liabilities, other than those related to the acquisition.

     Subsequent to the consummation of our acquisition of Clear Channel, we became a diversified media company with three reportable business segments: Radio Broadcasting, Americas Outdoor Advertising (consisting primarily of operations in the United States, Canada and Latin America) and International Outdoor Advertising.
     The global economic slowdown has adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses in recent months. In this regard, we performed an interim impairment test in the fourth quarter of 2008 and recorded a non-cash impairment of approximately $5.3 billion.
     On January 20, 2009 we announced that we commenced a restructuring program targeting a reduction of fixed costs by approximately $350 million on an annualized basis. As part of the program, we eliminated approximately 1,850 full-time positions representing approximately 9% of total workforce. The restructuring program will also include other actions, including elimination of overlapping functions and other cost savings initiatives. The program is expected to result in restructuring and other non-recurring charges of approximately $200 million, although additional costs may be incurred as the program evolves. The cost savings initiatives are expected to be fully implemented by the end of the first quarter of 2010. No assurance can be given that the restructuring program will be successful or will achieve the anticipated cost savings in the timeframe expected or at all. In addition, we may modify or terminate the restructuring program in response to economic conditions or otherwise.
     As of December 31, 2008 we had recognized approximately $95.9 million of expenses related to our restructuring program. These expenses primarily related to severance of approximately $83.3 million and $12.6 million related to professional fees.
     In November 2006, Clear Channel announced plans to sell all of its television stations and certain non-core radio stations. On March 14, 2008, Clear Channel completed the sale of its television business to Newport Television, LLC. Clear Channel also completed the planned divestiture of certain of its non-core radio stations in 2008. The total number of non-core radio stations divested under the plan was 262, with 102 of those stations divested in 2008.
     On November 11, 2005, Clear Channel completed the initial public offering, or IPO, of approximately 10% of the common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., or CCO, comprised of the Americas and International outdoor segments. On December 21, 2005 Clear Channel completed the spin-off of its former live entertainment segment, which now operates under the name Live Nation.

You can find more information about us at our Internet website located at www.ccmediaholdings.com.www.ccmediaholdings.com. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports are available free of charge through our Internet website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish such material to, the SEC.Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The contents of our website are not deemed to be part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or any of our other filings with the SEC.

Our principal executive offices are located at 200 East Basse Road, San Antonio, Texas 78209 (telephone: 210-822-2828).

Our Business Segments

We haveare a diversified media and entertainment company with three reportable business segments: Radio Broadcasting, or Radio;Media and Entertainment (“CCME,” formerly known as Radio); Americas Outdoor Advertising, or Americas;outdoor advertising (“Americas outdoor”); and International Outdoor Advertising, or International.outdoor advertising (“International outdoor”). Our CCME segment provides media and entertainment services via broadcast and digital delivery and also includes our national syndication business. Our Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments provide outdoor advertising services in their respective geographic regions using various digital and traditional display types. Our “Other” segment includes our full-service media representation business, Katz Media Group (“Katz Media”), as well as other general support services and initiatives, which are ancillary to our other businesses. Approximately half of our revenue is generated from

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our Radio BroadcastingCCME segment. The remaining half is comprised of our Americas Outdoor Advertising business segment,outdoor and our International Outdoor Advertising business segment,outdoor advertising segments, as well as Katz Media a full-service media representation firm, and other support services and initiatives. In addition

We are a leading global media and entertainment company specializing in radio, digital, out-of-home, mobile and on-demand entertainment and information services for national audiences and local communities and providing premiere opportunities for advertisers. Through our strong capabilities and unique collection of assets, we have the ability to deliver compelling content as well as innovative, effective marketing campaigns for advertisers and marketing, creative and strategic partners in communities across the information provided below, you can find more information aboutAmericas and internationally.

We are focused on building the leadership position of our segmentsdiverse global assets and maximizing our financial performance while serving our local communities. We continue to invest strategically in our consolidated financial statements located in Item 8digital platforms, including the development of this Form 10-K.

     We believe we offer advertisers a diversethe next generation of iHeartRadio, our integrated digital radio platform, and the ongoing deployment of media assets across geographies, radio programming formats anddigital outdoor products.displays. We intend to continue to execute upon our long-standing radio broadcasting and outdoor advertising strategies while closely managing expense growthexpenses and focusing on achieving operating efficiencies throughoutacross our businesses. Within each of our operating segments, weWe share best practices across our businesses and markets in an attempt to replicate our successes throughout the markets in which we operate.
Radio Broadcasting

For more information about our revenue, gross profit and assets by segment and our revenue and long-lived assets by geographic area, see Note 13 to our Consolidated Financial Statements located in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

CCME

Our CCME operations include radio broadcasting, online and mobile services and products, program

syndication, entertainment, traffic data distribution and music research services. Our radio stations and content can be heard on AM/FM stations, HD radio stations, satellite radio, the Internet at iHeartRadio.com and our radio stations’ websites, through our iHeartRadio mobile application on iPads and smart phones, and via navigation systems.

As of December 31, 2008,2011, we owned 894866 domestic radio stations with 272 stations operating inservicing approximately 150 U.S. markets, including 45 of the top 50 largestmarkets and 86 of the top 100 markets. For the year ended December 31, 2008, Radio Broadcasting represented 49% of our combined net revenue. Our portfolio of stations offers a broad assortment of programming formats, including adult contemporary, country, contemporary hit radio, rock, news/talk, sports, urban and oldies, among others, to a total weekly listening base of more than 90 million individuals based on Arbitron National Regional Database figures for the Spring 2008 ratings period. Our radio broadcasting business includes radio stations for which we are the licensee and for which we program and/or sell air time under local marketing agreements (“LMAs”) or joint sales agreements (“JSAs”).

others.

In addition to our local radio broadcasting business,programming, we also operate our Premiere Radio Network,Networks (“Premiere”), a national radio network that produces, distributes or represents approximately 90 syndicated radio programs and services for approximately 5,000serves nearly 5,800 radio station affiliates. Some of our more popular syndicated radio personalities include Rush Limbaugh, Sean Hannity, Steve Harvey, Ryan Seacrest and Jeff Foxworthy. We also own various sports, newsdeliver real-time traffic information via navigation systems, radio and agriculture networks.

television broadcast media and wireless and Internet-based services through our traffic business, Total Traffic Network.

Strategy

Our radio broadcastingCCME strategy centers on delivering entertaining and informative content across multiple platforms, including broadcast, mobile and digital. We strive to serve our listeners by providing programmingthe content they desire on the platform they prefer, while supporting advertisers, strategic partners, music labels and servicesartists with a diverse platform of creative marketing opportunities designed to the local communities in which we operateeffectively reach and being a contributing member of those communities. We believe that by serving the needs of local communities, we will be able to grow listenership and deliverengage target audiences to advertisers.

audiences. Our radio broadcastingCCME strategy also entails improvingfocuses on continuing to improve the ongoing operations of our stations throughby providing valuable programming and promotions, as well as sharing best practices across our stations in marketing, distribution, sales and cost management.

Promote Local and National Advertising. We intend to grow our CCME businesses by continuing to develop effective programming, promotion, marketingcreating new solutions for our advertisers and agencies, fostering key relationships with advertisers and improving our national sales team. We intend to leverage our diverse collection of assets, as well as our programming and careful management of costs. In late 2004,creative strengths and our consumer relationships, to create special events such as one-of-a-kind local and national promotions for our listeners, and develop new, innovative technologies and products with which we implementedcan promote our advertisers. We seek to maximize revenue by closely managing our advertising opportunities and pricing to compete effectively in local markets. We operate price and yield optimization systems and invested in new information systems, which provide detailed inventory information. These systems enable our station levelmanagers and sales directors to adjust commercial inventory yield and pricing information previously unavailable.based on local market demand, as well as to manage and monitor different commercial durations (60 second, 30 second, 15 second and five second) in order to provide more effective advertising for our customers at what we believe are optimal prices given market conditions.

Continue to Enhance the Listener Experience. We shifted our sales force compensation plan from a straight “volume-based” commission percentage systemintend to a “value-based” system to reward success in optimizing price and inventory.

     We will continue to focus on enhancing the radio listener experience by offering a wide variety of compelling content.content and methods of delivery. We believewill continue to provide the content our listeners desire on the platform they prefer. Our investments in radio programming over time have created a collection of leading on-air talent. TheFor example, Premiere offers more than 90 syndicated radio programs and services for nearly 5,800 radio station affiliates across the United States, including popular programs such as Rush Limbaugh, Jim Rome, Steve Harvey, Ryan Seacrest, Elvis Duran and Delilah. Our distribution platform provided by our Premiere Radio Network allowscapabilities allow us to attract top talent and more effectively utilize qualityprogramming, sharing our best and most compelling content across many stations.

Deliver Content via Multiple Distribution Technologies. We are also continually expanding contentcontinue to expand the choices for our listeners, including utilizationlisteners. We deliver music, news, talk, sports, traffic and other content using an array of distribution technologies, including: broadcast radio and HD radio Internetchannels; satellite radio; online applications via iHeartRadio and our stations’ hundreds of websites; mobile via smart phones, iPads and other distribution channels with complementary formats. HD radio enables crystal clear reception, interactive features, data services and new applications. Further, HD radio allows for many more stations, providing greater variety of content which we believe will enable advertisers to target consumers more effectively. The interactive capabilities of HD radio will potentially permit us to participate in commercial download services. In addition, we provide streaming audio via the Internet, and accordingly, have increased listener reach and developed new listener applicationstablets as well as new advertising capabilities. Our websites hosted approximately 11.7 million unique visitors in December 2008in-vehicle entertainment and navigation systems. Some examples of our recent initiatives are as measured by CommScore / Media Metrix, making the collection of these websites one of the top five trafficked music websites. Finally, we have pioneered mobile applications which allow subscribers to use their cell phones to interact directly with the station, including finding titles/artists, requesting songs and downloading station wallpapers.

follows:

Streaming. We provide streaming content via the Internet, mobile and other digital platforms. We rank among the top streaming networks in the U.S. with regards to Average Active Sessions (“AAS”), Session Starts (“SS”) and Average Time Spent Listening (“ATSL”). AAS and SS measure the level of activity while ATSL measures the ability to keep the audience engaged.

Websites and Mobile Applications. We have developed mobile and Internet applications such as the iHeartRadio smart phone application and website. These mobile and Internet applications allow listeners to use their smart phones or other digital devices to interact directly with stations, find titles/artists, request songs and create custom stations while providing an additional method for advertisers to reach consumers. To date, our iHeartRadio mobile application has been downloaded more than 48 million times. iHeartRadio provides a unique digital music experience by offering access to more

than 800 live broadcast and digital-only radio stations, plus user-created custom stations with broad social media integration. Through our digital platforms, we estimate that we had more than 30 million unique digital visitors for the month of December 2011. In addition, for the month of December 2011, we estimate that our audience spent, on average, 77 hours listening via our websites and mobile applications.

Sources of Revenue

Our Radio BroadcastingCCME segment generated 49%, 50% and 53%48% of our combined revenue in 2008, 2007each of 2011, 2010 and 2006, respectively.2009. The primary source of revenue in our Radio BroadcastingCCME segment is the sale of commercial spotscommercials on our radio stations for local, regional and national advertising. Our localiHeartRadio mobile application and website, our station websites and our traffic business (Total Traffic Network) also provide additional means for our advertisers to reach consumers.

Our advertisers cover a wide range of categories, including consumer services, retailers, entertainment, health and beauty products, telecommunications, automotive and media. Our contracts with our advertisers generally provide for a term whichthat extends for less than a one yearone-year period.

4


We also generate additional revenues from network compensation, the Internet, airour online services, our traffic business, special events barter and other miscellaneous transactions. These other sources of revenue supplement our traditional advertising revenue without increasing on-air-commercial time.

Each radio station’s local sales staff solicits advertising directly from local advertisers or indirectly through advertising agencies. Our strategy of producingability to produce commercials that respond to the specific needs of our advertisers helps to build local direct advertising relationships. Regional advertising sales are also generally realized by our local sales staff. To generate national advertising sales, we leverage national sales teams and engage firms specializingour Katz Media unit, which specializes in soliciting radio advertising sales on a national level.level for us and other radio and television companies. National sales representatives such as Katz Media obtain advertising principally from advertising agencies located outside the station’s market and receive commissions based on advertising sold.

Advertising rates are principally based on the length of the spot and how many people in a targeted audience listen to our stations, as measured by independent ratings services. A station’s format can be important in determining the size and characteristics of its listening audience, and advertising rates are influenced by the station’s ability to attract and target audiences that advertisers aim to reach. The size of the market influences rates as well, with larger markets typically receiving higher rates than smaller markets. Rates are generally highest during morning and evening commuting periods.

     We seek to maximize revenue by closely managing on-air inventory of advertising time and adjusting prices to local market conditions. We implemented price and yield optimization systems and invested in new information systems, which provide detailed inventory information. These systems enable our station managers and sales directors to adjust commercial inventory and pricing based on local market demand, as well as to manage and monitor different commercial durations (60 second, 30 second, 15 second and five second) in order to provide more effective advertising for our customers at optimal prices.
Competition
     We compete in our respective markets for audiences, advertising revenue and programming with other radio stations owned by companies such as CBS, Citadel, Entercom and Cumulus. We also compete with other advertising media, including satellite radio, broadcast and cable television, print media, outdoor advertising, direct mail, the Internet and other forms of advertisement.

Radio Stations

As of December 31, 2008,2011, we owned 264866 radio stations, including 249 AM and 630617 FM domestic radio stations, of which 148 stations were in the top 25 largest U.S. markets. Therefore, no one property is material to our overall operations. We believe that our properties are in good condition and suitable for our operations.

Radio broadcasting is subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) under the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the “Communications Act”). As described in “Regulation of Our Media and Entertainment Business” below, the FCC grants us licenses in order to operate our radio stations. The following table sets forth certain selected information with regard toprovides the number of owned radio stations in the top 25 Arbitron-ranked markets within our radio broadcasting stations:

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CCME segment.


    Arbitron    
Market

Rank(1)

  

Market

  Number
of
Stations
1  New York, NY  5
2  Los Angeles, CA  8
3  Chicago, IL  7
4  San Francisco, CA  7
5  Dallas-Ft. Worth, TX  6
6  Houston-Galveston, TX  6
7  Philadelphia, PA  6
8  Washington, DC  5
9  Atlanta, GA  6
10  Boston, MA  4
11  Detroit, MI  7
12  Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Hollywood, FL  7
13  Seattle-Tacoma, WA  7

    Arbitron    
Market

Rank(1)

  

Market

  Number
of
Stations
14  

Puerto Rico

  0
15  

Phoenix, AZ

  8
16  

Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN

  6
17  

San Diego, CA

  7
18  

Nassau-Suffolk (Long Island), NY

  2
19  

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL

  8
20  

Denver-Boulder, CO

  8
21  

Baltimore, MD

  4
22  

St. Louis, MO

  6
23  

Portland, OR

  7
24  

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC

  5
25  

Pittsburgh, PA

  6
    

 

  

Total Top 25 Markets(2)

  148

         
      Number
  Market of
Market Rank* Stations
New York, NY  1   5 
Los Angeles, CA  2   8 
Chicago, IL  3   7 
San Francisco, CA  4   7 
Dallas-Ft. Worth, TX  5   6 
Houston-Galveston, TX  6   8 
Atlanta, GA  7   6 
Philadelphia, PA  8   6 
Washington, DC  9   5 
Boston, MA  10   4 
Detroit, MI  11   7 
Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Hollywood, FL  12   7 
Seattle-Tacoma, WA  13   6 
Phoenix, AZ  15   8 
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN  16   7 
San Diego, CA  17   8 
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL  18   8 
Nassau-Suffolk (Long Island), NY  19   2 
St. Louis, MO  20   6 
Denver-Boulder, CO  21   8 
Baltimore, MD  22   3 
Portland, OR  23   5 
Pittsburgh, PA  24   6 
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC  25   5 
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA  26   6 
Sacramento, CA  27   5 
Cincinnati, OH  28   8 
Cleveland, OH  29   6 
Salt Lake City-Ogden-Provo, UT  30   6 
San Antonio, TX  31   6 
Las Vegas, NV  33   3 
Orlando, FL  34   7 
San Jose, CA  35   3 
Columbus, OH  36   7 
Milwaukee-Racine, WI  37   6 
Austin, TX  39   6 
Indianapolis, IN  40   3 
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI  41   4 
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA  42   4 
Raleigh-Durham, NC  43   4 
Nashville, TN  44   5 
Greensboro-Winston Salem-High Point, NC  45   5 
Jacksonville, FL  46   7 
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL  47   6 
Oklahoma City, OK  48   6 
Memphis, TN  49   6 
Hartford-New Britain-Middletown, CT  50   5 
         
   Number
Market Market
Rank*
 of
Stations
Louisville, KY  53   8 
Richmond, VA  54   6 
New Orleans, LA  55   7 
Rochester, NY  56   7 
Birmingham, AL  57   5 
McAllen-Brownsville-Harlingen, TX  58   5 
Greenville-Spartanburg, SC  59   6 
Tucson, AZ  60   7 
Ft. Myers-Naples-Marco Island, FL  61   4 
Dayton, OH  62   8 
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY  63   7 
Honolulu, HI  64   7 
Tulsa, OK  65   6 
Fresno, CA  66   8 
Grand Rapids, MI  67   7 
Albuquerque, NM  68   7 
Allentown-Bethlehem, PA  69   4 
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA  72   5 
Sarasota-Bradenton, FL  73   6 
Bakersfield, CA  74   5 
Akron, OH  75   4 
El Paso, TX  76   5 
Wilmington, DE  77   5 
Baton Rouge, LA  78   5 
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA  79   6 
Stockton, CA  80   6 
Monterey-Salinas-Santa Cruz, CA  82   5 
Syracuse, NY  83   7 
Charleston, SC  84   5 
Little Rock, AR  85   5 
Springfield, MA  88   5 
Columbia, SC  89   6 
Des Moines, IA  90   5 
Toledo, OH  91   5 
Spokane, WA  92   6 
Colorado Springs, CO  94   3 
Ft. Pierce-Stuart-Vero Beach, FL  95   6 
Mobile, AL  96   4 
Melbourne-Titusville-Cocoa, FL  97   4 
Madison, WI  98   6 
Wichita, KS  99   4 
Various U.S. Cities  101-150   104 
Various U.S. Cities  151-200   91 
Various U.S. Cities  201-250   53 
Various U.S. Cities  251+   67 
Various U.S. Cities unranked  75 
         
Total (a) (b)
      894 
         

* Per(1)Source: Fall 2011 Arbitron Rankings as of November 2008.Radio Market Rankings.

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(a) Excluded from the 894 radio stations owned by us are 3 radio stations programmed pursuant to a local marketing agreement or shared services agreement (FCC licenses not owned by us) and one Mexican radio station that we provide programming to and sell airtime for under exclusive sales agency arrangements. Also excluded are radio stations in Australia, New Zealand and Mexico. We own a 50%, 50% and 20% equity interest in companies that have radio broadcasting operations in these markets, respectively. Effective January 30, 2009 we sold 57% of our remaining 20% interest in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones, the owner of the radio stations in Mexico.
(b)(2)Included in the total are stations that were placed in a trust in order to bring the merger into compliance with the FCC’s media ownership rules. We have divested certain of these stations in the past and will havecontinue to divest these stations.stations as required.

RadioPremiere Networks

     In addition to radio stations, our Radio Broadcasting segment includes our

We operate Premiere, Radio Network, a national radio network that produces, distributes or represents more than 90 syndicated radio programs and services for more than 5,0005,800 radio station affiliates. Our broad distribution platform enablescapabilities enable us to attract and retain top programming talent. Some of our more popular radio personalitiessyndicated programs include Rush Limbaugh, Sean Hannity,Jim Rome, Steve Harvey, Ryan Seacrest, Elvis Duran and Jeff Foxworthy.Delilah. We believe recruiting and retaining top talent is an important component of the success of our radio networks.

     We also own various sports, news

Total Traffic Network

Our traffic business, Total Traffic Network, delivers real-time traffic data to vehicles via in-car and agriculture networks serving Alabama, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Kentucky, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennesseeportable navigation systems, broadcast media, wireless and Virginia.

Internet-based services to thousands of radio and television stations across America. Our goal is to save time, fuel resources and alleviate roadway stress by providing accurate, relevant, and timely information to help motorists navigate their routes more intelligently.

International Radio InvestmentsCompetition

     We own equity interests in various international

Our broadcast radio stations, as well as our mobile and digital applications and our traffic business, compete for listeners and advertising revenues directly with other radio stations within their respective markets, as well as with other advertising media, including broadcast and cable television, online, print media, outdoor advertising, satellite radio, direct mail and other forms of advertisement. In addition, the radio broadcasting companies locatedindustry is subject to competition from services that use new media technologies that are being developed or have already been introduced, such as Internet-based media and satellite-based digital radio services. Such services reach national and regional audiences with multi-channel, multi-format, digital radio services.

Our broadcast radio stations compete for listeners primarily on the basis of program content that appeals to a particular demographic group. By building a strong brand identity with a targeted listener base consisting of specific demographic groups in Australia (50% ownership), Mexico (20% ownership) and New Zealand (50% ownership), which we account for under the equity method of accounting. Effective January 30, 2009 we sold 57%each of our remaining 20% interest in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones, the owner of the radio stations in Mexico.

Outdoor Advertising
     Our markets, we are able to attract advertisers seeking to reach those listeners.

Americas Outdoor Advertising segment

We are the largest outdoor advertising company in the Americas (based on revenues), which includes our operations in the United States, Canada and Latin America, with approximately 92%America. Approximately 89%, 89% and 91% of our 2008 revenue in thisour Americas outdoor advertising segment was derived from the United States.States for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. We own or operate approximately 237,000 displays125,000 display structures in our Americas outdoor segment and havewith operations in 4948 of the 50 largest markets in the United States, including all of the 20 largest markets.

Our International Outdoor Advertising business segment includes our operations in Asia, Australia and Europe, with approximately 40% of our 2008 revenue in this segment derived from France and the United Kingdom. We own or operate approximately 670,000 displays in 36 countries.

     OurAmericas outdoor assets consist of billboards, street furniture and transit displays, airport displays, mall displays, and wallscapes and other spectaculars, which we own or operate under lease management agreements. Our Americas outdoor advertising business is focused on urban marketsmetropolitan areas with dense populations.

Strategy

We seek to capitalize on our Americas outdoor network and diversified product mix to maximize revenue. In addition, by sharing best practices among our business segments, we believe we can quickly and effectively replicate our successes in other markets in which we operate. Our outdoor strategy focuses on leveraging our diversified product mix and long-standing presence in many of our existing markets, which provides us with the ability to launch new products and test new initiatives in a reliable and cost-effective manner.

Promote Outdoor Media Spending. Given the attractive industry fundamentals of outdoor media and our depth and breadth of relationships with both local and national advertisers, we believe we can drive outdoor advertising’s share of total media spending by utilizing our dedicated national sales team to highlight the value of outdoor advertising relative to other media. Outdoor advertising only represented 4% of total dollars spent on advertising in the United States in 2010. We have made and continue to make significant investments in research tools that enable our clients to better understand how our displays can successfully reach their target audiences and promote their advertising campaigns. WeAlso, we are working closely with clients, advertising agencies and other diversified media companies to develop more sophisticated systems that will provide improved demographic measurementsaudience metrics for outdoor advertising. For example, we have implemented the EYES ON audience measurement system which: (1) separately reports audiences for each of outdoor advertising.the nearly 400,000 units of inventory across the industry in the United States, (2) reports those audiences using the same demographics available and used by other media permitting reach and frequency measures, (3) provides the same audience measures across more than 200 markets, and (4) reports which advertisement is most likely to be seen. We believe that these measurement systems such as EYES ON will further enhance the attractiveness of outdoor advertising for both existing clients and new advertisers.

     We intendadvertisers and further foster outdoor media spending growth.

Continue to continue to work toward ensuring that our customers have a superior experience by leveraging our presence in each of our markets and by increasing our focus on customer satisfaction and improved measurement systems.

     Finally, we aim to capitalize on advances inDeploy Digital Displays. Digital outdoor advertising provides significant advantages over traditional outdoor media. Our electronic displays including flat screens, LCDs and LEDs, as an alternative to traditional methods of outdoor advertising. These electronic displays may beare linked through centralized computer systems to instantaneously and simultaneously change static advertisementsadvertising copy on a large number of displays, allowing us to sell more slots to advertisers. The ability to change copy by time of day and quickly change messaging based on advertisers’ needs creates additional flexibility for our customers. Although digital displays require more capital to construct compared to traditional bulletins, the advantages of digital allow us to penetrate new accounts and categories of advertisers as well as serve a broader set of needs for existing advertisers. Digital displays allow for high-frequency, 24-hour advertising changes in high-traffic locations and allow us to offer our clients optimal flexibility, distribution, circulation and visibility. We expect this trend to continue as we increase our quantity of digital inventory. As of December 31, 2011, we have deployed more than 850 digital billboards in 37 markets in the United States.

Sources of Revenue

Americas outdoor generated 21%, 22% and 22% of our revenue in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Americas outdoor revenue is derived from the sale of advertising copy placed on our digital displays and our traditional displays. Our display inventory consists primarily of billboards, street furniture displays and transit displays. The margins on our billboard contracts, including those related to digital billboards, tend to be higher than those on contracts for other displays, due to their greater size, impact and location along major roadways that are highly trafficked. Billboards comprise approximately two-thirds of our display revenues. The following table shows the approximate percentage of revenue derived from each category for our Americas outdoor inventory:

   Year Ended December 31, 
     2011       2010       2009   

Billboards:

      

Bulletins

   53%       53%       51%    

Posters

   13%       14%       14%    

Street furniture displays

   7%       6%       5%    

Transit displays

   16%       15%       17%    

Other displays(1)

   11%       12%       13%    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   100%       100%       100%    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1)Includes spectaculars, mall displays and wallscapes.

Our Americas outdoor segment generates revenues from local, regional and national sales. Our advertising rates are based on a number of different factors including location, competition, size of display, illumination, market and gross ratings points. Gross ratings points are the total number of impressions delivered, expressed as a percentage of a market population, of a display or group of displays. The number of impressions delivered by a display is measured by

the number of people passing the site during a defined period of time. For all of our billboards in the United States, we use independent, third-party auditing companies to verify the number of impressions delivered by a display. “Reach” is the percent of a target audience exposed to an advertising message at least once during a specified period of time, typically during a period of four weeks. “Frequency” is the average number of exposures an individual has to an advertising message during a specified period of time. Out-of-home frequency is typically measured over a four-week period.

While location, price and availability of displays are important competitive factors, we believe that providing quality customer service and establishing strong client relationships are also critical components of sales. In addition, we have long-standing relationships with a diversified group of advertising brands and agencies that allow us to diversify client accounts and establish continuing revenue streams.

Billboards

Our billboard inventory primarily includes bulletins and posters.

Bulletins. Bulletins vary in size, with the most common size being 14 feet high by 48 feet wide. Digital bulletins display static messages that resemble standard printed bulletins when viewed, but also allow advertisers to change messages throughout the course of a day. Our electronic displays are linked through centralized computer systems to instantaneously and simultaneously change advertising copy as needed. Because of their greater size, impact, high-frequency and 24-hour advertising changes, we typically receive our highest rates for digital bulletins. Almost all of the advertising copy displayed on traditional bulletins is computer printed on vinyl and transported to the bulletin where it is secured to the display surface. Bulletins generally are located along major expressways, primary commuting routes and main intersections that are highly visible and heavily trafficked. Our clients may contract for individual bulletins or a network of bulletins, meaning the clients’ advertisements are rotated among bulletins to increase the reach of the campaign. Our client contracts for bulletins, either traditional or digital, generally have terms ranging from four weeks to one year.

Posters. Digital posters are available in addition to the traditional 30-sheet or 8-sheet displays. Similar to digital bulletins, digital posters display static messages that resemble standard printed posters when viewed, and are linked through centralized computer systems to instantaneously and simultaneously change messages throughout the course of a day. The traditional 30-sheet posters are approximately 11 feet high by 23 feet wide, and the traditional 8-sheet posters are approximately 5 feet high by 11 feet wide. Advertising copy for traditional 30-sheet posters is digitally printed on a single piece of polyethylene material that is then transported and secured to the poster surfaces. Advertising copy for traditional 8-sheet posters is printed using silk screen, lithographic or digital process to transfer the designs onto paper that is then transported and secured to the poster surfaces. Posters generally are located in commercial areas on primary and secondary routes near point-of-purchase locations, facilitating advertising campaigns with greater demographic targeting than those displayed on bulletins. Our poster rates typically are less than our bulletin rates, and our client contracts for posters generally have terms ranging from four weeks to one year. Premiere displays, which consist of premiere panels and squares, are innovative hybrids between bulletins and posters that we developed to provide our clients with an alternative for their targeted marketing campaigns. The premiere displays utilize one or more poster panels, but with vinyl advertising stretched over the panels similar to bulletins. Our intent is to combine the creative impact of bulletins with the additional reach and frequency of posters.

Street Furniture Displays

Our street furniture displays include advertising surfaces on bus shelters, information kiosks, freestanding units and other public structures, are available in both traditional and digital formats, and are primarily located in major metropolitan areas and along major commuting routes. Generally, we own the street furniture structures and are responsible for their construction and maintenance. Contracts for the right to place our street furniture displays in the public domain and sell advertising space on them are awarded by municipal and transit authorities in competitive bidding processes governed by local law. Generally, these contracts have terms ranging from 10 to 20 years. As compensation for the right to sell advertising space on our street furniture structures, we pay the municipality or transit authority a fee or revenue share that is either a fixed amount or a percentage of the revenue derived from the street furniture displays. Typically, these revenue sharing arrangements include payments by us of minimum guaranteed amounts. Client contracts for street furniture displays typically have terms ranging from four weeks to one year, and are typically for network packages of multiple street furniture displays.

Transit Displays

Our transit displays are advertising surfaces on various types of vehicles or within transit systems, including on the interior and exterior sides of buses, trains, trams, and within the common areas of rail stations and airports, and are available in both traditional and digital formats. Similar to street furniture, contracts for the right to place our displays on such vehicles or within such transit systems and to sell advertising space on them generally are awarded by public transit authorities in competitive bidding processes or are negotiated with private transit operators. Generally, these contracts have terms ranging up to nine years. Our client contracts for transit displays generally have terms ranging from four weeks to one year.

Other Inventory

The balance of our display inventory consists of spectaculars, wallscapes and mall displays. Spectaculars are customized display structures that often incorporate video, multidimensional lettering and figures, mechanical devices and moving parts and other embellishments to create special effects. The majority of our spectaculars are located in Times Square in New York City, Dundas Square and the Gardiner Expressway in Toronto, Fashion Show Mall in Las Vegas, Miracle Mile Shops in Las Vegas and across from the Target Center in Minneapolis. Client contracts for spectaculars typically have terms of one year or longer. A wallscape is a display that drapes over or is suspended from the sides of buildings or other structures. Generally, wallscapes are located in high-profile areas where other types of outdoor advertising displays are limited or unavailable. Clients typically contract for individual wallscapes for extended terms. We also own displays located within the common areas of malls on which our clients run advertising campaigns for periods ranging from four weeks to one year.

Advertising Inventory and Markets

As of December 31, 2011, we owned or operated approximately 125,000 display structures in our Americas outdoor advertising segment with operations in 48 of the 50 largest markets in the United States, including all of the 20 largest markets. Therefore, no one property is material to our overall operations. We believe that our properties are in good condition and suitable for our operations. During 2011, we conformed our methodology for counting airport displays to be consistent with the remainder of our domestic inventory.

Our displays are located on owned land, leased land or land for which we have acquired permanent easements. The majority of the advertising structures on which our displays are mounted require permits. Permits are granted for the right to operate an advertising structure as long the structure is used in compliance with the laws and regulations of the applicable jurisdiction.

Competition

The outdoor advertising industry in the Americas is fragmented, consisting of several larger companies involved in outdoor advertising, such as CBS and Lamar Advertising Company, as well as numerous smaller and local companies operating a limited number of displays in a single market or a few local markets. We also compete with other advertising media in our respective markets, including broadcast and cable television, radio, print media, direct mail, the Internet and other forms of advertisement.

Outdoor advertising companies compete primarily based on ability to reach consumers, which is driven by location of the display.

International Outdoor Advertising

Our International outdoor business segment includes our operations in Asia, Australia and Europe, with approximately 34%, 37% and 39% of our revenue in this segment derived from France and the United Kingdom for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. As of December 31, 2011, we owned or operated more than 630,000 displays across 30 countries.

Our International outdoor assets consist of street furniture and transit displays, billboards, mall displays, Smartbike schemes, wallscapes and other spectaculars, which we own or operate under lease agreements. Our International business is focused on metropolitan areas with dense populations.

Strategy

Similar to our Americas outdoor advertising, we believe International outdoor advertising has attractive industry fundamentals including a broad audience reach and a highly cost effective media for advertisers as measured by cost per thousand persons reached compared to other traditional media. Our International business focuses on the following strategies:

Promote Overall Outdoor Media Spending.Our strategy is to promote growth in outdoor advertising’s share of total media spending by leveraging our international scale and local reach. We are focusing on developing and implementing better and improved outdoor audience delivery measurement systems to provide advertisers with tools to determine how effectively their message is reaching the desired audience.

Capitalize on Product and Geographic Opportunities. We are also focused on growing our business internationally by working closely with our advertising customers and agencies in meeting their needs, and through new product offerings, optimization of our current display portfolio and selective investments targeting promising growth markets. We have continued to innovate and introduce new products in international markets based on local demands. Our core business is our street furniture business and that is where we plan to focus much of our investment. We plan to continue to evaluate municipal contracts that may come up for bid and will make prudent investments where we believe we can receive attractive returns. We will also continue to invest in markets such as China, Turkey and Poland, where we believe there is high growth potential.

Continue to Deploy Digital Display Networks. Internationally, digital out-of-home displays are a dynamic medium which enables our customers to engage in real-time, tactical, topical and flexible advertising. We will continue our focused and dedicated digital strategy as we remain committed to the digital development of out-of-home communication solutions internationally. Through our new international digital brand, Clear Channel Play, we are able to offer networks of digital displays in multiple formats and multiple environments including bus shelters, airports, transit, malls and flagship locations. We seek to achieve greater consumer engagement and flexibility by delivering powerful, flexible and interactive campaigns that open up new possibilities for advertisers to engage with their target audiences. With digital network launches in Sweden, Belgium and the U.K. accelerating our expansion program during 2011, we had more than 2,900 digital displays in twelve countries across Europe and Asia as of December 31, 2011.

Sources of Revenue

Our International outdoor segment generated 27%, 25% and 26% of our revenue in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. International outdoor advertising revenue is derived from the sale of traditional advertising copy placed on our display inventory and electronic displays which are part of our network of digital displays. Our International outdoor display inventory consists primarily of street furniture displays, billboards, transit displays and other out-of-home advertising displays, such as neon displays. The following table shows the approximate percentage of revenue derived from each inventory category of our International outdoor segment:

   Year Ended December 31, 
     2011       2010       2009   

Street furniture displays

   43%       42%       40%    

Billboards(1)

   27%       30%       32%    

Transit displays

   9%       8%       8%    

Other(2)

   21%       20%       20%    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   100%       100%       100%    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1)Includes revenue from posters and neon displays.

(2)Includes advertising revenue from mall displays, other small displays, and non-advertising revenue from sales of street furniture equipment, cleaning and maintenance services, operation of Smartbike schemes and production revenue.

Our International outdoor segment generates revenues worldwide from local, regional and national sales. Similar to our Americas outdoor business, advertising rates generally are based on the gross ratings points of a display or group of displays. The number of impressions delivered by a display, in some countries, is weighted to account for such factors as illumination, proximity to other displays and the speed and viewing angle of approaching traffic.

While location, price and availability of displays are important competitive factors, we believe that providing quality customer service and establishing strong client relationships are also critical components of sales. Our entrepreneurial culture allows local management to operate their markets as separate profit centers, encouraging customer cultivation and service.

Street Furniture Displays

Our International street furniture displays, available in traditional and digital formats, are substantially similar to their Americas street furniture counterparts, and include bus shelters, freestanding units, various types of kiosks, benches and other public structures. Internationally, contracts with municipal and transit authorities for the right to place our street furniture in the public domain and sell advertising on such street furniture typically provide for terms ranging from 10 to 15 years. The major difference between our International and Americas street furniture businesses is in the nature of the municipal contracts. In our International outdoor business, these contracts typically require us to provide the municipality with a broader range of metropolitan amenities such as bus shelters with or without advertising panels, information kiosks and public wastebaskets, as well as space for the municipality to display maps or other public information. In exchange for providing such metropolitan amenities and display space, we are authorized to sell advertising space on certain sections of the structures we erect in the public domain. Our International street furniture is typically sold to clients as network packages of multiple street furniture displays, with contract terms ranging from one to two weeks. Client contracts are also available with terms of up to one year.

Billboards

The sizes of our International billboards are not standardized. The billboards vary in both format and size across our networks, with the majority of our International billboards being similar in size to our posters used in our Americas outdoor business (30-sheet and 8-sheet displays). Our International billboards are sold to clients as network packages with contract terms typically ranging from one to two weeks. Long-term client contracts are also available and typically have terms of up to one year. We lease the majority of our billboard sites from private landowners. Billboards include posters and our neon displays, and are available in traditional and digital formats. Defi Group SAS, our International neon subsidiary, is a global provider of neon signs with approximately 296 displays in 16 countries worldwide. Client contracts for International neon displays typically have terms of approximately five years.

Transit Displays

Our International transit display contracts are substantially similar to their Americas transit display counterparts, and typically require us to make only a minimal initial investment and few ongoing maintenance expenditures. Contracts with public transit authorities or private transit operators typically have terms ranging from three to seven years. Our client contracts for transit displays, either traditional or digital, generally have terms ranging from one week to one year, or longer.

Other International Inventory and Services

The balance of our revenue from our International outdoor segment consists primarily of advertising revenue from mall displays, other small displays and non-advertising revenue from sales of street furniture equipment, cleaning and maintenance services and production revenue. Internationally, our contracts with mall operators generally have terms ranging from five to ten years and client contracts for mall displays generally have terms ranging from one to two weeks, but are available for periods up to six months. Our International inventory includes other small displays that are counted as separate displays since they form a substantial part of our network and International outdoor advertising revenue. We also have a Smartbike bicycle rental program which provides advantagesbicycles for rent to the general public in several municipalities. In exchange for providing the bike rental program, we generally derive revenue from advertising rights to the bikes, bike stations, additional street furniture displays, or fees from the local municipalities. In several of our International markets, we sell equipment or provide cleaning and maintenance services as part of a billboard or street furniture contract with a municipality.

Advertising Inventory and Markets

As of December 31, 2011, we owned or operated more than 630,000 displays in our International outdoor segment, with operations across 30 countries. Our International outdoor display count includes display faces, which may include multiple faces on a single structure. As a result, our International outdoor display count is not comparable to our Americas outdoor display count, which includes only unique displays. No one property is material to our overall operations. We believe that our properties are in good condition and suitable for our operations.

Competition

The international outdoor advertising industry is fragmented, consisting of several larger companies involved in outdoor advertising, such as JCDecaux and CBS, as well as numerous smaller and local companies operating a limited number of displays in a single market or a few local markets. We also compete with other advertising media in our respective markets, including broadcast and cable television, radio, print media, direct mail, the Internet and other forms of advertisement.

Outdoor companies compete primarily based on ability to reach consumers, which is driven by location of the display.

Other

Our Other segment includes our 100%-owned media representation firm, Katz Media, as well as other general support services and initiatives which are ancillary to our other businesses.

Katz Media, a leading media representation firm in the U.S. for radio and television stations, sells national spot advertising time for clients in the radio and television industries throughout the United States. As of December 31, 2011, Katz Media represents approximately 3,900 radio stations, approximately one-fifth of which are owned by us, as well as approximately 950 digital properties. Katz Media also represents approximately 700 television and digital multicast stations.

Katz Media generates revenue primarily through contractual commissions realized from the sale of national spot and online advertising. National spot advertising is commercial airtime sold to advertisers on behalf of radio and television stations. Katz Media represents its media clients pursuant to media representation contracts, which typically have terms of up to ten years in length.

Employees

As of January 31, 2012, we had approximately 15,400 domestic employees and approximately 5,800 international employees, of which approximately 18,000 were in direct operations and 2,700 were in corporate related activities. Approximately 840 of our employees in the United States and approximately 265 of our employees outside the United States are subject to collective bargaining agreements in their respective countries. We are a party to numerous collective bargaining agreements, none of which represent a significant number of employees. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.

Seasonality

Required information is located within Item 7 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Regulation of our Media and Entertainment Business

General

The following is a brief summary of certain statutes, regulations, policies and proposals affecting our media and entertainment business. For example, radio broadcasting is subject to the jurisdiction of the FCC under the Communications Act. The Communications Act permits the operation of a radio broadcast station only under a license issued by the FCC upon a finding that grant of the license would serve the public interest, convenience and necessity. Among other things, the Communications Act empowers the FCC to: issue, renew, revoke and modify broadcasting licenses; assign frequency bands for broadcasting; determine stations’ frequencies, locations, power and other technical parameters; impose penalties for violation of its regulations, including monetary forfeitures and, in extreme cases, license revocation; impose annual regulatory and application processing fees; and adopt and implement regulations and policies affecting the ownership, program content, employment practices and many other aspects of the operation of broadcast stations.

This summary does not comprehensively cover all current and proposed statutes, regulations and policies affecting our media and entertainment business. Reference should be made to the Communications Act and other relevant statutes, regulations, policies and proceedings for further information concerning the nature and extent of regulation of our media and entertainment business. Finally, several of the following matters are now, or may become, the subject of court litigation, and we cannot predict the outcome of any such litigation or its impact on our media and entertainment business.

License Assignments

The Communications Act prohibits the assignment of a license or the transfer of control of an FCC licensee without prior FCC approval. Applications for license assignments or transfers involving a substantial change in ownership are subject to a 30-day period for public comment, during which petitions to deny the application may be filed and considered by the FCC.

License Renewal

The FCC grants broadcast licenses for a term of up to eight years. The FCC will renew a license for an additional eight-year term if, after consideration of the renewal application and any objections thereto, it finds that the station has served the public interest, convenience and necessity and that, with respect to the station seeking renewal, there have been no serious violations of either the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules and regulations by the licensee and no other such violations which, taken together, constitute a pattern of abuse. The FCC may grant the license renewal application with or without conditions, including renewal for a term less than eight years. The vast majority of radio licenses are renewed by the FCC for the full eight-year term. While we cannot guarantee the grant of any future renewal application, our stations’ licenses historically have been renewed for the full eight-year term.

Ownership Regulation

FCC rules and policies define the interests of individuals and entities, known as “attributable” interests, which implicate FCC rules governing ownership of broadcast stations and other specified mass media entities. Under these rules, attributable interests generally include: (1) officers and directors of a licensee or of its direct or indirect parent; (2) general partners, limited partners and limited liability company members, unless properly “insulated” from management activities; (3) a 5% or more direct or indirect voting stock interest in a corporate licensee or parent, except that, for a narrowly defined class of passive investors, the attribution threshold is a 20% or more voting stock interest; and (4) combined equity and debt interests in excess of 33% of a licensee’s total asset value, if the interest holder provides over 15% of the licensee station’s total weekly programming, or has an attributable broadcast or newspaper interest in the same market (the “EDP Rule”). An entity that owns one or more radio stations in a market and programs more than 15% of the broadcast time, or sells more than 15% per week of the advertising time, on a radio station in the same market is generally deemed to have an attributable interest in that station.

Debt instruments, non-voting corporate stock, minority voting stock interests in corporations having a single majority stockholder, and properly insulated limited partnership and limited liability company interests generally are not subject to attribution unless such interests implicate the EDP Rule. To the best of our knowledge at present, none of our officers, directors or 5% or greater shareholders holds an interest in another television station, radio station or daily newspaper that is inconsistent with the FCC’s ownership rules.

The FCC is required to conduct periodic reviews of its media ownership rules. In 2003, the FCC, among other actions, modified the radio ownership rules and adopted new cross-media ownership limits. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit initially stayed implementation of the new rules. Later, it lifted the stay as to the radio ownership rules, allowing the modified rules to go into effect. It retained the stay on the cross-media ownership limits and remanded them to the FCC for further justification (leaving in effect separate pre-existing FCC rules governing newspaper-broadcast and radio-television cross-ownership). In 2007, the FCC adopted a decision that revised the newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership rule but made no changes to the radio ownership or radio-television cross-ownership rules. In 2011, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit vacated the FCC’s revisions to the newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership rule and otherwise upheld the FCC’s decision to retain the current radio ownership and radio-television cross-ownership rules. Litigants, including Clear Channel, have sought review by the U.S. Supreme Court of the Third Circuit’s decision. The FCC began its next periodic review of its media ownership rules in 2010, and has issued a notice of proposed rulemaking. We cannot predict the outcome of the FCC’s media ownership proceedings or their effects on our business in the future.

Irrespective of the FCC’s radio ownership rules, the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) and the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) have the authority to determine that a particular transaction presents antitrust concerns. In particular, where the proposed purchaser already owns one or more radio stations in a particular market and seeks to acquire additional radio stations in that market, the DOJ has, in some cases, obtained consent decrees requiring radio station divestitures.

The current FCC ownership rules relevant to our business are summarized below.

Local Radio Ownership Rule. The maximum allowable number of radio stations that may be commonly owned in a market is based on the size of the market. In markets with 45 or more stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to eight stations, of which no more than five are in the same service (AM or FM). In markets with 30-44 stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to seven stations, of which no more than four are in the same service. In markets with 15-29 stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to six stations, of which no more than four are in the same service. In markets with 14 or fewer stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to five stations, of which no more than three are in the same service, so long as the entity does not have an interest in more than 50% of all stations in the market. To apply these ownership tiers, the FCC relies on Arbitron Metro Survey Areas, where they exist, and a signal contour-overlap methodology where they do not exist. An FCC rulemaking is pending to determine how to define radio markets for stations located outside Arbitron Metro Survey Areas.

Newspaper-Broadcast Cross-Ownership Rule. FCC rules generally prohibit an individual or entity from having an attributable interest in either a radio or television station and a daily newspaper located in the same market.

Radio-Television Cross-Ownership Rule. FCC rules permit the common ownership of one television and up to seven same-market radio stations, or up to two television and six same-market radio stations, depending on the number of independent media voices in the market and on whether the television and radio components of the combination comply with the television and radio ownership limits, respectively.

Alien Ownership Restrictions

The Communications Act restricts foreign entities or individuals from owning or voting more than 20% of the equity of a broadcast licensee directly and more than 25% indirectly (i.e., through a parent company). Since we serve as a holding company for FCC licensee subsidiaries, we are effectively restricted from having more than one-fourth of our stock owned or voted directly or indirectly by foreign entities or individuals.

Indecency Regulation

Federal law regulates the broadcast of obscene, indecent or profane material. Legislation enacted by Congress provides the FCC with authority to impose fines of up to $325,000 per utterance with a cap of $3.0 million for any violation arising from a single act. Several judicial appeals of FCC indecency enforcement actions are currently pending. In July 2010, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals issued a ruling in one of those appeals,in which it held the FCC’s indecency standards to be unconstitutionally vague under the First Amendment, and in November 2010 denied a petition for rehearing of that decision. In January 2011, the Second Circuit vacated the agency decision at issue in another appeal, relying on its July 2010 and November 2010 decisions. In January 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments in its review of the Second Circuit’s actions, setting the stage for a Supreme Court decision on indecency regulation in 2012. The outcome of this proceeding, and of other pending indecency cases, will affect future FCC policies in this area. We have received, and may receive in the future, letters of inquiry and other notifications from the FCC concerning complaints that programming aired on our stations contains indecent or profane language. FCC action on these complaints will be directly impacted by the outcome of the indecency court proceedings and subsequent FCC action in response thereto.

Equal Employment Opportunity

The FCC’s rules require broadcasters to engage in broad equal opportunity employment recruitment efforts, retain data concerning such efforts and report much of this data to the FCC and to the public via stations’ public files and websites. Broadcasters could be sanctioned for noncompliance.

Technical Rules

Numerous FCC rules govern the technical operating parameters of radio stations, including permissible operating frequency, power and antenna height and interference protections between stations. Changes to these rules could negatively affect the operation of our stations. For example, in January 2011 a law that eliminates certain minimum distance separation requirements between full-power and low-power FM radio stations was enacted, which could lead to increased interference between our stations and low-power FM stations. In March 2011 the FCC adopted policies which, in certain circumstances, could make it more difficult for radio stations to relocate to increase their population coverage.

Content, Licenses and Royalties

We must pay royalties to copyright owners of musical compositions (typically, songwriters and publishers) whenever we broadcast or stream musical compositions. Copyright owners of musical compositions most often rely on intermediaries known as performance rights organizations to negotiate so-called “blanket” licenses with copyright users, collect royalties under such licenses and distribute them to copyright owners. We have obtained public performance licenses from, and pay license fees to, the three major performance rights organizations in the United States known as the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, or ASCAP, Broadcast Music, Inc., or BMI, and SESAC, Inc., or SESAC.

To secure the rights to stream music content over the Internet, we also must obtain performance rights licenses and pay performance rights royalties to copyright owners of sound recordings (typically, performing artists and recording companies). Under Federal statutory licenses, we are permitted to stream any lawfully released sound recordings and to make reproductions of these recordings on our computer servers without having to separately negotiate and obtain direct licenses with each individual copyright owner as long as we operate in compliance with the rules of statutory licenses and pay the applicable royalty rates to SoundExchange, the non-profit organization designated by the Copyright Royalty Board to collect and distribute royalties under these statutory licenses. In addition, we have business arrangements directly with some copyright owners to receive deliveries of their sound recordings for use in our Internet operations.

The rates at which we pay royalties to copyright owners are privately negotiated or set pursuant to a regulatory process. There is no guarantee that the licenses and associated royalty rates that currently are available to us will be available to us in the future. Increased royalty rates could significantly increase our expenses, which could adversely affect our business.

Privacy

As a company conducting business on the Internet, we are subject to a number of laws and regulations relating to information security, data protection and privacy, among other things. Many of these laws and regulations are still evolving and could be interpreted in ways that could harm our business. In the area of information security and data protection, the laws in several states require companies to implement specific information security controls to protect certain types of personally identifiable information. Likewise, all but a few states have laws in place requiring companies to notify users if there is a security breach that compromises certain categories of their personally identifiable information. Any failure on our part to comply with these laws may subject us to significant liabilities. Further, any failure by us to adequately protect the privacy or security of our listeners’ information could result in a loss of confidence in us among existing and potential listeners, and ultimately, in a loss of listeners and advertising customers, which could adversely affect our business.

We collect and use certain types of information from our listeners in accordance with the privacy policies posted on our websites. We collect personally identifiable information directly from listeners when they register to use our services, fill out their listener profiles, post comments, use our social networking features, participate in polls and contests and sign up to receive email newsletters. We also may obtain information about our listeners from other listeners and third parties. Our policy is to use the collected information to customize and personalize advertising and content for listeners and to enhance the listener experience. We have implemented commercially reasonable physical and electronic security measures to protect against the loss, misuse, and alteration of personally identifiable information. However, no security measures are perfect or impenetrable, and we may be unable to anticipate or prevent unauthorized access to our listeners’ personally identifiable information. Any failure to comply with our posted privacy policies or privacy-related laws and regulations could result in proceedings against us by governmental authorities or others, which could harm our business.

Other

Congress, the FCC and other government agencies and regulatory bodies may in the future adopt new laws, regulations and policies that could affect, directly or indirectly, the operation, profitability and ownership of our broadcast stations and Internet-based audio music services. In addition to the regulations and other arrangements noted above, such matters include, for example: proposals to impose spectrum use or other fees on FCC licensees; legislation that would provide for the payment of sound recording royalties to artists and musicians whose music is played on our broadcast stations; changes to the political broadcasting rules, including the adoption of proposals to provide free air time to candidates; restrictions on the advertising of certain products, such as beer and wine; frequency allocation, spectrum reallocations and changes in technical rules; and the adoption of significant new programming and operational requirements designed to increase local community-responsive programming, and enhance public interest reporting requirements.

Regulation of our Americas and International Outdoor Advertising Businesses

The outdoor advertising industry in the United States is subject to governmental regulation at the Federal, state and local levels. These regulations may include, among others, restrictions on the construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, upgrading, height, size, spacing and location of and, in some instances, content of advertising copy being displayed on outdoor advertising structures. In addition, international regulations have a significant impact on the outdoor advertising industry. International regulation of the outdoor advertising industry can vary by municipality, region and country, but generally limits the size, placement, nature and density of out-of-home displays. Other regulations may limit the subject matter and language of out-of-home displays.

From time to time, legislation has been introduced in both the United States and foreign jurisdictions attempting to impose taxes on revenue from outdoor advertising or for the right to use outdoor advertising assets. Several jurisdictions have already imposed such taxes as a percentage of our outdoor advertising revenue in that jurisdiction. In addition, some jurisdictions have taxed our personal property and leasehold interests in advertising locations using various valuation methodologies. While these taxes have not had a material impact on our business and financial results to date, we expect U.S. and foreign jurisdictions to continue to try to impose such taxes as a way of increasing revenue. In recent years, outdoor advertising also has become the subject of targeted taxes and fees. These laws may affect prevailing competitive conditions in our markets in a variety of ways. Such laws may reduce our expansion opportunities or may increase or reduce competitive pressure from other members of the outdoor advertising industry. No assurance can be given that existing or future laws or regulations, and the enforcement thereof, will not materially and adversely affect the outdoor advertising industry. However, we contest laws and regulations that we believe unlawfully restrict our constitutional or other legal rights and may adversely impact the growth of our outdoor advertising business.

In the United States, Federal law, principally the Highway Beautification Act (“HBA”), regulates outdoor advertising on Federal-Aid Primary, Interstate and National Highway Systems roads within the United States (“controlled roads”). The HBA regulates the size and placement of billboards, requires the development of state standards, mandates a state’s compliance program, promotes the expeditious removal of illegal signs and requires just compensation for takings.

To satisfy the HBA’s requirements, all states have passed billboard control statutes and regulations that regulate, among other things, construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, height, size, spacing and the placement and permitting of outdoor advertising structures. We are not aware of any state that has passed control statutes and regulations less restrictive than the prevailing federal requirements, including the requirement that an owner remove any non-grandfathered, non-compliant signs along the controlled roads, at the owner’s expense and without compensation. Local governments generally also include billboard control as part of their zoning laws and building codes regulating those items described above and include similar provisions regarding the removal of non-grandfathered structures that do not comply with certain of the local requirements. Some local governments have initiated code enforcement and permit reviews of billboards within their jurisdiction challenging billboards located within their jurisdiction, and in some instances we have had to remove billboards as a result of such reviews.

As part of their billboard control laws, state and local governments regulate the construction of new signs. Some jurisdictions prohibit new construction, some jurisdictions allow new construction only to replace existing structures and some jurisdictions allow new construction subject to the various restrictions discussed above. In certain jurisdictions, restrictive regulations also limit our ability to relocate, rebuild, repair, maintain, upgrade, modify or replace existing legal non-conforming billboards.

U.S. Federal law neither requires nor prohibits the removal of existing lawful billboards, but it does mandate the payment of compensation if a state or political subdivision compels the removal of a lawful billboard along the controlled roads. In the past, state governments have purchased and removed existing lawful billboards for beautification purposes using Federal funding for transportation enhancement programs, and these jurisdictions may continue to do so in the future. From time to time, state and local government authorities use the power of eminent domain and amortization to remove billboards. Thus far, we have been able to obtain satisfactory compensation for our billboards purchased or removed as a result of these types of governmental action, although there is no assurance that this will continue to be the case in the future.

We have introduced and intend to expand the deployment of digital billboards that display static digital advertising copy from various advertisers that change up to several times per minute. We have encountered some existing regulations in the U.S. and across some international jurisdictions that restrict or prohibit these types of digital displays. However, since digital technology for changing static copy has only recently been developed and introduced into the market on a large scale, and is in the process of being introduced more broadly in our international markets, existing regulations that currently do not apply to digital technology by their terms could be revised to impose greater restrictions. These regulations may impose greater restrictions on digital billboards due to alleged concerns over aesthetics or driver safety.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Risks Related to Our Business

Our results have been in the past, and could be in the future, adversely affected by economic uncertainty or deteriorations in economic conditions

Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting economic conditions and budgeting and buying patterns. Periods of a slowing economy or recession, or periods of economic uncertainty, may be accompanied by a decrease in advertising. The global economic downturn that began in 2008 resulted in a decline in advertising and marketing by our customers, which resulted in a decline in advertising revenues across our businesses. This reduction in advertising revenues had an adverse effect on our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity. Although we believe that global economic conditions are improving, economic conditions remain uncertain. If economic conditions do not continue to improve, economic uncertainty increases or economic conditions deteriorate again, global economic conditions may once again adversely impact our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity. Furthermore, because a significant portion of our revenue is derived from local advertisers, our ability to generate revenues in specific markets is directly affected by local and regional conditions, and unfavorable regional economic conditions also may adversely impact our results. In addition, even in the absence of a downturn in general economic conditions, an individual business sector or market may experience a downturn, causing it to reduce its advertising expenditures, which also may adversely impact our results.

We performed impairment tests on our goodwill and other intangible assets during the fourth quarter of 2011 and 2010 and recorded non-cash impairment charges of $7.6 million and $15.4 million, respectively. Additionally, we performed impairment tests in 2008 and 2009 on our indefinite-lived assets and goodwill and, as a result of the global economic downturn and the corresponding reduction in our revenues, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $5.3 billion and $4.1 billion, respectively. Although we believe we have made reasonable estimates and used appropriate assumptions to calculate the fair value of our licenses, billboard permits and reporting units, it is possible a material change could occur. If actual market conditions and operational performance for the respective reporting units underlying the intangible assets were to deteriorate, or if facts and circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the estimated fair value of the indefinite-lived assets or goodwill for these reporting units below their adjusted carrying amounts, we may also be required to recognize additional impairment charges in future periods, which could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

To service our debt obligations and to fund capital expenditures, we will require a significant amount of cash to meet our needs, which depends on many factors beyond our control

Our ability to service our debt obligations and to fund capital expenditures will require a significant amount of cash. Our primary source of liquidity is cash flow from operations. Based on our current and anticipated levels of operations and conditions in our markets, we believe that cash on hand as well as cash flow from operations will enable us to meet our working capital, capital expenditure, debt service and other funding requirements for at least the next twelve months. However, our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt service and other obligations and to comply with the financial covenant under Clear Channel’s financing agreements depends on our future operating performance and cash flow, which are in turn subject to prevailing economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If our future operating performance does not meet our expectation or our plans materially change in an adverse manner or prove to be materially inaccurate, we may need additional financing. In addition, the purchase price of possible acquisitions, capital expenditures for deployment of digital billboards and/or other strategic initiatives could require additional indebtedness or equity financing on our part. Adverse securities and credit market conditions, such as those experienced during 2008 and 2009, could significantly affect the availability of equity or credit financing. Consequently, there can be no assurance that such financing, if permitted under the terms of Clear Channel’s financing agreements, will be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. The inability to obtain additional financing in such circumstances could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and on our ability to meet Clear Channel’s obligations or pursue strategic initiatives. Additional indebtedness could increase our leverage and make us more vulnerable to economic downturns and may limit our ability to withstand competitive pressures.

Downgrades in our credit ratings may adversely affect our borrowing costs, limit our financing options, reduce our flexibility under future financings and adversely affect our liquidity, and also may adversely impact our business operations

Our and Clear Channel’s corporate credit ratings by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and Moody’s Investors Service are speculative-grade and have been downgraded and upgraded at various times during the past several years. Any reductions in our credit ratings could increase our borrowing costs, reduce the availability of financing to us or increase the cost of doing business or otherwise negatively impact our business operations.

Our financial performance may be adversely affected by many factors beyond our control

Certain factors that could adversely affect our financial performance by, among other things, leading to decreases in overall revenues, the numbers of advertising customers, advertising fees, or profit margins include:

unfavorable economic conditions, which may cause companies to reduce their expenditures on advertising;

an increased level of competition for advertising dollars, which may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or which may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match;

unfavorable fluctuations in operating costs, which we may be unwilling or unable to pass through to our customers;

technological changes and innovations that we are unable to successfully adopt or are late in adopting that offer more attractive advertising or listening alternatives than what we offer, which may lead to a loss of advertising customers or to lower advertising rates;

the impact of potential new royalties charged for terrestrial radio broadcasting, which could materially increase our expenses;

other changes in governmental regulations and policies and actions of regulatory bodies, which could increase our taxes or other costs, restrict the advertising media that we employ or restrict some or all of our customers that operate in regulated areas from using certain advertising media or from advertising at all;

unfavorable shifts in population and other demographics, which may cause us to lose advertising customers as people migrate to markets where we have a smaller presence or which may cause advertisers to be willing to pay less in advertising fees if the general population shifts into a less desirable age or geographical demographic from an advertising perspective; and

unfavorable changes in labor conditions, which may impair our ability to operate or require us to spend more to retain and attract key employees.

We face intense competition in our media and entertainment and our outdoor advertising businesses

We operate in a highly competitive industry, and we may not be able to maintain or increase our current audience ratings and advertising and sales revenues. Our media and entertainment and our outdoor advertising businesses compete for audiences and advertising revenues with other media and entertainment businesses and outdoor advertising businesses, as well as with other media, such as newspapers, magazines, television, direct mail, iPods, smart mobile phones, satellite radio and Internet-based media, within their respective markets. Audience ratings and market shares are subject to change, messagingwhich could have the effect of reducing our revenues in that market. Our competitors may develop services or advertising media that are equal or superior to those we provide or that achieve greater market acceptance and brand recognition than we achieve. It also is possible that new competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share in any of our business segments. An increased level of competition for advertising dollars may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match.

New technologies may increase competition with our broadcasting operations

Our terrestrial radio broadcasting operations face increasing competition from new technologies, such as broadband wireless, satellite radio, audio broadcasting by cable television systems and Internet-based audio music services, as well as new consumer products, such as portable digital audio players, smart mobile phones and other mobile applications. These new technologies and alternative media platforms, including the new technologies and media platforms used by us, compete with our radio stations for audience share and advertising revenues. We are unable to predict the effect that such technologies and related services and products will have on our broadcasting operations, but the capital expenditures necessary to implement these or other new technologies could be substantial. We cannot assure you that we will continue to have the resources to acquire new technologies or to introduce new services to compete with other new technologies or services, or that our investments in new technologies or services will provide the desired returns. Other companies employing such new technologies or services could more successfully implement such new technologies or services or otherwise increase competition with our businesses.

Our business is dependent upon the performance of on-air talent and program hosts

We employ or independently contract with many on-air personalities and hosts of syndicated radio programs with significant loyal audiences in their respective markets. Although we have entered into long-term agreements with some of our key on-air talent and program hosts to protect our interests in those relationships, we can give no assurance that all or any of these persons will remain with us or will retain their audiences. Competition for these individuals is intense and many of these individuals are under no legal obligation to remain with us. Our competitors may choose to extend offers to any of these individuals on terms which we may be unwilling to meet. Furthermore, the popularity and audience loyalty of our key on-air talent and program hosts is highly sensitive to rapidly changing public tastes. A loss of such popularity or audience loyalty is beyond our control and could have a material adverse effect on our ability to attract local and/or national advertisers and on our revenue and/or ratings, and could result in increased expenses.

Our business is dependent on our management team and other key individuals

Our business is dependent upon the performance of our management team and other key individuals. A number of key individuals have joined us over the coursepast two years, including Robert W. Pittman, who became our Chief Executive Officer on October 2, 2011. Although we have entered into agreements with some members of our management team and certain other key individuals, we can give no assurance that all or any of our management team and other key individuals will remain with us. Competition for these individuals is intense and many of our key employees are at-will employees who are under no legal obligation to remain with us, and may decide to leave for a variety of personal or other reasons beyond our control. If members of our management or key individuals decide to leave us in the future, or if we are not successful in attracting, motivating and retaining other key employees, our business could be adversely affected.

Extensive current government regulation, and future regulation, may limit our radio broadcasting and other media and entertainment operations or adversely affect our business and financial results

Congress and several federal agencies, including the FCC, extensively regulate the domestic radio industry. For example, the FCC could impact our profitability by imposing large fines on us if, in response to pending complaints, it finds that we broadcast indecent programming. Additionally, we cannot be sure that the FCC will approve renewal of the licenses we must have in order to operate our stations. Nor can we be assured that our licenses will be renewed without conditions and for a full term. The non-renewal, or conditioned renewal, of a day,substantial number of our FCC licenses, could have a materially adverse impact on our operations. Furthermore, possible changes in interference protections, spectrum allocations and other technical rules may negatively affect the operation of our stations. For example, in January 2011 a law that eliminates certain minimum distance separation requirements between full-power and low-power FM radio stations was enacted, which could lead to increased interference between our stations and low-power FM stations. In March 2011 the FCC adopted policies which, in certain circumstances, could make it more difficult for radio stations to relocate to increase their population coverage. In addition, Congress, the FCC and other regulatory agencies have considered, and may in the future consider and adopt, new laws, regulations and policies that could, directly or indirectly, have an adverse effect on our business operations and financial performance. In particular, Congress is considering legislation that would impose an obligation upon all U.S. broadcasters to pay performing artists a royalty for use of their sound recordings (this would be in addition to payments already made by broadcasters to owners of musical work rights, such as songwriters, composers and publishers). We cannot predict whether this or other legislation affecting our media and entertainment business will be adopted. Such legislation could have a material impact on our operations and financial results. Finally, various regulatory matters relating to our media and entertainment business are now, or may become, the subject of court litigation, and we cannot predict the outcome of any such litigation or its impact on our business.

Government regulation of outdoor advertising may restrict our outdoor advertising operations

U.S. Federal, state and local regulations have a significant impact on the outdoor advertising industry and our business. One of the seminal laws is the HBA, which regulates outdoor advertising on Federal-Aid Primary, Interstate and National Highway Systems’ roads in the United States. The HBA regulates the size and location of billboards, mandates a state compliance program, requires the development of state standards, promotes the expeditious removal of illegal signs and requires just compensation for takings. Construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, upgrading, height, size, spacing, the location and permitting of billboards and the use of new technologies for changing displays, such as digital displays, are regulated by federal, state and local governments. From time to time, states and municipalities have prohibited or significantly limited the construction of new outdoor advertising structures. Changes in laws and

regulations affecting outdoor advertising at any level of government, including laws of the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate, could have a significant financial impact on us by requiring us to make significant expenditures or otherwise limiting or restricting some of our operations. Due to such regulations, it has become increasingly difficult to develop new outdoor advertising locations.

From time to time, certain state and local governments and third parties have attempted to force the removal of our displays under various state and local laws, including zoning ordinances, permit enforcement, condemnation and amortization. Amortization is the attempted forced removal of legal non-conforming billboards (billboards which conformed with applicable laws and regulations when built, but which do not conform to current laws and regulations) or the commercial advertising placed on such billboards after a period of years. Pursuant to this concept, the governmental body asserts that just compensation is earned by continued operation of the billboard over time. Amortization is prohibited along all controlled roads and generally prohibited along non-controlled roads. Amortization has, however, been upheld along non-controlled roads in limited instances where provided by state and local law. Other regulations limit our ability to rebuild, replace, repair, maintain and upgrade non-conforming displays. In addition, from time to time third parties or local governments assert that we own or operate displays that either are not properly permitted or otherwise are not in strict compliance with applicable law. For example, court rulings have upheld regulations in the City of New York that have impacted our displays in certain areas within the city. Such regulations and allegations have not had a material impact on our results of operations to date, but if we are increasingly unable to resolve such allegations or obtain acceptable arrangements in circumstances in which our displays are subject to removal, modification or amortization, or if there occurs an increase in such regulations or their enforcement, our operating results could suffer.

A number of state and local governments have implemented or initiated taxes, fees and registration requirements in an effort to decrease or restrict the number of outdoor signs and/or to raise revenue. From time to time, legislation also has been introduced in foreign jurisdictions attempting to impose taxes on revenue from outdoor advertising or for the right to use outdoor advertising assets. In addition, a number of jurisdictions, including the City of Los Angeles, have implemented legislation or interpreted existing legislation to restrict or prohibit the installation of new digital billboards. While these measures have not had a material impact on our business and financial results to date, we expect these efforts to continue. The increased imposition of these measures, and our inability to overcome any such measures, could reduce our operating income if those outcomes require removal or restrictions on the use of preexisting displays. In addition, if we are unable to pass on the cost of these items to our clients, our operating income could be adversely affected.

International regulation of the outdoor advertising industry can vary by municipality, region and country, but generally limits the size, placement, nature and density of out-of-home displays. Other regulations limit the subject matter and language of out-of-home displays. Our failure to comply with these or any future international regulations could have an adverse impact on the effectiveness of our displays or their attractiveness to clients as an advertising medium and may require us to make significant expenditures to ensure compliance. As a result, we may experience a significant impact on our operations, revenue, international client base and overall financial condition.

Additional restrictions on outdoor advertising of tobacco, alcohol and other products may further restrict the categories of clients that can advertise using our products

Out-of-court settlements between the major U.S. tobacco companies and all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and four other U.S. territories include a ban on the outdoor advertising of tobacco products. Other products and services may be targeted in the U.S. in the future, including alcohol products. Most European Union countries, among other nations, also have banned outdoor advertisements for tobacco products and legislation regulating alcohol advertising has been introduced in a number of European countries in which we conduct business and could have a similar impact. Any significant reduction in alcohol-related advertising or advertising of other products due to content-related restrictions could cause a reduction in our direct revenues from such advertisements and an increase in the available space on the existing inventory of billboards in the outdoor advertising industry.

Environmental, health, safety and land use laws and regulations may limit or restrict some of our operations

As the owner or operator of various real properties and facilities, especially in our outdoor advertising operations, we must comply with various foreign, federal, state and local environmental, health, safety and land use laws and regulations. We and our properties are subject to such laws and regulations relating to the use, storage, disposal, emission and release of hazardous and non-hazardous substances and employee health and safety as well as zoning restrictions. Historically, we have not incurred significant expenditures to comply with these laws. However, additional laws which may be passed in the future, or a finding of a violation of or liability under existing laws, could require us to make significant expenditures and otherwise limit or restrict some of our operations.

Doing business in foreign countries exposes us to certain risks not found when doing business in the United States

Doing business in foreign countries carries with it certain risks that are not found when doing business in the United States. These risks could result in losses against which we are not insured. Examples of these risks include:

potential adverse changes in the diplomatic relations of foreign countries with the United States;

hostility from local populations;

the adverse effect of foreign exchange controls;

government policies against businesses owned by foreigners;

investment restrictions or requirements;

expropriations of property without adequate compensation;

the potential instability of foreign governments;

the risk of insurrections;

risks of renegotiation or modification of existing agreements with governmental authorities;

difficulties collecting receivables and otherwise enforcing contracts with governmental agencies and others in some foreign legal systems;

withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries;

changes in tax structure and level; and

changes in laws or regulations or the interpretation or application of laws or regulations.

In addition, because we own assets in foreign countries and derive revenues from our International operations, we may incur currency translation losses due to changes in the values of foreign currencies and in the value of the U.S. dollar. We cannot predict the effect of exchange rate fluctuations upon future operating results.

Our International operations involve contracts with, and regulation by, foreign governments. We operate in many parts of the world that experience corruption to some degree. Although we have policies and procedures in place that are designed to promote legal and regulatory compliance (including with respect to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the United Kingdom Bribery Act 2010), our employees, subcontractors and agents could take actions that violate applicable anticorruption laws or regulations. Violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.

The success of our street furniture and transit products is dependent on our obtaining key municipal concessions, which we may not be able to obtain on favorable terms

Our street furniture and transit products businesses require us to obtain and renew contracts with municipalities and other governmental entities. Many of these contracts, which require us to participate in competitive bidding processes at each renewal, typically have terms ranging from three to 20 years and have revenue share and/or fixed payment components. Our inability to successfully negotiate, renew or complete these contracts due to governmental demands and delay and the highly competitive bidding processes for these contracts could affect our ability to offer these products to our clients, or to offer them to our clients at rates that are competitive to other forms of advertising, without adversely affecting our financial results.

Future acquisitions and other strategic transactions could pose risks

We frequently evaluate strategic opportunities both within and outside our existing lines of business. We expect from time to time to pursue additional acquisitions and may decide to dispose of certain businesses. These acquisitions or dispositions could be material. Our acquisition strategy involves numerous risks, including:

our acquisitions may prove unprofitable and fail to generate anticipated cash flows;

to successfully manage our large portfolio of media and entertainment, outdoor advertising and other businesses, we may need to:

recruit additional senior management as we cannot be assured that senior management of acquired businesses will continue to work for us and we cannot be certain that any of our recruiting efforts will succeed, and

expand corporate infrastructure to facilitate the integration of our operations with those of acquired businesses, because failure to do so may cause us to lose the benefits of any expansion that we decide to undertake by leading to disruptions in our ongoing businesses or by distracting our management;

we may enter into markets and geographic areas where we have limited or no experience;

we may encounter difficulties in the integration of operations and systems; and

our management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns.

Additional acquisitions by us of media and entertainment businesses and outdoor advertising businesses may require antitrust review by federal antitrust agencies and may require review by foreign antitrust agencies under the antitrust laws of foreign jurisdictions. We can give no assurances that the DOJ, the FTC or foreign antitrust agencies will not seek to bar us from acquiring additional media and entertainment businesses or outdoor advertising businesses in any market where we already have a significant position. The DOJ actively reviews proposed acquisitions of media and entertainment businesses and outdoor advertising businesses. In addition, the antitrust laws of foreign jurisdictions will apply if we acquire international outdoor or media and entertainment businesses. Further, radio acquisitions by us are subject to FCC approval. Such acquisitions must comply with the Communications Act and FCC regulatory requirements and policies, including with respect to the number of broadcast facilities in which a person or entity may have an ownership or attributable interest, in a given local market, and the level of interest that may be held by a foreign individual or entity. The FCC’s media ownership rules remain subject to ongoing agency and court proceedings. Future changes could restrict our ability to acquire new radio assets or businesses.

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock

The market price and trading volume of our Class A common stock may be volatile

The market price of our Class A common stock could fluctuate significantly for many reasons, including, without limitation:

as a result of the risk factors listed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K;

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;

reasons unrelated to operating performance, such as reports by industry analysts, investor perceptions, or negative announcements by our customers or competitors regarding their own performance;

regulatory changes that could impact our business; and

general economic and industry conditions.

Shares of our Class A common stock are quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board. The lack of an active market may impair the ability of holders of our Class A common stock to sell their shares of Class A common stock at the time they wish to sell them or at a price that they consider reasonable. The lack of an active market may also reduce the fair market value of the shares of our Class A common stock.

There is no assurance that holders of our Class A common stock will ever receive cash dividends

We have never paid cash dividends on our Class A common stock, and there is no guarantee that we will ever pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock in the future. The terms of our credit facilities and other debt restrict our ability to pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock. In addition to those restrictions, under Delaware law, we are permitted to pay cash dividends on our capital stock only out of our surplus, which in general terms means the excess of our net assets over the original aggregate par value of our stock. In the event we have no surplus, we are permitted to pay these cash dividends out of our net profits for the year in which the dividend is declared or in the immediately preceding year. Accordingly, there is no guarantee that, if we wish to pay cash dividends, we would be able to do so pursuant to Delaware law. Also, even if we are not prohibited from paying cash dividends by the terms of our debt or by law, other factors such as the need to reinvest cash back into our operations may prompt our Board of Directors to elect not to pay cash dividends.

Significant equity investors control us and may have conflicts of interest with us in the future

Private equity funds sponsored by or co-investors with Bain Capital and THL currently indirectly control us through their ownership of all of our outstanding shares of Class B common stock and Class C common stock, which collectively represent approximately 72% of the voting power of all of our outstanding capital stock. As a result, Bain Capital and THL have the power to elect all but two of our directors (and, in addition, the Company has agreed that each of Mark P. Mays and Randall T. Mays shall serve as directors of the Company pursuant to the terms of their respective amended and restated employment agreements), appoint new management and approve any action requiring the approval of the holders of our capital stock, including adopting any amendments to our third amended and restated certificate of incorporation, and approving mergers or sales of substantially all of our capital stock or assets. The directors elected by Bain Capital and THL will have significant authority to make decisions affecting us, including the issuance of additional capital stock, change in control transactions, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the implementation of stock repurchase programs and the decision of whether or not to declare dividends.

In addition, Bain Capital and THL are lenders under Clear Channel’s term loan credit facilities. It is possible that their interests in some circumstances may conflict with our interests and the interests of other stockholders.

Additionally, Bain Capital and THL are in the business of making investments in companies and may acquire and hold interests in businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us. One or more of the entities advised by or affiliated with Bain Capital and/or THL may also pursue acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business and, as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. So long as entities advised by or affiliated with Bain Capital and THL directly or indirectly own a significant amount of the voting power of our capital stock, even if such amount is less than 50%, Bain Capital and THL will continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively control our decisions.

We may terminate our Exchange Act reporting, if permitted by applicable law

If at any time our Class A common stock is held by fewer than 300 holders of record, we will be permitted to cease to be a reporting company under the Exchange Act to the extent we are not otherwise required to continue to report pursuant to any contractual agreements, including with respect to any of our indebtedness. If we were to cease filing reports under the Exchange Act, the information now available to our stockholders in the annual, quarterly and other reports we currently file with the SEC would not be available to them as a matter of right.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

Our subsidiary, Clear Channel, may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of its indebtedness and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy its obligations under its indebtedness, which may not be successful

We have a substantial amount of indebtedness. At December 31, 2011, we had $20.2 billion of total indebtedness outstanding, including: (1) $11.5 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding under Clear Channel’s term loan credit facilities and delayed draw credit facilities, which obligations mature at various dates from 2014 through 2016; (2) $1.3 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding under Clear Channel’s revolving credit facility, which will be available through July 2014, at which time all outstanding principal amounts under the revolving credit facility will be due and payable; (3) $1.7 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding of Clear Channel’s priority guarantee notes, net of $44.6 million of unamortized discounts, which mature March 2021; (4) $31.0 million aggregate principal amount of other secured debt; (5) $796.3 million and $829.8 million outstanding of Clear Channel’s senior cash pay notes and senior toggles notes, respectively, which mature August 2016; (6) $1.5 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding of Clear Channel’s senior notes, net of unamortized purchase accounting discounts of $469.8 million, which mature at various dates from 2012 through 2027; (7) $2.5 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding of subsidiary senior notes; and (8) other long-term obligations of $19.9 million. This large amount of indebtedness could have negative consequences for us, including, without limitation:

requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow to the payment of principal and interest on indebtedness, thereby reducing cash available for other purposes, including to fund operations and capital expenditures, invest in new technology and pursue other business opportunities;

limiting our liquidity and operational flexibility and limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes;

limiting our ability to adjust to changing economic, business and competitive conditions;

requiring us to defer planned capital expenditures, reduce discretionary spending, sell assets, restructure existing indebtedness or defer acquisitions or other strategic opportunities;

limiting our ability to refinance any of the indebtedness or increasing the cost of any such financing in any downturn in our operating performance or decline in general economic conditions;

making us more vulnerable to an increase in interest rates, a downturn in our operating performance or a decline in general economic or industry conditions; and

making us more susceptible to changes in credit ratings, which could impact our ability to obtain financing in the future and increase the cost of such financing.

If compliance with Clear Channel’s debt obligations materially hinders our ability to operate our business and adapt to changing industry conditions, we may lose market share, our revenue may decline and our operating results may suffer. The terms of Clear Channel’s credit facilities and other indebtedness allow us, under certain conditions, to incur further indebtedness, including secured indebtedness, which heightens the foregoing risks.

Clear Channel’s ability to make scheduled payments on its debt obligations depends on its financial condition and operating performance, which is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business and other factors beyond its or our control. In addition, because Clear Channel derives a substantial portion of its operating income from its subsidiaries, Clear Channel’s ability to repay its debt depends upon the performance of its subsidiaries and their ability to dividend or distribute funds to Clear Channel. Clear Channel may not be able to maintain a level of cash flows sufficient to permit it to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on its indebtedness.

For the year ended December 31, 2011, Clear Channel’s earnings were not sufficient to cover fixed charges by $402.4 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2010, Clear Channel’s earnings were not sufficient to cover fixed charges by $617.5 million.

If Clear Channel’s cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund its debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets or operations, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance the indebtedness. We may not be able to take any of these actions, and these actions may not be successful or permit Clear Channel to meet the scheduled debt service obligations. Furthermore, these actions may not be permitted under the terms of existing or future debt agreements.

The ability to restructure or refinance Clear Channel’s debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of the debt could be at higher interest rates and increase Clear Channel’s debt service obligations and may require us and Clear Channel to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. The terms of existing or future debt instruments may restrict us from adopting some of these alternatives. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us or Clear Channel to meet scheduled debt service obligations. If we or Clear Channel cannot make scheduled payments on indebtedness, it will be in default under one or more of the debt agreements and, as a result we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation.

The documents governing Clear Channel’s indebtedness contain restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business

Clear Channel’s material financing agreements, including its credit agreements and indentures, contain various covenants restricting, among other things, our ability to:

make acquisitions or investments;

make loans or otherwise extend credit to others;

incur indebtedness or issue shares or guarantees;

create liens;

sell, lease, transfer or dispose of assets;

merge or consolidate with other companies; and

make a substantial change to the general nature of our business.

In addition, under Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities, Clear Channel is required to comply with certain affirmative covenants and certain specified financial covenants and ratios. For instance, Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities require it to comply on a quarterly basis with a financial covenant limiting the ratio of its consolidated secured debt, net of cash and cash equivalents, to its consolidated EBITDA (as defined under the terms of the senior secured credit facilities) for the preceding four quarters.

The restrictions contained in Clear Channel’s credit agreements and indentures could affect our ability to operate our business and may limit our ability to react to market conditions or take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise. For example, such restrictions could adversely affect our ability to finance our operations, make strategic acquisitions, investments or alliances, restructure our organization or finance our capital needs. Additionally, the ability to quickly change messagingcomply with these covenants and restrictions may be affected by events beyond Clear Channel’s or our control. These include prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. If any of these covenants or restrictions are breached, Clear Channel could be in default under the agreements governing its indebtedness, and as a result we would be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation.

Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. Except for the historical information, this report contains various forward-looking statements which represent our expectations or beliefs concerning future events, including, without limitation, our future operating and financial performance, our ability to comply with the covenants in the agreements governing our

indebtedness and the availability of capital and the terms thereof. Statements expressing expectations and projections with respect to future matters are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We caution that these forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties and are subject to many variables which could impact our future performance. These statements are made on the basis of management’s views and assumptions, as of the time the statements are made, regarding future events and performance. There can be no assurance, however, that management’s expectations will necessarily come to pass. We do not intend, nor do we undertake any duty, to update any forward-looking statements.

A wide range of factors could materially affect future developments and performance, including:

the impact of our substantial indebtedness, including the effect of our leverage on our financial position and earnings;

the need to allocate significant amounts of our cash flow to make payments on our indebtedness, which in turn could reduce our financial flexibility and ability to enhance targetingfund other activities;

risks associated with a global economic downturn and its impact on capital markets;

other general economic and political conditions in the United States and in other countries in which we currently do business, including those resulting from recessions, political events and acts or threats of terrorism or military conflicts;

industry conditions, including competition;

the level of expenditures on advertising;

legislative or regulatory requirements;

fluctuations in operating costs;

technological changes and innovations;

changes in labor conditions, including on-air talent, program hosts and management;

capital expenditure requirements;

risks of doing business in foreign countries;

fluctuations in exchange rates and currency values;

the outcome of pending and future litigation;

changes in interest rates;

taxes and tax disputes;

shifts in population and other demographics;

access to capital markets and borrowed indebtedness;

our ability to implement our business strategies;

the risk that we may not be able to integrate the operations of acquired businesses successfully;

the risk that our cost savings initiatives may not be entirely successful or that any cost savings achieved from those initiatives may not persist; and

certain other factors set forth in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

This list of factors that may affect future performance and the accuracy of forward-looking statements is illustrative and is not intended to be exhaustive. Accordingly, all forward-looking statements should be evaluated with the understanding of their inherent uncertainty.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Corporate

Our corporate headquarters and executive offices are located in San Antonio, Texas, where we own an approximately 55,000 square foot executive office building and an approximately 123,000 square foot data and administrative service center. In addition, certain of our executive and other operations are located in New York, New York.

CCME

Our CCME executive operations are located in our corporate headquarters in San Antonio, Texas and in New York, New York. The types of properties required to support each of our radio stations include offices, studios, transmitter sites and antenna sites. We either own or lease our transmitter and antenna sites. These leases generally have expiration dates that range from five to 15 years. A radio station’s studios are generally housed with its offices in downtown or business districts. A radio station’s transmitter sites and antenna sites are generally located in a manner that provides maximum market coverage.

Americas Outdoor and International Outdoor Advertising

The headquarters of our Americas outdoor operations is in Phoenix, Arizona, and the headquarters of our International outdoor operations is in London, England. The types of properties required to support each of our outdoor advertising branches include offices, production facilities and structure sites. An outdoor branch and production facility is generally located in an industrial or warehouse district.

With respect to each of the Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments, we primarily lease our outdoor display sites and own or have acquired permanent easements for relatively few parcels of real property that serve as the sites for our outdoor displays. Our leases generally range from month-to-month to year-to-year and can be for terms of 10 years or longer, and many provide for renewal options.

There is no significant concentration of displays under any one lease or subject to negotiation with any one landlord. We believe that an important part of our management activity is to negotiate suitable lease renewals and extensions.

Consolidated

The studios and offices of our radio stations and outdoor advertising branches are located in leased or owned facilities. These leases generally have expiration dates that range from one to 40 years. We do not anticipate any difficulties in renewing those leases that expire within the next several years or in leasing other space, if required. We own substantially all of the equipment used in our CCME and outdoor advertising businesses. For additional information regarding our CCME and outdoor properties, see “Item 1. Business.”

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We currently are involved in certain legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business and, as required, have accrued an estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of those claims for which the occurrence of loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These estimates have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by reachingchanges in our assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies related to these proceedings. Additionally, due to the inherent uncertainty of litigation, there can be no assurance that the resolution of any particular claim or proceeding would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Certain of our subsidiaries are co-defendants with Live Nation (which was spun off as an independent company in December 2005) in 22 putative class actions filed by different demographicsnamed plaintiffs in various district courts throughout the country beginning in May 2006. These actions generally allege that the defendants monopolized or attempted to monopolize the market for “live rock concerts” in violation of Section 2 of the Sherman Act. Plaintiffs claim that they paid higher ticket prices for defendants’ “rock concerts” as a result of defendants’ conduct. They seek damages in an undetermined amount. On April 17, 2006, the Judicial Panel for Multidistrict Litigation centralized these class action proceedings in the Central District of California. The district court has certified classes in five “template” cases involving five regional markets: Los Angeles, Boston, New York City, Chicago and Denver. Discovery has closed, and dispositive motions have been filed.

In the Master Separation and Distribution Agreement between one of our subsidiaries and Live Nation that was entered into in connection with the spin-off of Live Nation in December 2005, Live Nation agreed, among other things, to assume responsibility for legal actions existing at different timesthe time of, day. Digital outdoor displays provideor initiated after, the spin-off in which we are a defendant if such actions relate in any material respect to the business of Live Nation. Pursuant to the Agreement, Live Nation also agreed to indemnify us with advantages,respect to all liabilities assumed by Live Nation, including those pertaining to the claims discussed above.

On or about July 12, 2006 and April 12, 2007, two of our operating businesses (L&C Outdoor Ltda. (“L&C”) and Publicidad Klimes São Paulo Ltda. (“Klimes”), respectively) in the São Paulo, Brazil market received notices of infraction from the state taxing authority, seeking to impose a value added tax (“VAT”) on such businesses, retroactively for the period from December 31, 2001 through January 31, 2006. The taxing authority contends that these businesses fall within the definition of “communication services” and as theysuch are operationally efficientsubject to the VAT.

L&C and eliminate safety issuesKlimes have filed separate petitions to challenge the imposition of this tax. L&C’s challenge in the administrative courts was unsuccessful at the first level, but successful at the second administrative level. The state taxing authority filed an appeal to the third and final administrative level, which required consideration by a full panel of 16 administrative law judges. On September 27, 2010, L&C received an unfavorable ruling at this final administrative level, which concluded that the VAT applied. On December 15, 2011, a Special Chamber of the administrative court considered the reasonableness of the amount of the penalty assessed against L&C and significantly reduced the penalty. With the reduction, the amounts allegedly owed by L&C are approximately $8.6 million in taxes, approximately $4.3 million in penalties and approximately $18.4 million in interest (as of December 31, 2011 at an exchange rate of 0.534). On January 27, 2012, L&C filed a writ of mandamus in the 8th lower public treasury court in São Paulo, State of São Paulo, appealing the administrative court’s decision that the VAT applies. On that same day, L&C filed a motion for an injunction barring the taxing authority from manualcollecting the tax, penalty and interest while the appeal is pending. The court denied the motion on January 30, 2012. L&C filed a motion for reconsideration, and in early February 2012, the court granted that motion and issued an injunction.

Klimes’ challenge was unsuccessful at the first level of the administrative courts, and denied at the second administrative level on or about September 24, 2009. On January 5, 2011, the administrative law judges at the third administrative level published a ruling that the VAT applies but significantly reduced the penalty assessed by the taxing authority. With the penalty reduction, the amounts allegedly owed by Klimes are approximately $9.7 million in taxes, approximately $4.8 million in penalties and approximately $20.1 million in interest (as of December 31, 2011 at an exchange rate of 0.534). In late February 2011, Klimes filed a writ of mandamus in the 13th lower public treasury court in São Paulo, State of São Paulo, appealing the administrative court’s decision that the VAT applies. On that same day, Klimes filed a motion for an injunction barring the taxing authority from collecting the tax, penalty and interest while the appeal is pending. The court denied the motion in early April 2011. Klimes filed a motion for reconsideration with the court and also appealed that ruling to the São Paulo State Higher Court, which affirmed in late April 2011. On June 20, 2011, the 13th lower public treasury court in São Paulo reconsidered its prior ruling and granted Klimes an injunction suspending any collection effort by the taxing authority until a decision on the merits is obtained at the first judicial level.

On August 8, 2011, Brazil’s National Council of Fiscal Policy (CONFAZ) published a rule authorizing a general amnesty to sixteen states, including the State of São Paulo, to reduce the principal amount of VAT allegedly owed for communications services and reduce or waive related interest and penalties. The State of São Paulo ratified the amnesty in late August 2011. However, in late 2011, the State of São Paulo decided not to pursue the general amnesty, but it has indicated that it would be willing to consider a special amnesty for the out-of-home industry. Klimes and L&C are actively exploring this opportunity but do not know whether the State ultimately will offer a special amnesty or what the terms of any special amnesty might be. Accordingly, the businesses continue to vigorously pursue their appeals in the lower public treasury court.

At December 31, 2011, the range of reasonably possible loss is from zero to approximately $31.2 million in the L&C matter and is from zero to approximately $34.6 million in the Klimes matter. The maximum loss that could ultimately be paid depends on the timing of the final resolution at the judicial level and applicable future interest rates. Based on our review of the law, the outcome of similar cases at the judicial level and the advice of counsel, we have not accrued any costs related to these claims and believe the occurrence of loss is not probable.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

The following information with respect to our executive officers is presented as of February 15, 2012:

Name

  Age  

Position

Robert W. Pittman58Chief Executive Officer and Director
Thomas W. Casey49Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
C. William Eccleshare56Chief Executive Officer—Outdoor
Scott D. Hamilton42Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary
John E. Hogan55Chairman and Chief Executive Officer—Clear Channel Media and Entertainment
Robert H. Walls, Jr.51Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

The officers named above serve until the next Board of Directors meeting immediately following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders or until their respective successors are chosen and qualified, in each case unless the officer sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified. We expect to retain the individuals named above as our executive officers at such next Board of Directors meeting immediately following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

Robert W. Pittmanwas appointed as our Chief Executive Officer and a director, as Chief Executive Officer and a director of Clear Channel and as Executive Chairman and a director of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. on October 2, 2011. Prior thereto, Mr. Pittman served as Chairman of Media and Entertainment Platforms for us and Clear Channel since November 2010. He has been a member of, and an investor in, Pilot Group Manager, LLC, Pilot Group GP, LLC, and Pilot Group LP, a private equity partnership, since April 2003, and Pilot Group II GP, LLC, and Pilot Group II LP, a private equity partnership, since 2006. Mr. Pittman was formerly Chief Operating Officer of AOL Time Warner, Inc. from May 2002 to July 2002. He also served as Co-Chief Operating Officer of AOL Time Warner, Inc. from January 2001 to May 2002, and earlier, as President and Chief Operating Officer of America Online, Inc. from February 1998 to January 2001. Mr. Pittman serves on the boards of numerous charitable organizations, including the Alliance for Lupus Research, the New York City Ballet, Public Theater, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation and the Robin Hood Foundation, where he has served as past Chairman.

Thomas W. Caseywas appointed as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., effective as of January 4, 2010. On March 31, 2011, Mr. Casey was appointed to serve in the newly-created Office of the Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., in addition to his existing offices. Mr. Casey served in the Office of the Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel until October 2, 2011, and served in the Office of the Chief Executive Officer of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. until January 24, 2012. Prior to January 4, 2010, Mr. Casey served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Washington Mutual, Inc. from November 2002 until October 2008. Washington Mutual, Inc. filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in September 2008. Prior to November 2002, Mr. Casey served as Vice President of General Electric Company and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of GE Financial Assurance since 1999.

C. William Eccleshare was appointed as Chief Executive Officer – Outdoor of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel and as Chief Executive Officer of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. on January 24, 2012. Prior thereto, he served as Chief Executive Officer—Clear Channel Outdoor—International of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel since February 17, 2011 and served as Chief Executive Officer—International of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. since September 1, 2009. Previously, he was Chairman and CEO of BBDO EMEA from 2005 to 2009. Prior thereto, he was Chairman and CEO of Young & Rubicam EMEA since 2002.

Scott D. Hamilton was appointed as our Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary, and as Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary of Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., on April 26, 2010. Previously, Mr. Hamilton served as Controller and Chief Accounting Officer of Avaya Inc. (“Avaya”), a multinational telecommunications company, from October 2008 to April 2010. Prior thereto, Mr. Hamilton served in various accounting and finance positions at Avaya, beginning in October 2004. Prior thereto, Mr. Hamilton was employed by PricewaterhouseCoopers from September 1992 until September 2004.

John E. Hoganwas appointed as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer – Clear Channel Media and Entertainment of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel on February 16, 2012. Previously, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer—Clear Channel Media and Entertainment (formerly known as Clear Channel Radio) of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel since July 30, 2008. Prior thereto, he served as the Senior Vice President and President and CEO of Radio for Clear Channel since August 2002.

Robert H. Walls, Jr.was appointed as our Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, and as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., on January 1, 2010. On March 31, 2011, Mr. Walls was appointed to serve in the newly-created Office of the Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., in addition to his existing offices. Mr. Walls served in the Office of the Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel until October 2, 2011, and served in the Office of the Chief Executive Officer of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. until January 24, 2012. Prior to January 1, 2010, Mr. Walls was a founding partner of Post Oak Energy Capital, LP and served as Managing Director through December 31, 2009, and remains an advisor to and a partner of Post Oak Energy Capital, LP. Prior thereto, Mr. Walls was Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Enron Corp., and a member of its Chief Executive Office since 2002. Prior thereto, he was Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Enron Global Assets and Services, Inc. and Deputy General Counsel of Enron Corp.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

Our Class A common shares are quoted for trading on the Over-The-Counter (“OTC”) Bulletin Board under the symbol “CCMO”. There were 343 shareholders of record as of January 31, 2012. This figure does not include an estimate of the indeterminate number of beneficial holders whose shares may be held of record by brokerage firms and clearing agencies. The following quotations obtained from the OTC Bulletin Board reflect the high and low bid prices for our Class A common stock based on inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not represent actual transactions.

   Class A
Common Stock
Market Price
         Class A
Common Stock
Market Price
 
   

High

   

Low

         

High

   

Low

 

2011

        2010    

First Quarter

  $9.00    $7.25      

First Quarter

  $4.95    $2.60  

Second Quarter

   9.83     6.00      

Second Quarter

   16.00     4.20  

Third Quarter

   8.50     5.00      

Third Quarter

   8.00     5.00  

Fourth Quarter

   6.50     4.00      

Fourth Quarter

   11.00     6.00  

There is no established public trading market for our Class B and Class C common stock. There were 555,556 Class B common shares and 58,967,502 Class C common shares outstanding on January 31, 2012. All of our outstanding shares of Class B common stock are held by Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC and all of our outstanding shares of Class C common stock are held by Clear Channel Capital V, L.P.

Dividend Policy

We currently do not intend to pay regular quarterly cash dividends on the shares of our common stock. We have not declared any dividend on our common stock since our incorporation. We are a holding company with no independent operations and no significant assets other than the stock of our subsidiaries. We, therefore, are dependent on the receipt of dividends or other distributions from our subsidiaries to pay dividends. In addition, Clear Channel’s debt financing arrangements include restrictions on its ability to pay dividends, which in turn affects our ability to pay dividends. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations- Liquidity and Capital Resources- Sources of Capital” and Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Sales of Unregistered Securities

We did not sell any equity securities during 2011 that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933.

Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table sets forth the purchases made during the quarter ended December 31, 2011 by us or on our behalf or by or on behalf of an affiliated purchaser of shares of our Class A common stock registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act:

Period

Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
Average
Price Paid
per Share
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased Under
the Plans or Programs
October 1 through October 31—  —  —  (1)
November 1 through November 30—  —  —  (1)
December 1 through December 31—  —  —  (1)

Total—  —  —  $    83,627,310 (1)

(1)

On August 9, 2010, Clear Channel announced that its board of directors approved a stock purchase program under which Clear Channel or its subsidiaries may purchase up to an aggregate of $100 million of our Class A common stock and/or the Class A common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., an

indirect subsidiary of Clear Channel. No shares of our Class A common stock were purchased under the stock purchase program during the three months ended December 31, 2011. However, during the three months ended December 31, 2011, a subsidiary of Clear Channel purchased $5,749,343 of the Class A common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (555,721 shares) through open market purchases, which, together with previous purchases under the program, leaves an aggregate of $83,627,310 available under the stock purchase program to purchase our Class A common stock and/or the Class A common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. The stock purchase program does not have a fixed expiration date and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at Clear Channel’s discretion.

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following tables set forth our summary historical consolidated financial and other data as of the dates and for the periods indicated. The summary historical financial data are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future periods. Acquisitions and dispositions impact the comparability of the historical consolidated financial data reflected in this schedule of Selected Financial Data.

The summary historical consolidated financial and other data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto located within Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 is comprised of two periods: post-merger and pre-merger. We applied purchase accounting adjustments to the opening balance sheet on July 31, 2008 as the merger occurred at the close of business on July 30, 2008. The merger resulted in a new basis of accounting beginning on July 31, 2008.

(In thousands)  For the Years Ended December 31, 
   2011
Post-Merger
  2010
Post-Merger
  2009
Post-Merger
  2008
Combined
  2007(1)
Pre-Merger
 

Results of Operations Data:

      

Revenue

  $6,161,352   $5,865,685   $5,551,909   $6,688,683   $6,921,202  

Operating expenses:

      

Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   2,504,036    2,381,647    2,529,454    2,836,082    2,672,852  

Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   1,617,258    1,570,212    1,520,402    1,897,608    1,822,091  

Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   227,096    284,042    253,964    227,945    181,504  

Depreciation and amortization

   763,306    732,869    765,474    696,830    566,627  

Merger expenses

               155,769    6,762  

Impairment charges(2)

   7,614    15,364    4,118,924    5,268,858      

Other operating income (expense) – net

   12,682    (16,710  (50,837  28,032    14,113  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

   1,054,724    864,841    (3,687,146  (4,366,377  1,685,479  

Interest expense

   1,466,246    1,533,341    1,500,866    928,978    451,870  

Gain (loss) on marketable securities

   (4,827  (6,490  (13,371  (82,290  6,742  

Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates

   26,958    5,702    (20,689  100,019    35,176  

Other income (expense) – net

   (4,616  46,455    679,716    126,393    5,326  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes and discontinued operations

   (394,007  (622,833  (4,542,356  (5,151,233  1,280,853  

Income tax benefit (expense)

   125,978    159,980    493,320    524,040    (441,148
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income (loss) before discontinued operations

   (268,029  (462,853  (4,049,036  (4,627,193  839,705  

Income from discontinued operations, net(3)

   —      —      —      638,391    145,833  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Consolidated net income (loss)

   (268,029  (462,853  (4,049,036  (3,988,802  985,538  

Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest

   34,065    16,236    (14,950  16,671    47,031  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company

  $(302,094 $(479,089 $(4,034,086 $(4,005,473 $938,507  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000
  Post-Merger  Pre-Merger 
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
  For the  Five
Months
Ended

December
31,
  For  the
Seven
Months
Ended

July 30,
  For the  Year
Ended
December

31,
 
  2011  2010  2009  2008  2008  2007 (1) 

Net income (loss) per common share:

       

Basic:

       

Income (loss) attributable to the Company before discontinued operations

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.04 $0.80   $1.59  

Discontinued operations

              (0.02  1.29    0.30  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.06 $2.09   $1.89  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Diluted:

       

Income (loss) attributable to the Company before discontinued operations

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.04 $0.80   $1.59  

Discontinued operations

              (0.02  1.29    0.29  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.06 $2.09   $1.88  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Dividends declared per share

 $   $   $   $   $   $0.75  

(In thousands)  As of December 31, 
Balance Sheet Data:  2011
Post-Merger
  2010
Post-Merger
  2009
Post-Merger
  2008
Post-Merger
  2007(1)
Pre-Merger
 

Current assets

  $2,985,285   $3,603,173   $3,658,845   $2,066,555   $2,294,583  

Property, plant and equipment – net, including discontinued operations

   3,063,327    3,145,554    3,332,393    3,548,159    3,215,088  

Total assets

   16,542,039    17,460,382    18,047,101    21,125,463    18,805,528  

Current liabilities

   1,428,962    2,098,579    1,544,136    1,845,946    2,813,277  

Long-term debt, net of current maturities

   19,938,531    19,739,617    20,303,126    18,940,697    5,214,988  

Shareholders’ equity (deficit)

   (7,471,941  (7,204,686  (6,844,738  (2,916,231  9,233,851  

(1)Effective January 1, 2007, we adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, codified in ASC 740-10. In accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, the effects of adoption were accounted for as a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to the balance of retained earnings on the date of adoption. The adoption of ASC 740-10 resulted in a decrease of $0.2 million to the January 1, 2007 balance of “Retained deficit”, an increase of $101.7 million in “Other long term-liabilities” for unrecognized tax benefits and a decrease of $123.0 million in “Deferred income taxes”.

(2)We recorded non-cash impairment charges of $7.6 million and $15.4 million during 2011 and 2010, respectively. We also recorded non-cash impairment charges of $4.1 billion in 2009 and $5.3 billion in 2008 as a result of the global economic downturn which adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses. Our impairment charges are discussed more fully in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(3)Includes the results of operations of our television business, which we sold on March 14, 2008, and certain of our non-core radio stations.

ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

OVERVIEW

Format of Presentation

Management’s discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition (“MD&A”) should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related footnotes. Our discussion is presented on both a consolidated and segment basis. Our reportable operating segments are Media and Entertainment (“CCME”, formerly known as our Radio segment), Americas outdoor advertising (“Americas outdoor” or “Americas outdoor advertising”), and International outdoor advertising (“International outdoor” or “International outdoor advertising”). Our CCME segment provides media and entertainment services via broadcast and digital delivery and also includes our national syndication business. Our Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments provide outdoor advertising services in their respective geographic regions using various digital and traditional display types. Included in the “Other” segment are our media representation business, Katz Media Group, as well as other general support services and initiatives, which are ancillary to our other businesses.

We manage our operating segments primarily focusing on their operating income, while Corporate expenses, Impairment charges, Other operating income (expense) — net, Interest expense, Loss on marketable securities, Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates, Other income (expense) — net and Income tax benefit are managed on a total company basis and are, therefore, included only in our discussion of consolidated results.

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation.

CCME

Our revenue is derived primarily from selling advertising time, or spots, on our radio stations, with advertising contracts typically less than one year in duration. The programming formats of our radio stations are designed to reach audiences with targeted demographic characteristics that appeal to our advertisers. We also provide streaming content via the Internet, mobile and other digital platforms which reach national, regional and local audiences and derive revenues primarily from selling advertising time with advertising contracts similar to those used by our radio stations.

CCME management monitors average advertising rates, which are principally based on the length of the spot and how many people in a targeted audience listen to our stations, as measured by an independent ratings service. Also, our advertising rates are influenced by the time of day the advertisement airs, with morning and evening drive-time hours typically priced the highest. Management monitors yield per available minute in addition to average rates because yield allows management to track revenue performance across our inventory. Yield is measured by management in a variety of ways, including revenue earned divided by minutes of advertising sold.

Management monitors macro-level indicators to assess our CCME operations’ performance. Due to the geographic diversity and autonomy of our markets, we have a multitude of market-specific advertising rates and audience demographics. Therefore, management reviews average unit rates across each of our stations.

Management looks at our CCME operations’ overall revenue as well as the revenue from each type of advertising, including local advertising, which is sold predominately in a station’s local market, and national advertising, which is sold across multiple markets. Local advertising is sold by each radio station’s sales staff while national advertising is sold, for the most part, through our national representation firm. Local advertising, which is our largest source of advertising revenue, and national advertising revenues are tracked separately because these revenue streams have different sales forces and respond differently to changes in the economic environment. We periodically review and refine our selling structures in all markets in an effort to maximize the value of our offering to advertisers and, therefore, our revenue.

Management also looks at CCME revenue by market size. Typically, larger markets can reach larger audiences with wider demographics than smaller markets. Additionally, management reviews our share of CCME advertising revenues in markets where such information is available, as well as our share of target demographics listening to the radio in an average quarter hour. This metric gauges how well our formats are attracting and retaining listeners.

A portion of our CCME segment’s expenses vary in connection with changes in revenue. These variable expenses primarily relate to costs in our sales department, such as commissions and bad debt. Our programming and general and administrative departments incur most of our fixed costs, such as talent costs, rights fees, utilities and office salaries. We incur discretionary costs in our marketing and promotions, which we primarily use in an effort to maintain and/or increase our audience share. Lastly, we have incentive systems in each of our departments which provide for bonus payments based on specific performance metrics, including ratings, sales levels, pricing and overall profitability.

Outdoor Advertising

Our outdoor advertising revenue is derived from selling advertising space on the displays we own or operate in key markets worldwide, consisting primarily of billboards, street furniture and transit displays. Part of our long-term strategy for our outdoor advertising businesses is to pursue the technology of digital displays, including flat screens, LCDs and LEDs, as alternatives to traditional methods of displaying our clients’ advertisements. We are currently installing these technologies in certain markets, both domestically and internationally.

Management typically monitors our business by reviewing the average rates, average revenue per display, or yield, occupancy, and inventory levels of each of our display types by market.

We own the majority of our advertising displays, which typically are located on sites that we either lease or own or for which we have acquired permanent easements. Our advertising contracts with clients typically outline the number of displays reserved, the duration of the advertising campaign and the unit price per display.

The significant expenses associated with our operations include (i) direct production, maintenance and installation expenses, (ii) site lease expenses for land under our displays and (iii) revenue-sharing or minimum guaranteed amounts payable under our billboard, street furniture and transit display contracts. Our direct production, maintenance and installation expenses include costs for printing, transporting and changing the advertising copy changes.

7

on our displays, the related labor costs, the vinyl and paper costs, electricity costs and the costs for cleaning and maintaining our displays. Vinyl and paper costs vary according to the complexity of the advertising copy and the quantity of displays. Our site lease expenses include lease payments for use of the land under our displays, as well as any revenue-sharing arrangements or minimum guaranteed amounts payable that we may have with the landlords. The terms of our site leases and revenue-sharing or minimum guaranteed contracts generally range from one to 20 years.


Other Inventory

The balance of our display inventory consists of spectaculars, wallscapes and mall displays. Spectaculars are customized display structures that often incorporate video, multidimensional lettering and figures, mechanical devices and moving parts and other embellishments to create special effects. The majority of our spectaculars are located in Times Square in New York City, Dundas Square and the Gardiner Expressway in Toronto, Fashion Show Mall in Las Vegas, Miracle Mile Shops in Las Vegas and across from the Target Center in Minneapolis. Client contracts for spectaculars typically have terms of one year or longer. A wallscape is a display that drapes over or is suspended from the sides of buildings or other structures. Generally, wallscapes are located in high-profile areas where other types of outdoor advertising displays are limited or unavailable. Clients typically contract for individual wallscapes for extended terms. We also own displays located within the common areas of malls on which our clients run advertising campaigns for periods ranging from four weeks to one year.

Advertising Inventory and Markets

As of December 31, 2011, we owned or operated approximately 125,000 display structures in our Americas outdoor advertising segment with operations in 48 of the 50 largest markets in the United States, including all of the 20 largest markets. Therefore, no one property is material to our overall operations. We believe that our properties are in good condition and suitable for our operations. During 2011, we conformed our methodology for counting airport displays to be consistent with the remainder of our domestic inventory.

Our displays are located on owned land, leased land or land for which we have acquired permanent easements. The majority of the advertising structures on which our displays are mounted require permits. Permits are granted for the right to operate an advertising structure as long the structure is used in compliance with the laws and regulations of the applicable jurisdiction.

Competition

The outdoor advertising industry in the Americas is fragmented, consisting of several larger companies involved in outdoor advertising, such as CBS and Lamar Advertising Company, as well as numerous smaller and local companies operating a limited number of displays in a single market or a few local markets. We also compete with other advertising media in our respective markets, including broadcast and cable television, radio, print media, direct mail, the Internet and other forms of advertisement.

Outdoor advertising companies compete primarily based on ability to reach consumers, which is driven by location of the display.

International Outdoor Advertising

Our International outdoor business segment includes our operations in Asia, Australia and Europe, with approximately 34%, 37% and 39% of our revenue in this segment derived from France and the United Kingdom for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. As of December 31, 2011, we owned or operated more than 630,000 displays across 30 countries.

Our International outdoor assets consist of street furniture and transit displays, billboards, mall displays, Smartbike schemes, wallscapes and other spectaculars, which we own or operate under lease agreements. Our International business is focused on metropolitan areas with dense populations.

Strategy

Similar to our Americas outdoor advertising, we believe International outdoor advertising has attractive industry fundamentals including a broad audience reach and a highly cost effective media for advertisers as measured by cost per thousand persons reached compared to other traditional media. Our International business focuses on the following strategies:

Promote Overall Outdoor Media Spending.Our strategy is to promote growth in outdoor advertising’s share of total media spending by leveraging our international scale and local reach. We are focusing on developing and implementing better and improved outdoor audience delivery measurement systems to provide advertisers with tools to determine how effectively their message is reaching the desired audience.

Capitalize on Product and Geographic Opportunities. We are also focused on growing our business internationally by working closely with our advertising customers and agencies in meeting their needs, and through new product offerings, optimization of our current display portfolio and selective investments targeting promising growth markets. We have continued to innovate and introduce new products in international markets based on local demands. Our core business is our street furniture business and that is where we plan to focus much of our investment. We plan to continue to evaluate municipal contracts that may come up for bid and will make prudent investments where we believe we can receive attractive returns. We will also continue to invest in markets such as China, Turkey and Poland, where we believe there is high growth potential.

Continue to Deploy Digital Display Networks. Internationally, digital out-of-home displays are a dynamic medium which enables our customers to engage in real-time, tactical, topical and flexible advertising. We will continue our focused and dedicated digital strategy as we remain committed to the digital development of out-of-home communication solutions internationally. Through our new international digital brand, Clear Channel Play, we are able to offer networks of digital displays in multiple formats and multiple environments including bus shelters, airports, transit, malls and flagship locations. We seek to achieve greater consumer engagement and flexibility by delivering powerful, flexible and interactive campaigns that open up new possibilities for advertisers to engage with their target audiences. With digital network launches in Sweden, Belgium and the U.K. accelerating our expansion program during 2011, we had more than 2,900 digital displays in twelve countries across Europe and Asia as of December 31, 2011.

Sources of Revenue

     Americas Outdoor Advertising

Our International outdoor segment generated 21%27%, 21%25% and 20%26% of our combined revenue in 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, respectively. Americas Outdoor AdvertisingInternational outdoor advertising revenue is derived from the sale of traditional advertising copy placed on our display inventory.inventory and electronic displays which are part of our network of digital displays. Our International outdoor display inventory consists primarily of billboards, street furniture displays, billboards, transit displays and transitother out-of-home advertising displays, such as neon displays. The margins on our billboard contracts tend to be higher than those on contracts for other displays, due to their greater size, impact and location along major roadways that are highly trafficked. Billboards comprise approximately two-thirds of our display revenues. The following table shows the approximate percentage of revenue derived from each inventory category forof our Americas Outdoor Advertising inventory:

             
  Year Ended December 31,
  2008 2007 2006
Billboards            
Bulletins(1)
  51%  52%  52%
Posters  15%  16%  18%
Street furniture displays  5%  4%  4%
Transit displays  17%  16%  14%
Other displays(2)
  12%  12%  12%
             
Total  100%  100%  100%
             
International outdoor segment:

   Year Ended December 31, 
     2011       2010       2009   

Street furniture displays

   43%       42%       40%    

Billboards(1)

   27%       30%       32%    

Transit displays

   9%       8%       8%    

Other(2)

   21%       20%       20%    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   100%       100%       100%    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1)Includes digitalrevenue from posters and neon displays.

(2)Includes spectaculars,advertising revenue from mall displays, other small displays, and wallscapes.non-advertising revenue from sales of street furniture equipment, cleaning and maintenance services, operation of Smartbike schemes and production revenue.

Our Americas Outdoor AdvertisingInternational outdoor segment generates revenues worldwide from local, regional and national sales. OurSimilar to our Americas outdoor business, advertising rates generally are based on a number of different factors including location, competition, size of display, illumination, market andthe gross ratings points. Gross ratings points are the total number of impressions delivered, expressed as a percentage of a market population, of a display or group of displays. The number of impressions delivered by a display, in some countries, is measured byweighted to account for such factors as illumination, proximity to other displays and the numberspeed and viewing angle of people passing the site during a defined period of time. For all of our billboards in the United States, we use independent, third-party auditing companies to verify the number of impressions delivered by a display. “Reach’’ is the percent of a target audience exposed to an advertising message at least once during a specified period of time, typically during a period of four weeks. “Frequency” is the average number of exposures an individual has to an advertising message during a specified period of time. Out-of-home frequency is typically measured over a four-week period.

approaching traffic.

While location, price and availability of displays are important competitive factors, we believe that providing quality customer service and establishing strong client relationships are also critical components of sales. In addition, we have long-standing relationships with a diversified group of advertising brandsOur entrepreneurial culture allows local management to operate their markets as separate profit centers, encouraging customer cultivation and agencies that allow us to diversify client accounts and establish continuing revenue streams.

Billboards
     Our billboard inventory primarily includes bulletins and posters.
Bulletins.Bulletins vary in size, with the most common size being 14 feet high by 48 feet wide. Almost all of the advertising copy displayed on bulletins is computer printed on vinyl and transported to the bulletin where it is secured to the display surface. Because of their greater size and impact, we typically receive our highest rates for bulletins. Bulletins generally are located along major expressways, primary commuting routes and main intersections that are highly visible and heavily trafficked. Our clients may contract for individual bulletins or a network of bulletins, meaning the clients’ advertisements are rotated among bulletins to increase the reach of the campaign. Our client contracts for bulletins generally have terms ranging from one month to one year.
Posters.Posters are available in two sizes, 30-sheet and 8-sheet displays. The 30-sheet posters are approximately 11 feet high by 23 feet wide, and the 8-sheet posters are approximately 5 feet high by 11 feet wide. Advertising copy for posters is printed using silk-screen or lithographic processes to transfer the designs onto paper that is then transported and secured to the poster surfaces. Posters generally are located in commercial areas on primary and secondary routes near point-of-purchase locations, facilitating advertising campaigns with greater demographic targeting than those displayed on bulletins. Our poster rates typically are less than our bulletin rates, and our client contracts for posters generally have terms

8service.


ranging from four weeks to one year. Two types of posters are premiere panels and squares. Premiere displays are innovative hybrids between bulletins and posters that we developed to provide our clients with an alternative for their targeted marketing campaigns. The premiere displays utilize one or more poster panels, but with vinyl advertising stretched over the panels similar to bulletins. Our intent is to combine the creative impact of bulletins with the additional reach and frequency of posters.
Street Furniture Displays

Our International street furniture displays, marketed under our global AdshelTM brand,available in traditional and digital formats, are advertising surfaces onsubstantially similar to their Americas street furniture counterparts, and include bus shelters, informationfreestanding units, various types of kiosks, public toilets, freestanding unitsbenches and other public structures,structures. Internationally, contracts with municipal and are primarily located in major metropolitan cities and along major commuting routes. Generally, we own the street furniture structures and are responsible for their construction and maintenance. Contractstransit authorities for the right to place our street furniture displays in the public domain and sell advertising space on them are awarded by municipal and transit authorities in competitive bidding processes governed by local law. Generally, these contracts havesuch street furniture typically provide for terms ranging from 10 to 2015 years. As compensationThe major difference between our International and Americas street furniture businesses is in the nature of the municipal contracts. In our International outdoor business, these contracts typically require us to provide the municipality with a broader range of metropolitan amenities such as bus shelters with or without advertising panels, information kiosks and public wastebaskets, as well as space for the rightmunicipality to display maps or other public information. In exchange for providing such metropolitan amenities and display space, we are authorized to sell advertising space on ourcertain sections of the structures we erect in the public domain. Our International street furniture structures, we pay the municipality or transit authority a fee or revenue share that is either a fixed amount or a percentagetypically sold to clients as network packages of the revenue derived from the street furniture displays. Typically, these revenue sharing arrangements include payments by us of minimum guaranteed amounts. Client contracts formultiple street furniture displays, typically havewith contract terms ranging from four weeksone to two weeks. Client contracts are also available with terms of up to one year,year.

Billboards

The sizes of our International billboards are not standardized. The billboards vary in both format and size across our networks, with the majority of our International billboards being similar in size to our posters used in our Americas outdoor business (30-sheet and 8-sheet displays). Our International billboards may be forare sold to clients as network packages.

Transit Displays
     Our transit displayspackages with contract terms typically ranging from one to two weeks. Long-term client contracts are advertising surfaces on various types of vehicles or within transit systems, including on the interioralso available and exterior sides of buses, trains, trams and taxis, and within the common areas of rail stations and airports. Similar to street furniture, contracts for the right to place our displays on such vehicles or within such transit systems and to sell advertising space on them generally are awarded by public transit authorities in competitive bidding processes or are negotiated with private transit operators. These contracts typically have terms of up to one year. We lease the majority of our billboard sites from private landowners. Billboards include posters and our neon displays, and are available in traditional and digital formats. Defi Group SAS, our International neon subsidiary, is a global provider of neon signs with approximately 296 displays in 16 countries worldwide. Client contracts for International neon displays typically have terms of approximately five years.

Transit Displays

Our International transit display contracts are substantially similar to their Americas transit display counterparts, and typically require us to make only a minimal initial investment and few ongoing maintenance expenditures. Contracts with public transit authorities or private transit operators typically have terms ranging from three to seven years. Our client contracts for transit displays, either traditional or digital, generally have terms ranging from four weeksone week to one year.year, or longer.

Other International Inventory and Services

The balance of our revenue from our International outdoor segment consists primarily of advertising revenue from mall displays, other small displays and non-advertising revenue from sales of street furniture equipment, cleaning and maintenance services and production revenue. Internationally, our contracts with mall operators generally have terms ranging from five to ten years and client contracts for mall displays generally have terms ranging from one to two weeks, but are available for periods up to six months. Our International inventory includes other small displays that are counted as separate displays since they form a substantial part of our network and International outdoor advertising revenue. We also have a Smartbike bicycle rental program which provides bicycles for rent to the general public in several municipalities. In exchange for providing the bike rental program, we generally derive revenue from advertising rights to the bikes, bike stations, additional street furniture displays, or fees from the local municipalities. In several of our International markets, we sell equipment or provide cleaning and maintenance services as part of a billboard or street furniture contract with a municipality.

Advertising Inventory and Markets

As of December 31, 2011, we owned or operated more than 630,000 displays in our International outdoor segment, with operations across 30 countries. Our International outdoor display count includes display faces, which may include multiple faces on a single structure. As a result, our International outdoor display count is not comparable to our Americas outdoor display count, which includes only unique displays. No one property is material to our overall operations. We believe that our properties are in good condition and suitable for our operations.

Competition

The international outdoor advertising industry is fragmented, consisting of several larger companies involved in outdoor advertising, such as JCDecaux and CBS, as well as numerous smaller and local companies operating a limited number of displays in a single market or a few local markets. We also compete with other advertising media in our respective markets, including broadcast and cable television, radio, print media, direct mail, the Internet and other forms of advertisement.

Outdoor companies compete primarily based on ability to reach consumers, which is driven by location of the display.

Other

Our Other segment includes our 100%-owned media representation firm, Katz Media, as well as other general support services and initiatives which are ancillary to our other businesses.

Katz Media, a leading media representation firm in the U.S. for radio and television stations, sells national spot advertising time for clients in the radio and television industries throughout the United States. As of December 31, 2011, Katz Media represents approximately 3,900 radio stations, approximately one-fifth of which are owned by us, as well as approximately 950 digital properties. Katz Media also represents approximately 700 television and digital multicast stations.

Katz Media generates revenue primarily through contractual commissions realized from the sale of national spot and online advertising. National spot advertising is commercial airtime sold to advertisers on behalf of radio and television stations. Katz Media represents its media clients pursuant to media representation contracts, which typically have terms of up to ten years in length.

Employees

As of January 31, 2012, we had approximately 15,400 domestic employees and approximately 5,800 international employees, of which approximately 18,000 were in direct operations and 2,700 were in corporate related activities. Approximately 840 of our employees in the United States and approximately 265 of our employees outside the United States are subject to collective bargaining agreements in their respective countries. We are a party to numerous collective bargaining agreements, none of which represent a significant number of employees. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.

Seasonality

Required information is located within Item 7 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Regulation of our Media and Entertainment Business

General

The following is a brief summary of certain statutes, regulations, policies and proposals affecting our media and entertainment business. For example, radio broadcasting is subject to the jurisdiction of the FCC under the Communications Act. The Communications Act permits the operation of a radio broadcast station only under a license issued by the FCC upon a finding that grant of the license would serve the public interest, convenience and necessity. Among other things, the Communications Act empowers the FCC to: issue, renew, revoke and modify broadcasting licenses; assign frequency bands for broadcasting; determine stations’ frequencies, locations, power and other technical parameters; impose penalties for violation of its regulations, including monetary forfeitures and, in extreme cases, license revocation; impose annual regulatory and application processing fees; and adopt and implement regulations and policies affecting the ownership, program content, employment practices and many other aspects of the operation of broadcast stations.

This summary does not comprehensively cover all current and proposed statutes, regulations and policies affecting our media and entertainment business. Reference should be made to the Communications Act and other relevant statutes, regulations, policies and proceedings for further information concerning the nature and extent of regulation of our media and entertainment business. Finally, several of the following matters are now, or may become, the subject of court litigation, and we cannot predict the outcome of any such litigation or its impact on our media and entertainment business.

License Assignments

The Communications Act prohibits the assignment of a license or the transfer of control of an FCC licensee without prior FCC approval. Applications for license assignments or transfers involving a substantial change in ownership are subject to a 30-day period for public comment, during which petitions to deny the application may be filed and considered by the FCC.

License Renewal

The FCC grants broadcast licenses for a term of up to eight years. The FCC will renew a license for an additional eight-year term if, after consideration of the renewal application and any objections thereto, it finds that the station has served the public interest, convenience and necessity and that, with respect to the station seeking renewal, there have been no serious violations of either the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules and regulations by the licensee and no other such violations which, taken together, constitute a pattern of abuse. The FCC may grant the license renewal application with or without conditions, including renewal for a term less than eight years. The vast majority of radio licenses are renewed by the FCC for the full eight-year term. While we cannot guarantee the grant of any future renewal application, our stations’ licenses historically have been renewed for the full eight-year term.

Ownership Regulation

FCC rules and policies define the interests of individuals and entities, known as “attributable” interests, which implicate FCC rules governing ownership of broadcast stations and other specified mass media entities. Under these rules, attributable interests generally include: (1) officers and directors of a licensee or of its direct or indirect parent; (2) general partners, limited partners and limited liability company members, unless properly “insulated” from management activities; (3) a 5% or more direct or indirect voting stock interest in a corporate licensee or parent, except that, for a narrowly defined class of passive investors, the attribution threshold is a 20% or more voting stock interest; and (4) combined equity and debt interests in excess of 33% of a licensee’s total asset value, if the interest holder provides over 15% of the licensee station’s total weekly programming, or has an attributable broadcast or newspaper interest in the same market (the “EDP Rule”). An entity that owns one or more radio stations in a market and programs more than 15% of the broadcast time, or sells more than 15% per week of the advertising time, on a radio station in the same market is generally deemed to have an attributable interest in that station.

Debt instruments, non-voting corporate stock, minority voting stock interests in corporations having a single majority stockholder, and properly insulated limited partnership and limited liability company interests generally are not subject to attribution unless such interests implicate the EDP Rule. To the best of our knowledge at present, none of our officers, directors or 5% or greater shareholders holds an interest in another television station, radio station or daily newspaper that is inconsistent with the FCC’s ownership rules.

The FCC is required to conduct periodic reviews of its media ownership rules. In 2003, the FCC, among other actions, modified the radio ownership rules and adopted new cross-media ownership limits. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit initially stayed implementation of the new rules. Later, it lifted the stay as to the radio ownership rules, allowing the modified rules to go into effect. It retained the stay on the cross-media ownership limits and remanded them to the FCC for further justification (leaving in effect separate pre-existing FCC rules governing newspaper-broadcast and radio-television cross-ownership). In 2007, the FCC adopted a decision that revised the newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership rule but made no changes to the radio ownership or radio-television cross-ownership rules. In 2011, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit vacated the FCC’s revisions to the newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership rule and otherwise upheld the FCC’s decision to retain the current radio ownership and radio-television cross-ownership rules. Litigants, including Clear Channel, have sought review by the U.S. Supreme Court of the Third Circuit’s decision. The FCC began its next periodic review of its media ownership rules in 2010, and has issued a notice of proposed rulemaking. We cannot predict the outcome of the FCC’s media ownership proceedings or their effects on our business in the future.

Irrespective of the FCC’s radio ownership rules, the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) and the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) have the authority to determine that a particular transaction presents antitrust concerns. In particular, where the proposed purchaser already owns one or more radio stations in a particular market and seeks to acquire additional radio stations in that market, the DOJ has, in some cases, obtained consent decrees requiring radio station divestitures.

The current FCC ownership rules relevant to our business are summarized below.

Local Radio Ownership Rule. The maximum allowable number of radio stations that may be commonly owned in a market is based on the size of the market. In markets with 45 or more stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to eight stations, of which no more than five are in the same service (AM or FM). In markets with 30-44 stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to seven stations, of which no more than four are in the same service. In markets with 15-29 stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to six stations, of which no more than four are in the same service. In markets with 14 or fewer stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to five stations, of which no more than three are in the same service, so long as the entity does not have an interest in more than 50% of all stations in the market. To apply these ownership tiers, the FCC relies on Arbitron Metro Survey Areas, where they exist, and a signal contour-overlap methodology where they do not exist. An FCC rulemaking is pending to determine how to define radio markets for stations located outside Arbitron Metro Survey Areas.

Newspaper-Broadcast Cross-Ownership Rule. FCC rules generally prohibit an individual or entity from having an attributable interest in either a radio or television station and a daily newspaper located in the same market.

Radio-Television Cross-Ownership Rule. FCC rules permit the common ownership of one television and up to seven same-market radio stations, or up to two television and six same-market radio stations, depending on the number of independent media voices in the market and on whether the television and radio components of the combination comply with the television and radio ownership limits, respectively.

Alien Ownership Restrictions

The Communications Act restricts foreign entities or individuals from owning or voting more than 20% of the equity of a broadcast licensee directly and more than 25% indirectly (i.e., through a parent company). Since we serve as a holding company for FCC licensee subsidiaries, we are effectively restricted from having more than one-fourth of our stock owned or voted directly or indirectly by foreign entities or individuals.

Indecency Regulation

Federal law regulates the broadcast of obscene, indecent or profane material. Legislation enacted by Congress provides the FCC with authority to impose fines of up to $325,000 per utterance with a cap of $3.0 million for any violation arising from a single act. Several judicial appeals of FCC indecency enforcement actions are currently pending. In July 2010, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals issued a ruling in one of those appeals,in which it held the FCC’s indecency standards to be unconstitutionally vague under the First Amendment, and in November 2010 denied a petition for rehearing of that decision. In January 2011, the Second Circuit vacated the agency decision at issue in another appeal, relying on its July 2010 and November 2010 decisions. In January 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments in its review of the Second Circuit’s actions, setting the stage for a Supreme Court decision on indecency regulation in 2012. The outcome of this proceeding, and of other pending indecency cases, will affect future FCC policies in this area. We have received, and may receive in the future, letters of inquiry and other notifications from the FCC concerning complaints that programming aired on our stations contains indecent or profane language. FCC action on these complaints will be directly impacted by the outcome of the indecency court proceedings and subsequent FCC action in response thereto.

Equal Employment Opportunity

The FCC’s rules require broadcasters to engage in broad equal opportunity employment recruitment efforts, retain data concerning such efforts and report much of this data to the FCC and to the public via stations’ public files and websites. Broadcasters could be sanctioned for noncompliance.

Technical Rules

Numerous FCC rules govern the technical operating parameters of radio stations, including permissible operating frequency, power and antenna height and interference protections between stations. Changes to these rules could negatively affect the operation of our stations. For example, in January 2011 a law that eliminates certain minimum distance separation requirements between full-power and low-power FM radio stations was enacted, which could lead to increased interference between our stations and low-power FM stations. In March 2011 the FCC adopted policies which, in certain circumstances, could make it more difficult for radio stations to relocate to increase their population coverage.

Content, Licenses and Royalties

We must pay royalties to copyright owners of musical compositions (typically, songwriters and publishers) whenever we broadcast or stream musical compositions. Copyright owners of musical compositions most often rely on intermediaries known as performance rights organizations to negotiate so-called “blanket” licenses with copyright users, collect royalties under such licenses and distribute them to copyright owners. We have obtained public performance licenses from, and pay license fees to, the three major performance rights organizations in the United States known as the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, or ASCAP, Broadcast Music, Inc., or BMI, and SESAC, Inc., or SESAC.

To secure the rights to stream music content over the Internet, we also must obtain performance rights licenses and pay performance rights royalties to copyright owners of sound recordings (typically, performing artists and recording companies). Under Federal statutory licenses, we are permitted to stream any lawfully released sound recordings and to make reproductions of these recordings on our computer servers without having to separately negotiate and obtain direct licenses with each individual copyright owner as long as we operate in compliance with the rules of statutory licenses and pay the applicable royalty rates to SoundExchange, the non-profit organization designated by the Copyright Royalty Board to collect and distribute royalties under these statutory licenses. In addition, we have business arrangements directly with some copyright owners to receive deliveries of their sound recordings for use in our Internet operations.

The rates at which we pay royalties to copyright owners are privately negotiated or set pursuant to a regulatory process. There is no guarantee that the licenses and associated royalty rates that currently are available to us will be available to us in the future. Increased royalty rates could significantly increase our expenses, which could adversely affect our business.

Privacy

As a company conducting business on the Internet, we are subject to a number of laws and regulations relating to information security, data protection and privacy, among other things. Many of these laws and regulations are still evolving and could be interpreted in ways that could harm our business. In the area of information security and data protection, the laws in several states require companies to implement specific information security controls to protect certain types of personally identifiable information. Likewise, all but a few states have laws in place requiring companies to notify users if there is a security breach that compromises certain categories of their personally identifiable information. Any failure on our part to comply with these laws may subject us to significant liabilities. Further, any failure by us to adequately protect the privacy or security of our listeners’ information could result in a loss of confidence in us among existing and potential listeners, and ultimately, in a loss of listeners and advertising customers, which could adversely affect our business.

We collect and use certain types of information from our listeners in accordance with the privacy policies posted on our websites. We collect personally identifiable information directly from listeners when they register to use our services, fill out their listener profiles, post comments, use our social networking features, participate in polls and contests and sign up to receive email newsletters. We also may obtain information about our listeners from other listeners and third parties. Our policy is to use the collected information to customize and personalize advertising and content for listeners and to enhance the listener experience. We have implemented commercially reasonable physical and electronic security measures to protect against the loss, misuse, and alteration of personally identifiable information. However, no security measures are perfect or impenetrable, and we may be unable to anticipate or prevent unauthorized access to our listeners’ personally identifiable information. Any failure to comply with our posted privacy policies or privacy-related laws and regulations could result in proceedings against us by governmental authorities or others, which could harm our business.

Other

Congress, the FCC and other government agencies and regulatory bodies may in the future adopt new laws, regulations and policies that could affect, directly or indirectly, the operation, profitability and ownership of our broadcast stations and Internet-based audio music services. In addition to the regulations and other arrangements noted above, such matters include, for example: proposals to impose spectrum use or other fees on FCC licensees; legislation that would provide for the payment of sound recording royalties to artists and musicians whose music is played on our broadcast stations; changes to the political broadcasting rules, including the adoption of proposals to provide free air time to candidates; restrictions on the advertising of certain products, such as beer and wine; frequency allocation, spectrum reallocations and changes in technical rules; and the adoption of significant new programming and operational requirements designed to increase local community-responsive programming, and enhance public interest reporting requirements.

Regulation of our Americas and International Outdoor Advertising Businesses

The outdoor advertising industry in the United States is subject to governmental regulation at the Federal, state and local levels. These regulations may include, among others, restrictions on the construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, upgrading, height, size, spacing and location of and, in some instances, content of advertising copy being displayed on outdoor advertising structures. In addition, international regulations have a significant impact on the outdoor advertising industry. International regulation of the outdoor advertising industry can vary by municipality, region and country, but generally limits the size, placement, nature and density of out-of-home displays. Other regulations may limit the subject matter and language of out-of-home displays.

From time to time, legislation has been introduced in both the United States and foreign jurisdictions attempting to impose taxes on revenue from outdoor advertising or for the right to use outdoor advertising assets. Several jurisdictions have already imposed such taxes as a percentage of our outdoor advertising revenue in that jurisdiction. In addition, some jurisdictions have taxed our personal property and leasehold interests in advertising locations using various valuation methodologies. While these taxes have not had a material impact on our business and financial results to date, we expect U.S. and foreign jurisdictions to continue to try to impose such taxes as a way of increasing revenue. In recent years, outdoor advertising also has become the subject of targeted taxes and fees. These laws may affect prevailing competitive conditions in our markets in a variety of ways. Such laws may reduce our expansion opportunities or may increase or reduce competitive pressure from other members of the outdoor advertising industry. No assurance can be given that existing or future laws or regulations, and the enforcement thereof, will not materially and adversely affect the outdoor advertising industry. However, we contest laws and regulations that we believe unlawfully restrict our constitutional or other legal rights and may adversely impact the growth of our outdoor advertising business.

In the United States, Federal law, principally the Highway Beautification Act (“HBA”), regulates outdoor advertising on Federal-Aid Primary, Interstate and National Highway Systems roads within the United States (“controlled roads”). The HBA regulates the size and placement of billboards, requires the development of state standards, mandates a state’s compliance program, promotes the expeditious removal of illegal signs and requires just compensation for takings.

To satisfy the HBA’s requirements, all states have passed billboard control statutes and regulations that regulate, among other things, construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, height, size, spacing and the placement and permitting of outdoor advertising structures. We are not aware of any state that has passed control statutes and regulations less restrictive than the prevailing federal requirements, including the requirement that an owner remove any non-grandfathered, non-compliant signs along the controlled roads, at the owner’s expense and without compensation. Local governments generally also include billboard control as part of their zoning laws and building codes regulating those items described above and include similar provisions regarding the removal of non-grandfathered structures that do not comply with certain of the local requirements. Some local governments have initiated code enforcement and permit reviews of billboards within their jurisdiction challenging billboards located within their jurisdiction, and in some instances we have had to remove billboards as a result of such reviews.

As part of their billboard control laws, state and local governments regulate the construction of new signs. Some jurisdictions prohibit new construction, some jurisdictions allow new construction only to replace existing structures and some jurisdictions allow new construction subject to the various restrictions discussed above. In certain jurisdictions, restrictive regulations also limit our ability to relocate, rebuild, repair, maintain, upgrade, modify or replace existing legal non-conforming billboards.

U.S. Federal law neither requires nor prohibits the removal of existing lawful billboards, but it does mandate the payment of compensation if a state or political subdivision compels the removal of a lawful billboard along the controlled roads. In the past, state governments have purchased and removed existing lawful billboards for beautification purposes using Federal funding for transportation enhancement programs, and these jurisdictions may continue to do so in the future. From time to time, state and local government authorities use the power of eminent domain and amortization to remove billboards. Thus far, we have been able to obtain satisfactory compensation for our billboards purchased or removed as a result of these types of governmental action, although there is no assurance that this will continue to be the case in the future.

We have introduced and intend to expand the deployment of digital billboards that display static digital advertising copy from various advertisers that change up to several times per minute. We have encountered some existing regulations in the U.S. and across some international jurisdictions that restrict or prohibit these types of digital displays. However, since digital technology for changing static copy has only recently been developed and introduced into the market on a large scale, and is in the process of being introduced more broadly in our international markets, existing regulations that currently do not apply to digital technology by their terms could be revised to impose greater restrictions. These regulations may impose greater restrictions on digital billboards due to alleged concerns over aesthetics or driver safety.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Risks Related to Our Business

Our results have been in the past, and could be in the future, adversely affected by economic uncertainty or deteriorations in economic conditions

Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting economic conditions and budgeting and buying patterns. Periods of a slowing economy or recession, or periods of economic uncertainty, may be accompanied by a decrease in advertising. The global economic downturn that began in 2008 resulted in a decline in advertising and marketing by our customers, which resulted in a decline in advertising revenues across our businesses. This reduction in advertising revenues had an adverse effect on our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity. Although we believe that global economic conditions are improving, economic conditions remain uncertain. If economic conditions do not continue to improve, economic uncertainty increases or economic conditions deteriorate again, global economic conditions may once again adversely impact our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity. Furthermore, because a significant portion of our revenue is derived from local advertisers, our ability to generate revenues in specific markets is directly affected by local and regional conditions, and unfavorable regional economic conditions also may adversely impact our results. In addition, even in the absence of a downturn in general economic conditions, an individual business sector or market may experience a downturn, causing it to reduce its advertising expenditures, which also may adversely impact our results.

We performed impairment tests on our goodwill and other intangible assets during the fourth quarter of 2011 and 2010 and recorded non-cash impairment charges of $7.6 million and $15.4 million, respectively. Additionally, we performed impairment tests in 2008 and 2009 on our indefinite-lived assets and goodwill and, as a result of the global economic downturn and the corresponding reduction in our revenues, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $5.3 billion and $4.1 billion, respectively. Although we believe we have made reasonable estimates and used appropriate assumptions to calculate the fair value of our licenses, billboard permits and reporting units, it is possible a material change could occur. If actual market conditions and operational performance for the respective reporting units underlying the intangible assets were to deteriorate, or if facts and circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the estimated fair value of the indefinite-lived assets or goodwill for these reporting units below their adjusted carrying amounts, we may also be required to recognize additional impairment charges in future periods, which could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

To service our debt obligations and to fund capital expenditures, we will require a significant amount of cash to meet our needs, which depends on many factors beyond our control

Our ability to service our debt obligations and to fund capital expenditures will require a significant amount of cash. Our primary source of liquidity is cash flow from operations. Based on our current and anticipated levels of operations and conditions in our markets, we believe that cash on hand as well as cash flow from operations will enable us to meet our working capital, capital expenditure, debt service and other funding requirements for at least the next twelve months. However, our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt service and other obligations and to comply with the financial covenant under Clear Channel’s financing agreements depends on our future operating performance and cash flow, which are in turn subject to prevailing economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If our future operating performance does not meet our expectation or our plans materially change in an adverse manner or prove to be materially inaccurate, we may need additional financing. In addition, the purchase price of possible acquisitions, capital expenditures for deployment of digital billboards and/or other strategic initiatives could require additional indebtedness or equity financing on our part. Adverse securities and credit market conditions, such as those experienced during 2008 and 2009, could significantly affect the availability of equity or credit financing. Consequently, there can be no assurance that such financing, if permitted under the terms of Clear Channel’s financing agreements, will be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. The inability to obtain additional financing in such circumstances could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and on our ability to meet Clear Channel’s obligations or pursue strategic initiatives. Additional indebtedness could increase our leverage and make us more vulnerable to economic downturns and may limit our ability to withstand competitive pressures.

Downgrades in our credit ratings may adversely affect our borrowing costs, limit our financing options, reduce our flexibility under future financings and adversely affect our liquidity, and also may adversely impact our business operations

Our and Clear Channel’s corporate credit ratings by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and Moody’s Investors Service are speculative-grade and have been downgraded and upgraded at various times during the past several years. Any reductions in our credit ratings could increase our borrowing costs, reduce the availability of financing to us or increase the cost of doing business or otherwise negatively impact our business operations.

Our financial performance may be adversely affected by many factors beyond our control

Certain factors that could adversely affect our financial performance by, among other things, leading to decreases in overall revenues, the numbers of advertising customers, advertising fees, or profit margins include:

unfavorable economic conditions, which may cause companies to reduce their expenditures on advertising;

an increased level of competition for advertising dollars, which may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or which may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match;

unfavorable fluctuations in operating costs, which we may be unwilling or unable to pass through to our customers;

technological changes and innovations that we are unable to successfully adopt or are late in adopting that offer more attractive advertising or listening alternatives than what we offer, which may lead to a loss of advertising customers or to lower advertising rates;

the impact of potential new royalties charged for terrestrial radio broadcasting, which could materially increase our expenses;

other changes in governmental regulations and policies and actions of regulatory bodies, which could increase our taxes or other costs, restrict the advertising media that we employ or restrict some or all of our customers that operate in regulated areas from using certain advertising media or from advertising at all;

unfavorable shifts in population and other demographics, which may cause us to lose advertising customers as people migrate to markets where we have a smaller presence or which may cause advertisers to be willing to pay less in advertising fees if the general population shifts into a less desirable age or geographical demographic from an advertising perspective; and

unfavorable changes in labor conditions, which may impair our ability to operate or require us to spend more to retain and attract key employees.

We face intense competition in our media and entertainment and our outdoor advertising businesses

We operate in a highly competitive industry, and we may not be able to maintain or increase our current audience ratings and advertising and sales revenues. Our media and entertainment and our outdoor advertising businesses compete for audiences and advertising revenues with other media and entertainment businesses and outdoor advertising businesses, as well as with other media, such as newspapers, magazines, television, direct mail, iPods, smart mobile phones, satellite radio and Internet-based media, within their respective markets. Audience ratings and market shares are subject to change, which could have the effect of reducing our revenues in that market. Our competitors may develop services or advertising media that are equal or superior to those we provide or that achieve greater market acceptance and brand recognition than we achieve. It also is possible that new competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share in any of our business segments. An increased level of competition for advertising dollars may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match.

New technologies may increase competition with our broadcasting operations

Our terrestrial radio broadcasting operations face increasing competition from new technologies, such as broadband wireless, satellite radio, audio broadcasting by cable television systems and Internet-based audio music services, as well as new consumer products, such as portable digital audio players, smart mobile phones and other mobile applications. These new technologies and alternative media platforms, including the new technologies and media platforms used by us, compete with our radio stations for audience share and advertising revenues. We are unable to predict the effect that such technologies and related services and products will have on our broadcasting operations, but the capital expenditures necessary to implement these or other new technologies could be substantial. We cannot assure you that we will continue to have the resources to acquire new technologies or to introduce new services to compete with other new technologies or services, or that our investments in new technologies or services will provide the desired returns. Other companies employing such new technologies or services could more successfully implement such new technologies or services or otherwise increase competition with our businesses.

Our business is dependent upon the performance of on-air talent and program hosts

We employ or independently contract with many on-air personalities and hosts of syndicated radio programs with significant loyal audiences in their respective markets. Although we have entered into long-term agreements with some of our key on-air talent and program hosts to protect our interests in those relationships, we can give no assurance that all or any of these persons will remain with us or will retain their audiences. Competition for these individuals is intense and many of these individuals are under no legal obligation to remain with us. Our competitors may choose to extend offers to any of these individuals on terms which we may be unwilling to meet. Furthermore, the popularity and audience loyalty of our key on-air talent and program hosts is highly sensitive to rapidly changing public tastes. A loss of such popularity or audience loyalty is beyond our control and could have a material adverse effect on our ability to attract local and/or national advertisers and on our revenue and/or ratings, and could result in increased expenses.

Our business is dependent on our management team and other key individuals

Our business is dependent upon the performance of our management team and other key individuals. A number of key individuals have joined us over the past two years, including Robert W. Pittman, who became our Chief Executive Officer on October 2, 2011. Although we have entered into agreements with some members of our management team and certain other key individuals, we can give no assurance that all or any of our management team and other key individuals will remain with us. Competition for these individuals is intense and many of our key employees are at-will employees who are under no legal obligation to remain with us, and may decide to leave for a variety of personal or other reasons beyond our control. If members of our management or key individuals decide to leave us in the future, or if we are not successful in attracting, motivating and retaining other key employees, our business could be adversely affected.

Extensive current government regulation, and future regulation, may limit our radio broadcasting and other media and entertainment operations or adversely affect our business and financial results

Congress and several federal agencies, including the FCC, extensively regulate the domestic radio industry. For example, the FCC could impact our profitability by imposing large fines on us if, in response to pending complaints, it finds that we broadcast indecent programming. Additionally, we cannot be sure that the FCC will approve renewal of the licenses we must have in order to operate our stations. Nor can we be assured that our licenses will be renewed without conditions and for a full term. The non-renewal, or conditioned renewal, of a substantial number of our FCC licenses, could have a materially adverse impact on our operations. Furthermore, possible changes in interference protections, spectrum allocations and other technical rules may negatively affect the operation of our stations. For example, in January 2011 a law that eliminates certain minimum distance separation requirements between full-power and low-power FM radio stations was enacted, which could lead to increased interference between our stations and low-power FM stations. In March 2011 the FCC adopted policies which, in certain circumstances, could make it more difficult for radio stations to relocate to increase their population coverage. In addition, Congress, the FCC and other regulatory agencies have considered, and may in the future consider and adopt, new laws, regulations and policies that could, directly or indirectly, have an adverse effect on our business operations and financial performance. In particular, Congress is considering legislation that would impose an obligation upon all U.S. broadcasters to pay performing artists a royalty for use of their sound recordings (this would be in addition to payments already made by broadcasters to owners of musical work rights, such as songwriters, composers and publishers). We cannot predict whether this or other legislation affecting our media and entertainment business will be adopted. Such legislation could have a material impact on our operations and financial results. Finally, various regulatory matters relating to our media and entertainment business are now, or may become, the subject of court litigation, and we cannot predict the outcome of any such litigation or its impact on our business.

Government regulation of outdoor advertising may restrict our outdoor advertising operations

U.S. Federal, state and local regulations have a significant impact on the outdoor advertising industry and our business. One of the seminal laws is the HBA, which regulates outdoor advertising on Federal-Aid Primary, Interstate and National Highway Systems’ roads in the United States. The HBA regulates the size and location of billboards, mandates a state compliance program, requires the development of state standards, promotes the expeditious removal of illegal signs and requires just compensation for takings. Construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, upgrading, height, size, spacing, the location and permitting of billboards and the use of new technologies for changing displays, such as digital displays, are regulated by federal, state and local governments. From time to time, states and municipalities have prohibited or significantly limited the construction of new outdoor advertising structures. Changes in laws and

regulations affecting outdoor advertising at any level of government, including laws of the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate, could have a significant financial impact on us by requiring us to make significant expenditures or otherwise limiting or restricting some of our operations. Due to such regulations, it has become increasingly difficult to develop new outdoor advertising locations.

From time to time, certain state and local governments and third parties have attempted to force the removal of our displays under various state and local laws, including zoning ordinances, permit enforcement, condemnation and amortization. Amortization is the attempted forced removal of legal non-conforming billboards (billboards which conformed with applicable laws and regulations when built, but which do not conform to current laws and regulations) or the commercial advertising placed on such billboards after a period of years. Pursuant to this concept, the governmental body asserts that just compensation is earned by continued operation of the billboard over time. Amortization is prohibited along all controlled roads and generally prohibited along non-controlled roads. Amortization has, however, been upheld along non-controlled roads in limited instances where provided by state and local law. Other regulations limit our ability to rebuild, replace, repair, maintain and upgrade non-conforming displays. In addition, from time to time third parties or local governments assert that we own or operate displays that either are not properly permitted or otherwise are not in strict compliance with applicable law. For example, court rulings have upheld regulations in the City of New York that have impacted our displays in certain areas within the city. Such regulations and allegations have not had a material impact on our results of operations to date, but if we are increasingly unable to resolve such allegations or obtain acceptable arrangements in circumstances in which our displays are subject to removal, modification or amortization, or if there occurs an increase in such regulations or their enforcement, our operating results could suffer.

A number of state and local governments have implemented or initiated taxes, fees and registration requirements in an effort to decrease or restrict the number of outdoor signs and/or to raise revenue. From time to time, legislation also has been introduced in foreign jurisdictions attempting to impose taxes on revenue from outdoor advertising or for the right to use outdoor advertising assets. In addition, a number of jurisdictions, including the City of Los Angeles, have implemented legislation or interpreted existing legislation to restrict or prohibit the installation of new digital billboards. While these measures have not had a material impact on our business and financial results to date, we expect these efforts to continue. The increased imposition of these measures, and our inability to overcome any such measures, could reduce our operating income if those outcomes require removal or restrictions on the use of preexisting displays. In addition, if we are unable to pass on the cost of these items to our clients, our operating income could be adversely affected.

International regulation of the outdoor advertising industry can vary by municipality, region and country, but generally limits the size, placement, nature and density of out-of-home displays. Other regulations limit the subject matter and language of out-of-home displays. Our failure to comply with these or any future international regulations could have an adverse impact on the effectiveness of our displays or their attractiveness to clients as an advertising medium and may require us to make significant expenditures to ensure compliance. As a result, we may experience a significant impact on our operations, revenue, international client base and overall financial condition.

Additional restrictions on outdoor advertising of tobacco, alcohol and other products may further restrict the categories of clients that can advertise using our products

Out-of-court settlements between the major U.S. tobacco companies and all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and four other U.S. territories include a ban on the outdoor advertising of tobacco products. Other products and services may be targeted in the U.S. in the future, including alcohol products. Most European Union countries, among other nations, also have banned outdoor advertisements for tobacco products and legislation regulating alcohol advertising has been introduced in a number of European countries in which we conduct business and could have a similar impact. Any significant reduction in alcohol-related advertising or advertising of other products due to content-related restrictions could cause a reduction in our direct revenues from such advertisements and an increase in the available space on the existing inventory of billboards in the outdoor advertising industry.

Environmental, health, safety and land use laws and regulations may limit or restrict some of our operations

As the owner or operator of various real properties and facilities, especially in our outdoor advertising operations, we must comply with various foreign, federal, state and local environmental, health, safety and land use laws and regulations. We and our properties are subject to such laws and regulations relating to the use, storage, disposal, emission and release of hazardous and non-hazardous substances and employee health and safety as well as zoning restrictions. Historically, we have not incurred significant expenditures to comply with these laws. However, additional laws which may be passed in the future, or a finding of a violation of or liability under existing laws, could require us to make significant expenditures and otherwise limit or restrict some of our operations.

Doing business in foreign countries exposes us to certain risks not found when doing business in the United States

Doing business in foreign countries carries with it certain risks that are not found when doing business in the United States. These risks could result in losses against which we are not insured. Examples of these risks include:

potential adverse changes in the diplomatic relations of foreign countries with the United States;

hostility from local populations;

the adverse effect of foreign exchange controls;

government policies against businesses owned by foreigners;

investment restrictions or requirements;

expropriations of property without adequate compensation;

the potential instability of foreign governments;

the risk of insurrections;

risks of renegotiation or modification of existing agreements with governmental authorities;

difficulties collecting receivables and otherwise enforcing contracts with governmental agencies and others in some foreign legal systems;

withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries;

changes in tax structure and level; and

changes in laws or regulations or the interpretation or application of laws or regulations.

In addition, because we own assets in foreign countries and derive revenues from our International operations, we may incur currency translation losses due to changes in the values of foreign currencies and in the value of the U.S. dollar. We cannot predict the effect of exchange rate fluctuations upon future operating results.

Our International operations involve contracts with, and regulation by, foreign governments. We operate in many parts of the world that experience corruption to some degree. Although we have policies and procedures in place that are designed to promote legal and regulatory compliance (including with respect to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the United Kingdom Bribery Act 2010), our employees, subcontractors and agents could take actions that violate applicable anticorruption laws or regulations. Violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.

The success of our street furniture and transit products is dependent on our obtaining key municipal concessions, which we may not be able to obtain on favorable terms

Our street furniture and transit products businesses require us to obtain and renew contracts with municipalities and other governmental entities. Many of these contracts, which require us to participate in competitive bidding processes at each renewal, typically have terms ranging from three to 20 years and have revenue share and/or fixed payment components. Our inability to successfully negotiate, renew or complete these contracts due to governmental demands and delay and the highly competitive bidding processes for these contracts could affect our ability to offer these products to our clients, or to offer them to our clients at rates that are competitive to other forms of advertising, without adversely affecting our financial results.

Future acquisitions and other strategic transactions could pose risks

We frequently evaluate strategic opportunities both within and outside our existing lines of business. We expect from time to time to pursue additional acquisitions and may decide to dispose of certain businesses. These acquisitions or dispositions could be material. Our acquisition strategy involves numerous risks, including:

our acquisitions may prove unprofitable and fail to generate anticipated cash flows;

to successfully manage our large portfolio of media and entertainment, outdoor advertising and other businesses, we may need to:

recruit additional senior management as we cannot be assured that senior management of acquired businesses will continue to work for us and we cannot be certain that any of our recruiting efforts will succeed, and

expand corporate infrastructure to facilitate the integration of our operations with those of acquired businesses, because failure to do so may cause us to lose the benefits of any expansion that we decide to undertake by leading to disruptions in our ongoing businesses or by distracting our management;

we may enter into markets and geographic areas where we have limited or no experience;

we may encounter difficulties in the integration of operations and systems; and

our management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns.

Additional acquisitions by us of media and entertainment businesses and outdoor advertising businesses may require antitrust review by federal antitrust agencies and may require review by foreign antitrust agencies under the antitrust laws of foreign jurisdictions. We can give no assurances that the DOJ, the FTC or foreign antitrust agencies will not seek to bar us from acquiring additional media and entertainment businesses or outdoor advertising businesses in any market where we already have a significant position. The DOJ actively reviews proposed acquisitions of media and entertainment businesses and outdoor advertising businesses. In addition, the antitrust laws of foreign jurisdictions will apply if we acquire international outdoor or media and entertainment businesses. Further, radio acquisitions by us are subject to FCC approval. Such acquisitions must comply with the Communications Act and FCC regulatory requirements and policies, including with respect to the number of broadcast facilities in which a person or entity may have an ownership or attributable interest, in a given local market, and the level of interest that may be held by a foreign individual or entity. The FCC’s media ownership rules remain subject to ongoing agency and court proceedings. Future changes could restrict our ability to acquire new radio assets or businesses.

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock

The market price and trading volume of our Class A common stock may be volatile

The market price of our Class A common stock could fluctuate significantly for many reasons, including, without limitation:

as a result of the risk factors listed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K;

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;

reasons unrelated to operating performance, such as reports by industry analysts, investor perceptions, or negative announcements by our customers or competitors regarding their own performance;

regulatory changes that could impact our business; and

general economic and industry conditions.

Shares of our Class A common stock are quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board. The lack of an active market may impair the ability of holders of our Class A common stock to sell their shares of Class A common stock at the time they wish to sell them or at a price that they consider reasonable. The lack of an active market may also reduce the fair market value of the shares of our Class A common stock.

There is no assurance that holders of our Class A common stock will ever receive cash dividends

We have never paid cash dividends on our Class A common stock, and there is no guarantee that we will ever pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock in the future. The terms of our credit facilities and other debt restrict our ability to pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock. In addition to those restrictions, under Delaware law, we are permitted to pay cash dividends on our capital stock only out of our surplus, which in general terms means the excess of our net assets over the original aggregate par value of our stock. In the event we have no surplus, we are permitted to pay these cash dividends out of our net profits for the year in which the dividend is declared or in the immediately preceding year. Accordingly, there is no guarantee that, if we wish to pay cash dividends, we would be able to do so pursuant to Delaware law. Also, even if we are not prohibited from paying cash dividends by the terms of our debt or by law, other factors such as the need to reinvest cash back into our operations may prompt our Board of Directors to elect not to pay cash dividends.

Significant equity investors control us and may have conflicts of interest with us in the future

Private equity funds sponsored by or co-investors with Bain Capital and THL currently indirectly control us through their ownership of all of our outstanding shares of Class B common stock and Class C common stock, which collectively represent approximately 72% of the voting power of all of our outstanding capital stock. As a result, Bain Capital and THL have the power to elect all but two of our directors (and, in addition, the Company has agreed that each of Mark P. Mays and Randall T. Mays shall serve as directors of the Company pursuant to the terms of their respective amended and restated employment agreements), appoint new management and approve any action requiring the approval of the holders of our capital stock, including adopting any amendments to our third amended and restated certificate of incorporation, and approving mergers or sales of substantially all of our capital stock or assets. The directors elected by Bain Capital and THL will have significant authority to make decisions affecting us, including the issuance of additional capital stock, change in control transactions, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the implementation of stock repurchase programs and the decision of whether or not to declare dividends.

In addition, Bain Capital and THL are lenders under Clear Channel’s term loan credit facilities. It is possible that their interests in some circumstances may conflict with our interests and the interests of other stockholders.

Additionally, Bain Capital and THL are in the business of making investments in companies and may acquire and hold interests in businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us. One or more of the entities advised by or affiliated with Bain Capital and/or THL may also pursue acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business and, as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. So long as entities advised by or affiliated with Bain Capital and THL directly or indirectly own a significant amount of the voting power of our capital stock, even if such amount is less than 50%, Bain Capital and THL will continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively control our decisions.

We may terminate our Exchange Act reporting, if permitted by applicable law

If at any time our Class A common stock is held by fewer than 300 holders of record, we will be permitted to cease to be a reporting company under the Exchange Act to the extent we are not otherwise required to continue to report pursuant to any contractual agreements, including with respect to any of our indebtedness. If we were to cease filing reports under the Exchange Act, the information now available to our stockholders in the annual, quarterly and other reports we currently file with the SEC would not be available to them as a matter of right.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

Our subsidiary, Clear Channel, may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of its indebtedness and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy its obligations under its indebtedness, which may not be successful

We have a substantial amount of indebtedness. At December 31, 2011, we had $20.2 billion of total indebtedness outstanding, including: (1) $11.5 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding under Clear Channel’s term loan credit facilities and delayed draw credit facilities, which obligations mature at various dates from 2014 through 2016; (2) $1.3 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding under Clear Channel’s revolving credit facility, which will be available through July 2014, at which time all outstanding principal amounts under the revolving credit facility will be due and payable; (3) $1.7 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding of Clear Channel’s priority guarantee notes, net of $44.6 million of unamortized discounts, which mature March 2021; (4) $31.0 million aggregate principal amount of other secured debt; (5) $796.3 million and $829.8 million outstanding of Clear Channel’s senior cash pay notes and senior toggles notes, respectively, which mature August 2016; (6) $1.5 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding of Clear Channel’s senior notes, net of unamortized purchase accounting discounts of $469.8 million, which mature at various dates from 2012 through 2027; (7) $2.5 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding of subsidiary senior notes; and (8) other long-term obligations of $19.9 million. This large amount of indebtedness could have negative consequences for us, including, without limitation:

requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow to the payment of principal and interest on indebtedness, thereby reducing cash available for other purposes, including to fund operations and capital expenditures, invest in new technology and pursue other business opportunities;

limiting our liquidity and operational flexibility and limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes;

limiting our ability to adjust to changing economic, business and competitive conditions;

requiring us to defer planned capital expenditures, reduce discretionary spending, sell assets, restructure existing indebtedness or defer acquisitions or other strategic opportunities;

limiting our ability to refinance any of the indebtedness or increasing the cost of any such financing in any downturn in our operating performance or decline in general economic conditions;

making us more vulnerable to an increase in interest rates, a downturn in our operating performance or a decline in general economic or industry conditions; and

making us more susceptible to changes in credit ratings, which could impact our ability to obtain financing in the future and increase the cost of such financing.

If compliance with Clear Channel’s debt obligations materially hinders our ability to operate our business and adapt to changing industry conditions, we may lose market share, our revenue may decline and our operating results may suffer. The terms of Clear Channel’s credit facilities and other indebtedness allow us, under certain conditions, to incur further indebtedness, including secured indebtedness, which heightens the foregoing risks.

Clear Channel’s ability to make scheduled payments on its debt obligations depends on its financial condition and operating performance, which is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business and other factors beyond its or our control. In addition, because Clear Channel derives a substantial portion of its operating income from its subsidiaries, Clear Channel’s ability to repay its debt depends upon the performance of its subsidiaries and their ability to dividend or distribute funds to Clear Channel. Clear Channel may not be able to maintain a level of cash flows sufficient to permit it to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on its indebtedness.

For the year ended December 31, 2011, Clear Channel’s earnings were not sufficient to cover fixed charges by $402.4 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2010, Clear Channel’s earnings were not sufficient to cover fixed charges by $617.5 million.

If Clear Channel’s cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund its debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets or operations, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance the indebtedness. We may not be able to take any of these actions, and these actions may not be successful or permit Clear Channel to meet the scheduled debt service obligations. Furthermore, these actions may not be permitted under the terms of existing or future debt agreements.

The ability to restructure or refinance Clear Channel’s debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of the debt could be at higher interest rates and increase Clear Channel’s debt service obligations and may require us and Clear Channel to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. The terms of existing or future debt instruments may restrict us from adopting some of these alternatives. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us or Clear Channel to meet scheduled debt service obligations. If we or Clear Channel cannot make scheduled payments on indebtedness, it will be in default under one or more of the debt agreements and, as a result we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation.

The documents governing Clear Channel’s indebtedness contain restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business

Clear Channel’s material financing agreements, including its credit agreements and indentures, contain various covenants restricting, among other things, our ability to:

make acquisitions or investments;

make loans or otherwise extend credit to others;

incur indebtedness or issue shares or guarantees;

create liens;

sell, lease, transfer or dispose of assets;

merge or consolidate with other companies; and

make a substantial change to the general nature of our business.

In addition, under Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities, Clear Channel is required to comply with certain affirmative covenants and certain specified financial covenants and ratios. For instance, Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities require it to comply on a quarterly basis with a financial covenant limiting the ratio of its consolidated secured debt, net of cash and cash equivalents, to its consolidated EBITDA (as defined under the terms of the senior secured credit facilities) for the preceding four quarters.

The restrictions contained in Clear Channel’s credit agreements and indentures could affect our ability to operate our business and may limit our ability to react to market conditions or take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise. For example, such restrictions could adversely affect our ability to finance our operations, make strategic acquisitions, investments or alliances, restructure our organization or finance our capital needs. Additionally, the ability to comply with these covenants and restrictions may be affected by events beyond Clear Channel’s or our control. These include prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. If any of these covenants or restrictions are breached, Clear Channel could be in default under the agreements governing its indebtedness, and as a result we would be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation.

Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. Except for the historical information, this report contains various forward-looking statements which represent our expectations or beliefs concerning future events, including, without limitation, our future operating and financial performance, our ability to comply with the covenants in the agreements governing our

indebtedness and the availability of capital and the terms thereof. Statements expressing expectations and projections with respect to future matters are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We caution that these forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties and are subject to many variables which could impact our future performance. These statements are made on the basis of management’s views and assumptions, as of the time the statements are made, regarding future events and performance. There can be no assurance, however, that management’s expectations will necessarily come to pass. We do not intend, nor do we undertake any duty, to update any forward-looking statements.

A wide range of factors could materially affect future developments and performance, including:

the impact of our substantial indebtedness, including the effect of our leverage on our financial position and earnings;

the need to allocate significant amounts of our cash flow to make payments on our indebtedness, which in turn could reduce our financial flexibility and ability to fund other activities;

risks associated with a global economic downturn and its impact on capital markets;

other general economic and political conditions in the United States and in other countries in which we currently do business, including those resulting from recessions, political events and acts or threats of terrorism or military conflicts;

industry conditions, including competition;

the level of expenditures on advertising;

legislative or regulatory requirements;

fluctuations in operating costs;

technological changes and innovations;

changes in labor conditions, including on-air talent, program hosts and management;

capital expenditure requirements;

risks of doing business in foreign countries;

fluctuations in exchange rates and currency values;

the outcome of pending and future litigation;

changes in interest rates;

taxes and tax disputes;

shifts in population and other demographics;

access to capital markets and borrowed indebtedness;

our ability to implement our business strategies;

the risk that we may not be able to integrate the operations of acquired businesses successfully;

the risk that our cost savings initiatives may not be entirely successful or that any cost savings achieved from those initiatives may not persist; and

certain other factors set forth in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

This list of factors that may affect future performance and the accuracy of forward-looking statements is illustrative and is not intended to be exhaustive. Accordingly, all forward-looking statements should be evaluated with the understanding of their inherent uncertainty.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Corporate

Our corporate headquarters and executive offices are located in San Antonio, Texas, where we own an approximately 55,000 square foot executive office building and an approximately 123,000 square foot data and administrative service center. In addition, certain of our executive and other operations are located in New York, New York.

CCME

Our CCME executive operations are located in our corporate headquarters in San Antonio, Texas and in New York, New York. The types of properties required to support each of our radio stations include offices, studios, transmitter sites and antenna sites. We either own or lease our transmitter and antenna sites. These leases generally have expiration dates that range from five to 15 years. A radio station’s studios are generally housed with its offices in downtown or business districts. A radio station’s transmitter sites and antenna sites are generally located in a manner that provides maximum market coverage.

Americas Outdoor and International Outdoor Advertising

The headquarters of our Americas outdoor operations is in Phoenix, Arizona, and the headquarters of our International outdoor operations is in London, England. The types of properties required to support each of our outdoor advertising branches include offices, production facilities and structure sites. An outdoor branch and production facility is generally located in an industrial or warehouse district.

With respect to each of the Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments, we primarily lease our outdoor display sites and own or have acquired permanent easements for relatively few parcels of real property that serve as the sites for our outdoor displays. Our leases generally range from month-to-month to year-to-year and can be for terms of 10 years or longer, and many provide for renewal options.

There is no significant concentration of displays under any one lease or subject to negotiation with any one landlord. We believe that an important part of our management activity is to negotiate suitable lease renewals and extensions.

Consolidated

The studios and offices of our radio stations and outdoor advertising branches are located in leased or owned facilities. These leases generally have expiration dates that range from one to 40 years. We do not anticipate any difficulties in renewing those leases that expire within the next several years or in leasing other space, if required. We own substantially all of the equipment used in our CCME and outdoor advertising businesses. For additional information regarding our CCME and outdoor properties, see “Item 1. Business.”

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We currently are involved in certain legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business and, as required, have accrued an estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of those claims for which the occurrence of loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These estimates have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies related to these proceedings. Additionally, due to the inherent uncertainty of litigation, there can be no assurance that the resolution of any particular claim or proceeding would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Certain of our subsidiaries are co-defendants with Live Nation (which was spun off as an independent company in December 2005) in 22 putative class actions filed by different named plaintiffs in various district courts throughout the country beginning in May 2006. These actions generally allege that the defendants monopolized or attempted to monopolize the market for “live rock concerts” in violation of Section 2 of the Sherman Act. Plaintiffs claim that they paid higher ticket prices for defendants’ “rock concerts” as a result of defendants’ conduct. They seek damages in an undetermined amount. On April 17, 2006, the Judicial Panel for Multidistrict Litigation centralized these class action proceedings in the Central District of California. The district court has certified classes in five “template” cases involving five regional markets: Los Angeles, Boston, New York City, Chicago and Denver. Discovery has closed, and dispositive motions have been filed.

In the Master Separation and Distribution Agreement between one of our subsidiaries and Live Nation that was entered into in connection with the spin-off of Live Nation in December 2005, Live Nation agreed, among other things, to assume responsibility for legal actions existing at the time of, or initiated after, the spin-off in which we are a defendant if such actions relate in any material respect to the business of Live Nation. Pursuant to the Agreement, Live Nation also agreed to indemnify us with respect to all liabilities assumed by Live Nation, including those pertaining to the claims discussed above.

On or about July 12, 2006 and April 12, 2007, two of our operating businesses (L&C Outdoor Ltda. (“L&C”) and Publicidad Klimes São Paulo Ltda. (“Klimes”), respectively) in the São Paulo, Brazil market received notices of infraction from the state taxing authority, seeking to impose a value added tax (“VAT”) on such businesses, retroactively for the period from December 31, 2001 through January 31, 2006. The taxing authority contends that these businesses fall within the definition of “communication services” and as such are subject to the VAT.

L&C and Klimes have filed separate petitions to challenge the imposition of this tax. L&C’s challenge in the administrative courts was unsuccessful at the first level, but successful at the second administrative level. The state taxing authority filed an appeal to the third and final administrative level, which required consideration by a full panel of 16 administrative law judges. On September 27, 2010, L&C received an unfavorable ruling at this final administrative level, which concluded that the VAT applied. On December 15, 2011, a Special Chamber of the administrative court considered the reasonableness of the amount of the penalty assessed against L&C and significantly reduced the penalty. With the reduction, the amounts allegedly owed by L&C are approximately $8.6 million in taxes, approximately $4.3 million in penalties and approximately $18.4 million in interest (as of December 31, 2011 at an exchange rate of 0.534). On January 27, 2012, L&C filed a writ of mandamus in the 8th lower public treasury court in São Paulo, State of São Paulo, appealing the administrative court’s decision that the VAT applies. On that same day, L&C filed a motion for an injunction barring the taxing authority from collecting the tax, penalty and interest while the appeal is pending. The court denied the motion on January 30, 2012. L&C filed a motion for reconsideration, and in early February 2012, the court granted that motion and issued an injunction.

Klimes’ challenge was unsuccessful at the first level of the administrative courts, and denied at the second administrative level on or about September 24, 2009. On January 5, 2011, the administrative law judges at the third administrative level published a ruling that the VAT applies but significantly reduced the penalty assessed by the taxing authority. With the penalty reduction, the amounts allegedly owed by Klimes are approximately $9.7 million in taxes, approximately $4.8 million in penalties and approximately $20.1 million in interest (as of December 31, 2011 at an exchange rate of 0.534). In late February 2011, Klimes filed a writ of mandamus in the 13th lower public treasury court in São Paulo, State of São Paulo, appealing the administrative court’s decision that the VAT applies. On that same day, Klimes filed a motion for an injunction barring the taxing authority from collecting the tax, penalty and interest while the appeal is pending. The court denied the motion in early April 2011. Klimes filed a motion for reconsideration with the court and also appealed that ruling to the São Paulo State Higher Court, which affirmed in late April 2011. On June 20, 2011, the 13th lower public treasury court in São Paulo reconsidered its prior ruling and granted Klimes an injunction suspending any collection effort by the taxing authority until a decision on the merits is obtained at the first judicial level.

On August 8, 2011, Brazil’s National Council of Fiscal Policy (CONFAZ) published a rule authorizing a general amnesty to sixteen states, including the State of São Paulo, to reduce the principal amount of VAT allegedly owed for communications services and reduce or waive related interest and penalties. The State of São Paulo ratified the amnesty in late August 2011. However, in late 2011, the State of São Paulo decided not to pursue the general amnesty, but it has indicated that it would be willing to consider a special amnesty for the out-of-home industry. Klimes and L&C are actively exploring this opportunity but do not know whether the State ultimately will offer a special amnesty or what the terms of any special amnesty might be. Accordingly, the businesses continue to vigorously pursue their appeals in the lower public treasury court.

At December 31, 2011, the range of reasonably possible loss is from zero to approximately $31.2 million in the L&C matter and is from zero to approximately $34.6 million in the Klimes matter. The maximum loss that could ultimately be paid depends on the timing of the final resolution at the judicial level and applicable future interest rates. Based on our review of the law, the outcome of similar cases at the judicial level and the advice of counsel, we have not accrued any costs related to these claims and believe the occurrence of loss is not probable.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

The following information with respect to our executive officers is presented as of February 15, 2012:

Name

  Age  

Position

Robert W. Pittman58Chief Executive Officer and Director
Thomas W. Casey49Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
C. William Eccleshare56Chief Executive Officer—Outdoor
Scott D. Hamilton42Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary
John E. Hogan55Chairman and Chief Executive Officer—Clear Channel Media and Entertainment
Robert H. Walls, Jr.51Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

The officers named above serve until the next Board of Directors meeting immediately following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders or until their respective successors are chosen and qualified, in each case unless the officer sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified. We expect to retain the individuals named above as our executive officers at such next Board of Directors meeting immediately following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

Robert W. Pittmanwas appointed as our Chief Executive Officer and a director, as Chief Executive Officer and a director of Clear Channel and as Executive Chairman and a director of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. on October 2, 2011. Prior thereto, Mr. Pittman served as Chairman of Media and Entertainment Platforms for us and Clear Channel since November 2010. He has been a member of, and an investor in, Pilot Group Manager, LLC, Pilot Group GP, LLC, and Pilot Group LP, a private equity partnership, since April 2003, and Pilot Group II GP, LLC, and Pilot Group II LP, a private equity partnership, since 2006. Mr. Pittman was formerly Chief Operating Officer of AOL Time Warner, Inc. from May 2002 to July 2002. He also served as Co-Chief Operating Officer of AOL Time Warner, Inc. from January 2001 to May 2002, and earlier, as President and Chief Operating Officer of America Online, Inc. from February 1998 to January 2001. Mr. Pittman serves on the boards of numerous charitable organizations, including the Alliance for Lupus Research, the New York City Ballet, Public Theater, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation and the Robin Hood Foundation, where he has served as past Chairman.

Thomas W. Caseywas appointed as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., effective as of January 4, 2010. On March 31, 2011, Mr. Casey was appointed to serve in the newly-created Office of the Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., in addition to his existing offices. Mr. Casey served in the Office of the Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel until October 2, 2011, and served in the Office of the Chief Executive Officer of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. until January 24, 2012. Prior to January 4, 2010, Mr. Casey served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Washington Mutual, Inc. from November 2002 until October 2008. Washington Mutual, Inc. filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in September 2008. Prior to November 2002, Mr. Casey served as Vice President of General Electric Company and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of GE Financial Assurance since 1999.

C. William Eccleshare was appointed as Chief Executive Officer – Outdoor of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel and as Chief Executive Officer of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. on January 24, 2012. Prior thereto, he served as Chief Executive Officer—Clear Channel Outdoor—International of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel since February 17, 2011 and served as Chief Executive Officer—International of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. since September 1, 2009. Previously, he was Chairman and CEO of BBDO EMEA from 2005 to 2009. Prior thereto, he was Chairman and CEO of Young & Rubicam EMEA since 2002.

Scott D. Hamilton was appointed as our Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary, and as Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary of Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., on April 26, 2010. Previously, Mr. Hamilton served as Controller and Chief Accounting Officer of Avaya Inc. (“Avaya”), a multinational telecommunications company, from October 2008 to April 2010. Prior thereto, Mr. Hamilton served in various accounting and finance positions at Avaya, beginning in October 2004. Prior thereto, Mr. Hamilton was employed by PricewaterhouseCoopers from September 1992 until September 2004.

John E. Hoganwas appointed as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer – Clear Channel Media and Entertainment of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel on February 16, 2012. Previously, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer—Clear Channel Media and Entertainment (formerly known as Clear Channel Radio) of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel since July 30, 2008. Prior thereto, he served as the Senior Vice President and President and CEO of Radio for Clear Channel since August 2002.

Robert H. Walls, Jr.was appointed as our Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, and as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., on January 1, 2010. On March 31, 2011, Mr. Walls was appointed to serve in the newly-created Office of the Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., in addition to his existing offices. Mr. Walls served in the Office of the Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel until October 2, 2011, and served in the Office of the Chief Executive Officer of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. until January 24, 2012. Prior to January 1, 2010, Mr. Walls was a founding partner of Post Oak Energy Capital, LP and served as Managing Director through December 31, 2009, and remains an advisor to and a partner of Post Oak Energy Capital, LP. Prior thereto, Mr. Walls was Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Enron Corp., and a member of its Chief Executive Office since 2002. Prior thereto, he was Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Enron Global Assets and Services, Inc. and Deputy General Counsel of Enron Corp.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

Our Class A common shares are quoted for trading on the Over-The-Counter (“OTC”) Bulletin Board under the symbol “CCMO”. There were 343 shareholders of record as of January 31, 2012. This figure does not include an estimate of the indeterminate number of beneficial holders whose shares may be held of record by brokerage firms and clearing agencies. The following quotations obtained from the OTC Bulletin Board reflect the high and low bid prices for our Class A common stock based on inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not represent actual transactions.

   Class A
Common Stock
Market Price
         Class A
Common Stock
Market Price
 
   

High

   

Low

         

High

   

Low

 

2011

        2010    

First Quarter

  $9.00    $7.25      

First Quarter

  $4.95    $2.60  

Second Quarter

   9.83     6.00      

Second Quarter

   16.00     4.20  

Third Quarter

   8.50     5.00      

Third Quarter

   8.00     5.00  

Fourth Quarter

   6.50     4.00      

Fourth Quarter

   11.00     6.00  

There is no established public trading market for our Class B and Class C common stock. There were 555,556 Class B common shares and 58,967,502 Class C common shares outstanding on January 31, 2012. All of our outstanding shares of Class B common stock are held by Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC and all of our outstanding shares of Class C common stock are held by Clear Channel Capital V, L.P.

Dividend Policy

We currently do not intend to pay regular quarterly cash dividends on the shares of our common stock. We have not declared any dividend on our common stock since our incorporation. We are a holding company with no independent operations and no significant assets other than the stock of our subsidiaries. We, therefore, are dependent on the receipt of dividends or other distributions from our subsidiaries to pay dividends. In addition, Clear Channel’s debt financing arrangements include restrictions on its ability to pay dividends, which in turn affects our ability to pay dividends. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations- Liquidity and Capital Resources- Sources of Capital” and Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Sales of Unregistered Securities

We did not sell any equity securities during 2011 that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933.

Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table sets forth the purchases made during the quarter ended December 31, 2011 by us or on our behalf or by or on behalf of an affiliated purchaser of shares of our Class A common stock registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act:

Period

Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
Average
Price Paid
per Share
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased Under
the Plans or Programs
October 1 through October 31—  —  —  (1)
November 1 through November 30—  —  —  (1)
December 1 through December 31—  —  —  (1)

Total—  —  —  $    83,627,310 (1)

(1)

On August 9, 2010, Clear Channel announced that its board of directors approved a stock purchase program under which Clear Channel or its subsidiaries may purchase up to an aggregate of $100 million of our Class A common stock and/or the Class A common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., an

indirect subsidiary of Clear Channel. No shares of our Class A common stock were purchased under the stock purchase program during the three months ended December 31, 2011. However, during the three months ended December 31, 2011, a subsidiary of Clear Channel purchased $5,749,343 of the Class A common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (555,721 shares) through open market purchases, which, together with previous purchases under the program, leaves an aggregate of $83,627,310 available under the stock purchase program to purchase our Class A common stock and/or the Class A common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. The stock purchase program does not have a fixed expiration date and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at Clear Channel’s discretion.

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following tables set forth our summary historical consolidated financial and other data as of the dates and for the periods indicated. The summary historical financial data are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future periods. Acquisitions and dispositions impact the comparability of the historical consolidated financial data reflected in this schedule of Selected Financial Data.

The summary historical consolidated financial and other data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto located within Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 is comprised of two periods: post-merger and pre-merger. We applied purchase accounting adjustments to the opening balance sheet on July 31, 2008 as the merger occurred at the close of business on July 30, 2008. The merger resulted in a new basis of accounting beginning on July 31, 2008.

(In thousands)  For the Years Ended December 31, 
   2011
Post-Merger
  2010
Post-Merger
  2009
Post-Merger
  2008
Combined
  2007(1)
Pre-Merger
 

Results of Operations Data:

      

Revenue

  $6,161,352   $5,865,685   $5,551,909   $6,688,683   $6,921,202  

Operating expenses:

      

Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   2,504,036    2,381,647    2,529,454    2,836,082    2,672,852  

Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   1,617,258    1,570,212    1,520,402    1,897,608    1,822,091  

Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   227,096    284,042    253,964    227,945    181,504  

Depreciation and amortization

   763,306    732,869    765,474    696,830    566,627  

Merger expenses

               155,769    6,762  

Impairment charges(2)

   7,614    15,364    4,118,924    5,268,858      

Other operating income (expense) – net

   12,682    (16,710  (50,837  28,032    14,113  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

   1,054,724    864,841    (3,687,146  (4,366,377  1,685,479  

Interest expense

   1,466,246    1,533,341    1,500,866    928,978    451,870  

Gain (loss) on marketable securities

   (4,827  (6,490  (13,371  (82,290  6,742  

Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates

   26,958    5,702    (20,689  100,019    35,176  

Other income (expense) – net

   (4,616  46,455    679,716    126,393    5,326  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes and discontinued operations

   (394,007  (622,833  (4,542,356  (5,151,233  1,280,853  

Income tax benefit (expense)

   125,978    159,980    493,320    524,040    (441,148
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income (loss) before discontinued operations

   (268,029  (462,853  (4,049,036  (4,627,193  839,705  

Income from discontinued operations, net(3)

   —      —      —      638,391    145,833  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Consolidated net income (loss)

   (268,029  (462,853  (4,049,036  (3,988,802  985,538  

Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest

   34,065    16,236    (14,950  16,671    47,031  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company

  $(302,094 $(479,089 $(4,034,086 $(4,005,473 $938,507  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000
  Post-Merger  Pre-Merger 
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
  For the  Five
Months
Ended

December
31,
  For  the
Seven
Months
Ended

July 30,
  For the  Year
Ended
December

31,
 
  2011  2010  2009  2008  2008  2007 (1) 

Net income (loss) per common share:

       

Basic:

       

Income (loss) attributable to the Company before discontinued operations

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.04 $0.80   $1.59  

Discontinued operations

              (0.02  1.29    0.30  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.06 $2.09   $1.89  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Diluted:

       

Income (loss) attributable to the Company before discontinued operations

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.04 $0.80   $1.59  

Discontinued operations

              (0.02  1.29    0.29  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.06 $2.09   $1.88  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Dividends declared per share

 $   $   $   $   $   $0.75  

(In thousands)  As of December 31, 
Balance Sheet Data:  2011
Post-Merger
  2010
Post-Merger
  2009
Post-Merger
  2008
Post-Merger
  2007(1)
Pre-Merger
 

Current assets

  $2,985,285   $3,603,173   $3,658,845   $2,066,555   $2,294,583  

Property, plant and equipment – net, including discontinued operations

   3,063,327    3,145,554    3,332,393    3,548,159    3,215,088  

Total assets

   16,542,039    17,460,382    18,047,101    21,125,463    18,805,528  

Current liabilities

   1,428,962    2,098,579    1,544,136    1,845,946    2,813,277  

Long-term debt, net of current maturities

   19,938,531    19,739,617    20,303,126    18,940,697    5,214,988  

Shareholders’ equity (deficit)

   (7,471,941  (7,204,686  (6,844,738  (2,916,231  9,233,851  

(1)Effective January 1, 2007, we adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, codified in ASC 740-10. In accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, the effects of adoption were accounted for as a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to the balance of retained earnings on the date of adoption. The adoption of ASC 740-10 resulted in a decrease of $0.2 million to the January 1, 2007 balance of “Retained deficit”, an increase of $101.7 million in “Other long term-liabilities” for unrecognized tax benefits and a decrease of $123.0 million in “Deferred income taxes”.

(2)We recorded non-cash impairment charges of $7.6 million and $15.4 million during 2011 and 2010, respectively. We also recorded non-cash impairment charges of $4.1 billion in 2009 and $5.3 billion in 2008 as a result of the global economic downturn which adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses. Our impairment charges are discussed more fully in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(3)Includes the results of operations of our television business, which we sold on March 14, 2008, and certain of our non-core radio stations.

ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

OVERVIEW

Format of Presentation

Management’s discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition (“MD&A”) should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related footnotes. Our discussion is presented on both a consolidated and segment basis. Our reportable operating segments are Media and Entertainment (“CCME”, formerly known as our Radio segment), Americas outdoor advertising (“Americas outdoor” or “Americas outdoor advertising”), and International outdoor advertising (“International outdoor” or “International outdoor advertising”). Our CCME segment provides media and entertainment services via broadcast and digital delivery and also includes our national syndication business. Our Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments provide outdoor advertising services in their respective geographic regions using various digital and traditional display types. Included in the “Other” segment are our media representation business, Katz Media Group, as well as other general support services and initiatives, which are ancillary to our other businesses.

We manage our operating segments primarily focusing on their operating income, while Corporate expenses, Impairment charges, Other operating income (expense) — net, Interest expense, Loss on marketable securities, Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates, Other income (expense) — net and Income tax benefit are managed on a total company basis and are, therefore, included only in our discussion of consolidated results.

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation.

CCME

Our revenue is derived primarily from selling advertising time, or spots, on our radio stations, with advertising contracts typically less than one year in duration. The programming formats of our radio stations are designed to reach audiences with targeted demographic characteristics that appeal to our advertisers. We also provide streaming content via the Internet, mobile and other digital platforms which reach national, regional and local audiences and derive revenues primarily from selling advertising time with advertising contracts similar to those used by our radio stations.

CCME management monitors average advertising rates, which are principally based on the length of the spot and how many people in a targeted audience listen to our stations, as measured by an independent ratings service. Also, our advertising rates are influenced by the time of day the advertisement airs, with morning and evening drive-time hours typically priced the highest. Management monitors yield per available minute in addition to average rates because yield allows management to track revenue performance across our inventory. Yield is measured by management in a variety of ways, including revenue earned divided by minutes of advertising sold.

Management monitors macro-level indicators to assess our CCME operations’ performance. Due to the geographic diversity and autonomy of our markets, we have a multitude of market-specific advertising rates and audience demographics. Therefore, management reviews average unit rates across each of our stations.

Management looks at our CCME operations’ overall revenue as well as the revenue from each type of advertising, including local advertising, which is sold predominately in a station’s local market, and national advertising, which is sold across multiple markets. Local advertising is sold by each radio station’s sales staff while national advertising is sold, for the most part, through our national representation firm. Local advertising, which is our largest source of advertising revenue, and national advertising revenues are tracked separately because these revenue streams have different sales forces and respond differently to changes in the economic environment. We periodically review and refine our selling structures in all markets in an effort to maximize the value of our offering to advertisers and, therefore, our revenue.

Management also looks at CCME revenue by market size. Typically, larger markets can reach larger audiences with wider demographics than smaller markets. Additionally, management reviews our share of CCME advertising revenues in markets where such information is available, as well as our share of target demographics listening to the radio in an average quarter hour. This metric gauges how well our formats are attracting and retaining listeners.

A portion of our CCME segment’s expenses vary in connection with changes in revenue. These variable expenses primarily relate to costs in our sales department, such as commissions and bad debt. Our programming and general and administrative departments incur most of our fixed costs, such as talent costs, rights fees, utilities and office salaries. We incur discretionary costs in our marketing and promotions, which we primarily use in an effort to maintain and/or increase our audience share. Lastly, we have incentive systems in each of our departments which provide for bonus payments based on specific performance metrics, including ratings, sales levels, pricing and overall profitability.

Outdoor Advertising

Our outdoor advertising revenue is derived from selling advertising space on the displays we own or operate in key markets worldwide, consisting primarily of billboards, street furniture and transit displays. Part of our long-term strategy for our outdoor advertising businesses is to pursue the technology of digital displays, including flat screens, LCDs and LEDs, as alternatives to traditional methods of displaying our clients’ advertisements. We are currently installing these technologies in certain markets, both domestically and internationally.

Management typically monitors our business by reviewing the average rates, average revenue per display, or yield, occupancy, and inventory levels of each of our display types by market.

We own the majority of our advertising displays, which typically are located on sites that we either lease or own or for which we have acquired permanent easements. Our advertising contracts with clients typically outline the number of displays reserved, the duration of the advertising campaign and the unit price per display.

The significant expenses associated with our operations include (i) direct production, maintenance and installation expenses, (ii) site lease expenses for land under our displays and (iii) revenue-sharing or minimum guaranteed amounts payable under our billboard, street furniture and transit display contracts. Our direct production, maintenance and installation expenses include costs for printing, transporting and changing the advertising copy on our displays, the related labor costs, the vinyl and paper costs, electricity costs and the costs for cleaning and maintaining our displays. Vinyl and paper costs vary according to the complexity of the advertising copy and the quantity of displays. Our site lease expenses include lease payments for use of the land under our displays, as well as any revenue-sharing arrangements or minimum guaranteed amounts payable that we may have with the landlords. The terms of our site leases and revenue-sharing or minimum guaranteed contracts generally range from one to 20 years.

Other Inventory

The balance of our display inventory consists of spectaculars, wallscapes and mall displays and wallscapes.displays. Spectaculars are customized display structures that often incorporate video, multidimensional lettering and figures, mechanical devices and moving parts and other embellishments to create special effects. The majority of our spectaculars are located in Times Square in New York City, Dundas Square and the Gardiner Expressway in Toronto, Fashion Show Mall in Las Vegas, Sunset StripMiracle Mile Shops in Los Angeles, Westgate City Center in Glendale, Arizona, the Boardwalk in Atlantic CityLas Vegas and across from the Target Center in Minneapolis. Client contracts for spectaculars typically have terms of one year or longer. We also own displays located within the common areas of malls on which our clients run advertising campaigns for periods ranging from four weeks to one year. Contracts with mall operators grant us the exclusive right to place our displays within the common areas and sell advertising on those displays. Our contracts with mall operators generally have terms ranging from five to ten years. Client contracts for mall displays typically have terms ranging from six to eight weeks. A wallscape is a display that drapes over or is suspended from the sides of buildings or other structures. Generally, wallscapes are located in high-profile areas where other types of outdoor advertising displays are limited or unavailable. Clients typically contract for individual wallscapes for extended terms.

We also own displays located within the common areas of malls on which our clients run advertising campaigns for periods ranging from four weeks to one year.

Advertising Inventory and Markets

As of December 31, 2011, we owned or operated approximately 125,000 display structures in our Americas outdoor advertising segment with operations in 48 of the 50 largest markets in the United States, including all of the 20 largest markets. Therefore, no one property is material to our overall operations. We believe that our properties are in good condition and suitable for our operations. During 2011, we conformed our methodology for counting airport displays to be consistent with the remainder of our domestic inventory.

Our displays are located on owned land, leased land or land for which we have acquired permanent easements. The majority of the advertising structures on which our displays are mounted require permits. Permits are granted for the right to operate an advertising structure as long the structure is used in compliance with the laws and regulations of the applicable jurisdiction.

Competition

The outdoor advertising industry in the Americas is fragmented, consisting of several larger companies involved in outdoor advertising, such as CBS and Lamar Advertising Company, as well as numerous smaller and local companies operating a limited number of display facesdisplays in a single market or a few local markets. We also compete with other advertising media in our respective markets, including broadcast and cable television, radio, print media, direct mail, the Internet and direct mail.

9

other forms of advertisement.


Outdoor advertising companies compete primarily based on ability to reach consumers, which is driven by location of the display.

International Outdoor Advertising

Advertising InventoryOur International outdoor business segment includes our operations in Asia, Australia and Markets
Europe, with approximately 34%, 37% and 39% of our revenue in this segment derived from France and the United Kingdom for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. As of December 31, 2008,2011, we owned or operated approximately 237,000more than 630,000 displays in our Americas Outdoor Advertising segment. The following table sets forth certain selected informationacross 30 countries.

Our International outdoor assets consist of street furniture and transit displays, billboards, mall displays, Smartbike schemes, wallscapes and other spectaculars, which we own or operate under lease agreements. Our International business is focused on metropolitan areas with regarddense populations.

Strategy

Similar to our Americas outdoor advertising, inventory,we believe International outdoor advertising has attractive industry fundamentals including a broad audience reach and a highly cost effective media for advertisers as measured by cost per thousand persons reached compared to other traditional media. Our International business focuses on the following strategies:

Promote Overall Outdoor Media Spending.Our strategy is to promote growth in outdoor advertising’s share of total media spending by leveraging our international scale and local reach. We are focusing on developing and implementing better and improved outdoor audience delivery measurement systems to provide advertisers with tools to determine how effectively their message is reaching the desired audience.

Capitalize on Product and Geographic Opportunities. We are also focused on growing our business internationally by working closely with our advertising customers and agencies in meeting their needs, and through new product offerings, optimization of our current display portfolio and selective investments targeting promising growth markets. We have continued to innovate and introduce new products in international markets listedbased on local demands. Our core business is our street furniture business and that is where we plan to focus much of our investment. We plan to continue to evaluate municipal contracts that may come up for bid and will make prudent investments where we believe we can receive attractive returns. We will also continue to invest in ordermarkets such as China, Turkey and Poland, where we believe there is high growth potential.

Continue to Deploy Digital Display Networks. Internationally, digital out-of-home displays are a dynamic medium which enables our customers to engage in real-time, tactical, topical and flexible advertising. We will continue our focused and dedicated digital strategy as we remain committed to the digital development of out-of-home communication solutions internationally. Through our new international digital brand, Clear Channel Play, we are able to offer networks of digital displays in multiple formats and multiple environments including bus shelters, airports, transit, malls and flagship locations. We seek to achieve greater consumer engagement and flexibility by delivering powerful, flexible and interactive campaigns that open up new possibilities for advertisers to engage with their designated market area (“DMA®”) region ranking (DMA® is a registered trademarktarget audiences. With digital network launches in Sweden, Belgium and the U.K. accelerating our expansion program during 2011, we had more than 2,900 digital displays in twelve countries across Europe and Asia as of Nielsen Media Research, Inc.):

                             
DMA®           Street      
Region   Billboards Furniture Transit Other Total
Rank Markets Bulletins Posters Displays Displays Displays(1) Displays
    
United States
                        
 1  New York, NY                 17,047 
 2  Los Angeles, CA                 10,689 
 3  Chicago, IL                 15,532 
 4  Philadelphia, PA                 6,214 
 5  Dallas-Ft. Worth, TX                 16,688 
 6  San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA                 10,819 
 7  Boston, MA (Manchester, NH)                 7,091 
 8  Atlanta, GA                  2,950 
 9  Washington, DC (Hagerstown, MD)                 3,914 
 10  Houston, TX            (2)     3,259 
 11  Detroit, MI                    315 
 12  Phoenix, AZ                  9,918 
 13  Tampa-St. Petersburg (Sarasota), FL                 2,439 
 14  Seattle-Tacoma, WA                  12,863 
 15  Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN                  1,978 
 16  Miami-Ft. Lauderdale, FL                 6,411 
 17  Cleveland-Akron (Canton), OH                  3,399 
 18  Denver, CO                    976 
 19  Orlando-Daytona Beach-Melbourne, FL                  4,228 
 20  Sacramento-Stockton-Modesto, CA                 2,421 
 21  St. Louis, MO                    284 
 22  Portland, OR                  1,224 
 23  Pittsburgh, PA                    104 
 24  Charlotte, NC                     12 
 25  Indianapolis, IN                  3,283 
 26  Baltimore, MD                 2,572 
 27  Raleigh-Durham (Fayetteville), NC                    1,994 
 28  San Diego, CA                  809 
 29  Nashville, TN                   648 
 30  Hartford-New Haven, CT                    340 
 31  Kansas City, KS/MO              (2)      1,169 
 32  Columbus, OH                  1,487 
 33  Salt Lake City, UT                    64 
 34  Cincinnati, OH                    12 
 35  Milwaukee, WI                 5,883 
 36  Greenville-Spartanburg, SC- Asheville, NC-Anderson, SC                    85 
 37  San Antonio, TX           (2)     7,481 
 38  West Palm Beach-Ft. Pierce, FL                  808 
 39  Grand Rapids-Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI                     300 

10

December 31, 2011.


                             
DMA®           Street      
Region   Billboards Furniture Transit Other Total
Rank Markets Bulletins Posters Displays Displays Displays(1) Displays
 41  Harrisburg-Lancaster-Lebanon-York, PA                     139 
 42  Las Vegas, NV                  13,518 
 43  Norfolk-Portsmouth-Newport News, VA                  457 
 44  Albuquerque-Santa Fe, NM                  1,377 
 45  Oklahoma City, OK                     3 
 46  Greensboro-High Point-Winston Salem, NC                     1,051 
 47  Jacksonville, FL                  987 
 48  Memphis, TN                 2,239 
 49  Austin, TX            (2)     46 
 50  Louisville, KY                    178 
 51-100  Various U.S. Cities           (2)     15,850 
 101-150  Various U.S. Cities                  4,087 
 151+  Various U.S. Cities                  2,186 
    
Non-U.S. Markets
                        
 n/a  Australia                     1,398 
 n/a  Brazil                   7,237 
 n/a  Canada                   4,392 
 n/a  Chile                    1,124 
 n/a  Mexico                   4,974 
 n/a  New Zealand                     1,607 
 n/a  Peru                 3,024 
 n/a  
Other(3)
                     3,768 
                             
    
Total Americas Displays
                      237,352 
                             
(1)Includes wallscapes, spectaculars, mall and digital displays. Our inventory includes other small displays not in the table since their contribution to our revenue is not material.
(2)We have access to additional displays through arrangements with local advertising and other companies.
(3)Includes displays in Antigua, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guam, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia and Virgin Islands.
International Outdoor Advertising
Sources of Revenue

Our International Outdoor Advertisingoutdoor segment generated 27%, 25% and 23%26% of our combined revenue in 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, respectively. International outdoor advertising revenue is derived from the sale of traditional advertising copy placed on our display inventory.inventory and electronic displays which are part of our network of digital displays. Our internationalInternational outdoor display inventory consists primarily of billboards, street furniture displays, billboards, transit displays and other out-of-home advertising displays, such as neon displays. The following table shows the approximate percentage of revenue derived from each inventory category of our International Outdoor Advertisingoutdoor segment:

             
  Year Ended December 31,
  2008 2007 2006
Billboards(1)
  35%  39%  41%
Street furniture displays  38%  37%  37%
Transit displays(2)
  9%  8%  9%
Other displays(3)
  18%  16%  13%
             
Total  100%  100%  100%
             

   Year Ended December 31, 
     2011       2010       2009   

Street furniture displays

   43%       42%       40%    

Billboards(1)

   27%       30%       32%    

Transit displays

   9%       8%       8%    

Other(2)

   21%       20%       20%    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   100%       100%       100%    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1)Includes revenue from spectacularsposters and neon displays.

(2)Includes small displays.

11


(3)Includes advertising revenue from mall displays, other small displays, and non-advertising revenue from sales of street furniture equipment, cleaning and maintenance services, operation of Smartbike schemes and production revenue.

Our International Outdoor Advertisingoutdoor segment generates revenues worldwide from local, regional and national sales. Similar to theour Americas outdoor business, advertising rates generally are based on the gross ratingratings points of a display or group of displays. The number of impressions delivered by a display, in some countries, is weighted to account for such factors as illumination, proximity to other displays and the speed and viewing angle of approaching traffic.

While location, price and availability of displays are important competitive factors, we believe that providing quality customer service and establishing strong client relationships are also critical components of sales. Our entrepreneurial culture allows local management to operate their markets as separate profit centers, encouraging customer cultivation and service.

Street Furniture Displays

Our International street furniture displays, available in traditional and digital formats, are substantially similar to their Americas street furniture counterparts, and include bus shelters, freestanding units, various types of kiosks, benches and other public structures. Internationally, contracts with municipal and transit authorities for the right to place our street furniture in the public domain and sell advertising on such street furniture typically provide for terms ranging from 10 to 15 years. The major difference between our International and Americas street furniture businesses is in the nature of the municipal contracts. In our International outdoor business, these contracts typically require us to provide the municipality with a broader range of metropolitan amenities such as bus shelters with or without advertising panels, information kiosks and public wastebaskets, as well as space for the municipality to display maps or other public information. In exchange for providing such metropolitan amenities and display space, we are authorized to sell advertising space on certain sections of the structures we erect in the public domain. Our International street furniture is typically sold to clients as network packages of multiple street furniture displays, with contract terms ranging from one to two weeks. Client contracts are also available with terms of up to one year.

Billboards

The sizes of our internationalInternational billboards are not standardized. The billboards vary in both format and size across our networks, with the majority of our internationalInternational billboards being similar in size to our posters used in our Americas outdoor business (30-sheet and 8-sheet displays). Our internationalInternational billboards are sold to clients as network packages with contract terms typically ranging from one to two weeks. Long-term client contracts are also available and typically have terms of up to one year. We lease the majority of our billboard sites from private landowners. Billboards include posters and our spectacularneon displays, and neon displays. DEFI,are available in traditional and digital formats. Defi Group SAS, our internationalInternational neon subsidiary, is a global provider of neon signs with approximately 400296 displays in more than 1516 countries worldwide. Client contracts for internationalInternational neon displays typically have terms of approximately five years.

Street Furniture Displays
     Our international street furniture displays are substantially similar to their Americas street furniture counterparts, and include bus shelters, freestanding units, public toilets, various types of kiosks and benches. Internationally, contracts with municipal and transit authorities for the right to place our street furniture in the public domain and sell advertising on such street furniture typically provide for terms ranging from 10 to 15 years. The major difference between our international and Americas street furniture businesses is in the nature of the municipal contracts. In our international outdoor business, these contracts typically require us to provide the municipality with a broader range of urban amenities such as public wastebaskets and lampposts, as well as space for the municipality to display maps or other public information. In exchange for providing such urban amenities and display space, we are authorized to sell advertising space on certain sections of the structures we erect in the public domain. Our international street furniture is typically sold to clients as network packages, with contract terms ranging from one to two weeks. Long-term client contracts are also available and typically have terms of up to one year.

Transit Displays

Our internationalInternational transit display contracts are substantially similar to their Americas transit display counterparts, and typically require us to make only a minimal initial investment and few ongoing maintenance expenditures. Contracts with public transit authorities or private transit operators typically have terms ranging from three to seven years. Our client contracts for transit displays, either traditional or digital, generally have terms ranging from one week to one year, or longer.

Other International Inventory and Services

The balance of our revenue from our International Outdoor Advertisingoutdoor segment consists primarily of advertising revenue from mall displays, other small displays and non-advertising revenue from sales of street furniture equipment, cleaning and maintenance services and production revenue. Internationally, our contracts with mall operators generally have terms ranging from five to ten years and client contracts for mall displays generally have terms ranging from one to two weeks, but are available for periods up to six-month periods.six months. Our internationalInternational inventory includes other small displays that are counted as separate displays since they form a substantial part of our network and International Outdoor Advertisingoutdoor advertising revenue. We also have a bikeSmartbike bicycle rental program which provides bicycles for rent to the general public in several municipalities. In exchange for providing the bike rental program, we generally derive revenue from advertising rights to the bikes, bike stations, or additional street furniture displays. Severaldisplays, or fees from the local municipalities. In several of our internationalInternational markets, we sell equipment or provide cleaning and maintenance services as part of a billboard or street furniture contract with a municipality. Production revenue relates

Advertising Inventory and Markets

As of December 31, 2011, we owned or operated more than 630,000 displays in our International outdoor segment, with operations across 30 countries. Our International outdoor display count includes display faces, which may include multiple faces on a single structure. As a result, our International outdoor display count is not comparable to the production of advertising posters, usuallyour Americas outdoor display count, which includes only unique displays. No one property is material to our overall operations. We believe that our properties are in good condition and suitable for small customers.

our operations.

Competition

The international outdoor advertising industry is fragmented, consisting of several larger companies involved in outdoor advertising, such as CBSJCDecaux and JC Decaux,CBS, as well as numerous smaller and local companies operating a limited

12


number of display facesdisplays in a single market or a few local markets. We also compete with other advertising media in our respective markets, including broadcast and cable television, radio, print media, direct mail, the Internet and direct mail.
Advertising Inventory and Markets
     Asother forms of December 31, 2008, we owned or operated approximately 670,000 displays in our International segment. The following table sets forth certain selected information with regardadvertisement.

Outdoor companies compete primarily based on ability to our International advertising inventory,reach consumers, which are listed in descending order according to 2008 revenue contribution:

Street
FurnitureTransitOtherTotal
International MarketsBillboards(1)DisplaysDisplays(2)Displays(3)Displays
France131,049
United Kingdom66,982
Italy58,774
China64,051
Spain33,814
Australia/New Zealand17,897
Belgium23,984
Sweden116,230
Switzerland17,962
Norway21,370
Ireland9,533
Turkey11,822
Denmark34,106
Finland24,700
Poland11,041
Holland4,630
India737
Baltic States/Russia16,250
Romania150
Greece1,201
Singapore3,857
Hungary36
Japan433
Germany52
Austria17
Czech Republic10
Indonesia1
Portugal15
United Arab Emirates1
Total International Displays
670,705
(1)Includes spectaculars and neon displays.
(2)Includes small displays.
(3)Includes mall displays and other small displays counted as separate displays in the table since they form a substantial part of our network and International revenue.

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is driven by location of the display.


Other

Equity Investments
     In addition to the displays listed above, as of December 31, 2008, we had equity investments in various out-of-home advertising companies that operate in the following markets:
Street
EquityFurnitureTransit
MarketCompanyInvestmentBillboards(1)DisplaysDisplays
Outdoor Advertising Companies
ItalyAlessi34.3%
ItalyAD Moving SpA17.5%
Hong KongBuspak50.0%
SpainClear Channel Cemusa50.0%
ThailandMaster & More32.5%
BelgiumMTB49.0%
BelgiumStreep25.0%
Other Media Companies
NorwayCAPA50.0%
(1)Includes spectaculars and neon displays.
Our Other
     The other category segment includes our 100%-owned media representation firm, Katz Media, as well as other general support services and initiatives which are ancillary to our other businesses.
Media Representation
     We own

Katz Media, a full-serviceleading media representation firm thatin the U.S. for radio and television stations, sells national spot advertising time for clients in the radio and television industries throughout the United States. As of December 31, 2008,2011, Katz Media represents approximately 3,900 radio stations, nearlyapproximately one-fifth of which are owned by us, as well as approximately 950 digital properties. Katz Media also represents approximately 700 television and approximately 400 televisiondigital multicast stations.

Katz Media generates revenue primarily through contractual commissions realized from the sale of national spot advertising airtime.and online advertising. National spot advertising is commercial airtime sold to advertisers on behalf of radio and television stations. Katz Media represents its media clients pursuant to media representation contracts, which typically have terms of up to ten years in length.

Management Team and

Employees

     We have an experienced management team from our senior executives to our local market managers. Our executive officers and certain radio and outdoor senior managers possess an average of 21 years of industry experience, and have combined experience of over 250 years. The core of the executive management team includes Chief Executive Officer Mark Mays, who has been with Clear Channel for over 19 years, and President and Chief Financial Officer Randall Mays, who has been with the Clear Channel for over 15 years.

As of February 27, 2009,January 31, 2012, we had approximately 16,80015,400 domestic employees and 5,300approximately 5,800 international employees, of which approximately 21,30018,000 were in direct operations and approximately 8002,700 were in corporate related activities. Approximately 470840 of our employees in the United States employees and approximately 230265 of our non-Unitedemployees outside the United States employees are subject to collective bargaining agreements in their respective countries. We are a party to numerous collective bargaining agreements, none of which represent a significant number of employees. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.

Seasonality

Required information is located within Item 7 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Regulation of Our Radio Broadcastingour Media and Entertainment Business

General

Existing Regulation
     Radio

The following is a brief summary of certain statutes, regulations, policies and proposals affecting our media and entertainment business. For example, radio broadcasting is subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”)FCC under the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the “Communications Act”).Act. The Communications Act prohibitspermits the operation of a radio broadcast station exceptonly under a license issued by the FCC upon a finding that grant of the license would serve the public interest, convenience and necessity. Among other things, the Communications Act empowers the FCC amongto: issue, renew, revoke and modify broadcasting licenses; assign frequency bands for broadcasting; determine stations’ frequencies, locations, power and other things, to:

issue, renew, revoke and modify broadcasting licenses;
assign frequency bands;

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technical parameters; impose penalties for violation of its regulations, including monetary forfeitures and, in extreme cases, license revocation; impose annual regulatory and application processing fees; and adopt and implement regulations and policies affecting the ownership, program content, employment practices and many other aspects of the operation of broadcast stations.


This summary does not comprehensively cover all current and proposed statutes, regulations and policies affecting our media and entertainment business. Reference should be made to the Communications Act and other relevant statutes, regulations, policies and proceedings for further information concerning the nature and extent of regulation of our media and entertainment business. Finally, several of the following matters are now, or may become, the subject of court litigation, and we cannot predict the outcome of any such litigation or its impact on our media and entertainment business.

License Assignments

determine stations’ frequencies, locations and power;
regulate the equipment used by stations;
adopt other regulations to carry out the provisions of the Communications Act;
impose penalties for violation of such regulations; and
impose fees for processing applications and other administrative functions.
The Communications Act prohibits the assignment of an FCCa license or the transfer of control of an FCC licensee without prior approval ofFCC approval. Applications for license assignments or transfers involving a substantial change in ownership are subject to a 30-day period for public comment, during which petitions to deny the application may be filed and considered by the FCC.

License Grant and Renewal

The FCC grants radio broadcast licenses for a term of up to eight years. Generally, upon application, theThe FCC renewswill renew a broadcast license for an additional eight yeareight-year term if, after consideration of the renewal application and any objections thereto, it finds that:

that the station has served the public interest, convenience and necessity;
there have been no serious violations of either the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules and regulations by the licensee; and
there have been no other violations by the licensee which, taken together, constitute a pattern of abuse.
     After considering these factors and any petitionsnecessity and that, with respect to denythe station seeking renewal, there have been no serious violations of either the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules and regulations by the licensee and no other such violations which, taken together, constitute a license renewal application (which may lead to a hearing), thepattern of abuse. The FCC may grant the license renewal application with or without conditions, including renewal for a term less than the maximum otherwise permitted. In making its licensing determination, the FCC may consider petitions to deny and informal objections, and may order a hearing if sufficiently serious issues have been raised. The FCC may grant the license renewal application with or without conditions, including renewal for less than eight years. A station may continue to operate beyond the expiration date if a timely filed license renewal application is pending.
     Although in theThe vast majority of cases radio licenses are renewed by the FCC even when petitions to deny or informal objections are filed, there can be no assurance thatfor the full eight-year term. While we cannot guarantee the grant of any offuture renewal application, our stations’ licenses will behistorically have been renewed for athe full term and without sanctions or conditions at the expiration of their terms.
eight-year term.

Current Multiple Ownership RestrictionsRegulation

     The Communications Act and

FCC rules limitand policies define the abilityinterests of individuals and entities, to own or have an “attributable interest” inknown as “attributable” interests, which implicate FCC rules governing ownership of broadcast stations and other specified mass media entities. AllUnder these rules, attributable interests generally include: (1) officers and directors of a licensee and anyor of its direct or indirect parent,parent; (2) general partners, limited partners and limited liability company members, who are notunless properly “insulated” from management activities, and stockholders who ownactivities; (3) a 5% or more direct or indirect voting stock interest in a corporate licensee or parent, except that, for a narrowly defined class of passive investors, the attribution threshold is a 20% or more voting stock interest; and (4) combined equity and debt interests in excess of 33% of a licensee’s total asset value, if the interest holder provides over 15% of the outstanding voting stocklicensee station’s total weekly programming, or has an attributable broadcast or newspaper interest in the same market (the “EDP Rule”). An entity that owns one or more radio stations in a market and programs more than 15% of the broadcast time, or sells more than 15% per week of the advertising time, on a licensee or its parent, either directly or indirectly,radio station in the same market is generally will be deemed to have an attributable interest in the licensee. Certain institutional investors who exert no control or influence over a licensee may own up to 20% of a licensee’s or its parent’s outstanding voting stock before attribution occurs. Under current FCC regulations, debtthat station.

Debt instruments, non-voting corporate stock, minority voting stock interests in corporations having a single majority stockholder, and properly insulated limited partnership and limited liability company interests as to which the licensee certifies that the interest holders are not “materially involved” in the management and operation of the subject media property generally are not subject to attribution unless such interests implicate the FCC’s “equity/debt plus” (“EDP”) rule. Under the EDP rule, an aggregate debt and/or equity interest in excess of 33% of a licensee’s total asset value (equity plus debt) is attributable if the interest holder is either a major program supplier (providing over 15% of the licensee’s station’s total weekly broadcast programming hours) or a same-market media owner (including broadcasters, cable operators and newspapers). The FCC recently adopted revisions to the EDP rule to promote diversification of broadcast ownership.Rule. To the best of our knowledge at present, none of our officers, directors or 5% or greater shareholders holds an interest in another television station, radio station cable television system, or daily newspaper that is inconsistent with the FCC’s ownership rules and policies.

     Additionally, an entity that owns one or more radio stations in a market and programs more than 15% of the broadcast time on another radio station in the same market pursuant to an LMArules.

The FCC is generally required to count the LMA station towardconduct periodic reviews of its media ownership limits even though it does not own the station. As a result, in a market where we own one or more radio stations, we generally cannot provide programming under an LMA to another radio station if we cannot acquire that station under the FCC’s ownership rules. The media ownership rules are subject to periodic review by the FCC. As the result of its third periodic review, inIn 2003, the FCC, among other actions, modified the radio ownership rules and adopted new rules which, among other changes, modified broadcast ownership limits, changed the way a local radio market is defined, and made certain joint sales agreements (“JSAs”) “attributable” under thecross-media ownership limits. Numerous parties, including us, appealed the modified ownership rules. These appeals were consolidated before the United StatesThe U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit whichinitially stayed their implementation. In June 2004,implementation of the court issued a decision that upheldnew rules. Later, it lifted the stay as to the radio ownership rules, allowing the modified ownership rules in

15


certain respects, including allowing the new local market definition to go into effect,effect. It retained the stay on the cross-media ownership limits and remanded them to the FCC for further justification (leaving in other respects.
     The maximum allowable number of radio stations that may be commonly owned in a market varies depending on the total number of radio stations in that market.
In markets with 45 or more stations, one company may own, operate or control eight stations, with no more than five in any one service (AM or FM).
In markets with 30-44 stations, one company may own seven stations, with no more than four in any one service.
In markets with 15-29 stations, one entity may own six stations, with no more than four in any one service.
In markets with 14 stations or less, one company may own up to five stations or 50% of all of the stations, whichever is less, with no more than three in any one service.
     The FCC’s June 2003 decision abandoned the existing local radio market definition based on station signal contours in favor of a definition based on “metro” markets as defined by Arbitron. Under the modified approach, commercialeffect separate pre-existing FCC rules governing newspaper-broadcast and non-commercial radio stations licensed to communities within an Arbitron metro market, as well as stations licensed to communities outside the metro market but considered “home” to that market, are counted as stations in the local radio market for the purposes of applying the ownership limits. For geographic areas outside defined Arbitron metro markets,radio-television cross-ownership). In 2007, the FCC adopted an interim market definition methodology based on a modified signal contour overlap approachdecision that revised the newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership rule but made no changes to the radio ownership or radio-television cross-ownership rules. In 2011, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit vacated the FCC’s revisions to the newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership rule and initiated a further rulemaking proceedingotherwise upheld the FCC’s decision to determine a permanent market definition methodology for such areas. The further proceeding is still pending.retain the current radio ownership and radio-television cross-ownership rules. Litigants, including Clear Channel, have sought review by the U.S. Supreme Court of the Third Circuit’s decision. The FCC grandfathered existing combinationsbegan its next periodic review of owned stations that would not comply withits media ownership rules in 2010, and has issued a notice of proposed rulemaking. We cannot predict the modified rules. However, the FCC ruled that such noncompliant combinations could not be sold intact except to certain “eligible entities,” which the agency defined as entities qualifying as a small business consistent with Small Business Administration standards.
     The June 2003 rules also made JSAs involving more than 15% per weekoutcome of a same-market radio station’s advertising time attributable under the ownership rules. Consequently, in a market where we own one or more radio stations, we generally cannot enter into a JSA with another radio station if we could not acquire that station under the FCC’s rules.
media ownership proceedings or their effects on our business in the future.

Irrespective of FCC rules governingthe FCC’s radio ownership rules, the Antitrust Division of the DOJ (the “Antitrust Division”U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) and the FTCU.S. Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) have the authority to determine that a particular transaction presents antitrust concerns. Over the past decade, the Antitrust Division has become more aggressive in reviewing proposed radio station acquisitions, particularlyIn particular, where the proposed purchaser already owns one or more radio stations in a particular market and seeks to acquire additional radio stations in that market. The Antitrust Divisionmarket, the DOJ has, in some cases, obtained consent decrees requiring radio station divestitures in a particular market based on allegations that acquisitions would lead to unacceptable concentration levels. divestitures.

The current FCC generally delays action on radio acquisitions in situations where antitrust authorities have expressed concentration concerns, even if the acquisition complies with the FCC’s numerical station limits, until after action has been taken by the antitrust authorities.

     A number of cross-ownership rules pertain to licensees of a radio station, including limits on broadcast-newspaper and radio-television cross ownership. FCC rules generally prohibit an individual or entity from having an attributable interest in a radio or television station and a daily newspaper located in the same market, although in late 2007 the FCC adopted a revised rule that would allow a degree of same-market newspaper/broadcast cross-ownership based on certain presumptions, criteria and limitations.
     Regarding radio-television cross ownership, FCC rules permit the common ownership of one television and up to seven same-market radio stations, or up to two television and six same-market radio stations, if the market will have at least 20 separately owned broadcast, newspaper and cable “voices” after the combination. Common ownership of up to two television and four radio stations is permissible when at least 10 “voices” will remain, and common ownership of up to two television stations and one radio station is permissible in all markets regardless of voice count. The radio/television limits, moreover, are subject to the compliance of the television and radio components of the combination with the television duopoly rule and the local radio ownership limits, respectively. Waivers of the radio/television cross-ownership rule are available only where the station being acquired is “failed” (i.e., off the air for at least four months or involved in court-supervised involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings). A buyer seeking such a waiver must also demonstrate, in most cases, that it is the only buyer ready, willing and able to operate the station, and that sale to an out-of-market buyer would result in an artificially depressed price. In its 2003 ownership decision, the FCC adopted new cross-media limits to replace these newspaper-broadcast and radio-television cross-ownership rules. These provisions were remanded by the Third Circuit for further FCC consideration, and are currently subject to judicial stay.

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Developments and Future Actions Regarding Multiple Ownership Rules
     Expansion of our broadcast operations in particular areas and nationwide will continue to be subject to the FCC’s ownership rules and any further changes the FCC or Congress may adopt. Recent actions by and pending proceedings before the FCC, Congress and the courts may significantly affectrelevant to our business.
     In June 2006, the FCC commenced its proceeding on remand from the Third Circuit of the modified media ownership rules. At an open meeting on December 18, 2007, the FCC adopted a decision that revised the newspaper/broadcast cross-ownership rule to allow a degree of same-market newspaper/broadcast ownership based on certain presumptions, criteria and limitations. The FCC made no changes to the currently effective local radio ownership rules (as modified by the 2003 decision) or the radio/television cross-ownership rule (as modified in 1999). The FCC’s 2007 decision, including the determination not to relax the numerical radio ownership limits, is the subject of a request for reconsideration and various court appeals, including by us. Also at its December 18, 2007 meeting, the FCC adopted rules to promote diversification of broadcast ownership, including revisions to its EDP attribution rule and the “eligible entity” exception to the prohibition on the sale of grandfathered noncompliant radio station combinations.
     We cannot predict the impact of any of these developments on our business. In particular, we cannot predict the ultimate outcome of the FCC’s media ownership proceedings or their effects on our ability to acquire broadcast stations in the future, to complete acquisitions that we have agreed to make, to continue to own and freely transfer groups of stations that we have already acquired, or to continue our existing agreements to provide programming to or sell advertising on stations we do not own. Moreover, we cannot predict the impact of future reviews or any other agency or legislative initiatives upon the FCC’s broadcast rules.
business are summarized below.

Local Radio Ownership Rule. The maximum allowable number of radio stations that may be commonly owned in a market is based on the size of the market. In markets with 45 or more stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to eight stations, of which no more than five are in the same service (AM or FM). In markets with 30-44 stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to seven stations, of which no more than four are in the same service. In markets with 15-29 stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to six stations, of which no more than four are in the same service. In markets with 14 or fewer stations, one entity may have an attributable interest in up to five stations, of which no more than three are in the same service, so long as the entity does not have an interest in more than 50% of all stations in the market. To apply these ownership tiers, the FCC relies on Arbitron Metro Survey Areas, where they exist, and a signal contour-overlap methodology where they do not exist. An FCC rulemaking is pending to determine how to define radio markets for stations located outside Arbitron Metro Survey Areas.

Newspaper-Broadcast Cross-Ownership Rule. FCC rules generally prohibit an individual or entity from having an attributable interest in either a radio or television station and a daily newspaper located in the same market.

Radio-Television Cross-Ownership Rule. FCC rules permit the common ownership of one television and up to seven same-market radio stations, or up to two television and six same-market radio stations, depending on the number of independent media voices in the market and on whether the television and radio components of the combination comply with the television and radio ownership limits, respectively.

Alien Ownership Restrictions

The Communications Act restricts the ability of foreign entities or individuals to ownfrom owning or hold certain interests in broadcast licenses. Foreign governments, representatives of foreign governments, non-United States citizens, representatives of non-United States citizens and corporations or partnerships organized under the laws of a foreign nation are barred from holding broadcast licenses. Non-United States citizens, collectively, may own or vote up tovoting more than 20% of the capital stockequity of a corporate licensee. A broadcast license may not be granted to or held by any entity that is controlled,licensee directly or indirectly, by a business entityand more than one-fourth of whose capital stock is owned or voted by non-United States citizens or their representatives, by foreign governments or their representatives, or by non-United States business entities, if the FCC finds that the public interest will be served by the refusal or revocation of such license. The FCC has interpreted this provision of the Communications Act to require an affirmative public interest finding before25% indirectly (i.e., through a broadcast license may be granted to or held by any such entity, and the FCC has made such an affirmative finding only in limited circumstances.parent company). Since we serve as a holding company for FCC licensee subsidiaries, that serve as licensees for our stations, we are effectively restricted from having more than one-fourth of our stock owned or voted directly or indirectly by non-United States citizensforeign entities or their representatives, foreign governments, representatives of foreign governments, or foreign business entities.

Other Regulations Affecting Broadcast Stations
General. The FCC has significantly reduced its past regulation of broadcast stations, including elimination of formal ascertainment requirements and guidelines concerning amounts of certain types of programming and commercial matter that may be broadcast. There are, however, statutes and rules and policies of the FCC and other federal agencies that regulate matters such as political advertising practices, obscenity and indecency in broadcast programming, application procedures and other areas affecting the business or operations of broadcast stations. Moreover, recent and possible future actions by the FCC in the areas of localism and public interest obligations may impose additional regulatory requirements on us.
individuals.

Indecency Regulation. Provisions of federal

Federal law regulateregulates the broadcast of obscene, indecent or profane material. The FCC has substantially increased its monetary penalties for violations of these regulations. Legislation enacted in 2006by Congress provides the FCC with authority to impose fines of up to $325,000 per utterance with a cap of $3.0 million for any violation for the broadcast of such material. We cannot predict whether Congress will consider or adopt further legislation in this area.arising from a single act. Several judicial appeals of FCC indecency enforcement actions are currently pending. In July 2010, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals issued a ruling in one of those appeals,in which it held the FCC’s indecency standards to be unconstitutionally vague under the First Amendment, and in November 2010 denied a petition for rehearing of that decision. In January 2011, the Second Circuit vacated the agency decision at issue in another appeal, relying on its July 2010 and November 2010 decisions. In January 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments in its review of the Second Circuit’s actions, setting the stage for a Supreme Court decision on indecency regulation in 2012. The outcome of this proceeding, and of other pending and their outcomes couldindecency cases, will affect future FCC policies in this area.

Public Interest Programming. Broadcasters are required to air programming addressing We have received, and may receive in the needsfuture, letters of inquiry and interests of their communities of license, and to place “issues/programs lists” in their public inspection files to provide their communities with information on the level of “public interest” programming they air. In December 2007,other notifications from the FCC adopted a reportconcerning complaints that programming aired on broadcast localism and proposed new localism rules. The report tentatively concluded that broadcast

17


licensees shouldour stations contains indecent or profane language. FCC action on these complaints will be required to establish and hold regular meetings with a local advisory board to ascertaindirectly impacted by the needs and interestsoutcome of the communities where they own stations. The report also proposed the adoption of specific renewal application processing guidelines that would require broadcasters to air a minimum amount of local programming. Finally, it sought comment on a variety of other issues concerning localism including potential changes to the main studio ruleindecency court proceedings and sponsorship identification rules. Thesubsequent FCC has not yet issued a decisionaction in this proceeding. We cannot predict whether the FCC will enact any of the initiatives discussed in the report.
response thereto.

Equal Employment Opportunity.

The FCC’s equal employment opportunity rules generally require broadcasters to engage in broad and inclusiveequal opportunity employment recruitment efforts, to fill job vacancies, keep a considerable amount of recruitmentretain data concerning such efforts and report much of this data to the FCC and to the public via stations’ public files and websites. Radio stations with more than 10 full-time employees must file certain annual Equal Employment Opportunity reports with the FCC midway through their license term. The FCC is still considering whether to apply these rules to part-time employment positions. Broadcasters are subject to random audits to ensure compliance with the Equal Employment Opportunity rules and could be sanctioned for noncompliance. Broadcasters are also obligated not

Technical Rules

Numerous FCC rules govern the technical operating parameters of radio stations, including permissible operating frequency, power and antenna height and interference protections between stations. Changes to engagethese rules could negatively affect the operation of our stations. For example, in employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin or sex.

Digital Radio. The FCC has approvedJanuary 2011 a technical standard for the provision of “in band, on channel” terrestrial digital radio broadcasting by existing radio broadcasters (except for nighttime broadcasting by AM stations, which is undergoing further testing),law that eliminates certain minimum distance separation requirements between full-power and has allowed radio broadcasters to convert to a hybrid mode of digital/analog operation on their existing frequencies. We and other broadcasters have intensified efforts to roll out terrestrial digital radio service. In May 2007, the FCC established service, operational and technical rules for terrestrial digital audio broadcasting and sought public comment on what (if any) limitations should be placed on subscription services offered by digital audio broadcasters and whether any new public interest requirements should be applied to terrestrial digital audio broadcast service. We cannot predict the impact of terrestrial digital audio radio service on our business.
Low Power FM Radio Service. In January 2000, the FCC created two new classes of noncommercial low powerlow-power FM radio stations (“LPFM”). One class (“LP100”) is authorizedwas enacted, which could lead to operate with a maximum power of 100 wattsincreased interference between our stations and a service radius of about 3.5 miles. The other class (“LP10”) is authorized to operate with a maximum power of 10 watts and a service radius of about one to two miles.low-power FM stations. In establishing the new LPFM service,March 2011 the FCC said that its goal is to create a class ofadopted policies which, in certain circumstances, could make it more difficult for radio stations designed “to serve very localized communitiesto relocate to increase their population coverage.

Content, Licenses and Royalties

We must pay royalties to copyright owners of musical compositions (typically, songwriters and publishers) whenever we broadcast or underrepresented groups within communities.” stream musical compositions. Copyright owners of musical compositions most often rely on intermediaries known as performance rights organizations to negotiate so-called “blanket” licenses with copyright users, collect royalties under such licenses and distribute them to copyright owners. We have obtained public performance licenses from, and pay license fees to, the three major performance rights organizations in the United States known as the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, or ASCAP, Broadcast Music, Inc., or BMI, and SESAC, Inc., or SESAC.

To secure the rights to stream music content over the Internet, we also must obtain performance rights licenses and pay performance rights royalties to copyright owners of sound recordings (typically, performing artists and recording companies). Under Federal statutory licenses, we are permitted to stream any lawfully released sound recordings and to make reproductions of these recordings on our computer servers without having to separately negotiate and obtain direct licenses with each individual copyright owner as long as we operate in compliance with the rules of statutory licenses and pay the applicable royalty rates to SoundExchange, the non-profit organization designated by the Copyright Royalty Board to collect and distribute royalties under these statutory licenses. In addition, we have business arrangements directly with some copyright owners to receive deliveries of their sound recordings for use in our Internet operations.

The FCC has authorizedrates at which we pay royalties to copyright owners are privately negotiated or set pursuant to a regulatory process. There is no guarantee that the licenses and associated royalty rates that currently are available to us will be available to us in the future. Increased royalty rates could significantly increase our expenses, which could adversely affect our business.

Privacy

As a company conducting business on the Internet, we are subject to a number of LPFM stations.laws and regulations relating to information security, data protection and privacy, among other things. Many of these laws and regulations are still evolving and could be interpreted in ways that could harm our business. In December 2000, Congress passed the Radio Broadcasting Preservation Actarea of 2000. This legislation requiresinformation security and data protection, the laws in several states require companies to implement specific information security controls to protect certain types of personally identifiable information. Likewise, all but a few states have laws in place requiring companies to notify users if there is a security breach that compromises certain categories of their personally identifiable information. Any failure on our part to comply with these laws may subject us to significant liabilities. Further, any failure by us to adequately protect the privacy or security of our listeners’ information could result in a loss of confidence in us among existing and potential listeners, and ultimately, in a loss of listeners and advertising customers, which could adversely affect our business.

We collect and use certain types of information from our listeners in accordance with the privacy policies posted on our websites. We collect personally identifiable information directly from listeners when they register to use our services, fill out their listener profiles, post comments, use our social networking features, participate in polls and contests and sign up to receive email newsletters. We also may obtain information about our listeners from other listeners and third parties. Our policy is to use the collected information to customize and personalize advertising and content for listeners and to enhance the listener experience. We have implemented commercially reasonable physical and electronic security measures to protect against the loss, misuse, and alteration of personally identifiable information. However, no security measures are perfect or impenetrable, and we may be unable to anticipate or prevent unauthorized access to our listeners’ personally identifiable information. Any failure to comply with our posted privacy policies or privacy-related laws and regulations could result in proceedings against us by governmental authorities or others, which could harm our business.

Other

Congress, the FCC to maintain interference protection requirements between LPFM stations and full-power radio stations on third-adjacent channels. It also requires the FCC to conduct field tests to determine the impact of eliminating such requirements. The FCC has commissioned a preliminary report on such impactother government agencies and on the basis of that report, has recommended to Congress that such requirements be eliminated. In addition, in November 2007, the FCC adopted rules that, among other things, enhance LPFM’s interference protection from subsequently authorized full-service stations. Concurrently, the FCC solicited public comment on technical rules for possible expansion of LPFM licensing opportunities and technical and financial assistance to LPFM broadcasters from full-service stations which propose to create interference to LPFM stations. We cannot predict the number of LPFM stations that eventually will be authorized to operate or the impact of such stations on our business.

Other. Finally, Congress and the FCC from time to time consider, andregulatory bodies may in the future adopt new laws, regulations and policies regarding a wide variety of other matters that could affect, directly or indirectly, the operation, profitability and ownership of our broadcast properties.stations and Internet-based audio music services. In addition to the changesregulations and proposed changesother arrangements noted above, such matters have included,include, for example,example: proposals to impose spectrum use or other fees on FCC licensees; legislation that would provide for the payment of sound recording royalties to artists and musicians whose music is played on our broadcast stations; changes to the political advertising rates and potentialbroadcasting rules, including the adoption of proposals to provide free air time to candidates; restrictions on the advertising of certain products, such as beer and wine. Other matters that could affect our broadcast properties include technological innovationswine; frequency allocation, spectrum reallocations and developments generally affecting competitionchanges in the mass communications industry, such as “streaming” of audio and video programming via the Internet, digital radio technologiestechnical rules; and the establishmentadoption of a low power FM radio service.
     The foregoing is a brief summary of certain provisions of the Communications Actsignificant new programming and specific regulationsoperational requirements designed to increase local community-responsive programming, and policies of the FCC thereunder. This description does not purport to be comprehensive and reference should be made to the Communications Act, the FCC’s rules and theenhance public notices and rulings of the FCC for further information concerning the nature and extent of federal regulation of broadcast stations. Proposals for additional or revised regulations and requirements are pending before and are being considered by Congress and federal regulatory agencies from time to time. Also, various of the foregoing matters are now, or may become, the subject of court litigation, and we cannot predict the outcome of any such litigation or its impact on our broadcasting business.

18interest reporting requirements.


Regulation of our Americas and International Outdoor Advertising Businesses

The outdoor advertising industry in the United States is subject to governmental regulation at the federal,Federal, state and local levels. These regulations may include, among others, restrictions on the construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, upgrading, height, size, spacing and location of and, in some instances, content of advertising copy being displayed on outdoor advertising structures. In addition, international regulations have a significant impact on the outdoor advertising industry. International regulation of the outdoor advertising industry outsidecan vary by municipality, region and country, but generally limits the size, placement, nature and density of out-of-home displays. Other regulations may limit the subject matter and language of out-of-home displays.

From time to time, legislation has been introduced in both the United States is subjectand foreign jurisdictions attempting to certainimpose taxes on revenue from outdoor advertising or for the right to use outdoor advertising assets. Several jurisdictions have already imposed such taxes as a percentage of our outdoor advertising revenue in that jurisdiction. In addition, some jurisdictions have taxed our personal property and leasehold interests in advertising locations using various valuation methodologies. While these taxes have not had a material impact on our business and financial results to date, we expect U.S. and foreign governmental regulation.

     Domestically, injurisdictions to continue to try to impose such taxes as a way of increasing revenue. In recent years, outdoor advertising also has become the subject of targeted state and municipal taxes and fees. These laws may affect prevailing competitive conditions in our markets in a variety of ways. Such laws may reduce our expansion opportunities or may increase or reduce competitive pressure from other members of the outdoor advertising industry. No assurance can be given that existing or future laws or regulations, and the enforcement thereof, will not materially and adversely affect the outdoor advertising industry. However, we contest laws and regulations that we believe unlawfully restrict our constitutional or other legal rights and may adversely impact the growth of our outdoor advertising business.

In the United States, Federal law, principally the Highway Beautification Act of 1965, or HBA,(“HBA”), regulates outdoor advertising on Federal-Aid Primary, Interstate and National Highway Systems roads within the United States (“controlled roads”). The HBA regulates the size and placement of billboards, requires the development of state standards, mandates a state’s compliance program, promotes the expeditious removal of illegal signs and requires just compensation for takings.

To satisfy the HBA’s requirements, all states have passed billboard control statutes and regulations whichthat regulate, among other things, construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, height, size, spacing and the placement and permitting of outdoor advertising structures. We are not aware of any state whichthat has passed control statutes and regulations less restrictive than the prevailing federal requirements, including the requirement that an owner to remove any non-grandfathered, non-compliant signs along the controlled roads, at the owner’s expense and without compensation, or requiring an owner to remove any non-grandfathered structures that do not comply with certain of the states’ requirements. Municipal and countycompensation. Local governments generally also include billboard control as part of their zoning laws and building codes regulating those items described above and include similar provisions regarding the removal of non-grandfathered structures that do not comply with certain of the local requirements.

Some local governments have initiated code enforcement and permit reviews of billboards within their jurisdiction challenging billboards located within their jurisdiction, and in some instances we have had to remove billboards as a result of such reviews.

As part of their billboard control laws, state and local governments regulate the construction of new signs. Some jurisdictions prohibit new construction, some jurisdictions allow new construction only to replace existing structures and some jurisdictions allow new construction subject to the various restrictions discussed above. In certain jurisdictions, restrictive regulations also limit our ability to relocate, rebuild, repair, maintain, upgrade, modify or replace existing legal non-conforming billboards. While these regulations set certain limits on the construction of new outdoor advertising displays, they also benefit established companies, including us, by creating barriers to entry and by protecting the outdoor advertising industry against an oversupply of inventory.

U.S. Federal law neither requires nor prohibits the removal of existing lawful billboards, but it does mandate the payment of compensation if a state or political subdivision compels the removal of a lawful billboard along the controlled roads. In the past, state governments have purchased and removed existing lawful billboards for beautification purposes using federalFederal funding for transportation enhancement programs, and these jurisdictions may continue to do so in the future. From time to time, state and local government authorities use the power of eminent domain and amortization to remove billboards. Thus far, we have been able to obtain satisfactory compensation for our billboards purchased or removed as a result of these types of governmental action, although there is no assurance that this will continue to be the case in the future.

     Other important outdoor advertising regulations include the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, the Bonus Act/Bonus Program, the 1995 Scenic Byways Amendment and various increases or implementations of property taxes, billboard taxes and permit fees. From time to time, legislation has been introduced in both the United States and foreign jurisdictions attempting to impose taxes on revenue from outdoor advertising. Several state and local jurisdictions have already imposed such taxes as a percentage of our outdoor advertising revenue in that jurisdiction. While these taxes have not had a material impact on our business and financial results to date, we expect state and local governments to continue to try to impose such taxes as a way of increasing revenue.

We have introduced and intend to expand the deployment of digital billboards that display static digital advertising copy from various advertisers that change up to several times per minute. We have encountered some existing regulations in the U.S. and across some international jurisdictions that restrict or prohibit these types of digital displays. However, since digital technology for changing static copy has only recently been developed and introduced into the market on a large scale, and is in the process of being introduced more broadly in our international markets, existing regulations that currently do not apply to digital technology by their terms could be revised to impose greater restrictions.

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These regulations may impose greater restrictions on digital billboards due to alleged concerns over aesthetics or driver safety.
     International regulation of the outdoor advertising industry varies by region and country, but generally limits the size, placement, nature and density of out-of-home displays. Other regulations may limit the subject matter and language of out-of-home displays.

ItemITEM 1A. Risk FactorsRISK FACTORS

Risks RelatingRelated to Our Business

DeteriorationOur results have been in generalthe past, and could be in the future, adversely affected by economic uncertainty or deteriorations in economic conditions

Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting economic conditions has caused and could cause additional decreases or delays in advertising spending by our advertisersbudgeting and could harm our ability to generate advertising revenues and negatively affect our results of operations

     The risks associated with our businesses become more acute in periodsbuying patterns. Periods of a slowing economy or recession, whichor periods of economic uncertainty, may be accompanied by a decrease in advertising. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions and budgeting and buying patterns. The current global economic slowdown hasdownturn that began in 2008 resulted in a decline in advertising and marketing services amongby our customers, resultingwhich resulted in a decline in advertising revenues across our businesses. This reduction in advertising revenues has had an adverse effect on our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity, particularly during the second half of 2008. The continuation of theliquidity. Although we believe that global economic slowdownconditions are improving, economic conditions remain uncertain. If economic conditions do not continue to improve, economic uncertainty increases or economic conditions deteriorate again, global economic conditions may continue toonce again adversely impact our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity.
Furthermore, because a significant portion of our revenue is derived from local advertisers, our ability to generate revenues in specific markets is directly affected by local and regional conditions, and unfavorable regional economic conditions also may adversely impact our results. In this regard, our consolidated revenue decreased $232.5 million during 2008 compared to 2007. Revenue growth during the first nine months of 2008 was offset by a decline of $254.0 millionaddition, even in the fourth quarter. Revenue declined $264.7 million during 2008 compared to 2007 from our radio business associated with decreases in both local and national advertising. Our Americas outdoor revenue also declined approximately $54.8 million attributable to decreases in poster and bulletin revenues associated with cancellations and non-renewals from major national advertisers.
     In January 2009, in response to the deteriorationabsence of a downturn in general economic conditions, an individual business sector or market may experience a downturn, causing it to reduce its advertising expenditures, which also may adversely impact our results.

We performed impairment tests on our goodwill and other intangible assets during the fourth quarter of 2011 and 2010 and recorded non-cash impairment charges of $7.6 million and $15.4 million, respectively. Additionally, we performed impairment tests in 2008 and 2009 on our indefinite-lived assets and goodwill and, as a result of the global economic downturn and the resulting negativecorresponding reduction in our revenues, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $5.3 billion and $4.1 billion, respectively. Although we believe we have made reasonable estimates and used appropriate assumptions to calculate the fair value of our licenses, billboard permits and reporting units, it is possible a material change could occur. If actual market conditions and operational performance for the respective reporting units underlying the intangible assets were to deteriorate, or if facts and circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the estimated fair value of the indefinite-lived assets or goodwill for these reporting units below their adjusted carrying amounts, we may also be required to recognize additional impairment charges in future periods, which could have a material impact on our business,financial condition and results of operations.

To service our debt obligations and to fund capital expenditures, we commencedwill require a restructuring program targeting a reductionsignificant amount of fixed costs by approximately $350 million on an annualized basis. As part of the program, we eliminated approximately 1,850 full-time positions representing approximately 9% of total workforce. The program is expected to result in restructuring and other non-recurring charges of approximately $200 million, although additional costs may be incurred as the program evolves. The cost savings initiatives are expected to be fully implemented by the end of the first quarter of 2010. No assurance can be given that the restructuring program will be successful or will achieve the anticipated cost savings in the timeframe expected or at all.

If we need additional cash to fundmeet our working capital,needs, which depends on many factors beyond our control

Our ability to service our debt service,obligations and to fund capital expenditures or other funding requirements, we may not be able to access the credit markets due to continuing adverse securities and credit market conditions

will require a significant amount of cash. Our primary source of liquidity is cash flow from operations, which has been adversely impacted by the decline in our advertising revenues resulting from the current global economic slowdown.operations. Based on our current and anticipated levels of operations and conditions in our markets, we believe that cash flow from operationson hand as well as cash on hand (including amounts drawn or available under our senior secured credit facilities)flow from operations will enable us to meet our working capital, capital expenditure, debt service and other funding requirements for at least the next 12twelve months. However, our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt service and other obligations and to comply with the financial covenantscovenant under ourClear Channel’s financing agreements depends on our future operating performance and cash flow, which are in turn subject to prevailing economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If our future operating performance does not meet our expectation or our plans materially change in an adverse manner or prove to be materially inaccurate, we may need additional financing. Continuing adverseIn addition, the purchase price of possible acquisitions, capital expenditures for deployment of digital billboards and/or other strategic initiatives could require additional indebtedness or equity financing on our part. Adverse securities and credit market conditions, such as those experienced during 2008 and 2009, could significantly affect the availability of equity or credit financing. Consequently, there can be no assurance that such financing, if permitted under the terms of ourClear Channel’s financing agreements, will be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. The inability to obtain additional financing in such circumstances could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and on our ability to meet Clear Channel’s obligations or pursue strategic initiatives. Additional indebtedness could increase our obligations.
leverage and make us more vulnerable to economic downturns and may limit our ability to withstand competitive pressures.

Downgrades in our credit ratings and macroeconomic conditions may adversely affect our borrowing costs, limit our financing options, reduce our flexibility under future financings and adversely affect our liquidity, and also may adversely impact our business operations

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Our and Clear Channel’s corporate credit and issue-level ratings were downgraded on February 20, 2009 by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services. Our corporate credit rating was lowered to “B-”. These ratings remain on credit watch with negative implications. Additionally,Services and Moody’s Investors Service has placed our credit ratings on review for possible downgrade from “B2.” These ratings are significantly below investment grade. These ratingsspeculative-grade and any additionalhave been downgraded and upgraded at various times during the past several years. Any reductions in our credit ratings could further increase our borrowing costs, and reduce the availability of financing to us. In addition, deteriorating economic conditions, including market disruptions, tightened credit markets and significantly wider corporate borrowing spreads, may make it more difficultus or costly for us to obtain financing inincrease the future. A credit rating downgrade does not constitute a default under anycost of doing business or otherwise negatively impact our debt obligations.
business operations.

Our financial performance may be adversely affected by certain variables which are not inmany factors beyond our control

Certain variablesfactors that could adversely affect our financial performance by, among other things, leading to decreases in overall revenues, the numbers of advertising customers, advertising fees, or profit margins include:

unfavorable economic conditions, which may cause companies to reduce their expenditures on advertising;

unfavorable economic conditions, both general and relative to the radio broadcasting, outdoor advertising and all related media industries, which may cause companies to reduce their expenditures on advertising;
unfavorable shifts in population and other demographics which may cause us to lose advertising customers as people migrate to markets where we have a smaller presence, or which may cause advertisers to be willing to pay less in advertising fees if the general population shifts into a less desirable age or geographical demographic from an advertising perspective;
an increased level of competition for advertising dollars, which may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or which may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match;
unfavorable fluctuations in operating costs which we may be unwilling or unable to pass through to our customers;
technological changes and innovations that we are unable to adopt or are late in adopting that offer more attractive advertising or listening alternatives than what we currently offer, which may lead to a loss of advertising customers or to lower advertising rates;
the impact of potential new royalties charged for terrestrial radio broadcasting which could materially increase our expenses;
unfavorable changes in labor conditions which may require us to spend more to retain and attract key employees; and
changes in governmental regulations and policies and actions of federal regulatory bodies which could restrict the advertising media which we employ or restrict some or all of our customers that operate in regulated areas from using certain advertising media, or from advertising at all.

an increased level of competition for advertising dollars, which may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or which may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match;

unfavorable fluctuations in operating costs, which we may be unwilling or unable to pass through to our customers;

technological changes and innovations that we are unable to successfully adopt or are late in adopting that offer more attractive advertising or listening alternatives than what we offer, which may lead to a loss of advertising customers or to lower advertising rates;

the impact of potential new royalties charged for terrestrial radio broadcasting, which could materially increase our expenses;

other changes in governmental regulations and policies and actions of regulatory bodies, which could increase our taxes or other costs, restrict the advertising media that we employ or restrict some or all of our customers that operate in regulated areas from using certain advertising media or from advertising at all;

unfavorable shifts in population and other demographics, which may cause us to lose advertising customers as people migrate to markets where we have a smaller presence or which may cause advertisers to be willing to pay less in advertising fees if the general population shifts into a less desirable age or geographical demographic from an advertising perspective; and

unfavorable changes in labor conditions, which may impair our ability to operate or require us to spend more to retain and attract key employees.

We face intense competition in the broadcastingour media and entertainment and our outdoor advertising industriesbusinesses

     Our business segments are

We operate in a highly competitive industries,industry, and we may not be able to maintain or increase our current audience ratings and advertising and sales revenues. Our radio stationsmedia and entertainment and our outdoor advertising propertiesbusinesses compete for audiences and advertising revenues with other radio stationsmedia and entertainment businesses and outdoor advertising companies,businesses, as well as with other media, such as newspapers, magazines, television, direct mail, iPods, smart mobile phones, satellite radio and Internet basedInternet-based media, within their respective markets. Audience ratings and market shares are subject to change, which could have the effect of reducing our revenues in that market. Our competitors may develop services or advertising media that are equal or superior to those we provide or that achieve greater market acceptance and brand recognition than we achieve. It also is possible that new competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share in any of our business segments. An increased level of competition for advertising dollars may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match.

New technologies may increase competition with our broadcasting operations

Our terrestrial radio broadcasting operations face increasing competition from new technologies, such as broadband wireless, satellite radio, audio broadcasting by cable television systems and Internet-based audio music services, as well as new consumer products, such as portable digital audio players, smart mobile phones and other mobile applications. These new technologies and alternative media platforms, including the new technologies and media platforms used by us, compete with our radio stations for audience share and advertising revenues. We are unable to predict the effect that such technologies and related services and products will have on our broadcasting operations, but the capital expenditures necessary to implement these or other new technologies could be substantial. We cannot assure you that we will continue to have the resources to acquire new technologies or to introduce new services to compete with other new technologies or services, or that our investments in new technologies or services will provide the desired returns. Other companies employing such new technologies or services could more successfully implement such new technologies or services or otherwise increase competition with our businesses.

Our business is dependent upon the performance of on-air talent and program hosts as well as our management team and other key employees

We employ or independently contract with severalmany on-air personalities and hosts of syndicated radio programs with significant loyal audiences in their respective markets. Although we have entered into long-term agreements with some of our key on-air talent and program hosts to protect our interests in those relationships, we can give no assurance that all or any of these persons will remain with us or will retain their audiences. Competition for these individuals is intense and many of these individuals are under no legal obligation to remain with us. Our competitors may choose to extend offers to any of these individuals on terms which we may be unwilling to meet. Furthermore, the popularity and audience loyalty of our key on-air talent and program hosts is highly sensitive to rapidly changing public tastes. A loss of such popularity or audience loyalty is beyond our control and could limithave a material adverse effect on our ability to generate revenues.

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attract local and/or national advertisers and on our revenue and/or ratings, and could result in increased expenses.


Our business is alsodependent on our management team and other key individuals

Our business is dependent upon the performance of our management team and other key employees.individuals. A number of key individuals have joined us over the past two years, including Robert W. Pittman, who became our Chief Executive Officer on October 2, 2011. Although we have entered into long-term agreements with some members of theseour management team and certain other key individuals, we can give no assurance that all or any of our executive officers ormanagement team and other key employeesindividuals will remain with us. Competition for these individuals is intense and many of our key employees are at-will employees who are under no legal obligation to remain with us. In addition, any or all of our executive officers or key employeesus, and may decide to leave for a variety of personal or other reasons beyond our control. The loss ofIf members of our management team or key individuals decide to leave us in the future, or if we are not successful in attracting, motivating and retaining other key employees, our business could be adversely affected.

Extensive current government regulation, and future regulation, may limit our radio broadcasting and other media and entertainment operations or adversely affect our business and financial results

Congress and several federal agencies, including the FCC, extensively regulate the domestic radio industry. For example, the FCC could impact our profitability by imposing large fines on us if, in response to pending complaints, it finds that we broadcast indecent programming. Additionally, we cannot be sure that the FCC will approve renewal of the licenses we must have in order to operate our stations. Nor can we be assured that our licenses will be renewed without conditions and for a full term. The non-renewal, or conditioned renewal, of a substantial number of our FCC licenses, could have a negativematerially adverse impact on our operations. Furthermore, possible changes in interference protections, spectrum allocations and other technical rules may negatively affect the operation of our stations. For example, in January 2011 a law that eliminates certain minimum distance separation requirements between full-power and low-power FM radio stations was enacted, which could lead to increased interference between our stations and low-power FM stations. In March 2011 the FCC adopted policies which, in certain circumstances, could make it more difficult for radio stations to relocate to increase their population coverage. In addition, Congress, the FCC and other regulatory agencies have considered, and may in the future consider and adopt, new laws, regulations and policies that could, directly or indirectly, have an adverse effect on our business operations and financial performance. In particular, Congress is considering legislation that would impose an obligation upon all U.S. broadcasters to pay performing artists a royalty for use of their sound recordings (this would be in addition to payments already made by broadcasters to owners of musical work rights, such as songwriters, composers and publishers). We cannot predict whether this or other legislation affecting our media and entertainment business will be adopted. Such legislation could have a material impact on our operations and financial results. Finally, various regulatory matters relating to our media and entertainment business are now, or may become, the subject of court litigation, and we cannot predict the outcome of any such litigation or its impact on our business.

Government regulation of outdoor advertising may restrict our outdoor advertising operations

U.S. Federal, state and local regulations have a significant impact on the outdoor advertising industry and our business. One of the seminal laws is the HBA, which regulates outdoor advertising on Federal-Aid Primary, Interstate and National Highway Systems’ roads in the United States. The HBA regulates the size and location of billboards, mandates a state compliance program, requires the development of state standards, promotes the expeditious removal of illegal signs and requires just compensation for takings. Construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, upgrading, height, size, spacing, the location and permitting of billboards and the use of new technologies for changing displays, such as digital displays, are regulated by federal, state and local governments. From time to time, states and municipalities have prohibited or significantly limited the construction of new outdoor advertising structures. Changes in laws and

regulations affecting outdoor advertising at any level of government, including laws of the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate, could have a significant financial impact on us by requiring us to make significant expenditures or otherwise limiting or restricting some of our operations. Due to such regulations, it has become increasingly difficult to develop new outdoor advertising locations.

From time to time, certain state and local governments and third parties have attempted to force the removal of our displays under various state and local laws, including zoning ordinances, permit enforcement, condemnation and amortization. Amortization is the attempted forced removal of legal non-conforming billboards (billboards which conformed with applicable laws and regulations when built, but which do not conform to current laws and regulations) or the commercial advertising placed on such billboards after a period of years. Pursuant to this concept, the governmental body asserts that just compensation is earned by continued operation of the billboard over time. Amortization is prohibited along all controlled roads and generally prohibited along non-controlled roads. Amortization has, however, been upheld along non-controlled roads in limited instances where provided by state and local law. Other regulations limit our ability to rebuild, replace, repair, maintain and upgrade non-conforming displays. In addition, from time to time third parties or local governments assert that we own or operate displays that either are not properly permitted or otherwise are not in strict compliance with applicable law. For example, court rulings have upheld regulations in the City of New York that have impacted our displays in certain areas within the city. Such regulations and allegations have not had a material impact on our results of operations to date, but if we are increasingly unable to resolve such allegations or obtain acceptable arrangements in circumstances in which our displays are subject to removal, modification or amortization, or if there occurs an increase in such regulations or their enforcement, our operating results could suffer.

A number of state and local governments have implemented or initiated taxes, fees and registration requirements in an effort to decrease or restrict the number of outdoor signs and/or to raise revenue. From time to time, legislation also has been introduced in foreign jurisdictions attempting to impose taxes on revenue from outdoor advertising or for the right to use outdoor advertising assets. In addition, a number of jurisdictions, including the City of Los Angeles, have implemented legislation or interpreted existing legislation to restrict or prohibit the installation of new digital billboards. While these measures have not had a material impact on our business and financial results to date, we expect these efforts to continue. The increased imposition of operations.

Extensive governmentthese measures, and our inability to overcome any such measures, could reduce our operating income if those outcomes require removal or restrictions on the use of preexisting displays. In addition, if we are unable to pass on the cost of these items to our clients, our operating income could be adversely affected.

International regulation including laws dealingof the outdoor advertising industry can vary by municipality, region and country, but generally limits the size, placement, nature and density of out-of-home displays. Other regulations limit the subject matter and language of out-of-home displays. Our failure to comply with indecency,these or any future international regulations could have an adverse impact on the effectiveness of our displays or their attractiveness to clients as an advertising medium and may limitrequire us to make significant expenditures to ensure compliance. As a result, we may experience a significant impact on our broadcasting operations, or adversely affectrevenue, international client base and overall financial condition.

Additional restrictions on outdoor advertising of tobacco, alcohol and other products may further restrict the categories of clients that can advertise using our businessproducts

     The federal government extensively regulates

Out-of-court settlements between the domestic broadcasting industry,major U.S. tobacco companies and any changesall 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and four other U.S. territories include a ban on the outdoor advertising of tobacco products. Other products and services may be targeted in the current regulatory scheme could significantly affect us.

     Provisions of federal law regulate the broadcast of obscene, indecent, or profane material. The FCC has substantially increased its monetary penalties for violations of these regulations. Congressional legislation enacted in 2006 provides the FCC with authority to impose fines of up to $325,000 per violation for the broadcast of such material. We therefore face increased costsU.S. in the formfuture, including alcohol products. Most European Union countries, among other nations, also have banned outdoor advertisements for tobacco products and legislation regulating alcohol advertising has been introduced in a number of fines for indecency violations,European countries in which we conduct business and cannot predict whether Congress will considercould have a similar impact. Any significant reduction in alcohol-related advertising or adopt further legislationadvertising of other products due to content-related restrictions could cause a reduction in this area.
our direct revenues from such advertisements and an increase in the available space on the existing inventory of billboards in the outdoor advertising industry.

Environmental, health, safety and land use laws and regulations may limit or restrict some of our operations

As the owner or operator of various real properties and facilities, especially in our outdoor advertising operations, we must comply with various foreign, federal, state and local environmental, health, safety and land use laws and regulations. We and our properties are subject to such laws and regulations relating to the use, storage, disposal, emission and release of hazardous and non-hazardous substances and employee health and safety as well as zoning restrictions. Historically, we have not incurred significant expenditures to comply with these laws. However, additional laws which may be passed in the future, or a finding of a violation of or liability under existing laws, could require us to make significant expenditures and otherwise limit or restrict some of our operations.

Government regulation of outdoor advertising may restrict our outdoor advertising operations
     United States federal, state and local regulations have a significant impact on the outdoor advertising industry and our business. One of the seminal laws was the HBA, which regulates outdoor advertising on the 306,000 miles of Federal-Aid Primary, Interstate and National Highway Systems. The HBA regulates the size and location of billboards, mandates a state compliance program, requires the development of state standards, promotes the expeditious removal of illegal signs, and requires just compensation for takings. Construction, repair, lighting, height, size, spacing and the location of billboards and the use of new technologies for changing displays, such as digital displays, are regulated by federal, state and local governments. From time to time, states and municipalities have prohibited or significantly limited the construction of new outdoor advertising structures, and also permitted non-conforming structures to be rebuilt by third parties. Changes in laws and regulations affecting outdoor advertising at any level of government, including laws of the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate, could have a significant financial impact on us by requiring us to make significant expenditures or otherwise limiting or restricting some of our operations.
     From time to time, certain state and local governments and third parties have attempted to force the removal of our displays under various state and local laws, including condemnation and amortization. Amortization is the attempted forced removal of legal but non-conforming billboards (billboards which conformed with applicable zoning regulations when built, but which do not conform to current zoning regulations) or the commercial advertising placed on such billboards after a period of years. Pursuant to this concept, the governmental body asserts that just compensation is earned by continued operation of the billboard over time. Amortization is prohibited along all controlled roads and generally prohibited along non-controlled roads. Amortization has, however, been upheld along non-controlled roads in limited instances where provided by state and local law. Other regulations limit our ability to rebuild, replace, repair and upgrade non-conforming displays. In addition, from time to time third parties or local governments assert that we own or operate displays that either are not properly permitted or otherwise are not in strict compliance with applicable law. Although we believe that the number of our billboards that may be subject to removal based on alleged noncompliance is immaterial, from time to time we have been required to remove billboards for alleged noncompliance. Such regulations and allegations have not had a material impact on our results of operations to date, but if we are increasingly unable to resolve such allegations or obtain acceptable arrangements in circumstances in which our displays are subject to removal, modification, or amortization, or if there occurs an increase in such regulations or their enforcement, our operating results could suffer.

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     A number of state and local governments have implemented or initiated legislative billboard controls, including taxes, fees and registration requirements in an effort to decrease or restrict the number of outdoor signs and/or to raise revenue. While these controls have not had a material impact on our business and financial results to date, we expect states and local governments to continue these efforts. The increased imposition of these controls and our inability to pass on the cost of these items to our clients could negatively affect our operating income.
     International regulation of the outdoor advertising industry varies by region and country, but generally limits the size, placement, nature and density of out-of-home displays. Other regulations limit the subject matter and language of out-of-home displays. For instance, the United States and most European Union countries, among other nations, have banned outdoor advertisements for tobacco products. Our failure to comply with these or any future international regulations could have an adverse impact on the effectiveness of our displays or their attractiveness to clients as an advertising medium and may require us to make significant expenditures to ensure compliance. As a result, we may experience a significant impact on our operations, revenue, International client base and overall financial condition.
Additional restrictions on outdoor advertising of tobacco, alcohol and other products may further restrict the categories of clients that can advertise using our products
     Out-of-court settlements between the major United States tobacco companies and all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and four other United States territories include a ban on the outdoor advertising of tobacco products. Other products and services may be targeted in the future, including alcohol products. Legislation regulating tobacco and alcohol advertising has also been introduced in a number of European countries in which we conduct business and could have a similar impact. Any significant reduction in alcohol-related advertising due to content-related restrictions could cause a reduction in our direct revenues from such advertisements and an increase in the available space on the existing inventory of billboards in the outdoor advertising industry.
Doing business in foreign countries createsexposes us to certain risks not found inwhen doing business in the United States

Doing business in foreign countries carries with it certain risks that are not found inwhen doing business in the United States. TheThese risks of doing business in foreign countries that could result in losses against which we are not insuredinsured. Examples of these risks include:

potential adverse changes in the diplomatic relations of foreign countries with the United States;

exposure to local economic conditions;
potential adverse changes in the diplomatic relations of foreign countries with the United States;
hostility from local populations;
the adverse effect of currency exchange controls;
restrictions on the withdrawal of foreign investment and earnings;
government policies against businesses owned by foreigners;
investment restrictions or requirements;
expropriations of property;
the potential instability of foreign governments;
the risk of insurrections;
risks of renegotiation or modification of existing agreements with governmental authorities;
foreign exchange restrictions;
withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries; and
changes in taxation structure.

hostility from local populations;

the adverse effect of foreign exchange controls;

government policies against businesses owned by foreigners;

investment restrictions or requirements;

expropriations of property without adequate compensation;

the potential instability of foreign governments;

the risk of insurrections;

risks of renegotiation or modification of existing agreements with governmental authorities;

difficulties collecting receivables and otherwise enforcing contracts with governmental agencies and others in some foreign legal systems;

withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries;

changes in tax structure and level; and

changes in laws or regulations or the interpretation or application of laws or regulations.

In addition, because we own assets in foreign countries and derive revenues from our internationalInternational operations, we may incur currency translation losses due to changes in the values of foreign currencies and in the value of the United StatesU.S. dollar. We cannot predict the effect of exchange rate fluctuations upon future operating results.

Our International operations involve contracts with, and regulation by, foreign governments. We operate in many parts of the world that experience corruption to some degree. Although we have policies and procedures in place that are designed to promote legal and regulatory compliance (including with respect to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the United Kingdom Bribery Act 2010), our employees, subcontractors and agents could take actions that violate applicable anticorruption laws or regulations. Violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.

The success of our street furniture and transit products is dependent on our obtaining key municipal concessions, which we may not be able to obtain on favorable terms

Our street furniture and transit products businesses require us to obtain and renew contracts with municipalities and other governmental entities. Many of these contracts, which require us to participate in competitive bidding processes at each renewal, typically have terms ranging from three to 20 years and have revenue share and/or fixed payment components. Our inability to successfully negotiate, renew or complete these contracts due to governmental demands and delay and the highly competitive bidding processes for these contracts could affect our ability to offer these products to our clients, or to offer them to our clients at rates that are competitive to other forms of advertising, without adversely affecting our financial results.

Future acquisitions and other strategic transactions could pose risks

We frequently evaluate strategic opportunities both within and outside our existing lines of business. We expect from time to time to pursue additional acquisitions and may decide to dispose of certain businesses. These acquisitions or dispositions could be material. Our acquisition strategy involves numerous risks, including:

our acquisitions may prove unprofitable and fail to generate anticipated cash flows;

certain of our acquisitions may prove unprofitable and fail to generate anticipated cash flows;
to successfully manage our large portfolio of broadcasting, outdoor advertising and other properties, we may need to:

to successfully manage our large portfolio of media and entertainment, outdoor advertising and other businesses, we may need to:

recruit additional senior management as we cannot be assured that senior management of acquired companiesbusinesses will continue to work for us and we cannot be certain that any of our recruiting efforts will succeed, and

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expand corporate infrastructure to facilitate the integration of our operations with those of acquired properties,businesses, because failure to do so may cause us to lose the benefits of any expansion that we decide to undertake by leading to disruptions in our ongoing businesses or by distracting our management;

entry into markets and geographic areas where we have limited or no experience;
we may encounter difficulties in the integration of operations and systems;
our management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns; and
we may lose key employees of acquired companies or stations.

we may enter into markets and geographic areas where we have limited or no experience;

we may encounter difficulties in the integration of operations and systems; and

our management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns.

Additional acquisitions by us of radiomedia and television stationsentertainment businesses and outdoor advertising propertiesbusinesses may require antitrust review by federal antitrust agencies and may require review by foreign antitrust agencies under the antitrust laws of foreign jurisdictions. We can give no assurances that the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) orDOJ, the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”)FTC or foreign antitrust agencies will not seek to bar us from acquiring additional radio or television stationsmedia and entertainment businesses or outdoor advertising propertiesbusinesses in any market where we already have a significant position. The DOJ also actively reviews proposed acquisitions of media and entertainment businesses and outdoor advertising properties.businesses. In addition, the antitrust laws of foreign jurisdictions will apply if we acquire international broadcasting properties.

Capitaloutdoor or media and entertainment businesses. Further, radio acquisitions by us are subject to FCC approval. Such acquisitions must comply with the Communications Act and FCC regulatory requirements necessaryand policies, including with respect to implement strategic initiativesthe number of broadcast facilities in which a person or entity may have an ownership or attributable interest, in a given local market, and the level of interest that may be held by a foreign individual or entity. The FCC’s media ownership rules remain subject to ongoing agency and court proceedings. Future changes could pose risks
     The purchase price of possible acquisitions and/or other strategic initiatives could require additional indebtedness or equity financing on our part. Since the terms and availability of this financing depend to a large degree upon general economic conditions and third parties over which we have no control, we can give no assurance that we will obtain the needed financing or that we will obtain such financing on attractive terms. In addition,restrict our ability to obtain financing depends on a number of other factors, many of which are also beyond our control, such as interest rates and national and local business conditions. If the cost of obtaining needed financing is too highacquire new radio assets or the terms of such financing are otherwise unacceptable in relation to the strategic opportunity we are presented with, we may decide to forego that opportunity. Additional indebtedness could increase our leverage and make us more vulnerable to economic downturns and may limit our ability to withstand competitive pressures.
New technologies may affect our broadcasting operations
     Our broadcasting businesses face increasing competition from new broadcast technologies, such as broadband wireless and satellite radio, and new consumer products, such as portable digital audio players. These new technologies and alternative media platforms compete with our radio stations for audience share and advertising revenues. The FCC has also approved new technologies for use in the radio broadcasting industry, including the terrestrial delivery of digital audio broadcasting, which significantly enhances the sound quality of radio broadcasts. We have converted approximately 498 of our radio stations to digital broadcasting as of December 31, 2008. We are unable to predict the effect such technologies and related services and products will have on our broadcasting operations, but the capital expenditures necessary to implement such technologies could be substantial and other companies employing such technologies could compete with our businesses.
We may be adversely affected by the occurrence of extraordinary events, such as terrorist attacks
     The occurrence of extraordinary events, such as terrorist attacks, intentional or unintentional mass casualty incidents, or similar events may substantially decrease the use of and demand for advertising, which may decrease our revenues or expose us to substantial liability. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, for example, caused a nationwide disruption of commercial activities. As a result of the expanded news coverage following the attacks and subsequent military actions, we experienced a loss in advertising revenues and increased incremental operating expenses. The occurrence of future terrorist attacks, military actions by the United States, contagious disease outbreaks, or similar events cannot be predicted, and their occurrence can be expected to further negatively affect the economies of the United States and other foreign countries where we do business generally, specifically the market for advertising.

Risks RelatingRelated to Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock

The market price and trading volume of our Class A common stock may be volatile

The market price of our Class A common stock could fluctuate significantly for many reasons, including, without limitation:

as a result of the risk factors listed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K;

as a result of the risk factors listed in this annual report on Form 10-K;
actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;

reasons unrelated to operating performance, such as reports by industry analysts, investor perceptions, or negative announcements by our customers or competitors regarding their own performance;

regulatory changes that could impact our business; and

general economic and industry conditions.

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reasons unrelated to operating performance, such as reports by industry analysts, investor perceptions, or negative announcements by our customers or competitors regarding their own performance;
regulatory changes that could impact our business; and
general economic and industry conditions.
Shares of our Class A common stock are quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board. The lack of an active market may impair the ability of holders of our Class A common stock to sell their shares of Class A common stock at the time they wish to sell them or at a price that they consider reasonable. The lack of an active market may also reduce the fair market value of the shares of our Class A common stock.
We have a large amount of indebtedness
     We currently use a portion of our operating income for debt service. Our leverage could make us vulnerable to an increase in interest rates or a downturn in the operating performance of our businesses due to various factors including a decline in general economic conditions. We may incur additional indebtedness to finance capital expenditures, acquisitions or to refinance indebtedness, as well as for other purposes. On February 6, 2009, we borrowed the approximately $1.6 billion of remaining availability under our $2.0 billion revolving credit facility. We made the borrowing to improve our liquidity position in light of continuing uncertainty in credit market and economic conditions. Our debt obligations could increase substantially because of acquisitions and other transactions that may be approved by our Board as well as the indebtedness of companies that we may acquire in the future.
     Such a large amount of indebtedness could have negative consequences for us, including, without limitation:
dedicating a substantial portion of our cash flow to the payment of principal and interest on indebtedness, thereby reducing cash available for other purposes, including to fund operations and capital expenditures, invest in new technology and pursue other business opportunities;
limiting our liquidity and operational flexibility and limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes;
limiting our ability to adjust to changing economic, business and competitive conditions;
requiring us to defer planned capital expenditures, reduce discretionary spending, selling assets, restructure existing indebtedness or defer acquisitions or other strategic opportunities;
limiting our ability to refinance any of our indebtedness or increasing the cost of any such financing in any downturn in our operating performance or decline in general economic conditions;
making us more vulnerable to an increase in interest rates, a downturn in our operating performance or a decline in general economic conditions; and
making us more susceptible to changes in credit ratings which could impact our ability to obtain financing in the future and increase the cost of such financing.
     If compliance with our debt obligations materially hinders our ability to operate our business and adapt to changing industry conditions, we may lose market share, our revenue may decline and our operating results may suffer. The terms of our credit facilities allow us, under certain conditions, to incur further indebtedness, which heightens the foregoing risks. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow from operations in the future, which together with cash on hand and availability under our senior secured credit facilities, is not sufficient to service our debt, we may have to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness or to obtain additional financing. There can be no assurance that any refinancing of this kind would be possible or that any additional financing could be obtained.
The documents governing our indebtedness contain restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business
     Our financing agreements contain various covenants that limit our ability to engage in specified types of transactions. These covenants limit our ability to, among other things, incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, incur or permit liens, merge or consolidate with or into, another company, sell assets, pay dividends and other payments in respect to our capital stock, including to redeem or repurchase our capital stock, make certain acquisitions and investments and enter into transactions with affiliates.
     The failure to comply with the covenants in the agreements governing the terms of our or our subsidiaries’ indebtedness could be an event of default and could accelerate the payment obligations and, in some cases, could affect other obligations with cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions.
Our failure to comply with the covenants in our financing agreements could be an event of default and could accelerate the payment obligations and, in some cases, could affect other obligations with cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions

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     In addition to covenants imposing restrictions on our business and operations, our senior secured credit facilities include covenants relating to financial ratios and tests. Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. The breach of any covenants set forth in our financing agreements would result in a default thereunder. An event of default would permit the lenders under a defaulted financing agreement to declare all indebtedness thereunder to be due and payable prior to maturity. Moreover, the lenders under the revolving credit facility under our senior secured credit facilities would have the option to terminate their commitments to make further extensions of revolving credit thereunder. If we are unable to repay our obligations under any senior secured credit facilities or the receivables based credit facility, the lenders under such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility could proceed against any assets that were pledged to secure such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility. In addition, a default or acceleration under any of our financing agreements could cause a default under other of our obligations that are subject to cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions.
There is no assurance that holders of our Class A common stock will ever receive cash dividends
     There

We have never paid cash dividends on our Class A common stock, and there is no guarantee that we will ever pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock.stock in the future. The terms of our credit facilities and other debt restrict our ability to pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock. In addition to those restrictions, under Delaware law, we are permitted to pay cash dividends on our capital stock only out of our surplus, which in general terms means the excess of our net assets over the original aggregate par value of itsour stock. In the event we have no surplus, we are permitted to pay these cash dividends out of our net profits for the year in which the dividend is declared or in the immediately preceding year. Accordingly, there is no guarantee that, if we wish to pay cash dividends, we would be able to do so pursuant to Delaware law. Also, even if we are not prohibited from paying cash dividends by the terms of our debt or by law, other factors such as the need to reinvest cash back into our operations may prompt our boardBoard of directorsDirectors to elect not to pay cash dividends.

We may terminate our Exchange Act reporting, if permitted by applicable law

     We voluntarily file periodic reports (including annual and quarterly reports) and we may cease filing periodic reports (if permitted by applicable law). If we were to cease to be a reporting company under the Exchange Act, and to the extent not required in connection with any other of our debt orSignificant equity securities registered or required to be registered under the Exchange Act, the information now available to our stockholders in the annual, quarterly and other reports required to be filed by us with the SEC would not be available to them as a matter of right.
Entities advised by or affiliated with Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. and Bain Capital Partners, LLCinvestors control us and may have conflicts of interest with us in the future
     Entities advised

Private equity funds sponsored by or affiliatedco-investors with Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. (“THL”) and Bain Capital Partners, LLC (“Bain”)and THL currently indirectly control us through their ownership of all of our outstanding shares of Class B common stock and Class C common stock, which collectively represent approximately 72% of the voting power of all of our outstanding capital stock. As a result, THLBain Capital and BainTHL have the power to elect all but two of our directors (and, in addition, the Company has agreed that each of Mark P. Mays and Randall T. Mays shall serve as directors of the Company pursuant to the terms of their respective amended and restated employment agreements), appoint new management and approve any action requiring the approval of the holders of our capital stock, including adopting any amendments to our third amended and restated certificate of incorporation, and approving mergers or sales of substantially all of our capital stock or its assets. The directors elected by THLBain Capital and BainTHL will have significant authority to effectmake decisions affecting our capital structure,us, including the issuance of additional capital stock, change in control transactions, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the implementation of stock repurchase programs and the decision of whether or not to declare dividends.

In addition, Bain Capital and THL are lenders under Clear Channel’s term loan credit facilities. It is possible that their interests in some circumstances may conflict with our interests and the interests of other stockholders.

Additionally, THLBain Capital and BainTHL are in the business of making investments in companies and may acquire and hold interests in businessbusinesses that compete directly or indirectly with us. One or more of the entities advised by or affiliated with THL Bain Capital and/or BainTHL may also pursue acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business and, as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. So long as entities advised by or affiliated with THLBain Capital and BainTHL directly or indirectly own a significant amount of the voting power of our capital stock, even if such amount is less than 50%, THLBain Capital and BainTHL will continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively control our decisions.

We may terminate our Exchange Act reporting, if permitted by applicable law

If at any time our Class A common stock is held by fewer than 300 holders of record, we will be permitted to cease to be a reporting company under the Exchange Act to the extent we are not otherwise required to continue to report pursuant to any contractual agreements, including with respect to any of our indebtedness. If we were to cease filing reports under the Exchange Act, the information now available to our stockholders in the annual, quarterly and other reports we currently file with the SEC would not be available to them as a matter of right.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

Our subsidiary, Clear Channel, may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of its indebtedness and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy its obligations under its indebtedness, which may not be successful

We have a substantial amount of indebtedness. At December 31, 2011, we had $20.2 billion of total indebtedness outstanding, including: (1) $11.5 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding under Clear Channel’s term loan credit facilities and delayed draw credit facilities, which obligations mature at various dates from 2014 through 2016; (2) $1.3 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding under Clear Channel’s revolving credit facility, which will be available through July 2014, at which time all outstanding principal amounts under the revolving credit facility will be due and payable; (3) $1.7 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding of Clear Channel’s priority guarantee notes, net of $44.6 million of unamortized discounts, which mature March 2021; (4) $31.0 million aggregate principal amount of other secured debt; (5) $796.3 million and $829.8 million outstanding of Clear Channel’s senior cash pay notes and senior toggles notes, respectively, which mature August 2016; (6) $1.5 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding of Clear Channel’s senior notes, net of unamortized purchase accounting discounts of $469.8 million, which mature at various dates from 2012 through 2027; (7) $2.5 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding of subsidiary senior notes; and (8) other long-term obligations of $19.9 million. This large amount of indebtedness could have negative consequences for us, including, without limitation:

requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow to the payment of principal and interest on indebtedness, thereby reducing cash available for other purposes, including to fund operations and capital expenditures, invest in new technology and pursue other business opportunities;

limiting our liquidity and operational flexibility and limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes;

limiting our ability to adjust to changing economic, business and competitive conditions;

requiring us to defer planned capital expenditures, reduce discretionary spending, sell assets, restructure existing indebtedness or defer acquisitions or other strategic opportunities;

limiting our ability to refinance any of the indebtedness or increasing the cost of any such financing in any downturn in our operating performance or decline in general economic conditions;

making us more vulnerable to an increase in interest rates, a downturn in our operating performance or a decline in general economic or industry conditions; and

making us more susceptible to changes in credit ratings, which could impact our ability to obtain financing in the future and increase the cost of such financing.

If compliance with Clear Channel’s debt obligations materially hinders our ability to operate our business and adapt to changing industry conditions, we may lose market share, our revenue may decline and our operating results may suffer. The terms of Clear Channel’s credit facilities and other indebtedness allow us, under certain conditions, to incur further indebtedness, including secured indebtedness, which heightens the foregoing risks.

Clear Channel’s ability to make scheduled payments on its debt obligations depends on its financial condition and operating performance, which is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business and other factors beyond its or our control. In addition, because Clear Channel derives a substantial portion of its operating income from its subsidiaries, Clear Channel’s ability to repay its debt depends upon the performance of its subsidiaries and their ability to dividend or distribute funds to Clear Channel. Clear Channel may not be able to maintain a level of cash flows sufficient to permit it to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on its indebtedness.

For the year ended December 31, 2011, Clear Channel’s earnings were not sufficient to cover fixed charges by $402.4 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2010, Clear Channel’s earnings were not sufficient to cover fixed charges by $617.5 million.

If Clear Channel’s cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund its debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets or operations, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance the indebtedness. We may not be able to take any of these actions, and these actions may not be successful or permit Clear Channel to meet the scheduled debt service obligations. Furthermore, these actions may not be permitted under the terms of existing or future debt agreements.

The ability to restructure or refinance Clear Channel’s debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of the debt could be at higher interest rates and increase Clear Channel’s debt service obligations and may require us and Clear Channel to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. The terms of existing or future debt instruments may restrict us from adopting some of these alternatives. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us or Clear Channel to meet scheduled debt service obligations. If we or Clear Channel cannot make scheduled payments on indebtedness, it will be in default under one or more of the debt agreements and, as a result we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation.

CautionThe documents governing Clear Channel’s indebtedness contain restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business

Clear Channel’s material financing agreements, including its credit agreements and indentures, contain various covenants restricting, among other things, our ability to:

make acquisitions or investments;

make loans or otherwise extend credit to others;

incur indebtedness or issue shares or guarantees;

create liens;

sell, lease, transfer or dispose of assets;

merge or consolidate with other companies; and

make a substantial change to the general nature of our business.

In addition, under Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities, Clear Channel is required to comply with certain affirmative covenants and certain specified financial covenants and ratios. For instance, Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities require it to comply on a quarterly basis with a financial covenant limiting the ratio of its consolidated secured debt, net of cash and cash equivalents, to its consolidated EBITDA (as defined under the terms of the senior secured credit facilities) for the preceding four quarters.

The restrictions contained in Clear Channel’s credit agreements and indentures could affect our ability to operate our business and may limit our ability to react to market conditions or take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise. For example, such restrictions could adversely affect our ability to finance our operations, make strategic acquisitions, investments or alliances, restructure our organization or finance our capital needs. Additionally, the ability to comply with these covenants and restrictions may be affected by events beyond Clear Channel’s or our control. These include prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. If any of these covenants or restrictions are breached, Clear Channel could be in default under the agreements governing its indebtedness, and as a result we would be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation.

Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. Except for the historical information, this report contains various forward-looking statements which represent our expectations or beliefs concerning future events, including, without limitation, our future operating and financial performance, our ability to comply with the future levelscovenants in the agreements governing our

indebtedness and the availability of cash flow from operations. Management believes that all statements that expresscapital and the terms thereof. Statements expressing expectations and projections with respect to

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future matters including the planned sale of radio assets; our ability to negotiate contracts having more favorable terms; and the availability of capital resources are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act.Act of 1995. We caution that these forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties and are subject to many variables which could impact our financialfuture performance. These statements are made on the basis of management’s views and assumptions, as of the time the statements are made, regarding future events and business performance. There can be no assurance, however, that management’s expectations will necessarily come to pass. We do not intend, nor do we undertake any duty, to update any forward-looking statements.

A wide range of factors could materially affect future developments and performance, including:

the impact of our substantial indebtedness, including the effect of our leverage on our financial position and earnings;

the impact of the substantial indebtedness incurred to finance the consummation of the merger;
risks associated with the current global economic crisis and its impact on capital markets and liquidity;
the need to allocate significant amounts of our cash flow to make payments on our indebtedness, which in turn could reduce our financial flexibility and ability to fund other activities;
the impact of planned divestitures;
the impact of the global economic slowdown, which has adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses and other general economic and political conditions in the U.S. and in other countries in which we currently do business, including those resulting from recessions, political events and acts or threats of terrorism or military conflicts;
our cost savings initiatives may not be entirely successful;
the impact of the geopolitical environment;
our ability to integrate the operations of recently acquired companies;
shifts in population and other demographics;
industry conditions, including competition;
fluctuations in operating costs;
technological changes and innovations;
changes in labor conditions;
fluctuations in exchange rates and currency values;
capital expenditure requirements;
the outcome of pending and future litigation settlements;
legislative or regulatory requirements;
changes in interest rates;
the effect of leverage on our financial position and earnings;
taxes;
access to capital markets and borrowed indebtedness; and
certain other factors set forth in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

the need to allocate significant amounts of our cash flow to make payments on our indebtedness, which in turn could reduce our financial flexibility and ability to fund other activities;

risks associated with a global economic downturn and its impact on capital markets;

other general economic and political conditions in the United States and in other countries in which we currently do business, including those resulting from recessions, political events and acts or threats of terrorism or military conflicts;

industry conditions, including competition;

the level of expenditures on advertising;

legislative or regulatory requirements;

fluctuations in operating costs;

technological changes and innovations;

changes in labor conditions, including on-air talent, program hosts and management;

capital expenditure requirements;

risks of doing business in foreign countries;

fluctuations in exchange rates and currency values;

the outcome of pending and future litigation;

changes in interest rates;

taxes and tax disputes;

shifts in population and other demographics;

access to capital markets and borrowed indebtedness;

our ability to implement our business strategies;

the risk that we may not be able to integrate the operations of acquired businesses successfully;

the risk that our cost savings initiatives may not be entirely successful or that any cost savings achieved from those initiatives may not persist; and

certain other factors set forth in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

This list of factors that may affect future performance and the accuracy of forward-looking statements is illustrative and is not intended to be exhaustive. Accordingly, all forward-looking statements should be evaluated with the understanding of their inherent uncertainty.

ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff CommentsUNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not Applicable

None.

ITEM 2. PropertiesPROPERTIES

Corporate

Our corporate headquarters isand executive offices are located in San Antonio, Texas, where we own an approximately 55,000 square foot executive office building and an approximately 123,000 square foot data and administrative service center.

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In addition, certain of our executive and other operations are located in New York, New York.


CCME

Radio Broadcasting
Our radioCCME executive operations are located in our corporate headquarters in San Antonio, Texas.Texas and in New York, New York. The types of properties required to support each of our radio stations include offices, studios, transmitter sites and antenna sites. We either own or lease our transmitter and antenna sites. These leases generally have expiration dates that range from five to 15 years. A radio station’s studios are generally housed with its offices in downtown or business districts. A radio station’s transmitter sites and antenna sites are generally located in a manner that provides maximum market coverage.

Americas Outdoor and International Outdoor Advertising

The headquarters of our Americas Outdoor Advertisingoutdoor operations is in Phoenix, Arizona, and the headquarters of our International Outdoor Advertisingoutdoor operations is in London, England. The types of properties required to support each of our outdoor advertising branches include offices, production facilities and structure sites. An outdoor branch and production facility is generally located in an industrial or warehouse district.

     In both our

With respect to each of the Americas outdoor and International Outdoor Advertisingoutdoor segments, we primarily lease our outdoor display sites and own or have acquired permanent easements for relatively few parcels of real property that serve as the sites for our outdoor displays. Our remaining outdoor display sites are leased. Our leases generally range from month-to-month to year-to-year and can be for terms of 10 years or longer, and many provide for renewal options.

There is no significant concentration of displays under any one lease or subject to negotiation with any one landlord. We believe that an important part of our management activity is to negotiate suitable lease renewals and extensions.

Consolidated

The studios and offices of our radio stations and outdoor advertising branches are located in leased or owned facilities. These leases generally have expiration dates that range from one to 40 years. We do not anticipate any difficulties in renewing those leases that expire within the next several years or in leasing other space, if required. We own substantially all of the equipment used in our radio broadcastingCCME and outdoor advertising businesses.

     As noted above, as of December 31, 2008, we owned 894 radio stations For additional information regarding our CCME and owned or leased approximately 908,000 outdoor advertising display faces in various markets throughout the world. Therefore, no one property is material to our overall operations. We believe that our properties, are in good condition and suitable for our operations.
see “Item 1. Business.”

ITEM 3. Legal ProceedingsLEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We currently are currently involved in certain legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business and, as required, have accrued ouran estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims.those claims for which the occurrence of loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These estimates have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies related to these proceedings.

     On September 9, 2003, Additionally, due to the Assistant United States Attorney forinherent uncertainty of litigation, there can be no assurance that the Eastern District of Missouri caused a Subpoena to Testify before Grand Jury to be issued to us. The subpoena requires us to produce certain information regarding commercial advertising run by us on behalf of offshore and/or online (Internet) gambling businesses, including sports bookmaking and casino-style gambling. On October 5, 2006, we received a subpoena from the Assistant United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York requiring us to produce certain information regarding substantially the same matters as covered in the subpoena from the Eastern District of Missouri. We are cooperating with such requirements. While we are unable to estimate the impactresolution of any potential liabilities associated with these proceedings, the outcomeparticular claim or proceeding would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of these proceedings is not expected to be material to the Company.
     Weoperations.

Certain of our subsidiaries are a co-defendantco-defendants with Live Nation (which was spun off as an independent company in December 2005) in 22 putative class actions filed by different named plaintiffs in various district courts throughout the country.country beginning in May 2006. These actions generally allege that the defendants monopolized or attempted to monopolize the market for “live rock concerts” in violation of Section 2 of the Sherman Act. Plaintiffs claim that they paid higher ticket prices for defendants’ “rock concerts” as a result of defendants’ conduct. They seek damages in an undetermined amount. On April 17, 2006, the Judicial Panel for Multidistrict Litigation centralized these class action proceedings in the District Court for the Central District of California. On March 2, 2007, plaintiffs filed motions for class certificationThe district court has certified classes in five “template” cases involving five regional markets,markets: Los Angeles, Boston, New York City, Chicago and Denver. Defendants opposed that motionDiscovery has closed, and on October 22, 2007, the District Court issued its decision certifying the class for each regional market. On November 4, 2007, defendants filed a petition for permission to appeal the class certification ruling with the Ninth

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dispositive motions have been filed.


Circuit Court of Appeals. On November 5, 2007 the District Court issued a stay on all proceedings pending the Ninth Circuit’s decision on our Petition to Appeal. On February 19, 2008, the Ninth Circuit denied our Petition to Appeal, and we filed a Motion for Reconsideration of the District Court’s ruling on class certification. The plaintiffs have filed a reply to our motion and we have replied to their filing. The District Court’s decision on our Motion for Reconsideration is still pending. On February 18, 2009, the District Court requested that the parties submit briefs concerning issuing an additional stay of the proceedings. These briefs are due March 2, 2009. In the Master Separation and Distribution Agreement between usone of our subsidiaries and Live Nation that was entered into in connection with ourthe spin-off of Live Nation in December 2005, Live Nation agreed, among other things, to assume responsibility for legal actions existing at the time of, or initiated after, the spin-off in which we are a defendant if such actions relate in any material respect to the business of Live Nation. Pursuant to the agreement,Agreement, Live Nation also agreed to indemnify us with respect to all liabilities assumed by Live Nation, including those pertaining to the claims discussed above.
Merger-Related Litigation
     Eight putative class action lawsuits were filed

On or about July 12, 2006 and April 12, 2007, two of our operating businesses (L&C Outdoor Ltda. (“L&C”) and Publicidad Klimes São Paulo Ltda. (“Klimes”), respectively) in the District CourtSão Paulo, Brazil market received notices of Bexar County, Texas,infraction from the state taxing authority, seeking to impose a value added tax (“VAT”) on such businesses, retroactively for the period from December 31, 2001 through January 31, 2006. The taxing authority contends that these businesses fall within the definition of “communication services” and as such are subject to the VAT.

L&C and Klimes have filed separate petitions to challenge the imposition of this tax. L&C’s challenge in 2006the administrative courts was unsuccessful at the first level, but successful at the second administrative level. The state taxing authority filed an appeal to the third and final administrative level, which required consideration by a full panel of 16 administrative law judges. On September 27, 2010, L&C received an unfavorable ruling at this final administrative level, which concluded that the VAT applied. On December 15, 2011, a Special Chamber of the administrative court considered the reasonableness of the amount of the penalty assessed against L&C and significantly reduced the penalty. With the reduction, the amounts allegedly owed by L&C are approximately $8.6 million in connectiontaxes, approximately $4.3 million in penalties and approximately $18.4 million in interest (as of December 31, 2011 at an exchange rate of 0.534). On January 27, 2012, L&C filed a writ of mandamus in the 8th lower public treasury court in São Paulo, State of São Paulo, appealing the administrative court’s decision that the VAT applies. On that same day, L&C filed a motion for an injunction barring the taxing authority from collecting the tax, penalty and interest while the appeal is pending. The court denied the motion on January 30, 2012. L&C filed a motion for reconsideration, and in early February 2012, the court granted that motion and issued an injunction.

Klimes’ challenge was unsuccessful at the first level of the administrative courts, and denied at the second administrative level on or about September 24, 2009. On January 5, 2011, the administrative law judges at the third administrative level published a ruling that the VAT applies but significantly reduced the penalty assessed by the taxing authority. With the penalty reduction, the amounts allegedly owed by Klimes are approximately $9.7 million in taxes, approximately $4.8 million in penalties and approximately $20.1 million in interest (as of December 31, 2011 at an exchange rate of 0.534). In late February 2011, Klimes filed a writ of mandamus in the 13th lower public treasury court in São Paulo, State of São Paulo, appealing the administrative court’s decision that the VAT applies. On that same day, Klimes filed a motion for an injunction barring the taxing authority from collecting the tax, penalty and interest while the appeal is pending. The court denied the motion in early April 2011. Klimes filed a motion for reconsideration with the merger. Ofcourt and also appealed that ruling to the eight, threeSão Paulo State Higher Court, which affirmed in late April 2011. On June 20, 2011, the 13th lower public treasury court in São Paulo reconsidered its prior ruling and granted Klimes an injunction suspending any collection effort by the taxing authority until a decision on the merits is obtained at the first judicial level.

On August 8, 2011, Brazil’s National Council of Fiscal Policy (CONFAZ) published a rule authorizing a general amnesty to sixteen states, including the State of São Paulo, to reduce the principal amount of VAT allegedly owed for communications services and reduce or waive related interest and penalties. The State of São Paulo ratified the amnesty in late August 2011. However, in late 2011, the State of São Paulo decided not to pursue the general amnesty, but it has indicated that it would be willing to consider a special amnesty for the out-of-home industry. Klimes and L&C are actively exploring this opportunity but do not know whether the State ultimately will offer a special amnesty or what the terms of any special amnesty might be. Accordingly, the businesses continue to vigorously pursue their appeals in the lower public treasury court.

At December 31, 2011, the range of reasonably possible loss is from zero to approximately $31.2 million in the L&C matter and is from zero to approximately $34.6 million in the Klimes matter. The maximum loss that could ultimately be paid depends on the timing of the final resolution at the judicial level and applicable future interest rates. Based on our review of the law, the outcome of similar cases at the judicial level and the advice of counsel, we have been voluntarily dismissed, onenot accrued any costs related to these claims and believe the occurrence of loss is not probable.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

The following information with respect to our executive officers is presented as of February 15, 2012:

Name

  Age  

Position

Robert W. Pittman58Chief Executive Officer and Director
Thomas W. Casey49Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
C. William Eccleshare56Chief Executive Officer—Outdoor
Scott D. Hamilton42Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary
John E. Hogan55Chairman and Chief Executive Officer—Clear Channel Media and Entertainment
Robert H. Walls, Jr.51Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

The officers named above serve until the next Board of Directors meeting immediately following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders or until their respective successors are chosen and qualified, in each case unless the officer sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified. We expect to retain the individuals named above as our executive officers at such next Board of Directors meeting immediately following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

Robert W. Pittmanwas appointed as our Chief Executive Officer and a director, as Chief Executive Officer and a director of Clear Channel and as Executive Chairman and a director of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. on October 2, 2011. Prior thereto, Mr. Pittman served as Chairman of Media and Entertainment Platforms for us and Clear Channel since November 2010. He has been dismisseda member of, and an investor in, Pilot Group Manager, LLC, Pilot Group GP, LLC, and Pilot Group LP, a private equity partnership, since April 2003, and Pilot Group II GP, LLC, and Pilot Group II LP, a private equity partnership, since 2006. Mr. Pittman was formerly Chief Operating Officer of AOL Time Warner, Inc. from May 2002 to July 2002. He also served as Co-Chief Operating Officer of AOL Time Warner, Inc. from January 2001 to May 2002, and earlier, as President and Chief Operating Officer of America Online, Inc. from February 1998 to January 2001. Mr. Pittman serves on the boards of numerous charitable organizations, including the Alliance for lackLupus Research, the New York City Ballet, Public Theater, the Rock and Roll Hall of prosecutionFame Foundation and four are still pending. The remaining putative class actions, Teitelbaum v.the Robin Hood Foundation, where he has served as past Chairman.

Thomas W. Caseywas appointed as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Clear Channel Communications,and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., et al., No. 2006CI17492 (filed November 14, 2006), Cityeffective as of St. Clair Shores Police and Fire Retirement System v.January 4, 2010. On March 31, 2011, Mr. Casey was appointed to serve in the newly-created Office of the Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Communications,and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., et al., No. 2006CI17660 (filed November 16, 2006), Levy Investments, Ltd. v.in addition to his existing offices. Mr. Casey served in the Office of the Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et al., No. 2006CI17669 (filed November 16, 2006), DD Equity Partners LLC v.until October 2, 2011, and served in the Office of the Chief Executive Officer of Clear Channel Communications,Outdoor Holdings, Inc., et al., No. 2006CI7914 (filed until January 24, 2012. Prior to January 4, 2010, Mr. Casey served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Washington Mutual, Inc. from November 22, 2006), and Pioneer Investments Kapitalanlagegesellschaft MBH v. L. Lowry Mays, et al. (filed December 7, 2006), are consolidated into one proceeding and all raise substantially similar allegations on behalf2002 until October 2008. Washington Mutual, Inc. filed for protection under Chapter 11 of a purported class of our shareholders against the defendants for breaches of fiduciary duty in connection with the approval of the merger. The Pioneer Investments Kapitalanlagegesellschaft MBH v. L. Lowry Mays, et al. lawsuit has been dismissed by the court for lack of prosecution and we paid nothing in connection with the termination.

     Three other lawsuits were filed, two of which are still pending, in connection with the merger, Rauch v. Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et al., Case No. 2006-CI17436 (filed November 14, 2006), Pioneer Investments Kapitalanlagegesellschaft mbH v. Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et al., (filed January 30, 2007 in the United States District Court for the Western DistrictBankruptcy Code in September 2008. Prior to November 2002, Mr. Casey served as Vice President of Texas)General Electric Company and Alaska Laborers Employees Retirement Fund v.Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of GE Financial Assurance since 1999.

C. William Eccleshare was appointed as Chief Executive Officer – Outdoor of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications,and as Chief Executive Officer of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. on January 24, 2012. Prior thereto, he served as Chief Executive Officer—Clear Channel Outdoor—International of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel since February 17, 2011 and served as Chief Executive Officer—International of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. since September 1, 2009. Previously, he was Chairman and CEO of BBDO EMEA from 2005 to 2009. Prior thereto, he was Chairman and CEO of Young & Rubicam EMEA since 2002.

Scott D. Hamilton was appointed as our Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary, and as Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary of Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., et. al.on April 26, 2010. Previously, Mr. Hamilton served as Controller and Chief Accounting Officer of Avaya Inc. (“Avaya”), Case No. SA-07-CA-0042 (fileda multinational telecommunications company, from October 2008 to April 2010. Prior thereto, Mr. Hamilton served in various accounting and finance positions at Avaya, beginning in October 2004. Prior thereto, Mr. Hamilton was employed by PricewaterhouseCoopers from September 1992 until September 2004.

John E. Hoganwas appointed as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer – Clear Channel Media and Entertainment of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel on February 16, 2012. Previously, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer—Clear Channel Media and Entertainment (formerly known as Clear Channel Radio) of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel since July 30, 2008. Prior thereto, he served as the Senior Vice President and President and CEO of Radio for Clear Channel since August 2002.

Robert H. Walls, Jr.was appointed as our Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, and as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Clear Channel and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., on January 11, 2007). These lawsuits raise substantially similar allegations1, 2010. On March 31, 2011, Mr. Walls was appointed to those foundserve in the pleadingsnewly-created Office of the consolidated class actions. The Pioneer Investments Kapitalanlagegesellschaft mbH v.Chief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Communications,and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., et al. lawsuit has been dismissed by consentin addition to his existing offices. Mr. Walls served in the Office of the partiesChief Executive Officer of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and we paid nothingClear Channel until October 2, 2011, and served in connection with the dismissal.

     On July 24, 2008, approximately 20 months after the filingOffice of the first merger-related lawsuit, Clear Channel’s shareholders approved the merger. We believe that the approvalChief Executive Officer of the merger by the shareholders renders the claims in all the merger-related litigation moot. On November 5, 2008, counsel for plaintiffs in the various state court actions filed a petition in state court seeking the right to recover attorneys’ fees and expenses associated with their respective lawsuits. Clear Channel opposes the petition. The matter has not been resolved. Consequently, we may incur significant related expensesOutdoor Holdings, Inc. until January 24, 2012. Prior to January 1, 2010, Mr. Walls was a founding partner of Post Oak Energy Capital, LP and costs that could haveserved as Managing Director through December 31, 2009, and remains an adverse effect on our businessadvisor to and operations. Furthermore, the cases could involve a substantial diversionpartner of the timePost Oak Energy Capital, LP. Prior thereto, Mr. Walls was Executive Vice President and General Counsel of some membersEnron Corp., and a member of management. At this time, we are unable to estimate the impactits Chief Executive Office since 2002. Prior thereto, he was Executive Vice President and General Counsel of any potential liabilities associated with the claims for feesEnron Global Assets and expenses.
     We continue to believe that the allegations contained in eachServices, Inc. and Deputy General Counsel of the pleadings in the above-referenced actions are without merit and we intend to contest the actions vigorously. We cannot assure you that we will successfully defend the allegations included in the complaints or that pending motions to dismiss the lawsuits will be granted. If we are unable to resolve the claims that are the basis for the lawsuits or to prevail in any related litigation we may be required to pay substantial monetary damages for which we may not be adequately insured, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations. Regardless of the outcome of the lawsuits, we may incur significant related expenses and costs that could have an adverse effect on our business and operations. Furthermore, the cases could involve a substantial diversion of the time of some members of management. While we are unable to estimate the impact of any potential liabilities associated with these complaints, the amount of damages claimed in these pleadings is not expected to be material to the Company.
Enron Corp.

ITEM 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
     There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2008.

29


PART II

ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity SecuritiesMARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

Our Class A common shares are quoted for trading on the OTCOver-The-Counter (“OTC”) Bulletin Board under the symbol “CCMO”. There were 108343 shareholders of record as of February 26, 2009.January 31, 2012. This figure does not include an estimate of the indeterminate number of beneficial holders whose shares may be held of record by brokerage firms and clearing agencies. The following quotations obtained from the OTC Bulletin Board reflect the high and low bid prices for our Class A common stock based on inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not represent actual transactions.

         
  Common Stock Market Price
  High Low
2008
        
Third Quarter $18.95  $7.75 
Fourth Quarter  13.25   1.15 

   Class A
Common Stock
Market Price
         Class A
Common Stock
Market Price
 
   

High

   

Low

         

High

   

Low

 

2011

        2010    

First Quarter

  $9.00    $7.25      

First Quarter

  $4.95    $2.60  

Second Quarter

   9.83     6.00      

Second Quarter

   16.00     4.20  

Third Quarter

   8.50     5.00      

Third Quarter

   8.00     5.00  

Fourth Quarter

   6.50     4.00      

Fourth Quarter

   11.00     6.00  

There is no established public trading market for our Class B and Class C common stock. There were 555,556 Class B common shares and 58,967,502 Class C common shares outstanding on February 26, 2009.January 31, 2012. All of our outstanding shares of Class B common stock are held by Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC and all of our outstanding shares of Class C common stock are held by Clear Channel Capital V, L.P.

Dividend Policy

     The Company

We currently doesdo not intend to pay regular quarterly cash dividends on the shares of itsour common stock. The Company hasWe have not declared any dividend on itsour common stock since itsour incorporation. We are a holding company with no independent operations and no significant assets other than the stock of our subsidiaries. We, therefore, are dependent on the receipt of dividends or other distributions from our subsidiaries to pay dividends. In addition, Clear Channel’s debt financing arrangements include restrictions on its ability to pay dividends, which in turn affects the Company’sour ability to pay dividends.

See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations- Liquidity and Capital Resources- Sources of Capital” and Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Sales of Unregistered Securities

We did not sell any equity securities during 2011 that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933.

Purchases of Equity Compensation Plan

     Please referSecurities

The following table sets forth the purchases made during the quarter ended December 31, 2011 by us or on our behalf or by or on behalf of an affiliated purchaser of shares of our Class A common stock registered pursuant to ItemSection 12 of this Annual Report.

30

the Exchange Act:


Period

Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
Average
Price Paid
per Share
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased Under
the Plans or Programs
October 1 through October 31—  —  —  (1)
November 1 through November 30—  —  —  (1)
December 1 through December 31—  —  —  (1)

Total—  —  —  $    83,627,310 (1)

(1)

On August 9, 2010, Clear Channel announced that its board of directors approved a stock purchase program under which Clear Channel or its subsidiaries may purchase up to an aggregate of $100 million of our Class A common stock and/or the Class A common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., an

indirect subsidiary of Clear Channel. No shares of our Class A common stock were purchased under the stock purchase program during the three months ended December 31, 2011. However, during the three months ended December 31, 2011, a subsidiary of Clear Channel purchased $5,749,343 of the Class A common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (555,721 shares) through open market purchases, which, together with previous purchases under the program, leaves an aggregate of $83,627,310 available under the stock purchase program to purchase our Class A common stock and/or the Class A common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. The stock purchase program does not have a fixed expiration date and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at Clear Channel’s discretion.

ITEM 6. Selected Financial DataSELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following tables set forth our summary historical consolidated financial and other data as of the dates and for the periods indicated. The summary historical financial data are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future periods. Acquisitions and dispositions impact the comparability of the historical consolidated financial data reflected in this schedule of Selected Financial Data.

The summary historical consolidated financial and other data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto appearing elsewherelocated within Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 is comprised of two periods: post-merger and pre-merger. We applied purchase accounting adjustments to the opening balance sheet on July 31, 2008 as the merger occurred at the close of business on July 30, 2008. The merger resulted in this Form 10-K.

                     
  For the Years ended December 31, 
  2008(1)  2007(2)  2006(3)  2005  2004 
(In thousands) Combined  Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger 
Results of Operations Information:
                    
Revenue $6,688,683  $6,921,202  $6,567,790  $6,126,553  $6,132,880 
Operating expenses:                    
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  2,904,444   2,733,004   2,532,444   2,351,614   2,216,789 
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  1,829,246   1,761,939   1,708,957   1,651,195   1,644,251 
Depreciation and amortization  696,830   566,627   600,294   593,477   591,670 
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  227,945   181,504   196,319   167,088   163,263 
Merger expenses  155,769   6,762   7,633       
Impairment charge(4)
  5,268,858             
Other operating income — net  28,032   14,113   71,571   49,656   43,040 
                
Operating income (loss)  (4,366,377)  1,685,479   1,593,714   1,412,835   1,559,947 
Interest expense  928,978   451,870   484,063   443,442   367,511 
Gain (loss) on marketable securities  (82,290)  6,742   2,306   (702)  46,271 
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  100,019   35,176   37,845   38,338   22,285 
Other income (expense) — net  126,393   5,326   (8,593)  11,016   (30,554)
                
Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest, discontinued operations and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle  (5,151,233)  1,280,853   1,141,209   1,018,045   1,230,438 
Income tax benefit (expense)  524,040   (441,148)  (470,443)  (403,047)  (471,504)
Minority interest expense, net of tax  16,671   47,031   31,927   17,847   7,602 
                
Income (loss) before discontinued operations and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle  (4,643,864)  792,674   638,839   597,151   751,332 
Income from discontinued operations, net(5)
  638,391   145,833   52,678   338,511   94,467 
                
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle  (4,005,473)  938,507   691,517   935,662   845,799 
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net of tax of, $2,959,003 in 2004(6)
              (4,883,968)
                
Net income (loss) $(4,005,473) $938,507  $691,517  $935,662  $(4,038,169)
                

a new basis of accounting beginning on July 31,

2008.


(In thousands)  For the Years Ended December 31, 
   2011
Post-Merger
  2010
Post-Merger
  2009
Post-Merger
  2008
Combined
  2007(1)
Pre-Merger
 

Results of Operations Data:

      

Revenue

  $6,161,352   $5,865,685   $5,551,909   $6,688,683   $6,921,202  

Operating expenses:

      

Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   2,504,036    2,381,647    2,529,454    2,836,082    2,672,852  

Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   1,617,258    1,570,212    1,520,402    1,897,608    1,822,091  

Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   227,096    284,042    253,964    227,945    181,504  

Depreciation and amortization

   763,306    732,869    765,474    696,830    566,627  

Merger expenses

               155,769    6,762  

Impairment charges(2)

   7,614    15,364    4,118,924    5,268,858      

Other operating income (expense) – net

   12,682    (16,710  (50,837  28,032    14,113  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

   1,054,724    864,841    (3,687,146  (4,366,377  1,685,479  

Interest expense

   1,466,246    1,533,341    1,500,866    928,978    451,870  

Gain (loss) on marketable securities

   (4,827  (6,490  (13,371  (82,290  6,742  

Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates

   26,958    5,702    (20,689  100,019    35,176  

Other income (expense) – net

   (4,616  46,455    679,716    126,393    5,326  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes and discontinued operations

   (394,007  (622,833  (4,542,356  (5,151,233  1,280,853  

Income tax benefit (expense)

   125,978    159,980    493,320    524,040    (441,148
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income (loss) before discontinued operations

   (268,029  (462,853  (4,049,036  (4,627,193  839,705  

Income from discontinued operations, net(3)

   —      —      —      638,391    145,833  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Consolidated net income (loss)

   (268,029  (462,853  (4,049,036  (3,988,802  985,538  

Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest

   34,065    16,236    (14,950  16,671    47,031  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company

  $(302,094 $(479,089 $(4,034,086 $(4,005,473 $938,507  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000$ 000,000
  Post-Merger  Pre-Merger 
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
  For the  Five
Months
Ended

December
31,
  For  the
Seven
Months
Ended

July 30,
  For the  Year
Ended
December

31,
 
  2011  2010  2009  2008  2008  2007 (1) 

Net income (loss) per common share:

       

Basic:

       

Income (loss) attributable to the Company before discontinued operations

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.04 $0.80   $1.59  

Discontinued operations

              (0.02  1.29    0.30  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.06 $2.09   $1.89  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Diluted:

       

Income (loss) attributable to the Company before discontinued operations

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.04 $0.80   $1.59  

Discontinued operations

              (0.02  1.29    0.29  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company

 $(3.70 $(5.94 $(49.71 $(62.06 $2.09   $1.88  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Dividends declared per share

 $   $   $   $   $   $0.75  

(In thousands)  As of December 31, 
Balance Sheet Data:  2011
Post-Merger
  2010
Post-Merger
  2009
Post-Merger
  2008
Post-Merger
  2007(1)
Pre-Merger
 

Current assets

  $2,985,285   $3,603,173   $3,658,845   $2,066,555   $2,294,583  

Property, plant and equipment – net, including discontinued operations

   3,063,327    3,145,554    3,332,393    3,548,159    3,215,088  

Total assets

   16,542,039    17,460,382    18,047,101    21,125,463    18,805,528  

Current liabilities

   1,428,962    2,098,579    1,544,136    1,845,946    2,813,277  

Long-term debt, net of current maturities

   19,938,531    19,739,617    20,303,126    18,940,697    5,214,988  

Shareholders’ equity (deficit)

   (7,471,941  (7,204,686  (6,844,738  (2,916,231  9,233,851  

                          
  Post-merger   Pre-merger    
  For the five   For the seven    
  Months ended   Months ended  For the Pre-merger Years ended December 31, 
  December 31, 2008   July 30, 2008 2007(2)  2006(3) 2005  2004 
Net income (loss) per common share:                         
Basic:                         
Income (loss) before discontinued operations and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle $(62.04)  $.80  $1.60  $1.27  $1.09  $1.26 
Discontinued operations  (.02)   1.29   .30   .11   .62   .16 
                    
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle  (62.06)   2.09   1.90   1.38   1.71   1.42 
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle                  (8.19)
                    
Net income (loss) $(62.06)  $2.09  $1.90  $1.38  $1.71  $(6.77)
                    
Diluted:                         
Income (loss) before discontinued operations and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle $(62.04)  $.80  $1.60  $1.27  $1.09  $1.26 
Discontinued operations  (.02)   1.29   .29   .11   .62   .15 
                    
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle  (62.06)   2.09   1.89   1.38   1.71   1.41 
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle                  (8.16)
                    
Net income (loss) $(62.06)  $2.09  $1.89  $1.38  $1.71  $(6.75)
                    
Dividends declared per share $   $  $.75  $.75  $.69  $.45 
                    
                     
  As of December 31, 
  2008  2007(2)  2006(3)  2005  2004 
(In thousands) Post-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger 
Balance Sheet Data:
                    
Current assets $2,066,554  $2,294,583  $2,205,730  $2,398,294  $2,269,922 
Property, plant and equipment — net, including discontinued operations(7)
  3,548,159   3,215,088   3,236,210   3,255,649   3,328,165 
Total assets  21,125,463   18,805,528   18,886,455   18,718,571   19,959,618 
Current liabilities  1,845,946   2,813,277   1,663,846   2,107,313   2,184,552 
Long-term debt, net of current maturities  18,940,697   5,214,988   7,326,700   6,155,363   6,941,996 
Shareholders’ equity (deficit)  (3,380,147)  8,797,491   8,042,341   8,826,462   9,488,078 

(1)The statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 is comprised of two periods: post-merger and pre-merger. We applied preliminary purchase accounting adjustments to the opening balance sheet on July 31, 2008 as the merger occurred at the close of business on July 30, 2008. The merger resulted in a new basis of accounting beginning on July 31, 2008. Please refer to the consolidated financial statements located in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for details on the post-merger and pre-merger periods.
(2)Effective January 1, 2007, the Companywe adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, or FIN 48.codified in ASC 740-10. In accordance with the provisions of FIN 48,ASC 740-10, the effects of adoption were accounted for as a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to the balance of retained earnings on the date of adoption. The adoption of FIN 48ASC 740-10 resulted in a decrease of $0.2 million to the January 1, 2007 balance of “Retained deficit”, an increase of $101.7 million in “Other long term-liabilities” for unrecognized tax benefits and a decrease of $123.0 million in “Deferred income taxes”.

 
(3)Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted FASB Statement No. 123(R),Share-Based Payment. In accordance with the provisions of Statement 123(R), the Company elected to adopt the standard using the modified prospective method.
(4)(2)We recorded a non-cash impairment chargecharges of $7.6 million and $15.4 million during 2011 and 2010, respectively. We also recorded non-cash impairment charges of $4.1 billion in 2009 and $5.3 billion in 2008 as a result of the global economic slowdowndownturn which adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses in recent months, asbusinesses. Our impairment charges are discussed more fully in Item 7.8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 
(5)(3)Includes the results of operations of our live entertainment and sports representation businesses, which we spun-off on December 21, 2005, our television business, which we sold on March 14, 2008, and certain of our non-core radio stations.

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ITEM 7.
(6)We recorded a non-cash charge of $4.9 billion, net of deferred taxes of $3.0 billion, in 2004 as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle during the fourth quarter of 2004 as a result of the adoption of EITF Topic D-108,Use of the Residual Method to Value Acquired Assets other than Goodwill.
(7)Excludes the property, plant and equipment — net of our live entertainment and sports representation businesses, which we spun-off on December 21, 2005.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Consummation of Merger
     We were formed in May 2007 by private equity funds sponsored by Bain and THL for the purpose of acquiring the business of Clear Channel Communications, Inc., or Clear Channel. The acquisition was completed pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 16, 2006, as amended on April 18, 2007, May 17, 2007 and May 13, 2008. As a result of the merger, each issued and outstanding share of Clear Channel, other than shares held by certain of our principals that were rolled over and exchanged for shares of our Class A common stock, were either exchanged for (i) $36.00 in cash consideration, without interest, or (ii) one share of our Class A common stock.
     We accounted for our acquisition of Clear Channel as a purchase business combination in conformity with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141,Business Combinations, and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 88-16,Basis in Leveraged Buyout Transactions. We have preliminarily allocated a portion of the consideration paid to the assets and liabilities acquired at their initial estimated respective fair values with the remaining portion recorded at the continuing shareholders’ basis. Excess consideration after this preliminary allocation was recorded as goodwill.
     We estimated the preliminary fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities as of the merger date utilizing information available at the time the financial statements were prepared. These estimates are subject to refinement until all pertinent information is obtained. We are currently in the process of obtaining third-party valuations of certain of the acquired assets and liabilities and will complete our purchase price allocation in 2009. The final allocation of the purchase price may be different than the initial allocation.
Impairment Charge
     The global economic slowdown has adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses in recent months. As a result, we performed an impairment test in the fourth quarter of 2008 on our indefinite-lived FCC licenses, indefinite-lived permits and goodwill.
     Our FCC licenses and permits are valued using the direct valuation approach, with the key assumptions being market revenue growth rates, market share, profit margin, duration and profile of the build-up period, estimated start-up capital costs and losses incurred during the build-up period, the risk-adjusted discount rate and terminal values. This data is populated using industry normalized information representing an average asset within a market.
     The estimated fair value of FCC licenses and permits was below their carrying values. As a result, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $1.7 billion on our FCC licenses and permits. The United States and global economies are undergoing a period of economic uncertainty, which has caused, among other things, a general tightening in the credit markets, limited access to the credit market, lower levels of liquidity and lower consumer and business spending. These disruptions in the credit and financial markets and the continuing impact of adverse economic, financial and industry conditions on the demand for advertising negatively impacted the key assumptions in the discounted cash flow models used to value our FCC licenses and permits.
     The goodwill impairment test requires us to measure the fair value of our reporting units and compare the estimated fair value to the carrying value, including goodwill. Each of our reporting units is valued using a discounted cash flow model which requires estimating future cash flows expected to be generated from the reporting unit, discounted to their present value using a risk-adjusted discount rate. Terminal values were also estimated and discounted to their present value. Assessing the recoverability of goodwill requires us to make estimates and assumptions about sales, operating margins, growth rates and discount rates based on our budgets, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and marketplace data. There are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and management’s judgment in applying these factors.
     The estimated fair value of our reporting units was below their carrying values, which required us to compare the implied fair value of each reporting units’ goodwill with its carrying value. As a result, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $3.6 billion to reduce our goodwill. The macroeconomic factors discussed above had an adverse effect on our estimated cash flows and discount rates used in the discounted cash flow model.
     While we believe we had made reasonable estimates and utilized reasonable assumptions to calculate the fair value of our FCC licenses, permits and reporting units, it is possible a material change could occur to the estimated fair value of these assets. If our actual results are not consistent with our estimates, we could be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations.

33

OVERVIEW


Restructuring Program
     On January 20, 2009 we announced that we commenced a restructuring program targeting a reduction of fixed costs by approximately $350 million on an annualized basis. As part of the program, we eliminated approximately 1,850 full-time positions representing approximately 9% of total workforce. The restructuring program will also include other actions, including elimination of overlapping functions and other cost savings initiatives. The program is expected to result in restructuring and other non-recurring charges of approximately $200 million, although additional costs may be incurred as the program evolves. The cost savings initiatives are expected to be fully implemented by the end of the first quarter of 2010. No assurance can be given that the restructuring program will be successful or will achieve the anticipated cost savings in the timeframe expected or at all. In addition, we may modify or terminate the restructuring program in response to economic conditions or otherwise.
     As of December 31, 2008 we had recognized approximately $95.9 million of expenses related to our restructuring program. These expenses primarily related to severance of approximately $83.3 million and $12.6 million related to professional fees.
Sale of Non-core Radio Stations
     We determined that each radio station market in Clear Channel’s previously announced non-core radio station sales represents a disposal group consistent with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144,Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets(“Statement 144”). Consistent with the provisions of Statement 144, we classified these assets that are subject to transfer under the definitive asset purchase agreements as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Accordingly, depreciation and amortization associated with these assets was discontinued. Additionally, we determined that these assets comprise operations and cash flows that can be clearly distinguished, operationally and for financial reporting purposes, from the rest of the Company. We determined that the estimated fair value less costs to sell attributable to these assets was in excess of the carrying value of their related net assets held for sale.
Sale of the Television Business
     On March 14, 2008, Clear Channel completed the sale of its television business to Newport Television, LLC for $1.0 billion, adjusted for certain items including proration of expenses and adjustments for working capital. As a result, Clear Channel recorded a gain of $662.9 million as a component of “Income from discontinued operations, net” in our consolidated statement of operations during the quarter ended March 31, 2008. Additionally, net income and cash flows from the television business were classified as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations and the consolidated statements of cash flows, respectively, in 2008 through the date of sale and for all of 2007 and 2006. The net assets related to the television business were classified as discontinued operations as of December 31, 2007.
Format of Presentation
     Our consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, statements of cash flows and shareholders’ equity are presented for two periods: post-merger and pre-merger. Prior to the acquisition, we had not conducted any activities, other than activities incident to our formation and in connection with the acquisition, and did not have any assets or liabilities, other than as related to the acquisition. We applied preliminary purchase accounting to the opening balance sheet on July 31, 2008 as the merger occurred at the close of business on July 30, 2008 and the results of operations subsequent to this date reflect the impact of the new basis of accounting. The merger resulted in a new basis of accounting beginning on July 31, 2008 and the financial reporting periods are presented as follows:
The period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 includes the post-merger period. Subsequent to the acquisition, Clear Channel became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of ours and our business became that of Clear Channel and its subsidiaries.
The period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 includes the pre-merger period of Clear Channel. Prior to the consummation of our acquisition of Clear Channel, we had not conducted any activities, other than activities incident to our formation and in connection with the acquisition, and did not have any assets or liabilities, other than as related to the acquisition.
The 2007 and 2006 periods presented are pre-merger. The consolidated financial statements for all pre-merger periods were prepared using the historical basis of accounting for Clear Channel. As a result of the merger and the associated preliminary purchase accounting, the consolidated financial statements of the post-merger periods are not comparable to periods preceding the merger.
     The discussion in this MD&A is presented on a combined basis of the pre-merger and post-merger periods for 2008. The 2008 post-merger and pre-merger results are presented but are not discussed separately. We believe that the discussion on a combined basis is more meaningful as it allows the results of operations to be analyzed to 2007 and 2006.

34


Management’s discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition (“MD&A”) should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related footnotes. Our discussion is presented on both a consolidated and segment basis. Our reportable operating segments are Media and Entertainment (“CCME”, formerly known as our Radio Broadcasting,segment), Americas outdoor advertising (“Americas outdoor” or radio, which“Americas outdoor advertising”), and International outdoor advertising (“International outdoor” or “International outdoor advertising”). Our CCME segment provides media and entertainment services via broadcast and digital delivery and also includes our national syndication business,business. Our Americas Outdoor Advertising, or Americas,outdoor and International Outdoor Advertising, or International.outdoor segments provide outdoor advertising services in their respective geographic regions using various digital and traditional display types. Included in the “other”“Other” segment are our media representation business, Katz Media Group, as well as other general support services and initiatives.
initiatives, which are ancillary to our other businesses.

We manage our operating segments primarily focusing on their operating income, while Corporate expenses, Merger expenses, Impairment charge,charges, Other operating income (expense) — net, Interest expense, Gain (loss)Loss on marketable securities, Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates, Other income (expense) — net and Income tax benefit (expense) and Minority interest benefit (expense) — net of tax are managed on a total company basis and are, therefore, included only in our discussion of consolidated results.

Radio Broadcasting
     Our radio business has

Certain prior period amounts have been adversely impacted and may continuereclassified to be adversely impacted byconform to the difficult economic conditions currently present in the United States. The weakening economy in the United States has, among other things, adversely affected our clients’ need for advertising and marketing services thereby reducing demand for our advertising spots. Continuing weakening demand for these services could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

2011 presentation.

CCME

Our revenue is derived primarily from selling advertising time, or spots, on our radio stations, with advertising contracts typically less than one year in duration. The programming formats of our radio stations are designed to reach audiences with targeted demographic characteristics that appeal to our advertisers. ManagementWe also provide streaming content via the Internet, mobile and other digital platforms which reach national, regional and local audiences and derive revenues primarily from selling advertising time with advertising contracts similar to those used by our radio stations.

CCME management monitors average advertising rates, which are principally based on the length of the spot and how many people in a targeted audience listen to our stations, as measured by an independent ratings service. The size of the market influences rates as well, with larger markets typically receiving higher rates than smaller markets. Also, our advertising rates are influenced by the time of day the advertisement airs, with morning and evening drive-time hours typically priced the highest. Management monitors yield per available minute in addition to average rates because yield allows management to track revenue performance across our inventory. Yield is definedmeasured by management asin a variety of ways, including revenue earned divided by commercial capacity available.

minutes of advertising sold.

Management monitors macro levelmacro-level indicators to assess our radioCCME operations’ performance. Due to the geographic diversity and autonomy of our markets, we have a multitude of market specificmarket-specific advertising rates and audience demographics. Therefore, management reviews average unit rates across alleach of our stations.

Management looks at our radioCCME operations’ overall revenue as well as the revenue from each type of advertising, including local advertising, which is sold predominately in a station’s local market, and national advertising, which is sold across multiple markets. Local advertising is sold by each radio station’s sales staffsstaff while national advertising is sold, for the most part, through our national representation firm. Local advertising, which is our largest source of advertising revenue, and national advertising revenues are tracked separately because these revenue streams have different sales forces and respond differently to changes in the economic environment.

We periodically review and refine our selling structures in all markets in an effort to maximize the value of our offering to advertisers and, therefore, our revenue.

Management also looks at radioCCME revenue by market size, as defined by Arbitron.size. Typically, larger markets can reach larger audiences with wider demographics than smaller markets. Additionally, management reviews our share of CCME advertising revenues in markets where such information is available, as well as our share of target demographics listening to the radio in an average quarter hour. This metric gauges how well our formats are attracting and retaining listeners.

A portion of our radioCCME segment’s expenses vary in connection with changes in revenue. These variable expenses primarily relate to costs in our sales department, such as salaries, commissions and bad debt. Our programming and general and administrative departments incur most of our fixed costs, such as talent costs, rights fees, utilities and office salaries. Lastly, our highlyWe incur discretionary costs are in our marketing and promotions, department, which we primarily incuruse in an effort to maintain and/or increase our audience share.

Americas Lastly, we have incentive systems in each of our departments which provide for bonus payments based on specific performance metrics, including ratings, sales levels, pricing and International overall profitability.

Outdoor Advertising

Our outdoor advertising business has been, and may continue to be, adversely impacted by the difficult economic conditions currently present in the United States and other countries in which we operate. The continuing weakening economy has, among other things, adversely affected our clients’ need for advertising and marketing services, resulted in increased cancellations and non-renewals by our clients, thereby reducing our occupancy levels and could require us to lower our rates in order to remain competitive, thereby reducing our yield, or affect our client’s solvency. Any one or more of these effects could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

     Our revenue is derived from selling advertising space on the displays we own or operate in key markets worldwide, consisting primarily of billboards, street furniture and transit displays. Part of our long-term strategy for our outdoor advertising businesses is to pursue the technology of digital displays, including flat screens, LCDs and LEDs, as alternatives to traditional methods of displaying our clients’ advertisements. We are currently installing these technologies in certain markets, both domestically and internationally.

Management typically monitors our business by reviewing the average rates, average revenue per display, or yield, occupancy, and inventory levels of each of our display types by market.

We own the majority of our advertising displays, which typically are located on sites that we either lease or own or for which we have acquired permanent easements. Our advertising contracts with clients typically outline the number of displays reserved, the duration of the advertising campaign and the unit price per display.

35


     Our advertising rates are based on a number of different factors including location, competition, size of display, illumination, market and gross ratings points. Gross ratings points are the total number of impressions delivered, expressed as a percentage of a market population, of a display or group of displays. The number of impressions delivered by a display is measured by the number of people passing the site during a defined period of time and, in some international markets, is weighted to account for such factors as illumination, proximity to other displays and the speed and viewing angle of approaching traffic. Management typically monitors our business by reviewing the average rates, average revenue per display, or yield, occupancy, and inventory levels of each of our display types by market. In addition, because a significant portion of our advertising operations are conducted in foreign markets, the largest being France and the United Kingdom, management reviews the operating results from our foreign operations on a constant dollar basis. A constant dollar basis allows for comparison of operations independent of foreign exchange movements.
The significant expenses associated with our operations include (i) direct production, maintenance and installation expenses, (ii) site lease expenses for land under our displays and (iii) revenue-sharing or minimum guaranteed amounts payable under our billboard, street furniture and transit display contracts. Our direct production, maintenance and installation expenses include costs for printing, transporting and changing the advertising copy on our displays, the related labor costs, the vinyl and paper costs, electricity costs and the costs for cleaning and maintaining our displays. Vinyl and paper costs vary according to the complexity of the advertising copy and the quantity of displays. Our site lease expenses include lease payments for use of the land under our displays, as well as any revenue-sharing arrangements or minimum guaranteed amounts payable that we may have with the landlords. The terms of our site leases and revenue-sharing or minimum guaranteed contracts generally range from one to 20 years.

Americas Outdoor Advertising

Our advertising rates are based on a number of different factors including location, competition, size of display, illumination, market and gross ratings points. Gross ratings points are the total number of impressions delivered by a display or group of displays, expressed as a percentage of a market population. The number of impressions delivered by a display is measured by the number of people passing the site during a defined period of time. For all of our billboards in the United States, we use independent, third-party auditing companies to verify the number of impressions delivered by a display.

Client contract terms typically range from four weeks to one year for the majority of our display inventory in the United States. Generally, we own the street furniture structures and are responsible for their construction and maintenance. Contracts for the right to place our street furniture and transit displays and sell advertising space on them are awarded by municipal and transit authorities in competitive bidding processes governed by local law or are negotiated with private transit operators. Generally, these contracts have terms ranging from 10 to 20 years.

International Outdoor Advertising

Similar to our Americas outdoor business, advertising rates generally are based on the gross ratings points of a display or group of displays. The number of impressions delivered by a display, in some countries, is weighted to account for such factors as illumination, proximity to other displays and the speed and viewing angle of approaching traffic. In addition, because our International business, normal market practiceoutdoor advertising operations are conducted in foreign markets, primarily Europe and Asia, management reviews the operating results from our foreign operations on a constant dollar basis. A constant dollar basis allows for comparison of operations independent of foreign exchange movements.

Our International display inventory is typically sold to sell billboards and street furniture asclients through network packages, with client contract terms typically ranging from one to two weeks compared to contractwith terms typically ranging from four weeksof up to one year available as well. Internationally, contracts with municipal and transit authorities for the right to place our street furniture and transit displays typically provide for terms ranging from three to 15 years. The major difference between our International and Americas street furniture businesses is in the U.S.nature of the municipal contracts. In addition,our International outdoor business, these contracts typically require us to provide the municipality with a broader range of metropolitan amenities in exchange for which we are authorized to sell advertising space on certain sections of the structures we erect in the public domain. A different regulatory environment for billboards and competitive bidding for street furniture and transit display contracts, which constitute a larger portion of our International business and a different regulatory environment for billboards,internationally, may result in higher site lease costcosts in our International business compared to our Americas business. As a result, our margins are typically lesslower in our International business than in the Americas.

Macroeconomic Indicators

Our advertising revenue for all of our segments is highly correlated to changes in gross domestic product (“GDP”) as advertising spending has historically trended in line with GDP, both domestically and internationally. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, estimated U.S. GDP growth for 2011 was 1.7%. Internationally, our results are impacted by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates as well as the economic conditions in the foreign markets in which we have operations.

Executive Summary

The key highlights of our business for the year ended December 31, 2011 are summarized below:

Consolidated revenue increased $295.7 million during 2011 compared to 2010.

     Our

CCME revenue increased $117.6 million during 2011 compared to 2010, due primarily to increased revenue resulting from our April 2011 addition of a complementary traffic operation to our existing traffic business, Total Traffic Network, through our acquisition of the traffic business of Westwood One, Inc. (the “Traffic acquisition”). We also purchased a cloud-based music technology business in the first quarter of 2011 that has enabled us to accelerate the development and growth of the next generation of our iHeartRadio digital products.

Americas outdoor revenue increased $46.6 million during 2011 compared to 2010, driven by revenue growth across our bulletin, airport and shelter displays, particularly digital displays. During 2011, we deployed 242 digital billboards in the United States, compared to 158 for 2010. We continue to see opportunities to invest in digital displays and expect our digital display deployments will continue throughout 2012.

International outdoor revenue increased $159.3 million during 2011 compared to 2010, primarily as a result of increased street furniture revenues and transit display contracts, the termseffects of which rangemovements in foreign exchange. The weakening of the U.S. Dollar throughout 2011 has significantly contributed to revenue growth in our International outdoor advertising business. The revenue increase attributable to movements in foreign exchange was $82.0 million for 2011.

Our indirect subsidiary, Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (“Clear Channel”), issued $1.75 billion aggregate principal amount of 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 during 2011, consisting of $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount issued in February (the “February 2011 Offering”) and an additional $750.0 million aggregate principal amount issued in June (the “June 2011 Offering”). Proceeds of the February 2011 Offering, along with available cash on hand, were used to repay $500.0 million of the senior secured credit facilities and $692.7 million of Clear Channel’s 6.25% senior notes at maturity in March 2011. Please refer to the “Refinancing Transactions” section within this MD&A for further discussion of the offerings, including the use of the proceeds of the June 2011 Offering.

During 2011, CC Finco, LLC (“CC Finco”), our indirect subsidiary, repurchased $80.0 million aggregate principal amount of Clear Channel’s outstanding 5.5% senior notes due 2014 for $57.1 million, including accrued interest, through open market purchases.

During 2011, CC Finco purchased 1,553,971 shares of our indirect subsidiary, Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc.’s (“CCOH”), Class A common stock through open market purchases for approximately $16.4 million.

During 2011, Clear Channel repaid its 4.4% senior notes at maturity for $140.2 million (net of $109.8 million principal amount held by and repaid to a subsidiary of Clear Channel), plus accrued interest.

The key highlights of our business for the year ended December 31, 2010 are summarized below:

Consolidated revenue increased $313.8 million during 2010 compared to 2009, primarily as a result of improved economic conditions.

CCME revenue increased $163.9 million during 2010 compared to 2009, primarily as a result of increased average rates per minute driven by increased demand for both national and local advertising.

Americas outdoor revenue increased $51.9 million during 2010 compared to 2009, driven by revenue growth across our advertising inventory, particularly digital.

International outdoor revenue increased $48.1 million during 2010 compared to 2009, primarily as a result of increased revenue from threestreet furniture across most countries, partially offset by a decrease from movements in foreign exchange of $10.3 million.

Our subsidiary, Clear Channel Investments, Inc. (“CC Investments”), repurchased $185.2 million aggregate principal amount of Clear Channel’s senior toggle notes for $125.0 million during 2010.

Clear Channel repaid $240.0 million upon the maturity of its 4.5% senior notes during 2010.

During 2010, Clear Channel repaid its remaining 7.65% senior notes upon maturity for $138.8 million with proceeds from its delayed draw term loan facility that was specifically designated for this purpose.

During 2010, we received $132.3 million in Federal income tax refunds.

On October 15, 2010, CCOH transferred its interest in its Branded Cities operations to 20 years, generally require usits joint venture partner, The Ellman Companies. We recorded a loss of $25.3 million in “Other operating income (expense) – net” related to make upfront investments in property, plant and equipment. These contracts may also include upfront lease payments and/or minimum annual guaranteed lease payments. We can give no assurance thatthe transfer.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Consolidated Results of Operations

The comparison of our cash flows from operations over the terms of these contracts will exceed the upfront and minimum required payments.

     Our 2008 and 2007 results of operations include the full year results of operations of Interspace Airport Advertising, or Interspace, and ourhistorical results of operations for 2006 includethe year ended December 31, 2011 to the year ended December 31, 2010 is as follows:

$0,000,000,000$0,000,000,000$0,000,000,000
(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31,   %
Change
   2011   2010   

Revenue

  $6,161,352       $5,865,685       5%

Operating expenses:

      

Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   2,504,036        2,381,647       5%

Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   1,617,258        1,570,212       3%

Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   227,096        284,042       (20%)

Depreciation and amortization

   763,306        732,869       4%

Impairment charges

   7,614        15,364       

Other operating income (expense) – net

   12,682        (16,710)      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Operating income

   1,054,724        864,841       

Interest expense

   1,466,246        1,533,341       

Loss on marketable securities

   (4,827)       (6,490)      

Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates

   26,958        5,702       

Other income (expense) – net

   (4,616)       46,455       
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Loss before income taxes

   (394,007)       (622,833)      

Income tax benefit

   125,978        159,980       
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Consolidated net loss

   (268,029)       (462,853)      

Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest

   34,065        16,236       
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Net loss attributable to the Company

  $(302,094)      $(479,089)      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Consolidated Revenue

Our consolidated revenue increased $295.7 million during 2011 compared to 2010. Our CCME revenue increased $117.6 million, driven primarily by a partial$107.1 million increase due to our Traffic acquisition and higher advertising revenues from our digital radio services primarily as a result of improved rates and increased volume. Americas outdoor revenue increased $46.6 million, driven by increases in revenue across bulletin, airport and shelter displays, particularly digital displays, as a result of our continued deployment of new digital displays and increased rates. Our International outdoor revenue increased $159.3 million, primarily from increased street furniture revenue across our markets and an $82.0 million increase from the impact of movements in foreign exchange.

Consolidated Direct Operating Expenses

Direct operating expenses increased $122.4 million during 2011 compared to 2010. Our CCME direct operating expenses increased $40.7 million, primarily due to an increase of $56.6 million related to our Traffic acquisition offset by a decline in music license fees related to a settlement of prior year license fees. Americas outdoor direct operating expenses increased $18.6 million, primarily due to increased site lease expense associated with higher airport and bulletin revenue, particularly digital displays, and the increased deployment of digital displays. Direct operating expenses in our International outdoor segment increased $60.2 million, primarily from a $52.0 million increase from movements in foreign exchange.

Consolidated Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses

SG&A expenses increased $47.0 million during 2011 compared to 2010. Our CCME SG&A expenses increased $17.1 million, primarily due to an increase of $41.0 million related to our Traffic acquisition, partially offset by declines in compensation expense. SG&A expenses increased $6.4 million in our Americas outdoor segment, which was primarily as a result of increased commission expense associated with the increase in revenue. Our International outdoor SG&A expenses increased $39.8 million primarily due to a $15.9 million increase from movements in foreign exchange, a $6.5 million increase related to the unfavorable impact of litigation and increased selling and marketing expenses associated with the increase in revenue.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate expenses decreased $56.9 million during 2011 compared to 2010, primarily as a result of a decrease in bonus expense related to our variable compensation plans and decreased expense related to employee benefits. Also contributing to the decline was a decrease in share-based compensation related to the shares tendered by Mark P. Mays to us in the third quarter of 2010 pursuant to a put option included in his amended employment agreement and the cancellation of certain of his options during 2011, and a decrease in restructuring expenses. Partially offsetting the decreases was an increase in general corporate infrastructure support services and initiatives.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization increased $30.4 million during 2011 compared to 2010, primarily due to increases in accelerated depreciation and amortization related to the removal of various structures, including the removal of traditional billboards in connection with the continued deployment of digital billboards. Increases in depreciation and amortization related to our Traffic acquisition of $7.5 million also contributed to the increase. In addition, movements in foreign exchange contributed an increase of $7.4 million during 2011.

Impairment Charges

We performed our annual impairment tests on October 1, 2011 and 2010 on our goodwill, FCC licenses, billboard permits, and other intangible assets and recorded impairment charges of $7.6 million and $15.4 million, respectively. Please see Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a further description of the impairment charges.

Other Operating Income (Expense) — Net

Other operating income of $12.7 million in 2011 primarily related to a gain on the sale of a tower and proceeds received from condemnations of bulletins.

Other operating expense of $16.7 million for 2010 primarily related to a $25.3 million loss recorded as a result of the transfer of our subsidiary’s interest in its Branded Cities business, partially offset by a $6.2 million gain on the sale of representation contracts.

Interest Expense

Interest expense decreased $67.1 million during 2011 compared to 2010. Higher interest expense associated with the 2011 issuances of Clear Channel’s 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes was offset by decreased expense on term loan facilities due to the prepayment of $500.0 million of Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities made in connection with the February 2011 Offering and the paydown of Clear Channel’s receivables-based credit facility made prior to, and in connection with, the June 2011 Offering. Also contributing to the decline in interest expense was the timing of repurchases and repayments at maturity of certain of Clear Channel’s senior notes. Clear Channel’s weighted average cost of debt during both 2011 and 2010 was 6.1%.

Loss on Marketable Securities

The loss on marketable securities of $4.8 million and $6.5 million during 2011 and 2010, respectively, primarily related to the impairment of Independent News & Media PLC (“INM”). The fair value of INM was below cost for an extended period of time. As a result, we considered the guidance in ASC 320-10-S99 and reviewed the length of the time and the extent to which the market value was less than cost, the financial condition and the near-term prospects of the issuer. After this assessment, we concluded that the impairment at each date was other than temporary and recorded non-cash impairment charges to our investment in INM, as noted above.

Equity in Earnings of Nonconsolidated Affiliates

Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates of $5.7 million for 2010 included an $8.3 million impairment related to an equity investment in our International outdoor segment.

Other Income (Expense) — Net

Other expense of $4.6 million for 2011 primarily related to the accelerated expensing of $5.7 million of loan fees upon the prepayment of $500.0 million of Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities in connection with the February 2011 Offering described elsewhere in this MD&A, partially offset by an aggregate gain of $4.3 million on the repurchase of Clear Channel’s 5.5% senior notes due 2014.

Other income of $46.5 million in 2010 primarily related to an aggregate gain of $60.3 million on the repurchase of Clear Channel’s senior toggle notes partially offset by $12.8 million in foreign exchange transaction losses on short-term intercompany accounts. Please refer to the “Debt Repurchases, Maturities and Other” section within this MD&A for additional discussion of the 2011 and 2010 repurchases.

Income Tax Benefit

The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2011 was 32.0% as compared to 25.7% for the year ended December 31, 2011. The effective tax rate for 2011 was favorably impacted by our settlement of U.S. Federal and state tax examinations during the year. Pursuant to the settlements, we recorded a reduction to income tax expense of approximately $16.3 million to reflect the net tax benefits of the settlements. This benefit was partially offset by additional tax recorded during 2011 related to the write-off of deferred tax assets associated with the vesting of certain equity awards and our inability to benefit from certain tax loss carryforwards in foreign jurisdictions.

The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2010 was 25.7% as compared to 10.9% for the year ended December 31, 2009. The effective tax rate for 2010 was impacted by our inability to benefit from tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions due to the uncertainty of the ability to utilize those losses in future years. In addition, we recorded a valuation allowance of $13.6 million in 2010 against deferred tax assets related to capital allowances in foreign jurisdictions due to the uncertainty of the ability to realize those assets in future periods.

CCME Results of Operations

Our CCME operating results were as follows:

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31,    
   2011   2010   % Change

Revenue

  $2,986,828    $2,869,224    4%

Direct operating expenses

   849,265     808,592    5%

SG&A expenses

   980,960     963,853    2%

Depreciation and amortization

   268,245     256,673    5%
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Operating income

  $888,358    $840,106    6%
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

CCME revenue increased $117.6 million during 2011 compared to 2010, primarily driven by a $107.1 million increase due to our Traffic acquisition. We experienced increases in our digital radio services revenue as a result of improved rates, increased volume and revenues related to our iHeartRadio Music Festival. Offsetting the increases were slight declines in local and national advertising across various markets and advertising categories including telecommunication, travel and tourism and, most notably, political.

Direct operating expenses increased $40.7 million during 2011 compared to 2010, primarily due to an increase of $56.6 million from our Traffic acquisition and an increase in expenses related to our digital initiatives, including our iHeartRadio Player and iHeartRadio Music Festival. These increases were partially offset by a $19.0 million decline in music license fees related to a settlement of 2011 and 2010 license fees. In addition, included in our 2011 results are restructuring expenses of $8.9 million, which represents a decline of $4.8 million compared to 2010. SG&A expenses increased $17.1 million, primarily due to an increase of $41.0 million related to our Traffic acquisition, which was partially offset by a decline of $21.9 million in compensation expense primarily related to reduced salaries and commission.

Depreciation and amortization increased $11.6 million, primarily due to our Traffic acquisition.

Americas Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our Americas outdoor operating results were as follows:

$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00
(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31,    
   2011   2010   % Change

Revenue

  $1,336,592      $1,290,014      4%

Direct operating expenses

   607,210       588,592      3%

SG&A expenses

   225,217       218,776      3%

Depreciation and amortization

   222,554       209,127      6%
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Operating income

  $281,611      $273,519      3%
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Our Americas outdoor revenue increased $46.6 million during 2011 compared to 2010, driven primarily by revenue increases from bulletin, airport and shelter displays, and particularly digital displays. Bulletin revenues increased primarily due to digital growth driven by the increased number of digital displays, in addition to increased rates. Airport and shelter revenues increased primarily on higher average rates.

Direct operating expenses increased $18.6 million, primarily due to increased site lease expense associated with higher airport and bulletin revenue, particularly digital displays, and the increased deployment of digital displays. SG&A expenses increased $6.4 million, primarily as a result of increased commission expense associated with the increase in revenue.

Depreciation and amortization increased $13.4 million, primarily due to increases in accelerated depreciation and amortization related to the removal of various structures, including the removal of traditional billboards in connection with the continued deployment of digital billboards.

International Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our International outdoor operating results were as follows:

$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00
(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31,    
   2011   2010   % Change

Revenue

  $1,667,282      $1,507,980      11%

Direct operating expenses

   1,031,591       971,380      6%

SG&A expenses

   315,655       275,880      14%

Depreciation and amortization

   208,410       204,461      2%
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Operating income

  $111,626      $56,259      98%
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

International outdoor revenue increased $159.3 million during 2011 compared to 2010, primarily as a result of increased street furniture revenue across most of our markets. Improved yields and additional displays contributed to the revenue increase in China, and improved yields in combination with a new contract drove the revenue increase in Sweden. The increases from street furniture were partially offset by declines in billboard revenue across several of our markets, primarily Italy and the U.K. Foreign exchange movements resulted in an $82.0 million increase in revenue.

Direct operating expenses increased $60.2 million, attributable to a $52.0 million increase from movements in foreign exchange. In addition, increased site lease expense of $10.7 million associated with the increase in revenue was partially offset by an $8.8 million decline in restructuring expenses. SG&A expenses increased $39.8 million primarily due to a $15.9 million increase from movements in foreign exchange, a $6.5 million increase related to the unfavorable impact of litigation and higher selling expenses associated with the increase in revenue.

Consolidated Results of Operations

The comparison of our historical results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2010 to the year ended December 31, 2009 is as follows:

$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00
(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31,   %
Change
   2010   2009   

Revenue

  $5,865,685       $5,551,909       6%

Operating expenses:

      

Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   2,381,647        2,529,454       (6%)

Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   1,570,212        1,520,402       3%

Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   284,042        253,964       12%

Depreciation and amortization

   732,869        765,474       (4%)

Impairment charges

   15,364        4,118,924       

Other operating expense – net

   (16,710)       (50,837)      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Operating income (loss)

   864,841        (3,687,146)      

Interest expense

   1,533,341        1,500,866       

Loss on marketable securities

   (6,490)       (13,371)      

Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates

   5,702        (20,689)      

Other income– net

   46,455        679,716       

Loss before income taxes

   (622,833)       (4,542,356)      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Income tax benefit

   159,980        493,320       

Consolidated net loss

   (462,853)       (4,049,036)      

Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest

   16,236        (14,950)      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Net loss attributable to the Company

  $(479,089)      $(4,034,086)      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Consolidated Revenue

Consolidated revenue increased $313.8 million during 2010 compared to 2009. Our CCME revenue increased $163.9 million driven by increases in both national and local advertising from average rates per minute. Americas outdoor revenue increased $51.9 million, driven by revenue increases across most of Interspace,our advertising inventory, particularly digital. Our International outdoor revenue increased $48.1 million, primarily due to revenue growth from street furniture across most countries, partially offset by a $10.3 million decrease from the effects of movements in foreign exchange. Other revenue increased $61.0 million, primarily from stronger national advertising in our media representation business.

Consolidated Direct Operating Expenses

Direct operating expenses decreased $147.8 million during 2010 compared to 2009. Our CCME direct operating expenses decreased $77.3 million, primarily from a $29.9 million decline in expenses incurred in connection with our restructuring program from which cost savings resulted in declines of $26.7 million and $11.0 million in programming expenses and compensation expenses, respectively. Americas outdoor direct operating expenses decreased $19.5 million, primarily as a result of the disposition of our taxi advertising business (as described in the “Disposition of Taxi Business” section within this MD&A), partially offset by an increase in site lease expenses associated with the increase in revenue. Direct operating expenses in our International outdoor segment decreased $45.6 million, primarily as a result of a $20.4 million decline in expenses incurred in connection with our restructuring program in addition to decreased site lease expenses associated with cost savings from our restructuring program, and included an $8.2 million decrease from movements in foreign exchange.

Consolidated SG&A Expenses

SG&A expenses increased $49.8 million during 2010 compared to 2009. Our CCME SG&A expenses increased $45.5 million, primarily as a result of increased bonus and commission expense associated with the increase in revenue. SG&A expenses increased $16.6 million in our Americas outdoor segment, primarily as a result of increased selling and marketing costs associated with the increase in revenue in addition to the unfavorable impact of litigation. Our International outdoor SG&A expenses decreased $6.3 million, primarily as a result of a decrease in business tax related to a change in French tax law, and included a $2.3 million decrease from movements in foreign exchange.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate expenses increased $30.1 million during 2010 compared to 2009, primarily due to a $49.9 million increase in bonus expense from improved operating performance and a $53.8 million increase primarily related to headcount from centralization efforts and the expansion of corporate capabilities. Partially offsetting the 2010 increase was $23.5 million related to an unfavorable outcome of litigation recorded in 2009, a $22.6 million decrease in expenses during 2010 associated with our restructuring program and an $18.6 million decrease related to various corporate accruals.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization decreased $32.6 million during 2010 compared to 2009, primarily as a result of assets in our International outdoor segment that became fully amortized during 2009. Additionally, 2009 included $8.0 million of additional amortization expense associated with the finalization of purchase price allocations to the acquired intangible assets in our CCME segment.

Impairment Charges

We performed our annual impairment test on October 1, 2010 on our goodwill, FCC licenses, billboard permits, and other intangible assets and recorded impairment charges of $15.4 million. We also performed impairment tests on our goodwill, FCC licenses, billboard permits, and other intangible assets in 2009 and recorded impairment charges of $4.1 billion. Please see the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a further description of the impairment charges.

A rollforward of our goodwill balance from December 31, 2008 through December 31, 2009 by reporting unit is as follows:

$ 000,00000$ 000,00000$ 000,00000$ 000,00000$ 000,00000$ 000,00000$ 000,00000
(In thousands)  Balances as of
December  31,
2008
   Acquisitions   Dispositions   Foreign
Currency
   Impairment   Adjustments   Balances as of
December  31,
2009
 

United States Radio Markets

    $5,579,190      $4,518      $(62,410)      $      $(2,420,897)      $46,468    $3,146,869    

United States Outdoor Markets

   824,730     2,250               (324,892)     69,844     571,932    

Switzerland

   56,885               1,276     (7,827)          50,334    

Ireland

   14,285               223     (12,591)          1,917    

Baltics

   10,629                    (10,629)          —    

Americas Outdoor – Mexico

   8,729               7,440     (10,085)     (442)     5,642    

Americas Outdoor – Chile

   3,964               4,417     (8,381)          —    

Americas Outdoor – Peru

   45,284                    (37,609)          7,675    

Americas Outdoor – Brazil

   4,971               4,436     (9,407)          —    

Americas Outdoor – Canada

   4,920                         (4,920)     —    

All Others – International Outdoor

   205,744     110          15,913     (42,717)     45,042     224,092    

Other

   331,290          (2,276)          (211,988)     (482)     116,544    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    $7,090,621      $6,878      $(64,686)      $33,705      $(3,097,023)      $155,510      $4,125,005    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other Operating Expense - Net

Other operating expense of $16.7 million for 2010 primarily related to a $25.3 million loss recorded as a result of the transfer of our subsidiary’s interest in its Branded Cities business, partially offset by a $6.2 million gain on the sale of representation contracts.

Other operating expense of $50.8 million for 2009 primarily related to a $42.0 million loss on the sale and exchange of radio stations and a $20.9 million loss on the sale of our taxi advertising business. The losses were partially offset by a $10.1 million gain on the sale of Americas and International outdoor assets.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $32.5 million during 2010 compared to 2009, primarily as a result of the issuance of $2.5 billion in subsidiary senior notes in December 2009. This increase was partially offset by decreased interest expense due to maturities of Clear Channel’s 4.5% senior notes due January 2010, repurchases of Clear Channel’s senior toggle notes during the first quarter of 2010, repurchases of Clear Channel’s senior notes during the fourth quarter of 2009 and prepayment of $2.0 billion of term loans in December 2009. Clear Channel’s weighted average cost of debt for 2010 and 2009 was 6.1% and 5.8%, respectively.

Loss on Marketable Securities

The loss on marketable securities of $6.5 million and $13.4 million in 2010 and 2009, respectively, related primarily to the impairment of INM. The fair value of INM was below cost for an extended period of time. As a result, we considered the guidance in ASC 320-10-S99 and reviewed the length of the time and the extent to which the market was less than cost and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer. After this assessment, we concluded that the impairment at each date was other than temporary and recorded non-cash impairment charges to our investment in INM as noted above.

Equity in Earnings (Loss) of Nonconsolidated Affiliates

Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates in 2010 included an $8.3 million impairment of an equity investment in our International outdoor segment.

Equity in loss of nonconsolidated affiliates for 2009 included a $22.9 million impairment of equity investments in our International outdoor segment in addition to a $4.0 million loss on the sale of a portion of our investment in Grupo ACIR Communicaciones (“Grupo ACIR”).

Other Income – Net

Other income of $46.5 million in 2010 primarily related to an aggregate gain of $60.3 million on the repurchase of Clear Channel’s senior toggle notes partially offset by a $12.8 million foreign exchange loss on the translation of short-term intercompany notes. Please refer to the “Debt Repurchases, Maturities and Other” section within this MD&A for additional discussion of the repurchase.

Other income of $679.7 million in 2009 relates to an aggregate gain of $368.6 million on the repurchases of certain of Clear Channel’s senior notes and an aggregate gain of $373.7 million on the repurchases of certain of Clear Channel’s senior toggle notes and senior cash pay notes. The gains on extinguishment of debt were partially offset by a $29.3 million loss related to loan costs associated with the $2.0 billion retirement of certain of Clear Channel’s outstanding senior secured debt. Please refer to the “Debt Repurchases, Maturities and Other” section within this MD&A for additional discussion of the repurchases and debt retirement.

Income Tax Benefit

The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2010 was 25.7% as compared to 10.9% for the year ended December 31, 2009. The effective tax rate for 2010 was impacted by our inability to benefit from tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions due to the uncertainty of the ability to utilize those losses in future years. In addition, we recorded a valuation allowance of $13.6 million in 2010 against deferred tax assets related to capital allowances in foreign jurisdictions due to the uncertainty of the ability to realize those assets in future periods.

The effective tax rate for 2009 was impacted by the goodwill impairment charges, which are not deductible for tax purposes, along with our inability to benefit from tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions as discussed above.

CCME Results of Operations

Our CCME operating results were as follows:

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31,    
   2010   2009   % Change

Revenue

  $2,869,224     $2,705,367     6%

Direct operating expenses

   808,592      885,870     (9%)

SG&A expenses

   963,853      918,397     5%

Depreciation and amortization

   256,673      261,246     (2%)
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Operating income

  $840,106     $639,854     31%
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

CCME revenue increased $163.9 million during 2010 compared to 2009, driven primarily by a $79.5 million increase in national advertising and a $51.0 million increase in local advertising. Average rates per minute increased during 2010 compared to 2009 as a result of improved economic conditions. Increases occurred across various advertising categories including automotive, political, food and beverage and healthcare.

Direct operating expenses decreased $77.3 million during 2010 compared to 2009, primarily from a $29.9 million decline in expenses incurred in connection with our restructuring program. Cost savings from our restructuring program resulted in declines of $26.7 million and $11.0 million in programming expenses and compensation expenses, respectively. Direct operating expenses declined further from the non-renewals of sports contracts, offset by the impact of $8.0 million associated with the finalization of purchase accounting during 2009. SG&A expenses increased $45.5 million, primarily as a result of a $26.6 million increase in bonus and commission expense associated with the increase in revenue in addition to a $24.1 million increase in selling and marketing expenses.

Depreciation and amortization decreased $4.6 million during 2010 compared to 2009. The 2009 results included $8.0 million of additional amortization expense associated with the finalization of purchase price allocations to the acquired intangible assets.

Americas Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Disposition of Taxi Business

On December 31, 2009, our subsidiary, Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. (“CCOI”), disposed of Clear Channel Taxi Media, LLC (“Taxis”), our taxi advertising business. For the year ended December 31, 2009, Taxis contributed $41.5 million in July 2006.

FAS 123(R), revenue, $39.8 million in direct operating expenses and $10.5 million in SG&A expenses.

Our Americas outdoor operating results were as follows:

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31,    
   2010   2009   % Change

Revenue

  $1,290,014     $1,238,171     4%

Direct operating expenses

   588,592      608,078     (3%)

SG&A expenses

   218,776      202,196     8%

Depreciation and amortization

   209,127      210,280     (1%)
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Operating income

  $273,519     $217,617     26%
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Americas outdoor revenue increased $51.9 million during 2010 compared to 2009 as a result of revenue growth across most of our advertising inventory, particularly digital. The increase was driven by increases in both occupancy and rate. Partially offsetting the revenue increase was the decrease in revenue related to the sale of Taxis.

Direct operating expenses decreased $19.5 million during 2010 compared to 2009. The decline in direct operating expenses was due to the disposition of Taxis, partially offset by a $20.2 million increase in site-lease expenses associated with the increase in revenue. SG&A expenses increased $16.6 million as a result of a $6.3 million increase primarily related to the unfavorable impact of litigation, a $4.7 million increase in consulting costs and a $6.2 million increase primarily due to bonus and commission expenses associated with the increase in revenue, partially offset by the disposition of Taxis.

International Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our International outdoor operating results were as follows:

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31,    
   2010   2009   % Change

Revenue

    $  1,507,980         $  1,459,853       3%

Direct operating expenses

   971,380        1,017,005       (4%)

SG&A expenses

   275,880        282,208       (2%)

Depreciation and amortization

   204,461        229,367       (11%)
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Operating income (loss)

    $  56,259         $  (68,727)      182%
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

International outdoor revenue increased $48.1 million during 2010 compared to 2009, primarily as a result of revenue growth from street furniture across most countries, partially offset by the exit from the businesses in Greece and India. Foreign exchange movements negatively impacted revenue by $10.3 million.

Direct operating expenses decreased $45.6 million during 2010 compared to 2009, primarily as a result of a $20.4 million decrease in expenses incurred in connection with our restructuring program and a $15.6 million decline in site-lease expenses associated with cost savings from our restructuring program. Also contributing to the decreased expenses was the exit from the businesses in Greece and India and an $8.2 million decrease from movements in foreign exchange. SG&A expenses decreased $6.3 million during 2010 compared to 2009, primarily as a result of a $5.4 million decrease in business tax related to a change in French tax law and a $2.3 million decrease from movements in foreign exchange.

Depreciation and amortization decreased $24.9 million during 2010 compared to 2009 primarily as a result of assets that became fully amortized during 2009.

Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income (Loss) to Consolidated Operating Income (Loss)

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

CCME

    $  888,358         $  840,106         $  639,854     

Americas outdoor advertising

   281,611        273,519        217,617     

International outdoor advertising

   111,626        56,259        (68,727)    

Other

   9,427        20,716        (43,963)    

Impairment charges

   (7,614)       (15,364)       (4,118,924)    

Other operating income (expense) - net

   12,682        (16,710)       (50,837)    

Corporate expenses(1)

   (241,366)       (293,685)       (262,166)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated operating income (loss)

    $  1,054,724         $  864,841         $  (3,687,146)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

1

Corporate expenses include expenses related to CCME, Americas outdoor, International outdoor and our Other segment, as well as overall executive, administrative and support functions.

Share-Based Payments

Compensation Expense

As of December 31, 2008,2011, there was $130.3$42.8 million of unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements that will vest based on service conditions. This cost is expected to be recognized over foura weighted average period of approximately two years. In addition, as of December 31, 2008,2011, there was $80.2$15.2 million of unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements that will vest based on market, performance and service conditions. This cost will be recognized when it becomes probable that the performance condition will be satisfied.

     Vesting of certain Clear Channel stock options and restricted stock awards was accelerated upon the closing of the merger. As a result, holders of stock options, other than certain executive officers and holders of certain options that could not, by their terms, be cancelled prior to their stated expiration date, received cash or, if elected, an amount of Company stock, in each case equal to the intrinsic value of the awards based on a market price of $36.00 per share while holders of restricted stock awards received, with respect to each share of restricted stock, $36.00 per share in cash, without interest or, if elected, a share of Company stock. Approximately $39.2 million of share-based compensation was recognized in the 2008 pre-merger period as a result of the accelerated vesting of stock options and restricted stock awards and is included in the table below.

36


The following table detailsindicates non-cash compensation costs related to share-based payments for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively:

$00,00000$00,00000$00,00000
(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

CCME

    $4,606        $7,152        $8,276    

Americas outdoor advertising

   7,601       9,207       7,977    

International outdoor advertising

   3,165       2,746       2,412    

Corporate 1

   5,295       15,141       21,121    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total share-based compensation expense

    $20,667        $34,246        $39,786    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

1

Included in corporate share-based compensation for year ended December 31, 2011 is a $6.6 million reversal of expense related to the cancellation of a portion of an executive’s stock options.

We completed a voluntary stock option exchange program on March 21, 2011 and exchanged 2.5 million stock options granted under the Clear Channel 2008 2007Executive Incentive Plan for 1.3 million replacement stock options with a lower exercise price and 2006:

             
  Year Ended December 31, 
(In millions) 2008  2007  2006 
Radio Broadcasting            
Direct Operating Expenses $17.2  $10.0  $11.1 
SG&A  20.6   12.2   14.1 
Americas Outdoor Advertising            
Direct Operating Expenses $6.3  $5.7  $3.4 
SG&A  2.1   2.2   1.3 
International Outdoor Advertising            
Direct Operating Expenses $1.7  $1.2  $0.9 
SG&A  0.4   0.5   0.4 
Other            
Direct Operating Expenses $0.5  $  $0.7 
SG&A  0.8      1.0 
Corporate $28.9  $12.2  $9.1 
THE COMPARISON OF YEAR ENDED DECEMBERdifferent service and performance conditions. We accounted for the exchange program as a modification of the existing awards under ASC 718 and will recognize incremental compensation expense of approximately $1.0 million over the service period of the new awards.

Additionally, we recorded compensation expense of $6.0 million in “Corporate expenses” related to shares tendered by Mark P. Mays to us on August 23, 2010 for purchase at $36.00 per share pursuant to a put option included in his amended employment agreement.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The following discussion highlights cash flow activities during the years ended December 31, 2008 TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007 IS AS FOLLOWS:

              
  Post-merger   Pre-merger  Combined 
  Period from July 31   Period from January 1  Year ended 
  through December 31,   through July 30,  December 31, 
(In thousands) 2008   2008  2008 
Revenue $2,736,941   $3,951,742  $6,688,683 
Operating expenses:             
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  1,198,345    1,706,099   2,904,444 
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  806,787    1,022,459   1,829,246 
Depreciation and amortization  348,041    348,789   696,830 
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  102,276    125,669   227,945 
Merger expenses  68,085    87,684   155,769 
Impairment charge  5,268,858       5,268,858 
Other operating income — net  13,205    14,827   28,032 
           
Operating income (loss)  (5,042,246)   675,869   (4,366,377)
Interest expense  715,768    213,210   928,978 
Gain (loss) on marketable securities  (116,552)   34,262   (82,290)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  5,804    94,215   100,019 
Other income (expense) — net  131,505    (5,112)  126,393 
           
Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations  (5,737,257)   586,024   (5,151,233)
Income tax benefit (expense):             
Current  76,729    (27,280)  49,449 
Deferred  619,894    (145,303)  474,591 
           
Income tax benefit (expense)  696,623    (172,583)  524,040 
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax  481    (17,152)  (16,671)
           
Income (loss) before discontinued operations  (5,040,153)   396,289   (4,643,864)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  (1,845)   640,236   638,391 
           
Net income (loss) $(5,041,998)  $1,036,525  $(4,005,473)
           

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2011, 2010 and 2009.


Cash Flows

$000,0000$000,0000$000,0000
(In thousands)  Year ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

Cash provided by (used for):

      

Operating activities

    $  373,958         $  582,373         $  181,175     

Investing activities

    $  (368,086)        $  (240,197)        $  (141,749)    

Financing activities

    $  (698,116)        $  (305,244)        $  1,604,722     

Operating Activities

             
  Year Ended December 31,    
  2008  2007  % Change 
(In thousands) Combined  Pre-merger  2008 v. 2007 
Revenue $6,688,683  $6,921,202   (3%)
Operating expenses:            
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  2,904,444   2,733,004   6%
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  1,829,246   1,761,939   4%
Depreciation and amortization  696,830   566,627   23%
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  227,945   181,504   26%
Merger expenses  155,769   6,762     
Impairment charge  5,268,858        
Other operating income — net  28,032   14,113     
           
Operating income (loss)  (4,366,377)  1,685,479     
Interest expense  928,978   451,870     
Gain (loss) on marketable securities  (82,290)  6,742     
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  100,019   35,176     
Other income (expense) — net  126,393   5,326     
           
Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest expense and discontinued operations  (5,151,233)  1,280,853     
Income tax benefit (expense):            
Current  49,449   (252,910)    
Deferred  474,591   (188,238)    
           
Income tax expense  524,040   (441,148)    
Minority interest expense, net of tax  16,671   47,031     
           
Income (loss) before discontinued operations  (4,643,864)  792,674     
Income from discontinued operations, net  638,391   145,833     
           
Net income (loss) $(4,005,473) $938,507     
           
Consolidated Results of Operations
Revenue2011
     Our consolidated revenue decreased $232.5 million during 2008

The decrease in cash flows from operations in 2011 compared to 2007. Revenue growth during the first nine months2010 was primarily driven by declines in working capital partially offset by improved profitability, including a 5% increase in revenue. Our net loss of 2008$268.0 million, adjusted for $832.2 million of non-cash items, provided positive cash flows of $564.1 million in 2011. Cash generated by higher operating income in 2011 compared to 2010 was offset by a decline of $254.0 millionthe decrease in the fourth quarter. Revenue declined $264.7 million during 2008 compared to 2007 from our radio business associated with decreases in both local and national advertising. Our Americas outdoor revenue also declined approximately $54.8 million attributable to decreases in poster and bulletin revenues associated with cancellations and non-renewals from major national advertisers. The declines were partially offset by an increase from our international outdoor revenue of approximately $62.3 million, with roughly $60.4 million from movements in foreign exchange.

Direct Operating Expenses
     Our consolidated direct operating expenses increased approximately $171.4 million during 2008 compared to 2007. Our international outdoor business contributed $90.3 million to the increase primarily from an increase in site lease expenses and $39.5 million related to movements in foreign exchange. Our Americas outdoor business contributed $57.0 million to the increase primarily from new contracts. These increases were partially offset by a decline in direct operatingaccrued expenses in our radio segment of approximately $3.6 million related to a decline in programming expenses.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (SG&A)
     Our SG&A increased approximately $67.3 million during 2008 compared to 2007. Approximately $48.3 million of this increase occurred during the fourth quarter primarily2011 as a result of an increasehigher variable compensation payments in severance. Our international outdoor business contributed approximately $41.9 million to the increase primarily from movements in foreign exchange of $11.2 million and an increase in severance in 20082011 associated with our restructuring plan of approximately $20.1 million. Our Americas outdoor business’ SG&A increased approximately $26.4 million largely from increased bad debt expense of $15.5 million and an increaseemployee incentive programs based on 2010 operating performance. In addition, in severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring

38


plan of $4.5 million. SG&A expenses in our radio business decreased approximately $7.5 million primarily from reduced marketing and promotional expenses and a decline in commissions associated with the decline in revenues, partially offset by increase in severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring plan of approximately $32.6 million.
Depreciation and Amortization
     Depreciation and amortization expense increased $130.22010 we received $132.3 million in 2008 compared to 2007 primarily due to $86.0 millionU.S. Federal income tax refunds that increased cash flow from operations in additional2010.

Non-cash items affecting our net loss include depreciation and amortization, associated with the preliminary purchase accounting adjustments to the acquired assets, $29.3 million of accelerated depreciation in our Americas and International outdoor segments from billboards that were removed and approximately $11.3 million related to impaired advertising display contracts in our international segment.

Corporate Expenses
     The increase in corporate expenses of $46.4 million in 2008 compared to 2007 primarily relates to a $16.7 million increase in non-cash compensation related to awards that vested at closing of the merger, a $6.3 million management fee to the Sponsors in connection with the management and advisory services provided following the merger, and $6.2 million related to outside professional services.
Merger Expenses
     Merger expenses for 2008 were $155.8 million and include accounting, investment banking, legal and other expenses.
Impairment Charge
     The global economic slowdown has adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses in recent months. As discussed above, we performed an impairment test in the fourth quarter of 2008 and recognized a non-cash impairment charge to our indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill of $5.3 billion.
Other Operating Income — Net
     The $28.0 million income for 2008 consists of a gain of $3.3 million from the sale of sports broadcasting rights, a $7.0 million gain on the disposition of a representation contract, a $4.0 million gain on the sale of property, plant and equipment, a $1.7 million gain on the sale of international street furniture and $9.6 million from the favorable settlement of a lawsuit. The $14.1 million income in 2007 related primarily to $8.9 million gain from the sale of street furniture assets and land in our international outdoor segment as well as $3.4 million from the disposition of assets in our radio segment.
Interest Expense
     The increase in interest expense for 2008 over 2007 is the result of the increase in our average debt outstanding after the merger. Our outstanding debt was $19.5 billion and $6.6 billion at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Gain (Loss) on Marketable Securities
     During the fourth quarter of 2008, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge to certain available-for-sale securities. The fair value of these available-for-sale securities was below their cost each month subsequent to the closing of the merger. As a result, we considered the guidance in SAB Topic 5M and reviewed the length of the time and the extent to which the market value was less than cost and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer. After this assessment, we concluded that the impairment was other than temporary and recorded a $116.6 million impairment charge. This loss was partially offset by a net gain of $27.0 million recorded in the second quarter of 2008 on the unwinding of our secured forward exchange contracts and the sale of our American Tower Corporation, or AMT, shares.
     The $6.7 million gain on marketable securities for 2007 primarily related to changes in fair value of the shares of AMT held by Clear Channel and the related forward exchange contracts.
Other Income (Expense) — Net
     Other income of $126.4 million in 2008 relates to an aggregate gain of $124.5 million on the fourth quarter 2008 tender of certain of Clear Channel’s outstanding notes, a $29.3 million foreign exchange gain on translating short-term intercompany notes, an $8.0 million dividend received, partially offset by a $29.8 milliondeferred taxes, (gain) loss on the third quarter 2008 tenderdisposal of certainoperating assets, (gain) loss on extinguishment of Clear Channel’s outstanding notes and a $4.7 million impairment of our investment in a radio partnership and $0.9 million of various other items.

39


     Other income of $5.3 million in 2007 primarily relates to a foreign exchange gain on translating short-term intercompany notes.
Equity in Earnings of Non-consolidated Affiliates
     Equitydebt, provision for doubtful accounts, share-based compensation, equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates, increased $64.8 million in 2008 compared to 2007 primarily from a $75.6 million gain recognized in the first quarter 2008amortization of deferred financing charges and note discounts – net and other reconciling items – net as presented on the sale of Clear Channel’s 50% interest in Clear Channel Independent, a South African outdoor advertising company. We also recognized a gain of $9.2 million on the disposition of 20% of Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones. These gains were partially offset by a $9.0 million impairment charge to one of our international outdoor equity method investments and declines in equity in income from our investments in certain international radio broadcasting companies as well as the loss of equity in earnings from the disposition of Clear Channel Independent.
Income Taxes
     Current tax expense for 2008 decreased $302.4 million compared to 2007 primarily due to a decrease in “income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations” of $1.2 billion which excludes the non-tax deductible impairment charge of $5.3 billion recorded in 2008. In addition, current tax benefits of approximately $74.6 million were recorded during 2008 related to the termination of Clear Channel’s cross currency swap. Also, we recognized additional tax depreciation deductions as a resultface of the bonus depreciation provisions enacted as partstatement of the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008. These current tax benefits were partially offset by additional current tax expense recorded in 2008 related to currently non deductible transaction costs as a result of the merger.
     The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased to 10.2% as compared to 34.4% for the year ended December 31, 2007, primarily due to the impairment charge that resulted in a $5.3 billion decrease in “income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations” and tax benefits of approximately $648.2 million. Partially offsetting this decrease to the effective rate were tax benefits recorded as a result of the release of valuation allowances on the capital loss carryforwards that were used to offset the taxable gain from the disposition of Clear Channel’s investment in AMT and Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones. Additionally, Clear Channel sold its 50% interest in Clear Channel Independent in 2008, which was structured as a tax free disposition. The sale resulted in a gain of $75.6 million with no current tax expense. Further, in 2008 valuation allowances were recorded on certain net operating losses generated during the period that were not able to be carried back to prior years. Due to the lack of earnings history as a merged company and limitations on net operating loss carryback claims allowed, the Company cannot rely on future earnings and carryback claims as a means to realize deferred tax assets which may arise as a result of future period net operating losses. Pursuant to the provision of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109,Accounting for Income Taxes, deferred tax valuation allowances would be required on those deferred tax assets.
     For the year ended December 31, 2008, deferred tax expense decreased $662.8 million as compared to 2007 primarily due to the impairment charge recorded in 2008 related to the tax deductible intangibles. This decrease was partially offset by increases in deferred tax expense in 2008 related to recording of valuation allowances on certain net operating losses as well as the termination of the cross currency swap and the additional tax depreciation deductions as a result of the bonus depreciation provisions enacted as part of the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 mentioned above.
Minority Interest, Net of Tax
     The decline in minority interest expense of $30.4 million in 2008 compared to 2007 relates to the decline for the same period in net income of our subsidiary, Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc.
Discontinued Operations
     Income from discontinued operations of $638.4 million recorded during 2008 primarily relates to a gain of $631.9 million, net of tax, related to the sale of our television business and radio stations.

40

cash flows.


2010

Radio Broadcasting Results of Operations
Our radio broadcasting operating results were as follows:
             
  Years Ended December 31,    
  2008  2007  % Change 
(In thousands) Combined  Pre-merger 2008 v. 2007 
Revenue $3,293,874  $3,558,534   (7%)
Direct operating expenses  979,324   982,966   (0%)
Selling, general and administrative expense  1,182,607   1,190,083   (1%)
Depreciation and amortization  152,822   107,466   42%
           
Operating income $979,121  $1,278,019   (23%)
           
     Our radio broadcasting revenue declined approximately $264.7 million during 2008 compared to 2007, with approximately 43% of the decline occurring during the fourth quarter. Our local revenues were down $205.6 million in 2008 compared to 2007. National revenues declined as well. Both local and national revenues were down as a result of overall weakness in advertising. Our radio revenue experienced declines across advertising categories including automotive, retail and entertainment advertising categories. For the year ended December 31, 2008, our total minutes sold and average minute rate declined compared to 2007.
     Direct operating expenses declined approximately $3.6 million. Decreases in programming expenses of approximately $21.2 million from our radio markets were partially offset by an increase in programming expenses of approximately $16.3 million in our national syndication business. The increase in programming expensescash flows from operations in our national syndication business was mostly related to contract talent payments. SG&A expenses decreased approximately $7.5 million primarily from reduced marketing and promotional expenses and a decline in commission expenses associated with the revenue decline. Partially offsetting the decline in SG&A was an increase in severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring plan of approximately $32.6 million and an increase in bad debt expense of approximately $17.3 million.
     Depreciation and amortization increased approximately $45.4 million mostly as a result of additional amortization associated with the preliminary purchase accounting adjustments to the acquired intangible assets.
Americas Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations
Our Americas outdoor advertising operating results were as follows:
             
  Years Ended December 31,    
  2008  2007  % Change 
(In thousands) Combined  Pre-merger 2008 v. 2007 
Revenue $1,430,258  $1,485,058   (4%)
Direct operating expenses  647,526   590,563   10%
Selling, general and administrative expense  252,889   226,448   12%
Depreciation and amortization  207,633   189,853   9%
           
Operating income $322,210  $478,194   (33%)
           
     Revenue decreased approximately $54.8 million during 20082010 compared to 2007, with the entire decline occurring in the fourth quarter. Driving the decline was approximately $87.4 million attributable to poster and bulletin revenues associated with cancellations and non-renewals from major national advertisers, partially offset by an increase of $46.2 million in airport revenues, digital display revenues and street furniture revenues. Also impacting the decline in bulletin revenue was decreased occupancy while the decline in poster revenue was affected by a decrease in both occupancy and rate. The increase in airport and street furniture revenues2009 was primarily driven by new contracts while digital display revenue growth was primarily the result of animproved profitability, including a 6% increase in the number of digital displays. Other miscellaneous revenues also declined approximately $13.6 million.
     Our Americasrevenue and a 2% decrease in direct operating expenses increased $57.0and SG&A expenses. Our net loss, adjusted for $792.7 million primarily from higher site lease expenses of $45.2 million primarily attributable to new taxi, airport and street furniture contracts and an increasenon-cash items, provided positive cash flows of $2.4$329.8 million in severance. Our SG&A expenses increased $26.4 million largely from increased bad debt expense of $15.5 million and an increase of $4.52010. We received $132.3 million in severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring plan.
     Depreciation and amortization increased approximately $17.8Federal income tax refunds during the third quarter of 2010. Working capital, excluding taxes, provided $120.3 million mostly as a result of $6.6 million related to additional depreciation and amortization associated with preliminary purchase accounting adjustments to the acquired assets and $11.3 million of accelerated depreciationcash flows from billboards that were removed.

41


International Outdoor Results of Operations
Our international operating results were as follows:
             
  Years Ended December 31,    
  2008  2007  % Change 
(In thousands) Combined  Pre-merger  2008 v. 2007 
Revenue $1,859,029  $1,796,778   3%
Direct operating expenses  1,234,610   1,144,282   8%
Selling, general and administrative expense  353,481   311,546   13%
Depreciation and amortization  264,717   209,630   26%
           
Operating income $6,221  $131,320   (95%)
           
     Revenue increased approximately $62.3 million, with roughly $60.4 million from movements in foreign exchange. The remaining revenue growth was primarily attributable to growth in China, Turkey and Romania, partially offset by revenue declines in France and the United Kingdom. China and Turkey benefited from strong advertising environments. We acquired operations in Romania at the end of the second quarter of 2007, which also contributed to revenue growth in 2008. current year.

2009

The decline in Francecash flow from operations in 2009 compared to 2008 was primarily driven by the loss of a contract to advertise on railways and the17% decline in the United Kingdom was primarily driven by weak advertising demand.

     During the fourth quarter of 2008, revenue declined approximately $88.6 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2007, of which approximately $51.8 million was attributable to movements in foreign exchange and the remainder primarily the result of a decline in advertising demand.
     Direct operating expenses increased $90.3 million. Included in the increase is approximately $39.5 million related to movements in foreign exchange. The remaining increase in direct operating expenses was driven by an increase in site lease expenses. SG&A expenses increased $41.9 million in 2008 over 2007 with approximately $11.2 million related to movements in foreign exchange and $20.1 million related to severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring plan.
     Depreciation and amortization expenses increased $55.1 million with $18.8 million related to additional depreciation and amortizationconsolidated revenues associated with the preliminary purchase accounting adjustments to the acquired assets, approximately $18.0 million related to anweak economy and challenging advertising markets and a 62% increase in accelerated depreciation from billboardsinterest expense to be removed, approximately $11.3service our debt obligations. Our net loss, adjusted for non-cash items of $4.2 billion, provided positive cash flows of $157.9 million. Changes in working capital provided an additional $23.2 million related to impaired advertising display contracts and $4.9in operating cash flows for 2009.

Investing Activities

2011

Cash used for investing activities during 2011 primarily reflected capital expenditures of $362.3 million. We spent $61.4 million related to an increase from movements in foreign exchange.

Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income (Loss)
         
  Years Ended December 31, 
(In thousands) 2008  2007 
Radio Broadcasting $979,121  $1,278,019 
Americas Outdoor Advertising  322,210   478,194 
International Outdoor Advertising  6,221   131,320 
Other  (31,419)  (11,659)
Impairment charge  (5,268,858)   
Other operating income — net  28,032   14,113 
Merger expenses  (155,769)  (6,762)
Corporate  (245,915)  (197,746)
       
Consolidated operating income $(4,366,377) $1,685,479 
       

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THE COMPARISON OF YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007 TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006 IS AS FOLLOWS:
             
  Years Ended December 31,  % Change 
(In thousands) 2007  2006  2007 v. 2006 
Revenue $6,921,202  $6,567,790   5%
Operating expenses:            
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  2,733,004   2,532,444   8%
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  1,761,939   1,708,957   3%
Depreciation and amortization  566,627   600,294   (6%)
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  181,504   196,319   (8%)
Merger expenses  6,762   7,633     
Other operating income — net  14,113   71,571     
           
Operating income  1,685,479   1,593,714   6%
Interest expense  451,870   484,063     
Gain (loss) on marketable securities  6,742   2,306     
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  35,176   37,845     
Other income (expense) — net  5,326   (8,593)    
           
Income before income taxes, minority interest expense and discontinued operations  1,280,853   1,141,209     
Income tax expense:            
Current  252,910   278,663     
Deferred  188,238   191,780     
           
Income tax expense  441,148   470,443     
Minority interest expense, net of tax  47,031   31,927     
           
Income before discontinued operations  792,674   638,839     
Income from discontinued operations, net  145,833   52,678     
           
Net income $938,507  $691,517     
           
Consolidated Results of Operations
Revenue
     Our consolidated revenue increased $353.4 million during 2007 compared to 2006. Our International revenue increased $240.4 million, including approximately $133.3 million related to movements in foreign exchange and the remainder associated with growth across inventory categories. Our Americas revenue increased $143.7 million driven by increases in bulletin, street furniture, airports and taxi display revenues as well as $32.1 million from Interspace. Our radio revenue was essentially flat. Declines in local and national advertising revenue were partially offset by an increasefor capital expenditures in our syndicated radio programming, traffic and on-line businesses. These increases were also partially offset by declines from operations classified in our “other” segment.
Direct Operating Expenses
     Our direct operating expenses increased $200.6 million in 2007 compared to 2006. International direct operating expenses increased $163.8 million principally from $88.0 million related to movements in foreign exchange. Americas direct operating expenses increased $56.2 million primarily attributable to increased site lease expenses associated with new contracts and the increase in transit revenue as well as approximately $14.9 million from Interspace. Partially offsetting these increases was a decline in our radio direct operating expenses of approximately $11.7 million primarily from a decline in programming and expenses associated with non-traditional revenue.

43


Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (SG&A)
     Our SG&A increased $53.0 million in 2007 compared to 2006. International SG&A expenses increased $31.9 million primarily related to movements in foreign exchange. Americas SG&A expenses increased $19.1 million mostly attributable to sales expenses associated with the increase in revenue and $6.7 million from Interspace. Our radio SG&A expenses increased $4.3 million for the comparative periods primarily from an increase in our marketing and promotions department which was partially offset by a decline in bonus and commission expenses.
Depreciation and Amortization
     Depreciation and amortization expense decreased approximately $33.7 million primarily from a decrease in the radio segments fixed assets and a reduction in amortization from international outdoor contracts.
Corporate Expenses
     Corporate expenses decreased $14.8 million during 2007 compared to 2006 primarily related to a decline in radio bonus expenses.
Merger Expenses
     We entered into the Merger Agreement, as amended, in the fourth quarter of 2006. Expenses associated with the merger were $6.8 million and $7.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and include accounting, investment banking, legal and other expenses.
Other Operating Income — Net
     Other operating income — net of $14.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 related primarily to $8.9 million gain from the sale of street furniture assets and land in our international outdoorCCME segment, as well as $3.4 million from the disposition of assets in our radio segment.
     Other operating income — net of $71.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 mostly related to $34.6 million in our radio segment primarily from the sale of stations and programming rights and $13.2$131.1 million in our Americas outdoor segment from the exchange of assets in one of our markets for the assets of a third party located in a different market.
Interest Expense
     Interest expense declined $32.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to the same period of 2006. The decline was primarily associated with the reduction in our average outstanding debt during 2007.
Gain (Loss) on Marketable Securities
     The $6.7 million gain on marketable securities for 2007 primarily related to changesthe construction of new digital billboards, and $160.0 million in fair valueour International outdoor segment primarily related to new billboard and street furniture contracts and renewals of existing contracts. Cash paid for purchases of businesses primarily related to our American Tower Corporation, or AMT, sharesTraffic acquisition and the related forward exchange contracts. The gaincloud-based music technology business we purchased during 2011. In addition, we received proceeds of $2.3$54.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 related to a $3.8 million gain from terminating our secured forward exchange contract associated with our investment in XM Satellite Radio Holdings, Inc. partially offset by a loss of $1.5 million from the change in fair value of AMT securities that are classified as trading and the related secured forward exchange contracts associated with those securities.
Other Income (Expense) — Net
     Other income of $5.3 million recorded in 2007 primarily relates to foreign exchange gains while other expense of $8.6 million recorded in 2006 primarily relates to foreign exchange losses.
Income Taxes
     Current tax expense decreased $25.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2006 primarily due to current tax benefits of approximately $45.7 million recorded in 2007 related to the settlementsale of several tax positions withradio stations, a tower and other assets in our CCME, Americas outdoor, and International outdoor segments.

2010

Cash used for investing activities during 2010 primarily reflected capital expenditures of $241.5 million. We spent $35.5 million for capital expenditures in our CCME segment, $96.7 million in our Americas outdoor segment primarily related to the Internal Revenue Service for the 1999 through 2004 tax years.construction of new digital billboards, and $98.6 million in our International outdoor segment primarily related to new billboard and street furniture contracts and renewals of existing contracts. In addition, we recorded current tax benefitsacquired representation contracts for $14.1 million and received proceeds of approximately $14.6$28.6 million in 2007primarily related to the utilizationsale of radio stations, assets in our Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments and representation contracts.

2009

Cash used for investing activities during 2009 primarily reflected capital loss carryforwards. The 2007 current tax benefits were partially offset by additional current tax expense due to an increase in Income before income taxesexpenditures of $139.6$223.8 million.

     Deferred tax expense decreased $3.5 We spent $41.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the year

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ended December 31, 2006 primarily due to additional deferred tax benefits of approximately $8.3 million recorded in 2007 related to accrued interest and state tax expense on uncertain tax positions. In addition, we recorded deferred tax expense of approximately $16.7 million in 2006 related to the uncertainty of our ability to utilize certain tax losses in the future for certain international operations. The changes noted above were partially offset by additional deferred tax expense recorded in 2007 as a result of tax depreciation expense related to capital expenditures in certain foreign jurisdictions.
Minority Interest, Net of Tax
     Minority interest expense increased $15.1 million in 2007 compared to 2006 primarily from an increase in net income attributable to our subsidiary Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc.
Discontinued Operations
     We closed on the sale of 160 stations in 2007 and 5 stations in 2006. The gain on sale of assets recorded in discontinued operations for these sales was $144.6 million and $0.3 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. The remaining $1.2 million and $52.4 million are associated with the net income from radio stations and our television business that are recorded as income from discontinued operations for 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Radio Broadcasting Results of Operations
     Our radio broadcasting operating results were as follows:
             
  Years Ended December 31,  % Change 
(In thousands) 2007  2006  2007 v. 2006 
Revenue $3,558,534  $3,567,413   0%
Direct operating expenses  982,966   994,686   (1%)
Selling, general and administrative expense  1,190,083   1,185,770   0%
Depreciation and amortization  107,466   125,631   (14%)
           
Operating income $1,278,019  $1,261,326   1%
           
     Our radio revenue was essentially flat. Declines in local and national revenues were partially offset by increases in network, traffic, syndicated radio and on-line revenues. Local and national revenues were down partially as a result of overall weakness in advertising as well as declines in automotive, retail and political advertising categories. During 2007, our average minute rate declined compared to 2006.
     Our radio broadcasting direct operating expenses declined approximately $11.7 million in 2007 compared to 2006. The decline was primarily from a $14.8 million decline in programming expenses partially related to salaries, a $16.5 million decline in non-traditional expenses primarily related to fewer concert events sponsored by us in the current year and $5.1 million in other direct operating expenses. Partially offsetting these declines were increases of $5.7 million in traffic expenses and $19.1 million in internet expenses associated with the increased revenues in these businesses. SG&A expenses increased $4.3 million during 2007 as compared to 2006 primarily from an increase of $16.2CCME segment, $84.4 million in our marketing and promotions department partially offset by a decline of $9.5 million in bonus and commission expenses.
Americas Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations
Our Americas outdoor advertising operating results were as follows:
             
  Years Ended December 31,  % Change 
(In thousands) 2007  2006  2007 v. 2006 
Revenue $1,485,058  $1,341,356   11%
Direct operating expenses  590,563   534,365   11%
Selling, general and administrative expenses  226,448   207,326   9%
Depreciation and amortization  189,853   178,970   6%
           
Operating income $478,194  $420,695   14%
           
     Americas revenue increased $143.7 million, or 11%, during 2007 as compared to 2006 with Interspace contributing approximately $32.1 million to the increase. The growth occurred across our inventory, including bulletins, street furniture, airports and taxi displays. The revenue growth was primarily driven by bulletin revenue attributable to increased rates and airport revenue which had both increased rates and occupancy. Leading advertising categories during the year were telecommunications, retail, automotive, financial services and amusements. Revenue growth occurred across our markets, led by Los Angeles, New York, Washington/Baltimore, Atlanta, Boston, Seattle and

45


Minneapolis.
     Our Americas direct operating expenses increased $56.2 million primarily from an increase of $46.6 million in site lease expenses associated with new contracts and the increase in airport, street furniture and taxi revenues. Interspace contributed $14.9 million to the increase. Our SG&A expenses increased $19.1 million primarily from bonus and commission expenses associated with the increase in revenue and from Interspace, which contributed approximately $6.7 million to the increase.
     Depreciation and amortization increased $10.9 million during 2007 compared to 2006 primarily associated with $5.9 million from Interspace.
International Outdoor Results of Operations
Our international operating results were as follows:
             
  Years Ended December 31,  % Change 
(In thousands) 2007  2006 2007 v. 2006 
Revenue $1,796,778  $1,556,365   15%
Direct operating expenses  1,144,282   980,477   17%
Selling, general and administrative expenses  311,546   279,668   11%
Depreciation and amortization  209,630   228,760   (8%)
           
Operating income $131,320  $67,460   95%
           
     International revenue increased $240.4 million, or 15%, in 2007 as compared to 2006. Included in the increase was approximately $133.3 million related to movements in foreign exchange. Revenue growth occurred across inventory categories including billboards, street furniture and transit, driven by both increased rates and occupancy. Growth was led by increased revenues in France, Italy, Australia, Spain and China.
     Our international direct operating expenses increased approximately $163.8 million in 2007 compared to 2006. Included in the increase was approximately $88.0 million related to movements in foreign exchange. The remaining increase in direct operating expenses was primarily attributable to an increase in site lease expenses associated with the increase in revenue. SG&A expenses increased $31.9 million in 2007 over 2006 from approximately $23.4 million related to movements in foreign exchange and an increase in selling expenses associated with the increase in revenue. Additionally, we recorded a $9.8 million reduction to SG&A in 2006 as a result of the favorable settlement of a legal proceeding.
     Depreciation and amortization declined $19.1 million during 2007 compared to 2006 primarily from contracts which were recorded at fair value in purchase accounting in prior years and became fully amortized at December 31, 2006.
Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income (Loss)
         
  Years Ended December 31, 
(In thousands) 2007  2006 
Radio Broadcasting $1,278,019  $1,261,326 
Americas Outdoor Advertising  478,194   420,695 
International Outdoor Advertising  131,320   67,460 
Other  (11,659)  (4,225)
Other operating income — net  14,113   71,571 
Merger expenses  (6,762)  (7,633)
Corporate  (197,746)  (215,480)
       
Consolidated operating income $1,685,479  $1,593,714 
       

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash Flows
                     
      Period from July 31  Period from January    
      through December 31,  1 to July 30,  Years ended December 31, 
  2008  2008  2008  2007  2006 
(In thousands) Combined  Post-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger 
Cash provided by (used in):                    
Operating activities $1,281,284  $246,026  $1,035,258  $1,576,428  $1,748,057 
Investing activities $(18,127,954) $(17,711,703) $(416,251) $(482,677) $(607,011)
Financing activities $15,907,798  $17,554,739  $(1,646,941) $(1,431,014) $(1,178,610)
Discontinued operations $1,033,570  $2,429  $1,031,141  $366,411  $69,227 
Operating Activities
2008
     Net cash flow from operating activitiessegment for 2008 primarily reflects a loss before discontinued operations of $4.6 billion plus a non-cash impairment charge of $5.3 billion, depreciation and amortization of $696.8 million, the amortization of deferred financing charges of approximately $106.4 million, and share-based compensation of $78.6 million, partially offset by a deferred tax benefit of $474.6 million.
2007
     Net cash flow from operating activities during 2007 primarily reflected income before discontinued operations of $792.7 million plus depreciation and amortization of $566.6 million and deferred taxes of $188.2 million.
2006
     Net cash flow from operating activities of $1.7 billion for the year ended December 31, 2006 principally reflects net income from continuing operations of $638.8 million and depreciation and amortization of $600.3 million. Net cash flows from operating activities also reflects an increase of $190.2 million in accounts receivable as a result of the increase in revenue and a $390.4 million federal income tax refund related to restructuring our international businesses consistent with our strategic realignment and the utilization of a portion of the capital loss generated on the spin-off of Live Nation, Inc.
Investing Activities
2008
     Net cash used in investing activities during 2008 principally reflects cash used in the acquisition of Clear Channel of $17.5 billion and the purchase of property, plant and equipment mostly related to the construction of $430.5 million.
2007
     Net cash usednew billboards and $91.5 million in investing activities of $482.7 millionour International outdoor segment for the year ended December 31, 2007 principally reflects the purchase of property, plant and equipment of $363.3 million.
2006
     Net cash used in investing activities of $607.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 principally reflects capital expenditures of $336.7 million related to purchasesnew billboard and street furniture contracts and renewals of property, plant and equipment and $341.2existing contracts. We received proceeds of $41.6 million primarily related to acquisitions of operating assets, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of other assets of $99.7 million.
Financing Activities
2008
     Net cash used in financing activities for 2008 principally reflected $15.4 billion in debt proceeds used to finance the acquisition of Clear Channel, an equity contribution of $2.1 billion used to finance the acquisition of Clear Channel, $1.9 billion primarily for the redemptions of certain of our subsidiaries’ notes and $93.4 million in dividends paid.

47


2007
     Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 principally reflects $372.4 million in dividend payments, decrease in debt of $1.1 billion, partially offset by the proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $80.0 million.
2006
     Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2006 principally reflects $1.4 billion for shares repurchased, $382.8 million in dividend payments, partially offset by the net increase in debt of $601.3 million and proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $57.4 million.
Discontinued Operations
     During 2008, we completed the sale of our television businessremaining investment in Grupo ACIR. In addition, we received proceeds of $48.8 million primarily related to Newport Television, LLC for $1.0 billion and completed the salesdisposition of certain radio stations and corporate assets.

Financing Activities

2011

Cash used for $110.5 million. The cash received from these sales was recorded as a componentfinancing activities during 2011 primarily reflected debt issuances in the February 2011 Offering and the June 2011 Offering, and the use of cash flows from discontinued operations during 2008.

     The proceeds from the sale of five stations in 2006 and 160 stations in 2007 are classifiedFebruary 2011 Offering, as well as cash flowson hand, to prepay $500.0 million of Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities and repay at maturity Clear Channel’s 6.25% senior notes that matured in 2011 as discussed in the “Refinancing Transactions” section within this MD&A. Clear Channel also repaid all outstanding amounts under its receivables based facility prior to, and in connection with, the June 2011 Offering. Cash used for financing activities also included the $95.0 million of pre-existing, intercompany debt owed by acquired Westwood One subsidiaries repaid immediately after the closing of the Traffic acquisition. Clear Channel repaid its 4.4% senior notes at maturity in May 2011 for $140.2 million, plus accrued interest, with available cash on hand, and repaid $500.0 million of its revolving credit facility on June 27, 2011. Additionally, CC Finco repurchased $80.0 million aggregate principal amount of Clear Channel’s 5.5% senior notes for $57.1 million, including accrued interest, as discussed in the “Debt Repurchases, Maturities and Other” section within this MD&A.

2010

During 2010, CC Investments repurchased $185.2 million aggregate principal amount of Clear Channel’s senior toggle notes for $125.0 million as discussed in the “Debt Repurchases, Maturities and Other” section within this MD&A. Clear Channel repaid its remaining 7.65% senior notes upon maturity for $138.8 million with proceeds from discontinued operationsits delayed draw term loan facility that was specifically designated for this purpose. In addition, Clear Channel repaid its remaining 4.5% senior notes upon maturity for $240.0 million with available cash on hand.

2009

Cash provided by financing activities during 2009 primarily reflected a draw of remaining availability of $1.6 billion under Clear Channel’s revolving credit facility and $2.5 billion of proceeds from the issuance of subsidiary senior notes, offset by the $2.0 billion paydown of Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities. Clear Channel also repaid the remaining principal amount of its 4.25% senior notes at maturity with a draw under the $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility that was specifically designated for this purpose as discussed in 2006the “Debt Repurchases, Maturities and 2007 respectively. Additionally,Other”section within this MD&A. Our wholly-owned subsidiaries, CC Finco and Clear Channel Acquisition, LLC (formerly CC Finco II, LLC), together repurchased certain of Clear Channel’s outstanding senior notes for $343.5 million as discussed in the cash flows from these stations are classified as discontinued operationsDebt Repurchases, Maturities and Other” section within this MD&A. In addition, during 2009, our Americas outdoor segment purchased the remaining 15% interest in our fully consolidated subsidiary, Paneles Napsa S.A., for all periods presented.

$13.0 million and our International outdoor segment acquired an additional 5% interest in our fully consolidated subsidiary, Clear Channel Jolly Pubblicita SPA, for $12.1 million.

Anticipated Cash Requirements

Our primary source of liquidity is cash on hand and cash flow from operations and borrowings under Clear Channel’s revolving credit facility and receivables based credit facility. We have a large amount of indebtedness, and a substantial portion of our cash flows are used to service debt. At December 31, 2011, we had $1.2 billion of cash on our balance sheet, with $542.7 million held by our subsidiary, CCOH, and its subsidiaries. We have debt maturities totaling $275.6 million and $420.5 million in 2012 and 2013, respectively.

Our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt service and other obligations, and to comply with the financial covenant under our financing agreements depends on our future operating performance and cash flow, which has been adversely affected by the global economic slowdown. The risks associated with our businesses become more acuteare in periods of a slowing economy or recession, which may be accompanied by a decrease in advertising. Expenditures by advertisers tendturn subject to be cyclical, reflecting overallprevailing economic conditions and budgeting and buying patterns.other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If our future operating performance does not meet our expectations or our plans materially change in an adverse manner or prove to be materially inaccurate, we may need additional financing. Consequently, there can be no assurance that such financing, if permitted under the terms of Clear Channel’s financing agreements, will be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. The current global economic slowdown has resultedinability to obtain additional financing in such circumstances could have a decline in advertising and marketing services among our customers, resulting in a decline in advertising revenues across our businesses. This reduction in advertising revenues has had anmaterial adverse effect on our revenue, profit margins, cash flowfinancial condition and liquidity, particularly during the second half of 2008. The continuation of the global economic slowdown may continue to adversely impact our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity.

     In January 2009, in response to the deterioration in general economic conditions and the resulting negative impact on our business, we commenced a restructuring program targeting a reductionability to meet Clear Channel’s obligations.

We frequently evaluate strategic opportunities both within and outside our existing lines of fixed costs by approximately $350 million on an annualized basis. As partbusiness. We expect from time to time to pursue additional acquisitions and may decide to dispose of the program, we eliminated approximately 1,850 full-time positions representing approximately 9% of total workforce. The program is expected to result in restructuring and other non-recurring charges of approximately $200 million, although additional costs maycertain businesses. These acquisitions or dispositions could be incurred as the program evolves. The cost savings initiatives are expected to be fully implemented by the end of the first quarter of 2010. No assurance can be given that the restructuring program will be successful or will achieve the anticipated cost savings in the timeframe expected or at all.

material.

Based on our current and anticipated levels of operations and conditions in our markets, we believe that cash flow from operationson hand, availability under Clear Channel’s revolving credit facility and receivables based facility, as well as cash on hand (including amounts drawn or available under our senior secured credit facilities)flow from operations will enable us to meet our working capital, capital expenditure, debt service and other funding requirements for at least the next 12 months.

     Continuing adverse securities and credit market conditions could significantly affect the availability of equity or credit financing. While there is no assurance in the current economic environment, we believe the lenders participating in our credit agreements will be willing and able to provide financing in accordance with the terms of their agreements. In this regard, on February 6, 2009 we borrowed the approximately $1.6 billion of remaining availability under our $2.0 billion revolving credit facility to improve our liquidity position in light of continuing uncertainty in credit market and economic conditions. We expect to refinance our $500.0 million 4.25% notes due May 15, 2009 with a draw under the $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility that is specifically designated for this purpose. The remaining $69.5 million of indebtedness maturing in 2009 will either be refinanced or repaid with cash flow from operations or on hand.

We expect to be in compliance with the covenants under ourcontained in Clear Channel’s material financing agreements in 2012, including the maximum consolidated senior secured net debt to consolidated EBITDA limitation contained in Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities in 2009.facilities. However, our anticipated results are subject to significant uncertainty and there can be no assurance that actual results will be in compliance with the covenants. In addition, our ability to comply with the covenants in our financing agreementsthis limitation may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. The breach of any covenants set forth in ourClear Channel’s financing agreements would result in a default thereunder. An event of default would permit the lenders under a defaulted financing agreement to declare all indebtedness thereunder to be due and payable prior to maturity. Moreover, the lenders under the revolving credit facility under ourClear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities

48


would have the option to terminate their commitments to make further extensions of revolving credit thereunder. If we are unable to repay ourClear Channel’s obligations under any senior secured credit facilities or the receivables based credit facility, the lenders under such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility could proceed against any assets that were pledged to secure such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility. In addition, a default or acceleration under any of ourClear Channel’s material financing agreements could cause a default under other of our obligations that are subject to cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions.
     Our corporate credit and issue-level ratings were downgraded on February 20, 2009 by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services. Our corporate credit rating was lowered to “B-”. These ratings remain on credit watch with negative implications. Additionally, Moody’s Investors Service has placed our credit ratings on review The threshold amount for possible downgrade from “B2.” These ratings are significantly below investment grade. These ratings and any additional reductions in our credit ratings could further increase our borrowing costs and reduce the availability of financing to us. In addition, deteriorating economic conditions, including market disruptions, tightened credit markets and significantly wider corporate borrowing spreads, may make it more difficult or costly for us to obtain financing in the future. A credit rating downgrade does not constitute a default under any of our debt obligations.
     Our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt service and other obligations, and to comply with the financial covenants under our financing agreements depends on our future operating performance and cash flow, which are in turn subject to prevailing economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If our future operating performance does not meet our expectation or our plans materially change in an adverse manner or prove to be materially inaccurate, we may need additional financing. Continuing adverse securities and credit market conditions could significantly affect the availability of equity or credit financing. Consequently, there can be no assurance that such financing, if permittedcross-default under the terms of our financing agreements, will be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. The inability to obtain additional financing in such circumstances could have a material adverse effect on our financial conditionsenior secured credit facilities and on our ability to meet our obligations.
receivables based facility is $100.0 million.

Sources of Capital

As of December 31, 20082011 and 2007,2010, we had the following indebtedness outstanding:

         
  Post-merger  Pre-merger 
  December 31,  December 31, 
(In millions) 2008  2007 
Term Loan A $1,331.5    
Term Loan B  10,700.0    
Term Loan C  695.9    
Delayed Draw Facility  532.5    
Receivables Based Facility  445.6    
Revolving Credit Facility(a)
  220.0    
Secured Subsidiary Debt  6.6   8.3 
       
Total Secured Debt  13,932.1   8.3 
Senior Cash Pay Notes  980.0    
Senior Toggle Notes  1,330.0    
Clear Channel $1.75 billion credit facility     174.6 
Clear Channel Senior Notes(b)
  3,192.3   5,646.4 
Clear Channel Subsidiary Debt(c)
  69.3   745.9 
       
Total Debt  19,503.7   6,575.2 
Less: Cash and cash equivalents  239.8   145.1 
       
  $19,263.9  $6,430.1 
       
debt outstanding, net of cash and cash equivalents:

$00,000000$00,000000
(In millions)  As of December 31, 
   2011   2010 

Senior Secured Credit Facilities:

    

Term Loan A Facility

    $1,087.1         $1,127.7     

Term Loan B Facility

   8,735.9        9,061.9     

Term Loan C – Asset Sale Facility

   670.8        695.9     

Revolving Credit Facility(1)

   1,325.6        1,842.5     

Delayed Draw Term Loan Facilities

   976.8        1,013.2     

Receivables Based Facility(2)

   —       384.2     

Priority Guarantee Notes

   1,750.0        —    

Other Secured Subsidiary Debt

   30.9        4.7     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Secured Debt

   14,577.1        14,130.1     

Senior Cash Pay Notes

   796.3        796.3     

Senior Toggle Notes

   829.8        829.8     

Clear Channel Senior Notes

   1,998.4        2,911.4     

Subsidiary Senior Notes

   2,500.0        2,500.0     

Other Clear Channel Subsidiary Debt

   19.9        63.1     

Purchase accounting adjustments and original issue discount

   (514.3)       (623.3)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Debt

   20,207.2        20,607.4     

Less: Cash and cash equivalents

   1,228.7        1,920.9     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
    $18,978.5         $18,686.5     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

(a) Subsequent to(1)We had $536.0 million of availability under the Revolving Credit Facility as of December 31, 2008, we borrowed the approximately $1.6 billion of remaining availability under this facility.2011.
 
(b)(2)Includes $1.1 billion atAs of December 31, 2008 in unamortized fair value purchase accounting discounts related to our merger with Clear Channel. Includes $11.42011, we had available under the Receivables Based Facility the lesser of $625 million increase related to fair value adjustments for interest rate swap agreements and $15.0 million decrease related to original issue discounts at December 31, 2007.
(c)Includes $3.2 million at December 31, 2007 in unamortized fair value purchase accounting adjustment premiums related to Clear Channel’s merger with AMFM.(the revolving credit commitment) or the borrowing base amount, as defined under the Receivables Based Facility.

We may utilize available funds for general working capital purposes including funding capital expenditures and acquisitions. We may alsoour subsidiaries have from time to time seek to retire or purchase ourrepurchased certain debt obligations of Clear Channel and outstanding debt or equity securities or

49


obligations through cash purchases, prepayments and/of CCOH, and we may in the future, as part of various financing and investment strategies, purchase additional outstanding indebtedness of Clear Channel or exchanges for debtits subsidiaries or our outstanding equity securities or obligations,outstanding equity securities of CCOH, in tender offers, open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such uses, repurchases, prepaymentsWe may also sell certain assets or exchanges,properties and use the proceeds to reduce our indebtedness. These purchases or sales, if any, could have a material positive or negative impact on our liquidity available to repay outstanding debt obligations or on our consolidated results of operations. These transactions could also require or result in amendments to the agreements governing outstanding debt obligations or changes in our leverage or other financial ratios, which could have a material positive or negative impact on our ability to comply with the covenants contained in Clear Channel’s debt agreements. These transactions, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Indebtedness Incurred in Connection with the Merger

     The following is a summary of the terms of our indebtedness incurred in connection with the merger:
a $1.33 billion term loan A facility, with a maturity in July 2014;
a $10.7 billion term loan B facility with a maturity in January 2016;
a $695.9 million term loan C — asset sale facility, with a maturity in January 2016;
a $750.0 million delayed draw term loan facility with a maturity in January 2016 which may be drawn to purchase or redeem Clear Channel’s outstanding 7.65% senior notes due 2010, of which $532.5 million was drawn as of December 31, 2008;
a $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility with a maturity in January 2016 may be drawn to purchase or redeem Clear Channel’s outstanding 4.25% senior notes due 2009, of which none was drawn as of December 31, 2008;
a $2.0 billion revolving credit facility with a maturity in July 2014, including a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility. As of February 27, 2009, the outstanding balance on this facility was $1.8 billion and, taking into account letters of credit of $171.9 million, $18.1 million was available to be drawn;
a $783.5 million receivables based credit facility with a maturity in July 2014 providing revolving credit commitments in an amount equal to the initial borrowing of $533.5 million on the merger closing date plus $250 million, subject to a borrowing base, of which $445.6 million was drawn as of December 31, 2008, which was the maximum available under the borrowing base. As of February 27, 2009, the outstanding balance on this facility had declined to $365.5 million which was the maximum available under the borrowing base; and
$980.0 million aggregate principal amount of 10.75% senior cash pay notes due 2016 and $1.33 billion aggregate principal amount of 11.00%/11.75% senior toggle notes due 2016.
     Each of the proceeding obligations are between Clear Channel, our wholly owned subsidiary, and each lender from time to time party to the credit agreements or senior cash pay and senior toggle notes. The following references to “our”, us” or “we” in the discussion of the credit agreements, senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes are in respect to Clear Channel’s obligations under the credit agreements, senior cash pay and senior toggle notes.
Senior Secured Credit Facilities

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel had a total of $12,796 million outstanding under its senior secured credit facilities, consisting of:

a $1,087 million term loan A facility which matures in July 2014;

an $8,736 million term loan B facility which matures in July 2016;

a $670.8 million term loan C—asset sale facility, subject to reduction as described below, which matures in January 2016;

two delayed draw term loan facilities, of which $568.6 million and $408.2 million was drawn as of December 31, 2011, respectively, and which mature in January 2016; and

a $1,928 million revolving credit facility, including a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility, of which $1,326 million was drawn as of December 31, 2011, which matures in July 2014.

Clear Channel may raise incremental term loans or incremental commitments under the revolving credit facility of up to (a) $1.5 billion, plus (b) the excess, if any, of (x) 0.65 times pro forma consolidated EBITDA (as calculated in the manner provided in the senior secured credit facilities documentation), over (y) $1.5 billion, plus (c) the aggregate

amount of certain principal prepayments made in respect of the term loans under the senior secured credit facilities. Availability of such incremental term loans or revolving credit commitments is subject, among other things, to the absence of any default, pro forma compliance with the financial covenant and the receipt of commitments by existing or additional financial institutions.

Clear Channel is the primary borrower under the senior secured credit facilities, except that certain of its domestic restricted subsidiaries are co-borrowers under a portion of the term loan facilities. Clear Channel also has the ability to designate one or more of its foreign restricted subsidiaries in certain jurisdictions as borrowers under the revolving credit facility, subject to certain conditions and sublimits and have so designated certain subsidiaries in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.

Interest Rate and Fees

Borrowings under theClear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus, at ourClear Channel’s option, either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (A) the prime lending rate publicly announced by the administrative agent andor (B) the federalFederal funds effective rate from time to time plus 0.50%, or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs.

The margin percentages applicable to the term loan facilities and revolving credit facility are the following percentages per annum:

with respect to loans under the term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility, (i) 2.40% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.40% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans; and

with respect to loans under the term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility, (i) 2.40% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.40% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans subject to downward adjustments if our leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1; and
with respect to loans under the term loan B facility, term loan C — asset sale facility and delayed draw term loan facilities, (i) 2.65%, in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.65%, in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans subject to downward adjustments if our leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1.

with respect to loans under the term loan B facility, term loan C - asset sale facility and delayed draw term loan facilities, (i) 2.65%, in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.65%, in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans.

     We

The margin percentages are subject to adjustment based upon Clear Channel’s leverage ratio.

Clear Channel is required to pay each revolving credit lender a commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the revolving credit facility, which is currently 0.50% per annum. We are requiredannum, but subject to pay each delayed draw term facility lender a commitment fee in respect of any undrawn commitments under the delayed draw term facilities, which initially is 1.825% per annum until theadjustment based on Clear Channel’s leverage ratio. The delayed draw term facilities are fully drawn, ortherefore there are currently no commitment fees associated with any unused commitments thereunder terminated.

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thereunder.


Prepayments

The senior secured credit facilities require usClear Channel to prepay outstanding term loans, subject to certain exceptions, with:

50% (which percentage may be reduced to 25% and to 0% based upon Clear Channel’s leverage ratio) of our annual excess cash flow (as calculated in accordance with the senior secured credit facilities), less any voluntary prepayments of term loans and revolving credit loans (to the extent accompanied by a permanent reduction of the commitment) and subject to customary credits;

50% (which percentage will be reduced to 25% and to 0% based upon our leverage ratio) of our annual excess cash flow (as calculated in accordance with the senior secured credit facilities), less any voluntary prepayments of term loans and revolving credit loans (to the extent accompanied by a permanent reduction of the commitment) and subject to customary credits;
100% (which percentage will be reduced to 75% and 50% based upon our leverage ratio) of the net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions by us or our wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries (including casualty and condemnation events) of assets other than specified assets subject to reinvestment rights and certain other exceptions; and
100% of the net cash proceeds of any incurrence of certain debt, other than debt permitted under the senior secured credit facilities.

100% of the net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions of specified assets being marketed for sale (including casualty and condemnation events), subject to certain exceptions;

100% (which percentage may be reduced to 75% and 50% based upon Clear Channel’s leverage ratio) of the net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions by Clear Channel or its wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries of assets other than specified assets being marketed for sale, subject to reinvestment rights and certain other exceptions; and

100% of the net cash proceeds of (i) any incurrence of certain debt, other than debt permitted under Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities, (ii) certain securitization financing and (iii) certain issuances of Permitted Additional Notes (as defined in the senior secured credit facilities).

The foregoing prepayments with the net cash proceeds of certain incurrences of debt and annual excess cash flow will be applied (i) first to the term loans other than the term loan C - asset sale facility loans (on a pro rata basis) and (ii) second to the term loan C - asset sale facility loans, in each case to the remaining installments thereof in direct order of maturity. The foregoing prepayments with the net cash proceeds of the sale of assets (including casualty and condemnation events) will be applied (i) first to the term loan C - asset sale facility loans and (ii) second to the other term loans (on a pro rata basis), in each case to the remaining installments thereof in direct order of maturity.

     We

Clear Channel may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under ourthe senior secured credit facilities at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency rate loans.

     We are

Amortization of Term Loans

Clear Channel is required to repay the loans under ourthe term loan facilities, after giving effect to (1) the December 2009 prepayment of $2.0 billion of term loans with proceeds from the issuance of subsidiary senior notes discussed elsewhere in this MD&A and, (2) the February 2011 prepayment of $500.0 million of revolving credit facility and term loans with the proceeds of the February 2011 Offering discussed elsewhere in this MD&A as follows:

the term loan A facility will amortize in quarterly installments commencing on the first interest payment date after the second anniversary of the closing date of the merger in annual amounts equal to 5% of the original funded principal amount of such facility in years three and four, 10% thereafter, with the balance being payable on the final maturity date of such term loans; and
the term loan B facility, term loan C — asset sale facility and delayed draw term loan facilities will amortize in quarterly installments on the first interest payment date after the third anniversary of the closing date of the merger, in annual amounts equal to 2.5% of the original funded principal amount of such facilities in years four and five and 1% thereafter, with the balance being payable on the final maturity date of such term loans.

(In millions)                    

Year

  Tranche A Term
Loan
Amortization*
   Tranche B Term
Loan
Amortization**
   Tranche C Term
Loan
Amortization**
   Delayed Draw 1
Term Loan
Amortization**
   Delayed Draw 2
Term Loan
Amortization**
 

2012

            $1.0            

2013

  $88.5         $12.2            

2014

  $998.6         $7.0            

2015

            $3.4            

2016

       $8,735.9    $647.2    $568.6    $408.2  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $1,087.1    $8,735.9    $670.8    $568.6    $408.2  

*Balance of Tranche A Term Loan is due July 30, 2014

**Balance of Tranche B Term Loan, Tranche C Term Loan, Delayed Draw 1 Term Loan and Delayed Draw 2 Term Loan are due January 29, 2016

Collateral and Guarantees

The senior secured credit facilities are guaranteed by Clear Channel and each of ourClear Channel’s existing and future material wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

All obligations under the senior secured credit facilities, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured, subject to permitted liens, including prior liens permitted by the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes, and other exceptions, by:

a lien on the capital stock of Clear Channel;

a first-priority lien on the capital stock of Clear Channel;
100% of the capital stock of any future material wholly-owned domestic license subsidiary that is not a “Restricted Subsidiary” under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes;
certain assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes);
certain assets that constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes) securing obligations under the senior secured credit facilities up to the maximum amount permitted to be secured by such assets without requiring equal and ratable security under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes; and
a second-priority lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing our receivables based credit facility.

100% of the capital stock of any future material wholly-owned domestic license subsidiary that is not a “Restricted Subsidiary” under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes;

certain assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes);

certain specified assets of Clear Channel and the guarantors that constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes) securing obligations under the senior secured credit facilities up to the maximum amount permitted to be secured by such assets without requiring equal and ratable security under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes; and

a lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing Clear Channel’s receivables based credit facility that is junior to the lien securing Clear Channel’s obligations under such credit facility.

The obligations of any foreign subsidiaries that are borrowers under the revolving credit facility willare also be guaranteed by certain of their material wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries, and secured by substantially all assets of all such borrowers and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions.

Certain Covenants and Events of Default

The senior secured credit facilities require usClear Channel to comply on a quarterly basis with a maximumfinancial covenant limiting the ratio of consolidated senior secured debt, net of cash and cash equivalents, to consolidated EBITDA for the preceding four quarters. Clear Channel’s secured debt to adjusted EBITDA (as calculated in accordance withconsists of the senior secured credit facilities) ratio. Thisfacilities, the receivables-based credit facility, the priority guarantee notes and certain other secured subsidiary debt. Clear Channel’s consolidated EBITDA for the preceding four quarters of $2.0 billion is calculated as operating income (loss) before depreciation, amortization, impairment charges and other operating income (expense) – net, plus non-cash compensation, and is further adjusted for the following items: (i) an increase of $18.5 million for cash received from nonconsolidated affiliates; (ii) an increase of $31.5 million for non-cash items; (iii) an increase of $40.1 million related to costs incurred in connection with the closure and/or consolidation of facilities, retention charges, consulting fees and other permitted activities; and (iv) an increase of $31.6 million for various other items. The maximum ratio under this financial covenant becomes effective on March 31, 2009 (maximum ofis currently set at 9.5:1)1 and will becomebecomes more restrictive over time beginning in the second quarter of 2013. Secured leverage, defined as secured debt, net of cash, divided by the trailing 12-month consolidated EBITDA was 6.4:1 atAt December 31, 2008. Our consolidated EBITDA is calculated as the trailing twelve months operating income before depreciation, amortization, impairment charge, non-cash

512011, our ratio was 6.9:1.


compensation, other operating income — net and merger expenses of $1.8 billion adjusted for certain items, including: (i) an increase for expected cost savings (limited to $100.0 million in any twelve month period) of $100.0 million; (ii) an increase of $43.1 million for cash received from nonconsolidated affiliates; (iii) an increase of $17.0 million for non-cash items; (iv) an increase of $95.9 million related to expenses incurred associated with our restructuring program; and (v) an increase of $82.4 million of various other items.
In addition, the senior secured credit facilities include negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit our ability and the ability of ourthe restricted subsidiaries to, among other things:

incur additional indebtedness;

incur additional indebtedness;
create liens on assets;
engage in mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions;
sell assets;
pay dividends and distributions or repurchase its capital stock;
make investments, loans, or advances;
prepay certain junior indebtedness;
engage in certain transactions with affiliates;
amend material agreements governing certain junior indebtedness; and
change our lines of business.

create liens on assets;

engage in mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions;

sell assets;

pay dividends and distributions or repurchase Clear Channel’s capital stock;

make investments, loans, or advances;

prepay certain junior indebtedness;

engage in certain transactions with affiliates;

amend material agreements governing certain junior indebtedness; and

change lines of business.

The senior secured credit facilities include certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default, including payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to certain indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy, certain events under ERISA, material judgments, the invalidity of material provisions of the senior secured credit facilities documentation, the failure of collateral under the security documents for the senior secured credit facilities, the failure of the senior secured credit facilities to be senior debt under the subordination provisions of certain of ourClear Channel’s subordinated debt and a change of control. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of all amounts due under the senior secured credit facilities and all actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor.

Receivables Based Credit Facility

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel had no borrowings outstanding under Clear Channel’s receivables based credit facility. On June 8, 2011, Clear Channel made a voluntary paydown of all amounts outstanding under this facility using cash on hand. Clear Channel’s voluntary paydown did not reduce its commitments under this facility and Clear Channel may reborrow under this facility at any time.

The receivables based credit facility of $783.5 million provides revolving credit commitments in an amount equal to the initial borrowing of $533.5 million on the closing date plus $250$625.0 million, subject to a borrowing base. The borrowing base at any time equals 85% of ourClear Channel’s and certain of ourClear Channel’s subsidiaries’ eligible accounts receivable. The receivables based credit facility includes a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility.

The maturity of the receivables based credit facility is July 2014.

All borrowings under the receivables based credit facility are subject to the absence of any default, the accuracy of representations and warranties and compliance with the borrowing base. If at any time,In addition, borrowings excluding the initial borrowing, under the receivables based credit facility, followingexcluding the closing date will beinitial borrowing, are subject to compliance with a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.0:1.0 if at any time excess availability under the receivables based credit facility is less than $50 million, or if aggregate excess availability under the receivables based credit facility and revolving credit facility is less than 10% of the borrowing base.

Clear Channel and certain subsidiary borrowers are the borrowers under the receivables based credit facility. Clear Channel has the ability to designate one or more of its restricted subsidiaries as borrowers under the receivables based credit facility. The receivables based credit facility loans and letters of credit are available in U.S. dollars.

Interest Rate and Fees

Borrowings under the receivables based credit facility bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus, at ourClear Channel’s option, either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (A) the prime lending rate publicly announced by the administrative agent andor (B) the federalFederal funds effective rate from time to time plus 0.50%, or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs.

The margin percentage applicable to the receivables based credit facility which is (i) 1.40%, in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 2.40% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans subject to downward adjustmentsadjustment if ourClear Channel’s leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1.

     We are

Clear Channel is required to pay each lender a commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the receivables based credit facility, which is currently 0.375% per annum, subject to downward adjustments if ouradjustment based on Clear Channel’s leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 6 to 1.

ratio.

Prepayments

If at any time the sum of the outstanding amounts under the receivables based credit facility (including the letter of credit outstanding amounts and swingline loans thereunder) exceeds the lesser of (i) the borrowing base and (ii) the aggregate commitments under the receivables based credit facility, weClear Channel will be required to repay outstanding loans and cash collateralize letters of credit in an aggregate amount equal to such excess.

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     WeClear Channel may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under the receivables based credit facility at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency rate loans.
Any voluntary prepayments Clear Channel makes will not reduce its commitments under this facility.

Collateral and Guarantees

The receivables based credit facility is guaranteed by, subject to certain exceptions, the guarantors of the senior secured credit facilities. All obligations under the receivables based credit facility, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in all of ourClear Channel’s and all of the guarantors’ accounts receivable and related assets and proceeds thereof, that is senior to the security interest of the senior secured credit facilities in such accounts receivable and related assets and proceeds thereof, subject to permitted liens, including prior liens permitted by the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes, and certain exceptions.

The receivables based credit facility includes negative covenants, representations, warranties, events of default, conditions precedent and termination provisions substantially similar to those governing our senior secured credit facilities.

Priority Guarantee Notes

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel had outstanding $1.75 billion aggregate principal amount of 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021.

The Priority Guarantee Notes mature on March 1, 2021 and bear interest at a rate of 9.0% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, beginning on September 1, 2011. The Priority Guarantee Notes are Clear Channel’s senior obligations and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior basis by the guarantors named in the indenture. The Priority Guarantee Notes and the guarantors’ obligations under the guarantees are secured by (i) a lien on (a) the capital stock of Clear Channel and (b) certain property and related assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes), in each case equal in priority to the liens securing the obligations under Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities, subject to certain exceptions, and (ii) a lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing Clear Channel’s receivables based credit facility junior in priority to the lien securing Clear Channel’s obligations thereunder, subject to certain exceptions.

Clear Channel may redeem the Priority Guarantee Notes at its option, in whole or part, at any time prior to March 1, 2016, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Priority Guarantee Notes redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and plus an applicable premium. Clear Channel may redeem the Priority Guarantee Notes, in whole or in part, on or after March 1, 2016, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. At any time on or before March 1, 2014, Clear Channel may elect to redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the Priority Guarantee Notes at a redemption price equal to 109.0% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the net proceeds of one or more equity offerings.

The indenture governing the Priority Guarantee Notes contains covenants that limit Clear Channel’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions or investments; (ii) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; (iii) modify any of Clear Channel’s existing senior notes; (iv) transfer or sell assets; (v) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; (vi) create restrictions on dividends or other payments by the restricted subsidiaries; and (vii) merge, consolidate or sell substantially all of Clear Channel’s assets. The indenture contains covenants that limit Clear Channel Capital I, LLC’s and Clear Channel’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) create liens on assets and (ii) materially impair the value of the security interests taken with respect to the collateral for the benefit of the notes collateral agent and the holders of the Priority Guarantee Notes. The indenture also provides for customary events of default.

Senior Cash Pay Notes and Senior Toggle Notes

     We have

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel had outstanding $980.0$796.3 million aggregate principal amount of 10.75% senior cash pay notes due 2016 (the “senior cash pay notes”) and $1.3 billion$829.8 million aggregate principal amount of 11.00%/11.75% senior toggle notes due 2016 (the “senior toggle notes” and, together with the2016.

The senior cash pay notes the “notes”).

and senior toggle notes are unsecured and are guaranteed by Clear Channel Capital I, LLC and all of Clear Channel’s existing and future material wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions. The senior toggle notes mature on August 1, 2016 and may require a special redemption of up to $30.0 million on August 1, 2015. WeClear Channel may elect on each interest election date to pay all or 50% of such interest on the senior toggle notes in cash or by increasing the principal amount of the senior toggle notes or by issuing new senior toggle notes (such increase or issuance, “PIK Interest”). Interest on the senior toggle notes payable in cash will accrue at a rate of 11.00% per annum and PIK Interest will accrue at a rate of 11.75% per annum.
     On January 15, 2009, we made a permitted election under the indenture governing the senior toggle notes to pay interest under the senior toggle notes for the semi-annual interest period commencing February 1, 2009 entirely in kind (“PIK Interest”). For subsequent interest periods, no later than 10 business days prior to the beginning of such interest period, we must make an election regarding whether the applicable interest payment on the senior toggle notes will be made entirely in cash, entirely through PIK Interest or 50% in cash and 50% in PIK Interest. In the absence of such an election for any interest period, interest on the senior toggle notes will be payable according to the election for the immediately preceding interest period. As a result, the PIK Interest election is now the default election for future interest periods unless and until we elect otherwise.
     We

Clear Channel may redeem some or all of the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes at any time prior to August 1, 2012, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such notes plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date and a “make-wholean “applicable premium,” as described in the indenture governing such notes. WeClear Channel may redeem some or all of the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes at any time on or after August 1, 2012 at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing such notes. In addition, we may redeem up to 40% of any series of the outstanding notes at any time on or prior to August 1, 2011 with the net cash proceeds raised in one or more equity offerings. If we undergoClear Channel undergoes a change of control, sells certain of ourits assets, or issueissues certain debt, offerings, weit may be required to offer to purchase the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes from holders.

The senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes are senior unsecured debt and rank equal in right of payment with all of ourClear Channel’s existing and future senior debt. Guarantors of obligations under the senior secured credit facilities, and the receivables based credit facility and the priority guarantee notes guarantee the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes with unconditional guarantees that are unsecured and equal in right of payment to all existing and future senior debt of such guarantors, except that the guarantees are subordinated in right of payment only to the guarantees of obligations under the senior secured credit facilities, and the receivables based credit facility.facility and the priority guarantee notes to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. In addition, the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes and the guarantees are structurally senior to the Clear Channel’sChannel senior notes and existing and future debt to the extent that such debt is not guaranteed by the guarantors of the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes. The senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes and the guarantees are effectively subordinated to theClear Channel’s existing and future secured debt and that of the guarantors to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness and are structurally subordinated to all obligations of subsidiaries that do not guarantee the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes.

On July 16, 2010, Clear Channel Credit Facility

made the election to pay interest on the senior toggle notes entirely in cash, effective for the interest period commencing August 1, 2010. Assuming the cash interest election remains in effect for the remaining term of the notes, Clear Channel will be contractually obligated to make a payment to bondholders of $57.4 million on August 1, 2013. This amount is included in “Interest payments on long-term debt” in the “Contractual Obligations” table of this MD&A.

Clear Channel Senior Notes

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel’s senior notes (the “senior notes”) represented approximately $2.0 billion of aggregate principal amount of indebtedness outstanding.

The senior notes were the obligations of Clear Channel prior to the merger. The senior notes are senior, unsecured obligations that are effectively subordinated to Clear Channel’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of Clear Channel’s assets securing such indebtedness and are not guaranteed by any of Clear Channel’s subsidiaries and, as a result, are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities of Clear Channel’s subsidiaries. The senior notes rank equally in right of payment with all of Clear Channel’s existing and future senior indebtedness and senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness. The senior notes are not guaranteed by Clear Channel’s subsidiaries.

Subsidiary Senior Notes

As of December 31, 2011, we had outstanding $2.5 billion aggregate principal amount of subsidiary senior notes, which consisted of $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of Series A Senior Notes due 2017 (the “Series A Notes”) and $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of Series B Senior Notes due 2017 (the “Series B Notes” and, collectively with the Series A Notes, the “subsidiary senior notes”). The subsidiary senior notes were issued by Clear Channel Worldwide Holdings, Inc. (“CCWH”) and are guaranteed by CCOH, CCOI and certain of CCOH’s direct and indirect subsidiaries. The subsidiary senior notes bear interest on a multi-currencydaily basis and contain customary provisions, including covenants requiring CCWH to maintain certain levels of credit availability and limitations on incurring additional debt.

The subsidiary senior notes are senior obligations that rank pari passu in right of payment to all unsubordinated indebtedness of CCWH and the guarantees of the subsidiary senior notes rank pari passu in right of payment to all unsubordinated indebtedness of the guarantors.

The indentures governing the subsidiary senior notes require CCWH to maintain at least $100 million in cash or other liquid assets or have cash available to be borrowed under committed credit facilities consisting of (i) $50.0 million at the issuer and guarantor entities (principally the Americas outdoor segment) and (ii) $50.0 million at the non-guarantor subsidiaries (principally the International outdoor segment) (together the “Liquidity Amount”), in each case under the sole control of the relevant entity. In the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization, or similar proceeding of Clear Channel, for the period thereafter that is the shorter of such proceeding and 60 days, the Liquidity Amount shall be reduced to $50.0 million, with a $25.0 million requirement at the issuer and guarantor entities and a $25.0 million requirement at the non-guarantor subsidiaries.

In addition, interest on the subsidiary senior notes accrues daily and is payable into an account established by the trustee for the benefit of the bondholders (the “Trustee Account”). Failure to make daily payment on any day does not constitute an event of default so long as (a) no payment or other transfer by CCOH or any of its subsidiaries shall have been made on such day under the cash management sweep with Clear Channel and (b) on each semiannual interest payment date the aggregate amount of funds in the Trustee Account is equal to at least the aggregate amount of accrued and unpaid interest on the subsidiary senior notes.

The indenture governing the Series A Notes contains covenants that limit CCOH and its restricted subsidiaries ability to, among other things:

incur or guarantee additional debt to persons other than Clear Channel and its subsidiaries (other than CCOH) or issue certain preferred stock;

create liens on its restricted subsidiaries assets to secure such debt;

create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to CCOH from its restricted subsidiaries that are not guarantors of the notes;

enter into certain transactions with affiliates;

merge or consolidate with another person, or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets;

sell certain assets, including capital stock of its subsidiaries, to persons other than Clear Channel and its subsidiaries (other than CCOH); and

purchase or otherwise effectively cancel or retire any of the Series A Notes if after doing so the ratio of (a) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series A Notes to (b) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series B Notes shall be greater than 0.250.

In addition, the indenture governing the Series A Notes provides that if CCWH (i) makes an optional redemption of the Series B Notes or purchases or makes an offer to purchase the Series B Notes at or above 100% of the principal amount thereof, then CCWH shall apply a pro rata amount to make an optional redemption or purchase a pro rata amount of the Series A Notes or (ii) makes an asset sale offer under the indenture governing the Series B Notes, then CCWH shall apply a pro rata amount to make an offer to purchase a pro rata amount of Series A Notes.

The indenture governing the Series A Notes does not include limitations on dividends, distributions, investments or asset sales.

The indenture governing the Series B Notes contains covenants that limit CCOH and its restricted subsidiaries ability to, among other things:

incur or guarantee additional debt or issue certain preferred stock;

redeem, repurchase or retire CCOH’s subordinated debt;

make certain investments;

create liens on its or its restricted subsidiaries’ assets to secure debt;

create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to it from its restricted subsidiaries that are not guarantors of the subsidiary senior notes;

enter into certain transactions with affiliates;

merge or consolidate with another person, or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets;

sell certain assets, including capital stock of its subsidiaries;

designate its subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries;

pay dividends, redeem or repurchase capital stock or make other restricted payments; and

purchase or otherwise effectively cancel or retire any of the Series B Notes if after doing so the ratio of (a) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series A Notes to (b) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series B Notes shall be greater than 0.250. This stipulation ensures, among other things, that as long as the Series A Notes are outstanding, the Series B Notes are outstanding.

The Series A Notes indenture and Series B Notes indenture restrict CCOH’s ability to incur additional indebtedness but permit CCOH to incur additional indebtedness based on an incurrence test. In order to incur additional indebtedness under this test, CCOH’s debt to adjusted EBITDA ratios (as defined by the indentures) must be lower than 6.5:1 and 3.25:1 for total debt and senior debt, respectively. The indentures contain certain other exceptions that allow CCOH to incur additional indebtedness. The Series B Notes indenture also permits CCOH to pay dividends from the proceeds of indebtedness or the proceeds from asset sales if its debt to adjusted EBITDA ratios (as defined by the indentures) are lower than 6.0:1 and 3.0:1 for total debt and senior debt, respectively. The Series A Notes indenture does not limit CCOH’s ability to pay dividends. The Series B Notes indenture contains certain exceptions that allow CCOH to incur additional indebtedness and pay dividends, including a $500.0 million exception for the payment of dividends. CCOH was in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2011.

A portion of the proceeds of the subsidiary senior notes offering were used to (i) pay the fees and expenses of the offering, (ii) fund $50.0 million of the Liquidity Amount (the $50.0 million liquidity amount of the non-guarantor subsidiaries was satisfied) and (iii) apply $2.0 billion of the cash proceeds (which amount is equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Series B Notes) to repay an equal amount of indebtedness under Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities. In accordance with the senior secured credit facilities, the $2.0 billion cash proceeds were applied ratably to the term loan A, term loan B, and both delayed draw term loan facilities, and within each such class, such prepayment was applied to remaining scheduled installments of principal.

The balance of the proceeds is available to CCOI for general corporate purposes. In this regard, all of the remaining proceeds could be used to pay dividends from CCOI to CCOH. In turn, CCOH could declare a dividend to its shareholders, of which Clear Channel would receive its proportionate share. Payment of such dividends would not be prohibited by the terms of the subsidiary senior notes or any of the loan agreements or credit facilities of CCOI or CCOH.

Refinancing Transactions

During the first quarter of 2011 Clear Channel amended its senior secured credit facilities and its receivables based credit facility and issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 (the “Initial Notes”). We capitalized $39.5 million in fees and expenses associated with the offering and are amortizing them through interest expense over the life of the Initial Notes.

Clear Channel used the proceeds of the Initial Notes offering to prepay $500.0 million of the indebtedness outstanding under its senior secured credit facilities. The $500.0 million prepayment was allocated on a ratable basis between outstanding term loans and revolving credit commitments under Clear Channel’s revolving credit facility, thus permanently reducing the revolving credit commitments under Clear Channel’s revolving credit facility to $1.9 billion. The prepayment resulted in the accelerated expensing of $5.7 million of loan fees recorded in “Other income (expense) – net”.

The proceeds from the offering of the Initial Notes, along with available cash on hand, were also used to repay at maturity $692.7 million in aggregate principal amount of $1.75 billion. This facility was terminated in connectionClear Channel’s 6.25% senior notes, which matured during the first quarter of 2011.

Clear Channel obtained, concurrent with the closingoffering of the merger.

53Initial Notes, amendments to its credit agreements with respect to its senior secured credit facilities and its receivables based credit facility (revolving credit commitments under the receivables based facility were reduced from $783.5 million to $625.0 million), which were required as a


condition to complete the offering. The amendments, among other things, permit Clear Channel to request future extensions of the maturities of its senior secured credit facilities, provide Clear Channel with greater flexibility in the use of its accordion capacity, provide Clear Channel with greater flexibility to incur new debt, provided that the proceeds from such new debt are used to pay down senior secured credit facility indebtedness, and provide greater flexibility for CCOH and its subsidiaries to incur new debt, provided that the net proceeds distributed to Clear Channel from the issuance of such new debt are used to pay down senior secured credit facility indebtedness.

In June 2011, Clear Channel issued an additional $750.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 (the “Additional Notes”) at an issue price of 93.845% of the principal amount of the Additional Notes. Interest on the Additional Notes accrued from February 23, 2011 and accrued interest was paid by the purchaser at the time of delivery of the Additional Notes on June 14, 2011. Of the $703.8 million of proceeds from the issuance of the Additional Notes ($750.0 million aggregate principal amount net of $46.2 million of discount), Clear Channel used $500 million for general corporate purposes (to replenish cash on hand that Clear Channel previously used to pay senior notes at maturity on March 15, 2011 and May 15, 2011) and intends to use the remaining $203.8 million to repay at maturity a portion of Clear Channel’s 5% senior notes which mature in March 2012.

We capitalized an additional $7.1 million in fees and expenses associated with the offering of the Additional Notes and are amortizing them through interest expense over the life of the Additional Notes.

The Additional Notes were issued as additional notes under the indenture, dated as of February 23, 2011 (the “Indenture”), among Clear Channel, the guarantors named therein, Wilmington Trust FSB, as trustee (the “Trustee”), and the other agents named therein, under which Clear Channel previously issued the Initial Notes. The Additional Notes were issued pursuant to a supplemental indenture to the Indenture, dated as of June 14, 2011, between Clear Channel and the Trustee. The Initial Notes and the Additional Notes have identical terms and are treated as a single class.

Dispositions and Other

     Clear Channel received proceeds

During 2011, we divested and exchanged 27 radio stations for approximately $22.7 million and recorded a loss of $110.5$0.5 million in “Other operating income (expense) – net.”

On October 15, 2010, CCOH transferred its interest in its Branded Cities operations to its joint venture partner, The Ellman Companies. We recognized a loss of $25.3 million in “Other operating income (expense) – net” related to the salethis transfer.

During 2010, our International outdoor segment sold its outdoor advertising business in India, resulting in a loss of $3.7 million included in “Other operating income (expense) – net.” In addition, we sold three radio stations, recorded as investing cash flows from discontinued operationsdonated one station, and recorded a gain of $28.8$1.3 million as a component of “income from discontinued operations, net” during 2008. Clear Channel received proceeds of $1.0 billion related to the sale of its television business recorded as investing cash flows from discontinued operationsin “Other operating income (expense) – net.” We also sold representation contracts and recorded a gain of $662.9$6.2 million asin “Other operating income (expense) – net.”

During 2009, we sold six radio stations for approximately $12.0 million and recorded a componentloss of “income from discontinued operations, net” during 2008.

$12.8 million in “Other operating income (expense) – net.” In addition, Clear Channel sold its 50% interestwe exchanged radio stations in Clear Channel Independentour radio markets for assets located in a different market and recognized a loss of $28.0 million in “Other operating income (expense) – net.”

During 2009, we sold international assets for $11.3 million resulting in a gain of $75.6$4.4 million in “Equity“Other operating income (expense) – net.” In addition, we sold assets for $6.8 million in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates” based on the fair value of the equity securities received in the pre-merger period.

     Clear Channel sold a portion of its investment in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones for approximately $47.0 million on July 1, 2008our Americas outdoor segment and recorded a gain of $9.2$4.9 million in equity“Other operating income (expense) – net.” We sold our taxi advertising business and recorded a loss of $20.9 million in earningsour Americas outdoor segment included in “Other operating income (expense) –net.” We also received proceeds of nonconsolidated affiliates. Effective January 20,$18.3 million from the sale of corporate assets during 2009 and recorded a loss of $0.7 million in “Other operating income (expense) – net.”

In addition, we sold 57% of our remaining 20% interest in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones for approximately $23.5$40.5 million and recorded a loss of approximately $2.2 million.

$5.8 million during 2009.

Uses of Capital

Debt Repurchases, Maturities and Other

Dividends

Between 2009 and 2011, our indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries, CC Investments, CC Finco and Clear Channel declaredAcquisition, LLC (“CC Acquisition”), repurchased certain of Clear Channel’s outstanding senior notes, senior cash pay and senior toggle notes through open market repurchases, privately negotiated transactions and tenders as shown in the table below. Notes repurchased and held by CC Investments, CC Finco and CC Acquisition are eliminated in consolidation.

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

CC Investments

      

Principal amount of debt repurchased

    $—        $    185,185       $—    

Deferred loan costs and other

   —       104      —    

Gain recorded in “Other income (expense) – net”(2)

   —       (60,289)     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for repurchases of long-term debt

    $—        $125,000       $—    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

CC Finco

      

Principal amount of debt repurchased

    $80,000       $—        $801,302   

Purchase accounting adjustments(1)

   (20,476)     —       (146,314)  

Deferred loan costs and other

   —       —       (1,468)  

Gain recorded in “Other income (expense) – net”(2)

   (4,274)     —       (368,591)  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for repurchases of long-term debt

    $55,250       $—        $284,929   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

CC Acquisition

      

Principal amount of debt repurchased(3)

    $—        $—        $433,125   

Deferred loan costs and other

   —       —       (813)  

Gain recorded in “Other income (expense) – net”(2)

   —       —       (373,775)  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for repurchases of long-term debt

    $—        $—        $58,537   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1) Represents unamortized fair value purchase accounting discounts recorded as a result of the merger.
(2) CC Investments, CC Finco and CC Acquisition repurchased certain of Clear Channel’s senior notes, senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes at a discount, resulting in a gain on the extinguishment of debt.
(3) CC Acquisition immediately cancelled these notes subsequent to the purchase.

During 2011, Clear Channel repaid its 4.4% senior notes at maturity for $140.2 million (net of $109.8 million principal amount held by and repaid to a $93.4subsidiary of Clear Channel), plus accrued interest, with available cash on hand.

As noted in the “Refinancing Transactions” section of MD&A above, Clear Channel repaid its 6.25% senior notes at maturity for $692.7 (net of $57.3 million dividendprincipal amount held by and repaid to a subsidiary of Clear Channel) with proceeds from the February 2011 Offering.

Prior to, and in connection with the June 2011 Offering, Clear Channel repaid all amounts outstanding under its receivables based credit facility on December 3, 2007 payable to shareholdersJune 8, 2011, using cash on hand. This voluntary repayment did not reduce Clear Channel’s commitments under this facility and Clear Channel may reborrow amounts under this facility at any time. In addition, on June 27, 2011, Clear Channel made a voluntary payment of record$500.0 million on its revolving credit facility, which did not reduce Clear Channel’s commitments under this facility and Clear Channel may reborrow amounts under this facility at any time.

During 2010, Clear Channel repaid its remaining 7.65% senior notes upon maturity for $138.8 million, including $5.1 million of accrued interest, with proceeds from its delayed draw term loan facility that was specifically designated for this purpose. Also during 2010, Clear Channel repaid its remaining 4.5% senior notes upon maturity for $240.0 million with available cash on hand.

During 2009, Clear Channel repaid the remaining principal amount of its 4.25% senior notes at maturity with a draw under the $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility that was specifically designated for this purpose.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 20072011, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

(In millions)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

CCME

    $61.4          $35.5          $41.9      

Americas outdoor advertising

   131.1         96.7         84.4      

International outdoor advertising

   160.0         98.6         91.5      

Corporate and Other

   9.8         10.7         6.0      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total capital expenditures

    $        362.3          $        241.5          $        223.8      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Our capital expenditures are not of significant size individually and primarily relate to the ongoing deployment of digital displays and recurring maintenance.

Dividends

We have never paid cash dividends on January 15, 2008.

     Weour Class A common stock, and we currently do not intend to pay regular quarterly cash dividends on our Class A common stock in the shares of our common stock.future. Clear Channel’s debt financing arrangements include restrictions on its ability to pay dividends, which in turn affects our ability to pay dividends.

Tender OffersAcquisitions

On April 29, 2011, we completed our Traffic acquisition for $24.3 million to add a complementary traffic operation to our existing traffic business. Immediately after closing, the acquired subsidiaries repaid pre-existing, intercompany debt owed by the subsidiaries to Westwood One, Inc. in the amount of $95.0 million.

During 2011, we also acquired Brouwer & Partners, a street furniture business in Holland, for $12.5 million.

Stock Purchases

On August 7, 2008,9, 2010, Clear Channel announced that it commencedits board of directors approved a cash tender offer and consent solicitation for the outstanding $750.0 million principal amount of 7.65% senior notes due 2010. The tender offer and consent payment expired on September 9, 2008. The aggregate principal amount of 7.65% senior notes validly tendered and accepted for payment was $363.9 million.

     On November 24, 2008,stock purchase program under which Clear Channel announced that it commenced another cash tender offeror its subsidiaries may purchase up to an aggregate of $100 million of the Class A common stock of the Company and/or the Class A common stock of CCOH. The stock purchase its outstanding 7.65% Senior Notes due 2010. The tender offerprogram does not have a fixed expiration date and consent payment expired on December 23, 2008. The aggregate principal amountmay be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at Clear Channel’s discretion. During 2011, CC Finco purchased 1,553,971 shares of 7.65% senior notes validly tenderedCCOH’s Class A common stock through open market purchases for approximately $16.4 million.

Purchases of Additional Equity Interests

During 2009, our Americas outdoor segment purchased the remaining 15% interest in our consolidated subsidiary, Paneles Napsa S.A., for $13.0 million and accepted for payment was $252.4 million.

our International outdoor segment acquired an additional 5% interest in our consolidated subsidiary, Clear Channel also announced on November 24, 2008 that its indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, CC Finco, LLC, commenced cash tender offersJolly Pubblicita SPA, for Clear Channel’s outstanding 6.25% Senior Notes due 2011 (“6.25 Notes”), Clear Channel’s outstanding 4.40% Senior Notes due 2011 (“4.40% Notes”), Clear Channel’s outstanding 5.00% Senior Notes due 2012 (“5.00% Notes”) and Clear Channel’s outstanding 5.75% Senior Notes due 2013 (“5.75% Notes”). The tender offers and consent payments expired on December 23, 2008. The aggregate principal amounts of the 6.25% Notes, 4.40% Notes, 5.00% Notes and 5.75% Notes validly tendered and accepted for payment pursuant to the tender offers was $27.1 million, $26.7 million, $24.2 million and $24.3 million, respectively, and CC Finco, LLC purchased and currently holds such tendered notes.
Debt Maturities and Other
     On January 15, 2008, Clear Channel redeemed its 4.625% senior notes at their maturity for $500.0 million plus accrued interest with proceeds from its bank credit facility.
     On June 15, 2008, Clear Channel redeemed its 6.625% senior notes at their maturity for $125.0 million with available cash on hand.
     Clear Channel terminated its cross currency swaps on July 30, 2008 by paying the counterparty $196.2 million from available cash on hand.
     Clear Channel repurchased $639.2 million aggregate principal amount of the AMFM Operating Inc. 8% senior notes pursuant to a tender offer and consent solicitation in connection with the merger. The remaining 8% senior notes were redeemed at maturity on November 1, 2008.

54

$12.1 million.


Capital Expenditures
     Capital expenditures, on a combined basis for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $430.5 million. Capital expenditures were $363.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2007.
                     
  Combined Year Ended December 31, 2008 Capital Expenditures 
      Americas  International       
      Outdoor  Outdoor  Corporate and    
(In millions) Radio  Advertising  Advertising  Other  Total 
 
Non-revenue producing $61.5  $40.5  $44.9  $10.7  $157.6 
Revenue producing     135.3   137.6      272.9 
                
  $61.5  $175.8  $182.5  $10.7  $430.5 
                
Acquisitions
     We acquired FCC licenses in our radio segment for $11.7 million in cash during 2008. We acquired outdoor display faces and additional equity interests in international outdoor companies for $96.5 million in cash during 2008. Our national representation business acquired representation contracts for $68.9 million in cash during 2008.
Certain Relationships with the Sponsors
     In connection with the merger, we paid certain affiliates of the Sponsors $87.5 million in fees and expenses for financial and structural advice and analysis, assistance with due diligence investigations and debt financing negotiations and $15.9 million for reimbursement of escrow and other out-of-pocket expenses. This amount was preliminarily allocated between merger expenses, debt issuance costs or included in the overall purchase price of the merger.
     We have agreementsManagement

Clear Channel is party to a management agreement with certain affiliates of Bain Capital Partners, LLC and Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. (together, the Sponsors“Sponsors”) and certain other parties pursuant to which such affiliates of the Sponsors will provide management and financial advisory services to us until 2018. The agreementsThese arrangements require usmanagement fees to pay management feesbe paid to such affiliates of the Sponsors for such services at a rate not greater than $15.0 million per year, with any additional fees subject to approval by our board of directors. Forplus reimbursable expenses. During the post-merger period of 2008,years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, we recognized Sponsors’ management fees and reimbursable expenses of $6.3$15.7 million, $17.1 million and $20.5 million, respectively.

As part of the employment agreement for our new Chief Executive Officer, we agreed to provide the Chief Executive Officer an aircraft for his personal and business use during the term of his employment. Subsequently, one of our subsidiaries entered into a six-year aircraft lease with Yet Again Inc., a company controlled by the Chief Executive Officer, to lease an airplane for use by the Chief Executive Officer in exchange for a one-time upfront lease payment of $3.0 million.

Our subsidiary also is responsible for all related taxes, insurance, and maintenance costs during the lease term (other than discretionary upgrades, capital improvements or refurbishment). If the lease is terminated prior to the expiration of its term, Yet Again Inc. will be required to refund a pro rata portion of the lease payment and a pro rata portion of the tax associated with the amount of the lease payment refunded, based upon the period remaining in the term.

Additionally, subsequent to December 31, 2011, Clear Channel is in the process of negotiating a sublease with Pilot Group Manager, LLC, an entity that our Chief Executive Officer is a member of and an investor in, to rent space in Rockefeller Plaza in New York City through July 29, 2014. Fixed rent is expected to be approximately $0.6 million annually plus a proportionate share of building expenses. Pending finalization of the sublease, Clear Channel reimbursed Pilot Group Manager, LLC $40,000 per month for the use of its office space in Rockefeller Plaza in New York City.

Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

     There

We are various lawsuitscurrently involved in certain legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business and, claims pending against us. Based on current assumptions, weas required, have accrued anour estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims. Futurethose claims for which the occurrence of loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These estimates have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies related to these assumptions.

proceedings. Please refer to Item 3. Legal Proceedings within Part I of this Annual Report on

Form 10-K.

Certain agreements relating to acquisitions provide for purchase price adjustments and other future contingent payments based on the financial performance of the acquired companies generally over a one to five yearfive-year period. We will continue to accrue additional amounts related to such contingent payments if and when it is determinable that the applicable financial performance targets will be met. The aggregate of these contingent payments, if performance targets are met, would not significantly impact our financial position or results of operations.

In addition to our scheduled maturities on our debt, we have future cash obligations under various types of contracts. We lease office space, certain broadcast facilities, equipment and the majority of the land occupied by our outdoor advertising structures under long-term operating leases. Some of our lease agreements contain renewal options and annual rental escalation clauses (generally tied to the consumer price index), as well as provisions for our payment of utilities and maintenance.

We have minimum franchise payments associated with non-cancelable contracts that enable us to display advertising on such media as buses, taxis, trains, bus shelters and terminals. The majority of these contracts contain rent provisions that are calculated as the greater of a percentage of the relevant advertising revenue or a specified guaranteed minimum annual payment. Also, we have non-cancelable contracts in our radio broadcasting operations related to program rights and music license fees.

In the normal course of business, our broadcasting operations have minimum future payments associated with employee and talent contracts. These contracts typically contain cancellation provisions that allow us to cancel the contract with good cause.

55


The scheduled maturities of ourClear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities, receivables based facility, senior cash pay and senior toggle notes, other long-term debt outstanding, and our future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable lease agreements, minimum payments under other non-cancelable contracts, payments under employment/talent contracts, capital expenditure commitments, and other long-term obligations as of December 31, 20082011 are as follows:
(In thousands)
                     
  Payments due by Period 
Contractual Obligations Total  2009  2010 -2011  2012-2013  Thereafter 
Long-term Debt                    
Senior Secured Debt $13,932,092   677   249,748   745,115   12,936,552 
Senior Cash Pay and Senior Toggle Notes(1)
  2,310,000            2,310,000 
Clear Channel Senior Notes  4,306,440   500,000   1,329,901   751,539   1,725,000 
Other Long-term Debt  69,260   68,850   410       
Interest payments on long-term debt(2)
  9,136,049   1,151,824   2,077,657   1,899,257   4,007,311 
Non-Cancelable Operating Leases  2,745,110   383,568   627,884   468,084   1,265,574 
Non-Cancelable Contracts  2,648,262   673,900   859,061   471,766   643,535 
Employment/Talent Contracts  599,363   196,391   220,040   112,214   70,718 
Capital Expenditures  151,663   76,760   62,426   9,336   3,141 
Other long-term obligations(3)
  159,805      26,489   9,233   124,083 
                
Total(4)
 $36,058,044  $3,051,970  $5,453,616  $4,466,544  $23,085,914 
                

(In thousands)  Payments due by Period 

Contractual Obligations

  Total   2012   2013-2014   2015-2016   Thereafter 

Long-term Debt:

          

Secured Debt

    $  14,577,149          $  5,938          $  2,456,703          $  10,363,454          $  1,751,054      

Senior Cash Pay and Senior Toggle Notes(1)

   1,626,081         —         —         1,626,081         —      

Clear Channel Senior Notes

   1,998,415         249,851         773,564         500,000         475,000      

Subsidiary Senior Notes

   2,500,000         —         —         —         2,500,000      

Other Long-term Debt

   19,860         19,860         —         —         —      

Interest payments on long-term debt(2)

   6,446,889         1,279,981         2,395,966         1,625,771         1,145,171      

Non-cancelable operating leases

   2,808,273         383,456         629,185         507,752         1,287,880      

Non-cancelable contracts

   2,472,542         548,830         803,639         599,712         520,361      

Employment/talent contracts

   222,620         83,455         81,672         57,493         —      

Capital expenditures

   148,878         67,879         39,220         34,858         6,921      

Unrecognized tax benefits(3)

   217,172         4,500         —         —         212,672      

Other long-term obligations(4)

   147,735         71         10,625         28,824         108,215      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total(5)

    $  33,185,614          $  2,643,821          $  7,190,574          $  15,343,945          $  8,007,274      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1)On January 15, 2009, weJuly 16, 2010, Clear Channel made a permittedthe election under the indenture governing the senior toggle notes to pay PIK Interest. For subsequent interest periods, we must make an election regarding whether the applicable interest payment on the senior toggle notes will be made entirely in cash, entirely through PIK Interest or 50% in cash and 50% in PIK Interest. In the absence of such an election for any interest period, interest on the senior toggle notes will be payable according to the electionentirely in cash, effective for the immediately preceding interest period. As a result,period commencing August 1, 2010. Clear Channel is deemed to have made the PIK Interest election is now the defaultcash interest election for future interest periods unless and until we electClear Channel elects otherwise. Therefore,Assuming the cash interest payments on the senior toggle notes assume that the PIK Interest election remains the default election overin effect for the term of the notes.notes, Clear Channel is contractually obligated to make a payment of $57.4 million on August 1, 2013 which is included in “Interest payments on long-term debt” in the table above.

(2)Interest payments on the senior secured credit facilities, other than the revolving credit facility, assume the obligations are repaid in accordance with the amortization schedule included(after giving effect to the December 2009 prepayment of $2.0 billion of term loans with proceeds from the issuance of subsidiary senior notes and the $500.0 million repayment of revolving credit facility and term loans associated with the priority guarantee notes, both discussed elsewhere in the credit agreementthis MD&A) and the interest rate is held constant over the remaining term based on the weighted average interest rate at December 31, 2008 on the senior secured credit facilities.term.

Interest payments related to the revolving credit facility assume the balance and interest rate as of December 31, 2011 is held constant over the remaining term.

Interest payments on $2.5 billion of the Term Loan B facility are effectively fixed at an interest rate of 4.4%, plus applicable margins, per annum, as a result of an aggregate $2.5 billion interest rate swap agreement maturing in September 2013. Interest expense assumes the rate is fixed through maturity of the remaining swap, at which point the rate reverts back to the floating rate in effect at December 31, 2011.

(3)Interest payments related to the revolving credit facility assume the balance and interest rate as of December 31, 2008 is held constant over the remaining term. On February 6, 2009, we borrowed the approximately $1.6 billion of remaining availability under our $2.0 billion revolving credit facility. Assuming the balance on the facility after the draw on February 6, 2009 and weighted average interest rate are held constant over the remaining term, interest payments would have increased by approximately $60.2 million per year.
Interest payments on $6.0 billionThe non-current portion of the Term Loan B facility are effectively fixedunrecognized tax benefits is included in the “Thereafter” column as we cannot reasonably estimate the timing or amounts of additional cash payments, if any, at interest rates between 2.6% and 4.4%, plus applicable margins, per annum, as a resultthis time. For additional information, see Note 10 included in Item 8 of an aggregatePart II of $6.0 billion notional amount of interest rate swap agreements.this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(3)(4)Other long-term obligations consist of $55.6$51.0 million related to asset retirement obligations recorded pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards No. 143,Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations,ASC 410-20, which assumes the underlying assets will be removed at some period over the next 50 years. Also included are $50.8$31.8 million of contract payments in our syndicated radio and media representation businesses and $53.4$65.0 million of various other long-term obligations.

(4)(5)Excluded from the table is $423.1$347.4 million related to various obligations with no specific contractual commitment or maturity, $267.8$159.1 million of which relates to unrecognized tax benefits recorded pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. Approximately $1.0 millionthe fair value of the benefits are recorded as current liabilities.our interest rate swap agreement.
Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
     After

SEASONALITY

Typically, our CCME, Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments experience their lowest financial performance in the mergerfirst quarter of the calendar year, with International outdoor historically experiencing a significant amountloss from operations in that period. Our International outdoor segment typically experiences its strongest performance in the second and fourth quarters of our long-term debt bears interest at variable rates. Accordingly, our earnings will be affected bythe calendar year. We expect this trend to continue in the future.

MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risk arising from changes in interest rates. At December 31, 2008 we had interest rate swap agreements with a $6.0 billion notional amount that effectively fixes interest atmarket rates between 2.6% and 4.4%, plus applicable margins, per annum. The fair value of these agreements at December 31, 2008 was a liability of $118.8 million. At

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December 31, 2008, approximately 39% of our aggregate principal amount of long-term debt,prices, including taking into consideration debt on which we have entered into pay-fixed rate receive floating rate swap agreements, bears interest at floating rates.
     Assuming the current level of borrowings and interest rate swap contracts and assuming a 200 basis point change in LIBOR, it is estimated that our interest expense for the post-merger period ended December 31, 2008 would have changed by approximately $66.0 million.
     In the event of an adverse changemovements in interest rates, management may take actions to further mitigate its exposure. However, due to the uncertainty of the actions that would be takenequity security prices and their possible effects, this interest rate analysis assumes no such actions. Further, the analysis does not consider the effects of the change in the level of overall economic activity that could exist in such an environment.
foreign currency exchange rates.

Equity Price Risk

The carrying value of our available-for-sale equity securities is affected by changes in their quoted market prices. It is estimated that a 20% change in the market prices of these securities would change their carrying value and our comprehensive loss at December 31, 20082011 by $5.4 million and would change comprehensive incomeapproximately $14.6 million.

Interest Rate Risk

A significant amount of our long-term debt bears interest at variable rates. Accordingly, our earnings will be affected by $3.2changes in interest rates. At December 31, 2011 we had an interest rate swap agreement with a $2.5 billion notional amount that effectively fixes interest rates on a portion of our floating rate debt at a rate of 4.4%, plus applicable margins, per annum. The fair value of this agreement at December 31, 2011 was a liability of $159.1 million. At December 31, 2008,2011, approximately 50% of our aggregate principal amount of long-term debt, including taking into consideration debt on which we also held $6.4 millionhave entered into a pay-fixed-rate-receive-floating-rate swap agreement, bears interest at floating rates.

Assuming the current level of investmentsborrowings and interest rate swap contracts and assuming a 30% change in LIBOR, it is estimated that doour interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2011 would have changed by approximately $9.1 million.

In the event of an adverse change in interest rates, management may take actions to further mitigate its exposure. However, due to the uncertainty of the actions that would be taken and their possible effects, the preceding interest rate sensitivity analysis assumes no such actions. Further, the analysis does not have a quoted market price, but are subject to fluctuationsconsider the effects of the change in their value.

the level of overall economic activity that could exist in such an environment.

Foreign Currency

Exchange Rate Risk

We have operations in countries throughout the world. Foreign operations are measured in their local currencies except in hyper-inflationary countries in which we operate.currencies. As a result, our financial results could be affected by factors such as changes in foreign currency exchange rates or weak economic conditions in the foreign markets in which we have operations. We believe we mitigate a small portion of our exposure to foreign currency fluctuations with a natural hedge through borrowings in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Our foreign operations reported a net lossincome of approximately $135.2$59.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.2011. We estimate a 10% changeincrease in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies would have changedincreased our net incomeloss for the year ended December 31, 20082011 by approximately $13.5 million.

     Our earnings are also affected by fluctuations$5.9 million and that a 10% decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar as comparedrelative to foreign currencies as a result of our equity method investments in various countries. It is estimated that the result of a 10% fluctuation in the value of the dollar relative to these foreign currencies at December 31, 2008 would change our equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates by $10.0 million and would changehave decreased our net incomeloss by approximately $5.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.
a corresponding amount.

This analysis does not consider the implications that such currency fluctuations could have on the overall economic activity that could exist in such an environment in the U.S.United States or the foreign countries or on the results of operations of these foreign entities.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
     Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141(R),Business Combinations(“Statement 141(R)”), was issued in December 2007. Statement 141(R) requires that upon initially obtaining control, an acquirer will recognize 100% of the fair values of acquired assets, including goodwill, and assumed liabilities, with only limited exceptions, even if the acquirer has not acquired 100% of its target. Additionally, contingent consideration arrangements will be fair valued at the acquisition date and included on that basis

Inflation

Inflation is a factor in the purchase price considerationeconomies in which we do business and transactionwe continue to seek ways to mitigate its effect. Inflation has affected our performance in terms of higher costs will be expensed as incurred. Statement 141(R) also modifiesfor wages, salaries and equipment. Although the recognition for preacquisition contingencies, such as environmental or legal issues, restructuring plansexact impact of inflation is indeterminable, we believe we have offset these higher costs by increasing the effective advertising rates of most of our broadcasting stations and acquired research and development value in purchase accounting. Statement 141(R) amends Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109,Accounting for Income Taxes, to require the acquirer to recognize changes in the amount of its deferred tax benefits that are recognizable because of a business combination either in income from continuing operations in the period of the combination or directly in contributed capital, depending on the circumstances. Statement 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Adoption is prospective and early adoption is not permitted. We adopted Statement 141(R) on January 1, 2009. Statement 141(R)’s impact on accounting for business combinations is dependent upon the nature of future acquisitions.

     Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160,Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51(“Statement 160”), was issued in December 2007. Statement 160 clarifies the classification of noncontrolling interests in consolidated statements of financial position and the accounting for and

57

outdoor display faces.


NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

reporting of transactions between the reporting entity and holders of such noncontrolling interests. Under Statement 160 noncontrolling interests are considered equity and should be reported as an element of consolidated equity, net income will encompass the total income of all consolidated subsidiaries and there will be separate disclosure on the face of the income statement of the attribution of that income between the controlling and noncontrolling interests, and increases and decreases in the noncontrolling ownership interest amount will be accounted for as equity transactions. Statement 160 is effective for the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008, and earlier application is prohibited. Statement 160 is required to be adopted prospectively, except for reclassifying noncontrolling interests to equity, separate from the parent’s shareholders’ equity, in the consolidated statement of financial position and recasting consolidated net income (loss) to include net income (loss) attributable to both the controlling and noncontrolling interests, both of which are required to be adopted retrospectively. We adopted Statement 160 on January 1, 2009 which resulted in a reclassification of approximately $463.9 million of noncontrolling interests to shareholders’ equity.
     On March 19, 2008,In April 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued StatementAccounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 161,2011-04,DisclosuresFair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs. The amendments in this ASU change the wording used to describe many of the requirements in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about Derivative Instrumentsfair value measurements. For many of the requirements, the FASB does not intend for the amendments in this ASU to result in a change in the application of the requirements in Topic 820. Some of the amendments clarify the FASB’s intent about the application of existing fair value measurement requirements. Other amendments change a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or for disclosing information about fair value measurements. The amendments in this ASU are to be applied prospectively for interim and Hedging Activities(“Statement 161”). Statement 161 requires additional disclosures about how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for and how derivative instruments and related hedged itemsannual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. We do not expect the provisions of ASU 2011-04 to have a material effect an entity’son our financial position or results of operationsoperations.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05,Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income.This ASU improves the comparability, consistency, and cash flows. It is effectivetransparency of financial reporting and increases the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income by eliminating the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. The amendments require that all nonowner changes in stockholders’ equity be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. The changes apply for interim and annual financial statements issuedand should be applied retrospectively, effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after NovemberDecember 15, 2008,2011. Early adoption is permitted. We currently comply with early application encouraged. We will adopt the disclosure requirements beginning January 1, 2009.

provisions of this ASU by presenting the components of comprehensive income in a single continuous financial statement within our consolidated statement of operations for both interim and annual periods.

In April 2008,September 2011, the FASB issued FASB Staff PositionASU No. FAS 142-3,2011-08Determination, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment.Under the revised guidance, entities testing goodwill for impairment have the option of performing a qualitative assessment before calculating the fair value of the Useful Lifereporting unit (i.e., step 1 of Intangible Assets(“FSP FAS 142-3”)the goodwill impairment test). FSP FAS 142-3 amendsIf entities determine, on the basis of qualitative factors, an entity should considerthat the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not less than the carrying amount, the two-step impairment test would be required. The ASU does not change how goodwill is calculated or assigned to reporting units, nor does it revise the requirement to test goodwill annually for impairment. The amendments are effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted. We early adopted the provisions of this ASU as of October 1, 2011 with no material impact to our financial position or results of operations. Please refer to Note 2 included in developing renewal or extension assumptions used in determiningItem 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a further discussion of our impairment testing.

In December 2011, the useful lifeFASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of recognized intangible assets under FASB Statement No. 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“Statement 142”). FSP FAS 142-3 removes an entity’s requirement under paragraph 11 of Statement 142 to consider whether an intangible asset can be renewed without substantial cost or material modificationsthe Effective Date for Amendments to the existing termsPresentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05. The ASU defers the requirement to present components of reclassifications of other comprehensive income on the face of the income statement in response to requests from some investors for greater clarity about the impact of reclassification adjustments on net income. The guidance in ASU 2011-05 called for reclassification adjustments from other comprehensive income to be measured and conditions. It ispresented by income statement line item in net income and also in other comprehensive income. All other requirements in ASU 2011-05 are not affected by this Update. The amendments are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2008, and early adoption is prohibited.2011. We adopted FSP FAS 142-3 on January 1, 2009. FSP FAS 142-3’s impact is dependent upon future acquisitions.

     In June 2008,do not expect the FASB issued FASB Staff Position Emerging Issues Task Force 03-6-1Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities(“FSP EITF 03-6-1”). FSP EITF 03-6-1 clarifies that unvested share-based payment awards withprovisions of ASU 2011-12 to have a right to receive nonforfeitable dividends are participating securities. Guidance is also provided on how to allocate earnings to participating securities and compute basic earnings per share using the two-class method. This FSP is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008, and early adoption is prohibited. We adopted FSP EITF 03-6-1 on January 1, 2009. We are evaluating the impact FSP EITF 03-6-1 will havematerial effect on our earnings per share.
Critical Accounting Estimates
financial position or results of operations.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting PrinciplesU.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates that are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The result of these evaluations forms the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the reported amount of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such difference could be material. Our significant accounting policies are discussed in the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Management believes that the following accounting estimates are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results, and they require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, resulting from the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. The following narrative describes these critical accounting estimates, the judgments and assumptions and the effect if actual results differ from these assumptions.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We evaluate the collectability of our accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. In circumstances where we are aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, we record a specific reserve to reduce the amounts recorded to what we believe will be collected. For all other customers, we recognize reserves for bad debt based on historical experience of bad debts as a percent of revenue for each business unit, adjusted for relative improvements or deteriorations in the agings and changes in current economic conditions.

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If our allowanceagings were to improve or deteriorate resulting in a10% change 10%, it isin our allowance, we estimated that our 2008 bad debt expense for the year ended December 31, 2011 would have changed by $9.7approximately $6.3 million and our 2008 net incomeloss for the same period would have changed by $6.0approximately $3.9 million.
Long-Lived

Long-lived Assets

Long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and definite-lived intangibles, are reviewed for impairment when events and circumstances indicate that depreciable and amortizable long-lived assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amountamounts of those assets. When specific assets are determined to be unrecoverable, the cost basis of the asset is reduced to reflect the current fair market value.

We use various assumptions in determining the current fair market value of these assets, including future expected cash flows, industry growth rates and discount rates, as well as future salvage values. Our impairment loss calculations require management to apply judgment in estimating future cash flows, including forecasting useful lives of the assets and selecting the discount rate that reflects the risk inherent in future cash flows.

     Using the impairment review described, we recorded an impairment charge of approximately $33.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.

If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values, we may be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations.

Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets

Indefinite-lived intangible assets, such as our FCC licenses and our billboard permits, are reviewed annually for possible impairment using the direct valuation method as prescribed in SEC Staff Announcement No. D-108,UseASC 805-20-S99. Under the direct valuation method, the estimated fair value of the Residual Method to Value Acquired Assets Other Than Goodwillindefinite-lived intangible assets was calculated at the market level as prescribed

by ASC 350-30-35.. Under the direct valuation method, it is assumed that rather than acquiring indefinite-lived intangible assets as a part of a going concern business, the buyer hypothetically obtains indefinite-lived intangible assets and builds a new operation with similar attributes from scratch. Thus, the buyer incurs start-up costs during the build-up phase which are normally associated with going concern value. Initial capital costs are deducted from the discounted cash flows model which results in value that is directly attributable to the indefinite-lived intangible assets.

Our key assumptions using the direct valuation method are market revenue growth rates, market share, profit margin, duration and profile of the build-up period, estimated start-up capital costs and losses incurred during the build-up period, the risk-adjusted discount rate and terminal values. This data is populated using industry normalized information representing an average asset within a market.

     In

On October 1, 2011, we performed our annual impairment test in accordance with StatementASC 350-30-35 and recognized aggregate impairment charges of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142,Goodwill$6.5 million related to permits in one of our markets.

In determining the fair value of our FCC licenses, the following key assumptions were used:

§Market revenue growth, forecast and published by BIA Financial Network, Inc. (“BIA”), of 4.5% was used for the initial four-year period;
§2% revenue growth was assumed beyond the initial four-year period;
§Revenue was grown proportionally over a build-up period, reaching market revenue forecast by year 3;
§Operating margins of 12.5% in the first year gradually climb to the industry average margin in year 3 of up to 30%, depending on market size by year 3; and
§Assumed discount rates of 9% for the 13 largest markets and 9.5% for all other markets.

In determining the fair value of our billboard permits, the following key assumptions were used:

§Industry revenue growth forecast at 7.8% was used for the initial four-year period;
§3% revenue growth was assumed beyond the initial four-year period;
§Revenue was grown over a build-up period, reaching maturity by year 2;
§Operating margins gradually climb to the industry average margin of up to 52%, depending on market size, by year 3; and
§Assumed discount rate of 10%.

While we believe we have made reasonable estimates and Other Intangible Assets, or Statement 142,utilized appropriate assumptions to calculate the fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets, it is possible a material change could occur. If future results are not consistent with our assumptions and estimates, we performed an interimmay be exposed to impairment test ascharges in the future. The following table shows the change in the fair value of December 31, 2008. our indefinite-lived intangible assets that would result from a 100 basis point decline in our discrete and terminal period revenue growth rate and profit margin assumptions and a 100 basis point increase in our discount rate assumption:

(In thousands)

      

Description

  Revenue growth rate   Profit margin   Discount rates 

FCC licenses

    $(403,470)          $    (164,040)          $    (511,440)      

Billboard permits

    $(596,200)          $    (129,200)          $    (603,700)      

The estimated fair value of our FCC licenses and permits was below their carrying values. As a result, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $1.7 billion in 2008 on our indefinite-lived FCC licenses and permits as a result of the impairment test. The United States and global economies are undergoing a period of economic uncertainty, which has caused, among other things, a general tightening in the credit markets, limited access to the credit markets, lower levels of liquidity and lower consumer and business spending. These disruptions in the credit and financial markets and the continuing impact of adverse economic, financial and industry conditions on the demand for advertising negatively impacted the key assumptions in the discounted cash flow models used to value our FCC licenses and permits.

     While we believe we had made reasonable estimates and utilized reasonable assumptions to calculate the fair value of our FCC license and permits, it is possible a material change could occur. If our future results are not consistent with our estimates, we could be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations. The following table shows the impact on the fair value of our FCC licenses and billboard permits of a 100 basis point decline in our long-term revenue growth rate, profit margin,at October 1, 2011 was $3.4 billion and discount rate assumptions, respectively:
(In thousands)
             
Indefinite-lived intangible Revenue growth rate Profit margin Discount rates
FCC licenses $(285,900) $(121,670) $524,900 
Billboard permits $(508,300) $(84,000) $770,200 
$2.1 billion, respectively, while the carrying value was $2.4 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations. We reviewtest goodwill for potential impairment annually using a discounted cash flow model to

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determine the fair value of our reporting units.at interim dates if events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. The fair value of our reporting units is used to apply value to the net assets of each reporting unit. To the extent that the carrying amount of net assets would exceed the fair value, an impairment charge may be required to be recorded.

The discounted cash flow approach we use for valuing goodwill as part of the two-step impairment testing approach involves estimating future cash flows expected to be generated from the related assets, discounted to their present value using a risk-adjusted discount rate. Terminal values wereare also estimated and discounted to their present value. In

On October 1, 2011, we performed our annual impairment test in accordance with Statement 142, we performedASC 350-20-35 and recognized an interim impairment test ascharge of December 31, 2008 on goodwill.

     The estimated$1.1 million related to one country in our International outdoor segment. We utilized the option to assess qualitative factors to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting units was belowless than their carrying values, which required us to compareamounts, including goodwill. As part of our qualitative assessment, we considered the impliedfollowing factors:

§macroeconomic characteristics of the environment in which the reporting unit operates;
§any significant changes in the business’ products, operating model or laws or regulations;
§any significant changes in the business’ cost structure and/or margin trends;
§comparisons of current and prior year operating performance and forecast trends for future operating performance;
§changes in management, business strategy or customer base during the current year;
§sustained decreases in share price relative to our peers; and
§the excess of fair value over carrying value and the significance of recorded goodwill as of October 1, 2010.

Generally, the qualitative factors for our reporting units indicated stable or improving margins despite economic conditions, new contracts, no adverse business or management changes, favorable or stable forecasted economic conditions and the existence of excess fair value over carrying value for the majority of our reporting units. Based on our annual assessment using the qualitative factors described above, we determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair value of eachour CCME reporting units’ goodwill withunit was less than its carrying value.amount. As a result, we recognized a non-cashfurther testing of goodwill for impairment chargewas not required for this reporting unit. Our assessment for the reporting units within our Americas outdoor segment required further testing of $3.6 billion to reducegoodwill for impairment in one country while our goodwill. The macroeconomic factors discussed above had an adverse effect onassessment for the reporting units within our estimated cash flows and discount rates usedInternational outdoor segment required further testing for three countries. Further testing indicated that goodwill was impaired by $1.1 million in the discounted cash flow model.

     While weone country within our International outdoor segment in 2011.

We believe we hadhave made reasonable estimates and utilized reasonableappropriate assumptions to calculateevaluate whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting units it is possible a material change could occur.was less than their carrying values. If future results are not consistent with our assumptions and estimates, we may be exposed to impairment charges in the future. The following table shows the impact on the fair value of each of our reportable segments of a 100 basis point decline in our long-term revenue growth rate, profit margin, and discount rate assumptions, respectively:

             
(In thousands)      
 
Reportable segment Revenue growth rate Profit margin Discount rates
Radio Broadcasting $(960,000) $(240,000) $1,090,000 
Americas Outdoor $(380,000) $(90,000) $420,000 
International Outdoor $(190,000) $(160,000) $90,000 

Tax Accruals

     The IRS and other taxing authorities routinely examine our tax returns. From time to time, the IRS challenges certain of our tax positions. We believe our tax positions comply with applicable tax law and we would vigorously defend these positions if challenged. The final disposition of any positions challenged by the IRS could require us to make additional tax payments. We believe that we have adequately accrued for any foreseeable payments resulting from tax examinations and consequently do not anticipate any material impact upon their ultimate resolution.

Our estimates of income taxes and the significant items giving rise to the deferred tax assets and liabilities are shown in the notes to our consolidated financial statements and reflect our assessment of actual future taxes to be paid on items reflected in the financial statements, giving consideration to both timing and probability of these estimates. Actual income taxes could vary from these estimates due to future changes in income tax law or results from the final review of our tax returns by federal,Federal, state or foreign tax authorities.

We use our judgment to determine whether it is more likely than not that we will sustain positions that we have considered these potentialtaken on tax returns and, if so, the amount of benefit to initially recognize within our financial statements. We regularly review our uncertain tax positions and adjust our unrecognized tax benefits (UTBs) in light of changes in accordancefacts and circumstances, such as changes in tax law, interactions with Statementtaxing authorities and developments in case law. These adjustments to our UTBs may affect our income tax expense. Settlement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109,Accounting for Income Taxesand Financial Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, which requires us to record reserves for estimatesuncertain tax positions may require use of probable settlements of federal and state tax audits.

our cash.

Litigation Accruals

We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings and, as required,proceedings. Based on current assumptions, we have accrued ouran estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of those claims for which the occurrence of loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Future results of operations could be materially affected by changes in these claims.

assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies related to these proceedings.

Management’s estimates used have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies.

     It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies related to these proceedings.

Insurance Accruals

We are currently self-insured beyond certain retention amounts for various insurance coverages, including general liability and property and casualty. Accruals are recorded based on estimates of actual claims filed, historical payouts, existing insurance coverage and projections ofprojected future development of costs related to existing claims.

Our self-insured liabilities contain uncertainties because management must make assumptions and apply judgment to estimate the ultimate cost to settle reported claims and claims incurred but not reported as of December 31, 2008.

602011.


If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material. A 10% change in our self-insurance liabilities at December 31, 2008,2011 would have affected our net incomeloss by approximately $3.2$2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Shared-based Payments
2011.

Asset Retirement Obligations

ASC 410-20 requires us to estimate our obligation upon the termination or nonrenewal of a lease, to dismantle and remove our billboard structures from the leased land and to reclaim the site to its original condition.

Due to the high rate of lease renewals over a long period of time, our calculation assumes all related assets will be removed at some period over the next 50 years. An estimate of third-party cost information is used with respect to the dismantling of the structures and the reclamation of the site. The interest rate used to calculate the present value of such costs over the retirement period is based on an estimated risk-adjusted credit rate for the same period. If our assumption of the risk-adjusted credit rate used to discount current year additions to the asset retirement obligation decreased approximately 1%, our liability as of December 31, 2011 would not be materially impacted. Similarly, if our assumption of the risk-adjusted credit rate increased approximately 1%, our liability would not be materially impacted.

Share-Based Compensation

Under the fair value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R),Share-Based Payment, stock basedASC 718-10, share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. For awards that vest based on service conditions, this cost is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. For awards that will vest based on market, performance and service conditions, this cost will be recognized when it becomes probable that the performance conditions will be satisfied. Determining the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date requires assumptions and judgments about expected volatility and forfeiture rates, among other factors. If actual results differ significantly from these estimates, our results of operations could be materially impacted.

Inflation
     Inflation has affected our performance in terms of higher costs for wages, salaries and equipment. Although the exact impact of inflation is indeterminable, we believe we have offset these higher costs by increasing the effective advertising rates of most of our broadcasting stations and outdoor display faces.
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
                     
Period from Period from      
July 31 through January 1 through      
December 31, July 30, Years Ended December 31,
Post-merger Pre-merger Pre-merger Pre-merger Pre-merger Pre-merger
2008 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004
N/A  2.06   2.38   2.27   2.24   2.76 
     The ratio of earnings to fixed charges was computed on a total enterprise basis. Earnings represent income from continuing operations before income taxes less equity in undistributed net income (loss) of unconsolidated affiliates plus fixed charges. Fixed charges represent interest, amortization of debt discount and expense, and the estimated interest portion of rental charges. We had no preferred stock outstanding for any period presented. Earnings, as adjusted, were not sufficient to cover fixed charges by approximately $5.7 billion for the post merger period from July 31 through December 31, 2008.
ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

ITEM 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Required information is located within Item 7.

617 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.


ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary DataFINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The consolidated financial statements and notes related thereto were prepared by and are the responsibility of management. The financial statements and related notes were prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and include amounts based upon management’s best estimates and judgments.

It is management’s objective to ensure the integrity and objectivity of its financial data through systems of internal controls designed to provide reasonable assurance that all transactions are properly recorded in our books and records, that assets are safeguarded from unauthorized use and that financial records are reliable to serve as a basis for preparation of financial statements.

The financial statements have been audited by our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, to the extent required by auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and, accordingly, they have expressed their professional opinion on the financial statements in their report included herein.

The Board of Directors meets with the independent registered public accounting firm and management periodically to satisfy itself that they are properly discharging their responsibilities. The independent registered public accounting firm has unrestricted access to the Board, without management present, to discuss the results of their audit and the quality of financial reporting and internal accounting controls.

/s/ Mark P. Mays  Robert W. Pittman        
Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Randall T. Mays  Thomas W. Casey         
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

/s/ Herbert W. Hill, Jr.  Scott D. Hamilton         
Senior Vice President/President and Chief Accounting Officer

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders

CC Media Holdings, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheetsheets of CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Holdings)(the Company) as of December 31, 2008, the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Clear Channel) as of December 31, 2007,2011 and 2010, the related consolidated statements of operations,comprehensive loss, changes in shareholders’ equity(deficit),deficit, and cash flows of Holdingsthe Company for the period from July 31, 2008 through December 31, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows of Clear Channel for the period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008, and each of the twothree years in the period ended December 31, 2007.2011. Our audits also includedinclude the financial statement schedule listed in the index as Item 15(a)2. These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of Holdings’the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Holdingsthe Company at December 31, 2008, the consolidated financial position of Clear Channel at December 31, 2007,2011 and 2010, the consolidated results of Holdings’its operations and its cash flows for the period from July 31, 2008 through December 31, 2008, and the consolidated results of Clear Channel’s operations and cash flows for the period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008, and each of the twothree years in the period ended December 31, 2007,2011, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basicconsolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

As discussed in Note L to the consolidated financial statements, in 2007 Clear Channel changed its method of accounting for income taxes, and as discussed in Note A to the consolidated financial statements, in 2006 Clear Channel changed its method of accounting for share-based compensation.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Holdings’the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008,2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 2, 2009February 21, 2012 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP  

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

San Antonio, Texas
March 2, 2009

63


February 21, 2012

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
         
  Post-merger  Pre-merger 
  December 31,  December 31, 
(In thousands) 2008  2007 
CURRENT ASSETS        
Cash and cash equivalents $239,846  $145,148 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $97,364 in 2008 and $59,169 in 2007  1,431,304   1,693,218 
Prepaid expenses  133,217   116,902 
Other current assets  262,188   243,248 
Current assets from discontinued operations     96,067 
       
Total Current Assets
  2,066,555   2,294,583 
         
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT        
Land, buildings and improvements  614,811   840,832 
Structures  2,355,776   3,901,941 
Towers, transmitters and studio equipment  353,108   600,315 
Furniture and other equipment  242,287   527,714 
Construction in progress  128,739   119,260 
       
   3,694,721   5,990,062 
Less accumulated depreciation  146,562   2,939,698 
       
   3,548,159   3,050,364 
Property, plant and equipment from discontinued operations, net  ¯   164,724 
         
INTANGIBLE ASSETS        
Definite-lived intangibles, net  2,881,720   485,870 
Indefinite-lived intangibles — licenses  3,019,803   4,201,617 
Indefinite-lived intangibles — permits  1,529,068   251,988 
Goodwill  7,090,621   7,210,116 
Intangible assets from discontinued operations, net  ¯   219,722 
         
OTHER ASSETS        
Notes receivable  11,633   12,388 
Investments in, and advances to, nonconsolidated affiliates  384,137   346,387 
Other assets  560,260   303,791 
Other investments  33,507   237,598 
Other assets from discontinued operations  ¯   26,380 
       
Total Assets
 $21,125,463  $18,805,528 
       

(In thousands)

   As of December 31, 
   2011   2010 

CURRENT ASSETS

    

Cash and cash equivalents

      $  1,228,682            $  1,920,926      

Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $63,098 in 2011 and $74,660 in 2010

   1,404,674         1,373,880      

Prepaid expenses

   161,317         124,114      

Other current assets

   190,612         184,253      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Current Assets

   2,985,285         3,603,173      

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

    

Structures, net

   1,950,437         2,007,399      

Other property, plant and equipment, net

   1,112,890         1,138,155      

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

    

Definite-lived intangibles, net

   2,017,760         2,288,149      

Indefinite-lived intangibles – licenses

   2,411,367         2,423,828      

Indefinite-lived intangibles – permits

   1,105,704         1,114,413      

Goodwill

   4,186,718         4,119,326      

OTHER ASSETS

    

Other assets

   771,878         765,939      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Assets

      $  16,542,039            $  17,460,382      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES

    

Accounts payable

      $  134,576            $  127,263      

Accrued expenses

   722,151         829,604      

Accrued interest

   160,361         121,199      

Current portion of long-term debt

   268,638         867,735      

Deferred income

   143,236         152,778      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Current Liabilities

   1,428,962         2,098,579      

Long-term debt

   19,938,531         19,739,617      

Deferred income taxes

   1,938,599         2,050,196      

Other long-term liabilities

   707,888         776,676      

Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 7)

    

SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

    

Noncontrolling interest

   521,794         490,920      

Class A Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, authorized 400,000,000 shares,
issued 24,106,139 and 24,118,358 shares in 2011 and 2010, respectively

   24         24      

Class B Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, authorized 150,000,000 shares,
issued 555,556 shares in 2011 and 2010

   1         1      

Class C Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, authorized 100,000,000 shares,
issued 58,967,502 shares in 2011 and 2010

   58         58      

Additional paid-in capital

   2,132,368         2,130,871      

Retained deficit

   (9,857,267)        (9,555,173)     

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

   (266,043)        (268,816)     

Cost of shares (530,944 in 2011 and 487,126 in 2010) held in treasury

   (2,876)        (2,571)     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Shareholders’ Deficit

   (7,471,941)        (7,204,686)     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Deficit

      $  16,542,039            $  17,460,382      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

64


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands, except per share data)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

Revenue

    $    6,161,352          $    5,865,685          $    5,551,909      

Operating expenses:

      

Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   2,504,036         2,381,647         2,529,454      

Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   1,617,258         1,570,212         1,520,402      

Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)

   227,096         284,042         253,964      

Depreciation and amortization

   763,306         732,869         765,474      

Impairment charges

   7,614         15,364         4,118,924      

Other operating income (expense) - net

   12,682         (16,710)        (50,837)     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

   1,054,724         864,841         (3,687,146)     

Interest expense

   1,466,246         1,533,341         1,500,866      

Loss on marketable securities

   (4,827)        (6,490)        (13,371)     

Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates

   26,958         5,702         (20,689)     

Other income (expense) – net

   (4,616)        46,455         679,716      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before income taxes

   (394,007)        (622,833)        (4,542,356)     

Income tax benefit

   125,978         159,980         493,320      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated net loss

   (268,029)        (462,853)        (4,049,036)     

Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest

   34,065         16,236         (14,950)     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to the Company

    $(302,094)         $(479,089)         $(4,034,086)     

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

      

Foreign currency translation adjustments

   (29,647)        26,301         151,422      

Unrealized gain (loss) on securities and derivatives:

      

Unrealized holding gain (loss) on marketable securities

   (224)        17,187         1,678      

Unrealized holding gain (loss) on cash flow derivatives

   33,775         15,112         (74,100)     

Reclassification adjustment for realized loss on securities included in net income and other

   3,787         14,750         10,008      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income

   7,691         73,350         89,008      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive loss

   (294,403)        (405,739)        (3,945,078)     

Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest

   4,324         8,857         20,788      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company

   (298,727)         $(414,596)         $(3,965,866)     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to the Company per common share:

      

Basic

    $(3.70)         $(5.94)         $(49.71)     

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 �� 82,487         81,653         81,296      

Diluted

    $(3.70)         $(5.94)         $(49.71)     

Weighted average common shares outstanding

   82,487         81,653         81,296      

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
         
  Post-merger  Pre-merger 
  December 31,  December 31, 
(In thousands, except share data) 2008  2007 
CURRENT LIABILITIES        
Accounts payable $155,240  $165,533 
Accrued expenses  793,366   912,665 
Accrued interest  181,264   98,601 
Accrued income taxes     79,973 
Current portion of long-term debt  562,923   1,360,199 
Deferred income  153,153   158,893 
Current liabilities from discontinued operations     37,413 
       
Total Current Liabilities
  1,845,946   2,813,277 
         
Long-term debt  18,940,697   5,214,988 
Other long-term obligations     127,384 
Deferred income taxes  2,679,312   793,850 
Other long-term liabilities  575,739   567,848 
Long-term liabilities from discontinued operations     54,330 
         
Minority interest  463,916   436,360 
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note J)        
         
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)        
Class A Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, authorized 400,000,000 shares, issued 23,605,923 shares in 2008  23    
Class B Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, authorized 150,000,000 shares, issued 555,556 shares in 2008  1    
Class C Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, authorized 100,000,000 shares, issued 58,967,502 shares in 2008  58    
Common Stock, par value $.10 per share, authorized 1,500,000,000 shares, issued 498,075,417 shares in 2007     49,808 
Additional paid-in capital  2,100,995   26,858,079 
Retained deficit  (5,041,998)  (18,489,143)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)  (439,225)  383,698 
Cost of shares (81 in 2008 and 157,744 in 2007) held in treasury  (1)  (4,951)
       
Total Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit)
  (3,380,147)  8,797,491 
       
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit)
 $21,125,463  $18,805,528 
       
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

65


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
                  
  Period from        
  July 31        
  through   Period from January 1    
  December 31,   through July 30,  Year Ended December 31, 
  2008   2008  2007  2006 
(In thousands, except per share data) Post-merger   Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger 
Revenue $2,736,941   $3,951,742  $6,921,202  $6,567,790 
Operating expenses:                 
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  1,198,345    1,706,099   2,733,004   2,532,444 
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  806,787    1,022,459   1,761,939   1,708,957 
Depreciation and amortization  348,041    348,789   566,627   600,294 
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  102,276    125,669   181,504   196,319 
Merger expenses  68,085    87,684   6,762   7,633 
Impairment charge  5,268,858           
Other operating income — net  13,205    14,827   14,113   71,571 
              
Operating income (loss)  (5,042,246)   675,869   1,685,479   1,593,714 
Interest expense  715,768    213,210   451,870   484,063 
Gain (loss) on marketable securities  (116,552)   34,262   6,742   2,306 
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  5,804    94,215   35,176   37,845 
Other income (expense) — net  131,505    (5,112)  5,326   (8,593)
              
Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations  (5,737,257)   586,024   1,280,853   1,141,209 
Income tax benefit (expense) expense:                 
Current  76,729    (27,280)  (252,910)  (278,663)
Deferred  619,894    (145,303)  (188,238)  (191,780)
              
Income tax benefit (expense)  696,623    (172,583)  (441,148)  (470,443)
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax  481    (17,152)  (47,031)  (31,927)
              
Income (loss) before discontinued operations  (5,040,153)   396,289   792,674   638,839 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  (1,845)   640,236   145,833   52,678 
              
Net income (loss) $(5,041,998)  $1,036,525  $938,507  $691,517 
              
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:                 
Foreign currency translation adjustments  (364,164)   28,866   88,823   92,810 
Unrealized holding gain (loss) on marketable securities  (95,669)   (52,460)  (8,412)  (60,516)
Unrealized holding gain (loss) on cash flow derivatives  (75,079)      (1,688)  76,132 
Reclassification adjustments for realized (gain) loss on securities and derivatives included in net income  95,687    (25,997)      
              
Comprehensive income (loss) $(5,481,223)  $986,934  $1,017,230  $799,943 
              
Net income (loss) per common share:                 
Income (loss) before discontinued operations— Basic $(62.04)  $.80  $1.60  $1.27 
Discontinued operations — Basic  (.02)   1.29   .30   .11 
              
Net income (loss) — Basic $(62.06)  $2.09  $1.90  $1.38 
                  
              
Weighted average common shares — basic  81,242    495,044   494,347   500,786 
                  
Income (loss) before discontinued operations — Diluted $(62.04)  $.80  $1.60  $1.27 
Discontinued operations — Diluted  (.02)   1.29   .29   .11 
              
Net income (loss) — Diluted $(62.06)  $2.09  $1.89  $1.38 
                  
              
Weighted average common shares — diluted  81,242    496,519   495,784   501,639 
                  
Dividends declared per share $   $  $.75  $.75 
CHANGES IN

SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

              Controlling Interest    
(In thousands, except
share data)
  

Class C
Shares

   

Class B
Shares

   

Common
Shares

Issued

  

Non-

controlling

Interest

  

Common

Stock

   

Additional

Paid-in

Capital

  

Retained

Deficit

  

Accumulated

Other

Comprehensive

Income (Loss)

  

Treasury

Stock

  

Total

 

Balances at

December 31, 2008

   58,967,502     555,556     23,605,923   $ 426,220   $ 82    $ 2,100,995   $(5,041,998 $(401,529 $(1 $(2,916,231

Net loss

        (14,950     (4,034,086    (4,049,036

Issuance (forfeiture) of

restricted stock

       (177,116     4      (184  (180

Amortization of share-based compensation

        12,104      27,682       39,786  

Other

        11,486      (19,571     (8,085

Other comprehensive income

        20,788        68,220     89,008  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balances at

December 31, 2009

   58,967,502     555,556     23,428,807   $455,648   $82    $2,109,110   $(9,076,084 $(333,309 $(185 $(6,844,738

Net income (loss)

        16,236       (479,089    (462,853

Shares issued through stock purchase agreement

       706,215     1     4,999       5,000  

Issuance (forfeiture) of restricted stock

       (16,664  792      478      (2,386  (1,116

Amortization of share-based compensation

        12,046      22,200       34,246  

Other

        (2,659    (5,916     (8,575

Other comprehensive income

        8,857        64,493     73,350  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balances at

December 31, 2010

   58,967,502     555,556     24,118,358   $490,920   $83    $2,130,871   $(9,555,173 $(268,816 $(2,571 $(7,204,686

Net income (loss)

        34,065       (302,094    (268,029

Issuance (forfeiture) of restricted stock

       (12,219  735         (305  430  

Amortization of share-based compensation

        10,705      9,962       20,667  

Purchases of additional noncontrolling interest

        (14,428    (5,492   (594   (20,514

Other

        (4,527    (2,973     (7,500

Other comprehensive income

        4,324        3,367     7,691  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balances at

December 31, 2011

   58,967,502     555,556     24,106,139   $521,794   $83    $2,132,368   $(9,857,267 $(266,043 $(2,876 $(7,471,941
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

66


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                                      
                           Accumulated       
                   Additional      Other       
          Common Shares   Common  Paid-in  Retained  Comprehensive  Treasury    
(In thousands, except share data)         Issued   Stock  Capital  (Deficit)  Income (Loss)  Stock  Total 
Pre-merger Balances at December 31, 2005
          538,287,763   $53,829  $27,945,725  $(19,371,411) $201,928  $(3,609) $8,826,462 
Net income                       691,517           691,517 
Dividends declared                       (374,471)          (374,471)
Subsidiary common stock issued for a business acquisition                   67,873               67,873 
Purchase of common shares                               (1,371,462)  (1,371,462)
Treasury shares retired and cancelled          (46,729,900)   (4,673)  (1,367,032)          1,371,705    
Exercise of stock options and other          2,424,988    243   60,139           11   60,393 
Amortization and adjustment of deferred compensation                   38,982               38,982 
Currency translation adjustment                           87,431       87,431 
Unrealized gains on cash flow derivatives                           76,132       76,132 
Unrealized (losses) on investments                           (60,516)      (60,516)
                             
Pre-merger Balances at December 31, 2006
          493,982,851    49,399   26,745,687   (19,054,365)  304,975   (3,355)  8,042,341 
Cumulative effect of FIN 48 adoption                       (152)          (152)
Net income                       938,507           938,507 
Dividends declared                       (373,133)          (373,133)
Exercise of stock options and other          4,092,566    409   74,827           (1,596)  73,640 
Amortization and adjustment of deferred compensation                   37,565               37,565 
Currency translation adjustment                           88,823       88,823 
Unrealized (losses) on cash flow derivatives                           (1,688)      (1,688)
Unrealized (losses) on investments                           (8,412)      (8,412)
                             
Pre-merger Balances at December 31, 2007
          498,075,417    49,808   26,858,079   (18,489,143)  383,698   (4,951)  8,797,491 
Net income                       1,036,525           1,036,525 
Exercise of stock options and other          82,645    30   4,963           (2,024)  2,969 
Amortization and adjustment of deferred compensation                   57,855               57,855 
Currency translation adjustment                           28,866       28,866 
Unrealized (losses) on investments                           (52,460)      (52,460)
Realized (losses) on investments                           (25,997)      (25,997)
                             
Pre-merger Balances at July 30, 2008
          498,158,062    49,838   26,920,897   (17,452,618)  334,107   (6,975)  9,845,249 
                               
Elimination of pre-merger equity          (498,158,062)   (49,838)  (26,920,897)  17,452,618   (334,107)  6,975   (9,845,249)
  Class C Class B Class A                         
  Shares Shares Shares                         
Post-merger Balances at July 31, 2008
  58,967,502   555,556   21,718,569    81   2,089,266            2,089,347 
Net (loss)                       (5,041,998)          (5,041,998)
Issuance of restricted stock awards and other          1,887,354    1               (1)   
Amortization and adjustment of deferred compensation                   11,729               11,729 
Currency translation adjustment                           (364,164)      (364,164)
Unrealized (losses) on cash flow                           (75,079)      (75,079)
derivatives Unrealized (losses) on investments                           (95,669)      (95,669)
Reclassification adjustment for                           95,687       95,687 
realized loss included in net income                                     
                             
Post-merger Balances at December 31, 2008
  58,967,502   555,556   23,605,923   $82  $2,100,995  $(5,041,998) $(439,225) $(1) $(3,380,147)
                             
CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

      

Consolidated net loss

    $    (268,029)         $    (462,853)         $    (4,049,036)     

Reconciling Items:

      

Impairment charges

   7,614         15,364         4,118,924      

Depreciation and amortization

   763,306         732,869         765,474      

Deferred taxes

   (143,944)        (211,180)        (417,191)     

Provision for doubtful accounts

   13,723         23,118         52,498      

Amortization of deferred financing charges and note discounts, net

   188,034         214,950         229,464      

Share-based compensation

   20,667         34,246         39,786      

(Gain) loss on disposal of operating and fixed assets

   (12,682)        16,710         50,837      

Loss on marketable securities

   4,827         6,490         13,371      

Equity in (earnings) loss of nonconsolidated affiliates

   (26,958)        (5,702)        20,689      

(Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt

   1,447         (60,289)        (713,034)     

Other reconciling items, net

   16,120         26,090         46,166      

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of
acquisitions and dispositions:

      

Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable

   (7,835)        (119,860)        99,225      

Decrease in Federal income taxes receivable

   —         132,309         75,939      

Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses

   (127,242)        117,432         (51,970)     

Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and other liabilities

   (15,131)        (6,924)        24,036      

Increase (decrease) in accrued interest

   39,170         87,053         33,047      

Increase (decrease) in deferred income

   (10,776)        796         2,168      

Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of
acquisitions and dispositions

   (68,353)        41,754         (159,218)     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

   373,958         582,373         181,175      

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

      

Proceeds from sale of other investments

   6,894         1,200         41,627      

Purchases of businesses

   (46,356)        —         —      

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

   (362,281)        (241,464)        (223,792)     

Proceeds from disposal of assets

   54,270         28,637         48,818      

Purchases of other operating assets

   (20,995)        (16,110)        (8,300)     

Change in other - net

   382         (12,460)        (102)     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used for investing activities

   (368,086)        (240,197)        (141,749)     

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

      

Draws on credit facilities

   55,000         198,670         1,708,625      

Payments on credit facilities

   (960,332)        (152,595)        (202,241)     

Proceeds from long-term debt

   1,731,266         145,639         500,000      

Proceeds from issuance of subsidiary senior notes

   —         —         2,500,000      

Payments on long-term debt

   (1,398,299)        (369,372)        (2,472,419)     

Repurchases of long-term debt

   (55,250)        (125,000)        (343,466)     

Deferred financing charges

   (46,659)        —         (60,330)     

Change in other - net

   (23,842)        (2,586)        (25,447)     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities

   (698,116)        (305,244)        1,604,722      

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   (692,244)        36,932         1,644,148      

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

   1,920,926         1,883,994         239,846      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

    $1,228,682          $1,920,926          $1,883,994      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES:

      

Cash paid during the year for:

      

Interest

    $1,260,767          $1,235,755          $1,240,322      

Income taxes

   81,162         —         —      

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

67


CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
                  
  Period from        
  July 31   Period from    
  through   January 1    
  December 31,   through July 30,  Year Ended December 31, 
  2008   2008  2007  2006 
(In thousands) Post-merger   Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger 
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN) OPERATING ACTIVITIES:                 
Net income (loss) $(5,041,998)  $1,036,525  $938,507  $691,517 
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  (1,845)   640,236   145,833   52,678 
              
Net income (loss) from continuing operations  (5,040,153)   396,289   792,674   638,839 
                  
Reconciling Items:                 
Depreciation  197,702    290,454   461,598   449,624 
Amortization of intangibles  150,339    58,335   105,029   150,670 
Impairment charge  5,268,858           
Deferred taxes  (619,894)   145,303   188,238   191,780 
Provision for doubtful accounts  54,603    23,216   38,615   34,627 
Amortization of deferred financing charges, bond premiums and accretion of note discounts, net  102,859    3,530   7,739   3,462 
Share-based compensation  15,911    62,723   44,051   42,030 
(Gain) on sale of operating and fixed assets  (13,205)   (14,827)  (14,113)  (71,571)
Loss on forward exchange contract      2,496   3,953   18,161 
(Gain) loss on securities  116,552    (36,758)  (10,696)  (20,467)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  (5,804)   (94,215)  (35,176)  (37,845)
Minority interest, net of tax  (481)   17,152   47,031   31,927 
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt  (116,677)   13,484       
Increase (decrease) other, net  12,089    9,133   (91)  9,027 
                  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions:                 
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable  158,142    24,529   (111,152)  (190,191)
Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses  6,538    (21,459)  5,098   (23,797)
Decrease (increase) in other current assets  156,869    (29,329)  694   (2,238)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities  (130,172)   190,834   27,027   86,887 
Federal income tax refund            390,438 
Increase (decrease) in accrued interest  98,909    (16,572)  (13,429)  14,567 
Increase (decrease) in deferred income  (54,938)   51,200   26,013   6,486 
Increase (decrease) in accrued income taxes  (112,021)   (40,260)  13,325   25,641 
              
                  
Net cash provided by operating activities  246,026    1,035,258   1,576,428   1,748,057 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

68


                  
  Period from        
  July 31   Period from    
  through   January 1    
  December 31,   through July 30,  Years Ended December 31, 
  2008   2008  2007  2006 
  Post-merger   Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger 
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES:                 
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable, net  741    336   (6,069)  1,163 
Decrease in investments in, and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates — net  3,909    25,098   20,868   20,445 
Cross currency settlement of interest      (198,615)  (1,214)  1,607 
Purchase of other investments  (26)   (98)  (726)  (520)
Proceeds from sale of other investments      173,467   2,409    
Purchases of property, plant and equipment  (190,253)   (240,202)  (363,309)  (336,739)
Proceeds from disposal of assets  16,955    72,806   26,177   99,682 
Acquisition of operating assets  (23,228)   (153,836)  (122,110)  (341,206)
(Increase) in other — net  (47,342)   (95,207)  (38,703)  (51,443)
Cash used to purchase equity  (17,472,459)          
              
Net cash used in investing activities  (17,711,703)   (416,251)  (482,677)  (607,011)
                  
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES:                 
Draws on credit facilities  180,000    692,614   886,910   3,383,667 
Payments on credit facilities  (128,551)   (872,901)  (1,705,014)  (2,700,004)
Proceeds from long-term debt  557,520    5,476   22,483   783,997 
Payments on long-term debt  (579,089)   (1,282,348)  (343,041)  (866,352)
Debt used to finance the merger  15,382,076           
Equity contribution used to finance the merger  2,142,830           
Payment to terminate forward exchange contract      (110,410)     (83,132)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options, stock purchase plan and common stock warrants      17,776   80,017   57,452 
Dividends paid      (93,367)  (372,369)  (382,776)
Payments for purchase of common shares  (47)   (3,781)     (1,371,462)
              
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities  17,554,739    (1,646,941)  (1,431,014)  (1,178,610)
                  
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN) DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:                 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  2,429    (67,751)  33,832   99,265 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities      1,098,892   332,579   (30,038)
Net cash provided by financing activities             
              
Net cash provided by discontinued operations  2,429    1,031,141   366,411   69,227 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents  91,491    3,207   29,148   31,663 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period  148,355    145,148   116,000   84,337 
              
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $239,846   $148,355  $145,148  $116,000 
              
                  
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE:                 
Cash paid during the year for:                 
Interest $527,083   $231,163  $462,181  $461,398 
Income taxes  37,029    138,187   299,415    
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

69


NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE A —1 - SUMMARY OF
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Business

CC Media Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) was formed in May 2007 by private equity funds sponsored by Bain Capital Partners, LLC and Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. (the(together, the “Sponsors”) for the purpose of acquiring the business of Clear Channel Communications, Inc., a Texas company (“Clear Channel”). The acquisition was completed on July 30, 2008 pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 16, 2006, as amended on April 18, 2007, May 17, 2007 and May 13, 2008 (the “Merger Agreement”).

As a result of

The Company’s reportable operating segments are Media and Entertainment (“CCME”, formerly known as the merger, each issued and outstanding share of Clear Channel, other than shares held by certain principals of the Company that were rolled over and exchanged for Class A common stock of the Company, were either exchanged for (i) $36.00 in cash consideration, without interest,Radio segment), Americas outdoor advertising (“Americas outdoor” or (ii) one share of Class A common stock of the Company.

The purchase price was approximately $23 billion including $94 million in capitalized transaction costs. The merger was funded primarily through a $3 billion equity contribution, including the rollover of Clear Channel shares, and $20.8 billion in debt financing, including the assumption of $5.1 billion aggregate principal amount of Clear Channel debt.
The transaction was accounted for as a purchase in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141,Business Combinations(“Statement 141”“Americas outdoor advertising”), and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 88-16,Basis in Leveraged Buyout Transactions(“EITF 88-16”International outdoor advertising (“International outdoor” or “International outdoor advertising”). The Company preliminarily allocated a portion of the consideration paid to the assetsCCME segment provides media and liabilities acquired atentertainment services via broadcast and digital delivery. The Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments provide outdoor advertising services in their respective initially estimated fair values withgeographic regions using various digital and traditional display types. Included in the remaining portion recorded at the continuing shareholders basis. Excess consideration after this preliminary allocation was recorded as goodwill.
The Company has initially estimated the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities as of the merger date utilizing information available at the time“Other” segment are the Company’s financial statements were prepared. These estimates are subject to refinement until all pertinent information is obtained. The Company is currently in the process of obtaining third-party valuations of certain of the acquired assets and liabilities and will finalize its purchase price allocation in 2009. The final allocation of the purchase price may be different than the initial allocation.
The merger is more fully discussed in Note B.
Liquidity and Asset Impairments
The Company’s primary source of liquidity is cash flow from operations, which has been adversely affected by the global economic slowdown. The risks associated with the Company’s businesses become more acute in periods of a slowing economy or recession, which may be accompanied by a decrease in advertising. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions and budgeting and buying patterns. The current global economic slowdown has resulted in a decline in advertising and marketing services among the Company’s customers, resulting in a decline in advertising revenues across its businesses. This reduction in advertising revenues has had an adverse effect on the Company’s revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity, particularly during the second half of 2008. The continuation of the global economic slowdown may continue to adversely impact the Company’s revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity.
In January 2009, in response to the deterioration in general economic conditions and the resulting negative impact on the Company’smedia representation business, it commenced a restructuring program targeting a reduction of fixed costs by approximately $350 million on an annualized basis. As part of the program, the Company eliminated approximately 1,850 full-time positions representing approximately 9% of total workforce. The program is expected to result in restructuring and other non-recurring charges of approximately $200 million, although additional costs may be incurred as the program evolves. The cost savings initiatives are expected to be fully implemented by the end of the

70


first quarter of 2010. No assurance can be given that the restructuring program will be successful or will achieve the anticipated cost savings in the timeframe expected or at all.
Based on the Company’s current and anticipated levels of operations and conditions in its markets, it believes that cash flow from operationsKatz Media Group, as well as cashother general support services and initiatives, which are ancillary to its other businesses.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes including, but not limited to, legal, tax and insurance accruals. The Company bases its estimates on hand (including amounts drawn or availablehistorical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the senior secured credit facilities) will enable the Company to meet its working capital, capital expenditure, debt service and other funding requirements for at least the next 12 months.

Continuing adverse securities and credit market conditionscircumstances. Actual results could significantly affect the availability of equity or credit financing. While there is no assurance in the current economic environment, the Company believes the lenders participating in its credit agreements will be willing and able to provide financing in accordance with the terms of their agreements. In this regard, on February 6, 2009 the Company borrowed the approximately $1.6 billon of remaining availability under its $2.0 billion revolving credit facility to improve its liquidity position in light of continuing uncertainty in credit market and economic conditions. The Company expects to refinance its $500.0 million 4.25% notes due May 15, 2009 with a draw under the $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility that is specifically designated for this purpose. The remaining $69.5 million of indebtedness maturing in 2009 will either be refinanced or repaid with cash flowdiffer from operations or on hand.
The Company expects to be in compliance with the covenants under its senior secured credit facilities in 2009. However, the Company’s anticipated results are subject to significant uncertainty and there can be no assurance that actual results will be in compliance with the covenants. In addition, the Company’s ability to comply with the covenants in its financing agreements may be affected by events beyond its control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. The breach of any covenants set forth in the financing agreements would result in a default thereunder. An event of default would permit the lenders under a defaulted financing agreement to declare all indebtedness thereunder to be due and payable prior to maturity. Moreover, the lenders under the revolving credit facility under the senior secured credit facilities would have the option to terminate their commitments to make further extensions of revolving credit thereunder. If the Company is unable to repay its obligations under any senior secured credit facilities or the receivables based credit facility, the lenders under such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility could proceed against any assets that were pledged to secure such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility. In addition, a default or acceleration under any of the Company’s financing agreements could cause a default under other of its obligations that are subject to cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions.
The Company performed an interim impairment test on its indefinite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2008 as a result of the current global economic slowdown and its negative impact on the Company’s business. The estimated fair value of the Company’s FCC licenses and permits was below their carrying values, which resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $1.7 billion. As discussed, the United States and global economies are undergoing a period of economic uncertainty, which has caused, among other things, a general tightening in the credit markets, limited access to the credit market, lower levels of liquidity and lower consumer and business spending. These disruptions in the credit and financial markets and the continuing impact of adverse economic, financial and industry conditions on the demand for advertising negatively impacted the key assumptions in the discounted cash flow models used to value FCC licenses and permits.
The Company also performed an interim goodwill impairment test as of December 31, 2008. The estimated fair value of the reporting units was below their carrying values, which required the Company to compare the implied fair value of each reporting units’ goodwill with its carrying value. As a result, the Company recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $3.6 billion to reduce goodwill. The macroeconomic factors discussed above had an adverse effect on the estimated cash flows and discount rates used in the discounted cash flow model.
Format of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, statements of cash flows and shareholders’ equity are presented for two periods: post-merger and pre-merger. The Company applied preliminary purchase accounting pursuant to the aforementioned standards to the opening balance sheet on July 31, 2008 as the merger occurred at the close of business on July 30, 2008. The merger resulted in a new basis of accounting beginning on July 31, 2008 and the financial reporting periods are presented as follows:

71

those estimates.


The period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 includes the post-merger period of the Company, reflecting the merger of the Company and Clear Channel. Subsequent to the acquisition, Clear Channel became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and the business of the Company became that of Clear Channel and its subsidiaries.
The period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 includes the pre-merger period of Clear Channel. Prior to the consummation of its acquisition of Clear Channel, the Company had not conducted any activities, other than activities incident to its formation and in connection with the acquisition, and did not have any assets or liabilities, other than as related to the acquisition.
The 2007 and 2006 periods presented are pre-merger. The consolidated financial statements for all pre-merger periods were prepared using the historical basis of accounting for Clear Channel. As a result of the merger and the associated preliminary purchase accounting, the consolidated financial statements of the post-merger periods are not comparable to periods preceding the merger.
Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Significant intercompany accounts have been eliminatedAlso included in consolidation.the consolidated financial statements are entities for which the Company has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. Investments in nonconsolidated affiliatescompanies in which the Company owns 20 percent to 50 percent of the voting common stock or otherwise exercises significant influence over operating and financial policies of the Company are accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

All significant intercompany accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation.

The Company owns certain radio stations thatwhich, under current Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) rules, are not permitted or transferable. These radio stations were placed in a trust in order to bringcomply with FCC rules at the time of the closing of the merger into compliance withthat resulted in the FCC’s media ownership rules.Company’s acquisition of Clear Channel. The Company is the beneficial owner of the trust, but the radio stations are managed by an independent trustee. The Company will have to divest all of these stations. The trust is terminated if atradio stations unless any time the stations may be owned by the Company under then-current FCC rules, in which case the then current FCC media ownership rules.trust will be terminated with respect to such stations. The trust agreement stipulates that the Company must fund any operating shortfalls of the trust activities, and any excess cash flow generated by the trust is distributed to the Company. The Company is also the beneficiary of proceeds from the sale of stations held in the trust. The Company consolidates the trust in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46(R),Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities(“FIN 46R”),ASC 810-10, which requires an enterprise involved with variable interest entities to perform an analysis to determine whether the enterprise’s variable interest or interests give it a controlling financial interest in the variable interest entity, as the trust was determined to be a variable interest entity and the Company is its primary beneficiary.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company evaluates the collectibilitycollectability of its accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. In circumstances where it is aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, it records a specific reserve to reduce the amounts recorded to what it believes will be collected. For all other customers, it recognizes reserves for bad debt based on historical experience of bad debts as a percent of revenue for each business unit, adjusted for relative improvements or deteriorations in the agings and changes in current economic conditions. The Company believes its concentration of credit risk is limited due to the large number and the geographic diversification of its customers.

Land Leases and Other Structure Licenses
Most of the Company’s outdoor advertising structures are located on leased land. Americas outdoor land rents are typically paid in advance for periods ranging from one to twelve months. International outdoor land rents are paid both in advance and in arrears, for periods ranging from one to twelve months. Most international street furniture display faces are operated through contracts with the municipalities for up to 20 years. The street furniture contracts often include a percent of revenue to be paid along with a base rent payment. Prepaid land leases are recorded as an asset and expensed ratably over the related rental term and license and rent payments in arrears are recorded as an accrued liability.

72


Purchase Accounting

The Company accounts for its business acquisitionscombinations under the purchaseacquisition method of accounting. The total cost of acquisitionsan acquisition is allocated to the underlying identifiable net assets, based on their respective estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires management’s judgment and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including assumptions with respect to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, asset lives and market multiples, among other items. Various acquisition agreements may include contingent purchase consideration based on performance requirements of the investee. The Company accruesaccounts for these payments underin conformity with the guidance in Emerging Issues Task Force issue 95-8:Accounting for Contingent Consideration Paidprovisions of ASC 805-20-30, which establish the requirements related to the Shareholdersrecognition of an Acquired Enterprise in a Purchase Business Combination, after the contingencies have been resolved.

certain assets and liabilities arising from contingencies.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method at rates that, in the opinion of management, are adequate to allocate the cost of such assets over their estimated useful lives, which are as follows:

Buildings and improvements - 10 to 39 years

Structures - 5 to 40 years

Towers, transmitters and studio equipment - 7 to 20 years

Furniture and other equipment - 3 to 20 years

Leasehold improvements - shorter of economic life or lease term assuming renewal periods, if appropriate

For assets associated with a lease or contract, the assets are depreciated at the shorter of the economic life or the lease or contract term, assuming renewal periods, if appropriate. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred, whereas expenditures for renewal and betterments are capitalized.

The Company tests for possible impairment of property, plant, and equipment whenever events or changes inand circumstances such as a reduction in operatingindicate that depreciable assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flow or a dramatic change inflows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the manner for whichcarrying amounts of those assets. When specific assets are determined to be unrecoverable, the cost basis of the asset is intendedreduced to reflect the current fair market value.

The Company impaired outdoor advertising structures in its Americas outdoor segment by $4.0 million during 2010. During 2009, the Company recorded a $21.0 million impairment to street furniture tangible assets in its International outdoor segment and an $11.3 million impairment of corporate assets.

Land Leases and Other Structure Licenses

Most of the Company’s outdoor advertising structures are located on leased land. Americas outdoor land leases are typically paid in advance for periods ranging from one to 12 months. International outdoor land leases are paid both in advance and in arrears, for periods ranging from one to 12 months. Most International street furniture display faces are operated through contracts with municipalities for up to 20 years. The leased land and street furniture contracts often include a percent of revenue to be used indicate thatpaid along with a base rent payment. Prepaid land leases are recorded as an asset and expensed ratably over the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If indicators exist, the Company compares the estimated undiscounted future cash flows related to the asset to the carrying value of the asset. If the carrying value is greater than the estimated undiscounted future cash flow amount,rental term and license and rent payments in arrears are recorded as an impairment charge is recorded in depreciation and amortization expense in the statement of operations for amounts necessary to reduce the carrying value of the asset to fair value. The impairment loss calculations require management to apply judgment in estimating future cash flows and the discount rates that reflect the risk inherent in future cash flows.

accrued liability.

Intangible Assets

The Company classifies and Goodwill

Definite-lived intangible assets as definite-lived, indefinite-lived or goodwill. Definite-lived intangibles include primarily transit and street furniture contracts, talent and representation contracts, customer and advertiser relationships, and site-leases, all of which are amortized over the respective lives of the agreements, or over the period of time the assets are expected to contribute directly or indirectly to the Company’s future cash flows. The Company periodically reviews the appropriateness of the amortization periods related to its definite-lived intangible assets. These assets are statedrecorded at cost.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The Company tests for possible impairment of definite-lived intangible assets whenever events and circumstances indicate that amortizable long-lived assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amounts of those assets. When specific assets are determined to be unrecoverable, the cost basis of the asset is reduced to reflect the current fair market value.

The Company impaired certain definite-lived intangible assets primarily related to a talent contract in its CCME segment by $3.9 million during 2010. The Company impaired definite-lived intangible assets related to certain street furniture and billboard contract intangible assets in its Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments by $55.3 million during 2009.

The Company’s indefinite-lived intangiblesintangible assets include FCC broadcast FCC licenses in its radio broadcastingCCME segment and billboard permits in its Americas outdoor advertising segment. The excess cost over fair value of netCompany’s indefinite-lived intangible assets acquired is classified as goodwill. The indefinite-lived intangibles and goodwill are not subject to amortization, but are tested for impairment at least annually. The Company tests for possible impairment of definite-livedindefinite-lived intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances, such as a significant reduction in operating cash flow or a dramatic change in the manner for which the asset is intended to be used indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If indicators exist, the Company compares the undiscounted cash flows related to the asset to the carrying value of the asset. If the carrying value is greater than the undiscounted cash flow amount, an impairment charge is recorded in amortization expense in the statement of operations for amounts necessary to reduce the carrying value of the asset to fair value.

The Company performs its annual impairment test for its FCC licenses and permits using a direct valuation technique as prescribed by the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Topic D-108,Use of the Residual Method to

73


Value Acquired Assets Other Than Goodwill(“D-108”). Certain assumptions are used under the Company’s direct valuation technique, including market revenue growth rates, market share, profit margin, duration and profile of the build-up period, estimated start-up cost and losses incurred during the build-up period, the risk adjusted discount rate and terminal values.in ASC 805-20-S99. The Company utilizesengages Mesirow Financial Consulting LLC (“Mesirow Financial”), a third party valuation firm, to assist the Company in the development of these assumptions and the Company’s determination of the fair value of its FCC licenses and permits.
As previously discussed, the

The Company performed an interimits annual impairment test on its indefinite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2008October 1, 2011, which resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $1.7 billion on$6.5 million related to permits in one specific market. The Company performed impairment tests during 2010 and 2009, which resulted in non-cash impairment charges of $5.3 million and $935.6 million, respectively, related to its indefinite-lived FCC licenses and permits.

See Note 2 for further discussion.

At least annually, the Company performs its impairment test for each reporting unit’s goodwill. Beginning with its annual impairment testing in the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company utilized the option to assess qualitative factors under ASC 350-20-35 to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting units was less than their carrying amounts, including goodwill. The Company has identified its reporting units in accordance with ASC 350-20-55. The U.S. radio markets are aggregated into a single reporting unit and the Company’s U.S. outdoor advertising markets are aggregated into a single reporting unit for purposes of the goodwill usingimpairment test. The Company also determined that within its Americas outdoor segment, Canada, Mexico, Peru, and Brazil constitute separate reporting units and each country in its International outdoor segment constitutes a separate reporting unit.

If, after the qualitative approach, further testing is required, the Company uses a discounted cash flow model to determine if the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, is less than the fair value of the reporting unit. The Company identifiedrecognized a non-cash impairment charge of $1.1 million to reduce goodwill in one country within its International outdoor segments for 2011, which is further discussed in Note 2.

The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test during 2010, and recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $2.1 million related to a specific reporting unit in its International outdoor segment. See Note 2 for further discussion. The Company performed its impairment tests during 2009 and recognized non-cash impairment charges of $3.1 billion. See Note 2 for further discussion.

Nonconsolidated Affiliates

In general, investments in which the Company owns 20 percent to 50 percent of the common stock or otherwise exercises significant influence over the investee are accounted for under the equity method. The Company does not recognize gains or losses upon the issuance of securities by any of its equity method investees. The Company reviews the value of equity method investments and records impairment charges in the statement of operations as a component of “Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates” for any decline in value that is determined to be other-than-temporary.

For 2010 and 2009, the Company recorded non-cash impairment charges of $8.3 million and $22.9 million, respectively, related to certain equity investments in its International outdoor segment.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Other Investments

Other investments are composed primarily of equity securities. These securities are classified as available-for-sale or trading and are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices. Securities are carried at historical value when quoted market prices are unavailable. The net unrealized gains or losses on the available-for-sale securities, net of tax, are reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a component of shareholders’ equity. In addition, the Company holds investments that do not have quoted market prices. The Company periodically assesses the value of available-for-sale and non-marketable securities and records impairment charges in the statement of operations for any decline in value that is determined to be other-than-temporary. The average cost method is used to compute the realized gains and losses on sales of equity securities.

The Company periodically assesses the value of its available-for-sale securities. Based on these assessments, the Company concluded that other-than-temporary impairments existed at December 31, 2011, 2010 and September 30, 2009 and recorded non-cash impairment charges of $4.8 million, $6.5 million and $11.3 million, respectively, during each of these years. Such charges are recorded on the statement of operations in “Loss on marketable securities”.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

The provisions of ASC 815-10 require the Company to recognize its interest rate swap agreement as either an asset or liability in the consolidated balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship, and further, on the type of hedging relationship. The interest rate swap is designated and qualifies as a hedging instrument, and is characterized as a cash flow hedge. The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking various hedge transactions. The Company formally assesses, both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in either the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item. If a derivative ceases to be a highly effective hedge, the Company discontinues hedge accounting.

Financial Instruments

Due to their short maturity, the carrying amounts of accounts and notes receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and short-term borrowings approximated their fair values at December 31, 2011 and 2010.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting bases and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced by valuation allowances if the Company believes it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire asset will not be realized. As all earnings from the Company’s foreign operations are permanently reinvested and not distributed, the Company’s income tax provision does not include additional U.S. taxes on foreign operations. It is not practical to determine the amount of Federal income taxes, if any, that might become due in the event that the earnings were distributed.

Revenue Recognition

CCME revenue is recognized as advertisements or programs are broadcast and is generally billed monthly. Outdoor advertising contracts typically cover periods of a few weeks up to one year and are generally billed monthly. Revenue for outdoor advertising is recognized ratably over the term of the contract. Advertising revenue is reported net of agency commissions. Agency commissions are calculated based on a stated percentage applied to gross billing revenue for the Company’s broadcasting and outdoor operations. Payments received in advance of being earned are recorded as deferred income.

Barter transactions represent the exchange of advertising spots or display space for merchandise or services. These transactions are recorded at the estimated fair market value of the advertising spots or display space or the fair value of the merchandise or services received, whichever is most readily determinable. Revenue is recognized on barter and trade transactions when the advertisements are broadcasted or displayed. Expenses are recorded ratably over a period that estimates when the merchandise or service received is utilized, or when the event occurs. Barter and trade revenues and expenses from continuing operations are included in consolidated revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively. Barter and trade revenues and expenses from continuing operations were as follows:

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

$000.000$000.000$000.000
(In millions)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

Barter and trade revenues

      $61.2        $67.0        $71.9  

Barter and trade expenses

   63.4     66.4     86.7  

Barter and trade expenses for 2009 include $14.9 million of trade receivables written off as it was determined they no longer had value to the Company.

Advertising Expense

The Company records advertising expense as it is incurred. Advertising expenses were $92.2 million, $82.0 million and $67.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Share-Based Compensation

Under the fair value recognition provisions of ASC 718-10, share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. For awards that vest based on service conditions, this cost is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. For awards that will vest based on market or performance conditions, this cost will be recognized when it becomes probable that the performance conditions will be satisfied. Determining the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date requires assumptions and judgments about expected volatility and forfeiture rates, among other factors. If actual results differ significantly from these estimates, the Company’s results of operations could be materially impacted.

Foreign Currency

Results of operations for foreign subsidiaries and foreign equity investees are translated into U.S. dollars using the average exchange rates during the year. The assets and liabilities of those subsidiaries and investees are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates at the balance sheet date. The related translation adjustments are recorded in a separate component of shareholders’ equity, “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)”. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in operations.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In April 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-04,Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs. The amendments in this ASU change the wording used to describe many of the requirements in U.S. GAAP for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements. For many of the requirements, the FASB does not intend for the amendments in this ASU to result in a change in the application of the requirements in Topic 820. Some of the amendments clarify the FASB’s intent about the application of existing fair value measurement requirements. Other amendments change a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or for disclosing information about fair value measurements. The amendments in this ASU are to be applied prospectively for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company does not expect the provisions of ASU 2011-04 to have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05,Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income.This ASU improves the comparability, consistency, and transparency of financial reporting and increases the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income by eliminating the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. The amendments require that all nonowner changes in stockholders’ equity be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. The changes apply for interim and annual financial statements and should be applied retrospectively, effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted. The Company currently complies with the provisions of this ASU by presenting the components of comprehensive income in a single continuous financial statement within its consolidated statement of operations for both interim and annual periods.

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment.Under the revised guidance, entities testing goodwill for impairment have the option of performing a qualitative assessment before calculating the fair value of the reporting unit (i.e., step 1 of the goodwill impairment test). If entities determine, on the basis of qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not less than the

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

carrying amount, the two-step impairment test would be required. The ASU does not change how goodwill is calculated or assigned to reporting units, nor does it revise the requirement to test goodwill annually for impairment. The amendments are effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted the provisions of this ASU as of October 1, 2011 with no material impact to its financial position or results of operations. Please refer to Note 2 for additional discussion.

In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05. The ASU defers the requirement to present components of reclassifications of other comprehensive income on the face of the income statement in response to requests from some investors for greater clarity about the impact of reclassification adjustments on net income. The guidance in ASU 2011-05 called for reclassification adjustments from other comprehensive income to be measured and presented by income statement line item in net income and also in other comprehensive income. All other requirements in ASU 2011-05 are not affected by this Update. The amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company does not expect the provisions of ASU 2011-12 to have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations.

NOTE 2 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL

Acquisitions

On April 29, 2011, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company purchased the traffic business of Westwood One, Inc. for $24.3 million. Immediately after closing, the acquired subsidiaries repaid pre-existing, intercompany debt owed by the subsidiaries to Westwood One, Inc. in the amount of $95.0 million. The acquisition resulted in an increase of $17.2 million to property, plant and equipment, $35.0 million to intangible assets and $70.6 million to goodwill.

During 2011, a subsidiary of the Company acquired Brouwer & Partners, a street furniture business in Holland, for $12.5 million.

Property, Plant and Equipment

The Company’s property, plant and equipment consisted of the following classes of assets at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively:

$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00
(In thousands)  December 31,   December 31, 
   2011   2010 

Land, buildings and improvements

    $657,346        $652,575    

Structures

   2,783,434       2,623,561    

Towers, transmitters and studio equipment

   400,832       397,434    

Furniture and other equipment

   365,137       282,385    

Construction in progress

   68,658       65,173    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   4,275,407       4,021,128    

Less: accumulated depreciation

   1,212,080       875,574    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property, plant and equipment, net

    $3,063,327        $3,145,554    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Definite-lived Intangible Assets

The following table presents the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for each major class of definite-lived intangible assets at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively:

$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00
(In thousands)  December 31, 2011   December 31, 2010 
   Gross Carrying
Amount
   Accumulated
Amortization
   Gross Carrying
Amount
   Accumulated
Amortization
 

Transit, street furniture, and other outdoor contractual rights

    $773,238        $329,563        $789,867        $256,685    

Customer / advertiser relationships

   1,210,269       409,794       1,210,205       289,824    

Talent contracts

   347,489       139,154       317,352       99,050    

Representation contracts

   237,451       137,058       231,623       101,650    

Other

   560,978       96,096       551,197       64,886    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    $3,129,425        $1,111,665        $3,100,244        $812,095    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total amortization expense related to definite-lived intangible assets was $328.3 million, $332.3 million, and $341.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

As acquisitions and dispositions occur in the future, amortization expense may vary. The following table presents the Company’s estimate of amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years for definite-lived intangible assets:

$000000000
(In thousands)    

  2012

  $302,374  

  2013

   282,921  

  2014

   259,860  

  2015

   232,293  

  2016

   217,248  

Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets and Goodwill

The Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of FCC broadcast licenses and billboard permits. FCC broadcast licenses are granted to radio stations for up to eight years under the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (the “Act”). The Act requires the FCC to renew a broadcast license if the FCC finds that the station has served the public interest, convenience and necessity, there have been no serious violations of either the Communications Act of 1934 or the FCC’s rules and regulations by the licensee, and there have been no other serious violations which taken together constitute a pattern of abuse. The licenses may be renewed indefinitely at little or no cost. The Company does not believe that the technology of wireless broadcasting will be replaced in the foreseeable future.

The Company’s billboard permits are granted for the right to operate an advertising structure at the specified location as long as the structure is in compliance with the laws and regulations of each jurisdiction. The Company’s permits are located on owned land, leased land or land for which we have acquired permanent easements. In cases where the Company’s permits are located on leased land, the leases typically have initial terms of between 10 and 20 years and renew indefinitely, with rental payments generally escalating at an inflation-based index. If the Company loses its lease, the Company will typically obtain permission to relocate the permit or bank it with the municipality for future use. Due to significant differences in both business practices and regulations, billboards in the International outdoor segment are subject to long-term, finite contracts unlike the Company’s permits in the United States and Canada. Accordingly, there are no indefinite-lived intangible assets in the International outdoor segment.

The impairment tests for indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of a comparison between the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset at the market level with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized equal to that excess. After an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of the indefinite-lived asset is its new accounting basis. The fair value of the indefinite-lived asset is determined using the direct valuation method as prescribed in ASC 805-20-S99. Under the direct valuation method, the fair value of the indefinite-lived assets is calculated at the market level as prescribed by ASC 350-30-35. The Company engaged Mesirow Financial, a third-party valuation firm, to assist it in the development of the assumptions and the Company’s determination of the fair value of its indefinite-lived intangible assets.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The application of the direct valuation method attempts to isolate the income that is properly attributable to the indefinite-lived intangible asset alone (that is, apart from tangible and identified intangible assets and goodwill). It is based upon modeling a hypothetical “greenfield” build-up to a “normalized” enterprise that, by design, lacks inherent goodwill and whose only other assets have essentially been paid for (or added) as part of the build-up process. The Company forecasts revenue, expenses, and cash flows over a ten-year period for each of its markets in its application of the direct valuation method. The Company also calculates a “normalized” residual year which represents the perpetual cash flows of each market. The residual year cash flow was capitalized to arrive at the terminal value of the licenses in each market.

Under the direct valuation method, it is assumed that rather than acquiring indefinite-lived intangible assets as part of a going concern business, the buyer hypothetically develops indefinite-lived intangible assets and builds a new operation with similar attributes from scratch. Thus, the buyer incurs start-up costs during the build-up phase which are normally associated with going concern value. Initial capital costs are deducted from the discounted cash flow model which results in value that is directly attributable to the indefinite-lived intangible assets.

The key assumptions using the direct valuation method are market revenue growth rates, market share, profit margin, duration and profile of the build-up period, estimated start-up capital costs and losses incurred during the build-up period, the risk-adjusted discount rate and terminal values. This data is populated using industry normalized information representing an average FCC license or billboard permit within a market.

Annual Impairment Test to FCC Licenses and Billboard Permits

The Company performs its annual impairment test on October 1 of each year.

The aggregate fair value of the Company’s FCC licenses on October 1, 2011 and 2010 increased approximately 10% and 14% from the fair value at October 1, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The increase in fair value for both years resulted primarily from improvements to general market conditions leading to increased advertising spending, which results in higher revenues for the industry. The aggregate fair value of the Company’s permits on October 1, 2011 and 2010 increased approximately 12% and 58% from the fair value at October 1, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The increase in fair value resulted primarily from improvements to general market conditions leading to increased advertising spending and results in higher revenues for the industry.

During 2011, the Company recognized a $6.5 million impairment charge related to billboard permits in one market due to significant declines in permit value resulting from flat revenues, a slight decline in margin and increased capital expenditures within the market. During 2010, although the aggregate fair values of FCC licenses and billboard permits increased, certain markets experienced continuing declines. As a result, impairment charges were recorded in 2010 for FCC licenses and billboard permits of $0.5 million and $4.8 million, respectively.

Interim Impairment to FCC Licenses

The Company performed an interim impairment test on its FCC licenses as of June 30, 2009 as a result of the poor economic environment during the period. In determining the fair value of the Company’s FCC licenses, the following key assumptions were used:

§Industry revenue forecast by BIA Financial Network, Inc. (“BIA”) of 1.8% were used during the three year build-up period;
§Operating margin of 12.5% in the first year gradually climbs to the industry average margin in year three of 29%;
§2% revenue growth was assumed beyond the discrete build-up projection; and
§Assumed discount rates of 10% for the 13 largest markets and 10.5% for all other markets.

The BIA forecast for 2009 declined 8.7% and declined between 13.8% and 15.7% through 2013 compared to the BIA forecasts used in the 2008 impairment test. Additionally, the industry profit margin declined 100 basis points from the 2008 impairment test. These market driven changes were primarily responsible for the decline in fair value of the FCC licenses below their carrying value. As a result, the Company recognized a non-cash impairment charge at June 30, 2009 in approximately one-quarter of its markets, which totaled $590.3 million.

In calculating the fair value of its FCC licenses, the Company primarily relied on the discounted cash flow models. However, the Company relied on the stick method for those markets where the discounted cash flow model resulted in a value less than the stick method indicated. Approximately 23% of the fair value of the Company’s FCC licenses at June 30, 2009 was determined using the stick method.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Interim Impairment to Billboard Permits

The Company performed an interim impairment test on its billboard permits as June 30, 2009 as a result of the poor economic environment during the period. In determining the fair value of the Company’s billboard permits, the following key assumptions were used:

§Industry revenue growth of negative 16% during the one year build-up period;
§Cost structure reached a normalized level over a three year period and the operating margins gradually grew over that period to the industry average margins of 45%. The margin in year three was the lower of the industry average margin or the actual margin for the market;
§Industry average revenue growth of 3% beyond the discrete build-up projection; and
§A discount rate of 10%.

The discount rate used in the June 30, 2009 impairment model increased approximately 50 basis points over the discount rate used to value the permits at December 31, 2008. Industry revenue forecasts declined 8% through 2013 compared to the forecasts used in the 2008 impairment test. These market driven changes were primarily responsible for the decline in fair value of the billboard permits below their carrying value. As a result, the Company recognized a non-cash impairment charge at June 30, 2009 in all but five of its markets in the United States and Canada, which totaled $345.4 million.

Annual Impairment Test to Goodwill

The Company performs its annual impairment test on October 1 of each year. Each of the Company’s U.S. radio markets and outdoor advertising markets are components. The U.S. radio markets are aggregated into a single reporting unit and the U.S. outdoor advertising markets are aggregated into a single reporting unit for purposes of the goodwill impairment test using the guidance in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142,GoodwillASC 350-20-55. The Company also determined that within its Americas outdoor segment, Canada, Mexico, Peru, and Other Intangible Assets(“Statement 142”) and EITF D-101,Clarification of Reporting Unit Guidance in Paragraph 30 of FASB Statement No. 142. The Company’sBrazil constitute separate reporting units for radio broadcasting and Americas outdoor advertising are the reportable segments. The Company determined that each country in its International outdoor segment constitutes a separate reporting unit.

Beginning with its annual impairment testing in the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company utilized the option to assess qualitative factors under ASC 350-20-35 to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting units was less than their carrying amounts, including goodwill. Based on a qualitative assessment, the Company concluded that no further testing of goodwill for impairment was required for its CCME reporting unit and for all of the reporting units within its Americas outdoor segment, with the exception of one country, for which further testing was required. Further testing was also required for three of the countries within its International outdoor segment.

If further testing of goodwill for impairment is required after assessing qualitative factors, the Company follows the two-step impairment testing approach in accordance with ASC 350-20-35. The first step, used to screen for potential impairment, compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If applicable, the second step, used to measure the amount of the impairment loss, compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill.

Each of the Company’s reporting units is valued using a discounted cash flow model which requires estimating future cash flows expected to be generated from the reporting unit, discounted to their present value using a risk-adjusted discount rate. Terminal values were also estimated and discounted to their present value. Assessing the recoverability of goodwill requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions about sales, operating margins, growth rates and discount rates based on its budgets, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and marketplace data. There are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and management’s judgment in applying these factors. The Company utilizes Mesirow Financial Consulting LLC, a third party valuation firm, to assist

For the Company in the development of these assumptions and the Company’s determination of the fair value of its reporting units.

As previously discussed, the Company performed an interim impairment test as of December 31, 2008 and recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $3.6 billion to reduce its goodwill.
Other Investments
Other investments are composed primarily of equity securities. These securities are classified as available-for-sale or trading and are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices. Securities are carried at historical value when quoted market prices are unavailable. The net unrealized gains or losses on the available-for-sale securities, net of tax, are reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity. The net unrealized gains or losses on the trading securities are reported in the statement of operations. In addition, the Company holds investments that do not have quoted market prices. The Company periodically reviews the value of available-for-sale, trading and non-marketable securities and records impairment charges in the statement of operations for any decline in value that is determined to be other-than-temporary. The average cost method is used to compute the realized gains and losses on sales of equity securities.
The Company assessed the value of its available-for-sale securities at December 31, 2008. After this assessment, the Company concluded that an other-than-temporary impairment existed and recorded a $116.6 million impairment charge on the statement of operations in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities”.
Nonconsolidated Affiliates
In general, investments in which the Company owns 20 percent to 50 percent of the common stock or otherwise exercises significant influence over the investee are accounted for under the equity method. The Company does not recognize gains or losses upon the issuance of securities by any of its equity method investees. The Company reviews the value of equity method investments and records impairment charges in the statement of operations for any decline in value that is determined to be other-than-temporary.

74


Financial Instruments
Due to their short maturity, the carrying amounts of accounts and notes receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and short-term borrowings approximated their fair values at December 31, 2008 and 2007.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting bases and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced by valuation allowances if the Company believes it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the asset will not be realized. As all earnings from the Company’s foreign operations are permanently reinvested and not distributed, the Company’s income tax provision does not include additional U.S. taxes on foreign operations. It is not practical to determine the amount of federal income taxes, if any, that might become due in the event that the earnings were distributed.
Revenue Recognition
Radio broadcasting revenue is recognized as advertisements or programs are broadcast and is generally billed monthly. Outdoor advertising contracts typically cover periods of up to three years and are generally billed monthly. Revenue for outdoor advertising space rental is recognized ratably over the term of the contract. Advertising revenue is reported net of agency commissions. Agency commissions are calculated based on a stated percentage applied to gross billing revenue for the Company’s broadcasting and outdoor operations. Payments received in advance of being earned are recorded as deferred income.
Barter transactions represent the exchange of airtime or display space for merchandise or services. These transactions are generally recorded at the fair market value of the airtime or display space or the fair value of the merchandise or services received. Revenue is recognized on barter and trade transactions when the advertisements are broadcasted or displayed. Expenses are recorded ratably over a period that estimates when the merchandise or service received is utilized or the event occurs. Barter and trade revenues and expenses from continuing operations are included in consolidated revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively. Barter and trade revenues and expenses from continuing operations were:
                  
  Post-merger period  Pre-merger period  
  ended December 31,  ended July 30, Years ended December 31,
  2008  2008 2007 2006
(In millions) Post-merger  Pre-merger Pre-merger Pre-merger
                  
Barter and trade revenues $33.7   $40.2  $70.7  $77.8 
Barter and trade expenses  35.0    38.9   70.4   75.6 
Share-Based Payments
The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standard No. 123 (R),Share-Based Payment(“Statement 123(R)”), on January 1, 2006 using the modified-prospective-transition method. Under the fair value recognition provisions of this statement, stock based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. For awards that vest based on service conditions, this cost is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. For awards that will vest based on market, performance and service conditions, this cost will be recognized when it becomes probable that the performance conditions will be satisfied. Determining the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date requires assumptions and judgments about expected volatility and forfeiture rates, among other factors. If actual results differ significantly from these estimates, the Company’s results of operations could be materially impacted.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Financial Accounting Standard No. 133,Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, (“Statement 133”), requires the Company to recognize all of its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the

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consolidated balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship, and further, on the type of hedging relationship. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, the Company must designate the hedging instrument, based upon the exposure being hedged, as a fair value hedge, cash flow hedge or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking various hedge transactions. The Company formally assesses, both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in either the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item. If a derivative ceases to be a highly effective hedge, the Company discontinues hedge accounting. The Company accounts for its derivative instruments that are not designated as hedges at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for speculation or trading purposes.
Foreign Currency
Results of operations for foreign subsidiaries and foreign equity investees are translated into U.S. dollars using the average exchange rates during the year. The assets and liabilities of those subsidiaries and investees, other than those of operations in highly inflationary countries, are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates at the balance sheet date. The related translation adjustments are recorded in a separate component of shareholders’ equity, “Accumulated other comprehensive income”. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses, as well as gains and losses from translation of financial statements of subsidiaries and investees in highly inflationary countries, are included in operations.
Advertising Expense
The Company records advertising expense as it is incurred. Advertising expenses from continuing operations was:
                  
  Post-merger period  Pre-merger period  
  ended December 31,  ended July 30, Years ended December 31,
  2008  2008 2007 2006
(In millions) Post-merger  Pre-merger Pre-merger Pre-merger
                  
Advertising expenses $51.8   $56.1  $138.5  $130.4 
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes including, but not limited to, legal, tax and insurance accruals. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Certain Reclassifications
The historical financial statements and footnote disclosures have been revised to reflect the reclassification of amounts related to the Company’s television business and certain radio stations from continuing operations to discontinued operations.
New Accounting Pronouncements
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141(R),Business Combinations(“Statement 141(R)”), was issued in December 2007. Statement 141(R) requires that upon initially obtaining control, an acquirer will recognize 100% of the fair values of acquired assets, including goodwill, and assumed liabilities, with only limited exceptions, even if the acquirer has not acquired 100% of its target. Additionally, contingent consideration arrangements will be fair valued at the acquisition date and included on that basis in the purchase price consideration and transaction costs will be expensed as incurred. Statement 141(R) also modifies the recognition for preacquisition contingencies, such as environmental or legal issues, restructuring plans and acquired research and development value in purchase accounting. Statement 141(R) amends Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109,Accounting for

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Income Taxes, to require the acquirer to recognize changes in the amount of its deferred tax benefits that are recognizable because of a business combination either in income from continuing operations in the period of the combination or directly in contributed capital, depending on the circumstances. Statement 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Adoption is prospective and early adoption is not permitted. The Company will adopt Statement 141 (R) on January 1, 2009. Statement 141R’s impact on accounting for business combinations is dependent upon the nature of future acquisitions.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160,Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51(“Statement 160”), was issued in December 2007. Statement 160 clarifies the classification of noncontrolling interests in consolidated statements of financial position and the accounting for and reporting of transactions between the reporting entity and holders of such noncontrolling interests. Under Statement 160 noncontrolling interests are considered equity and should be reported as an element of consolidated equity, net income will encompass the total income of all consolidated subsidiaries and there will be separate disclosure on the face of the income statement of the attribution of that income between the controlling and noncontrolling interests, and increases and decreases in the noncontrolling ownership interest amount will be accounted for as equity transactions. Statement 160 is effective for the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008, and earlier application is prohibited. Statement 160 is required to be adopted prospectively, except for reclassifying noncontrolling interests to equity, separate from the parent’s shareholders’ equity, in the consolidated statement of financial position and recasting consolidated net income (loss) to include net income (loss) attributable to both the controlling and noncontrolling interests, both of which are required to be adopted retrospectively. The Company will adopt Statement 160 on January 1, 2009 which will result in a reclassification of approximately $463.9 million of noncontrolling interests to shareholders’ equity.
On March 19, 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No. 161,Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities(“Statement 161”). Statement 161 requires additional disclosures about how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for and how derivative instruments and related hedged items effect an entity’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The Company will adopt the disclosure requirements beginning January 1, 2009.
In April 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 142-3,Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets(“FSP FAS 142-3”). FSP FAS 142-3 amends the factors an entity should consider in developing renewal or extension assumptions used in determining the useful life of recognized intangible assets under FASB Statement No. 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets(“Statement 142”). FSP FAS 142-3 removes an entity’s requirement under paragraph 11 of Statement 142 to consider whether an intangible asset can be renewed without substantial cost or material modifications to the existing terms and conditions. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008, and early adoption is prohibited. The Company will adopt FSP FAS 142-3 on January 1, 2009. FSP FAS 142-3’s impact is dependent upon future acquisitions.
The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 159,The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities(“Statement 159”), which permits entities to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value at specified election dates that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The provisions of Statement 159 were effective as of January 1, 2008. The Company did not elect the fair value option under this standard upon adoption.
In June 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position Emerging Issues Task Force 03-6-1Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities(“FSP EITF 03-6-1”). FSP EITF 03-6-1 clarifies that unvested share-based payment awards with a right to receive nonforfeitable dividends are participating securities. Guidance is also provided on how to allocate earnings to participating securities and compute basic earnings per share using the two-class method. This FSP is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008, and early adoption is prohibited. The Company will adopt FSP EITF 03-6-1 on January 1, 2009. The Company is evaluating the impact FSP EITF 03-6-1 will have on its earnings per share.

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NOTE B — BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS
2008 Acquisitions
The Company completed its acquisition of Clear Channel on July 30, 2008. The transaction was accounted for as a purchase in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141,Business Combinations(“Statement 141”), and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 88-16,Basis in Leveraged Buyout Transactions(“EITF 88-16”). The Company preliminarily allocated a portion of the consideration paid to the assets and liabilities acquired at their respective initially estimated fair values with the remaining portion recorded at the continuing shareholders basis. Excess consideration after this preliminary allocation was recorded as goodwill.
The Company has initially estimated the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities as of the merger date utilizing information available at the time the Company’s financial statements were prepared. These estimates are subject to refinement until all pertinent information is obtained. The Company is currently in the process of obtaining third-party valuations of certain of the acquired assets and liabilities and will finalize its purchase price allocation in 2009. The final allocation of the purchase price may be different than the initial allocation.
The opening balance sheet presented as of July 31, 2008 reflected the preliminary allocation of purchase price, based on available information and certain assumptions management believed reasonable. Following is a summary of the preliminary purchase price allocations, adjusted for additional information management has obtained:
             
  Preliminary      Adjusted 
(In thousands) July 31, 2008  Adjustments  July 31, 2008 
Consideration paid $18,082,938      $18,082,938 
Debt assumed  5,136,929       5,136,929 
Historical carryover basis  (825,647)      (825,647)
           
  $22,394,220      $22,394,220 
           
             
Total current assets  2,311,777   5,041   2,316,818 
PP&E — net  3,745,422   125,357   3,870,779 
Intangible assets — net  20,634,499   (764,472)  19,870,027 
Long-term assets  1,079,704   44,787   1,124,491 
Current liabilities  (1,219,033)  (13,204)  (1,232,237)
Long-term liabilities  (4,158,149)  602,491   (3,555,658)
          
  $22,394,220  $  $22,394,220 
          
The adjustments to PP&E — net primarily relate to fair value appraisals received for land and buildings. The adjustments to intangible assets — net primarily relate to an aggregate $3.6 billion adjustment to lower the estimated fair value of the Company’s FCC licenses and permits based on appraised values, partially offset by a $1.5 billion fair value adjustment to recognize advertiser relationships and trade names in the Company’s radio segment based on appraised values, a $240.6 million fair value adjustment to advertising contracts in the Company’s Americas and International outdoor segments based on appraised values and an increase of $1.0 billion to goodwill. The adjustment to long-term liabilities primarily relates to the deferred tax effects of the fair value adjustments.
The adjustments related to the Company’s FCC licenses, permits and goodwill were recorded prior to the Company’s interim impairment test.
The following unaudited supplemental pro forma information reflects the consolidated results of operations of the Company as if the merger had occurred on January 1, 2007. The historical financial information was adjusted to give effect to items that are (i) directly attributed to the merger, (ii) factually supportable, and (iii) expected to have a continuing impact on the consolidated results. Such items include depreciation and amortization expense associated with preliminary valuations of property, plant and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets, corporate expenses associated with new equity based awards granted to certain members of management, expenses associated with the accelerated vesting of employee share based awards upon closing of the merger, interest expense related to debt issued in conjunction with the merger and the fair value adjustment to Clear Channel’s existing debt

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and the related tax effects of these items. This unaudited pro forma information should not be relied upon as necessarily being indicative of the historical results that would have been obtained if the merger had actually occurred on that date, nor of the results that may be obtained in the future.
             
  Pre-merger Pre-merger Pre-merger
  Period from January 1 Year ended Year ended
  through July 30, December 31, December 31,
(In thousands) 2008 2007 2006
Revenue $3,951,742  $6,921,202  $6,567,790 
Income (loss) before discontinued operations $(18,466) $4,179  $(127,620)
Net income (loss) $621,790  $150,012  $(74,942)
Earnings (loss) per share — basic $7.65  $1.85  $(.92)
Earnings (loss) per share — diluted $7.65  $1.85  $(.92)
The Company also acquired assets in its operating segments in addition to the merger described above. The Company acquired FCC licenses in its radio segment for $11.7 million in cash during 2008. The Company acquired outdoor display faces and additional equity interests in international outdoor companies for $96.5 million in cash during 2008. The Company’s national representation business acquired representation contracts for $68.9 million in cash during 2008.
2007 Acquisitions
Clear Channel acquired domestic outdoor display faces and additional equity interests in international outdoor companies for $69.1 million in cash during 2007. Clear Channel’s national representation business acquired representation contracts for $53.0 million in cash during 2007.
2006 Acquisitions
Clear Channel acquired radio stations for $16.4 million and a music scheduling company for $44.3 million in cash plus $10.0 million of deferred purchase consideration during 2006. Clear Channel also acquired Interspace Airport Advertising, Americas and international outdoor display faces and additional equity interests in international outdoor companies for $242.4 million in cash. Clear Channel exchanged assets in one of its Americas outdoor markets for assets located in a different market and recognized a gain of $13.2 million in “Other operating income — net”. In addition, Clear Channel’s national representation firm acquired representation contracts for $38.1 million in cash.

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Acquisition Summary
The following is a summary of the assets and liabilities acquired and the consideration given for acquisitions made during 2007 and 2006:
         
(In thousands) 2007  2006 
Property, plant and equipment $28,002  $49,641 
Accounts receivable     18,636 
Definite lived intangibles  55,017   177,554 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets  15,023   32,862 
Goodwill  41,696   253,411 
Other assets  3,453   6,006 
       
   143,191   538,110 
Other liabilities  (13,081)  (64,303)
Minority interests     (15,293)
Deferred tax     (21,361)
Subsidiary common stock issued, net of minority interests     (67,873)
       
   (13,081)  (168,830)
       
Less: fair value of net assets exchanged in swap  (8,000)  (28,074)
       
Cash paid for acquisitions $122,110  $341,206 
       
The Company has entered into certain agreements relating to acquisitions that provide for purchase price adjustments and other future contingent payments based on the financial performance of the acquired company. The Company will continue to accrue additional amounts related to such contingent payments if and when it is determinable that the applicable financial performance targets will be met. The aggregate of these contingent payments, if performance targets were met, would not significantly impact the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
NOTE C — DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
Sale of non-core radio stations
The Company determined that each radio station market in Clear Channel’s previously announced non-core radio station sales represents a disposal group consistent with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144,Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets(“Statement 144”). Consistent with the provisions of Statement 144, the Company classified these assets that are subject to transfer under the definitive asset purchase agreements as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Accordingly, depreciation and amortization associated with these assets was discontinued. Additionally, the Company determined that these assets comprise operations and cash flows that can be clearly distinguished, operationally and for financial reporting purposes, from the rest of the Company.
Sale of the television business
On March 14, 2008, Clear Channel completed the sale of its television business to Newport Television, LLC for $1.0 billion, adjusted for certain items including proration of expenses and adjustments for working capital. As a result, Clear Channel recorded a gain of $662.9 million as a component of “Income from discontinued operations, net” in its consolidated statement of operations during the first quarter of 2008. Additionally, net income and cash flows from the television business were classified as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations and the consolidated statements of cash flows, respectively, in 2008 through the date of sale and for the yearsyear ended December 31, 2007 and 2006. The net assets related to the television business were classified as discontinued operations as of December 31, 2007.
Summarized Financial Information of Discontinued Operations
Summarized operating results for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 from these businesses are as follows:

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  Five months ended  Seven months ended  
  December 31,  July 30, Years ended December 31,
  2008  2008 2007 2006
(In thousands) Post-merger  Pre-merger Pre-merger Post-merger
Revenue $1,364   $74,783  $442,263  $531,621 
Income (loss) before income taxes  (3,160)  $702,698  $209,882  $84,969 
Included in income from discontinued operations, net is an income tax benefit of $1.3 million for the period July 31 through December 31, 2008. Included for the period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 is income tax expense of $62.4 million and a gain of $695.8 million related to the sale of Clear Channel’s television business and certain radio stations. The Company estimates utilization of approximately $585.3 million of capital loss carryforwards to offset a portion of the taxes associated with these gains. The Company had approximately $699.6 million, before valuation allowance, in capital loss carryforwards remaining as of December 31, 2008.
Included in income from discontinued operations, net are income tax expenses of $64.0 million and $32.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Also included in income from discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 are gains on the sale of certain radio stations of $144.6 million and $0.3 million, respectively.
The following table summarizes the carrying amount at December 31, 2007 of the major classes of assets and liabilities of the businesses classified as discontinued operations.
     
  Pre-merger 
(In thousands) December 31, 
Assets 2007 
     
Accounts receivable, net $76,426 
Other current assets  19,641 
    
Total current assets
 $96,067 
    
     
Land, buildings and improvements $73,138 
Transmitter and studio equipment  207,230 
Other property, plant and equipment  22,781 
Less accumulated depreciation  138,425 
    
Property, plant and equipment, net
 $164,724 
    
     
Definite-lived intangibles, net $283 
Licenses  107,910 
Goodwill  111,529 
    
Total intangible assets
 $219,722 
    
     
Film rights $18,042 
Other long-term assets  8,338 
    
Total other assets
 $26,380 
    
     
  Pre-merger 
  December 31, 
Liabilities 2007 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses $10,565 
Film liability  18,027 
Other current liabilities  8,821 
    
Total current liabilities
 $37,413 
    
     
Film liability $19,902 
Other long-term liabilities  34,428 
    
Total long-term liabilities
 $54,330 
    
NOTE D — INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL
Definite-lived intangible assets
The Company has transit and street furniture contracts, site-leases and other contractual rights in its Americas and International outdoor segments (with an estimated 6 year weighted average useful life at the date of the Company’s acquisition of Clear Channel), talent and program right contracts in its radio segment (with an estimated 8 year weighted average useful life at the date of the Company’s acquisition of Clear Channel), advertiser and customer

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relationships in its radio segment (with an estimated 10 year weighted average useful life at the date of the Company’s acquisition of Clear Channel) and contracts for non-affiliated radio and television stations in the Company’s media representation operations (with an estimated 6 year weighted average useful life at the date of the Company’s acquisition of Clear Channel). These definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over the shorter of either the respective lives of the agreements or over the period of time the assets are expected to contribute directly or indirectly to the Company’s future cash flows.
The following table presents the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for each major class of definite-lived intangible assets at December 31, 2008 and 2007:
                 
  Post-merger  Pre-merger 
  December 31, 2008  December 31, 2007 
  Gross Carrying  Accumulated  Gross Carrying  Accumulated 
(In thousands) Amount  Amortization  Amount  Amortization 
Transit, street furniture, and other outdoor contractual rights $883,130  $49,818  $867,283  $613,897 
Customer / advertiser relationships  1,210,205   49,970       
Talent contracts  161,644   7,479       
Representation contracts  216,955   21,537   400,316   212,403 
Other  548,180   9,590   84,004   39,433 
             
Total $3,020,114  $138,394  $1,351,603  $865,733 
             
Total amortization expense from continuing operations related to definite-lived intangible assets was:
                  
  Five months ended  Seven months ended  
  December 31,  July 30, Years ended December 31,
  2008  2008 2007 2006
(In millions) Post-merger  Pre-merger Pre-merger Pre-merger
                  
Amortization expense $150.3   $58.3  $105.0  $150.7 
     As acquisitions and dispositions occur in the future and as purchase price allocations are finalized, amortization expense may vary. The following table presents the Company’s estimate of amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years for definite-lived intangible assets:
     
(In thousands)    
2009 $339,443 
2010  316,413 
2011  301,721 
2012  287,174 
2013  267,096 
Indefinite-lived Intangibles
The Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) broadcast licenses and billboard permits. FCC broadcast licenses are granted to both radio and television stations for up to eight years under the Telecommunications Act of 1996. The Act requires the FCC to renew a broadcast license if: it finds that the station has served the public interest, convenience and necessity; there have been no serious violations of either the Communications Act of 1934 or the FCC’s rules and regulations by the licensee; and there have been no other serious violations which taken together constitute a pattern of abuse. The licenses may be renewed indefinitely at little or no cost. The Company does not believe that the technology of wireless broadcasting will be replaced in the foreseeable future. The Company’s billboard permits are issued in perpetuity by state and local governments and are transferable or renewable at little or no cost. Permits typically include the location which allows the Company the right to operate an advertising structure. The Company’s permits are located on either owned or leased land. In cases where the Company’s permits are located on leased land, the leases are typically from 10 to 20 years and renew indefinitely, with rental payments generally escalating at an inflation based index. If

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the Company loses its lease, the Company will typically obtain permission to relocate the permit or bank it with the municipality for future use.
The Company does not amortize its FCC broadcast licenses or billboard permits. The Company tests these indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually using a direct valuation method. This direct valuation method assumes that rather than acquiring indefinite-lived intangible assets as a part of a going concern business, the buyer hypothetically obtains indefinite-lived intangible assets and builds a new operation with similar attributes from scratch. Thus, the buyer incurs start-up costs during the build-up phase which are normally associated with going concern value. Initial capital costs are deducted from the discounted cash flows model which results in value that is directly attributable to the indefinite-lived intangible assets.
Under the direct valuation method, the Company aggregates its indefinite-lived intangible assets at the market level for purposes of impairment testing. The Company’s key assumptions using the direct valuation method are market revenue growth rates, market share, profit margin, duration and profile of the build-up period, estimated start-up capital costs and losses incurred during the build-up period, the risk-adjusted discount rate and terminal values. This data is populated using industry normalized information.
The Company performed an impairment test as of December 31, 2008. As a result,2011, the Company recognized a non-cash impairment charge to goodwill of $1.7 billion on its indefinite-lived FCC licenses and permits. The United States and global economies are undergoing$1.1 million due to a period of economic uncertainty, which has caused, among other things, a general tighteningdecline in the credit markets, limited access to the credit markets, lower levels of liquidity and lower consumer and business spending. These disruptions in the credit and financial markets and the continuing impact of adverse economic, financial and industry conditions on the demand for advertising negatively impacted the key assumptions in the discounted cash flow models used to value our FCC licenses and permits.
Goodwill
The Company tests goodwill for impairment using a two-step process. The first step, used to screen for potential impairment, compares the fair value of one country within the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. The second step, used to measure the amount of the impairment loss, compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The Company’s reporting units for radio broadcasting and Americas outdoor advertising are the reportable segments. The Company determined that each country in its International outdoor segment constitutes a reporting unit. Goodwill of approximately $10.8 billion resulted from the merger, $896.5 million of which is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
                     
      Americas  International       
(In thousands) Radio  Outdoor  Outdoor  Other  Total 
Pre-merger
                    
Balance as of December 31, 2006  6,140,613   667,986   425,630   6   7,234,235 
Acquisitions  5,608   20,361   13,733   1,994   41,696 
Dispositions  (3,974)           (3,974)
Foreign currency     78   35,430      35,508 
Adjustments  (96,720)  (89)  (540)     (97,349)
                
Balance as of December 31, 2007 $6,045,527  $688,336  $474,253  $2,000  $7,210,116 
                     
Acquisitions  7,051      12,341      19,392 
Dispositions  (20,931)           (20,931)
Foreign currency     (293)  28,596      28,303 
Adjustments  (423)  (970)        (1,393)
                
Balance as of July 30, 2008 $6,031,224  $687,073  $515,190  $2,000  $7,235,487 

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segment.


In 2007, the Company recorded a $97.3 million adjustment to its balance of goodwill related to tax positions established as part of various radio station acquisitions for which the IRS audit periods have now closed.
                     
      Americas  International       
(In thousands) Radio  Outdoor  Outdoor  Other  Total 
Post-merger
                    
Balances at July 31, 2008 $  $  $  $  $ 
Preliminary purchase price allocation  6,335,220   2,805,780   603,712   60,115   9,804,827 
Purchase price adjustments — net  356,040   438,025   (76,116)  271,175   989,124 
Impairment  (1,115,033)  (2,321,602)  (173,435)     (3,610,070)
Acquisitions  3,486            3,486 
Foreign exchange     (29,605)  (63,519)     (93,124)
Other  (523)     (3,099)     (3,622)
                
Balance as of December 31, 2008 $5,579,190  $892,598  $287,543  $331,290  $7,090,621 
                
The Company performed an interim impairment test as of December 31, 2008. The estimated fair value of the Company’s reporting units on October 1, 2010 increased from the fair value at October 1, 2009. The increase in the fair value of the Company’s CCME reporting unit was primarily the result of a 50 basis point decline in the discount rate and a $210.0 million increase related to industry projections. The increase in the fair value of the Company’s Americas outdoor reporting unit was primarily the result of a $638.6 million increase related to forecast revenues and operating margins. As a result of increase in fair value across the CCME and Americas outdoor reporting units, no goodwill impairments were recognized in these segments. Within the Company’s International outdoor segment, one country experienced a decline in fair value which resulted in a $2.1 million non-cash impairment to goodwill recorded for the year ended December 31, 2010.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The following table presents the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill in each of the Company’s reportable segments. The provisions of ASC 350-20-50-1 require the disclosure of cumulative impairment. As a result of the merger, a new basis in goodwill was recorded in accordance with ASC 805-10. All impairments shown in the table below their carrying values,have been recorded subsequent to the merger and, therefore, do not include any pre-merger impairment.

$0,000,000$0,000,000$0,000,000$0,000,000$0,000,000
(In thousands)  

CCME

  

Americas

Outdoor
Advertising

  

International
Outdoor
Advertising

  

Other

   

Consolidated

 

Balance as of December 31, 2009

  $3,146,869   $585,249   $276,343   $116,544    $4,125,005  

Impairment

           (2,142       (2,142

Acquisitions

               342     342  

Dispositions

   (5,325               (5,325

Foreign currency

       285    3,299         3,584  

Other

   (1,346      (792       (2,138
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2010

  $3,140,198   $585,534   $276,708   $116,886    $4,119,326  

Impairment

           (1,146       (1,146

Acquisitions

   82,844        2,995    212     86,051  

Dispositions

   (10,542               (10,542

Foreign currency

       (670  (6,228       (6,898

Other

   (73               (73
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2011

  $3,212,427   $584,864   $272,329   $117,098    $4,186,718  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The balance at December 31, 2009 is net of cumulative impairments of $3.5 billion, $2.7 billion, $247.2 million and $212.0 million in the Company’s CCME, Americas outdoor, International outdoor and Other segments, respectively.

Interim Impairment Test to Goodwill

The discounted cash flow model indicated that the Company failed the first step of the impairment test for certain of its reporting units as of June 30, 2009, which required it to compare the implied fair value of each reporting units’unit’s goodwill with its carrying value.

As of June 30, 2009, the Company calculated the weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) of 11%, 12.5% and 13.5% for each of the reporting units in the CCME, Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments, respectively. The Company also utilized the market approach to provide a test of reasonableness to the results of the discounted cash flow model. The market approach can be estimated through the quoted market price method, the market comparable method, and the market transaction method. The three variations of the market approach indicated that the fair value determined by the Company’s discounted cash flow model was within a reasonable range of outcomes.

The Company forecasted revenue, expenses, and cash flows over a ten-year period for each of its reporting units. The revenue forecasts for 2009 declined 8%, 7% and 9% for CCME, Americas outdoor and International outdoor, respectively, compared to the forecasts used in the 2008 impairment test primarily as a result of the revenues realized during the first six months of 2009. These market driven changes were primarily responsible for the decline in fair value of the reporting units below their carrying value. As a result, the Company recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $3.6 billion to reduce its goodwill. The macroeconomic factors discussed above had an adverse effect on the estimated cash flows and discount rates used in the discounted cash flow model.

goodwill of $3.1 billion at June 30, 2009.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

NOTE E —3 – INVESTMENTS

The Company’s most significant investments in nonconsolidated affiliates are listed below:

Australian Radio Network

The Company owns a fifty-percent (50%) interest in Australian Radio Network (“ARN”), an Australian company that owns and operates radio stations in Australia and New Zealand.

Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones
Clear Channel sold a portion of its investment in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones (“ACIR”) for approximately $47.0 million on July 1, 2008 and recorded a gain of $9.2 million in “equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates” during the pre-merger period ended July 30, 2008. As a result, the Company now owns a twenty-percent (20%) interest in ACIR. ACIR owns and operates radio stations throughout Mexico.
All Others
Included within the “All Others” category in the table below at December 31, 2007 was Clear Channel’s 50% interest in Clear Channel Independent, a South African outdoor advertising company. Clear Channel sold its 50% interest in Clear Channel Independent in the pre-merger period ended July 30, 2008. The sale resulted in a gain of $75.6 million recorded in “Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates” based on the fair value of the equity securities received. The equity securities received are classified as available-for-sale and recorded as a component of “Other investments” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2008.

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Summarized Financial Information

The following table summarizes the Company’s investments in nonconsolidated affiliates:

                 
          All    
(In thousands) ARN  ACIR  Others  Total 
At December 31, 2007 $165,474  $72,905  $108,008  $346,387 
Acquisition (disposition) of investments, net     (47,559)  (117,577)  (165,136)
Cash advances (repayments)  (16,164)  28   (8,962)  (25,098)
Equity in net earnings (loss)  12,108   11,264   70,843   94,215 
Foreign currency transaction adjustment  (1,454)        (1,454)
Foreign currency translation adjustment  3,519   2,481   (4,392)  1,608 
             
At July 30, 2008 $163,483  $39,119  $47,920  $250,522 
             
                 
Fair value adjustments  167,683   7,085   3,797   178,565 
                 
Balances at July 31, 2008  331,166   46,204   51,717   429,087 
Acquisition (disposition) of investments, net        500   500 
Cash advances (repayments)  (11,188)  27   6,752   (4,409)
Equity in net earnings (loss)  7,397   517   (2,110)  5,804 
Foreign currency transaction adjustment  11,179         11,179 
Foreign currency translation adjustment  (47,746)  (5,230)  (5,048)  (58,024)
             
At December 31, 2008 $290,808  $41,518  $51,811  $384,137 
             

$000,00000$000,00000$000,00000
(In thousands)      ARN       All
    Others     
       Total     

Balance at December 31, 2009

    $320,778         $24,571          $345,349      

Reclass to cost method investments and other

   —          1,574           1,574      

Dispositions of investments, net

   —          (987)         (987)    

Cash advances

   —        2,556         2,556      

Equity in net earnings (loss)

   15,685        (9,983)       5,702      

Foreign currency transaction adjustment

   (6,881)       —         (6,881)    

Foreign currency translation adjustment

   21,589        (434)       21,155      

Distributions received

   (8,386)       (2,331)       (10,717)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2010

    $342,785         $14,966          $357,751      

Cash advances (repayments)

   —        (929)       (929)    

Dispositions of investments, net

   —        (6,316)       (6,316)    

Equity in earnings

   20,958        6,000       26,958    

Foreign currency transaction adjustment

   (153)       —         (153)    

Foreign currency translation adjustment

   (1,125)       290       (835)    

Distributions received

   (15,088)       (1,701)       (16,789)    

Other

   —        —         —      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2011

    $347,377         $12,310          $359,687      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The investments in the table above are not consolidated, but are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, whereby the Company records its investments in these entities in the balance sheet as “Investments in, and advances to, nonconsolidated affiliates.“Other assets.” The Company’s interests in their operations are recorded in the statement of operations as “Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates”. Accumulated undistributed earnings included in retained deficit for these investments were $3.6 million, $133.6 million and $112.8 million for December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

The fair value adjustments to the Company’s investment in ARN primarily relate to the Company’s proportionate share of indefinite-lived intangible assets and equity method goodwill.

85


Other Investments
Other investments of $33.5 million and $237.6 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, include marketable equity securities and other investments classified as follows:
         
(In thousands) Fair    
Investments Value  Cost 
2008        
Available-for sale $27,110  $27,110 
Other cost investments  6,397   6,397 
       
Total $33,507  $33,507 
       
                 
  Fair  Unrealized  Realized    
  Value  Gains  (Losses)  Cost 
2007                
Available-for sale $140,731  $104,996  $  $35,735 
Trading  85,649   78,391      7,258 
Other cost investments  11,218         11,218 
             
Total $237,598  $183,387  $  $54,211 
             
The accumulated net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax, of $69.4 million was recorded in shareholders’ equity in “Accumulated other comprehensive income” at December 31, 2007. The Company sold its American Tower Corporation securities in the second quarter of 2008 and recorded a gain of $30.4 million on the statement of operations in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities”. The net unrealized gain (loss) on trading securities of $10.7 million and $20.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, is recorded on the statement of operations in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities”. Other cost investments include various investments in companies for which there is no readily determinable market value.
The fair value of certain of the Company’s available-for-sale securities were below their cost each month subsequent to the closing of the merger. As a result, the Company considered the guidance in SAB Topic 5M and reviewed the length of the time and the extent to which the market value was less than cost and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer. After this assessment, the Company concluded that the impairment was other than temporary and recorded a $116.6 million impairment charge on the statement of operations in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities”.
NOTE F —4 – ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION

The Company’s asset retirement obligation is reported in “Other long-term liabilities” with the current portion recorded in “Accrued liabilities” and relates to its obligation to dismantle and remove outdoor advertising displays from leased land and to reclaim the site to its original condition upon the termination or non-renewal of a lease. TheWhen the liability is recorded, the cost is capitalized as part of the related long-lived assets’ carrying value. Due to the high rate of lease renewals over a long period of time, the calculation assumes that all related assets will be removed at some period over the next 50 years. An estimate of third-party cost information is used with respect to the dismantling of the structures and the reclamation of the site. The interest rate used to calculate the present value of such costs over the retirement period is based on an estimated risk adjusted credit rate for the same period.

86


The following table presents the activity related to the Company’s asset retirement obligation:
             
  Post-merger  Pre-merger    
  Period from  Period from  Pre-merger 
  July 31 to  January 1 to  December 31, 
(In thousands) December 31, 2008  July 30, 2008  2007 
Beginning balance $59,278  $70,497  $59,280 
Adjustment due to change in estimate of related costs  (3,123)  1,853   8,958 
Accretion of liability  2,233   3,084   4,236 
Liabilities settled  (2,796)  (2,558)  (1,977)
          
Ending balance $55,592  $72,876  $70,497 
          
The Company decreased the liability by $13.6 million as a result of a change in the discount rate used to fair value the liability in purchase accounting.

87


(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 
       2011           2010     

Beginning balance

    $52,099          $51,301      

Adjustment due to change in estimate of related costs

   (3,174)       (1,839)    

Accretion of liability

   5,001         5,202      

Liabilities settled

   (2,631)       (2,565)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance

    $51,295          $52,099      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

NOTE G —5 – LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt at December 31, 20082011 and 20072010 consisted of the following:

         
  Post-merger  Pre-merger 
  December 31,  December 31, 
(In thousands) 2008  2007 
Senior Secured Credit Facilities:        
Term loan A $1,331,500  $ 
Term loan B  10,700,000    
Term loan C  695,879    
Revolving Credit Facility  220,000    
Delayed Draw Facility  532,500    
Receivables Based Facility  445,609    
Other Secured Long-term Debt  6,604   8,297 
       
Total Consolidated Secured Debt  13,932,092   8,297 
         
Senior Cash Pay Notes  980,000    
Senior Toggle Notes  1,330,000    
Clear Channel Senior Notes:        
4.625% Senior Notes Due 2008     500,000 
6.625% Senior Notes Due 2008     125,000 
4.25% Senior Notes Due 2009  500,000   500,000 
7.65% Senior Notes Due 2010  133,681   750,000 
4.5% Senior Notes Due 2010  250,000   250,000 
6.25% Senior Notes Due 2011  722,941   750,000 
4.4% Senior Notes Due 2011  223,279   250,000 
5.0% Senior Notes Due 2012  275,800   300,000 
5.75% Senior Notes Due 2013  475,739   500,000 
5.5% Senior Notes Due 2014  750,000   750,000 
4.9% Senior Notes Due 2015  250,000   250,000 
5.5% Senior Notes Due 2016  250,000   250,000 
6.875% Senior Debentures Due 2018  175,000   175,000 
7.25% Senior Debentures Due 2027  300,000   300,000 
Subsidiary level notes     644,860 
Other long-term debt  69,260   97,822 
$1.75 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility     174,619 
Purchase accounting adjustments and original issue (discount) premium  (1,114,172)  (11,849)
Fair value adjustments related to interest rate swaps     11,438 
       
   19,503,620   6,575,187 
Less: current portion  562,923   1,360,199 
       
Total long-term debt $18,940,697  $5,214,988 
       

$00,000,000,00$00,000,000,00
(In thousands)      As of December 31,     
       2011           2010     

Senior Secured Credit Facilities:

    

Term Loan A Facility Due 2014(1)

    $1,087,090        $1,127,657      

Term Loan B Facility Due 2016

   8,735,912         9,061,911      

Term Loan C - Asset Sale Facility Due 2016(1)

   670,845         695,879      

Revolving Credit Facility Due 2014

   1,325,550         1,842,500      

Delayed Draw Term Loan Facilities Due 2016

   976,776         1,013,227      

Receivables Based Facility Due 2014

   —         384,232      

Priority Guarantee Notes Due 2021

   1,750,000         —      

Other Secured Subsidiary Debt

   30,976         4,692      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Consolidated Secured Debt

   14,577,149         14,130,098      

Senior Cash Pay Notes Due 2016

   796,250         796,250      

Senior Toggle Notes Due 2016

   829,831         829,831      

Clear Channel Senior Notes:

    

6.25% Senior Notes Due 2011

   —         692,737      

4.4% Senior Notes Due 2011

   —         140,241      

5.0% Senior Notes Due 2012

   249,851         249,851      

5.75% Senior Notes Due 2013

   312,109         312,109      

5.5% Senior Notes Due 2014

   461,455         541,455      

4.9% Senior Notes Due 2015

   250,000         250,000      

5.5% Senior Notes Due 2016

   250,000         250,000      

6.875% Senior Debentures Due 2018

   175,000         175,000      

7.25% Senior Debentures Due 2027

   300,000         300,000      

Subsidiary Senior Notes:

    

9.25% Series A Senior Notes Due 2017

   500,000         500,000      

9.25% Series B Senior Notes Due 2017

   2,000,000         2,000,000      

Other Clear Channel Subsidiary Debt

   19,860         63,115      

Purchase accounting adjustments and original issue discount

   (514,336)       (623,335)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   20,207,169         20,607,352      

Less: current portion of long-term debt

   268,638         867,735      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term debt

    $19,938,531          $19,739,617      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1) These facilities are subject to an amortization schedule with the final payment on the Term Loan A and Term Loan C due 2014 and 2016, respectively.

The Company’s weighted average interest rate at December 31, 20082011 was 6.0%6.2%. The aggregate market value of the Company’s debt based on quoted market prices for which quotes were available was approximately $17.2$16.2 billion and $5.9$18.7 billion at December 31, 20082011 and 2007,2010, respectively.

88


The following is a summary of the terms of the Company’s debt incurred in connection with the merger:
a $1.33 billion term loan A facility, with a maturity in July 2014;
a $10.7 billion term loan B facility with a maturity in January 2016;
a $695.9 million term loan C — asset sale facility, with a maturity in January 2016;
a $750.0 million delayed draw term loan facility with a maturity in January 2016 which may be drawn to purchase or redeem Clear Channel’s outstanding 7.65% senior notes due 2010, of which $532.5 million was drawn as of December 31, 2008;
a $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility with a maturity in January 2016 may be drawn to purchase or redeem Clear Channel’s outstanding 4.25% senior notes due 2009, of which none was drawn as of December 31, 2008;
a $2.0 billion revolving credit facility with a maturity in July 2014, including a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility. At December 31, 2008, the outstanding balance on this facility was $220.0 million and, taking into account letters of credit of $304.1 million, $1.5 billion was available for future borrowings. Interest rates on this facility varied from 3.9% to 4.6%;
a $783.5 million receivables based credit facility with a maturity in July 2014 providing revolving credit commitments in an amount equal to the initial borrowing of $533.5 million on the merger closing date plus $250.0 million, subject to a borrowing base. At December 31, 2008 the outstanding balance on this facility was $445.6 million, which was the maximum available under the borrowing base; and
$980.0 million aggregate principal amount of 10.75% senior cash pay notes due 2016 and $1.33 billion aggregate principal amount of 11.00%/11.75% senior toggle notes due 2016.
Each of the proceeding obligations are among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and each lenderits subsidiaries have from time to time partyrepurchased certain debt obligations of Clear Channel and outstanding equity securities of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (“CCOH”), and may in the future, as part of various financing and investment strategies, purchase additional outstanding indebtedness of Clear Channel or its subsidiaries or the Company’s outstanding equity securities or outstanding equity securities of CCOH, in tender offers, open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. The Company or its subsidiaries may also sell certain assets or properties and use the proceeds to reduce its indebtedness. These purchases or sales, if any, could have a material positive or negative impact on the Company’s liquidity available to repay outstanding debt obligations or on the Company’s consolidated results of operations. These transactions could also require or result in amendments to the credit agreements governing outstanding debt

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

obligations or senior cash pay and senior toggle notes. The following references to the Companychanges in the discussion ofCompany’s leverage or other financial ratios, which could have a material positive or negative impact on the credit agreements, senior cash pay notesCompany’s ability to comply with the covenants contained in Clear Channel’s debt agreements. These transactions, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, the Company’s liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and senior toggle notes are in respect to Clear Channel Communications, Inc.’s obligations under the credit agreements, senior cash pay and senior toggle notes.

other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Senior Secured Credit Facilities

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel had a total of $12,796 million outstanding under its senior secured credit facilities, consisting of:

a $1,087 million term loan A facility which matures in July 2014;

an $8,736 million term loan B facility which matures in July 2016;

a $670.8 million term loan C—asset sale facility, subject to reduction as described below, which matures in January 2016;

two delayed draw term loan facilities, of which $568.6 million and $408.2 million was drawn as of December 31, 2011, respectively, and which mature in January 2016; and

a $1,928 million revolving credit facility, including a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility, of which $1,326 million was drawn as of December 31, 2011, which matures in July 2014.

Clear Channel may raise incremental term loans or incremental commitments under the revolving credit facility of up to (a) $1.5 billion, plus (b) the excess, if any, of (x) 0.65 times pro forma consolidated EBITDA (as calculated in the manner provided in the senior secured credit facilities documentation), over (y) $1.5 billion, plus (c) the aggregate amount of certain principal prepayments made in respect of the term loans under the senior secured credit facilities. Availability of such incremental term loans or revolving credit commitments is subject, among other things, to the absence of any default, pro forma compliance with the financial covenant and the receipt of commitments by existing or additional financial institutions.

Clear Channel is the primary borrower under the senior secured credit facilities, except that certain of its domestic restricted subsidiaries are co-borrowers under a portion of the term loan facilities. Clear Channel also has the ability to designate one or more of its foreign restricted subsidiaries in certain jurisdictions as borrowers under the revolving credit facility, subject to certain conditions and sublimits and have so designated certain subsidiaries in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.

Interest Rate and Fees

Borrowings under theClear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus, at the Company’sClear Channel’s option, either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (A) the prime lending rate publicly announced by the administrative agent andor (B) the federalFederal funds effective rate from time to time plus 0.50%, or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs.

The margin percentages applicable to the term loan facilities and revolving credit facility are the following percentages per annum:

with respect to loans under the term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility, (i) 2.40% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.40% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans; and

with respect to loans under the term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility, (i) 2.40% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.40% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans, subject to downward adjustments if the Company’s leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1; and
with respect to loans under the term loan B facility, term loan C — asset sale facility and delayed draw term loan facilities, (i) 2.65% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.65% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans subject to downward adjustments if the Company’s leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1.

with respect to loans under the term loan B facility, term loan C - asset sale facility and delayed draw term loan facilities, (i) 2.65%, in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.65%, in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans.

The Companymargin percentages are subject to adjustment based upon Clear Channel’s leverage ratio.

Clear Channel is required to pay each revolving credit lender a commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the revolving credit facility, which is currently 0.50% per annum.annum, but subject to adjustment based on Clear Channel’s leverage ratio. The Company is required to pay each delayed draw term facility lender a commitment fee in respect of any undrawn commitments under the delayed draw term facilities, which initially is 1.825% per annum until the delayed draw term facilities are fully drawn, ortherefore there are currently no commitment fees associated with any unused commitments thereunder terminated.

thereunder.

Prepayments

The senior secured credit facilities require the CompanyClear Channel to prepay outstanding term loans, subject to certain exceptions, with:

50% (which percentage may be reduced to 25% and to 0% based upon Clear Channel’s leverage ratio) of Clear Channel’s annual excess cash flow (as calculated in accordance with the senior secured credit facilities), less any voluntary prepayments of term loans and revolving credit loans (to the extent accompanied by a permanent reduction of the commitment) and subject to customary credits;

89

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

100% of the net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions of specified assets being marketed for sale (including casualty and condemnation events), subject to certain exceptions;

100% (which percentage may be reduced to 75% and 50% based upon Clear Channel’s leverage ratio) of the net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions by Clear Channel or its wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries of assets other than specified assets being marketed for sale, subject to reinvestment rights and certain other exceptions; and


50% (which percentage will be reduced to 25% and to 0% based upon the Company’s leverage ratio) of the Company’s annual excess cash flow (as calculated in accordance with the senior secured credit facilities), less any voluntary prepayments of term loans and revolving credit loans (to the extent accompanied by a permanent reduction of the commitment) and subject to customary credits;
100% (which percentage will be reduced to 75% and 50% based upon the Company’s leverage ratio) of the net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions by the Company or its wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries (including casualty and condemnation events) of assets subject to reinvestment rights and certain other exceptions; and
100% of the net cash proceeds of any incurrence of certain debt, other than debt permitted under the senior secured credit facilities.

100% of the net cash proceeds of (i) any incurrence of certain debt, other than debt permitted under Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities. (ii) certain securitization financing and (iii) certain issuances of Permitted Additional Notes (as defined in the senior secured credit facilities).

The foregoing prepayments with the net cash proceeds of certain incurrences of debt and annual excess cash flow will be applied (i) first to the term loans other than the term loan C - asset sale facility loans (on a pro rata basis) and (ii) second to the term loan C - asset sale facility loans, in each case to the remaining installments thereof in direct order of maturity. The foregoing prepayments with the net cash proceeds of the sale of assets (including casualty and condemnation events) will be applied (i) first to the term loan C - asset sale facility loans and (ii) second to the other term loans (on a pro rata basis), in each case to the remaining installments thereof in direct order of maturity.

The Company

Clear Channel may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under itsthe senior secured credit facilities at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency rate loans.

The Company

Amortization of Term Loans

Clear Channel is required to repay the loans under itsthe term loan facilities, after giving effect to (1) the December 2009 prepayment of $2.0 billion of term loans with proceeds from the issuance of subsidiary senior notes discussed elsewhere in this Note 5 and, (2) the February 2011 prepayment of $500.0 million of revolving credit facility and term loans with the proceeds of the February 2011 Offering discussed elsewhere in this Note 5, as follows:

(In millions)                    

    Year    

  Tranche A Term
Loan
    Amortization*    
   Tranche B Term
Loan
    Amortization**    
   Tranche C Term
Loan
    Amortization**    
   Delayed Draw 1
Term Loan
    Amortization**    
   Delayed Draw 2
Term Loan
    Amortization**    
 

2012

            $1.0            

2013

  $88.5         $12.2            

2014

  $998.6         $7.0            

2015

            $3.4            

2016

       $8,735.9    $647.2    $568.6    $408.2  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $1,087.1    $8,735.9    $670.8    $568.6    $408.2  

*Balancethe term loanof Tranche A facility will amortize in quarterly installments commencing on the first interest payment date after the second anniversary of the closing date of the merger in annual amounts equal to 5% of the original funded principal amount of such facility in years three and four, 10% thereafter, with the balance being payable on the final maturity date of such term loans; and
the term loan B facility, term loan C — asset sale facility and delayed draw term loan facilities will amortize in quarterly installments on the first interest payment date after the third anniversary of the closing date of the merger, in annual amounts equal to 2.5% of the original funded principal amount of such facilities in years four and five and 1% thereafter, with the balance being payable on the final maturity date of such term loans.Term Loan is due July 30, 2014
**Balanceof Tranche B Term Loan, Tranche C Term Loan, Delayed Draw 1 Term Loan and Delayed Draw 2 Term Loan are due January 29, 2016

Collateral and Guarantees

The senior secured credit facilities are guaranteed by Clear Channel and each of the Company’sClear Channel’s existing and future material wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

All obligations under the senior secured credit facilities, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured, subject to permitted liens, including prior liens permitted by the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes, and other exceptions, by:

a lien on the capital stock of Clear Channel;

a first-priority lien on the capital stock of Clear Channel;
100% of the capital stock of any future material wholly-owned domestic license subsidiary that is not a “Restricted Subsidiary” under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes;
certain assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes);
certain assets that constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes) securing obligations under the senior secured credit facilities up to the maximum amount permitted to be secured by such assets without requiring equal and ratable security under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes; and
a second-priority lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing our receivables based credit facility.

100% of the capital stock of any future material wholly-owned domestic license subsidiary that is not a “Restricted Subsidiary” under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes;

certain assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes);

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

certain specified assets of Clear Channel and the guarantors that constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes) securing obligations under the senior secured credit facilities up to the maximum amount permitted to be secured by such assets without requiring equal and ratable security under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes; and

a lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing Clear Channel’s receivables based credit facility that is junior to the lien securing Clear Channel’s obligations under such credit facility.

The obligations of any foreign subsidiaries that are borrowers under the revolving credit facility willare also be guaranteed by certain of their material wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries, and secured by substantially all assets of all such borrowers and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions.

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Certain Covenants and Events of Default

The senior secured credit facilities require the Companycontain a financial covenant that requires Clear Channel to comply on a quarterly basis with a maximum consolidated senior secured net debt to adjustedconsolidated EBITDA (as calculated in accordance with the senior secured credit facilities) ratio.ratio (maximum of 9.5:1). This financial covenant becomes effective on March 31, 2009 (maximum of 9.5:1) and will become more restrictive over time. The Company’sClear Channel’s senior secured debt consists of the senior secured facilities, the receivables based credit facility, the priority guarantee notes and certain other secured subsidiary debt. Secured leverage, definedClear Channel was in compliance with this covenant as secured debt, net of cash, divided by the trailing 12-month consolidated EBITDA was 6.4:1 at December 31, 2008. The Company’s consolidated EBITDA is calculated as its trailing twelve months operating income before depreciation, amortization, impairment charge, non-cash compensation, other operating income — net and merger expenses of $1.8 billion adjusted for certain items, including: (i) an increase for expected cost savings (limited to $100.0 million in any twelve month period) of $100.0 million; (ii) an increase of $43.1 million for cash received from nonconsolidated affiliates; (iii) an increase of $17.0 million for non-cash items; (iv) an increase of $95.9 million related to expenses incurred associated with our restructuring program; and (v) an increase of $82.4 million for various other items.
2011.

In addition, the senior secured credit facilities include negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit the Company’sClear Channel’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things:

incur additional indebtedness;

incur additional indebtedness;
create liens on assets;
engage in mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions;
sell assets;
pay dividends and distributions or repurchase its capital stock;
make investments, loans, or advances;
prepay certain junior indebtedness;
engage in certain transactions with affiliates;
amend material agreements governing certain junior indebtedness; and
change its lines of business.

create liens on assets;

engage in mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions;

sell assets;

pay dividends and distributions or repurchase Clear Channel’s capital stock;

make investments, loans, or advances;

prepay certain junior indebtedness;

engage in certain transactions with affiliates;

amend material agreements governing certain junior indebtedness; and

change lines of business.

The senior secured credit facilities include certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default, including payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to certain indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy, certain events under ERISA, material judgments, the invalidity of material provisions of the senior secured credit facilities documentation, the failure of collateral under the security documents for the senior secured credit facilities, the failure of the senior secured credit facilities to be senior debt under the subordination provisions of certain of the Company’sClear Channel’s subordinated debt and a change of control. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of all amounts due under the senior secured credit facilities and all actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor.

Receivables Based Credit Facility

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel had no borrowings outstanding under Clear Channel’s receivables based credit facility. On June 8, 2011, Clear Channel made a voluntary paydown of all amounts outstanding under this facility using cash on hand. Clear Channel’s voluntary paydown did not reduce its commitments under this facility and Clear Channel may reborrow under this facility at any time.

The receivables based credit facility of $783.5 million provides revolving credit commitments in an amount equal to the initial borrowing of $533.5 million on the closing date plus $250$625.0 million, subject to a borrowing base. The borrowing base at any time equals 85% of theClear Channel’s and certain of Clear Channel’s subsidiaries’ eligible accounts receivable for certain subsidiaries of the Company.receivable. The receivables based credit facility includes a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility.

The maturity of the receivables based credit facility is July 2014.

All borrowings under the receivables based credit facility are subject to the absence of any default, the accuracy of representations and warranties and compliance with the borrowing base. If at any time,In addition, borrowings excluding the initial borrowing, under the receivables based credit facility, followingexcluding the closing date will beinitial borrowing, are subject to compliance with a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.0:1.0 if at any time excess availability under the receivables based credit facility is less than $50 million, or if aggregate excess availability under the receivables based credit facility and revolving credit facility is less than 10% of the borrowing base.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Clear Channel and certain subsidiary borrowers are the borrowers under the receivables based credit facility. Clear Channel has the ability to designate one or more of its restricted subsidiaries as borrowers under the receivables based credit facility. The receivables based credit facility loans and letters of credit are available in U.S. dollars.

Interest Rate and Fees

Borrowings under the receivables based credit facility bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus, at the Company’sClear Channel’s option, either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (A) the prime lending rate publicly announced by the administrative agent andor (B) the federalFederal funds effective rate from time to time plus 0.50%, or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs.

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The margin percentage applicable to the receivables based credit facility which is (i) 1.40%, in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 2.40% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans subject to downward adjustmentsadjustment if the Company’sClear Channel’s leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1.
The Company

Clear Channel is required to pay each lender a commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the receivables based credit facility, which is currently 0.375% per annum, subject to downward adjustments if the Company’sadjustment based on Clear Channel’s leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 6 to 1.

ratio.

Prepayments

If at any time the sum of the outstanding amounts under the receivables based credit facility (including the letter of credit outstanding amounts and swingline loans thereunder) exceeds the lesser of (i) the borrowing base and (ii) the aggregate commitments under the receivables based credit facility, the CompanyClear Channel will be required to repay outstanding loans and cash collateralize letters of credit in an aggregate amount equal to such excess.

The Company

Clear Channel may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under the receivables based credit facility at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency rate loans.

Any voluntary prepayments Clear Channel makes will not reduce its commitments under this facility.

Collateral and Guarantees

The receivables based credit facility is guaranteed by, subject to certain exceptions, the guarantors of the senior secured credit facilities. All obligations under the receivables based credit facility, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in all of the Company’sClear Channel’s and all of the guarantors’ accounts receivable and related assets and proceeds thereof, that is senior to the security interest of the senior secured credit facilities in such accounts receivable and related assets and proceeds thereof, subject to permitted liens, including prior liens permitted by the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes, and certain exceptions.

The receivables based credit facility includes negative covenants, representations, warranties, events of default, conditions precedent and termination provisions substantially similar to those governing ourthe senior secured credit facilities.

Priority Guarantee Notes

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel had outstanding $1.75 billion aggregate principal amount of 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021.

The Priority Guarantee Notes mature on March 1, 2021 and bear interest at a rate of 9.0% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, beginning on September 1, 2011. The Priority Guarantee Notes are Clear Channel’s senior obligations and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior basis by the guarantors named in the indenture. The Priority Guarantee Notes and the guarantors’ obligations under the guarantees are secured by (i) a lien on (a) the capital stock of Clear Channel and (b) certain property and related assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing certain legacy notes of Clear Channel), in each case equal in priority to the liens securing the obligations under Clear Channel’s senior secured credit facilities, subject to certain exceptions, and (ii) a lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing Clear Channel’s receivables based credit facility junior in priority to the lien securing Clear Channel’s obligations thereunder, subject to certain exceptions.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Clear Channel may redeem the Priority Guarantee Notes at its option, in whole or part, at any time prior to March 1, 2016, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Priority Guarantee Notes redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and plus an applicable premium. Clear Channel may redeem the Priority Guarantee Notes, in whole or in part, on or after March 1, 2016, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. At any time on or before March 1, 2014, Clear Channel may elect to redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the Priority Guarantee Notes at a redemption price equal to 109.0% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the net proceeds of one or more equity offerings.

The indenture governing the Priority Guarantee Notes contains covenants that limit Clear Channel’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions or investments; (ii) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; (iii) modify any of Clear Channel’s existing senior notes; (iv) transfer or sell assets; (v) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; (vi) create restrictions on dividends or other payments by the restricted subsidiaries; and (vii) merge, consolidate or sell substantially all of Clear Channel’s assets. The indenture contains covenants that limit Clear Channel Capital I, LLC’s and Clear Channel’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) create liens on assets and (ii) materially impair the value of the security interests taken with respect to the collateral for the benefit of the notes collateral agent and the holders of the Priority Guarantee Notes. The indenture also provides for customary events of default.

Senior Cash Pay Notes

The Company has and Senior Toggle Notes

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel had outstanding $980.0$796.3 million aggregate principal amount of 10.75% senior cash pay notes due 2016 (the “senior cash pay notes”) and $1.3 billion$829.8 million aggregate principal amount of 11.00%/11.75% senior toggle notes due 2016 (the “senior toggle notes” and, together with the2016.

The senior cash pay notes the “notes”).

and senior toggle notes are unsecured and are guaranteed by Clear Channel Capital I, LLC and each of Clear Channel’s existing and future material wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions. The senior toggle notes mature on August 1, 2016 and may require a special redemption of up to $30.0 million on August 1, 2015. The CompanyClear Channel may elect on each interest election date to pay all or 50% of such interest on the senior toggle notes in cash or by increasing the principal amount of the senior toggle notes or by issuing new senior toggle notes (such increase or issuance, “PIK Interest”). Interest on the senior toggle notes payable in cash will accrue at a rate of 11.00% per annum and PIK Interest will accrue at a rate of 11.75% per annum.
The Company

Clear Channel may redeem some or all of the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes at any time prior to August 1, 2012, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such notes plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date and a “make-wholean “applicable premium,” as described in the indenture governing such notes. The CompanyClear Channel may redeem some or all of the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes at any time on or after August 1, 2012 at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing such notes. In addition, the Company may redeem up to 40% of any series of the outstanding notes at any time on or prior to August 1, 2011 with the net cash proceeds raised in one or more equity offerings. If the CompanyClear Channel undergoes a change of control, sells certain of its assets, or issues certain debt, offerings, it may be required to offer to purchase the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes from holders.

The senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes are senior unsecured debt and rank equal in right of payment with all of the Company’sClear Channel’s existing and future senior debt. Guarantors of obligations under the senior secured credit facilities, and the receivables based credit facility and the priority guarantee notes guarantee the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes with unconditional guarantees that are unsecured and equal in right of payment to all existing and future senior debt of such guarantors, except that the guarantees are subordinated in right of payment only to the guarantees of obligations under the senior secured credit facilities, and the receivables based credit facility.facility and the priority guarantee notes to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. In addition, the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes and the guarantees are structurally senior to the Clear Channel’sChannel senior notes and existing and future debt to the extent that such debt is not guaranteed by the guarantors of the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes. The senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes and the guarantees are effectively subordinated to theClear Channel’s existing and future secured debt and that of the guarantors to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness and are structurally subordinated to all obligations of subsidiaries that do not guarantee the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes.

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On July 16, 2010, Clear Channel made the election to pay interest on the senior toggle notes entirely in cash, effective for the interest period commencing August 1, 2010. Assuming the cash interest election remains in effect for the remaining term of the notes, Clear Channel will be contractually obligated to make a payment to bondholders of $57.4 million on August 1, 2013.

Clear Channel Senior Notes

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel’s senior notes (the “senior notes”) represented approximately $2.0 billion of aggregate principal amount of indebtedness outstanding.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The senior notes were the obligations of Clear Channel prior to the merger. The senior notes are senior, unsecured obligations that are effectively subordinated to Clear Channel’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of Clear Channel’s assets securing such indebtedness and are not guaranteed by any of Clear Channel’s subsidiaries and, as a result, are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities of Clear Channel’s subsidiaries. The senior notes rank equally in right of payment with all of Clear Channel’s existing and future senior indebtedness and senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness. The senior notes are not guaranteed by Clear Channel’s subsidiaries.

Subsidiary LevelSenior Notes

AMFM Operating Inc. (“AMFM”), a wholly-owned subsidiary

As of December 31, 2011, the Company had outstanding 8% senior notes due 2008. An$2.5 billion aggregate principal amount of $639.2 million of the 8%subsidiary senior notes, was repurchased pursuant to a tender offer and consent solicitation in connection with the merger and a losswhich consisted of $8.0 million was recorded in “Other income (expense) — net” in the pre-merger consolidated income statement. The remaining 8% senior notes were redeemed at maturity on November 1, 2008.

Debt Maturities
On January 15, 2008, Clear Channel redeemed its 4.625% senior notes at their maturity for $500.0 million plus accrued interest with proceeds from its bank credit facility.
On June 15, 2008, Clear Channel redeemed its 6.625% Senior Notes at their maturity for $125.0 million with available cash on hand.
Clear Channel’s $1.75 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility was terminated in connection with the closing of the merger. There was no outstanding balance on the facility on the date it was terminated.
Tender Offers
On August 7, 2008, Clear Channel announced that it commenced a cash tender offer and consent solicitation for its outstanding $750.0 million principal amount of 7.65% senior notes due 2010. The tender offer and consent payment expired on September 9, 2008. The aggregate principal amount of 7.65% senior notes validly tendered and accepted for payment was $363.9 million. Clear Channel recorded a loss of $21.8 million in “Other income (expense) — Net” during the pre-merger period as a result of the tender.
On November 24, 2008, Clear Channel announced that it commenced another cash tender offer to purchase its outstanding 7.65%Series A Senior Notes due 2010. The tender offer2017 (the “Series A Notes”) and consent payment expired on December 23, 2008. The$2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 7.65% senior notes validly tendered and accepted for payment was $252.4 million. The Company recorded a gain of $74.7 million in “Other income (expense) — Net” during the post-merger period as a result of the tender.
Clear Channel also announced on November 24, 2008 that its indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, CC Finco, LLC, commenced a cash tender offers for Clear Channel’s outstanding 6.25%Series B Senior Notes due 20112017 (the “Series B Notes” and, collectively with the Series A Notes, the “subsidiary senior notes”). The subsidiary senior notes were issued by Clear Channel Worldwide Holdings, Inc. (“6.25 Notes”CCWH”) and are guaranteed by CCOH, Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. (“CCOI”) and certain of CCOH’s direct and indirect subsidiaries. The subsidiary senior notes bear interest on a daily basis and contain customary provisions, including covenants requiring CCWH to maintain certain levels of credit availability and limitations on incurring additional debt.

The subsidiary senior notes are senior obligations that rank pari passu in right of payment to all unsubordinated indebtedness of CCWH and the guarantees of the subsidiary senior notes rank pari passu in right of payment to all unsubordinated indebtedness of the guarantors.

The indentures governing the subsidiary senior notes require CCWH to maintain at least $100 million in cash or other liquid assets or have cash available to be borrowed under committed credit facilities consisting of (i) $50.0 million at the issuer and guarantor entities (principally the Americas outdoor segment) and (ii) $50.0 million at the non-guarantor subsidiaries (principally the International outdoor segment) (together the “Liquidity Amount”), in each case under the sole control of the relevant entity. In the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization, or similar proceeding of Clear Channel, for the period thereafter that is the shorter of such proceeding and 60 days, the Liquidity Amount shall be reduced to $50.0 million, with a $25.0 million requirement at the issuer and guarantor entities and a $25.0 million requirement at the non-guarantor subsidiaries.

In addition, interest on the subsidiary senior notes accrues daily and is payable into an account established by the trustee for the benefit of the bondholders (the “Trustee Account”). Failure to make daily payment on any day does not constitute an event of default so long as (a) no payment or other transfer by CCOH or any of its subsidiaries shall have been made on such day under the cash management sweep with Clear Channel and (b) on each semiannual interest payment date the aggregate amount of funds in the Trustee Account is equal to at least the aggregate amount of accrued and unpaid interest on the subsidiary senior notes.

The indenture governing the Series A Notes contains covenants that limit CCOH and its restricted subsidiaries ability to, among other things:

incur or guarantee additional debt to persons other than Clear Channel and its subsidiaries (other than CCOH) or issue certain preferred stock;

create liens on its restricted subsidiaries’ assets to secure such debt;

create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to CCOH from its restricted subsidiaries that are not guarantors of the notes;

enter into certain transactions with affiliates;

merge or consolidate with another person, or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets;

sell certain assets, including capital stock of its subsidiaries, to persons other than Clear Channel and its subsidiaries (other than CCOH); and

purchase or otherwise effectively cancel or retire any of the Series A Notes if after doing so the ratio of (a) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series A Notes to (b) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series B Notes shall be greater than 0.250.

In addition, the indenture governing the Series A Notes provides that if CCWH (i) makes an optional redemption of the Series B Notes or purchases or makes an offer to purchase the Series B Notes at or above 100% of the principal amount thereof, then CCWH shall apply a pro rata amount to make an optional redemption or purchase a pro rata amount of the Series A Notes or (ii) makes an asset sale offer under the indenture governing the Series B Notes, then CCWH shall apply a pro rata amount to make an offer to purchase a pro rata amount of Series A Notes.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The indenture governing the Series A Notes does not include limitations on dividends, distributions, investments or asset sales.

The indenture governing the Series B Notes contains covenants that limit CCOH and its restricted subsidiaries ability to, among other things:

incur or guarantee additional debt or issue certain preferred stock;

redeem, repurchase or retire CCOH’s subordinated debt;

make certain investments;

create liens on its or its restricted subsidiaries’ assets to secure debt;

create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to it from its restricted subsidiaries that are not guarantors of the subsidiary senior notes;

enter into certain transactions with affiliates;

merge or consolidate with another person, or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets;

sell certain assets, including capital stock of its subsidiaries;

designate its subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries;

pay dividends, redeem or repurchase capital stock or make other restricted payments; and

purchase or otherwise effectively cancel or retire any of the Series B Notes if after doing so the ratio of (a) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series A Notes to (b) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series B Notes shall be greater than 0.250. This stipulation ensures, among other things, that as long as the Series A Notes are outstanding, the Series B Notes are outstanding.

The Series A Notes indenture and Series B Notes indenture restrict CCOH’s ability to incur additional indebtedness but permit CCOH to incur additional indebtedness based on an incurrence test. In order to incur additional indebtedness under this test, CCOH’s debt to adjusted EBITDA ratios (as defined by the indentures) must be lower than 6.5:1 and 3.25:1 for total debt and senior debt, respectively. The indentures contain certain other exceptions that allow CCOH to incur additional indebtedness. The Series B Notes indenture also permits CCOH to pay dividends from the proceeds of indebtedness or the proceeds from asset sales if its debt to adjusted EBITDA ratios (as defined by the indentures) are lower than 6.0:1 and 3.0:1 for total debt and senior debt, respectively. The Series A Notes indenture does not limit CCOH’s ability to pay dividends. The Series B Notes indenture contains certain exceptions that allow CCOH to incur additional indebtedness and pay dividends, including a $500.0 million exception for the payment of dividends. CCOH was in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2011.

A portion of the proceeds of the subsidiary senior notes offering were used to (i) pay the fees and expenses of the offering, (ii) fund $50.0 million of the Liquidity Amount (the $50.0 million liquidity amount of the non-guarantor subsidiaries was satisfied) and (iii) apply $2.0 billion of the cash proceeds (which amount is equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Series B Notes) to repay an equal amount of indebtedness under Clear Channel’s outstanding 4.40% Seniorsenior secured credit facilities. In accordance with the senior secured credit facilities, the $2.0 billion cash proceeds were applied ratably to the term loan A, term loan B, and both delayed draw term loan facilities, and within each such class, such prepayment was applied to remaining scheduled installments of principal.

The balance of the proceeds is available to CCOI for general corporate purposes. In this regard, all of the remaining proceeds could be used to pay dividends from CCOI to CCOH. In turn, CCOH could declare a dividend to its shareholders, of which Clear Channel would receive its proportionate share. Payment of such dividends would not be prohibited by the terms of the subsidiary senior notes or any of the loan agreements or credit facilities of CCOI or CCOH.

Refinancing Transactions

During the first quarter of 2011, Clear Channel amended its senior secured credit facilities and its receivables based credit facility and issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2011 (“4.40% Notes”), Clear Channel’s outstanding 5.00% Senior Notes due 2012 (“5.00% Notes”) and Clear Channel’s outstanding 5.75% Senior Notes due 2013 (“5.75%2021 (the “Initial Notes”). The tender offersCompany capitalized $39.5 million in fees and consent payments expired on December 23, 2008. The aggregate principal amountsexpenses associated with the offering of the 6.25% Notes, 4.40% Notes, 5.00%Initial Notes and 5.75% Notes validly tendered and accepted for payment pursuant to the tender offers was $27.1 million, $26.7 million, $24.2 million and $24.3 million, respectively, and CC Finco, LLC purchased and currently holds such tendered notes. The Company recorded an aggregate gain of $49.7 million in “Other income (expense) — Net” during the post-merger period as a result of the tenders.

Other
All purchase accounting fair value adjustments to debt, fees and initial offering discounts are being amortized asis amortizing them through interest expense over the life of the respective notes.

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Initial Notes.


Clear Channel used the proceeds of the Initial Notes offering to prepay $500.0 million of the indebtedness outstanding under its senior secured credit facilities. The $500.0 million prepayment was allocated on a ratable basis between outstanding term loans and revolving credit commitments under Clear Channel’s revolving credit facility, thus permanently reducing the revolving credit commitments under Clear Channel’s revolving credit facility to $1.9 billion. The prepayment resulted in the accelerated expensing of $5.7 million of loan fees recorded in “Other income (expense) – net”.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The proceeds from the offering of the Initial Notes, along with available cash on hand, were also used to repay at maturity $692.7 million in aggregate principal amount of Clear Channel’s 6.25% senior notes, which matured during the first quarter of 2011.

Clear Channel obtained, concurrent with the offering of the Initial Notes, amendments to its credit agreements with respect to its senior secured credit facilities and its receivables based credit facility (revolving credit commitments under the receivables based facility were reduced from $783.5 million to $625.0 million), which were required as a condition to complete the offering. The amendments, among other things, permit Clear Channel to request future extensions of the maturities of its senior secured credit facilities, provide Clear Channel with greater flexibility in the use of its accordion capacity, provide Clear Channel with greater flexibility to incur new debt, provided that the proceeds from such new debt are used to pay down senior secured credit facility indebtedness, and provide greater flexibility for CCOH and its subsidiaries to incur new debt, provided that the net proceeds distributed to Clear Channel from the issuance of such new debt are used to pay down senior secured credit facility indebtedness.

In June 2011, Clear Channel issued an additional $750.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 (the “Additional Notes”) at an issue price of 93.845% of the principal amount of the Additional Notes. Interest on the Additional Notes accrued from February 23, 2011, and accrued interest was paid by the purchaser at the time of delivery of the Additional Notes on June 14, 2011. The Initial Notes and the Additional Notes have identical terms and are treated as a single class. Of the $703.8 million of proceeds from the issuance of the Additional Notes ($750.0 million aggregate principal amount net of $46.2 million of discount), Clear Channel used $500 million for general corporate purposes (to replenish cash on hand that Clear Channel previously used to pay senior notes at maturity on March 15, 2011 and May 15, 2011) and intends to use the remaining $203.8 million to repay at maturity a portion of Clear Channel’s 5% senior notes which mature in March 2012.

The Company capitalized an additional $7.1 million in fees and expenses associated with the offering of the Additional Notes and is amortizing them through interest expense over the life of the Additional Notes.

Debt Repurchases, Maturities and Other

Between 2009 and 2011, CC Investments, Inc. (“CC Investments”), CC Finco, LLC and Clear Channel Acquisition, LLC (previously known as CC Finco II, LLC), indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company, repurchased certain of Clear Channel’s outstanding senior notes, senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes through open market repurchases, privately negotiated transactions and tenders as shown in the table below. Notes repurchased and held by CC Investments, CC Finco, LLC and Clear Channel Acquisition, LLC are eliminated in consolidation.

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 
     2011       2010       2009   

CC Investments

      

Principal amount of debt repurchased

    $—          $185,185          $—      

Deferred loan costs and other

   —         104         —      

Gain recorded in “Other income (expense) – net”(2)

   —         (60,289)       —      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for repurchases of long-term debt

    $—          $  125,000          $—      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

CC Finco, LLC

      
      

 

 

 

Principal amount of debt repurchased

    $  80,000          $—          $801,302      

Purchase accounting adjustments(1)

   (20,476)       —         (146,314)    

Deferred loan costs and other

   —         —         (1,468)    

Gain recorded in “Other income (expense) – net”(2)

   (4,274)       —         (368,591)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for repurchases of long-term debt

    $55,250          $—          $  284,929      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Clear Channel Acquisition, LLC

      

Principal amount of debt repurchased(3)

    $—          $—          $433,125      

Deferred loan costs and other

   —         —         (813)    

Gain recorded in “Other income (expense) – net”(2)

   —         —         (373,775)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for repurchases of long-term debt

    $—          $—          $58,537      
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

(1)Represents unamortized fair value purchase accounting discounts recorded as a result of the merger.
(2)CC Investments, CC Finco, LLC and Clear Channel Acquisition, LLC, repurchased certain of Clear Channel’s senior notes, senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes at a discount, resulting in a gain on the extinguishment of debt.
(3)Clear Channel Acquisition, LLC immediately cancelled these notes subsequent to the purchase.

During 2011, Clear Channel repaid its 4.4% senior notes at maturity for $140.2 million (net of $109.8 million principal amount held by and repaid to a subsidiary of Clear Channel), plus accrued interest, with available cash on hand.

As noted in the “Refinancing Transactions” section above, Clear Channel repaid its 6.25% senior notes at maturity for $692.7 (net of $57.3 million principal amount held by and repaid to a subsidiary of Clear Channel) with proceeds from the February 2011 Offering.

Prior to, and in connection with the June 2011 Offering, Clear Channel repaid all amounts outstanding under its receivables based credit facility on June 8, 2011, using cash on hand. This voluntary repayment did not reduce Clear Channel’s commitments under this facility and Clear Channel may reborrow amounts under this facility at any time. In addition, on June 27, 2011, Clear Channel made a voluntary payment of $500.0 million on its revolving credit facility, which did not reduce Clear Channel’s commitments under this facility and Clear Channel may reborrow amounts under this facility at any time.

During 2010, Clear Channel repaid its remaining 7.65% senior notes upon maturity for $138.8 million, including $5.1 million of accrued interest, with proceeds from its delayed draw term loan facility that was specifically designated for this purpose. Also during 2010, Clear Channel repaid its remaining 4.50% senior notes upon maturity for $240.0 million with available cash on hand.

During 2009, Clear Channel repaid the remaining principal amount of its 4.25% senior notes at maturity with a draw under the $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility that was specifically designated for this purpose.

Future maturities of long-term debt at December 31, 2008 are2011are as follows:

     
(In thousands)    
2009 $569,527 
2010  417,779 
2011  1,162,280 
2012  674,282 
2013  822,372 
Thereafter  16,971,552 
    
Total(1)
 $20,617,792 
    

(In thousands)    

2012

  $275,649  

2013

   420,495  

2014

   2,809,772  

2015

   253,535  

2016

   12,236,000  

Thereafter

   4,726,054  
  

 

 

 

Total(1)

  $    20,721,505  

(1) (1)Excludes a negative purchase accounting fair value adjustmentadjustments and original issue discount of $1.1 billion,$514.3 million, which is amortized through interest expense over the life of the underlying debt obligations.

NOTE H — FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company has entered into $6.0 billion aggregate notional amount of interest rate swaps. The Company continually monitors its positions with, and credit quality of, the financial institutions which are counterparties to its interest rate swaps. The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties to the interest rate swaps. However, the Company considers this risk to be low.
Interest Rate Swaps
The Company’s aggregate $6.0 billion notional amount interest rate swap agreements are designated as a cash flow hedge and the effective portion of the gain or loss on the swap is reported as a component of other comprehensive income. The Company entered into the swaps to effectively convert a portion of its floating-rate debt to a fixed basis, thus reducing the impact of interest-rate changes on future interest expense. The aggregate fair value of these interest rate swaps of $118.8 million was recorded on the balance sheet as “Other long-term liabilities” at December 31, 2008. Accumulated other comprehensive income is adjusted to reflect the change in the fair value of the swaps. The balance in other comprehensive income was $75.1 million at December 31, 2008. No ineffectiveness was recorded in earnings related to these interest rate swaps.
Clear Channel had $1.1 billion of interest rate swaps at December 31, 2007 that were designated as fair value hedges of the underlying fixed-rate debt obligations. On December 31, 2007, the fair value of the interest rate swap agreements was recorded on the balance sheet as “Other long-term assets” with the offset recorded in “Long-term debt” of approximately $11.4 million. Clear Channel terminated these interest rate swaps effective July 10, 2008 and received proceeds of approximately $15.4 million. These interest rate swaps were recorded on the balance sheet at fair value, which was equivalent to the proceeds received.
Secured Forward Exchange Contracts
In 2001, Clear Channel Investments, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Clear Channel, entered into two ten-year secured forward exchange contracts that monetized 2.9 million shares of its investment in American Tower Corporation (“AMT”). The AMT contracts had a value of $17.0 million recorded in “Other long term liabilities” at December 31, 2007. These contracts were not designated as a hedge of the Clear Channel’s cash flow exposure of the forecasted sale of the AMT shares. During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, Clear Channel recognized losses of $6.7 million and $22.0 million, respectively, in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities” related to the change in the fair value of these contracts. To offset the change in the fair value of these contracts, Clear Channel recorded AMT shares as trading securities. During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, Clear Channel recognized income of $10.7 million and $20.5 million, respectively, in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities” related to the change in the fair value of the shares. Clear Channel terminated the contracts effective June 13, 2008, receiving net proceeds of $15.2 million. A net gain of $27.0 million was recorded in the pre-merger period in “Gain on marketable securities” related to terminating the contracts and selling the underlying AMT shares.

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Foreign Currency Rate Management
Clear Channel held two United States dollar — Euro cross currency swaps with an aggregate Euro notional amount of706.0 million and a corresponding aggregate U.S. dollar notional amount of $877.7 million. These cross currency swaps had a value of $127.4 million at December 31, 2007 and were recorded in “Other long-term obligations”. Clear Channel designated the cross currency swaps as a hedge of its net investment in Euro denominated assets. Clear Channel recorded all changes in the fair value of the cross currency swaps and the semiannual cash payments as a cumulative translation adjustment in other comprehensive income (loss). As of December 31, 2007, a $73.5 million loss, net of tax, was recorded as a cumulative translation adjustment to “Other comprehensive income (loss)” related to the cross currency swaps. Clear Channel terminated its cross currency swap contracts on July 30, 2008 by paying the counterparty $196.2 million from available cash on hand. The contracts were recorded on the balance sheet at fair value, which was equivalent to the cash paid to terminate them. The related fair value adjustments in other comprehensive income were deleted when the merger took place.
NOTE I —6 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 157,Fair Value Measurements (“Statement 157”) on January 1, 2008 and began to apply its recognition and disclosure provisions to its financial assets and financial liabilities that are remeasured at fair value at least annually. Statement 157

ASC 820-10-35 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

Marketable Equity Securities

The Company’s marketable equity securities and interest rate swapsswap are measured at fair value on each reporting date.

The marketable equity securities are measured at fair value using quoted prices in active markets. Due to the fact that the inputs used to measure the marketable equity securities at fair value are observable, the Company has categorized the fair value measurements of the securities as Level 1.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The cost, unrealized holding gains or losses, and fair value of these securitiesthe Company’s investments at December 31, 2008 was $27.1 million.

2011 and 2010 are as follows:

(In thousands)      Gross
Unrealized
   Gross
Unrealized
   Fair 

Investments

  Cost   Losses   Gains   Value 

2011

        

Available-for sale

    $7,786        $—          $65,214        $ 73,000    

Other cost investments

   4,766         —           —           4,766    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    $  12,552        $—          $65,214        $ 77,766    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

2010

        

Available-for sale

    $12,614        $—          $57,945        $ 70,559    

Other cost investments

   4,773         —           —          $ 4,773    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    $17,387        $—          $57,945        $ 75,332    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other cost investments include various investments in companies for which there is no readily determinable market value.

The Company’s aggregate $6.0available-for-sale security, Independent News & Media PLC (“INM”), was in an unrealized loss position for an extended period of time throughout 2009 through 2011. As a result, the Company considered the guidance in ASC 320-10-S99 and reviewed the length of the time and the extent to which the market value was less than cost and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer. After this assessment, the Company concluded that the impairment was other than temporary and recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $4.8 million, $6.5 million and $11.3 million in “Loss on marketable securities” for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Interest Rate Swap

The Company’s $2.5 billion notional amount of interest rate swap agreements areagreement is designated as a cash flow hedge and the effective portion of the gain or loss on the swap is reported as a component of other comprehensive income. income (loss). Ineffective portions of a cash flow hedging derivative’s change in fair value are recognized currently in earnings. In accordance with ASC 815-20-35-9, as the critical terms of the swap and the floating-rate debt being hedged were the same at inception and remained the same during the current period, no ineffectiveness was recorded in earnings.

The Company entered into the swapsits swap agreement to effectively convert a portion of its floating-rate debt to a fixed basis, thus reducing the impact of interest-rateinterest rate changes on future interest expense. The Company assesses at inception, and on an ongoing basis, whether its interest rate swap agreement is highly effective in offsetting changes in the interest expense of its floating rate debt. A derivative that is not a highly effective hedge does not qualify for hedge accounting.

The Company continually monitors its positions with, and credit quality of, the financial institution which is counterparty to its interest rate swap. The Company may be exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by its counterparty to the interest rate swap. However, the Company considers this risk to be low. If a derivative instrument no longer qualifies as a cash flow hedge, hedge accounting is discontinued and the gain or loss that was recorded in other comprehensive income is recognized currently in income.

The swap agreement is valued using a discounted cash flow model that takes into account the present value of the future cash flows under the terms of the agreements by using market information available as of the reporting date, including prevailing interest rates and credit spread. Due to the fact that the inputs to the model used to estimate fair value are either directly or indirectly observable, the Company classified the fair value measurementsmeasurement of these agreementsthe agreement as Level 2.

The aggregate fair value of the Company’s $2.5 billion notional amount interest rate swapsswap designated as a hedging instrument and recorded in “Other long-term liabilities” was $159.1 million and $213.1 million at December 31, 2008 was a liability of $118.8 million.

2011 and 2010, respectively.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The following table provides the beginning and ending accumulated other comprehensive loss and the current period activity related to the interest rate swap agreements:

(In thousands)Accumulated other
comprehensive loss

Balance at December 31, 2009

    $149,179    

Other comprehensive income

    15,112    

Balance at December 31, 2010

    134,067    

Other comprehensive income

    33,775    

Balance at December 31, 2011

    $100,292    

NOTE J —7 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company accounts for its rentals that include renewal options, annual rent escalation clauses, minimum franchise payments and maintenance related to displays under the guidance in EITF 01-8,Determining Whether an Arrangement Contains a Lease(“EITF 01-8”), Financial Accounting Standards No. 13,Accounting for Leases, Financial Accounting Standards No. 29,Determining Contingent Rentals an amendment of FASB Statement No. 13(“Statement 29”) and FASB Technical Bulletin 85-3,Accounting for Operating Leases with Scheduled Rent Increases(“FTB 85-3”).

ASC 840.

The Company considers its non-cancelable contracts that enable it to display advertising on buses, taxis, trains, bus shelters, trains, etc. to be leases in accordance with the guidance in EITF 01-8.ASC 840-10. These contracts may contain minimum annual franchise payments which generally escalate each year. The Company accounts for these minimum franchise payments on a straight-line basis in accordance with FTB 85-3.basis. If the rental increases are not scheduled in the lease, for examplesuch as an increase based on subsequent changes in the CPI,index or rate, those rents are considered contingent rentals and are recorded as expense when accruable. Other contracts may contain a variable rent component based on revenue. The Company accounts

95


for these variable components as contingent rentals under Statement 29, and records these payments as expense when accruable.

The Company accounts for annual rent escalation clauses included in the lease term on a straight-line basis under the guidance in FTB 85-3.ASC 840-20-25. The Company considers renewal periods in determining its lease terms if at inception of the lease there is reasonable assurance the lease will be renewed. Expenditures for maintenance are charged to operations as incurred, whereas expenditures for renewal and betterments are capitalized.

The Company leases office space, certain broadcasting facilities, equipment and the majority of the land occupied by its outdoor advertising structures under long-term operating leases. The Company accounts for these leases in accordance with the policies described above.

The Company’s contracts with municipal bodies or private companies relating to street furniture, billboard,billboards, transit and malls generally require the Company to build bus stops, kiosks and other public amenities or advertising structures during the term of the contract. The Company owns these structures and is generally allowed to advertise on them for the remaining term of the contract. Once the Company has built the structure, the cost is capitalized and expensed over the shorter of the economic life of the asset or the remaining life of the contract.

In addition, the Company has commitments relating to required purchases of property, plant and equipment under certain street furniture contracts. Certain of the Company’s contracts contain penalties for not fulfilling its commitments related to its obligations to build bus stops, kiosks and other public amenities or advertising structures. Historically, any such penalties have not materially impacted the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Certain acquisition agreements include deferred consideration payments based on performance requirements by the seller typically involving the completion of a development or obtaining appropriate permits that enable the Company to construct additional advertising displays. At December 31, 2011, the Company believes its maximum aggregate contingency, which is subject to performance requirements by the seller, is approximately $32.5 million. As the contingencies have not been met or resolved as of December 31, 2011, these amounts are not recorded.

As of December 31, 2008,2011, the Company’s future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable operating lease agreements with terms in excess of one year, minimum payments under non-cancelable contracts in excess of one year, and capital expenditure commitments consist of the following:

             
  Non-Cancelable  Non-Cancelable  Capital 
(In thousands) Operating Leases  Contracts  Expenditures 
2009 $383,568  $673,900  $76,760 
2010  337,654   454,402   44,776 
2011  290,230   404,659   17,650 
2012  247,364   265,011   4,666 
2013  220,720   206,755   4,670 
Thereafter  1,265,574   643,535   3,141 
          
Total $2,745,110  $2,648,262  $151,663 
          

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

(In thousands)  Non-Cancelable
Operating Leases
   Non-Cancelable
Contracts
   Capital
Expenditure
Commitments
 

2012

    $383,456        $548,830        $67,879    

2013

     334,200         427,703         26,472    

2014

     294,985         375,936         12,748    

2015

     284,647         333,130         16,402    

2016

     223,105         266,582         18,456    

Thereafter

     1,287,880         520,361         6,921    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    $2,808,273        $2,472,542        $148,878    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Rent expense charged to continuing operations for the post-merger periodyears ended December 31, 20082011, 2010 and 2009 was $526.6 million. Rent expense charged to continuing operations for the pre-merger period ended July 30, 2008 was $755.4 million. Rent expense charged to continuing operations for the pre-merger periods 2007 and 2006 was $1.2$1.16 billion, $1.10 billion and $1.1$1.13 billion, respectively.

In November 2006 Plaintiff Grantley Patent Holdings, Ltd. sued Clear Channelvarious areas in which the Company operates, outdoor advertising is the object of restrictive and, ninein some cases, prohibitive zoning and other regulatory provisions, either enacted or proposed. The impact to the Company of loss of displays due to governmental action has been somewhat mitigated by Federal and state laws mandating compensation for such loss and constitutional restraints.

The Company and its subsidiaries for patent infringement in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, as described in more detail in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed November 10, 2008 for the quarter ended September 30, 2008. On December 29, 2008, the parties entered into a settlement agreement. The settlement is on terms that are not material to us and does not constitute an admission of wrongdoing or liability by us.

The Company is currently involved in certain legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business and, as required, the Company has accrued its estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims.those claims for which the occurrence of loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These estimates have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by changes in the Company’s assumptions or the effectiveness of its strategies related to these proceedings.
In various areas

On or about July 12, 2006 and April 12, 2007, two of the Company’s operating businesses (L&C Outdoor Ltda. (“L&C”) and Publicidad Klimes São Paulo Ltda. (“Klimes”), respectively) in the São Paulo, Brazil market received notices of infraction from the state taxing authority, seeking to impose a value added tax (“VAT”) on such businesses, retroactively for the period from December 31, 2001 through January 31, 2006. The taxing authority contends that the Company’s businesses fall within the definition of “communication services” and as such are subject to the VAT.

L&C and Klimes have filed separate petitions to challenge the imposition of this tax. L&C’s challenge in the administrative courts was unsuccessful at the first level, but successful at the second administrative level. The state taxing authority filed an appeal to the third and final administrative level, which required consideration by a full panel of 16 administrative law judges. On September 27, 2010, L&C received an unfavorable ruling at this final administrative level, which concluded that the Company operates, outdoor advertisingVAT applied. On December 15, 2011, a Special Chamber of the administrative court considered the reasonableness of the amount of the penalty assessed against L&C and significantly reduced the penalty. With the reduction, the amounts allegedly owed by L&C are approximately $8.6 million in taxes, approximately $4.3 million in penalties and approximately $18.4 million in interest (as of December 31, 2011 at an exchange rate of 0.534). On January 27, 2012, L&C filed a writ of mandamus in the 8th lower public treasury court in São Paulo, State of São Paulo, appealing the administrative court’s decision that the VAT applies. On that same day, L&C filed a motion for an injunction barring the taxing authority from collecting the tax, penalty and interest while the appeal is pending. The court denied the object of restrictivemotion on January 30, 2012. L&C filed a motion for reconsideration, and in some cases, prohibitive zoningearly February 2012, the court granted that motion and other regulatory provisions, either enactedissued an injunction.

Klimes’ challenge was unsuccessful at the first level of the administrative courts, and denied at the second administrative level on or proposed.about September 24, 2009. On January 5, 2011, the administrative law judges at the third administrative level published a ruling that the VAT applies but significantly reduced the penalty assessed by the taxing authority. With the penalty reduction, the amounts allegedly owed by Klimes are approximately $9.7 million in taxes, approximately $4.8 million in penalties and approximately $20.1 million in interest (as of December 31, 2011 at an exchange rate of 0.534). In late February 2011, Klimes filed a writ of mandamus in the 13th lower public treasury court in São Paulo, State of São Paulo, appealing the administrative court’s decision that the VAT applies. On that same day, Klimes filed a motion for an injunction barring the taxing authority from collecting the tax, penalty and interest while the appeal is pending. The impactcourt denied the motion in early April 2011. Klimes filed a motion for reconsideration with the court and also appealed that ruling to the Company of loss of displays due to governmental action has been somewhat mitigated by federalSão Paulo State Higher Court, which affirmed in late April 2011. On June 20, 2011, the 13th lower public treasury court in São Paulo reconsidered its prior ruling and state laws mandating compensation for such loss and constitutional restraints.

96


Certain acquisition agreements include deferred consideration payments based on performance requirementsgranted Klimes an injunction suspending any collection effort by the seller typically involvingtaxing authority until a decision on the completionmerits is obtained at the first judicial level.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

On August 8, 2011, Brazil’s National Council of Fiscal Policy (CONFAZ) published a developmentrule authorizing a general amnesty to sixteen states, including the State of São Paulo, to reduce the principal amount of VAT allegedly owed for communications services and reduce or obtaining appropriate permitswaive related interest and penalties. The State of São Paulo ratified the amnesty in late August 2011. However, in late 2011, the State of São Paulo decided not to pursue the general amnesty, but it has indicated that enableit would be willing to consider a special amnesty for the Companyout-of-home industry. Klimes and L&C are actively exploring this opportunity but do not know whether the State ultimately will offer a special amnesty or what the terms of any special amnesty might be. Accordingly, the businesses continue to construct additional advertising displays. vigorously pursue their appeals in the lower public treasury court.

At December 31, 2008,2011, the range of reasonably possible loss is from zero to approximately $31.2 million in the L&C matter and is from zero to approximately $34.6 million in the Klimes matter. The maximum loss that could ultimately be paid depends on the timing of the final resolution at the judicial level and applicable future interest rates. Based on the Company’s review of the law, the outcome of similar cases at the judicial level and the advice of counsel, the Company believes its maximum aggregate contingency, which is subject to performance requirements by the seller, is approximately $35.0 million. As the contingencies havehas not been met or resolved as of December 31, 2008, these amounts are not recorded. If future payments are made, amounts will be recorded as additional purchase price.

The Company is a party to various put agreements that may require additional investments to be made by the Company in the future. The put values are contingent upon the financial performance of the investee and are typically based on the investee meeting certain EBITDA targets, as defined in the agreement. The Company will continue to accrue additional amountsaccrued any costs related to such contingent payments ifthese claims and when itbelieves the occurrence of loss is determinable that the applicable financial performance targets will be met. The aggregate of these contingent payments, if performance targets are met, would not significantly impact the financial position or results of operations of the Company.
probable.

NOTE K —8 – GUARANTEES

At December 31, 2008, the Company2011, Clear Channel guaranteed $39.8$39.5 million of credit lines provided to certain of its international subsidiaries by a major international bank. Most of these credit lines related to intraday overdraft facilities covering participants in the Company’sClear Channel’s European cash management pool. As of December 31, 2008,2011, no amounts were outstanding under these agreements.

As of December 31, 2008, the Company2011, Clear Channel had outstanding surety bonds and commercial standby letters of credit and surety bonds of $367.6$48.3 million and $211.4$136.5 million, respectively.respectively, of which $67.5 million of letters of credit were cash secured. Letters of credit in the amount of $154.8$9.1 million are collateral in support of surety bonds and these amounts would only be drawn under the letters of credit in the event the associated surety bonds were funded and the CompanyClear Channel did not honor its reimbursement obligation to the issuers.

These letters of credit and surety bonds relate to various operational matters including insurance, bid, and performance bonds as well as other items.

As of December 31, 2011, Clear Channel had outstanding bank guarantees of $56.2 million. Bank guarantees in the amount of $4.3 million are backed by cash collateral.

NOTE L —9 – INCOME TAXES

Significant components of the provision for income tax expense (benefit)benefit (expense) are as follows:

                  
  Post-merger   Pre-merger       
  period ended   period ended       
  December 31,   July 30,  Pre-merger  Pre-merger 
(In thousands) 2008   2008  2007  2006 
Current — federal $(100,578)  $(6,535) $187,700  $211,444 
Current — foreign  15,755    24,870   43,776   40,454 
Current — state  8,094    8,945   21,434   26,765 
              
Total current (benefit) expense  (76,729)   27,280   252,910   278,663 
Deferred — federal  (555,679)   145,149   175,524   185,053 
Deferred — foreign  (17,762)   (12,662)  (1,400)  (9,134)
Deferred — state  (46,453)   12,816   14,114   15,861 
              
Total deferred (benefit) expense  (619,894)   145,303   188,238   191,780 
              
Income tax (benefit) expense $(696,623)  $172,583  $441,148  $470,443 
              

97


(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

Current - Federal

    $18,608        $(4,534)        $104,539    

Current - foreign

     (51,293)         (41,388)         (15,301)    

Current - state

     14,719         (5,278)         (13,109)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current benefit (expense)

     (17,966)         (51,200)         76,129    

Deferred - Federal

     126,078         211,137         366,024    

Deferred - foreign

     13,708         (3,859)         30,399    

Deferred - state

     4,158         3,902         20,768    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total deferred benefit (expense)

     143,944         211,180         417,191    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax benefit (expense)

     125,978        $159,980        $493,320    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Current tax expense of $18.0 million was recorded for 2011 as compared to current tax expenses of $51.2 million for 2010 primarily due to the Company’s settlement of U.S. Federal and state tax examinations during 2011. Pursuant to the settlements, the Company recorded a reduction to current income tax expense of approximately $51.1 million during 2011 to reflect the net current tax benefits of the settlements.

Deferred tax benefits of $143.9 million for 2011, primarily relate to future benefits of net operating loss carryforwards, and were lower when compared with deferred tax benefits of $211.2 million for 2010. The decrease in deferred tax benefits in 2011 is primarily due to a decrease in Federal tax losses. Additional decreases are a result of the deferred tax impacts from the Company’s settlement of U.S. Federal and state tax examinations during 2011 along with the write-off of deferred tax assets associated with the 2011 vesting of certain equity awards.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the year ended December 31, 2010, deferred tax benefits decreased $206.0 million as compared to 2009 primarily due to larger impairment charges recorded in 2009 related to tax deductible intangibles. This decrease was partially offset by increases in deferred tax expense in 2009 as a result of the deferral of certain discharge of indebtedness income, for income tax purposes, resulting from the reacquisition of business indebtedness, as provided by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 signed into law on February 17, 2009. In addition, in 2010 the Company recorded additional deferred tax expenses related to excess tax over book depreciation resulting from the accelerated tax depreciation provisions available under the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 that was signed into law on December 17, 2010.

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax liabilities and assets as of December 31, 2008 and 20072011and 2010 are as follows:

         
(In thousands) 2008  2007 
Deferred tax liabilities:        
Intangibles and fixed assets $2,332,924  $921,497 
Long-term debt  352,057    
Unrealized gain in marketable securities     20,715 
Foreign  87,654   7,799 
Equity in earnings  27,872   44,579 
Investments  15,268   17,585 
Deferred Income     4,940 
Other  25,836   11,814 
       
Total deferred tax liabilities  2,841,611   1,028,929 
         
Deferred tax assets:        
Accrued expenses  129,684   91,080 
Long-term debt     56,026 
Unrealized gain in marketable securities  29,438    
Net operating loss/Capital loss carryforwards  319,530   521,187 
Bad debt reserves  28,248   14,051 
Deferred Income  976    
Other  17,857   90,511 
       
Total gross deferred tax assets  525,733   772,855 
Valuation allowance  319,530   516,922 
       
Total deferred tax assets  206,203   255,933 
       
Net deferred tax liabilities $2,635,408  $772,996 
       
For the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company recorded approximately $2.5 billion in additional deferred tax liabilities associated with the applied purchase accounting adjustments resulting from the acquisition of Clear Channel. The additional deferred tax liabilities primarily relate to differences between the purchase accounting adjusted book basis and the historical tax basis of the Company’s intangible assets. During the post-merger period ended December 31, 2008, the Company recorded an impairment charge to its FCC licenses, permits and tax deductible goodwill resulting in a decrease of approximately $648.2 million in recorded deferred tax liabilities.

(In thousands)  2011   2010 

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

Intangibles and fixed assets

      $  2,381,177          $  2,202,702    

Long-term debt

   465,201       523,846    

Foreign

   43,305       55,102    

Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates

   46,502       48,880    

Other investments

   7,068       7,012    

Other

   25,834       18,488    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

   2,969,087       2,856,030    

Deferred tax assets:

    

Accrued expenses

   92,038       123,225    

Unrealized gain in marketable securities

   6,833       22,229    

Net operating losses

   917,078       658,352    

Bad debt reserves

   10,767       12,244    

Deferred Income

   590       700    

Other

   33,931       32,241    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total gross deferred tax assets

   1,061,237       848,991 ��  

Less: Valuation allowance

   14,177       17,434    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets

   1,047,060       831,557    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net deferred tax liabilities

      $  1,922,027          $  2,024,473    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Included in the Company’s net deferred tax liabilities are $43.9$ 16.6 million and $20.9$25.7 million of current net deferred tax assets for 20082011 and 2007,2010, respectively. The Company presents these assets in “Other current assets” on its consolidated balance sheets. The remaining $2.7$1.9 billion and $793.9 million$2.0 billion of net deferred tax liabilities for 20082011 and 2007,2010, respectively, are presented in “Deferred tax liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.

At December 31, 2008,2011, the Company had recorded net operating loss carryforwards (tax effected) for federal and state income tax purposes of $917.1 million, expiring in various amounts through 2031. The Company expects to realize the benefits of the majority of net operating losses based on its expectations as to future taxable income from deferred tax liabilities that reverse in the relevant carryforward period and therefore the Company has not recorded a valuation allowance against those losses.

At December 31, 2011, net deferred tax liabilities include a deferred tax asset of $16.1$27.5 million relating to stock-based compensation expense under Statement 123(R)ASC 718-10,Compensation—Stock Compensation. Full realization of this deferred tax asset requires stock options to be exercised at a price equaling or exceeding the sum of the grant price plus the fair value of the option at the grant date and restricted stock to vest at a price equaling or exceeding the fair market value at the grant date. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the stock price of the Company’s common stock will rise to levels sufficient to realize the entire deferred tax benefit currently reflected in its balance sheet.

The deferred tax liability related to intangibles and fixed assets primarily relates to the difference in book and tax basis of acquired FCC licenses, permits and tax deductible goodwill created from the Company’s various stock acquisitions. In accordance with Statement 142,ASC 350-10,Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, the Company no longer amortizesdoes not amortize FCC licenses and permits. As a result, this deferred tax liability will not reverse over time unless the Company recognizes future impairment charges related to its FCC licenses, permits and tax deductible goodwill or sells its FCC licenses or permits. As the Company continues to amortize its tax basis in its FCC licenses, permits and tax deductible goodwill, the deferred tax liability will increase over time.

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CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

During 2005, Clear Channel recognized

The reconciliation of income tax computed at the U.S. Federal statutory tax rates to income tax benefit (expense) is:

   Years Ended December 31, 
(In thousands)  2011   2010   2009 
   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent 

Income tax benefit (expense) at statutory rates

  $137,903       35%          $  217,991       35%          $  1,589,825       35%      

State income taxes, net of Federal tax benefit

   18,877       5%         (1,376)       0%         7,660       0%      

Foreign taxes

   (4,683)       (1%)         (30,967)       (5%)         (92,648)       (2%)      

Nondeductible items

   (3,154)       (1%)         (3,165)       (0%)         (3,317)       (0%)      

Changes in valuation allowance and other estimates

   (15,816)       (4%)         (16,263)       (3%)         54,579       1%      

Impairment charge

   —         0%         —         0%         (1,050,535)       (23%)      

Other, net

   (7,149)       (2%)         (6,240)       (1%)         (12,244)       (0%)      
  

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

   

Income tax benefit (expense)

    $  125,978       32%          $  159,980       26%          $  493,320       11%      
  

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

   

A tax benefit was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2011 of 32%. The effective tax rate for 2011 was impacted by the Company’s settlement of U.S. Federal and state tax examinations during the year. Pursuant to the settlements, the Company recorded a capital lossreduction to income tax expense of approximately $2.4 billion as a result$16.3 million to reflect the net tax benefits of the spin-off of Live Nation. Of the $2.4 billion capital loss, approximately $734.5 millionsettlements. This benefit was used topartially offset capital gains recognized in 2002, 2003 and 2004 and Clear Channel received the related $257.0 millionby additional tax refund on October 12, 2006. During 2008, Clear Channel used $585.3 million of the capital loss to offset the gain on sale of its television business and certain radio stations. As of December 31, 2008, the remaining capital loss carryforward is approximately $699.6 million and it can be used to offset future capital gains through 2009. The Company has recorded an after tax valuation allowance of $257.4 millionduring 2011 related to the capitalwrite-off of deferred tax assets associated with the vesting of certain equity awards and the inability to benefit from certain tax loss carryforwardcarryforwards in foreign jurisdictions. Foreign income before income taxes was approximately $94.0 million for 2011.

A tax benefit was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2010 of 26%. The effective tax rate for 2010 was impacted by the Company’s inability to benefit from tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions due to the uncertainty of the ability to utilize the carryforward prior to its expiration. If the Company is able to utilize the capital loss carryforwardthose losses in future years, the valuation allowance will be released and be recorded as a current tax benefit in the year the losses are utilized.

The reconciliation of income tax computed at the U.S. federal statutory tax rates to income tax expense (benefit) is:
                                  
  Post-merger period ended   Pre-merger period ended       
  December 31, 2008   July 30, 2008  2007  2006 
(In thousands) Amount  Percent   Amount  Percent  Amount  Percent  Amount  Percent 
Income tax expense (benefit) at statutory rates $(2,008,040)  35%  $205,108   35% $448,298   35% $399,423   35%
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit  (38,359)  1%   21,760   4%  35,548   3%  42,626   4%
Foreign taxes  95,478   (2%)   (29,606)  (5%)  (8,857)  (1%)  6,391   1%
Nondeductible items  1,591   (0%)   2,464   0%  6,228   0%  2,607   0%
Changes in valuation allowance and other estimates  53,877   (1%)   (32,256)  (6%)  (34,005)  (3%)  16,482   1%
Impairment charge  1,194,182   (21%)                   
Other, net  4,648   (0%)   5,113   1%  (6,064)  (0%)  2,914   0%
                              
  $(696,623)  12%  $172,583   29% $441,148   34% $470,443   41%
                              
A tax benefit was recorded for the post-merger period ended December 31, 2008 of 12% and reflects the Company’s ability to recover a limited amount of the Company’s prior period tax liabilities through certain net operating loss carrybacks. Due to the lack of earnings history as a merged company and limitations on net operating loss carryback claims allowed; the Company cannot rely on future earnings and carryback claims as a means to realize deferred tax assets which may arise as a result of future period net operating losses. Pursuant to the provision of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109,Accounting for Income Taxes, deferred tax valuation allowances would be required on those deferred tax assets. The effective tax rate for the post-merger period was primarily impacted due to the impairment charge.years. In addition, the Company recorded a valuation allowance on certain net operating losses generated duringof $13.6 million against deferred tax assets in foreign jurisdictions due to the post-merger period that are not able to be carried back to prior years. The effective tax rate for the pre-merger period was primarily impacted by the tax effectuncertainty of the disposition of certain radio broadcastingability to realize those assets and investments.
During 2007, Clear Channel utilizedin future periods. Foreign income before income taxes was approximately $2.2$40.8 million of net operating loss carryforwards, the majority of which were generated by certain acquired companies prior to their acquisition by Clear Channel. The utilization of the net operating loss carryforwards reduced current taxes payable and currentfor 2010.

A tax expensebenefit was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2007. Clear Channel’s2009 of 11%. The effective income tax rate for 2007 was 34.4% as compared to 41.2% for 2006. For 2007, the effective tax rate2009 was primarily affectedimpacted by the recording of currentgoodwill impairment charges which are not deductible for tax benefits of approximately $45.7 million relatedpurposes (see Note 2). In addition, the Company was unable to benefit tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions due to the settlementuncertainty of several tax positions with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for the 1999 through 2004 tax years and deferred tax benefits of approximately $14.6 million relatedability to the release of valuation allowances for the use of certain capital loss carryforwards.utilize those losses in future years. These tax benefitsimpacts were partially offset by additional current tax expense being recorded in 2007 due to an increase in Income before income taxesthe reversal of $139.6 million.

During 2006, Clear Channel utilized approximately $70.3 million ofvaluation allowances on certain net operating loss carryforwards, the majority of which were generated during 2005. The utilizationlosses as a result of the Company’s ability to utilize those losses through either carrybacks to prior years or based on our expectations as to future taxable income from deferred tax liabilities that reverse in the relevant carryforward period for those net operating loss carryforwards reduced current taxes payable and current tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2006. In addition, current tax expense was reduced by approximately $22.1 million related to the disposition of certain operating assets and the filing of an

99

losses that cannot be carried back.


amended tax return during 2006. As discussed above, the Company recorded a capital loss on the spin-off of Live Nation. During 2006 the amount of capital loss carryforward and the related valuation allowance was adjusted to the final amount reported on our 2005 filed tax return.
The remaining federal net operating loss carryforwards of $168.8 million expires in various amounts from 2009 to 2028.
The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standard Board Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes(“FIN 48”) on January 1, 2007. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken within an income tax return. The adoption of FIN 48 resulted in a decrease of $0.2 million to the January 1, 2007 balance of “Retained deficit”, an increase of $101.7 million in “Other long term-liabilities” for unrecognized tax benefits and a decrease of $123.0 million in “Deferred income taxes”. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits at January 1, 2007 was $416.1 million, inclusive of $89.6 million for interest.
The Company continues to record interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in current income tax expense. The total amount of interest accrued at December 31, 20082011 and 20072010 was $53.5$61.0 million and $43.0$87.5 million, respectively. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits and accrued interest and penalties at December 31, 20082011 and 20072010 was $267.8$236.8 million and $237.1$312.9 million, respectively, of which $212.7 million and $269.3 million is included in “Other long-term liabilities”, and $4.5 million and $35.3 million is included in “Accrued Expenses” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, respectively. In addition, $19.6 million of unrecognized tax benefits are recorded net with the Company’s deferred tax assets for its net operating losses as opposed to being recorded in “Other long-term liabilities” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Of this total, $250.0 million at December 31, 2008 represents the2011. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2011 and accrued interest and penalties2010 that, if recognized, would favorably affectimpact the effective income tax rate in future periods.
              
  Post-merger period   Pre-merger period    
  ended December 31,   ended July 30,  Pre-merger 
Unrecognized Tax Benefits(In thousands) 2008   2008  2007 
Balance at beginning of period $207,884   $194,060  $326,478 
Increases for tax position taken in the current year  35,942    8,845   18,873 
Increases for tax positions taken in previous years  3,316    7,019   45,404 
Decreases for tax position taken in previous years  (20,564)   (1,764)  (175,036)
Decreases due to settlements with tax authorities  (9,975)   (276)  (21,200)
Decreases due to lapse of statute of limitations  (2,294)      (459)
           
Balance at end of period $214,309   $207,884  $194,060 
           
is $146.0 million and $204.6 million, respectively.

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

  2011   2010 

Balance at beginning of period

    $  225,469        $  237,517    

Increases for tax position taken in the current year

   5,373       5,222    

Increases for tax positions taken in previous years

   12,115       22,990    

Decreases for tax position taken in previous years

   (37,677)       (20,705)    

Decreases due to settlements with tax authorities

   (29,443)       (14,462)    

Decreases due to lapse of statute of limitations

   (55)       (5,093)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at end of period

    $  175,782        $  225,469    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the United States federalFederal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. As stated above,During 2011, the Company settled several federal tax positionsreached a settlement with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) duringrelated to the year ended December 31, 2007.examination of the tax years 2003 and 2004. As a result of the settlement the Company reduced its balancepaid approximately $22.4 million, inclusive of unrecognizedinterest to the IRS and reversed the excess liabilities related to the settled tax benefits by $246.2 million.years. During 2008,2010, the Company favorably settled certain issues in foreign jurisdictions that resulted inreached a settlement with the decrease in unrecognizedIRS related to the examination of the tax benefits. In addition, asyears 2005 and 2006. As a result of the currency fluctuations during 2008,settlement the balanceCompany paid approximately $14.3 million, inclusive of unrecognizedinterest, to the IRS and reversed the excess liabilities related to the settled tax benefits decreased approximately $12.0 million.years. The IRS is currently auditing the Company’s 20052007 and 20062008 pre and post merger periods. In addition, the Company effectively settled several state and foreign tax years. The Company does not expectexaminations during 2010 and 2011 that resulted in a reduction to resolve any material federalour net tax positions withinliabilities to reflect the next twelve months.tax benefits of the settlements. Substantially all material state, local, and foreign income tax matters have been concluded for years through 2000.

2003.

NOTE M —10 - SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

In connection with the merger, the

The Company has issued approximately 23.624.1 million shares of Class A common stock, approximately 0.6 million shares of Class B common stock and approximately 59.0 million shares of Class C common stock. Every holder of shares of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote for each share of Class A common stock. Every holder of shares of Class B common stock is entitled to a number of votes per share equal to the number obtained by dividing (a) the sum of the total number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding as of the record date for such vote and the number of shares of Class C common stock outstanding as of the record date for such vote by (b) the number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding as of the record date for such vote.Exceptvote. Except as otherwise required by law, the holders of outstanding shares of Class C common stock are not entitled to any votes upon any matters presented to our stockholders.

100


Except with respect to voting as described above, and as otherwise required by law, all shares of Class A common stock, Class B common stock and Class C common stock have the same powers, privileges, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, and will beare identical to each other in all respects.
Vesting of certain Clear Channel stock options and restricted stock awards was accelerated upon closing of the merger. As a result, except for certain executive officers and holders of certain options that could not, by their terms, be cancelled prior to their stated expiration date, holders of stock options received cash or, if elected, an amount of Company stock, in each case equal to the intrinsic value of the awards based on a market price of $36.00 per share. Holders of restricted stock awards received $36.00 per share in cash, without interest, if elected, or a share of Company stock per share of Clear Channel restricted stock. Approximately $39.2 million of share-based compensation was recognized in the pre-merger period as a result of the accelerated vesting of the stock options and restricted stock awards.

Dividends

Clear Channel’s Board of Directors declared quarterly cash dividends as follows.
(In millions, except per share data)
             
  Amount per      
Declaration Common      
Date Share Record Date Payment Date Total Payment
2007:
            
February 21, 2007  0.1875  March 31, 2007 April 15, 2007 $93.0 
April 19, 2007  0.1875  June 30, 2007 July 15, 2007  93.4 
July 27, 2007  0.1875  September 30, 2007 October 15, 2007  93.4 
December 3, 2007  0.1875  December 31, 2007 January 15, 2008  93.4 

Clear Channel did not declare dividends in 2008.2011, 2010 or 2009. The Company has never paid cash dividends on its Class A common stock, and currently does not intend to pay regular quarterly cash dividends on the shares of its Class A common stock.stock in the future. Clear Channel’s debt financing arrangements include restrictions on its ability to pay dividends thereby limiting the Company’s ability to pay dividends.

Share-Based Payments

Compensation

Stock Options

Prior to the merger, Clear Channel

The Company has granted options to purchase its common stock to its employees and directors and its affiliates under its various equity incentive plans typically at no less than the fair value of the underlying stock on the date of grant. These options were granted for a term not exceeding ten years and were forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee or director terminated his or her employment or relationship with Clear Channel or one of its affiliates. Prior to acceleration, if any, in connection with the merger, these options vested over a period of up to five years. All equity incentive plans contained anti-dilutive provisions that permitted an adjustment of the number of shares of Clear Channel’s common stock represented by each option for any change in capitalization.

At July 30, 2008, immediately prior to the effectiveness of the merger, there were 23,433,092 outstanding Clear Channel stock options held by Clear Channel’s employees and directors under Clear Channel’s equity incentive plans. Of these Clear Channel stock options, 7,407,103 had an exercise price below $36.00, and were considered “in the money.” Each Clear Channel stock option that was outstanding and unexercised as of the date of the merger, other than certain stock options described below, whether vested or unvested, automatically became fully vested and converted into the right to receive a cash payment or equity in the Company equal to the value of the product of the excess, if any, of the $36.00 over the exercise price per share of the Clear Channel stock option. Following the merger, Clear Channel stock options automatically ceased to exist and are no longer outstanding and, following the receipt of the cash payment or equity, if any, described in the preceding sentence, the holders thereof ceased to have any rights with respect to Clear Channel stock options.

101


Some of the outstanding “in the money” Clear Channel stock options held by certain executive officers were not converted into the right to receive a cash payment or equity in the Company based on their intrinsic value on the date of the merger, but rather were converted into options to purchase shares of the Company following the merger. Such conversions were based on the fair market value of Company stock on the merger date and also preserved the aggregate spread value of the converted options. An aggregate of 1,749,075 shares of Clear Channel stock options held by these executive officers with a weighted average exercise price of $32.63 per share were converted into vested stock options to purchase 235,393 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $10.99 per share. Additionally, vested options to acquire 170,329 shares of Clear Channel common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $57.28 on the date of the merger could not, by their terms, be cancelled prior to their stated expiration date. These stock options were converted, on a one-for-one basis, into stock options to acquire shares of the Company’s Class A common stock.
The following table presents a summary of Clear Channel’s stock options outstanding at and stock option activity during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 (“Price” reflects the weighted average exercise price per share):
         
(In thousands, except per share data) Options Price
Outstanding, January 1, 2008  30,643  $43.56 
Granted     n/a 
Exercised (a)  (438)  30.85 
Forfeited  (298)  31.47 
Expired  (22,330)  47.61 
Settled at merger (b)  (5,658)  32.16 
Converted into options in the Company  (1,919)  34.82 
         
Outstanding, July 30, 2008  0   n/a 
         
(a)Cash received from option exercises during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 was $13.5 million, and Clear Channel received an income tax benefit of $0.9 million relating to the options exercised during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008. The cash flows from the tax benefits resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized for those options (excess tax benefits) is to be classified as financing cash flows. The excess tax benefit that is required to be classified as a financing cash inflow is not material. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 was $1.7 million.
(b)Clear Channel received an income tax benefit of $8.1 million relating to the options settled upon the closing of the merger.
A summary of Clear Channel’s unvested options at December 31, 2007, and changes during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008, is presented below:
         
      Weighted Average
      Grant Date
(In thousands, except per share data) Options Fair Value
Unvested, January 1, 2008  6,817  $10.80 
Granted     n/a 
Vested (a)  (6,519)  10.81 
Forfeited  (298)  8.33 
         
Unvested, July 30, 2008  0   n/a 
         
(a)The total fair value of options vested during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 was $71.2 million. Upon closing of the merger, 4.1 million Clear Channel unvested stock options became vested. As a result, Clear Channel recorded $12.9 million in non-cash compensation expense on July 30, 2008.

102


In connection with, and prior to, the merger, the Company adopted a new equity incentive plan (“2008 Incentive Plan”), under which it grants options to purchase its Class A common stock to certain key executives under its employees and directors and its affiliatesequity incentive plan at no less than the fair value of the underlying stock on the date of grant. These options are granted for a term not exceedingto exceed ten years and are forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee or directorexecutive terminates his or her employment or relationship with the Company or one of its affiliates. Approximately one-third of the options granted vest based solely on continued service over a period of up to five years with the remainder becoming eligible to vest over a period of up to five years if certain predetermined performance targets are met. The 2008 Incentive Planequity incentive plan contains antidilutive provisions that permit an adjustment of the number of shares of the Company’s common stock represented by each option for any change in capitalization.
On July 30, 2008,

The Company accounts for its share-based payments using the Company granted 7,417,307 options to purchase Class A common stock to certain key executives at $36.00 per share under the 2008 Incentive Plan. Of these options, 3,166,830 will vest based solely on continued service over a periodfair value recognition provisions of up to five years with the remainder becoming eligible to vest over five years if certain predetermined performance targets are met. All options were granted for a term of ten years and will be forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee terminates his or her employment or relationship with the Company.ASC 718-10. The fair value of the portion of options that vest based on continued service wasis estimated on the grant date using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the fair value of the remaining options which contain vesting provisions subject to service, market and performance conditions wasis estimated on the grant date using a Monte Carlo model. Expected volatilities were based on implied volatilities from traded options on peer companies, historical volatility on peer companies’ stock, and other factors.including the Company, over the expected life of the options. The expected life of the options granted represents the period of time that the options granted are expected to be outstanding. The Company used historical data to estimate option exercises and employee terminations within the valuation model. The risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods equal to the expected life of the option. The following assumptions were used to calculate the fair value of these options:

Expected volatility58%
Expected life in years5.5 — 7.5
Risk-free interest rate3.46% — 3.83%
Dividend yield0%
The following table presents a summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding at and stock option activity during the post-merger period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 (“Price” reflects the weighted average exercise price per share):
                 
          Weighted Average Aggregate
          Remaining Intrinsic
(In thousands, except per share data) Options Price Contractual Term Value
Clear Channel options converted  406  $30.42         
Granted (a)  7,417   36.00         
Exercised     n/a         
Forfeited  (64)  36.00         
Expired  (8)  46.32         
                 
Outstanding, December 31, 2008  7,751   35.70  9.28 years $0 
                 
Exercisable  397   30.05  3.73 years $0 
Expect to Vest  3,004   36.00  9.58 years $0 
(a)The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted on July 30, 2008 was $21.20. Non-cash compensation expense has not been recorded with respect to 4.3 million shares of this grant as the vesting of these options is subject to performance conditions that have not yet been determined probable to meet.

103


A summary of the Company’s unvested options and changes during the post-merger period from July 31 through December 31, 2008, is presented below:
         
      Weighted Average
      Grant Date
(In thousands, except per share data) Options Fair Value
Granted  7,417  $21.20 
Vested     n/a 
Forfeited  (63)  20.73 
         
Unvested, December 31, 2008  7,354   21.20 
         
Restricted Stock Awards
Prior to the merger, Clear Channel granted restricted stock awards to its employees and directors and its affiliates under its various equity incentive plans. These common shares held a legend which restricted their transferability for a term of up to five years and were forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee or director terminated his or her employment or relationship with Clear Channel prior to the lapse of the restriction. Recipients of the restricted stock awards were entitled to all cash dividends as of the date the award was granted.
At July 30, 2008, there were 2,692,904 outstanding Clear Channel restricted stock awards held by Clear Channel’s employees and directors under Clear Channel’s equity incentive plans. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, 1,876,315 of the Clear Channel restricted stock awards became fully vested and converted into the right to receive, with respect to each share of such restricted stock, a cash payment or equity in the Company equal to the value of $36.00 per share. The remaining 816,589 shares of Clear Channel restricted stock were converted on a one-for-one basis into restricted stock of the Company. These converted shares continue to vest in accordance with their original terms. Following the merger, Clear Channel restricted stock automatically ceased to exist and is no longer outstanding, and, following the receipt of the cash payment or equity, if any, described above, the holders thereof no longer have any rights with respect to Clear Channel restricted stock.
The following table presents a summary of Clear Channel’s restricted stock outstanding at and restricted stock activity during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 (“Price” reflects the weighted average share price at the date of grant):
         
(In thousands, except per share data) Awards Price
Outstanding, January 1, 2008  3,301  $34.52 
Granted     n/a 
Vested (restriction lapsed) (a)  (470)  36.58 
Forfeited  (138)  33.60 
Settled at merger (b)  (1,876)  32.53 
Converted into restricted stock of the Company  (817)  38.06 
         
Outstanding, July 30, 2008  0   n/a 
         
(a)Clear Channel received an income tax benefit of $6.5 million relating to restricted shares that vested during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008.
(b)Upon closing of the merger, 1.9 million shares of Clear Channel restricted stock became vested. As a result, Clear Channel recorded $26.3 million in non-cash compensation on July 30, 2008. Clear Channel received an income tax benefit of $25.4 million relating to the restricted shares settled upon closing of the merger, $23.2 million was recorded as a tax benefit on the consolidated statements of operations and $2.2 million was recorded to additional paid in capital.
On July 30, 2008, the Company granted 555,556 shares of restricted stock to each its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer under its 2008 Incentive Plan. The aggregate fair value of these awards was $40.0 million, based on the market value of a share of the Company’s Class A common stock on the grant date, or $36.00 per share. These Class A common shares are subject to restrictions on their transferability, which lapse ratably over a

104


term of five years and will be forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee terminates his employment or relationship with the Company prior to the lapse of the restriction. The following table presents a summary of the Company’s restricted stock outstanding at and restricted stock activity during the post-merger period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 (“Price” reflects the weighted average share price at the date of grant):
         
(In thousands, except per share data) Awards Price
Clear Channel restricted stock converted  817  $36.00 
Granted  1,111   36.00 
Vested (restriction lapsed)  (1)  36.00 
Forfeited  (40)  36.00 
         
Outstanding, December 31, 2008  1,887   36.00 
         
Subsidiary Share-Based Awards
The Company’s subsidiary, Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (“CCO”), grants options to purchase shares of its Class A common stock to its employees and directors and its affiliates under its equity incentive plan typically at no less than the fair market value of the underlying stock on the date of grant. These options are granted for a term not exceeding ten years and are forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee or director terminates his or her employment or relationship with CCO or one of its affiliates. These options vest over a period of up to five years. The incentive stock plan contains anti-dilutive provisions that permit an adjustment of the number of shares of CCO’s common stock represented by each option for any change in capitalization.
Prior to CCO’s IPO, CCO did not have any compensation plans under which it granted stock awards to employees. However, Clear Channel had granted certain of CCO’s officers and other key employees, stock options to purchase shares of Clear Channel’s common stock under its own equity incentive plans. Concurrent with the closing of CCO’s IPO, all such outstanding options to purchase shares of Clear Channel’s common stock held by CCO employees were converted using an intrinsic value method into options to purchase shares of CCO Class A common stock.
The fair value of each option awarded on CCO common stock is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Expected volatilities are based on implied volatilities from traded options on CCO’s stock, historical volatility on CCO’s stock, and other factors. The expected life of options granted represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. CCO uses historical data to estimate option exercises and employee terminations within the valuation model. CCO includes estimated forfeitures in its compensation cost and updates the estimated forfeiture rate through the final vesting date of awards. The risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods equal to the expected life of the option. The following assumptions were used to calculate the fair value of CCO’s options on the date of grant:
                 
  Post-Merger Pre-Merger
  Period from Period from    
  July 31 January 1    
  through through Year Ended Year Ended
  December 31, July 30, December 31, December 31,
  2008 2008 2007 2006
Expected volatility  n/a  27% 27% 27%
Expected life in years  n/a  5.5 — 7.0 5.0 — 7.0 5.0 — 7.5
Risk-free interest rate  n/a  3.24% — 3.38% 4.76% — 4.89% 4.58% — 5.08%
Dividend yield  n/a  0% 0% 0%

105

these options:


CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

   2011  2010  2009

Expected volatility

  67%  58%  58%

Expected life in years

  6.3 – 6.5  5.0 – 7.0  5.5 – 7.5

Risk-free interest rate

  1.22% – 2.37%  2.03% – 2.74%  2.30% – 3.26%

Dividend yield

  0%  0%  0%

The following table presents a summary of CCO’sthe Company’s stock options outstanding at and stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2008 (“2011(“Price” reflects the weighted average exercise price per share):

                 
          Weighted  
          Average Aggregate
          Remaining Intrinsic
(In thousands, except per share data) Options Price Contractual Term Value
Pre-Merger
                
Outstanding, January 1, 2008  7,536  $23.08         
Granted (a)  1,881   20.64         
Exercised (b)  (233)  18.28         
Forfeited  (346)  19.95         
Expired  (548)  30.62         
                 
Outstanding, July 30, 2008  8,290   22.30         
                 
Post-Merger
                
                 
Granted     n/a         
Exercised     n/a         
Forfeited  (49)  19.87         
Expired  (528)  26.41         
                 
Outstanding, December 31, 2008  7,713   22.03  5.2 years $ 
                 
Exercisable  2,979   24.28  2.4 years   
Expect to vest  4,734   20.62  6.9 years   

(In thousands, except per share data)  Options Price  Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
  Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

Outstanding, January 1, 2011

  6,320 $32.93    

Granted(1)

  2,948 17.32    

Exercised

       

Forfeited

  (3,824) 34.33    

Expired

  (402) 36.00    
  

 

     

Outstanding, December 31, 2011(2)

  5,042 22.49  8.2 years  $        —
  

 

     

Exercisable

  994 25.04  6.3 years            —

Expected to Vest

  2,050 25.05  8.8 years            —

(a)(1)The weighted average grant date fair value of CCO options granted during the pre-merger prior from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008 was $7.10. The weighted average grant date fair value of CCO options granted during the pre-merger years ended December 31, 20072011, 2010, and 20062009 was $11.05$2.69, $4.79, and $6.76, respectively.
(b)Cash received from CCO option exercises during the pre-merger period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008, was $4.3 million. Cash received from CCO option exercises during the pre-merger year ended December 31, 2007, was $10.8 million. The total intrinsic value of CCO options exercised during the pre-merger period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008, was $0.7 million. The total intrinsic value of CCO options exercised during the pre-merger years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, was $2.0 million and $0.3 million,$0.12 per share, respectively.
(2)Non-cash compensation expense has not been recorded with respect to 2.0 million shares as the vesting of these options is subject to performance conditions that have not yet been determined probable to meet.

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A summary of CCO’s nonvestedthe Company’s unvested options at and changes during the year ended December 31, 2008, is2011is presented below:
         
      Weighted
      Average
      Grant Date
(In thousands, except per share data) Options Fair Value
Pre-Merger
        
Nonvested, January 1, 2008  4,622  $7.01 
Granted  1,881   7.10 
Vested (a)  (978)  5.81 
Forfeited  (346)  7.01 
         
Nonvested, July 31, 2008  5,179   7.28 
         
Post-Merger
        
         
Granted     n/a 
Vested (a)  (396)  5.81 
Forfeited  (49)  7.17 
         
Nonvested, December 31, 2008  4,734   7.40 
         

(In thousands, except per share data)  Options Weighted Average
Grant Date

Fair Value

Unvested, January 1, 2011

  5,234 $    18.32

Granted

  2,948         2.69

Vested(1)

  (310)       12.11

Forfeited

  (3,824)       18.65
  

 

 

Unvested, December 31, 2011

  4,048         7.10
  

 

 

(a)(1)The total fair value of CCOthe options vested during the pre-merger period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008 was $5.7 million. The total fair value of CCO options vested during the post-merger period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 was $2.3 million. The total fair value of CCO options vested during the pre-merger years ended December 31, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009 was $2.0$3.8 million, $4.5 million and $1.6$4.4 million, respectively.

Restricted Stock Awards

CCO also grants

The Company has granted restricted stock awards to its employees and directors of CCO andaffiliates under its affiliates.equity incentive plan. These common shares hold a legend which restricts theirare restricted in transferability for a term of up to five years and are forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee terminatesterminated his or her employment or relationship with CCOthe Company prior to the lapse of the restriction. RestrictedRecipients of the restricted stock awards are granted underwere entitled to all cash dividends as of the CCO equity incentive plan.

date the award was granted.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The following table presents a summary of CCO’sthe Company’s restricted stock outstanding at and restricted stock activity during the year ended December 31, 20082011 (“Price” reflects the weighted average share price at the date of grant):

         
(In thousands, except per share data) Awards Price
Pre-Merger
        
Outstanding, January 1, 2008  491  $24.57 
Granted     n/a 
Vested (restriction lapsed)  (72)  29.03 
Forfeited  (15)  25.77 
         
Outstanding, July 30, 2008  404   23.76 
         
Post-Merger
        
         
Granted     n/a 
Vested (restriction lapsed)  (46)  18.00 
Forfeited  (7)  21.34 
         
Outstanding, December 31, 2008  351   24.54 
         

(In thousands, except per share data)   
   Awards Price

Outstanding January 1, 2011

            895     $36.00

Granted

           —   

Vested (restriction lapsed)

       (438) 36.00

Forfeited

          (12) 36.00
  

 

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2011

          445 36.00
  

 

 

CCOH Share-Based Awards

Share-basedCCOH Stock Options

The Company’s subsidiary, CCOH, has granted options to purchase shares of its Class A common stock to employees and directors of CCOH and its affiliates under its equity incentive plan at no less than the fair market value of the underlying stock on the date of grant. These options are granted for a term not exceeding ten years and are forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee or director terminates his or her employment or relationship with CCOH or one of its affiliates. These options vest solely on continued service over a period of up to five years. The equity incentive stock plan contains anti-dilutive provisions that permit an adjustment of the number of shares of CCOH’s common stock represented by each option for any change in capitalization.

The fair value of each option awarded on CCOH common stock is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of CCOH’s stock over the expected life of the options. The expected life of options granted represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. CCOH uses historical data to estimate option exercises and employee terminations within the valuation model. CCOH includes estimated forfeitures in its compensation cost and updates the estimated forfeiture rate through the final vesting date of awards. The risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods equal to the expected life of the option. The following assumptions were used to calculate the fair value of CCOH’s options on the date of grant:

   Years Ended December 31,
   2011  2010  2009

Expected volatility

  57%  58%  58%

Expected life in years

  6.3  5.5 – 7.0  5.5 – 7.0

Risk-free interest rate

  1.26% – 2.75%  1.38% – 3.31%  2.31% – 3.25%

Dividend yield

  0%  0%  0%

The following table presents a summary of CCOH’s stock options outstanding at and stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2011(“Price” reflects the weighted average exercise price per share):

(In thousands, except per share data)  Options   Price   Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
  Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 

Outstanding, January 1, 2011

   9,041      $15.55      

Granted(1)

   1,908       14.69      

Exercised(2)

   (220)       6.39      

Forfeited

   (834)       11.71      

Expired

   (904)       24.08      
  

 

 

       

Outstanding, December 31, 2011

   8,991       15.10    6.0 years  $14,615  
  

 

 

       

Exercisable

   4,998       17.64    4.3 years   5,725  

Expected to Vest

   3,638       11.88    8.2 years   8,320  

(1)The weighted average grant date fair value of CCOH options granted during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $8.30, $5.65 and $3.38 per share, respectively.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

(2)Cash received from option exercises during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $1.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively. The total intrinsic value of the options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $1.5 million and $1.1 million, respectively. No options were exercised during the year ended December 31, 2009.

A summary of CCOH’s unvested options at and changes during the year ended December 31, 2011 is presented below:

(In thousands, except per share data)  Options   Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

Unvested, January 1, 2011

   4,389      $5.31

Granted

   1,908        8.30

Vested(1)

   (1,470)        5.59

Forfeited

   (834)        6.15
  

 

 

   

Unvested, December 31, 2011

   3,993        6.41
  

 

 

   

(1)The total fair value of CCOH options vested during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $8.2 million, $15.9 million and $9.9 million, respectively.

Restricted Stock Awards

CCOH has also granted both restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards to its employees and affiliates under its equity incentive plan. The restricted stock awards represent shares of Class A common stock that hold a legend which restricts their transferability for a term of up to five years. The restricted stock units represent the right to receive shares upon vesting, which is generally over a period of up to five years. Both restricted stock awards and restricted stock units are forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee terminates his or her employment or relationship with CCOH prior to the lapse of the restriction.

The following table presents a summary of CCOH’s restricted stock and restricted stock units outstanding at and activity during the year ended December 31, 2011 (“Price” reflects the weighted average share price at the date of grant):

(In thousands, except per share data)        
   Awards   Price 

Outstanding, January 1, 2011

   180      $ 15.36  

Granted

   —      

Vested (restriction lapsed)

   (88)       19.44  

Forfeited

   (9)       29.03  
  

 

 

   

Outstanding, December 31, 2011

   83       8.69  
  

 

 

   

Share-Based Compensation Cost

The share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The following table presents the amount of

107


share-based compensation recorded during the five monthsyears ended December 31, 2008,2011, 2010 and 2009:

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

Direct operating expenses

    $  10,013        $  11,996        $  11,361    

Selling, general &administrative expenses

   5,359       7,109       7,304    

Corporate expenses

   5,295       15,141       21,121    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total share based compensation expense

    $  20,667        $  34,246        $  39,786    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The tax benefit related to the seven months ended July 30, 2008 andshare-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 20072011, 2010, and 2006:

                  
  Post-Merger   Pre-Merger 
  July 31   January 1  Year Ended  Year Ended 
  December 31,   July 30,  December 31,  December 31, 
(In thousands) 2008   2008  2007  2006 
Direct Expense $4,631   $21,162  $16,975  $16,142 
Selling, General & Administrative Expense  2,687    21,213   14,884   16,762 
Corporate Expense  8,593    20,348   12,192   9,126 
              
Total Share Based Compensation Expense $15,911   $62,723  $44,051  $42,030 
              
2009 was $7.9 million, $13.0 million, and $15.1 million, respectively.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

As of December 31, 2008,2011, there was $130.3$42.8 million of unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements that will vest based on service conditions. This cost is expected to be recognized over fourtwo years. In addition, as of December 31, 2008,2011, there was $80.2$15.2 million of unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements that will vest based on market, performance and service conditions. This cost will be recognized when it becomes probable that the performance condition will be satisfied.

Included in corporate share-based compensation for the year ended December 31, 2011 is a $6.6 million reversal of expense related to the cancellation of a portion of an executive’s stock options. Additionally, the Company completed a voluntary stock option exchange program on March 21, 2011 and exchanged 2.5 million stock options granted under the Clear Channel 2008 Executive Incentive Plan for 1.3 million replacement stock options with a lower exercise price and different service and performance conditions. The Company accounted for the exchange program as a modification of the existing awards under ASC 718 and will recognize incremental compensation expense of approximately $1.0 million over the service period of the new awards.

During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company recorded additional share-based compensation expense of $6.0 million in “Corporate expenses” related to shares tendered by Mark P. Mays to the Company on August 23, 2010 for purchase at $36.00 per share pursuant to a put option included in his amended employment agreement.

Reconciliation of Earnings (Loss)Loss per Share

                  
  Post-merger   Pre-merger       
  period ended   period ended       
  December 31,   July 30,  Pre-merger  Pre-merger 
(In thousands, except per share data) 2008   2008  2007  2006 
NUMERATOR:                 
Income (loss) before discontinued operations $(5,040,153)  $396,289  $792,674  $638,839 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  (1,845)   640,236   145,833   52,678 
              
Net income (loss) — basic and diluted  (5,041,998)   1,036,525   938,507   691,517 
                  
DENOMINATOR:                 
Weighted average common shares — basic  81,242    495,044   494,347   500,786 
                  
Effect of dilutive securities:                 
Stock options and common stock warrants (a)      1,475   1,437   853 
              
Denominator for net income (loss) per common share — diluted  81,242    496,519   495,784   501,639 
              
                  
Net income (loss) per common share:                 
Income (loss) before discontinued operations — Basic $(62.04)  $.80  $1.60  $1.27 
Discontinued operations — Basic  (.02)   1.29   .30   .11 
              
Net income (loss) — Basic $(62.06)  $2.09  $1.90  $1.38 
              
Income (loss) before discontinued operations — Diluted $(62.04)  $.80  $1.60  $1.27 
Discontinued operations — Diluted  (.02)   1.29   .29   .11 
              
Net income (loss) — Diluted $(62.06)  $2.09  $1.89  $1.38 
              

(In thousands, except per share data)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

NUMERATOR:

      

Net loss attributable to the Company – common shares

    $  (302,094)        $  (479,089)        $  (4,034,086)    

Less: Participating securities dividends

   2,972       5,916       6,799  

Less: Income (loss) attributable to the Company – unvested shares

   —       —       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to the Company per common share – basic and diluted

    $  (305,066)        $  (485,005)        $  (4,040,885)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

DENOMINATOR:

      

Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic

   82,487       81,653       81,296    

Effect of dilutive securities:

      

Stock options and common stock warrants(1)

   —       —       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted

   82,487       81,653       81,296    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to the Company per common share:

      

Basic

    $  (3.70)        $  (5.94)        $  (49.71)    

Diluted

    $  (3.70)        $  (5.94)        $(49.71)    

(1)
(a)7.65.5 million, 7.8 million, 22.27.2 million and 24.27.6 million stock options and restricted shares were outstanding at July 30, 2008, December 31, 2008, December 31, 20072011, 2010, and December 31, 20062009, respectively, that were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because to do so would have been anti-dilutive as the respective options’ strike price was greater than the current market price of the shares.

108


NOTE N —11 – EMPLOYEE STOCK AND SAVINGS PLANS

The Company has various 401(k) savings and other plans for the purpose of providing retirement benefits for substantially all employees. Under these plans, an employee can make pre-tax contributions and the Company will match a portion of such an employee’s contribution. Employees vest in these Company matching contributions based upon their years of service to the Company. Contributions from continuing operationsof $27.8 million, $29.8 million and $23.0 million to these plans of $12.4 million for the post-merger periodyears ended December 31, 20082011, 2010 and $17.9 million for the pre-merger period ended July 30, 20082009, respectively, were charged to expense. Contributions from continuing operations to these plans of $39.1 million and $36.2 million were charged to expense for 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Clear Channel sponsored a non-qualified employee stock purchase plan for all eligible employees. Under the plan, employees were provided with the opportunity to purchase shares of the Clear Channel’s common stock at 95% of the market value on the day of purchase. During each calendar year, employees were able to purchase shares having a value not exceeding 10% of their annual gross compensation or $25,000, whichever was lower. During 2006, employees purchased 144,444 shares at weighted average share price of $28.56.expensed. The Company stopped accepting contributionssuspended the matching contribution as of April 30, 2009 and reinstated the matching contribution effective April 1, 2010 retroactive to this plan, effective January 1, 2007, as a condition of its Merger Agreement. Clear Channel terminated this plan upon the closing of the merger and each share held under the plan was converted into the right to receive a cash payment equal to the value of $36.00 per share.
Clear Channel offered a non-qualified deferred compensation plan for its highly compensated executives, under which such executives were able to make an annual election to defer up to 50% of their annual salary and up to 80% of their bonus before taxes. Clear Channel accounted for the plan in accordance with the provisions of EITF No. 97-14,Accounting for Deferred Compensation Arrangements Where Amounts Earned are Held in a Rabbi Trust and Invested. The asset and liability under the nonqualified deferred compensation plan at December 31, 2007 were approximately $39.5 million recorded in “Other assets” and $40.9 million recorded in “Other long-term liabilities”, respectively. Clear Channel terminated this plan upon the closing of the merger and the related asset and liability of approximately $38.4 million were settled.
2010.

The Company offers a non-qualified deferred compensation plan for its highly compensated executives, under which such executives are able to make an annual election to defer up to 50% of their annual salary and up to 80% of their bonus before taxes. The Company accounts for the plan in accordance with the provisions of EITF No. 97-14,Accounting for Deferred Compensation Arrangements Where Amounts Earned are Held in a Rabbi Trust and Invested.ASC 710-10. Matching credits on amounts deferred may be made in the Company’s sole discretion and the Company retains ownership of all assets until distributed. Participants in the plan have the opportunity to allocate their deferrals and any Company matching credits among different investment options, the performance of which is used to determine the amounts to be paid to participants under the plan. In accordance with the provisions of EITF No. 97-14,ASC 710-10, the assets and liabilities of the non-qualified deferred compensation plan are

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

presented in “Other assets” and “Other long-term liabilities” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, respectively. The asset and liability under the deferred compensation plan at December 31, 2008 were2011 was approximately $2.5$10.5 million recorded in “Other assets” and $2.5$10.5 million recorded in Other“Other long-term liabilities”, respectively.

109

The asset and liability under the deferred compensation plan at December 31, 2010 was approximately $11.3 million recorded in “Other assets” and $11.3 million recorded in “Other long-term liabilities”, respectively.


NOTE O —12 – OTHER INFORMATION
                 
  Post-merger  Pre-merger    
  period ended  period ended  For the year ended 
  December 31,  July 30,  December 31, 
(In thousands) 2008  2008  2007  2006 
The following details the components of “Other income (expense) — net”:                
Foreign exchange gain (loss) $21,323  $7,960  $6,743  $(8,130)
Gain (loss) on early redemption of debt  108,174   (13,484)      
Other  2,008   412   (1,417)  (463)
             
Total other income (expense) — net $131,505  $(5,112) $5,326  $(8,593)
             
                 
The following details the income tax expense (benefit) on items of other comprehensive income (loss):                
Foreign currency translation adjustments $(20,946) $(24,894) $(16,233) $(22,012)
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities and derivatives:                
Unrealized holding gain (loss) $  $(27,047) $(5,155) $(37,091)
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow derivatives $(43,706) $  $(1,035) $46,662 
         
  As of December 31, 
(In thousands) 2008  2007 
The following details the components of “Other current assets”: Post-merger  Pre-merger 
Inventory $28,012  $27,900 
Deferred tax asset  43,903   20,854 
Deposits  7,162   27,696 
Other prepayments  53,280   90,631 
Income taxes receivable  46,615    
Other  83,216   76,167 
       
Total other current assets $262,188  $243,248 
       
         
  As of December 31, 
(In thousands) 2008  2007 
The following details the components of “Other assets”: Post-merger  Pre-merger 
Prepaid expenses $125,768  $18,709 
Deferred loan costs  295,143   11,678 
Deposits  27,943   14,507 
Prepaid rent  92,171   74,077 
Other prepayments  16,685   70,265 
Prepaid income taxes     75,096 
Non-qualified plan assets  2,550   39,459 
       
Total other assets $560,260  $303,791 
       

110


The following table discloses the components of “Other income (expense)” for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively:

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

Foreign exchange gain (loss)

    $  (234)        $  (12,783)        $  (15,298)    

Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment

   (1,447)       60,289       713,034    

Other

   (2,935)       (1,051)       (18,020)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income (expense) – net

    $  (4,616)        $  46,455        $  679,716    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following table discloses the deferred income tax (asset) liability related to each component of other comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively:

         
  As of December 31, 
  2008  2007 
(In thousands) Post-merger  Pre-merger 
The following details the components of “Other long-term liabilities”:        
FIN 48 unrecognized tax benefits $266,852  $237,085 
Asset retirement obligation  55,592   70,497 
Non-qualified plan liabilities  2,550   40,932 
SAILS obligation     103,849 
Interest rate swap  118,785    
Other  131,960   115,485 
       
Total other long-term liabilities $575,739  $567,848 
       
         
  2008  2007 
  Post-merger  Pre-merger 
The following details the components of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)”:        
Cumulative currency translation adjustment $(364,164) $314,282 
Cumulative unrealized gain (losses) on securities  (95,669)  67,693 
Reclassification adjustments  95,687    
Cumulative unrealized gain (losses) on cash flow derivatives  (75,079)  1,723 
       
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) $(439,225) $383,698 
       

(In thousands)  Years Ended December 31, 
   2011   2010   2009 

Foreign currency translation adjustments

    $  (449)        $  5,916        $  16,569    

Unrealized holding gain on marketable securities

   2,667         14,475       6,743    

Unrealized holding gain (loss) on cash flow derivatives

   20,157         9,067       (44,350)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total income tax benefit (expense)

    $  22,375        $  29,458        $  (21,038)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following table discloses the components of “Other current assets” as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively:

(In thousands)  As of December 31, 
   2011   2010 

Inventory

    $  21,157        $  22,517    

Deferred tax asset

   16,573       25,724    

Deposits

   15,167       30,966    

Deferred loan costs

   53,672       50,133    

Other

   84,043       54,913    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other current assets

    $  190,612        $  184,253    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following table discloses the components of “Other assets” as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively:

(In thousands)  As of December 31, 
   2011   2010 

Investments in, and advances to, nonconsolidated affiliates

    $  359,687        $  357,751    

Other investments

   77,766       75,332    

Notes receivable

   512       761    

Prepaid expenses

   600       794    

Deferred loan costs

   188,823       204,772    

Deposits

   17,790       13,804    

Prepaid rent

   79,244       79,683    

Other

   36,917       21,723    

Non-qualified plan assets

   10,539       11,319    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other assets

    $  771,878        $  765,939    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The following table discloses the components of “Other long-term liabilities” as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively:

$000,000,00$000,000,00
(In thousands)  As of December 31, 
   2011   2010 

Unrecognized tax benefits

    $212,672         $269,347     

Asset retirement obligation

   50,983        52,099     

Non-qualified plan liabilities

   10,539        11,319     

Interest rate swap

   159,124        213,056     

Deferred income

   15,246        13,408     

Redeemable noncontrolling interest

   57,855        57,765     

Deferred rent

   81,599        61,650     

Employee related liabilities

   40,145        34,551     

Other

   79,725        63,481     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other long-term liabilities

    $707,888         $776,676     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following table discloses the components of “Accumulated other comprehensive loss,” net of tax, as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively:

$000,000,00$000,000,00
(In thousands)  As of December 31, 
   2011   2010 

Cumulative currency translation adjustment

    $(212,761)        $(179,639)    

Cumulative unrealized gain (losses) on securities

   41,302        36,698     

Cumulative other adjustments

   5,708        8,192     

Cumulative unrealized gain (losses) on cash flow derivatives

   (100,292)       (134,067)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss

    $(266,043)        $(268,816)    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

NOTE P —13 – SEGMENT DATA

The Company’s reportable operating segments, which it believes best reflectsreflect how the Company is currently managed, are radio broadcasting,CCME, Americas outdoor advertising and internationalInternational outdoor advertising. Revenue and expenses earned and charged between segments are recorded at fair value and eliminated in consolidation. The radio broadcastingCCME segment provides media and entertainment services via broadcast and digital delivery and also operates various radio networks.includes the Company’s national syndication business. The Americas outdoor advertising segment consists of our operations primarily in the United States, Canada and Latin America, with approximately 92%89% of its 20082011 revenue in this segment derived from the United States. The international outdoor segment primarily includes operations in Europe, Asia and Australia. The Americas outdoor and internationalInternational outdoor display inventory consists primarily of billboards, street furniture displays and transit displays. The otherOther category includes ourthe Company’s media representation firm as well as other general support services and initiatives which are ancillary to ourthe Company’s other businesses. Corporate includes infrastructure and support including, information technology, human resources, legal, finance and administrative functions of each of the Company’s operating segments, as well as overall executive, administrative and support functions. Share-based payments are recorded by each segment in direct operating and selling, general and administrative expenses.

111


CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

                             
      Americas  International              
  Radio  Outdoor  Outdoor      Corporate and other       
(In thousands) Broadcasting  Advertising  Advertising  Other  reconciling items  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Post-Merger Period from July 31, 2008 through December 31, 2008
                            
Revenue $1,355,894  $587,427  $739,797  $97,975  $  $(44,152) $2,736,941 
Direct operating expenses  409,090   276,602   486,102   46,193      (19,642)  1,198,345 
Selling, general and administrative expenses  530,445   114,260   147,264   39,328      (24,510)  806,787 
Depreciation and amortization  90,166   90,624   134,089   24,722   8,440      348,041 
Corporate expenses              102,276      102,276 
Merger expenses              68,085      68,085 
Impairment charge              5,268,858      5,268,858 
Other operating income - net              13,205      13,205 
                      
Operating income (loss) $326,193  $105,941  $(27,658) $(12,268) $(5,434,454) $  $(5,042,246)
                      
                             
Intersegment revenues $15,926  $3,985  $  $24,241  $  $  $44,152 
Identifiable assets $11,905,689  $5,187,838  $2,409,652  $1,016,073  $606,211  $  $21,125,463 
Capital expenditures $24,462  $93,146  $66,067  $2,567  $4,011  $  $190,253 
Share-based payments $3,399  $3,012  $797  $110  $8,593  $  $15,911 
                             
Pre-Merger Period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008
                            
Revenue $1,937,980  $842,831  $1,119,232  $111,990  $  $(60,291) $3,951,742 
Direct operating expenses  570,234   370,924   748,508   46,490      (30,057)  1,706,099 
Selling, general and administrative expenses  652,162   138,629   206,217   55,685      (30,234)  1,022,459 
Depreciation and amortization  62,656   117,009   130,628   28,966   9,530      348,789 
Corporate expenses              125,669      125,669 
Merger expenses              87,684      87,684 
Other operating income — net              14,827      14,827 
                      
Operating income (loss) $652,928  $216,269  $33,879  $(19,151) $(208,056) $  $675,869 
                      
                             
Intersegment revenues $23,551  $4,561  $  $32,179  $  $  $60,291 
Identifiable assets $11,667,570  $2,876,051  $2,704,889  $558,638  $656,616  $  $18,463,764 
Capital expenditures $37,004  $82,672  $116,450  $1,609  $2,467  $  $240,202 
Share-based payments $34,386  $5,453  $1,370  $1,166  $20,348  $  $62,723 

112


The following table presents the Company’s operating segment results for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009.

(In thousands)  CCME   Americas
Outdoor

Advertising
   International
Outdoor

Advertising
   Other   Corporate and
other
reconciling
items
   Eliminations   Consolidated 

Year Ended December 31, 2011

              

Revenue

  $2,986,828      $1,336,592      $1,667,282      $234,542      $—      $(63,892)     $6,161,352    

Direct operating expenses

   849,265       607,210       1,031,591       27,807       —       (11,837)      2,504,036    

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   980,960       225,217       315,655       147,481       —       (52,055)      1,617,258    

Depreciation and amortization

   268,245       222,554       208,410       49,827       14,270       —       763,306    

Corporate expenses

   —       —       —       —       227,096       —       227,096    

Impairment charges

   —       —       —       —       7,614       —       7,614    

Other operating income – net

   —       —       —       —       12,682       —       12,682    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

  $888,358      $281,611      $111,626      $9,427      $(236,298)     $—      $1,054,724    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Intersegment revenues

  $—      $4,141      $—      $59,751      $—      $—      $63,892    

Segment assets

  $8,364,246      $4,036,584      $2,015,687      $809,212      $1,316,310      $—      $16,542,039    

Capital expenditures

  $61,434      $132,770      $159,973      $—      $9,797      $—      $363,974    

Share-based compensation expense

  $4,606      $7,601      $3,165      $—      $5,295      $—      $20,667    

Year Ended December 31, 2010

              

Revenue

  $2,869,224      $1,290,014      $1,507,980      $261,461    $—      $(62,994)    $5,865,685    

Direct operating expenses

   808,592       588,592       971,380       27,953     —       (14,870)     2,381,647    

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   963,853       218,776       275,880       159,827     —       (48,124)     1,570,212    

Depreciation and amortization

   256,673       209,127       204,461       52,965     9,643       —       732,869    

Corporate expenses

   —       —       —       —       284,042       —       284,042    

Impairment charges

   —       —       —       —       15,364       —       15,364    

Other operating expense – net

   —       —       —       —       (16,710)      —       (16,710)   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

  $840,106      $273,519      $56,259    $20,716    $(325,759)     $—      $864,841    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Intersegment revenues

  $—      $4,173      $—      $58,821    $—      $—      $62,994    

Segment assets

  $8,411,953      $4,578,130      $2,059,892      $812,189    $1,598,218      $—      $17,460,382    

Capital expenditures

  $35,463      $96,720      $98,553      $—      $10,728      $—      $241,464    

Share-based compensation expense

  $7,152      $9,207      $2,746      $—      $15,141      $—      $34,246    

Year Ended December 31, 2009

              

Revenue

  $2,705,367      $1,238,171      $1,459,853      $200,467    $—      $(51,949)    $5,551,909    

Direct operating expenses

   885,870       608,078       1,017,005       29,912     —       (11,411)     2,529,454    

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   918,397       202,196       282,208       158,139     —       (40,538)     1,520,402    

Depreciation and amortization

   261,246       210,280       229,367       56,379     8,202       —       765,474    

Corporate expenses

   —       —       —       —       253,964       —       253,964    

Impairment charges

   —       —       —       —       4,118,924       —       4,118,924    

Other operating expense – net

   —       —       —       —       (50,837)      —       (50,837)   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

  $639,854      $217,617      $(68,727)     $(43,963)    $(4,431,927)     $—      $(3,687,146)   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Intersegment revenues

  $937      $2,767      $—      $48,245    $—      $—      $51,949    

Segment assets

  $8,601,490      $4,722,975      $2,216,691      $771,346    $1,734,599      $—      $18,047,101    

Capital expenditures

  $41,880      $84,440      $91,513      $—      $5,959      $—      $223,792    

Share-based compensation expense

  $8,276      $7,977      $2,412      $—      $21,121      $—      $39,786    

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

                             
      Americas  International              
  Radio  Outdoor  Outdoor      Corporate and other       
(In thousands) Broadcasting  Advertising  Advertising  Other  reconciling items  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Pre-merger 2007
                            
Revenue $3,558,534  $1,485,058  $1,796,778  $207,704  $  $(126,872) $6,921,202 
Direct operating expenses  982,966   590,563   1,144,282   78,513      (63,320)  2,733,004 
Selling, general and administrative expenses  1,190,083   226,448   311,546   97,414      (63,552)  1,761,939 
Depreciation and amortization  107,466   189,853   209,630   43,436   16,242      566,627 
Corporate expenses              181,504      181,504 
Merger expenses              6,762      6,762 
Other operating income - net              14,113      14,113 
                      
Operating income (loss) $1,278,019  $478,194  $131,320  $(11,659) $(190,395) $  $1,685,479 
                      
                             
Intersegment revenues $44,666  $13,733  $  $68,473  $  $  $126,872 
Identifiable assets $11,732,311  $2,878,753  $2,606,130  $736,037  $345,404  $  $18,298,635 
Capital expenditures $78,523  $142,826  $132,864  $2,418  $6,678  $  $363,309 
Share-based payments $22,226  $7,932  $1,701  $  $12,192  $  $44,051 
                             
Pre-merger 2006
                            
Revenue $3,567,413  $1,341,356  $1,556,365  $223,929  $  $(121,273) $6,567,790 
Direct operating expenses  994,686   534,365   980,477   82,372      (59,456)  2,532,444 
Selling, general and administrative expenses  1,185,770   207,326   279,668   98,010      (61,817)  1,708,957 
Depreciation and amortization  125,631   178,970   228,760   47,772   19,161      600,294 
Corporate expenses              196,319      196,319 
Merger expenses              7,633      7,633 
Other operating income — net              71,571      71,571 
                      
Operating income (loss) $1,261,326  $420,695  $67,460  $(4,225) $(151,542) $  $1,593,714 
                      
                             
Intersegment revenues $40,119  $10,536  $  $70,618  $  $  $121,273 
Identifiable assets $11,873,784  $2,820,737  $2,401,924  $701,239  $360,440  $  $18,158,124 
Capital expenditures $93,264  $90,495  $143,387  $2,603  $6,990  $  $336,739 
Share-based payments $25,237  $4,699  $1,312  $1,656  $9,126  $  $42,030 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Revenue of $799.8 million and identifiable assets of $2.6$1.8 billion, derived from foreign operations are included in the data above for the post-merger period from July 31, 2008 through December 31, 2008. Revenue of $1.2$1.7 billion and identifiable assets of $2.9 billion derived from foreign operations are included in the data above for the pre-merger period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008. Revenue of $1.9 billion and $1.7$1.6 billion derived from the Company’s foreign operations are included in the data above for the years ended December 31, 20072011, 2010 and 2006. 2009, respectively. Revenue of $4.3 billion, $4.2 billion and $4.0 billion derived from the Company’s U.S. operations are included in the data above for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Identifiable long-lived assets of $2.9 billion$797.7 million, $802.4 million and $2.7 billion$863.8 million derived from the Company’s foreign operations are included in the data above for the years ended December 31, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, respectively.

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Identifiable long-lived assets of $2.3 billion, $2.3 billion and $2.5 billion derived from the Company’s U.S. operations are included in the data above for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.


NOTE Q —14 – QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share data)

                                 
  March 31,  June 30,  September 30,  December 31, 
  2008  2007  2008  2007  2008  2007  2008  2007 
  Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Pre-merger  Combined(1)  Pre-merger  Post-merger  Pre-merger 
Revenue $1,564,207  $1,505,077  $1,831,078  $1,802,192  $1,684,593  $1,751,165  $1,608,805  $1,862,768 
Operating expenses:                                
Direct operating expenses  705,947   627,879   743,485   676,255   730,405   689,681   724,607   739,189 
Selling, general and administrative expenses  426,381   416,319   445,734   447,190   441,813   431,366   515,318   467,064 
Depreciation and amortization  152,278   139,685   142,188   141,309   162,463   139,650   239,901   145,983 
Corporate expenses  46,303   48,150   47,974   43,044   64,787   47,040   68,881   43,270 
Merger expenses  389   1,686   7,456   2,684   79,839   2,002   68,085   390 
Impairment charge                    5,268,858    
Other operating income — net  2,097   6,947   17,354   3,996   (3,782)  678   12,363   2,492 
                         
Operating income (loss)  235,006   278,305   461,595   495,706   201,504   442,104   (5,264,482)  469,364 
Interest expense  100,003   118,077   82,175   116,422   312,511   113,026   434,289   104,345 
Gain (loss) on marketable securities  6,526   395   27,736   (410)     676   (116,552)  6,081 
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  83,045   5,264   8,990   11,435   4,277   7,133   3,707   11,344 
Other income (expense) — net  11,787   (12)  (6,086)  340   (21,727)  (1,403)  142,419   6,401 
                         
Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations  236,361   165,875   410,060   390,649   (128,457)  335,484   (5,669,197)  388,845 
Income tax (expense) benefit  (66,581)  (70,466)  (125,137)  (159,786)  52,344   (70,125)  663,414   (140,771)
Minority interest income (expense) — net  (8,389)  (276)  (7,628)  (14,970)  (10,003)  (11,961)  9,349   (19,824)
                         
Income (loss) before discontinued operations  161,391   95,133   277,295   215,893   (86,116)  253,398   (4,996,434)  228,250 
Discontinued operations  638,262   7,089   5,032   20,097   (4,071)  26,338   (832)  92,309 
                         
Net income (loss) $799,653  $102,222  $282,327  $235,990  $(90,187) $279,736  $(4,997,266) $320,559 
                         
Net income per common share:                                
Basic:                                
Income (loss) before discontinued operations $.33  $.19  $.56  $.44   N.A.  $.51  $(61.50) $.46 
Discontinued operations  1.29   .02   .01   .04   N.A.   .06   (.01)  .19 
                          
Net income (loss) $1.62  $.21  $.57  $.48   N.A.  $.57  $(61.51) $.65 
                          
Diluted:                                
Income (loss) before discontinued operations $.32  $.19  $.56  $.44   N.A.  $.51  $(61.50) $.46 
Discontinued operations  1.29   .02   .01   .04   N.A.   .05   (.01)  .19 
                          
Net income (loss) $1.61  $.21  $.57  $.48   N.A.  $.56  $(61.51) $.65 
                          
Dividends declared per share $  $.1875  $  $.1875  $  $.1875  $  $.1875 

$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00$0,000,000,00
   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   Three Months Ended
June 30,
   Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Three Months Ended
December 31,
 
   2011   2010   2011   2010   2011   2010   2011   2010 

Revenue

  $1,320,826    $1,263,778    $1,604,386    $1,490,009    $1,583,352    $1,477,347    $1,652,788    $1,634,551  

Operating expenses:

                

Direct operating expenses

   584,069     584,213     630,015     584,852     654,163     583,301     635,789     629,281  

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   372,710     362,430     420,436     392,701     402,160     378,794     421,952     436,287  

Corporate expenses

   52,347     64,496     56,486     64,109     54,247     80,518     64,016     74,919  

Depreciation and amortization

   183,711     181,334     189,641     184,178     197,532     184,079     192,422     183,278  

Impairment charges

                                 7,614     15,364  

Other operating income (expense) – net

   16,714     3,772     3,229     3,264     (6,490)     (29,559)     (771)     5,813  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

   144,703     75,077     311,037     267,433     268,760     221,096     330,224     301,235  

Interest expense

   369,666     385,795     358,950     385,579     369,233     389,197     368,397     372,770  

Loss on marketable securities

                                 (4,827)     (6,490)  

Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates

   2,975     1,871     5,271     3,747     5,210     2,994     13,502     (2,910)  

Other income (expense) – net

   (2,036)     58,035     (4,517)     (787)     7,307     (5,700)     (5,370)     (5,093)  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before income taxes

   (224,024)     (250,812)     (47,159)     (115,186)     (87,956)     (170,807)     (34,868)     (86,028)  

Income tax benefit

   92,661     71,185     9,184     37,979     20,665     20,415     3,468     30,401  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated net loss

   (131,363)     (179,627)     (37,975)     (77,207)     (67,291)     (150,392)     (31,400)     (55,627)  

Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest

   469     (4,213)     15,204     9,117     6,765     4,293     11,627     7,039  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to the Company

  $(131,832)    $(175,414)    $(53,179)    $(86,324)    $(74,056)    $(154,685)    $(43,027)    $(62,666)  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to the Company per common share:

                

Basic:

  $(1.62)    $(2.17)    $(0.65)    $(1.06)    $(0.91)    $(1.91)    $(0.53)    $(0.80)  

Diluted:

  $(1.62)    $(2.17)    $(0.65)    $(1.06)    $(0.91)    $(1.91)    $(0.53)    $(0.80)  

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

NOTE 15 – CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company’s Class A common shares are quoted for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol CCMO.

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(1)   The third quarter results of operations contain two months of post-merger and one month of pre-merger results, which relate Clear Channel is a party to the period succeeding the merger and the periods preceding the merger, respectively. The Company believes that the presentation on a combined basis is more meaningful as it allows the results of operations to be analyzed to comparable periods in 2007. The following table separates the combined results into the post-merger and pre-merger periods:
             
  Post-merger       
  Period from July 31  Pre-merger  Combined 
  through  Period From July 1  Three Months ended 
  September 30,  through July 30,  September 30, 
(In thousands) 2008  2008  2008 
Revenue $1,128,136  $556,457  $1,684,593 
Operating expenses:            
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  473,738   256,667   730,405 
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  291,469   150,344   441,813 
Depreciation and amortization  108,140   54,323   162,463 
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)  33,395   31,392   64,787 
Merger expenses     79,839   79,839 
Gain (loss) on disposition of assets — net  842   (4,624)  (3,782)
          
Operating income (loss)  222,236   (20,732)  201,504 
Interest expense  281,479   31,032   312,511 
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  2,097   2,180   4,277 
Other income (expense) — net  (10,914)  (10,813)  (21,727)
          
Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations  (68,060)  (60,397)  (128,457)
Income tax benefit  33,209   19,135   52,344 
Minority interest expense, net of tax  8,868   1,135   10,003 
          
Income (loss) before discontinued operations  (43,719)  (42,397)  (86,116)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  (1,013)  (3,058)  (4,071)
          
Net income (loss) $(44,732) $(45,455) $(90,187)
          
             
Net income (loss) per common share:            
Income (loss) before discontinued operations — Basic $(.54) $(.09)    
Discontinued operations — Basic  (.01)       
           
Net income (loss) — Basic $(.55) $(.09)    
           
             
Weighted average common shares — basic  81,242   495,465     
Income (loss) before discontinued operations — Diluted $(.54) $(.09)    
Discontinued operations — Diluted  (.01)       
           
Net income (loss) — Diluted $(.55) $(.09)    
           
             
Weighted average common shares — diluted  81,242   495,465     
             
Dividends declared per share $  $     
NOTE R — CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In connectionmanagement agreement with the merger, the Company paid certain affiliates of the Sponsors $87.5 million in fees and expenses for financial and structural advice and analysis, assistance with due diligence investigations and debt financing negotiations and $15.9 million for reimbursement of escrow andcertain other out-of-pocket expenses. This amount was preliminarily allocated between merger expenses, debt issuance costs or included in the overall purchase price of the merger.

115


The Company has agreements with certain affiliates of the Sponsorsparties pursuant to which such affiliates of the Sponsors will provide management and financial advisory services to the Company until 2018. TheThese agreements require the Companymanagement fees to pay management feesbe paid to such affiliates of the Sponsors for such services at a rate not greater than $15.0 million per year, with any additional fees subject to approval by the Company’s board of directors.plus reimbursable expenses. For the post-merger periodyears ended December 31, 2008,2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company recognized Sponsors’ management fees and reimbursable expenses of $6.3 million.

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$15.7 million, $17.1 million and $20.5 million, respectively.


NOTE S — GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES
CertainAs part of the employment agreement for the Company’s domestic, wholly-ownednew Chief Executive Officer, the Company agreed to provide the Chief Executive Officer an aircraft for his personal and business use during the term of his employment. Subsequently, a subsidiary of the Company entered into a six-year aircraft lease with Yet Again Inc., a company controlled by the Chief Executive Officer, to lease an airplane for use by the Chief Executive Officer in exchange for a one-time upfront lease payment of $3.0 million. The Company’s subsidiary also is responsible for all related taxes, insurance, and maintenance costs during the lease term (other than discretionary upgrades, capital improvements or refurbishment). If the lease is terminated prior to the expiration of its term, Yet Again Inc. will be required to refund a pro rata portion of the lease payment and a pro rata portion of the tax associated with the amount of the lease payment refunded, based upon the period remaining in the term.

Additionally, subsequent to December 31, 2011, Clear Channel is in the process of negotiating a sublease with Pilot Group Manager, LLC, an entity that the Company’s Chief Executive Officer is a member of and an investor in, to rent space in Rockefeller Plaza in New York City through July 29, 2014. Fixed rent is expected to be approximately $0.6 million annually plus a proportionate share of building expenses. Pending finalization of the sublease, Clear Channel reimbursed Pilot Group Manager, LLC $40,000 per month for the use of its office space in Rockefeller Plaza in New York City.

Stock Purchases

On August 9, 2010, Clear Channel announced that its board of directors approved a stock purchase program under which Clear Channel or its subsidiaries (the “Guarantors”)may purchase up to an aggregate of $100 million of the Class A common stock of the Company and/or the Class A common stock of CCOH. The stock purchase program does not have fullya fixed expiration date and unconditionally guaranteed on a joint and several basis certain ofmay be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at Clear Channel’s outstanding debt obligations. The following consolidating schedules present condensed financial information on a combined basis:

Post-merger
                 
  December 31, 2008 
  Company, Clear          
  Channel and          
  Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash and cash equivalents $139,433  $100,413      $239,846 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance  622,255   809,049       1,431,304 
Intercompany receivables  15,061   431,641   (446,702)   
Prepaid expenses  62,752   70,465       133,217 
Other current assets  109,347   154,474   (1,633)  262,188 
             
Total Current Assets
  948,848   1,566,042   (448,335)  2,066,555 
Property, plant and equipment, net  959,555   2,588,604       3,548,159 
Definite-lived intangibles, net  1,869,528   1,012,192       2,881,720 
Indefinite-lived intangibles — licenses  3,019,803          3,019,803 
Indefinite-lived intangibles — permits     1,529,068       1,529,068 
Goodwill  5,809,000   1,281,621       7,090,621 
Notes receivable  8,493   3,140       11,633 
Intercompany notes receivable(a)
  2,500,000      (2,500,000)   
Investments in, and advances to, nonconsolidated affiliates     384,137       384,137 
Investment in subsidiaries  3,765,342      (3,765,342)   
Other assets  438,909   145,805   (24,454)  560,260 
Other investments  10,089   23,418       33,507 
             
Total Assets
 $19,329,567  $8,534,027  $(6,738,131) $21,125,463 
             
                 
Accounts payable $36,732  $118,508  $   $155,240 
Accrued expenses  295,402   497,964       793,366 
Accrued interest  182,605   292   (1,633)  181,264 
Intercompany payable  432,422   14,280   (446,702)   
Current portion of long-term debt(b)
  493,401   69,522       562,923 
Deferred income  40,268   112,885       153,153 
             
Total Current Liabilities
  1,480,830   813,451   (448,335)  1,845,946 
Long-term debt(b)
  18,986,269   32,332   (77,904)  18,940,697 
Intercompany long-term debt     2,500,000   (2,500,000)   
Deferred income taxes  1,647,282   1,032,030       2,679,312 
Other long-term liabilities  396,680   179,059       575,739 
Minority interest  252,103   211,813       463,916 
Total shareholders’ equity  (3,433,597)  3,765,342   (3,711,892)  (3,380,147)
             
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 $19,329,567  $8,534,027  $(6,738,131) $21,125,463 
             
discretion. During 2011, CC Finco purchased 1,553,971 shares of CCOH’s Class A common stock through open market purchases for approximately $16.4 million.

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

Not Applicable

ITEM 9A.
(a)Clear Channel has a note receivable in the original principal amount of $2.5 billion from Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. which matures on August 2, 2010 and may be prepaid in whole at any time, or in part from time to time. The note accrues interest at a variable per annum rate equal to the weighted average cost of debt for Clear Channel, calculated on a monthly basis. This note is mandatorily payable upon a change of control of Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. (as defined in the note) and, subject to certain exceptions, all net proceeds from debt or equity raised by Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. must be used to prepay such note. At December 31, 2008, the interest rate on the $2.5 billion note was 6.0%.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

117


(b)Clear Channel is the issuer of substantially all of the Company’s indebtedness.
Pre-merger
                 
  December 31, 2007 
  Company, Clear          
  Channel and          
  Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
                 
Cash and cash equivalents $4,975  $140,173      $145,148 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance  762,932   930,286       1,693,218 
Intercompany receivables     264,365   (264,365)   
Prepaid expenses  30,869   86,033       116,902 
Other current assets  52,987   190,261       243,248 
Current assets from discontinued operations  93,257   2,810       96,067 
             
Total Current Assets
  945,020   1,613,928   (264,365)  2,294,583 
Property, plant and equipment, net  804,670   2,245,694       3,050,364 
Property, plant and equipment from discontinued operations, net  164,672   52       164,724 
Definite-lived intangibles, net  228,552   257,318       485,870 
Indefinite-lived intangibles — licenses  4,201,617          4,201,617 
Indefinite-lived intangibles — permits     251,988       251,988 
Goodwill  6,047,037   1,163,079       7,210,116 
Intangible assets from discontinued operations, net  218,062   1,660       219,722 
Notes receivable  8,962   3,426       12,388 
Intercompany notes receivable(a)
  2,500,000      (2,500,000)   
Investments in, and advances to, nonconsolidated affiliates     346,387       346,387 
Investment in subsidiaries  2,263,205      (2,263,205)   
Other assets  186,105   117,686       303,791 
Other investments  236,606   992       237,598 
Other assets from discontinued operations  26,380          26,380 
             
Total Assets
 $17,830,888  $6,002,210  $(5,027,570) $18,805,528 
             
                 
Accounts payable $25,692  $139,841      $165,533 
Accrued expenses  373,429   539,236       912,665 
Accrued interest  97,527   1,074       98,601 
Accrued income taxes  79,973          79,973 
Intercompany payables  264,365      (264,365)   
Current portion of long-term debt(b)
  1,273,100   87,099       1,360,199 
Deferred income  34,391   124,502       158,893 
Current liabilities from discontinued operations  37,211   202       37,413 
             
Total Current Liabilities
  2,185,688   891,954   (264,365)  2,813,277 
Long-term debt(b)
  5,120,066   94,922       5,214,988 
Intercompany long-term debt     2,500,000   (2,500,000)   
Other long-term obligations  127,384          127,384 
Deferred income taxes  979,124   (185,274)      793,850 
Other long-term liabilities  346,811   221,037       567,848 
Long-term liabilities from discontinued operations  53,828   502       54,330 
Minority interest  220,496   215,864       436,360 
Total shareholders’ equity  8,797,491   2,263,205   (2,263,205)  8,797,491 
             
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 $17,830,888  $6,002,210  $(5,027,570) $18,805,528 
             
(a)Clear Channel has a note receivable in the original principal amount of $2.5 billion from Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. which matures on August 2, 2010 and may be prepaid in whole at any time, or in part from time to time. The

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note accrues interest at a variable per annum rate equal to the weighted average cost of debt for Clear Channel, calculated on a monthly basis. This note is mandatorily payable upon a change of control of Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. (as defined in the note) and, subject to certain exceptions, all net proceeds from debt or equity raised by Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. must be used to prepay such note. At December 31, 2008, the interest rate on the $2.5 billion note was 6.0%.
(b)Clear Channel is the issuer of substantially all of the Company’s indebtedness.
Post-merger
                 
  Period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 
  Company, Clear          
  Channel and          
  Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Revenue $1,398,926  $1,338,015      $2,736,941 
Operating expenses:                
Direct operating expenses  438,170   760,175       1,198,345 
Selling, general and administrative expenses  532,455   274,332       806,787 
Depreciation and amortization  122,807   225,234       348,041 
Impairment charge  2,051,209   3,217,649       5,268,858 
Corporate expenses  70,595   31,681       102,276 
Merger expenses  68,085          68,085 
Other operating income — net  8,335   4,870       13,205 
             
Operating income (loss)  (1,876,060)  (3,166,186)      (5,042,246)
Interest expense  643,001   72,767       715,768 
Gain (loss) on marketable securities  (56,709)  (59,843)      (116,552)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  (2,999,344)  5,804   2,999,344   5,804 
Other income (expense) — net  55,736   22,320   53,449   131,505 
             
Income before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations  (5,519,378)  (3,270,672)  3,052,793   (5,737,257)
Income tax benefit (expense)  423,640   272,983       696,623 
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax  2,136   (1,655)      481 
             
Income (loss) before discontinued operations  (5,093,602)  (2,999,344)  3,052,793   (5,040,153)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  (1,845)         (1,845)
             
Net income (loss) $(5,095,447) $(2,999,344) $3,052,793  $(5,041,998)
             

119


Pre-merger
                 
  Period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 
  Company, Clear          
  Channel and          
  Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
                 
Revenue $1,973,478  $1,978,264      $3,951,742 
Operating expenses:                
Direct operating expenses  579,094   1,127,005       1,706,099 
Selling, general and administrative expenses  670,772   351,687       1,022,459 
Depreciation and amortization  100,675   248,114       348,789 
Corporate expenses  86,305   39,364       125,669 
Merger expenses  87,684          87,684 
Other operating income — net  3,849   10,978       14,827 
             
Operating income (loss)  452,797   223,072       675,869 
Interest (income) expense  124,557   88,653       213,210 
Gain (loss) on marketable securities  34,262          34,262 
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  194,072   94,215   (194,072)  94,215 
Other income (expense) — net  (17,603)  12,491       (5,112)
             
Income before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations  538,971   241,125   (194,072)  586,024 
Income tax benefit (expense)  (120,464)  (52,119)      (172,583)
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax  (19,100)  1,948       (17,152)
             
Income (loss) before discontinued operations  399,407   190,954   (194,072)  396,289 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  637,118   3,118       640,236 
             
Net income (loss) $1,036,525  $194,072  $(194,072) $1,036,525 
             

120


Pre-merger
                 
  Year ended December 31, 2007 
  Company, Clear          
  Channel and          
  Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
                 
Revenue $3,614,097  $3,307,105      $6,921,202 
Operating expenses:                
Direct operating expenses  993,464   1,739,540       2,733,004 
Selling, general and administrative expenses  1,206,220   555,719       1,761,939 
Depreciation and amortization  166,328   400,299       566,627 
Corporate expenses  115,424   66,080       181,504 
Merger expenses  6,762          6,762 
Other operating income — net  2,289   11,824       14,113 
             
Operating income (loss)  1,128,188   557,291       1,685,479 
Interest expense  294,170   157,700       451,870 
Gain on marketable securities  6,742          6,742 
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  277,420   35,176   (277,420)  35,176 
Other income (expense) — net  (3,222)  8,548       5,326 
             
Income before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations  1,114,958   443,315   (277,420)  1,280,853 
Income tax benefit (expense)  (293,715)  (147,433)      (441,148)
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax  (27,770)  (19,261)      (47,031)
             
Income (loss) before discontinued operations  793,473   276,621   (277,420)  792,674 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  145,034   799       145,833 
             
Net income (loss) $938,507  $277,420  $(277,420) $938,507 
             
Pre-merger
                 
  Year ended December 31, 2006 
  Company, Clear          
  Channel and          
  Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Revenue $3,652,044  $2,915,746     $6,567,790 
Operating expenses:                
Direct operating expenses  1,013,267   1,519,177       2,532,444 
Selling, general and administrative expenses  1,209,928   499,029       1,708,957 
Depreciation and amortization  191,945   408,349       600,294 
Corporate expenses  130,777   65,542       196,319 
Merger expenses  7,633          7,633 
Other operating income — net  48,752   22,819       71,571 
             
Operating income (loss)  1,147,246   446,468       1,593,714 
Interest expense  321,686   162,377       484,063 
Gain (loss) on marketable securities  2,306          2,306 
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  184,449   37,845   (184,449)  37,845 
Other income (expense) — net  (9,016)  423       (8,593)
             
Income before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations  1,003,299   322,359   (184,449)  1,141,209 
Income tax benefit (expense)  (347,965)  (122,478)      (470,443)
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax  (16,412)  (15,515)      (31,927)
             
Income (loss) before discontinued operations  638,922   184,366   (184,449)  638,839 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  52,595   83       52,678 
             
Net income (loss) $691,517  $184,449  $(184,449) $691,517 
             

121


Post-merger
                 
  Period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 
  Company, Clear          
  Channel and          
  Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                
Net income (loss) $(5,095,447) $(2,999,344) $3,052,793  $(5,041,998)
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  (1,845)        (1,845)
             
   (5,093,602)  (2,999,344)  3,052,793   (5,040,153)
                 
Reconciling items:
                
Depreciation and amortization  122,807   225,234       348,041 
Impairment charge  2,051,209   3,217,649       5,268,858 
Deferred taxes  (349,560)  (270,334)      (619,894)
Provision for doubtful accounts  30,363   24,240       54,603 
Amortization of deferred financing charges, bond premiums, and accretion of note discounts  102,859          102,859 
Share-based compensation  11,728   4,183       15,911 
(Gain) loss on sale of operating assets  (8,335)  (4,870)      (13,205)
(Gain) loss on forward exchange contract                
(Gain) loss on securities  56,709   59,843       116,552 
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  2,999,344   (5,804)  (2,999,344)  (5,804)
Minority interest, net of tax  (2,136)  1,655       (481)
(Gain) loss on debt extinguishment  (63,228)     (53,449)  (116,677)
Other reconciling items — net  1,590   10,499       12,089 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions  106,141   17,186       123,327 
             
Net cash provided by operating activities  (34,111)  280,137       246,026 
Cash flows from investing activities:
                
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable — net  572   169       741 
Decrease (increase) in investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates — net     3,909       3,909 
Purchase of other investments  27,410   (27,436)      (26)
Proceeds from sales of other investments  (788)  788        
Purchases of property, plant and equipment  (30,536)  (159,717)      (190,253)
Proceeds from disposal of assets  14,038   2,917       16,955 
Acquisition of operating assets  (11,551)  (11,677)      (23,228)
Decrease (increase) in other — net  (33,353)  (13,989)      (47,342)
Cash used to purchase equity  (17,468,683)  (3,776)      (17,472,459)
             
Net cash used in investing activities  (17,502,891)  (208,812)      (17,711,703)

122


Post-merger
                 
  Period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 
  Company, Clear Channel          
  and Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from financing activities:
                
Draws on credit facilities  150,000   30,000       180,000 
Payments on credit facilities  (127,891)  (660)      (128,551)
Proceeds from long-term debt  527,024   30,496       557,520 
Payments on long-term debt  (562,510)  (42,621)  26,042   (579,089)
Intercompany funding  91,891   (91,891)       
Debt proceeds used to finance the merger  15,382,076          15,382,076 
Equity proceeds used to finance the merger  2,142,830   26,042   (26,042)  2,142,830 
Payments for purchase of common shares  (2)  (45)      (47)
             
Net cash used in financing activities  17,603,418   (48,679)      17,554,739 
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
                
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities  2,429          2,429 
Net cash provided by investing activities             
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities             
             
Net cash provided by discontinued operations  2,429          2,429 
                 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents  68,845   22,646       91,491 
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period  70,590   77,765       148,355 
             
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $139,435  $100,411      $239,846 
             

123


Pre-merger
                 
  Period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 
  Company,          
  Clear Channel          
  and Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                
Net income $1,036,525  $194,072  $(194,072) $1,036,525 
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  637,118   3,118      640,236 
             
   399,407   190,954   (194,072)  396,289 
Reconciling items:
                
Depreciation and amortization  100,675   248,114       348,789 
Deferred taxes  123,898   21,405       145,303 
Provision for doubtful accounts  14,601   8,615       23,216 
Amortization of deferred financing charges, bond premiums, and accretion of note discounts  3,530          3,530 
Share-based compensation  56,218   6,505       62,723 
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets  (3,849)  (10,978)      (14,827)
(Gain) loss forward exchange contract  2,496          2,496 
(Gain) loss on trading securities  (36,758)         (36,758)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  (194,072)  (94,215)  194,072   (94,215)
Minority interest, net of tax  19,100   (1,948)      17,152 
(Gain) loss on debt extinguishment  13,484          13,484 
Other reconciling items — net  4,697   4,436       9,133 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions  194,605   (35,662)      158,943 
             
Net cash provided by operating activities  698,032   337,226       1,035,258 
Cash flows from investing activities:
                
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable — net  97   239       336 
Decrease (increase) in investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates — net     25,098       25,098 
Cross currency settlement of interest  (198,615)         (198,615)
Purchase of other investments  (48,347)  48,249       (98)
Proceeds from sales of other investments  173,467          173,467 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment  (40,642)  (199,560)      (240,202)
Proceeds from disposal of assets  34,176   38,630       72,806 
Acquisition of operating assets  (69,015)  (84,821)      (153,836)
Decrease (increase) in other — net  (93,891)  (1,316)      (95,207)
Cash used to purchase equity  (3,776)  3,776        
             
Net cash used in investing activities  (246,546)  (169,705)      (416,251)

124


Pre-merger
                 
  Period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 
  Company,          
  Clear Channel          
  and Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from financing activities:
                
Draws on credit facilities  620,464   72,150      692,614 
Payments on credit facilities  (715,127)  (157,774)      (872,901)
Proceeds from long term debt  5,476          5,476 
Payments on long-term debt  (1,283,162)  814       (1,282,348)
Intercompany funding  153,135   (153,135)       
Payments on forward exchange contract  (110,410)         (110,410)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other  13,515   4,261       17,776 
Dividends paid  (93,367)         (93,367)
Payments for purchase of common shares  (3,517)  (264)      (3,781)
             
Net cash used in financing activities  (1,412,993)  (233,948)      (1,646,941)
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
                
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities  (68,770)  1,019       (67,751)
Net cash provided by investing activities  1,095,892   3,000       1,098,892 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities             
             
Net cash provided by discontinued operations  1,027,122   4,019       1,031,141 
                 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents  65,615   (62,408)      3,207 
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period  4,975   140,173       145,148 
             
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $70,590  $77,765      $148,355 
             

125


Pre-merger
                 
  Year ended December 31, 2007 
  Company, Clear          
  Channel and          
  Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                
Net income $938,507  $277,420  $(277,420) $938,507 
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  145,034   799      145,833 
             
   793,473   276,621   (277,420)  792,674 
                 
Reconciling items:
                
Depreciation and amortization  166,328   400,299       566,627 
Deferred taxes  153,323   34,915       188,238 
Provision for doubtful accounts  28,017   10,598       38,615 
Amortization of deferred financing charges, bond premiums, and accretion of note discounts  7,739          7,739 
Share-based compensation  34,681   9,370       44,051 
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets  (2,289)  (11,824)      (14,113)
(Gain) loss forward exchange contract  3,953          3,953 
(Gain) loss on trading securities  (10,696)         (10,696)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  (277,420)  (35,176)  277,420   (35,176)
Minority interest, net of tax  27,770   19,261       47,031 
Other reconciling items — net  404   (495)      (91)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions  (45,702)  (6,722)      (52,424)
             
Net cash provided by operating activities  879,581   696,847       1,576,428 
Cash flows from investing activities:
                
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable — net  (5,835)  (234)      (6,069)
Decrease (increase) in investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates — net  (2,353)  23,221       20,868 
Cross currency settlement of interest  (1,214)    —       (1,214)
Purchase of other investments  (67)  (659)      (726)
Proceeds from sales of other investments  2,409    —       2,409 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment  (86,683)  (276,626)      (363,309)
Proceeds from disposal of assets  8,856   17,321       26,177 
Acquisition of operating assets  (53,051)  (69,059)      (122,110)
Decrease (increase) in other — net  (9,772)  (28,931)      (38,703)
             
Net cash used in investing activities  (147,710)  (334,967)      (482,677)

126


Pre-merger
                 
  Year ended December 31, 2007 
  Company, Clear Channel          
  and Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from financing activities:
                
Draws on credit facilities  780,138   106,772       886,910 
Payments on credit facilities  (1,628,400)  (76,614)      (1,705,014)
Proceeds from long-term debt     22,483       22,483 
Payments on long-term debt  (276,751)  (66,290)      (343,041)
Intercompany funding  335,508   (335,508)       
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other  69,237   10,780       80,017 
Dividends paid  (372,369)         (372,369)
             
Net cash used in financing activities  (1,092,637)  (338,377)      (1,431,014)
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
                
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities  33,332   500       33,832 
Net cash provided by investing activities  332,579          332,579 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities             
             
Net cash provided by discontinued operations  365,911   500       366,411 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents  5,145   24,003       29,148 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period  (170)  116,170       116,000 
             
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $4,975  $140,173      $145,148 
             

127


Pre-merger
                 
  Year ended December 31, 2006 
  Company, Clear Channel          
  and Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                
Net income $691,517  $184,449  $(184,449) $691,517 
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net  52,595   83      52,678 
             
   638,922   184,366   (184,449)  638,839 
Reconciling items:
                
Depreciation and amortization  191,945   408,349       600,294 
Deferred taxes  152,253   39,527       191,780 
Provision for doubtful accounts  25,706   8,921       34,627 
Amortization of deferred financing charges, bond premiums, and accretion of note discounts  3,462          3,462 
Share-based compensation  36,734   5,296       42,030 
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets  (48,725)  (22,846)      (71,571)
(Gain) loss forward exchange contract  18,161          18,161 
(Gain) loss on trading securities  (20,467)         (20,467)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates  (184,449)  (37,845)  184,449   (37,845)
Minority interest, net of tax  16,412   15,515       31,927 
Other reconciling items — net  14,782   (5,755)      9,027 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions  359,585   (51,792)      307,793 
             
Net cash provided by operating activities  1,204,321   543,736       1,748,057 
Cash flows from investing activities:
                
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable — net  (1,203)  2,366       1,163 
Decrease (increase) in investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates — net  (1,725)  22,170       20,445 
Cross currency settlement of interest  1,607          1,607 
Purchase of other investments  (520)         (520)
Proceeds from sales of other investments             
Purchases of property, plant and equipment  (102,527)  (234,212)      (336,739)
Proceeds from disposal of assets  84,231   15,451       99,682 
Acquisition of operating assets, net of cash acquired  (96,225)  (244,981)      (341,206)
Decrease (increase) in other — net  (13,548)  (37,895)      (51,443)
             
Net cash used in investing activities  (129,910)  (477,101)      (607,011)

128


Pre-merger
                 
  Year ended December 31, 2006 
  Company, Clear Channel          
  and Guarantor  Non-Guarantor       
(In thousands) Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from financing activities:
                
Draws on credit facilities  3,264,800   118,867       3,383,667 
Payments on credit facilities  (2,599,928)  (100,076)      (2,700,004)
Proceeds from long-term debt  746,762   37,235       783,997 
Payments on long-term debt  (750,658)  (115,694)      (866,352)
Intercompany funding  15,287   (15,287)       
Payments on forward exchange contract  (83,132)         (83,132)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other  55,276   2,176       57,452 
Dividends paid  (382,776)         (382,776)
Payments for purchase of common shares  (1,371,462)         (1,371,462)
             
Net cash used in financing activities  (1,105,831)  (72,779)      (1,178,610)
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
                
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities  99,806   (541)      99,265 
Net cash provided by investing activities  (30,038)         (30,038)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities             
             
Net cash provided by discontinued operations  69,768   (541)      69,227 
                 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents  38,348   (6,685)      31,663 
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period  (38,518)  122,855       84,337 
             
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $(170) $116,170      $116,000 
             
NOTE T — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On January 15, 2009, the Company made a permitted election under the indenture governing the senior toggle notes to pay PIK Interest. For subsequent interest periods, the Company must make an election regarding whether the applicable interest payment on the senior toggle notes will be made entirely in cash, entirely through PIK Interest or 50% in cash and 50% in PIK Interest. In the absence of such an election for any interest period, interest on the senior toggle notes will be payable according to the election for the immediately preceding interest period. As a result, the PIK Interest election is now the default election for future interest periods unless and until the Company elects otherwise.
Effective January 30, 2009 the Company sold 57% of its remaining interest in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones for approximately $23.5 million and recorded a loss of approximately $2.2 million. As a result of the sale, the Company will no longer account for the investment under Accounting Principles Board No. 18,The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.
On February 6, 2009, the Company borrowed the approximately $1.6 billion of remaining availability under the $2.0 billion revolving credit facility. The Company made the borrowing to improve its liquidity position in light of continuing uncertainty in credit market and economic conditions.
ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Not Applicable

129


ITEM 9A(T). Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We have established disclosure controls

Under the supervision and procedures to ensure that material information relating to CC Media Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”),with the participation of management, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to the officers who certify the Company’s financial reports and to other members of senior management and the Board of Directors.

Based on their evaluation as of December 31, 2008, theour Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, we have carried out an evaluation of the Company have concluded that the Company’sour disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in RulesRule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange ActAct). Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of 1934) are effectiveDecember 31, 2011 to ensure that the information we are required to be disclosed by the Companydisclose in the reports that it filesare filed or submitssubmitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified inby the SEC rules and forms.
is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and preparation of the Company’s financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

As of December 31, 2008,2011, management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting established inInternal Control Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the assessment, management determined that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008,2011, based on those criteria.

Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements of the Company included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008.2011. The report, which expresses an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008,2011, is included in this Item under the heading “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.”

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

130


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders

CC Media Holdings, Inc.

We have audited CC Media Holdings, Inc.’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008,2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). CC Media Holdings, Inc.’sThe Company’ management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report of Management on Internal Control overOver Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, CC Media Holdings, Inc.the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008,2011, based on theonthe COSO criteria.

criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheetsheets of CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Holdings)the Company as of December 31, 2008, the consolidated balance sheet of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Clear Channel) as of December 31, 2007,2011 and 2010, the related consolidated statements of operations,comprehensive loss, changes in shareholders’ equity(deficit),deficit, and cash flows of Holdingsthe Company for the period from July 31, 2008 through December 31, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows of Clear Channel for the period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008, and each of the twothree years in the period ended December 31, 2007,2011 and our report dated March 2, 2009February 21, 2012 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

San Antonio, Texas
March 2, 2009

131


February 21, 2012

ITEM 9B.OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 9B. Other Information
Not Applicable

132


PART III

ITEM 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate GovernanceDIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
     We believe that one of our most important assets is our experienced management team. With respect to our operations, managers are responsible for the day-to-day operation of their respective location. We believe that the autonomy of our management enables us to attract top quality managers capable of implementing our marketing strategy and reacting to competition in the local markets. Most of our managers have options to purchase our common stock or restricted stock. As an additional incentive, a portion of each manager’s compensation is related to the performance of the profit centers for which he or she is responsible. In an effort to monitor expenses, corporate management routinely reviews staffing levels and operating costs. Combined with the centralized financial functions, this monitoring enables us to control expenses effectively. Corporate management also advises local managers on broad policy matters and is responsible for long-range planning, allocating resources and financial reporting and controls.

The information required by this item with respect to our executive officers is set forth at the end of Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The Clear Channel Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code”) applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and controller. The Code is publicly available on our internet website at www.ccmediaholdings.com. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding any amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of the Code that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller and relates to any element of the definition of code of ethics the directors and nominees for election to our Board of Directors is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K by posting such information on our Definitive Proxy Statement, expected to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of our fiscal year end.

     The following information is submitted with respect to our executive officers as of February 26, 2009:
Age on
February 26,
Name2009Position
L. Lowry Mays73Chairman Emeritus
Mark P. Mays45Chief Executive Officer
Randall T. Mays43President/Chief Financial Officer
Herbert W. Hill, Jr.50Senior Vice President/Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary
Paul Meyer66Senior Vice President — CC Media Holdings, Inc
John Hogan52Senior Vice President — CC Media Holdings, Inc.
Andrew Levin46Executive Vice President/Chief Legal Officer and Secretary
     The officers named above serve until the next Board of Directors meeting immediately following the Annual Meeting of Shareholders. We expect to retain the individuals named above as our executive officers at such Board of Directors meeting.
     Mr. L. Mays was appointed the Chairman Emeritus of the Company on July 30, 2008. Mr. L. Mays is the founder of Clear Channel, our indirect subsidiary, and was Clear Channel’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer from February 1997 to October 2004. Since that time, Mr. L. Mays served as Chairman of the Board until July 30, 2008 and is currently Clear Channel’s Chairman Emeritus. He was one of Clear Channel’s directors since its inception. Mr. L. Mays is the father of Mark P. Mays, our Chief Executive Officer, and Randall T. Mays, our President/Chief Financial Officer.
     Mr. M. Mays was appointed Chief Executive Officer and a director of the Company on July 30, 3008. Mr. M. Mays was Clear Channel’s President and Chief Operating Officer from February 1997 until his appointment as President and Chief Executive Officer in October 2004. He relinquished his duties as President in February 2006. He has been one of Clear Channel’s directors since May 1998. Mr. M. Mays is the son of L. Lowry Mays, our Chairman Emeritus and the brother of Randall T. Mays, our President/Chief Financial Officer.
     Mr. R. Mays was appointed President, Chief Financial Officer and a director of the Company on July 30, 2008. Mr. R. Mays was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Clear Channel in February 1997 and was appointed as Secretary in April 2003. He relinquished his duties as Secretary in 2004. He was appointed President of Clear Channel in February 2006. Mr. R. Mays is the son of L. Lowry Mays our Chairman Emeritus and the brother of Mark P. Mays, our Chief Executive Officer.

133

website, www.ccmediaholdings.com.


     Mr. Hill was appointed our Senior Vice President/Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary on July 30, 2008. Mr. Hill was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer of Clear Channel in February 1997.
     Mr. Meyer was appointed a Senior Vice President of the Company on July 30, 2008. Mr. Meyer has served as the President/ Chief Executive Officer — Clear Channel Americas and Asia Divisions since October 2008. Prior thereto, he was Global President/Chief Operating Officer — Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (formerly Eller Media), our indirect subsidiary, since April 2005. Prior thereto, he was the President/Chief Executive Officer — Clear Channel Outdoor for the remainder of the relevant five-year period.
     Mr. Hogan was appointed a Senior Vice President of the Company on July 30, 2008. He was appointed President/Chief Executive Officer — Clear Channel Broadcasting, Inc., our indirect subsidiary, in August 2002.
     Mr. Levin was appointed our Executive Vice President/Chief Legal Officer and Secretary on July 30, 2008.
     Mr. Levin was appointed Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary of Clear Channel in February 2004. Prior thereto he served as Senior Vice President for Government Affairs since he joined Clear Channel in 2002.
ITEM 11. Executive Compensation
     TheAll other information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in our Definitive Proxy Statement expectedfor our 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Definitive Proxy Statement”), which we expect to be filedfile with the SEC within 120 days ofafter our fiscal year end.

ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Definitive Proxy Statement, expectedwhich we expect to be filedfile with the SEC within 120 days ofafter our fiscal year end.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The following table summarizes information as of December 31, 2011 relating to our equity compensation plan pursuant to which grants of options, restricted stock or other rights to acquire shares may be granted from time to time.

Plan category

  Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
  Weighted-
average exercise
price of
outstanding
options,
warrants and
rights
  Number of securities remaining
available for future issuance
under equity compensation
plans (excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
 
   (a)  (b)  (c) 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders(1)

  5,250,811  $21.11   4,418,145          

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

              —    —     —          
  

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

Total(2)

  5,250,811  $21.11   4,418,145          
  

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

(1)Represents the Clear Channel 2008 Executive Incentive Plan.
(2)Does not include options to purchase an aggregate of 235,393 shares, at a weighted average exercise price of $10.99, granted under plans assumed in connection with acquisition transactions. No additional options may be granted under these assumed plans.

All other information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Definitive Proxy Statement, which we expect to file with the SEC within 120 days after our fiscal year end.

ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director IndependenceCERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Definitive Proxy Statement, expectedwhich we expect to be filedfile with the SEC within 120 days ofafter our fiscal year end.

ITEM 14. Principal Accounting Fees and ServicesPRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Definitive Proxy Statement, expectedwhich we expect to be filedfile with the SEC within 120 days ofafter our fiscal year end.

134


PART IV

ITEM 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement SchedulesEXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)1. Financial Statements.

The following consolidated financial statements are included in Item 8:

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 20082011 and 2007

2010.

Consolidated Statements of OperationsComprehensive Loss for the Years Ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006.

2009.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ EquityDeficit for the Years Ended December 31, 2008,
20072011, 2010 and 2006.

2009.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006.

2009.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(a)2. Financial Statement Schedule.

The following financial statement schedule for the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 20062009 and related report of independent auditors is filed as part of this report and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements.

Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the related instructions or are inapplicable, and therefore have been omitted.

135


SCHEDULE II

VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

(In thousands)

                     
      Charges           
  Balance at  to Costs,  Write-off      Balance 
  Beginning  Expenses  of Accounts      at end of 
Description of period  and other  Receivable  Other  Period 
Year ended December 31, 2006 $45,581  $34,627  $26,007  $1,867(1) $56,068 
                
Year ended December 31, 2007 $56,068  $38,615  $38,711  $3,197(1) $59,169 
                
Period from January 1, through July 30, 2008 $59,169  $23,216  $19,679  $2,157(1) $64,863 
                
Period from July 31, through December 31, 2008 $64,863  $54,603  $18,703  $(3,399)(1) $97,364 
                

            Description          Balance at
Beginning
  of period  
   Charges
to Costs,
Expenses
  and other  
   Write-off
of Accounts
   Receivable  
     Other    Balance
at End of
  Period  
 

Year ended

December 31,

2009

  $97,364    $52,498    $77,850    $(362) (1)  $71,650  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Year ended

December 31,

2010

  $71,650    $23,023    $20,731    $718 (1)  $74,660  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Year ended

December 31,

2011

  $74,660    $13,723    $27,345    $2,060 (1)  $63,098  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)Primarily foreign currency adjustments.adjustments and acquisition and/or divestiture activity.

136


SCHEDULE II

VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance

(In thousands)

                     
      Charges            
  Balance at  to Costs,          Balance 
  Beginning  Expenses          at end of 
Description of period  and other (1)  Utilization (2)  Adjustments (3)  Period 
Year ended December 31, 2006 $571,154  $  $  $(17,756) $553,398 
                
Year ended December 31, 2007 $553,398  $  $(77,738) $41,262  $516,922 
                
Period from January 1, through July 30, 2008 $516,922  $  $(264,243) $  $252,679 
                
Period from July 31, through December 31, 2008 $252,679  $62,114  $3,341  $1,396  $319,530 
                

            Description      Balance at
Beginning
of period
   Charges
to Costs,
Expenses
and other 
(1)
   Utilization (2)  Adjustments (3)  Balance
at end of
Period
 

Year ended

December 31,

2009

  $319,530    $    $(7,369 $(308,307 $3,854  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Year ended

December 31,

2010

  $3,854    $13,580    $   $   $17,434  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Year ended

December 31,

2011

  $17,434    $    $   $(3,257 $14,177  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)During 20082010, the Company recorded a valuation allowance on certain net operating losses that are not ablecapital allowance deferred tax assets due to be carried backthe uncertainty of the ability to prior years.utilize those assets in future periods.

 
(2)During 2007 and 20082009 the Company utilized capital loss carryforwards to offset the capital gains generated in both continuing and discontinued operations from the disposition of primarily broadcast assets and certain investments. The related valuation allowance was released as a result of the capital loss carryforward utilization.

 
(3)Related to a valuation allowance for the capital loss carryforward recognized during 2005 as a result of the spin-off of Live Nation.Nation and certain net operating loss carryforwards. During 20062009 the amount ofCompany released all valuation allowances related to its capital loss carryforward and the related valuation allowance were adjusted to the final amount reported on our 2005 filed tax return. During 2007 the amount of capital loss carryforward and the related valuation allowance were adjustedcarryforwards due to the impact of settlements of various matters withfact the Internal Revenue Service for the 1999-2004 tax years. During 2008 the amount ofall capital loss carryforward andcarryforwards were utilized or expired as of December 31, 2009. In addition, the Company released valuation allowances related valuation allowance were adjustedto certain net operating loss carryforwards due to the true upfact that the Company can now carryback certain losses to prior years as a result of the amount utilizedenactment of the Worker, Homeownership, and Business Assistance Act of 2009 (the “Act”) on November 6, 2009 that allowed carryback of certain net operating losses five years. The Company’s expectations as to future taxable income from deferred tax liabilities that reverse in the 2007relevant carryforward period for those net operating losses that cannot be carried back will be sufficient for the realization of the deferred tax returnassets associated with the remaining net operating loss carryforwards. During 2011, the Company adjusted certain valuation allowances as a result of changes in tax rates in certain jurisdictions and changes to the impact certain IRS audit adjustments that were agreed to during the year.net deferred tax liabilities.

137


(a)3. Exhibits.

Exhibit

Number

  
Exhibit
Number

Description

2.1  Agreement and Plan of Merger among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC and Clear Channel Communications, Inc., dated as of November 16, 2006 (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K datedfiled November 16, 2006).
2.2  Amendment No. 1, dated April 18, 2007, to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 16, 2006, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K datedfiled April 18,19, 2007).
2.3  Amendment No. 2, dated May 17, 2007, to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 16, 2006, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC, BT Triple Crown Holdings III, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc., as amended (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K datedfiled May 18, 2007).
2.4  Amendment No. 3, dated May 13, 2008, to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 16, 2006, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K datedfiled May 14, 2008).
2.5  Asset Purchase Agreement dated April 20, 2007, between Clear Channel Broadcasting, Inc., ABO Broadcasting Operations, LLC, Ackerley Broadcasting Fresno, LLC, AK Mobile Television, Inc., Bel Meade Broadcasting, Inc., Capstar Radio Operating Company, Capstar TX Limited Partnership, CCB Texas Licenses, L.P., Central NY News, Inc., Citicasters Co., Clear Channel Broadcasting Licenses, Inc., Clear Channel Investments, Inc. and TV Acquisition LLC (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K datedfiled April 26, 2007).
3.1  Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the CompanyCC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’sCC Media Holdings, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration(File No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission onfiled June 17,2, 2008).
3.2  Amended and Restated Bylaws of the CompanyCC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’sCC Media Holdings, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration(File No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission onfiled June 17,2, 2008).
4.1  Form of Specimen Class A Common Stock certificate of CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Form 8-A Registration Statement filed July 30, 2008).
4.1
4.2  Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1997).
4.2Second Supplemental Indenture dated June 16, 1998 to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and the Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 27, 1998).
4.3  Third Supplemental Indenture dated June 16, 1998 to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and theThe Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K datedfiled August 27,28, 1998).

138


Exhibit
NumberDescription
4.4Ninth Supplemental Indenture dated September 12, 2000, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.11 to Clear Channel’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000).
4.5  Eleventh Supplemental Indenture dated January 9, 2003, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.17 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002).

Exhibit

Number

  

Description

4.6Twelfth Supplemental Indenture dated March 17, 2003, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 18, 2003).
4.7Thirteenth Supplemental Indenture dated May 1, 2003, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 2, 2003).
4.84.5  Fourteenth Supplemental Indenture dated May 21, 2003, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K datedfiled May 22, 2003).
4.94.6  Sixteenth Supplemental Indenture dated December 9, 2003, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K datedfiled December 10, 2003).
4.104.7  Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture dated September 15,20, 2004, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K datedfiled September 15,21, 2004).
4.8  
4.11EighteenthNineteenth Supplemental Indenture dated November 22,December 16, 2004, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K dated Novemberfiled December 17, 2004).
4.9  Indenture, dated July 30, 2008, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., Law Debenture Trust Company of New York, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (as the successor-in-interest to BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. following the effectiveness of the Merger) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
4.10Supplemental Indenture, dated July 30, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, certain subsidiaries of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. party thereto and Law Debenture Trust Company of New York (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 30, 2008).
4.11Supplemental Indenture, dated December 9, 2008, by and among CC Finco Holdings, LLC, a subsidiary of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and Law Debenture Trust Company of New York (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
4.12  Nineteenth Indenture, dated as of February 23, 2011, among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the other guarantors party thereto, Wilmington Trust FSB, as Trustee, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Clear Channel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 24, 2011).
4.13Supplemental Indenture, dated December 13, 2004, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and betweenas of June 14, 2011, among Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York,Wilmington Trust FSB, as Trustee (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Clear Channel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 14, 2011).
4.14Indenture with respect to 9.25% Series A Senior Notes due 2017, dated as of December 23, 2009, by and among Clear Channel Worldwide Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc., U.S. Bank National Association and the guarantors party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.17 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
4.15Indenture with respect to 9.25% Series B Senior Notes due 2017, dated as of December 23, 2009, by and among Clear Channel Worldwide Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc., U.S. Bank National Association and the guarantors party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.18 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).

Exhibit

Number

Description

10.1+Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (as the successor-in-interest to BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. following the effectiveness of the Merger), the subsidiary co-borrowers and foreign subsidiary revolving borrowers party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
10.2Amendment No. 1, dated as of July 9, 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary co-borrowers and foreign subsidiary revolving borrowers party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.3Amendment No. 2, dated as of July 28, 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary co-borrowers and foreign subsidiary revolving borrowers party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.4Amendment and Restatement Agreement, dated as of February 15, 2011, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the subsidiary co-borrowers and foreign subsidiary borrowers named therein, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, the lenders from time to time party thereto and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 13, 2004)filed on February 18, 2011).
10.5  
4.13Twentieth Supplemental IndentureAmended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated March 21, 2006, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997,as of February 23, 2011, by and betweenamong Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary co-borrowers and The Bank of New York,foreign subsidiary revolving borrowers party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, Citibank, N.A., as Trustee (incorporatedAdministrative Agent, the lenders from time to time party thereto and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 21, 2006)filed on February 24, 2011).
10.6+  
4.14Twenty-first Supplemental IndentureCredit Agreement, dated August 15, 2006, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997,as of May 13, 2008, by and betweenamong Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (as the successor-in-interest to BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. following the effectiveness of the Merger), the subsidiary borrowers party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and The Bank of New York, as

139


Exhibit
NumberDescription
Trustee (incorporatedthe other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.110.18 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
10.7Amendment No. 1, dated as of July 9, 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary borrowers party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 16, 2006)filed July 30, 2008).
10.8  
4.15Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture,Amendment No. 2, dated as of January 2,July 28 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and betweenamong Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary borrowers party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A. (incorporatedthe other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.110.14 to Clear Channel’sthe CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 4,filed July 30, 2008).
10.9  
4.16Fourth Supplemental Indenture,Amendment No. 3, dated as of January 2,February 15, 2011, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among AMFM, The Bank of New York Trust Company,Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary co-borrowers party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the guarantorsother agents party thereto (incorporated(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.210.2 to the Clear Channel’sChannel Communications, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 18, 2011).

Exhibit

Number

Description

10.10Revolving Promissory Note dated January 4, 2008)November 10, 2005 payable by Clear Channel Communications, Inc. to Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. in the original principal amount of $1,000,000,000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005).
10.11  First Amendment, dated as of December 23, 2009, to the Revolving Promissory Note, dated as of November 10, 2005, by Clear Channel Communications, Inc., as Maker, to Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.41 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
10.1
10.12Revolving Promissory Note dated November 10, 2005 payable by Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. to Clear Channel Communications, Inc. in the original principal amount of $1,000,000,000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005).
10.13First Amendment, dated as of December 23, 2009, to the Revolving Promissory Note, dated as of November 10, 2005, by Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., as Maker, to Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
10.14Corporate Services Agreement dated November 16, 2005 between Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel Management Services, L.P. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005).
10.15  First Amended and Restated Management Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among CC Media Holdings, Inc., BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC, THL Managers VI, LLC and Bain Capital Partners, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’sCC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.2Stockholders Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2008, by and among CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC, Clear Channel Capital V, L.P., L. Lowry Mays, Randall T. Mays, Mark P. Mays, LLM Partners, Ltd., MPM Partners, Ltd. and RTM Partners, Ltd. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to the Company’s Form 8-A Registration Statement filed July 30, 2008).
10.3Side Letter Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2008, among CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC, Clear Channel Capital V, L.P., L. Lowry Mays, Mark P. Mays, Randall T. Mays, LLM Partners, Ltd., MPM Partners Ltd. and RTM Partners, Ltd. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 5 to the Company’s Form 8-A Registration Statement filed July 30, 2008).
10.4Affiliate Transactions Agreement, dated as of July 30, 2008, by and among CC Media Holdings, Inc., Bain Capital Fund IX, L.P., Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VI, L.P. and BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 6 to the Company’s Form 8-A Registration Statement filed July 30, 2008).
10.5Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of April 24, 2007, by and between L. Lowry Mays and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 1, 2007).
10.6Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of April 24, 2007, by and between Mark P. Mays and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 1, 2007).
10.7Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of April 24, 2007, by and between Randall T. Mays and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 1, 2007).
10.8Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among Randall T. Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.9Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among Mark P. Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by

140


Exhibit
NumberDescription
reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.10Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among L. Lowry Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.11Employment Agreement, dated as of June 29, 2008, by and between John E. Hogan and Clear Channel Broadcasting, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.12Amendment, dated as of January 20, 2009, to the Amended and Restated Employment Agreement of Mark P. Mays, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among Mark P. Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 21, 2009).
10.13Amendment, dated as of January 20, 2009, to the Amended and Restated Employment Agreement of Randall T. Mays, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among Randall T. Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 21, 2009).
10.14Employment Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2005, by and between Paul Meyer and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 10, 2005).
10.15Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (as the successor-in-interest to BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. following the effectiveness of the Merger), the subsidiary co-borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2008).
10.16Amendment No. 1, dated as of July 9, 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary co-borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.17Amendment No. 2, dated as of July 28, 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary co-borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.18Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (as the successor-in-interest to BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. following the effectiveness of the Merger), the subsidiary borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2008).

141


Exhibit
NumberDescription
10.19Amendment No. 1, dated as of July 9, 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.20Amendment No. 2, dated as of July 28 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.21Purchase Agreement, dated May 13, 2008, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Greenwich Capital Markets, Inc. and Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2008).
10.22Indenture, dated July 30, 2008, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., Law Debenture Trust Company of New York, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (as the successor-in-interest to BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. following the effectiveness of the Merger) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.23Supplemental Indenture, dated July 30, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, certain subsidiaries of Clear Channel party thereto and Law Debenture Trust Company of New York (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 30, 2008).
10.24*Supplemental Indenture, dated December 9, 2008, by and among CC Finco Holdings, LLC, a subsidiary of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and Law Debenture Trust Company of New York.
10.25Registration Rights Agreement, dated July 30, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., certain subsidiaries of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. party thereto, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Greenwich Capital Markets, Inc. and Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.26Clear Channel 2008 Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.27Form of Senior Executive Option Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.28Form of Senior Executive Restricted Stock Award Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.29Form of Senior Management Option Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

142


Exhibit
NumberDescription
10.30Form of Executive Option Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.31Clear Channel 2008 Investment Program (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.32Clear Channel 2008 Annual Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.33Form of Indemnification Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.34  Amended and Restated Voting Agreement dated as of May 13, 2008 by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC, CC Media Holdings, Inc., Highfields Capital I LP, Highfields Capital II LP, Highfields Capital III LP and Highfields Capital Management LP (Incorporated by reference to Annex E to the Company’sCC Media Holdings, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration(File No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission onfiled June 17,2, 2008).
10.3510.17  Voting Agreement dated as of May 13, 2008 by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC, CC Media Holdings, Inc., Abrams Capital Partners I, LP, Abrams Capital Partners II, LP, Whitecrest Partners, LP, Abrams Capital International, Ltd. andAnd Riva Capital Partners, LP (Incorporated by reference to Annex F to the Company’sCC Media Holdings, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration(File No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission onfiled June 17,2, 2008).
10.18§  Stockholders Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2008, by and among CC Media Holdings, Inc., BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC, Clear Channel Capital V, L.P., L. Lowry Mays, Randall T. Mays, Mark P. Mays, LLM Partners, Ltd., MPM Partners, Ltd. and RTM Partners, Ltd. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
10.19§Side Letter Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2008, among CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC, Clear Channel Capital V, L.P., L. Lowry Mays, Mark P. Mays, Randall T. Mays, LLM Partners, Ltd., MPM Partners Ltd. and RTM Partners, Ltd. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
10.20Affiliate Transactions Agreement, dated as of July 30, 2008, by and among CC Media Holdings, Inc., Bain Capital Fund IX, L.P., Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VI, L.P. and BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.6 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Form 8-A Registration Statement filed July 30, 2008).

Exhibit

Number

Description

10.21§Side Letter Agreement, dated as of December 22, 2009, by and among CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC, Clear Channel Capital V, L.P., Randall T. Mays and RTM Partners, Ltd. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 29, 2009).
10.22§Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of November 15, 2010 by and among CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC, Clear Channel Capital V, L.P. and Pittman CC LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011).
10.23*§Aircraft Lease Agreement dated as of November 16, 2011 by and between Yet Again Inc. and Clear Channel Broadcasting, Inc.
10.24§Clear Channel 2008 Executive Incentive Plan (the “CC Executive Incentive Plan”) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
10.25§Form of Senior Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.26§Form of Senior Executive Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.27§Form of Senior Management Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.28§Form of Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.29§Clear Channel Employee Equity Investment Program (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.30§CC Media Holdings, Inc. 2008 Annual Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
10.31§Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated (the “CCOH Stock Incentive Plan”) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 30, 2007).
10.32§First Form of Option Agreement under the CCOH Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-130229) filed December 9, 2005).
10.33*§Form of Option Agreement under the CCOH Stock Incentive Plan (approved February 21, 2011).
10.34§Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the CCOH Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-130229) filed December 9, 2005).
10.35§Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the CCOH Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010).
10.36§2006 Annual Incentive Plan of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 30, 2007).

Exhibit

Number

Description

10.37§Relocation Policy – Chief Executive Officer and Direct Reports (Guaranteed Purchase Offer) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 12, 2010).
10.38§Relocation Policy – Chief Executive Officer and Direct Reports (Buyer Value Option) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 12, 2010).
10.39§Relocation Policy – Function Head Direct Reports (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 12, 2010).
10.40§Form of CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. Indemnification Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.41§Form of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Independent Director Indemnification Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 3, 2009).
10.42§Form of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Affiliate Director Indemnification Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 3, 2009).
10.43§Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among L. Lowry Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).
10.44§Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of December 22, 2009, by and among Randall T. Mays, Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.39 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).
10.45§Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated June 23, 2010, by and among Mark P. Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc., and Clear Channel Communications, Inc., as successor to BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 24, 2010).
10.46§Employment Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2011, between Robert Pittman and CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011).
10.47§Employment Agreement, dated as of December 15, 2009, between Tom Casey and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 5, 2010).
10.48§Employment Agreement, dated as of January 1, 2010, between Robert H. Walls, Jr., and Clear Channel Management Services, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 5, 2010).
10.49§Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of November 15, 2010, between John E. Hogan and Clear Channel Broadcasting, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 18, 2010).
10.50§Contract of Employment between C. William Eccleshare and Clear Channel Outdoor Ltd dated August 31, 2009 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009).

Exhibit

Number

Description

10.51§Contract of Employment between Jonathan Bevan and Clear Channel Outdoor Ltd dated October 30, 2009 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 11, 2009).
10.52§Employment Agreement, dated as of December 10, 2009, between Ronald Cooper and Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holding, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010).
10.53*§Severance Agreement and General Release, dated January 20, 2012, between Ronald Cooper and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc.
10.54§Employment Agreement, dated as of July 19, 2010, by and among Joseph Bagan and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010).
10.55§Form of Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan, dated as of July 30, 2008, between John Hogan and CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010).
10.56*§Form of Amendment to Senior Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan, dated as of October 14, 2008.
10.57§Second Amendment, dated as of December 22, 2009, to the Senior Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan, dated July 30, 2008, between Randall T. Mays and CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 29, 2009).
10.58§Second Amendment, dated as of June 23, 2010, to the Senior Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan, dated July 30, 2008, between Mark P. Mays and CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 24, 2010).
10.59§Form of Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan, dated as of December 31, 2010, between Tom Casey and CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010).
10.60§Form of Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan, dated as of December 31, 2010, between John Hogan and CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.44 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010).
10.61§Form of Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan, dated as of December 31, 2010, between Robert H. Walls, Jr. and CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010).
10.62§Form of Executive Replacement Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan between John Hogan and CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99(a)(1)(iv) to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Schedule TO filed on February 18, 2011).
10.63*§Form of Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan, dated as of May 19, 2011, between Scott Hamilton and CC Media Holdings, Inc.

Exhibit

Number

Description

10.64§Executive Option Agreement under the CC Executive Incentive Plan, dated as of October 2, 2011, between Robert Pittman and CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the CC Media Holdings, Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011).
10.65§Form of Stock Option Agreement under the CCOH Stock Incentive Plan, dated September 17, 2009, between C. William Eccleshare and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010).
10.66§Form of Amended and Restated Stock Option Agreement under the CCOH Stock Incentive Plan, dated as of August 11, 2011, between C. William Eccleshare and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 12, 2011).
10.67§Form of Stock Option Agreement under the CCOH Stock Incentive Plan, dated December 13, 2010, between C. William Eccleshare and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010).
10.68§Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the CCOH Stock Incentive Plan, dated December 20, 2010, between C. William Eccleshare and Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to the Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010).
11* Statement re: Computation of Per Share Earnings.Earnings (Loss).
12*Statement re: Computation of Ratios.
21* Subsidiaries.
23* Consent of Ernst and& Young LLP.
24* Power of Attorney (included on signature page).
31.1* Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2* Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1** Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2** Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101*** Interactive Data Files.

*Filed herewith.

143

**This exhibit is furnished herewith and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
***In accordance with Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive data files are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections.
§A management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
+This Exhibit was filed separately with the Commission pursuant to an application for confidential treatment. The confidential portions of the Exhibit have been omitted and have been marked by the following symbol: [**].


SIGNATURES

The Company has not filed long-term debt instruments of its subsidiaries where the total amount under such instruments is less than ten percent of the total assets of the Company and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. However, the Company will furnish a copy of such instruments to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.

144


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on February 27, 2009.
21, 2012.

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC.
By:  /s/ Mark P. Mays  
By: Mark P. Mays /s/ ROBERT W. PITTMAN
 Robert W. Pittman
 Chief Executive Officer

Power of Attorney

Each person whose signature appears below authorizes Mark P. Mays, Randall T. MaysRobert W. Pittman, Thomas W. Casey and Herbert W. Hill, Jr.,Scott D. Hamilton, or any one of them, each of whom may act without joinder of the others, to execute in the name of each such person who is then an officer or director of the Registrant and to file any amendments to this annual reportAnnual Report on Form 10-K necessary or advisable to enable the Registrant to comply with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission in respect thereof, which amendments may make such changes in such report as such attorney-in-fact may deem appropriate.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name

  

Title

 

Date

Name

/s/ Robert W. Pittman

  TitleDate
/s/ Mark P. Mays
Mark P. Mays

Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Director

 February 27, 200921, 2012

Robert W. Pittman

   

/s/ Randall T. Mays

Randall T. MaysThomas W. Casey

  Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) and Director February 27, 200921, 2012

Thomas W. Casey

   

/s/ Herbert W. Hill, Jr.

Herbert W. Hill, Jr.Scott D. Hamilton

  Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary (Principal Accounting Officer) and Assistant Secretary February 27, 200921, 2012

Scott D. Hamilton

   

/s/ David Abrams

David AbramsMark P. Mays

  Chairman of the Board and Director February 27, 200921, 2012

Mark P. Mays

   

/s/ Steve Barnes

Steve BarnesRandall T. Mays

  Vice Chairman and Director February 27, 200921, 2012

Randall T. Mays

   

Name

  

Title

Date

/s/ David C. Abrams

DirectorFebruary 21, 2012

David C. Abrams

    

/s/ Richard J. Bressler

Richard J. BresslerIrving L. Azoff

  Director  February 27, 200921, 2012


Irving L. Azoff

    
Name

/s/ Steven W. Barnes

  TitleDirector  DateFebruary 21, 2012

Steven W. Barnes

    

/s/ Charles A. Brizius

Charles A. BriziusRichard J. Bressler

  Director  February 27, 200921, 2012

Richard J. Bressler

    

/s/ John Connaughton

John ConnaughtonCharles A. Brizius

  Director  February 27, 200921, 2012

Charles A. Brizius

    

/s/ Blair Hendrix

Blair HendrixJohn P. Connaughton

  Director  February 27, 200921, 2012

John P. Connaughton

    

/s/ Jonathan S. Jacobson

Jonathan S. JacobsonBlair E. Hendrix

  Director  February 27, 200921, 2012

Blair E. Hendrix

    

/s/ Ian K. Loring

Ian K. LoringJonathon S. Jacobson

  Director  February 27, 200921, 2012

Jonathon S. Jacobson

    

/s/ Scott M. Sperling

Scott M. SperlingIan K. Loring

  Director  February 27, 200921, 2012

Ian K. Loring

    

/s/ Kent R. Weldon

Kent R. WeldonScott M. Sperling

  Director  February 27, 200921, 2012

Scott M. Sperling

 

124