UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
(Mark One) FORM 10-K
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2007.2008.
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ___ to ___.
Commission file number: 1-8266
DATARAM CORPORATION
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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
New Jersey 22-1831409
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(State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
P.O. Box 7528, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-7528
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(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (609) 799-0071
Securities registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Name of exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value NASDAQ Stock Market
Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: NONE
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned
issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [ ] No [X]
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports
pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes [ ] No [X]
NOTE - Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required
to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from
their obligations under those Sections.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to
Item 405 of Regulation S-K (Section 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained
herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in
the definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in
Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated
filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer.smaller reporting
company. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer"filer
and smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
one):
Large accelerated filer [ ] Accelerated filer [ ] Non-accelerated filer [ ]
Smaller reporting company [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell-company (as
defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [ ] No [X]
The aggregate market value of the Common Stock held by non-affiliates of
the registrant calculated on the basis of the closing price as of the last
business day of the registrant's most recently completed second quarter,
October 31, 2006,2007, was $35,699,100.$28,396,892.
The number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on July 16, 200725, 2008 was
8,753,1338,869,184 shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
(1) Definitive Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be
held on September 27, 200725, 2008 (the "Definitive Proxy Statement") to be filed
within 120 days of the end of the fiscal year.
(2) 20072008 Annual Report to Security Holders
1
DATARAM CORPORATION
INDEX
Part I Page
Item 1. Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Item 1A. Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Item 2. Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Item 3. Legal Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of
Security Holders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Part II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity,
Related Stockholder Matters and
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. . . . . . 11
Item 6. Selected Financial Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operation . . 11
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures
About Market Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. . . 12
Item 9. Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants
on Accounting and Financial Disclosure . . . . . 1615
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . 1615
Item 9A(T)Controls and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . 1615
Item 9B. Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1615
Part III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers, and
Corporate Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1716
Item 11. Executive Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1716
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain
Beneficial Owners and Management and
Related Stockholder Matters. . . . . . . . . . . 1716
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related
Transactions, and Director Independence. . . . . 1716
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services . . . . . 1716
Part IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules . . . . 1716
Signatures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1817
2
PART I
Item 1. BUSINESS
(a) General development of business.
Dataram Corporation (the "Company") is a developer, manufacturer and
marketer of large capacity memory products primarily used in high
performance network servers and workstations. The Company provides
customized memory solutions for original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs")
and compatible memory for computers manufactured by Hewlett-Packard Company
("HP"), Sun Microsystems, Inc. ("Sun"), International Business Machines
Corporation ("IBM"), Silicon Graphics, Inc. ("SGI"), and Dell Corporation ("Dell"). The Company also
manufactures a line of memory products for Intel and AMD motherboard based
servers for sale to OEMs and channel assemblers.
The Company's memory products are sold worldwide to OEMs, distributors,
value-added resellers and end-users. The Company has a manufacturing
facility in the United States with sales and/or marketing offices in the
United States, Europe and Japan. The Company competes with several other
large independent memory manufacturers as well as the OEMs mentioned above.
The primary raw material used in producing memory boards is dynamic random
access memory chips ("DRAMs"). The purchase cost of DRAMs typically represents approximately 75%is the largest
single component of the total cost of a finished memory board. Consequently,
average selling prices for computer memory boards are significantly dependent
on the pricing and availability of DRAMs.
The Company's revenuesRevenues for fiscal 20072008 were $38.4$30.9 million compared to $41.8$38.4 million
in fiscal 2006.2007. The decline in revenue camerevenues is primarily from
reduced sales to one OEM customer, that had been experiencing financial
difficulties. Revenues derived from sales to this customer were $7,000 in
fiscal 2007 compared to $3.0 million in fiscal 2006. Fiscal 2007 sales to
this customer occurred primarily in the Company's first fiscal quarter ended
July 31, 2006. Revenues were also adversely impacted by a decline in averageresult of
decreased selling prices. The Company's average selling price per gigabyteprices are significantly
dependent on the pricing and availability of DRAM chips. The Company's
products utilize DRAMs of varying capacities, organizations and package
types. While the changes in the purchase cost of specific DRAMs over time
are not necessarily uniform or even move in the same direction, over the
last fiscal year, the Company's purchase cost of the primary DRAMs used in
our products declined by approximately 25%over 60 percent. This resulted in a larger than
anticipated reduction in our selling prices as we passed our cost savings
through to our customers. Consequently, the Company's selling prices for
similar products when compared on a year over year basis were lower than
expected.
Cost of sales was $19.0 million in fiscal 20072008 or 61.6 percent of
revenues compared to $29.4 million or 76.6 percent of revenues in fiscal
2007. There were several primary factors which contributed to the
prior year. However, the
decrease in average selling price was offset by higher volume, measured as
gigabytes shipped.percentage decline. The Company's gross margins in fiscal 2007 were 23 percentgeneral pricing strategy has been to
reduce its selling prices by approximately the same amount as the cost
savings realized from lower DRAM prices. This has had the effect of
revenue.
Thisincreasing the realized gross margin level is considered by managementpercentage. Also, during fiscal 2008,
there was a shift in sales to be normal. Management
expects thatlarger capacity memory modules, which
typically command higher margins. As the price of the Company's higher
capacity products came down as a result of lower DRAM costs, they became a
more affordable option for customers with memory intensive applications.
Finally, year over year cost of sales expense also included savings of
approximately $626,000 as a percentageresult of revenue will generally be
approximately 75%, which isa reduction in line with its historical norm. Fluctuations
either up or down of 3% or less in any given period are not unusualworkforce and can
result from many factors, some of which are a rapid changeother
manufacturing costs initiated in the pricefourth quarter of DRAMs, a change in product mix possibly resulting from a large order or
series of orders for a particular product or a change in customer mix.the prior fiscal year.
3
The Company was incorporated in New Jersey in 1967 and made its initial
public offering in 1968. Its common stock, $1 par value (the "Common Stock")
was listed for trading on the American Stock Exchange in 1981. In 2000 the
Company changed its listing to the NASDAQ National Market (now the NASDAQ
Stock Market) where its stock trades under the symbol "DRAM." The Company's
principal executive office is located at 186 Princeton Road (Route 571),
West Windsor, New Jersey 08550, its telephone number is (609) 799-0071, its
fax is (609) 799-6734 and its website is located at http://www.dataram.com.
Proxy Statements, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q
and Current Reports on Form 8-K and all amendments thereto are available on
this website free of charge.
3
(b) Financial information about segments.
The Company operates in one industry segment.
(c) Narrative description of business.
Industry Background
The market for the Company's memory products is principally the buyers
and owners of workstations and network servers and the OEMs that manufacture
workstations, servers and other products that use embedded computers. These
systems have been important to the growth of the Internet.
A workstation, like a PC, is designed to provide computer resources to
individual users. A workstation differs from a PC by providing substantially
greater computational performance, input/output capability and graphic
display. Workstations are nearly always networked. As a result of this
networking capability of both workstations and PCs, the network server has
grown in importance.
Network servers are computer systems on a network which provide
dedicated functions accessible by all workstations and other systems on the
same network. Examples of different types of servers in use today are: file
servers, communication servers, computation servers, database servers, print
servers and storage servers.
The Company designs, produces and markets memory products for
workstations and computer servers sold by Sun, HP, IBM, SGI and Dell.
Additionally, the Company produces and markets memory for Intel and AMD
processor based motherboards for use by OEMs and channel assemblers.
The "open system" philosophy espoused by most of the general computer
industry has played a part in enlarging the market for third party vendors.
Under the "open system" philosophy, manufacturers adhere to industry design
standards, enabling users to "mix and match" hardware and software products
from a variety of vendors so that a system can be configured for the user's
application in the most economical manner with reduced concern for
compatibility and support. Memory products for workstations and servers
have become commodities with substantial competition from OEMs and a number
of independent memory manufacture suppliers.
Generally, growth in the memory market closely follows both the growth
in unit shipments of system vendors and the growth of memory requirements per
system.
Management estimates that long-term growth trends measured by
revenue in the market for its products is increasing.4
Management also estimates that in the compatibles market, sales by
system vendors constitute 80% of the memory market. To successfully compete
with system vendors, the Company must continue to respond to customers' needs
in a short time frame. To support customers' needs, the Company has a
dedicated and highly automated manufacturing facility that is designed to
produce and ship customer orders within twenty-four hours or less.
The OEM market is also an important part of the Company's business.
Management believes that increasingly cost conscious OEMs are looking to
independent memory suppliers such as the Company for the low-cost supply of
memory modules.
4
Products
The Company's principal business is the development, manufacture and
marketing of memory modules which can be added to various enterprise servers
and workstations to upgrade or expand the capabilities of such systems.
When vendors produce computer systems adhering to open system industry
standards, the development effort for the Company and other independent
memory manufacturers is straightforward and allows for the use of many
standard components.
Distribution
The Company sells its memory products to OEM's, distributors, value-
added resellers and larger end-users. The Company has sales and/or
marketing support offices in New Jersey, Denmark, France, the United
Kingdom, Germany and Japan.
Product Warranty and Service
Management believes that the Company's reputation for the reliability
of its memory products and the confidence of prospective purchasers in the
Company's ability to provide service over the life of the product are
important factors in making sales. As a consequence, the Company adopted
many years ago a Lifetime Warranty program for its memory products. The
economic useful life of the computer systems to which the Company's memory
modules are attached is almost always substantially less than the physical
useful life of the Company's memory products. Thus, memory products are
unlikely to "wear out." The Company's experience is that less than 1% of
all the products it sells are returned under the Lifetime Warranty.
Working Capital Requirements
The memory product business is heavily dependent upon the price of
DRAMs. Producers of DRAM are required to invest substantial capital
resources to produce their end product. Their marginal cost is low as a
percentage of the total cost of the product. As a result, the world-wide
market for DRAMs has swung in the past from period to period from oversupply
to shortage. During periods of substantial oversupply, the Company has seen
falling prices for DRAMs and wide availability of DRAMs allowing the Company
to have minimum inventories to meet the needs of customers. During periods
of shortage, DRAMs are allocated to customers and the Company must invest
heavily in inventory in order to continue to be assured of the supply of
DRAMs from vendors. Thus, the Company must maintain large cash reserves.
At the present time, the market for DRAMs is one of oversupply. At April
30, 2007,2008, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $14.1$17.6 million and had
no debt.
5
Memory Product Complexity
DRAM memory products for workstations and enterprise servers had, for
many years, been undergoing a process of simplification with a corresponding
decline in profit margins as competitors' entry into the market became
easier. However, recent trends in the market have seen the development by
OEMs of more complex memory designs. This has enabled the Company to
increase its margins somewhat.margins.
Engineering and Development
The Company's ability to compete successfully depends upon its ability
to identify new memory needs of its customers. To achieve this goal, the
Company's engineering group continually monitors computer system vendors'
new product developments, and the Company evaluates and tests major
components as 5
they become available. The Company designs prototype memory
modules and subjects them to reliability testing procedures. During its
fiscal year ended April 30, 2007,2008, the Company incurred costs of $1,243,000$1,267,000
for engineering and product development, $1,243,000 in fiscal 2007 and
$1,136,000 in fiscal 2006 and
$1,300,000 in fiscal 2005.2006.
Raw Materials
The Company purchases standard DRAMs. The cost of such chips is approximately 75%the
largest single component of the total cost of memory products. Fluctuations
in the availability or prices of DRAMs can have a significant impact on the
Company's profit.
The Company has created close relationships with a number of primary
suppliers while qualifying and developing alternate sources as a back up.
The qualification program consists of extensive evaluation of process
capabilities, on-time delivery performance and financial stability of each
supplier. Alternative sources are qualified to normally assure supply in the
event of a problem with the primary source or to handle surges in demand.
Manufacturing
The Company assembles its memory boards at its manufacturing facility
in Bucks County, Pennsylvania.
Backlog
The Company expects that all backlog on hand will be filled during the
current fiscal year and most in a matter of days. The Company's backlog at
April 30, 2008 was $255,000, at April 30, 2007 it was $579,000, and at April
30, 2006 it was $964,000, and at April
30, 2005 it was $3,735,000.$964,000.
Seasonality
The Company's business can be seasonal with December and January being
the slowest months.
Competition
The intensely competitive computer industry is characterized by rapid
technological change and constant pricing pressures. These characteristics
are equally applicable to the third party memory market, where pricing is a
major consideration in the buying decision. The Company competes with HP,
Sun, IBM, SGI, and Dell, as well as with a number of third party memory suppliers,
including Kingston Technology.
6
Although many of the Company's competitors possess significantly
greater financial, marketing and technological resources, the Company
competes favorably based on the buying criteria of price/performance, time-to-market,time-
to-market, product quality, reliability, service/support, breadth of product
line and compatibility with computer system vendors' technology. The
Company's objective is to continue to remain strong in all of these areas
with particular focus on price/performance and time-to-market, which
management believes are two of the more important criteria in the selection
of third party memory product suppliers. Market research and analysis
capability by the Company is necessary to ensure timely information on new
products and technologies coming from the computer system vendors and from
the overall memory market. The Company must continue low cost, high volume
production while remaining flexible to satisfy the time-to-market
requirement.
6
The Company believes that its 40-year41-year reputation for providing quality
products is an important factor to its customers when making a purchase
decision. To strengthen this reputation, the Company has a comprehensive
lifetime warranty program which provides customers with added confidence in
buying from the Company. See "Business-Product Warranty and Service."
Patents, Trademarks and Licenses
The Company believes that its success depends primarily upon the price
and performance of its products rather than on ownership of copyrights or
patents.
Sale of memory products for systems that use proprietary memory design
can from time to time give rise to claims of copyright or patent
infringement. In most such instances the Company has either obtained the
opinion of patent counsel that its products do not violate such patents or
copyrights or obtained a license from the original equipment manufacturer.
To the best of the Company's knowledge and belief, no Company product
infringes any valid copyright or patent. However, because of rapid
technological development in the computer industry with concurrent extensive
patent coverage and the rapid rate of issuance of new patents, questions of
infringement may continue to arise in the future. If such patents or
copyrights are perfected in the future, the Company believes, based upon
industry practice, that any necessary licenses would be obtainable upon the
payment of reasonable royalties.
Employees
As of April 30, 2007,2008, the Company had 9589 full-time employees. The
Company believes it has satisfactory relationships with its employees. None
of the Company's employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement.
Environmental
Compliance with federal, state and local provisions which have been
enacted or adopted to regulate the protection of the environment does not
have a material effect upon the capital expenditures, earnings and
competitive position of the Company. The Company does not expect to make
any material expenditures for environmental control facilities in either the
current fiscal year (fiscal 2008)2009) or the succeeding fiscal year (fiscal
2009)2010).
7
(d) Financial information about geographic area sales.
REVENUES (000's)
Export
Fiscal U.S. Europe Other* Consolidated
------ ----- ------ ------ ------------
2008 $22,270 5,875 2,748 $30,893
2007 $27,583 6,484 4,337 $38,404
2006 $29,321 9,151 3,323 $41,795
2005 $50,210 8,716 6,758 $65,684
PERCENTAGES
Export
Fiscal U.S. Europe Other* Consolidated
------ ----- ------ ------ ------------
2008 72.1% 19.0% 8.9% 100.0%
2007 71.8% 16.9% 11.3% 100.0%
2006 70.1% 21.9% 8.0% 100.0%
2005 76.4% 13.3% 10.3% 100.0%
*Principally Asia Pacific Region
Item 1A. RISK FACTORS
WE MAY HAVE TO SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASE OUR WORKING CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
IN THE EVENT OF DRAM ALLOCATIONS. Over the past 20 years, availability of
DRAMs has swung back and forth from oversupply to shortage. In times of
shortage, we have been forced to invest substantial working capital resources
in building and maintaining inventory. At such times we have bought DRAMs
in excess of our customers' needs in order to ensure future allocations from
DRAM manufacturers. We believe that the market for DRAMs is presently out
of balance and there is an oversupply of DRAMs, but there can be no
assurance that conditions of shortage may not prevail in the future. In the
event of a shortage, we may not be able to obtain sufficient DRAMs to meet
customers' needs in the short term, and we may have to invest substantial
working capital resources in order to meet long term customer needs.
WE COULD SUFFER LOSSES IF DRAM PRICES DECLINE SUBSTANTIALLY. We are at
times required to maintain substantial inventories during periods of
shortage and allocation. Thereafter, during periods of increasing
availability of DRAMs and rapidly declining prices, we have been forced to
write down inventory. At the present time, the market is one of oversupply,
and we seek to maintain a minimum inventory while meeting the needs of
customers. But there can be no assurance that we will not suffer losses in
the future based upon high inventories and declining DRAM prices.
OUR MEMORY PRODUCTS MAY VIOLATE OTHERS' PATENTS. Certain of our memory
products are designed to be used with proprietary computer systems built by
various OEM manufacturers. We often have to comply with the OEM's
proprietary memory designs which may be patented, now or at some time in the
future. OEMs have, at times, claimed that we have violated their patent
rights by adapting our computer memory products to meet the requirements of
their systems. It is our policy to, in unclear cases, either obtain an
opinion of patent counsel prior to marketing, or obtain a license from the
patent holder. We are presently licensed by Sun Microsystems and Silicon
Graphics to sell memory products for certain of their products. However,
there can be no assurance that memory designs will not be created in the
future which will, in fact, be patented and which patent holders will
require the payment of substantial royalties as a condition for our continued
8
presence in the segment of the market covered by the patent or they may not
give us a license. Nor can there be any assurance that our existing
products do not violate one or more existing patents.
WE MAY LOSE AN IMPORTANT CUSTOMER. During fiscal 2007,2008, the largest ten
customers accounted for approximately 41%43% of the Company's revenues, with
no
one customer accounting for 10% or moreapproximately 14% of the Company's revenues.
There can be no assurance that one or more of these customers will not cease
or materially decrease their business with the Company in the future and
that our financial performance will not be adversely affected thereby.
WE MAY DISCONTINUE PAYING DIVIDENDS. In the most recent quarter we paid
a dividend of $0.06 a share and it is our present intention to continue to
pay that dividend each quarter into the future. However, our ability to
continue paying dividends in this or any other amount is dependent upon our
continued ability to generate profits and positive cash flow. While a
failure to produce profits and positive cash flow in any particular quarter
may not result in the Company discontinuing paying dividends, a succession of
small quarterly earnings and cash flows could result in the Board of
Directors taking that step. Our statement of intention that we will continue
to pay dividends each quarter is not a guarantee.
SALES DIRECTLY TO OEM'S CAN MAKE OUR REVENUES, EARNINGS, BACKLOG AND
INVENTORY LEVELS UNEVEN. Revenue and earnings from OEM sales may become
uneven as order sizes are typically large and often a completed order cannot
be shipped until released by the OEM, e.g., to meet a "just in time"
inventory requirement. This may occur at or near the end of an accounting
period. In such case, revenues and earnings could decline for the period
and inventory and backlog could increase.
WE FACE COMPETITION FROM OEMs. In the compatibles market we sell our
products at a lower price than OEMs. Customers will often pay some premium
for the "name brand" product when buying additional memory and OEMs seek to
exploit this tendency by having a high profit margin on memory products.
However, individual OEMs can change their policy and price memory products
competitively. While we believe that with our manufacturing efficiency and
low overhead we still would be able to compete favorably with OEMs, in such
an event profit margins and earnings would be adversely affected. Also,
OEMs cancould choose to use "free memory" as a promotional device in which case
our ability to compete iswould be severely impaired.
WE FACE COMPETITION FROM DRAM MANUFACTURERS. DRAM manufacturers not
only sell their product as discreet devices, but also as finished memory
modules. They primarily sell these modules directly to OEMs and large
distributors and as such compete with us. There can be no assurance that
DRAM manufacturers will not expand their market and customer base, and our
profit margins and earnings could be adversely affected.
THE MARKET FOR OUR PRODUCTS MAY NARROW OVER TIME. The principal market
for our memory products isconsists of the manufacturers, buyers and owners of
workstations and enterprise servers, classes of machines lying between large
mainframe computers and personal computers. Personal computers are
increasing in their power and sophistication and, as a result, are now
filling some of the computational needs traditionally filled by workstations.
The competition for the supply of after-market memory products in the PC
industry is very competitive and to the extent we compete in this market we
can be expected to have lower profit margins. There can be no assurance
that this trend will not continue in the future, and that our financial
performance will not be adversely affected.
9
A PORTION OF OUR OPERATIONS ARE DESIGNED TO MEET THE NEEDS OF THE VERY
COMPETITIVE INTEL AND AMD PROCESSOR-BASED MOTHERBOARD MARKET. In addition
to selling server memory systems, we develop, manufacturer and market a
variety of memory products for motherboards that are Intel or AMD processor
based. Many of these products are sold to OEMs and incorporated into
computers and other equipment. This is an intensely competitive market with
high volumes but lower margins.
WE MAY MAKE UNPROFITABLE ACQUISITIONS. While we are not currently
engaged in discussions which could lead to an acquisition, theThe Company is actively looking
at acquiring complementary products and related intellectual property. The
possibility exists that an acquisition will be made at some time in the
future. Uncertainty surrounds all acquisitions and it is possible that a
particular acquisition may not result in a benefit to shareholders,
particularly in the short term.
WE MAY BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS. A portion
of our accounts receivable and a portion of our expenses are denominated in
foreign currencies. These proportions change over time. As a result, the
Company's revenues and expenses may be adversely affected, from time to
time, by changes in the relationship of the dollar to various foreign
currencies on foreign exchange markets. The Company does not currently
hedge its foreign currency risks.
OUR STOCK HAS LIMITED LIQUIDITY. Although our stock is publicly
traded, it has been observed that this market is "thin." As a result, the
Common
Stockcommon stock may trade at a discount to what would be its value if the stock
enjoyed greater liquidity.
WE ARE SUBJECT TO THE NEW JERSEY SHAREHOLDERS PROTECTION ACT. This
statute has the effect of prohibiting any "business combination" - a very
broadly defined term - with any "interested shareholder" unless the
transaction is approved by the Board of Directors at a time before the
interested shareholder had acquired a 10% ownership interest. This
prohibition of "business combinations" is for five years after the
shareholder became an "interested shareholder" and continues after that time
period subject to certain exceptions. A practical consequence of this
statute is that a hostile acquisition of our company is unlikely to occur
and hostile transactions which might be of benefit to our shareholders are
unlikely to occur.
Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
Item 2. PROPERTIES
The Company occupies 15,200 square feet of space for administrative,
sales, research and development and manufacturing support in West Windsor
Township, New Jersey under a lease expiring on June 30, 2011.
The Company leases 32,000 square feet of assembly plant and office
space in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. The lease expires on January 31, 2011.
In the event the Lessor enters into a bona fide agreement for sale of the
premises, the Lessor can terminate this lease on two (2) years notice.
The Company also leases marketing facilities in the United Kingdom,
Denmark, France, Germany, and Japan.
10
Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None.
Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matter was submitted to a vote of Security Holders in the fourth
quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report.
PART II
Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Incorporated by reference herein is the information set forth in the
Company's 20072008 Annual Report to Security Holders under the caption "Common
Stock Information" at page 5 and the information from the Definitive Proxy
Statement under the caption "Equity Plan Compensation Information." No
shares were sold other than pursuant to a registered offering during fiscal
2007.2008. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007,2008, the Company purchased no shares
of its common stock.
Item 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Incorporated by reference herein is the information set forth in the
20072008 Annual Report to Security Holders under the caption "Selected Financial
Data" at page 20.
Item 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATION
Incorporated by reference herein is the information set forth in the
20072008 Annual Report to Security Holders under the caption "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation" at
page 2 through page 5.
Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Incorporated by reference herein is the information set forth in the
20072008 Annual Report to Security Holders under the caption "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation" at
page 5.
11
Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedule Page in
Annual
Report*
Consolidated Financial Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 20072008 and 2006.2007. . . 6
Consolidated Statements of Earnings - Years ended
April 30, 2008, 2007 2006 and 20052006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -
Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 2006 and 20052006 . . . . . . . . 8
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity -
Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 2006 and 20052006 . . . . . . . . 9
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -
Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 2006 and 20052006 . . . . . . . . 10-18
ReportsReport of Independent Registered Public Accounting
FirmsFirm on Consolidated Financial Statements.Statements . . . . . . . . 19
Financial Statement Schedule:
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts -
Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 2006 and 20052006. . . . . . . . . 13
ReportsReport of Independent Registered Public Accounting
FirmsFirm on Financial Statement Schedule . . . . . . . . . . 14-1514
All other schedules are omitted as the required information is not
applicable or because the required information is included in the
consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
- --------------
*Incorporated herein by reference.
12
Schedule II
DATARAM CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 2006 and 20052006
Additions
charged Deduc-
Balance at to costs tions Balance
beginning and from at close
Description of period expenses reserves of period
___________ _________ ________ _________ _________
Year ended April 30, 2008:
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 70,000 12,000 32,000* 50,000
Allowance for sales returns $ 230,000 375,000 405,000 200,000
Year ended April 30, 2007:
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 60,000 40,000 30,000* 70,000
Allowance for sales returns $ 240,000 393,000 403,000 230,000
Year ended April 30, 2006:
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 75,000 (92,000) (77,000)* 60,000
Allowance for sales returns $ 250,000 678,000 688,000 240,000
Year ended April 30, 2005:
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 100,000 8,000 33,000* 75,000
Allowance for sales returns $ 220,000 843,000 813,000 250,000- ---------------
*Represents write-offs and recoveries of accounts receivable.
13
REPORTSREPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMSFIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Dataram Corporation:
Under date of July 3, 2007,24, 2008, we reported on the consolidated balance sheets
of Dataram Corporation and Subsidiaries as of April 30, 20072008 and 2006,2007, and
the related consolidated statements of earnings, stockholders' equity and
cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period then ended, as
contained in the April 30, 20072008 Annual Report to Security Holders. These
consolidated financial statements and our report thereon are incorporated by
reference in the annual report on Form 10-
K10-K for the year ended April 30, 2007.2008.
In connection with our audits of the aforementioned consolidated financial
statements, we also audited the related consolidated financial statement
schedule as listed in the accompanying Index at Item 8. This financial
statement schedule is the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statement schedule
based on our audits.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statement schedule referred to
above, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial
statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the
information set forth therein.
/s/ J.H. COHN LLP
J.H. Cohn LLP
Lawrenceville, New Jersey
July 3, 200724, 2008
14
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Dataram Corporation:
Under date of July 8, 2005, we reported on the consolidated statements
of earnings, stockholders' equity and cash flows of Dataram Corporation
and subsidiaries for the year ended April 30, 2005, as contained in the
April 30, 2007 Annual Report to Security Holders. These consolidated
financial statements and our report thereon are incorporated by reference in
the annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2007. In
connection with our audit of the aforementioned consolidated financial
statements, we also audited the related consolidated financial statement
schedule for the year ended April 30, 2005 as listed in the accompanying
index. This financial statement schedule is the responsibility of the
Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
financial statement schedule based on our audit.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statement schedule, when
considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken
as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set
forth therein.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Short Hills, New Jersey
July 8, 2005
15
Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
On October 6, 2005, Dataram Corporation ("the Company") engaged J.H.
Cohn LLP as its independent registered public accounting firm to perform the
Company's annual audit for its fiscal year ending April 30, 2006, and review
of the Company's interim quarterly financial statements. The Company had
previously engaged KPMG LLP as its principal accountants. On October 6, 2005
the Company dismissed KPMG LLP as its principal accountants. The decision to
dismiss KPMG LLP and engage J.H. Cohn LLP was made by the Audit Committee of
the Board of Directors.
In connection with the audits of the two fiscal years ended April 30,
2005 and 2004, and the subsequent interim period through October 6, 2005,
there were no: (1)disagreements with KPMG LLP on any matter of accounting
principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or
procedures, which disagreements if not resolved to their satisfaction would
have caused them to make reference in connection with their opinion to the
subject matter of the disagreement or (2) reportable events as described by
Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.
The audit reports of KPMG LLP on the consolidated financial statements
of the Company and subsidiaries as of and for the years ended April 30, 2005
and 2004 did not contain any adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion, nor
were they qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting
principles.Not applicable.
Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
No Applicable.
Item 9A(T). CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The Company's management acting under the supervision of the Audit
Committee is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal
controls and procedures to permit accurate financial reporting. Under the
supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer weof the Company have
evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant toas
required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)13a-15(b) as of the end of the period covered
by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and
procedures are effective.
REPORT OF MANAGEMENT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate
internal control over financial reporting for the Company. Internal control
over financial reporting is a process to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of our financial reporting for external purposes
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America. Internal control over financial reporting includes
maintaining records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect
our transactions; providing reasonable assurance that transactions are
recorded as necessary for preparation of our financial statements; providing
reasonable assurance that receipts and expenditures of company assets are
made in accordance with management authorization; and providing reasonable
assurance that unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of company
assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements would
be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Because of its inherent
limitations, internal control over financial reporting is not intended to
provide absolute assurance that a misstatement of our financial statements
would be prevented or detected.
Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal
control over financial reporting. Based on this evaluation, management
concluded that the Company's internal control over financial reporting was
effective as of April 30, 2008. There were no changes in our internal
control over financial reporting during the quarter ended April 30, 20072008
that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect,
our internal control over financial reporting. This annual reportAnnual Report does not
include a report of management's
assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or an attestation report of the Company's independent registered public
accounting firm dueregarding internal control over financial reporting.
Management's report was not subject to a transition period establishedattestation by the Securities and Exchange Commission for
non-accelerated filers.
Item 9A(T). Controls and Procedures
Not Applicable.Company's
independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of
the SEC that permit the Company to provide only management's report in the
Annual Report.
Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
1615
PART III
Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Incorporated by reference herein is the information set forth in the
Definitive Proxy Statement under the captions "Executive Officers of the
Company", "Nominees for Director" and "Section 16 Compliance." The
Company's "Code of Ethics", within the meaning of Item 406 of Registered
S-K, is posted on the Company's web site at www.dataram.com
Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Incorporated by reference herein is the information set forth in the
Definitive Proxy Statement under the caption "Executive Compensation."
Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Incorporated by reference herein is the information set forth in the
Definitive Proxy Statement under the captions "Security Ownership of Certain
Beneficial Owners and Management" and "Equity Plan Compensation Information."
Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Incorporated by reference herein is the information set forth in the
Definitive Proxy Statement under the captions "Executive Compensation" and
"Board of Directors."
Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Incorporated by reference herein is the information set forth in the
Definitive Proxy Statement under the caption "Principal Accountant Fees and
Services."
PART IV
Item 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
The following documents are filed as part of this report:
1. Financial Statements incorporated by
reference into Part II of this Report.
2. Financial Statement Schedule included in
Part II of this Report.
3. The documents identified in the Exhibit Index which
appears on page 19.
1718.
16
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
DATARAM CORPORATION
(Registrant)
Date: July 23, 200725, 2008 By: ROBERT V. TARANTINOJOHN H. FREEMAN
--------------------------------
Robert V. Tarantino,John H. Freeman, President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the Company
and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Date: July 23, 200725, 2008 By: ROBERT V. TARANTINOJOHN H. FREEMAN
--------------------------------
Robert V. Tarantino,John H. Freeman, President
Chief Executive Officer and
Chairman of the Board of Directors
(Principal Executive Officer)Director
Date: July 23, 200725, 2008 By: THOMAS A. MAJEWSKI
--------------------------------
Thomas A. Majewski, Director
Date: July 23, 200725, 2008 By: BERNARD L. RILEY
--------------------------------
Bernard L. Riley, Director
Date: July 23, 200725, 2008 By: ROGER C. CADY
--------------------------------
Roger C. Cady, Director
Date: July 23, 200725, 2008 By: ROSE ANN GIORDANO
--------------------------------
Rose Ann Giordano, Director
Date: July 23, 2007 By: JOHN H. FREEMAN
--------------------------------
John H. Freeman, Director
Date: July 23, 200725, 2008 By: MARK E. MADDOCKS
--------------------------------
Mark E. Maddocks
Vice President, Finance
(Principal Financial & Accounting Officer)
1817
EXHIBIT INDEX
3(a) Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
Incorporated by reference
from Exhibits to a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
July 31, 2000 and filed on September 13, 2000.
3(b) By-Laws. Incorporated by reference from Exhibits to an Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2003 and filed on July 26,
2003.
4(a) Loan Agreement dated as of June 21, 2004. Incorporated by reference
from Exhibits to an Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
April 30, 2004 and filed on July 28, 2004.
4(b) Committed Line of Credit Note dated as of June 21, 2005.
Incorporated by reference from Exhibits to an Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2004 and filed on July 28, 2004.
4(c) Amendment to Loan Documents Dated as of April 4, 2005. Incorporated by
reference from Exhibits to an Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended April 30, 2005 and filed on July 28, 2005.
4(d) Amendment to Loan Agreement dated as of June 20, 2006. Incorporated by
reference from Exhibits to an Annual Report on Form 8-K filed on
July 7, 2006.
10(a) 2001 Stock Option Plan.* Incorporated by reference from Exhibits to a
Definitive Proxy Statement for an Annual Meeting of Shareholders held
on September 12, 2001 and filed on July 26, 2001.
10(b) Savings and Investment Retirement Plan, January 1, 2001 Restatement.*
Incorporated by reference from Exhibits to an Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2003 and filed on July 26,
2003.
10(c) West Windsor, New Jersey Lease dated September 19, 2000. Incorporated
by reference from Exhibits to an Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended April 30, 2001 and filed on July 26, 2001.
10(d) Addendum "D" to West Windsor, New Jersey Lease dated February 13, 2006.
Incorporated by reference from Exhibits to a Current Report on Form 8-K
filed on February 14, 2006.
10(e) Bucks County, Pennsylvania Lease dated January 11, 2006. Incorporated
by reference from Exhibits to a Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
January 26, 2006.
10(f) Employment Agreement of Robert V. Tarantino dated as of February 1,
2005.* Incorporated by reference from Exhibits to an Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2005 and filed on July 28,
2005.
10(g) Employment Agreement of Jeffrey H. Duncan dated as of February 1,
2005.* Incorporated by reference from Exhibits to an Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2005 and filed on July 28,
2005.
10(h) Employment Agreement of Mark E. Maddocks dated as of February 1, 2005.*
Incorporated by reference from Exhibits to an Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2005 and filed July 28, 2005.
1918
13(a) 20072008 Annual Report to Shareholders
14(a) Code of Ethics. Incorporated by reference from Exhibits to a Current
Report on Form 8-K filed on June 30, 2005.
23(a) Consent of KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
23(b) Consent of J.H. Cohn LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm.
31(a) Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Robert V. TarantinoJohn H. Freeman
31(b) Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Mark E. Maddocks
32(a) Section 1350 Certification of Robert V. TarantinoJohn H. Freeman (Furnished not Filed)
32(b) Section 1350 Certification of Mark E. Maddocks (Furnished not Filed)
*Management Contract or Compensatory Plan or Arrangement
2019