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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
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[X]ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20002001
or
[_]TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 0-7154
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QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
A Pennsylvania Corporation No. 23-0993790
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)
Elm and Lee Streets, Conshohocken, 19428 Pennsylvania 19428
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive
offices)
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Registrant's telephone number, including area code (610) 832-4000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Name of each Exchange on which Title of each class registered
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Common Stock, $1.00 par value New York Stock Exchange
Stock Purchase Rights New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
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Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [_]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to
the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [X][_]
State the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of
the Registrant. (The aggregate market value is computed by reference to the
last reported sale on the New York Stock Exchange on March 9, 2001)8, 2002):
$145,038,814.$206,450,054.
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the Registrant's
classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date: 8,929,5769,164,385 shares of
Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value, as of March 9, 2001.8, 2002.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement dated March 30, 200128, 2002
in connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 9, 20018, 2002
are incorporated into Part III.
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PART I
As used in this Report, the terms "Quaker" and the "Company" refer to Quaker
Chemical Corporation, its subsidiaries, and associated companies, unless the
context otherwise requires.
Statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may constitute
forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements involve a number of risks,
uncertainties, and other factors that could cause actual results to differ
materially from those projected in such statements.
Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, further
downturns in our customers' businesses, significant increases in raw material
costs, worldwide economic and political conditions, and foreign currency
fluctuations, and future terrorist attacks such as those that may affect worldwide results of
operations.occurred on
September 11, 2001. Furthermore, the Company is subject to the same business
cycles as those experienced by steel, automobile, aircraft, appliance, and
durable goods manufacturers.
Item 1. Business.
General Description
Quaker develops, produces, and markets a broad range of formulated chemical
specialty products for various heavy industrial and manufacturing applications
and, in addition, offers and markets chemical management services. Quaker's
principal products and services include: (i) rolling lubricants (used by
manufacturers of steel in the hot and cold rolling of steel and by
manufacturers of aluminum in the cold rolling of aluminum); (ii) corrosion
preventives (used by steel and metalworking customers to protect metal during
manufacture, storage, and shipment); (iii) metal finishing compounds (used to
prepare metal surfaces for special treatments such as galvanizing and tin
plating and to prepare metal for further processing); (iv) machining and
grinding compounds (used by metalworking customers in cutting, shaping, and
grinding metal parts which require special treatment to enable them to tolerate
the manufacturing process); (v) forming compounds (used to facilitate the
drawing and extrusion of metal products); (vi) hydraulic fluids (used by steel,
metalworking, and other customers to operate hydraulically activated
equipment); (vii) technology for the removal of hydrogen sulfide in various
industrial applications; (viii) chemical milling maskants for the aerospace
industry and temporary and permanent coatings for metal products; (ix)
construction products such as flexible sealants and protective coatings for
various applications; and (x) programs to provide chemical management services.
On May 31, 2000, Quaker completed the sale of its U.S. pulp and paper
business which developed, produced and marketed paper production products used
as defoamers, release agents, softeners, debonders and dispersants. For
additional information see Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements, which appears in Item 8 of this report.
A substantial portion of Quaker's sales worldwide are made directly through
its own sales force with the balance being handled through distributors and
agents. Quaker sales persons visit the plants of customers regularly and,
through training and experience, identify production needs which can be
resolved or alleviated either by adapting Quaker's existing products or by
applying new formulations developed in Quaker's laboratories. In 2000, certain
products were also sold in Canada and Korea by licensees under long-term
royalty agreements. Generally,
separate manufacturing facilities of a single customer are served by different
sales personnel. Sales are recorded when products are shipped to customers and
services earned. As part of the Company's chemical management services, certain
third party products are transferred to customers at no gross profit and
accordingly, these transactions have no effect on net sales. Third party
products transferred under these arrangements totaled $20.7 million, $19.7
million, and $16.3 million for 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively. License fees
and royalties are recorded when earned and are included in other income.
The business of the Company and its operating results are subject to certain
risks, of which the principal ones are referred to in the following subsections.
Competition
The chemical specialty industry is composed of a number of companies of
similar size as well as companies larger and smaller than Quaker. Quaker cannot
readily determine its precise position in every industry it serves.
1
Based on information available to Quaker, however, it is estimated that Quaker
holds a significant position (among a group in excess of 25 other suppliers) in
the market for process fluids used in the production of hot and cold rolling of
steel. Many competitors are in fewer and more specialized product
classifications or provide different levels of technical services in terms of
specific formulations for individual 1
customers. Competition in the industry is
based primarily on the ability to provide products whichthat meet the needs of the
customer and render technical services and laboratory assistance to customers
and, to a lesser extent, on price.
Major Customers and Markets
During 2000,2001, Quaker's five largest customers (each composed of multiple
subsidiaries or divisions with semi-autonomous purchasing authority) accounted
for approximately 13.0%15% of its consolidated net sales with the largest of these
customers accounting for 4.0%approximately 5% of consolidated net sales. Furthermore, aA
significant portion of Quaker's revenues are realized from the sale of process
fluids to manufacturers of steel, automobiles, appliances, and durable goods,
and, therefore, Quaker is subject to the same business cycles as those
experienced by these manufacturers and their customers. Furthermore, steel
customers typically have limited manufacturing locations as compared to
metalworking customers and generally use higher volumes of products at a single
location. Accordingly, the loss or closure of a steel mill of a significant
customer can have a material adverse effect on Quaker's business.
Raw Materials
Quaker uses over 500 raw materials, including mineral oils, fats and fat
derivatives, ethylene derivatives, solvents, surface active agents, chlorinated
paraffinic compounds, and a wide variety of organic and inorganic compounds. In
2000,2001, only one raw material (mineral oil) accounted for as much as 10% of the
total cost of Quaker's raw material purchases. Many of the raw materials used
by Quaker are "commodity" chemicals, and, therefore, Quaker's earnings can be
affected by market changes in raw material prices. Quaker has multiple sources
of supply for most materials, and management believes that the failure of any
single supplier would not have a material adverse effect upon its business.
Reference is made to disclosure contained in Item 7A of this Report.
Patents and Trademarks
Quaker has a limited number of patents and patent applications, including
patents issued, applied for, or acquired in the United States and in various
foreign countries, some of which may prove to be material to its business.
Principal reliance is placed upon Quaker's proprietary formulae and the
application of its skills and experience to meet customer needs. Quaker's
products are identified by trademarks whichthat are registered throughout its
marketing area. Quaker makes little use of advertising but relies heavily upon
its reputation in the markets which it serves.
Research and Development--Laboratories
Quaker's research and development laboratories are directed primarily toward
applied research and development since the nature of Quaker's business requires
continuing modification and improvement of formulations to provide chemical
specialties to satisfy customer requirements. Research and development costs
are expensed as incurred. Company-sponsored researchResearch and development expenses during 2001, 2000,
and 1999 and 1998 were $8.5$8.9 million, $8.5 million, and $9.6$8.5 million, respectively.
Quaker maintains quality control laboratory facilities in each of its
manufacturing locations. In addition, Quaker maintains in Conshohocken,
Pennsylvania, and Uithoorn, The Netherlands, laboratory facilities whichthat are
devoted primarily to applied research and development.
Most of Quaker's subsidiaries and associated companies also have laboratory
facilities. Although not as complete as the Conshohocken or Uithoorn
laboratories, these facilities are generally sufficient for the
2
requirements of the customers being served. If problems are encountered which
cannot be resolved by local laboratories, such problems may be referred to the
laboratory staff in Conshohocken or Uithoorn.
Regulatory Matters
In order to facilitate compliance with applicable federal,Federal, state, and local
statutes and regulations relating to occupational health and safety and
protection of the environment, the Company has an ongoing program of site
assessment for the purpose of identifying capital expenditures or other actions
that may be necessary to comply 2
with such requirements. The program includes
periodic inspections of each facility by Quaker and/or independent
environmental experts, as well as ongoing inspections by on-site personnel.
Such inspections are addressed to operational matters, record keeping,
reporting requirements, and capital improvements. In 2000,2001, capital expenditures
directed solely or primarily to regulatory compliance amounted to approximately
$2.8$1.3 million compared to $2.8 million and $1.7 million in 2000 and $1.11999,
respectively. In 2002, the Company expects to incur approximately $1.0 million
in 1999 and 1998, respectively.for capital expenditures directed primarily to regulatory compliance.
Number of Employees
On December 31, 2000,2001, Quaker's consolidated companies had 943955 full-time
employees of whom 379376 were employed by the parent company and its U.S.
subsidiaries and 564579 were employed by its non-U.S. subsidiaries. Associated
companies of Quaker (in which it owns 50% or less) employed 205156 people on
December 31, 2000.2001.
Product Classification
The Company's reportable segments are as follows:
(1) Metalworking process chemicals--products used as lubricants for
various heavy industrial and manufacturing applications.
(2) Coatings--temporary and permanent coatings for metal products and
chemical milling maskants.
(3) Other chemical products--primarily chemicals used in the
manufacturing of paper in 2000 and 1999 as well as other various chemical
products.
Non-U.S. Activities
Since significant revenues and earnings are generated by non-U.S.
operations, Quaker's financial results are affected by currency fluctuations,
particularly between the U.S. dollar, the E.U. euro, the Brazilian real, and
other foreign currencies, and the impact of those currency fluctuations on the
underlying economies. Reference is made to disclosure contained in Item 7A of
this Report. Reference is made to disclosure contained in Note 11 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Report.
Item 2. Properties.
Quaker's corporate headquarters and a laboratory facility are located in
Conshohocken, Pennsylvania. Quaker's other principal facilities are located in
Detroit, Michigan; Woodchester, England; Uithoorn, The Netherlands;
Villeneuve, France; Santa Perpetua de Mogoda, Spain;
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and Wuxi, China. With the exception of the Conshohocken
site, which is owned by a real estate joint venture of which Quaker is a 50%
partner (the "Real
Estate Venture""Venture"), all of these principal facilities are owned by Quaker. OnQuaker
and as of December 31, 2000, all of the aforementioned principal facilities, including
the Conshohocken site,2001 were mortgage free. Quaker also leases small sales,
laboratory, and warehouse facilities in other locations.
Financing for the
laboratory facility in Conshohocken, was arranged through the use of
industrial revenue and development bonds with an outstanding balance at
December 31, 2000 of $5.0 million. In January 2001, Quakerthe Company contributed the
entireits Conshohocken, sitePennsylvania
property and buildings (the "Site") to the Real EstateVenture in exchange for a 50%
ownership in the Venture. The Real Estate Venture was organized to renovatedid not assume any debt or other
obligations of the Company. The Venture is renovating certain of the existing
buildings at the siteSite, as well
3
as to buildbuilding new office space a portion(the "Project"). In December 2000, the Company
entered into an agreement with the Venture to lease approximately 40% of which will be leased to Quaker
(newthe
Site's available office space and renovated laboratory facilities),for a 15-year period commencing February 2002,
with multiple renewal options. The Company believes the balance to be
leasedterms of this lease are
no worse than the terms it would have obtained from an unaffiliated third
party. As of February 28, 2002, approximately half of the Site's remaining
office space was under lease to unaffiliated third parties.
RenovationThe Venture is being funded byfunding the Project with a $21.0 million construction loan
from The Bank of New York, of which approximately $11.8 million was outstanding
as of December 31, 2001. The loan is secured in part by a mortgage on the ConshohockenSite
and guarantees of completion and payment of interest and operating expenses
executed by certain Venture partners other than the Company.
Quaker's Woodchester, England and Villeneuve, France sites are currently for
sale. As of December 31, 2001, Quaker closed its Woodchester, England facility
and transferred production to its facilities in Uithoorn, The Netherlands and
Santa Perpetua de Mogoda, Spain. The administrative, warehousing, and
laboratory activities previously conducted at the Woodchester site which loan had an outstanding balance onwere
transferred to a sales distribution office located in Stonehouse, England. In
addition, Quaker is ceasing manufacturing operations at its facility in
Villeneuve, France, effective March 16, 200131, 2002. Production will be consolidated
into its facilities in Uithoorn, The Netherlands and Santa Perpetua de Mogoda,
Spain. Sales, warehousing, and laboratory activities will continue pending the
sale of approximately $2.7
million.the Villeneuve site.
Quaker's aforementioned principal facilities (excluding Conshohocken)
consist of various manufacturing, administrative, warehouse, and laboratory
buildings. Manufacturing and warehouse facilities located in Conshohocken,
Pennsylvania, were closed in 1996 leaving just the administrative and laboratory
buildings. Substantially all of the buildings are of fire-resistant
construction and are equipped with sprinkler systems. All facilities are
primarily of masonry and/or steel construction and are adequate and suitable
for Quaker's present operations. The Company has a program to identify needed
capital improvements which is implemented as management considers necessary or
desirable. Most locations have various numbers of raw material storage
3
tanks
ranging from 7 to 66 each with a capacity ranging from 1,000 to 82,000 gallons
and processing or manufacturing vessels ranging in capacity from 15 to 16,000
gallons.
Each of Quaker's 50% or less owned non-U.S. associated companies owns or
leases a plant and/or sales facilities in various locations.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
The Company is a party to proceedings, cases, and requests for information
from, and negotiations with, various claimants and federalFederal and state agencies
relating to various matters including environmental matters. Incorporated
herein by this reference is the information concerning pending asbestos-related
cases against a non-consolidated, non-operating subsidiary and amounts accrued
associated with certain environmental investigatory and noncapital remediation
costs in Note 13 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements which appears in
Item 8 of this Report.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the last
quarter of the period covered by this Report.
4
Item 4(a). Executive Officers of the Registrant.
Set forth below are the executive officers of the Company, eachCompany. Each of the
executive officers, other than Mark Featherstone, was elected forto a one-year term:one year
term. Mr. Featherstone assumed his officer position when he joined the Company.
Name, Age, and Present Business Experience During Past Five
Position Withwith the Company Years and Period Served as an Officer
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Ronald J. Naples, 55....................56....................... Mr. Naples was elected Chairman of Chairman of the Board and the Board in May 1997 and
Chief
Chief Executive Officer,Chairman of the Board and DirectorChief Executive Officer in October 1995. He also served as
Chief Executive Officer, and Director President of the Company from October 1995 until March 1998. Mr.
Naples was electedhas been a Director of the Company insince 1988.
Joseph W. Bauer, 58.....................59........................ Mr. Bauer was elected President and Chief Operating Officer of the
President and Chief Operating Officer Chief Operating Officer of the Company in March 1998. Previously, Mr. Bauer was employed by
M. A. Hanna and was President of M. A. Hanna Color Division from
1996 to 1998.
Michael F. Barry, 42....................43....................... Mr. Barry was elected Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
and Treasurer of the Company in November 1998. Previously, Mr. Barry
and Treasurer was employed by Lyondell (formerly ARCO Chemical) where he
held the position of Business Director for its Urethanes business
throughout the Americas from 1997 to 1998 and where he also held
a variety of financial and business positions from 1988 to 1997.
D. Jeffry Benoliel, 42..................43..................... Mr. Benoliel was elected Vice Vice President, Secretary President and General Counsel in
and General CounselVice President, Secretary January 2001. He was elected an officer of the Company in May
and General Counsel 1998, at which time he assumed the office of Corporate Secretary in
addition to being Director, Corporate Legal Affairs, a position he
has held since May 1996. From 1995 to 1996, he was
Manager, Corporate Legal Affairs. Mr. Benoliel is the son of Peter A. Benoliel, a
Director of the Company.
Jose Luiz Bregolato, 55 ................56.................... Mr. Bregolato was elected to his current position in 1993.
Vice President and Managing
Director-- current position in 1993.
SouthDirector--South America
4
Name, Age, and Present Business Experience During Past Five
Position With the Company Years and Period Served as an Officer
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Ian F. Clark, 56.....................57........................... Mr. Clark was elected an officer of the Company in March 1999. He
Vice President and Global Industry Company in March 1999. He assumed his
Leader--Metalworking current position in January 2001. and Chemical Management Services Previously, he was
Leader--Metalworking/ Vice President and Global Industry Leader--Steel/Fluid Power from
Chemical Management Services March 1999 to December 2000. Prior to joining the Company, he
was employed by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation where he
was President-Sales and Marketing, U.S. Pigments Division from
1990 to 1998 and, in addition, was General Manager for one of its
global pigment segments from 1996 to 1998.
James A. Geier, 45...................46......................... Mr. Geier was elected to his current Vice President--Human Resources position in November 1997.
Vice President--Human Resources Previously, Mr. Geier held a variety of human resources positions at
Rhone-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for a period of more
than five years.
Mark Harris, 46......................47............................ Mr. Harris was elected to his current position in January 2001. From
Vice President and Global Industry position in January 2001. From 1996
Leader--Steel/Fluid Power until he assumed his current position, Mr. Harris was Regional
Leader--Steel/Fluid Power Industry Manager for the Company's Steel/Fluid Power business in
Europe, the Middle East, and Africa.
Daniel S. Ma, 60.....................61........................... Mr. Ma was elected to his current position in 1993.
Vice President and Managing
position in 1993.
Director-- Asia/Pacific
Marcus C. J. Meijer, 53.............. Mr. Meijer was electedDirector--Asia/Pacific
5
Name, Age, and Present Business Experience During Past Five
Position With the Company Years and Period Served as an officer of the
Senior Vice President Company in 1990. From July 1999 to
December 2000, he was the Company's
Senior Vice President and Global
Industry Leader--Metalworking/CMS, and
from 1990 to July 1999 he was Vice
President--Europe.Officer
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Wilbert Platzer, 39..................40..................... Mr. Platzer was elected to his current Vice President--Worldwide Operations position in January 2001. From
Vice President--Worldwide March 1996 to June 1999, he was Managing Director of Quaker
Operations Chemical B.V., the Company's Dutch affiliate, and, from July 1999
until he assumed his current position, he was Director of
Operations--
Europe.Operations--Europe.
Irving H. Tyler, 42 .................43..................... Mr. Tyler was elected Vice President--President--Information Services and
Vice President--Information Services Information Services and Chief
and Chief Information Officer Information Officer of the Company in January 2001.
and Chief Information Officer Previously, he was the Company's Director of Information Services
and Chief Information Officer from July 1999 to January 2001;
European Controller from August 1997 to July 1999; Director of
Operations and Information Services from January 1997 to August
1997; Director of Finance, North American Operations from January
1995 throughto January 1997.
Mark A. Featherstone, 40................ Mr. Featherstone joined the Company in May 2001 as Global
Global Controller Controller. Previously, he was Senior Vice President-Finance and
Controller at Internet Partnership Group from April 2000 to March
2001, and Director of Financial Policies and Projects at Coty Inc.
from May 1996 to March 2000.
56
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.
The Company's common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE")
under the trading symbol KWR. The following table sets forth, for the calendar
quarters during the past two years, the range of high and low sales prices for
the common stock as reported by the NYSE (amounts rounded to the nearest
penny), and the quarterly dividends declared as indicated:
Range of Quotations
----------------------------------------------------------- Dividends
2001 2000 1999 Declared
------------- ------------- ------------------------
High Low High Low 2001 2000
1999
---- ---- ---- ---- -------- ---------- ------ ------ ------ ----- -----
First quarter .............$17 $13 3/8 $18 $13 1/2 $.19 1/2 $.19quarter................ $19.00 $16.12 $17.00 $13.38 $.205 $.195
Second quarter............. 17 7/16 15 1/16 18 3/8 13 11/16 .19 1/2 .19quarter............... 20.99 17.17 17.44 15.06 .205 .195
Third quarter.............. 17 3/8 15 13/16 17 5/16 15 13/16 .20 1/2 .19 1/2quarter................ 21.75 16.96 17.38 15.81 .205 .205
Fourth quarter............. 19 1/4 15 7/8 17 1/16 13 7/8 .20 1/2 .19 1/2quarter............... 22.30 18.00 19.25 15.88 .205 .205
As of January 17, 200118, 2002 there were 868810 shareholders of record of the
Company's common stock, its only outstanding class of equity securities.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
The following table sets forth selected financial information for the
Company:
2000(/1/) 1999(/2/) 1998(/3/) 1997(/4/) 1996(/5/)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------2001/(1)/ 2000/(2)/ 1999/(3)/ 1998/(4)/ 1997/(5)/
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
Summary of Operations:
Net sales.................... $251,074 $267,570 $265,671 $264,453 $248,220
$247,100
Income (loss) before taxes...taxes.......... 14,430 26,486 27,151 16,797 19,735
(3,997)
Net income (loss)............income................... 7,665 17,163 15,651 10,650 12,611
(7,599)
Per share:...................
Net income (loss)-basic.... 1.94 1.76 1.21 1.45 (.88)basic....... $.85 $1.94 $1.76 $1.21 $1.45
Net income (loss)-diluted..diluted..... .84 1.93 1.74 1.20 1.45
(.88)
Dividends..................Dividends.............. .82 .80 .77 .74 .71
.69
Financial Position:
Working capital..............capital............ $ 47,424 $ 52,981 $ 51,584 $ 45,636 $ 48,098
22,518
Total assets................. 188,161assets............... 178,823 188,239 182,213 191,403 172,463
165,608
Long-term debt...............debt............. 19,380 22,295 25,122 25,344 25,203
5,182
Shareholders' equity.........equity....... 80,899 84,907 81,199 83,735 74,976 73,566
- --------
(1) The results of operations for 2001 include restructuring charges of $4,039
after-tax; an additional provision for doubtful accounts related to the
poor financial condition of certain customers of $1,380 after-tax; an
environmental charge of $345 after-tax; and nonrecurring organizational
structure charges of $184 after-tax. Excluding these items, net income for
2001 was $13,613.
(2) The results of operations for 2000 include an additional provision for
doubtful accounts related to the poor financial condition of certain
customers of $1,154 after-tax; a net gain on exit of businesses of $1,016
after-taxafter-tax; and a litigationan environmental charge of $1,035 after-tax. Excluding these
items, net income for 2000 was $17,182.
(2)$18,336.
(3) The results of operations for 1999 include a net repositioningrestructuring credit of
$188 after-tax. Excluding this credit, net income for 1999 was $15,462.
(3)(4) The results of operations for 1998 include net repositioningrestructuring and
integration charges of $2,882 after-tax and minority interest. Excluding
these charges, net income for 1998 was $13,532.
(4)(5) The results of operations for 1997 include a gain on the sale of the
European pulp and paper business, $1,703 after-tax and a litigation charge
of $2,000, $1,320 after-tax. Excluding these items, net income was $12,228.
(5) The results of operations for 1996 include special charges, $16,912 after-
tax. Excluding these charges, net income for 1996 was $9,313.
67
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Quaker's discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of
operations are based upon Quaker's consolidated financial statements, which
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires
Quaker to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of
assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, Quaker evaluates its
estimates, including those related to customer sales incentives, product
returns, bad debts, inventories, property, plant, and equipment, investments,
intangible assets, income taxes, financing operations, restructuring, accrued
incentive compensation plans, pensions and other postretirement benefits, and
contingencies and litigation. Quaker bases its estimates on historical
experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable
under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making
judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not
readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these
estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Quaker believes the following critical accounting policies affect its more
significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its consolidated
financial statements:
1. Accounts receivable and inventory reserves and exposures--Quaker
establishes allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting
from the inability of its customers to make required payments. If the
financial condition of Quaker's customers were to deteriorate, resulting in
an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may
be required. Downturns in the overall economic climate may also tend to
exacerbate specific customer financial issues. A significant portion of
Quaker's revenues is derived from sales to customers in the U.S. steel
industry, where a number of bankruptcies occurred during recent years. In
2000 and 2001, Quaker recorded additional provisions for doubtful accounts
primarily related to bankruptcies in the U.S. steel industry, including the
December 2001 decision by LTV Corporation, a major customer, to cease
operations. When a bankruptcy occurs, Quaker must judge the amount of
proceeds, if any, that may ultimately be received through the bankruptcy or
liquidation process. As part of its terms of trade, Quaker may custom
manufacture products for certain large customers and/or may ship product on
a consignment basis. These practices may increase the Company's exposure
should a bankruptcy occur, and may require writedown or disposal of certain
inventory due to its estimated obsolescence or limited marketability.
Customer returns of products or disputes may also result in similar issues
related to the realizability of recorded accounts receivable or returned
inventory.
2. Environmental and litigation reserves--Accruals for environmental
matters are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred
and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. Accrued
liabilities are exclusive of claims against third parties and are not
discounted. Environmental costs and remediation costs are capitalized if the
costs extend the life, increase the capacity or improve the safety or
efficiency of the property from the date acquired or constructed, and/or
mitigate or prevent contamination in the future. Estimates for accruals for
environmental matters are based on a variety of potential technical
solutions, governmental regulations and other factors, and are subject to a
large range of potential costs for remediation and other actions. A
considerable amount of judgment is required in determining the most likely
estimate within the range, and the factors determining this judgment may
vary over time. Similarly, reserves for litigation and similar matters are
based on a range of potential outcomes and require considerable judgment in
determining the most probable outcome. If no amount within the range is
considered more probable than any other amount, the Company accrues the
lowest amount in the range in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles.
3. Realizability of equity investments--Quaker holds equity investments
in various domestic and foreign companies, whereby it has the ability to
influence, but not control, the operations of the entity and its future
results. Quaker records an investment impairment charge when it believes an
investment has
8
experienced a decline in value that is other than temporary. Future adverse
changes in market conditions, poor operating results of underlying
investments, or devaluation of foreign currencies could result in losses or
an inability to recover the carrying value of the investments that may not
be reflected in an investment's current carrying value. These factors may
result in an impairment charge in the future.
4. Tax exposures and valuation allowances--Quaker records expenses and
liabilities for taxes based on estimates of amounts that will be ultimately
determined to be deductible in tax returns filed in various jurisdictions.
The filed tax returns are subject to audit, often several years subsequent
to the date of the financial statements. Disputes or disagreements may arise
during audits over the timing or validity of certain items or deductions,
which may not be resolved for extended periods of time. Quaker establishes
reserves for potential tax audit and other exposures as transactions occur
and reviews these reserves on a regular basis; however, actual exposures and
audit adjustments may vary from these estimates. Quaker also records a
valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount that is
more likely than not to be realized. While Quaker has considered future
taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in
assessing the need for the valuation allowance, in the event Quaker were to
determine that it would be able to realize its deferred tax assets in the
future in excess of its net recorded amount, an adjustment to the deferred
tax asset would increase income in the period such determination was made.
Likewise, should Quaker determine that it would not be able to realize all
or part of its net deferred tax asset in the future, an adjustment to the
deferred tax asset would be charged to income in the period such
determination was made.
5. Restructuring reserves--Restructuring charges may consist of charges
for employee severance, rationalization of manufacturing facilities and
other items. Quaker records restructuring and other exit costs, including
involuntary termination of certain employees, in accordance with the
Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") Emerging Issues Task Force
Issue No. 94-3, "Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination
Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs
Incurred in a Restructuring)." Certain of these items, particularly those
involving impairment charges for assets to be sold or closed, require
significant estimates and assumptions in terms of estimated sale proceeds,
date of sale, transaction costs and other matters, and these estimates can
change based on market conditions and other factors.
6. Goodwill and other intangible assets--Intangible assets consist of
goodwill and other intangible assets arising from acquisitions which are
being amortized on a straight-line basis. The realizability and period of
benefit of goodwill is evaluated periodically to assess recoverability and,
if necessary, impairment or adjustment of the period benefited would be
recognized. Quaker is required to adopt Statement of Accounting Standards
("SFAS") No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, effective January 1,
2002. Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite
lives are no longer amortized but are reviewed at least annually for
impairment.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations," and
SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." SFAS No. 141 requires all
business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 to be accounted for using
the purchase method. In addition, companies are required to review goodwill and
intangible assets reported in connection with prior acquisitions, possibly
disaggregate and report separately previously identified intangible assets, and
possibly reclassify certain intangible assets into goodwill. SFAS No. 142
establishes new guidelines for accounting for goodwill and other intangible
assets. Goodwill associated with acquisitions consummated after June 30, 2001
is not amortized. The Company recognized no such goodwill. Additionally, upon
adoption, existing goodwill is no longer amortized, but instead will be
assessed for impairment on at least an annual basis. The Company implemented
the remaining provisions of SFAS No. 142 on January 1, 2002. The Company does
not expect to recognize an impairment charge in 2002 in accordance with SFAS
No. 142. The non-amortization provisions of SFAS No. 142 for goodwill and
intangibles is currently expected to result in an increase in operating income
ranging from approximately $0.5 million to $1.0 million in 2002.
9
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement
Obligations." SFAS No. 143 addresses accounting and reporting for obligations
associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the associated
retirement costs. This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after
June 15, 2002. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this new
standard.
In July 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, "Impairment or Disposal of
Long-Lived Assets." The provisions of this statement provide a single
accounting model for impairment of long-lived assets. This statement is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. The Company
adopted this standard on January 1, 2002. Management has assessed the impact of
the new standard and determined there to be no material impact to the financial
statements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Quaker's cash and cash equivalents increased to $20.5 million at December
31, 2001 from $16.6 million at December 31, 2000. The increase resulted
primarily from $22.6 million provided by operating activities, offset by $8.0
million and $9.6 million used in investing and financing activities,
respectively.
Net cash flow provided by operating activities amounted to $22.6 million in
2001 compared to $21.4 million in 2000 compared to $14.2 million in 1999.2000. The increase principallyprimarily resulted from increased net income, in addition to a decreasean
increase in the change in working capital accounts including accounts
receivable, inventory, and accounts payable and accrued liabilities in 2001
versus 2000, versus 1999 and repositioningoffset by a decrease in operating income, excluding special items,
as well as restructuring benefit payments of $2.1$1.1 million made in 1999.2001. See
"Operations--Comparison of 2001 with 2000" for discussion of operations and
special items.
Net cash used in investing activities decreasedincreased to $4.0$8.0 million in 20002001 from
$6.4$2.8 million in 1999.2000. The decreaseincrease is primarily related to the year 2000, which
includes $5.2 million of proceeds received from the sale of the U.S. pulp and
paper business, in addition to $1.0 million of proceeds related to the
disposition of assets, partially offset by a $3.5 million contingent purchase
payment related to the 1998 Brazilian acquisition. In addition, 2001 included
$1.4 million related to the Company's acquisition from its Canadian licensee,
H.L. Blachford, Ltd., of rights to market to, sell to, and service all Canadian
integrated steel makers and certain accounts in the Canadian metalworking
market. Cash used for capital expenditures was $1.9 million higher in 2001
compared to 2000.
Expenditures for property, plant, and equipment totalingwere $8.0 million in 2001
compared to $6.1 million in 2000 were consistent with 1999 levels and2000. Capital expenditures included upgrades of
manufacturing capabilities at various locations, with $2.8$1.3 million for
environmental and regulatory compliance in 20002001 versus $1.7$2.8 million in 1999.2000, in
addition to $3.6 million in 2001 for a global transaction system. Capital
expenditures for 20012002 are expected to be approximately $13.0$17.0 million and
include various upgrades to manufacturing capabilities in the U.S. and Europe,
and an estimated $2.0$1.0 million for environmental and regulatory compliance.
A significant amountApproximately $10.0 million of the 2001 increase is2002 capital expenditures are related to capital expenditures of approximately $3.0
million for athe
global transaction system implementation.implementation and leasehold improvements in the
Company's new office space (see below). The Company believes that available
cash, internally generated cash, and financing arrangements should be
sufficient to fund future capital expenditures.
In January 2001, the Company contributed the entireits Conshohocken, sitePennsylvania
property and buildings (the "Site"), to a real estate joint venture of which the Company is(the
"Venture") in exchange for a 50% partner.ownership in the Venture. The joint ventureVenture did not
assume any debt or other obligations of the Company. The Venture credited the
Company's capital account with the estimated fair value of the Site, which
amount was organized to
renovatein excess of the book value of the contribution. The Company
recorded its investment in the Venture at book value, which totaled $4.7
million.
The Venture is renovating certain of the existing buildings at the siteSite, as
well as to buildbuilding new office space a portion of which will be leased to(the "Project"). In December 2000, the
Company entered into an agreement with the balanceVenture to be leasedlease approximately 40%
of the Site's available office space for a 15-year period commencing February
2002 with multiple renewal options. The Company believes the terms of this
lease are no worse than the terms it would
10
have obtained from an unaffiliated third party. As of February 28, 2002,
approximately half of the Site's remaining office space was under lease to
unaffiliated third parties.
The Venture is funding the Project with a $21.0 million construction loan
from The Bank of New York (the "Venture Loan"), of which approximately $11.8
million was outstanding as of December 31, 2001. The Venture Loan is secured in
part by a mortgage on the Site and guarantees of completion and payment of
interest and operating expenses executed by certain Venture partners other than
the Company.
The Company believeshas not guaranteed, nor is it obligated to pay any principal,
interest or penalties on the Venture Loan, even in the event of default by the
Venture. At December 31, 2001, the Venture had property with a book value of
$19.0 million, total assets of $19.8 million, and total liabilities of $14.5
million. The Venture expects to complete the Project in mid-2002, and expects
to refinance the Venture Loan, which matures in July 2002 subject to extension
under certain conditions, on acceptable terms. The Company can offer no
assurances that funds generated internally shouldthe refinancing will be sufficientsuccessful. If cash flows permit, the
Company will be eligible to finance payments for capital
expenditures.receive priority distributions from the Venture.
Net cash flows used in financing activities were $8.8$9.6 million in 2000,2001
compared with $7.4$10.0 million used in financing activities in 1999.2000. The net change was primarily due to
approximately $2.0 million paid to purchase shares of stock under the Company's
stock repurchase program during 2000.2000, partially offset by increased dividends
in 2001. In addition, 2001 includes repayments of long-term debt of $2.9
million which was offset by $2.9 million of proceeds primarily related to
shares issued upon exercise of stock options.
As of December 31, 2001, the Company had available an $18.0 million
unsecured demand line of credit. The Company has available $18.0 million in a line of credit and believes that additional bank
borrowings could be negotiated at competitive rates, based on its
debt-to-equity ratio and current levels of operating performance. The Company
is in compliance with all covenants or other requirements set forth in its
credit agreements. The Company believes that, in 2001,2002, it is capable of
supporting its operating requirements, payment of dividends to shareholders,
possible acquisition opportunities, and possible resolution of contingencies
(see Note 13 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements) through internally
generated funds supplemented with debt as needed.
The following table summarizes the Company's contractual obligations at
December 31, 2001, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on its
liquidity and cash flow in future periods:
Payments due by period (Dollars in thousands)
---------------------------------------------------
2007 and
Contractual Obligations Total 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 beyond
----------------------- ------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ --------
Long-term debt.................... $22,238 $2,858 $2,857 $2,857 $2,857 $2,857 $ 7,952
Capital lease obligations......... -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Non-cancelable operating leases... 25,512 3,851 3,233 2,326 1,637 1,562 12,903
Unconditional purchase obligations -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Other long-term obligations....... -- -- -- -- -- -- --
------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ -------
Total contractual cash obligations $47,750 $6,709 $6,090 $5,183 $4,494 $4,419 $20,855
======= ====== ====== ====== ====== ====== =======
Operations
Comparison of 2001 with 2000
Consolidated net sales decreased from $267.6 million in 2000 to $251.1
million in 2001. The 6% decline was the net result of a 4% decrease in volume
and a 3% improvement in price/mix, offset by a 4% negative impact from foreign
currency translation. Also, the sale of the U.S. pulp and paper business in May
2000 unfavorably impacted the sales comparison by 1%. The shortfall for the
year was mainly attributable to
11
metalworking process chemicals sales declines in the U.S., Europe, and
Asia/Pacific regions, primarily due to weak demand from the steel industry, as
indicated by bankruptcy filings of two of the Company's major U.S. customers.
Brazil sales increased in this segment on a local currency basis, but declined
as well due to the weakening of the Brazilian real against the U.S. dollar.
These declines were partially offset by higher coatings segment revenues
despite weakening aircraft production in the fourth quarter of 2001. Sales from
the Company's new joint venture ("Q2 Technologies") also helped offset the
sales decline with its strong performance in sales of its sulfur removal
technology to industrial customers.
Operating income as reported was $14.2 million in 2001 compared to $25.1
million reported in 2000. Excluding special items, operating income decreased
to $22.8 million in 2001 from $26.8 million in 2000. The decline was primarily
due to a lower gross profit margin related to the overall sales decline in
2001. Gross profit as a percentage of sales also declined (40.2% for 2001
compared to 41.9% for 2000) primarily as a result of lower sales volumes and
higher raw material costs in addition to product mix changes. Excluding special
items, operating income as a percentage of sales was 9.1% in 2001 compared to
10.0% in the prior year.
Overall selling, general, and administrative costs as reported for 2001 were
$80.5 million compared to $86.9 million in 2000. Both 2001 and 2000 include
costs related to special items. Special items include an additional reserve for
doubtful accounts primarily related to U.S. steel customers that filed for
bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 and totaled $2.0 million and $1.7
million in 2001 and 2000, respectively, and $0.3 million related to
organizational structure costs in 2001. The restructuring and environmental
charges discussed below (see "Restructuring and Related Activities" and
"Environmental Clean-up Activities") are also considered special items.
Excluding special items and adjusting for the U.S. pulp and paper sale in 2000,
overall SG&A costs declined 6% compared to 2000. The decline in SG&A is
primarily due to continued cost containment efforts as well as foreign exchange
impacts.
Other income variance primarily reflects lower license fee revenue in 2001
in addition to gains on fixed asset disposals in 2000 versus losses in 2001.
Net interest expense was lower in 2001 reflecting increased interest income and
lower overall short-term borrowings in addition to lower interest rates in
2001. Equity income was lower in 2001 compared to 2000, reflecting lower income
from the Company's joint ventures in Mexico, Japan, and Venezuela, as well as
losses incurred by the Venture. Minority interest was higher in 2001, primarily
due to higher net income from joint ventures in Brazil and Q2 Technologies.
The Company's effective tax rate was 31% in both 2001 and 2000. The Company
has been assessed approximately $2.0 million of additional taxes based on an
audit of certain subsidiaries for prior years. The Company has initiated an
appeal process related to this assessment and currently believes its reserves
are adequate. The Company is currently reviewing the effective rate for 2002,
which is dependent on many internal and external factors, including but not
limited to the profitability of the Company's foreign operations and favorable
determination relative to the above-referenced audits, but expects the
effective tax rate to be 32%.
Comparison of 2000 with 1999
As discussed in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements,
reclassifications which had no effect on net income have been made to
previously reported sales and cost of sales data for all periods presented to
include freight costs incurred and billed to customers in accordance with
Emerging Issues Task Force No. 00-10, "Accounting for Shipping and Handling
Fees and Costs."
Consolidated net sales for 2000 increased $1.9 million over 1999. The sales
growth was the net result of a 5% increase in volume and a 3% improvement in
price/mix, offset by a 5% negative impact from foreign currency translation.
Also, the sale of the U.S. pulp and paper business in May 2000 unfavorably
impacted the sales comparison by 2%. The improvement for the year was mainly
attributable to metalworking process chemicals sales growth in Brazil and the
Asia/Pacific region, primarily due to strong demand from the steel industry,
offset by reductions in the European region due to foreign currency translation
and lower coatings segment revenues. Coatings segment revenues declined as a
result of lower aircraft production.
7
Operating income as reported was $25.1 million in 2000 compared to $27.3
million reported in 1999. Operating income decreased to $25.1 million in 2000
from $27.0 million (excluding the impacts of the repositioningrestructuring and integration
credit adjustments) in 1999. The decline was primarily due to a lower gross
profit
12
margin as a percentage of sales (41.9% for 2000 compared to 43.5% for 1999).
This decrease is mainly a result of higher raw material costs.
Selling, general, and administrative costs in 2000 decreased approximately
$1.8 million or 2% from 1999, reflecting the Company's continued cost
containment programs and a positive foreign exchange impact. This decrease was
offset by a $1.7 million additional reserve for doubtful accounts related to
two U.S. steel customers whichthat filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11.
Minority interest was significantly higher in 2000, primarily due to higher
net income from joint ventures in Brazil and China. Net interest expense was
lower in 2000 reflecting increased interest income and lower overall short-term
borrowings. Other income variance reflects lower license revenue and gains on
fixed asset disposals.
The Company's effective tax rate in 2000 was 31% compared with 40% in 1999.
The decrease in effective tax rate is primarily due to the implementation of
several global tax planning initiatives, the most significant of which is
related to the Company's net operating loss carryforward position in Brazil.
The impact of the tax planning initiatives in Brazil is being magnified as
these operations become more profitable.
The Company is currently reviewing the
effective rate for 2001, which is dependent on many internal and external
factors, including but not limited to the profitability of the Company's
foreign operations.
During 2000, the Company performed a comprehensive review of the strategic
position of certain individual business units and related assets and decided to
exit certain businesses. Accordingly, the Company recorded valuation reserves
for certain assets of $0.9 million and a pre-tax gain on the sale of its U.S.
pulp and paper business of $2.4 million.
ComparisonRestructuring and Related Activities
In the third and fourth quarters of 1999 with 1998
Consolidated net sales for 1999 increased $1.2 million over 1998 results,
primarily due2001, Quaker's management approved
restructuring plans to increased metalworking process chemicals revenues in Brazilrealign its organization and Asia/Pacific, offset by reductionsreduce operating costs.
Quaker's restructuring plans include the closure and sale of its manufacturing
facilities in the European region dueU.K. and France. In addition, Quaker consolidated certain
functions within its global business units and reduced administrative
functions, as well as expensed costs related to foreign
currency translation and lower coatings segment revenues. Declinesabandoned acquisitions.
Included in the coatings segmentthird and fourth quarter restructuring charges are provisions
for severance for 16 and 37 employees, respectively.
Restructuring and related charges of $2.958 million and $2.896 million were
expensed during the third and fourth quarters of 2001, respectively. The third
quarter charge comprised $0.520 million related to lower aircraft production.
Operating income increasedemployee separations, $2.038
million related to $27.0facility rationalization charges, and $0.400 million from $22.5related
to abandoned acquisitions. The fourth quarter charge comprised $2.124 million
(excluding
impactsrelated to employee separations, $0.575 million related to facility
rationalization charges, and $0.197 million related to abandoned acquisitions.
Employee separation benefits under each plan varied depending on local
regulations within certain foreign countries and included severance and other
benefits. As of December 31, 2001, Quaker had completed 25 of the repositioningplanned 53
employee separations under the 2001 plans. Quaker expects to substantially
complete the initiatives contemplated under the restructuring plans by
September 30, 2002. Upon conclusion of its restructuring and integration charge adjustments). The
improvement wasother cost savings
initiatives, Quaker expects to achieve annualized savings of approximately $4.0
million in cost of sales and operating expenses. These estimated cost savings
were calculated based upon expected cost reductions primarily duerelated to
employee separations as well as lower raw material costs, lower global
manufacturingoperating and depreciation expense
resulting from factory rationalizations. However, Quaker cannot give any
assurance whether the entire estimated cost savings will be realized.
13
Components of accrued restructuring costs and a more favorable sales mix due to increased salesamounts charged against the
2001 plans as of advantaged products.December 31, 2001 were as follows:
2001
(Dollars in thousands)
- --------------------------------------- ------------------------ -------- ----------- -----------------
Currency
Restructuring Asset Translation December 31, 2001
Charges Impairment Payments and Other Ending Balance
------------- ---------- -------- ----------- -----------------
Employee Separations................... $2,644 $ -- $(111) $ 1 $2,534
Facility Rationalization............... 2,613 (1,015) (171) 12 1,439
Abandoned Acquisitions................. 597 -- (597) -- --
------ ------- ----- --- ------
Total............................... $5,854 $(1,015) $(879) $13 $3,973
====== ======= ===== === ======
In the fourth quarter of 1998, the Company initiatedannounced and implemented a
repositioningrestructuring and integration plan to better align its organizational structure
with market demands, to improve operational performance, and to reduce costs. InThe
components of the fourth quarter1998 pre-tax restructuring and integration charge included
severance and other benefit costs of 1998,
the Company took a pre-tax charge$4.0 million and early pension and
postemployment benefits of $5.3 million in connection with this
program.$1.3 million. At the end of 1999, the Company had
substantially implemented these initiatives and reversed approximately $314,000
of the original charge. This is
reported as a separate line itemThe remaining restructuring and integration liability
at December 31, 2000 of $244,000 was paid in the Consolidated Statement of OperationsJanuary 2001 (see Note 2 of Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements). Selling, general,The liabilities for early pension and
administrative costs in 1999 were flat compared with
1998, reflecting realized cost savings from the repositioning and integration
program, offset primarily by increased costs in Brazil related to a midyear
1998 acquisition, as well as other business initiatives and projects such as
Year 2000 projects.
8
The increase in other income of $0.7 million represents increased license
revenue and lower foreign exchange losses in Europe in 1999 versus the prior
year. Increased interest expense of $0.3 million over the prior year was
related to higher short-term borrowingspostemployment benefits are included in the early partCompany's pension and
postretirement benefits obligations (see Note 7 of 1999. Minority
interest was $1.2 million higher in 1999 compared with the prior year dueNotes to higher net income earned in the Brazilian joint venture.
The Company's effective tax rate of 40% is consistent with prior years.
GeneralConsolidated
Financial Statements).
Environmental Clean-up Activities
The Company is involved in environmental clean-up activities and litigation
in connection with an existing plant location and former waste-disposalwaste disposal sites
(see Note 13 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). During the second
quarter of 2000, it was discovered during an internal environmental audit that
AC Products, Inc. (ACP), a wholly owned subsidiary, had failed to properly
report its air emissions. In response, an internal investigation of all
environmental, health, and safety matters at ACP was conducted. ACP voluntarily
disclosed these matters to regulators and took steps to correct all
environmental, health, and safety issues discovered. In addition, ACP is
involved in certain soil and groundwater remediation activities identified in
prior years. In connection with these activities, the Company recorded pre-tax
charges totaling $0.5 million and $1.5 million in 2001 and 2000, respectively.
The Company believes that the potential uninsured knownpotential-known liabilities associated with these
matters approximate $1.5range from approximately $1.4 million to $2.3 million, for which the
Company has sufficient reserves. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company
cannot be certain that liabilities in the form of remediation expenses, fines,
penalties, and damages will not be incurred in excess of the amount reserved.
General
The Company does not currently use financial instruments that expose it to
significant risk involving foreign currency transactions; however, the size of
non-U.S. activities has a significant impact on reported operating results and
the attendant net assets. During the past three years, sales by non-U.S.
subsidiaries accounted for approximately 53%54% to 56% of the consolidated net
annual sales (see Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
Repositioning and Integration Charges
In the fourth quarter of 1998, the Company announced and implemented a
repositioning and integration plan to better align its organizational structure
with market demands, improve operational performance, and reduce costs. The
Company recorded a pre-tax charge of $5.3 million ($2.9 million after-tax and
minority interest, or $0.33 per share) in connection therewith. The
repositioning and integration charge included workforce reductions
(approximately 70 employees) in the Company's U.S., South American and European
operations and integration costs associated with the closure of a leased
facility as a result of the Company's 1998 acquisition in Brazil (see Note 2 of
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
The components of the 1998 pre-tax repositioning and integration charge
included severance and other benefit costs of $4.0 million and early pension
and postemployment benefits of $1.3 million. At the end of 1999, the Company
had substantially implemented these initiatives and reversed approximately
$314,000 of the original charge. The remaining repositioning and integration
liability at December 31, 2000 of $244,000 was paid in January 2001 (see Note 2
of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). The liabilities for early
pension and postemployment benefits are included in the Company's pension and
postretirement benefits obligations (see Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
Euro
On January 1, 1999, 11 of the 15 member countries of the European Union
established fixed conversion rates between their existing currencies ("legacy
currencies") and one common currency--the euro. The euro trades on currency
exchanges and is used in business transactions. Beginning in January 2002, new
euro-denominated bills and coins will bewere issued, and legacy currencies will bewere
withdrawn from circulation. The
14
Company's operating subsidiaries affected by the euro conversion have
established plans to address the systems and business issues raised by the euro
currency conversion. The Company anticipates that the
euro conversion willdid not have a material adverse impact
on itsthe Company's financial condition or results of operations.
9
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
In June 1998 and June 2000, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued
SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities"
and SFAS No. 138, "Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain
Hedging Activities." These statements establish accounting and reporting
standards requiring that every derivative instrument be recorded on the balance
sheet as either an asset or a liability measured at fair value. SFAS Nos. 133
and 138 also require that changes in the derivative's fair value be recognized
currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. SFAS
No. 133, as amended by SFAS No. 138, is effective for fiscal years beginning
after June 15, 2000. Quaker is not currently a party to any derivative
financial instruments. Therefore, adoption of these new standards will not have
a material impact on the Company's operating results or financial position.
Forward-Looking and Cautionary Statements
Except for historical information and discussions, statements contained in
this Annual Report may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning
of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements
involve a number of risks, uncertainties, and other factors that could cause
actual results to differ materially from those projected in such statements.
Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, significant
increases in raw material costs, worldwide economic and political conditions,
and foreign currency fluctuations that may affect worldwide results of
operations. Furthermore, the Company is subject to the same business cycles as
those experienced by steel, automobile, aircraft, appliance, or durable goods
manufacturers.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Quaker is exposed to the impact of interest rates, foreign currency
fluctuations, and changes in commodity prices.prices, and credit risk.
Interest Rate Risk. Quaker's exposure to market rate risk for changes in
interest rates relates primarily to its short and long-term debt. Most of
Quaker's long-term debt has a fixed interest rate, while its short-term debt is
negotiated at market rates which can be either fixed or variable. Accordingly,
if interest rates rise significantly, the cost of short-term debt to Quaker
will increase. This can have a material adverse effect on Quaker depending on
the extent of Quaker's short-term borrowings. As of December 31, 2000,2001, Quaker
had $27,000$1,000 in short-term borrowings.
Foreign Exchange Risk. A significant portion of Quaker's revenues and
earnings is generated by its foreign operations. All such operations use the
local currency as their functional currency. Accordingly, Quaker's financial
results are affected by risks typical of international business such as
currency fluctuations, particularly between the U.S. dollar, the Brazilian real
and the E.U. euro. As exchange rates vary, Quaker's results can be materially
adversely affected.
In the past, Quaker has used, on a limited basis, forward exchange contracts
to hedge foreign currency transactions and foreign exchange options to reduce
exposure to changes in foreign exchange rates. The amount of any gain or loss
on these derivative financial instruments was immaterial, and there are no
contracts or options outstanding at December 31, 2000.2001.
Commodity Price Risk. Many of the raw materials used by Quaker are
commodity chemicals, and, therefore, QuakerQuaker's earnings can be materially
adversely affected by market changes in raw material prices. In certain cases,
Quaker has entered into fixed-price purchase contracts having a term of up to
one year. These contracts provide for protection to Quaker if the price for the
contracted raw materials rises, however, in certain limited circumstances,
Quaker will not realize the benefit if such prices decline. Quaker has not
been, nor is it currently a party to, any derivative financial instrument
relative to commodities.
10Credit Risk. Quaker establishes allowances for doubtful accounts for
estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required
payments. If the financial condition of Quaker's customers were to deteriorate,
resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional
allowances may be required. Downturns in the overall economic climate may also
tend to exacerbate specific customer financial issues. A significant portion of
Quaker's revenues is derived from sales to customers in the U.S. steel
industry, where a number of bankruptcies occurred during recent years. In 2000
and 2001, Quaker recorded additional provisions
15
for doubtful accounts primarily related to bankruptcies in the U.S. steel
industry. When a bankruptcy occurs, Quaker must judge the amount of proceeds,
if any, that may ultimately be received through the bankruptcy or liquidation
process. As part of its terms of trade, Quaker may custom manufacture products
for certain large customers and/or may ship product on a consignment basis.
These practices may increase the Company's exposure should a bankruptcy occur,
and may require writedown or disposal of certain inventory due to its estimated
obsolescence or limited marketability. Customer returns of products or disputes
may also result in similar issues related to the realizability of recorded
accounts receivable or returned inventory.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
----
Financial Statements:
Report of Independent Accountants........................................ 12Accountants................................. 17
Consolidated Statement of Operations..................................... 13Operations.............................. 18
Consolidated Balance Sheet............................................... 14Sheet........................................ 19
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows..................................... 15Flows.............................. 20
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity........................... 16Equity.................... 21
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................... 17Statements........................ 22
1116
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
of Quaker Chemical Corporation
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheetfinancial statements listed in the index
appearing under Item 8 on page 16 and listed in the related
consolidated statements of operations, of cash flows and of shareholders'
equityindex appearing under Item
14(a)(1) on page 39, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of Quaker Chemical Corporation and its subsidiaries at December 31,
20002001 and 1999,2000, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2000,2001, in conformity
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the
index appearing under Item 14(a)(2) on page 39 presents fairly, in all material
respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the
related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and
financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's
management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted
our audits of these statements in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America, which require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania
March 9, 2001
1213, 2002
17
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998
-------- -------- --------
(Dollars in thousands except
per share amounts)
Net sales........................................sales.................................................. $251,074 $267,570 $265,671 $264,453
-------- -------- --------
Costs and expenses:
Cost of goods sold..............................sold...................................... 150,045 155,530 150,028 153,760
Selling, general, and administrative expenses...expenses........... 80,484 86,865 88,676 88,162
Net gain on exit of businesses...................businesses............................. -- (1,473) --
--
Litigation charge................................Environmental charge....................................... 500 1,500 --
--
Repositioning and integrationRestructuring charges (credit) charges................................ 5,854 -- (314) 5,261
-------- -------- --------
236,883 242,422 238,390 247,183
-------- -------- --------
Operating income.................................income........................................... 14,191 25,148 27,281
17,270
Other income, net................................net.......................................... 1,089 2,434 1,862
1,116
Interest expense.................................expense........................................... (1,880) (2,030) (2,486)
(2,151)
Interest income..................................income............................................ 1,030 934 494 562
-------- -------- --------
Income before taxes..............................taxes........................................ 14,430 26,486 27,151
16,797
Taxes on income..................................income............................................ 4,473 8,211 10,860 6,719
-------- -------- --------
9,957 18,275 16,291 10,078
Equity in net income of associated companies.....companies............... 613 1,424 957 961
Minority interest in net income of subsidiaries..subsidiaries............ (2,905) (2,536) (1,597) (389)
-------- -------- --------
Net income.......................................income................................................. $ 7,665 $ 17,163 $ 15,651 $ 10,650
======== ======== ========
Per share data:
Net income--basic............................... $1.94 $1.76 $1.21income--basic....................................... $ .85 $ 1.94 $ 1.76
Net income--diluted............................. $1.93 $1.74 $1.20
Dividends.......................................income--diluted..................................... $ .84 $ 1.93 $ 1.74
Dividends............................................... $ .82 $ .80 $ .77
$ .74Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic................................................... 9,054 8,831 8,914
Diluted................................................. 9,114 8,896 8,975
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
1318
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
December 31,
------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
1999
------------ ---------------------- ----------
(Dollars in thousands
except per share
amounts)
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents........................equivalents................................................... $ 20,549 $ 16,552
$ 8,677
Accounts receivable..............................receivable, net.................................................... 44,787 54,401
55,132
Inventories......................................Inventories, net............................................................ 18,785 22,716 23,357
Deferred income taxes............................taxes....................................................... 4,031 4,977 4,843
Prepaid expenses and other current assets........assets................................... 3,935 4,535
4,232
------------ ---------------------- ----------
Total current assets...........................assets.................................................... 92,087 103,181 96,241
Property, plant, and equipment, net................net............................................ 38,244 42,459
44,752
Intangible assets.................................. 17,370 15,994Goodwill and other intangible assets, net...................................... 16,402 18,014
Investments in associated companies................companies............................................ 9,839 5,925 5,773
Deferred income taxes.............................. 9,914 9,688taxes.......................................................... 9,085 9,992
Other assets....................................... 9,312 9,765
------------ ------------assets................................................................... 13,166 8,668
---------- ----------
Total assets................................... $188,161 $182,213
============ ============assets............................................................ $ 178,823 $ 188,239
========== ==========
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt..................................debt................. $ 2,858 $ 2,914
$ 431
Accounts payable.................................payable............................................................ 18,323 21,762
22,350
Dividends payable................................payable........................................................... 1,873 1,811
1,742
Accrued compensation.............................compensation........................................................ 8,109 11,854 8,749
Other current liabilities........................liabilities................................................... 13,500 11,859
11,385
------------ ---------------------- ----------
Total current liabilities......................liabilities............................................... 44,663 50,200
44,657
Long-term debt.....................................debt................................................................. 19,380 22,295 25,122
Deferred income taxes.............................. 3,633 3,949taxes.......................................................... 1,233 3,711
Accrued postretirement benefits....................benefits................................................ 9,837 9,823
9,798
Other liabilities..................................liabilities.............................................................. 14,375 8,926
9,370
------------ ---------------------- ----------
Total liabilities.............................. 94,877 92,896
------------ ------------liabilities....................................................... 89,488 94,955
---------- ----------
Minority interest in equity of subsidiaries........subsidiaries.................................... 8,436 8,377
8,118
------------ ---------------------- ----------
Commitments and contingencies......................contingencies.................................................. -- --
Shareholders' equity
Common stock, $1 par value; authorized 30,000,000 shares; issued (including
treasury shares) 9,664,009 shares................................shares......................................... 9,664 9,664
Capital in excess of par value...................value.............................................. 357 746
832
Retained earnings................................earnings........................................................... 103,953 103,760
93,655Unearned compensation....................................................... (1,597) --
Accumulated other comprehensive loss.............loss........................................ (24,075) (16,714)
(11,378)
------------ ---------------------- ----------
88,302 97,456 92,773
Treasury stock, shares held at cost; 2000-812,646, 1999-729,986......................2001-526,865, 2000-812,646............. (7,403) (12,549)
(11,574)
------------ ---------------------- ----------
Total shareholders' equity.....................equity.............................................. 80,899 84,907
81,199
------------ ---------------------- ----------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity... $188,161 $182,213
============ ============equity........................... $ 178,823 $ 188,239
========== ==========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
1419
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
1998
------- ------- ---------------
(Dollars in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income........................................income................................................................................... $ 7,665 $17,163 $15,651 $ 10,650
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation....................................Depreciation.............................................................................. 4,913 5,404 5,682
5,290
Amortization....................................Amortization.............................................................................. 1,467 1,408 1,274 1,821
Equity in net income of associated companies....companies.............................................. (613) (1,424) (957) (961)
Minority interest in earnings of subsidiaries...subsidiaries............................................. 2,905 2,536 1,597
389
Deferred income taxes...........................taxes..................................................................... (627) (1,821) 1,031 (145)
Deferred compensation and other postretirement benefits.......................................benefits................................... 201 1,218 326 1,396
Net gain on exit of businesses..................businesses............................................................ -- (1,473) --
--
Litigation charge...............................Environmental charge...................................................................... 500 1,500 --
--
Repositioning and integrationRestructuring charges (credit) charges.............................................................. 5,854 -- (314)
5,261
Other, net......................................net................................................................................ (695) 596 926 --
Increase (decrease) in cash from changes in current assets and current liabilities, net of
acquisitions and divestitures:
Accounts receivable, net........................net.................................................................. 7,573 (2,187) (6,132)
(2,684)
Inventories.....................................Inventories............................................................................... 2,762 (650) (644) (1,149)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets.......assets................................................. 39 (1,596) (400) (1,879)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities........liabilities.................................................. (6,603) (1,805) (1,313)
(851)
Change in repositioning liabilities.............restructuring liabilities....................................................... (1,123) (328) (2,139) (1,882)
Estimated taxes on income.......................income................................................................. (1,614) 2,852 (361)
(2,675)
------- ------- ---------------
Net cash provided by operating activities.....activities.............................................. 22,604 21,393 14,227
12,581
------- ------- ---------------
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditures..............................expenditures......................................................................... (8,036) (6,126) (5,726) (8,099)
Dividends from associated companies...............companies.......................................................... 1,208 625 615 1,096
Investments in and advances to associated companies........................................companies.......................................... 95 -- (28) (621)
Payments related to acquisitions..................acquisitions............................................................. (1,718) (3,500) -- (9,350)
Proceeds from sale of business....................business............................................................... -- 5,200 -- --
Proceeds from disposition of assets...............assets.......................................................... 259 1,006 88
70
Other, net........................................ (1,249) (1,302) 63net................................................................................... 165 (11) (1,160)
------- ------- ---------------
Net cash used in investing activities......... (4,044) (6,353) (16,841)activities.................................................. (8,027) (2,806) (6,211)
------- ------- ---------------
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends paid....................................paid............................................................................... (7,410) (6,989) (6,817)
(6,526)
Net (decrease) increase in short-term borrowings.......................................borrowings and current portion of long-term debt................ (56) (290) (689) 1,078
Long-term borrowings.............................. -- -- 483
Repayment of long-term debt.......................debt.................................................................. (2,891) (28) (409)
--
Treasury stock issued.............................issued........................................................................ 2,902 810 557
1,588
Treasury stock repurchased........................repurchased................................................................... -- (1,961) --
--Distributions to minority shareholders....................................................... (2,335) (1,533) (142)
Other, net........................................ (295)net................................................................................... 234 -- --
------- ------- ---------------
Net cash used in financing activities......... (8,753) (7,358) (3,377)activities.................................................. (9,556) (9,991) (7,500)
------- ------- ---------------
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash...........cash...................................................... (1,024) (721) (2,052) (566)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents....................................equivalents...................................... 3,997 7,875 (1,536) (8,203)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year..year............................................ 16,552 8,677 10,213
18,416
------- ------- ---------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year........year.................................................. $20,549 $16,552 $ 8,677
$ 10,213
======= ======= ===============
Supplemental cash flow disclosures
Cash paid during the year for:
Income taxes....................................taxes................................................................................. $ 7,550 $ 6,935 $10,310
$ 5,059
Interest........................................Interest..................................................................................... 1,876 2,020 2,494
1,945Noncash investing activities:
Contribution of property, plant, and equipment to real estate joint venture.................. $ 4,358 -- --
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
1520
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Accumulated
Capital in other
Common excess of Retained Unearned comprehensive Treasury
stock par value earnings compensation income (loss) stock Total
------ ---------- -------- ------------ ------------- -------- --------
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
Balance at December 31, 1997..1998....... $9,664 $ 928910 $ 80,749 $(528)84,873 $ (874) $(14,963)-- $ 74,976
--------
Net income.................. -- -- 10,650 -- -- -- 10,650
Currency translation
adjustments................ -- -- -- -- 1,788 -- 1,788
Minimum pension liability... -- -- -- -- (332) -- (332)
--------
Comprehensive income........ -- -- -- -- -- -- 12,106
--------
Dividends ($.74 per share).. -- -- (6,526) -- -- -- (6,526)
Shares issued upon exercise
of options................. -- (339) -- -- -- 1,574 1,235
Shares issued for employee
stock purchase plan........ -- 90 -- -- -- 395 485
Restricted stock............ -- 231 -- 528 -- 700 1,459
------ ----- -------- ----- -------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1998.. 9,664 910 84,873 -- 582 (12,294)$(12,294) $ 83,735
--------
Net income..................income...................... -- -- 15,651 -- -- -- 15,651
Currency translation
adjustments................adjustments................... -- -- -- -- (11,997) -- (11,997)
Minimum pension liability...liability....... -- -- -- -- 37 -- 37
--------
Comprehensive income........income.......... -- -- -- -- -- -- 3,691
--------
Dividends ($.77 per share)........ -- -- (6,869) -- -- -- (6,869)
Shares issued upon exercise of
options.................options....................... -- (3) -- -- -- 167 164
Shares issued for employee
stock purchase plan........plan........... -- (75) -- -- -- 553 478
------ ----- -------- ------------ -------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1999..1999....... 9,664 832 93,655 -- (11,378) (11,574) 81,199
--------
Net income..................income...................... -- -- 17,163 -- -- -- 17,163
Currency translation
adjustments................adjustments................... -- -- -- -- (5,546) -- (5,546)
Minimum pension liability...liability....... -- -- -- -- 210 -- 210
--------
Comprehensive income........income.......... -- -- -- -- -- -- 11,827
--------
Dividends ($.80 per share)........ -- -- (7,058) -- -- -- (7,058)
Shares acquired under
repurchase program.........program............ -- -- -- -- -- (1,961) (1,961)
Shares issued upon exercise of
options.................options....................... -- (54) -- -- -- 613 559
Shares issued for employee
stock purchase plan........plan........... -- (32) -- -- -- 373 341
------ ----- -------- ------------ -------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, 2000..2000....... 9,664 746 103,760 -- (16,714) (12,549) 84,907
--------
Net income...................... -- -- 7,665 -- -- -- 7,665
Currency translation
adjustments................... -- -- -- -- (5,566) -- (5,566)
Minimum pension liability....... -- -- -- -- (1,524) -- (1,524)
Unrealized (loss) on available-
for-sale securities........... -- -- -- -- (271) -- (271)
--------
Comprehensive income.......... -- -- -- -- -- -- 304
--------
Dividends ($.82 per share)...... -- -- (7,472) -- -- -- (7,472)
Shares issued upon exercise of
options....................... -- (375) -- -- -- 3,106 2,731
Shares issued for employee
stock purchase plan........... -- 8 -- -- -- 244 252
Restricted stock................ -- (22) -- (1,597) -- 1,796 177
------ ----- -------- ------- -------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, 2001 $9,664 $ 746 $103,760 -- $(16,714) $(12,549)357 $103,953 $(1,597) $(24,075) $ 84,907(7,403) $ 80,899
====== ===== ======== ============ ======== ======== ========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
1621
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
Note 1--Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of consolidation: All majority-owned subsidiaries are included
in the Company's consolidated financial statements, with appropriate
elimination of intercompany balances and transactions. Investments in
associated (less than majority-owned) companies are accounted for under the
equity method.
Translation of foreign currency: Assets and liabilities of non-U.S.
subsidiaries and associated companies are translated into U.S. dollars at the
respective rates of exchange prevailing at the end of the year. Income and
expense accounts are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the
year. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are recorded directly
in shareholders' equity and will be included in income only upon sale or
liquidation of the underlying investment.
Cash and cash equivalents: The Company considers all highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash
equivalents.
Inventories: Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market value.
Cost of domestic inventories, except for those of the coatings segment, are
determined using the last-in, first-out ("LIFO") method. Cost of non-U.S.
subsidiaries and the domestic coatings segment inventories are determined using
the first-in, first-out ("FIFO") method.
Long-lived assets: Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost.
Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method on an individual asset
basis over the following estimated useful lives: buildings and improvements, 10
to 45 years; and machinery and equipment, 3 to 15 years. The carrying value of
long-lived assets is evaluated whenever changes in circumstances indicate the
carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. If necessary, the
Company recognizes an impairment loss for the difference between the carrying
amount of the assets and their estimated fair value. Fair value is based on
current and anticipated future undiscounted cash flows. Expenditures for
renewals and betterments which increase the estimated useful life or capacity
of the assets are capitalized; expenditures for repairs and maintenance are
expensed when incurred.
Intangible assets: Intangible assets consist of goodwill and other
intangibles arising from acquisitions which are being amortized on a
straight-
linestraight-line basis over various periods not exceeding 40 years. The
realizability and period of benefit of goodwill is evaluated periodically to
assess recoverability and, if warranted, impairment or adjustment of the period
benefited would be recognized. At December 31, 20002001 and 1999,2000, accumulated
amortization amounted to $6,032$9,195 and $5,532,$8,016, respectively.
Revenue recognition: Sales are recorded when products are shipped to
customers and services earned. As part of the Company's chemical management
services, certain third party products are transferred to customers at no gross
profit and, accordingly, these transactions have no effect on net sales. Third
party products transferred under these arrangements totaled $20,654, $19,733,
and $16,289 for 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively. License fees and royalties
are recorded when earned.earned and are included in other income.
Research and development costs: Research and development costs are expensed
as incurred. Company sponsored researchResearch and development expenses during 2001, 2000, and 1999 were
$8,851, $8,496 and 1998 were $8,496, $8,524, and $9,550, respectively.
Concentration of credit risk: Financial instruments, which potentially
subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk, principally consist of
cash equivalents, short-term investments, and trade receivables. The Company
invests temporary and excess cash in money market securities and financial
17instruments having
22
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
instruments having
maturities typically within 90 days. The Company has not experienced losses
from the aforementioned investments.
The Company sells its principal products to major steel, automotive, and
related companies around the world. The Company maintains allowances for
potential credit losses. TheAs of December 31, 2001 and 2000, the allowance for
doubtful accounts was $5,155 and $2,960, in 2000
and $1,133 in 1999.respectively. Historically, the
Company has experienced some losses related to bankruptcy proceedingspoor financial condition of
major steel companies in the U.S.certain customers. Prior to 2000, such losses havewere not been material. In 2001 and
2000, the Company recorded an
allowanceallowances of $2,000 and $1,672, respectively,
primarily related to two U.S. steel customers whichthat filed for bankruptcy protection under
Chapter 11.
Environmental liabilities and expenditures: Accruals for environmental
matters are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and
the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. If no amount in the
range is considered more probable than any other amount, the Company records
the lowest amount in the range in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. Accrued liabilities are exclusive of claims against third parties
and are not discounted. Environmental costs and remediation costs are
capitalized if the costs extend the life, increase the valuecapacity or improve
safety or efficiency of the property from the date acquired or constructed,
and/or mitigate or prevent contamination in the future.
Comprehensive income:income (loss): The Company presents the components of comprehensive income
(loss) in its Statement of Shareholders' Equity. The components of accumulated
other comprehensive loss for 2001 include: accumulated foreign currency
translation adjustments of $21,529, minimum pension liability of $2,275, and
unrealized holding losses on available-for-sale securities of $271. The
components of accumulated other comprehensive loss for 2000 include:
accumulated foreign currency translation adjustments of $15,963 and minimum
pension liability included in accumulated
other comprehensive loss were $15,963 and $751 at December 31, 2000,
respectively, and $10,417 and $961 at December 31, 1999, respectively. The
change in currency translation adjustment during 2000 is due to currency
fluctuations, primarily between the U.S. dollar, the Brazilian real and the
E.U. euro. The change in currency translation adjustment in 1999 is mainly
related to the Brazilian acquisition (see Note 12).of $751.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards:issued accounting standards: In June 1998 and June 2000,2001, the Financial
Accounting Standards Board (FASB)("FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards ("SFAS") No. 141, "Business Combinations," and SFAS No. 142,
"Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." SFAS No. 141 requires all business
combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 to be accounted for using the
purchase method. In addition, companies are required to review goodwill and
intangible assets reported in connection with prior acquisitions, possibly
disaggregate and report separately previously identified intangible assets, and
possibly reclassify certain intangible assets into goodwill. SFAS No. 142
establishes new guidelines for accounting for goodwill and other intangible
assets. Goodwill associated with acquisitions consummated after June 30, 2001
is not amortized. The Company has not recognized such goodwill. Additionally,
upon adoption, existing goodwill is no longer amortized, but instead will be
assessed for impairment on at least an annual basis. The Company implemented
the remaining provisions of SFAS No. 142 on January 1, 2002. The Company does
not expect to recognize an impairment charge in 2002 in accordance with SFAS
No. 142. The non-amortization provisions of SFAS No. 142 for goodwill and
intangibles is expected to result in an increase in operating income ranging
from approximately $500 to $1,000 in 2002.
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133,143, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" andAsset Retirement
Obligations." SFAS No. 138,
"Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities."
These statements establish143 addresses accounting and reporting standards requiring that
every derivative instrument be recorded onfor obligations
associated with the balance sheet as either an asset
or liability measured at fair value. SFAS Nos. 133retirement of tangible long-lived assets and 138 also require that
changes in the derivative's fair value be recognized currently in earnings
unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. SFAS No. 133, as amended by
SFAS No. 138,associated
retirement costs. This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after
June 15, 2000.2002. The adoptionCompany is currently assessing the impact of thesethis new
standards is not expected to have a material impact on
the Company's operating results or financial position.
In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff
Accounting Bulletin No. 101 (SAB 101) "Revenue Recognition in Financial
Statements", which clarifies certain existing accounting principles for the
timing of revenue recognition and its classification in the financial
statements. The implementation of SAB 101 in the fourth quarter of 2000 did not
have a material effect on the Company's financial statements.standard.
In July 2000, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) of2001, the FASB issued EITFSFAS No. 00-10, "Accounting144, "Impairment or Disposal of
Long-Lived Assets." The provisions of this statement provide a single
accounting model for Shippingimpairment of long-lived assets. The statement is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. The Company
adopted this standard on
23
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
January 1, 2002. Management has assessed the impact of the new standard and
Handling Fees and Costs", which
addressesdetermined there to be no material impact to the income statement classification of shipping and handling fees and
costs. As a result of implementing EITF No. 00-10, the Company now classifies
as revenues certain freight charges billed to customers and has restated prior
years' revenues and cost of sales in accordance with this guidance.
Implementation of EITF No. 00-10 had no impact on earnings.financial statements.
Accounting estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets,
liabilities, and disclosure of contingencies at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from such estimates.
18Reclassifications: Certain reclassifications of prior years' data have been
made to improve comparability.
Note 2--Restructuring and Related Activities
In the third and fourth quarters of 2001, the Company's management approved
restructuring plans to realign its organization and reduce operating costs. The
Company's restructuring plans include the closure and sale of its manufacturing
facilities in the U.K. and France. In addition, the Company consolidated
certain functions within its global business units and reduced administrative
functions, as well as expensed costs related to abandoned acquisitions.
Included in the third and fourth quarter restructuring charges are provisions
for the severance of 16 and 37 employees, respectively.
Restructuring and related charges of $2,958 and $2,896 were expensed during
the third and fourth quarters of 2001, respectively. The third quarter charge
comprised $520 related to employee separations, $2,038 related to facility
rationalization charges, and $400 related to abandoned acquisitions. The fourth
quarter charge comprised $2,124 related to employee separations, $575 related
to facility rationalization charges, and $197 related to abandoned
acquisitions. Employee separation benefits under each plan varied depending on
local regulations within certain foreign countries and included severance and
other benefits. As of December 31, 2001, the Company completed 25 of the
planned 53 employee separations under the 2001 plans. The Company expects to
substantially complete the initiatives contemplated under the restructuring
plans by September 30, 2002. Upon conclusion of its restructuring and other
cost savings initiatives, the Company expects to achieve annualized savings of
approximately $4,000 in cost of sales and operating expenses. These estimated
cost savings were calculated based upon expected cost reductions primarily
related to employee separations as well as lower operating and depreciation
expense resulting from factory rationalizations. However, the Company cannot
give any assurance whether the entire estimated cost savings will be realized.
Components of accrued restructuring costs and amounts charged against the
2001 plans as of December 31, 2001 were as follows:
2001
(Dollars in thousands)
Currency
Restructuring Asset Translation December 31, 2001
Charges Impairment Payments and Other Ending Balance
------------- ---------- -------- ----------- -----------------
Employee Separations.... $2,644 $ -- $(111) $ 1 $2,534
Facility Rationalization 2,613 (1,015) (171) 12 1,439
Abandoned Acquisitions.. 597 -- (597) -- --
------ ------- ----- --- ------
Total................ $5,854 $(1,015) $(879) $13 $3,973
====== ======= ===== === ======
24
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
Reclassifications: Certain reclassifications of prior years' data have been
made to improve comparability and to comply with EITF No. 00-10.
Note 2--Repositioning and Integration Charges
In the fourth quarter of 1998, the Company announced and implemented a
repositioningrestructuring and integration plan to better align its organizational structure
with market demands, improve operational performance, and reduce costs, and
recorded a pre-tax charge of $5,261 ($2,882 after-tax and minority interest, or
$0.33 per share). The repositioning and integration charge included workforce
reductions (approximately 70 employees) in the Company's U.S., South American
and European operations and integration costs associated with the closure of a
leased facility as a result of the Company's acquisition in Brazil (see Note
12).costs. The
components of the 1998 pre-tax repositioningrestructuring and integration charge included
severance and other benefit costs of $3,990$4,000 and early pension and
other postretirementpostemployment benefits of $1,271.$1,300. At the end of 1999, the Company had
substantially implemented these initiatives and reversed approximately $314 of
the original charge. The remaining severancerestructuring and other benefit costsintegration liability
balance at
December 31, 2000 of $244 was paid in January 2001.
The liabilities for early pension and other postretirementpostemployment benefits are included
in the Company's pension and postretirement benefits obligations (see Note 7).
The components7 of
pre-tax charges incurred in 1998, as well as balances
remaining at December 31, 2000, were as follows:
1998 repositioning and integration charges for severance, other
employee benefits and integration costs.............................. $3,990
Benefit payments in 1998.............................................. (965)
Benefit payments in 1999.............................................. (2,139)
1999 adjustment....................................................... (314)
Benefit payments in 2000.............................................. (328)
------
Remaining liability at December 31, 2000.............................. $ 244
======
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
Note 3--Investments in Associated Companies
Investments in associated (less than majority-owned) companies are accounted
for under the equity method. See Exhibit 21 in Part IV of this Form 10-K for a
listing of the associated companies and their relative ownership percentages.
Summarized financial information of the associated companies, (less than
majority-owned), in the
aggregate, is as follows:
December 31,
---------------
2001 2000 1999
------- -------
Current assets.................................................assets................................... $19,350 $26,999
$28,983
Noncurrent assets..............................................assets................................ 24,416 5,391
6,648
Current liabilities............................................liabilities.............................. 11,863 13,763
16,091
Noncurrent liabilities.........................................liabilities........................... 12,570 4,776 4,676
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998
------- ------- -------
Net sales...............................................sales........................................ $43,138 $57,460 $54,224
$50,542
Gross margin............................................margin..................................... 19,093 21,227 20,377
18,893
Operating income........................................income................................. 4,263 5,226 5,821
5,963
Net income..............................................income....................................... 1,527 2,004 2,196 2,367
19In January 2001, the Company contributed its Conshohocken, Pennsylvania
property and buildings (the "Site") to a real estate joint venture (the
"Venture") in exchange for a 50% ownership in the Venture. The Venture did not
assume any debt or other obligations of the Company. The Venture credited the
Company's capital account with the estimated fair value of the Site, which
amount was in excess of the book value of the contribution. The Company
recorded its investment in the Venture at book value, which totaled $4,736.
The Venture is renovating certain of the existing buildings at the Site, as
well as building new office space (the "Project"). In December 2000, the
Company entered into an agreement with the Venture to lease approximately 40%
of the Site's available office space for a 15-year period commencing February
2002, with multiple renewal options. The Company believes the terms of this
lease are no worse than the terms it would have obtained from an unaffiliated
third party. As of February 28, 2002, approximately half of the Site's
remaining office space was under lease to unaffiliated third parties.
The Venture is funding the Project with a $21,000 construction loan from The
Bank of New York (the "Venture Loan"), of which approximately $11,766 was
outstanding as of December 31, 2001. The Venture Loan
25
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
is secured in part by a mortgage on the Site and guarantees of completion and
payment of interest and operating expenses executed by certain Venture partners
other than the Company.
The Company has not guaranteed, nor is it obligated to pay any principal,
interest or penalties on the Venture Loan, even in the event of default by the
Venture. At December 31, 2001, the Venture had property with a book value of
$19,003, total assets of $19,816 and total liabilities of $14,547. The Venture
expects to complete the Project in mid-2002, and expects to refinance the
Venture Loan, which matures in July 2002 subject to extension under certain
conditions, on acceptable terms. The Company can offer no assurances that the
refinancing will be successful. If cash flows permit, the Company will be
eligible to receive priority distributions from the Venture.
Note 4--Inventories
Total inventories comprise:
December 31,
---------------
2001 2000 1999
------- -------
Raw materials and supplies.....................................supplies....................... $ 9,673 $11,872 $12,140
Work in process and finished goods.............................goods............... 9,112 10,844 11,217
------- -------
$18,785 $22,716 $23,357
======= =======
Inventories valued under the LIFO method amounted to $6,497$5,636 and $6,380$6,497 at
December 31, 20002001 and 1999,2000, respectively. The estimated replacement costs for
these inventories using the FIFO method were approximately $6,287$5,196 and $5,929,$6,287,
respectively.
Note 5--Property, Plant, and Equipment
Property, plant, and equipment comprise:
December 31,
-------------------------------
2001 2000
1999
------- ---------------
Land...........................................................Land............................................. $ 4,328 $ 5,670
$ 5,437
Building and improvements......................................improvements........................ 25,132 33,881 34,696
Machinery and equipment........................................equipment.......................... 61,881 65,844 65,542
Construction in progress.......................................progress......................... 6,026 2,639
3,249
------- ---------------
97,367 108,034 108,924
Less accumulated depreciation..................................depreciation.................... 59,123 65,575
64,172
------- -------
$42,459 $44,752--------
$38,244 $ 42,459
======= ===============
26
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
Note 6--Taxes on Income
Taxes on income consist of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------
2001 2000 1999
1998
------- --------------- -------
Current:
Federal...............................................
Federal. $(1,066) $ 2,411 $ 3,528
$ 1,294
State..............................................State... 5 145 85
145
Foreign............................................Foreign. 6,161 7,476 6,216
5,425
------- -------- ------- -------
5,100 10,032 9,829
6,864
Deferred:
Federal..............................................
Federal. 226 (1,337) 522
(1,016)
Foreign............................................Foreign. (853) (484) 509
871
------- -------- ------- Total................................................-------
Total...... $ 4,473 $ 8,211 $ 10,860 $ 6,719$10,860
======= =============== =======
20
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
Total deferred tax assets and liabilities are composed of the following at
December 31:
2001 2000
1999
----------------------------- ---------------
Non- Non-
Current current Current current
------- ------- ------- -------
Retirement benefits...........................benefits.................. $ 13179 $ -- $ 15513 $ --
Allowance for doubtful accounts...............accounts...... 706 -- 560 --
180 --
FRS impairment................................impairment....................... -- 1,836 -- 1,836
Insurance and litigation reserves.............reserves.... 666 -- 670 --
1,523Postretirement benefits.............. -- Postretirement benefits.......................3,111 -- 3,102
-- 3,082
Supplemental retirement benefits..............benefits..... -- 900 -- 802
-- 772
Performance incentives........................incentives............... 306 2,256 2,637 722 1,790 102
Alternative minimum tax carryforward. -- -- -- 396
Restructuring charges................ 2,174 -- 1,097 2,873
Vacation pay......................... -- 261 -- 261
Goodwill............................. -- 564 -- --
Operating loss carryforward.......... -- 396 -- 743
Repositioning charges......................... 1,097 2,873 1,195 2,873
Operating loss carryforward...................903 -- 1,222
Other................................ -- 1,618
Other.........................................157 -- 183 --
280------ ------ ------ -------
4,031 9,988 4,977 11,214
Valuation allowance...........................allowance.................. -- (903) -- (1,222)
-- (1,618)
------ ------------- ------ -------
Total deferred income tax assets.....................assets--net $4,031 $9,085 $4,977 $ 9,914 $4,843 $ 9,6889,992
====== ====== ====== =======
====== =======
Depreciation..................................Depreciation......................... $1,161 $ 3,467
$ 2,944
Sale of business.............................. -- 916
Other......................................... 166 89
-------Other................................ 72 244
------ -------
Total deferred income tax liabilities................liabilities $1,233 $ 3,633 $ 3,949
=======3,711
====== =======
27
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
The following is a reconciliation of income taxes at the Federal statutory
rate with income taxes recorded by the Company for the years ended December 31:
2001 2000 1999
1998
------ ------- -------------
Income tax provision at the Federal statutory tax rate........................ $9,005rate...................... $4,906 $ 9,005 $ 9,231 $5,833
State income tax provisions, net..............................................net............................................ 3 96 56 96
Non-deductible entertainment and business meal expense........................expense...................... 159 173 195 206
Foreign taxes on earnings at rates different from the Federal statutory rate..rate (321) (1,239) 1,321
197
Miscellaneous items, net......................................................net.................................................... (274) 176 57
387
------ ------- -------------
Taxes on income............................................................... $8,211income............................................................. $4,473 $ 8,211 $10,860 $6,719
====== ======= =============
At December 31, 2000,2001, the Company has foreign net operating loss
carryforwards of $3,864,$2,670, of which $207$477 expire between 20012002 and 2002.2006. There is
no time limit for the remaining net operating loss carryforwards of $3,657.$2,193. Due
to the uncertainty of the realization of these deferred tax assets, the Company
has established a valuation allowance against these carryforward benefits.
U.S. income taxes have not been provided on the undistributed earnings of
non-U.S. subsidiaries since it is the Company's intention to continue to
reinvest these earnings in those subsidiaries for working capital and expansion
needs. The amount of such undistributed earnings at December 31, 20002001 was
approximately $107,000.$109,000. Any income tax liability which might result from
ultimate remittance of these earnings is expected to be substantially offset by
foreign tax credits.
21
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
Note 7--Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
The Company maintains various noncontributory retirement plans, the largest
of which is in the U.S., covering substantially all of its employees in the
U.S. and certain other countries. The plans of the Company's subsidiaries in
the Netherlands and in the United Kingdom are subject to the provision of SFAS
No. 87, "Employers' Accounting for Pensions." The plans of the remaining
non-
U.S.non-U.S. subsidiaries are, for the most part, either fully insured or
integrated with the local governments' plans and are not subject to the
provisions of SFAS No. 87.
The following table shows the components of pension costs for the periods
indicated:
2001 2000 1999
1998
------ ------ ------------- ------- -------
Service cost............................................ $2,442 $2,136 $1,608cost..................................... $ 2,172 $ 2,442 $ 2,136
Interest cost...........................................cost.................................... 4,359 4,169 3,962 3,613
Expected return on plan assets..........................assets................... (4,569) (4,583) (4,614)
(4,416)
Other amortization, net.................................net.......................... 284 97 (46)
(387)
Early pension benefitsPension curtailment (Note 2).............................................. 42 -- --
965
------ ------ ------------- ------- -------
Net pension cost of plans subject to SFAS No. 87........87. 2,288 2,125 1,438 1,383
Pension costs of plans not subject to SFAS No. 87.......87 46 69 67
243
------ ------ ------------- ------- -------
Net pension costs....................................... $2,194 $1,505 $1,626
====== ====== ======costs................................ $ 2,334 $ 2,194 $ 1,505
======= ======= =======
28
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
The U.S. defined benefit pension plan is the largest plan. The significant
assumptions for the U.S. plan were as follows:
2001 2000 1999
1998
----- ----- --------- ---- ----
Discount rate for projected benefit obligation................obligation............. 7.25% 7.5% 7.5% 6.75%
Assumed long-term rate of compensation increases.............. 5.5%increases........... 4.75% 5.5% 5.5%
Long-term rate of return on plan assets.......................assets.................... 9.25% 9.25% 9.25%
All other pension plans used assumptions in determining the actuarial
present value of the projected benefit obligations which are consistent with
(but not identical to) those of the U.S. plan.
The Company has postretirement benefit plans that provide medical and life
insurance benefits for certain of its retired employees of the Company.employees. Both the medical and
life insurance plans are currently unfunded.
The following table shows the components of postretirement costs for the
periods indicated:
2001 2000 1999
1998
---- ---- ----------
Service cost..................................................cost............................................... $ 95 $105 $114
$ 100
Interest cost.................................................cost.............................................. 696 714 669
622
---- ---- ----------
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost...................... 819 783 722
Early postretirement benefits (Note 2)........................ -- -- 306
---- ---- ------
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost......................cost................... $791 $819 $783
$1,028
==== ==== ==========
2229
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
The following table shows the Company plans' funded status reconciled with
amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31:
Other
postretirement
Pension postretirement benefits benefits
----------------- ----------------
----------------2001 2000 19992001 2000
1999
--------------- ------- ------- -------
Change in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year...year............ $ 65,824 $64,712 $63,471$ 9,841 $ 9,607
$ 9,575
Service cost..............................cost....................................... 2,113 2,382 2,08395 105
114
Interest cost.............................cost...................................... 4,359 4,169 3,962696 714
669
Amendments................................Amendments......................................... -- 253 -- --
--
Translation difference....................difference............................. (940) (1,365) (2,436) -- --
Actuarial (gain)/loss..................... loss.............................. 2,491 (337) 1,230(41) 209
100
Benefits paid.............................paid...................................... (3,971) (4,031) (3,640)(776) (794)
(851)
Other.....................................Other.............................................. 39 41 42 -- --
--------------- ------- ------- -------
Benefit obligation at end of year......... 65,824 64,712year.................. $ 69,915 $65,824 $ 9,815 $ 9,841
9,607======== ======= ======= =======
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year..................................... 58,233 58,312year..... $ 58,006 $58,233 $ -- $ --
Actual return on plan assets..............assets....................... (2,108) 3,032 3,950 -- --
Employer contribution.....................contribution.............................. 2,301 1,571 1,728777 794 851
Plan participants' contributions..........contributions................... 59 61 62 -- --
Translation difference....................difference............................. (877) (1,114) (2,259) -- --
Benefits paid.............................paid...................................... (3,828) (3,777) (3,560)(777) (794)
(851)
--------------- ------- ------- -------
Fair value of plan assets at end of year..year........... 53,553 58,006 58,233 -- --
Funded status.............................status...................................... (16,362) (7,818) (6,479)(9,815) (9,841) (9,607)
Unrecognized transition asset.............asset...................... (848) (1,103) (1,608) -- --
Unrecognized gain/gain (loss)............................................. 10,930 2,882 2,481(22) 18 (191)
Unrecognized prior service cost...........cost.................... 3,946 3,660 3,658 -- --
--------------- ------- ------- -------
Net amount recognized.....................recognized.............................. $ (2,334) $(2,379) $(1,948)$(9,837) $(9,823)
$(9,798)
=============== ======= ======= =======
Amounts recognized in the balance sheet consist of:
Prepaid benefit cost....................cost............................ $ 3,737 $ 3,105
$ 3,467
Accrued benefit obligation..............obligation...................... (12,088) (6,311)
(6,630)
Intangible asset........................asset................................ 3,742 76 254
Accumulated other comprehensive income..income.......... 2,275 751
961
--------------- -------
Net amount recognized.....................recognized.............................. $ (2,334) $(2,379)
$(1,948)
=============== =======
The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation, and fair
value of plan assets for the pension planplans with accumulated benefit obligations
in excess of plan assets were $55,284, $50,601, and $38,602, respectively, as
of December 31, 2001 and $7,075, $6,222, and $0, respectively, as of December
31, 2000 and $9,912, $8,893, and $3,463, respectively, as of December
31, 1999.2000.
The discount rate used in determining the accumulated postretirement benefit
obligation was 7.25% in 2001 and 7.5% in 2000 and 1999.2000.
In valuing costs and liabilities, different health care cost trend rates
were used for retirees under and over age 65. The average assumed rate for
medical benefits for all retirees was 8% in 2000,2001, gradually decreasing to
30
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
5% over nine years. A 1% increase in the health care cost trend rate would
increase total service and interest cost for 20002001 by $37 and the accumulated
postretirement benefit obligation as of December 31, 20002001 by $534.
23
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)$544.
A 1% decrease in the health care cost trend rate would decrease total
service and interest cost for 20002001 by $34$33 and the accumulated postretirement
benefit obligation as of December 31, 20002001 by $480.$488.
The Company maintains a plan under which supplemental retirement benefits
are provided to certain officers. Benefits payable under the plan are based on
a combination of years of service and existing postretirement benefits.
Included in total pension costs are charges of $681, $575, and $511 in 2001,
2000, and $411 in 2000,
1999, and 1998, respectively, representing the annual accrued benefits under
this plan.
Profit sharing plan: The Company also maintainshad maintained a qualified profit sharing
plan covering substantially all domestic employees other than those who are
compensated on a commission basis. Contributions were $617 $1,251, and $310$1,251 for 2000
1999, and 1998,1999 respectively. In January 2001, this plan was replaced by an enhanced
employer match on the Company's 401(k) plan. Contributions
through this match are expected to approximate those of the profit sharing
plan.The Company's 401(k) matching
contributions for 2001 were $530.
Note 8--Debt
Debt consisted of the following:
December 31,
---------------
2001 2000 1999
------- -------
6.98% Senior unsecured notes due 2007.......................... $20,0002007............................................. $17,143 $20,000
Industrial development authority monthly floating rate (4.6%(1.8% at December 31, 2000)2001)
demand bonds maturing 2014.................2014...................................................... 5,000 5,000
Other debt obligations.........................................obligations............................................................ 95 209 553
------- -------
22,238 25,209 25,553
Less current portion...........................................portion.............................................................. 2,858 2,914 431
------- -------
$19,380 $22,295 $25,122
======= =======
The long-term financing agreements require the maintenance of certain
financial covenants with which the Company is in compliance.
During the next five years, payments on long-term debt are due as follows:
$2,887 in 2001, $3,009$2,857 in 2002, and $2,857 in 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2005.2006.
At December 31, 20002001 and 1999,2000, the Company had outstanding short-term
borrowings with banks under lines of credit in the aggregate of $1 and $27,
and $331,
respectively.
TheAs of December 31, 2001, the Company has available a $18,000 unsecured line
of credit. Any borrowings under this line of credit will be at the bank's most
competitive rate of interest in effect at the time. There were no outstanding
borrowings under this line of credit at December 31, 20002001 or 1999.2000.
As of December 31, 2001, the Company maintained a $5,135 stand-by letter of
credit guarantying payment of the industrial development authority bonds. This
letter of credit is renewed annually.
31
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
At December 31, 20002001 and 1999,2000, the values at which the financial instruments
are recorded are not materially different from their fair market value.
Note 9--Shareholders' Equity
Holders of record of the Company's common stock for a period of 36
consecutive calendar months or less are entitled to 1 vote per share of common
stock. Holders of record of the Company's common stock for a period greater
than 36 consecutive calendar months are entitled to 10 votes per share of
common stock.
Treasury stock is held for use by the various Company plans which require
the issuance of the Company's common stock.
24
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock,
$1.00 par value, subject to approval by the Board of Directors. The Board of
Directors may designate one or more series of preferred stock and the number of
shares, rights, preferences, and limitations of each series. No preferred stock
has been issued.
Under provisions of a stock purchase plan which permits employees to
purchase shares of stock at 85% of the market value, 13,463 shares, 20,857
shares, 30,962
shares, and 27,53830,962 shares were issued from treasury in 2001, 2000, 1999, and 1998,1999,
respectively. The number of shares that may be purchased by an employee in any
year is limited by factors dependent upon the market value of the stock and the
employee's base salary. As of January 1,At December 31, 2001, a new Employee Stock Purchase
Plan became effective under which employees may purchase stock under similar
terms as the prior plan. Under the new plan, which replaced the previous plan,
500,000486,537 shares are available for
purchase.
The Company has a long-term incentive program for key employees which
provides for the granting of options to purchase stock at prices not less than
market value on the date of the grant. Most options are exercisable between one
and three years after the date of the grant for a period of time determined by
the Company not to exceed seven years from the date of grant for options issued
in 1999 or later and ten years for options issued in prior years. The Company
has adopted the disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for
Stock-
basedStock-based Compensation." Accordingly, no compensation expense has been
recognized for the stock option plans. Had compensation cost been determined
based on the fair value at grant date for awards in 2001, 2000, 1999, and 19981999
consistent with the provisions of SFAS No. 123, the Company's net earnings and
earnings per share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated
below:
2001 2000 1999
1998
------------- ------- -------
Net income--as reported................................reported.. $7,665 $17,163 $15,651
$10,650
Net income--pro forma..................................forma.... 7,236 16,894 15,307 10,304
Net income per share--
as reported (basic)..... $ .85 $ 1.94 $ 1.76
Net income per share--
as reported (diluted)................................... $ .84 $ 1.93 $ 1.74 $ 1.20
Net income per share--
pro forma (basic)...... $ .80 $ 1.91 $ 1.72
Net income per share--
pro forma (diluted)....................................... $ .79 $ 1.90 $ 1.71 1.16
32
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of the grant
using the Black-Scholes option - pricingoption-pricing model with the following
weighted-
averageweighted-average assumptions:
2001 2000 1999 1998
---- ---- ----
Dividend yield................................................yield......... 3.9% 3.9% 3.9%
Expected volatility...........................................volatility.... 21.9% 20.4% 24.2%
22.7%
Risk-free interest rate.......................................rate 3.38% 5.12% 6.45% 5.09%
Expected life (years)........................................... 7 7 8 9
25
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
The table below summarizes transactions in the plan during 2001, 2000, 1999, and
1998.1999:
2001 2000 1999
1998
------------------- ------------------- ------------------------------------
Weighted Weighted Weighted
Average Average Number Average
Number of Exercise Number of Exercise Number of Exercise
Shares Price Shares Price Shares Price
--------- -------- --------- -------- ---------------- --------
Options outstanding at January 1,............... 1,140,447 $16.60 1,082,947 $16.93 943,263 $17.34
921,999 $17.03
Options granted.........granted.................... 214,700 17.83 140,700 14.69 157,600 14.37
155,400 17.19
Options exercised.......exercised.................. (166,215) 15.73 (25,350) 16.27 (2,516) 14.17
(97,994) 12.89
Options expired.........expired.................... (134,948) 18.18 (57,850) 18.19 (15,400) 16.33
(36,142) 21.02
--------- --------- ----------------
Options outstanding at December 31,........... 1,053,984 16.80 1,140,447 16.60 1,082,947 16.93
943,263 17.34
========= ========= ================
Options exercisable at December 31,........... 748,208 16.76 906,306 17.01 826,347 17.35
760,352 17.47
========= ========= ================
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding
at December 31, 2000:2001:
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
- ------------------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------
Number Weighted Weighted Number Weighted
Range of Outstanding Weighted Average Average Exercisable Average
Exercise Prices at 12/31/0001 Contractual Life Exercise Price at 12/31/0001 Exercise PricesPrice
- --------------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ----------- -----------------------------
$12.10 -$12.10--
$14.52 288,995232,150 5 $13.95 207,895 $13.80
14.53 -$13.96 196,049 $13.90
14.53--
16.94 353,134 6 15.40 225,093 15.70
16.95 -262,150 5 15.37 210,175 15.52
16.95--
19.36 389,095 4 18.19 364,095 18.19
19.37 -479,747 5 18.06 263,047 18.26
19.37--
21.78 39,2239,937 2 20.99 39,223 20.99
21.79 -20.88 8,937 21.00
21.79--
24.20 70,000 43 22.36 70,000 22.36
--------- -------
1,140,4471,053,984 5 16.60 906,306 17.0116.80 748,208 16.76
========= =======
Options were exercised for cash, resulting in the issuance of 166,215 shares
in 2001 and 25,350 shares in 2000 and 2,516 shares in 1999.2000. Options to purchase 731,800999,000 shares were
available at December 31, 20002001 for future grants.
The program also provides for cash awards and commencing in 1999, common
stock awards, the value of which is determined based on operating results over
a three-year period for awards issued in 1999, and over a four-year period in
prior years. The effect on operations of the change in the estimated value of
incentive units during the year was $25, $921, and $2,246 in 2001, 2000, and
$870 in 2000, 1999, and
1998, respectively.
Shareholders of record on February 20, 1990 received two stock purchase
rights for each three shares of common stock outstanding. These rights expired
on February 20, 2000. On March 6, 2000, the Board of Directors approved a new
Rights Plan and declared a dividend of one new right (the "Rights") for each
outstanding share of common stock to shareholders of record on March 20, 2000.
33
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
The Rights become exercisable if a person or group acquires or announces a
tender offer which would result in such person's acquisition of 20% or more of
the Company's common stock.
Each Right, when exercisable, entitles the registered holder to purchase one
one-hundredth of a share of a newly authorized Series B preferred stock at an
exercise price of sixty-five dollars per share subject to certain anti-dilution
adjustments. In addition, if a person or group acquires 20% or more of the
outstanding shares of the Company's common stock, without first obtaining Board
of Directors' approval, as required by the terms of the Rights Agreement, each
Right will then entitle its holder (other than such person or members of any
such group) to purchase, at the Right's then current exercise price, a number
of one one-hundredth shares of Series B preferred stock having a total market
value of twice the Right's exercise price.
26
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
In addition, at any time after a person acquires 20% of the outstanding
shares of common stock and prior to the acquisition by such person of 50% or
more of the outstanding shares of common stock, the Company may exchange the
Rights (other than the Rights which have become null and void), in whole or in
part, at an exchange ratio of one share of common stock or equivalent share of
preferred stock, per Right.
The Board of Directors can redeem the Rights for $.01 per Right at any time
prior to the acquisition by a person or group of beneficial ownership of 20% or
more of the Company's common stock. Until a Right is exercised, the holder
thereof will have no rights as a shareholder of the Company, including without
limitation, the right to vote or to receive dividends. Unless earlier redeemed
or exchanged, the Rights will expire on March 20, 2010.
Restricted stock bonus: In 1995As part of the Company's 2001 Global Annual
Incentive Plan ("Annual Plan"), approved by shareholders on May 9, 2001, a
restricted stock bonus of 100,000 shares of the Company's stock was granted to
an executive of the Company. The shares were issued in April 2001, in
accordance with the terms of the Annual Plan, and 1997,registered in the executive's
name. The shares are subject to forfeiture if the Company granted restricted
stock which was recognized as compensationfails to achieve a
target level of earnings per share for the year 2001 and will vest over a
four-year period, subject to the periodexecutive's continued employment by the
Company. In 2001, 10,000 shares were earned or vested. In 1998 the Company recognized expense of $528 with respectand $177 was charged to this restricted stock.selling,
general, and administrative expenses ("SG&A"). The remaining shares have been
recorded as unearned compensation and will be charged to SG&A when earned.
Note 10--Earnings Per Share
The following table summarizes earnings per share (EPS)("EPS") calculations for
the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000, 1999, and 1998:1999:
December 31,
---------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
1998
------------- ------- -------
Numerator for basic EPS and diluted EPS--net income...income.......................... $7,665 $17,163 $15,651
$10,650
------------- ------- -------
Denominator for basic EPS--weighted average shares....shares........................... 9,054 8,831 8,914 8,789
Effect of dilutive securities, primarily employee stock options........................................options.............. 60 65 61
71
------------- ------- -------
Denominator for diluted EPS--weighted average shares and assumed conversions..............................conversions. 9,114 8,896 8,975
8,860
------------- ------- -------
Basic EPS............................................. $1.94 $1.76 $1.21EPS.................................................................... $ .85 $ 1.94 $ 1.76
Diluted EPS...........................................EPS.................................................................. $ .84 $ 1.93 $ 1.74 1.20
The following number of stock options are not included in dilutive earnings
per share since in each case the exercise price is greater than the market
price: 79, 190, and 192, in 2001, 2000, and 190,1999, respectively.
34
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in 2000, 1999, and 1998, respectively.thousands except per share amounts)
Note 11--Business Segments
The Company's reportable segments are as follows:
(1) Metalworking process chemicals--products used as lubricants for
various heavy industrial and manufacturing applications.
27
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
(2) Coatings--temporary and permanent coatings for metal products and
chemical milling maskants.
(3) Other chemical products--primarily chemicals used in the
manufacturing of paper in 2000 and 1999, as well as other various chemical
products.
Segment data includes direct segment costs as well as general operating
costs, including depreciation, allocated to each segment based on net sales.
Inter-segment transactions are immaterial.
The table below presents information about the reported segments for the
years ended December 31:
Metalworking Other
Process Chemical
Chemicals Coatings Products Total
------------ -------- -------- --------
2001
Net sales............... $228,527 $18,464 $ 4,083 $251,074
Operating income........ 47,580 5,161 1,211 53,952
Depreciation............ 4,580 155 82 4,817
2000
Net sales........................... $244,055sales............... $245,279 $17,560 $ 5,9554,731 $267,570
Operating income (loss)............. 56,921. 55,743 4,216 (740) 60,397
Depreciation........................(580) 59,379
Depreciation............ 5,122 122 125 5,369
1999
Net sales........................... $243,007sales............... $237,283 $18,094 $ 4,570$10,294 $265,671
Operating income ................... 55,207income........ 55,008 5,591 729 61,527
Depreciation........................919 61,518
Depreciation............ 5,090 116 281 5,487
1998
Net sales........................... $232,245 $19,521 $12,687 $264,453
Operating income ................... 48,332 6,150 507 54,989
Depreciation........................ 4,805 84 261 5,150
Operating income comprises revenue less related costs and expenses.
Nonoperating expenses primarily consist of general corporate expenses
identified as not being a cost of operation, interest expense, interest income,
and license fees from nonconsolidated associates.
A reconciliation of total segment operating income to total consolidated
income before taxes for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000, 1999, and 19981999 is as
follows:
2001 2000 1999 1998
-------- -------- --------
Total operating income for reportable segments...segments $ 60,39753,952 $ 61,52759,379 $ 54,989
Repositioning and integration credit61,518
Restructuring (charges)... credit................ (5,854) -- 314
(5,261)
Nonoperating charges............................. (33,779) (33,091) (30,497)charges.......................... (31,844) (32,761) (33,082)
Depreciation and amortization....................amortization................. (1,563) (1,443) (1,469) (1,961)
Net gain on exit of businesses...................businesses................ -- 1,473 --
--
Litigation charge................................Environmental charge.......................... (500) (1,500) --
--
Interest expense.................................expense.............................. (1,880) (2,030) (2,486)
(2,151)
Interest income..................................income............................... 1,030 934 494
562
Other income, net................................net............................. 1,089 2,434 1,862 1,116
-------- -------- --------
Consolidated income before taxes.................taxes.............. $ 14,430 $ 26,486 $ 27,151
$ 16,797
======== ======== ========
2835
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
The following sales and long-lived asset information is by geographic area
as of and for the years ended December 31:
2001 2000 1999 1998
-------- -------- --------
Net sales
United States........................................States $109,969 $117,106 $121,188
$123,472
Europe...............................................Europe....... 88,370 92,151 92,687
96,267
Asia/Pacific.........................................Pacific. 26,994 28,621 27,125
25,750
South America........................................America 25,741 29,692 24,671 18,964
-------- -------- --------
Consolidated.........................................Consolidated. $251,074 $267,570 $265,671
$264,453
======== ======== ======== ========
2001 2000 1999
1998
-------- -------- --------------- ------- -------
Long-lived assets
United States........................................ $ 32,467 $ 31,692 $ 29,917
Europe...............................................States.... $37,558 $32,467 $31,692
Europe........... 23,340 23,011 26,235
30,341
Asia/Pacific.........................................Pacific..... 5,222 5,420 6,211
5,606
South America........................................America.... 11,531 14,168 12,146
18,677
-------- -------- --------
Consolidated......................................... $ 75,066 $ 76,284 $ 84,541
======== ======== ========------- ------- -------
Consolidated..... $77,651 $75,066 $76,284
======= ======= =======
Note 12--Business Acquisitions and Divestitures
TheOn March 30, 2001, the Company completedacquired from its Canadian licensee, H. L.
Blachford, Ltd., rights to market to, sell to, and service all Canadian
integrated steel makers and certain accounts in the acquisition and divestiture set forth below.Canadian metalworking
market. The
acquisition was accounted for as a purchase, and, accordingly, the purchase price was allocated between fair valuetotaling approximately $1,450, together with a
five-year earn-out provision of identifiablefive percent on net assets acquired and
the excess of cost over netsales to certain accounts
purchased, resulted in intangible assets of the acquired company. The consolidated
financial statements include operating results of the business acquired from
the date of acquisition. Pro forma results of operations have not been
presented for the acquisition or the divestiture because the effects of these
transactions, individually or in the aggregate, were not material.$1,364.
On May 31, 2000, the Company completed the sale of its U.S. pulp and paper
business for $5,200. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain on the sale of $2,370.
Pro-forma results of operations have not been presented because the effects
were not material.
On June 25, 1998, the Company completed formation of a majority-owned joint
venture in Brazil and small businesses in Italy and Venezuela for approximately
$9,350, of which goodwill comprises $5,500 and is being amortized over 20
years.comprised $5,500. The agreement provided for an
earn-out provision if certain performance targets were met. Those targets were
met and $3,500 was paid in 2000, resulting in additional goodwill that is being amortized over the remaining life of the
initial goodwill.
Note 13--Commitments and Contingencies
The Company is involved in environmental clean-up activities and litigation
in connection with an existing plant location and former waste disposal sites.
The Company identified certain soil and groundwater contamination at AC
Products, Inc. ("ACP"), a wholly owned subsidiary. In coordination with the
Santa Ana California Regional Water Quality Board, ACP is remediating the
contamination. During the second quarter of 2000, it was discovered during an
internal environmental audit that ACP had failed to properly report its air
emissions. In response, an internal investigation of all environmental, health,
and safety matters at ACP was conducted. ACP has voluntarily disclosed these
matters to regulators and has taken steps to correct all environmental, health,
and safety issues discovered. In connection with these activities the Company
recorded pre-tax charges totaling $500 and $1,500 in 2001 and 2000,
respectively. The Company believes that the potential uninsured
known
29potential-known liabilities
associated with these matters ranges from approximately $1,400 to $2,300, for
which the Company has sufficient reserves. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the
Company cannot be certain that
36
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
liabilities associated with these matters approximate $1.5 million, for which
the Company has sufficient reserves. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company
cannot be certain that liabilities in the form of remediation expenses, fines, penalties, and damages
will not be incurred in excess of the amount reserved.
Additionally, although there can be no assurance regarding the outcome of
other environmental matters, the Company believes that it has made adequate
accruals for costs associated with other environmental problems of which it is
aware. Approximately $260 and $176 was accrued at December 31, 20002001 and 1999,2000,
respectively, to provide for such anticipated future environmental assessments
and remediation costs.
A wholly ownednon-consolidated, non-operating subsidiary of the Company is a
co-defendant in claims filed by multiple claimants alleging injury due to
exposure to asbestos. Although there can be no assurance regarding the
outcome ofpotential liabilities associated with the existing claims proceedings, the
subsidiary believes that it has adequate insurance coverage and has made
adequate accruals for all potential uninsured liabilities related to claims of which it
is aware. Effective October 31, 1997, the subsidiary's insurance carriers
agreed to be responsible for all damages and costs (including attorneys' fees)
arising out of all existing and future asbestos claims.claims up to applicable policy
limits. At December 31, 2000,2001, the subsidiary had accrued approximately $50 to
provide for anticipated damages and costs incurred prior to October 31, 1997.
The Company is party to other litigation which management currently believes
will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations,
cash flows or financial condition.
30
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(DollarsThe Company leases certain manufacturing and office facilities and equipment
under non-cancelable operating leases with various terms from one to 25 years
expiring in thousands except per share amounts)2020. Rent expense for 2001, 2000, and 1999 was $3,359, $2,299, and
$2,159, respectively. The Company's minimum rental commitments under
non-cancelable operating leases at December 31, 2001, were approximately $3,851
in 2002, $3,233 in 2003, $2,326 in 2004, $1,637 in 2005, $1,562 in 2006, and
$12,903 thereafter.
Note 14--Quarterly Results (unaudited)
First Second Third Fourth
------- ------- ------- -------
2001
Net sales...................................... $64,215 $65,073 $63,514 $58,272
Gross profit................................... 25,822 27,085 25,143 22,979
Operating income (loss)........................ 6,099 6,959 2,853 (1,720)
Net income (loss).............................. 4,013 4,114 1,116 (1,578)
Net income (loss) per share--basic and diluted. $ .45 $ .45 $ .12 $ (.17)
2000
Net sales.....................................sales...................................... $66,994 $69,355 $68,478 $62,743
Gross profit..................................profit................................... 27,888 29,228 28,129 26,795
Operating income..............................income............................... 6,252 6,993 6,398 5,505
Net income....................................income..................................... 4,371 4,671 4,683 3,438
Net income per share (basicshare--basic and diluted)...... $.49 $.53 $.53 $.39
1999
Net sales..................................... $62,439 $65,876 $69,667 $67,689
Gross profit.................................. 27,098 28,196 30,660 29,689
Operating income.............................. 4,975 6,401 7,939 7,966
Net income.................................... 2,998 3,803 4,264 4,586
Net income per share (basic and diluted)...... $.34 $.42 $.48 $.51diluted........ $ .49 $ .53 $ .53 $ .39
31Note 15--Subsequent Event (unaudited)
On March 1, 2002, the Company acquired certain assets and liabilities of
United Lubricants Corporation ("ULC") for approximately $14,000, subject to
post-closing adjustments. The Company is currently assessing the allocation of
the purchase price. Pro-forma results of operations have not been presented
because the effects were not material.
37
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure.
None.
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.
Incorporated by reference is the information beginning immediately following
the caption "Election"Item 1--Election of Directors" to, but not including, the caption
"Executive Compensation" containedDirectors and Nominee Biographies" in the
Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement to be filed no later than 120 days
after the close of its fiscal year ended December 31, 20002001 (the "2001"2002 Proxy
Statement") to, but not including, the caption "Compensation of Directors," the
information in the 2002 Proxy Statement beginning immediately following the
caption "Board Committee and Meeting Attendance" to, but not including, the
caption "Item 2--Ratification of Selection of Independent Accountants" and the
information appearing in Item 4(a) on pages 45 and 56 of this Report.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.
Based solely on the Company's review of certain reports filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (the "1934 Act"), as amended, and written representations
of the Company's officers and directors, the Company believes that, with one
exception, all reports required to be filed pursuant to Section 16(a) of the
1934 Act with respect to transactions in the Company's Common Stock through
December 31, 20002001 were filed on a timely basis. Mark A. Featherstone filed his
initial statement on Form 3 (which disclosed one grant of stock options) after
the required filing date.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
Incorporated by reference is the information beginning immediately following
the caption "Compensation of Directors" to, but not including, the caption
"Board Committee and Meeting Attendance" in the 2002 Proxy Statement and the
information beginning immediately following the caption "Executive
Compensation" to, but not including, the caption "Compensation/"Report of the
Compensation/Management Development Committee Report on Executive Compensation"
contained in the Registrant's 20012002 Proxy Statement.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.
Incorporated by reference is the information beginning immediately following
the caption "Security"Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" to,
but not including, the subcaption "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting
Compliance" contained in the Registrant's 20012002 Proxy Statement.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.
No information is required to be provided in response to this Item 13.
3238
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K.
(a) Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
1.Financial1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Page
----
Financial Statements:
Report of Independent Accountants.......................... 17
Consolidated Statement of Operations....................... 18
Consolidated Balance Sheet................................. 19
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows....................... 20
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity............. 21
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................. 22
2. Financial Statement Schedules
Schedule II--Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years 2000, 1999 and
1998 ....................................................................page 37
Schedule II--Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years 2001, 2000, and 1999..... page 43
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the
required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
Financial statements of 50% or less owned companies have been omitted
because none of the companies meets the criteria requiring inclusion of such
statements.
2.Exhibits3. Exhibits (numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K)
3(a) -- Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation dated July 16, 1990. Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3(a) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1996.
3(b) -- By-Laws as amended through May 6, 1998. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) as filed by
Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1998.
4 -- Shareholder Rights Plan dated February 7, 1990. Incorporated by
reference to Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant on February 20,
1990.
4(a) -- Shareholder Rights Plan dated March 6, 2000. Incorporated by reference to Form 8-K as filed by the
Registrant on March 7, 2000.
10(a) -- Long-Term Performance Incentive Plan as approved May 5, 1993. Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10(a) as filed by the Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1993.*
10(h) -- Documents constituting employment contract by and between Quaker
Chemical Europe B.V. and M. C. J. Meijer dated January 1, 1991.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(h) as filed by Registrant
with Form 10-K for the year 1993.*
10(i) -- Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and Ronald J. Naples dated August 14, 1995.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(i) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 1995.*
10(j) -- Amendment to the Stock Option Agreement dated October 2, 1995 by and between the Registrant and
Ronald J. Naples. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(j) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended September 30, 1995.*
10(k) -- Employment Agreement by and between Registrant and Jose Luiz Bregolato dated June 14, 1993.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(k) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1995.*
10(l) -- Employment Agreement by and between Registrant and Daniel S. Ma dated May 18, 1993.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(l) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1995.*
39
10(o) -- Amendment No. 1 to Employment Agreement dated January 1, 1997 by and between Registrant and
Ronald J. Naples. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(o) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K
for the year 1997.*
33
10(p) -- Amendment No. 1 to 1995 Naples Restricted Stock Plan and Agreement dated January 21, 1998 by
and between Registrant and Ronald J. Naples. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(p) as filed by
Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1997.*
10(q) -- Employment Agreement by and between Registrant and Joseph F. Virdone
dated July 17, 1996. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(q) as filed by
Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1997.*
10(r) -- Employment Agreement by and between Registrant and James A. Geier dated November 5, 1997.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(r) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1997.*
10(s) -- Employment Agreement by and between Registrant and Joseph W. Bauer dated March 9, 1998.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(s) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1997.*
10(t) -- Employment Agreement by and between Registrant and Ronald J. Naples dated March 11, 1999.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(t) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1998.*
10(u) -- Employment Agreement by and between Registrant and Michael F. Barry dated November 30, 1998.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(u) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1998.*
10(v) -- Employment Agreement by and between Registrant and Ian F. Clark dated March 15, 1999.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(v) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1998.*
10(w) -- Change in Control Agreement by and between Registrant and Joseph W. Bauer dated February 1,
1999. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(w) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year
1998.*
10(x) -- Change in Control Agreement by and between Registrant and Michael F. Barry dated November 30,
1998. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(x) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year
1998.*
10(y) -- Change in Control Agreement by and between Registrant and Jose Luiz Bregolato dated January 6,
1999. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(y) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the
year 1998.*
10(z) -- Change in Control Agreement by and between Registrant and James A. Geier dated January 15,
1999. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(z) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the
year 1998.*
10(aa) -- Change in Control Agreement by and between Registrant and Daniel S. Ma dated January 15, 1999.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(aa) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1998.*
10(bb) -- Change in Control Agreement by and between Registrant and
Joseph F. Virdone dated December 21, 1998. Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10(bb) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year
1998.*
10(cc) -- Change in Control Agreement by and between Registrant and Ian F.
Clark dated March 15, 1999. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10(cc) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1998.*
10(dd) -- 1999 Long-Term Performance Incentive Plan as approved May 12, 1999, effective January 1, 1999.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(dd) as filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the year 1999.*
34
10(ee) -- Employment Agreement by and between Registrant and Marcus
C. J. Meijer dated September 28, 1999. Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10(ee) as Filed by Registrant with Form 10-K for the
year 1999.*
10(ff) -- Deferred Compensation Plan as adopted by the Registrant dated December 17, 1999, effective July 1,
1997. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ff) as Filedfiled by Registrant with Form 10-K for the
year 1999.*
10(gg) -- Supplemental Retirement Income Program adopted by the Registrant on November 6, 1984, as
amended November 8, 1989. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(gg) as Filedfiled by Registrant with
Form 10-K for the year 1999.*
40
10(hh) -- 2001 Global Annual Incentive Plan as approved May 9, 2001, effective January 1, 2001.*
10(ii) -- 2001 Long-Term Performance Incentive Plan as approved May 9, 2001, effective January 1, 2001.*
10(jj) -- Agreement of Lease between Quaker Park Associates, L.P. and Quaker Chemical Corporation dated
December 19, 2000.
10(kk) -- Asset Purchase Agreement between United Lubricants Corporation and ULC Acquisition Corp. dated
January 23, 2002 as amended by Amendment to Purchase Asset Agreement dated February 28, 2002.
21 -- Subsidiaries and Affiliates of the Registrant.Registrant
23 -- Consent of Independent Accountants.Accountants
* This exhibit is a management contract or compensation plan or arrangement
required to be filed as an exhibit to this Report.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K.
No reports on Form 8-K were filed by the Registrant during the last quarter
of the period covered by this Report.
(c) The exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K filed as part of
this Report or incorporated herein by reference are listed in subparagraph
(a)(2) of this Item 14.
3541
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Quaker Chemical CorporationQUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
Registrant
/s/ RonaldBy: /S/ RONALD J. Naples
By: _________________________________NAPLES
-----------------------------------
Ronald J. Naples
Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer
Date: March 21, 200113, 2002
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signatures Capacity Date
---------- -------- ----
/s/ Ronald/S/ RONALD J. NaplesNAPLES Principal Executive Officer March 21, 2001
______________________________________13, 2002
---------------------------------- and Director
Ronald J. Naples
Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer
/s/ Michael/S/ MICHAEL F. BarryBARRY Principal Financial Officer March 21, 2001
______________________________________13, 2002
----------------------------------
Michael F. Barry
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
/s/ Maureen N. Moyer/S/ MARK A. FEATHERSTONE Principal Accounting Officer March 21, 2001
______________________________________
Maureen N. Moyer13, 2002
----------------------------------
Mark A. Featherstone
Global Controller
/s//S/ JOSEPH B. ANDERSON, JR. Director March 13, 2002
----------------------------------
Joseph B. Anderson, Jr.
---------------------------------- Director March 21, 2001
______________________________________
Joseph B. Anderson, Jr.
/s/, 2002
Patricia C. Barron
/S/ PETER A. BENOLIEL Director March 21, 2001
______________________________________
Patricia C. Barron
/s/13, 2002
----------------------------------
Peter A. Benoliel
/S/ DONALD R. CALDWELL Director March 21, 2001
______________________________________
Peter A. Benoliel
/s/13, 2002
----------------------------------
Donald R. Caldwell
---------------------------------- Director March 21, 2001
______________________________________
Donald R. Caldwell
Director March 21, 2001
______________________________________, 2002
Robert E. Chappell
/s//S/ WILLIAM R. COOK Director March 13, 2002
----------------------------------
William R. Cook
/S/ EDWIN J. DELATTRE Director March 21, 2001
______________________________________
William R. Cook
Director March 21, 2001
______________________________________13, 2002
----------------------------------
Edwin J. Delattre
/s//S/ ROBERT P. HAUPTFUHRER Director March 13, 2002
----------------------------------
Robert P. Hauptfuhrer
/S/ ROBERT H. ROCK Director March 21, 2001
______________________________________
Robert P. Hauptfuhrer
/s/ Robert H. Rock Director March 21, 2001
______________________________________13, 2002
----------------------------------
Robert H. Rock
3642
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
SCHEDULE II--VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Charged Effect of
Balance Charged at to Costs Write-Offs Effect ofExchange Balance
Beginning and Charged to Exchange Rate at End
of Period Expenses Allowance Changes of Period
------------------- -------- ---------- ---------------------- ---------
(Dollars in thousands)
ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
Year ended December 31, 20002001... $2,960 $2,472 $ (218) $ (59) $5,155
Year ended December 31, 2000... $1,133 $1,971 $ (106) $ (38) $2,960
Year ended December 31, 19991999... $2,004 $ 681 $(1,339) $(213) $1,133
Year ended December 31, 1998 $1,710 $ 355 $ (177) $ 116 $2,004681 $(1,339) $(213) $1,133
3743
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
No. Description
---------- -----------
10(hh) 2001 Global Annual Incentive Plan as approved May 9, 2001, effective January 1, 2001.
10(ii) 2001 Long-Term Performance Incentive Plan as approved May 9, 2001, effective January 1, 2001.
10(jj) Agreement of Lease between Quaker Park Associates, L.P. and Quaker Chemical Corporation dated
December 19, 2000.
10(kk) Asset Purchase Agreement between United Lubricants Corporation and ULC Acquisition Corp. dated
January 23, 2002 as amended by Amendment to Purchase Asset Agreement dated February 28,
2002.
21 Subsidiaries and Affiliates of the Registrant
23 Consent of Independent Accountants
38