Table of Contents

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Form 10-K10–K

 

xANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20172020

 

OR

 

oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from to .

 

Commission File Number: 001-35512

 

MIDSTATES PETROLEUM COMPANY, INC.AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

45-369181682-1326219

(State or other jurisdiction of

(I.R.S. Employer

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

500 Dallas Street, Suite 1700, Houston, TX

 

321 South Boston Avenue, Suite 1000

Tulsa, Oklahoma

7410377002

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (918) 947-8550(713) 490-8900

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Common stock, $0.01 par value

New York Stock Exchange

(Title of each class)

(Name of each exchange on which registered)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock

AMPY

NYSE

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-knownwell–known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes  o    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes  o    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  x    No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes  x    No  o

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III or any amendment to the Form 10-K x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,”company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-212b–2 of the Exchange Act. Check one:

Large accelerated filero

Accelerated filer x

Non-accelerated filer o

Smaller reporting company o

Emerging growth company o

 

(Do not check if a

  

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

 

 

smaller reporting company)

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  o    No  x

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s Common Stockvoting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $146.8$33.2 million based upon the closing price of such stock on June 30, 2017,2020, based on $1.23 per share, the last business dayreported sales price of the shares on the New York Stock Exchange on such date.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13, or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes     No  

As of February 26, 2021, the registrant had 37,943,167 outstanding shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share.

Documents Incorporated By Reference: Portions of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, of $12.67 per share.

The number of shares outstanding of our stock at March 8, 2018 is shown below:

Class

Number of shares outstanding

Common stock, $0.01 par value

25,153,381

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. for theproxy statement relating to its 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held in June 2018,Stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year,December 31, 2020, are incorporated by reference intoto the extent set forth in Part III, Items 10-14 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

Page

PART I

Item 1.

Business

10

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

32

Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments

46

Item 2.

Properties

46

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

47

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

47

PART II

Item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

48

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

48

Item 7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

49

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

62

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

62

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

62

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures

63

Item 9B.

Other Information

63

PART III

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

64

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

64

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

64

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

64

Item 14.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

64

PART IV

Item 15.

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

65

Item 16.

Form 10-K Summary

68

Signatures

69

 



Table of Contents

 

MIDSTATES PETROLEUM COMPANY, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Item

 

 

Page

 

 

PART I

 

1.

 

BUSINESS

6

1A.

 

RISK FACTORS

21

1B.

 

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

36

2.

 

PROPERTIES

36

3.

 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

36

4.

 

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

36

 

 

PART II

 

5.

 

MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

37

6.

 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

39

7.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

42

7A.

 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

67

8.

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

68

9.

 

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

68

9A.

 

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

68

9B.

 

OTHER INFORMATION

70

 

 

PART III

 

10.

 

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

71

11.

 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

71

12.

 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

71

13.

 

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

71

14.

 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

71

 

 

PART IV

 

15.

 

EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

72

16.

 

FORM 10-K SUMMARY

74

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS


 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this annual report are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements regarding our strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and income/loss, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management. When used in this annual report, the words “could,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,” “may,” “continue,” “predict,” “potential,” “project” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words.

Forward-looking statements may include statements about our:

·                  business strategy, including our business strategy post-emergence from our Chapter 11 cases (the “Chapter 11 Cases”);

·                  estimated future net reserves and present value thereof;

·                  technology;

·                  financial condition, revenues, cash flows and expenses;

·                  levels of indebtedness, liquidity, borrowing capacity and compliance with debt covenants;

·                  financial strategy, budget, projections and operating results;

·                  oil and natural gas realized prices;

·                  timing and amount of future production of oil and natural gas;

·                  availability of drilling and production equipment;

·                  the amount, nature and timing of capital expenditures, including future development costs;

·                  availability of oilfield labor;

·                  availability of third party natural gas gathering and processing capacity;

·                  availability and terms of capital;

·                  drilling of wells, including our identified drilling locations;

·                  successful results from our identified drilling locations;

·                  marketing of oil and natural gas;

·                  the integration and benefits of asset and property acquisitions or the effects of asset and property acquisitions or dispositions on our cash position and levels of indebtedness;

·                  infrastructure for salt water disposal and electricity;

·                  current and future ability to dispose of salt water;

·                  sources of electricity utilized in operations and the related infrastructures;

·                  costs of developing our properties and conducting other operations;

·                  general economic conditions;

·                  effectiveness of our risk management activities;

·                  environmental liabilities;

·                  counterparty credit risk;

·                  the outcome of pending and future litigation;

·                  governmental regulation and taxation of the oil and natural gas industry;

·                  developments in oil and natural gas producing countries;

·                  new capital structure;

·                  uncertainty regarding our future operating results; and

·                  plans, objectives, expectations and intentions contained in this annual report that are not historical.

All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this annual report. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by the forward-looking statements we make in this annual report are reasonable, we can give no assurance that these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved or occur, and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. We disclose important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our expectations under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report.

These factors include:

·                  variations in the market demand for, and prices of, oil, natural gas liquids (“NGLs”) and natural gas;

·                  uncertainties about our estimated quantities of oil and natural gas reserves;

·                  the adequacy of our capital resources and liquidity including, but not limited to, access to additional borrowing capacity under our reserves based revolving credit facility (the “Exit Facility”);

·                  access to capital and general economic and business conditions;

·                  uncertainties about our ability to replace reserves and economically develop our current reserves;

·                  risks in connection with acquisitions;

·                  risks related to the concentration of our operations onshore in Oklahoma and Texas;

·                  drilling results;

·                  the potential adoption of new governmental regulations, including future regulations regarding the disposal of salt water; and

·                  our ability to satisfy future cash obligations and environmental costs.

These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.

Reserve engineering is a process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that cannot be measured in an exact way. The accuracy of any reserves estimate depends on the quality of available data (including geoscience and engineering data), the interpretation of such data and price and cost assumptions made by our reserve engineers. In addition, the results of drilling, testing and production activities may justify revisions of estimates that were made previously. If significant, such revisions would change the schedule of any future production and development drilling. Accordingly, reserve estimates may differ from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered.

GLOSSARY OF OIL AND NATURAL GAS TERMS

3-D seismic: Geophysical data that depict the subsurface strata in three dimensions. 3-D seismic typically provides a more detailed and accurate interpretation of the subsurface strata than 2-D, or two-dimensional, seismic.

Bbl:Analogous Reservoir: Analogous reservoirs, as used in resource assessments, have similar rock and fluid properties, reservoir conditions (depth, temperature and pressure) and drive mechanisms, but are typically at a more advanced stage of development than the reservoir of interest and thus may provide concepts to assist in the interpretation of more limited data and estimation of recovery. When used to support proved reserves, analogous reservoir refers to a reservoir that shares all of the following characteristics with the reservoir of interest: (i) the same geological formation (but not necessarily in pressure communication with the reservoir of interest); (ii) the same environment of deposition; (iii) similar geologic structure; and (iv) the same drive mechanism.

API Gravity: A system of classifying oil based on its specific gravity, whereby the greater the gravity, the lighter the oil.

Basin: A large depression on the earth’s surface in which sediments accumulate.

Bbl: One stock tank barrel, ofor 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used herein in reference to oil condensate or natural gas liquids.other liquid hydrocarbons.

Bbl/d: One Bbl per day.

Boe:  Barrels of oil equivalent, with 6,000Bcfe: One billion cubic feet of natural gas being equivalent to oneequivalent.

Boe: One barrel of oil.

Boe/day:  Barrels of oil equivalent, per day.

Completion:  The processcalculated by converting natural gas to oil equivalent barrels at a ratio of treating a drilled well followed by the installation of permanent equipment for the productionsix Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil.

Boe/d: One Boe per day.

BOEM: Bureau of Ocean Energy Management.

BSEE: Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement.

Btu: One British thermal unit, the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a one-pound mass of water by one-degree Fahrenheit.

Deterministic Estimate: The method of estimating reserves or resources is called deterministic when a single value for each parameter (from the geoscience, engineering or economic data) in the reserves calculation is used in the reserves estimation procedure.

Developed Acreage: The number of acres which are allocated or assignable to producing wells or wells capable of production.

Development Project: A development project is the means by which petroleum resources are brought to the status of economically producible. As examples, the development of a single reservoir or field, an incremental development in a producing field or the integrated development of a group of several fields and associated facilities with a common ownership may constitute a development project.

Development Well: A well drilled within the proved area of an oil or natural gas reservoir to the depth of a stratigraphic horizon known to be productive.

Differential: An adjustment to the price of oil or natural gas from an established spot market price to reflect differences in the casequality and/or location of a dry hole, the reporting of abandonment to the appropriate agency.oil or natural gas.

Dry hole:Hole or Dry Well: A well found to be incapable of producing hydrocarbons in sufficient quantities such that proceeds from the sale of such production do notwould exceed production expenses and taxes.

Economically Producible: The term economically producible, as it relates to a resource, means a resource which generates revenue that exceeds, or is reasonably expected to exceed, the costs of the operation. For this determination, the value of the products that generate revenue are determined at the terminal point of oil and natural gas producing activities.

Estimated Ultimate Recovery: Estimated ultimate recovery is the sum of reserves remaining as of a given date and cumulative production as of that date.

Exploitation: A development or other project which may target proven or unproven reserves (such as probable or possible reserves), but which generally has a lower risk than that associated with exploration projects.

Exploratory well:Well: A well drilled to find a new field orand produce oil and natural gas reserves not classified as proved, to find a new reservoir in a field previously found to be productive of oil or natural gas or oil in another reservoir or to extend a known reservoir.

Field: An area consisting of a single reservoir or multiple reservoirs, all grouped on or related to the same individual geological structural feature and/or stratigraphic condition. The field name refers to the surface area, although it may refer to both the surface and the underground productive formations.

Gross Acres or Gross Wells: The total acres or wells, as the case may be, in which we have working interest.

ICE: Inter-Continental Exchange.

1


MBbl: One thousand Bbls.

MBbls/d: One thousand Bbls per day.

MBoe: One thousand barrels of oil equivalent.

MBoe/d: One thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day.

MMBoe:One million barrels of oil equivalent.

Mcf: One thousand cubic feet of natural gas.

MMBtu:MMBtu: One million British thermal units.

MMcf: One million cubic feet of natural gas.

MMcfe: One million cubic feet of natural gas equivalent.

MMcfe/d: One MMcfe per day.

Net acres:  The percentage of total acres an owner has out of a particular number ofAcres or Net Wells: Gross acres or a specified tract.wells, as the case may be, multiplied by our working interest ownership percentage.

Net Production: Production that is owned by us less royalties and production due others.

NYMEX:Net Revenue Interest: A working interest owner’s gross working interest in production less the royalty, overriding royalty, production payment and net profits interests.

NGLs: The combination of ethane, propane, butane and natural gasolines that when removed from natural gas become liquid under various levels of higher pressure and lower temperature.

NYMEX: New York Mercantile Exchange.

Oil: Oil and condensate.

Operator: The individual or company responsible for the exploration and/or production of an oil or natural gas well or lease.

Plugging and abandonment: Refers to the sealing off of fluids in the strata penetrated by a well so that the fluids from one stratum will not escape into another stratum or to the surface. Regulations of all states require plugging of abandoned wells.

Present value of future net revenues or PV-9: The estimated future gross revenue to be generated from the production of proved reserves, net of estimated production and future development and abandonment costs, using prices and costs in effect at the determination date, before income taxes, and without giving effect to non-property-related expenses, discounted to a present value using an annual discount rate of 9% in accordance with the guidelines of the U.S. Securities Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

Present value of future net revenues or PV-10: The estimated future gross revenue to be generated from the production of proved reserves, net of estimated production and future development and abandonment costs, using prices and costs in effect at the determination date, before income taxes, and without giving effect to non-property-related expenses, discounted to a present value using an annual discount rate of 10% in accordance with the guidelines of the SEC.

Probabilistic Estimate: The method of estimation of reserves or resources is called probabilistic when the full range of values that could reasonably occur for each unknown parameter (from the geoscience and engineering data) is used to generate a full range of possible outcomes and their associated probabilities of occurrences.

Productive Well: A well that produces commercial quantities of hydrocarbons, exclusive of its capacity to produce at a reasonable rate of return.

Proved reserves:Developed Reserves: Proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered from existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods.

2


Proved Reserves: Those quantities of oil and natural gas, which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible—producible, from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under existing economic conditions, operating methods and government regulations—regulations, prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to drill or operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation. The project to extract the hydrocarbons must have commenced, or the operator must be reasonably certain that it will commence the project, within a reasonable time. The area of the reservoir considered as proved includes (i) the area identified by drilling and limited by fluid contacts, if any, and (ii) adjacent undrilled portions of the reservoir that can, with reasonable certainty, be judged to be continuous with it and to contain economically producible oil or natural gas on the basis of available geoscience and engineering data. In the absence of data on fluid contacts, proved quantities in a reservoir are limited by the lowest known hydrocarbons, as seen in a well penetration, unless geoscience, engineering or performance data and reliable technology establishes a lower contact with reasonable certainty. Where direct observation from well penetrations has defined a highest known oil elevation and the potential exists for an associated natural gas cap, proved oil reserves may be assigned in the structurally higher portions of the reservoir only if geoscience, engineering, or performance data and reliable technology establish the higher contact with reasonable certainty. Reserves which can be produced economically through application of improved recovery techniques (including but not limited to, fluid injection) are included in the proved classification when (i) successful testing by a pilot project in an area of the reservoir with properties no more favorable than in the reservoir as a whole, the operation of an installed program in the reservoir, or an analogous reservoir or other evidence using reliable technology establishes the reasonable certainty of the engineering analysis on which the project or program was based; and (ii) the project has been approved for development by all necessary parties and entities, including governmental entities. Existing economic conditions include prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined. The price used is the average price during the 12-monthtwelve-month period prior to the ending date of the period covered by the report, determined as an unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within such period, unless prices are defined by contractual arrangements, excluding escalations based upon future conditions.

Proved Undeveloped Reserves: Proved oil and natural gas reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Reserves on undrilled acreage are limited to those drilling units offsetting productive units that are reasonably certain of production when drilled. Proved reserves for other undrilled units can be claimed only where it can be demonstrated with certainty that there is continuity of production from the existing productive formation. Under no circumstances should estimates for proved undeveloped reserves be attributable to any acreage for which an application of fluid injection or other improved recovery technique is contemplated unless such techniques have been proved effective by actual tests in the area and in the same reservoir.

Reasonable certainty:  A high degreeRealized Price: The cash market price less all expected quality, transportation and demand adjustments.

Recompletion: The completion for production of confidence.

Recompletion:  The process of re-entering an existing wellbore in another formation from that which the well has been previously completed.

Reliable Technology: Reliable technology is either producinga grouping of one or not producingmore technologies (including computational methods) that has been field-tested and completing new reservoirshas been demonstrated to provide reasonably certain results with consistency and repeatability in the formation being evaluated or in an attemptanalogous formation.

Reserve Life: A measure of the productive life of an oil and natural gas property or a group of properties, expressed in years. Reserve life is calculated by dividing proved reserve volumes at year end by production volumes. In our calculation of reserve life, production volumes are adjusted, if necessary, to establish, re-establishing, or increase existing production.reflect property acquisitions and dispositions.

Reserves:  EstimatedReserves: Reserves are estimated remaining quantities of oil and natural gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations. In addition, there must exist, or there must be a reasonable expectation that there will exist, the legal right to produce or a revenue interest in the production, installed means of delivering oil and natural gas or related substances to market and all permits and financing required to implement the project. Reserves should not be assigned to adjacent reservoirs isolated by major, potentially sealing, faults until those reservoirs are penetrated and evaluated as economically producible. Reserves should not be assigned to areas that are clearly separated from a known accumulation by a non-productive reservoir (i.e., absence of reservoir, structurally low reservoir or negative test results). Such areas may contain prospective resources (i.e., potentially recoverable resources from undiscovered accumulations).

Reservoir:Reservoir: A porous and permeable underground formation containing a natural accumulation of producible oil and/or natural gas that is confined by impermeable rock or water barriers and is individual and separate from other reservoirs.reserves.

Resources: Resources are quantities of oil and natural gas estimated to exist in naturally occurring accumulations. A portion of the resources may be estimated to be recoverable and another portion may be considered unrecoverable. Resources include both discovered and undiscovered accumulations.

SpudSpacing: The distance between wells producing from the same reservoir. Spacing is often expressed in terms of acres (e.g., 40-acre spacing) and is often established by regulatory agencies.

3


Standardized Measure: The present value of estimated future net revenue to be generated from the production of proved reserves, determined in accordance with the rules, regulations or Spudding:  The commencementstandards established by the SEC and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) (using prices and costs in effect as of drilling operationsthe date of estimation), less future development, production and income tax expenses and discounted at 10% per annum to reflect the timing of future net revenue. Future income taxes, if applicable, are computed by applying the statutory tax rate to the excess of pre-tax cash inflows over our tax basis in our oil and natural gas properties. Standardized measure does not give effect to derivative transactions.

Undeveloped Acreage: Lease acreage on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a new well.point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil and natural gas regardless of whether such acreage contains proved reserves.

Wellbore:Wellbore: The hole drilled by the bit that is equipped for oil or natural gas production on a completed well. Also called well or borehole.

Working interest:  TheInterest: An interest in an oil and natural gas lease that gives the owner of the interest the right granted to the lessee of a property to exploredrill for and to produce oil and own oil, natural gas or other minerals. The working interest owners bearon the exploration, development,leased acreage and operatinggenerally requires the owner to pay a share of the costs of drilling and production operations.

Workover: Operations on a cash, penalty,producing well to restore or carried basis.

PART Iincrease production.

WTI: West Texas Intermediate.

ITEM 1.  BUSINESS4


NAMES OF ENTITIES

As used in this Form 10-K, unless we indicate otherwise:

“Amplify Energy” “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us,” or like terms refers to Amplify Energy Corp. (f/k/a Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc.) individually and collectively with its subsidiaries, as the context requires;

“Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or like terms refers to Amplify Energy Corp. for periods presented after the effective date of the Merger (as defined below) and to Legacy Amplify for periods presented prior to effective date of the Merger;

“Legacy Amplify” refers to Amplify Energy Holding LLC (f/k/a Amplify Energy Corp.), the successor reporting Company of Memorial Production Partners LP, which is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Amplify Energy Corp.;

“Midstates” refers to Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., which on the effective date of the Merger (as defined below) changed its name to “Amplify Energy Corp.”; and

“OLLC” refers to Amplify Energy Operating LLC, our wholly owned subsidiary through which we operate our properties.


FORWARD–LOOKING STATEMENTS

General

Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. is an independent exploration and production company focused on the application of modern drilling and completion techniques in oil and liquids-rich basins in the onshore United States. Our operations are concentrated in Oklahoma and Texas, with our corporate headquarters located in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. was incorporated pursuant to the laws of the State of Delaware on October 25, 2011 to become a holding company for Midstates Petroleum Company LLC (“Midstates Sub” or “Debtor Affiliate”). In thisThis Annual Report referenceson Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that are subject to “Company,a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which may include statements about our:

business strategies;

acquisition and disposition strategy;

cash flows and liquidity;

financial strategy;

ability to replace the reserves we produce through drilling;

drilling locations;

oil and natural gas reserves;

technology;

realized oil, natural gas and NGL prices;

production volumes;

lease operating expense;

gathering, processing and transportation;

general and administrative expense;

future operating results;

ability to procure drilling and production equipment;

ability to procure oil field labor;

planned capital expenditures and the availability of capital resources to fund capital expenditures;

ability to access capital markets;

marketing of oil, natural gas and NGLs;

acts of God, fires, earthquakes, storms, floods, other adverse weather conditions, war, acts of terrorism, military operations or national emergency;

the occurrence or threat of epidemic or pandemic diseases, such as the ongoing novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, or any government response to such occurrence or threat;

expectations regarding general economic conditions;

competition in the oil and natural gas industry;

effectiveness of risk management activities;

environmental liabilities;

counterparty credit risk;

expectations regarding governmental regulation and taxation;

expectations regarding developments in oil-producing and natural-gas producing countries; and

plans, objectives, expectations and intentions.


All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included in this report are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements may be found in “Item 1. Business,“we,“Item 1A. Risk Factors,“us,” “our,”“Item 7. Management’s Discussion and “Midstates” when used in the present tense, prospectively or for historical periods, refer to Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc.Analysis of Financial Condition and its wholly owned subsidiary.

On April 30, 2016, we filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11Results of the United States Bankruptcy Code. On October 21, 2016, in connection with our emergence from Chapter 11, our existing common shares were cancelled and on October 24, 2016, our new common shares issued in connection with our successful reorganization and emergence from Chapter 11 were listed and began trading on the NYSE MKT under the symbol “MPO”. Our common stock began trading on the NYSE under the symbol “MPO” beginning on May 4, 2017. We currently lease office space in Tulsa, Oklahoma at 321 South Boston Avenue, Suite 1000, where our principal offices are located. The lease for our Tulsa office expires in 2026. We also lease one field office in Dacoma, Oklahoma and one in Perryton, Texas. As of December 31, 2017, we had 129 employees.

We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statementsOperations” and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). You may read and copy any documents filed by us with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our filings with the SEC are also available to the public from commercial document retrieval services and at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

We also make available on our website (http://www.midstatespetroleum.com) all of the documents that we file with the SEC, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with the SEC. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, Corporate Governance Guidelines, Financial Code of Ethics, and the charters of our audit committee, compensation committee and nominating and governance committee are also available on our website and in print free of charge to any stockholder who requests them. Requests should be sent by mail to 321 South Boston Avenue, Suite 1000; Tulsa, Oklahoma 74103, attention Vice President — General Counsel. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference intoitems within this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “project,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “pursue,” “target,” “outlook,” “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. These statements address activities, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will or may occur in the future, including things such as projections of results of operations, plans for growth, goals, future capital expenditures, competitive strengths, references to future intentions and other such references. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Important factors that could cause our actual results or financial condition to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following risks and uncertainties:

our results of evaluation and implementation of strategic alternatives;

risks related to a redetermination of the borrowing base under our senior secured reserve-based revolving credit facility;

our ability to access funds on acceptable terms, if at all, because of the terms and conditions governing our indebtedness, including financial covenants;

our ability to satisfy our debt obligations;

volatility in the prices for oil, natural gas and NGLs, including further or sustained declines in commodity prices;

the potential for additional impairments due to continuing or future declines in oil, natural gas and NGL prices;

the uncertainty inherent in estimating quantities of oil, natural gas and NGL reserves;

our substantial future capital requirements, which may be subject to limited availability of financing;

the uncertainty inherent in the development and production of oil and natural gas;

our need to make accretive acquisitions or substantial capital expenditures to maintain our declining asset base;

the existence of unanticipated liabilities or problems relating to acquired or divested businesses or properties;

potential acquisitions, including our ability to make acquisitions on favorable terms or to integrate acquired properties;

the consequences of changes we have made, or may make from time to time in the future, to our capital expenditure budget, including the impact of those changes on our production levels, reserves, results of operations and liquidity;

potential shortages of, or increased costs for, drilling and production equipment and supply materials for production, such as CO2;

potential difficulties in the marketing of oil and natural gas;

changes to the financial condition of counterparties;

uncertainties surrounding the success of our secondary and tertiary recovery efforts;

competition in the oil and natural gas industry;

general political and economic conditions, globally and in the jurisdictions in which we operate;

the impact of climate change and natural disasters, such as earthquakes, tidal waves, mudslides, fire and floods;

the impact of legislation and governmental regulations, including those related to climate change and hydraulic fracturing;

the risk that our hedging strategy may be ineffective or may reduce our income;

the cost and availability of insurance as well as operating risks that may not be covered by an effective indemnity or insurance;

actions of third-party co-owners of interest in properties in which we also own an interest; and

other risks and uncertainties described in “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”


The forward-looking statements contained in this report are largely based on our expectations, which reflect estimates and assumptions made by our management. These estimates and assumptions reflect our best judgment based on currently known market conditions and other factors. Although we believe such estimates and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently uncertain and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that are beyond our control. In addition, management’s assumptions about future events may prove to be inaccurate. All readers are cautioned that the forward-looking statements contained in this report are not guarantees of future performance and we cannot assure any reader that such statements will be realized or that the events or circumstances described in any forward-looking statement will occur. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements due to factors described in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this report. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. We will disclosedo not intend to update or revise any amendmentsforward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or waiversotherwise. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.

8


RISK FACTOR SUMMARY

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those highlighted in this section titled “Risk Factors” and summarized below. We have various categories of risks, including risks related to our Codebusiness and industry, risks related to information technology, data security and privacy, risks related to legal, regulatory, accounting, and tax matters, risks related to our Common Stock, and risks related to our Revolving Credit Facility, which are discussed more fully below. As a result, this risk factor summary does not contain all of Ethics on our website.the information that may be important to you, and you should read this risk factor summary together with the more detailed discussion of risks and uncertainties set forth following this section under the heading “Risk Factors,” as well as elsewhere in this Annual Report. These risks include, but are not limited to, the following:

Oil, natural gas and NGL prices are volatile, due to factors beyond our control, and greatly affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Any decline in, or sustained low levels of oil, natural gas and NGL prices will cause a decline in our cash flow from operations, which could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

If commodity prices decline further or remain depressed for a prolonged period, a significant portion of our development projects may become uneconomic and cause further write downs of the value of our oil and natural gas properties, which may adversely affect our financial condition and our ability to fund our operations.

The oversupply of oil and natural gas and lower demand caused by COVID-19 pandemic, the failure of oil producing countries to sufficiently curtail production and general global economic instability may result in transportation and storage constraints, reduced production or the shut-in of our producing wells, any of which would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business operations, financial position, results of operations, and cash flows have been and may be adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

We may be unable to maintain compliance with the covenants in the Revolving Credit Facility, which could result in an event of default thereunder that, if not cured or waived, would have a material adverse effect on our business.

Restrictive covenants in our Revolving Credit Facility could limit our growth and our ability to finance our operations, fund our capital needs, respond to changing conditions and engage in other business activities that may be in our best interests.

Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risks, which could cause our debt service obligation to increase significantly.

Our estimated reserves and future production rates are based on many assumptions that may turn out to be inaccurate. Any material inaccuracies in our reserve estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the quantities and present value of our estimated reserves.

The failure to replace our proved oil and natural gas reserves could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations production and cash flows.

Many of our properties are in areas that may have been partially depleted or drained by offset wells.

Our expectations for future development activities are planned to be realized over several years, making them susceptible to uncertainties that could materially alter the occurrence or timing of such activities.

The inability of our significant customers to meet their obligations to us may adversely affect our financial results.

We are subject to complex federal, state, local and other laws and regulations that could adversely affect the cost, manner or feasibility of conducting our operations.

We are currently out of compliance with the NYSE minimum market capitalization requirement and are at risk of the NYSE delisting our Common Stock, which would have an adverse impact on the trading volume, liquidity and market price of our Common Stock.

 

Business Strategy

9


PART I

ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

References

Our goal is to grow shareholder value through optimized capital investments and generation of free cash flow. To achieve these objectives, we strive to:

·                  Operate in a safe and environmentally responsible manner;

·                  Maximize our return on capital deployed by utilizing our extensive technical and operating experience in our core areas of operations to focus on identifying opportunities to achieve the best rate of return and the highest probability of success;

·                  Maintain a best in class cost structure to maximize the cash flow margin of our production;

·                  Prioritize free cash flow generation over production growth. Strive towards the optimum balance between free cash flow generation and sustaining inventory for future investment. We will optimize free cash flow generation by focused capital investments, optimizing our base production, and maintaining a low-cost structure; and

·                  Maintain maximum optionality by maintaining low net debt, balancing shareholder cash returns with replenishing inventory, and evaluating strategic alternatives within and outside of our current asset base.

Our balance sheet and strong liquidity position provide us with significant resources to develop our multi-year drilling inventory and judiciously expand our core acreage positions. For 2018, we intend to opportunistically achieve the best return on investments by optimizing our drilling and completion design, focusing on minimizing well down time and optimizing well productivities while maintaining both capital discipline and a low-cost structure.

Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization

On April 30, 2016 (the “Petition Date”), we filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas (the “Bankruptcy Court”). Our Chapter 11 cases (the “Chapter 11 Cases”) were jointly administered under the case styled In reAugust 6, 2019, Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., et al., Case No. 16-32237. On September 28, 2016, the Bankruptcy Court entered the Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law, and Order Confirming Debtors’ First Amended Joint Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and its Debtor Affiliate (the “Confirmation Order”a Delaware corporation (“Midstates”), which approved and confirmed the First Amended Joint Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. andcompleted its Debtor Affiliate as filed on the same datebusiness combination (the “Plan”“Merger”). On October 21, 2016 (the “Effective Date” with Amplify Energy Corp., a Delaware corporation (“Legacy Amplify”), we satisfied the conditions to effectiveness set forth in the Confirmation Order and in the Plan, the Plan became effective in accordance with the terms of that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated May 5, 2019 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Midstates, Legacy Amplify and Midstates Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation and direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Midstates (“Merger Sub”). Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub merged with and into Legacy Amplify, with Legacy Amplify surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Midstates, and immediately following the Merger, Legacy Amplify merged with and into Alpha Mike Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of Midstates (“LLC Sub”), with LLC Sub surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of Midstates. On the effective date of the Merger, Midstates changed its termsname to “Amplify Energy Corp.” (the “Company”) and we emerged fromLLC Sub changed its name to “Amplify Energy Holdings LLC.”

For financial reporting purposes, the Chapter 11 Cases. Further information is set forth in “—Note 2. Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11 Proceedings”Merger represented a “reverse merger” and Legacy Amplify was deemed to be the accounting acquirer in the Notestransaction. Legacy Amplify’s historical results of operations replaced Midstates’ historical results of operations for all periods prior to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forthMerger and, for all periods following the Merger, the Company’s financial statements reflect the results of operations of the combined company. Accordingly, the financial statements for the Company included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report for periods prior to the Merger are not the same as Midstates prior reported filings with the SEC, which were derived from the operations of Midstates. The results of any one quarter should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance.

When referring to Legacy Amplify, the intent is to refer to Amplify Energy Corp. prior to the Merger, and its consolidated subsidiaries as a whole or on Form 10-K.

Upon our emergencean individual basis, depending on the Effective Date, we adopted fresh start accounting as required by United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”). We qualified for fresh start accounting because (i)context in which the holdersstatements are made. Legacy Amplify is the successor reporting company of existing voting sharesMemorial Production Partners LP pursuant to Rule 15d-5 of the pre-emergence debtor-in-possession received less than 50%Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).

Overview

Amplify Energy is an independent oil and natural gas company engaged in the acquisition, development, exploitation and production of oil and natural gas properties. Our management evaluates performance based on one reportable business segment, as the economic environments are not different within the operation of our oil and natural gas properties. Our business activities are conducted through OLLC, our wholly owned subsidiary, and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Our assets consist primarily of producing oil and natural gas properties located in Oklahoma, the Rockies, federal waters offshore Southern California, East Texas/North Louisiana, and Eagle Ford. Most of our oil and natural gas properties are located in large, mature oil and natural gas reservoirs.

The Company’s properties consist primarily of operated and non-operated working interests in producing and undeveloped leasehold acreage and working interests in identified producing wells. As of December 31, 2020:

Our total estimated proved reserves were approximately 113.8 MMBoe, of which approximately 41% were oil and 85% were classified as proved developed reserves;

We produced from 2,448 gross (1,354 net) producing wells across our properties, with an average working interest of 55% and the Company is the operator of record of the properties containing 92% of our total estimated proved reserves; and

Our average net production for the three months ended December 31, 2020 was 26.3 MBoe/d, implying a reserve-to-production ratio of approximately 12 years.

Industry Trends

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a global pandemic related to the proliferation of COVID-19. The impact of COVID-19 and efforts to mitigate its spread have caused significant volatility in U.S. and international markets and a substantial reduction in global and domestic demand for oil and natural gas. Actions by governmental authorities to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, such as imposing mandatory closures of all non-essential business facilities, seeking voluntary closures of business facilities, and imposing restrictions on, or advisories with respect to, travel, business operations and public gatherings or interactions, have further exacerbated the economic impact of the voting shares of the post-emergence successor entity and (ii) the reorganization value of our assets immediately prior to confirmation was less than the post-petition liabilities and allowed claims. We applied fresh start accounting as of October 21, 2016. Adopting fresh start accounting results in a new reporting entity for financial reporting purposes with no beginning retained earnings or deficit. The cancellation of all existing shares outstanding on the Effective Date and issuance of new shares in the reorganized Company caused a related change of control under US GAAP. pandemic.

As a result of the applicationpandemic, there has also been a sharp reduction in the demand for oil and natural gas and a precipitous decline in commodity prices, which were further impacted by disputes over production levels among oil-producing countries, the significant increase in production levels by such countries and limited storage capacity for natural gas, oil and refined products.

10


In response to the unprecedented and extremely low commodity prices, the Company executed several liquidity enhancement initiatives to better position the Company through the downturn, including significant decreases to operating and G&A expenses, substantial reductions to capital programs, the monetization of fresh start accounting,a portion of the Company’s 2021 in-the-money crude oil hedges, the receipt of loan proceeds from the federal government’s Paycheck Protection Program, royalty relief at the Company’s Beta Properties (defined below) and the suspension of the quarterly dividend, among other things. The successful realization and execution of our liquidity enhancing initiatives, coupled with a disciplined commodity hedging program, have substantially mitigated the impact of the pandemic on the Company’s operational and financial results and demonstrated the sustainable value of our long-lived, low-decline assets.

Despite the gradual recovery in commodity prices in the second half of 2020 and the expectation of a successful phased rollout of a vaccine in 2021, we have continued our commitment to operating in a disciplined, capital efficient manner, and we remain committed to the responsible stewardship of our assets and to continue focusing on maximizing cash flows, further reducing debt, delivering low-cost capital efficient operations, and generating shareholder value. We will continue to monitor developments regarding the pandemic, the distribution of the vaccination and changes in market conditions as wellwe pursue our business and strategic objectives.

Recent Developments

Appointment of Chief Executive Officer and Director

On January 19, 2021, the Company appointed Mr. Martyn Willsher as the effectsCompany’s President and Chief Executive Officer and member of the implementationboard of directors. Mr. Willsher had served as the Company’s Interim Chief Executive Officer since April 3, 2020 and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since April 27, 2018.

Appointment of Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

On January 19, 2021, the Company appointed Mr. Jason McGlynn as the Company’s Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. McGlynn had served as the Company’s Vice President of Business Development since February 3, 2020.

Resignation of Chairman of the Plan, our consolidated financial statements on or after October 21, 2016, are not comparableBoard of Directors

On January 19, 2021, Mr. David H. Proman announced his resignation from his position as Chairman of the board of directors of the Company. Mr. Proman retained his seat as a member of the board of directors.

Appointment of Chairman of the Board of Directors

Concurrently with our consolidated financial statements prior to that date. References to “Successor Period” relateMr. Proman’s resignation, the board of directors unanimously approved and appointed Mr. Christopher W. Hamm as the Company’s new Chairman of the board of directors.

Appointment of Director to the financial positionBoard of Directors

On February 10, 2021, Ms. Patrice Douglas was appointed as a member of the Company’s board of directors and resultswill also serve on the Company’s audit committee.

Secondary Public Offering of operationsCommon Stock for the period October 21, 2016 throughSelling Stockholders

On December 31, 2016 and references to “Predecessor Period” refer to the financial position and results of operations11, 2020, certain selling stockholders of the Company (the “Selling Stockholders”), Roth Capital Partners, LLC (the “Underwriter”) and the Company entered into an underwriting agreement, pursuant to which the Selling Stockholders agreed to sell to the Underwriter, and the Underwriter agreed to purchase from the Selling Stockholders, subject to and upon the terms and conditions set forth therein, an aggregate of 8,548,485 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share of the Company (“Common Stock”). The offering closed on December 15, 2020. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of Common Stock in the offering.

The offering was made pursuant to effective shelf registration statements (File No. 333-233677, effective October 11, 2019, and 333-215602, effective May 1, 2018) and prospectuses filed by the Company with the SEC. The offering of these securities was made only by means of a prospectus and prospectus supplement.

Borrowing Base Redetermination

On November 18, 2020, as part of the Company’s fall 2020 semiannual borrowing base redetermination, the borrowing base and lender commitments under the Company’s credit agreement among wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent, and other lenders party thereto (as amended from time to time, the “Revolving Credit Facility”) reaffirmed the borrowing base at $260.0 million, with the next such redetermination scheduled for spring 2021. The Revolving Credit Facility is a reserve-based revolving credit facility with a maturity date of November 2, 2023, and semiannual borrowing base redeterminations.

11


Notice of Non-Compliance with New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) Continued Listing Standards

On August 31, 2020, the Company, received written notification (the “Market Cap Notice”) from the NYSE that the Company no longer satisfied the continued listing compliance standards set forth under Section 802.01B of the NYSE Listed Company Manual (the “Manual”) because the average global market capitalization of the Company was less than $50,000,000 over a consecutive 30 trading-day period that ended on August 28, 2020 and, at the same time, the Company’s stockholders’ equity was less than $50,000,000 (the “Market Cap Deficiency”).

Under NYSE procedures, the Company had 45 days from its receipt of the Market Cap Notice to submit a plan to the NYSE demonstrating how it intends to regain compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing standards within 18 months. The Company submitted its plan to regain compliance with the listing standards within the required timeframe.

In addition, on October 13, 2020, the Company received written notification (the “Share Price Notice”) from the NYSE that the Company no longer satisfied the continued listing compliance standards set forth under Section 802.01C of the Manual because the average closing price of the Company’s Common Stock was below $1.00 over a 30 consecutive trading-day period that ended October 12, 2020 (the “Share Price Deficiency”). Under the NYSE’s rules, the Company had six months following receipt of the Share Price Notice to regain compliance with the minimum share price requirement.

The Company notified the NYSE of its intent to cure the Share Price Deficiency and return to compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing requirements. On January 1, 2016 through October 20, 2016.4, 2021, the Company received written notification from the NYSE that the Company regained compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing standards. The Company regained compliance after its average closing price for the 30 trading-day period ended December 31, 2020 and its closing price on December 31, 2020 both exceeded $1.00 per share.

Under NYSE rules, the Common Stock will continue to be listed on the NYSE during the cure period related to the Market Cap Deficiency, subject to the Company’s compliance with other continued listing requirements. The Common Stock’s trading symbol “AMPY” was assigned a “.BC” indicator by the NYSE to signify that the Company currently is not in compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing requirements. If the Company fails to regain compliance with Sections 802.01B of the Manual during the cure period, the Common Stock will be subject to the NYSE’s suspension and delisting procedures.

Properties

We engaged Cawley, Gillespie and Associates, Inc. (“CG&A”), our independent reserve engineers, to prepare our reserves estimates for all of our proved reserves at December 31, 2020 and 2019. The following table summarizes information, based on a reserve report prepared by CG&A (which we refer to as our “reserve report”), about our proved oil and natural gas reserves by geographic region as of December 31, 2020 and our average net production for the three months ended December 31, 2020:

 

 

Estimated Net Proved Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Production

 

 

Average Reserve-to

 

 

Producing Wells

 

Region

MMBoe (1)

 

 

% Oil and

NGL

 

 

% Natural

Gas

 

 

% Proved

Developed

 

 

Standardized

Measure (2)

 

 

MBoe/d

 

 

% of

Total

 

 

Production Ratio (3)

 

 

Gross

 

 

Net

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Years)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oklahoma

 

39.3

 

 

49%

 

 

51%

 

 

80%

 

 

$

96

 

 

 

7.5

 

 

28%

 

 

 

14.4

 

 

 

335

 

 

 

242

 

Rockies

 

21.2

 

 

100%

 

 

0%

 

 

87%

 

 

 

47

 

 

 

4.0

 

 

15%

 

 

 

14.4

 

 

 

137

 

 

 

137

 

California

 

16.7

 

 

100%

 

 

0%

 

 

66%

 

 

 

59

 

 

 

3.6

 

 

14%

 

 

 

12.7

 

 

 

53

 

 

 

53

 

East Texas/ North Louisiana

 

34.4

 

 

25%

 

 

75%

 

 

100%

 

 

 

78

 

 

 

10.4

 

 

39%

 

 

 

9.1

 

 

 

1,609

 

 

 

899

 

Eagle Ford

 

2.2

 

 

91%

 

 

9%

 

 

54%

 

 

 

18

 

 

 

0.8

 

 

3%

 

 

 

7.6

 

 

 

314

 

 

 

23

 

Total

 

113.8

 

 

60%

 

 

40%

 

 

85%

 

 

$

298

 

 

 

26.3

 

 

100%

 

 

 

11.8

 

 

 

2,448

 

 

 

1,354

 

Summary

(1)

Determined using a ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil, condensate or NGLs based on an approximate energy equivalency. This is an energy content correlation and does not reflect a value or price relationship between the commodities.

(2)

Standardized measure is calculated in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 932, Extractive Activities—Oil and Gas, and is calculated using SEC pricing, before market differentials, of $39.57/Bbl for crude oil and NGLs and $1.99/MMBtu for natural gas.

(3)

The average reserve-to-production ratio is calculated by dividing estimated net proved reserves as of December 31, 2020 by the annualized average net production for the three months ended December 31, 2020.

Our Areas of Oil and Gas Properties and OperationsOperation

Oklahoma

Mississippian Lime

Our Mississippian Lime assets are located in Oklahoma and target the Mississippian Lime formation. At December 31, 2017, our acreage consisted of approximately 97,762 net (117,451 gross) prospective acres in the Mississippian Lime trend in Woods and Alfalfa Counties of Oklahoma, which we currently intend to develop using horizontal wells.

Our properties in this area represented 92%Approximately 34% of our totalestimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2017. As2020 and approximately 28% of December 31, 2017, we held anour average working interest and averagedaily net revenue interest of 77% and 62%, respectively, in this area.

Forproduction for the yearthree months ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period and the Predecessor Period, our average daily production from our Mississippian Lime assets was as follows:

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

 

Period October 21, 2016
through December 31, 2016

 

 

Period January 1, 2016
through October 20, 2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil (Bbls)

 

5,108

 

6,048

 

 

8,156

 

Natural gas liquids (Bbls)

 

4,273

 

4,843

 

 

5,326

 

Natural gas (Mcf)

 

52,797

 

58,816

 

 

68,107

 

Net Boe/day

 

18,181

 

20,694

 

 

24,833

 

At December 31, 2017, we had one operated drilling rig in operation2020 were located in the Mississippian Lime horizontal well program. For 2018, we anticipate investing between $100.0 millionOklahoma region. Our Oklahoma properties include wells and $120.0 million in the area.

Anadarko Basin

Our Anadarko Basin assets areproperties primarily located in Western OklahomaAlfalfa and the Texas panhandle and target, or are prospectiveWoods counties in the Cleveland, Marmaton, Cottage Grove, Osage, Meramac and Tonkawa formations. At December 31, 2017, our acreage consistedOklahoma. Those properties collectively contained 39.3 MMBbls of approximately 76,409estimated net (92,289 gross) acres in Texas and 16,198 net (41,332 gross) acres in western Oklahoma.

Our properties in this area represented 8% of our total proved reserves as of December 31, 2017. As2020 based on our reserve report and generated average net production of 7.5 MBoe/d for the three months ended December 31, 2020.

12


Rockies

Approximately 19% of our estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2017, we held an2020 and approximately 15% of our average daily net production for the three months ended December 31, 2020 were located in the Rockies region. Our Rockies properties include wells and properties primarily located in the Lost Soldier and Wertz fields in Wyoming at our Bairoil complex. Our Rockies properties contained 21.2 MMBbls of estimated net proved oil and NGLs reserves as of December 31, 2020 based on our reserve report and generated average net production of 4.0 MBoe/d for the three months ended December 31, 2020.

California

Approximately 15% of our estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2020 and approximately 14% of our average daily net production for the three months ended December 31, 2020 were located in federal waters offshore Southern California. These properties (the “Beta Properties”) consist of: 100% of the working interestinterests and currently 87.6% average net revenue interest of 64%in three Pacific Outer Continental Shelf lease blocks (P-0300, P-0301 and 50%P-0306) (referred to as the “Beta Unit”), respectively, in this area.

For the year end December 31, 2017, Successor Period and Predecessor Period, our average daily productionBeta field located in federal waters approximately 11 miles offshore from the Anadarko Basin area was as follows:

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

 

Period October 21, 2016
through December 31, 2016

 

 

Period January 1, 2016
through October 20, 2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil (Bbls)

 

1,379

 

1,508

 

 

1,927

 

Natural gas liquids (Bbls)

 

1,066

 

1,118

 

 

1,247

 

Natural gas (Mcf)

 

9,135

 

9,903

 

 

10,856

 

Net Boe/day

 

3,967

 

4,277

 

 

4,983

 

Other

On April 21, 2015, we closed on the salePort of certainLong Beach, California. Our Beta Properties contained 16.7 MMBbls of ourestimated net proved oil and gas properties in Beauregard and Calcasieu Parishes, Louisiana (the “Dequincy Divestiture”), for approximately $44.0 million, before customary post-closing adjustments. We have no proved reserves in Gulf Coast (or Louisiana) as of December 31, 2017, 2016 or 2015.

During2020 based on our reserve report and generated average net production of 3.6 MBoe/d for the three months ended SeptemberDecember 31, 2020. Oil and gas are produced from the Beta Unit via two production platforms, referred to as the Ellen and Eureka platforms, equipped with permanent drilling rigs and associated equipment. On a third platform, Elly, the oil, water and gas are separated, and the oil is prepared for sale, while the gas is burned as fuel for power and the water is recycled back into the reservoir for pressure maintenance. Sales quality oil is then pumped from the Elly platform to the Beta pump station located onshore at the Port of Long Beach, California via a 16-inch diameter oil pipeline, which extends approximately 17.5 miles. Amplify Energy’s wholly owned subsidiary, San Pedro Bay Pipeline Company, owns and operates the pipeline system.

On, June 24, 2020, the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (“BSEE”) informed the Company that it had been approved for the Special Case Royalty Relief for the Company’s interests in the Beta Unit, effective beginning July 1, 2020. The royalty rates were reduced from 25% to 12.5% for two of the Company’s leases and from 16.67% to 8.33% for the remaining third lease. This resulted in the Company’s average net revenue interest increasing from 75.2% to 87.6%.

The Special Case Royalty Relief is subject to two key provisions related to commodity prices and capital investment. Special Case Royalty Relief will be suspended in months in which the weighted twelve-month average NYMEX oil and Henry Hub gas price exceeds $66.19 per BOE, which represents a 25% premium to the average realized price recognized by the Company during the qualification period of April 2019 to March 2020. The Special Case Royalty Relief would terminate in the event that the Company generates no benefit from the reduced rates due to the higher realized pricing for 12 consecutive months. In addition, Special Case Royalty Relief requires that during the two-year period ending June 30, 2017,2022 (and annually thereafter), the cumulative amount of a) development costs and b) incremental royalties must exceed the value of the royalty relief benefits received by the Company for production volumes at or below the calculated production volume during the qualification period. Should this condition not be met, Special Case Royalty Relief will be terminated.

East Texas / North Louisiana

Approximately 30% of our estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2020 and approximately 39% of our average daily net production for the three months ended December 31, 2020 were located in the East Texas/ North Louisiana region. Our East Texas/ North Louisiana properties include wells and properties primarily located in the Joaquin, Carthage, Willow Springs and East Henderson fields in East Texas. Those properties collectively contained 34.4 MMBoe of estimated net proved reserves as of December 31, 2020 based on our reserve report and generated average net production of 10.4 MBoe/d for the three months ended December 31, 2020.

Eagle Ford

Approximately 2% of our estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2020 and approximately 3% of our average daily net production for the three months ended December 31, 2020 were located in the Eagle Ford region. Our Eagle Ford properties include wells and properties in fields located primarily in the Eagleville fields. Our Eagle Ford properties contained 2.2 MMBoe of estimated net proved reserves as of December 31, 2020 based on our reserve report. Those properties collectively generated average net production of 0.8 MBoe/d for the three months ended December 31, 2020.

Our Oil and Natural Gas Data

Our Reserves

Internal Controls. Our proved reserves were estimated at the well or unit level for reporting purposes by CG&A, our independent reserve engineers. The Company maintains internal evaluations of our reserves in a secure reserve engineering database. CG&A interacts with the Company’s internal petroleum engineers and geoscience professionals in each of our operating areas and with operating, accounting, and marketing employees to obtain the necessary data to prepare the Company’s proved reserves report. Reserves are reviewed and approved internally by our senior management on an annual basis and evaluated by our lender group on at least a semi-annual basis in connection with borrowing base redeterminations under our Revolving Credit Facility. Our reserve estimates are prepared by CG&A at least annually.

13


Our internal professional staff works closely with CG&A to ensure the integrity, accuracy and timeliness of data that is furnished to them in order to prepare the reserves report. All of the reserve information maintained in our secure reserve engineering database is provided to the external engineers. In addition, we closed onprovide CG&A other pertinent data, such as seismic information, geologic maps, well logs, production tests, material balance calculations, well performance data, operating procedures and relevant economic criteria. We make all requested information, as well as our pertinent personnel, available to the saleexternal engineers as part of their preparation of our reserves.

Qualifications of Responsible Technical Persons

Internal Engineers. Tony Lopez is the technical person at the Company primarily responsible for overseeing and providing oversight of the preparation of the reserves estimates with our third-party reserve engineers.

Mr. Lopez has over 15 years of corporate reserve reporting experience. Mr. Lopez joined the Company as Vice President of Corporate Reserves in June 2018 and currently serves as the Company’s Senior Vice President of Engineering, Exploitation and Information Technology. Prior to that Mr. Lopez was Vice President of Acquisitions and Engineering for EnerVest, Ltd., where he managed the corporate reserve reporting process and the financial planning & analysis department. Mr. Lopez is a graduate of West Virginia University and holds a B.S. in Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering. Mr. Lopez is an active member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers.

Cawley, Gillespie and Associates, Inc. CG&A is an independent oil and natural gas consulting firm. No director, officer, or key employee of CG&A has any financial ownership in us or any of our affiliates. CG&A’s compensation for the preparation of its report is not contingent upon the results obtained and reported. CG&A has not performed other work for us or any of our affiliates that would affect its objectivity. The estimates of our proved reserves presented in the CG&A reserve report were overseen by Todd Brooker.

Mr. Brooker is the President of CG&A and has been an employee of CG&A since 1992. His responsibilities include reserve and economic evaluations, fair market valuations, field studies, pipeline resource studies and acquisition/divestiture analysis. His reserve reports are routinely used for public company SEC disclosures. Prior to joining CG&A, Mr. Brooker worked in Gulf of Mexico drilling and production engineering at Chevron Corporation. Mr. Brooker’s experience includes significant projects in both conventional and unconventional resources in every major U.S. producing basin and abroad, including oil and gas propertiesshale plays, coalbed methane fields, waterfloods and complex, faulted structures.

Mr. Brooker graduated with honors from the University of Texas at Austin in Lincoln County, Oklahoma, which had approximately 12,894 net (19,888 gross) acres for $7.0 million1989 with a Bachelor of Science degree in cash ($2.9 million, net after assumptionPetroleum Engineering and is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of liabilities), subject to standard post-closing adjustments.Texas. He is also a member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers and the Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers and the Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers.

Reserves Information

Estimated Proved Reserves

The following table sets forth ourpresents the estimated net proved reserves by product and type using SEC pricing:

 

 

Oil (MBbls)

 

Natural
Gas
(MMcf)

 

NGLs
(MBbls)

 

Total
(MBoe)

 

PV-10 (1)
(in
thousands)

 

Mississippian Lime:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved developed producing

 

12,606

 

148,052

 

11,359

 

48,640

 

333,398

 

Proved developed non-producing

 

1,822

 

21,605

 

1,680

 

7,103

 

40,191

 

Proved undeveloped

 

13,866

 

125,169

 

9,729

 

44,457

 

131,360

 

Anadarko Basin:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved developed producing

 

2,840

 

20,893

 

2,425

 

8,747

 

53,184

 

Proved developed non-producing

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved undeveloped

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved developed producing

 

15,446

 

168,945

 

13,784

 

57,387

 

386,582

 

Proved developed non-producing

 

1,822

 

21,605

 

1,680

 

7,103

 

40,191

 

Proved undeveloped

 

13,866

 

125,169

 

9,729

 

44,457

 

131,360

 

Total Proved at December 31, 2017

 

31,134

 

315,719

 

25,193

 

108,947

 

558,133

 


(1)                                 We refer to PV-10 as the present value of estimated future net cash flows of estimated proved reserves as calculated in the respective reserves report using a discount rate of 10%. This amount includes projected revenues, estimated production costs, estimated future development costs and estimated cash flows related to future asset retirement obligations (“ARO”). PV-10 is a financial measure not defined under US GAAP. Accordingly, the following table reconciles total PV-10 to the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows, which is the most directly comparable US GAAP financial measure. We believe the presentation of PV-10 provides useful information

because it is widely used by investors in evaluating oil and natural gas companies without regardreserves attributable to specific income tax characteristicsour properties and the standardized measure associated with the estimated proved reserves attributable to our properties as of such entities. PV-10December 31, 2020, based on the prepared reserve report by CG&A, our independent reserve engineers. The standardized measure shown in the table is not a measure of financial or operating performance under US GAAP, nor is it intended to represent the current market value of our estimated provedoil and natural gas reserves. PV-10 should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows as defined under US GAAP.

 

Reserves

 

 

Oil

 

 

Natural Gas

 

 

NGLs

 

 

Total

 

 

(MBbls)

 

 

(MMcf)

 

 

(MBbls)

 

 

(MBoe) (1)

 

Estimated Proved Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Developed

 

35,613

 

 

 

252,218

 

 

 

19,009

 

 

 

96,658

 

Undeveloped

 

11,063

 

 

 

21,921

 

 

 

2,475

 

 

 

17,191

 

Total

 

46,676

 

 

 

274,139

 

 

 

21,484

 

 

 

113,849

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved developed reserves as a percentage of total proved reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

85

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Standardized measure (in thousands) (2)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

298

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and Natural Gas Prices (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil – WTI per Bbl

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

39.57

 

Natural gas – Henry Hub per MMBtu

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

1.99

 

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of PV-10 to the standardized measure of discounted cash flows (in thousands):

 

 

As of
December 31,
2017

 

As of
December 31,
2016

 

PV-10

 

$

558,133

 

$

578,155

 

Present value of future income tax, discounted at 10%

 

(8,890

)

(48,205

)

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

 

$

549,243

 

$

529,950

 

Proved Undeveloped Reserves

The following table summarizes the changes in our estimated proved undeveloped reserves during the year ended December 31, 2017 (in MBoe):

Proved undeveloped reserves, December 31, 2016

 

107,366(1)

Determined using a ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil, condensate or NGLs based on an approximate energy equivalency. This is an energy content correlation and does not reflect a value or price relationship between the commodities.

Purchases of reserves in place

 

(2)

Standardized measure is the present value of estimated future net revenues to be generated from the production of proved reserves, determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC without giving effect to non-property related expenses, such as general and administrative expenses, interest expense, or to depletion, depreciation and amortization. The future cash flows are discounted using an annual discount rate of 10%. Standardized measure does not give effect to derivative transactions. For a description of our commodity derivative contracts, see “Item 1. Business — Operations — Derivative Activities” as well as “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Commodity Derivative Contracts.”

14


Sales of reserves

 

(3)

ExtensionsOur estimated net proved reserves and discoveries

13,663

Revisionsrelated standardized measure were determined using 12-month trailing average oil and natural gas index prices, calculated as the unweighted arithmetic average for the first-day-of-the-month price for each month in effect as of previous estimates

(74,842

)

Conversionthe date of the estimate, without giving effect to proved developed reserves

(1,730

)

Proved undeveloped reserves, December 31, 2017

44,457

derivative contracts, held constant throughout the life of the properties. These prices were adjusted by lease for quality, transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the wellhead.

No less than annually, we review our five-year development schedule. This review encompasses many factors, including current year drilling results, forward pricing curve, returns expectedThe data in the table above represents estimates only. Oil and natural gas reserve engineering is inherently a subjective process of our drilling programestimating underground accumulations of oil and cash available during this time period, which would include cash on hand, cash generated by operations and cash from borrowings. On November 1, 2017, David Sambrooks was appointed President and Chief Executive Officernatural gas that cannot be measured exactly. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the Company. Upon David’s appointment, we began a strategic reviewquality of all areas of operations. This review was completed during the fourth quarter of 2017available data and our strategy was refined to add further focus to optimizing free cash flows and keeping leverage to a minimum. As a result, in December of 2017 we decreased our current drilling activity from two drilling rigs to one drilling rig. Further, the five-year development plan was revised from a two-rig program to a one rig program. This change in strategy (reduced 5-year drilling activity) led to a reduction in our undeveloped proved inventory under SEC guidelines from 274 locations at year end 2016 to 139 locations at year end 2017. In addition, at year end 2017 our proved undeveloped type curve was revised downward by our third-party reserves engineering firm and capital costs assumptions were revised upward, both as a result of recent drilling results. The revised type curve still generates attractive capital returns of 30.6% IRR at year-end 2017 SEC pricing, and 39.1% IRR at December 31, 2017 strip pricing. As a result of our focus on optimizing free cash flow, keeping leverage to a minimum and optimizing drilling returns, all proved undeveloped reserves included in the December 31, 2017 reserve report are focused on infill drilling in the Carmen and Dacoma areas. All undeveloped locations not able to be drilled utilizing our anticipated five-year development schedule were excluded from the December 31, 2017 reserve report but continue to meet the definition of a proved undeveloped location from an engineering standpoint.

Independent Petroleum Engineers

For our Mississippian Lime and Anadarko Basin assets, our estimated reserves and related future net revenues at December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 are based on reports prepared by our independent third-party reserves engineering firm Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. (“CGA”), in accordance with generally accepted petroleum engineering and evaluation principlesgeological interpretation and definitions and guidelines in effect during such period as established by the SEC.

Thejudgment. Accordingly, reserve estimates shown herein formay vary from the periods indicated above have been independently evaluated by CGA, a worldwide leader of petroleum property analysis for industry and financial organizations and government agencies. CGA was founded in 1961 and performs consulting petroleum engineering services under Texas Board of Professional Engineers Registration No. F-693. Within CGA, the technical person primarily responsible for preparing the estimates set forth in the reserves report incorporated herein was Mr. Zane Meekins. Mr. Meekins has been a practicing consulting petroleum engineer at CGA since 1989. Mr. Meekins is a Registered Professional Engineer in the State of Texas (License No. 71055) and has over 30 years of practical experience in petroleum engineering, with over 28 years of experience in the estimation and evaluation of reserves. He graduated from Texas A&M University in 1987 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Petroleum Engineering. Mr. Meekins meets or exceeds the education, training, and experience requirements set forth in the Standards Pertaining to the Estimating and Auditing of Oil and Gas Reserves Information promulgated by the Society of Petroleum Engineers; he is proficient in judiciously applying industry standard practices to engineering and geoscience evaluations as well as applying SEC and other industry reserve definitions and guidelines.

Technology Used to Establish Proved Reserves

Under Rule 4-10(a)(22) of Regulation S-X, as promulgated by the SEC, proved reserves are those quantities of oil and natural gas which, by analysisthat are ultimately recovered. For a discussion of geosciencerisks associated with internal reserve estimates, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business — Our estimated reserves and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certaintyfuture production rates are based on many assumptions that may turn out to be economically producible from a given date forward, from known reservoirs, and under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations. The term “reasonable certainty” implies a high degree of confidence that the quantities of oil and/or natural gas actually recovered will equal or exceed the estimate. Reasonable certainty can be established using techniques that have been proved effective by actual production from projectsinaccurate. Any material inaccuracies in the same reservoir or an analogous reservoir or by other evidence using reliable technology that establishes reasonable certainty. Reliable technology is a grouping of one or more technologies (including computational methods) that have been field tested and have been demonstrated to provide reasonably certain results with consistency and repeatability in the formation being evaluated or in an analogous formation.

In order to establish reasonable certainty with respect to our estimated proved reserves, CGA employed technologies that have been demonstrated to yield results with consistency and repeatability. The technologies and economic data used in the estimation of our proved reserves include, but are not limited to, electrical logs, radioactivity logs, core analyses, geologic maps and available downhole and production data, seismic data and well test data.

Internal Controls Over Reserves Estimation Process

We maintain an internal staff of petroleum engineers, land and geoscience professionals who work closely with our independent reserve engineers to ensure the integrity, accuracy and timeliness of data furnished to CGA in their reserves estimation process. The primary inputs to the reserves estimation process are comprised of technical information, financial data, ownership interests and production data. All field and reservoir technical information, which is updated annually, is assessed for validity when the reservoir engineers hold technical meetings with geoscientists, operations and land personnel to discuss field performance and to validate future development plans. Current revenue and expense information is obtained from our accounting records, which are subject to their own set of internal controls over financial reporting. All current financial data such as commodity prices, lease operating expenses, production taxes and field commodity price differentials are updated in the reserves database and then analyzed to ensure that they have been entered accurately and that all updates are complete. Our current ownership in mineral interests and well production data are incorporated into the reserves database as well and verified to ensure their accuracy and completeness. Throughout each fiscal year, our technical team meets with representatives of our independent reserve engineers to review properties and discuss methods and assumptions used in preparation of the proved reserve estimates. Each quarter, estimated proved oil and gas reserves are presented to a committee of executives and key management for review and approval and annually, our development plan for proved undeveloped reserves are reviewed and approved by our executives.

At December 31, 2017, Jeromy Garcia, our General Manager — Mississippian Lime and Anadarko Basin Assets and Reserves, was primarily responsible for overseeing the preparation of our reserve estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the quantities and reported directly topresent value of our Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Garcia has more than 17 years of experience in the oilestimated reserves.”

Future prices received for production and gas industry. Mr. Garcia spent the first portion of his career working for El Paso Production Company — primarily working assets in the Gulf of Mexico. While at El Paso, Mr. Garcia served in multiple roles including reservoir and operational engineering. Mr. Garcia has also worked for small independents such as Whittier Energy and J&S Oil & Gas where he served as a reservoir engineer and Manager of Engineering. Mr. Garcia graduatedcosts may vary, perhaps significantly, from the Universityprices and costs assumed for purposes of Oklahoma in 2000 with a B.S degree in Petroleum Engineering and obtained his MBA fromthese estimates. The standardized measure shown above should not be construed as the Universitycurrent market value of Houston in 2009.

Production, Revenues and Price History

Oil, NGLs and natural gas are commodities. The price that we receive for the oil, NGLs and natural gas we produce is largely a function of market supply and demand. A decline in oil or natural gas prices from their current levels could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows, quantities ofestimated oil and natural gas reserves. The 10% discount factor used to calculate standardized measure, which is required by the SEC and FASB, is not necessarily the most appropriate discount rate. The present value, no matter what discount rate is used, is materially affected by assumptions as to timing of future production, which may prove to be inaccurate.

Development of Proved Undeveloped Reserves

As of December 31, 2020, we had 17.2 MMBoe of proved undeveloped reserves that may be economically produced and our ability to access capital markets. For additional information on these and other risks, see information set forth in “Risk Factors”.

The following table sets forth information regarding ourcomprised of 11.1 MMBbls of oil, NGLs and21.9 Bcfe of natural gas production, revenues and realized prices and production costs for2.5 MMBbls of NGLs. None of our proved undeveloped reserves (“PUDs”) as of December 31, 2020 are scheduled to be developed on a date more than five years from the yeardate the reserves were initially booked as PUDs. PUDs will be converted from undeveloped to developed as the applicable wells begin production.

Changes in PUDs that occurred during 2020 were due to:

Reserve adds of 0.2 MMBoe;

Reserve drops including price revisions of 15.8 MMBoe; and

Performance revisions including royalty relief of 0.5 MMBoe.

Approximately 0.4% (0.1 MMBoe) of our PUDs recorded as of December 31, 2019 were developed during the twelve months ended December 31, 2017,2020. Total costs incurred to develop these PUDs were approximately $0.7 million, all of which was incurred in fiscal year 2020. In total, we incurred total capital expenditures of approximately $3.3 million during fiscal year 2020 developing PUDs, which includes $2.6 million associated with PUDs to be completed in 2021. Based on our current expectations of our cash flows, we believe that we can fund the Successor Period,drilling of our current PUD inventory and our expansions in the Predecessor Periodnext five years from our cash flow from operations and the year ended December 31, 2015.borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. For additional details,a more detailed discussion of our liquidity position, see information set forth in “Management’s“Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources.

Reserves sensitivity

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,
2017

 

Period October 21,
2016 through
December 31, 2016

 

 

Period January 1,
2016 through
October 20, 2016

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2015

 

Operating Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net production volumes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil (MBbls)

 

2,368

 

544

 

 

2,964

 

4,794

 

NGLs (MBbls)

 

1,949

 

429

 

 

1,932

 

2,473

 

Natural gas (MMcf)

 

22,606

 

4,948

 

 

23,215

 

28,403

 

Total oil equivalents (MBoe)

 

8,084

 

1,798

 

 

8,765

 

12,001

 

Average daily production (Boe/d)

 

22,148

 

24,971

 

 

29,816

 

32,880

 

Average Sales Prices:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil, without realized derivatives (per Bbl)

 

$

49.45

 

$

46.96

 

 

$

37.99

 

$

45.40

 

Oil, with realized derivatives (per Bbl)

 

$

50.92

 

$

46.96

 

 

$

37.99

 

$

74.74

 

Natural gas liquids, without realized derivatives (per Bbl)

 

$

22.64

 

$

19.55

 

 

$

14.22

 

$

15.46

 

Natural gas liquids, with realized derivatives (per Bbl)

 

$

22.64

 

$

19.55

 

 

$

14.22

 

$

15.46

 

Natural gas, without realized derivatives (per Mcf)

 

$

2.64

 

$

2.76

 

 

$

2.08

 

$

2.35

 

Natural gas, with realized derivatives (per Mcf)

 

$

2.79

 

$

2.76

 

 

$

2.08

 

$

3.30

 

Costs and Expenses (per Boe of production):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lease operating and workover

 

$

7.83

 

$

8.52

 

 

$

6.02

 

$

6.79

 

Gathering and transportation

 

$

1.79

 

$

1.78

 

 

$

1.64

 

$

1.30

 

Severance and other taxes

 

$

1.10

 

$

0.72

 

 

$

0.59

 

$

0.72

 

Asset retirement accretion

 

$

0.14

 

$

0.12

 

 

$

0.16

 

$

0.13

 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

$

8.14

 

$

7.22

 

 

$

7.11

 

$

16.55

 

Impairment of oil and gas properties

 

$

15.50

 

$

 

 

$

26.48

 

$

135.47

 

General and administrative

 

$

3.63

 

$

2.71

 

 

$

2.55

 

$

3.22

 

Acquisition and transaction costs

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

0.03

 

Debt restructuring costs and advisory fees

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

0.87

 

$

3.01

 

Other

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

0.18

 

The following table sets forth information regardingHistorically, commodity prices have been extremely volatile and due to the changes in the market with the impact of COVID-19, we expect this volatility to continue for the foreseeable future. For example, for the five years ended December 31, 2020, the NYMEX-WTI oil NGLs andfuture price ranged from a high of $76.41 per Bbl to a low of $(37.63) per Bbl, while the NYMEX-Henry Hub natural gas daily production for eachfuture price ranged from a high of the fields that represented more than 15%$4.84 per MMBtu to a low of our estimated total proved reserves for$1.48 per MMBtu. For the year ended December 31, 2017,2020, the Successor Period, the Predecessor PeriodWTI posted price ranged from a high of $63.27 per Bbl on January 6, 2020 to a low of $(37.63) per Bbl on April 20, 2020 and the NYMEX-Henry Hub market price ranged from a high of $3.35 per MMBtu on October 30, 2020 to a low of $1.48 per MMBtu on June 25, 2020. The continuation of low prices for oil or natural gas could materially and adversely affect our financial position, our results of operations, the quantities of oil and natural gas reserves that we can economically produce and our access to capital.

The following sensitivity is provided to illustrate the value of our proved developed reserves at pricing that is more representative of the current market. Our year end proved developed standardized measure at SEC pricing was $239.2 million. With an oil price of $50.00 and natural gas price of $2.70 our proved developed standardized measure would increase to $566.2 million. There is no assurance that these prices will actually be achieved.

Production, Revenue and Price History

For a description of our and Legacy Amplify’s historical production, revenues, and average sales prices and per unit costs, see “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Results of Operations.”

15


The following tables summarize our average net production, average unhedged sales prices by product and average production costs (not including ad valorem and severance taxes) by geographic region for the years ended December 31, 2015:2020 and 2019, respectively:

 

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

 

Period October 21,
2016 through
December 31, 2016

 

 

Period January 1,
2016 through
October 20, 2016

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2015

 

Mississippian(1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Daily production volumes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil (Bbls)

 

5,108

 

6,035

 

 

8,147

 

10,187

 

NGLs (Bbls)

 

4,273

 

4,464

 

 

4,968

 

4,900

 

Natural gas (Mcf)

 

52,797

 

56,740

 

 

65,737

 

62,514

 

Total oil equivalents (Net Boe/day)

 

18,181

 

19,956

 

 

24,071

 

25,506

 

Anadarko

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Daily production volumes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil (Bbls)

 

1,379

 

1,508

 

 

1,927

 

2,680

 

NGLs (Bbls)

 

1,066

 

1,118

 

 

1,247

 

1,388

 

Natural gas (Mcf)

 

9,135

 

9,903

 

 

10,856

 

12,921

 

Total oil equivalents (Net Boe/day)

 

3,967

 

4,277

 

 

4,983

 

6,222

 

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2020

 

 

Oil

 

 

NGLs

 

 

Natural Gas

 

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

Lease

 

 

Production

 

 

Sales

 

 

Production

 

 

Sales

 

 

Production

 

 

Sales

 

 

Production

 

 

Sales

 

 

Operating

 

 

Volumes

 

 

Price

 

 

Volumes

 

 

Price

 

 

Volumes

 

 

Price

 

 

Volumes

 

 

Price

 

 

Expense

 

 

(MBbls)

 

 

($/Bbl)

 

 

(MBbls)

 

 

($/Bbl)

 

 

(MMcf)

 

 

($/Mcf)

 

 

(MBoe)

 

 

($/Boe)

 

 

($/Boe)

 

Oklahoma

 

687

 

 

$

36.84

 

 

 

857

 

 

$

10.75

 

 

 

9,395

 

 

$

0.93

 

 

 

3,109

 

 

$

13.90

 

 

$

6.14

 

Rockies

 

1,493

 

 

 

34.55

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,493

 

 

 

34.55

 

 

 

28.84

 

California

 

1,255

 

 

 

36.10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,255

 

 

 

36.10

 

 

 

27.98

 

East Texas/ North Louisiana

 

198

 

 

 

35.37

 

 

 

836

 

 

 

12.52

 

 

 

17,905

 

 

 

1.87

 

 

 

4,018

 

 

 

12.68

 

 

 

4.33

 

Eagle Ford

 

254

 

 

 

35.75

 

 

 

32

 

 

 

11.99

 

 

 

173

 

 

 

2.01

 

 

 

315

 

 

 

31.14

 

 

 

16.05

 

Total

 

3,887

 

 

$

35.58

 

 

 

1,725

 

 

$

11.63

 

 

 

27,473

 

 

$

1.55

 

 

 

10,190

 

 

$

19.71

 

 

$

11.75

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average net production (MBoe/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

27.8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2019

 

 

Oil

 

 

NGLs

 

 

Natural Gas

 

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

Lease

 

 

Production

 

 

Sales

 

 

Production

 

 

Sales

 

 

Production

 

 

Sales

 

 

Production

 

 

Sales

 

 

Operating

 

 

Volumes

 

 

Price

 

 

Volumes

 

 

Price

 

 

Volumes

 

 

Price

 

 

Volumes

 

 

Price

 

 

Expense

 

 

(MBbls)

 

 

($/Bbl)

 

 

(MBbls)

 

 

($/Bbl)

 

 

(MMcf)

 

 

($/Mcf)

 

 

(MBoe)

 

 

($/Boe)

 

 

($/Boe)

 

Oklahoma

 

372

 

 

$

54.81

 

 

 

439

 

 

$

14.14

 

 

 

4,822

 

 

$

0.95

 

 

 

1,614

 

 

$

19.30

 

 

$

6.72

 

Rockies

 

1,381

 

 

 

50.72

 

 

 

63

 

 

 

38.80

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,445

 

 

$

50.20

 

 

$

30.49

 

California

 

1,132

 

 

 

58.38

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,132

 

 

 

58.38

 

 

 

39.63

 

East Texas/ North Louisiana

 

218

 

 

 

55.77

 

 

 

812

 

 

 

16.35

 

 

 

21,495

 

 

 

2.52

 

 

 

4,612

 

 

 

17.28

 

 

 

4.40

 

Eagle Ford

 

395

 

 

 

61.44

 

 

 

29

 

 

 

14.31

 

 

 

172

 

 

 

2.81

 

 

 

453

 

 

 

55.59

 

 

 

8.56

 

Total

 

3,498

 

 

$

55.16

 

 

 

1,343

 

 

$

16.64

 

 

 

26,489

 

 

$

2.24

 

 

 

9,256

 

 

$

29.67

 

 

$

13.39

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average net production (MBoe/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)                                 These volumes represent only Mississippian Lime production and do not include Hunton production volumes. We divested our Hunton producing properties in Lincoln County during the year ended December 31, 2017. Further information is set forth in “Summary of Oil and Gas Properties and Operations” above and “—Note 7. Property and Equipment” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Productive Wells

The following table presents our total gross and net productive wells as of December 31, 2017:

 

 

Oil

 

Natural Gas

 

Total

 

 

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Total productive wells

 

779

 

550

 

64

 

46

 

843

 

596

 

Productive wells consist of producing wells and wells capable of producing.production, including natural gas wells awaiting pipeline connections to commence deliveries and oil wells awaiting connection to production facilities. Gross wells are the total number of productiveproducing wells in which we have working interests,own an interest and net wells are the sum of our fractional working interests owned in gross wells. Each gross well completed in more than one producing zone is counted as a single well.

Acreage

The following table sets forth certain information regardingrelating to the developed and undeveloped acreageproductive wells in which we haveowned a controllingworking interest as of December 31, 2017 for each of our operating areas. 2020.

 

Oil

 

 

Natural Gas

 

 

Gross

 

 

Net

 

 

Gross

 

 

Net

 

Operated

 

469

 

 

 

431

 

 

 

972

 

 

 

809

 

Non-operated

 

408

 

 

 

38

 

 

 

599

 

 

 

76

 

Total

 

877

 

 

 

469

 

 

 

1,571

 

 

 

885

 


Developed Acreage

Acreage related to royalty, overriding royalty and other similar interests is excluded from this summary:summary. As of December 31, 2020, substantially all of our leasehold acreage was held by production. The following table sets forth information as of December 31, 2020 relating to our leasehold acreage.

Region

Developed Acreage (1)

 

 

Gross (2)

 

 

Net (3)

 

Oklahoma

 

112,221

 

 

 

94,464

 

Rockies

 

6,653

 

 

 

6,653

 

California

 

17,280

 

 

 

17,280

 

East Texas/ North Louisiana

 

256,947

 

 

 

195,479

 

Eagle Ford

 

14,167

 

 

 

811

 

Total

 

407,268

 

 

 

314,687

 

 

 

 

Developed Acres

 

Undeveloped Acres

 

Total Acres

 

 

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Mississippian Lime

 

72,579

 

56,166

 

44,872

 

41,596

 

117,451

 

97,762

 

Anadarko Basin

 

56,640

 

36,242

 

76,981

 

56,365

 

133,621

 

92,607

 

Total

 

129,219

 

92,408

 

121,853

 

97,961

 

251,072

 

190,369

 

(1)

Developed acres are acres spaced or assigned to productive wells or wells capable of production.

(2)

A gross acre is an acre in which we own a working interest. The number of gross acres is the total number of acres in which we own a working interest.

(3)

A net acre is deemed to exist when the sum of our fractional ownership working interests in gross acres equals one. The number of net acres is the sum of the fractional working interests owned in gross acres expressed as whole numbers and fractions thereof.

Undeveloped Acreage Expirations

The following table sets forth the number of gross and net undeveloped acresinformation as of December 31, 2017 that will expire over2020 relating to our undeveloped leasehold acreage (including the next three years by operating area unless operations are commenced upon or production is established upon the acreage (or upon lands spaced or pooled therewith) or we make additional lease rental payments prior to the expiration dates:remaining terms of leases and concessions).

 

Undeveloped

 

 

Net Acreage Subject to

 

Region

Acreage

 

 

Lease Expiration by Year

 

 

Gross (1)

 

 

Net (2)

 

 

2021

 

 

2022

 

Oklahoma

 

21,442

 

 

 

6,456

 

 

 

3,849

 

 

 

 

East Texas/ North Louisiana

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18

 

 

 

 

Total

 

21,442

 

 

 

6,456

 

 

 

3,867

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expiring 2018

 

Expiring 2019

 

Expiring 2020

 

 

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Mississippian Lime

 

4,441

 

3,200

 

1,478

 

823

 

4,462

 

3,139

 

Anadarko Basin

 

1,720

 

611

 

8,709

 

1,397

 

8,252

 

1,435

 

Total Undeveloped Acreage Expirations

 

6,161

 

3,811

 

10,187

 

2,220

 

12,714

 

4,574

 

 

(1)

A gross acre is an acre in which we own a working interest. The number of gross acres is the total number of acres in which we own a working interest.

(2)

A net acre is deemed to exist when the sum of our fractional ownership working interests in gross acres equals one. The number of net acres is the sum of the fractional working interests owned in gross acres expressed as whole numbers and fractions thereof.

Drilling Activities

Our typical lease terms along with unit regulatory rules generally provide us flexibility to continue lease ownership through either establishing production or actively drilling prospects. Becauseactivities primarily consist of our reduced activity levels in the Anadarko Basin, we may allow leasehold rights on acreage not held by production to expire in this area, which could reduce our future drilling opportunities. Additionally, to the extent we cannot commence drilling operations upon or establish production from certain leases in the Mississippian Lime asset, certain of the leases within that asset area will expire, unless extended or renewed.

Drilling Activity

development wells. The following table summarizes our drilling activity forsets forth information with respect to (i) wells drilled and completed during the year endedperiods indicated and (ii) wells drilled in a prior period but completed during the periods indicated. The information should not be considered indicative of future performance, nor should a correlation be assumed between the number of productive wells drilled, quantities of reserves found or economic value. At December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period2020, 48 gross (1 net) wells were in various stages of completion.

 

For the Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

Gross

 

 

Net

 

 

Gross

 

 

Net

 

Development wells:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Productive

 

22.0

 

 

 

1.0

 

 

 

32.0

 

 

 

1.8

 

Dry

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exploratory wells:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Productive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dry

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total wells:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Productive

 

22.0

 

 

 

1.0

 

 

 

32.0

 

 

 

1.8

 

Dry

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

22.0

 

 

 

1.0

 

 

 

32.0

 

 

 

1.8

 

Delivery Commitments

We have no commitments to deliver a fixed and the year ended December 31, 2015. Gross wells reflect the sum of all wells in which we own an interest. Net wells reflect the sumdeterminable quantity of our working interestsoil or natural gas production in gross wells:the near future under our existing sales contracts.

17

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,
2017

 

Period October 21,
2016 through
December 31, 2016

 

 

Period January 1,
2016 through
October 20, 2016

 

Year Ended
December 31,
2015

 

 

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Gross

 

Net

 

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Gross

 

Net

 

Development wells:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Productive

 

26

 

25

 

3

 

3

 

 

40

 

38

 

84

 

74

 

Dry holes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

26

 

25

 

3

 

3

 

 

40

 

38

 

84

 

74

 

Exploratory wells:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Productive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dry holes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

 

Total wells

 

26

 

25

 

3

 

3

 

 

40

 

38

 

87

 

74

 


We have entered into a long-term gas gathering agreement associated with a certain portion of our East Texas production with a third-party midstream service provider that has volumetric requirements. We also have a long-term contract associated with our NGL production in Oklahoma that is subject to a volume obligation. Information regarding our delivery commitments under these contracts is contained in Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included under “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” contained herein.

Operations

General

As of December 31, 2017, there were 9 gross (and 9 net) development wells awaiting completion; one development well was being drilled2020, the Company is the operator of record of properties containing 92% of our total estimated proved reserves. We design and no exploratory wells were being drilled.

As of December 31, 2017, we had one drilling rig in operation. Our recent drilling activity has primarily focused onmanage the development, recompletion and/or workover operations, and supervise other operation and maintenance activities, for all of the wells we operate. We do not own the drilling rigs or other oil field services equipment used for drilling or maintaining wells on our primary operating areasonshore properties; independent contractors provide all the equipment and personnel associated with these activities. Our Beta platforms have permanent drilling systems in our Mississippian Lime asset.place.

Marketing and Major PurchasersCustomers

We sell our oil, NGLs and natural gas to third-party purchasers. We are not dependent upon,The following individual customers each accounted for 10% or contractually limited to, any one purchaser or small group of purchasers other than in our Mississippian Lime asset, where the majoritymore of our natural gas production is dedicated to one purchasertotal reported revenues for the economic life of the relevant assets. For the year ended December 31, 2017, three purchasers accountedperiod indicated:

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Major customers:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Phillips 66

23%

 

 

27%

 

Sinclair Oil & Gas Company

21%

 

 

21%

 

BP America Production Company

17%

 

 

13%

 

The production sales agreements covering our properties contain customary terms and conditions for 37%, 25% and 14%, respectively, of the Company’s revenue. For the Successor Period, two purchasers accounted for 40% and 29%, respectively, of the Company’s revenue. For the Predecessor Period, two purchasers accounted for 46% and 29%, respectively, of the Company’s revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2015, two purchasers accounted for 43% and 25%, respectively, of the Company’s revenue. Due to the nature of oil, NGLs and natural gas markets, and because we sell our oil production to purchasers that transport by truck rather than by pipelines, we do not believe the loss of a single purchaser or a few purchasers would materially adversely affect our ability to sell such production.

We are party to a gas purchase, gathering and processing contract in our Mississippian Lime asset, which includes certain minimum NGL volume commitments. To the extent we do not deliver natural gas volumes in sufficient quantities to generate, when processed, the minimum levels of recovered NGLs, we would be required to reimburse the counterparty an amount equal to the sum of the monthly shortfall, if any, multiplied by a fee of roughly $0.12 to $0.15 per gallon (subject to annual escalation). We have historically, and continue to currently, deliver at least the minimum volumes required under these contractual provisions.

Title to Properties

As is customary in the oil and natural gas industry and provide for sales based on prevailing market prices. A majority of those agreements have terms that renew on a month-to-month basis until either party gives advance written notice of termination.

If we initially conductwere to lose any one of our customers, the loss could temporarily delay production and sale of a preliminary reviewportion of our oil and natural gas in the related producing region. If we were to lose any single customer, we believe we could identify a substitute customer to purchase the impacted production volumes. However, if one or more of our larger customers ceased purchasing oil or natural gas altogether and we were unable to replace them, the loss of any such customer could have a detrimental effect on our production volumes and revenues in general.

Title to Properties

We believe that we have satisfactory title to all of our producing properties on which we do not have proved reserves. Prior toin accordance with industry standards. More thorough title investigations are customarily made before the consummation of an acquisition of producing properties and before commencement of drilling operations on thoseundeveloped properties. Individual properties may be subject to burdens that we conduct a more thorough title examination and undertake any title curative thatbelieve do not materially interfere with the use or affect the value of the properties. As is deemed necessary to address any significant title discrepancies. Tocustomary in the extent title opinions or other investigations reflect any such significant defects affecting thoseindustry, in the case of undeveloped properties, we are responsible for curing any such defects at our expense to the extent that any such defect impacts our ownership interest. Likewise, we may choose to notify other owners whoseoften cursory investigation of record title is subjectmade at the time of lease acquisition. Burdens on properties may include customary royalty interests, liens incident to a title defect so that they may undertake the necessary effortsoperating agreements and for current taxes, obligations or duties under applicable laws, development obligations under natural gas leases, or net profits interests.

Derivative Activities

We enter into commodity derivative contracts with unaffiliated third parties, generally lenders under our Revolving Credit Facility or their affiliates, to attemptachieve more predictable cash flows and to cure the applicable title defect at their own expense. Ourreduce our exposure to fluctuations in oil and natural gas properties are generally subjectprices. We intend to customary royalty interests or other burdens,enter into commodity derivative contracts at times and on terms desired to maintain a majorityportfolio of commodity derivative contracts covering at least 30% - 60% of our propertiesestimated production from total proved developed producing reserves over a one-to-three-year period at any given point of time. Additionally, to satisfy the hedging covenants in our Revolving Credit Facility, we are subjectexpected to lienshedge 65% and 45% of our estimated production from total proved developed reserves for calendar years 2021 and 2022, respectively. We may, however, from time to secure borrowingstime, hedge more or less than this approximate amount.

Periodically, we enter into interest rate swaps to mitigate exposure to market rate fluctuations by converting variable interest rates (such as those in our Revolving Credit Facility) to fixed interest rates.

It is our policy to enter into derivative contracts only with creditworthy counterparties, which generally are financial institutions, deemed by management as competent and competitive market makers. Some of the lenders, or certain of their affiliates, under our ExitRevolving Credit Facility as well as liens for current taxes and other burdens, noneare counterparties to our derivative contracts. We will continue to evaluate the benefit of which we believe materially interfere with our ability toemploying derivatives in the future.

18


Competition

We operate or develop such properties.

Seasonality

Weather conditions often affect the demand for, and the associated prices of, crude oil, NGLs and natural gas. Further, weather conditions could delay our drilling and production activities, which impacts our ability to achieve our overall business objectives. Generally, demand for oil and natural gas decreases during the spring and fall months and increases during the summer and winter months. However, seasonal anomalies such as mild winters or mild summers sometimes lessen this fluctuation.

Competition

The oil and natural gas industry isin a highly competitive environment for acquiring properties, attractingleasing acreage, contracting for drilling equipment and retainingsecuring trained personnel and obtaining the equipment necessary to develop and produce reserves. We compete with numerous entities, including major domestic and foreign oil companies, other independent oil and natural gas companies and individual producers and operators.personnel. Many of theseour competitors are large, well established companiespossess and haveemploy financial, technical and otherpersonnel resources substantially greater than ours. Our abilityours, which can be particularly important in the areas in which we operate. As a result, our competitors may be able to acquire additionalpay more for productive oil and natural gas properties and exploratory prospects, as well as evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of properties and prospects than our financial or personnel resources permit. Our ability to discoveracquire additional properties and to find and develop reserves in the future will depend uponon our ability to evaluate and select suitable properties and successfullyto consummate transactions in thisa highly competitive environment.

Regulation of the Oil and Natural Gas Industry

Our operations are substantially affected by federal, state and local laws and regulations. In particular, oil and natural gas production and related operations are, or have been, subject to price controls, taxes and numerous other laws and regulations. All of the jurisdictions in which we own or operate propertiesaddition, there is substantial competition for oil and natural gas production have statutory provisions regulating the explorationcapital available for and production of oil and natural gas, including provisions related to permits for the drilling of wells, bonding requirements to drill or operate wells, the location of wells, the method of drilling and casing wells, the surface use and restoration of properties upon which wells are drilled, sourcing and disposal of water used in the drilling and completion process and produced during operations and the abandonment of wells. Our operations are also subject to various conservation laws and regulations. These include regulation of the size of drilling and spacing units or proration units, the number of wells which may be drilled in any given area, and the unitization or pooling of oil and natural gas wells, as well as regulations that generally prohibit the venting or flaring of natural gas and impose certain requirements regarding the ratability or fair apportionment of production from fields and/or individual wells.

Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations can result in substantial penalties. The regulatory burden on our industry increases the cost of doing business and affects profitability. Although we believe we are in substantial compliance with all applicable laws and regulations, and that continued substantial compliance with existing requirements will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations, such laws and regulations are frequently amended or reinterpreted. Additionally, currently unforeseen environmental incidents may occur or past non-compliance with environmental laws or regulations may be discovered. Therefore, we are unable to predict the future costs or impact of compliance. Additional proposals and proceedings that affect the oil and natural gas industry are regularly considered by Congress, the states, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”) and the courts. We cannot predict when or whether any such proposals may become effective.

Regulation of Transportation and Sales of Natural Gas

Historically, the transportation and sale for resale of natural gas in interstate commerce has been regulated by the FERC under the Natural Gas Act of 1938 (“NGA”), the Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978 (“NGPA”) and regulations issued under those statutes.

FERC regulates interstate natural gas transportation rates, and terms and conditions of service, which affects the marketing of natural gas that we produce, as well as the revenues we receive for sales of our natural gas. Since 1985, the FERC has endeavored to make natural gas transportation more accessible to natural gas buyers and sellers on an open and non-discriminatory basis. The natural gas industry historically has been very heavily regulated. Therefore, we cannot provide any assurance that the less stringent regulatory approach that FERC has historically maintained will continue. However, we do not believe that any action taken will affect us in a way that materially differs from the way it affects other natural gas producers.

The price at which we sell natural gas is not currently subject to federal rate regulation and, for the most part, is not subject to state regulation. However, with regard to our physical sales of these energy commodities, we are required to observe anti-market manipulation laws and related regulations enforced by the FERC and/or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) and the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”).

Gathering services, which occur upstream of FERC jurisdictional transmission services, are regulated by the states onshore and in state waters. Although the FERC has set forth a general test for determining whether facilities perform a non-jurisdictional gathering function or a jurisdictional transmission function, the FERC’s determinations as to the classification of facilities is done on a case by case basis. State regulation of natural gas gathering facilities generally includes various safety, environmental and, in some circumstances, nondiscriminatory take requirements.

Regulation of Production

The production of oil and natural gas is subject to regulation under a wide range of local, state and federal statutes, rules, orders and regulations. Federal, state and local statutes and regulations require permits for drilling operations, drilling bonds and reports concerning operations. All of the states in which we own and operate properties have regulations governing conservation matters, including provisions for the unitization or pooling of oil and natural gas properties, the establishment of maximum allowable rates of production from oil and natural gas wells, the regulation of well spacing, and plugging and abandonment of wells. The effect of these regulations is to limit the amount of oil and natural gas that we can produce from our wells and to limit the number of wells or the locations at which we can drill, although we can apply for exceptions to such regulations or to have reductions in well spacing. Moreover, each state generally imposes a production or severance tax with respect to the production and sale of oil, NGLs and natural gas within its jurisdiction.

The failure to comply with these rules and regulations can result in substantial penalties. Our competitorsinvestment in the oil and natural gas industry and many of our competitors have access to capital at a lower cost than that available to us.

Seasonal Nature of Business

The price we receive for our natural gas production is impacted by seasonal fluctuations in demand for natural gas. The demand for natural gas typically peaks during the coldest months and tapers off during the milder months, with a slight increase during the summer to meet the demands of electric generators. The weather during any particular season can affect this cyclical demand for natural gas. Seasonal anomalies such as mild winters or hot summers can lessen or intensify this fluctuation. In addition, certain natural gas users utilize natural gas storage facilities and purchase some of their anticipated winter requirements during the summer. This can also lessen seasonal demand fluctuations.

Hydraulic Fracturing

We use hydraulic fracturing as a means to maximize the productivity of almost every well that we drill and complete, except in our offshore wells. Hydraulic fracturing is a necessary part of the completion process because our properties are dependent upon our ability to effectively fracture the producing formations in order to produce at economic rates. Our proved non-producing and proved undeveloped reserves make up 22.7% of the total proved reserves with approximately 57% of these requiring hydraulic fracturing as of December 31, 2020.

We believe we have followed and continue to substantially follow applicable industry standard practices and legal and regulatory requirements for groundwater protection in our hydraulic fracturing operations which are subject to supervision by state and federal regulators (including the sameU.S. Bureau of Land Management (the “BLM”) on federal acreage). These protective measures include setting surface casing at a depth sufficient to protect fresh water zones as determined by regulatory requirementsagencies and restrictions that affectcementing the well to create a permanent isolating barrier between the casing pipe and surrounding geological formations. This aspect of well design is intended to essentially eliminate a pathway for the fracturing fluid to contact any aquifers during the hydraulic fracturing operations. For recompletions of existing wells, the production casing is pressure tested prior to perforating the new completion interval.

Injection rates and pressures are monitored instantaneously and in real time at the surface during our hydraulic fracturing operations. Pressure is monitored on both the injection string and the immediate annulus to the injection string. Hydraulic fracturing operations would be shut down immediately if an abnormal change occurred to the injection pressure or annular pressure.

Certain state regulations require disclosure of the components in the solutions used in hydraulic fracturing operations. Approximately 99% of the hydraulic fracturing fluids we use are made up of water and sand, and the fluids are managed and used in accordance with applicable requirements.

Hydraulic fracture stimulation requires the use of a significant volume of water. Upon flowback of the water, we dispose of it into approved disposal or injection wells. We currently do not discharge water to the surface.

For information regarding existing and proposed governmental regulations regarding hydraulic fracturing and related environmental matters, see “— Environmental, and Occupational Health and Safety RegulationMatters and Regulations — Hydraulic Fracturing.”

19


Insurance

In accordance with customary industry practice, we maintain insurance against many, but not all, potential losses or liabilities arising from our operations and at costs that we believe to be economic. We regularly review our risks of loss and the cost and availability of insurance and revise our insurance accordingly. Our insurance does not cover every potential risk associated with our operations, including the potential loss of significant revenues. We can provide no assurance that our coverage will adequately protect us against liability from all potential consequences, damages and losses. We currently have insurance policies that include the following:

 

     Commercial General Liability;

     Oil Pollution Act Liability;

     Primary Umbrella / Excess Liability;

     Pollution Legal Liability;

     Property;

     Charterer’s Legal Liability;

     Workers’ Compensation;

     Non-Owned Aircraft Liability;

     Employer’s Liability;

     Automobile Liability;

     Maritime Employer’s Liability;

     Directors & Officers Liability;

     U.S. Longshore and Harbor Workers’;

     Employment Practices Liability;

     Energy Package/Control of Well;

     Crime; and

     Loss of Production Income (offshore only);

     Fiduciary Liability.

We continuously monitor regulatory changes and comments and consider their impact on the insurance market, along with and our overall risk profile. As necessary, we will adjust our risk and insurance program to provide protection at a level we consider appropriate, while weighing the cost of insurance against the potential and magnitude of disruption to our operations and cash flows. Changes in laws and regulations could lead to changes in underwriting standards, limitations on scope and amount of coverage, and higher premiums, including possible increases in liability caps for claims of damages from oil spills.

Environmental, Occupational Health and Safety Matters and Regulations

General

Our oil and natural gas exploration, development and production operations are subject to stringent and complex federal, regional, state and local laws and regulations governing occupational safety and health, the emission or discharge of materials into the environment, health and safety aspects of our operations, or otherwise relating to environmental protection. These laws and natural resource protection.regulations impose numerous obligations applicable to our operations including the acquisition of a permit before conducting regulated drilling activities; the restriction of types, quantities and concentration of materials that can be released into the environment; the limitation or prohibition of drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands, seismically active areas and other protected areas; the application of specific health and safety criteria addressing worker protection; and the imposition of substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from our operations. Numerous governmental entities, includingauthorities, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”), and analogous state agencies, and, in certain instances, citizens’ groups, have the power to enforce compliance with these laws and regulations and the permits issued under them, often requiring difficult and costly compliance or corrective actions. These laws and regulations may, among other things (i) require the acquisition of permits to conduct drilling and other regulated activities; (ii) restrict the types, quantities and concentration of various substances that can be released into the environment or injected into formations in connection with oil and natural gas drilling and production activities; (iii) limit or prohibit drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands and other protected areas; (iv) require remedial measures to mitigate pollution from former and ongoing operations, such as requirements to close waste pits and plug abandoned wells; (v) impose specific safety and health criteria addressing worker protection; and (vi) impose substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from drilling and production operations. Any failureFailure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the assessment of sanctions, including administrative, civil andor criminal penalties, the imposition of correctiveinvestigatory or remedial obligations, the suspension or revocation of necessary permits, licenses and authorizations, the requirement that additional pollution controls be installed and in some instances, the issuance of injunctionsorders limiting or prohibiting some or all of our operations. TheseWe may also experience delays in obtaining or be unable to obtain required permits, which may delay or interrupt our operations and limit our growth and revenue. In addition, the long-term trend in environmental regulation has been to place more restrictions and limitations on activities that may affect the environment and thus, our costs of compliance may increase if existing laws and regulations are revised or reinterpreted, or if new laws and regulations become applicable to our operations.

Under certain environmental laws that impose strict as well as joint and several liability, we may also restrictbe required to remediate contaminated properties currently or formerly owned or operated by us or facilities of third parties that received waste generated by our operations regardless of whether such contamination resulted from the rateconduct of oilothers or from consequences of our own actions that were in compliance with all applicable laws at the time those actions were taken. In addition, claims for damages to persons or property, including natural resources, may result from the environmental, health and natural gas production belowsafety impacts of our operations. Moreover, public interest in the rate that would otherwiseprotection of the environment has increased in recent years. New laws and regulations continue to be possible. The regulatory burden onenacted, particularly at the state level, and, under the Biden Administration, the long-term trend of more expansive and stringent environmental legislation and regulations applied to the crude oil and natural gas industry increases the costcould continue, resulting in increased costs of doing business in the industry and consequently affectsaffecting profitability.

Any changes in federal To the extent laws are enacted or state environmental laws and regulationsother governmental action is taken that restricts drilling or re-interpretation of applicable enforcement policies that result inimposes more stringent orand costly well construction, drilling, water management or completion activities,operating, waste handling, storage, transport, or disposal and cleanup requirements, or remediation requirements or that limit or otherwise restrict the emission of certain listed pollutants or organic compounds from wells or surface equipment could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial position. We may be unable to pass on such increased compliance costs. Moreover, accidental releases or spills may occur in the course of our operations, and we cannot assure you that we will not incur significant costs and liabilities as a result of such releases or spills, including any third-party claims for damage to property, natural resources or persons. While we believe that we are in substantial compliance with existing environmental laws and regulations and that continued compliance with current requirements would not have a material adverse effect on ourbusiness, prospects, financial condition or results of operations there is no assurance that we willcould be able to remain in compliance in the future with existing or any new laws and regulations or that future compliance with such laws and regulations will not have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.

materially adversely affected.

The following is a summary of the more significant existing and proposed environmental, and occupational health and safety laws and regulations to which our business operations are subject and for which compliance may have a material adverse impact on our capital expenditures, results of operations or financial position.

20


BOEM & BSEE

Our oil and gas operations associated with our Beta Properties are conducted on offshore leases in federal waters. The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (“BOEM”) and the BSEE have broad authority to regulate our oil and gas operations associated with our Beta Properties.

BOEM is responsible for managing environmentally and economically responsible development of the nation’s offshore resources. Its functions include offshore leasing, resource evaluation, review and administration of oil and gas exploration and development plans, renewable energy development, National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”) analysis and environmental studies. Lessees must obtain BOEM approval for exploration, development and production plans prior to the commencement of offshore operations. BOEM generally requires that lessees have substantial net worth, post supplemental bonds or provide other acceptable assurances that the obligations will be met. In October 2020, BOEM and BSEE issued a proposed rule to clarify, streamline, and provide greater transparency to financial assurance requirements, including streamlining the evaluation criteria for determining if and when additional security is required for Outer Continental Shelf (“OCS”) leases, pipeline rights-of-way and rights-of-use and easement and revising the process for issuing decommissioning obligations for facilities on the OCS. The new criteria may require lessees or operators to take additional steps to demonstrate that they have the financial ability to carry out their lease obligations. It is unclear whether BOEM and BSEE will finalize this rule under the Biden Administration.

BSEE is responsible for safety and environmental oversight of offshore oil and gas operations. Its functions include the development and enforcement of safety and environmental regulations, permitting offshore exploration, development and production, inspections, offshore regulatory programs, oil spill response and training and environmental compliance programs. BSEE regulations require offshore production facilities and pipelines located on the OCS to meet stringent engineering and construction specifications, and BSEE has proposed and/or promulgated additional safety-related regulations concerning the design and operating procedures of these facilities and pipelines, including regulations to safeguard against or respond to well blowouts and other catastrophes. BSEE regulations also restrict the flaring or venting of natural gas, prohibit the flaring of liquid hydrocarbons and govern the plugging and abandonment of wells located offshore and the installation and removal of all fixed drilling and production facilities.

BOEM and BSEE have adopted regulations providing for enforcement actions, including civil penalties and lease forfeiture or cancellation for failure to comply with regulatory requirements for offshore operations. If we fail to pay royalties or comply with safety and environmental regulations, BOEM and BSEE may require that our operations on the Beta Properties be suspended or terminated and we may be subject to civil or criminal liability.

In November 2018, a federal court prohibited BOEM and BSEE from approving any plans or issuing permits involving hydraulic fracturing and/or acid well stimulation on the Pacific OCS until the agencies complete consultation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service under the Endangered Species Act (the “ESA”) and submit a consistency determination under the Coastal Zone Management Act to the California Coastal Commission. Although we do not use either hydraulic fracturing or acid stimulation routinely in connection with our operations on the Beta Properties, delays in the approval or refusal of plans and issuance of permits by BOEM or BSEE because of staffing, economic, environmental, legal or other reasons (or other actions taken by BOEM or BSEE) could adversely affect our offshore operations. The requirements imposed by BOEM and BSEE regulations are frequently changed and subject to new interpretations. Also, in addition to permits and approvals required by BOEM and BSEE, approvals and permits are required from other agencies for the oil and gas operations associated with our Beta Properties, such as the U.S. Coast Guard, the EPA, U.S. Department of Transportation and the South Coast Air Quality Management District.

21


Hazardous Substances and WastesWaste Handling

Our operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations relating to the management and release of hazardous substances, solid and hazardous wastes and petroleum hydrocarbons. These laws generally regulate the generation, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of solid and hazardous waste and may impose strict and, in some cases, joint and several liability for the investigation and remediation of affected areas where hazardous substances may have been released or disposed. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, as amended (“CERCLA”), also knownreferred to as the Superfund law and comparable state laws impose liability, without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct, on certain classes of persons who are considered to be responsible for the release of a “hazardous substance” into the environment.deemed “responsible parties.” These classes of persons include current and prior owners or operators of the site where a release of hazardous substances occurred, prior owners or operators that owned or operated the site at the time of the release occurredor disposal of hazardous substances and entitiescompanies that disposed of or arranged for the disposal of the hazardous substances found at a site where a release has occurred.the site. Under CERCLA, these “responsible parties”persons may be subject to strict and joint and several liability for the costs of removing and cleaning up the hazardous substances that have been released into the environment, for damages to natural resources and for the costs of certain health studies. CERCLA also authorizes the EPA and, in some instances, third parties to act in response to threats to the public health or the environment and to seek to recover the costs they incur from the responsible parties the costs they incur. It is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third parties to file claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by the releaseclasses of hazardous substances or other pollutants into the environment.persons. Despite the “petroleum exclusion” of Section 101(14) of CERCLA, which currently encompasses crude oil and natural gas, we may nonetheless handle hazardous substances within the meaning of CERCLA, or similar state statutes, in the course of our ordinary operations and as a result, may be jointly and severally liable under CERCLA for all or part of the costs required to clean up sites at which these hazardous substances have been released into the environment. Also, comparable state statutes may not contain a similar exemption for petroleum, and it is also not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third parties to file common law-based claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by hazardous substances or other pollutants released into the environment. In addition, we may have liability for releases of hazardous substances at our properties by prior owners or operators or other third parties.

The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (“OPA”) is the primary federal law imposing oil spill liability. The OPA contains numerous requirements relating to the prevention of and response to petroleum releases into waters of the United States, including the requirement that operators of offshore facilities and certain onshore facilities near or crossing waterways must maintain certain significant levels of financial assurance to cover potential environmental cleanup and restoration costs. Under the OPA, strict, joint and several liability may be imposed on “responsible parties” for all containment and cleanup costs and certain other damages arising from a release, including, but not limited to, the costs of responding to a release of oil to surface waters and natural resource damages resulting from oil spills into or upon navigable waters, adjoining shorelines or in the exclusive economic zone of the United States. A “responsible party” includes the owner or operator of an onshore facility. The OPA establishes a liability limit for onshore facilities, but these liability limits may not apply if: a spill is caused by a party’s gross negligence or willful misconduct; the spill resulted from violation of a federal safety, construction or operating regulation; or a party fails to report a spill or to cooperate fully in a clean-up. We are also subject to analogous state statutes that impose liabilities with respect to oil spills. For example, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife’s Office of Oil Spill Prevention and Response have adopted oil-spill prevention regulations that overlap with federal regulations.

Certain of our operations or activities mayWe also begenerate solid wastes, including hazardous wastes, which are subject to the requirements of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as amended (“RCRA”), and comparable state statutes. Although RCRA regulates both solid and hazardous wastes, it imposes strictstringent requirements on the generation, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of hazardous wastes. Certain petroleum production wastes are excluded from RCRA’s hazardous waste regulations. These wastes, instead, are regulated under RCRA’s less stringent solid waste provisions, state laws or other federal laws. It is possible that these wastes, which could include wastes currently generated during our operations, could be designated as “hazardous wastes” in the future and, nonhazardoustherefore, be subject to more rigorous and costly disposal requirements. Indeed, legislation has been proposed from time to time in Congress to re-categorize certain oil and gas exploration and production wastes as “hazardous wastes. Under the authority of” Also, in December 2016, the EPA mostentered into a consent decree requiring it to review its regulation of oil and gas waste. In April 2019, the EPA determined that revisions to the RCRA regulations were not required, concluding that any adverse effects related to oil and gas waste are more appropriately and readily addressed within the framework of existing state regulatory programs. However, any such changes to state programs could result in an increase in our costs to manage and dispose of oil and gas waste, which could have a material adverse effect on our maintenance capital expenditures and operating expenses.

It is possible that our oil and natural gas operations may require us to manage naturally occurring radioactive materials (“NORM”). NORM is present in varying concentrations in sub-surface formations, including hydrocarbon reservoirs, and may become concentrated in scale, film and sludge in equipment that comes into contact with crude oil and natural gas production and processing streams. Some states administer some or allhave enacted regulations governing the handling, treatment, storage and disposal of NORM.

Administrative, civil and criminal penalties can be imposed for failure to comply with hazardous substance and waste handling requirements. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with the provisionsrequirements of CERCLA, OPA, RCRA, sometimes in conjunction with their own, more stringent requirements. Although RCRA currently exempts certain drilling fluids, produced waters, and other applicable federal and related state and local laws and regulations, and that we hold all necessary and up-to-date permits, registrations and other authorizations required under such laws and regulations. Although we believe that the current costs of managing our hazardous substances and wastes associated with exploration, development and productionas they are presently classified are reflected in our budget, any legislative or regulatory reclassification of oil and natural gas from regulationexploration and production wastes could increase our costs to manage and dispose of such wastes.

22


Water Discharges

The Federal Water Pollution Control Act (the “Clean Water Act”), the Safe Drinking Water Act (“SDWA”), the OPA and analogous state laws, impose restrictions and strict controls with respect to the discharge of pollutants, including oil and hazardous substances, into navigable waters of the United States, as hazardous wastes, we can provide no assurance that this exemption will be preservedwell as state waters. The discharge of pollutants into regulated waters is prohibited, except in accordance with the future. From time to timeterms of a permit issued by the EPA or an analogous state agency. These laws and regulations also prohibit certain activity in wetlands unless authorized by a permit issued by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (“Corps”). In June 2015, the EPA and analogous state agencies have considered repealing or modifying this exemption, and citizens’ groups have also petitioned the agencyCorps issued a rule to consider its repeal. Most recently, in August 2015, nonprofit environmental groups filed a noticerevise the definition of intent to sue“waters of the United States” (“WOTUS”) for all Clean Water Act programs, which was repealed by the EPA regarding its failure to review the RCRA E&P waste exemptionon October 22, 2019 and subsequently filed an action for a declaratory judgment on May 4, 2016.became effective in December 2019. In December 2016, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia approved a consent decree betweenJanuary 2020, the EPA and thesethe Corps announced the final rule, the Navigable Water Protection Rule (“NWPR”), revising the definition of WOTUS, which was published in April 2020 and went into effect in June 2020. The new definition narrows the scope of waters that are covered as jurisdictional. Several groups have already challenged the NWPR. At President Biden’s direction, the EPA and the Corps requested the litigation be stayed while the agencies review the NWPR. As a result, future implementation is uncertain at this time. To the extent a stay of this rule or the implementation of a revised rule expands the scope of the Clean Water Act's jurisdiction, or impacts available agency resources, the Company could face increased costs and/or delays with respect to obtaining permits for dredge and fill activities in wetland areas.

The EPA has also adopted regulations requiring certain oil and natural gas exploration and production facilities to obtain individual permits or coverage under general permits for storm water discharges. Costs may be associated with the treatment of storm water or developing and implementing storm water pollution prevention plans, as well as for monitoring and sampling the storm water runoff from certain of our facilities. Some states also maintain groundwater protection programs that require permits or specify other requirements for discharges or operations that may impact groundwater conditions. These same regulatory programs may also limit the total volume of water that can be discharged, hence limiting the rate of development and requiring us to incur compliance costs. Additionally, we are required to develop and implement spill prevention, control and countermeasure plans, in connection with on-site storage of significant quantities of oil.

These laws and any implementing regulations provide for administrative, civil and criminal penalties for any unauthorized discharges of oil and other substances in reportable quantities and may impose substantial potential liability for the costs of removal, remediation and damages. Additionally, obtaining permits has the potential to delay the development of natural gas and oil projects. We maintain all required discharge permits necessary to conduct our operations and we believe we are in substantial compliance with their terms.

In addition, in some instances, the operation of underground injection wells for the disposal of wastewater has been alleged to cause earthquakes. For example, in February 2015, the EPA released a report with findings and recommendations related to public concern about induced seismic activity from disposal wells. The report recommends strategies for managing and minimizing the potential for significant injection-induced seismic events. In some jurisdictions, such issues have led to orders prohibiting continued injection or the suspension of drilling in certain wells identified as possible sources of seismic activity or resulted in stricter regulatory requirements relating to the location and operation of underground injection wells. Such issues have also led to lawsuits by private parties alleging damages relating to induced seismicity. For example, the Railroad Commission of Texas (the “Commission”) requires applicants for new disposal wells that will receive non-hazardous produced water and hydraulic fracturing flowback fluid to conduct seismic activity searches utilizing the U.S. Geological Survey, which are intended to determine the potential for earthquakes within a circular area of 100 square miles around a proposed, new disposal well. The Commission is authorized to modify, suspend or terminate a disposal well permit if scientific data indicates a disposal well is likely to contribute to seismic activity. The Commission is also considering new restrictions that could limit the volume and pressure of produced water injected into disposal wells. Additionally, we conduct oil and gas drilling and production operations in the Mississippian Lime formation in Oklahoma, a high-water play, which requires us to dispose of large volumes of saltwater generated as part of our operations. In 2015, the Oklahoma Geological Survey attributed an increase in seismic activity in Oklahoma to saltwater disposal wells in the Arbuckle formation. Around the same time, the Oklahoma Corporation Commission (“OCC”), whose Oil and Gas Conservation Division regulates oil and gas operations in Oklahoma, began issuing regulations targeting saltwater disposal activities in certain areas of interest within the Arbuckle formation. The regulations include operational requirements (i.e., mechanical integrity testing of wells permitted for disposal of 20,000 or more barrels of water per day, daily monitoring and recording of well pressure and discharge volume), as well as orders to shut-in wells, reduce well depths, or decrease disposal volumes. Under these regulations, in 2016 and 2017, the OCC ordered us to limit the volume of saltwater disposed of in saltwater disposal wells in the Arbuckle formation, and it established caps for ten of our saltwater disposal wells in February 2017. To ensure that we had an adequate number of wells for disposal, we secured permits for additional saltwater disposal wells outside of the Arbuckle formation. We timely satisfied all OCC saltwater disposal requirements, while maintaining our production base without any negative material impact. However, any future orders or regulations addressing concerns about seismic activity from well injection in jurisdictions where we operate could affect or curtail our operations.

23


Hydraulic Fracturing

We use hydraulic fracturing extensively in our onshore operations, but not our offshore operations. Hydraulic fracturing is an essential and common practice in the oil and gas industry used to stimulate production of natural gas and/or oil from low permeability subsurface rock formations. Hydraulic fracturing involves using water, sand and certain chemicals to fracture the hydrocarbon-bearing rock formation to allow flow of hydrocarbons into the wellbore. While hydraulic fracturing has historically been regulated by state oil and natural gas commissions, the practice has become increasingly controversial in certain parts of the country, resulting in increased scrutiny and regulation. In June 2016, the EPA finalized wastewater pretreatment standards that prohibit onshore unconventional oil and natural gas extraction facilities from sending wastewater to review and issuepublicly-owned treatment works. In July 2019, after a notice of proposed rulemakinglegal challenge by environmental groups, the EPA declined to revise these rules, and, for certain facilities, compliance was required by August 2019. This restriction of disposal options for hydraulic fracturing waste and other changes to environmental requirements may result in increased costs.

In addition, in March 2015, the E&P waste exemptionBLM published a final rule governing hydraulic fracturing on federal and Indian lands. The rule required public disclosure of chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing, implementation of a casing and cementing program, management of recovered fluids and submission to the BLM of detailed information about the proposed operation, including wellbore geology, the location of faults and fractures and the depths of all usable water. Following years of litigation, the BLM rescinded the rule in December 2017. However, several environmental groups and states have challenged the BLM’s rescission of the rule in ongoing litigation.

Several states have also adopted, or are considering adopting, regulations requiring the disclosure of the chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing and/or otherwise imposing additional requirements for hydraulic fracturing activities. For example, Oklahoma requires oil and gas producers to report the chemicals they use in hydraulic fracturing to FracFocus.org, a determination that revision is not necessary. Repealnational hydraulic fracturing chemical registry, or modificationto the OCC, which will convey the information to FracFocus.org. The Louisiana Department of this exemption or similar exemptions under state law could have a significant impact on our operating costsNatural Resources has adopted rules requiring the public disclosure of the composition and volume of fracturing fluids used in hydraulic fracturing operations. Also, Texas requires oil and natural gas operators to disclose to the Commission and the public the chemicals used in the hydraulic fracturing process, as well as the total volume of water used. Texas has also imposed requirements for drilling, putting pipe down and cementing wells, and testing and reporting requirements.

Certain governmental reviews have been conducted that focus on environmental aspects of hydraulic fracturing practices, which could lead to increased regulation. For example, in December 2016, the EPA released a study examining the potential for hydraulic fracturing activities to impact drinking water resources, finding that, under some circumstances, the use of water in hydraulic fracturing activities can impact drinking water resources. The EPA has also issued a draft study of onshore conventional and unconventional oil and natural gas extraction wastewater management, and conducted a study of private wastewater treatment facilities, also known as centralized waste treatment facilities, accepting oil and gas extraction wastewater. Other governmental agencies, including the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the U.S. Government Accountability Office, have evaluated various other aspects of hydraulic fracturing. In addition, as discussed above, BOEM and BSEE completed a study in May 2016 regarding the potential environmental impacts of well-stimulation practices on the Pacific OCS. These studies could spur initiatives to further regulate hydraulic fracturing and could ultimately make it more difficult or costly for us to perform fracturing and increase our costs of compliance and doing business.

Additionally, a number of lawsuits and enforcement actions have been initiated across the country alleging that hydraulic fracturing practices have induced seismic activity and adversely impacted drinking water supplies, use of surface water, and the environment generally. Several states and municipalities have adopted, or are considering adopting, regulations that could restrict or prohibit hydraulic fracturing in certain circumstances. We believe that we follow standard industry practices and legal requirements applicable to our hydraulic fracturing activities. Nonetheless, in general. The impactthe event of new or more stringent federal, state or local legal restrictions are adopted in areas where we are currently conducting, or in the future revisionsplan to environmentalconduct operations, we may incur additional costs to comply with such requirements that may be significant in nature, experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, or production activities, and perhaps even be precluded from the drilling of wells. If new laws andor regulations cannot be predicted. that significantly restrict hydraulic fracturing are adopted, such laws could make it more difficult or costly for us to perform fracturing to stimulate production from tight formations as well as make it easier for third parties opposing the hydraulic fracturing process to initiate legal proceedings based on allegations that specific chemicals used in the fracturing process could adversely affect groundwater or otherwise have negative impacts.

24


In any event,addition, if hydraulic fracturing is further regulated at present, these excluded wastes arethe federal, state or local level, our fracturing activities could become subject to regulationadditional permitting and financial assurance requirements, more stringent construction specifications, increased monitoring, reporting and recordkeeping obligations, plugging and abandonment requirements and also to attendant permitting delays and potential increases in costs. For example, the U.S. Congress has from time to time considered legislation to amend the SDWA, including legislation that would repeal the exemption for hydraulic fracturing from the definition of “underground injection” and require federal permitting and regulatory control of hydraulic fracturing, as RCRA nonhazardous wastes. In addition, we generate petroleum hydrocarbon wastes and ordinary industrial wasteswell as legislative proposals to require disclosure of the chemical constituents of the fluids used in the coursefracturing process. Such legislative changes could cause us to incur substantial compliance costs, and compliance or the consequences of any failure to comply by us could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. At this time, it is not possible to estimate the impact on our business of newly enacted or potential federal or state legislation governing hydraulic fracturing, and any of the above risks could impair our ability to manage our business and have a material adverse effect on our operations, that may become regulated as RCRA hazardous wastes if such wastes have hazardous characteristics.

We currently own or lease,cash flows and have in the past owned or leased, properties that have been used for numerous years to explore and produce oil and natural gas. Although we have utilized operating and disposal practices that were standard in the industry at the time, petroleum hydrocarbons and wastes may have been disposed of or released on or under the properties owned or leased by us or on or under other locations where these petroleum hydrocarbons and wastes have been taken for recycling or disposal. In addition, certain of these properties have been operated by third parties whose treatment and disposal or release of petroleum hydrocarbons and wastes was not under our control. We could be required to remove or remediate previously disposed wastes (including wastes disposed of or released by prior owners or operators), to clean up contaminated property (including contaminated groundwater) and to perform remedial operations to prevent future contamination.financial position.

Air Emissions

The federal Clean Air Act, as amended (“CAA”), and comparable state laws regulate emissionsrestrict the emission of various air pollutants from many sources, including compressor stations, through air emissions standards, construction and operating permitting programsthe issuance of permits and the imposition of other compliance requirements. TheseThe South Coast Air Quality Management District (“SCAQMD”) is a regulatory subdivision of the State of California and responsible for air pollution control from stationary sources within Orange County and designated portions of Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties. Our Beta Properties and associated facilities are subject to regulation by the SCAQMD. Federal, SCAQMD, and other state laws and regulations may require us to obtain pre-approval for the construction or modification of certain projects or facilities expected to produce or significantly increase air emissions, obtain and strictly comply with stringent air permit requirements or utilize specific equipment or technologies to control emissions of certain pollutants.

The needNew Source Performance Standards (“NSPS”) and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (“NESHAP”) programs under the CAA impose specific requirements affecting the oil and gas industry for emissions from compressors, controllers, dehydrators, storage vessels, natural gas processing plants, completions and certain other equipment. Periodic review and revision of these rules by federal and state agencies may require changes to our operations, including possible installation of new equipment to control emissions. We continuously evaluate the effect of new rules on our business. For example, in August 2019, the EPA issued a proposed rule to rescind the methane requirements for certain sources in the production and processing segments of the oil and gas industry; the rulemaking, known as the Reconsideration Rule, was finalized in September 2020. On January 20, 2021, President Biden issued an Executive Order directing the EPA to rescind the Reconsideration rule by September 2021. Separately, in September 2020, the EPA finalized the Review Rule rescinding requirements related to the regulations of methane emissions from the oil and natural gas industry. Both rules are subject to ongoing litigation; therefore, the scope of future obligations continues to remain uncertain. Similarly, in September 2018, the BLM issued a rule that relaxes or rescinds certain requirements of regulations it previously enacted to reduce methane emissions from venting, flaring, and leaks during oil and gas operations on public lands; this rule was invalidated in federal district court. Any future changes to the NSPS and NESHAP programs, and other air quality programs, may require us to obtain pre-approval for the expansion or modification of existing facilities or the construction of new facilities expected to produce air emissions, impose stringent air permit requirements, or utilize specific equipment or technologies to control emissions. Compliance with such rules could result in significant costs, including increased capital expenditures and operating costs and could adversely impact our business.

We may be required to incur certain capital expenditures in the next few years for air pollution control equipment in connection with maintaining or obtaining operating permits addressing air emission related issues, which may have a material adverse effect on our operations. Obtaining permits also has the potential to delay the development of oil and natural gas projects. Over the next several years, we may be required to incur certain capital expenditures for air pollution control equipment or other air emissions related issues. For example, in May 2016, the EPA issued final rules that require the reduction of volatile organic compoundprojects and methane emissions from additional new, modified or reconstructed oil and gas emissions sources (the “2016 NSPS Rules”). In May 2017, the EPA announced a 90-day stay of portions of the 2016 NSPS Rules, which stay was vacated in part by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit on July 3, 2017. The EPA also proposed a two year stay of portions of the 2016 NSPS Rules on June 12, 2017, for which the public notice and comment period closed on August 9, 2017. These new regulations could, among other things, require installation of new emission controls on some of the drilling program’s equipment and production facilities, result in longer permitting timelines, and significantly increase our capital expenditures and drilling program’s operating costs, which could adversely impact our business. Compliance with any one or more of these requirements could increase our costs of development, and production, which costs could be significant. We believe that we currently are in substantial compliance with all air emissions regulations and that we hold all necessary and valid construction and operating permits for our current operations.

Regulation of “Greenhouse Gas” Emissions

Climate Change

Based on the EPA’s determinationIn response to findings that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases (“GHGs”) present an endangerment to public health and the environment, becausethe EPA has adopted and implemented regulations to restrict emissions of such gases are, according to the EPA, contributing to the warming of the earth’s atmosphere and other climatic changes, the agency has adopted regulationsGHGs under existing provisions of the federal CAA that, among other things, establish pre-construction and operating permit reviews for GHGCAA. For example, the EPA, as well as the BLM, have issued rules to reduce methane emissions from certain large stationaryoil and natural gas production and processing operations, which regulations are discussed in more detail above under the caption “Air Emissions.” Several states are pursuing similar measures to regulate emissions of methane from new and existing sources that already are potential major sources of certain principal, or criteria, pollutant emissions. Facilities required to obtain permits for their GHG emissions also will be required to meet “best available control technology” standards that typically will be established bywithin the states.oil and natural gas source category. In addition, the EPA has adopted regulations requiring the monitoring and annual reporting of GHG emissions from specified sources in the United States, including, among others, certain oil and natural gas production facilities, which includesinclude certain of our operations. Most recently, in May 2016, the EPA finalized rulesThe adoption and implementation of any regulations imposing reporting obligations on, or limiting emissions of GHGs from, our equipment and operations could require us to incur costs to reduce methane emissions from new, modifiedof GHGs associated with our operations or reconstructed sources incould adversely affect demand for the oil and natural gas sector. In November 2016, the Bureauwe produce. Such climate change regulatory and legislative initiatives could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of Land Management (“BLM”) issued final rulesoperations.

25


While Congress has from time to time considered legislation to reduce methane emissions from venting, flaring, and leaks during oil and gas operations on public lands. However,of GHGs, there has not been significant activity in the Departmentform of the Interior (the parent department of BLM) announced in October 2017 that it would delay the effectiveness of certain aspects of the BLM methane rules intendedadopted legislation to go into effect in January 2018. We cannot predict which areas, if any, the EPA may choose to regulate with respect toreduce GHG emissions next.

Aat the federal level in recent years. In the absence of such federal climate legislation, a number of state andstates have taken legal measures to reduce emissions of GHGs, including through the planned development of GHGs emission inventories and/or regional efforts have emerged that are aimed at tracking and/or reducing GHG emissions by means ofGHGs cap and trade programs that typically require major sources of GHG emissions to acquire and surrender emission allowances in return for emitting those GHGs. Onprograms. In addition, on an international level, the United States was one of almostnearly 200 nationscountries to sign an international climate change agreement in Paris, France that is partyrequires member countries to the Paris Agreement adoptedset their own GHG emission reduction goals beginning in December 2015 to reduce global GHG emissions.2020. However, on June 1, 2017, President Trump announced that the United States wouldformally announced its intent to withdraw from the Paris Agreement and that it would potentially seekin November 2019, which became effective in November 2020. On January 20, 2021, President Biden issued written notification to renegotiatethe United Nations of the United States’ intention to rejoin the Paris Agreement, which will become effective on more favorable terms. Although President Trump hasFebruary 19, 2021. In addition, various states and local governments vowed to continue to enact regulations to achieve the authority to unilaterally withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement, per the termsgoals of the Paris Agreement,Agreement.

Restrictions on GHG emissions that may be imposed could adversely affect the oil and natural gas industry. Any GHG regulation could increase our costs of compliance by potentially delaying the receipt of permits and other regulatory approvals; requiring us to monitor emissions, install additional equipment or modify facilities to reduce GHG and other emissions; purchase emission credits; and utilize electric driven compression at facilities to obtain regulatory permits and approvals in a timely manner. While we are subject to certain federal GHG monitoring and reporting requirements, our operations are not adversely impacted by existing federal, state and local climate change initiatives and, at this time, it is not possible to accurately estimate how potential future laws or regulations addressing GHG emissions would impact our business.

In addition, claims have been made against certain energy companies alleging that GHG emissions from oil and natural gas operations constitute a public nuisance or have caused other redressable injuries under federal and/or state common law. While our business is not a party to any such litigation, we could be named in actions making similar allegations. An unfavorable ruling in any such case could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Moreover, any legislation or regulatory programs to reduce GHG emissions could increase the cost of consuming, and thereby reduce demand for, the oil and natural gas we produce. Consequently, legislation and regulatory programs to reduce emissions of GHGs could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Incentives to conserve energy or use alternative energy sources as a withdrawalmeans of addressing climate change could also reduce demand for the oil and natural gas we produce. In addition, parties concerned about the potential effects of climate change have directed their attention at sources of funding for energy companies, which has resulted in certain financial institutions, funds and other sources of capital, restricting or eliminating their investment in oil and natural gas activities. Finally, it should be noted that most scientists have concluded that increasing concentrations of GHGs in the Earth’s atmosphere may notproduce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, floods and other climatic events; if any such effects were to occur, they could have an adverse effect on our development and production operations.

National Environmental Policy Act

Oil and natural gas exploration and production activities on federal lands are subject to the National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”). NEPA requires federal agencies, including the U.S. Departments of the Interior and Agriculture, to evaluate major federal actions having the potential to significantly impact the human environment. In the course of such evaluations, an agency typically evaluates the potential direct, indirect and cumulative impacts of a proposed project. If impacts are considered significant, the agency will prepare a detailed environmental impact statement that is made available for public review and comment. In July 2020, the White House’s Council on Environmental Quality published a final rule to amend the NEPA implementing regulations intended to streamline the environmental review process, including shortening the time for review as well as eliminating the requirement to evaluate cumulative impacts. The new regulations are subject to ongoing litigation in several federal districts and thus potential impacts of this rule on our business are uncertain at this time. All of our current development and production activities, as well as proposed development plans, on federal lands, including those in the Pacific Ocean, require governmental permits that are subject to the requirements of NEPA. This environmental review process has the potential to delay the development of oil and natural gas projects. Authorizations under NEPA also are subject to protest, appeal or litigation, which can delay or halt projects.

26


Endangered Species Act and Migratory Bird Treaty Act

The federal ESA and analogous state statutes restrict activities that may adversely affect endangered and threatened species or their habitat. In August 2019, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (the “FWS”) and National Marine Fisheries Service issued three rules amending implementation of the ESA regulations revising, among other things, the process for listing species and designating critical habitat. A coalition of states and environmental groups have challenged these rules and the litigation remains pending. In addition, on December 18, 2020, the FWS amended its regulations governing critical habitat designations. We anticipate the rule will be made until three years fromsubject to litigation. Similar protections are offered to migratory birds under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (“MBTA”) , which makes it illegal to, among other things, hunt, capture, kill, possess, sell, or purchase migratory birds, nests, or eggs without a permit. This prohibition covers most bird species in the U.S. On January 7, 2021, the Department of the Interior finalized a rule limiting application of the MBTA, however the Department of the Interior under President Biden delayed the effective date of the Paris Agreement,rule and opened a public comment period for further review. Future implementation of the rules implementing the ESA and the MBTA are uncertain. The designation of previously unidentified endangered or threatened species in areas where we operate could cause us to incur additional costs or become subject to operating delays, restrictions or bans. Numerous species have been listed or proposed for protected status in areas in which we currently, or could in the future, undertake operations. The presence of protected species in areas where we operate could impair our ability to timely complete or carry out those operations, lose leaseholds as we may not be permitted to timely commence drilling operations, cause us to incur increased costs arising from species protection measures, and, consequently, adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.

Occupational Safety and Health Act

We are also subject to the requirements of the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (“OSHA”) and comparable state laws that regulate the protection of the health and safety of employees. In addition, OSHA’s hazard communication standard requires that information be maintained about hazardous materials used or produced in our operations and that this information be provided to employees, state and local government authorities and citizens. Other OSHA standards regulate specific worker safety aspects of our operations. For example, under a new OSHA standard limiting respirable silica exposure, the oil and gas industry must implement engineering controls and work practices to limit exposures below the new limits by June 2021. Failure to comply with OSHA requirements can lead to the imposition of penalties. We believe that our operations are in substantial compliance with the OSHA requirements.

Other Regulation of the Oil and Natural Gas Industry

The oil and natural gas industry is extensively regulated by numerous federal, state and local authorities. Legislation affecting the oil and natural gas industry is under constant review for amendment or expansion, frequently increasing the regulatory burden on our assets. Additionally, numerous departments and agencies, both federal and state, are authorized by statute to issue rules and regulations that are binding on the oil and natural gas industry and its individual members, some of which carry substantial penalties for failure to comply. Although the regulatory burden on the oil and natural gas industry increases our cost of doing business and, consequently, affects our profitability, these burdens generally do not affect us any differently or to any greater or lesser extent than they affect other companies in the oil and natural gas industry with similar types, quantities and locations of production.

Legislation continues to be introduced in Congress, and the development of regulations continues in the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and other agencies concerning the security of industrial facilities, including oil and natural gas facilities. Our operations may be subject to such laws and regulations. Presently, it is not possible to accurately estimate the costs we could incur to comply with any such facility security laws or regulations, but such expenditures could be substantial.

Drilling and Production

Our operations are subject to various types of regulation at federal, state and local levels. These types of regulation include requiring permits for the drilling of wells, drilling bonds and reports concerning operations. Most states, and some counties and municipalities, in which we operate also regulate one or more of the following:

the location of wells;

the method of drilling and casing wells;

the surface use and restoration of properties upon which wells are drilled;

the plugging and abandoning of wells;

transportation of materials and equipment to and from our well sites and facilities;

transportation and disposal of produced fluids and natural gas; and

notice to surface owners and other third parties.


State laws regulate the size and shape of drilling and spacing units or proration units governing the pooling of oil and natural gas properties. Some states allow forced pooling or integration of tracts to facilitate exploration, while other states rely on voluntary pooling of lands and leases. In some instances, forced pooling or unitization may be implemented by third parties and may reduce our interest in the unitized properties. In addition, state conservation laws establish maximum rates of production from oil and natural gas wells, generally prohibit the venting or flaring of natural gas and impose requirements regarding the ratability of production. These laws and regulations may limit the amount of oil and natural gas we can produce from our wells or limit the number of wells or the locations at which we can drill. Moreover, each state generally imposes a production or severance tax with respect to the production and sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs within its jurisdiction.

Sale and Transportation of Gas and Oil

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”) has jurisdiction over the construction and operations of interstate gas pipeline facilities and the rates terms and conditions of service under which companies provide interstate transportation of gas, oil and other liquids by pipeline. Although the FERC does not have jurisdiction over the production of gas, the FERC exercises regulatory authority over wholesale sales of gas in interstate commerce through the issuance of blanket marketing certificates that authorize the wholesale sale of gas at market rates and the imposition of a code of conduct on blanket marketing certificate holders that regulate certain affiliate interactions. The FERC does not regulate the sale of oil or petroleum products or the construction of oil or other liquids pipelines. The FERC also has oversight of the performance of wholesale natural gas markets, including the authority to facilitate price transparency and to prevent market manipulation. In furtherance of this authority, the FERC imposed an annual reporting requirement on all industry participants, including otherwise non-jurisdictional entities, engaged in wholesale physical natural gas sales and purchases in excess of a minimum level. These agency actions have been intended to foster increased competition within all phases of the gas industry. To date, the FERC’s pro-competition policies have not materially affected our business or operations. It is unclear what impact, if any, future rules or increased competition within the gas industry will have on our gas sales efforts.

The FERC and other federal agencies, the U.S. Congress or state legislative bodies and regulatory agencies may consider additional proposals or proceedings that might affect the gas or oil industries. We cannot predict when or if these proposals will become effective or any effect they may have on our operations. We do not believe, however, that any such proposal will affect us any differently than it would affect other gas or oil producers with which we compete.

The Beta Properties include the San Pedro Bay Pipeline Company, which owns and operates an offshore crude oil pipeline. This pipeline is subject to regulation by the FERC under the Interstate Commerce Act and the Energy Policy Act of 1992. Tariff rates for liquids pipelines, which include both crude oil pipelines and refined products pipelines, must be just and reasonable and not unduly-discriminatory. FERC regulations require that interstate oil pipeline transportation rates and terms of service be filed with the FERC and posted publicly. The FERC has established a formulaic methodology for oil and liquids pipelines to change their rates within prescribed ceiling levels that are tied to an inflation index. The FERC reviews the formula every five years. Effective July 1, 2016, the current index for the five-year period ending July 2021 is the producer price index for finished goods plus an adjustment factor of 1.23 percent. The San Pedro Bay Pipeline Company uses the indexing methodology to change its rates.

The Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act requires that all pipelines operating on or across the OCS provide open access, non-discriminatory transportation service. BOEM/BSEE has established formal and informal complaint procedures for shippers that believe they have been denied open and nondiscriminatory access to transportation on the OCS.

The U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (“PHMSA”) regulates the safety of all pipeline transportation in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, including pipeline facilities on the OCS. The San Pedro Bay pipeline is subject to regulation by the PHMSA. In recent years, PHMSA has been active in proposing and finalizing additional regulations for natural gas and hazardous liquids pipelines. For example, in January 2017, PHMSA finalized new regulations for hazardous liquid pipelines that significantly extend and expand the reach of certain PHMSA integrity management requirements (i.e., periodic assessments, repairs and leak detection), regardless of the pipeline’s proximity to a high consequence areas (“HCA”). The final rule also requires all pipelines in or affecting an HCA to be capable of accommodating in-line inspection tools within the next 20 years. In addition, the final rule extends annual and accident reporting requirements to gravity lines and all gathering lines and also imposes inspection requirements on pipelines in areas affected by extreme weather events and natural disasters, such as hurricanes, landslides, floods, earthquakes, or other similar events that are likely to damage infrastructure. In addition, in April 2016, PHMSA proposed a rule regarding the safety of natural gas transmission pipelines and gas gathering pipelines. In October 2019, PHMSA issued a final rule on the natural gas transmission lines portion of the April 2016 rulemaking, but PHMSA has not yet issued a final rule on the gathering lines portion of the April 2016 rulemaking. If the pending gathering-pipeline portion of the rulemaking ultimately includes a final rule that applies similar requirements to gathering lines as the final rule for natural gas transmission lines, some gathering pipeline operators may be forced to reduce their allowable operating pressures, which would reduce the amount of capacity available to the Company. As PHMSA has yet to finalize this rulemaking as applied to gathering lines, however, it is uncertain what impact the final rule may have on the Company.

28


Moreover, effective April 2017, the PHMSA adopted new rules increasing the maximum administrative civil penalties for violation of the pipeline safety laws and regulations. PHMSA updates the maximum administrative civil penalties each year to account for inflation, and as of January 2021, the penalty limits are up to $222,504 per violation per day and up to $2,225,034 for a related series of violations. The PHMSA has also issued a final rule applying safety regulations to certain rural low-stress hazardous liquid pipelines that were not covered previously by some of its safety regulation. Federal and state legislative and regulatory initiatives relating to pipeline safety that require the use of new or more stringent safety controls or result in more stringent enforcement of applicable legal requirements could subject us to increased capital costs, operational delays and costs of operation.

Anti-Market Manipulation Laws and Regulations

The FERC with respect to the purchase or sale of natural gas or the purchase or sale of transmission or transportation services subject to FERC jurisdiction and the Federal Trade Commission with respect to petroleum and petroleum products, operating under various statutes have each adopted anti-market manipulation regulations, which prohibit, among other things, fraud and price manipulation in the respective markets. These agencies hold substantial enforcement authority, including the ability to assess substantial civil penalties, to order repayment or disgorgement of profits and to recommend criminal penalties. Should we violate the anti-market manipulation laws and regulations, we could also be subject to related third-party damage claims by, among others, sellers, royalty owners and taxing authorities.

Derivatives Regulation

Comprehensive financial reform legislation was signed into law by the President on July 21, 2010 (“Dodd-Frank Act”). This legislation called for the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) to regulate certain markets for derivative products, including over-the-counter derivatives. The CFTC has issued several new relevant regulations and rulemakings to implement Dodd-Frank Act the mandate to cause significant portions of derivatives markets to clear through clearinghouses, along with other mandated changes. While some of these rules have been finalized, some have not and, as a result, the final form and timing of the implementation of the new regulatory regime affecting commodity derivatives remains uncertain.

In particular, on October 18, 2011, the CFTC adopted final rules under the Dodd-Frank Act establishing position limits for certain energy commodity futures and options contracts and economically equivalent swaps, futures and options. The CFTC’s final rules were challenged in court by two industry associations and were vacated and remanded by a federal district court. Subsequently, the CFTC proposed new rules in November 2013 and December 2016. In January 2020, the CFTC withdrew the 2013 and 2016 proposals, and issued a new proposed rule, which includes limits on positions in (1) certain “Core Referenced Futures Contracts,” including contracts for several energy commodities; (2) futures and options on futures that are directly or indirectly linked to the price of a Core Referenced Futures Contract, or to the same commodity for delivery at the same location as specified in that Core Referenced Futures Contract; and (3) economically equivalent swaps. The proposal also includes exemptions from position limits for bona fide hedging activities. The proposal is not yet final, and it remains subject to public comment and subsequent revision by the CFTC. Consequently, the impact of the proposed rule on the Company and its counterparties is uncertain at this time.

The Dodd-Frank Act and new, related regulations may prompt counterparties to our derivative instruments to spin off some of their derivatives activities to separate entities, which may not be as creditworthy as the current counterparties. The new legislation and any new regulations could significantly increase the cost of derivative contracts, materially alter the terms of derivative contracts, reduce the availability of derivatives to protect against risks we encounter, reduce our ability to monetize or restructure our existing derivative contracts, and increase our exposure to less creditworthy counterparties. If we reduce our use of derivatives as a result of the legislation and regulations, our results of operations may become more volatile and our cash flows may become less predictable, which could adversely affect our ability to plan for and fund capital expenditures and to generate sufficient cash flow to pay quarterly distributions at current levels or at all. Our revenues could be adversely affected if a consequence of the legislation and regulations is to lower commodity prices. Any of these consequences could have a material, adverse effect on us, our financial condition and our results of operations. Our use of derivative financial instruments does not eliminate our exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices and interest rates and has in the past and could in the future result in financial losses or reduce our income.

Our sales of oil and natural gas are also subject to anti-manipulation and anti-disruptive practices authority under (i) the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”), as amended by the Dodd-Frank Act, and regulations promulgated thereunder by the CFTC, and (ii) the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (“EISA”) and regulations promulgated thereunder by the FTC. The CEA, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Act, prohibits any person from using or employing any manipulative or deceptive device in connection with any swap, or a contract for sale of any commodity, or for future delivery on such commodity, in contravention of the CFTC’s rules and regulations. It also prohibits knowingly delivering or causing to be delivered false, misleading or inaccurate reports concerning market information or conditions that affect or tend to affect the price of any commodity. The FTC’s Petroleum Market Manipulation Rule, issued pursuant to EISA, prohibits fraudulent or deceptive conduct (including false or misleading statements of material fact) in connection with wholesale purchases or sales of crude oil or refined petroleum products. Under both the CEA and the EISA, fines for violations can be up to $1,000,000 per day per violation (subject to adjustment for inflation) and certain knowing or willful violations may also lead to a felony conviction.

29


Additional proposals and proceedings that may affect the crude oil and natural gas industry are pending before the U.S. Congress, federal agencies and the courts. The Company cannot predict the ultimate impact these proposals may have on its crude oil and natural gas operations, but the Company does not expect any such action to affect the Company differently than it will affect other gas or oil producers with which we compete.

State Regulation

Various states regulate the drilling for, and the production, gathering and sale of, oil and natural gas, including imposing severance taxes and requirements for obtaining drilling permits. For example, the baseline Texas severance tax on oil and gas is 4.6% of the market value of oil produced and 7.5% of the market value of gas produced and saved. A number of exemptions from or reductions of the severance tax on oil and gas production is provided by the State of Texas which effectively lowers the cost of production. States also regulate the method of developing new fields, the spacing and operation of wells and the prevention of waste of natural gas resources. States may regulate rates of production and may establish maximum daily production allowable from natural gas wells based on market demand or resource conservation, or both. States do not regulate wellhead prices or engage in other similar direct economic regulation, but there can be no assurance that they will not do so in the future. The effect of these regulations may be to limit the amount of oil and natural gas that may be produced from our wells and to limit the number of wells or locations we can drill.

The petroleum industry is also subject to compliance with various other federal, state and local regulations and laws. Some of those laws relate to resource conservation and equal employment opportunity. We do not believe that compliance with these laws will have a material adverse effect on us.

Human Capital

Employees and Labor Relations

At December 31, 2020, the Company had 189 employees, none of whom are represented by labor unions or covered by any collective bargaining agreement. We strive to create a high-performing culture and positive work environment that allows us to attract and retain a diverse group of talented individuals who can foster the Company’s success. To attract and retain top talent, our human resources programs are designed to reward and incentivize our employees through competitive compensation practices, our commitment to employee health and safety, training and talent development and commitment to diversity and inclusion.  

Compensation

We operate in a highly competitive environment and have designed our compensation program to attract, retain and motivate talented and experienced individuals. Our compensation philosophy is designed to align our workforce’s interests with those of our stakeholders and to reward them for achieving the Company’s business and strategic objectives and driving shareholder value. We consider competitive market compensation paid by our peers and other companies comparable to the us in size, geographic location and operations in order to ensure compensation remains competitive and fulfills our goal of recruiting and retaining talented employees.

Safety

Safety is our highest priority, and we are dedicated to the wellbeing of our employees, contractors, business partners, stakeholders and the environment. We promote safety with a robust health and safety program, which includes employee orientation and training, contractor management, risk assessments, hazard identification and mitigation, audits, incident reporting and investigation, and corrective and preventative action development.

In addition, we employ environmental, health and safety personnel at each of our asset locations, who provide in-person safety training and regular safety meetings. We also utilize learning management software to provide safety training on a variety of topics, and we contract with third-party technical experts, as needed, to facilitate training on specialized topics that are unique to each of our areas of operation. Our Total Recordable Incident Rate (TRIR), a commonly used safety metric that normalizes injury rates among Company employees and contractors across companies of all sizes, has decreased from 0.34 in 2019 to zero in 2020. This is directly attributable to the Company’s and its employees’ commitment to and focus on safety.

Health and Wellness

We support our employees and their families by offering a robust package of health and welfare benefits, medical, dental, and vision insurance plans for employees and their families, life insurance and long-term disability plans, paid time off for holidays, vacation, sick leave, and other personal leave, and health and dependent care savings accounts. We also provide our employees with a 401(k) plan that includes a competitive company match, and employees have access to a variety of resources and services to help them plan for retirement.

In addition to these programs, we have several other programs designed to further promote the health and wellness of our employees, as well as an employee assistance program that offers counseling and referral services for a broad range of personal and family situations.

30


In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, commencing in the first quarter of 2020, we implemented proactive measures to protect the health and safety of our employees. These measures have included implementation of a COVID-19 leave program to allow employees to take time off when they or their family members contract COVID-19, implementation of health screenings, COVID-19 testing for our offshore workforce, allowing employees to work remotely to reduce the number of employees on site in our field areas to comply with social distancing guidelines, maintaining social distancing policies, requiring the use of masks in compliance with governmental mandates, frequently and extensively disinfecting common areas, performing contact tracing protocols, if and when necessary, and implementing quarantine requirements, among other things. We are committed to maintaining best practices with our COVID-19 response protocols and will continue to work under the guidance of public health officials to ensure a safe workplace as long as COVID-19 remains a threat to our employees and communities.

Training and Development

We are committed to the training and development of our employees. We believe that supporting our employees in achieving their career and development goals is a key element of our approach to attracting and retaining top talent. We encourage our employees to advance their knowledge and skills and to network with other professionals in order to pursue career advancement and potential future opportunities with the Company. Our employees are able to attend training seminars and off-site workshops or to join professional associations that will enable them to remain up-to-date on the latest changes and best practices in their respective fields.

Diversity and Inclusion

We are committed to providing a diverse and inclusive workplace and career development opportunities to attract and retain talented employees. We recognize that a diverse workforce provides the opportunity to obtain unique perspectives, experiences, ideas, and solutions to help our business succeed. To that end, we prohibit discrimination and harassment of any type and afford equal employment opportunities to employees and applicants without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, genetic information, veteran status, or any other basis protected by federal, state or local law. Further, we forbid retaliation against any individual who reports, claims, or makes a charge of discrimination or harassment, fraud, unethical conduct, or a violation of our Company policies. To sustain and promote an inclusive culture, we maintain a robust compliance program rooted in our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and other Company policies, which provide policies and guidance on non-discrimination, anti-harassment, and equal employment opportunities. We require all employees to complete periodic training sessions on various aspects of our corporate policies through an annual acknowledgement and certification process.

Offices

Our principal executive office is located at 500 Dallas Street, Suite 1700, Houston, Texas 77002. Our main telephone number is (713) 490-8900.

Available Information

Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8–K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act are made available free of charge on our website at www.amplifyenergy.com as soon as reasonably practicable after these reports have been electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Our website also includes our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, Corporate Governance Guidelines and the charters of our audit committee, compensation committee and nominating & governance committee. The information contained on, or connected to, our website is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K and should not be considered part of this or any other report that we file with or furnish to the SEC.

The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding the Company at www.sec.gov.

31


ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

Our business and operations are subject to many risks. The risks described below, in addition to the risks described in “Item 1. Business” of this annual report, may not be the only risks we face, as our business and operations may also be subject to risks that we do not yet know of, or that we currently believe are immaterial. You should carefully consider the following risk factors together with all of the other information included in this Annual Report, including the financial statements and related notes, when deciding to invest in us. You should be aware that the occurrence of any of the events described in this Risk Factors section and elsewhere in this annual report could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows and the trading price of our securities could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business

Oil, natural gas and NGL prices are volatile, due to factors beyond our control, and greatly affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Any decline in, or sustained low levels of, oil, natural gas and NGL prices will cause a decline in our cash flow from operations, which could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our revenues, operating results, profitability, liquidity, future growth and the value of our assets depend primarily on prevailing commodity prices. Historically, oil and natural gas prices have been volatile and fluctuate in response to changes in supply and demand, market uncertainty, and other factors that are beyond our control, including:

the regional, domestic and foreign supply of oil, natural gas and NGLs;

the level of commodity prices and expectations about future commodity prices;

the level of global oil and natural gas exploration and production;

localized supply and demand fundamentals, including the proximity and capacity of pipelines and other transportation facilities, and other factors that result in differentials to benchmark prices from time to time;

the cost of exploring for developing, producing and transporting reserves;

the price and quantity of foreign imports;

political and economic conditions in oil producing countries;

the ability of members of the OPEC to agree to and maintain oil price and production controls;

speculative trading in crude oil and natural gas derivative contracts;

the level of consumer product demand;

weather conditions and other natural disasters;

risks associated with operating drilling rigs;

technological advances affecting exploration and production operations and overall energy consumption;

domestic and foreign governmental regulations and taxes;

the impact of energy conservation efforts;

the continued threat of terrorism and the impact of military and other action;

the price and availability of competitors’ supplies of oil and natural gas and alternative fuels; and

overall domestic and global economic conditions.

These factors and the volatility of the energy markets make it extremely difficult to predict future oil, natural gas and NGL price movements with any certainty. For example, for the five years ended December 31, 2020, the NYMEX-WTI oil future price ranged from a high of $76.41 per Bbl to a low of $(37.63) per Bbl, while the NYMEX-Henry Hub natural gas future price ranged from a high of $4.84 per MMBtu to a low of $1.48 per MMBtu. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the WTI posted prices ranged from a high of $63.27 per Bbl on January 6, 2020 to a low of $(37.63) per Bbl on April 20, 2020 and NYMEX-Henry Hub natural gas market price ranged from a high of $3.35 per MMBtu on October 30, 2020 to a low of $1.48 per MMBtu on June 25, 2020. Likewise, NGLs, which are made up of ethane, propane, isobutane, normal butane and natural gasoline, each of which has different uses and different pricing characteristics, have sustained depressed realized prices during this period and are generally correlated with the price of oil. A further or extended decline in commodity prices could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

32


If commodity prices decline further or remain depressed for a prolonged period, a significant portion of our development projects may become uneconomic and cause further write downs of the value of our oil and natural gas properties, which may adversely affect our financial condition and our ability to fund our operations.

As discussed above, oil, natural gas and NGL prices have experienced significant volatility over the past few years. A further or extended decline in commodity prices could render many of our development and production projects uneconomical and result in a downward adjustment of our reserve estimates, which would reduce our borrowing base and our ability to fund our operations.

We recognized $477.0 million and $2.2 million in impairment expense for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. A further or extended decline in commodity prices may cause us to recognize additional impairments in the value of our oil and natural gas properties. In addition, if our estimates of development costs increase, production data factors change or drilling results deteriorate, accounting rules may require us to write down, as a non-cash charge to earnings, the carrying value of our oil and natural gas properties for impairments. We may in the future incur impairment charges that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in the period taken and our ability to borrow funds under our Revolving Credit Facility.

The oversupply of oil and natural gas and lower demand caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the failure of oil producing countries to sufficiently curtail production and general global economic instability may result in transportation and storage constraints, reduced production or the shut-in of our producing wells, any of which would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic, which continues to spread throughout the United States. The spread of COVID-19 has caused significant volatility in U.S. and international markets. There is significant uncertainty regarding the breadth and duration of business disruptions related to COVID-19, as well as its impact on the U.S. and international economies. The outbreak of COVID-19 in the United States and the uncertainty of its impact, has contributed to an unprecedented oversupply of and decline in demand for oil and natural gas. At this time, the full extent to which COVID-19 will negatively impact the global economy and our business is uncertain.

In addition, in March 2020, oil prices severely declined following unsuccessful negotiations between members of OPEC and certain nonmembers, including Russia, to implement production cuts in an effort to decrease the global oversupply and to rebalance supply and demand due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. In April 2020, members of OPEC and Russia agreed to temporary production reductions, but uncertainty about whether such production cuts and/or the duration of such reductions will be sufficient to rebalance supply and demand remains and may continue for the foreseeable future.

To the extent that the COVID-19 pandemic continues to negatively impact demand and OPEC members and other oil exporting nations fail to take actions aimed at supporting and stabilizing commodity prices, we expect there to be excess supply of oil and natural gas for a sustained period. This excess supply could, in turn, result in transportation and storage capacity constraints, as well as shut-ins and production curtailment in the United States. If, in the future, our transportation and/or storage capacity becomes constrained, we may be required to shut-in wells or curtail production, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, uncertainties regarding the global economic and financial environment could lead to an extended national or global economic recession. A slowdown in economic activity caused by a recession would likely reduce national and worldwide demand for oil and natural gas and result in lower commodity prices. Costs of exploration, development and production have not yet adjusted to current economic conditions, or in proportion to the significant reduction in product prices.

Over the past several years, capital and credit markets for the oil and natural gas industry have experienced volatility and disruption. Further market volatility and disruption and concerns regarding borrower solvency may substantially diminish the availability of funds from those markets, increase the cost of accessing the credit markets, subject borrowers to stricter lending standards, or may cause lenders to cease providing funding to borrowers, any of which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business operations, financial position, results of operations, and cash flows have been and may be adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted, and may continue to negatively impact, the global economy which has led to, among other things, reduced global demand for oil and natural gas and significant volatility and disruption of financial and commodity markets.

We experienced substantial decreases in our revenues in the first quarter of 2020, which negatively impacted our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and outlook during 2020. The adverse effects of COVID-19 included or may in the future include the following:

Historically low crude oil prices;

Curtailment or shutting in of production;


Delay or cessation of workover projects;

Insufficient production to satisfy transportation and processing commitments;

Impairment of assets;

Reductions in the borrowing base of our Revolving Credit Facility;

Reductions in the volume and value of proved reserves from price declines and the effects of shutting in production;

Limitations on the ability to market our production;

Our ability to repay or refinance indebtedness, increase our credit facility commitments, borrow money, or raise capital;

Credit losses due to insolvency of customers, joint interest owners, and counterparties;

Cyber incidents or information security breaches resulting in information theft, data corruption, operational disruption, and/or financial loss as a consequence of employees accessing information from remote work locations; and

Shortages of equipment and personnel in future periods of commodity price recovery.

The extent to which COVID-19 and depressed commodity price impact our results of operations, financial position and liquidity will depend on future developments, which are uncertain and cannot be predicted, including but not limited to, the availability of effective treatments and vaccines, the ultimate duration of the pandemic, and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume. Therefore, the degree and duration of the adverse financial impact of the pandemic cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.

We may be unable to maintain compliance with the covenants in the Revolving Credit Facility, which could result in an event of default thereunder that, if not cured or waived, would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

Under our Revolving Credit Facility, we are required to maintain (i) as of the date of determination, a maximum total debt to EBITDAX ratio of 4.00 to 1.00, (ii) a current ratio of not less than 1.00 to 1.00, and (iii) maintain a minimum hedging requirement to at least 30%-60% of our estimated production from total proved developed producing reserves. If we were to violate any of the covenants under the Revolving Credit Facility and were unable to obtain a waiver or amendment, it would be considered a default after the expiration of any applicable grace period. If we were in default under the Revolving Credit Facility, then the lenders may exercise certain remedies including, among others, declaring all borrowings outstanding thereunder, if any, immediately due and payable. This could adversely affect our operations and our ability to satisfy our obligations as they come due, because we might not have, or be able to obtain, sufficient funds to make these accelerated payments. In addition, our obligations under our Revolving Credit Facility are secured by mortgages on not less than 90% of the PV-9 value of our oil and gas properties (and at least 90% of the PV-9 value of the proved, developed and producing oil and gas properties), and if we are unable to repay our indebtedness under our Revolving Credit Facility, the lenders could seek to foreclose on our assets.

Restrictive covenants in our Revolving Credit Facility could limit our growth and our ability to finance our operations, fund our capital needs, respond to changing conditions and engage in other business activities that may be in our best interests.

Restrictive covenants in our Revolving Credit Facility impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us and our subsidiaries. These restrictions limit our ability to, among other things:

incur additional liens;

incur additional indebtedness;

merge, consolidate or sell our assets;

pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase or redeem our stock;

make certain investments; and

enter into transactions with our affiliates.

The Revolving Credit Facility also requires us to comply with certain financial maintenance covenants as discussed above. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under the Revolving Credit Facility. If a default occurs and remains uncured or unwaived, the administrative agent or majority lenders under the Revolving Credit Facility may elect to declare all borrowings outstanding thereunder, if any, together with accrued interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable. The administrative agent or majority lenders under the Revolving Credit Facility would also have the right in these circumstances to terminate any commitments they have to provide further borrowings. If we are unable to repay our indebtedness when due or declared due, the administrative agent will also have the right to proceed against the collateral pledged to it to secure the indebtedness under the Revolving Credit Facility. If such indebtedness were to be accelerated, our assets may not be sufficient to repay in full our secured indebtedness.

34


We may also be prevented from taking advantage of business opportunities that arise because of the limitations imposed on us by the restrictive covenants in the Revolving Credit Facility. The terms and conditions of the Revolving Credit Facility affect us in several ways, including:

requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to service our existing debt, thereby reducing the cash available to finance our operations and other business activities and could limit our flexibility in planning for or reacting to changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;

increasing our vulnerability to economic downturns and adverse developments in our business;

limiting our ability to access the capital markets to raise capital on favorable terms or to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures or acquisitions or to refinance existing indebtedness;

placing restrictions on our ability to obtain additional financing, make investments, lease equipment, sell assets and engage in business combinations;

placing us at a competitive disadvantage relative to competitors with lower levels of indebtedness in relation to their overall size or less restrictive terms governing their indebtedness; and

limiting management’s discretion in operating our business.

Our lenders periodically redetermine the amount we may borrow under our Revolving Credit Facility, which may materially impact our operations.

Our Revolving Credit Facility allows us to borrow in an amount up to the borrowing base, which is November 4, 2019,primarily based on the estimated value of our oil and natural gas properties and our commodity derivative contracts as determined semi-annually by our lenders in their sole discretion. The borrowing base is subject to redetermination on at least a semi-annual basis primarily based on an engineering report with respect to our estimated natural gas, oil and NGL reserves, which takes into account the prevailing natural gas, oil and NGL prices at such time, as adjusted for the impact of our commodity derivative contracts. Accordingly, declining commodity prices may have an impact on the amount we can borrow, which could affect our cash flows and ability to execute on our business plans. Any reduction in the borrowing base would materially and adversely affect our business and financing activities, limit our flexibility and management’s discretion in operating our business, and increase the risk that we may default on our debt obligations. In addition, as hedges roll off, the borrowing base is subject to further reduction. Our Revolving Credit Facility requires us to repay any deficiency over a certain period or pledge additional oil and gas properties to eliminate such deficiency, which we are required to do within 30 days of notice to do so. If our outstanding borrowings exceed the borrowing base and we are unable to repay the deficiency or pledge additional oil and gas properties to eliminate such deficiency, our failure to repay any of the installments due related to the borrowing base deficiency would constitute an event of default under the Revolving Credit Facility and as such, the lenders could declare all outstanding principal and interest to be due and payable, could freeze our accounts, or foreclose against the assets securing the obligations owed under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our debt service obligations to increase significantly.

Borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at variable rates and expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on the variable rate indebtedness would increase even if the amount borrowed remained the same, and our net income and cash available for servicing our indebtedness would decrease.

Our hedging strategy may not effectively mitigate the impact of commodity price volatility from our cash flows, and our hedging activities could result in cash losses and may limit potential gains.

We intend to maintain a portfolio of commodity derivative contracts covering at least 30% - 60% of our estimated production from proved developed producing reserves over a one-to-three-year period at any given point in time. Additionally, to satisfy the hedging covenants in our Revolving Credit Facility, we are expected to hedge 65% and 45% of our estimated production from total proved developed reserves for calendar years 2021 and 2022, respectively. These commodity derivative contracts include natural gas, oil and NGL financial swaps. The prices and quantities at which we enter into commodity derivative contracts covering our production in the future will be dependent upon oil and natural gas prices and price expectations, at the time we enter into these transactions, which may be substantially higher or lower than current or future oil and natural gas prices. Accordingly, our price hedging strategy may not protect us from significant declines in oil, natural gas and NGL prices received for our future production. Many of the derivative contracts to which we will be a party will require us to make cash payments to the extent the applicable index exceeds a predetermined price, thereby limiting our ability to realize the benefit of increases in oil, natural gas and NGL prices. If our actual production and sales for any period are less than our hedged production and sales for that period (including reductions in production due to operational delays) or if we are unable to perform our drilling activities as planned, we might be forced to satisfy all or a portion of our hedging obligations without the benefit of the cash flow from our sale of the underlying physical commodity, which may materially impact our liquidity.

35


An increase in the differential between the NYMEX or other benchmark prices of oil and natural gas and the wellhead price we receive for our production could significantly reduce our cash flow and adversely affect our financial condition.

The prices that we receive for our oil and natural gas production often reflect a regional discount, based on the location of production, to the relevant benchmark prices, such as NYMEX or ICE, that are used for calculating hedge positions. The prices we receive for our production are also affected by the specific characteristics of the production relative to production sold at benchmark prices. For example, our California oil typically has a lower gravity, and a portion has higher sulfur content, than oil sold at certain benchmark prices. Therefore, because our oil requires more complex refining equipment to convert it into high value products, it may sell at a discount to those prices. These discounts, if significant, could reduce our cash flows and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Our estimated reserves and future production rates are based on many assumptions that may turn out to be inaccurate. Any material inaccuracies in our reserve estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the quantities and present value of our estimated reserves.

It is not possible to measure underground accumulations of oil or natural gas in an exact way. The process of estimating natural gas and oil reserves is complex. It requires interpretations of available technical data and many assumptions, including assumptions relating to current and future economic conditions and commodity prices. Any significant inaccuracies in these interpretations or assumptions could materially affect our estimated quantities and present value of our reserves.

In order to prepare our estimates, we must project production rates and timing of operating and development expenditures. We must also analyze available geological, geophysical, production and engineering data. The extent, quality and reliability of this data can vary.

The process also requires economic assumptions about matters such as natural gas and oil prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital expenditures and availability of funds.

Actual future production, oil prices, natural gas prices, revenues, development expenditures, operating expenses and quantities of recoverable reserves will vary from our estimates. Any significant variance could materially affect the estimated quantities and present value of our reserves. In addition, we may adjust our reserve estimates to reflect production history, results of development, existing commodity prices and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.

You should not assume that the present value of future net revenues from our reserves is the current market value of our estimated reserves. We generally base the estimated discounted future net cash flows from our reserves on prices and costs on the date of the estimate. Actual future prices and costs may differ materially from those used in the present value estimate.

Any material inaccuracies in these reserve estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the quantities and present value of our reserves, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

The standardized measure of our estimated proved reserves is not necessarily the same as the current market value of our estimated proved oil and natural gas reserves.

The present value of future net cash flows from our proved reserves shown in this report, or standardized measure, may not be the current market value of our estimated natural gas and oil reserves. In accordance with rules established by the SEC and the FASB, we base the estimated discounted future net cash flows from our proved reserves on the trailing 12-month average oil and gas index prices, calculated as the unweighted arithmetic average for the first-day-of-the-month price for each month and costs in effect on the date of the estimate, holding the prices and costs constant throughout the life of the properties. Actual future prices and costs may differ materially from those used in the net present value estimate, and future net present value estimates using then current prices and costs may be significantly less than the current estimate. In addition, the 10% discount factor we use when calculating discounted future net cash flows for reporting requirements, which is required by the SEC and FASB, is not necessarily the most appropriate discount factor based on interest rates in effect from time to time and risks associated with us or the natural gas and oil industry in general.

The failure to replace our proved oil and natural gas reserves could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, production and cash flows.

Producing oil and natural gas reservoirs are characterized by declining production rates that vary depending upon reservoir characteristics and other factors. Our future oil and natural gas reserves and production and therefore our cash flow are highly dependent on our success in efficiently developing and exploiting our current reserves. Our production decline rates may be significantly higher than currently estimated if our wells do not produce as expected. Further, our decline rate may change when we drill additional wells or make acquisitions. We may not be able to develop, find or acquire additional reserves to replace our current and future production at economically acceptable terms, which would materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

36


If we reduce our capital spending in an effort to conserve cash, this would likely result in production being lower than anticipated, and could result in reduced revenues, cash flow from operations and income. Further, if the borrowing base under our Revolving Credit Facility decreases, or our revenues decrease, as a result of lower oil or natural gas prices or for any other reason, we may not be able to obtain the capital necessary to sustain our operations.

Developing and producing oil and natural gas are costly and high-risk activities with many uncertainties that may result in a total loss of investment or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our drilling activities are subject to many risks, including the risk that we will not discover commercially productive reservoirs. Drilling for oil and natural gas often involves unprofitable efforts, not only from dry holes, but also from wells that are productive but do not produce sufficient oil or natural gas to return a profit at then-realized prices after deducting drilling, operating and other costs. The seismic data and other technologies we use do not allow us to know conclusively prior to drilling a well that oil or natural gas is present or that it can be produced economically. The costs of our development and production activities are subject to numerous uncertainties beyond our control and increases in those costs can adversely affect the economics of a project. Further, our development and production operations may be curtailed, delayed, canceled or otherwise negatively impacted as a result of other factors, including:

high costs, shortages or delivery delays of rigs, equipment, labor, electrical power or other services;

unusual or unexpected geological formations;

composition of sour natural gas, including sulfur, carbon dioxide and other diluent content;

unexpected operational events and conditions;

failure of down hole equipment and tubulars;

loss of wellbore mechanical integrity;

failure, unavailability or shortage of capacity of gathering and transportation pipelines, or other transportation facilities;

human errors, facility or equipment malfunctions and equipment failures or accidents, including acceleration of deterioration of our facilities and equipment due to the highly corrosive nature of sour natural gas;

title problems;

loss of drilling fluid circulation;

hydrocarbon or oilfield chemical spills;

fires, blowouts, surface craterings and explosions;

surface spills or underground migration due to uncontrollable flows of oil, natural gas, formation water or well fluids;

delays imposed by or resulting from compliance with environmental and other governmental or regulatory requirements; and

adverse weather conditions and natural disasters.

Any of these risks can cause substantial losses, including personal injury or loss of life, damage to or destruction of property, natural resources and equipment, pollution, environmental contamination or loss of wells and other regulatory penalties. In the event that planned operations are delayed or cancelled, or existing wells or development wells have lower than anticipated production due to one or more of the factors above or for any other reason, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected. If any of these factors were to occur with respect to a particular field, we could lose all or a part of our investment in the field or we could fail to realize the expected benefits from the field, either of which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Expenses not covered by our insurance could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.

Our operations are subject to all of the hazards and operating risks associated with drilling for and production of oil and natural gas, including natural disasters, the risk of fire, explosions, blowouts, surface cratering, uncontrollable flows of natural gas, oil and formation water, pipe or pipeline failures, abnormally pressured formations, casing collapses and environmental hazards such as oil spills, natural gas leaks, ruptures or discharges of toxic gases, all of which could cause substantial financial losses. In addition, our operations are subject to risks associated with hydraulic fracturing, including any mishandling, surface spillage or potential underground migration of fracturing fluids, including chemical additives. The location of any properties and other assets near populated areas, including residential areas, commercial business centers and industrial sites, could significantly increase the level of potential damages resulting from these risks. The occurrence of any of these or other similar events could result in substantial losses to us due to injury or loss of life, severe damage to or destruction of property, natural resources and equipment, pollution or other environmental damage, clean-up responsibilities, regulatory investigation and penalties, suspension or disruption of operations, substantial revenue losses and repairs to resume operations.

37


We maintain insurance coverage against potential losses that we believe is customary in the industry. However, insurance against all operational risk is not available to us. These insurance policies may not cover all liabilities, claims, fines, penalties or costs and expenses that we may incur in connection with our business and operations, including those related to environmental claims. Pollution and environmental risks generally are not fully insurable. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain adequate insurance at rates we consider reasonable. We may elect not to obtain insurance if we believe that the cost of available insurance is excessive relative to the perceived risks presented. A liability, claim or other loss not fully covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The production from our Wyoming Bairoil properties could be adversely affected by the cessation or interruption of the supply of CO2 to those properties.

We inject water and CO2 into formations on substantially all of the Wyoming Bairoil properties to increase production of oil and natural gas. The additional production and reserves attributable to the use of enhanced recovery methods are inherently difficult to predict. If we are unable to produce oil and gas by injecting CO2 in the manner or to the extent that we anticipate, our future results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. Additionally, our ability to utilize CO2 to enhance production is subject to our ability to obtain sufficient quantities of CO2. If, under our CO2 supply contracts, the supplier is unable to deliver its contractually required quantities of CO2 to us, or if our ability to access adequate supplies is impeded, then we may not have sufficient CO2 to produce oil and natural gas in the manner or to the extent that we anticipate, and our future oil and gas production volumes will be negatively impacted.

Many of our properties are in areas that may have been partially depleted or drained by offset wells.

Many of our properties are in areas that may have already been partially depleted or drained by earlier offset drilling. The owners of leasehold interests lying contiguous or adjacent to or adjoining any of our properties could take actions, such as drilling additional wells that could adversely affect our operations. When a new well is completed and produced, the pressure differential in the vicinity of the well causes the migration of reservoir fluids towards the new wellbore (and potentially away from existing wellbores). As a result, the drilling and production of these potential locations could cause a depletion of our proved reserves and may inhibit our ability to further exploit and develop our reserves.

Our expectations for future development activities are planned to be realized over several years, making them susceptible to uncertainties that could materially alter the occurrence or timing of such activities.

We have identified drilling, recompletion and development locations and prospects for future drilling, recompletion and development. These drilling, recompletion and development locations represent a significant part of our future drilling and enhanced recovery opportunity plans. We cannot predict in advance of drilling, testing and analysis of data whether any particular drilling location will yield production in sufficient quantities to recover drilling or completion costs or to be economically viable. Even if sufficient amounts of oil or natural gas reserves exist, we may damage the potentially productive hydrocarbon bearing formation or experience mechanical difficulties while drilling or completing the well, possibly resulting in a reduction in production from the well or abandonment of the well. If we drill dry holes in our current and future drilling locations, our drilling success rate may decline and materially harm our business. Our ability to drill, recomplete and develop locations depends on a number of factors, including the availability of capital, seasonal conditions, regulatory approvals, negotiation of agreements with third parties, commodity prices, costs, the generation of additional seismic or geological information, the availability of drilling rigs, drilling results, construction of infrastructure and lease expirations. Because of these uncertainties, we cannot be certain of the timing of these activities or that they will ultimately result in the realization of estimated proved reserves or meet our expectations for success. As such, our actual drilling and enhanced recovery activities may materially differ from our current expectations, which could have a significant adverse effect on our estimated reserves, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Part of our strategy involves using horizontal drilling and completion techniques, which involve risks and uncertainties in their application.

Our operations involve utilizing some of the latest drilling and completion techniques as developed by us and our service providers. Risks that we face while drilling horizontal wells include, but are not limited to, the following:

landing our wellbore in the desired drilling zone;

staying in the desired drilling zone while drilling horizontally through the formation;

running our casing the entire length of the wellbore; and

being able to run tools and other equipment consistently through the horizontal wellbore.


Risks that we face while completing our wells include, but are not limited to, the following:

the ability to fracture stimulate the target reservoir formation as planned, including the planned number of stages;

the ability to run tools the entire length of the wellbore during completion operations; and

the ability to successfully clean out the wellbore after completion of the final fracture stimulation stage.

If our drilling results are less than anticipated, the return on our investment for a particular project may not be as attractive as we anticipated and we could incur material write-downs of unevaluated properties, and the value of our undeveloped acreage could decline in the future.

Our use of 2-D and 3-D seismic data is subject to interpretation and may not accurately identify the presence of oil and natural gas, which could adversely affect the results of our drilling operations.

Even when properly used and interpreted, 2-D and 3-D seismic data and visualization techniques are only tools used to assist geoscientists in identifying subsurface structures and hydrocarbon indicators and do not enable the interpreter to know whether hydrocarbons are, in fact, present in those structures. In addition, the use of 3-D seismic and other advanced technologies requires greater predrilling expenditures than traditional drilling strategies and we could incur losses as a result of such expenditures. As a result, our drilling activities may not be successful or economical, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

SEC rules could limit our ability to book additional PUDs in the future.

SEC rules require that, subject to limited exceptions, PUDs may only be booked if they relate to wells scheduled to be drilled within five years after the date of booking. This requirement has limited and will likely continue to limit our ability to book additional PUDs as we pursue our drilling program, especially in a time of depressed commodity prices. Moreover, we may be required to write down our PUDs if we do not drill those wells within the required five-year timeframe.

The unavailability or high cost of rigs, equipment, supplies and crews could delay our operations, increase our costs and delay forecasted revenue.

Our industry is cyclical, and historically there have been periodic shortages of rigs, equipment, supplies and crew. Sustained declines in oil and natural gas prices may reduce the number of service providers for such rigs, equipment, supplies and crews, contributing to or resulting in shortages. Alternatively, during periods of higher oil and natural gas prices, the demand for rigs, equipment, supplies and crews is increased and can lead to shortages of, and increasing costs for, development equipment, supplies, services and personnel. Shortages of, or increasing costs for, experienced development crews and oil field equipment and services could restrict the Company’s ability to drill the wells and conduct the operations that it currently has planned relating to the fields where our properties are located. In addition, some of our operations require supply materials for production, such as CO2, which could become subject to shortages and increased costs. Any delay in the development of new wells or a significant increase in development costs could reduce our revenues and impact our development plan, which would thus affect our financial conduction, results of operations and our cash flows.

We may incur losses as a result of title defects in the properties in which we invest.

The existence of a material title deficiency can render a lease worthless and can adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. While we typically obtain title opinions prior to commencing drilling operations on a lease or in a unit, the failure of title may not be discovered until after a well is drilled, in which case we may lose the lease and the right to produce all or a portion of the minerals under the property.

Development and production of oil and natural gas in offshore waters has inherent and historically higher risk than similar activities onshore.

Our offshore operations are subject to a variety of operating risks specific to the marine environment, such as a dependence on a limited number of electrical transmission lines, as well as capsizing, collisions and damage or loss from adverse weather conditions. Offshore activities are subject to more extensive governmental regulation than our other oil and natural gas activities. We are vulnerable to the risks associated with operating offshore California, including risks relating to:

impacts of climate change and natural disasters such as earthquakes, tidal waves, mudslides, fires and floods;

oil field service costs and availability;

compliance with environmental and other laws and regulations;

remediation and other costs resulting from oil spills, releases of hazardous materials and other environmental and natural resource damages; and

failure of equipment or facilities.


In addition to lost production and increased costs, these hazards could cause serious injuries, fatalities, contamination or property damage for which we could be held responsible. The potential consequences of these hazards are particularly severe for us because a significant portion of our offshore operations are conducted in environmentally sensitive areas, including areas with significant residential populations and public and commercial infrastructure. An accidental oil spill or release on or related to offshore properties and operations could expose us to joint and several strict liability, without regard to fault, under applicable law for all containment and oil removal costs and a variety of public and private damages including, but not limited to, the costs of remediating a release of oil, natural resource damages, and economic damages suffered by persons adversely affected by an oil spill. If an oil discharge or substantial threat of discharge were to occur, we may be liable for costs and damages, which costs and damages could be material to our business, financial condition or results of operations and could subject us to criminal and civil penalties. Finally, maintenance activities undertaken to reduce operational risks can be costly and can require exploration, exploitation and development operations to be curtailed while those activities are being completed.

Adverse developments in our operating areas could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our properties are located in the Rockies, federal waters offshore Southern California, East Texas / North Louisiana, Oklahoma and Eagle Ford. An adverse development in the oil and natural gas business of any of these geographic areas, such as in our ability to attract and retain field personnel or in our ability to comply with local regulations, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We are dependent upon a small number of significant customers for a substantial portion of our production sales.The loss of those customers, if not replaced, could reduce our revenues and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We had three customers that each accounted for 10% or more of total reported revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020. The loss of these customers or any significant customer, should we be unable to replace them, could adversely affect our revenues and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Also, if any significant customer reduces the volume it purchases from us, we could experience a temporary interruption in sales of, or may receive a lower price for, our production, and our revenues and cash flows could decline. We cannot assure you that any of our customers will continue to do business with us or that we will continue to have access to suitably liquid markets for our future production. See “Item 1. Business — Operations — Marketing and Major Customers.”

The inability of our significant customers to meet their obligations to us may adversely affect our financial results.

We are subject to credit risk due to concentration of our oil and natural gas receivables. The inability or failure of our significant customers, or any purchasers of our production, to meet their payment obligations to us or their insolvency or liquidation could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. To the extent that purchasers of our production rely on access to the credit or equity markets to fund their operations, there could be an increased risk that those purchasers could default in their contractual obligations to us. If for any reason we were to determine that it was probable that some or all of the accounts receivable from any one or more of the purchasers of our production were uncollectible, we would recognize a charge in the earnings of that period for the probable loss and could suffer a material reduction in our liquidity and cash flows.

We are exposed to trade credit risk in the ordinary course of our business activities.

We are exposed to risks of loss in the event of nonperformance by our vendors and other counterparties. Some of our vendors and other counterparties may be highly leveraged and subject to their own operating and regulatory risks. Many of our vendors and other counterparties finance their activities through cash flow from operations, the incurrence of debt or the issuance of equity. The combination of reduction of cash flow resulting from declines in commodity prices and the lack of availability of debt or equity financing may result in a significant reduction in our vendors’ and other counterparties’ liquidity and ability to make payments or perform on their obligations to us. Even if our credit review and analysis mechanisms work properly, we may experience financial losses in our dealings with other parties. Any increase in the nonpayment or nonperformance by our vendors and/or counterparties could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Conservation measures and technological advances could reduce demand for oil and natural gas.

Fuel conservation measures, alternative fuel requirements, increasing consumer demand for alternatives to oil and natural gas, technological advances in fuel economy and energy generation devices could reduce demand for oil and natural gas. The impact of the changing demand for oil and natural gas services and products may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

40


We may be unable to compete effectively with larger companies.

The oil and natural gas industry is intensely competitive with respect to acquiring prospects and productive properties, marketing oil and natural gas and securing equipment and trained personnel. Our ability to acquire additional properties and to discover reserves in the future will depend on our ability to evaluate and select suitable properties and to consummate transactions in a highly competitive environment. Many of our larger competitors not only drill for and produce oil and natural gas but also carry on refining operations and market petroleum and other products on a regional, national or worldwide basis and many of our competitors have access to capital at a lower cost than that available to us. These companies may be able to pay more for oil and natural gas properties and evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of properties than our financial, technical or personnel resources permit. In addition, there is substantial competition for investment capital in the oil and natural gas industry. These larger companies may have a greater ability to continue development activities during periods of low oil and natural gas prices and to absorb the burden of present and future federal, state, local and other laws and regulations. Furthermore, we may not be able to aggregate sufficient quantities of production to compete with larger companies that are able to sell greater volumes of production to intermediaries, thereby reducing the realized prices attributable to our production. Any inability to compete effectively with larger companies could have a material adverse impact on our business activities, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our business depends in part on pipelines, gathering systems and processing facilities owned by us or others. Any limitation in the availability of those facilities could interfere with our ability to market our oil and natural gas production.

The marketability of our oil and natural gas production depends in part on the availability, proximity and capacity of pipelines and other transportation methods, gathering systems and processing facilities owned by third parties. The amount of oil and natural gas that can be produced and sold is subject to curtailment in certain circumstances, such as pipeline interruptions due to scheduled and unscheduled maintenance, excessive pressure, physical damage or lack of contracted capacity on such systems. For example, our ability to produce and sell oil from the Beta Properties will depend on the availability of the pipeline infrastructure between platforms as well as the San Pedro Bay Pipeline for delivery of that oil to shore, and any unavailability of that pipeline infrastructure or pipeline could cause us to shut in all or a portion of the production from the Beta Properties for the length of such withdrawalunavailability. Our access to transportation options can also be affected by U.S. federal and state regulation of oil and natural gas production and transportation, general economic conditions and changes in supply and demand. The curtailments arising from these and similar circumstances may last from a few days to several months. In many cases, we are provided with only becomes effective one year afterlimited, if any, notice as to when these circumstances will arise and their duration. Any significant curtailment in gathering system or transportation or processing facility capacity could reduce our ability to market our oil and natural gas production and harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We have limited control over the noticeactivities on properties we do not operate.

Some of withdrawalthe properties in which we have an interest are operated by other companies and involve third-party working interest owners. As a result, we have limited ability to influence or control the operation or future development of such properties, including compliance with environmental, safety and other regulations, or the amount of capital expenditures that we will be required to fund with respect to such properties. Moreover, we are dependent on the other working interest owners of such projects to fund their contractual share of the capital expenditures of such projects. In addition, a third-party operator could also decide to shut-in or curtail production from wells, or plug and abandon marginal wells, on properties owned by that operator during periods of lower crude oil or natural gas prices. These limitations and our dependence on the operator and third-party working interest owners for these projects could cause us to incur unexpected future costs, lower production and materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to complex federal, state, local and other laws and regulations that could adversely affect the cost, manner or feasibility of conducting our operations.

Our oil and natural gas development and production operations are subject to complex and stringent laws and regulations administered by governmental authorities vested with broad authority relating to the exploration for and the development, production and transportation of, oil and natural gas. To conduct our operations in compliance with these laws and regulations, we must obtain and maintain numerous permits, approvals and certificates from various federal, state and local governmental authorities. We may incur substantial costs in order to maintain compliance with these existing laws and regulations. Failure to comply with laws and regulations applicable to our operations, including any evolving interpretation and enforcement by governmental authorities, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

41


Our oil and natural gas development and production operations are also subject to stringent and complex federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the discharge of materials into the environment, worker health and safety aspects of our operations, or otherwise relating to environmental protection. These laws and regulations may impose numerous obligations applicable to our operations including the acquisition of a permit before conducting regulated drilling activities; the restriction of types, quantities and concentration of materials that can be released into the environment; the limitation or prohibition of drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands, seismically active areas and other protected areas; the application of specific health and safety criteria addressing worker protection; and the imposition of substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from our operations. Numerous governmental authorities, such as the EPA and analogous state agencies, have the power to enforce compliance with these laws and regulations and the permits issued under them, often requiring difficult and costly compliance measures or corrective actions. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the assessment of sanctions, including administrative, civil or criminal penalties, the imposition of investigatory or remedial obligations, the suspension or revocation of necessary permits, licenses and authorizations, the requirement that additional pollution controls be installed and, in some instances, the issuance of orders limiting or prohibiting some or all of our operations. We may also experience delays in obtaining or be unable to obtain required permits, which may delay or interrupt our operations and limit our growth and revenue. In addition, the long-term trend in environmental regulation has been to place more restrictions and limitations on activities that may affect the environment and thus, our costs of compliance may increase if existing laws and regulations are revised or reinterpreted, or if new laws and regulations become applicable to our operations.

Under certain environmental laws that impose strict as well as joint and several liability, we may be required to remediate contaminated properties currently or formerly owned or operated by us or facilities of third parties that received waste generated by our operations regardless of whether such contamination resulted from the conduct of others or from consequences of our own actions that were in compliance with all applicable laws at the time those actions were taken. In addition, claims for damages to persons or property, including natural resources, may result from the environmental, health and safety impacts of our operations. Moreover, public interest in the protection of the environment has increased in recent years. New laws and regulations continue to be enacted, particularly at the state level, and, under the Biden Administration, the long-term trend of more expansive and stringent environmental legislation and regulations applied to the crude oil and natural gas industry could continue, resulting in increased costs of doing business and consequently affecting profitability. To the extent laws are enacted or other governmental action is provided. Despitetaken that restricts drilling or imposes more stringent and costly operating, waste handling, disposal and cleanup requirements, our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Further, the planned withdrawalMineral Leasing Act of 1920, as amended (the “Mineral Act”) prohibits ownership of any direct or indirect interest in federal onshore oil and natural gas leases by a foreign citizen or a foreign entity except through equity ownership in a corporation formed under the laws of the United States or of any U.S. State or territory, and only if the laws, customs, or regulations of their country of origin or domicile do not deny similar or like privileges to citizens or entities of the United States. If these restrictions are violated, the oil and natural gas lease can be canceled in a proceeding instituted by the United States Attorney General. We qualify as an entity formed under the laws of the United States or of any U.S. State or territory. Although the regulations promulgated and administered by the BLM pursuant to the Mineral Act provide for agency designations of non-reciprocal countries, there are presently no such designations in effect. It is possible that our stockholders may be citizens of foreign countries who do not own their stock in a U.S. corporation, or that even if such stock are held through a U.S. corporation, their country of citizenship may be determined to be non-reciprocal countries under the Mineral Act. In such event, any federal onshore oil and natural gas leases held by us could be subject to cancellation based on such determination.

See “Item 1. Business — Environmental, Occupational Health and Safety Matters and Regulations” and “— Other Regulation of the Oil and Natural Gas Industry” for a description of the more significant laws and regulations that affect us.

Climate change legislation or regulations restricting emissions of “greenhouse gases,” or GHGs, could result in increased operating costs and reduced demand for the oil and natural gas that we produce.

In December 2009, the EPA published its findings that emissions of GHGs present an endangerment to public health and the environment because emissions of such gases are contributing to the warming of the earth’s atmosphere and other climatic changes. Based on these findings, the EPA has adopted and implemented regulations to restrict emissions of GHGs under existing provisions of the CAA. In addition, the EPA has also adopted rules requiring the monitoring and reporting of GHG emissions from specified sources on an annual basis in the United States, including, among others, certain oil and natural gas production facilities, which includes certain of our operations. The adoption and implementation of any regulations imposing reporting obligations on, or limiting emissions of GHGs from, our equipment and operations could require us to incur costs to reduce emissions of GHGs associated with our operations or could adversely affect demand for the oil and natural gas we produce. Such climate change regulatory and legislative initiatives could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

42


While Congress has from time to time considered legislation to reduce emissions of GHGs, there has not been significant activity in the form of adopted legislation to reduce GHG emissions at the federal level in recent years. In the absence of such federal climate legislation, almost one-half of the states have taken legal measures to reduce emissions of GHGs, including through the planned development of GHG emission inventories and/or regional GHGs cap and trade programs. In addition, on an international level, the United States was one of nearly 200 countries to sign an international climate change agreement in Paris, France that requires member countries to set their own GHG emission reduction goals beginning in 2020. However, the United States formally announced its intent to withdraw from the Paris Agreement in November 2019, which became effective in November 2020. On January 20, 2021, President Biden issued written notification to the United Nations of the United States’ intention to rejoin the Paris Agreement, which will become effective on February 19, 2021. In addition, various statestates and local governments have publicly committedvowed to continue to furtherenact regulations to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement.

Although it is not possible at this time to predict how legislation or new regulations that may be adopted to address GHG emissions would impact our business, any such requirementsfuture laws and regulations that require reporting of GHGs or otherwise limit emissions of GHGs from our equipment and operations could require us to obtain permits for ourincur costs to monitor and report on GHG emissions install costly emission controls, pay fees on theor reduce emissions data,of GHGs associated with our operations, and such requirements also could adversely affect demand for the oil and natural gas that we produce. Moreover, incentives to conserve energy or use alternative energy sources as a means of addressing climate change

could reduce demand for oil, NGLs and natural gas. Finally, it should be noted that somemost scientists have concluded that increasing concentrations of GHGs in the Earth’s atmosphere may produce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, droughts and floods and other climatic events. If any such effects were to occur, they could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Water Discharges See “Item 1. Business — Environmental, Occupational Health and Fluid Injections

Safety Matters and Regulations — Regulation of “Greenhouse Gas” Emissions for a description of the climate change laws and regulations that affect us.

The Federal Water Pollution Controllisting of a species as either “threatened” or “endangered” under the federal Endangered Species Act as amended (the “Clean Water Act”),could result in increased costs, new operating restrictions, or delays in our operations, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

The ESA and analogous state laws imposeregulate activities that could have an adverse effect on threatened and endangered species. Operations in areas where threatened or endangered species or their habitat are known to exist may require us to incur increased costs to implement mitigation or protective measures and also may restrict or preclude our activities in those areas or during certain seasons, such as breeding and nesting seasons. The listing of species in areas where we operate or, alternatively, entry into certain range-wide conservation planning agreements could result in increased costs to us from species protection measures, time delays or limitations on our activities, which costs, delays or limitations may be significant and could adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.

The third parties on whom we rely for gathering and transportation services are subject to complex federal, state and other laws that could adversely affect the cost, manner or feasibility of conducting our business.

The operations of the third parties on whom we rely for gathering and transportation services are subject to complex and stringent laws and regulations that require obtaining and maintaining numerous permits, approvals and certifications from various federal, state and local government authorities. These third parties may incur substantial costs in order to comply with existing laws and regulations. If existing laws and regulations governing such third-party services are revised or reinterpreted, or if new laws and regulations become applicable to their operations, these changes may affect the costs that we pay for such services. Similarly, a failure to comply with such laws and regulations by the third parties on whom we rely for gathering and transportation services could impact the availability of those services. Any potential impact to the availability of gathering and transportation services could impact our ability to market and sell our production, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See “Item 1. Business — Environmental, Occupational Health and Safety Matters and Regulations” and “— Other Regulation of the Oil and Natural Gas Industry” for a description of the laws and regulations that affect the third parties on whom we rely for gathering and transportation services.

43


Oil and natural gas producers’ operations, especially those using hydraulic fracturing, are substantially dependent on the availability of water and the disposal of waste, including produced water and drilling fluids. Restrictions on the ability to obtain water or dispose of waste may impact our operations.

Water is an essential component of oil and natural gas production during the drilling, and in particular, hydraulic fracturing, process. Our inability to locate sufficient amounts of water, or dispose of or recycle water used in our development and production operations, could adversely impact our operations. Moreover, the imposition of new environmental initiatives and regulations could include restrictions on our ability to conduct certain operations such as hydraulic fracturing or disposal of waste, including, but not limited to, produced water, drilling fluids and other wastes associated with the exploration, development or production of natural gas. The Clean Water Act imposes restrictions and strict controls regarding the discharge of pollutants into stateproduced waters and watersother natural gas and oil waste into “waters of the United States.” Permits must be obtained to discharge pollutants to such waters and to conduct construction activities in such waters, which include certain wetlands. The discharge of pollutants into regulated waters is prohibited, except in accordance with the terms of a permit issued by the EPA or the analogous state agency. Spill prevention, control and countermeasure requirements under federal law require appropriate containment berms and similar structures to help prevent the contamination of navigable waters in the event of a hydrocarbon tank spill, rupture or leak. In addition, the Clean Water Act and analogoussimilar state laws require individual permits or coverage under general permitsprovide for civil, criminal and administrative penalties for any unauthorized discharges of storm water runoff from certain typespollutants and unauthorized discharges of facilities, includingreportable quantities of oil and natural gas production facilities. The Clean Water Act also prohibitsother hazardous substances. State and federal discharge regulations prohibit the discharge of dredgeproduced water and fill material in regulated waters, including wetlands, unless authorized by permit. Federalsand, drilling fluids, drill cuttings and state regulatory agencies can impose administrative, civilcertain other substances related to the natural gas and criminal penalties, as well as require remedialoil industry into coastal waters. Compliance with current and future environmental regulations and permit requirements governing the withdrawal, storage and use of surface water or mitigation measures,groundwater necessary for noncompliance with discharge permits orhydraulic fracturing of wells, and the disposal and recycling of produced water, drilling fluids, and other requirements of the Clean Water Act and analogous state laws and regulations.

The Oil Pollution Act of 1990, as amended (“OPA”), amends the Clean Water Act and sets minimum standards for prevention, containment and cleanup of oil spills. The OPA applies to vessels, offshore facilities, and onshore facilities, including exploration and production facilities thatwastes, may affect waters of the United States. Under OPA, responsible parties, including owners and operators of onshore facilities, may be held strictly liable for oil cleanupincrease our operating costs and natural resource damagescause delays, interruptions or termination of our operations, the extent of which cannot be predicted. In addition, in some instances, the operation of underground injection wells for the disposal of waste has been alleged to cause earthquakes. In some jurisdictions, such issues have led to orders prohibiting continued injection or the suspension of drilling in certain wells identified as well as a varietypossible sources of public and private damages that may result from oil spills. The OPA also requires ownersseismic activity or operators of certain onshore facilities to prepare Facility Response Plans for responding to a worst-case discharge of oil into waters of the United States.

Fluids resulting from oil and natural gas production, consisting primarily of salt water, are disposed by injectionresulted in belowground disposal wells. These disposal wells are regulated pursuantstricter regulatory requirements relating to the Underground Injection Control (“UIC”) program established under the federal Safe Drinking Water Act (“SDWA”) and analogous state laws. The UIC program requires permits from the EPA or an analogous state agency for the constructionlocation and operation of disposal wells, establishes minimum standards for disposal wellunderground injection wells. For example, we conduct oil and gas drilling and production operations and may restrictin the types and quantitiesMississippian Lime formation in Oklahoma, a high-water play, which requires us to dispose of fluids that may be disposed. While we believe thatlarge volumes of saltwater generated as part of our disposal well operations substantially comply with requirements underoperations. In 2015, the applicable UIC programs, a changeOklahoma Geological Survey attributed an increase in disposal well regulations or the inabilityseismic activity in Oklahoma to obtain permits for newsaltwater disposal wells in the future may affect our ability to dispose of salt waterArbuckle formation. Around the same time, the OCC, whose Oil and ultimately increase the cost of ourGas Conservation Division regulates oil and gas operations or reduce the amount of oil and/or natural gas that we can produce from our wells.

There continues to be a concern that the injection ofin Oklahoma, began issuing regulations targeting saltwater into belowground disposal wells contribute to seismic activityactivities in certain areas including Oklahoma and Texas, where we operate. For instance, on April 21, 2015, the Oklahoma Geologic Survey (“OGS”) issued a document entitled “Statement of Oklahoma Seismicity,” in which the agency states “the OGS considers it very likely that the majority of recent earthquakes, particularly those in central and north-central Oklahoma, are triggered by the injection of produced water in disposal wells.” In response to these concerns, regulators in some states, including Oklahoma and Texas, are pursuing initiatives designed to impose additional requirements in the permitting and operation of saltwater disposal wells or otherwise to assess any relationship between seismicity and the use of such wells. For example, the Oklahoma Corporation Commission (“OCC”) has adopted rules for operators of saltwater disposal wells in certain seismically-active areas (“Areas of Interest”) ininterest within the Arbuckle formation, requiring operators to monitor and record well pressure and discharge volume on a daily basis and further requiring operatorsformation. The regulations include operational requirements (i.e., mechanical integrity testing of wells permitted for disposal of 20,000 or more barrels of water per day, daily monitoring and recording of well pressure and discharge volume), as well as orders to shut-in wells, reduce well depths, or moredecrease disposal volumes. Under these regulations, in 2016 and 2017, the OCC ordered us to limit the volume of saltwater to conduct mechanical integrity testing. On March 25, 2015, the Oil and Gas Conservation Division (“OGCD”) issued a directive, expanding the Areasdisposed of Interest for induced seismicity. Under the new directive, operators of 347 disposal wells located within the expanded Areas of Interest of the Arbuckle formation were given until April 18, 2015 to demonstrate that their wells were not disposing into or in communication with the crystalline basement rock underlying the Arbuckle formation. Operators of wells in contact or communication with the basement rock were required to reduce the depth of, or “plug back,” those wells or, alternatively, to reduce disposal volume by 50 percent. On July 17, 2015, the OGCD issued another directive, further expanding the covered area to include an additional 211 disposal wells. Under this second directive, operators were given until August 14, 2015 to prove that they were not injecting below the Arbuckle formation or, as necessary, to plug back those wells in contact or communication with the crystalline basement rock, without the option of reducing disposal volume by 50 percent.

On November 19, 2015, the OGCD issued a directive to stop or reduce disposal volumes in the Cherokee-Carmen area, including 5 wells we currently operate. In addition, on January 13, 2016, the OGCD announced a plan in response to recent earthquakes in the Fairview area of Oklahoma. The plan calls for changes to the operations of oil and gas wastewatersaltwater disposal wells in the areaArbuckle formation and established caps for ten of our saltwater disposal wells in February 2017. To ensure that dispose intowe had an adequate number of wells for disposal, we secured permits for additional saltwater disposal wells outside of the Arbuckle formation. Under the plan, a total of 27 Arbuckle disposal wells were required to reduce disposal volume. The plan affected 7 disposal wells we currently operate that dispose in the Arbuckle formation. On February 16, 2016, the OGCD requested we curtail our wastewater disposal volumes at 11 wells by approximately 40%. On March 7, 2016 and August 19, 2016, the OGCD identified additional wells that were required to reduce disposal volume, including nine that we operate. The OGCD established caps for additional wells, including 16 that we operate, on February 24, 2017. On March 1, 2017, the OGCD also issued a statement saying that further actions to reduce the earthquake rate in Oklahoma could be expected. While our current plans are for future disposal wells to inject into formations other than the Arbuckle and we currently operate 11 such non-Arbuckle formation disposal wells, we continue to utilize wells that dispose into the Arbuckle formation.

We have timely met and satisfied all requests of the OCC regarding changes and/or reductions insaltwater disposal capacity in our operated disposal wells, allrequirements, while maintaining our production base without any negative material impact thereto. We believeimpact. However, any additional orders or regulations addressing concerns about seismic activity from well injection in jurisdictions where we are currently in compliance with the OGCD’s latest requests regarding Arbuckle injection limits; however, a change in disposal well regulations or injection limits, or the inability to obtain permits for new disposal wells in the future mayoperate could affect our ability to dispose of salt wateroperations. See “Item 1. Business — Environmental, Occupational Health and ultimately increase the cost of our operations and/or reduce the volume of oilSafety Matters and natural gas that we produce from our wells.

In Texas, effective on November 17, 2014, the Texas Railroad Commission adopted a new rule governing permitting or re-permitting of disposal wells that requires, among other things, the submission of information on seismic events occurring within a specified radiusRegulations — Water Discharges and Other Waste Discharges & Spills” and “— Hydraulic Fracturing” for additional description of the disposal well location, as well as logs, geologic cross sectionslaws and structure mapsregulations relating to the disposal areadischarge of water and other wastes and hydraulic fracturing that affect us.

Federal and state legislative and regulatory initiatives relating to hydraulic fracturing could result in question. If a permitteeincreased costs and additional operating restrictions or a prospective permittee fails to demonstrate that the saltwater or other fluids are confined to the disposal zone or if scientific data indicates such a disposal well is likely to be or determined to be contributing to seismic activity, then the Commission may deny, modify, suspend or terminate the permit application or existing operating permit for that well.

Hydraulic Fracturing Activities

delays and adversely affect our production.

Hydraulic fracturing is an importantessential and common industry practice that isin the oil and gas industry used to stimulate production of natural gas and/or oil from dense subsurface rock formations. The hydraulicHydraulic fracturing process involves the injection ofusing water, sand and/orand certain chemicals under pressure into targeted subsurface formations to fracture the surroundinghydrocarbon-bearing rock and stimulate production.formation to allow flow of hydrocarbons into the wellbore. We routinely useapply hydraulic fracturing techniques in many of our drilling and completion programs. HydraulicWhile hydraulic fracturing is typicallyhas historically been regulated by state oil and natural gas commissions, or similar state agencies, but several federal agencies have asserted regulatory authority overthe practice has become increasingly controversial in certain aspectsparts of the process. For example, the EPA published permitting guidancecountry, resulting in February 2014 addressing the use of diesel fuel in fracturing operations; issued final CAA regulations governing performance standards, including standardsincreased scrutiny and regulation. See “Item 1. Business — Environmental, Health and Safety Matters and Regulations — Hydraulic Fracturing” for the capture of air emissions released during hydraulic fracturing; issued in June 2016 final effluent limit guidelines that saltwater from shale resource extraction operations must meet before discharging to publicly owned wastewater treatment plants; and issued in May 2014 a prepublication of its Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking regarding Toxic Substances Control Act reportingdescription of the chemical substances and mixtures used in hydraulic fracturing. Also, the BLM published a final rule containing disclosure requirements and other mandates for hydraulic fracturing on federal and Indian lands in March of 2015. The U.S. District Court of Wyoming struck down this rule in June 2016, but the decision was appealed to the U.S. Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals. Although the Trump Administration has indicated it would like to repeal this rule, the Tenth Circuit dismissed this appealstate legislative and the underlying case on September 21, 2017 and it is unclear whether the rule remains in effect. Compliance with these requirements could increase our costs of development and production, which costs may be significant.

In addition, Congress has from time to time considered the adoption of legislation to provide for federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing and to require disclosure of the chemicals used in the hydraulic fracturing process. Some states, including Texas and Oklahoma, where we operate, have adopted, and other states are considering adopting legal requirements that could impose more stringent permitting, public disclosure or well construction requirements on hydraulic fracturing activities. Some states have elected to prohibit hydraulic fracturing altogether, but not the states in which we own and operate oil and gas wells. Local governments may also seek to adopt ordinances within their jurisdictions regulating the time, place and manner of drilling activities in general or hydraulic fracturing activities in particular. We believe that we follow applicable standard industry practices and legal requirements for groundwater protection in our hydraulic fracturing activities. Nevertheless, if new or more stringent federal, state or local legal restrictionsregulatory initiatives relating to the hydraulic fracturing process are adopted in areas where we operate, we could incur potentially significant added costs to comply with such requirements, experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, or production activities, and perhaps even be precluded from drilling wells.

We do not have insurance policies in effect that are intended to provide coverage for losses solely related to hydraulic fracturing operations; however, we believe our general liability and excess liability insurance policies would cover third party claims related tothat affect us.

If new laws or regulations that significantly restrict hydraulic fracturing operations conducted by third partiesare adopted at the state and associated legal expenseslocal level, such laws could make it more difficult or costly for us to perform fracturing to stimulate production from dense subsurface rock formations and, in accordance with, and subject to, the terms and coverage limitsevent of such policies.

Endangered Species

The Endangered Species Act restricts activities thatprohibitions, may affect endangered and threatened species or their habitats. Similar protections are offered to migratory birds under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. Oil and gas activities in our operating areas can be adversely affected by seasonal or permanent restrictions on drilling activities designed to protect various species and their habitat. Seasonal restrictions could limitpreclude our ability to operate in protected areas and can intensify competition for drilling rigs, oilfield equipment, services, supplies and qualified personnel, which could lead to periodic shortages when drilling is allowed. These constraints anddrill wells. In addition, if hydraulic fracturing becomes further regulated at the resulting shortages or high costs could delay our operations and materially increase our operating and capital costs. Permanent restrictions imposed to protect endangered species could prohibit drilling in certain areas or require the implementation of expensive mitigation measures. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in February 2016 finalized a rule altering how it identifies critical habitat for endangered and threatened species. The designation of critical habitat areas could materially restrict use of or access to federal state and private lands. In addition,level as a result of a settlement approvedfederal legislation or regulatory initiatives by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia in September 2011, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service is requiredEPA or other federal agencies, our fracturing activities could become subject to make a determination on the listing of numerous species as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act by 2017. The designation of previously unprotected species in areas where we operate as threatened or endangered could cause us to incur increased costs arising from species protection measuresadditional permitting requirements and could result in limitationspermitting delays as well as potential increases in costs. Restrictions on our exploration and production activities thathydraulic fracturing could have an adverse impact on our ability to develop and produce our reserves.

Occupational Safety and Health Act, as amended (“OSHA”)

We are subject to the requirements of OSHA and comparable state statutes whose purpose is to protect the health and safety of workers. In addition, the OSHA hazard communication standard, the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act and comparable state statutes and any implementing regulations require that we organize and/or disclose information about hazardous materials used or produced in our operations and that this information be provided to employees, state and local governmental authorities and citizens.

ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS

Our business involves a high degree of risk. If any of the following risks, or any risk described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in our other public filings, press releases and discussions with our management actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could suffer. The risks described below are the known material risk factors facing us. Additional risks not presently known to us or which we currently consider immaterial also may adversely affect us or our operations.

Risks Related to the Oil and Gas Industry and Our Business

Oil, NGLs and natural gas prices are volatile. A sustained decline in oil, NGLs and natural gas prices could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to meet our capital expenditure obligations and financial commitments.

The price we receive for our oil and, to a lesser extent, NGLs and natural gas, heavily influences our revenue, profitability, access to capital and future rate of growth. Oil, NGLs and natural gas are commodities and, therefore, their prices are subject to wide fluctuations in response to relatively minor changes in supply and demand. Historically, the markets for these commodities have been volatile, and are likely to continue to be volatile in the future, especially given current economic and geopolitical conditions.

The prices we receive for our production and the levels of our production depend on numerous factors beyond our control. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following:

·                  worldwide and regional economic conditions impacting the global supply and demand for oil, NGLs and natural gas;

·                  the actions of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries;

·                  the price and quantity of imports of foreign oil, NGLs and natural gas;

·                  political conditions in or affecting other oil, NGLs and natural gas-producing countries;

·                  the level of global oil and natural gas exploration and production;

·                  the level of global oil and natural gas inventories;

·                  localized supply and demand fundamentals and transportation availability;

·                  weather conditions and natural disasters;

·                  foreign, domestic and local governmental regulations and taxes;

·                  speculation as to the future price of oil, NGLs and natural gas and the speculative trading of oil, NGLs and natural gas futures contracts;

·                  price and availability of competitors’ supplies of oil, NGLs and natural gas;

·                  technological advances affecting energy consumption; and

·                  the price and availability of alternative fuels.

The majority of our oil production and a portion of our natural gas production is currently sold to purchasers under short-term (less than 12-month) contracts at market-based prices. Lower oil, NGLs and natural gas prices have in the past adversely affected our cash flows, borrowing ability and present value of our reserves. It may also reduce the amount of oil NGLs and natural gas that we can produce economically. Any sustained periods of low prices for oil, NGLs and natural gas prices could render uneconomic a significant portion of our identified drilling locations. This may result in our having to make significant downward adjustments to our estimated proved reserves. As a result, a low commodity price environment and price volatility may materially and adversely affect our future business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or ability to finance planned capital expenditures.

There are no assurances that we will beultimately able to successfully implementproduce from our business plan or successfully operate as a restructured business.reserves.

44


The cost of decommissioning is uncertain.

Following emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases in 2016, we significantly restructured our business and adopted a new business plan. The restructured Company and new business plan have been in effect for a limited period of time and there are no assurances that we will be able to successfully implement our business plan or successfully operate as a restructured business. Additionally, we cannot assure you that having been subject to bankruptcy protection will not adversely affect our operations in the future.

Our Exit Facility contains certain covenants that may inhibit our ability to make certain investments, incur additional indebtedness and engage in certain other transactions, which could adversely affect our ability to meet our future goals.

The Exit Facility limits our ability, among other things, to:

·                  incur additional indebtedness;

·                  incur liens;

·                  enter into sale and lease back transactions;

·                  make certain investments;

·                  consolidate, merge, sell, or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets;

·                  pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase or redeem our stock;

·                  enter into transactions with our affiliates;

·                  engage or enter into any new lines of business;

·                  enter into certain marketing activities for hydrocarbons;

·                  create additional subsidiaries;

·                  prepay, redeem, or repurchase certain of our indebtedness; and

·                  amend or modify certain provisions of our (and Midstates Sub’s) organizational documents.

The Exit Facility also requires us to comply with certain financial maintenance covenants as discussed below. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under our Exit Facility. If a default occurs, the lenders under the Exit Facility may elect to declare all borrowings thereunder outstanding, together with accrued interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable. The lenders under the Exit Facility would also have the right in these circumstances to terminate any commitments they have to provide further borrowings. If we are unable to repay our indebtedness when due or declared due, the lenders thereunder will also have the right to proceed against the collateral pledged to them to secure the indebtedness. If such indebtedness were to be accelerated, our assets may not be sufficient to repay in full our secured indebtedness.

We may be subject to risks in connection with divestitures and acquisitions.

In November 2017, we announced that the Company had engaged SunTrust Robinson Humphrey to explore and evaluate potential strategic alternatives for our Anadarko Basin and NW STACK assets. We may sell off any of these core or non-core assets in order to increase capital resources available for other core assets, create organizational and operational efficiencies or for other purposes. Various factors could materially affect our ability to dispose of such assets, including the approvals of governmental agencies or third parties and the availability of purchasers willing to acquire the assets with terms we deem acceptable. Though we continue to evaluate various options for the divestiture of such assets, there can be no assurance that this evaluation will result in any specific action.

In addition, in the future we may make acquisitions of businesses that complement or expand our current business. We may not be able to identify attractive acquisition opportunities. Even if we do identify attractive acquisition opportunities, we may not be able to complete the acquisition or do so on commercially acceptable terms. As a result, our acquisition activities may not be successful, which may hinder our replacement of reserves and adversely affect our results of operations.

We may be unable to obtain funding in the capital markets on terms we find acceptable, or our borrowings base may be subject to downward redeterminations in the future.

Historically, we have used our cash flows from operations and borrowings under our RBL to fund our capital expenditures and have relied on the capital markets and asset monetization transactions to provide us with additional capital for large or exceptional transactions or to refinance debt obligations. On the Effective Date, the existing RBL was superseded, and we entered into the Exit Facility with the lenders under the existing RBL. On May 24, 2017, the Company entered into the First Amendment to the Exit Facility (the “First Amendment”). The First Amendment, among other things, moved the first scheduled borrowing base redetermination from April 2018 to October 2017. On October 27, 2017, the Company’s borrowing base was redetermined at the existing amount of $170.0 million. The Company’s Anadarko Basin assets in Texas and Oklahoma were excluded from the redetermination of the borrowing base. Any potential future reduction in the borrowing base will reduce our available liquidity, and, if the reduction results in the outstanding amount under the facility exceeding the borrowing base, we will be required to repay the deficiency within 30 days or in six equal monthly installments thereafter, at our election. We may not have the financial resources in the future to make any mandatory deficiency principal prepayments required under our Exit Facility, which could result in an event of default.

In the future, we may not be able to access adequate funding under our Exit Facility as a result of (i) a decrease in our borrowing base due to the outcome of a subsequent borrowing base redetermination, or (ii) an unwillingness or inability on the part of our lending counterparties to meet their funding obligations. Since the process for determining the borrowing base under our Exit Facility involves evaluating the estimated value of some of our oil and natural gas properties using pricing models determined by the lenders at that time, a decline in those prices used, or further downward reductions of our reserves, likely will result in a redetermination of our borrowing base and a decrease in the available borrowing amount at the time of the next scheduled redetermination. In such case, we would be required to repay any indebtedness in excess of the borrowing base.

Our level of indebtedness may increase and reduce our financial flexibility.

At December 31, 2017, we had $130.0 million outstanding under our Exit Facility, including $1.9 million in letters of credit. We may incur a significant amount of additional indebtedness in the future. Should our current level of indebtedness increase significantly, it could affect our operations in several ways, including the following:

·                  causing a significant portion of our cash flows to be used to service our indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of cash flows for working capital, capital expenditures and other general business activities;

·                  increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;

·                  limiting our ability to borrow additional funds, dispose of assets, pay dividends and make certain investments;

·                  placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that are less leveraged and, therefore, such competitors may be able to take advantage of opportunities that our indebtedness would prevent us from pursuing;

·                  causing our debt covenants to affect our flexibility in planning for, and reacting to, changes in the economy and in our industry;

·                  making it more likely that a reduction in our borrowing base following a redetermination could require us to repay a portion of our then outstanding bank borrowings; and

·                  impairing our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, general corporate or other purposes.

A high level of indebtedness would increase the risk that we may default on our debt obligations. Our ability to meet our debt obligations and to reduce our level of indebtedness depends on our future performance. General economic conditions, oil, NGLs and natural gas prices and financial, business and other factors affect our operations and our future performance. Many of these factors are beyond our control.

We may be unable to maintain compliance with certain financial ratio covenants of our outstanding indebtedness which could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Exit Facility, as amended, includes certain financial maintenance covenants that are required to be calculated on a quarterly basis for compliance purposes. These financial maintenance covenants include EBITDAmaintain reserve funds to interest expenseprovide for the trailing four fiscal quarterspayment of not less than 2.50:1.00 and a limitation of Total Net Indebtedness (as defined in the Exit Facility) to EBITDA for the trailing four fiscal quarters of not more than 4.00:1.00.

In addition, the Exit Facility contains various other covenants that, among other things, may restrict our ability to: (i) incur additional indebtedness or guarantee indebtedness (ii) make loans and investments; (iii) pay dividends on capital stock and make other restricted payments, including the prepayment or redemption of other indebtedness; (iv) create or incur certain liens; (v) sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of certain assets; (vi) enter into certain types of transactions with our affiliates; (vii) acquire, consolidate or merge with another entity upon certain terms and conditions; (viii) sell all or substantially all of our assets; (ix) prepay, redeem or repurchase certain debt; (x) alter the business we conduct and make amendments to our organizational documents, (xi) enter into certain derivative transactions and (xii) enter into certain marketing agreements and take-or-pay arrangements.

As of December 31, 2017, we were in compliance with our financial covenants; however, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to comply with such terms at all times in the future. Any failure to complydecommissioning costs associated with the conditionsBeta Properties. The estimates of decommissioning costs are inherently imprecise and covenants in our Exit Facility that is not waived by our lenders or otherwise cured could lead to a termination of our Exit Facility, acceleration of all amounts due under our Exit Facility, or trigger cross default provisions under other financing arrangements. These restrictions may limit our ability to obtain future financings to withstand a future downturn in our business or the economy in general, or to otherwise conduct necessary corporate activities. We may also be prevented from taking advantage of business opportunities that arise because of the limitations that the restrictive covenants under our indebtedness impose on us.

Our historical financial information may not be indicative of our future financial performance.

On the Effective Date we adopted fresh start accounting and our assets and liabilities were adjusted to fair values and our accumulated deficit was restated to zero. Accordingly, our financial condition and results of operations following our emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases are not comparable to the financial condition and results of operations reflected in our historical financial statements. Further, as a result of the implementation of the Plan and the transactions contemplated thereby, our historical financial information are not indicative of our future financial performance.

Drilling for and producing oil and natural gas are high risk activities with many uncertainties that could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Our future financial condition and results of operations will depend on the success of our development, drilling and production activities. Our oil and natural gas drilling and production activities are subject to numerous risks beyond our control, including the risk that drilling will not result in commercially viable oil or natural gas production. Our decisions to purchase, explore or develop drilling locations or properties will depend in part on the evaluation of data obtained through 2D and 3D seismic data, geophysical and geological analyses, production data and engineering studies, the results of which are often inconclusive or subject to varying interpretations. The production and operating data that is available with respect to our operating areas based on modern drilling and completion techniques is relatively limited compared to trends where multiple operators have been active for a significant period of time. As a result, we face more uncertainty in evaluating data than operators in more developed trends. Our costs of drilling, completing and operating wells are often uncertain before drilling commences. In addition, the application of new techniques in these trends, such as high-graded stimulation designs and horizontal completions, may make it more difficult to accurately estimate these costs. Overruns in budgeted expenditures are common risks that can make a particular project uneconomical. Further, many factors may curtail, delay or cancel our scheduled drilling projects, including the following:

·                  shortages of, or delays in, obtaining equipment and qualified personnel;

·                  facility or equipment malfunctions;

·                  unexpected operational events;

·                  ability to economically dispose of produced saltwater;

·                  pressure or irregularities in geological formations;

·                  adverse weather conditions;

·                  reductions in oil and natural gas prices;

·                  delays imposed by or resulting from compliance with regulatory requirements;

·                  proximity to and capacity of transportation facilities;

·                  title problems;

·                  limitations in the market for oil and natural gas; and

·                  cost associated with developing and operating oil and gas properties.

In addition, our hydraulic fracturing operations require significant quantities of water. Regions where we operate could experience drought conditions which would diminish our access to water for hydraulic fracturing operations. Any diminished access to water for use in hydraulic fracturing, whetherchange due to usage restrictions or drought or other weather conditions, could curtail our operations or otherwise result in delays in operations or increased costs.

The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows from our proved reserves will not be the same as the current market value of our estimated oil and natural gas reserves.

You should not assume that the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows from our proved reserves is the current market value of our estimated oil and natural gas reserves. In accordance with SEC requirements in effect at December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, we based the discounted future net cash flows from our proved reserves on the 12-month unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for the preceding twelve months without giving effect to derivative transactions. Actual future net cash flows from our oil and natural gas properties will be affected by factors such as:

·                  actual prices we receive for oil and natural gas;

·                  actualchanging cost of development and production expenditures;

·                  the amount and timing of actual production; and

·                  changes in governmental regulations or taxation.

The timing of both our production and our incurrence of expenses in connection with the development and production of oil and natural gas properties will affect the timing and amount of actual future net revenues from proved reserves, and thus their actual present value. In addition, the 10% discount factor we use when calculating standardized measure may not be the most appropriate discount factor based on interest rates in effect from time to time and risks associated with us or the oil and natural gas industry in general. Actual future prices and costs may differ materially from those used in the present value estimates, included in this report which could have a material effect on the market value of our reserves.

If oil and natural gas prices decrease in the future, we may be required to take write-downs of the carrying values of our oil and natural gas properties.

We use the full cost method of accounting for our oil and gas properties. Accordingly, we capitalize and amortize all productive and nonproductive costs directly associated with property acquisition, exploration and development activities. Under the full cost method, the capitalized cost of oil and gas properties, less accumulated amortization and related deferred income taxes may not exceed the “cost center ceiling” which is equal to the sum of the present value of estimated future net revenues from proved reserves, less estimated future expenditures to be incurred in developing and producing the proved reserves computed using a discount factor of 10%, plus the costs of properties not subject to amortization, plus the lower of the cost or estimated fair value of unproved properties included in the costs being amortized, less related income tax effects. If the net capitalized costs exceed the cost center ceiling, we recognize the excess as an impairment of oil and gas properties. The risk that we will be required to recognize impairments of our oil and natural gas properties increases during periods of low commodity prices. In addition, impairments would occur if we were to experience sufficient downward adjustments to our estimated proved reserves or the present value of estimated future net revenues. An impairment recognized in one period may not be reversed in a subsequent period even if higher oil and gas prices increase the cost center ceiling applicable to the subsequent period. We could incur impairments of oil and natural gas properties in the future, particularly as a result of future declines in commodity prices.

Oil, NGLs and natural gas prices are volatile, and a portion of our production is not subject to hedging. As a result, a portion of our cash flows from operations will be subjected to increased volatility.

Historically, we have entered into hedging transactions of our oil, NGLs and natural gas production to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in the price of oil, NGLs and natural gas. At December 31, 2017, we had outstanding commodity derivative contracts that extend through December 2019. Although hedged through December 2019, a portion of our 2018 and 2019 production will be sold at market prices, leaving us exposed to the fluctuations in the price of oil, NGLs and natural gas and subjecting our cash flows from operations to increased volatility unless we enter into additional hedging transactions. We continually reevaluate and consider whether in the long-term we will hedge any of our future production. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition” and “—Note 6. Risk Management and Derivative Instruments” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a summary of our commodity derivative positions.

Any future derivative activities could result in financial losses or could reduce our earnings.

To achieve a more predictable cash flow and to reduce our exposure to adverse fluctuations in the prices of oil, NGLs and natural gas, we currently and have historically chosen to enter into derivative instruments at times for a portion of our oil, NGLs and natural gas production. We do not designate derivative instruments as hedges for accounting purposes, and we record all derivative instruments in our balance sheet at fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments are recognized in current earnings. Accordingly, to the extent we enter into derivative instruments in the future, our earnings may fluctuate significantly as a result of changes in the fair value of any derivative instruments.

Derivative instruments would expose us to the risk of financial loss in some circumstances, including when:

·                  production is less than the volume covered by the derivative instruments;

·                  the counter-party to the derivative instrument defaults on its contractual obligations; or

·                  there is an increase in the differential between the underlying price in the derivative instrument and actual prices received for basis differentials.

In addition, any derivative arrangements in the future would likely limit the benefit we would receive from increases in the prices for oil, NGLs and natural gas.

We incurred losses from operations during the current year as well as certain periods historically and may continue to do so in the future.

We incurred net losses of $85.1 million and $1.8 billion for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2015, respectively. Our development of, and participation in, an increasing number of drilling locations has required and will continue to require substantial capital expenditures. The uncertainty and risks described in this report may impede our ability to economically acquire and develop oil and natural gas reserves. As a result, we may not be able to achieve or sustain profitability or positive cash flows provided by operating activities in the future.

Our estimated proved reserves are based on many assumptions that may turn out to be inaccurate. Any significant inaccuracies in these assumptions will materially affect the quantities and estimated present value of our reserves.

The process of estimating oil and natural gas reserves is complex. It requires interpretations of available technical data and many assumptions, including assumptions relating to current and future economic conditions and commodity prices. Any significant inaccuracies in these assumptions could materially affect the estimated quantities and present value of reserves shown in this report. See “Summary of Oil and Gas Properties and Operations” for information about our estimated oil and natural gas reserves.

In order to prepare our estimates, we must estimate production rates and the timing of development expenditures. We must also analyze available geological, geophysical, production and engineering data. The extent, quality and reliability of this data can vary. The process also requires economic assumptions about matters such as oil and natural gas prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital expenditures, taxes and availability of funds. Estimates of oil and natural gas reserves are inherently imprecise. In addition, reserve estimates for properties that do not have a lengthy production history, including the areas in which we operate, are less reliable than estimates for fields with lengthy production histories. There can be no assurance that analysis of previous production data relating to the Mississippian Lime or Anadarko Basins will accurately predict future production, development expenditures or operating expenses from wells drilled and completed using modern techniques. In addition, this data is partially based on vertically drilled wells, which may not accurately reflect production, development expenditures or operating expenses that may result from the application of horizontal drilling techniques.

Actual future production, oil and natural gas prices, revenues, taxes, development expenditures, operating expenses and quantities of recoverable oil and natural gas reserves may vary from our estimates. Any significant variance could materially affect the estimated quantities and present value of reserves shown in this report. In addition, we may adjust estimates of proved reserves to reflect production history, results of exploration and development, prevailing oil and natural gas prices and other factors, many of whichfactors. If actual decommissioning costs exceed such estimates, or we are beyond our control.

The development of our undeveloped reserves in our areas of operation may take longer and may require higher levels of capital expenditures than we currently anticipate. Therefore, our undeveloped reserves may not be ultimately developed or produced.

Development of these reserves may take longer and require higher levels of capital expenditures than we currently anticipate. Delays in the development of our reserves or increases in costs to drill and develop such reserves will reduce the future net revenues estimated for such reserves and may result in some projects becoming uneconomic. In addition, pursuant to existing SEC rules and guidance, subject to limited exceptions, proved undeveloped reserves may only be booked if they relate to wells scheduled to be drilled within five years of the date of booking. Accordingly, delays in the development of such reserves, increases in capital expenditures required to develop such reserves and changesprovide a significant amount of collateral in commodity prices may cause us to reclassify certain of our proved undeveloped reservescash or other security as unproved reserves, which may materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Unless we replace our oil and natural gas reserves, our reserves and production will decline, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Unless we conduct successful development and exploration activities or acquire properties containing proved reserves, our proved reserves will decline as those reserves are produced. Producing oil and natural gas reservoirs generally are characterized by declining production rates that vary depending upon reservoir characteristics and other factors. Our future oil and natural gas reserves and production, and therefore our cash flows and income, are highly dependent on our success in efficiently developing our current reserves and economically finding or acquiring additional recoverable reserves. We may not be able to develop, find or acquire additional reserves to replace our current and future production at acceptable costs. If we are unable to replace our current and future production, the value of our reserves will decrease, and our business, financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected.

Our producing properties are located in the Mississippian Lime and in the Anadarko Basin, making us vulnerable to risks associated with operating in a limited number of geographic areas.

All of our producing properties are geographically concentrated in the Mississippian Lime and Anadarko Basin, and at December 31, 2017, all of our total estimated proved reserves were attributable to properties located in these areas. As a result of this concentration, we may be disproportionately exposeda revision to the impact of regional supply and demand factors, delays or interruptions of production from wells in these areas caused by governmental regulation, processing or transportation capacity constraints, market limitations, availability of equipment and personnel, water shortages or other drought related conditions or interruption of the processing or transportation of oil, NGLs or natural gas.

Drilling locations that we have identified may not yield oil, NGLs or natural gas in commercially viable quantities.

We describe some of our drilling locations and our plans to explore those drilling locations in this report. Our drilling locations are in various stages of evaluation, ranging from a location which is ready to drill to a location that will require substantial additional interpretation. It is extremely difficult to accurately predict with any level of certainty in advance of drilling and testing whether any particular location will yield oil or natural gas in sufficient quantities to recover drilling or completion costs or to be economically viable. The use of technologies and the study of producing fields in the same area will not enable us to know conclusively prior to drilling whether oil or natural gas will be present or, if present, whether oil or natural gas will be present in sufficient quantities to be economically viable. Even if sufficient amounts of oil or natural gas exist, we may damage the potentially productive hydrocarbon bearing formation or experience mechanical difficulties while drilling or completing the well, resulting in a reduction in production from or abandonment of the well. If we drill additional wells that we identify as dry holes in our current and future drilling locations, our drilling success rate may decline and materially harm our business. In sum, the cost of drilling, completing and operating any well is often uncertain, and new wells may not be productive.

Our identified drilling locations are scheduled out over many years, making them susceptible to uncertainties that could materially alter the occurrence or timing of their drilling, which in certain instances could prevent production prior to the expiration date of leases for such locations. In addition, we may not be able to raise or have reasonable access to the amount of capital that would be necessary to drill a substantial portion of our identified drilling locations.

Our management team has identified and scheduled certain drilling locations as an estimation of our future multi-year drilling activities on our existing acreage and acreage currently under option. These drilling locations represent a significant part of our growth strategy. Our ability to drill and develop these drilling locations depends on a number of uncertainties, including oil and natural gas prices, the availability and cost of capital, drilling and production costs, the availability of drilling services and equipment, drilling results, lease expirations, infrastructure and/or downstream constraints, regulatory approvals and other factors. Because of these uncertain factors, we do not know if the numerous drilling locations we have identified will ever be drilled or if we will be able to produce oil or natural gas from these or any other drilling locations. In addition, unless production is established within the spacing units covering the undeveloped acres on which some of the potential locations are obtained, the leases for such acreage could expire. As such, our actual drilling activities may materially differ from those presently identified.

Part of our strategy involves using some of the latest available horizontal drilling and completion techniques. The results of our horizontal drilling activities are subject to drilling and completion technique risks, and actual drilling results may not meet our expectations for reserves or production. As a result, the value of our undeveloped acreage could decline if drilling results are unsuccessful.

Risks that we face while horizontally drilling include, but are not limited to, landing our well bore in the desired drilling zone, staying in the desired drilling zone while drilling horizontally through the formation, running our casing the entire length of the well bore and being able to run tools and other equipment consistently through the horizontal well bore. Risks that we face while completing our horizontal wells include, but are not limited to, being able to fracture stimulate the planned number of stages, being able to run tools the entire length of the well bore during completion operations and successfully cleaning out the well bore after completion of the final fracture stimulation stage. Ultimately, the success of these horizontal drilling and completion techniques can only be evaluated over time as more wells are drilled in the Mississippian Lime and Anadarko Basin and production profiles are established over a sufficient period of time. If our horizontal drilling results in these trends are less than anticipated, the return on our investment in this area may not be as attractive as we anticipate and the value of our undeveloped acreage in this area could decline.

Our business depends on the availability of water and the ability to dispose of water. Limitations or restrictions on our ability to obtain or dispose of water may have an adverse effect onestimates, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

With current technology, water is an essential component of drilling and hydraulic fracturing processes. Limitations or restrictions on our ability to secure sufficient amounts of water, or to dispose of or recycle water after use or its production, could adversely impact our operations. In some cases, water may need to be obtained from new sources and transported to drilling sites, resulting in increased costs. Moreover, the introduction of new environmental initiatives and regulations related to water acquisition, water use or waste water disposal, including produced water, drilling fluids and other wastes associated with the exploration, development or production of hydrocarbons, could limit or prohibit our ability to utilize hydraulic fracturing or waste water injection disposal wells.

In addition, concerns have been raised about the potential for earthquakes to occur from the use of underground injection disposal wells, a predominant method for disposing of waste water from oil and gas activities. As further discussed in the risk factor below, new rules and regulationsflows may be developedmaterially adversely affected.

We may be required to address these concerns, possibly limitingpost cash collateral pursuant to our agreements with sureties under our existing or eliminating the ability to use disposal wells in certain locations and/or injecting into certain formations, thereby increasing the cost of disposal in our operations. We operate our own injection wells in addition to using injection wells owned by third parties to dispose of waste water associated with our operations.

Compliance with environmental regulations and permit requirements governing the withdrawal, storage, and use of water necessary for hydraulic fracturing of wells or the disposal of waterfuture bonding arrangements, which may increase our operating costs or may cause us to delay, curtail or discontinue our exploration and development plans, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operationsliquidity and cash flows.

Legislation or regulatory initiatives intended to address seismic activity could restrict our ability to dispose of saltwater produced in conjunction with our hydrocarbons, which could limit our ability to produce oil and gas economically and have a material adverse effect on our business.

We dispose of large volumes of saltwater produced in conjunction with the oil and natural gas produced from our drilling and production operations pursuant to permits issued to us by governmental authorities overseeing such disposal activities. While these permits are issued pursuant to existing laws and regulations, the applicable legal requirements may be subject to change, which could result in the imposition of more stringent operating constraints or new monitoring and reporting requirements.

As stated in “Business—Regulation of the Oil and Natural Gas Industry—Water Discharges and Fluid Injections”, the adoption and implementation of any new laws, regulations, or directives that restrict our ability to dispose of saltwater by plugging back the depths of disposal wells, reducing the volume of oil and natural gas wastewater disposed in such wells, restricting disposal well locations, or requiring us to shut down disposal wells, could require the Company to cease operations at a substantial number of its oil and natural gas wells, which would have a material adverse effect on our ability to produce oil and gas economically and, accordingly, could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The unavailability or high cost of additional drilling rigs, equipment, supplies, personnel and oilfield services could adversely affect our ability to execute our explorationcapital expenditure plan, our ARO plan and development plans withincomply with our budget and on a timely basis.existing debt instruments.

We utilize third-party servicesPursuant to maximize the efficiencyterms of our organization. The costexisting bonding arrangements with various sureties in connection with the decommissioning obligations related to our Beta Properties, or under any future bonding arrangements we may enter into, we may be required to post collateral at any time, on demand, at the sureties’ sole discretion. If additional collateral is required to support surety bond obligations, this collateral would probably be in the form of oilfield services may increasecash or decrease depending on the demand for services by other oil and gas companies. There is noletters of credit. We cannot provide assurance that we will be able to contractsatisfy collateral demands for such services on a timely basiscurrent bonds or thatfor future bonds.

If we are required to provide additional collateral, our liquidity position may be negatively impacted, and we may be required to seek alternative financing. To the cost of such services will remain at a satisfactory or affordable level. Shortages or the high cost of fractionation crews, drilling rigs, equipment, supplies, personnel or oilfield services could delay or adversely affect our development and exploration operations or cause usextent we are unable to incur significant expenditures that are not provided for insecure adequate financing, we may be forced to reduce our capital budget, which couldexpenditures in the current year or future years, may be unable to execute our asset retirement obligation plan or may be unable to comply with our existing debt instruments. If we are unable or unwilling to provide additional collateral, we may have a materialto pursue alternate bonding arrangements with other sureties. See Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in this Form 10-K for additional information.

Changes in U.S. federal income tax law may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition orcash flows, results of operations.

Our business depends on transportation by truck for our oil and condensate production, and our natural gas production depends on transportation facilities that are owned by third parties.

We transport all of our oil and condensate production by truck, which is more expensive and less efficient than transportation via pipeline. Our natural gas production depends in part on the availability, proximity and capacity of pipeline systems and processing facilities owned by third parties. Federal and state regulation of oil and natural gas production and transportation, tax and energy policies, changes in supply and demand, pipeline pressures, damage tooperations or destruction of pipelines and general economic conditions could adversely affect our ability to produce, gather and transport oil and natural gas.

The disruption of third-party facilities due to maintenance, capacity constraints, or weather could negatively impact our ability to market and deliver our products. We have no control over when or if such facilities are restored or what prices will be charged. A total shut-in of production could materially affect us due to a lack of cash flows, and if a substantial portion of the production is hedged at lower than current market prices, those financial hedges would have to be paid from borrowings absent sufficient cash flows.

Our drilling and production programs may not be able to obtain access on commercially reasonable terms or otherwise to truck transportation, pipelines, gas gathering, transmission, storage and processing facilities to market our oil and natural gas production.

condition.

The marketing of oilTax Cuts and natural gas production dependsJobs Act (the “Tax Act”), which was signed into law in large part on the capacity and availability of trucks, pipelines and storage facilities, gas gathering systems and other transportation, processing and refining facilities. Access to such facilities is, in many respects, beyond our control. If these facilities were unavailable to us on commercially reasonable terms or otherwise, we could be forced to shut in some production or delay or discontinue drilling plans and commercial production following a discovery of hydrocarbons. We rely (and expect to rely in the future) on facilities developed and owned by third parties in order to store, process, transmit and sell our oil and natural gas production. Our plans to develop and sell our oil and natural gas reserves could be materially and adversely affected by the inability or unwillingness of third parties to provide sufficient facilities and services to us on commercially reasonable terms or otherwise. The amount of oil and gas that can be produced is subject to limitation in certain circumstances, such as pipeline interruptions due to scheduled and unscheduled maintenance, excessive pressure, physical damage to the gathering, transportation, refining or processing facilities, or lack of capacity on such facilities. The curtailments arising from these and similar circumstancesDecember 2017, may last from a few days to several months, and in many cases, we may be provided only limited, if any, notice as to when these circumstances will arise and their duration.

We may incur substantial losses and be subject to substantial liability claims as a result of our oil and natural gas operations. Additionally, we may not be insured for, or our insurance may be inadequate to protect us against, these risks.

We are not insured against all risks. Losses and liabilities arising from uninsured and underinsured events could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Our oil and natural gas exploration and production activities are subject to all of the operating risks associated with drilling for and producing oil and natural gas, including the possibility of:

·                  environmental hazards, such as unauthorized releases of oil, natural gas, brine, well fluids, toxic gas or other pollution into the environment, including soil and groundwater contamination;

·                  abnormally pressured formations;

·                  mechanical difficulties, such as stuck oilfield drilling and service tools and casing collapse;

·                  fires, explosions and ruptures of pipelines;

·                  personal injuries and death; and

·                  natural disasters.

Any of these risks could adversely affect our ability to conduct operations or result in substantial losses as a result of:

·                  injury or loss of life;

·                  damage to and destruction of property, natural resources and equipment;

·                  pollution and other environmental damage;

·                  regulatory investigations and penalties;

·                  suspension of our operations; and

·                  repair and remediation costs.

We may elect not to obtain insurance if we believe that the cost of available insurance is excessive relative to the risks presented. In addition, pollution and environmental risks generally are not fully insurable. The occurrence of an event that is not fully covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Increased costs of capital could adversely affect our business.

Our business and operating results can be harmed by factors such as the availability, terms and cost of capital, or increases in interest rates. Changes in any one or more of these factors could cause our cost of doing business to increase, limit our access to capital, limit our ability to drill our identified locations and pursue acquisition opportunities, reduce our cash flows, availableresults of operations and financial condition. Among other items, the Tax Act repealed the deduction for drillingcertain U.S. production activities and place usprovided for a new limitation on the deduction for interest expense. Given the scope of the Tax Act and the potential interdependency of its changes, it is difficult at a competitive disadvantage. Continuing volatility inthis time to assess whether the global financial markets may lead to an increase in interest ratesoverall effect of the Tax Act will be cumulatively positive or a contraction in credit availability, impactingnegative for our ability to finance our operations. We require continued access to capital. A significant reduction in the availability of credit could materiallyearnings and adversely affect our ability to achieve our planned growth and operating results.

The inability of our significant purchasers to meet their obligations to uscash flow, but such changes may adversely affectimpact our financial results.

We are subject to credit risk due to concentration of our oil, NGLs and natural gas receivables with several significant purchasers. We generally do not require our purchasers to post collateral. The inability or failure of any of our significant purchasers to meet their obligations to us or their insolvency or liquidation may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Large competitors may be attracted to our core operating areas, which may increase our costs.

Our operations in the Mississippian Lime formation in northwestern Oklahoma and the Anadarko Basin in the Texas panhandle and western Oklahoma may attract companies that have greater resources than we do. These companies may be able to pay more for productive oil and natural gas properties and exploratory prospects or identify, evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of properties and prospects than our financial or human resources permit. Their presence in our areas of operations may also restrict our access to, or increase the cost of, oil and natural gas infrastructure, drilling rigs, equipment, supplies, personnel and oilfield services, including fracking equipment and crews. In addition, these companies may have a greater ability to continue exploration activities during periods of low oil and natural gas prices. Our larger competitors may be able to absorb the burden of present and future federal, state, local and other laws and regulations more easily than we can, which would adversely affect our competitive position. Our ability to acquire additional properties and to discover reserves in the future will be dependent upon our ability to evaluate and select suitable properties and to consummate transactions in a highly competitive environment. See “Business—Competition” for additional discussion of the competitive environment in which we operate.

Title to the properties in which we have an interest may be impaired by title defects.

We do not obtain title insurance and have not necessarily obtained drilling title opinions on all of our oil and natural gas properties. The existence of title deficiencies with respect to our oil and natural gas properties could reduce the value or render such properties worthless, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. A portion of our acreage is undeveloped leasehold acreage, which has a greater risk of title defects than developed acreage. Frequently, as a result of title examinations, certain curative work may be required to correct identified title defects, and such curative work entails time and expense. Our inability or failure to cure title defects could render some locations undrillable or cause us to lose our rights to some or all production from some of our oil and natural gas properties, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results if a comparable additional location to drill a development well cannot be identified.

Future legislation may result in the elimination of certainCertain U.S. federal income tax deductions currently available with respect to oil and natural gas exploration and production. Additionally,production may be eliminated as a result of future federal or statelegislation.

In past years, legislation may impose new or increased taxes or fees on oil and natural gas extraction, transportation and sales.

Potential legislation,has been proposed that would, if enacted into law, could make significant changes to U.S. federal and state income tax laws, including the elimination of certain key U.S. federal income tax incentives currently available to oil and natural gas exploration and production companies. These changes include, but are not limited to, (i) the repeal of the percentage depletion allowance for oil and natural gas properties, (ii) the elimination of current deductions for intangible drilling and development costs, or IDCs, (iii) the elimination of the deduction for certain U.S.domestic production activities and (iv) an extension of the amortization period for certain geological and geophysical expenditures. Although these provisions were largely unchanged inby the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, of 2017, which was signed in December 2017, Congress could consider, and could include, some or all of these proposals as part of future tax reform legislation, to accompany lower federal income tax rates.legislation. It is unclear when or ifwhether any of the foregoing or similar proposals will be considered and enacted as part of future tax reform legislation and if enacted, how soon any such changes cancould become effective. The passage of any legislation as a result of these proposals or any other similar changes in U.S. federal and state income tax laws could eliminate or postpone certain tax deductions that are currently available with respect to oil and natural gas exploration and development and any such change could negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, legislation could be enacted that increases the taxes states impose on oil and natural gas extraction.

We are subject to various governmental regulations that may cause us to incur substantial costs.

From time to time, in varying degrees, political developments and federal and state laws and regulations affect our operations. In particular, price controls, taxes and other laws relating to the oil and natural gas industry, changes in these laws and changes in administrative regulations have affected, and in the future could affect, oil and natural gas production, operations and economics. We cannot predict how agencies or courts will interpret existing laws and regulations or the effect these adoptions and interpretations may have on our business or financial condition.

Our business is subject to laws and regulations promulgated by federal, state and local authorities relating to the exploration for, and the development, production and marketing of, oil and natural gas, as well as safety matters. Legal requirements are frequently changed and subject to interpretation, and we are unable to predict the ultimate cost of compliance with these requirements or their effect on our operations. We may be required to make significant expenditures to comply with governmental laws and regulations. The discharge of oil, natural gas or other pollutants into the air, soil or water may give rise to significant liabilities on our part to the government and third parties and may require us to incur substantial costs of remediation.

Our sales of oil and natural gas may expose us to extensive regulation.

The FERC, the CFTC and the FTC hold statutory authority to monitor certain segments of the physical energy commodities markets relevant to our business. These agencies have imposed broad regulations prohibiting fraud and manipulation of such markets. With regard to our physical sales, if any, of oil, NGLs and natural gas, we are required to observe the market-related regulations enforced by these agencies.

Our operations are subject to stringent environmental laws and regulations that may expose us to significant costs and liabilities.

Our oil and natural gas exploration, production and development operations are subject to numerous stringent and complex federal, regional, state, local and other laws and regulations relating to pollution and protection of the environment, including those governing the release or disposal of materials into the environment. Potentially applicable environmental laws include, but are not limited to, (i) the CERCLA, and analogous state laws, which regulate the cleanup of hazardous substances that may have been released at properties currently or formerly owned or operated by us or locations to which we have sent wastes for disposal; (ii) the CWA and analogous state laws, which regulate the discharge of waste and storm waters from some of our facilities; (iii) the CAA, and analogous state laws, which impose obligations related to air emissions, including emissions limits and permitting requirements; (iv) the RCRA, and analogous state laws, which impose requirements for the handling and disposal of solid or hazardous waste; (v) the Endangered Species Act, and analogous state laws, which seek to ensure that activities do not jeopardize endangered animal, fish and plant species; (vi) the National Environmental Policy Act, which requires federal agencies to study potential environmental impacts of a proposed federal action before it is approved; and (vii) OSHA, and analogous state laws, which establish certain employer responsibilities, including maintenance of a workplace free of recognized hazards. These laws and regulations may, among other things, require the acquisition of a permit before drilling commences, require the maintenance of bonding requirements in order to drill or operate wells, restrict the types, quantities and concentration of substances that can be released into the environment in connection with drilling, completion and production activities, limit or prohibit construction or drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands, and other protected areas, impose specific standards for the plugging and abandoning of wells and impose substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from our operations. We may be required to make significant capital and operating expenditures to prevent releases, manage wastewater discharges and control air emissions or perform remedial or other corrective actions at our wells and properties to comply with the requirements of these environmental laws and regulations or the terms or conditions of permits issued pursuant to such requirements. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, loss of our leases, incurrence of investigatory or remedial obligations and the issuance of orders limiting or prohibiting some or all of our operations.

There is inherent risk of incurring significant environmental costs and liabilities in the performance of our operations due to our handling of petroleum hydrocarbons and other hazardous substances and wastes, as a result of air emissions and wastewater discharges related to our operations, and because of historical operations and waste disposal practices at our leased, operated and owned properties. Spills or other releases of regulated substances, including such spills and releases that occur in the future, could expose us to material losses, expenditures and liabilities or remedial obligations under applicable environmental laws and regulations. Under certain of such laws and regulations, we could be subject to strict, joint and several liability for the removal or remediation of previously released materials or property contamination, regardless of whether we were responsible for the release or contamination and even if our operations met previous standards in the industry or complied with existing applicable laws at the time they were conducted.

Changes in environmental laws and regulations occur frequently, and any changes that result in more stringent or costly well drilling, construction, completion or water management activities, air emissions control or waste handling, storage, transport, disposal or cleanup requirements could require us to make significant expenditures to attain and maintain compliance and may otherwise have a material adverse effect on our industry in general in addition to our own results of operations, competitive position or financial condition. For example, in May 2016, the EPA issued final rules that require the reduction of volatile organic compound and methane emissions from additional new, modified or reconstructed oil and gas emissions sources (the “2016 NSPS Rules”). In May 2017, the EPA announced a 90-day stay of portions of the 2016 NSPS Rules, which stay was vacated in part by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit on July 3, 2017. The EPA also proposed a two year stay of portions of the 2016 NSPS Rules on June 12, 2017, for which the public notice and comment period closed on August 9, 2017. Compliance with these or other new regulations could, among other things, require installation of new emission controls on some of our equipment, result in longer permitting timelines, and significantly increase our expenditures and operating costs, which could adversely impact our business.

Climate change legislation or regulations restricting emissions of GHGs could result in increased operating costs and reduced demand for the oil and natural gas we produce.

Based on the EPA’s determination that emissions of GHGs present an endangerment to public health and the environment because emissions of such gases are contributing to warming of the earth’s atmosphere and other climatic changes, the EPA has adopted regulations under existing provisions of the CAA to address GHG emissions. For example, the EPA has adopted regulations that establish preconstruction and operating permit reviews for GHG emissions from certain large stationary sources that already are potential major sources of certain principal, or criteria, pollutant emissions. Facilities required to obtain permits for their GHG emissions also will be required to meet “best available control technology” standards that typically will be established by the states. In addition, the EPA has adopted regulations requiring the monitoring and annual reporting of GHGs from certain sources in the United States, including, among others, certain onshore and offshore oil and natural gas production facilities. Most recently, in May 2016, the EPA finalized rules to reduce methane emissions from new, modified or reconstructed sources in the oil and natural gas sector. In November 2016, the BLM issued final rules to reduce methane emissions from venting, flaring, and leaks during oil and gas operations on public lands. However, the Department of the Interior (the parent department of BLM) announced in October 2017 that it would delay the effectiveness of certain aspects of the BLM methane rules intended to go into effect in January 2018.

In addition, the U.S. Congress has from time to time considered adopting legislation to reduce emissions of GHGs and a number of states have already taken legal measures to reduce emissions of GHGs primarily through the planned development of GHG emission inventories and/or regional GHG cap and trade programs. On an international level, the United States was one of almost 200 nations that is party to the Paris Agreement adopted in December 2015 to reduce global GHG emissions. On June 1, 2017, President Trump announced that the United States would withdraw from the Paris Agreement and that it would potentially seek to renegotiate the Agreement on more favorable terms. Although President Trump has the authority to unilaterally withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement, per the terms of the Agreement, such a withdrawal may not be made until three years from the effective date of the Agreement, which is November 4, 2019, and any such withdrawal only becomes effective one year after the notice of withdrawal is provided. Despite the planned withdrawal of the United States, various state and local governments have publicly committed to continue to further the goals of the Paris Agreement. The adoption of legislation or regulatory programs to reduce GHG emissions could require us to incur increased operating costs and could also increase the cost of consuming, and thereby reduce demand for, the oil and natural gas we produce. Consequently, legislation and regulatory programs to reduce emissions of GHGs could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, incentives to conserve energy or use alternative energy sources as a means of addressing climate change could reduce demand for oil, NGLs and natural gas. Finally, it should be noted that some scientists have concluded that increasing concentrations of GHGs in the Earth’s atmosphere may produce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, droughts and floods and other climatic events. If any such effects were to occur, they could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Federal and state legislative and regulatory initiatives relating to hydraulic fracturing as well as governmental reviews of such activities could result in increased costs, additional operating restrictions or delays, which could adversely affect our production.

Hydraulic fracturing is an important and common practice that is used to stimulate production of natural gas and/or oil from dense subsurface rock formations. The process involves the injection of water, sand and chemicals under pressure into the formation to fracture the surrounding rock and stimulate production. We routinely utilize hydraulic fracturing techniques in many of our oil and natural gas drilling and completion programs. The process is typically regulated by state oil and natural gas commissions or similar state agencies, but several federal agencies have asserted regulatory authority over certain aspects of the process. For example, the EPA has published permitting guidance in February 2014 addressing the use

of diesel fuel in fracturing operations; issued final CAA regulations governing performance standards, including standards for the capture of air emissions released during hydraulic fracturing; issued in June 2016 final effluent limit guidelines that saltwater from shale resource extraction operations must meet before discharging to publicly owned wastewater treatment plants; and issued in May 2014 a prepublication of its Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking regarding Toxic Substances Control Act reporting of the chemical substances and mixtures used in hydraulic fracturing. The air emissions standards issued in May 2016 and the effluent limit guidelines issued in June 2016 are potentially subject to repeal by the new Congress under the CRA. Also, the BLM published a final rule containing disclosure requirements and other mandates for hydraulic fracturing on federal and Indian lands in March of 2015. The U.S. District Court of Wyoming struck down this rule in June 2016, but the decision was appealed to the U.S. Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals. Although the Trump Administration has indicated it would like to repeal this rule, the Tenth Circuit dismissed this appeal and the underlying case on September 21, 2017 and it is unclear whether the rule remains in effect. Compliance with these requirements could increase our costs of development and production, which costs may be significant.

From time to time, Congress has considered legislation to provide for federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing and to require disclosure of the chemicals used in the fracturing process. Moreover, some states, including Texas and Oklahoma, where we operate, have adopted, and other states are considering adopting, regulations that could impose more stringent permitting, disclosure and well construction requirements on hydraulic fracturing operations under certain circumstances, or that prohibit hydraulic fracturing altogether. In addition, local government may seek to adopt ordinances within their jurisdictions regulating the time, place and manner of drilling activities in general or hydraulic fracturing activities in particular. If new or more stringent federal, state or local legal restrictions relating to the hydraulic fracturing process are adopted in areas where we operate, we could incur potentially significant added costs to comply with such requirements, and experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, or production activities. Restrictions on hydraulic fracturing could also reduce the amount of oil and natural gas that we are ultimately able to produce from our reserves. In addition, there are also certain governmental reviews underway that focus on environmental aspects of hydraulic fracturing practices which could spur initiatives to further regulate hydraulic fracturing under the SDWA or otherwise.

Our operations are dependent on our rights and ability to receive or renew the required permits and other approvals from governmental authorities and other third parties.

Performance of our operations requires that we obtain and maintain numerous environmental, water access and land use permits and other approvals authorizing our regulated activities. We must renew these permits and approvals periodically, and the permits and approvals may be modified or revoked by the issuing agency. A decision by a governmental authority or other third party to deny, delay or restrictively condition the issuance of a new or renewed permit or other approval, or to revoke or substantially modify an existing permit or other approval, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to initiate or continue operations at the affected location or facility. Expansion of our existing operations is also predicated on securing the necessary environmental, water access or land use permits and other approvals, which we may not receive in a timely manner or at all.

The adoption of financial reform legislation by Congress could have an adverse effect on our ability to use derivative instruments to reduce the effect of commodity price, interest rate and other risks associated with our business.

In July 2010, new comprehensive financial reform legislation, known as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “DF Act”), was enacted that establishes federal oversight and regulation of the over-the-counter derivatives market and entities, such as us, that participate in that market. The DF Act requires the CFTC, the SEC and other regulators to promulgate rules and regulations implementing the DF Act. Although the CFTC has finalized certain regulations, others remain to be finalized or implemented and it is not possible at this time to predict when this will be accomplished.

In one of its rulemaking proceedings still pending under the DF Act, the CFTC issued on December 5, 2016, re-proposed rules imposing position limits for certain futures and option contracts in various commodities (including oil and gas) and for swaps that are their economic equivalents. Under the proposed rules on position limits, certain types of hedging transactions are exempt from these limits on the size of positions that may be held, provided that such hedging transactions satisfy the CFTC’s requirements for certain enumerated “bona fide hedging” transactions or positions. As these new position limit rules are not yet final, the impact of those provisions on us is uncertain at this time.

The CFTC has designated certain interest rate swaps and credit default swaps for mandatory clearing and the associated rules also will require us in connection with covered derivatives activities to comply with clearing and trade-execution requirements or take steps to qualify for an exemption to such requirements. Although the Company expects to qualify for the end-user exception from the mandatory clearing requirements for swaps entered to hedge its commercial risks, the application of the mandatory clearing and trade execution requirements to other market participants, such as swap dealers, may change the cost and availability of the swaps that the Company uses for hedging. In addition, for uncleared swaps, the CFTC or federal banking regulators may require end-users to enter into credit support documentation and/or post initial and variation margins. Posting of collateral could impact liquidity and reduce cash available to the Company for its needs. The DF Act may also require the counterparties to our derivative instruments to spin off some of their derivatives activities to separate entities, which may not be as creditworthy as the current counterparties.

The full impact of the DF Act and related regulatory requirements upon the Company’s business will not be known until the regulations are implemented and the market for derivatives contracts has adjusted. The DF Act and regulations could significantly increase the cost of derivative contracts, materially alter the terms of derivative contracts, reduce the availability of derivatives to protect against risks we encounter, reduce our ability to monetize or restructure our existing derivative contracts, increase our exposure to less creditworthy counterparties or reduce liquidity. If we reduce our use of derivatives as a result of the DF Act and regulations, our results of operations may become more volatile and our cash flows may be less predictable, which could adversely affect our ability to plan for and fund capital expenditures.

Finally, the DF Act was intended, in part, to reduce the volatility of oil and natural gas prices, which some legislators attributed to speculative trading in derivatives and commodity instruments related to oil and natural gas. Our revenues could therefore be adversely affected if a consequence of the DF Act is to lower commodity prices. Any of these consequences could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

45


Our business could be adverselynegatively affected by security threats, including cyber-securitycybersecurity threats, destructive forms of protest and relatedopposition by activists and other disruptions.

We rely heavily on our information systems, and the availability and integrity of these systems are essential for us to conduct our business and operations. As a producer ofan oil NGLs and natural gas producer, we face various security threats, including cyber-securitycybersecurity threats to gain unauthorized access to our sensitive information, to misappropriate financial assets or to render our informationdata or systems unusable, andunusable; threats to the security of our facilities and infrastructure or third-partythird party facilities and infrastructure, such as gatheringprocessing plants and processingpipelines; and other facilities, refineries and pipelines.threats from terrorist acts. The potential for such security threats subjectshas subjected our operations to increased risks that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Ourbusiness. In particular, our implementation of various procedures and controls to monitor and mitigate such security threats and to increase security for our information, systems, facilities and infrastructure may result in increased capital and operating costs. Moreover, there can be no assurance that such procedures and controls will be sufficient to prevent security breaches from occurring. If any of these security breaches were to occur, they could lead to losses of or damage to,financial assets, sensitive information, critical infrastructure or facilities, infrastructure and systemscapabilities essential to our businessoperations and operations, as well as data corruption, communication interruptions or other disruptions to our operations, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our business,reputation, financial position, results of operations andor cash flows. Cybersecurity attacks in particular are becoming more sophisticated and include, but are not limited to, malicious software, attempts to gain unauthorized access to data and systems, and other electronic security breaches that could lead to disruptions in critical systems, unauthorized release of confidential or otherwise protected information, and corruption of data. These events could lead to financial losses from remedial actions, loss of business or potential liability. In addition, destructive forms of protest and opposition by activists and other disruptions, including acts of sabotage or eco-terrorism, against oil and gas production and activities could potentially result in damage or injury to people, property or the environment or lead to extended interruptions of our operations, adversely affecting our financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Relating to Our Common Stock

We are currently out of compliance with the NYSE minimum market capitalization requirement and are at risk of the NYSE delisting our Common Stock,

The exercise of all or any number of outstanding warrants or the issuance of stock-based awards may dilute your holding of shares of our common stock.

Pursuant to the Plan, we issued 24,994,867 shares of common stock in the reorganized Company, 4,411,765 warrants with a strike price of $24.00 per common share of the reorganized equity and 2,213,789 warrants with a strike price of $46.00 per common share of the reorganized equity. Additionally, a total of 3,513,950 shares of common stock of the reorganized equity are reserved for issuance under the 2016 LTIP as equity-based awards to employees, directors and certain other persons. The exercise of equity awards, including any stock options that we may grant in the future, and warrants, and the sale of shares of our common stock underlying any such options or the warrants, could which would have an adverse effectimpact on the market for our common stock, including the price that an investor could obtain for their shares. Investors may experience dilution in the net tangible book value of their investment upon the exercise of the warrants and any stock options that may be granted or issued pursuant to the 2016 LTIP in the future.

The price and trading volume, of our common stock may fluctuate significantly.

Theliquidity and market price of our common stock mayCommon Stock.  

On August 31, 2020, the Company, received the Market Cap Notice from the NYSE that the Company no longer satisfied the continued listing compliance standards set forth under Section 802.01B of the Manual because the average global market capitalization of the Company was less than $50,000,000 over a consecutive 30 trading-day period that ended on August 28, 2020 and, at the same time, the Company’s stockholders’ equity was less than $50,000,000.

Under NYSE procedures, the Company had 45 days from its receipt of the Market Cap Notice to submit a plan to the NYSE demonstrating how it intends to regain compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing standards within 18 months. The Company submitted its plan to regain compliance with the listing standards within the required timeframe.

Under NYSE rules, the Common Stock, will continue to be highly volatile and couldlisted on the NYSE during the cure period related to the Market Cap Deficiency, subject to the Company’s compliance with other continued listing requirements. The Common Stock’s trading symbol “AMPY” was assigned a “.BC” indicator by the NYSE to signify that the Company currently is not in compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing requirements.

If the Company fails to regain compliance with Sections 802.01B during the cure period the Common Stock will be subject to wide fluctuations. In addition, the trading volumeNYSE’s suspension and delisting procedures. Any such delisting could affect the market liquidity of our common stock may fluctuateCommon Stock, and, causeaccordingly, the market price of our Common Stock could decrease. A delisting of our Common Stock from the NYSE could negatively impact us as it would likely reduce the liquidity and market price of our Common Stock; reduce the number of investors willing to hold or acquire our Common Stock; result in wide bid-ask spreads; contribute to significant price variations to occur. Volatilityfluctuations in the market price of our common stock may prevent you from being able to sell your shares at or above the price at which you were granted your shares of common stock or above the price you paid to acquire your shares of common stock. The market price for our common stock could fluctuate significantly for various reasons, including:

·                  our new capital structure as a result of the transactions contemplated by the Plan;

·                  our limited trading history subsequent to our emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases;

·                  our limited trading volume;

·                  the concentration of holdings of our common stock;

·                  the lack of comparable historical financial information due to our adoption of fresh start accounting;

·                  actual or anticipated variations in our operating resultsCommon Stock; and cash flow;

·                  the nature and content of our earnings releases, announcements or events thatnegatively impact our products, customers, competitors or markets;

·                  business conditions in our markets and the general state of the securities markets and the market for energy-related stocks, as well as fluctuations in the prices of oil, NGLs and natural gas and general economic and market conditions.

·                  additions or departures of key members of management;

·                  any increased indebtedness we may incur in the future;

·                  announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, dispositions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments; and

·                  changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations affecting the oil and gas industry or enforcement of these laws and regulations, or announcements relating to these matters.

Future sales of our common stock in the public market or the issuance of securities senior to our common stock, or the perception that these sales may occur, could adversely affect the trading price of our common stock and our ability to raise funds in stock offerings.

A large percentage of our shares of common stock are held by a relatively small number of investors. Further, we entered into a registration rights agreement with certain of those investors pursuant to which we filed a registration statement with the SEC to facilitate potential future sales of such shares by them. Sales by us or our stockholders of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the publicaccess equity markets or even the perception that these sales might occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline or could impair our ability to raise capital through a future sale of, or pay for acquisitions using, our equity securities.

We are currently authorized to issue 250,000,000 shares of common stock and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock. As of December 31, 2017, we had outstanding approximately 25,173,346 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 6,625,554 shares of our common stock. We have also reserved an additional 3,513,950 units for granting under the 2016 LTIP of which 2,129,011 units remain available at December 31, 2017. The potential issuance of such additional shares of common stock may create downward pressure on the trading price of our common stock.obtain financing.

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

We may issue common stock or other equity securities senior to our common stock in the future for a number of reasons, including to finance acquisitions, to adjust our leverage ratio, and to satisfy our obligations upon the exercise of warrants and options, or for other reasons. We cannot predict the effect, if any, that future sales or issuances of shares of our common stock or other equity securities, or the availability of shares of common stock or such other equity securities for future sale or issuance, will have on the trading price of our common stock.

There may be circumstances in which the interests of our significant stockholders could be in conflict with the interests of our other stockholders.

As of December 31, 2017, funds advised by Avenue Capital Group, Centerbridge Partners and Fir Tree Partners held approximately 13.9%, 9.8% and 25.4%, respectively, of our post-reorganization common stock. Circumstances may arise in which these stockholders may have an interest in pursuing or preventing acquisitions, divestitures or other transactions, including the issuance of additional shares or debt, that, in their judgment, could enhance their investment in us or another company in which they invest. Such transactions might adversely affect us or other holders of our common stock. In addition, our significant concentration of share ownership may adversely affect the trading price of our common shares because investors may perceive disadvantages in owning shares in companies with significant stockholders.

ITEM 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

As of December 31, 2017, we did not have any unresolved comments from the SEC staff that were received 180 or more days prior to year-end.

ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES

Information regarding our properties is includedcontained in “Item 1. Business” above.Business — Our Areas of Operation” and “—Our Oil and Natural Gas Data” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations —Results of Operations” contained herein.

46


ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

As part of our normal business activities, we may be named as defendants in litigation and legal proceedings, including those arising from regulatory and environmental matters. If we determine that a negative outcome is probable and the amount of loss is reasonably estimable, we accrue the estimated amount. We are not aware of any litigation, pending or threatened, that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. No amounts have been accrued at December 31, 2020.

ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

TheFor additional information set forth under “Litigation” in “—regarding legal proceedings, see Note 16. Commitments16, “Commitments and Contingencies” inContingencies — Litigation and Environmental” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15included under “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-Kannual report, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURESNot applicable.

 

None.

47


PART II.II

ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market for Registrant’sOur Common Equity

Prior to October 24, 2016, our common stock traded on the OTC Pink market under the symbol “MPOY”. On October 24, 2016, our new common stock began trading on the NYSE MKT under the symbol “MPO”. On May 4, 2017, our common stock began tradingStock is listed on the NYSE under the trading symbol “MPO”. The following table sets forth the quarterly high“AMPY” and low sales prices per share as reported byhas been trading since August 7, 2019. Prior to such date, Midstates’ common stock was traded on the NYSE under the trading symbol “MPO” and NYSE MKT during 2017 and 2016:Legacy Amplify’s common stock was quoted on the OTCQX U.S. Premier marketplace under the trading symbol “AMPY.”

As of February 26, 2021, we had 37,943,167 shares of our Common Stock outstanding. As of February 26, 2021, we had twenty-five record holders of our Common Stock, based on information provided by our transfer agent.

 

 

Price Range

 

 

 

High

 

Low

 

Quarter Ended 2017:

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

$

17.55

 

$

14.04

 

September 30, 2017

 

$

16.94

 

$

12.42

 

June 30, 2017

 

$

19.75

 

$

10.87

 

March 31, 2017

 

$

22.54

 

$

17.64

 

Quarter Ended 2016:

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2016 (from October 24)

 

$

25.00

 

$

17.01

 

Dividends Policy

On March 8, 2018,3, 2020, our board of directors approved a quarterly dividend of $0.10 per share of Common Stock, which was paid on March 30, 2020 to stockholders of record at the last sales priceclose of business on March 16, 2020. The board of directors subsequently suspended quarterly dividends. Future dividends, if any, are subject to debt covenants under our Revolving Credit Facility and discretionary approval by the board of directors.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plan

See the information incorporated by reference in “Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters” for information regarding shares of our common stock as reported on the NYSE, was $13.56 per share.

As of March 8, 2018, there were 25,153,381 shares of common stock outstanding.

Holders

The number of shareholders of record of our common stock was thirteen on March 8, 2018.

Dividends

We have not paid any cash dividends since inception. In addition, our Exit Facility limits and restricts our ability to pay dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain all future earnings for the development and growth of our business, and we do not currently anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

Information regarding securities authorized for issuance under our equitystock compensation plan is set forth in our definitive proxy statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders,plans, which information is incorporated herein by reference here.

Stock Performance Graphreference.

The following performance graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be filed with the SEC, such information shall not be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act or Exchange Act, except to the extent that we specifically request that such information be treated as “soliciting material” or specifically incorporate such information by reference into such a filing.

The performance graph below shows the cumulative total return to our common stockholders from the date our common stock began trading on the NYSE MKT through December 31, 2017, as compared to the cumulative total returns on the Standard and Poor’s 500 Index (“S&P 500”) and the Standard and Poor’s 500 Oil & Gas Exploration & Production Index (“S&P O&G E&P”) for the same period of time. The comparison was prepared on the following assumptions:

·                  $100 was invested in our common stock at its opening price of $19.00 per share and invested in the S&P 500 and the S&P O&G E&P on October 24, 2016 at the closing price on such date; and

·                  Dividends, if any, are reinvested.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table providessets forth information regardingwith respect to the purchaseCompany’s repurchases of our common stock madeshares of its Common Stock during the fourth quarter of 2017. Shares purchased represent the net settlement on vesting of restricted stock necessary to satisfy the minimum statutory withholding requirements.2020.

Period

 

Total Number of

Shares Purchased

 

 

Average Price

Paid per Share

 

 

Total Number of

Shares Purchased as

Part of Publicly

Announced Plans

or Programs

 

 

Approximate Dollar

Value of Shares That

May Yet Be

Purchased Under the

Plans or Programs (1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(In thousands)

Common Shares Repurchased (1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

October 1, 2020 - October 31, 2020

 

 

10,610

 

 

$

0.78

 

 

 

 

 

n/a

November 1, 2020 - November 30, 2020

 

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

n/a

December 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020

 

 

2,278

 

 

$

1.06

 

 

 

 

 

n/a

 

Period

 

Total Number of Shares 
Purchased

 

Average Price Paid 
Per Share

 

October 1, 2017 – October 31, 2017

 

65,869

 

$

14.75

 

November 1, 2017 – November 30, 2017

 

345

 

$

15.95

 

December 1, 2017 – December 31, 2017

 

 

$

 

Total

 

66,214

 

$

14.76

 

(1)

Common shares are generally net-settled by shareholders to cover the required withholding tax upon vesting. The Company repurchased the remaining vesting shares on the vesting date at current market price. See Note 12, “Equity-based Awards” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included under “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this annual report, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATAWe are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information under this item.

48


ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following tables set forth our selected financial data over the five-year period ended December 31, 2017. The information in the table below has been derived from our consolidated financial statementsManagement’s Discussion and the notes thereto included in Item 15 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This informationAnalysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” contained herein. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our future plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance. The forward-looking statements are dependent upon events, risks and uncertainties that may be outside our control. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences are discussed in “Risk Factors” contained in Part I, Item 1A. of this report. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed may not occur. See “Forward-Looking Statements” in the front of this annual report.

Overview

We operate in one reportable segment engaged in the acquisition, development, exploitation and production of oil and natural gas properties. Our management evaluates performance based on the reportable business segment as the economic environments are not different within the operation of our oil and natural gas properties. Our business activities are conducted through OLLC, our wholly owned subsidiary, and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Our assets consist primarily of producing oil and natural gas properties located in Oklahoma, the Rockies, federal waters offshore Southern California, East Texas/North Louisiana and Eagle Ford. Most of our oil and natural gas properties are located in large, mature oil and natural gas reservoirs.

The Company’s properties consist primarily of operated and non-operated working interests in producing and undeveloped leasehold acreage and working interests in identified producing wells. As of December 31, 2020:

Our total estimated proved reserves were approximately 113.8 MMBoe, of which approximately 41% were oil and 85% were classified as proved developed reserves;

We produced from 2,448 gross (1,354 net) producing wells across our properties, with an average working interest of 55%, and the Company is the operator of record of the properties containing 92% of our total estimated proved reserves; and

Our average net production for the three months ended December 31, 2020 was 26.3 MBoe/d, implying a reserve-to-production ratio of approximately 12 years.

Industry Trends

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a global pandemic related to the proliferation of COVID-19. The impact of COVID-19 and efforts to mitigate its spread have caused significant volatility in U.S. and international markets and a substantial reduction in global and domestic demand for oil and natural gas. Actions by governmental authorities to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, such as imposing mandatory closures of all non-essential business facilities, seeking voluntary closures of business facilities, and imposing restrictions on, or advisories with respect to, travel, business operations and public gatherings or interactions, have further exacerbated the economic impact of the pandemic.

As a result of the pandemic, there has also been a sharp reduction in the demand for oil and natural gas and a precipitous decline in commodity prices, which were further impacted by disputes over production levels among oil-producing countries, the significant increase in production levels by such countries and limited storage capacity for natural gas, oil and refined products.

In response to the unprecedented and extremely low commodity prices, the Company executed several liquidity enhancement initiatives to better position the Company through the downturn, including significant decreases to operating and G&A expenses, substantial reductions to capital programs, the monetization of a portion of the Company’s 2021 in-the-money crude oil hedges, the receipt of loan proceeds from the federal government’s Paycheck Protection Program, royalty relief at the Company’s Beta Properties and the suspension of the quarterly dividend, among other things. The successful realization and execution of our liquidity enhancing initiatives, coupled with a disciplined commodity hedging program, have substantially mitigated the impact of the pandemic on the Company’s operational and financial results and demonstrated the sustainable value of our long-lived, low-decline assets.

Despite the gradual recovery in commodity prices in the second half of 2020 and the expectation of a successful phased rollout of a vaccine in 2021, we have continued our commitment to operating in a disciplined, capital efficient manner, and we remain committed to the responsible stewardship of our assets and to continue focusing on maximizing cash flows, further reducing debt, delivering low-cost capital efficient operations, and generating shareholder value. We will continue to monitor developments regarding the pandemic, the distribution of the vaccination and changes in market conditions as we pursue our business and strategic objectives.

49


Recent Developments

Appointment of Chief Executive Officer and Director

On January 19, 2021, the Company appointed Mr. Martyn Willsher as the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer and member of the Board. Mr. Willsher, had served as the Company’s Interim Chief Executive Officer since April 3, 2020 and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since April 27, 2018.

Appointment of Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

On January 19, 2021, the Company appointed Mr. Jason McGlynn as the Company’s Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. McGlynn, had served as the Company’s Vice President of Business Development since February 3, 2020.

Resignation of Chairman of the Board of Directors

On January 19, 2021, Mr. David H. Proman announced his resignation from his position as Chairman of the board of directors of the Company. Mr. Proman retained his seat as a member of the board of directors.

Appointment of Chairman of the Board of Directors

Concurrently with Mr. Proman’s resignation, the board of directors unanimously approved and appointed Mr. Christopher W. Hamm as the Company’s new Chairman of the board of directors.

Appointment of Director to the Board of Directors

On February 10, 2021, Ms. Patrice Douglas was appointed as a member of the Company’s board of directors and will also serve on the Company’s audit committee.

Secondary Public Offering of Common Stock for Selling Stockholders

On December 11, 2020, certain selling stockholders of the Company (the “Selling Stockholders”), Roth Capital Partners, LLC (the “Underwriter”) and the Company entered into an underwriting agreement, pursuant to which the Selling Stockholders agreed to sell to the Underwriter, and the Underwriter agreed to purchase from the Selling Stockholders, subject to and upon the terms and conditions set forth therein, an aggregate of 8,548,485 shares of Common Stock. The offering closed on December 15, 2020. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of Common Stock in the offering.

The offering was made pursuant to effective shelf registration statements (File No. 333-233677, effective October 11, 2019, and 333-215602, effective May 1, 2018) and prospectuses filed by the Company with the SEC. The offering of these securities was made only by means of a prospectus and prospectus supplement.

Borrowing Base Redetermination

On November 18, 2020, as part of the Company’s fall 2020 semiannual borrowing base redetermination, the borrowing base and lender commitments under the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility reaffirmed the borrowing base at $260.0 million, with the next such redetermination scheduled for spring 2021. The Revolving Credit Facility is a reserve-based revolving credit facility with a maturity date of November 2, 2023, and semiannual borrowing base redeterminations.

Notice of Non-Compliance with NYSE Continued Listing Standards

On August 31, 2020, the Company, received the Market Cap Notice from the NYSE that the Company no longer satisfied the continued listing compliance standards set forth under Section 802.01B of the Manual because the average global market capitalization of the Company was less than $50,000,000 over a consecutive 30 trading-day period that ended on August 28, 2020 and, at the same time, the Company’s stockholders’ equity was less than $50,000,000 (the “Market Cap Deficiency”).

Under NYSE procedures, the Company had 45 days from its receipt of the Market Cap Notice to submit a plan to the NYSE demonstrating how it intends to regain compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing standards within 18 months. The Company submitted its plan to regain compliance with the listing standards within the required timeframe.

In addition, on October 13, 2020, the Company received the Share Price Notice from the NYSE that the Company no longer satisfied the continued listing compliance standards set forth under Section 802.01C of the Manual because the average closing price of the Company’s Common Stock was below $1.00 over a 30 consecutive trading-day period that ended October 12, 2020. Under the NYSE’s rules, the Company had six months following receipt of the Share Price Notice to regain compliance with the minimum share price requirement.

The Company notified the NYSE of its intent to cure the Share Price Deficiency and return to compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing requirements. On January 4, 2021, the Company received written notification from the NYSE that the Company regained compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing standards. The Company regained compliance after its average closing price for the 30 trading-day period ended December 31, 2020 and its closing price on December 31, 2020 both exceeded $1.00 per share.

50


Under NYSE rules, the Common Stock, will continue to be listed on the NYSE during the cure period related to the Market Cap Deficiency, subject to the Company’s compliance with other continued listing requirements. The Common Stock’s trading symbol “AMPY” was assigned a “.BC” indicator by the NYSE to signify that the Company currently is not in compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing requirements. If the Company fails to regain compliance with Sections 802.01B of the Manual during the cure period, the Common Stock will be subject to the NYSE’s suspension and delisting procedures.

Business Environment and Operational Focus

We use a variety of financial and operational metrics to assess the performance of our oil and natural gas operations, including: (i) production volumes; (ii) realized prices on the sale of our production; (iii) cash settlements on our commodity derivatives; (iv) lease operating expense; (v) gathering, processing and transportation; (vi) general and administrative expense; and (vii) Adjusted EBITDA.

Production Volumes

Production volumes directly impact our results of operations. For more information about our volumes, see “— Results of Operations” below.

Realized Prices on the Sale of Oil and Natural Gas

We market our oil and natural gas production to a variety of purchasers based on regional pricing. The relative prices of oil and natural gas are determined by the factors impacting global and regional supply and demand dynamics, such as economic conditions, production levels, weather cycles and other events. In addition, realized prices are heavily influenced by product quality and location relative to consuming and refining markets.

Natural Gas. The NYMEX-Henry Hub future price of natural gas is a widely used benchmark for the pricing of natural gas in the United States. The actual prices realized from the sale of natural gas can differ from the quoted NYMEX-Henry Hub price as a result of quality and location differentials. Quality differentials to NYMEX-Henry Hub prices result from: (1) the Btu content of natural gas, which measures its heating value, and (2) the percentage of sulfur, CO2 and other inert content by volume. Natural gas with a high Btu content (“wet” natural gas) sells at a premium to natural gas with low Btu content (“dry” natural gas) because it yields a greater quantity of NGLs. Natural gas with low sulfur and CO2 content sells at a premium to natural gas with high sulfur and CO2 content because of the added cost required to separate the sulfur and CO2 from the natural gas to render it marketable. Wet natural gas may be processed in third-party natural gas plants, where residue natural gas as well as NGLs are recovered and sold. At the wellhead, our natural gas production typically has an average energy content greater than 1,000 Btu. The dry natural gas residue from our properties is generally sold based on index prices in the region from which it is produced.

Location differentials to NYMEX-Henry Hub prices result from variances in transportation costs based on the produced natural gas’ proximity to the major consuming markets to which it is ultimately delivered. Historically, these index prices have generally been at a discount to NYMEX-Henry Hub natural gas prices.

Oil. The NYMEX-WTI futures price is a widely used benchmark in the pricing of domestic and imported oil in the United States. The ICE Brent futures price is a widely used global price benchmark for oil. The actual prices realized from the sale of oil can differ from the quoted NYMEX-WTI price as a result of quality and location differentials. Quality differentials result from the fact that crude oils differ from one another in their molecular makeup, which plays an important part in their refining and subsequent sale as petroleum products. Among other things, there are two characteristics that commonly drive quality differentials: (1) the oil’s American Petroleum Institute (“API”) gravity and (2) the oil’s percentage of sulfur content by weight. In general, lighter oil (with higher API gravity) produces a larger number of lighter products, such as gasoline, which have higher resale value and, therefore, normally sells at a higher price than heavier oil. Oil with low sulfur content (“sweet” oil) is less expensive to refine and, as a result, normally sells at a higher price than high sulfur-content oil (“sour” oil).

Location differentials result from variances in transportation costs based on the produced oil’s proximity to the major consuming and refining markets to which it is ultimately delivered. Oil that is produced close to major consuming and refining markets, such as near Cushing, Oklahoma, is in higher demand as compared to oil that is produced farther from such markets. Consequently, oil that is produced close to major consuming and refining markets normally realizes a higher price (i.e., a lower location differential).

The oil produced from our onshore properties is a combination of sweet and sour oil, varying by location. This oil is typically sold at the NYMEX-WTI price, adjusted for quality and transportation differential, depending primarily on location and purchaser. The oil produced from our Beta Properties is heavy and sour oil. Oil produced from our Beta Properties is currently sold based on refiners’ posted prices for California Midway-Sunset deliveries in Southern California, adjusted primarily for quality and a negotiated market differential.

51


Price Volatility. In the past, oil and natural gas prices have been extremely volatile, and we expect this volatility to continue. The following table shows the low and high commodity future index prices for the periods indicated:

 

High

 

 

Low

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2020:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NYMEX-WTI oil future price range per Bbl

$

63.27

 

 

$

(37.63

)

NYMEX-Henry Hub natural gas future price range per MMBtu

$

3.35

 

 

$

1.48

 

ICE Brent oil future price range per Bbl

$

68.91

 

 

$

19.33

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For the Five Years Ended December 31, 2020:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NYMEX-WTI oil future price range per Bbl

$

76.41

 

 

$

(37.63

)

NYMEX-Henry Hub natural gas future price range per MMBtu

$

4.84

 

 

$

1.48

 

ICE Brent oil future price range per Bbl

$

86.29

 

 

$

19.33

 

Commodity Derivative Contracts. Our hedging activities are intended to support oil, natural gas and NGL prices at targeted levels and to manage our exposure to commodity price fluctuations. We intend to enter into commodity derivative contracts at times and on terms desired to maintain a portfolio of commodity derivative contracts covering at least 30% - 60% of our estimated production from proved developed producing reserves over a one-to-three-year period at any given point of time. Additionally, to satisfy the hedging covenants in our Revolving Credit Facility, we are expected to hedge 65% and 45% of our estimated production from total proved developed reserves for calendar years 2021 and 2022, respectively. We may, however, from time to time hedge more or less than this approximate range. Additionally, we may take advantage of opportunities to modify our commodity derivative portfolio to change the percentage of our hedged production volumes when circumstances suggest that it is prudent to do so. The current market conditions may also impact our ability to enter into future commodity derivative contracts.

Principal Components of Cost Structure

Lease operating expense. These are the day to day costs incurred to maintain production of our natural gas, NGLs and oil. Such costs include utilities, direct labor, water injection and disposal, the cost of CO2 injection, chemicals, materials and supplies, compression, repairs and workover expenses. Cost levels for these expenses can vary based on supply and demand for oilfield services and activities performed during a specific period.

Gathering, processing and transportation. These are costs incurred to deliver production of our natural gas, NGLs and oil to the market. Cost levels of these expenses can vary based on the volume of natural gas, NGLs and oil production.

Exploration expense. These are geological and geophysical costs and include certain seismic costs, costs of unsuccessful exploratory dry holes and unsuccessful leasing efforts. Exploration expense also include rig contract termination fees.

Taxes other than income. These consist of production, ad valorem and franchise taxes. Production taxes are paid on produced natural gas, NGLs and oil based on a percentage of market prices and at fixed per unit rates established by federal, state or local taxing authorities. We take advantage of credits and exemptions in the various taxing jurisdictions where we operate. Ad valorem taxes are generally tied to the valuation of the oil and natural gas properties. Franchise taxes are privilege taxes levied by states that are imposed on companies, including limited liability companies and partnerships, which gives the businesses the right to be chartered or operate within that state.

Depreciation, depletion and amortization. Depreciation, depletion and amortization (“DD&A”) includes the systematic expensing of the capitalized costs incurred to acquire, exploit and develop oil and natural gas properties. As a “successful efforts” company, all costs associated with acquisition and development efforts and all successful exploration efforts are capitalized, and these costs are depleted using the units of production method.

Impairment expense. Proved properties are impaired whenever the net carrying value of the properties exceed their estimated undiscounted future cash flows. Unproved properties are impaired based on time or geologic factors.

General and administrative expense. These costs include overhead, including payroll and benefits for employees, costs of maintaining headquarters, costs of managing production and development operations, compensation expense associated with certain long-term incentive-based plans, audit and other professional fees and legal compliance expenses.

Accretion expense. Accretion expense is recognized over time as the discounted liabilities are accreted to their expected settlement value.

Interest expense. Historically, we financed a portion of our working capital requirements, capital development and acquisitions with borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. As a result, we incur substantial interest expense that is affected by both fluctuations in interest rates and financing decisions. We expect to continue to incur significant interest expense.

52


Income tax expense. We are a corporation subject to federal and certain state income taxes. We are subject to the Texas margin tax for activities in the State of Texas.

Outlook

Based on our current plans, our capital expenditure program for the full year 2021 is expected to be approximately $28.0 million to $39.0 million. The charts below detail the allocation of capital across our asset base and by investment type based on the midpoint of our 2021 capital expenditure range.

As has been our historical practice, we will periodically review our capital expenditures throughout the year and may adjust the budget based on commodity prices and other factors. We anticipate funding our 2021 capital program from internally generated cash flow. Borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and/or debt or equity financings may provide incremental financial flexibility.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Significant estimates include, but are not limited to, oil and natural gas reserves; depreciation, depletion and amortization of proved oil and natural gas properties; future cash flows from oil and natural gas properties; impairment of long-lived assets; fair value of derivatives; fair value of equity compensation; fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations and asset retirement obligations.

Oil and Natural Gas Properties

Oil and natural gas exploration, development and production activities are accounted for in accordance with the successful efforts method of accounting. Under this method, costs of acquiring properties, costs of drilling successful exploration wells and development costs are capitalized. The costs of exploratory wells are initially capitalized pending a determination of whether proved reserves have been found. At the completion of drilling activities, the costs of exploratory wells remain capitalized if a determination is made that proved reserves have been found. If no proved reserves have been found, the costs of each of the related exploratory wells are charged to expense. In some cases, a determination of proved reserves cannot be made at the completion of drilling, requiring additional testing and evaluation of the wells. The costs of such exploratory wells are expensed if a determination of proved reserves has not been made within a twelve-month period after drilling is complete. Exploration costs such as geological, geophysical, and seismic costs attributable to unproved locations are expensed as incurred.

53


As exploration and development work progresses and the reserves on these properties are proven, capitalized costs attributed to the properties are subject to depreciation and depletion. Depletion of capitalized costs is provided using the units-of-production method based on proved oil and gas reserves related to the associated field. Capitalized drilling and development costs of producing oil and natural gas properties are depleted over proved developed reserves and leasehold costs are depleted over total proved reserves. Support equipment and facilities, which are primarily related to our Rockies and California assets, are depreciated using the straight-line method generally based on estimated useful lives of fifteen to forty years.

On the sale or retirement of a complete or partial unit of a proved property or pipeline and related facilities, the cost and related accumulated depreciation, depletion, and amortization are eliminated from the property accounts, and any gain or loss is recognized.

Oil and Natural Gas Reserves

The estimates of proved oil and natural gas reserves utilized in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements are estimated in accordance with the rules established by the SEC and the FASB. These rules require that reserve estimates be prepared under existing economic and operating conditions using a trailing 12-month average price with no provision for price and cost escalations in future years except by contractual arrangements. The development of the Company’s oil and natural gas reserve quantities require management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to the intent and ability to complete undeveloped proved reserves within a five-year development period, as prescribed by SEC guidelines. Additionally, none of our PUDs are scheduled to be developed on a date more than five years from the date the reserves were initially booked as PUD as prescribed by the SEC guidelines. PUDs are converted from undeveloped to developed as applicable wells begin production. We engaged CG&A, our independent reserve engineers, to prepare our reserves estimates for all of our proved reserves at December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Reserve estimates are inherently imprecise. Accordingly, the estimates are expected to change as more current information becomes available. It is possible that, because of changes in market conditions or the inherent imprecision of reserve estimates, the estimates of future cash inflows, future gross revenues, the amount of oil and natural gas reserves, the remaining estimated lives of oil and natural gas properties, or any combination of the above may be increased or decreased. Increases in recoverable economic volumes generally reduce per unit depletion rates while decreases in recoverable economic volumes generally increase per unit depletion rates.

Impairments

Proved oil and natural gas properties are reviewed for impairment when events and circumstances indicate the carrying value of such properties may not be recoverable. This may be due to a downward revision of the reserve estimates, less than expected production or drilling results, higher operating and development costs, or lower commodity prices. The estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected in connection with the property are compared to the carrying value of the property to determine if the carrying amount is recoverable. If the carrying value of the property exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, the carrying amount of the property is reduced to its estimated fair value using Level 3 inputs. The factors used to determine fair value include, but are not limited to, estimates of proved and probable reserves, future commodity prices, the timing of future production and capital expenditures and a discount rate commensurate with the risk reflective of the lives remaining for the respective oil and gas properties.  

Unproved oil and natural gas properties are reviewed for impairment based on time or geologic factors. Information such as drilling results, reservoir performance, seismic interpretation or future plans to develop acreage is also considered. When unproved property investments are deemed to be impaired, the expense is reported in impairment expenses.

Asset Retirement Obligations

An asset retirement obligation associated with retiring long-lived assets is recognized as a liability on a discounted basis in the period in which the legal obligation is incurred and becomes determinable, with an equal amount capitalized as an addition to oil and natural gas properties, which is allocated to expense over the useful life of the asset. Generally, oil and gas producing companies incur such a liability upon acquiring or drilling a well. Accretion expense is recognized over time as the discounted liabilities are accreted to their expected settlement value. Upon settlement of the liability, a gain or loss is recognized in net income (loss) to the extent the actual costs differ from the recorded liability.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue from the sale of oil and natural gas is recognized when title passes, net of royalties due to third parties. Oil and natural gas revenues are recorded using the sales method. Under this method, revenues are recognized based on actual volumes of oil and natural gas sold to purchasers, regardless of whether the sales are proportionate to our ownership in the property. An asset or a liability is recognized to the extent there is an imbalance in excess of the proportionate share of the remaining recoverable reserves on the underlying properties.

54


Derivative Instruments

Commodity derivative financial instruments (e.g., swaps, collars and puts) are used to reduce the impact of natural gas and oil price fluctuations. Every derivative instrument is recorded in the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at its fair value. Changes in the derivative’s fair value are recognized currently in earnings as we have not elected hedge accounting for any of our derivative positions.

Business Combinations

Accounting for the acquisition of a business requires the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired to be recorded at fair value. The most significant assumptions in a business combination include those used to estimate the fair value of the oil and gas properties acquired. The fair value of proved natural gas properties is determined using a risk-adjusted after-tax discounted cash flow analysis based upon significant assumptions including commodity prices; projections of estimated quantities of reserves; projections of future rates of production; timing and amount of future development and operating costs; projected reserve recovery factors; and a weighted average cost of capital.

The Company utilizes a market approach to estimate the fair value of unproved properties acquired in a business combination which requires the Company to use judgment in considering the value per undeveloped acre in recent comparable transactions to estimate the value of unproved properties.

The Company believes that the accounting estimates related to business combinations are “critical accounting estimates” because the Company must, in determining the fair value of assets acquired, make assumptions about future commodity prices; projections of estimated quantities of reserves; projections of future rates of production; projections regarding the timing and amount of future development and operating costs; and projections of reserve recovery factors, per acre values of undeveloped property, replacement cost of and future cash flows from midstream assets, cash flow from customer relationships and non-compete agreements and the pre and post modification value of stock based awards. Different assumptions may result in materially different values for these assets which would impact the Company’s financial position and future results of operations.

Results of Operations

The results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, have been derived from our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Factors Affecting the Comparability of the Historical Financial Results

The comparability of the results of operations among the periods presented is impacted by the Merger between Legacy Amplify and Midstates in August 2019.

As a result, the historical results of operations and period-to-period comparisons of these results and certain financial data may not be comparable or indicative of future results.

55


The table below summarizes certain of the results of operations and period-to-period comparisons for the periods indicated.

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

($ In thousands)

 

Oil and natural gas sales

$

200,888

 

 

$

274,607

 

Lease operating expense

 

119,708

 

 

 

123,918

 

Gathering, processing and transportation

 

20,547

 

 

 

18,475

 

Taxes other than income

 

12,944

 

 

 

18,668

 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

40,268

 

 

 

55,843

 

Impairment expense

 

476,936

 

 

 

2,246

 

General and administrative expense

 

27,789

 

 

 

55,288

 

Accretion of asset retirement obligations

 

6,206

 

 

 

5,559

 

(Gain) loss on commodity derivative instruments

 

(60,671

)

 

 

6,700

 

Interest expense, net

 

(20,522

)

 

 

(16,855

)

Other income (expense)

 

65

 

 

 

(1,117

)

Loss on lease

 

 

 

 

(4,247

)

Reorganization items, net

 

(566

)

 

 

(1,057

)

Income tax benefit (expense)

 

(115

)

 

 

50

 

Net income (loss)

 

(464,030

)

 

 

(35,197

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and natural gas revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil sales

$

138,273

 

 

$

192,944

 

NGL sales

 

20,064

 

 

 

22,347

 

Natural gas sales

 

42,551

 

 

 

59,316

 

Total oil and natural gas revenue

$

200,888

 

 

$

274,607

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Production volumes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil (MBbls)

 

3,887

 

 

 

3,498

 

NGLs (MBbls)

 

1,725

 

 

 

1,343

 

Natural gas (MMcf)

 

27,473

 

 

 

26,489

 

Total (MBoe)

 

10,190

 

 

 

9,256

 

Average net production (MBoe/d)

 

27.8

 

 

 

25.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average sales price:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil (per Bbl)

$

35.58

 

 

$

55.16

 

NGL (per Bbl)

 

11.63

 

 

 

16.64

 

Natural gas (per Mcf)

 

1.55

 

 

 

2.24

 

Total (per Boe)

$

19.71

 

 

$

29.67

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average unit costs per Boe:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lease operating expense

$

11.75

 

 

$

13.39

 

Gathering, processing and transportation

 

2.02

 

 

 

2.00

 

Taxes other than income

 

1.27

 

 

 

2.02

 

General and administrative expense

 

2.73

 

 

 

5.97

 

Depletion, depreciation and amortization

 

3.95

 

 

 

6.03

 

For the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019

Net losses of $464.0 million and $35.2 million was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Oil, natural gas and NGL revenues were $200.9 million and $274.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Average net production volumes were approximately 27.8 MBoe/d and 25.4 MBoe/d for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The change in production volumes was primarily related to the Merger of Midstates in 2019. The average realized sales price was $19.71 per Boe and $29.67 per Boe for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The change in the average realized sales price was primarily due to lower commodity prices during 2020.

Lease operating expense was $119.7 million and $123.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The change in lease operating expense was primarily due to cost savings initiatives implemented during 2020 offset by an increase in production due to the Merger. On a per Boe basis, lease operating expense was $11.75 and $13.39 for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The change in lease operating expense on a per Boe basis was primarily related to the implementation of cost savings initiatives during 2020 offset by an increase in production due to the Merger.

Gathering, processing and transportation expenses were $20.5 million and $18.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The change in gathering, processing and transportation expenses was primarily driven by the Merger and increased fees to satisfy the minimum volume requirement. On a per Boe basis, gathering, processing and transportation expenses were $2.02 and $2.00 for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

56


Taxes other than income was $12.9 million and $18.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. On a per Boe basis, taxes other than income were $1.27 and $2.02 for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The change in taxes other than income on a per Boe basis was primarily due to a decrease in commodity prices.

DD&A expense was $40.3 million and $55.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The change in DD&A expense was primarily due to impairments which reduced depletable oil and gas property.

Impairment expense was $476.9 million and $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. We recognized $427.6 million of impairment expense on proved properties for the year ended December 31, 2020. The estimated future cash flows expected from these properties were compared to their carrying values and determined to be unrecoverable primarily as a result of declining commodity prices. We recognized $49.3 million of impairment expense on unproved properties for the year ended December 31, 2020, which was related to expiring leases and the evaluation of qualitative and quantitative factors related to the current decline in commodity prices. The $2.2 million of impairment expense for the year ended December 31, 2019, related to certain unproved leasehold costs in Oklahoma. This was primarily due to changes in development plans in the areas of Alfalfa, Major and Woods Counties in Oklahoma.

General and administrative expense was $27.8 million and $55.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The change in general and administrative expense is primarily attributable to a decrease in acquisition and divestiture expense of $16.2 million related to the Merger, which consisted of a decrease of general acquisition expense and severance of $6.2 million, a decrease in professional services of $4.8 million, a decrease of legal services of $3.6 million, and a decrease in director & officer liability insurance of $2.1 million. The Merger acquisition expenses are non-recurring and are not expected to impact future expenses. Additional in connection with the Merger, we converted our unvested Legacy Amplify restricted stock units into newly issued restricted stock units which reflected a decrease in stock compensation expense of $2.6 million.

Net gains on commodity derivative instruments of $60.7 million were recognized for the year ended December 31, 2020, consisting of $19.7 million decrease in the fair value of open positions offset by $62.4 million of cash settlements received on expired positions and $18.0 million of cash settlements received on terminated positions. Net losses on commodity derivative instruments of $6.7 million were recognized for the year ended December 31, 2019, consisting of $10.9 million decrease in the fair value of open positions offset by $4.2 million of cash settlements received on expired positions.

Given the volatility of commodity prices, it is not possible to predict future reported unrealized mark-to-market net gains or losses and the actual net gains or losses that will ultimately be realized upon settlement of the hedge positions in future years. If commodity prices at settlement are lower than the prices of the hedge positions, the hedges are expected to mitigate the otherwise negative effect on earnings of lower oil, natural gas and NGL prices. However, if commodity prices at settlement are higher than the prices of the hedge positions, the hedges are expected to dampen the otherwise positive effect on earnings of higher oil, natural gas and NGL prices and will, in this context, be viewed as having resulted in an opportunity cost.

Interest expense, net was $20.5 million and $16.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase in interest expense is primarily due to being in a loss position for interest rate swaps of $4.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to being in a gain position of $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Additionally, we had an increase of $2.1 million in the amortization and write-off of deferred financing costs offset by a $2.6 million reduction in interest expense due to lower outstanding borrowings for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Average outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility were $279.1 million and $264.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Loss on Lease was $4.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, which was related to the Midstates corporate office lease. The office was vacated in mid-November 2019. Due to excess sublease inventory in the local market, a liability had been accrued for rent and other operating expenses based upon the term and provisions of the lease.  

For the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to the year ended December 31, 2018

Information related to the comparison of our operating results between the years 2019 and 2018 is included in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our 2019 Form 10-K filed with the SEC and is qualified in its entiretyincorporated by the more detailed information our consolidated financial statements set forth in Item 15 ofreference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

57


Adjusted EBITDA

Presented below is our historical financial data for the periods indicated. The historical financial data for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in Item 15We include in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The historicalreport the non-GAAP financial data for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are derived from our audited financial statements not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As discussed in “—Note 3. Fresh Start Accounting” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, upon our emergence on the Effective Date, we adopted fresh start accounting as required by US GAAP. We applied fresh start accounting as of October 21, 2016. As a result of the application of fresh start accounting, as well as the effects of the implementation of the Plan, our consolidated financial statements on or after the Effective Date are not comparable with our consolidated financial statements prior to that date.

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

(in thousands, except per share

 

 

 

For the Period 
October 21, 2016
through December

 

 

For the Period 
January 1, 2016
through October

 

December 31,

 

amounts)

 

December 31, 2017

 

31, 2016

 

 

20, 2016

 

2015(1)

 

2014(2)

 

2013(3)

 

Income Statement Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues

 

$

228,753

 

$

48,525

 

 

$

193,228

 

$

365,145

 

$

794,183

 

$

469,506

 

Net income (loss)

 

(85,077

)

9,930

 

 

1,323,079

 

(1,797,195

)

116,929

 

(343,985

)

Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders(4)

 

(85,077

)

9,650

 

 

1,306,557

 

(1,798,143

)

67,271

 

(359,574

)

Net income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted

 

$

(3.39

)

$

0.39

 

 

$

122.74

 

$

(232.74

)

$

10.13

 

$

(54.68

)

Other Financial Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

$

119,602

 

$

23,644

 

 

$

61,997

 

$

213,383

 

$

351,544

 

$

237,588

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(125,964

)

(23,346

)

 

(133,307

)

(294,556

)

(404,264

)

(1,204,332

)

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

 

(1,978

)

 

 

66,757

 

150,709

 

31,114

 

981,029

 

Adjusted EBITDA(5)

 

125,166

 

26,766

 

 

93,465

 

315,340

 

474,098

 

330,759

 


(1)                                 The year ended December 31, 2015 reflects the Dequincy Divestiture, which closed on April 21, 2015. For a discussion of significant divestitures, see “—Note 8. Acquisition and Divestitures of Oil and Gas Properties” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(2)                                 The year ended December 31, 2014 reflects the sale of all ownership interest in developed and undeveloped acreage in the Pine Prairie field area of Evangeline Parish, Louisiana (“Pine Prairie Disposition”), which closed on May 1, 2014.

(3)                                 The year ended December 31, 2013 reflects the Anadarko Basin Acquisition, which closed on May 31, 2013.

(4)                                 The years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 include the effect of an undeclared Series A Preferred Stock dividend of $0.9 million, $10.4 million and $15.6 million, respectively, which was paid in shares upon the mandatory conversion of the Preferred Stock into common shares on September 30, 2015. See “—Note 11. Preferred Stock” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(5)measure Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a definitionand provide our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to our net income (loss) and net cash provided byflow from operating activities, see “Non GAAP Financial Measuresour most directly comparable financial measure calculated and Reconciliations” below.

Presented below is our historical financial data as of the dates indicated. The historical balance sheet data as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto includedpresented in Item 15 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The historical balance sheet data as of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are derived from our audited financial statements not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

December 31,

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

2017

 

2016

 

 

2015(1)

 

2014(2)

 

2013(3)

 

Balance Sheet Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

68,498

 

$

76,838

 

 

$

81,093

 

$

11,557

 

$

33,163

 

Net property and equipment

 

574,462

 

631,595

 

 

523,869

 

2,123,116

 

2,094,894

 

Total assets

 

688,128

 

760,939

 

 

679,167

 

2,447,175

 

2,308,637

 

Total debt, including debt classified as current (4)

 

128,059

 

128,059

 

 

1,890,944

 

1,706,532

 

1,667,680

 

Stockholders’ equity (deficit)

 

485,587

 

561,814

 

 

(1,326,066

)

465,862

 

339,999

 

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding

 

25,119

 

25,009

 

 

7,726

 

6,644

 

6,576

 


(1)                                 The year ended December 31, 2015 reflects the Dequincy Divestiture, which closed on April 21, 2015. For a discussion of significant divestitures, see “—Note 8. Acquisition and Divestitures of Oil and Gas Properties” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(2)                                 The year ended December 31, 2014 reflects the Pine Prairie Disposition, which closed on May 1, 2014.

(3)                                 The year ended December 31, 2013 reflects the Anadarko Basin Acquisition, which closed on May 31, 2013.

(4)                                 At December 31, 2015, we were in default under our RBL. As a result, our debt was classified as current as of December 31, 2015.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations

accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure that is used by management and external users of our consolidated financial statements, such as industry analysts, investors, lenders and rating agencies.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as earnings before interest income and expense, income taxes, depreciation, depletion and amortization, property impairments, asset retirement obligation accretion, unrealized derivative gains and losses, reorganization items and non-cash share-based compensation expense. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of net income or cash flows as determined by United States generally accepted accounting principles, or US GAAP. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss):

Plus:

Interest expense, including gains or losses on interest rate derivative contracts;

Income tax expense;

DD&A;

Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets (including oil and natural gas properties);

Accretion of asset retirement obligations (“AROs”);

Loss on commodity derivative instruments;

Cash settlements received on expired commodity derivative instruments;

Losses on sale of assets and other, net;

Share-based compensation expenses;

Exploration costs;

Acquisition and divestiture related expenses;

Amortization of gain associated with terminated commodity derivatives;

Restructuring related costs;

Reorganization items, net;

Severance payments;

Bad debt expense; and

Other non-routine items that we deem appropriate.

Less:

Interest income;

Income tax benefit;

Gain on extinguishment of debt

Gain on expired commodity derivative instruments;

Cash settlements paid on expired commodity derivative instruments;

Gains on sale of assets and other, net; and

Other non-routine items that we deem appropriate.

We are required to comply with certain Adjusted EBITDA-related metrics under our Revolving Credit Facility.

58


We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful because it allows us to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and compare the results of our operations from period to period without regard to our financing methods or capital structure. We exclude items such as property and inventory impairments, asset retirement obligation accretion, unrealized derivative gains and losses and non-cash share-based compensation expense, net of amounts capitalized, from net income in arriving at Adjusted EBITDA because these amounts can vary substantially from company to company within our industry depending upon accounting methods and book values of assets, capital structures and the method by which the assets were acquired.

Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income or cash flows from operating activities as determined in accordance with US GAAP or as an indicator of our operating performance or liquidity. Certain items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant components in understanding and assessing a company’scompany's financial performance, such as a company’scompany's cost of capital and tax structure, as well as the historic costs of depreciable assets, none of which are components of Adjusted EBITDA. Our computations of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a widely followed measure of operating performance and may also be used by investors to measure our ability to meet debt service requirements.

In addition, management uses Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate actual cash flow, develop existing reserves or acquire additional oil and natural gas properties.

The following tabletables presents a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measure of Adjusted EBITDA to the US GAAP measure ofCompany’s net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA, as well as a reconciliation of cash flows from operating activities to Adjusted EBITDA, our most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, for each of the periods indicated.

Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Net income (loss)

$

(464,030

)

 

$

(35,197

)

Interest expense, net

 

20,522

 

 

 

16,855

 

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

115

 

 

 

(50

)

DD&A

 

40,268

 

 

 

55,843

 

Impairment expense

 

476,936

 

 

 

2,246

 

Accretion of AROs

 

6,206

 

 

 

5,559

 

(Gains) losses on commodity derivative instruments

 

(60,671

)

 

 

6,700

 

Cash settlements received (paid) on expired commodity derivative instruments

 

62,389

 

 

 

4,157

 

Acquisition and divestiture related expenses

 

1,092

 

 

 

17,305

 

Share-based compensation expense

 

(177

)

 

 

4,813

 

Exploration costs

 

56

 

 

 

51

 

(Gain) loss on settlement of AROs

 

250

 

 

 

403

 

Reorganization items, net

 

566

 

 

 

1,057

 

Bad debt expense

 

294

 

 

 

301

 

Severance payments

 

57

 

 

 

7,299

 

Non-cash loss on office lease

 

 

 

 

4,247

 

Non-cash inventory valuation adjustment

 

1,003

 

 

 

 

Write-off of merger related expenses

 

 

 

 

1,420

 

Secondary offering expenses

 

311

 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

$

85,187

 

 

$

93,009

 


Reconciliation of Net Cash from Operating Activities to Adjusted EBITDA

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

$

74,330

 

 

$

47,283

 

Changes in working capital

 

10,661

 

 

 

(949

)

Interest expense, net

 

20,522

 

 

 

16,855

 

Gain (loss) on interest rate swaps

 

(4,044

)

 

 

224

 

Cash settlements paid (received) on interest rate derivative instruments

 

1,254

 

 

 

(187

)

Cash settlements received on terminated commodity derivatives

 

(17,977

)

 

 

 

Amortization and extinguishment of deferred financing fees

 

(3,272

)

 

 

(1,174

)

Acquisition and divestiture related expenses

 

1,092

 

 

 

17,305

 

Income tax expense (benefit) - current portion

 

115

 

 

 

(50

)

Exploration costs

 

56

 

 

 

51

 

Plugging and abandonment cost

 

577

 

 

 

662

 

Reorganization items, net

 

566

 

 

 

1,057

 

Severance payments

 

57

 

 

 

7,299

 

Non-cash loss on office lease

 

 

 

 

4,247

 

Non-cash inventory valuation adjustment

 

1,003

 

 

 

 

Other

 

247

 

 

 

386

 

Adjusted EBITDA

$

85,187

 

 

$

93,009

 

Liquidity and netCapital Resources

Overview. Our ability to finance our operations, including funding capital expenditures and acquisitions, to meet our indebtedness obligations, to refinance our indebtedness or to meet our collateral requirements will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. Our primary sources of liquidity and capital resources have historically been cash flows generated by operating activities, borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility, and equity and debt capital markets. As we pursue reserve and production growth, we plan to monitor which capital resources, including equity and debt financings, are available to us to meet our future financial obligations, planned capital expenditure activities and liquidity requirements. Based on our current oil and natural gas price expectations, we believe our cash flows provided by operating activities respectively (in thousands).

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

December 31,

 

For the Period 
October 21, 2016 
Through

 

 

For the Period 
January 1, 2016 
Through October 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

 2017

 

 December 31, 2016

 

 

20, 2016

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

Adjusted EBITDA reconciliation to net income (loss):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(85,077

)

$

9,930

 

 

$

1,323,079

 

$

(1,797,195

)

$

116,929

 

$

(343,985

)

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

65,832

 

12,974

 

 

62,302

 

198,643

 

269,935

 

250,396

 

Impairment in carrying value of oil and gas properties

 

125,300

 

 

 

232,108

 

1,625,776

 

86,471

 

453,310

 

Loss on sale/impairment of field equipment inventory

 

 

 

 

 

1,997

 

4,056

 

615

 

(Gains) losses on commodity derivative contracts—net

 

(3,659

)

 

 

 

(40,960

)

(139,189

)

44,284

 

Net cash received (paid) for commodity derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments

 

6,891

 

 

 

 

167,669

 

(18,332

)

(17,585

)

Reorganization items, net

 

 

 

 

(1,594,281

)

 

 

 

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

 

 

 

 

(9,641

)

6,395

 

(146,529

)

Interest income

 

(9

)

 

 

(81

)

(115

)

(39

)

(33

)

Interest expense—net of amounts capitalized (Predecessor Period excludes interest expense of $89.5 million on senior and secured notes)

 

5,592

 

743

 

 

66,360

 

163,148

 

137,548

 

83,138

 

Asset retirement obligation accretion

 

1,100

 

210

 

 

1,414

 

1,610

 

1,706

 

1,435

 

Share-based compensation, net of amounts capitalized

 

9,196

 

2,909

 

 

2,564

 

4,408

 

8,618

 

5,713

 

Adjusted EBITDA

 

$

125,166

 

$

26,766

 

 

$

93,465

 

$

315,340

 

$

474,098

 

$

330,759

 

ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis ofavailability under our Revolving Credit Facility will provide us with the financial conditionflexibility necessary to meet our cash requirements, including normal operating needs, and results of operations should be read in conjunction withto pursue our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following discussion contains “forward-looking statements” thatcurrently planned 2021 development activities. However, future cash flows are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections about our business and operations, and involves risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed in such forward-looking statements as a result ofsubject to a number of factors,variables, including those we discuss under “Risk Factors,” “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview

We are an independent exploration and production company focused on the application of modern drilling and completion techniques in oil and liquids-rich basins in the onshore United States. Our operations are primarily focused on exploration and production activities in the Mississippian Lime and Anadarko Basin.

As of December 31, 2017, our properties consisted of approximately 190,400 net acres of leasehold, with 843 gross productive wells, 71% of which we operate, and in which we held an average working interest of approximately 86%. As of December 31, 2017, our estimated net proved reserves were 108,947 MMBoe, of which 52% was oil or NGLs and 59% was proved developed. During the year ended December 31, 2017, our properties had aggregate net daily production of approximately 22,148 Boe/d.

As discussed in “—Note 3. Fresh Start Accounting” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, upon our emergence from the Chapter 11 cases on October 21, 2016, we adopted fresh start accounting as required by US GAAP. As a result of the application of fresh start accounting, as well as the effects of the implementation of the Plan, our consolidated financial statements on or after October 21, 2016, are not comparable with our consolidated financial statements prior to that date. References to “Successor Period” relate to the financial position and results of operations for the period October 21, 2016 through December 31, 2016 and references to “Predecessor Period” refer to the financial position and results of operations of the Company from January 1, 2016 through October 20, 2016.

Recent Developments

Appointment of David J. Sambrooks as President and Chief Executive Officer

On November 1, 2017, David J. Sambrooks was appointed to the position of President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), effective immediately upon the resignation of the former President and CEO, Frederic Brace. The Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) also approved an increase in the number of directors, from seven directors to eight directors, and Mr. Sambrooks was appointed to the Board, effective concurrently with his appointment as President and CEO.

Emergence from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy

On the Petition Date, we filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court. Our Chapter 11 cases were jointly administered under the case styled In re Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., et al., Case No. 16-32237.

On September 28, 2016, the Bankruptcy Court entered the Confirmation Order, which approved and confirmed the Plan. On the Effective Date, we satisfied the conditions to effectiveness set forth in the Confirmation Order and in the Plan, and the Plan therefore became effective in accordance with its terms and we emerged from bankruptcy. Further information is set forth in “—Note 2. Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11 Proceedings” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Fresh Start Accounting

Upon our emergence on the Effective Date, we adopted fresh start accounting as required by US GAAP. We qualified for fresh start accounting because (i) the holders of existing voting shares of the pre-emergence debtor-in-possession received less than 50% of the voting shares of the post-emergence successor entity and (ii) the reorganization valuelevel of our assets immediately prior to confirmation was less than the post-petition liabilities and allowed claims.

As discussed in “—Note 3. Fresh Start Accounting” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we applied fresh start accounting as of October 21, 2016. Adopting fresh start accounting results in a new reporting entity for financial reporting purposes with no beginning retained earnings or deficit. The cancellation of all existing shares outstanding on the Effective Date and issuance of new shares in the reorganized Company caused a related change of control under US GAAP.

As a result of the application of fresh start accounting, as well as the effects of the implementation of the Plan, our consolidated financial statements on or after October 21, 2016, are not comparable with our consolidated financial statements prior to that date.

Stock Listing

Our common stock was listed on the NYSE on April 25, 2012 through February 3, 2016 under the symbol “MPO”. On February 3, 2016, our stock was delisted by the NYSE and began trading on the OTC Pink market under the symbol “MPOY” through October 21, 2016. On October 21, 2016, in connection with our emergence from Chapter 11, our existing common shares traded under the symbol MPOY were cancelled. On October 24, 2016, our newly issued shares of common stock in the reorganized equity were listed and began trading on the NYSE MKT under the symbol “MPO”. On May 4, 2017, our common stock began trading on the NYSE under the symbol “MPO”.

Results of Operations

Oil, NGLs and Natural Gas Revenue

Oil, NGLs and Natural Gas

Our revenues are derived from the sale of oil and natural gas production as well as the sale of NGLs that are extracted from our high Btu content natural gas. Our oil and natural gas revenues do not include the effects of derivatives and may vary significantly from period to period as a result of changes in production volumes or commodity prices. Prices for oil, NGLs and natural gas fluctuate widely and affect:

·                  the amount of our cash flows available for capital expenditures;

·                  our ability to borrow and raise additional capital;

·                  the quantity of oil, NGLs and natural gas we can economically produce; and

·                  our revenues and profitability.

Average market prices for oil and NGLs have historically experienced significant volatility. For a description of factors that may impact future commodity prices, please read “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Oil and Natural Gas Industry and our Business”.

Beginning January 1, 2018, Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09 becomes effective for us. See “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” below as well as “Recent Accounting Pronouncements” in “—Note 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for year ended December 31, 2017 for further discussion of anticipated updates to our revenues under FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606.

The following table sets forth information regarding our oil, NGLs and natural gas revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

 

 

Crude Oil

 

Natural Gas

 

NGLs

 

Total

 

Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015

 

$

217,636

 

$

66,823

 

$

38,249

 

$

322,708

 

Changes due to volumes

 

(69,486

)

(10,827

)

(7,708

)

(88,021

)

Changes due to price

 

(35,522

)

(7,678

)

(3,068

)

(46,268

)

Revenues for the Predecessor Period (October 20, 2016)

 

$

112,628

 

$

48,318

 

$

27,473

 

$

188,419

 

Changes due to volumes

 

(113,672

)

(50,479

)

(29,379

)

(193,530

)

Changes due to price

 

26,593

 

15,796

 

10,297

 

52,686

 

Revenues for the Successor Period (December 31, 2016)

 

$

25,549

 

$

13,635

 

$

8,391

 

$

47,575

 

Changes due to volumes

 

90,180

 

46,666

 

34,395

 

171,241

 

Changes due to price

 

1,354

 

(593

)

1,326

 

2,087

 

Revenues for the Successor Period (December 31, 2017)

 

$

117,083

 

$

59,708

 

$

44,112

 

$

220,903

 

Oil, NGLs and Natural Gas Pricing

The following table sets forth information regarding average realized sales prices we receive for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015:

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

 

 

For the Period
October 21,
2016

 

 

For the Period
January 1,
2016

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,
2017

 

Through
December 31,
2016

 

 

Through
October 20,
2016

 

Year Ended
December 31,
2015

 

AVERAGE SALES PRICES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil, without realized derivatives (per Bbl)

 

$

49.45

 

$

46.96

 

 

$

37.99

 

$

45.40

 

Oil, with realized derivatives (per Bbl)

 

$

50.92

 

$

46.96

 

 

$

37.99

 

$

74.74

 

Natural gas liquids, without realized derivatives (per Bbl)

 

$

22.64

 

$

19.55

 

 

$

14.22

 

$

15.46

 

Natural gas liquids, with realized derivatives (per Bbl)

 

$

22.64

 

$

19.55

 

 

$

14.22

 

$

15.46

 

Natural gas, without realized derivatives (per Mcf)

 

$

2.64

 

$

2.76

 

 

$

2.08

 

$

2.35

 

Natural gas, with realized derivatives (per Mcf)

 

$

2.79

 

$

2.76

 

 

$

2.08

 

$

3.30

 

Crude Oil Prices

The majority of our crude oil production is sold at prevailing market prices with an adjustment for transportation and quality. The market pricing for oil fluctuates in response to many factors that are outside of our control such as supply and demand fluctuations, pipeline and refinery outages, weather patterns and global events and economics.

We currently utilize fixed price swaps, collars and three-way collars to manage the impact of changing crude prices. We did not have any open commodity derivative contract positions at December 31, 2016 or 2015.

As of December 31, 2017, we had the following oil derivative contracts that extend through December 2019, which are summarized as follows:

 

 

NYMEX WTI

 

 

 

Fixed Swaps

 

Collars

 

Three-Way Collars

 

 

 

Hedge
Position
(Bbls)

 

Weighted
Avg
Strike
Price

 

Hedge
Position
(Bbls)

 

Weighted
Avg
Ceiling
Price

 

Weighted
Avg Floor
Price

 

Hedge
Position
(Bbls)

 

Weighted
Avg
Ceiling
Price

 

Weighted
Avg Floor
Price

 

Weighted
Avg
Sub-Floor
Price

 

Quarter Ended:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2017(1)(2)

 

276,000

 

$

53.58

 

46,000

 

$

60.00

 

$

50.00

 

115,000

 

$

62.80

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

March 31, 2018(1)

 

99,000

 

$

50.61

 

 

$

 

$

 

225,000

 

$

62.14

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

June 30, 2018(1)

 

145,600

 

$

51.22

 

 

$

 

$

 

182,000

 

$

60.65

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

September 30, 2018(1)

 

92,000

 

$

50.38

 

 

$

 

$

 

184,000

 

$

59.93

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

December 31, 2018(1)

 

92,000

 

$

50.38

 

 

$

 

$

 

46,000

 

$

56.70

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

March 31, 2019(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

45,000

 

$

56.20

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

June 30, 2019(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

45,500

 

$

56.20

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

September 30, 2019(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

46,000

 

$

56.20

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

December 31, 2019(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

46,000

 

$

56.20

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 


(1)          Positions shown represent open commodity derivative contract positions as of December 31, 2017.

(2)          During the second quarter of 2017, the Company entered into long call oil trades to offset its three-way collar short calls for the second half of 2017.

NGLs Prices

Our NGL production is sold under contracts with prices at market indices less the costs for transportation and fractionation. The market price of our NGL production, which primarily consists of ethane, propane, butane, iso-butane and natural gasoline, can be impacted by local market conditions, such as fractionation availability, and business conditions of the end users of such NGL products, such as chemical companies, plastic manufacturers and propane dealers.

We do not currently utilize any derivatives to manage the impact of changing NGLs pricing due to limited forward price information and minimal trading volume of such instruments.

Natural Gas Prices

Natural gas prices are subject to variances based on local supply and demand conditions as well as rapidly evolving market conditions. Our current natural gas sales contracts are based upon index pricing that varies widely as a result of many factors, such as geography and supply and demand. Our natural gas is sold on a monthly weighted average sales price utilizing a combination of first of month index and daily index pricing for a given period.

We currently utilize fixed price swaps, collars and three-way collars to manage the impact of changing natural gas prices. We did not have any open commodity derivative contract positions at December 31, 2016 or 2015.

As of December 31, 2017, we had the following natural gas derivative contracts that extend through March 2019, which are summarized as follows:

 

 

NYMEX HENRY HUB

 

 

 

Fixed Swaps

 

Collars

 

Three-Way Collars

 

 

 

Hedge
Position
(MMBtu)

 

Weighted
Avg Strike
Price

 

Hedge
Position
(MMBtu)

 

Weighted
Avg
Ceiling
Price

 

Weighted
Avg Floor
Price

 

Hedge

Position
(MMBtu)

 

Weighted
Avg
Ceiling
Price

 

Weighted
Avg
Floor
Price

 

Weighted
Avg
Sub-Floor
Price

 

Quarter Ended:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2017(1)

 

1,907,000

 

$

3.43

 

551,000

 

$

3.84

 

$

3.23

 

610,000

 

$

4.30

 

$

3.25

 

$

2.50

 

March 31, 2018(1)(2)

 

1,350,000

 

$

3.47

 

 

$

 

$

 

1,530,000

 

$

4.38

 

$

3.25

 

$

2.50

 

June 30, 2018(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

1,365,000

 

$

3.40

 

$

3.00

 

$

2.50

 

September 30, 2018(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

1,380,000

 

$

3.40

 

$

3.00

 

$

2.50

 

December 31, 2018(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

1,380,000

 

$

3.40

 

$

3.00

 

$

2.50

 

March 31, 2019(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

1,350,000

 

$

3.40

 

$

3.00

 

$

2.50

 


(1)          Positions shown represent open commodity derivative contract positions as of December 31, 2017.

(2)          During the second quarter, the Company entered into natural gas three-way collars with long call ceilings in order to offset its Q1 2018 natural gas fixed swaps.

Oil Revenues

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our oil sales revenues were $117.1 million. Our oil revenue was comprised of $92.9 million from our Mississippian Lime assets and $24.2 million from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our oil sales revenues were $25.5 million. Our oil revenue was comprised of $20.5 million from our Mississippian Lime assets and $5.0 million from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our oil sales revenues were $112.6 million. Our oil revenue was comprised of $91.5 million from our Mississippian Lime assets and $21.1 million from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our oil sales revenues were $217.6 million. Our oil revenue was comprised of $169.2 million from our Mississippian Lime assets, $43.7 million was from our Anadarko Basin assets and $4.7 million was from our Gulf Coast assets.

NGLs Revenues

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our NGLs sales revenues were $44.1 million. Our NGLs revenue was comprised of $35.3 million from our Mississippian Lime assets and $8.8 million from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our NGLs sales revenues were $8.4 million. Our NGLs revenue was comprised of $6.8 million from our Mississippian Lime assets and $1.6 million from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our NGLs sales revenues were $27.5 million. Our NGLs revenue was comprised of $22.5 million from our Mississippian Lime assets and $5.0 million from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our NGLs sales revenues were $38.2 million. Our NGLs revenue was comprised of $30.7 million from our Mississippian Lime assets, $7.0 million from our Anadarko Basin assets and $0.5 million from our Gulf Coast assets.

Natural Gas Revenues

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our natural gas sales revenues were $59.7 million. Our natural gas revenue was comprised of $51.6 million from our Mississippian Lime assets and $8.1 million from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our natural gas sales revenues were $13.6 million. Our natural gas revenue was comprised of $11.8 million from our Mississippian Lime assets and $1.8 million from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our natural gas sales revenues were $48.3 million. Our natural gas revenue was comprised of $42.6 million from our Mississippian Lime assets and $5.7 million from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our natural gas sales revenue were $66.8 million. Our natural gas revenue was comprised of $56.5 million from our Mississippian Lime assets, $10.1 million from our Anadarko Basin assets and $0.2 million from our Gulf Coast assets.

Gains/Losses on Commodity Derivative Contracts—Net

We currently utilize commodity derivatives to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in the prices of oil and natural gas. Accordingly, our income statements reflect (i) the recognition of unrealized gains and losses associated with our open derivative contracts as commodity prices change and commodity derivatives contracts expire or new ones are entered into, and (ii) our realized gains or losses on the settlement of these commodity derivative contracts. Unrealized gains and losses result from changes in market valuations of derivatives as future commodity price expectations change compared to the contract prices on the derivatives. If the expected future commodity prices increase compared to the contract prices on the derivatives, unrealized losses are recognized. Conversely, if the expected future commodity prices decrease compared to the contract prices on the derivatives, unrealized gains are recognized. Since we have elected not to apply hedge accounting to our derivatives, we reflect the unrealized and realized gains and losses in our current income statement periods based on the mark-to-market (“MTM”) value at the end of each month. Cash flows associated with derivative financial instruments are reflected in cash flows from operations in our consolidated statement of cash flows. We had open derivative contracts at December 31, 2017 that extend through December 2019. We did not have any open commodity derivative contract positions at December 31, 2016 or 2015.

The following table sets forth the components of our realized gain on commodity derivative contracts, net in our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For the Period
October 21,2016

 

 

For the Period
January 1, 2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

 

Through
December 31, 2016

 

 

Through
October 20, 2016

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2015

 

 

 

Realized
Gain

 

Average
Sales Price

 

Realized
Gain

 

 

Realized
Gain

 

Realized
Gain

 

Average
Sales Price

 

Oil commodity contracts

 

$

3,490

 

$

50.92

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

140,656

 

$

74.74

 

Natural gas liquids commodity contracts

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Natural gas commodity contracts

 

3,401

 

2.79

 

 

 

 

27,013

 

3.30

 

Total cash receipts

 

$

6,891

 

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

167,669

 

 

 

Cash settlements, as presented in the table above, represent realized gains/losses related to our derivative instruments. In addition to cash settlements, we also recognize fair value changes on our derivative instruments in each reporting period. The changes in fair value result from new positions and settlements that may occur during each reporting period, as well as the relationships between contract prices and the associated forward curves.

Other Revenues

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, other revenues were $4.2 million. Other revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017 was primarily comprised of fees charged to outside working interest owners for salt water disposal as well as payments received from a customer for the extraction of iodine from our salt water.

Successor Period

For the Successor period, other revenues were $1.0 million. Other revenue for the Successor Period was primarily comprised of fees charged to outside working interest owners for salt water disposal.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, other revenues were $4.8 million. Other revenue for the Predecessor Period was primarily comprised of fees charged to outside working interest owners for salt water disposal.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, other revenues were $1.5 million. Other revenue was primarily comprised of payments received from a third party for the extraction of iodine from our produced salt water.

Oil, NGLs and Natural Gas Production

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

 

 

For the Period
October 21, 2016

 

 

For the Period

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,
2017

 

Through
December 31,
2016

 

 

January 1, 2016
Through
October 20, 2016

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2015

 

PRODUCTION DATA:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil (Bbls/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mississippian Lime

 

5,108

 

6,048

 

 

8,156

 

10,194

 

Anadarko Basin

 

1,379

 

1,508

 

 

1,927

 

2,680

 

Gulf Coast

 

 

 

 

 

260

 

Natural gas liquids (Bbls/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mississippian Lime

 

4,273

 

4,843

 

 

5,326

 

5,307

 

Anadarko Basin

 

1,066

 

1,118

 

 

1,247

 

1,388

 

Gulf Coast

 

 

 

 

 

81

 

Natural gas (Mcf/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mississippian Lime

 

52,797

 

58,816

 

 

68,107

 

64,688

 

Anadarko Basin

 

9,135

 

9,903

 

 

10,856

 

12,921

 

Gulf Coast

 

 

 

 

 

208

 

Combined (Boe/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mississippian Lime

 

18,181

 

20,694

 

 

24,833

 

26,282

 

Anadarko Basin

 

3,967

 

4,277

 

 

4,983

 

6,222

 

Gulf Coast

 

 

 

 

 

376

 

Crude Oil Production

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our oil volumes sold averaged 6,487 Bbls/d, comprised of 5,108 Bbls/d from our Mississippian Lime assets and 1,379 Bbls/d from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our oil volumes sold averaged 7,556 Bbls/d, comprised of 6,048 Bbls/d from our Mississippian Lime assets and 1,508 Bbls/d from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our oil volumes sold averaged 10,083 Bbls/d, comprised of 8,156 Bbls/d from our Mississippian Lime assets and 1,927 Bbls/d from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our oil volumes sold averaged 13,134 Bbls/d, comprised of 10,194 Bbls/d from our Mississippian Lime assets, 2,680 Bbls/d from our Anadarko Basin assets and 260 Bbls/d from our Gulf Coast assets.

NGLs Production

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our NGLs volumes sold averaged 5,339 Bbls/d, comprised of 4,273 Bbls/d from our Mississippian Lime assets and 1,066 Bbls/d from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our NGLs volumes sold averaged 5,961 Bbls/d, comprised of 4,843 Bbls/d from our Mississippian Lime assets and 1,118 Bbls/d from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our NGLs volumes sold averaged 6,573 Bbls/d, comprised of 5,326 Bbls/d from our Mississippian Lime assets and 1,247 Bbls/d from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our NGLs volumes sold averaged 6,776 Bbls/d, comprised of 5,307 Bbls/d from our Mississippian Lime assets, 1,388 Bbls/d from our Anadarko Basin assets and 81 Bbls/d from our Gulf Coast assets.

Natural Gas Production

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our natural gas volumes sold averaged 61,932 Mcf/d, comprised of 52,797 Mcf/d from our Mississippian Lime assets and 9,135 Mcf/d from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our natural gas volumes sold averaged 68,719 Mcf/d, comprised of 58,816 Mcf/d from our Mississippian Lime assets and 9,903 Mcf/d from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our natural gas volumes sold averaged 78,963 Mcf/d, comprised of 68,107 Mcf/d from our Mississippian Lime operations and 10,856 Mcf/d from our Anadarko Basin assets.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our natural gas volumes sold averaged 77,817 Mcf/d, comprised of 64,688 Mcf/d from our Mississippian Lime assets, 12,921 Mcf/d from our Anadarko Basin assets and 208 Mcf/d from our Gulf Coast assets.

Expenses

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

 

 

For the
Period
October 21,
2016

 

 

For the
Period
January 1,
2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

For the
Period
October
21, 2016

 

 

For the
Period
January
1, 2016

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,
2017

 

Through
December
31, 2016

 

 

Through
October
20, 2016

 

Year Ended
December 31,
2015

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,
2017

 

Through
December
31, 2016

 

 

Through
October
20, 2016

 

Year Ended
December 31,
2015

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

(per Boe)

 

 

(per Boe)

 

EXPENSES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lease operating and workover

 

$

63,287

 

$

15,324

 

 

$

52,803

 

$

81,473

 

 

$

7.83

 

$

8.52

 

 

$

6.02

 

$

6.79

 

Gathering and transportation

 

14,507

 

3,194

 

 

14,362

 

15,546

 

 

1.79

 

1.78

 

 

1.64

 

1.30

 

Severance and other taxes

 

8,869

 

1,286

 

 

5,210

 

8,605

 

 

1.10

 

0.72

 

 

0.59

 

0.72

 

Asset retirement accretion

 

1,100

 

210

 

 

1,414

 

1,610

 

 

0.14

 

0.12

 

 

0.16

 

0.13

 

Depreciation, depletion, and amortization

 

65,832

 

12,974

 

 

62,302

 

198,643

 

 

8.14

 

7.22

 

 

7.11

 

16.55

 

Impairment of oil and gas properties

 

125,300

 

 

 

232,108

 

1,625,776

 

 

15.50

 

 

 

26.48

 

135.47

 

General and administrative

 

29,352

 

4,864

 

 

22,362

 

38,703

 

 

3.63

 

2.71

 

 

2.55

 

3.22

 

Acquisition and transaction costs

 

 

 

 

 

330

 

 

 

 

 

 

0.03

 

Debt restructuring costs and advisory fees

 

 

 

 

7,590

 

36,141

 

 

 

 

 

0.87

 

3.01

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

2,121

 

 

 

 

 

 

0.18

 

Total expenses

 

$

308,247

 

$

37,852

 

 

$

398,151

 

$

2,008,948

 

 

$

38.13

 

$

21.07

 

 

$

45.42

 

$

167.40

 

Lease Operating and Workover

Lease operating expenses represent costs incurred to bring oil and gas out of the ground and to the market, together with the daily costs incurred to maintain our producing properties. Such costs also include natural gas treating expenses and the handling and disposal of produced water as well as maintenance and repair expenses related to our oil and gas properties. Lease operating expenses include both a portion of costs that are fixed in nature, such as infrastructure costs and compressor rental costs, as well as variable costs resulting from additional wells and production, such as chemicals and electricity. As production increases, our average lease operating expense per barrel of oil equivalent is typically reduced because fixed costs do not increase proportionately with production. Workover expense includes major remedial operations on a completed well to restore, maintain, or improve a well’s production and is closely correlated to the levels of workover activity. Because workover projects are pursued on an as needed basis and are not regularly scheduled, workover expense is not necessarily comparable from period to period.

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our lease operating and workover expenses were $63.3 million at a cost of $7.83 per Boe. As discussed in “— Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, lease operating and workover expenses were positively impacted during the year ended December 31, 2017 by a $1.9 million reimbursement received for an insurance claim.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our lease operating and workover expenses were $15.3 million at a cost of $8.52 per Boe. Lease operating and workover expenses for the Successor Period were impacted by weather disruptions, which lowered production and increased costs during the period.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our lease operating and workover expenses were $52.8 million at a cost of $6.02 per Boe.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our lease operating and workover expenses were $81.5 million at a cost of $6.79 per Boe.

Gathering and Transportation

Gathering and transportation costs are incurred for the movement of natural gas to the contractual delivery point. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015, these costs relate to the amended gas transportation, gathering and processing contract which commenced during the third quarter of 2013 in our Mississippian Lime assets.

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our gathering and transportation expenses were $14.5 million at a cost of $1.79 per Boe.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our gathering and transportation expenses were $3.2 million at a cost of $1.78 per Boe.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our gathering and transportation expenses were $14.4 million at a cost of $1.64 per Boe.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our gathering and transportation expenses were $15.5 million at a cost of $1.30 per Boe.

Severance and Other Taxes

Severance taxes are paid on produced oil and gas based on a percentage of revenues from products sold at market prices or at fixed rates established by federal, state, or local taxing authorities. We attempt to take full advantage of all credits and exemptions in our various taxing jurisdictions. In general, the severance taxes we pay correlate to the changes in oil and gas revenues. Ad valorem taxes are property taxes assessed based on the assessed value of property and are also included in this expense category.

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

 

 

For the Period
October 21, 2016

 

 

For the Period
January 1, 2016

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

 

Through
December 31, 2016

 

 

Through
October 20, 2016

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2015

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Total oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids sales

 

$

220,903

 

$

47,575

 

 

$

188,419

 

$

322,708

 

Severance taxes

 

8,314

 

1,093

 

 

4,058

 

5,754

 

Ad valorem and other taxes

 

555

 

193

 

 

1,152

 

2,851

 

Severance and other taxes

 

$

8,869

 

$

1,286

 

 

$

5,210

 

$

8,605

 

Severance taxes as a percentage of sales

 

3.8

%

2.3

%

 

2.2

%

1.8

%

Severance and other taxes as a percentage of sales

 

4.0

%

2.7

%

 

2.8

%

2.7

%

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our severance and other tax expenses were $8.9 million or 4.0% of sales. Severance tax was $8.3 million or 3.8% of sales during the year ended December 31, 2017.

Prior to July 1, 2017, the State of Oklahoma had a crude oil and natural gas production, tax incentive for wellsand significant additional capital expenditures will be required to more fully develop our properties. We cannot assure you that commenced production between July 1, 2011 and July 1, 2015, which allowed for a 1.0% production tax rate for the first 48 months of production. In May 2017, new legislation was signed into law in Oklahoma that increased the incentive tax rate from 1.0% to 4.0% on those wells. After the 48-month incentive period ends, the tax rate on such wells increases to 7.0%. The new 4.0% tax rate on these wells went into effect on July 1, 2017 and caused our average production tax rate to trend higher in 2017 compared to 2016 and 2015. Additionally, in November 2017, new legislation was signed into law in Oklahoma that increased the 4% tax rate to 7% effective with December 2017 production.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our severanceoperations and other tax expenses were $1.3 millionneeded capital will be available on acceptable terms, or 2.7%at all. We anticipate funding our 2021 capital program from internally generated cash flow. Borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and/or debt or equity financings may provide incremental financial flexibility.

Capital Markets. We do not currently anticipate any near-term capital markets activity, but we will continue to evaluate the availability of sales. Severance tax was $1.1 millionpublic debt and equity for funding potential future growth projects and acquisition activity.

Hedging. Commodity hedging has been and remains an important part of our strategy to reduce cash flow volatility. Our hedging activities are intended to support oil, NGL and natural gas prices at targeted levels and to manage our exposure to commodity price fluctuations. We intend to enter into commodity derivative contracts at times and on terms desired to maintain a portfolio of commodity derivative contracts covering at least 30% - 60% of our estimated production from total proved developed producing reserves over a one-to-three-year period at any given point of time. Additionally, to satisfy the hedging covenants in our Revolving Credit Facility, we are expected to hedge 65% and 45% of our estimated production from total proved developed reserves for calendar years 2021 and 2022, respectively. We may, however, from time to time, hedge more or 2.3%less than this approximate amount. Additionally, we may take advantage of sales duringopportunities to modify our commodity derivative portfolio to change the Successor Period.percentage of our hedged production volumes when circumstances suggest that it is prudent to do so. The current market conditions may also impact our ability to enter into future commodity derivative contracts.

Predecessor Period

ForWe evaluate counterparty risks related to our commodity derivative contracts and trade credit. Should any of these financial counterparties not perform, we may not realize the Predecessor Period,benefit of some of our severance and other tax expenses were $5.2 million or 2.8% of sales. Severance tax was $4.1 million or 2.2% of sales during the Predecessor Period.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015,hedges under lower commodity prices. We sell our severance and other tax expenses were $8.6 million or 2.7% of sales. Severance tax was $5.8 million or 1.8% of sales during the year ended December 31, 2015.

Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization (“DD&A”)

Under the full cost accounting method, we capitalize costs within a cost center and systematically expense those costs on a unit of production basis based on proved oil and natural gas reserve quantities. We calculate depletion on the following types of costs: (i) all capitalized costs, other than the cost of investments in unproved properties which remain to be evaluated, less accumulated amortization; (ii) estimated future expenditures to be incurred in developing proved reserves; and (iii) estimated dismantlement and abandonment costs, net of any associated salvage value.

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our DD&A expenses were $65.8 million at a cost of $8.14 per Boe.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our DD&A expenses were $13.0 million at a cost of $7.22 per Boe.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our DD&A expenses were $62.3 million at a cost of $7.11 per Boe.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our DD&A expenses were $198.6 million at a cost of $16.55 per Boe.

Impairment of Oil and Gas Properties

Under the full cost method of accounting, we are required to perform a full-cost ceiling test on a quarterly basis. The test establishes a limit (ceiling) on the book value of oil and gas properties. The capitalized costs of proved oil and gas properties, net of accumulated DD&A and the related deferred income taxes, may not exceed this “ceiling.” The ceiling limitation is equal to the sum of: (i) the present value of estimated future net revenues from the projected production of proved oil and gas reserves, excluding future cash outflows associated with settling asset retirement obligations accrued on the balance sheet, calculated using the average oil and natural gas sales price we received as of the first trading day of each month over the preceding twelve months (such average price is held constant throughout the life of the properties) and a discount factor of 10%; (ii) the cost of unproved and unevaluated properties excluded from the costs being amortized; (iii) the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproved properties included in the costs being amortized; and (iv) related income tax effects. If capitalized costs exceed this ceiling, the excess is charged to impairment expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Year Ended December 31, 2017

On November 1, 2017, David Sambrooks was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Upon David’s appointment, we began a strategic review of all areas of operations. This review was completed during the fourth quarter of 2017 and our strategy was refined to add further focus to optimizing free cash flows and keeping leverage to a minimum. Asvariety of purchasers. Non-performance by a customer could also result in December of 2017 we decreased our current drilling activity from two drilling rigs to one drilling rig. Further, the five-year development plan was revised from a two-rig program to a one rig program. This change in strategy (reduced 5-year drilling activity) led to a reduction in our undeveloped proved inventory under SEC guidelines from 274 locations at year end 2016 to 139 locations at year end 2017. In addition, at year end 2017 our proved undeveloped type curve was revised downward by our third-party reserves engineering firm and capital costs assumptions were revised upward,

both as a result of recent drilling results. The revised type curve still generates attractive capital returns of 30.6% IRR at year-end 2017 SEC pricing, and 39.1% IRR at December 31, 2017 strip pricing. As a result of our focus on optimizing free cash flow, keeping leverage to a minimum and optimizing drilling returns, all proved undeveloped reserves included in the December 31, 2017 reserve report are focused on infill drilling in the Carmen and Dacoma areas. All undeveloped locations not able to be drilled utilizing our anticipated five-year development schedule were excluded from the December 31, 2017 reserve report but continue to meet the definition of a proved undeveloped location from an engineering standpoint. We recorded an impairment of oil and gas properties of $125.3 million primarily as a result of the exclusion of proved undeveloped reserves not associated with infill drilling in the Carmen and Dacoma areas from our December 31, 2017 reserve report.losses.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, we did not incur any impairments of oil and gas properties.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our impairment of oil and gas properties was $232.1 million. The impairment expense recognized in the Predecessor Period was primarily due to a decrease in the PV-10 value of our proven oil and natural gas reserves as a result of low commodity prices, which are a significant input into the calculation of the discounted future cash flows associated with our proved oil and gas reserves.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our impairment of oil and gas properties was $1.6 billion. The impairment expense for the 2015 period was primarily due to a decrease in the PV-10 value of our proven oil and natural gas reserves as a result of low commodity prices, which are a significant input into the calculation of the discounted future cash flows associated with our proved oil and gas reserves.

General and Administrative (“G&A”)

G&A expense consists of, among other items, overhead, including payroll and benefits for our corporate staff, non-cash charges for share-based compensation, costs of maintaining our headquarters, franchise taxes, audit and other professional fees, legal compliance, reporting expenses, investor relations, director and officer liability insurance costs, and director compensation.

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our G&A expense was $29.4 million at a cost of $3.63 per Boe. G&A for the year ended December 31, 2017 was impacted by non-cash stock based compensation expense for awards issued pursuant to the 2016 LTIP of $9.2 million, as well as trailing costs incurred related to the Chapter 11 Cases of $3.0 million.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, our G&A expense was $4.9 million at a cost of $2.71 per Boe. G&A for the Successor Period includes primarily professional fees and credits to previously incurred professional fees for reorganization type items, resulting in credit of $1.1 million, and non-cash stock-based compensation expense for awards issued pursuant to the 2016 LTIP of $2.9 million.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, our G&A expense was $22.4 million at a cost of $2.55 per Boe. G&A for the Predecessor Period includes $1.3 million of accelerated expense associated with cancelled stock compensation awards and $1.6 million in severance costs.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our G&A expense was $38.7 million at a cost of $3.22 per Boe. G&A for the year ended December 31, 2015 includes a $4.8 million reduction in employee costs due to reduced headcount in 2015, a $4.4 million increase in capitalized overhead costs and cost recoveries, as well as $0.6 million less in professional fees.

Acquisition and Transaction Costs

Acquisition and transaction costs are costs we have incurred as a result of acquisitions or as a result of asset disposition transactions and include finders’ fees, advisory, legal, accounting, valuation and other professional and consulting fees and other acquisition or disposition related general and administrative costs. Acquisition and transaction related costs are expensed as incurred and as services are received.

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we did not incur any acquisition and transaction costs.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, we did not incur any acquisition and transaction costs.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, we did not incur any acquisition and transaction costs.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our acquisition and transaction costs were $0.3 million at a cost of $0.03 per Boe. Acquisition and transaction costs related to our expenses incurred with the Dequincy Divestiture.

Debt Restructuring Costs and Advisory Fees

Debt restructuring costs and advisory fees include costs incurred for legal, financing and advisor costs associated with specific transactions, such as troubled debt restructuring, or costs incurred prior to the Petition Date.

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we did not incur any debt restructuring costs and advisory fees.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, we did not incur any debt restructuring costs and advisory fees.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, we incurred $7.6 million of debt restructuring costs and advisory fees related to our bankruptcy and restructuring process prior to the Petition Date.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

During the 2015 period, we engaged various advisors to assist us in analyzing options to improve our financial flexibility and provide additional long-term liquidity. For the year ended December 31, 2015, we incurred approximately $36.1 million in fees associated with these advisors as well as issuance costs associated with the Second Lien Notes offering and Third Lien Notes exchange.

Other

Other expense consists of, among other things, losses on disposal of, or market value adjustments to, field equipment inventory, penalties on early termination of drilling contracts and other miscellaneous expense items.

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we did not incur any other expenses.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, we did not incur any other expenses.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, we did not incur any other expenses.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, we incurred other expenses of $2.1 million related to the loss on disposal of, or market value adjustments to, field equipment inventory deemed no longer useful to current operations.

Other Income/Expense

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

 

 

For the Period
October 21, 2016

 

 

For the Period
January 1, 2016

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

 

Through
December 31, 2016

 

 

Through
October 20, 2016

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2015

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

(in thousands)

 

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

$

9

 

$

 

 

$

81

 

$

115

 

Interest expense

 

(7,647

)

(1,409

)

 

(70,019

)

(182,955

)

Amortization of deferred financing costs

 

(385

)

(62

)

 

(4,587

)

 

Amortization of deferred gain

 

 

 

 

8,246

 

14,948

 

Capitalized interest

 

2,440

 

728

 

 

 

4,859

 

Interest expense—net of amounts capitalized (Predecessor Period excludes interest expense of $89.5 million on senior and secured notes)

 

(5,592

)

(743

)

 

(66,360

)

(163,148

)

Reorganization items

 

 

 

 

1,594,281

 

 

Total other income (expense)

 

$

(5,583

)

$

(743

)

 

$

1,528,002

 

$

(163,033

)

Interest Expense

Prior to the Effective Date, we had substantial long-term debt in the form of our 2020 Senior Notes, 2021 Senior Notes, Second Lien Notes and Third Lien Notes. Additionally, we financed a portion of our working capital requirements andCapital Expenditures. Our total capital expenditures with borrowings under our RBL. Included within interest expense for periods prior to the Successor Period is the amortization of the related deferred financing costs, net of any amounts capitalized to unproved properties, and amortization of the deferred gain recognized on the restructuring of our debt, which occurred in the second quarter of 2015 and was being recognized as a reduction to interest expense using the effective interest method.

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we incurred $7.6 million of interest expense related to our Exit Facility which bears interest at LIBOR plus 4.50% per annum, subject to a 1.00% LIBOR floor. At December 31, 2017, the weighted average interest rate was 6.3%. We also capitalized $2.4 million of interest expense to our unevaluated oil and gas properties during the year.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, we incurred $1.4 million of interest expense related to our Exit Facility. At December 31, 2016, the weighted average interest rate was 5.50%. We also capitalized $0.7 million of interest expense to our unevaluated oil and gas properties during the period.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, we incurred $70.0 million of interest expense. During the Predecessor Period, we reclassified our Senior Notes, Second Lien Notes and Third Lien Notes to liabilities subject to compromise in connection with the Chapter 11 Cases. As such, we ceased recognizing interest expense for all debt except amounts outstanding under the RBL beginning at the Petition Date. Contractual interest not reflected in the consolidated statements of operations waswere approximately $89.5 million, which represents interest expense incurred subsequent to the Petition Date. No interest expense was capitalized during the period due to the transfer of all balances related to unevaluated property to the full cost pool at December 31, 2015.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, we incurred $183.0 million of interest expense. During the year ended December 31, 2015, we issued Second Lien Notes on May 21, 2015 and Third Lien Notes on May 21, 2015 and June 2, 2015. The Second Lien Notes bore interest at 10.0% and a portion of the proceeds were used to repay outstanding borrowings under the RBL. Additionally, the Third Lien Notes bore interest at 12.0% and were exchanged for a portion of the 2020 Senior Notes and 2021 Senior Notes, which had stated interest rates of 10.75% and 9.25%, respectively. As a result of the Third Lien Notes exchange, there was $14.9 million in amortization of the deferred gain related to the forgiven debt. For the year ended December 31, 2015, approximately $4.9 million in interest expense was capitalized to oil and gas properties.

Reorganization Items, Net

Reorganization items, net, represent the direct and incremental costs of being in bankruptcy from the Petition Date through the Effective Date, and include such items as professional fees, gains from pre-petition liability claim adjustments and losses related to terminated contracts that are probable and can be estimated.

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we did not recognize any reorganization items.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, we did not recognize any reorganization items.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, we recognized $1.6 billion of reorganization income related to our emergence from bankruptcy. Reorganization items include a $1.3 billion gain on the settlement of liabilities subject to compromise, $111.4 million of adjustments to unamortized gains on troubled debt restructuring related to the issuance of the Second Lien Notes and the Third Lien Notes, $23.4 million of adjustments to unamortized debt issuance costs, $38.8 million of professional fees incurred and $274.2 million of fresh start adjustments and other reorganization items.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2015, we did not recognize any reorganization items.

Provision for Income Taxes

Year Ended December 31, 2017

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we had no provision for income taxes due to the change in our valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“the Tax Act”) was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act reduces the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, limits deductions for, among other things, interest expense, executive compensation and meals and entertainment while enhancing deductions for equipment and other fixed assets. We have no additional expense or benefit from tax reform due to the valuation allowance set against the deferred tax assets. We will continue to monitor guidance from regulatory bodies regarding the Tax Act and its possible impacts on our business. See  “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates — Income Taxes” below and “—Note 13. Income Taxes” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information related to the Tax Act.

Successor Period

For the Successor Period, we had no provision for income taxes due to the change in our valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets.

Predecessor Period

For the Predecessor Period, we had no provision for income taxes due to the change in our valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets.

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Our income tax benefit was $9.6$29.3 million for the year ended December 31, 20152020, which were primarily related non-operated drilling activity in the Eagle Ford and, represents an applicationcapital workovers and capital facilities expenditures located in the Rockies and California.

60


Working Capital. Working capital is the amount by which current assets exceed current liabilities. Our working capital requirements are primarily driven by changes in accounts receivable and accounts payable as well as the classification of our estimated effective tax rate (including state income taxes) for the year ended December 31, 2015 of approximately 0.5% to the pre-tax loss incurred throughout the year.

Capital Resources, Uses and Liquidity

Overview

Our decisions regarding capital structure, hedging and drilling are based upon many factors, including anticipated future commodity pricing, expected economic conditions and recoverable reserves. Historically, our primary sources of liquidity have been our operating cash flows, proceeds from divestitures, cash on hand and cash available from borrowings under the Exit Facility.

We anticipate our operating cash flows, cash on hand and cash available from borrowings under the Exit Facility will be our primary sources of liquidity subsequent to the Effective Date, although we may seek to supplement our liquidity through divestitures, additional or refinanced borrowings or debt or equity securities offerings as circumstances and market conditions dictate. We believe the combination of these sources of liquidity will be adequate to fund anticipated capital expenditures, service our existing debt and remain compliant with all other contractual commitments.

Our cash flows from operationsoutstanding. These changes are impacted by various factors,changes in the most significantprices of which iscommodities that we buy and sell. In general, our working capital requirements increase in periods of rising commodity prices and decreases in periods of declining commodity prices. However, our working capital needs do not necessarily change at the market pricing for oil, NGLssame rate as commodity prices because both accounts receivable and natural gas. The pricing for these commodities is volatile, andaccounts payable are impacted by the factors that impact such market pricing are global and therefore outsidesame commodity prices. In addition, the timing of payments received by our customers or paid to our suppliers can also cause fluctuations in working capital because we settle with most of our control. Volatility in commodity prices also impacts estimated quantitieslarger customers on a monthly basis and often near the end of proved reserves. Our longer term operating cash flows are dependent upon reserve replacement and the level of costs required for ongoing operations.month. We are required to make investments to fund activity necessary to offset the inherent declines in production and proved crude oil and natural gas reserves. Our ability to maintain and grow reserves and production is highly dependent on the success of our drilling program and our ability to add reserves economically. As a result, it is not possible for us to precisely predictexpect that our future cash flows from operating revenues due toworking capital requirements will be impacted by these market forces.same factors.

We have historically utilized derivatives to alleviate some of the volatility in market pricing. At December 31, 2017, we had derivative contracts covering a significant portion of our 2018 and 2019 production.  Depending on changes in oil and gas futures markets and management’s view of underlying supply and demand trends, we may hedge up to 75.0% of our oil and natural gas production for the successive twelve months.  For further information, see “—Note 6. Risk Management and Derivatives Instruments” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Our Capital Requirements

The following table summarizes factors affecting our liquidity (in thousands):

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

December 31, 2016

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

68,498

 

$

76,838

 

Net working capital

 

48,866

 

67,637

 

Total long-term debt

 

128,059

 

128,059

 

Available borrowing capacity

 

40,000

 

 

At December 31, 2017, our liquidity was $108.5 million, composed of our cash and cash equivalents and available borrowing capacity. During the year ended December 31, 2017, we incurred operational capital expenditures of $131.3 million, which consisted primarily of the following (in thousands):

 

 

For the Year Ended
December 31, 2017

 

Drilling and completion activities

 

$

121,753

 

Acquisition of acreage and seismic data

 

9,523

 

Operational capital expenditures incurred

 

131,276

 

Capitalized G&A, Office, ARO and Other

 

6,672

 

Capitalized interest

 

2,440

 

Total capital expenditures incurred

 

$

140,388

 

Operational capital expenditures were incurred in the following areas for the year ended December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

 

 

For the Year Ended
December 31, 2017

 

Mississippian Lime

 

$

128,808

 

Anadarko Basin

 

2,468

 

Operational capital expenditures incurred

 

$

131,276

 

As of December 31, 2017,2020, we had one drilling rig in operation ina working capital deficit of less than $0.1 million primarily as the Mississippian Lime. We currently anticipate operating one rig in the Mississippian Limeresult of (i) an accounts receivable balance of $30.9 million, (ii) prepaid expenses and investing between $100.0other current assets balance of $15.6 million and $120.0(iii) a cash balance of $10.4 million less (i) a revenue payable balance of capital for exploration, development$22.6 million, (ii) an accrued liabilities balance of $22.7 million and lease(iii) a short-term derivative liability balance of $10.8 million.

Debt Agreements

Revolving Credit Facility. On November 2, 2018, OLLC as borrower, entered into the Revolving Credit Facility (as amended and seismic acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2018. We expect cash generated by operations and cash on handsupplemented to be sufficient to fully fund our expected capital requirements.

Significant Sourcesdate) with Bank of Capital

Exit Facility

Montreal, as administrative agent. At December 31, 2017, in addition to cash on hand of $68.5 million, we maintained the Exit Facility. The Exit Facility has a current2020, our borrowing base under our Revolving Credit Facility was subject to redetermination on at least a semi-annual basis primarily based on a reserve engineering report with respect to our estimated natural gas, oil and NGL reserves, which takes into account the available natural gas, oil and NGL prices at such time, as adjusted for the impact of $170.0 million. Atour commodity derivative contracts. The borrowing base as of December 31, 2017, we had $128.1 million drawn on the Exit Facility and had outstanding letters2020, was $260.0 million.

As of credit obligations totaling $1.9 million. At December 31, 2017,2020, we had $40.0 million of availability on the Exit Facility.

The Exit Facility matures on September 30, 2020 and bears interest at LIBOR plus 4.50% per annum, subject to a 1.00% LIBOR floor. At December 31, 2017, the weighted average interest rate was 6.3%.

On May 24, 2017, we entered into the First Amendment to the Exit Facility (the “First Amendment”). The First Amendment, among other items, (i) moved the first scheduled borrowing base redetermination from April 2018 to October 2017; (ii) removed the requirement to maintain a cash collateral account with the administrative agent in the amount of $40.0 million; (iii) removed the requirement to maintain at least 20% liquidity of the then effective borrowing base; (iv) amended the required mortgage threshold from 95% to 90%; and (v) amended the threshold amount for which the borrower is required to provide advance notice to the administrative agent of a sale or disposition of oil and gas properties which occurs during the period between two successive redeterminations of the borrowing base.

In addition to interest expense, the Exit Facility requires the payment of a commitment fee each quarter. The commitment fee is computed at the rate of 0.50% per annum based on the average daily amount by which the borrowing base exceeds the outstanding borrowings during each quarter.

Debt Covenants

The Exit Facility, as amended, includes certain financial maintenance covenants that are required to be calculated on a quarterly basis for compliance purposes. These financial maintenance covenants include EBITDA to interest expense for the trailing four fiscal quarters of not less than 2.50:1.00 and a limitation of Total Net Indebtedness (as defined in the Exit Facility) to EBITDA for the trailing four fiscal quarters of not more than 4.00:1.00.

In addition, the Exit Facility contains various other covenants that, among other things, may restrict our ability to: (i) incur additional indebtedness or guarantee indebtedness (ii) make loans and investments; (iii) pay dividends on capital stock and make other restricted payments, including the prepayment or redemption of other indebtedness; (iv) create or incur certain liens; (v) sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of certain assets; (vi) enter into certain types of transactions with our affiliates; (vii) acquire, consolidate or merge with another entity upon certain terms and conditions; (viii) sell all or substantially all of our assets; (ix) prepay, redeem or repurchase certain debt; (x) alter the business we conduct and make amendments to our organizational documents, (xi) enter into certain derivative transactions and (xii) enter into certain marketing agreements and take-or-pay arrangements.

We were in compliance with all debtthe financial (current ratio and total leverage ratio) and other covenants atassociated with our Revolving Credit Facility.

As of December 31, 2017.2020, we had approximately $5.0 million of available borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility.

On April 24, 2020, we received a $5.5 million loan under the Paycheck Protection Program. The Paycheck Protection Program was established as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act to provide loans to qualifying businesses. The loans and accrued interest are potentially forgivable provided that the borrower uses the loan proceeds for eligible purposes. At this time, the Company anticipates that a substantial majority of the loan proceeds will be forgiven under the program.

For additional information regarding the Revolving Credit Facility, see Note 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included under “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report for additional information.

Cash Flows from Operating, Investing and Financing Activities

The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the periods presented.indicated. The cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, have been derived from our Consolidated Financial Statements. For information regarding the individual components of our cash flow amounts, please refer tosee the Consolidated Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows included under Item 15“Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” contained herein.

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

$

74,330

 

 

$

47,283

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 

(35,890

)

 

 

35,315

 

Net cash used in financing activities

 

(28,401

)

 

 

(132,302

)

For the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019

Operating Activities. Key drivers of this Annual Report.

Ournet operating cash flows are sensitivecommodity prices, production volumes and operating costs. For year ended December 31, 2020 we had a net loss of $464.0 million compared to a numbernet loss of variables, the most significant of which is the volatility of oil and gas prices. Regional and worldwide economic activity, weather, infrastructure capacity to reach markets and other variable factors significantly impact the prices of these commodities. These factors are beyond our control and are difficult to predict. For additional information on the impact of changing prices on our financial position, see “Item 7A.—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”

The following information highlights the significant period-to-period variances in our cash flow amounts (in thousands):

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

For the Year 
Ended 
December 31, 2017

 

For the Period 
October 21, 2016
 through 
December 31, 2016

 

 

For the Period 
January 1, 2016 
through 
October 20, 2016

 

For the Year 
Ended 
December 31, 2015

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

$

119,602

 

$

23,644

 

 

$

61,997

 

$

213,383

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(125,964

)

(23,346

)

 

(133,307

)

(294,556

)

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

 

(1,978

)

 

 

66,757

 

150,709

 

Net change in cash

 

$

(8,340

)

$

298

 

 

$

(4,553

)

$

69,536

 

Cash flows provided by operating activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $119.6 million, $23.6 million, $62.0 million and $213.4$35.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015, respectively.

Cash flows used in investing activities

We had2019. The net cash used in investing activitiesloss position is primarily driven by an impairment expense of $126.0 million, $23.3 million, $133.3 million and $294.6$477.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and2020 compared to a $2.2 million impairment expense for the year ended December 31, 2015, respectively. 2019. Net cash provided by operating activities for 2020 included $61.1 million of cash receipts on expired derivative instruments and $18.0 million of cash receipts on terminated derivative instruments compared to $4.3 million of cash receipts on expired derivative instruments for 2019. For 2020, we had net gains on derivative instruments of $60.7 million compared to net losses of $6.7 million for 2019. Production volumes increased to 27.8 MBoe/d in 2020 from 25.4 MBoe/d in 2019 and the average realized sales price decreased to $19.71 per Boe in 2020 from $29.67 per Boe in 2019. The changes in production and average realized sales price were primarily related to decreased drilling activities and lower commodity prices, partially offset by the Merger in 2019.

Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities primarily represents cash invested in property and equipment.

Cash flows provided by financing activities

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities was $(2.0) million, $66.8$35.9 million and $150.7$35.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, Predecessor Period2020 and the year ended December 31, 2015,2019, respectively. Net cash

61


During 2020, we used in financing activities$34.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 primarily represents treasury shares acquired associated with the vesting of restricted stockadditions to oil and deferred financing costs incurred with the First Amendment. Net cash provided by financing activitiesgas properties and $1.1 million for the Predecessor Period primarily represents borrowings from the RBL of $249.4additions to other property and equipment. During 2019, we used $72.7 million offset partially by repayments of the RBL of $121.3 millionfor additions to oil and repayments of the Second Lien Notes of $60.0 million. Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 primarily represents the issuance of the Second Lien Notes for proceeds of $625.0 million and borrowings from the RBL of $33.0 million. These proceeds weregas properties partially offset by repayments on$19.3 million related to cash acquired from the RBL of $468.2 millionMerger with Midstates.

Various restricted investment accounts fund certain long-term contractual and $34.4 million paid for restructuring transaction costs.

Other Items

Obligations and commitments

We have the following contractualregulatory asset retirement obligations and commitments ascollateralize certain regulatory bonds associated with our offshore Southern California oil and natural gas properties. Withdrawal of restricted investment was $90.0 million at December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

Payments Due by Period

 

 

 

Total

 

Less than
1 year

 

1 - 3 years

 

4 - 5 years

 

More than
5 years

 

Reserves based revolving credit facility(1)

 

$

128,059

 

$

 

$

128,059

 

$

 

$

 

Non-cancellable office lease commitments(2)

 

5,989

 

654

 

2,033

 

1,416

 

1,886

 

Asset retirement obligations(3)

 

15,506

 

 

 

 

15,506

 

Net minimum commitments(4)

 

$

149,554

 

$

654

 

$

130,092

 

$

1,416

 

$

17,392

 


(1)                                 Amount excludes interest on our reserves based revolving credit facility as both2019, which related to the amount borrowed and applicable interest rate is variable. AsCompany receiving funds from the trust account (the “Beta Decommissioning Trust Account”). See Note 8 of December 31, 2017, we had drawn down $128.1 million on our reserves based revolving credit facility and had $1.9 million of outstanding letters of credit. See “—Note 10. Debt” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.

(2)                                 See “—Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies” in the Notes to the Consolidatedincluded under “Item 8. Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K,and Supplementary Data” for a description of operating lease and other obligations.additional information regarding our restricted investments.

(3)                                 Amounts represent our estimate of future asset retirement obligations on a discounted basis. Because these costs typically extend many years into the future, estimating these future costs requires management to make estimates and judgments that are subject to future revisions based upon numerous factors, including the rate of inflation, changing technology and the political and regulatory environment. See “—Note 9. Asset Retirement Obligations” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(4)                                 Excluded from these amounts are any payments that may become necessary under our minimum volume requirements in our gas purchase, gathering and processing contract in the Mississippian Lime region as further discussed in “Business—Marketing and Major Purchasers”Financing Activities.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

We prepare our financial statements and the accompanying notes in conformity with US GAAP, which requires our management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the reported amounts in our financial statements and the accompanying notes. We identify certain accounting policies as critical based on, among other things, their impact on the portrayal of our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity and the degree of difficulty, subjectivity and complexity in their deployment. Critical accounting policies cover accounting matters that are inherently uncertain because the future resolution of such matters is unknown. Our management routinely discusses the development, selection and disclosure of each of the critical accounting policies.

Full Cost Method of Accounting and Proved Reserve Estimates

Proved oil and gas reserves are the estimated quantities of crude oil, NGLs and natural gas that geological and engineering data demonstrates with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing operating conditions and government regulations. Proved undeveloped reserves include those reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Undeveloped reserves may be classified as proved reserves on undrilled acreage directly offsetting development areas that are reasonably certain of production when drilled, or where reliable technology provides reasonable certainty of economic producibility. Undrilled locations may be classified as having undeveloped reserves only if a development plan has been adopted indicating that they are scheduled to be drilled within five years, unless specific circumstances justify a longer time.

Despite the inherent imprecision in these engineering estimates, our reserves are used throughout our financial statements. For example, since we use the units-of-production method to amortize our oil and gas properties, the quantity of reserves could significantly impact our DD&A expense. Our oil and gas properties are also subject to a ceiling limitation based in part on the quantity of our proved reserves. Finally, these reserves are the basis for our supplemental oil and gas disclosures.

Our estimates of reserves were calculated using an unweighted arithmetic average of commodity prices in effect on the first day of each month, held flat for the life of the production, except where prices are defined by contractual arrangements.

Because the ceiling calculation dictates the use of prices that are not representative of future prices and requires a 10% discount factor, the resulting value is not indicative of the true fair value of the reserves. Oil and gas prices have historically been cyclical and, for any particular 12-month period, can be either higher or lower than our long-term price forecast, which is a more appropriate input for estimating fair value. Therefore, oil and gas property write-downs that result from applying the full cost ceiling limitation, and that are caused by fluctuations in price as opposed to reductions to the underlying quantities of reserves, should not be viewed as absolute indicators of a reduction of the ultimate value of the related reserves. Because of the volatile nature of oil and gas prices, it generally is not possible to predict the timing or magnitude of full cost write-downs.

Revenue Recognition

Our revenue recognition policy is significant because revenue is a key component of the results of operations and of the forward-looking statements contained in the analysis of liquidity and capital resources. We record revenue in the month our production is delivered to the purchaser, but payment is generally received 30 to 90 days after the date of production. At the end of each month, we estimate the amount of production that was delivered to the purchaser and the price that will be received. We use our knowledge of our properties, their historical performance, the anticipated effect of weather conditions during the month of production, NYMEX and local spot market prices and other factors as the basis for these estimates. We record the variances between our estimates and the actual amounts received in the month payment is received and such variances have historically not been significant.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, which provides guidance concerning the recognition and measurement of revenue from contracts with customers. We completed our assessment of ASU 2014-09 during the fourth quarter of 2017. The primary update to our revenues as the result of adopting ASU 2014-09 will be the netting of certain deductions and costs, such as transportation and gathering expenses, against revenue instead of our historical practice of showing such expenses gross. These changes will not impact our revenue recognition, our financial position, net income or cash flows. The Company also completed its evaluationhad net repayments of information technology$30.0 million and internal control changes that will be required for adoption based on$9.0 million under the Company’s contract review process, which primarily required the remapping of certain accounts utilized for tracking these deduction and expenses along with enhanced reviews of any new revenue contracts or modifications to existing revenue contracts. The Company will apply the modified retrospective approach upon adoption of this standard on the effective date of January 1, 2018. See “Recent Accounting Pronouncements” below for more information.

Share-Based Compensation

Compensation expense associated with granted stock options and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) (excluding RSUs containing a market condition) is determined based on our estimate of the fair value of those awards at the initial grant date.

The fair value of RSUs is based on the fair value of an unrestricted share of common stock at the grant date. We utilize the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to measure the fair value of stock options. Key inputs used in the option pricing model include the risk-free interest rate, the expected volatility of the underlying stock and the expected life of the award. Non-employee director RSUs containing a market condition are treated as a liability award and the fair value is based upon a Monte Carlo simulation utilizing assumptions for expected volatility, risk-free interest rate and expected life that are updated quarterly until the award vests or expires. The CEO’s RSUs containing a market condition are treated as equity awards and the fair value is based on Monte Carlo simulation utilizing assumptions for actual and relative total shareholder return that was calculated at the grant date. The key assumptions used in measuring stock compensation expense for all awards are included in “—Note 12. Equity and Share-Based Compensation” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We include share-based compensation expense in “General and administrative expense” in our consolidated statements of operations.

Asset Retirement Obligations

We have obligations to remove tangible equipment and facilities associated with our oil and natural gas wells, and to restore land at the end of oil and natural gas production operations. The removal and restoration obligations are associated with plugging and abandoning wells. Estimating the future restoration and removal costs is difficult and requires us to make estimates and judgments because most removal obligations are many years in the future and contracts and regulations often have vague descriptions of what constitutes removal. Asset removal technologies and costs are constantly changing, as are regulatory, political, environmental, safety and public relations considerations. Inherent in the present value calculations are numerous assumptions and judgments including the ultimate settlement amounts, inflation factors, credit adjusted discount rates, timing of settlements and changes in the legal, regulatory, environmental and political environments.

The accounting guidance for asset retirement obligations requires that a liability for the present value of estimated future retirement obligations be recorded in the period in which it is incurred and the corresponding cost capitalized by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. The discounted liability is then subsequently accreted to its new present value. The amount of liability recorded for our asset retirement obligation is significantly impacted by our estimate of when the liability will be settled because of the discounting effect that occurs to reflect the liability at the present value of the future obligation. For example, at December 31, 2017, an increase of 5 years in the estimated settlement date used for asset retirement purposes would decrease the present value of our asset retirement obligation by $4.3 million, while a decrease of 5 years in the estimated settlement date would increase the present value of our asset retirement obligation by $2.1 million.

Income Taxes

The amount of income taxes recorded requires interpretations of complex rules and regulations of federal, state, and provincial tax jurisdictions. We recognize current tax expense based on estimated taxable income for the current period and the applicable statutory tax rates. We routinely assess potential uncertain tax positions and, if required, estimate and establish accruals for such amounts. We regularly assess our deferred tax assets and reduce such assets by a valuation allowance if we deem it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of our deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of taxable income during future periods. In light of a lack of positive evidence, we have recorded a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets of $120.1 million at December 31, 2017.

The SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB 118”), which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act’s enactment date for companies to complete its accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, to the extent a company has not completed its analysis of the Tax Act but can provide a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in its financial statements.

We have no additional expense or benefit from tax reform due to the valuation allowance. As the Tax Act was passed late in the fourth quarter of 2017, ongoing guidance from the Department of Treasury and state agencies and accounting interpretation is expected to be issued over the next 12 months. Therefore, we consider the accounting for certain items, as discussed below, to be incomplete due to forthcoming guidance and the ongoing analysis of final year-end data and tax positions.

We have estimated deductions of $10.9 million associated with the full expensing of the costs of qualified property that were incurred and placed in service during the period from September 27, 2017 to December 31, 2017. We continue to analyze assets placed in service after September 27, 2017, but not qualifying for full expensing as a result of being acquired under an agreement entered into prior to that date. In addition, further guidance and analysis is required in order to review the terms of its compensation plans and agreements and assess the impact of transitional guidance related to IRC Section 162(m) on awards granted prior to November 2, 2017, subject to the grandfather provisions. As a result, we have not adjusted certain tax items previously reported on its financial statements for IRC Section 162(m) until we are able to obtain sufficient information to make a reasonable estimate of the effects of the Tax Act. We expect to complete our analysis within the measurement period in accordance with SAB 118.

For further discussion please see “—Note 13. Income Taxes” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Fresh Start Accounting

Upon our emergence on the Effective Date, we adopted fresh start accounting as required by US GAAP. We qualified for fresh start accounting because (i) the holders of existing voting shares of the pre-emergence debtor-in-possession received less than 50% of the voting shares of the post-emergence successor entity and (ii) the reorganization value of our assets immediately prior to confirmation was less than the post-petition liabilities and allowed claims. We applied fresh start accounting as of the Effective Date. Adopting fresh start accounting results in a new reporting entity for financial reporting purposes with no beginning retained earnings or deficit and all of our assets and liabilities marked to fair value as of the Effective Date. As a result of the application of fresh start accounting, as well as the effects of the implementation of the Plan, our consolidated financial statements on or after the Effective Date are not comparable with our consolidated financial statements prior to that date.

There are various assumptions we made in determining the fair values of our assets and liabilities at the Effective Date. The most significant assumptions involve the estimated fair values of our oil and gas properties. To determine the fair values of these properties, we prepared estimates of oil, natural gas and NGL reserves as of the Effective Date. The engineering assumptions contained within this reserves report were consistent with both (i) previous engineering assumptions made by us when preparing reserve reports in prior years and (ii) assumptions promulgated by the SEC. These assumptions include type curves and analogous reservoir characteristics determined utilizing electrical logs, radioactivity logs, core analyses, geologic maps and available downhole and production data, seismic data and well test data, to name a few. We then utilized an outside third-party expert to assist us in the preparation of a valuation report utilizing assumptions consistent with a market participant. This valuation report utilized the income approach in determining the fair value of our oil and gas reserves, excluding possible reserves, for which the market approach was utilized. The income approach involves the projection of cash flows a market participant would expect an asset or business to generate over its remaining useful life. These projected cash flows from our oil and gas properties are adjusted for risk based upon the reserves category before being further adjusted for estimates of various indirect costs associated with the production of such reserves, such as general and administrative costs, income taxes and the impact of inflation. These cash flows are projected on an annual basis for a discrete period of time and then converted to their present value using a rate of return that captures the relevant risk of achieving the projected cash flows, which is based upon an estimated required return of capital for debt and equity for a market participant. Finally, the present value of the residual value, or terminal value, is added to these discrete cash flows to arrive at the estimate of total value. The market approach, which was utilized to value possible reserves, measures value through the use of prices, market multiples and other relevant information involving identical or comparable assets or business interests, which were largely determined based upon widely utilized industry sources and other relevant data in the respective area.

Unproved properties generally represent the value of probable and possible reserves. Due to the inherent nature of such reserves, probable reserve estimates are more imprecise than those of proved reserves. In order to compensate for the inherent risk of estimating and valuing unproved reserves, the discounted future net revenues of probable reserves are reduced by an appropriate risk-weighting factor in each particular instance. Possible reserves were not valued utilizing a discounted cash flow approach, but rather through the use of industry data and specific transactions utilizing the market approach.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Currently, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined under Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 provides guidance concerning the recognition and measurement of revenue from contracts with customers. The objective of ASU 2014-09 is to increase the usefulness of information in the financial statements regarding the nature, timing and uncertainty of revenues. ASU 2014-09 requires an entity to perform the following steps:

Step 1— Identify the contract with a customer: A contract between two or more parties creates enforceable rights and obligations. A contract that identifies the relevant parties and has been approved by those parties, identifies the payment terms, has commercial substance and results in a probable collection of future consideration meets the definition of ASU 2014-09.

Step 2—Identify the performance obligations in the contract: A performance obligation is effectively a promise in a contract with a customer to transfer goods or services to the customer. If an entity promises to transfer more than one good or service to the customer, each performance obligation is accounted for separately if such performance obligations are distinct, as defined under ASU 2014-09.

Step 3—Determine the transaction price: The amount of consideration an entity expects to be entitled to as a result of performing services to a customer or transferring goods to a customer is the transaction price. The transaction price takes into account variable consideration, the existence of significant financing component, noncash consideration and the type of consideration payable to the entity.

Step 4—Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract: An entity should allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in an amount that represents the amount of the entity expects to be entitled to for satisfying each performance obligation.

Step 5—Recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance obligation: An entity recognizes revenue when, or as, it satisfies a performance obligation. A performance obligation can be satisfied over time or at a point in time. ASU 2014-09 provides criteria for determining the appropriate classification of each performance obligation.

Throughout 2015 and 2016, the FASB has issued a series of subsequent updates to the revenue recognition guidance in Topic 606, including ASU No. 2015-14, ��Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date” ASU No. 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations”, ASU No. 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing”, ASU No. 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients” and ASU No. 2016-20, “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. ASU 2014-09 and the associated amendments mentioned above will be effective for us beginning on January 1, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period.

We completed our assessment of ASU 2014-09 during the fourth quarter of 2017. The primary impact to our revenues as the result of adopting ASU 2014-09 will be the netting of certain deductions and costs, such as transportation and gathering expenses, against revenue instead of our historical practice of presenting such expenses gross. For example, revenues from oil, natural gas and NGL salesRevolving Credit Facility for the year ended December 31, 2017 would have been $15.82020 and 2019, respectively. The Company received a $5.5 million lowerloan under ASU 2014-09, with an offsetting decrease to total expenses.

the Paycheck Protection Program on April 24, 2020.

The implementationCompany paid out dividends of ASU 2014-09 will not impact$3.8 million in dividends on March 30, 2020 to stockholders on record at the close of business on March 16, 2020. The board of directors subsequently suspended quarterly dividends. Future dividends, if any, are subject to debt covenants under our revenue recognition,Revolving Credit Facility and discretionary approval by the board of directors. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company paid dividends of $15.9 million in aggregate.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company paid $76.6 million related to the repayment of Midstates’ existing reserve-based revolving credit facility which was terminated upon the closing of the Merger. Additionally the Company spent $26.2 million related to the Common Stock repurchased and retired under the share repurchase program, which was terminated on December 31, 2019.

For the year ended December 31,2019 compared to the year ended December 31, 2018

Information related to the comparison of our financial position, net income ordiscussion of the cash flows. We do not anticipate a material cumulative effect adjustment on January 1, 2018 as a result of adopting ASU 2014-09. The Company also completed its evaluation of information technology and internal control changes that will be required for adoption based on the Company’s contract review process, which primarily required the remapping of certain accounts utilized for tracking these deduction and expenses along with enhanced reviews of any new revenue contracts or modifications to existing revenue contracts. The Company will apply the modified retrospective approach upon adoption of this standard on the effective date of January 1, 2018.

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. All leases create an asset and a liabilityflows for the lesseeyear ended December 31, 2019 compared to the year ended December 31, 2018, is included in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and therefore recognitionAnalysis of those lease assetsFinancial Condition and lease liabilities is required by ASU 2016-02. When measuring lease assetsResults of Operations — Liquidity and liabilities, payments to be made in optional extension periods should be included if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise the option. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the patternCapital Resources” of expense recognition in the income statement.

For finance leases, we will recognize a ROU asset and liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. Interest expense will be recognized on the lease liability separately from the amortization of the ROU asset. We will recognize payments of principal on the lease liability within financing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows and payments of interest within operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. For operating leases, we will recognize a ROU asset and liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. We will recognize a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis and all cash payments will be recognized in operating activities within the consolidated statement of cash flows.

The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. We are in the initial evaluation and planning stages for ASU 2016-02 and do not expect to move beyond this stage until early 2018.

our 2019 Form 10-K

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows — Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments” (“ASU 2016-15”). ASU 2016-15 addresses eight specific cash flow issues filed with the objective of reducing existing diversity of practice. The eight specific cash flow issues contained within ASU 2016-15 are debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investees, beneficial interests in securitization transactionsSEC and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. ASU 2016-15 is effective for us for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We do not believe the adoption of ASU 2016-15 will have a material impact on our cash flows.

In July 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-11, “Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)” (“ASU 2017-11”). ASU 2011-17 changes the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features. The amendments require entities that present earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with Topic 260 to recognize the effect of the down round feature when triggered with the effect treated as a dividend and as a reduction of income available to common shareholders in basic EPS. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We do not believe the adoption of ASU 2017-11 will have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to a variety of market risks including commodity price risk, interest rate risk and counterparty and customer risk. We address these risks through a program of risk management including the use of derivative instruments.

The primary objective of the following information is to provide forward-looking quantitative and qualitative information about our potential exposure to market risks. The disclosures are not meant to be precise indicators of expected future losses or gains, but rather indicators of reasonably possible losses or gains. This forward-looking information provides indicators of how we view and manage our ongoing market risk exposures. All of our market risk sensitive instruments were enteredincorporated by reference into for purposes other than speculative trading. These derivative instruments are discussed in “—Note 6. Risk Management and Derivative Instruments” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Capital Requirements

Commodity Price ExposureSee “— Outlook” for additional information regarding our capital spending program for 2021.

Off–Balance Sheet Arrangements

We are exposed to market risk as the pricesAs of oil, NGLs and natural gas fluctuate due to changes in supply and demand. To partially reduce price risk caused by these market fluctuations, we have hedged in the past and in the long-term, expect to hedge, a significant portion of our future production.

We utilize derivative financial instruments to manage risks related to changes in oil and natural gas prices. At December 31, 2017,2020, we utilized fixed price swaps, collars and three-way collars to reduce the volatilityhad no off–balance sheet arrangements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

For a discussion of oil and natural gas prices on a portionrecent accounting pronouncements that will affect us, see Note 2 of our future expected production. Please see “—Note 6. Risk Management and Derivative Instruments” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.

For derivative instruments recorded at fair value, the credit standing of our counterparties is analyzedincluded under “Item 8. Financial Statements and factored into the fair value amounts recognized on the balance sheet.Supplementary Data.”

ITEM 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The fair values of our commodity derivativesWe are largely determineda smaller reporting company as defined by estimatesRule 12b-2 of the forward curves ofExchange Act and are not required to provide the relevant price indices. At December 31, 2017, a 10% change in the forward curves associated with our commodity derivative instruments would have changed our net liability positions by the following amounts:

 

 

10% Increase

 

10% Decrease

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Gain (loss):

 

 

 

 

 

Gas derivatives

 

$

(1,568

)

$

1,247

 

Oil derivatives

 

$

(6,034

)

$

4,607

 

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the balance sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their value. Our only financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis are the derivative instruments discussed above. Our policy is to net derivative assets and liabilities where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement with the counterparty.

Interest Rate Risk

At December 31, 2017, we had indebtedness outstandinginformation under our Exit Facility of $128.1 million, which bears interest at LIBOR plus 4.50% per annum, subject to a 1.00% LIBOR floor. Assuming the Exit Facility is fully drawn, a one percent increase in interest rates would result in a $1.7 million increase in annual interest cost, before capitalization.this item.

At December 31, 2017, we did not have any interest rate derivatives in place and have not historically utilized interest rate derivatives. In the future, we may utilize interest rate derivatives to alter interest rate exposure in an attempt to reduce interest rate expense related to existing debt issues. Interest rate derivatives are used solely to modify interest rate exposure and not to modify the overall leverage of the debt portfolio.

Counterparty and Customer Credit Risk

Joint interest receivables arise from billing entities that own partial interest in the wells we operate. These entities participate in our wells primarily based on their ownership in leases on which we wish to drill. We have limited ability to control participation in our wells. We are also subject to credit risk due to concentration of our oil and natural gas receivables with several significant customers. See “Business—Marketing and Major Purchasers” for further detail about our significant customers. The inability or failure of our significant customers to meet their obligations to us or their insolvency or liquidation may adversely affect our financial results. In addition, our future oil and natural gas derivative arrangements may expose us to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by counterparties.

We evaluate the credit standing of our various counterparties as we deem appropriate under the circumstances. This evaluation may include reviewing a counterparty’s credit rating, latest financial information and, in the case of a customer with which we have receivables, their historical payment record, the financial ability of the customer’s parent company to make payment if the customer cannot and undertaking the due diligence necessary to determine credit terms and credit limits. Some of our significant customers for oil and gas receivables may have a credit rating below investment grade or not have rated debt securities. In these circumstances, we have considered the lack of investment grade credit rating in addition to the other factors described above.

ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Our Consolidated Financial Statements, together with the report of our independent registered public accounting firm, begin on page F-1 of this Annual Report.Report and are incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

62


ITEM 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

Pursuant to General Instructions G(3) to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this Item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

ITEM 9A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Procedures.

As required by RuleRules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act, we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including ourthe principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the Company, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) and under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report.annual report. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including ourthe principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the Company, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Based upon thethis evaluation, ourthe principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the Company have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at December 31, 2017 at the reasonable assurance level.level as of December 31, 2020.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control overOver Financial Reporting

The Company’s management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act RuleRules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). of the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial reporting, is defined as a processno matter how well designed, by, or under the supervisionhas inherent limitations. Because of the issuer’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the Company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures which (a) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of assets of the Company, (b) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and the board of directors, and (c) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, inits inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annualmay not prevent or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.detect misstatements.

Under the supervision and with the participation of ourthe Company’s management, including ourthe principal executive officer and principal financial officer we conducted an evaluation of the Company, the Company assessed the effectiveness of ourits internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control Integrated Framework (2013)issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of Thethe Treadway Commission.Commission (the “COSO Framework”). Based on our evaluation underthis assessment, the Internal Control Integrated Framework (2013), ourCompany’s management, including its principal executive and financial officers, concluded that ourthe Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2017.2020 based on the criteria set forth under the COSO Framework.

In order to protect the health and safety of our employees, we took proactive steps to allow employees to work remotely and to reduce the number of employees on site at any one time in our field areas to comply with social distancing guidelines. We believe that our internal controls and procedures are still functioning as designed and were effective for the most recent quarter.

The effectivenessThis Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017 has been auditeddue to an exemption established by Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report that follows.the SEC for smaller reporting companies.

Changes in Internal Control overControls Over Financial Reporting

There were noNo changes in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 20172020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’sour internal control over financial reporting.

The certifications required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are filed as exhibits 31.1 and 31.2, respectively, to this annual report.

ITEM 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION

None

63


PART III

ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement relating to the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Amplify Energy Corp. (the “Proxy Statement”) to be held on May 19, 2021.

The Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code of Ethics”) can be found on the Company’s website located at http://investor.amplifyenergy.com/corporate-governance. Any stockholder may request a printed copy of the Code of Ethics by submitting a written request to the Company’s Corporate Secretary. If the Company amends the Code of Ethics or grants a waiver, including an implicit waiver, from the Code of Ethics, the Company will disclose the information on its website. The waiver information will remain on the website for at least 12 months after the initial disclosure of such waiver.

ITEM 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.

ITEM 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.

ITEM 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.


PART IV

ITEM 15.

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1) Financial Statements

Our Consolidated Financial Statements are included under Part II, “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of the annual report. For a listing of these statements and accompanying footnotes, see “Index to Financial Statements” onPage F-1 of this annual report.

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

All schedules have been omitted because they are either not applicable, not required or the information called for therein appears in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

(a)(3) Exhibits

The exhibits listed on the Exhibit Index below are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this report, and such Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.

65


Exhibit Index

Exhibit
Number

Description

2.1

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated May 5, 2019, by and among Amplify Energy Corp., Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and Midstates Holdings, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35364) filed on May 6, 2019).

3.1

Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on October 21, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

3.2

Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., dated August 6, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on August 6, 2019).

3.3

Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Midstates Petroleum Company Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on August 6, 2019).

4.1

Description of the Company’s Capital Stock Registered Under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 0001-35512) filed on March 5, 2020).

10.1

Amplify Energy Corp. Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated August 6, 2019, between the Company and certain holders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on August 6, 2019).

10.2

Assignment and Assumption Agreement, dated August 6, 2019, by and among Legacy Amplify, Midstates and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on August 6, 2019).

10.3

Warrant Agreement between Legacy Amplify, as Issuer, and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as Warrant Agent, dated as of May 4, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Legacy Amplify’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35364) filed on May 5, 2017).

10.4#

Form of Option Forfeiture Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Legacy Amplify’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-35364) filed on March 6, 2019).

10.5

Form of 2018 RSU Award Agreement (Executives) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Legacy Amplify’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-35364) filed on August 8, 2018).

10.6

Form of 2018 RSU Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on August 6, 2019).

10.7

Form of 2019 RSU Award Agreement (Executives) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on August 6, 2019).

10.8

Form of 2019 RSU Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on August 6, 2019).

10.9

Form of Stock Option Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 of Legacy Amplify’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-217674) filed on May 4, 2017).

10.10#

Amplify Energy Corp. Management Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 of Legacy Amplify’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-217674) filed on May 4, 2017).

10.11#

Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on October 24, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.12

Credit Agreement, dated as of November 2, 2018, among Amplify Energy Operating LLC, Amplify Acquisitionco. Inc., as parent , Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent and an L/C issuer, and the other lenders and agents from time to time party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-35364) filed on November 7, 2018).

66


Exhibit
Number

Description

10.13

Letter Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2018, among Amplify Energy Operating LLC, Amplify Acquisitionco, Inc., as parent, Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent and L/C issuer, and the other lenders and agents from time to time party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to Legacy Amplify’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-35364) filed on March 6, 2019).

10.14

First Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated May 5, 2019, by and among Amplify Energy Operating LLC, Amplify Acquisitionco Inc., Legacy Amplify, the guarantors party thereto, lenders party thereto and Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Legacy Amplify’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35364) filed on May 6, 2019).

10.15

Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated July 16, 2019, by and among Amplify Energy Operating LLC, Amplify Acquisitionco Inc., Legacy Amplify, the guarantors party thereto, lenders party thereto and Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Legacy Amplify’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35364) filed on July 17, 2019).

10.16

Borrowing Base Redetermination, Commitment Increase and Joinder Agreement to Credit Agreement, dated August 6, 2019, by and among Amplify Energy Operating LLC, Amplify Acquisitionco LLC, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of Legacy Amplify’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on August 6, 2019).

10.17

Borrowing Base Redetermination Agreement and Third Amendment to Credit Agreement , dated June 12, 2020, by and among Amplify Energy Operating LLC, Amplify Acquistionco, Inc., the guarantors party thereto, Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent, and the other lenders and agents from time to time party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on June 15, 2020).

10.18

Borrowing Base Redetermination Agreement and Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated November 17, 2020, by and among Amplify Energy Operating LLC, Amplify Acquisitionco LLC, the guarantors party thereto, Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent, and the other lenders and agents from time to time party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on November 18, 2020).

10.19#

Amplify Energy Corp. 2017 Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 of Legacy Amplify’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-218745) filed on June 14, 2017).

10.20#

Employment Agreement, dated May 5, 2018, by and between Legacy Amplify and Kenneth Mariani (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Legacy Amplify’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-35364) filed on August 8, 2018).

10.21#

Employment Agreement, dated May 3, 2019, by and between Legacy Amplify and Martyn Willsher (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Legacy Amplify’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-35364) filed on May 9, 2019).

10.22#

Employment Agreement, dated May 3, 2019, by and between Legacy Amplify and Richard P. Smiley (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Legacy Amplify’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-35364) filed on May 9, 2019).

10.23#

Employment Agreement, dated May 3, 2019, by and between Legacy Amplify and Eric M. Willis (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Legacy Amplify’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-35364) filed on May 9, 2019).

10.24#

Employment Agreement, dated May 1, 2019, by and between Legacy Amplify and Denise DuBard (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on August 6, 2019).

10.25#

Employment Agreement, dated May 1, 209, by and between Legacy Amplify and Tony Lopez (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No.001-35512) filed on May 6, 2020).

10.26#*

Employment Agreement, dated February 3, 2020, by and between Amplify Energy Corp. and Jason McGlynn.

10.27

Form of Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on August 6, 2019).

67


Exhibit
Number

Description

16.1

Letter from KPMG LLP to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, dated January 24, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35512) filed on January 24, 2020).

21.1*

List of Subsidiaries of Amplify Energy Corp.

23.1*

Consent of Cawley, Gillespie and Associates, Inc.

23.2*

Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP

23.3*

Consent of KPMG LLP

31.1*

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

31.2*

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

32.1*

Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18. U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

99.1*

Report of Cawley, Gillespie and Associates, Inc.

101.INS*

Inline XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH*

Inline XBRL Schema Document

101.CAL*

Inline XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF*

Inline XBRL Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB*

Inline XBRL Labels Linkbase Document

101.PRE*

Inline XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document

104*

Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

*

Filed or furnished as an exhibit to this annual report on Form 10-K.

#

Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

##

Pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K, the registrant agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibit or schedule to the SEC upon request.

ITEM 16.

Form 10-K Summary

None.


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Amplify Energy Corp.

(Registrant)

Date: March 11, 2021

By:

/s/ Jason McGlynn

Name:

Jason McGlynn

Title:

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer


Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in their capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name

Title (Position with Amplify Energy Corp.)

Date

/s/ Martyn Willsher

President and Chief Executive Officer

March 11, 2021

Martyn Willsher

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Jason McGlynn

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

March 11, 2021

Jason McGlynn

(Principal Financial Officer)

/s/ Denise DuBard

Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

March 11, 2021

Denise DuBard

(Principal Accounting Officer)

/s/ Christopher W. Hamm

Chairman and Director

March 11, 2021

Christopher W. Hamm

/s/ Patrice Douglas

Director

March 11, 2021

Patrice Douglas

/s/ Randal T. Klein

Director

March 11, 2021

Randal T. Klein

/s/ Evan S. Lederman

Director

March 11, 2021

Evan S. Lederman

/s/ David H. Proman

Director

March 11, 2021

David H. Proman

/s/ Todd R. Snyder

Director

March 11, 2021

Todd R. Snyder


ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Page No.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019

F-5

Statements of Consolidated Operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019

F-6

Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019

F-7

Statements of Consolidated Equity for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019

F-8

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 – Organization and Basis of Presentation

F-9

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

F-10

Note 3 – Revenues

F-15

Note 4 – Acquisitions and Divestitures

F-16

Note 5 – Fair Value Measurements of Financial Instruments

F-18

Note 6 – Risk Management and Derivative Instruments

F-20

Note 7 – Asset Retirement Obligations

F-22

Note 8 – Restricted Investments

F-23

Note 9 – Debt

F-23

Note 10 – Equity (Deficit)

F-26

Note 11 – Earnings per Share

F-28

Note 12 – Equity-based Awards

F-28

Note 13 – Leases

F-33

Note 14 – Supplemental Disclosures to the Consolidated Balance Sheet and Condensed Statement of Cash Flows

F-34

Note 15 – Related Party Transactions

F-35

Note 16 – Commitments and Contingencies

F-35

Note 17 – Income Tax

F-37

Note 18 – Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited)

F-39


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors and Stockholders

Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc.

of Amplify Energy Corp.:

Opinion on internal control over financial reporting

the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the internal control over financial reportingaccompanying consolidated balance sheet of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. (a Delaware corporation)Amplify Energy Corp. and subsidiarysubsidiaries (the “Company”"Company") as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in2020, the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), therelated consolidated financial statements of the Company as ofoperations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows, for the year ended December 31, 2017,2020, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our report dated March 14, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion, on thosethe financial statements.

statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows the year ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for opinionOpinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control overThese financial reporting and for its assessmentstatements are the responsibility of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control overCompany's financial reportingstatements based on our audit.audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOBPublic Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

Kansas City, Missouri

March 14, 2018

ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III.

ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Pursuant to General Instructions G(3) to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this Item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Pursuant to General Instructions G(3) to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this Item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDERS

Pursuant to General Instructions G(3) to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this Item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

ITEM 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

Pursuant to General Instructions G(3) to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this Item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

Pursuant to General Instructions G(3) to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this Item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

PART IV.

ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)                                 The following documents are filed as a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or incorporated herein by reference:

(1)                                 Financial Statements:

See Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

(2)                                 Financial Statement Schedules:

None.

(3)                                 Exhibits:

The following documents are included as exhibits to this report:

2.1

First Amended Joint Chapter 11 Plan Of Reorganization of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and its Debtor Affiliate, dated September 28, 2016 (filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 4, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

3.1

Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on October 21, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

3.2

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on October 21, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.01

Warrant Agreement, dated as of October 21, 2016 between Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 27, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.02

Warrant Agreement, dated as of October 21, 2016, between Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 27, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.01

Plan Support Agreement, dated as of April 30, 2016, by and among Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., Midstates Petroleum Company LLC and the supporting parties thereto (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 2, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.02

First Amendment to Plan Support Agreement, dated as of June 29, 2016, by and among Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., Midstates Petroleum Company LLC and the supporting parties thereto (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 6, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.03

Second Amendment to Plan Support Agreement, dated as of August 31, 2016, by and among Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., Midstates Petroleum Company LLC and the supporting parties thereto. (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 7, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.04

Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 21, 2016, between Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and certain holders party thereto (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on October 21, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.05**

Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on October 24, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.06

Senior Secured Credit Agreement, dated as of October 21, 2016, by and among Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., Midstates Petroleum Company LLC, as borrower, SunTrust Bank, as administrative agent, and certain lenders party thereto (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 27, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.07

First Amendment to Senior Secured Credit Agreement, dated May 24, 2017, by and among Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., Midstates Petroleum Company LLC, as borrower, SunTrust Bank, as administrative agent, and certain lenders party thereto (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 26, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.08

Borrowing Base Redetermination Agreement, dated as of October 27, 2017, by and among Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., Midstates Petroleum Company LLC, the lenders party thereto and SunTrust Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 1, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.9**

Employment Agreement of Frederic F. Brace, dated October 21, 2016 (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 27, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.10**

Amendment No. 1 to Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of August 22, 2017, by and between Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and Frederic F. Brace (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 25, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.11**

Employment Agreement of Nelson M. Haight, dated October 21, 2016 (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 27, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.12**

Employment Agreement of Mitchell G. Elkins, dated October 21, 2016 (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 27, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.13**

Form of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. Director Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Annual Grant Agreement) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 29, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.14**

Form of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. Director Restricted Stock Unit Agreement Pursuant to the 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 29, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.15**

Separation Agreement and General Release of Claims, dated as of June 7, 2017, by and between Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and Nelson M. Haight (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 7, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.16**

Executive Employment Agreement, effective as of November 1, 2017, by and between Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and David J. Sambrooks (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 26, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.17**

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, effective as of November 1, 2017, by and between Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and David J. Sambrooks (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 26, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.18**

Form of Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement, effective as of November 1, 2017, by and between Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and David J. Sambrooks (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 26, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.19**

Separation Agreement and General Release, dated as of January 24, 2018, by and between Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and Mitchell G. Elkins (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 26, 2018, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.20(a)**

Form of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. Executive Performance Stock Unit Agreement Pursuant to the 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan.

10.21(a)**

Form of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. Executive Restricted Stock Unit Agreement Pursuant to the 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan.

12.1(a)

Statement of Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

21.1(a)

List of subsidiaries of the Company.

23.1(a)

Consent of Grant Thornton LLP

23.2(a)

Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP

23.3(a)

Consent of Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc.—Independent Petroleum Engineers

31.1(a)

Sarbanes-Oxley Section 302 certification of Principal Executive Officer.

31.2(a)

Sarbanes-Oxley Section 302 certification of Principal Financial Officer.

32.1(b)

Sarbanes-Oxley Section 906 certification of Principal Executive Officer.

32.2(b)

Sarbanes-Oxley Section 906 certification of Principal Financial Officer.

99.1(a)

Report of Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc.

101.INS(a)

XBRL Instance Document.

101.SCH(a)

XBRL Schema Document.

101.CAL(a)

XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF(a)

XBRL Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB(a)

XBRL Labels Linkbase Document

101.PRE(a)

XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document.


(a)                                 Filed herewith

(b)                                 Furnished herewith

**                                  Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement

ITEM 16.  FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.

MIDSTATES PETROLEUM COMPANY, INC.

Dated: March 14, 2018

/s/ DAVID J. SAMBROOKS

David J. Sambrooks

President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

Dated: March 14, 2018

/s/ RICHARD W. MCCULLOUGH

Richard W. McCullough

Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

Dated: March 14, 2018

KNOWN ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints David J. Sambrooks and Richard W. McCullough, each of whom may act without joinder of the other, as their true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for such person and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signatures

Title

Date

/s/ DAVID J. SAMBROOKS

President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

March 14, 2018

David J. Sambrooks

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ RICHARD W. MCCULLOUGH

Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

March 14, 2018

Richard W. McCullough

(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

/s/ ALAN J. CARR

Director (Chairman)

March 14, 2018

Alan J. Carr

/s/ PATRICE D. DOUGLAS

Director

March 14, 2018

Patrice D. Douglas

/s/ NEAL P. GOLDMAN

Director

March 14, 2018

Neal P. Goldman

/s/ MICHAEL S. REDDIN

Director

March 14, 2018

Michael S. Reddin

/s/ TODD R. SNYDER

Director

March 14, 2018

Todd R. Snyder

/s/ BRUCE H. VINCENT

Director

March 14, 2018

Bruce H. Vincent

/s/ FREDERIC F. BRACE

Director

March 14, 2018

Frederic F. Brace

MIDSTATES PETROLEUM COMPANY, INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Page

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms

F-2

Consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016

F-4

Consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2017 (Successor Period), periods October 21, 2016 through December 31, 2016 (Successor Period) and January 1, 2016 through October 20, 2016 (Predecessor Period) and year ended December 31, 2015 (Predecessor Period)

F-5

Consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the year ended December 31, 2017 (Successor Period), periods October 21, 2016 through December 31, 2016 (Successor Period) and January 1, 2016 through October 20, 2016 (Predecessor Period) and year ended December 31, 2015 (Predecessor Period)

F-6

Consolidated statements of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017 (Successor Period), periods October 21, 2016 through December 31, 2016 (Successor Period) and January 1, 2016 through October 20, 2016 (Predecessor Period) and year ended December 31, 2015 (Predecessor Period)

F-7

Notes to consolidated financial statements

F-8

Supplemental oil and gas information (unaudited)

F-44

Selected quarterly financial data (unaudited)

F-49

F-1



Table of Contents

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders

Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc.

Opinion on the financial statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Midstates Petroleum Company Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiary (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017 (Successor), the period from October 21, 2016 through December 31, 2016 (Successor) and the period from January 1, 2016 through October 20, 2016 (Predecessor), and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017 (Successor), the period from October 21, 2016 through December 31, 2016 (Successor) and the period from January 1, 2016 through October 20, 2016 (Predecessor), in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”), and our report dated March 14, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion.

Basis for opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supportingregarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Oil and Gas Reserve Quantities & Related Cashflows as used in the calculation of DD&A and Impairment — Refer to Notes 2 and 18 to the financial statements

F-2


Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company’s proved oil and natural gas properties are depleted using the units of production method driven by the underlying oil and natural gas reserves. The Company’s proved oil and natural gas properties and the related support equipment and facilities are evaluated for impairment by comparing the carrying value of the assets to the future net cashflows of the underlying oil and natural gas reserves. If the carrying amount of a property exceeds the estimated undiscounted future net cash flows, the Company recognizes an impairment expense equal to the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the property, which is estimated to be the net present value of the future net cash flows associated with the underlying oil and natural gas reserves. The development of the Company’s oil and natural gas reserve quantities require management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to the intent and ability to complete undeveloped proved reserves within a five-year development period, as prescribed by SEC guidelines. When developing the related net present value of the future net cash flows associated with these reserves quantities, management must make significant estimates related to the risk adjusted discount rates, and future oil and natural gas prices. The Company engages an independent reservoir engineer, management’s specialist, to estimate oil and natural gas quantities using these estimates and assumptions and engineering data. Changes in these assumptions or engineering data could have a significant impact on the amount of depletion and impairment recorded for the Company’s proved oil and natural gas properties and related support equipment and facilities. As of December 31, 2020, the total gross proved oil and gas properties balance was $775 million. The Depletion, depreciation, and amortization was $40 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020. The Impairment expense associated with the Company’s proved oil and natural gas properties and the related support equipment and facilities was $477 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.

Given the significant judgements made by management and management’s specialist, performing audit procedures to evaluate the Company’s oil and natural gas reserve quantities and the related net cash flows including management’s estimates and assumptions requires a high degree of auditor judgement and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures of management’s significant judgments and assumptions related to oil and natural gas reserves quantities and estimates of the future net cash flows included the following, among others:

We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s five-year development plan by comparing the forecasts to:

-

Historical conversions of proved undeveloped oil and natural gas reserves into proved developed oil and natural gas reserves.

-

Internal communications to management and the Board of Directors.

-

Forecasted information included in Company press releases as well as in analyst and industry reports for the Company and certain of its peer companies.

-

The financial capability of the Company to execute its drilling program.

We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s estimated reserve quantities by performing the following:

-

Evaluating the experience, qualifications and objectivity of management’s specialist, an independent reservoir engineering firm.

-

Performing analytical procedures on the reserve quantities developed by management’s specialist.

With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated management’s estimated future oil and natural gas prices and risk adjusted discount rates by performing the following:

-

Understanding the methodology used by management for development of these assumptions and comparing the estimates to independently determined values.

-

Comparing management’s estimates to third-party industry publications and other third party sources.

 

/s/ GRANT THORNTONDELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

Houston, Texas

March 11, 2021

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2016.2020.

 


Kansas City, Missouri

March 14, 2018

F-2



Table of Contents

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors and Stockholders of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc.

Tulsa, OklahomaAmplify Energy Corp.:

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Amplify Energy Corp. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2019, the related statements of consolidated operations, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and subsidiary (“Midstates”)equity for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2015. 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of Midstates’the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.

We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. Anmisstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audit includesincluded performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supportingregarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. AnOur audit also includes assessingincluded evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statement presentation.statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ KPMG LLP

We served as the Company’s auditor from 2011 to 2020.

Houston, Texas

March 5, 2020


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In our opinion, such consolidatedthousands, except outstanding shares)

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash

$

10,364

 

 

$

0

 

Restricted cash

 

0

 

 

 

325

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

30,901

 

 

 

33,145

 

Short-term derivative instruments

 

0

 

 

 

5,879

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

15,572

 

 

 

13,238

 

Total current assets

 

56,837

 

 

 

52,587

 

Property and equipment, at cost:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and natural gas properties, successful efforts method

 

775,167

 

 

 

797,005

 

Support equipment and facilities

 

142,208

 

 

 

140,023

 

Other

 

9,102

 

 

 

8,045

 

Accumulated depreciation, depletion and impairment

 

(609,231

)

 

 

(141,350

)

Property and equipment, net

 

317,246

 

 

 

803,723

 

Long-term derivative instruments

 

873

 

 

 

6,364

 

Restricted investments

 

4,623

 

 

 

4,622

 

Operating lease - long term right-of-use asset

 

2,500

 

 

 

4,406

 

Other long-term assets

 

2,680

 

 

 

5,837

 

Total assets

$

384,759

 

 

$

877,539

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

$

798

 

 

$

8,310

 

Revenues payable

 

22,563

 

 

 

29,167

 

Accrued liabilities (see Note 14)

 

22,677

 

 

 

23,358

 

Short-term derivative instruments

 

10,824

 

 

 

253

 

Total current liabilities

 

56,862

 

 

 

61,088

 

Long-term debt (see Note 9)

 

260,516

 

 

 

285,000

 

Asset retirement obligations

 

96,725

 

 

 

90,466

 

Long-term derivative instruments

 

847

 

 

 

305

 

Operating lease liability

 

266

 

 

 

2,720

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

3,280

 

 

 

3,753

 

Total liabilities

 

418,496

 

 

 

443,332

 

Commitments and contingencies (see Note 16)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders' equity (deficit):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: 50,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Warrants, 2,173,913 and 9,153,522 warrants issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively

 

4,788

 

 

 

4,790

 

Common stock, $0.01 par value: 250,000,000 shares authorized; 37,663,509 and 37,566,540 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively

 

378

 

 

 

209

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

424,104

 

 

 

424,399

 

Accumulated earnings (deficit)

 

(463,007

)

 

 

4,809

 

Total stockholders' equity (deficit)

 

(33,737

)

 

 

434,207

 

Total liabilities and equity

$

384,759

 

 

$

877,539

 

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and natural gas sales

$

200,888

 

 

$

274,607

 

Other revenues

 

1,256

 

 

 

968

 

Total revenues

 

202,144

 

 

 

275,575

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Costs and expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lease operating expense

 

119,708

 

 

 

123,918

 

Gathering, processing, and transportation

 

20,547

 

 

 

18,475

 

Exploration

 

56

 

 

 

51

 

Taxes other than income

 

12,944

 

 

 

18,668

 

Depreciation, depletion, and amortization

 

40,268

 

 

 

55,843

 

Impairment expense

 

476,936

 

 

 

2,246

 

General and administrative expense

 

27,789

 

 

 

55,288

 

Accretion of asset retirement obligations

 

6,206

 

 

 

5,559

 

(Gain) loss on commodity derivative instruments

 

(60,671

)

 

 

6,700

 

Other, net

 

250

 

 

 

798

 

Total costs and expenses

 

644,033

 

 

 

287,546

 

Operating income (loss)

 

(441,889

)

 

 

(11,971

)

Other income (expense):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense, net

 

(20,522

)

 

 

(16,855

)

Other income (expense)

 

65

 

 

 

(1,117

)

Loss on lease

 

0

 

 

 

(4,247

)

Inventory valuation adjustment

 

(1,003

)

 

 

0

 

Total other income (expense)

 

(21,460

)

 

 

(22,219

)

Income (loss) before reorganization items, net and income taxes

 

(463,349

)

 

 

(34,190

)

Reorganization items, net

 

(566

)

 

 

(1,057

)

Income tax benefit (expense)

 

(115

)

 

 

50

 

Net income (loss)

 

(464,030

)

 

 

(35,197

)

Net (income) loss allocated to participating restricted stockholders

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

$

(464,030

)

 

$

(35,197

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings (loss) per share: (See Note 11)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share

$

(12.34

)

 

$

(1.20

)

Weighted average common shares outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted

 

37,612

 

 

 

29,301

 

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

$

(464,030

)

 

$

(35,197

)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

40,268

 

 

 

55,843

 

Impairment expense

 

476,936

 

 

 

2,246

 

(Gain) loss on derivative instruments

 

(56,628

)

 

 

6,476

 

Cash settlements (paid) received on expired derivative instruments

 

61,135

 

 

 

4,344

 

Cash settlements (paid) received on terminated derivative instruments

 

17,977

 

 

 

0

 

Bad debt expense

 

294

 

 

 

301

 

Amortization and write-off of deferred financing costs

 

3,272

 

 

 

1,174

 

Accretion of asset retirement obligations

 

6,206

 

 

 

5,559

 

Share-based compensation (see Note 12)

 

(112

)

 

 

4,530

 

Settlement of asset retirement obligations

 

(327

)

 

 

(259

)

Write-off of other property, plant & equipment

 

0

 

 

 

1,325

 

Other

 

0

 

 

 

(8

)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

1,950

 

 

 

10,701

 

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

(2,334

)

 

 

713

 

Payables and accrued liabilities

 

(9,803

)

 

 

(13,592

)

Other

 

(474

)

 

 

3,127

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

74,330

 

 

 

47,283

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash acquired from the Merger

 

0

 

 

 

19,250

 

Additions to oil and gas properties

 

(34,833

)

 

 

(72,709

)

Additions to other property and equipment

 

(1,057

)

 

 

(1,081

)

Additions to restricted investments

 

0

 

 

 

(155

)

Withdrawals of restricted investments

 

0

 

 

 

90,000

 

Other

 

0

 

 

 

10

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 

(35,890

)

 

 

35,315

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Advances on revolving credit facilities

 

25,000

 

 

 

125,000

 

Payments on revolving credit facilities

 

(55,000

)

 

 

(134,000

)

Proceeds from the paycheck protection program

 

5,516

 

 

 

0

 

Repayment of Midstates revolving credit facility

 

0

 

 

 

(76,559

)

Deferred financing costs

 

(115

)

 

 

(882

)

Dividends to stockholders

 

(3,786

)

 

 

(15,889

)

Common stock repurchased and retired under the share repurchase program

 

0

 

 

 

(26,203

)

Treasury stock acquired and retired

 

0

 

 

 

(3,340

)

Costs incurred in conjunction with tender offer

 

0

 

 

 

(107

)

Restricted shares returned to plan and retired

 

(51

)

 

 

(406

)

Other

 

35

 

 

 

84

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

(28,401

)

 

 

(132,302

)

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

 

10,039

 

 

 

(49,704

)

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period

 

325

 

 

 

50,029

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period

$

10,364

 

 

$

325

 

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.  

STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED EQUITY

(In thousands)

 

Stockholders' Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

 

Warrants

 

 

Additional

Paid-in Capital

 

 

Treasury Stock

 

 

Accumulated

Earnings

(Deficit)

 

 

Total

 

Balance at December 31, 2018

 

3

 

 

 

4,788

 

 

 

355,872

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

55,895

 

 

 

416,558

 

Net income (loss)

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(35,197

)

 

 

(35,197

)

Equity transactions related to the Merger

 

206

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

94,059

 

 

 

(2,723

)

 

 

0

 

 

 

91,544

 

Acquisition of treasury stock

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(618

)

 

 

0

 

 

 

(618

)

Retirement of treasury shares

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(3,341

)

 

 

3,341

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Share-based compensation expense

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

4,530

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

4,530

 

Cost incurred in conjunction with tender offer

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(107

)

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(107

)

Common stock repurchased and retired under the share repurchase program

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(26,203

)

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(26,203

)

Dividends

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(15,889

)

 

 

(15,889

)

Restricted shares returned to plan and retired

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(406

)

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(406

)

Other

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(5

)

 

 

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(5

)

Balance at December 31, 2019

 

209

 

 

 

4,790

 

 

 

424,399

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

4,809

 

 

 

434,207

 

Net income (loss)

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(464,030

)

 

 

(464,030

)

Share-based compensation expense

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(112

)

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(112

)

Dividends

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(3,786

)

 

 

(3,786

)

Expiration of warrants

 

0

 

 

 

(2

)

 

 

2

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Restricted shares returned to plan and retired

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(51

)

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(51

)

Other

 

169

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

(134

)

 

 

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

35

 

Balance at December 31, 2020

$

378

 

 

$

4,788

 

 

$

424,104

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

(463,007

)

 

$

(33,737

)

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

F-8


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

General

On August 6, 2019, Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Midstates”), completed its business combination (the “Merger”) with Amplify Energy Corp. (“Legacy Amplify”), in accordance with the terms of that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated May 5, 2019 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Midstates, Legacy Amplify and Midstates Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation and direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Midstates (“Merger Sub”). Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub merged with and into Legacy Amplify, with Legacy Amplify surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Midstates, and immediately following the Merger, Legacy Amplify merged with and into Alpha Mike Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of Midstates (“LLC Sub”), with LLC Sub surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of Midstates. On the effective date of the Merger, Midstates changed its name to “Amplify Energy Corp.” (the “Company”) and LLC Sub changed its name to “Amplify Energy Holdings LLC.”

For financial reporting purposes, the Merger represented a “reverse merger” and Legacy Amplify was deemed to be the accounting acquirer in the transaction. Legacy Amplify’s historical results of operations replaced Midstates’ historical results of operations for all periods prior to the Merger and, for all periods following the Merger, the Company’s financial statements present fairly, in all material respects,reflect the results of operations and cash flows of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and subsidiarythe combined company. Accordingly, the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015,Company included in conformitythis annual report for periods prior to the Merger are not the same as Midstates prior reported filings with the SEC, which were derived from the operations of Midstates.

When referring to Legacy Amplify, the intent is to refer to Amplify Energy Corp. prior to the Merger, and its consolidated subsidiaries as a whole or on an individual basis, depending on the context in which the statements are made.

We operate in 1 reportable segment engaged in the acquisition, development, exploitation and production of oil and natural gas properties. Our management evaluates performance based on one reportable business segment as there are not different economic environments within the operation of our oil and natural gas properties. Our assets consist primarily of producing oil and natural gas properties located in Oklahoma, the Rockies, federal waters offshore Southern California, East Texas/North Louisiana and the Eagle Ford. Most of our oil and natural gas properties are located in large, mature oil and natural gas reservoirs. The Company’s properties consist primarily of operated and non-operated working interests in producing and undeveloped leasehold acreage and working interests in identified producing wells.

Basis of Presentation

Material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

America (“GAAP”). The accompanying 2015 consolidated financial statementsConsolidated Financial Statements have been prepared assuming that Midstates will continue as if the Company is a going concern. Midstates’ eventconcern and reflect the application of default underAccounting Standards Codification 852 “Reorganizations” (“ASC 852”).

Risk and Uncertainties

In March 2020, the Credit FacilityWorld Health Organization declared a global pandemic related to the proliferation of COVID-19. The impact of COVID-19 and efforts to mitigate its spread have caused significant volatility in 2015,U.S. and international markets and a projected additional debt covenant violation,substantial reduction in global and resulting lack of liquidity as of December 31, 2015 raised substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statementsdomestic demand for the year ended December 31, 2015 do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

Houston, Texas

March 30, 2016

F-3



Table of Contents

MIDSTATES PETROLEUM COMPANY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share amounts)

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

December 31, 2016

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

68,498

 

$

76,838

 

Accounts receivable:

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and gas sales

 

32,455

 

36,988

 

Joint interest billing

 

3,297

 

4,281

 

Other

 

166

 

2,456

 

Commodity derivative contracts

 

762

 

 

Other current assets

 

1,510

 

3,326

 

Total current assets

 

106,688

 

123,889

 

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and gas properties, on the basis of full-cost accounting

 

 

 

 

 

Proved properties

 

765,308

 

573,150

 

Unproved properties not being amortized

 

7,065

 

65,080

 

Other property and equipment

 

6,508

 

6,339

 

Less accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment

 

(204,419

)

(12,974

)

Net property and equipment

 

574,462

 

631,595

 

OTHER NONCURRENT ASSETS

 

6,978

 

5,455

 

TOTAL

 

$

688,128

 

$

760,939

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

11,547

 

$

2,521

 

Accrued liabilities

 

42,842

 

53,731

 

Commodity derivative contracts

 

3,433

 

 

Total current liabilities

 

57,822

 

56,252

 

LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

Asset retirement obligations

 

15,506

 

14,200

 

Commodity derivative contracts

 

562

 

 

Long-term debt

 

128,059

 

128,059

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

592

 

614

 

Total long-term liabilities

 

144,719

 

142,873

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 16)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding at December 31, 2017

 

 

 

Warrants, 6,625,554 warrants outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016

 

37,329

 

37,329

 

Common stock, $0.01 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 25,272,969 shares issued and 25,173,346 shares outstanding at December 31, 2017; and 24,994,867 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2016

 

253

 

250

 

Treasury stock

 

(1,603

)

 

Additional paid-in-capital

 

524,755

 

514,305

 

Retained earnings (deficit)

 

(75,147

)

9,930

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

485,587

 

561,814

 

TOTAL

 

$

688,128

 

$

760,939

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-4



Table of Contents

MIDSTATES PETROLEUM COMPANY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

For the

 

For the Period 
October 21, 2016

 

 

For the Period 
January 1, 2016



For the

 

 

 

Year Ended 
December 31, 2017

 

through December
31, 2016

 

 

through October 
20, 2016

 

Year Ended 
December 31, 2015

 

REVENUES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil sales

 

$

117,083

 

$

25,549

 

 

$

112,628

 

$

217,636

 

Natural gas liquid sales

 

44,112

 

8,391

 

 

27,473

 

38,249

 

Natural gas sales

 

59,708

 

13,635

 

 

48,318

 

66,823

 

Gains on commodity derivative contracts—net

 

3,659

 

 

 

 

40,960

 

Other

 

4,191

 

950

 

 

4,809

 

1,477

 

Total revenues

 

228,753

 

48,525

 

 

193,228

 

365,145

 

EXPENSES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lease operating and workover

 

63,287

 

15,324

 

 

52,803

 

81,473

 

Gathering and transportation

 

14,507

 

3,194

 

 

14,362

 

15,546

 

Severance and other taxes

 

8,869

 

1,286

 

 

5,210

 

8,605

 

Asset retirement accretion

 

1,100

 

210

 

 

1,414

 

1,610

 

Depreciation, depletion, and amortization

 

65,832

 

12,974

 

 

62,302

 

198,643

 

Impairment in carrying value of oil and gas properties

 

125,300

 

 

 

232,108

 

1,625,776

 

General and administrative

 

29,352

 

4,864

 

 

22,362

 

38,703

 

Acquisition and transaction costs

 

 

 

 

 

330

 

Debt restructuring costs and advisory fees

 

 

 

 

7,590

 

36,141

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

2,121

 

Total expenses

 

308,247

 

37,852

 

 

398,151

 

2,008,948

 

OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)

 

(79,494

)

10,673

 

 

(204,923

)

(1,643,803

)

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

9

 

 

 

81

 

115

 

Interest expense—net of amounts capitalized (Predecessor Period excludes interest expense of $89.5 million on senior and secured notes)

 

(5,592

)

(743

)

 

(66,360

)

(163,148

)

Reorganization items, net (Note 3)

 

 

 

 

1,594,281

 

 

Total other income (expense)

 

(5,583

)

(743

)

 

1,528,002

 

(163,033

)

INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE TAXES

 

(85,077

)

9,930

 

 

1,323,079

 

(1,806,836

)

Income tax benefit

 

 

 

 

 

9,641

 

NET INCOME (LOSS)

 

$

(85,077

)

$

9,930

 

 

$

1,323,079

 

$

(1,797,195

)

Predecessor preferred stock dividend

 

 

 

 

 

(948

)

Predecessor participating securities—non-vested restricted stock

 

 

 

 

(16,522

)

 

Successor participating securities— non-vested restricted stock

 

 

(280

)

 

 

 

NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS

 

$

(85,077

)

$

9,650

 

 

$

1,306,557

 

$

(1,798,143

)

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders

 

$

(3.39

)

$

0.39

 

 

$

122.74

 

$

(232.74

)

Basic and diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding (Note 14)

 

25,119

 

25,009

 

 

10,645

 

7,726

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5



Table of Contents

MIDSTATES PETROLEUM COMPANY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

(See Notes 11 and 12 for share history)

(In thousands)

 

 

Series A
Preferred
Stock

 

Common
Stock

 

Warrants

 

Treasury
Stock

 

Additional
Paid-in-Capital

 

Retained
Earnings
(Deficit)

 

Total
Stockholders’
Equity
(Deficit)

 

Balance as of December 31, 2014 (Predecessor)

 

$

3

 

$

70

 

$

 

$

(2,592

)

$

882,528

 

$

(414,147

)

$

465,862

 

Share-based compensation

 

 

3

 

 

 

5,753

 

 

5,756

 

Acquisition of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

(489

)

 

 

(489

)

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,797,195

)

(1,797,195

)

Conversion of preferred shares

 

(3

)

37

 

 

 

(34

)

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2015 (Predecessor)

 

$

 

$

110

 

$

 

$

(3,081

)

$

888,247

 

$

(2,211,342

)

$

(1,326,066

)

Share-based compensation

 

 

(6

)

 

 

3,045

 

 

3,039

 

Acquisition of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

(53

)

 

 

(53

)

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,323,079

 

1,323,079

 

Balance as of October 21, 2016 (Predecessor)

 

$

 

$

104

 

$

 

$

(3,134

)

$

891,292

 

$

(888,263

)

$

(1

)

Cancellation of predecessor equity

 

 

(104

)

 

3,134

 

(891,292

)

888,263

 

1

 

Balance as of October 21, 2016 (Predecessor)

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

Issuance of successor common stock

 

 

247

 

 

 

510,905

 

 

511,152

 

Issuance of successor warrants

 

 

 

37,329

 

 

 

 

37,329

 

Balance as of October 21, 2016 (Successor)

 

$

 

$

247

 

$

37,329

 

$

 

$

510,905

 

$

 

$

548,481

 

Issuance of successor common stock

 

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

Share-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

3,400

 

 

3,400

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

9,930

 

9,930

 

Balance as of December 31, 2016 (Successor)

 

$

 

$

250

 

$

37,329

 

$

 

$

514,305

 

$

9,930

 

$

561,814

 

Share-based compensation

 

 

3

 

 

 

10,450

 

 

10,453

 

Acquisition of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

(1,603

)

 

 

(1,603

)

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

(85,077

)

(85,077

)

Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Successor)

 

$

 

$

253

 

$

37,329

 

$

(1,603

)

$

524,755

 

$

(75,147

)

$

485,587

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-6



Table of Contents

MIDSTATES PETROLEUM COMPANY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

 

For the Period 
October 21, 2016
through December
 31, 2016

 

 

For the Period 
January 1, 2016
through October 
20, 2016

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2015

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(85,077

)

$

9,930

 

 

$

1,323,079

 

$

(1,797,195

)

Adjustments to reconcile net income/(loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gains on commodity derivative contracts—net

 

(3,659

)

 

 

 

(40,960

)

Net cash received for commodity derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments

 

6,891

 

 

 

 

167,669

 

Asset retirement accretion

 

1,100

 

210

 

 

1,414

 

1,610

 

Depreciation, depletion, and amortization

 

65,832

 

12,974

 

 

62,302

 

198,643

 

Impairment in carrying value of oil and gas properties

 

125,300

 

 

 

232,108

 

1,625,776

 

Share-based compensation, net of amounts capitalized to oil and gas properties

 

9,196

 

2,909

 

 

2,564

 

4,408

 

Deferred income taxes

 

 

 

 

 

(9,641

)

Amortization of deferred financing costs

 

385

 

63

 

 

4,587

 

11,316

 

Paid-in-kind interest expense

 

 

 

 

3,531

 

6,415

 

Amortization of deferred gain on debt restructuring

 

 

 

 

(8,246

)

(14,948

)

Operating lease abandonment

 

 

 

 

1,574

 

 

Non-cash reorganization items

 

 

 

 

(1,630,873

)

 

Transaction costs for debt restructuring

 

 

 

 

 

34,398

 

Change in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable—oil and gas sales

 

2,766

 

(115

)

 

(2,391

)

26,437

 

Accounts receivable—JIB and other

 

3,362

 

(1,812

)

 

22,002

 

22,833

 

Other current and noncurrent assets

 

283

 

1,783

 

 

(5,868

)

590

 

Accounts payable

 

2,961

 

(1,555

)

 

1,797

 

(4,176

)

Accrued liabilities

 

(8,973

)

(740

)

 

55,160

 

(20,887

)

Other

 

(765

)

(3

)

 

(743

)

1,095

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

$

119,602

 

$

23,644

 

 

$

61,997

 

$

213,383

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment in property and equipment

 

$

(130,199

)

$

(23,346

)

 

$

(133,307

)

$

(336,922

)

Proceeds from the sale of oil and gas properties

 

4,235

 

 

 

 

42,366

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

$

(125,964

)

$

(23,346

)

 

$

(133,307

)

$

(294,556

)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from long-term borrowings

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

625,000

 

Proceeds from revolving credit facility

 

 

 

 

249,384

 

33,000

 

Repayment of long-term borrowings

 

 

 

 

(60,000

)

 

Repayment of revolving credit facility

 

 

 

 

(121,324

)

(468,150

)

Deferred financing costs

 

(375

)

 

 

(1,250

)

(4,254

)

Transaction costs for debt restructuring

 

 

 

 

 

(34,398

)

Repurchase of restricted stock for tax withholdings

 

(1,603

)

 

 

(53

)

(489

)

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

 

$

(1,978

)

$

 

 

$

66,757

 

$

150,709

 

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

 

$

(8,340

)

$

298

 

 

$

(4,553

)

$

69,536

 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

 

$

76,838

 

$

76,540

 

 

$

81,093

 

$

11,557

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

 

$

68,498

 

$

76,838

 

 

$

76,540

 

$

81,093

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-7



Table of Contents

MIDSTATES PETROLEUM COMPANY, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Organization and Business

Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. engages in the business of drilling for, and the production of, oil natural gas liquids (“NGLs”) and natural gas in Oklahoma and Texas. Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. was incorporated pursuantgas. Actions by governmental authorities to mitigate the lawsspread of the State of Delaware on October 25, 2011 to become a holding company for Midstates Petroleum Company LLC (“Midstates Sub”), which was previously a wholly-owned subsidiary of Midstates Petroleum Holdings LLC (“Holdings LLC”). Pursuant to the terms of a corporate reorganization that was completed in connection with the closing of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc.’s initial public offering, all of the interests in Midstates Petroleum Holdings LLC were exchanged for newly issued common shares of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., andCOVID-19, such as a result, Midstates Petroleum Company LLC became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and Midstates Petroleum Holdings LLC ceased to exist as a separate entity. The terms “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and similar terms when used in the present tense, prospectively or for historical periods since April 25, 2012, refer to Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and its subsidiary.

On April 21, 2015, the Company closed the saleimposing mandatory closures of all non-essential business facilities, seeking voluntary closures of its ownership interest in its Dequincy assets, which constituted its remaining producingbusiness facilities, and proved reserve properties in Louisiana (the “Dequincy Divestiture”) to Pintail Oil and Gas LLC. The net proceeds, inclusive of amounts placed in escrow, were approximately $42.4 million. With the completion of the Dequincy Divestiture, the Company no longer has any operations in the Louisiana/Gulf Coast area.

On February 3, 2016, the Company received notice from the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) that the Company’s common stock no longer met the NYSE continued listing requirements. As a result, the Company’s common stock was automatically delisted from the NYSE and began tradingimposing restrictions on, an over the counter exchange under the symbol “MPOY”. On April 30, 2016, the Company filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. On October 21, 2016, in connection with the Company’s emergence from Chapter 11, its existing common shares traded under the symbol MPOY were cancelled and on October 24, 2016, its new common shares issued in connection with the successful reorganization and emergence from Chapter 11 were listed and began trading on the NYSE MKT under the symbol “MPO”. On May 4, 2017, the Company’s common stock began trading on the NYSE under the symbol “MPO”.

2. Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11 Proceedings

On April 30, 2016 (the “Petition Date”), the Company filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas (the “Bankruptcy Court”). The Company’s Chapter 11 cases (the “Chapter 11 Cases”) were jointly administered under the case styled In re Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc., et al., Case No. 16-32237. On September 28, 2016, the Bankruptcy Court entered the Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law, and Order Confirming Debtors’ First Amended Joint Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and its Debtor Affiliate (the “Confirmation Order”), which approved and confirmed the First Amended Joint Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization of Midstates Petroleum Company, Inc. and its Debtor Affiliate as filed on the same date (the “Plan”). On October 21, 2016 (the “Effective Date”), the Company satisfied the conditions to effectiveness set forth in the Confirmation Order and in the Plan, and, as a result, the Plan became effective in accordance with its terms and the Company emerged from the Chapter 11 Cases.

F-8



Table of Contents

Plan of Reorganization

Pursuant to the confirmed Plan, the significant transactions that occurred upon the Effective Date were as follows:

·                  Substantial Deleveraging of the Balance Sheet: (i) The permanent pay-down of $81.3 million of the Company’s revolving credit facility (“RBL”), with a $170.0 million exit facility (the “Exit Facility”) established upon the Effective Date, (ii) the pay-down of $60.0 million of the Company’s Second Lien Notes in cash and (iii) the conversion into equity of all of the Company’s remaining debt junior to the RBL;

·                  Credit Facility Claims: Holders of allowed claims arising under the RBL (the “Credit Facility Claims”) received their pro rata share of approximately $81.3 million in cash and the RBL was superseded, pursuant to the Plan, by the Exit Facility, as further described below;

·                  Second Lien Notes Claims: Holders of allowed claims arising under the Second Lien Notes (the “Second Lien Notes Claims”) received their pro rata share of (i) 96.25% of the reorganized equity in the form of common stock and (ii) a cash payment of $60.0 million;

·                  Third Lien Notes Claims: Holders of allowed claims arising under the Third Lien Notes (the “Third Lien Notes Claims”), pursuant to a settlement with holders of Second Lien Notes Claims on terms more fully set forth in the Plan (the “Second/Third Lien Plan Settlement”), received their pro rata share of 2.5% of the reorganized equity in the form of common stock and warrants to acquire 4,411,765 shares of common stock at a strike price of $24.00 per common share with an expiration date 42 months after the Effective Date;

·                  Unsecured Claims: Holders (the “Unsecured Noteholders”) of allowed claims arising under the Debtors’ 10.75% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2020 (the “2020 Notes Claims”), the holders of allowed claims arising under the 9.25% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2021 (the “2021 Notes Claims” and together with the 2020 Notes Claims, the “Unsecured Notes Claims”), and the Holders of other general unsecured claims received their pro rata share of 1.25% of reorganized equity in the form of common stock and warrants to acquire 2,213,789 shares of common stock (the “Unencumbered Assets Equity Distribution”) at a strike price of $46.00 per common share with an expiration date 42 months after the Effective Date;

·                  Existing Equity: All existing equity interests were extinguished and existing equity holders did not receive any consideration in respect of their equity interests;

·                  New Equity: On the Effective Date, the Company issued 24,687,500 shares of common stock of the reorganized Company. On November 9, 2016, the Company issued an additional 294,967 shares of common stock of the reorganized Company pursuant to the Plan. The Company will issue 17,533 additional common shares,or advisories with respect to, general unsecured claims, pursuant totravel, business operations and public gatherings or interactions, have further exacerbated the Plan in a future distribution. The total authorized reorganized capital stock consists of 250,000,000 shares of common stock and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock;

·                  Exit Facility: The Company’s RBL, which was redetermined with a borrowing base of $170.0 million in April 2016, was superseded, pursuant to the Plan, by the Exit Facility. See “—Note 10. Debt” for further information regarding the Exit Facility; and

·                  Long-Term Incentive Plan: A management equity incentive plan (the “2016 LTIP”) was established under which 10.0%economic impact of the reorganized equity (on a fully-diluted/fully-distributed basis) was reserved for grants to be made from time to time to the directors, officers, and other members of management.pandemic.

F-9



Table of Contents

3. Fresh Start Accounting

Upon emergence on the Effective Date, the Company adopted fresh start accounting as required by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“US GAAP”). The Company qualified for fresh start accounting because (i) the holders of existing voting shares of the pre-emergence debtor-in-possession received less than 50% of the voting shares of the post-emergence successor entity and (ii) the reorganization value of the Company’s assets immediately prior to confirmation was less than the post-petition liabilities and allowed claims. The Company applied fresh start accounting as of October 21, 2016, the Effective Date.

Adopting fresh start accounting results in a new reporting entity for financial reporting purposes with no beginning retained earnings or deficit. The cancellation of all existing shares outstanding on the Effective Date and issuance of new shares in the reorganized Company caused a related change of control under US GAAP. As a result of the applicationpandemic, there has also been a sharp reduction in the demand for oil and natural gas and a precipitous decline in commodity prices, which were further impacted by disputes over production levels among oil-producing countries, the significant increase in production levels by such countries and limited storage capacity for natural gas, oil and refined products. The reductions in commodity prices have resulted in lower levels of fresh start accounting,cash flow from operating activities. In addition, the borrowing base under our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below) is subject to redetermination on at least a semi-annual basis primarily based on an engineering report with respect to our estimated oil and natural gas reserves, which takes into account the prevailing oil and natural gas prices at such time, as adjusted for the impact of our commodity derivative contracts. Severely reduced commodity prices contributed to a reduction in our borrowing base during the Spring 2020 redetermination process, and continued low prices may adversely impact subsequent redeterminations. The reduction in commodity prices has directly led to an impairment of our oil and natural gas properties. There may be further impairments in future periods if commodity prices do not fully recover.

F-9


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Despite the gradual recovery in commodity prices in the second half of 2020, the expectation of a successful phased rollout of a vaccine in 2021, and the successful realization and execution of our liquidity enhancing initiatives and disciplined hedging program, there remains significant uncertainty around the breadth and duration of business disruptions related to COVID-19, as well as its impact on the effectsU.S. and international economies and, as such, the Company is unable to determine the extent of the implementation ofimpact caused by the Plan, the Company’s consolidated financial statements on or after October 21, 2016, are not comparable with the consolidated financial statements prior to that date. References to “Successor Period” relate to the financial position and results of operations for the period October 21, 2016 through December 31, 2016 and references to “Predecessor Period” refer to the financial position and results of operations of the Company from January 1, 2016 through October 20, 2016.

Reorganization Value

Reorganization value represents the fair value of the Company’s total assets prior to the consideration of liabilities and is intended to approximate the amount a willing buyer would pay for the Company’s assets immediately after restructuring. The reorganization value was allocatedCOVID-19 pandemic to the Company’s individual assets based on their estimated fair values.operations.

The Company’s reorganization value was derived from its enterprise value. Enterprise value represents the estimated fair value of an entity’s long-term debt and equity. The enterprise value of the Company on the Effective Date, as approved by the Bankruptcy Court in support of the Plan, was estimated to be within a range of $500.0 million to $700.0 million, with a mid-point value of $600.0 million. Based upon the various estimates and assumptions necessary for fresh start accounting, as further discussed below, the estimated enterprise value was determined to be $600.0 million before consideration of cash and cash equivalents and outstanding debt at the Effective Date. As a result, the reorganization value was determined to be $751.3 million at the Effective Date, as reconciled below.

Valuation of Oil and Gas Properties

The Company’s principal assets are its oil and gas properties, which the Company accounts for under the full cost accounting method as described in “—Note 4.2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”. With the assistance of valuation experts, the Company determined the fair value of its oil and gas properties based on the discounted net cash flows expected to be generated from these assets. The computations were based on market conditions and reserves in place as of the Effective Date.Policies

The foundation for the computation of the fair value of the Company was a reserves report prepared by its independent reserve auditors. The engineering assumptions contained within this reserves report were consistent with both (i) previous engineering assumptions made by the Company when preparing reserve reports in prior years and (ii) assumptions promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These assumptions include type curves and analogous reservoir characteristics determined utilizing electrical logs, radioactivity logs, core analyses, geologic maps and available downhole and production data, seismic data and well test data, among others.

Upon completion of the Company’s reserves report, it utilized outside third-party experts to assist management in the preparation of a valuation report utilizing assumptions consistent with a market participant. This valuation report utilized the income approach in determining the fair value of the Company’s oil and gas reserves, excluding possible reserves, for which the market approach was utilized. The income approach involves the projection of cash flows a market participant would expect an asset or business to generate over its remaining useful life. Cash flows are projected on an annual basis for a discrete period of time and then converted to their present value using a rate of return that captures the relevant risk of achieving the projected cash flows. Finally, the present value of the residual value, or terminal value, is added to these discrete cash flows to arrive at the estimate of total value. The market approach measures value through the use of prices, market multiples and other relevant information involving identical or comparable assets or business interests. The significant assumptions utilized within the valuation report included the following:

F-10



Table of Contents

·                  Pricing—The Company utilized pricing based on the six year New York Mercantile Exchange strip as of the Effective Date. NGL prices were based upon a historical percentage correlation of the price of West Texas Intermediate to the price of a Y-grade barrel. Prices beyond six years were escalated at 2.0% to account for inflation. Price differentials that have been calculated utilizing historical results were applied to account for quality and transportation differentials.

·                  Weighted-Average Cost of Capital (“WACC”)—The WACC reflects the required return of capital providers, both debt and equity. Eight guideline companies were selected that had operations in the Mid-Continent area and were organized as C-corporations. A cost of equity was calculated using a capital asset pricing model, in which the cost of equity equals a risk-free rate plus a risk premium that is reflective of the asset or business interest. The risk free rate utilized was 2.2% based upon the normalized 20-year U.S. Treasury Bond rate as of the Effective Date. The risk premium was calculated utilizing three primary inputs. First, a beta was determined based upon the respective two-year weekly betas for each guideline company, adjusted for debt of their capital structures and then re-levered using the selected Company capital structure. Next, a market risk premium of 6.0% was utilized based upon industry data. Finally, a size premium of 3.6% was applied based upon the size of the interest in the assets of the Company utilizing industry data. A cost of debt was then calculated to be approximately 7.0% based upon the weighted average energy yield of the guideline companies at the Effective Date and then adjusted for a 35.0% tax effective to arrive at an estimated after-tax cost of debt of 4.6%. Based upon these inputs, the capital asset pricing model arrived at a WACC of 11.0%, which was utilized by the Company in its determination of fair value.

·                  Operating and Other Costs—Operating costs from the reserves report prepared by the Company were escalated by 2.0% to account for inflation. Ad valorem and production taxes were estimated as a percentage of revenue and applied to the forward price adjusted revenues. Corporate general and administrative costs were estimated based a blend of historical general and administrative expenses and forecasts of such expenses for the next five years. Corporate general and administrative expenses were escalated at 2.0% after five years to account for inflation.

·                  Capital Expenditures—Capital expenditures were based upon the average historical capital expended by the Company in the development of its wells and were escalated by 2.0% to account for inflation.

·                  Possible Reserves—The Company utilized the guideline transaction method to determine the value of possible reserve acreage. In determining the value of possible reserve acreage, the Company utilized data from widely utilized industry sources as well as data from other relevant transactions in the area. These industry sources publish oil and gas lease data compiled from private transactions, federal oil and gas lease sales as well as state oil and gas lease sales. The Company then utilized this data to arrive at a range of acreage values for each county.

Based upon the analysis completed by the Company with the assistance of outside third-party valuation experts, it concluded the fair value of its proved reserves was $539.0 million and the value of its probable and possible reserves, characterized as unproved properties, was $66.2 million as of the Effective Date.

The following table presents the estimated fair value of the Company’s stock as of the Effective Date (in thousands, except per share value):

 

 

As of
October 21, 2016

 

Enterprise value

 

$

600,000

 

Plus: Cash and cash equivalents

 

76,540

 

Less: Fair value of debt

 

(128,059

)

Less: Fair value of warrants

 

(37,329

)

Fair value of stock on the Effective Date

 

$

511,152

 

 

 

 

 

Total shares issuable under the Plan

 

25,000

 

Restricted shares granted under 2016 LTIP at October 21, 2016

 

686

 

Total shares

 

25,686

 

 

 

 

 

Per share value (1)

 

$

19.90

 


(1)         The per share value shown above was calculated based upon the financial information determined using US GAAP at the Effective Date. The fair value per share agreed upon by the parties to the Chapter 11 Cases at the Effective Date was determined to be $19.66 per common share.

F-11



Table of Contents

On the Effective Date, the Company entered into (i) a warrant agreement with holders of Allowed Third Lien Notes Claims (the “Third Lien Notes Warrant Agreement”) with respect to third lien warrants (the “Third Lien Notes Warrants”) and (ii) a warrant agreement with holders of Allowed Unsecured Notes Claims and Allowed General Unsecured Claims (the “Unsecured Creditor Warrant Agreement”, and together with the Third Lien Notes Warrant Agreement, the “Warrant Agreements”) with respect to warrants (the “Unsecured Creditor Warrants”, and together with the Third Lien Notes Warrants, the “Warrants”).

At the Effective Date, the Company issued 4,411,765 Third Lien Notes Warrants allowing for the purchase of up to an aggregate of 4,411,765 shares of common stock at an initial exercise price of $24.00 per share, and 2,213,789 Unsecured Creditor Warrants allowing for the purchase of up to an aggregate of 2,213,789 shares of common stock at an initial exercise price of $46.00 per share. The Warrants expire on April 21, 2020.

The Company utilized the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to determine the fair value of the Warrants. Determining the fair value of the Warrants required judgment, including estimating the expected term and the associated volatility.

The assumptions used to estimate the fair value the Warrants are as follows:

 

 

Third Lien Notes 
Warrants

 

Unsecured 
Creditor Warrants

 

Risk-free interest rate (1)

 

1.04

%

1.04

%

Dividend yield

 

 

 

Expected life (2)

 

3.50

 

3.50

 

Expected volatility (3)

 

55.0

%

55.0

%

Strike Price

 

$

24.00

 

$

 

46.00

 

Calculated fair value

 

$

6.74

 

$

 

3.42

 


(1) U.S. Treasury yields as of the grant date were utilized for the risk-free interest rate assumption, matching the treasury yield terms to the expected life of the option.

(2) The expected life assumption was based upon the years until expiration of the Warrants.

(3) The Company utilized six peer companies of comparable size and industry to estimate asset volatility utilizing a period that is commensurate with the expected Warrant life. The Company weighted historical volatility and implied volatility 50/50 for those peer companies where both were available, with asset volatility ranging in the peer companies from 30.1% to 54.2%. The derived asset volatility was selected based upon the midpoint of the average and the third quartile of the peer group, and then relevered the utilizing the Company’s asset and equity information as of the Effective Date.

The following table reconciles the enterprise value to the estimated reorganization value as of the Effective Date (in thousands):

 

 

As of
October 21, 2016

 

Enterprise value

 

$

600,000

 

Plus: cash and cash equivalents

 

76,540

 

Plus: other working capital liabilities

 

60,118

 

Plus: other long-term liabilities

 

14,600

 

Reorganization value

 

$

751,258

 

F-12



Table of Contents

Consolidated Balance Sheet

The following consolidated balance sheet is as of October 21, 2016. This consolidated balance sheet includes adjustments that reflect the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Plan (reflected in the column “Reorganization Adjustments”) as well as fair value adjustments as a result of the adoption of fresh start accounting (reflected in the column “Fresh Start Adjustments”) as of the Effective Date (in thousands):

 

 

Predecessor

 

Reorganization
Adjustments

 

 

Fresh Start 
Adjustments

 

 

Successor

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

274,530

 

$

(197,990

){a}

 

$

 

 

$

76,540

 

Accounts receivable:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and gas sales

 

33,895

 

 

 

 

 

33,895

 

Joint interest billing

 

4,739

 

 

 

 

 

4,739

 

Other

 

26

 

 

 

 

 

26

 

Other current assets

 

8,425

 

(2,748

){b}

 

 

 

5,677

 

Total current assets

 

321,615

 

(200,738

)

 

 

 

120,877

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and gas properties, on the basis of full-cost accounting

 

3,795,943

 

 

 

(3,176,723

){h}

 

619,220

 

Other property and equipment

 

12,175

 

 

 

(5,965

){h}

 

6,210

 

Less accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment

 

(3,449,241

)

 

 

3,449,241

{h}

 

 

Net property and equipment

 

358,877

 

 

 

266,553

 

 

625,430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OTHER NONCURRENT ASSETS

 

3,701

 

1,250

{c} {a}

 

 

 

4,951

 

TOTAL

 

$

684,193

 

$

(199,488

)

 

$

266,553

 

 

$

751,258

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY/(DEFICIT)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

10,294

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

10,294

 

Accrued liabilities

 

65,240

 

(15,416

){a}

 

 

 

49,824

 

Debt classified as current

 

249,384

 

(249,384

){a} {d}

 

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

 

324,918

 

(264,800

)

 

 

 

60,118

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS

 

20,368

 

 

 

(6,385

){h}

 

13,983

 

OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

 

617

 

128,059

{d}

 

 

 

128,676

 

LIABILITIES SUBJECT TO COMPROMISE

 

1,882,187

 

(1,882,187

){e} {a}

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY/(DEFICIT):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Warrants

 

 

37,329

{e}

 

 

 

37,329

 

Common stock - predecessor

 

104

 

(104

){f}

 

 

 

 

Common stock - successor

 

 

247

{f}

 

 

 

247

 

Treasury stock

 

(3,134

)

3,134

{f}

 

 

 

 

Additional paid-in-capital - predecessor

 

891,292

 

(891,292

){f}

 

 

 

 

Additional paid-in-capital - successor

 

 

510,905

{f}

 

 

 

510,905

 

Retained deficit

 

(2,432,159

)

2,159,221

{g}

 

272,938

{i}

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity/(deficit)

 

(1,543,897

)

1,819,440

 

 

272,938

 

 

548,481

 

TOTAL

 

$

684,193

 

$

(199,488

)

 

$

266,553

 

 

$

751,258

 

F-13



Table of Contents


Reorganization Adjustments

{a}                             Adjustments reflect the following net cash payments recorded as of the Effective Date from implementation of the Plan (in thousands):

Uses:

 

 

 

Cash pay down of RBL

 

$

81,324

 

Cash payment to holders of Second Lien Notes Claims

 

60,000

 

Cash payment to the RBL lenders in consideration of a temporary reduction in the amount available to be drawn under the Exit Facility

 

40,000

 

Payment to escrow for professional fees related to the Plan incurred through the Effective Date

 

15,416

 

Debt issuance costs associated with the Exit Facility

 

1,250

 

Total uses

 

$

197,990

 

{b}                             Adjustment reflects the write off of unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the RBL.

{c}                              Adjustment reflects the debt issuance costs associated with the Exit Facility.

{d}                             Adjustment represents the establishment of Exit Facility, which superceded the RBL.

{e}                              As part of the Plan, the Bankruptcy Court approved the settlement of certain allowable claims, reported as liabilities subject to compromise in the Company’s historical consolidated balance sheet. As a result, a gain of $1.3 billion was recognized on the settlement of liabilities subject to compromise. The gain was calculated as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Predecessor

 

Liabilities subject to compromise

 

$

1,882,187

 

Cash paid to holders of Second Lien Notes Claims

 

(60,000

)

Warrants issued to holders of Third Lien Notes Claims

 

(29,753

)

Warrants issued to holders of Unsecured Notes Claims

 

(7,575

)

Write-off of unamortized debt costs associated with RBL

 

(2,748

)

Common stock issued

 

(511,152

)

Gain on settlement

 

$

1,270,959

 

{f}                               Adjustments represent (i) the cancellation of predecessor stock that was authorized and outstanding prior to the Effective Date and (ii) the issuance of 24,687,500 shares of new common stock upon emergence on the Effective Date.

{g}                              This adjustment reflects the cumulative impact of the following reorganization adjustments (in thousands):

 

 

Predecessor

 

Gain on settlement of liabilities subject to compromise

 

$

1,270,959

 

Common stock - predecessor

 

104

 

Treasury stock

 

(3,134

)

Additional paid-in-capital - predecessor

 

891,292

 

Net impact to Predecessor accumulated deficit

 

$

2,159,221

 

Fresh Start Adjustments

{h}                             The adjustments primarily represent (i) the removal of $3.4 billion of accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment due to fresh start accounting, (ii) the $269.7 million increase in oil and gas properties due to the application of fresh start accounting, (iii) the $6.4 million decrease in the asset retirement obligation due to the application of fresh start accounting and (iv) an increase in other property and equipment.

{i}                                 This adjustment reflects the cumulative impact of the fresh start adjustments discussed herein.

F-14



Table of Contents

Reorganization Items

Reorganization items represent the direct and incremental costs of being in bankruptcy, such as professional fees, pre-petition liability claim adjustments and losses related to terminated contracts that are probable and can be estimated. Unamortized deferred financing costs as well as unamortized gains on the May 2015 troubled debt restructuring associated with debt classified as liabilities subject to compromise were also reclassified to reorganization items in order to reflect the expected amounts of allowed claims. The following table summarizes the gain on reorganization items, net, in the consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

For the Period January 
1, 2016 through 
October 20, 2016

 

Professional fees incurred

 

$

(38,835

)

Adjustment to unamortized debt issuance costs associated with 2020 Senior Notes

 

(10,738

)

Adjustment to unamortized debt issuance costs associated with 2021 Senior Notes

 

(12,671

)

Adjustment to unamortized gain on troubled debt restructuring associated with Second Lien Notes

 

39,599

 

Adjustment to unamortized gain on troubled debt restructuring associated with Third Lien Notes

 

71,808

 

Gain on settlement of liabilities subject to compromise

 

1,270,959

 

Fresh start adjustments

 

272,938

 

Other reorganization items (1)

 

1,221

 

Gain on reorganization items, net

 

$

1,594,281

 


(1) Other reorganization items primarily included $0.2 million related to Houston office fixed assets, which were abandoned, as well as a $1.6 million decrease in the liability previously recorded for the abandonment of the Houston office lease.

4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC and have been prepared in accordance with US GAAP.

All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated financial statements for the period October 21, 2016 through December 31, 2016 are referred to as the Successor Period, and the period January 1, 2016 through October 20, 2016 is referred to as the Predecessor Period. The consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015 include the results of the Dequincy Divestiture from January 1, 2015 through April 21, 2015, the date of disposition. The Company’s management evaluates performance based on one reportable segment as all its operations are located in the United States and therefore it maintains one cost center.

Fresh Start Accounting

Upon emergence from bankruptcy, the Company adopted fresh start accounting. Adopting fresh start accounting results in a new reporting entity for financial reporting purposes with no beginning retained earnings or deficit. As a result of the application of fresh start accounting, as well as the effects of the implementation of the Plan, the Company’s consolidated financial statements on or after October 21, 2016 are not comparable with the Company’s consolidated financial statements prior to that date.

F-15



Table of Contents

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statementsConsolidated Financial Statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statementsConsolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company utilizes historical experience as well as other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances in preparing its estimates. The Company evaluates estimates and assumptions on a regular basis. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements.

estimates.

Significant estimates include, but are not limited to, the estimates of reorganization value, enterprise value and fair value of assets and liabilities upon emergence from bankruptcy and application of fresh start accounting, the estimate of recoverable oil and natural gas reservesreserves; depreciation, depletion and related present value estimatesamortization of proved oil and natural gas properties; future net cash flows derived therefrom, legalfrom oil and environmental risksnatural gas properties; impairment of long-lived assets; fair value of derivatives; fair value of equity compensation; fair values of assets acquired and exposures,liabilities assumed in business combinations and asset retirement obligations.

Business Combinations

Accounting for the acquisition of a business requires the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired to be recorded at fair value. The most significant assumptions in a business combination include those used to estimate the fair value of share-based compensation, income taxesthe oil and the valuationgas properties acquired. The fair value of proved natural gas properties is determined using a risk-adjusted after-tax discounted cash flow analysis based upon significant assumptions including commodity prices; projections of estimated quantities of reserves; projections of future asset retirement obligations.rates of production; timing and amount of future development and operating costs; projected reserve recovery factors; and a weighted average cost of capital.

The Company utilizes a market approach to estimate the fair value of unproved properties acquired in a business combination which requires the Company to use judgment in considering the value per undeveloped acre in recent comparable transactions to estimate the value of unproved properties.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considersCash and cash equivalents represent unrestricted cash on hand and all short-termhighly liquid investments with an original maturitycontractual maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company’s total cashless.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Cash balances, are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000 per bank per depositor. The Company had cash balances on deposit at December 31, 2017 and 2016 that exceeded the balance insured by the FDIC in the amount of $70.4 million and $78.4 million, respectively.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are stated at the historical carrying amount net of any allowance for uncollectible accounts. The carrying amount of the Company’s accounts receivable, approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of the instruments. Many of the Company’s receivables are from joint interest owners in properties in which the Company is the operator. The Company may withhold future revenue disbursements to recover any non-payment of these joint interest billings under certain circumstances. The Company routinely assesses the collectability of all material traderestricted investments and other receivables and the Company accrues a reserve on a receivable when, based on the judgment of management, it is probable that a receivable will not be collected and the amount of any reserve may be reasonably estimated. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had no allowance for doubtful accounts.

Financial Instruments

The Company’sderivative financial instruments consist of cashare financial instruments potentially subject to credit risk. Cash and cash equivalents receivables, payables, debt,are maintained in bank deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed the federally insured limits. Management periodically reviews and commodity derivative contracts. Commodity derivative contracts are recorded at fair value; see “—Note 5. Fair Value Measurements of Financial Instruments”. The fair valueassesses the financial condition of the Company’sbanks to mitigate the risk of loss. Various restricted investment accounts fund certain long-term debt is disclosed, see “—Note 10. Debt”. The carrying amountcontractual and regulatory asset retirement obligations and collateralize certain regulatory bonds associated with the offshore Southern California oil and gas properties. These restricted investments consist of the Company’s othermoney market deposit accounts which are held with credit-worthy financial instruments approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of the items or variable pricing.

institutions. Derivative financial instruments if held byare generally executed with major financial institutions that expose us to market and credit risks and which may, at times, be concentrated with certain counterparties. The credit worthiness of the Company, are presented in the consolidated balance sheets as either an asset or liability measured at estimated fair value. Changes in the derivative’s fair value are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations as gains and losses in the period of change. The gains or losses are recorded in “Gains on commodity derivative contracts—net.” The related cash flow impactcounterparties is reflected within cash flows from operating activities.subject to continual review. We rely upon netting arrangements with counterparties to reduce credit exposure.

Property and Equipment

Oil and Gas Properties

The Company uses the full-cost methodnatural gas are sold to a variety of accounting for its explorationpurchasers, including intrastate and development activities. Under this method of accounting, costs of both successfulinterstate pipelines or their marketing affiliates and unsuccessful exploration and development activitiesindependent marketing companies. Accounts receivable from joint operations are capitalized as property and equipment. This includes any internal costs that are directly related to exploration and development activities, but does not include any costs related to production, general corporate overhead or similar activities. Proceeds from the sale or dispositiona number of oil and natural gas companies, individuals and others who own interests in the properties are accounted for as a reduction to capitalized costs unless a significant portionoperated by us. Generally, operators of the Company’s reserve quantities are sold such that it results in a significant alteration of the relationship between capitalized costs and remaining proved reserves, in which case a gain or loss is generally recognized in income.

F-16



Table of Contents

Unevaluated Property

Oil and gas unevaluated properties and properties under development include costs that are not being depleted or amortized. These costs represent investments in unproved properties. The Company excludes these costs until proved reserves are found, until it is determined that the costs are impaired or until major development projects are placed in service, at which time the costs are moved intocrude oil and natural gas properties subjecthave the right to amortization. All unproved property costs are reviewed at least annuallyoffset future revenues against unpaid charges related to determine if impairment has occurred. In addition, impairment assessments are made for interim reporting periods if facts and circumstances exist that suggest impairment may have occurred. During any period in which impairment is indicated,operated wells, minimizing the accumulated costscredit risk associated with these receivables. An allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded after all reasonable efforts have been exhausted to collect or settle the impaired propertyamount owed. Any amounts outstanding longer than the contractual terms are transferred to proved properties, become part of our depletion base and become subject to the full cost ceiling limitation.

During 2015, the Company transferred the remaining unevaluated property balance consisting of $56.3considered past due. We recorded $1.5 million of Mississippian unevaluated property costs, $0.2 million of Anadarko Basin unevaluated property costs and $0.1 million of Gulf Coast unevaluated property costs to the full cost pool as a result of current pricing during 2015, its anticipated drilling plans and uncertainty regarding its ability to finance its future exploration activities at that time.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company transferred $58.0 million of unevaluated property to the full cost pool. As discussed below under “Impairment of Oil and Gas Properties/Ceiling Test” the Company’s strategy was refined during the fourth quarter of 2017 to focus on optimizing free cash flow, keeping leverage to a minimum and drilling only those locations that had the best probability of a reasonable rate of return under the new proved undeveloped type curve. Therefore, unevaluated property value not associated with the Company’s refined drilling focus were allocated to the full cost poolan allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2017.2020 and 2019.

If we were to lose any one of our customers, the loss could temporarily delay the production and the sale of oil and natural gas in the related producing region. If we were to lose any single customer, we believe that a substitute customer to purchase the impacted production volumes could be identified.

F-10


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

��

The following individual customers each accounted for 10% or more of total reported revenues for the period indicated:

 

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Major customers:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Phillips 66

23%

 

 

27%

 

Sinclair Oil & Gas Company

21%

 

 

21%

 

BP America Production Company

17%

 

 

13%

 

Oil and Natural Gas Properties

Oil and natural gas exploration, development and production activities are accounted for in accordance with the successful efforts method of accounting. Under this method, costs of acquiring properties, costs of drilling successful exploration wells and development costs are capitalized. The costs of exploratory wells are initially capitalized pending a determination of whether proved reserves have been found. At the completion of drilling activities, the costs of exploratory wells remain capitalized if determination is made that proved reserves have been found. If no proved reserves have been found, the costs of each of the related exploratory wells are charged to expense. In some cases, a determination of proved reserves cannot be made at the completion of drilling, requiring additional testing and evaluation of the wells. The costs of such exploratory wells are expensed if a determination of proved reserves has not been made within a twelve-month period after drilling is complete. Exploration costs such as geological, geophysical, seismic costs and delay rental payments attributable to unproved locations are expensed as incurred.

As exploration and development work progresses and the reserves on these properties are proven, capitalized costs attributed to the properties are subject to depreciation and depletion. Depletion of capitalized costs is provided using the units-of-production method based on proved oil and gas reserves related to the associated field. Capitalized drilling and development costs of producing oil and natural gas properties are depleted over proved developed reserves and leasehold costs are depleted over total proved reserves. Support equipment and facilities, which are primarily related to our Wyoming and California assets, are depreciated using the straight-line method generally based on estimated useful lives of twelve to twenty-four years.

On the sale or retirement of a complete or partial unit of a proved property or pipeline and related facilities, the cost and related accumulated depreciation, depletion, and amortization are removed from the property accounts, and any gain or loss is recognized.

There were 0 material capitalized exploratory drilling costs pending evaluation at December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Oil and Natural Gas Reserves

ProvedThe estimates of proved oil NGLs and natural gas reserves utilized in the preparation of the consolidated financial statementsConsolidated Financial Statements are estimated in accordance with the rules established by the SEC and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), which. These rules require that reserve estimates be prepared under existing economic and operating conditions using a trailing 12-month average price with no provision for price and cost escalations in future years except by contractual arrangements.

The development of the Company’s oil and natural gas reserve quantities require management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to the intent and ability to complete undeveloped proved reserves within a five-year development period, as prescribed by SEC guidelines. Additionally, none of our PUDs are scheduled to be developed on a date more than five years from the date the reserves were initially booked as PUD as prescribed by the SEC guidelines. PUDs are converted from undeveloped to developed as applicable wells begin production. We engaged Cawley, Gillespie and Associates, Inc. (“CG&A”), our independent reserve engineers, to prepare our reserves estimates for all of our estimated proved reserves at December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Reserve estimates are inherently imprecise. Accordingly, the estimates are expected to change as more current information becomes available. The Company depletes its oil and gas properties using the units-of-production method. Capitalized costs of oil and natural gas properties subject to amortization are depleted over proved reserves. It is possible that, because of changes in market conditions or the inherent imprecision of reserve estimates, the estimates of future cash inflows, future gross revenues, the amount of oil and natural gas reserves, the remaining estimated lives of oil and natural gas properties, or any combination of the above may be increased or reduced.decreased. Increases in recoverable economic volumes generally reduce per unit depletion rates while decreases in recoverable economic volumes generally increase per unit depletion rates.

Other Property & Equipment

ImpairmentOther property and equipment is stated at historical cost and is comprised primarily of Oilvehicles, furniture, fixtures, office build-out cost and Gas Properties/Ceiling Testcomputer hardware and software. Depreciation of other property and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method generally based on estimated useful lives of three to seven years.

F-11


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

The Company performs a full-cost ceiling test on a quarterly basis. The test establishes a limit, or ceiling, onRestricted Investments

Various restricted investment accounts fund certain long-term contractual and regulatory asset retirement obligations and collateralize certain regulatory bonds associated with the book value ofoffshore Southern California oil and gas properties. The capitalizedThese investments are classified as held-to-maturity and such investments are stated at amortized cost. Interest earned on these investments is included in interest expense, net in the statement of operations. These restricted investments may consist of money market deposit accounts and U.S. Government securities. See Note 8 and Note 16 for additional information.

Debt Issuance Costs

Debt issuance costs of proved oilare recorded in prepaid expenses and gas properties, net of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (“DD&A”) and the related deferred income taxes, may not exceed this ceiling. The ceiling limitation is equal to the sum of: (i) the present value of estimated future net revenues from the projected production of proved oil and gas reserves, excluding future cash outflows associated with settling asset retirement obligations accruedother current assets line item on the balance sheet calculatedand amortized over the term of the associated debt using the averagestraight-line method which generally approximates the effective yield method. Amortization expense, including write-off of debt issuance costs, for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was approximately $3.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

Impairments

Proved oil and natural gas sales prices received byproperties are reviewed for impairment when events and circumstances indicate the Company ascarrying value of such properties may not be recoverable. This may be due to a downward revision of the first trading day of each month overreserve estimates, less than expected production, drilling results, higher operating and development costs, or lower commodity prices. The estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected in connection with the preceding twelve months (such pricesproperty are held constant throughoutcompared to the lifecarrying value of the properties)property to determine if the carrying amount is recoverable. If the carrying value of the property exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, the carrying amount of the property is reduced to its estimated fair value using Level 3 inputs. The factors used to determine fair value include, but are not limited to, estimates of proved and probable reserves, future commodity prices, the timing of future production and capital expenditures and a discount factor of 10%; (ii)rate commensurate with the cost of unproved and unevaluated properties excluded from the costs being amortized; (iii) the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproved properties included in the costs being amortized; and (iv) related income tax effects. If capitalized costs exceed this ceiling, the excess is charged to expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

On November 1, 2017, David Sambrooks was appointed President and Chief Executive Officerrisk reflective of the Company. Upon David’s appointment,lives remaining for the Company began a strategic review of all areas of operations. This review was completed during the fourth quarter of 2017 and its strategy was refined to add further focus to optimizing free cash flows and keeping leverage to a minimum. As a result, in December of 2017 the Company decreased its current drilling activity from two drilling rigs to one drilling rig. Further, the five-year development plan was revised from a two-rig program to a one rig program. This change in strategy (reduced 5-year drilling activity) lead to a reduction in the Company’s undeveloped proved inventory under SEC guidelines from 274 locations at year end 2016 to 139 locations at year end 2017. In addition, at year end 2017 our proved undeveloped type curve was revised downward by the Company’s third-party reserves engineering firm and capital costs assumptions were revised upward, both as a result of recent drilling results. As a result of the Company’s

F-17



Table of Contents

focus on optimizing free cash flow, keeping leverage to a minimum and optimizing drilling returns, all proved undeveloped reserves included in the December 31, 2017 reserve report are focused on infill drilling in the Carmen and Dacoma areas. All undeveloped locations not able to be drilled utilizing the Company’s anticipated five-year development schedule were excluded from the December 31, 2017 reserve report but continue to meet the definition of a proved undeveloped location from an engineering standpoint. The Company recorded an impairment ofrespective oil and gas properties. We recorded $427.6 million of impairment expense related to our proved properties of $125.3 million primarily as a result offor the exclusion of proved undeveloped reserves not associated with infill drilling in the Carmen and Dacoma areas from itsyear ended December 31, 2017 reserve report.2020. NaN impairment expense related to our proved properties was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Unproved oil and natural gas properties are reviewed for impairment based on time or geologic factors. Information such as drilling results, reservoir performance, seismic interpretation or future plans to develop acreage is also considered. When unproved property investments are deemed to be impaired, the expense is reported in impairment expense.

We recognized $49.3 million and $2.2 million in impairment expense related to our unproved properties for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2017,2020 the Predecessor Periodimpairment was related to expiring leases and the evaluation of qualitative and quantitative factors related to the current decline in commodity prices. For the year ended December 31, 2015,2019, the Company recordedimpairment was for certain unproved leasehold costs.

Significant declines in commodity prices, further changes to the Company’s drilling or development plans, reduction of proved and probable reserve estimates, or increases in drilling or operating costs could result in other additional future impairments ofto proved and unproved oil and gas properties of $125.3 million, $232.1 million and $1.6 billion, respectively. During the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015,properties.

Asset Retirement Obligations

An asset retirement obligation associated with retiring long-lived assets is recognized as a significant and sustained declineliability on a discounted basis in the averageperiod in which the legal obligation is incurred and becomes determinable, with an equal amount capitalized as an addition to oil and natural gas sales price utilized in calculating the present value of estimated future net revenues from projected production of oil and gas reserves was the primary factor that ledproperties, which is allocated to the full-cost ceiling impairments.

Depletion

Depletion of oil and gas properties is calculated using the units of production method (“UOP”). The UOP calculation, in its simplest terms, multiplies the percentage of estimated proved reserves produced by the cost of those reserves. The result is to recognize expense at the same pace that the reserves are estimated to be depleting. The amortization base in the UOP calculation includes the sum of proved property costs net of accumulated depletion, estimated future development costs (future costs to access and develop proved reserves) and asset retirement costs that are not already included in oil and gas property, less related salvage value.

Capitalized Interest

Interest is capitalized for certain unevaluated oil and gas properties with ongoing development activities using the weighted-average cost of outstanding borrowings, which also includes the amortization of debt costs. Capitalized interest is depleted over the useful liveslife of the assets in the same manner as the depletion of the underlying assets.

Other Property and Equipment

Other property and equipment consists of vehicles, furniture and fixtures, and computer hardware and software and is carried at cost. Depreciation is provided principally using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which primarily range from two to ten years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, while renewals and betterments are capitalized.

Accrued Liabilities

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

December 31, 2016

 

Accrued oil and gas capital expenditures

 

$

9,081

 

$

6,118

 

Accrued revenue and royalty distributions

 

18,701

 

28,262

 

Accrued lease operating and workover expense

 

5,150

 

8,932

 

Accrued interest

 

108

 

254

 

Accrued taxes

 

2,758

 

2,537

 

Compensation and benefit related accruals

 

4,520

 

3,516

 

Other

 

2,524

 

4,112

 

Accrued liabilities

 

$

42,842

 

$

53,731

 

Asset Retirement Obligations

The legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets are recognized at the time that the obligation is incurred.

Oilasset. Generally, oil and gas producing companies incur such a liability upon drillingacquiring or acquiringdrilling a well. The Company estimatesAccretion expense is recognized over time as the amountdiscounted liabilities are accreted to their expected settlement value. Upon settlement of anthe liability, a gain or loss is recognized in net income (loss) to the extent the actual costs differ from the recorded liability. See Note 7 for further discussion of asset retirement obligationobligations.

Book Overdrafts

Book overdrafts, representing outstanding checks in excess of funds on deposit, are classified as accounts payable and the change in the periodrelated balance is reflected in whichoperating activities in the obligationstatement of cash flows.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue from the sale of oil and natural gas is incurred and can be reliably measured. The corresponding asset retirement cost is capitalized by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. The liability is accreted to its then present value each period, and the capitalized cost is depleted over the useful life of the related asset. If the liability is settled for an amount other than the recorded amount, any adjustment is recorded to the full cost pool. See “—Note 9. Asset Retirement Obligations”.

F-18



Table of Contents

Share-Based Compensation

The Company measures share-based compensation cost at fair value and generally recognizes the corresponding compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the service period during which awards are expected to vest for periods prior to the Effective Date. For periods subsequent to the Effective Date, the Company recognizes compensation expense on graded and straight-line vesting basis. Share-based compensation expense,recognized when title passes, net of amounts capitalizedroyalties due to oil and gas properties, is included in “General and administrative” expense in our consolidated statements of operations and “Accrued liabilities” in our consolidated balance sheets. See “—Note 12. Equity and Share-Based Compensation”.

Revenue Recognition

third parties. Oil NGLs and natural gas revenues are recognized when production is sold to a purchaser at a fixed or determinable price, when delivery has occurred, title has transferred and collection of the revenues is reasonably assured. Cash received relating to future revenues is deferred and recognized when all revenue recognition criteria are met.

The Company followsrecorded using the sales method. Under this method, revenues are recognized based on actual volumes of accounting for oil NGLs and natural gas revenues, whereby revenue is recognized for all oil, NGLs and natural gas sold to purchasers, regardless of whether the sales are proportionate to the Company’sour ownership interest in the property. Production imbalances are recognized asAn asset or a liability is recognized to the extent there is an imbalance on a specific property exceedsin excess of the Company’sproportionate share of the remaining provedrecoverable reserves on the underlying properties. No significant imbalances existed at December 31, 2020 and 2019.

F-12


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Derivative Instruments

Commodity derivative financial instruments (e.g., swaps, collars and puts) are used to reduce the impact of natural gas and oil price fluctuations. Every derivative instrument is recorded on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at its fair value. Changes in the derivative’s fair value are recognized in earnings as we have not elected hedge accounting for any of our derivative positions.

Capitalized Interest

We capitalize interest costs to oil and gas reserves. The Companyproperties on expenditures made in connection with certain projects such as drilling and completion of new oil and natural gas wells and major facility installations. Interest is capitalized only for the period that such activities are in progress. Interest is capitalized using a weighted average interest rate based on our outstanding borrowings. These capitalized costs are included with intangible drilling costs and amortized using the units of production method. We had no significant imbalances at$0.2 million in capitalized interest for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 or 2015.2020 and 2019, respectively.

Income Tax

Beginning January 1, 2018,We are a corporation subject to federal and certain state income taxes.

We use the FASB Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09 becomes effectiveasset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the Company. See “Recent Accounting Pronouncements” below for further information.

Acquisition and Transaction Costs

Acquisition and transaction related costs are expensed as incurred and as services are received. Such costs include finders’ fees, advisory, legal, accounting, valuation and other professional and consulting fees, and acquisition related general and administrative costs. Costs incurred in 2015 relate to the Dequincy Divestiture. See “—Note 8. Acquisition and Divestituresfuture tax consequences of Oil and Gas Properties”.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are recorded for(1) temporary differences between the tax effectsbasis of transactionsassets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements and consist of taxes currently payable plus deferred income taxes related to certain income(2) operating loss and expenses recognized in different periods for financial and income tax reporting purposes.credit carryforwards. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities representare based on enacted tax rates applicable to the future tax return consequences ofperiod when those temporary differences which will either be taxable or deductible when assets are recovered or liabilities are settled. Deferred income taxes also include tax credits and net operating losses that are available to offset future income taxes. Deferred income taxes are measured by applying currently enacted tax rates.

The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes for tax positions taken or expected to be taken inrecovered or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of deferred tax assets will not be realized.

We recognize a tax return. Onlybenefit from an uncertain tax positionsposition when it is more likely than not that meet the more-than-likely-than-not recognition threshold are recognized.

In Decemberposition will be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensiveposition. The tax legislation that includes significant changesbenefit recorded is equal to the taxationlargest amount that is greater than 50% likely to be realized through effective settlement with a taxing authority. We recognize interest and penalties accrued to unrecognized tax benefits in other income (expense) in our Statement of business entities, including, among other provisions, a permanent reduction toConsolidated Operations. Although we believe our assumptions, judgements and estimates are reasonable, changes in tax laws or our interpretation of tax laws and the corporateresolution of any tax audits could significantly impact the amounts provided for income tax rate. We will continue to monitor guidancetaxes in our consolidated financial statements.

Earnings (loss) Per Share

Basic and update account policies and procedures as needed. See “—Note 13. Income Taxes.”

Income (Loss) Per Share

Net incomediluted earnings (loss) per common share (“EPS”) is calculated utilizing the two-class methoddetermined by dividing net income (loss) available to the common shareholdersstockholders by the weighted average number of commonoutstanding shares outstanding during eachthe period. Diluted net incomeearnings (loss) per common share is calculated under the two-class method and the treasury stock method by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholdersstockholders by the weighted average number of diluted common shares outstanding, which includes the effect of potentially dilutive securities. Potentially dilutive securities for the diluted net income (loss) per share calculations consist of unvested restricted stock awards, warrants and outstanding stock options for the Successor Period. Potentially dilutive securities for the diluted net income (loss) per share calculations consist of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock using the if-converted method (in periods prior to the Preferred Stock’s mandatory conversion date) and unvested restricted stock awards for the Predecessor Period. When a loss from continuing operations exists, all potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive and are therefore excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss)earnings per share. See “—Note 14. Income (Loss) Per Share.”11 for additional information.

Equity Compensation

F-19



TableThe fair value of Contentsequity-classified awards (e.g., restricted common unit awards, restricted stock units or stock options) is amortized to earnings over the requisite service or vesting period. Compensation expense for liability-classified awards (e.g., phantom units awards) are recognized over the requisite service or vesting period of an award based on the fair value of the award re-measured at each reporting period. We currently have awards subject to performance criteria; such awards would vest when it is probable that the performance criteria will be met and the requisite service period has been met. Generally, no compensation expense is recognized for equity instruments that do not vest. See Note 12 for further information.

Lease Recognition

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014,February 2016, the FASB issued guidance regarding the accounting for leases. The FASB retained a dual model, requiring leases to be classified as either direct financing or operating leases. The classification will be based on criteria that are similar to the current lease accounting treatment. The Company is the lessee under various agreements for office space, compressors, equipment, vehicles and surface rentals (right of use assets) that are currently accounted for as operating leases.

F-13


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Company applied the revised lease rules for our interim and annual reporting periods starting January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach with a cumulative impact to retained earnings in that period, and including several optional practical expedients relating to leases commenced before the effective date. The practical expedients the Company adopted are: (1) the original correct assessment of a contract containing a lease will be accepted without further review on all existing or expired contracts; (2) the original lease classification as an operating lease will convert as an operating lease under the new guidance; (3) initial direct costs for any existing leases will not be reassessed; (4) existing land easements or right of use agreements will continue under current accounting policy and only new agreements will be evaluated in the future; and (5) short-term leases for twelve months or less will not be evaluated under the guidance.

See Note 13 for additional information regarding the adoption of the leases standard.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, “RevenuePronouncements

Current Expected Credit Losses

In May 2019, the FASB issued an accounting standard update to provide entities with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option applied on an instrument-by-instrument basis for certain financial assets upon the adoption of the guidance. The fair value option election does not apply to held-to-maturity debt securities. The Company adopted the guidance as of January 1, 2020. The Company has evaluated the impact of this guidance and concluded that the current and historical evaluation of estimated credit losses falls within the acceptable guidance.

The provisions of the standard were interpreted to relate only to the Company’s accounts receivable, net. Trade receivables relate to one common pool, revenue earned on the sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids. The performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time and revenue is recognized and a trade receivable is recorded from Contractsthe sale when production is delivered to, and title has transferred to, the purchaser. The majority of the Company’s purchasers have been large major companies in the industry with Customers (Topic 606)the wherewithal to pay.

The Company, as operator on most of our wells, also records receivables on billings to our joint interest owners who participate in the operating costs of the wells they have an interest in. Historically, an allowance for doubtful accounts has been set up to recognize credit losses on joint interest billing (“ASU 2014-09”JIB”) receivables based upon an aging analysis, which is an appropriate method to estimate credit losses under the guidance. The Company will continue to assess the expected credit loss in the future as economic conditions change. Considering the recent drop in commodity prices, we believe the majority of our revenue purchasers have the size and financial condition to currently meet their obligations. There could be added risk on the JIB accounts receivable as some wells could become uneconomic, with the revenue not enough to cover operating expenses billed, which could result in additional write-offs. The Company will continue to closely monitor trade receivables. Based upon the analysis performed there was no impact to beginning retained earnings upon the adoption of the guidance. The Company’s monitoring activities include timely account reconciliation and balances are written off when determined to be uncollectible. The Company considered the market conditions surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic and determined that the estimate of credit losses was not significantly impacted.

Fair Value Measurement. ASU 2014-09In August 2018, the FASB issued an amendment to modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. Certain disclosure requirements were removed, modified and added and primarily relate to Level 3 hierarchy measurements and changes to non-public entities disclosures. The guidance is effective for all entities for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The adoption of this guidance had no material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Income Taxes – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. In December 2019, the FASB issued an accounting standards update which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. This accounting standards update removes the following exceptions: (i) exception to the incremental approach for intraperiod tax allocation when there is a loss continuing operations and income or a gain from other items; (ii) exception to the requirements to recognize a deferred tax liability for equity method investments when a foreign subsidiary becomes an equity method investment; (iii) exception to the ability not to recognize a deferred tax liability for a foreign subsidiary when a foreign equity method investment becomes a subsidiary; and (iv) exception to the general methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. The amendments in the accounting standards update also improve consistency and simplify other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company is expecting to adopt the guidance January 1, 2021, with all of the anticipated and applicable effects to be required on a prospective basis. The adoption of this guidance does not expect to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

F-14


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Reference Rate Reform. In March 2020, the FASB issued an accounting standard update which provides optional expedientsand expectations for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions to ease financial reporting burdens to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate to alternative reference rates. The amendments in this accounting standards update are effective beginning March 12, 2020, and an entity may elect to apply the amendments prospectively through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance concerningmay have on the recognitionCompany’s consolidated financial statements.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and measurement of revenuecash flows.

Note 3. Revenues

Revenue from contracts with customers. customers

The objectiveCompany has determined that its contracts for the sale of ASU 2014-09 iscrude oil, unprocessed natural gas, residue gas and NGLs contain monthly performance obligations to increase the usefulness of informationdeliver product at locations specified in the financial statements regardingcontract. Control is transferred at the nature, timingdelivery location, at which point the performance obligation has been satisfied and uncertainty of revenues. ASU 2014-09 requires an entity to perform the following steps:

Step 1— Identifyrevenue is recognized. Fees included in the contract with a customer: A contract between two or more parties creates enforceable rightsthat are incurred prior to control transfer are classified as gathering, processing and obligations. A contract that identifies the relevant partiestransportation and has been approved by those parties, identifies the payment terms, has commercial substance and results in a probable collection of future consideration meets the definition of ASU 2014-09.

Step 2—Identify the performance obligations in the contract: A performance obligation is effectively a promise in a contract with a customer to transfer goods or services to the customer. If an entity promises to transfer more than one good or service to the customer, each performance obligation is accounted for separately if such performance obligationsfees incurred after control transfers are distinct, as defined under ASU 2014-09.

Step 3—Determine the transaction price: The amount of consideration an entity expects to be entitled toincluded as a result of performing servicesreduction to a customer or transferring goods to a customer is the transaction price. The transaction price takes into accountat which revenue is recognized consists entirely of variable consideration the existence of significant financing component, noncash considerationbased on quoted market prices less various fees and the typequantity of consideration payablevolumes delivered.

Oil and natural gas revenues are recorded using the sales method. Under this method, revenues are recognized based on actual volumes of oil and natural gas sold to purchasers, regardless of whether the sales are proportionate to our ownership in the property. An asset or a liability is recognized to the entity.

Step 4—Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligationsextent there is an imbalance in the contract: An entity should allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in an amount that represents the amountexcess of the entity expects to be entitled to for satisfying each performance obligation.

Step 5—Recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance obligation: An entity recognizes revenue when, or as, it satisfies a performance obligation. A performance obligation can be satisfied over time or at a point in time. ASU 2014-09 provides criteria for determining the appropriate classification of each performance obligation.

Throughout 2015 and 2016, the FASB has issued a series of subsequent updates to the revenue recognition guidance in Topic 606, including ASU No. 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferralproportionate share of the Effective Date” ASU No. 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations”, ASU No. 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligationsremaining recoverable reserves on the underlying properties. No significant imbalances existed at December 31, 2020 and Licensing”, ASU No. 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients” and ASU No. 2016-20, “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. ASU 2014-09 and the associated amendments mentioned above will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period.2019.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company completed its assessment of ASU 2014-09 during the fourth quarter of 2017. The primary impact to the Company’s revenues as the result of adopting ASU 2014-09 will be the netting of certain deductions and costs, such as transportation and gathering expenses, againstWe have identified three material revenue instead of its historical practice of presenting such expenses gross. For example, revenues fromstreams in our business: oil, natural gas and NGLNGLs. The following table present our revenues disaggregated by revenue stream.

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil

$

138,273

 

 

$

192,944

 

NGLs

$

20,064

 

 

$

22,347

 

Natural gas

$

42,551

 

 

$

59,316

 

Oil and natural gas sales

$

200,888

 

 

$

274,607

 

Contract Balances

Under our sales contracts, we invoice customers once our performance obligations have been satisfied, at which point payment is unconditional. Accordingly, our contracts do not give rise to contract assets or liabilities. Accounts receivable attributable to our revenue contracts with customers was $25.6 million and $31.9 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations

For our contracts that have a contract term greater than one year, we have utilized the practical expedient in ASC 606, which states that a company is not required to disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the variable consideration is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation. Under our contracts, each unit of product delivered to the customer represents a separate performance obligation; therefore, future volumes are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not required. For our contracts that have a contract term of one year or less, we have utilized the practical expedient in ASC 606, which states that a company is not required to disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

F-15


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 4. Acquisitions and Divestitures

The third party acquisitions discussed below were accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. Accordingly, we conducted assessments of net assets acquired and recognized amounts for identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated acquisition date fair values, while acquisition costs associated with the acquisitions were expensed as incurred. The operating revenues and expenses of acquired properties are included in the accompanying financial statements from their respective closing dates forward. The transactions were financed through capital contributions and borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

The fair values of oil and natural gas properties are measured using valuation techniques that convert future cash flows to a single discounted amount. Significant inputs to the valuation of oil and natural properties include estimates of: (i) economic reserves; (ii) future operating and development costs; (iii) future commodity prices; and (iv) a market-based weighted average cost of capital.

Acquisition and Divestiture related expenses

Acquisition and divestiture related expenses for third party transactions are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operations for the periods indicated below (in thousands):

For the Year Ended

 

December 31,

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

$

1,092

 

 

$

17,305

 

There were no material acquisition or divestitures during the year ended December 31, 2020. The acquisition expenses incurred for the year ended December 31, 2017 would have been $15.8 million lower under ASU 2014-09,2019 were primarily related to the Merger discussed below.

Business Combination

As discussed in Note 2, the most significant assumptions in a business combination include those used to estimate the fair value of the oil and gas properties acquired. The fair value measurements of the oil and natural gas properties acquired, and asset retirement obligations assumed were derived utilizing an income approach and based, in part, on significant inputs not observable in the market. These inputs represent Level 3 measurements in the fair value hierarchy and include, but are not limited to, estimates of reserves, future operating and development costs, estimated future cash flows and appropriate discount rates. These inputs required significant judgments and estimates at the time of the valuation.

Merger

On May 5, 2019, Midstates, Legacy Amplify and Merger Sub entered into the Merger Agreement pursuant to which, Merger Sub merged with an offsetting decrease to total expenses.

The implementation of ASU 2014-09 will not impactand into Legacy Amplify, with Legacy Amplify surviving the Company’s timing of revenue recognition, financial position, net income or cash flows. The Company does not anticipate a material cumulative effect adjustment on January 1, 2018Merger as a resultwholly owned subsidiary of adopting ASU 2014-09. The Company also completed its evaluationMidstates. At the effective time of information technologythe Merger, each share of Legacy Amplify common stock issued and internal control changes that will be required for adoption based onoutstanding immediately prior to the its contract review process, which primarily requiredeffective time (other than excluded shares) were cancelled and converted into the remappingright to receive 0.933 shares of certain accounts utilized for tracking these deduction and expenses along with enhanced reviews of any new revenue contracts or modifications to existing revenue contracts. The Company will apply the modified retrospective approach upon adoption of this standard onMidstates common stock, par value $0.01 per share. On August 6, 2019, the effective date of January 1, 2018.the Merger, Midstates changed its name to “Amplify Energy Corp.”

Purchase Price Allocation

The Merger had been accounted for using the acquisition method, with Legacy Amplify treated as the acquirer for accounting purposes. The following table represents the allocation of the total purchase price of Midstates to the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the fair values as of the acquisition date.

F-16


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

Purchase Price Allocation

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Consideration:

 

 

 

Fair value of Midstates common stock issued in the Merger (a)

$

90,150

 

Fair value of Midstates warrants issued in the Merger

 

2

 

Value of shares to be issued

 

90,152

 

Fair value of Legacy Amplify restricted share consideration

 

832

 

Fair value of Legacy Amplify PSU consideration

 

557

 

Total consideration

$

91,541

 

 

 

 

 

Fair value of liabilities assumed:

 

 

 

Current liabilities

$

24,135

 

Long-term debt

 

76,559

 

Long-term asset retirement obligation

 

9,440

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

5,067

 

Amounts attributable to liabilities assumed

$

115,201

 

 

 

 

 

Fair value of assets acquired:

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

$

19,250

 

Other current assets

 

17,862

 

Oil and natural gas properties

 

149,421

 

Other property and equipment

 

1,694

 

Long-term asset retirement cost

 

9,440

 

Other non-current assets

 

9,075

 

Amounts attributable to assets acquired

$

206,742

 

 

 

 

 

Total identifiable net assets

$

91,541

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset

(a)

Based on 20,415,005 Midstates common shares issued at closing at $4.12 per share (closing price as of August 6, 2019).

We included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations revenue of $31.8 million, direct operating expenses of $34.0 million, and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. All leases create an asset and a liabilityother expenses of $0.4 million, for the lessee and therefore recognitionOklahoma properties acquired through the Merger for the period of those lease assets and lease liabilities is required by ASU 2016-02. When measuring lease assets and liabilities, payments to be made in optional extension periods should be included ifAugust 6, 2019 through December 31, 2019.

During the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise the option. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement.

F-20



Table of Contents

For finance leases,three months ended September 30, 2019, the Company will recognizecompleted an analysis of Midstates’ asset retirement obligations as of the acquisition date. Based on this analysis, the Company recorded a ROUmeasurement period adjustment of $0.9 million to increase the asset retirement obligations liability.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the Company completed an analysis of Midstates’ leases under ASC 842 as of the acquisition date. Based on this analysis, the Company recorded an operating lease right of use asset and liability initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. Interest expense will be recognized on the lease liability separately from the amortization of the ROU asset. The Company will recognize payments of principal on the lease liability within financing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows and payments of interest within operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. For operating leases, the Company will recognize a ROU asset and liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. The Company will recognize a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis and all cash payments will be recognized in operating activities within the consolidated statement of cash flows.approximately $0.3 million.

Unaudited Pro Forma Financials

The new standardfollowing unaudited pro forma financial information for the year ended December 31, 2019, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018,based on our historical consolidated financial statements adjusted to reflect as if the Merger had occurred on January 1, 2018. The information below reflects pro forma adjustments based on available information and certain assumptions that we believe are reasonable, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approachadjustments to the estimated tax impact of pro forma adjustments. The unaudited pro forma financial information is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after,not necessarily indicative of what actually would have occurred if the acquisition had been completed as of the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented, in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The Companynor is in the initial evaluation and planning stages for ASU 2016-02.it necessarily indicative of future results.

 

For the Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2019

 

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per unit amounts)

 

Revenues

$

336,326

 

Net income (loss)

 

(22,926

)

Earnings per share:

 

 

 

Basic

$

(0.78

)

Diluted

$

(0.78

)

F-17


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows — Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments” (“ASU 2016-15”). ASU 2016-15 addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing existing diversity of practice. The eight specific cash flow issues contained within ASU 2016-15 are debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investees, beneficial interests in securitization transactions and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. ASU 2016-15 is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not believe the adoption of ASU 2016-15 will have a material impact on its cash flows.

In July 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-11, “Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)” (“ASU 2017-11”). ASU 2011-17 changes the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features. The amendments require entities that present earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with Topic 260 to recognize the effect of the down round feature when triggered with the effect treated as a dividend and as a reduction of income available to common shareholders in basic EPS. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not believe the adoption of ASU 2017-11 will have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Note 5. Fair Value Measurements of Financial Instruments

The Company usesFair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a valuation framework based upon inputs thatliability in an orderly transaction between market participants at a specified measurement date. Fair value estimates are based on either (i) actual market data or (ii) assumptions that other market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, which are classified into two categories:including estimates of risk. A three-tier hierarchy has been established that classifies fair value amounts recognized or disclosed in the financial statements. The hierarchy considers fair value amounts based on observable inputs (Levels 1 and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs represent market data obtained from independent sources; whereas,2) to be more reliable and predictable than those based primarily on unobservable inputs reflect a company’s own market assumptions, which are used if observable inputs are not reasonably available without undue cost and effort. These two types(Level 3). The characteristics of inputs are further divided into the following fair value input hierarchy:amounts classified within each level of the hierarchy are described as follows:

·Level 1Inputs are unadjusted Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. An active market is one in which transactions for the assets or liabilities at the measurement date.occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

·Level 2Inputs, other than quotedQuoted prices included in Level 1,markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability. Fair value assets and liabilities that are generally included in this category are commodity derivative contracts. Commodity derivative contract fair values are determined using industry-standard models that consider various assumptions including current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, implied volatility, time value, nonperformance risk, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these inputs are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the derivative instrument, and can be derived from observable data, or are supported by observable data.levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, all of the derivative instruments reflected on the accompanying balance sheets were considered Level 2.

·Level 3Inputs Measure based on prices or valuation models that require inputs that are unobservableboth significant to the fair value measurement and are less observable from objective sources (i.e., supported by little or no market activity).

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents (Level 1), accounts receivables, accounts payables (including accrued liabilities) and amounts outstanding under long-term debt agreements with variable rates included in the accompanying balance sheets approximated fair value at December 31, 2020 and 2019. The fair value estimates are based upon observable market data and are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. These assets and liabilities are not presented in the following tables. See Note 9 for the asset or liability,estimated fair value of our outstanding fixed-rate debt.

The fair market values of the derivative financial instruments reflected on the balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and include situations where thereDecember 31, 2019 were based on estimated forward commodity prices (including nonperformance risk). Nonperformance risk is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.

Assetsrisk that the obligation related to the derivative instrument will not be fulfilled. Financial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of the fair value of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.

The following table presents the derivative assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 for each of the fair value hierarchy levels:

F-21


 

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2020 Using

 

 

Quoted Prices in

 

 

Significant Other

 

 

Significant

 

 

 

 

 

 

Active Market

 

 

Observable Inputs

 

 

Unobservable Inputs

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Level 1)

 

 

(Level 2)

 

 

(Level 3)

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commodity derivatives

$

0

 

 

$

15,449

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

15,449

 

Interest rate derivatives

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Total assets

$

0

 

 

$

15,449

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

15,449

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commodity derivatives

$

0

 

 

$

23,495

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

23,495

 

Interest rate derivatives

 

0

 

 

 

2,752

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

2,752

 

Total liabilities

$

0

 

 

$

26,247

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

26,247

 


Table of Contents

 

F-18


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2019 Using

 

 

Quoted Prices in

 

 

Significant Other

 

 

Significant

 

 

 

 

 

 

Active Market

 

 

Observable Inputs

 

 

Unobservable Inputs

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Level 1)

 

 

(Level 2)

 

 

(Level 3)

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commodity derivatives

$

0

 

 

$

18,509

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

18,509

 

Interest rate derivatives

 

0

 

 

 

595

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

595

 

Total assets

$

0

 

 

$

19,104

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

19,104

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commodity derivatives

$

0

 

 

$

6,861

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

6,861

 

Interest rate derivatives

 

0

 

 

 

558

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

558

 

Total liabilities

$

0

 

 

$

7,419

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

7,419

 

See Note 6 for additional information regarding our derivative instruments.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a RecurringNonrecurring Basis

Certain assets and liabilities are reported at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as reflected on the balance sheets. The following methods and assumptions are used to estimate the fair values:

The fair value of asset retirement obligations (“AROs”) is based on discounted cash flow projections using numerous estimates, assumptions, and judgments regarding such factors as the existence of a legal obligation for an ARO; amounts and timing of settlements; the credit-adjusted risk-free rate; and inflation rates. The initial fair value estimates are based on unobservable market data and are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. See Note 7 for a summary of changes in AROs.

If sufficient market data is not available, the determination of the fair values of proved and unproved properties acquired in transactions accounted for as business combinations are prepared by utilizing estimates of discounted cash flow projections. The factors to determine fair value include, but are not limited to, estimates of: (i) economic reserves; (ii) future operating and development costs; (iii) future commodity prices; and (iv) a market-based weighted average cost of capital. The fair value of supporting equipment, such as plant assets, acquired in transactions accounted for as business combinations is commonly estimated using the depreciated replacement cost approach.

Proved oil and natural gas properties are reviewed for impairment when events and circumstances indicate the carrying value of such properties may not be recoverable. The Company uses an income approach based on the discounted cash flow method, whereby the present value of expected future net cash flows are discounted by applying an appropriate discount rate, for purposes of placing a fair value on the assets. The future cash flows are based on management’s estimates for the future. The unobservable inputs used to determine fair value include, but are not limited to, estimates of proved reserves, estimates of probable reserves, future commodity prices, the timing of future production and capital expenditures and a discount rate commensurate with the risk reflective of the lives remaining for the respective oil and gas properties (some of which are Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy).

(i)

We recognized $427.6 million of impairment expense on our proved oil and natural gas properties for the year ended December 31, 2020. These impairments related to certain properties located in East Texas, the Rockies, offshore Southern California and the Eagle Ford. The estimated future cash flows expected from these properties were compared to their carrying values and determined to be unrecoverable primarily as a result of declining commodity prices. The impairments were due to a decline in the value of estimated proved reserves based on declining commodity prices.

Unproved oil and natural gas properties are reviewed for impairment based on time or geologic factors. Information such as drilling results, reservoir performance, seismic interpretation or future plans to develop acreage is also considered.

(i)

We recognized $49.3 million of impairment expense on unproved properties for the year ended December 31, 2020, which was related to expiring leases and the evaluation of qualitative and quantitative factors related to the current decline in commodity prices.

(ii)

We recognized a $2.2 million impairment expense on unproved properties for the year ended December 31, 2019, which was related to certain unproved leasehold costs in Oklahoma due to changes in development plans in the areas of Alfalfa, Major and Woods counties in Oklahoma.

F-19


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Derivative Instruments

Commodity derivative contracts reflected in the consolidated balance sheets are recorded at estimated fair value. At December 31, 2017, all of the Company’s commodity derivative contracts were with four bank counterparties and were classified as Level 2 in the fair value input hierarchy. The Company did not have any open commodity derivative contract positions at December 31, 2016.

Derivative instruments listed below are presented gross and include swaps and collars that are carried at fair value. The Company records the net change in the fair value of these positions in “Gains on commodity derivative contracts — net” in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

 

 

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2017

 

 

 

 

 

Significant Other

 

Significant

 

 

 

 

 

Quoted Prices in Active
Markets (Level 1)

 

Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

Total

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Derivative Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commodity derivative oil swaps

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

Commodity derivative gas swaps

 

$

 

$

821

 

$

 

$

821

 

Commodity derivative oil collars

 

$

 

$

952

 

$

 

$

952

 

Commodity derivative gas collars

 

$

 

$

2,611

 

$

 

$

2,611

 

Total assets

 

$

 

$

4,384

 

$

 

$

4,384

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commodity derivative oil swaps

 

$

 

$

(3,679

)

$

 

$

(3,679

)

Commodity derivative gas swaps

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

Commodity derivative oil collars

 

$

 

$

(2,605

)

$

 

$

(2,605

)

Commodity derivative gas collars

 

$

 

$

(1,333

)

$

 

$

(1,333

)

Total liabilities

 

$

 

$

(7,617

)

$

 

$

(7,617

)

At December 31, 2016, the Company did not have any open commodity derivative contract positions.

Note 6. Risk Management and Derivative Instruments

The Company’s production is exposedDerivative instruments are utilized to manage exposure to commodity price fluctuations and achieve a more predictable cash flow in crude oil, NGLs andconnection with natural gas prices. The Company believes it is prudentand oil sales from production. These transactions limit exposure to managedeclines in prices, but also limit the variability in cash flows by, at times, entering into derivative financial instruments to economically hedge a portion of its crude and natural gas production. The Company utilizes various types of derivative financial instruments to manage fluctuations in cash flows resulting from changes in commodity prices.benefits that would be realized if prices increase.

·                  Swaps: The Company receives or pays a fixed price for theCertain inherent business risks are associated with commodity and pays or receives a floating market price to the counterparty. The fixed-price payment and the floating-price payment are netted, resulting in a net amount due to or from the counterparty.

·                  Collars: A collar contains a fixed floor price (put) and a fixed ceiling price (call). If the market price exceeds the call strike price or falls below the put strike price, the Company receives the fixed price and pays the market price. If the market price is between the call and the put strike price, no payments are due from either party.

·                  Three-way collars: A three-way collar contains a fixed floor price (long put), fixed sub-floor price (short put), and a fixed ceiling price (short call). If the market price exceeds the ceiling strike price, the Company receives the ceiling strike price and pays the market price. If the market price is between the ceiling and the floor strike price, no payments are due from either party. If the market price is below the floor price but above the sub-floor price, the Company receives the floor strike price and pays the market price. If the market price is below the sub-floor price, the Company receives the market price plus the difference between the floor and the sub-floor strike prices and pays the market price.

Theseinterest derivative contracts, are placed with major financial institutions that the Company believes are minimal credit risks. The crude oil and natural gas reference prices upon which the commodity derivative contracts are based reflect various market indices that management believes correlates with actual prices received by the Company for its crude and natural gas production.

F-22



Table of Contents

Inherent in the Company’s portfolio of commodity derivative contracts are certain business risks, including market risk and credit risk. Market risk is the risk that the price of the commoditynatural gas or oil will change, either favorably or unfavorably, in response to changing market conditions. Credit risk is the risk of loss from nonperformance by the Company’s counterparty to a contract. The Company doesIt is our policy to enter into derivative contracts, only with creditworthy counterparties, which generally are financial institutions, deemed by management as competent and competitive market makers. Some of the lenders, or certain of their affiliates, under our previous and current credit agreement are counterparties to our derivative contracts. While collateral is generally not require collateral from itsrequired to be posted by counterparties, but does attempt to minimize its credit risk associated with derivative instruments is minimized by limiting exposure to any single counterparty and entering into derivative instruments only with creditworthy counterparties that are generally large financial institutions, which management believes present minimal credit risk. In addition,institutions. Additionally, master netting agreements are used to mitigate its risk of loss due to default the Company haswith counterparties on derivative instruments. We have also entered into agreementsInternational Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreements (“ISDA Agreements”) with itseach of our counterparties. The terms of the ISDA Agreements provide us and each of our counterparties with rights of its derivative instruments that allowset-off upon the Company to offset its asset position with its liability position in the eventoccurrence of defined acts of default by either us or our counterparty to a derivative, whereby the counterparty. Dueparty not in default may set-off all liabilities owed to the defaulting party against all net derivative asset receivables from the defaulting party. At December 31, 2020, after taking into effect netting arrangements, we had the Company’sno counterparty exposure related to our derivative instruments. As a result, had all counterparties failed completely to perform according to the terms of the existing contracts, we would have the right to offset $2.1 million against amounts outstanding under existing commodity derivative contractsour Revolving Credit Facility at December 31, 2017,2020. See Note 9 for additional information regarding our Revolving Credit Facility.

Commodity Derivatives

A combination of commodity derivatives (e.g., floating-for-fixed swaps, put options, costless collars, and three-way collars) is used to manage exposure to commodity price volatility.

In April 2020, the Company would not have experiencedmonetized a loss.portion of its 2021 crude oil hedges for total cash proceeds of approximately $18.0 million.

Commodity Derivative Contracts

The Company has enteredWe enter into various oil and natural gas derivative contracts that extend through December 2019, summarized as follows:are indexed to NYMEX Henry Hub. We also enter into oil derivative contracts indexed to either NYMEX WTI or Inter-Continental Exchange (“ICE”) Brent. Our NGL derivative contracts are indexed to Oil Price Information Service Mont Belvieu.

F-20

 

 

NYMEX WTI

 

 

 

Fixed Swaps

 

Collars

 

Three-Way Collars

 

 

 

Hedge
Position
(Bbls)

 

Weighted
Avg
Strike
Price

 

Hedge
Position
(Bbls)

 

Weighted
Avg
Ceiling
Price

 

Weighted
Avg Floor
Price

 

Hedge
Position
(Bbls)

 

Weighted
Avg
Ceiling
Price

 

Weighted
Avg Floor
Price

 

Weighted
Avg
Sub-Floor
Price

 

Quarter Ended:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2017(1)(2)

 

276,000

 

$

53.58

 

46,000

 

$

60.00

 

$

50.00

 

115,000

 

$

62.80

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

March 31, 2018(1)

 

99,000

 

$

50.61

 

 

$

 

$

 

225,000

 

$

62.14

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

June 30, 2018(1)

 

145,600

 

$

51.22

 

 

$

 

$

 

182,000

 

$

60.65

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

September 30, 2018(1)

 

92,000

 

$

50.38

 

 

$

 

$

 

184,000

 

$

59.93

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

December 31, 2018(1)

 

92,000

 

$

50.38

 

 

$

 

$

 

46,000

 

$

56.70

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

March 31, 2019(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

45,000

 

$

56.20

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

June 30, 2019(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

45,500

 

$

56.20

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

September 30, 2019(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

46,000

 

$

56.20

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 

December 31, 2019(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

46,000

 

$

56.20

 

$

50.00

 

$

40.00

 


 

 

NYMEX HENRY HUB

 

 

 

Fixed Swaps

 

Collars

 

Three-Way Collars

 

 

 

Hedge
Position
(MMBtu)

 

Weighted
Avg Strike
Price

 

Hedge
Position
(MMBtu)

 

Weighted
Avg
Ceiling
Price

 

Weighted
Avg Floor
Price

 

Hedge
Position
(MMBtu)

 

Weighted
Avg
Ceiling
Price

 

Weighted
Avg
Floor
Price

 

Weighted
Avg
Sub-Floor
Price

 

Quarter Ended:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2017(1)

 

1,907,000

 

$

3.43

 

551,000

 

$

3.84

 

$

3.23

 

610,000

 

$

4.30

 

$

3.25

 

$

2.50

 

March 31, 2018(1)(3)

 

1,350,000

 

$

3.47

 

 

$

 

$

 

1,530,000

 

$

4.38

 

$

3.25

 

$

2.50

 

June 30, 2018(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

1,365,000

 

$

3.40

 

$

3.00

 

$

2.50

 

September 30, 2018(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

1,380,000

 

$

3.40

 

$

3.00

 

$

2.50

 

December 31, 2018(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

1,380,000

 

$

3.40

 

$

3.00

 

$

2.50

 

March 31, 2019(1)

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

1,350,000

 

$

3.40

 

$

3.00

 

$

2.50

 


(1)          Positions shown represent open commodity derivative contract positions as of December 31, 2017. The Company did not have any open commodity derivative contract positions as of December 31, 2016.AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

(2)          During the second quarter, the Company entered into long call oil trades to offset its three-way collar short calls for the second half of 2017.

(3)          During the second quarter, the Company entered into natural gas three-way collars with long call ceilings in order to offset its Q1 2018 natural gas fixed swaps.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

F-23



Table of ContentsAt December 31, 2020, the Company had the following open commodity positions:

 

 

2021

 

 

2022

 

Natural Gas Derivative Contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed price swap contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (MMBtu)

 

925,000

 

 

 

590,000

 

Weighted-average fixed price

$

2.49

 

 

$

2.48

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collar contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Two-way collars

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (MMBtu)

 

925,000

 

 

 

595,000

 

Weighted-average floor price

$

2.10

 

 

$

2.37

 

Weighted-average ceiling price

$

3.28

 

 

$

3.09

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Natural Gas Basis Swaps:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PEPL basis swaps:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (MMBtu)

 

500,000

 

 

 

0

 

Weighted-average spread

$

(0.40

)

 

$

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Crude Oil Derivative Contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed price swap contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (Bbls)

 

181,250

 

 

 

40,000

 

Weighted-average fixed price

$

45.84

 

 

$

52.39

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collar contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three-way collars

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (Bbls)

 

42,500

 

 

 

76,000

 

Weighted-average ceiling price

$

50.61

 

 

$

53.18

 

Weighted-average floor price

$

40.00

 

 

$

40.00

 

Weighted-average sub-floor price

$

30.00

 

 

$

31.32

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NGL Derivative Contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed price swap contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (Bbls)

 

22,800

 

 

 

0

 

Weighted-average fixed price

$

24.25

 

 

$

0

 

Interest Rate Swaps

Periodically, we enter into interest rate swaps to mitigate exposure to market rate fluctuations by converting variable interest rates such as those in our credit agreement to fixed interest rates. At December 31, 2020, we had the following interest rate swaps open positions:

 

2021

 

 

2022

 

Average Monthly Notional (in thousands)

$

125,000

 

 

$

75,000

 

Weighted-average fixed rate

 

1.612

%

 

 

1.281

%

Floating rate

1 Month LIBOR

 

 

1 Month LIBOR

 

Balance Sheet Presentation

The following table summarizes both: (i) the netgross fair valuesvalue of commodity derivative instruments by the appropriate balance sheet classification ineven when the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

Type

 

Balance Sheet Location (1)

 

December 31, 2017

 

Gas swaps

 

Derivative financial instruments — current assets

 

$

821

 

Oil collars

 

Derivative financial instruments — current assets

 

(760

)

Gas collars

 

Derivative financial instruments — current assets

 

701

 

Total derivative financial instruments current assets

 

 

 

$

762

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil swaps

 

Derivative financial instruments — current liabilities

 

$

(3,679

)

Oil collars

 

Derivative financial instruments — current liabilities

 

(370

)

Gas collars

 

Derivative financial instruments — current liabilities

 

616

 

Total derivative financial instruments current liabilities

 

 

 

$

(3,433

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil collars

 

Derivative financial instruments — noncurrent liabilities

 

$

(523

)

Gas collars

 

Derivative financial instruments — noncurrent liabilities

 

(39

)

Total derivative financial instruments noncurrent liabilities

 

 

 

$

(562

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total derivative fair value at period end

 

 

 

$

(3,233

)


(1)        The fair values of commodity derivative instruments reported in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets are subject to netting arrangements and qualify for net presentation.presentation in the balance sheet and (ii) the net recorded fair value as reflected on the balance sheet at December 31, 2020 and 2019. There was no cash collateral received or pledged associated with our derivative instruments since most of the counterparties, or certain of their affiliates, to our derivative contracts are lenders under our Credit Agreement (as defined below).

F-21


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

 

 

 

Asset Derivatives

 

 

Liability

Derivatives

 

 

Asset Derivatives

 

 

Liability

Derivatives

 

 

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

Type

 

Balance Sheet Location

 

2020

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2019

 

 

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Commodity contracts

 

Short-term derivative instruments

 

$

6,088

 

 

$

15,007

 

 

$

11,518

 

 

$

5,887

 

Interest rate swaps

 

Short-term derivative instruments

 

 

0

 

 

 

1,905

 

 

 

248

 

 

 

253

 

Gross fair value

 

 

 

 

6,088

 

 

 

16,912

 

 

 

11,766

 

 

 

6,140

 

Netting arrangements

 

 

 

 

(6,088

)

 

 

(6,088

)

 

 

(5,887

)

 

 

(5,887

)

Net recorded fair value

 

Short-term derivative instruments

 

$

0

 

 

$

10,824

 

 

$

5,879

 

 

$

253

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commodity contracts

 

Long-term derivative instruments

 

$

9,361

 

 

$

8,488

 

 

$

6,990

 

 

$

973

 

Interest rate swaps

 

Long-term derivative instruments

 

 

0

 

 

 

847

 

 

 

347

 

 

 

305

 

Gross fair value

 

 

 

 

9,361

 

 

 

9,335

 

 

 

7,337

 

 

 

1,278

 

Netting arrangements

 

 

 

 

(8,488

)

 

 

(8,488

)

 

 

(973

)

 

 

(973

)

Net recorded fair value

 

Long-term derivative instruments

 

$

873

 

 

$

847

 

 

$

6,364

 

 

$

305

 

(Gains) Losses on Derivatives

We do not designate derivative instruments as hedging instruments for accounting and financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, all gains and losses, including changes in the derivative instruments’ fair values, have been recorded in the accompanying statements of operations. The following table details the gains and losses related to derivative instruments for the periods indicated (in thousands):

 

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

Statements of

December 31,

 

 

Operations Location

2020

 

 

2019

 

Commodity derivative contracts

(Gain) loss on commodity derivatives

$

(60,671

)

 

$

6,700

 

(Gain) loss on interest rate derivatives

Interest expense, net

 

4,044

 

 

 

(224

)

Note 7. Asset Retirement Obligations

The Company’s asset retirement obligations primarily relate to the Company’s portion of future plugging and abandonment of wells and related facilities. The following table presents the changes in the asset retirement obligations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Asset retirement obligations at beginning of period

$

91,089

 

 

$

76,344

 

Liabilities added from acquisition or drilling (1)

 

79

 

 

 

9,497

 

Liabilities removed upon sale of wells

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Liabilities settled

 

(327

)

 

 

(259

)

Accretion expense

 

6,206

 

 

 

5,559

 

Revision of estimates

 

102

 

 

 

(52

)

Asset retirement obligation at end of period

 

97,149

 

 

 

91,089

 

Less: Current Portion

 

424

 

 

 

623

 

Asset retirement obligations - long-term portion

$

96,725

 

 

$

90,466

 

(1)

The increase in liabilities added from acquisition or drilling for the year ended December 31, 2019, is primarily due to the Merger with Midstates.

F-22


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 8. Restricted Investments

Various restricted investment accounts fund certain long-term contractual and regulatory asset retirement obligations and collateralize certain regulatory bonds associated with the offshore Southern California oil and gas properties. The components of the restricted investment balances are as follows:

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

BOEM platform abandonment (See Note 16)

$

313

 

 

$

313

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SPBPC Collateral:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contractual pipeline and surface facilities abandonment

 

4,310

 

 

 

4,309

 

Restricted investments

$

4,623

 

 

$

4,622

 

On June 24, 2019, the Company received the release of $90.0 million from the Beta Decommissioning Trust Account. See Note 16 for additional information related to the Beta Decommissioning Trust Account.

Note 9. Debt

Our consolidated debt obligations consisted of the following at the dates indicated:

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Revolving Credit Facility (1)

$

255,000

 

 

$

285,000

 

Paycheck Protection Program loan

 

5,516

 

 

 

0

 

Total long-term debt

$

260,516

 

 

$

285,000

 

(1)

The carrying amount of our Revolving Credit Facility approximates fair value because the interest rates are variable and reflective of market rates.

Revolving Credit Facility

On November 2, 2018, OLLC and Amplify Acquisitionco, Inc. (“Acquistionco”) entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), providing for a reserve-based revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), subject to a borrowing base of $260.0 million as of December 31, 2020, which is guaranteed by us and all of our current subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement matures on November 2, 2023. The borrowing base under the Company’s Credit Agreement is subject to redetermination on at least a semi-annual basis based on an engineering report with respect to our estimated oil, NGL and natural gas reserves, which will take into account the prevailing oil, NGL and natural gas prices at such time, as adjusted for the impact of commodity derivative contracts. Unanimous approval by the lenders is required for any increase to the borrowing base.

The terms and conditions under the original Credit Agreement include (but are not limited to) the following:

at OLLC’s option, borrowings under the Credit Agreement will bear interest at the base rate, LIBOR Market Index rate or LIBOR plus an applicable margin. Base rate loans bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the greatest of: (i) the federal funds effective rate plus 50 basis points, (ii) the rate of interest in effect for each day as publicly announced from time to time by the Agent as its “prime rate”; and (iii) the adjusted LIBOR rate for a one-month interest period plus 100 basis points per annum. The applicable margin for base rate loans ranges from 100 to 200 basis points, and the applicable margin for LIBOR loans and LIBOR Market loans ranges from 200 to 300 basis points, in each case depending on the percentage of the borrowing base utilized;

the obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are secured by mortgages on not less than 85% of the PV-9 value of oil and gas properties (and at least 85% of the PV-9 value of the proved, developed and producing oil and gas properties) included in the determination of the borrowing base. OLLC and its other subsidiaries entered into a pledge and security agreement in favor of the Agent for the secured parties, pursuant to which OLLC’s obligations under the Credit Agreement are secured by a first priority security interest in substantially all of our assets (subject to permitted liens). Additionally, the Company entered into a non-recourse pledge agreement in favor of the Agent for the secured parties, pursuant to which OLLC’s obligations under the Credit Agreement are secured by a pledge and security interest of 100% of the equity interests held by the Company in Acquisitionco;

0.5% fee on unused line of credit;

F-23


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

certain financial covenants, including the maintenance of (i)as of the date of determination, a maximum total debt to EBITDAX ratioof 4.00 to 1.00, and (ii) a current ratio of not less than 1.00 to 1.00; and

certain events of default, including, without limitation: non-payment; breaches of representations and warranties; non-compliance with covenants or other agreements; cross-default to material indebtedness; judgments; change of control; and voluntary and involuntary bankruptcy.

Borrowing Base Redetermination Agreement and Fourth Amendment

On November 17, 2020, the Company entered into the Borrowing Base Redetermination Agreement and Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement, among the Borrower, Amplify Acquisitionco LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent (the “Fourth Amendment”). The Fourth Amendment amended the parties’ existing Credit Agreement, to among other things:

reaffirm the borrowing base under the Credit Agreement at $260.0 million; and

modify the affirmative hedging covenant to include at least 65% and 45% hedge for calendar years 2021 and 2022 on a total proved developed producing reserves, respectively.

The foregoing description of the Fourth Amendment is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Fourth Amendment, which is attached as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 18, 2020.

Borrowing Base Redetermination Agreement and Third Amendment

On June 12, 2020, the Company entered into the Borrowing Base Redetermination Agreement and Third Amendment to Credit Agreement, among the Borrower, Amplify Acquisitionco LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent (the “Third Amendment”). The Third Amendment amended the parties’ existing Credit Agreement, to among other things:

reduce the borrowing base under the Credit Agreement from $450.0 million to $285.0 million, with monthly reductions of $5.0 million thereafter until the borrowing base is reduced to $260.0 million, effective November 1, 2020;

increase the amount of first priority liens on all assets from at least 85% to 90%;

the applicable margin for LIBOR loans and LIBOR Market loans increased from 200 to 300 basis points to 250 to 350 basis points.

suspend certain financial covenants for the quarter ended June 30, 2020;

amend the definition of “Consolidated EBITDAX” in the Credit Agreement to decrease the limit of cash and cash equivalents permitted from $30.0 million to $25.0 million and increase the limit of transaction-related expense add-backs from $5.0 million to $20.0 million;

increase the minimum hedging requirements to at least 30% - 60% of our estimated production from total proved developed producing reserves;

incorporate a mandatory prepayment at times when cash and cash equivalents (as defined in the Credit Agreement) on hand exceed $25.0 million for five consecutive business days; and

amend certain other covenants and provisions.

The foregoing description of the Third Amendment is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Third Amendment, which is attached as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 15, 2020.

Borrowing Base Redetermination

On November 8, 2019, as part of the Company’s fall 2019 semiannual borrowing base redetermination, the borrowing base and lender commitments under the Company’s Credit Agreement among wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent, and other lenders party thereto was decreased from $530.0 million to $450.0 million.

F-24


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Joinder Agreement

In connection with the Merger, on August 6, 2019, Amplify Energy Operating LLC and Amplify Acquisitionco LLC entered into a Borrowing Base Redetermination, Commitment Increase and Joinder Agreement to Credit Agreement, with the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent (the “Joinder Agreement”). The Joinder Agreement amended the Revolving Credit Facility to, among other things:

redetermine the borrowing base of the Revolving Credit Facility, by increasing the borrowing base from $425.0 million to $530.0 million;

increase the commitments of certain of the original lenders under the Revolving Credit Facility; and

add additional lenders as parties to the Revolving Credit Facility.

Upon closing of the Merger on August 6, 2019, Midstates’ existing reserve-based revolving credit facility was terminated, and all remaining borrowings were repaid by the Company.

The foregoing description of the Joinder Agreement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Joinder Agreement, which is attached as Exhibit 10.1 to Legacy Amplify’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2019.

Second Amendment to Revolving Credit Facility

On July 16, 2019, OLLC entered into the Second Amendment to Credit Agreement (the “Second Amendment”), among OLLC, Acquisitionco, Amplify Energy, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and the Administrative Agent.

The Second Amendment amended the parties’ existing Credit Agreement, dated as of November 2, 2018, in connection with the completion of the Merger, following which Midstates may contribute, through a series of transactions, the equity interests it holds in Midstates Petroleum Company, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, to the borrower (the “Contribution”), to, among other things, (i) provide that if the Merger and the Contribution are not consummated on or prior to August 31, 2019, the Administrative Agent and the lenders have the right (but not the obligation) to redetermine the borrowing base on or after September 1, 2019 and (ii) amend certain other provisions of the Revolving Credit Facility.

The Second Amendment also contains customary representations, warranties and agreements of OLLC and the guarantors. All other material terms and conditions of the Revolving Credit Facility were unchanged by the Second Amendment.

The foregoing description of the Second Amendment is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Second Amendment, which is attached as Exhibit 10.1 to Legacy Amplify’s current report on Form 8-K filed on July 17, 2019.

First Amendment to Revolving Credit Facility

On May 5, 2019, OLLC entered into the First Amendment to Credit Agreement (the “First Amendment”), among OLLC, Acquisitionco, Amplify Energy, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent. (the “Administrative Agent”).

The First Amendment amended the Revolving Credit Facility to, among other things, (i) modify certain defined terms in connection with the completion of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the Merger; (ii) allow certain structural changes for tax planning activities; and (iii) modify certain covenants in the Revolving Credit Facility that restrict Amplify Energy’s ability to take certain actions or engage in certain business such that, once the First Amendment is effective, the occurrence of such actions or business in connection with the Merger Agreement or completion of the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Merger, will not be so restricted.

Certain of the modifications to the Revolving Credit Facility, including those permitting pre-Merger tax restrictions, became effective upon the signing of the First Amendment. The remaining modifications become effective concurrently with the consummation of the Merger, subject to certain closing conditions.

The First Amendment also contains customary representations, warranties and agreements of OLLC and the guarantors. All other material terms and conditions of the Revolving Credit Facility were unchanged by the First Amendment.

The foregoing description of the First Amendment is qualified in its entirety by reference to the First Amendment, which is attached as Exhibit 10.1 to Legacy Amplify’s current report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2019.

Debt Compliance

As of December 31, 2016,2020, we were in compliance with all the financial (current ratio and total leverage ratio) and other covenants associated with our Revolving Credit Facility.

F-25


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Paycheck Protection Program

On April 24, 2020, the Company did not have any open commodity derivative contract positions.

received a $5.5 million loan under the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP Loan”). The following table summarizesPaycheck Protection Program was established as part of the locationCoronavirus Aid, Relief, and fair value amounts of all commodity derivative instruments inEconomic Security Act (“CARES Act”) to provide loans to qualifying businesses. The loans and accrued interest are potentially forgivable provided that the consolidated balance sheets, as well asborrower uses the gross recognized derivative assets, liabilities and amounts offset in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

Not Designated as

 

 

 

Gross Recognized

 

Gross Amounts

 

Net Recognized
Fair Value

 

ASC 815 Hedges

 

Balance Sheet Location Classification

 

Assets/Liabilities

 

Offset

 

Assets/Liabilities

 

Derivative Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commodity contracts

 

Derivative financial instruments — current

 

$

3,479

 

$

(2,717

)

$

762

 

Commodity contracts

 

Derivative financial instruments — noncurrent

 

905

 

(905

)

 

 

 

 

 

$

4,384

 

$

(3,622

)

$

762

 

Derivative Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commodity contracts

 

Derivative financial instruments — current

 

$

(6,150

)

$

2,717

 

$

(3,433

)

Commodity contracts

 

Derivative financial instruments — noncurrent

 

(1,467

)

905

 

(562

)

 

 

 

 

$

(7,617

)

$

3,622

 

$

(3,995

)

As of December 31, 2016,loan proceeds for eligible purposes. At this time, the Company did not have any open commodity derivative contract positions.

Gains/Losses on Commodity Derivative Contracts

anticipates that a substantial majority of the loan proceeds will be forgiven under the program. The Company does not designate its commodity derivative contracts as hedging instruments for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, commodity derivative contracts are marked-to-market each quarterterm of the Company’s PPP Loan is two years with the change in fair valuean annual interest rate of 1% and 0 payments of principal or interest due during the periodic reportingsix-month period recognized currently as a gain or loss in “Gainsbeginning on commodity derivative contracts—net” within revenues in the consolidated statementsdate of operations.the PPP Loan.

F-24



Table of Contents

Weighted-Average Interest Rates

The following table presents net cash received for commodity derivative contracts and unrealized net (losses) gains  recorded by the Company related to the change in fair value of the derivative instruments in “Gainsweighted-average interest rates paid on commodity derivative contracts—net”variable-rate debt obligations for the periods presented (in thousands):presented:

 

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

For the Year
Ended
December 31,

 

For the Period
October 21, 2016
through

 

 

For the Period
January 1, 2016
through

 

For the Year
Ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2017

 

December 31, 2016

 

 

October 20, 2016

 

2015

 

Net cash received for commodity derivative contracts

 

$

6,891

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

167,669

 

Unrealized net losses

 

(3,232

)

 

 

 

(126,709

)

Gains on commodity derivative contracts—net

 

$

3,659

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

40,960

 

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Revolving Credit Facility

3.63%

 

 

4.76%

 

 

Cash settlements, as presented in the table above, represent realized gains related to the Company’s derivative instruments. In addition to cash settlements, the Company also recognizes fair value changes on its derivative instruments in each reporting period. The changes in fair value result from new positions and settlements that may occur during each reporting period, as well as the relationships between contract prices and the associated forward curves.Letters of credit

7. Property and Equipment

The Company’s property and equipment as ofAt December 31, 2017 and 20162020, we had 0 letters of credit outstanding.

Unamortized Deferred Financing Costs

Unamortized deferred financing costs associated with our Revolving Credit Facility was as follows (in thousands):

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

 

December 31, 2016

 

Oil and gas properties, on the basis of full-cost accounting:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved properties

 

$

765,308

 

 

$

573,150

 

Unproved properties not being amortized

 

7,065

 

 

65,080

 

Other property and equipment

 

6,508

 

 

6,339

 

Less accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment

 

(204,419

)

 

(12,974

)

Net property and equipment

 

$

574,462

 

 

$

631,595

 

$1.6 million at December 31, 2020. The unamortized deferred financing costs are amortized over the remaining life of our Revolving Credit Facility using the straight-line method which generally approximate the effective interest method.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, Successor Period, Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015, depletion expense related to oil and gas properties was $63.4 million, $12.6 million, $59.9 million, and $195.2 million, respectively, and $7.85, $7.00, $6.84, and $16.26 per Boe, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015, depreciation expense related to other property and equipment was2020, we wrote-off $2.4 million $0.4 million, $2.4 million and $3.5 million, respectively.of deferred financing costs in connection with the decrease in our borrowing base.

Note 10. Equity (Deficit)

For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015, interest capitalized to unevaluated properties was $2.4 million, $0.7 million and $4.9 million, respectively. Equity Outstanding

The Company did not capitalized interest for the Predecessor Period. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company capitalized $5.3 million, $1.4 million, $3.4 million and $7.3 million, respectively,Company’s authorized capital stock includes 250,000,000 shares of internal costs to oil and gas properties, including $2.0 million, $0.6 million, $0.5 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of qualifying share-based compensation expense, see “—Note 12. Equity and Share-Based Compensation”.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company disposed of certain oil and gas equipment for cash proceeds of $1.4 million, which were reflected as a reduction of oil and gas properties with no gain or loss recognized. On July 26, 2017, the Company closed on the sale of certain oil and gas properties in Lincoln County, Oklahoma, for $7.0 million in cash ($2.9 million, net after assumption of liabilities), subject to standard post-closing adjustments. The net proceeds from the sale were retained for general corporate purposes.

F-25



Table of Contents

8. Acquisition and Divestitures of Oil and Gas Properties

Dequincy Divestiture

On April 21, 2015, the Company closed the Dequincy Divestiture for $44.0 million, completing the Company’s disposition of its producing properties and proved reserves in Louisiana. The net proceeds, inclusive of amounts placed in escrow, were approximately $42.4 million, which was net of customary closing adjustments. This amount was reflected as a reduction of oil and natural gas properties, with no gain or loss recognized. The net proceeds were retained for general corporate purposes.

Exploration Agreement with PetroQuest

On June 25, 2014, the Company entered into an exploration agreement with PetroQuest Energy LLC (“PetroQuest”) with an effective date of May 1, 2014, in which the Company conveyed to PetroQuest an undivided 50% of its right, title and interest in and to the acreage and other interests in the Fleetwood prospect area in Louisiana. With the execution of the agreement, PetroQuest paid $3.0 million in cash consideration and in January 2015, PetroQuest paid additional cash of $7.0 million. As further consideration, PetroQuest granted a credit to the Company of an additional non-interest bearing total sum of $14.0 million, to be credited or paid against the Company’s share of costs or expenses incurred to develop the prospect area, including but not limited to, all mineral lease acquisition or maintenance costs and all drilling, completion, equipping and facility costs. For any amounts not fully credited on or before December 31, 2015, the Company could elect to take the remaining portion in cash. The Company received the unutilized portion of the non-interest bearing amount of approximately $4.4 million during 2016.

Acquisition and Transaction Expenses

For the year ended December 31, 2015, acquisition and transaction costs of $0.3 million relate to the execution of the Dequincy Divestiture.

9. Asset Retirement Obligations

For the Company, asset retirement obligations (“AROs”) represent the future abandonment costs of tangible assets, such as wells, service assets and other facilities. The faircommon stock, $0.01 par value of the AROs at inception are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. AROs approximated $15.5 million and $14.2 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, all AROs represent long-term liabilities and are classified as such.

per share. The following table detailssummarizes the changechanges in the AROs for the year ended December 31, 2017number of outstanding common units and the Successor Period, respectively (in thousands):shares of common stock:

 

 

 

Successor

 

 

 

For the Year Ended
December 31,

 

For the Period October
21, 2016 through

 

 

 

2017

 

December 31, 2016

 

Asset retirement obligations at beginning of period

 

$

14,200

 

$

13,983

 

Liabilities incurred

 

571

 

7

 

Revisions

 

1,832

 

 

Liabilities settled

 

(744

)

 

Liabilities eliminated through asset sale (1)

 

(1,453

)

 

Current period accretion expense

 

1,100

 

210

 

Asset retirement obligations at end of year

 

$

15,506

 

$

14,200

 

Common Shares

Balance, December 31, 2018

22,181,881

Issuance of common stock

0

Restricted stock units vested

412,938

Repurchase of common shares (1)

(120,163

)

Common stock repurchased and retired under share repurchase program

(169,400

)

Balance, June 30, 2019

22,305,256

Restricted stock units vested

38,181

Repurchase of common shares (1)

(9,427

)

Balance, August 5, 2019

22,334,010

Ratio to convert Amplify shares

0.933

Common stock issued to Legacy Amplify stockholders

20,837,633

Midstates stock outstanding and acquired with the Merger

20,415,005

Treasury shares acquired from the Merger

205,861

Restricted stock units vested

682,552

Repurchase of common shares (1)

(31,697

)

Common stock repurchased and retired under share repurchase program

(4,195,247

)

Cancelation and retirement of shares

(347,567

)

Balance, December 31, 2019

37,566,540

Issuance of common stock

0

Restricted stock units vested

132,237

Repurchase of common shares (1)

(35,268

)

Balance, December 31, 2020

37,663,509

 


(1)

Represents the net settlement on vesting of restricted stock necessary to satisfy the minimum statutory tax withholding requirements.

(1)        Liabilities eliminated through asset sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 primarily relate to the sale of Lincoln County. See discussion of the sale in “—Note 7. Property and Equipment”.F-26


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

F-26



Table of Contents

Warrants

10. Debt

Exit Facility

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company maintained the Exit Facility with a borrowing base of $170.0 million. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had $128.1 million drawn on the Exit Facility and had outstanding letters of credit obligations totaling $1.9 million. At December 31, 2017, the Company had $40.0 million of availability on the Exit Facility.

The Exit Facility matures on September 30, 2020 and bears interest at LIBOR plus 4.50% per annum, subject to a 1.00% LIBOR floor. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the weighted average interest rate was 6.3% and 5.5%, respectively. Unamortized debt issuance costs of $1.2 million associatedIn connection with the Exit Facility are included in “Other noncurrent assets” on the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

In addition to interest expense, the Exit Facility requires the payment of a commitment fee each quarter. The commitment fee is computed at the rate of 0.50% per annum based on the average daily amount by which the borrowing base exceeds the outstanding borrowings during each quarter.

The Exit Facility, as amended, includes certain financial maintenance covenants that are required to be calculated on a quarterly basis for compliance purposes. These financial maintenance covenants include EBITDA to interest expense for the trailing four fiscal quarters of not less than 2.50:1.00 and a limitation of Total Net Indebtedness (as defined in the Exit Facility) to EBITDA for the trailing four fiscal quarters of not more than 4.00:1.00.

In addition, the Exit Facility contains various other covenants that, among other things, may restrict the Company’s ability to: (i) incur additional indebtedness or guarantee indebtedness (ii) make loans and investments; (iii) pay dividends on capital stock and make other restricted payments, including the prepayment or redemption of other indebtedness; (iv) create or incur certain liens; (v) sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of certain assets; (vi) enter into certain types of transactions with the Company’s affiliates; (vii) acquire, consolidate or merge with another entity upon certain terms and conditions; (viii) sell all or substantially all of the Company’s assets; (ix) prepay, redeem or repurchase certain debt; (x) alter the business the Company conducts and make amendments to the Company’s organizational documents, (xi) enter into certain derivative transactions and (xii) enter into certain marketing agreements and take-or-pay arrangements.

On May 24, 2017, the CompanyMerger, Legacy Amplify entered into the First Amendmenta warrant agreement (the “Warrant Agreement”) with American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as warrant agent (“AST”), pursuant to the Exit Facility (the “First Amendment”). The First Amendment, among other items, (i) moved the first scheduled borrowing base redetermination from April 2018which Legacy Amplify issued warrants to October 2017; (ii) removed the requirementpurchase up to maintain a cash collateral account with the administrative agent in the amount2,173,913 shares of $40.0 million; (iii) removed the requirement to maintain at least 20% liquidityLegacy Amplify’s common stock (representing 8% of the then effective borrowing base; (iv) amended the required mortgage threshold from 95% to 90%; (v) amended the threshold amount for which the borrower is required to provide advance notice to the administrative agent of a sale or disposition of oil and gas properties which occurs during the period between two successive redeterminations of the borrowing base; (vi) amended the required ratio of total net indebtedness to EBITDA; (vii) amended the required EBITDA to interest coverage ratio and (viii) removed certain limitations on capital expenditures.

On October 27, 2017, the Company’s borrowing base was redetermined at the existing amount of $170.0 million. The Company’s Anadarko Basin assets in Texas and Oklahoma were excluded from the redetermination of the borrowing base.

The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants at December 31, 2017.

The Company believes the carrying amount of the Credit Facility at December 31, 2017 approximates its fair value (Level 2) due to the variable nature of the Exit Facility interest rate.

F-27



Table of Contents

2016 Reorganization

On the Effective Date, the Company satisfied the conditions to effectiveness set forth in the Confirmation Order and in the Plan, and, as a result, the Plan became effective in accordance with its terms and the Company emerged from the Chapter 11 Cases. Pursuant to the confirmed Plan, the significant transactions impacting the Company’sLegacy Amplify’s outstanding debt balancescommon stock as of the Effective Date were as follows:including shares of Legacy Amplify’s common stock issuable upon full exercise of the warrants, but excluding any common stock issuable under the Legacy Amplify’s Management Incentive Plan), exercisable for a five year period commencing on the Effective Date at an exercise price of $42.60 per share.

The fair values for the warrants upon issuance on the Effective Date have been estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following assumptions:

 

 

Warrants Issued in

 

 

Successor Period

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

2.06

%

Dividend yield

 

0

 

Expected life (in years)

 

5.0

 

Expected volatility

 

50.0

%

Strike Price

$

42.60

 

Calculated fair value

$

2.20

 

·                  Credit Facility: (i)

On the effective date of the Merger, Legacy Amplify, Midstates and AST entered into an Assignment and Assumption Agreement, pursuant to which the Company agreed to assume Legacy Amplify’s Warrant Agreement.

In connection with the Merger in August 2019, the Company assumed outstanding warrants of 4,647,520 Third Lien Notes Warrants at an exercise price of $22.78 per share (the “Third Lien Warrants”) and 2,332,089 Unsecured Creditor Warrants at an exercise price of $43.67 per share (the “Unsecured Creditor Warrants” and collectively with the Third Lien Warrants, the “Warrants”). The permanent pay-downWarrants expired on April 21, 2020.

Treasury Stock

As of $81.3August 6, 2019, the Company assumed the outstanding treasury shares held by Midstates of 205,861 treasury shares outstanding. After the Merger closed, the Company retired and cancelled all treasury stock outstanding. NaN treasury stock remained outstanding at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Share Repurchase Program

In connection, with the closing of the Merger, the board of directors approved the commencement of an open market share repurchase program of up to $25.0 million of the Company’s RBL with a $170.0 million Exit Facility established upon the Effective Date, (ii) the pay-down of $60.0 million of our Second Lien Notes in cash, and (iii) the conversion into equity of all of the Company’s remaining debt junior to the RBL;

·                  Credit Facility Claims: Holders of allowed claims arising under the RBL (the “Credit Facility Claims”) received their pro rata share of approximately $81.3 million in cash and the RBL was superseded, pursuant to the Plan, by the Exit Facility, as further described below;

·                  Second Lien Notes Claims: Holders of allowed claims arising under the Second Lien Notes (the “Second Lien Notes Claims”) received their pro rata share of (i) 96.25% of the reorganized equity in the form of common stock and (ii) a cash payment of $60.0 million;

·                  Third Lien Notes Claims: Holders of Third Lien Notes Claims, pursuant to the Second/Third Lien Plan Settlement, received their pro rata share of 2.5% of the reorganized equity in the form of common stock and warrants to acquire 4,411,765outstanding shares of common stock, at a strike price of $24.00 per common share with an expiration date 42 monthsrepurchases beginning on or after August 6, 2019. For the Effective Date;

·                  Unsecured Claims: Unsecured Notes Claims and the Holders of other general unsecured claims received their pro rata share of 1.25% of reorganized equity in the form of common stock and warrantsperiod from August 6, 2019 to acquire 2,213,789 shares of common stock at a strike price of $46.00 per common share with an expiration date 42 months after the Effective Date; and

·                  Exit Facility: The Company’s RBL, which was redetermined with a borrowing base of $170.0 million in April 2016, was superseded, pursuant to the Plan, by the Exit Facility as further described above.

2015 Debt Restructuring

On May 21, 2015,December 31, 2019, the Company issued $625.0 million of Second Lien Notes and utilized the proceeds to repay the outstanding balance of the RBL in an amount of approximately $468.2 million, with the remainder utilized for general corporate purposes. Further, the Company exchanged approximately $504.1 million of Third Lien Notes for approximately $279.8 million of 2020 Senior Notes and $350.3 million of 2021 Senior Notes, representing an exchange at 80.0% of the exchanged Unsecured Notes’ par value. Additionally, on June 2, 2015, the Company exchanged approximately $20.0 million of Third Lien Notes for approximately $26.6 million of 2020 Senior Notes and $2.0 million of 2021 Senior Notes, representing an exchange at 70.0% of the exchanged Unsecured Notes’ par value. Approximately $63.9 million of the principal amount of 2020 Senior Notes and $70.7 million of the principal amount of 2021 Senior Notes was extinguished.

The exchanges of Third Lien Notes for the Unsecured Notes as well as the issuance of the Second Lien Notes were accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring. As the future cash flows of the modified debt instruments were greater than the carrying amount of the previous debt instruments, no debt extinguishment gain was recognized. The amount of extinguished debt was to be amortized over the remaining life of the Second Lien Notes and Third Lien Notes using the effective interest method and recognized as a reduction of interest expense. All costs incurred related to the May 21, 2015 and June 2, 2015 exchanges, including restructuring costs as well as the direct issuance costs of the Second Lien Notes and Third Lien Notes, were expensed and are included within debt restructuring costs and advisory fees in the consolidated statements of operations. As a result of the Company’s emergence on the Effective Date, the remaining unamortized gain on the troubled debt restructuring was eliminated at that time.

F-28



Table of Contents

RBL

Prior to the Effective Date, the Company maintained the $750.0 million RBL with a borrowing base of $252.0 million. In February 2016, the Company borrowed approximately $249.2 million under the RBL, which represented the remaining undrawn availability. As a result of the semiannual redetermination on April 1, 2016, the borrowing base was reduced by $82.0 million to $170.0 million from the previous borrowing base of $252.0 million.

Borrowing under the RBL bore interest at LIBOR plus an applicable margin, depending upon the Company’s borrowing base utilization, between 2.00% and 3.00% per annum. In addition to interest expense, the RBL required the payment of a commitment fee each quarter at the rate of either 0.375% or 0.500% per annum based on the average daily amount by which the borrowing base exceeded the outstanding borrowings during each quarter.

The RBL was superseded and replaced by the Exit Facility on the Effective Date. On the Effective Date, $121.3 million of outstanding borrowings on the RBL were repaid, with the remaining outstanding balance carried over to the Exit Facility.

2020 Senior Notes

On October 1, 2012, the Company issued $600.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2020 Senior Notes, conducted pursuant to Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). In October 2013, these notes were exchanged for an equal principal amount of identical registered notes. On May 21, 2015 and June 2, 2015, a total of approximately $306.4 million aggregate principal amount of 2020 Senior Notes were exchanged for Third Lien Notes. The 2020 Senior Notes had an interest rate of 10.75%.

On the Effective Date, the obligations of the Company with respect to the 2020 Senior Notes were cancelled and holders of the 2020 Senior Notes received their agreed upon pro-rata share of the Unencumbered Assets Equity Distribution. See “—Note 2. Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11 Proceedings” for further discussion.

2021 Senior Notes

On May 31, 2013, the Company issued $700.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2021 Senior Notes. In October 2013, these notes were exchanged for an equal principal amount of identical registered notes. On May 21, 2015 and June 2, 2015, a total of approximately $352.3 million aggregate principal amount of 2021 Senior Notes were exchanged for Third Lien Notes. The 2021 Senior Notes had an interest rate of 9.25%.

On the Effective Date, the obligations of the Company with respect to the 2021 Senior Notes were cancelled and holders of the 2021 Senior Notes received their agreed-upon pro-rata share of the Unencumbered Assets Equity Distribution. See “—Note 2. Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11 Proceedings” for further discussion.

Second Lien Notes

On May 21, 2015, the Company and Midstates Sub issued and sold $625.0 million aggregate principal amount of Second Lien Notes, in a private placement conducted pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. In November 2015, these notes were exchanged for an equal principal amount of identical registered notes. The Second Lien Notes had an interest rate of 10.0%.

On the Effective Date, the obligations of the Company with respect to the Second Lien Notes were cancelled and holders of the Second Lien Notes received a cash payment of $60.0 million as well as their agreed-upon pro-rata share of equity in the reorganized Company. See “—Note 2. Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11 Proceedings” for further discussion.

F-29



Table of Contents

Third Lien Notes

On May 21, 2015 and June 2, 2015, the Company issued approximately $504.1 million and $20.0 million, respectively, in aggregate principal amount of Third Lien Notes in a private placement and in exchange for an aggregate $306.4 million of the 2020 Senior Notes and $352.3 million of the 2021 Senior Notes. In November 2015, these notes were exchanged for an equal principal amount of identical registered notes. The Third Lien Notes had an interest rate of 12.0%, consisting of cash interest of 10.0% and paid-in-kind interest of 2.0%, per annum.

On the Effective Date, the obligations of the Company with respect to the Third Lien Notes were cancelled and holders of the Third Lien Notes received their agreed upon pro-rata share of equity and warrants in the reorganized Company as set forth in the Second/Third Lien Plan Settlement embodied in the Plan. See “—Note 2. Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11 Proceedings” for further discussion.

11. Preferred Stock

Series A Preferred Stock

On October 1, 2012, the Company issued 325,000 shares of Series A Mandatorily Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”) with an initial liquidation preference of $1,000 per share and an 8.0% per annum dividend, payable semiannually at the Company’s option in cash or through an increase in the liquidation preference. Based on the liquidation preference at September 30, 2015, each Series A Preferred Share converted into approximately 11.5 shares of the Company’s Predecessor common stock pursuant to the Certificate of Designation, which governed the Series A Preferred Stock. As a result, the Company issued 3,738,424 shares of Predecessor common stock upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock during 2015.

At the Effective Date, the Company’s current common stock was cancelled and new common stock of the reorganized Company was issued. See “—Note 2. Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11 Proceedings” for further discussion.

12. Equity and Share-Based Compensation

Emergence from Bankruptcy

On the Effective Date, the Company’s then existing common stock was canceled and new common stock in the reorganized Company was issued. In addition, Company’s previous share-based compensation awards were either vested or canceled upon the Company’s emergence from bankruptcy.

Common Shares

Successor Period

At December 31, 2017, the Company had 25,272,969 and 25,173,346 shares of its common stock issued and outstanding, respectively.

On the Effective Date, the Company issued 24,687,500 shares of Successor common stock in the reorganized Company. On November 8, 2016, the Company issued 12,400 shares of common stock to employees and non-employee directors, which vested immediately upon issuance. On November 9, 2016, the Company issued an additional 294,967 shares of common stock of the reorganized Company pursuant to the Plan. The Company will issue 17,533 additional common shares pursuant to the Plan in a future distribution. The total authorized common stock of the reorganized Company consists of 250,000,000 shares of common stock and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share. Holders of the Company’s common shares are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders and to receive ratably in proportion to the shares of common stock held by them any dividends declared from time to time by the board of directors. The common shares have no preferences or rights of conversion, exchange, pre-exemption or other subscription rights.

F-30



Table of Contents

Share Activity

The following table summarizes changes in the number of shares of common stock and treasury stock since January 1, 2015:

 

 

Common
Stock

 

Treasury
Stock(1)

 

Share count as of December 31, 2014 (Predecessor)

 

7,049,173

 

(53,467

)

Grants of restricted stock

 

268,677

 

 

Forfeitures of restricted stock

 

(94,159

)

 

Acquisition of treasury stock

 

 

(42,824

)

Fractional share adjustment due to reverse stock split

 

(10

)

 

Issuance of common stock for Series A Preferred Stock conversion

 

3,738,424

 

 

Share count as of December 31, 2015 (Predecessor)

 

10,962,105

 

(96,291

)

Grants of restricted stock

 

 

 

Forfeitures of restricted stock

 

(47,325

)

 

Acquisition of treasury stock

 

 

(52,358

)

Share count as of October 21, 2016 (Predecessor)

 

10,914,780

 

(148,649

)

Cancellation of common stock

 

(10,914,780

)

 

Cancellation of treasury stock

 

 

148,649

 

Share count as of October 21, 2016 (Predecessor)

 

 

 

Issuance of successor common stock

 

24,687,500

 

 

Share count as of October 21, 2016 (Successor)

 

24,687,500

 

 

Issuance of successor common stock

 

307,367

 

 

Acquisition of treasury stock

 

 

 

Share count as of December 31, 2016 (Successor)

 

24,994,867

 

 

Issuance of successor common stock

 

278,102

 

 

Acquisition of treasury stock

 

 

(99,623

)

Share count as of December 31, 2017 (Successor)

 

25,272,969

 

(99,623

)


(1)                                 Treasury stock represents the net settlement on vesting of restricted stock necessary to satisfy the minimum statutory withholding requirements.

Warrants

At the Effective Date, the Company issued 4,411,765 Third Lien Notes Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 4,411,765repurchased 4,195,247 shares of common stock at an initial exerciseaverage price of $24.00$6.28 per share and 2,213,789 Unsecured Creditor Warrants to purchasefor a total cost of approximately $24.9 million. The share repurchase program was terminated on December 31. 2019.

On December 21, 2018, Legacy Amplify’s board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to an aggregate$25.0 million of 2,213,789Legacy Amplify’s outstanding shares of common stock, with repurchases to begin on or after January 9, 2019. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, Legacy Amplify repurchased 169,400 shares of common stock at an initial exerciseaverage price of $46.00$7.35 per share. The Warrants expire onshare for a total cost of approximately $1.3 million. On April 21, 2020.

Holders18, 2019, in anticipation of the Warrants do not haveMerger, Legacy Amplify terminated the right to vote, to consent, to receive any cash dividends, stock dividends, allotments or rights or other distributions paid, allotted or distributed or distributable to the holdersrepurchase program.

Cash Dividend Payment

On March 3, 2020, our board of shares of common stock, or to exercise any rights whatsoever as a stockholder of the Company unless, until and only to the extent such holder of Warrants becomes a holder of record of shares of common stock issued upon settlement of Warrants.

The number of shares of common stock for which the Warrants is exercisable, and the exercise price per share of the Warrants are subject to adjustment from time to time upon the occurrence of certain events, including the issuance of common stock asdirectors approved a dividend or distribution to all holders of shares of common stock, a pro rata repurchase offer of common stock or a subdivision, combination, split, reverse split or reclassification$0.10 per share of outstanding common stock intoor $3.8 million in aggregate, which was paid on March 30, 2020, to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 16, 2020. The board of directors subsequently suspended quarterly dividends. Future dividends, if any, are subject to debt covenants under our Revolving Credit Facility and discretionary approval by the board of directors.

On November 5, 2019, our board of directors approved a greaterdividend of $0.20 per share of outstanding common stock or smaller number$7.7 million in aggregate, which was paid on December 18, 2019, to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 4, 2019.

On August 6, 2019, our board of directors approved a dividend of $0.20 per share of outstanding common stock or $8.2 million in aggregate, which was paid on September 18, 2019, to stockholders of record at the close of business on September 4, 2019.

F-27


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 11. Earnings per Share

The following sets forth the calculation of earnings (loss) per share, or EPS, for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Net income (loss)

$

(464,030

)

 

$

(35,197

)

Less: Net income (loss) allocated to participating restricted stockholders

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted earnings available to common stockholders

$

(464,030

)

 

$

(35,197

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common shares:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common shares outstanding — basic

 

37,612

 

 

 

29,301

 

Dilutive effect of potential common shares

 

 

 

 

 

Common shares outstanding — diluted

 

37,612

 

 

 

29,301

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss) per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

$

(12.34

)

 

$

(1.20

)

Diluted

$

(12.34

)

 

$

(1.20

)

Antidilutive warrants (1)

 

2,174

 

 

 

9,154

 

(1)

Amount represents warrants to purchase common stock that are excluded from the diluted net earnings per share calculations because of their antidilutive effect.

Note 12. Equity-based Awards

Merger Impact

As of August 6, 2019, each outstanding share of Legacy Amplify common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, available for issuance under the Amplify Energy Corp. 2017 Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan (the “Legacy Amplify Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan”) and the Amplify Energy Corp. Management Incentive Plan (the “Legacy Amplify MIP” and, together with the Legacy Amplify Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan, the “Legacy Amplify Plans”) was converted and assumed by the Company and will be available for future issuance under the Legacy Amplify Plans in satisfaction of the vesting, exercise or other settlement of options and other equity awards that may be granted by the Company following the close of the Merger (after conversion of such shares and appropriate adjustment to reflect the terms of the Merger Agreement).

Legacy Amplify stockholders received 0.933 shares of common stock.

Upon the occurrence of certain events constituting an organic change (as defined in the Warrant Agreements), holders of the Warrants will have the right to receive, upon exercise of the Warrants, the amount of securities, cash or other property received in connection with such event with respect to or in exchange for the number of shares ofnewly issued Company common stock for which such Warrants are exercisable immediatelyeach share of Legacy Amplify common stock that they owned. The table below shows the activity related to the Legacy Amplify MIP prior to such event.

F-31



Table of Contents

The Warrants permit a holder to elect to exercise such that no payment of cash will be required (a “Net Share Settlement”). If Net Share Settlement is elected,and after the Company is authorized to withhold and not issue in paymentclosing of the exercise price, a numberMerger, which reflects the conversion of shares of common stock equal to (i) the number of shares of common stock for which the Warrantsoutstanding and unvested equity awards.

Legacy Amplify MIP awards are being exercised, multiplied by (ii) the exercise price, and divided by (iii) the current sale price (as definedgranted in the Warrant Agreements) onform of nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance awards, stock awards and other incentive awards. To the exercise date.extent that an award under the Legacy Amplify MIP is expired, forfeited or cancelled for any reason without having been exercised in full, the unexercised award would then be available again for future grants under the Legacy Amplify MIP. The Legacy Amplify MIP is administered by the board of directors of the Company. At December 31, 2020, 1,046,698 shares remain available for issuance under the Legacy Amplify MIP.

Share-Based Compensation

Emergence from Bankruptcy

The Company’s share-based compensation awards that remained unvested atOn October 21, 2016, Midstates established the Effective Date were cancelled upon the Company’s emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases. The cancellation of these share-based compensation awards resulted in the recognition of $1.3 million of expense in the Predecessor Period to record any previously unamortized expense related to such awards. Also, at the Effective Date, the Company’s 2012 Long Term2016 Long-term Incentive Plan (the “2012(“Midstates 2016 LTIP”) was replaced byshares for issuance under the Company’sterms of the Midstates 2016 LTIP. LTIP to employees and directors. The types of awards that may be granted under the Midstates 2016 LTIP include stock options, restricted stock units, (“RSUs”), restricted stock, performance and market awards and other forms of awards granted or denominated in shares of common stock, of the reorganized Company, as well as certain cash-based awards (the “Awards”). The terms of eachawards. To the extent that an award under the Midstates 2016 LTIP is expired, forfeited or are as determined bycancelled for any reason without having been exercised in full, the Compensation Committeeunexercised award would then be available again for future grants under the Midstates 2016 LTIP. After the effective date of the Board of Directors.

2016 Long Term Incentive Plan

OnMerger, the Effective Date, the Company established theMidstates 2016 LTIP and filed a Form S-8 with the SEC, registering 3,513,950 shares are available for issuance under the termsto employees and directors of the 2016 LTIP to employees, directors and certain other persons (the “Award Shares”).

Subject to certain limitations as defined in the 2016 LTIP, the terms of each Award are to be determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Awards that expire, or are canceled, forfeited, exchanged, settled in cash or otherwise terminated, will again be available for future issuance under the 2016 LTIP.Company. At December 31, 2017, 2,129,011 Award Shares2020, 2,167,996 shares remain available for issuance under the termsMidstates 2016 LTIP.

F-28


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Restricted Stock Units

Restricted Stock Units with Service Vesting Condition

Restricted stock units with service vesting conditions (“TSUs”) are accounted for as equity-classified awards. The grant-date fair value is recognized as compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period and forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. Compensation costs are recorded as general and administrative expense. The unrecognized cost associated with TSUs was $0.3 million at December 31, 2020. We expect to recognize the unrecognized compensation cost for these awards over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years.

The following table summarizes information regarding the TSUs granted under the Legacy Amplify MIP for the period presented:

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Grant

 

 

Number of

 

 

Date Fair Value

 

 

Units

 

 

per Unit (1)

 

TSUs outstanding at December 31, 2018

 

598,024

 

 

$

11.35

 

Granted (2)

 

300,517

 

 

$

6.80

 

Forfeited

 

(38,151

)

 

$

11.13

 

Vested

 

(437,834

)

 

$

8.71

 

TSUs outstanding at August 5, 2019

 

422,556

 

 

$

10.87

 

Ratio to convert TSUs (3)

 

0.933

 

 

 

 

 

Converted TSUs

 

394,245

 

 

 

 

 

TSUs outstanding at August 6, 2019 (4)

 

394,245

 

 

$

5.12

 

Granted (5)

 

17,500

 

 

$

6.14

 

Forfeited

 

(38,652

)

 

$

5.12

 

Vested

 

(81,723

)

 

$

5.12

 

TSUs outstanding at December 31, 2019

 

291,370

 

 

$

5.18

 

Granted (6)

 

43,250

 

 

$

3.10

 

Forfeited

 

(93,845

)

 

$

5.12

 

Vested

 

(124,978

)

 

$

5.17

 

TSUs outstanding at December 31, 2020

 

115,797

 

 

$

4.47

 

(1)

Determined by dividing the aggregate grant date fair value of awards by the number of awards issued.

(2)

The aggregate grant date fair value of TSUs issued for the period from January 1, 2019 through August 5, 2019 was $2.0 million based on a grant date market price ranging from $4.48 to $8.70 per share.

(3)

The merger ratio used to convert Legacy Amplify TSUs into newly issued TSUs.

(4)

This reflects the unvested TSUs converted into newly issued Company’s TSUs at August 6, 2019 at a stock price of $5.12 per share.

(5)

The aggregate grant date fair value of TSUs issued for the period August 6, 2019 through December 31, 2019 was $0.1 million based on a grant date market price of $6.14 per share.

(6)

The aggregate grant date fair value of TSUs issued for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $0.1 million based on a grant date market price ranging from $0.54 to $6.61 per share.

Restricted Stock Units with Market and Service Vesting Conditions

Restricted stock units with market and service vesting conditions (“PSUs”) are accounted for as equity-classified awards. The grant-date fair value is recognized as compensation cost on a graded-vesting basis. As such, the Company recognizes compensation cost over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of the 2016 LTIP.award as though the award were, in substance, multiple awards. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. Compensation costs are recorded as general and administrative expense. The unrecognized cost related to the PSUs was $0.1 million at December 31, 2020. We expect to recognize the unrecognized compensation cost for these awards over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.4 years.

The PSUs will vest based on the satisfaction of service and market vesting conditions with market vesting based on the Company’s achievement of certain share price targets. The PSUs are subject to service-based vesting such that 50% of the PSUs service vest on the applicable market vesting date and an additional 25% of the PSUs service vest on each of the first and second anniversaries of the applicable market vesting date.

In the event of a qualifying termination, subject to certain conditions, (i) all PSUs that have satisfied the market vesting conditions will fully service vest, upon such termination, and (ii) if the termination occurs between the second and third anniversaries of the grant date, then PSUs that have not market vested as of the termination will market vest to the extent that the share targets (in each case, reduced by $0.25) are achieved as of such termination. Subject to the foregoing, any unvested PSUs will be forfeited upon termination of employment.

A Monte Carlo simulation was used to determine the fair value of these awards at the grant date.

F-29


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

2012 Long Term Incentive PlanThe assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the PSUs are as follows:

Share price targets

$

12.50

 

 

$

15.00

 

 

$

17.50

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Risk-free interest rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Awards Issued on January 1, 2020 and April 1, 2020

 

1.61

%

 

 

1.61

%

 

 

1.61

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividend yield

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Awards Issued on January 1, 2020 and April 1, 2020

 

12.1

%

 

 

12.1

%

 

 

12.1

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expected volatility:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Awards Issued on January 1, 2020 and April 1, 2020

 

60.0

%

 

 

60.0

%

 

 

60.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Calculated fair value per PSU:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Awards Issued on January 1, 2020 and April 1, 2020

$

3.66

 

 

$

2.98

 

 

$

2.46

 

Share price targets

$

12.50

 

 

$

15.00

 

 

$

17.50

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Risk-free interest rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Awards Issued on January 1, 2019

 

2.44

%

 

 

2.44

%

 

 

2.44

%

Awards Issued on April 1, 2019

 

2.28

%

 

 

2.28

%

 

 

2.28

%

Awards Issued on July 1, 2019

 

1.73

%

 

 

1.73

%

 

 

1.73

%

Awards Issued on October 1, 2019

 

1.50

%

 

 

1.50

%

 

 

1.50

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividend yield

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expected volatility:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Awards Issued on January 1, 2019

 

54.0

%

 

 

54.0

%

 

 

54.0

%

Awards Issued on April 1, 2019

 

50.0

%

 

 

50.0

%

 

 

50.0

%

Awards Issued on July 1, 2019

 

57.0

%

 

 

57.0

%

 

 

57.0

%

Awards Issued on October 1, 2019

 

65.0

%

 

 

65.0

%

 

 

65.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Calculated fair value per PSU:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Awards Issued on January 1, 2019

$

6.76

 

 

$

5.86

 

 

$

5.11

 

Awards Issued on April 1, 2019

$

4.22

 

 

$

3.43

 

 

$

2.80

 

Awards Issued on July 1, 2019

$

2.63

 

 

$

2.05

 

 

$

1.64

 

Awards Issued on October 1, 2019

$

3.40

 

 

$

2.83

 

 

$

2.38

 

F-30


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

On April 20, 2012,

The following table summarizes information regarding the PSUs granted under the Legacy Amplify MIP for the period presented:

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Grant

 

 

Number of

 

 

Date Fair Value

 

 

Units

 

 

per Unit (1)

 

PSUs outstanding at December 31, 2018

 

393,500

 

 

$

8.14

 

Granted (2)

 

17,750

 

 

$

4.06

 

Forfeited

 

(22,750

)

 

$

7.59

 

Vested

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

PSUs outstanding at August 5, 2019

 

388,500

 

 

$

7.98

 

Ratio to convert PSUs (3)

 

0.933

 

 

 

 

 

Converted PSUs

 

362,471

 

 

 

 

 

PSUs outstanding on August 6, 2019 (4)

 

362,471

 

 

$

2.11

 

Granted (5)

 

17,500

 

 

$

2.87

 

Forfeited

 

(74,078

)

 

$

2.11

 

Vested

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

PSUs outstanding at December 31, 2019

 

305,893

 

 

$

2.15

 

Granted (6)

 

43,250

 

 

$

3.03

 

Forfeited

 

(134,589

)

 

$

2.11

 

Vested

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

PSUs outstanding at December 31, 2020

 

214,554

 

 

$

2.36

 

(1)

Determined by dividing the aggregate grant date fair value of awards by the number of awards issued.

(2)

The aggregate grant date fair value of PSUs issued for the period January 1, 2019 through August 5, 2019 was less than $0.1 million based on a calculated fair value price ranging from $1.64 to $6.76 per share.

(3)

The merger ratio used to convert Legacy Amplify PSUs into newly issued Company PSUs.

(4)

This reflects the unvested PSU awards converted into newly issued PSUs at August 6, 2019 based on a calculated fair value price ranging from $1.64 to $2.63 per share.

(5)

The aggregate grant date fair value of PSUs issued for the period August 6, 2019 through December 31, 2019 was less than $0.1 million based on a calculated fair value price ranging from $2.38 to $3.40 per share.

(6)

The aggregate grant date fair value of PSUs issued for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $0.1 million based on a calculated fair value price ranging from $2.46 to $3.66 per share.

2017 Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan

In June 2017, in connection with the Plan, Legacy Amplify implemented the Legacy Amplify Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan to attract and retain services of experienced non-employee directors of the Company establishedor its subsidiaries. At December 31, 2020, 104,503 shares remain available for issuance under the 2012 LTIPLegacy Amplify Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan.

The Legacy Amplify Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan awards are granted in the form of nonqualified stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, and filedother cash-based awards and stock-based awards. To the extent that an award under the Legacy Amplify Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan is expired, forfeited or cancelled for any reason without having been exercised in full, the unexercised award would then be available again for grant under the Legacy Amplify Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan. Awards granted generally vest annually in 3 equal installments on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date, subject to the grantee’s continued employment through each such vesting date.

The restricted stock units with a Form S-8service vesting condition (“Board RSUs”) granted are accounted for as equity-classified awards. The grant-date fair value is recognized as compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period and forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. Compensation costs are recorded as general and administrative expense. The unrecognized cost associated with Board RSUs was less than $0.1 million at December 31, 2020. We expect to recognize the SEC. unrecognized compensation cost for these awards over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years.

F-31


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The 2012 LTIP providedfollowing table summarizes information regarding the Board RSUs granted under the Director Compensation Plan for the granting of Options (Incentive and other),period presented:

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Grant

 

 

Number of

 

 

Date Fair Value

 

 

Units

 

 

per Unit (1)

 

Board RSUs outstanding at December 31, 2018

 

39,604

 

 

$

11.36

 

Granted (2)

 

42,933

 

 

$

6.95

 

Forfeited

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

Vested

 

(49,723

)

 

$

9.54

 

Board RSUs outstanding at August 5, 2019

 

32,814

 

 

$

8.35

 

Ratio to convert Board RSUs (3)

 

0.933

 

 

 

 

 

Converted Board RSUs

 

30,616

 

 

 

 

 

Board RSUs outstanding on August 6, 2019 (4)

 

30,616

 

 

$

5.12

 

Granted

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

Forfeited

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

Vested

 

(14,459

)

 

$

5.12

 

Board RSUs outstanding at December 31, 2019

 

16,157

 

 

$

5.12

 

Granted

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

Forfeited

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

Vested

 

(7,259

)

 

$

5.12

 

Board RSUs outstanding at December 31, 2020

 

8,898

 

 

$

5.12

 

(1)

Determined by dividing the aggregate grant date fair value of awards by the number of awards issued.

(2)

The aggregate grant date fair value of Board RSUs issued for the period from January 1, 2019 through August 5, 2019 was $0.3 million based on a grant date market price of $6.95 per share.

(3)

The merger ratio used to convert Legacy Amplify Board RSUs into newly issued Company Board RSUs.

(4)

This reflects the unvested Board RSU awards converted into newly issued Board RSUs at August 6, 2019 in which the stock price was at $5.12 per share.

Midstates Restricted Stock Awards, RSUs, Stock Appreciation Rights, Dividend Equivalents, Bonus Stock, Other Stock-Based Awards, Annual Incentive Awards, Performance Awards,Units

Midstates restricted stock units are accounted for as equity-classified awards. Restricted stock units granted to employees in 2019 under the Midstates 2016 LTIP would have vested in full on March 1, 2021, or any combinationupon the occurrence of a change in control. Upon the closing of the foregoing. Subject to certain limitations as defined in the 2012 LTIP, the terms of each Award were determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The 2012 LTIP was cancelled upon the Company’s emergence on the Effective Date.Merger all restricted stock units outstanding vested.

Restricted Stock Units

As of December 31, 2017, the CompanyOn August 5, 2019 Midstates had 324,984 shares of RSUs585,547 restricted stock units outstanding related to employees and non-employee directors pursuantcertain executive management and in connection with the Merger all outstanding restricted stock units vested. NaN restricted stock units were outstanding at December 31, 2019.

Midstates 2019 Performance Stock Units Issued to Certain Members of Executive Management Containing a Market Condition

On March 7, 2019, Midstates issued 193,921 restricted stock units to certain members of Midstates executive management team that contained a market vesting condition. Midstates previously accounted for these restricted stock awards as equity awards. In connection with the Merger all 193,921 restricted stock units issued were cancelled and 0 shares were outstanding at December 31, 2019.

Midstates Stock Options

The Midstates stock options are accounted for as equity-classified awards. Stock Option awards outstanding under the Midstates 2016 LTIP excluding RSUs issued to non-employee directors containing a market condition and RSUs issued to the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) containing a market condition, which are discussed below. RSUs granted to employees under the 2016 LTIP vestwould have vested ratably over a period of three years: one-sixth will vest on the six-month anniversary of the grant date, an additional one-sixth will vest on the twelve-month anniversary of the grant date, an additional one-third will vest on the twenty-four month anniversary of the grant date and the final one-third will vest on the thirty-six month anniversary of the grant date. RSUs granted to non-employee directors vest on the first to occur of (i) one-year elapses from the grant date, (ii) the date the non-employee director ceases to be a director of the Board (other than for cause), (iii) the director’s death, (iv) the director’s disability or (v) a change in control of the Company.

If an employee terminates employment prior to the vesting date, the outstanding award is forfeited. RSUs are subject to accelerated vesting in the event a recipient’s employment is terminated prior to the vesting date by the Company without “Cause” or by the participant with “Good Reason” (each, as defined in the 2016 LTIP) or due to the participant’s death or disability.

The fair value of RSUs was based on grant date fair value of the Company’s common stock. Compensation expense is recognized ratably over the requisite service period.

F-32



Table of Contents

The following table summarizes the Company’s non-vested restricted stock unit award activity for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015:

 

 

Restricted Stock

 

Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

 

Non-vested shares outstanding at December 31, 2014 (Predecessor)

 

306,202

 

$

52.76

 

Granted

 

268,677

 

$

12.29

 

Vested

 

(162,689

)

$

54.39

 

Forfeited

 

(94,159

)

$

38.69

 

Non-vested shares outstanding at December 31, 2015 (Predecessor)

 

318,031

 

$

21.46

 

Granted

 

 

$

 

Vested

 

(162,393

)

$

23.09

 

Forfeited

 

(47,325

)

$

19.02

 

Non-vested shares outstanding at October 20, 2016 (Predecessor)

 

108,313

 

$

20.08

 

Cancellation of non-vested shares

 

(108,313

)

$

20.08

 

Non-vested shares outstanding at October 20, 2016 (Predecessor)

 

 

$

 

Granted at Effective Date

 

686,324

 

$

19.66

 

Non-vested shares outstanding at October 21, 2016 (Successor)

 

686,324

 

$

19.66

 

Granted

 

2,035

 

$

20.97

 

Forfeited

 

(2,697

)

$

19.66

 

Non-vested shares outstanding at December 31, 2016 (Successor)

 

685,662

 

$

19.66

 

Granted

 

85,389

 

$

16.50

 

Vested(1)

 

(335,958

)

$

19.65

 

Forfeited

 

(110,109

)

$

19.66

 

Non-vested shares outstanding at December 31, 2017 (Successor)

 

324,984

 

$

18.84

 


(1)                                 Vested RSUs include 109,820 awards in which vesting was accelerated to October 21, 2017 as a result of the former CEO’s amended employment agreement, as well as, 57,856 director awards that vested at December 31, 2017 but receipt/issuance of the vested shares was deferred until 2020.

On August 22, 2017, the Company amended the employment agreement of Fredric F. Brace, former President and Chief Executive Officer (the “Executive Employment Amendment”). Among other provisions, the Executive Employment Amendment accelerated the vesting of all outstanding equity awards of Mr. Brace to October 21, 2017. As a result, approximately $1.2 million of compensation expense associated with Mr. Brace’s non-vested restricted stock was accelerated into the third and fourth quarters of 2017.

The share-based compensation costs (net of amounts capitalized to oil and gas properties) related to RSUs recognized as general and administrative expense by the Company for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015, was $5.8 million, $1.7 million, $2.6 million and $4.4 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company capitalized $1.3 million, $0.4 million, $0.5 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of qualifying restricted stock unit share-based compensation costs to oil and gas properties.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company announced that its corporate headquarters was relocating from Houston, Texas to Tulsa, Oklahoma, which resulted in the accelerated vesting of restricted stock awards under the 2012 LTIP in the period for Houston employees subject to a severance agreement. Of the $4.4 million in share-based compensation for year ended December 31, 2015, approximately $1.5 million was related to the accelerated vesting for employees impacted by the corporate relocation.

Unrecognized expense as of December 31, 2017 for all outstanding RSUs under the 2016 LTIP Plan was $3.5 million and will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.4 years.

F-33



Table of Contents

Stock Options

On December 31, 2017, the Company had 245,845 options outstanding pursuant to the 2016 LTIP. Stock Option Awards granted under the 2016 LTIP vest ratably over a period of three years: one-sixth will vest on the six-month anniversary of the grant date, an additional one-sixth will vest on the twelve-month anniversary of the grant date, an additional one-third will vest on the twenty-four month anniversary of the grant date and the final one-third will vest on the thirty-six month anniversary of the grant date. Stock Option Awardsawards expire 10 years from the grant date.

If an employee terminates employment prior to the vesting date, the outstanding award is forfeited. Stock options are subject to accelerated vesting in the event a recipient’s employment is terminated prior to the vesting date by the Company without “Cause” or by the participant with “Good Reason” (each, as defined in the 2016 LTIP) or due to the participant’s death or disability.

The Company utilizes the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock option awards. Determining the fair value of equity-based awards requires judgment, including estimating the expected term that stock option awards will be outstanding prior to exercise and the associated volatility.

The weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock option awards granted in 2017 and 2016 are as follows:

 

 

Awards Issued in
2017

 

Awards Issued in
2016

 

Weighted-average assumptions used:

 

 

 

 

 

Risk-free interest rate (1)

 

2.11

%

1.38

%

Dividend yield

 

 

 

Expected option life (2)

 

5.96

 

5.96

 

Expected volatility (3)

 

65.0

%

60.0

%

Calculated fair value per stock option

 

$

11.43

 

$

10.88

 


(1)      U.S. Treasury yields as of the grant date were utilized for the risk-free interest rate assumption, matching the treasury yield terms to the expected life of the option.

(2)      As the Company does not have significant history associated with On August 5, 2019, Midstates had 54,365 stock options expected option life assumptions were developed using the simplified methodoutstanding and in accordance with US GAAP. A change in the expected option life of +/- 2 years would impact expense by $0.1 million and $(0.2) million for the Successor Period and $0.9 million and $(1.1) million over the vesting period of three years. Stock options granted during the year ended December 31, 2017 were not significant.

(3)      As the Company does not have significant stock option history, it utilized six peer companies of comparable size and industry to estimate volatility utilizing a period that is commensurateconnection with the expected option life. The Company weighted historical volatility and implied volatility 50/50 for those peer companies where both were available, with volatility ranging in the peer companies from 36.9% to 68.2% in 2017 and 38.5% to 65.9% in 2016. 

F-34



Table of Contents

The following table summarizes the Company’s 2016 LTIP non-vested stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2017 and the Successor Period:

 

 

Options

 

Range of 
Exercise Prices

 

Weighted 
Average
Exercise Price

 

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Term (Years)

 

Stock options outstanding at October 21, 2016

 

628,468

 

$

19.66

 

$

19.66

 

8.8

 

Granted

 

2,035

 

$

20.97

 

$

20.97

 

8.9

 

Vested

 

 

$

 

$

 

 

Forfeited

 

(2,697

)

 

 

$

19.66

 

 

Stock options outstanding at December 31, 2016

 

627,806

 

 

 

$

19.66

 

8.8

 

Granted

 

4,000

 

$

19.08

 

$

19.08

 

9.2

 

Vested (1)

 

(253,678

)

$

19.08-20.97

 

$

19.66

 

 

Forfeited

 

(132,283

)

$

19.66

 

$

19.66

 

 

Stock options outstanding at December 31, 2017

 

245,845

 

 

 

$

19.66

 

8.9

 

Vested and exercisable at end of period (2)

 

253,678

 

$

19.08-20.97

 

$

19.66

 

8.8

 


(1)         Vested stock options include 109,820 awards in which vesting was accelerated to October 21, 2017 as a result of the former CEO’s amended employment agreement.

(2)         Vested and exercisable options at December 31, 2017, had no aggregate intrinsic value. There were no vested options at December 31, 2016.

On August 22, 2017, the Company amended the Executive Employment Amendment. Among other provisions, the Executive Employment Amendment accelerated the vesting of all outstanding equity awards of Mr. Brace to October 21, 2017. As a result, approximately $0.7 million of compensation expense associated with Mr. Brace’s non-vested stock options was accelerated into the third and fourth quarters of 2017.

The share-based compensation costs (net of amounts capitalized to oil and gas properties) related to stock options recognized as general and administrative expense by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $2.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company capitalized $0.7 million and $0.2 million, respectively, of qualifying stock option share-based compensation costs to oil and gas properties.

Unrecognized expense as of December 31, 2017 forMerger all outstanding stock options was $1.3 million and will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.3 years.vested. NaN stock options were outstanding at December 31, 2019.

Midstates Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Units Containing a Market Condition

On November 23, 2016, the CompanyMidstates issued certain RSUsrestricted stock units to its non-employee directors that containcontained a market vesting condition. These RSUs will vest (i) onMidstates previously recognized the first business day followingnon-employee director restricted stock units containing a market condition as liability awards. On August 5, 2019, Midstates had 50,864 market condition awards outstanding and in connection with the date on which the trailing 60-day average share price (including any dividends paid) of the Company’s commonMerger all restricted stock is equalunits to or greater than $30.00 or (ii) upon a change in control of the Company. Additionally, all unvested RSUs containingnon-employee directors that contained a market vesting condition will be immediately forfeited upon the first to occur of (i) the fifth (5th) anniversary of the grant date or (ii) any participant’s termination for any reason (except for a termination as part of a change in control of the Company).

These restricted stock awards are accounted for as liability awards under FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718 as the awards allow for the withholding of taxes at the discretion of the non-employee director. The liability is re-measured, with a corresponding adjustment to earnings, at each fiscal quarter-end during the performance cycle. The liability and related compensation expense of these awards for each period is recognized by dividing the fair value of the total liability by the requisite service period and recording the pro rata share for the period for which service has already been provided. As there are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and the Company’s judgment in applying them to the fair value determinations, there is risk that the recorded compensation may not accurately reflect the amount ultimately earned by the non-employee directors.

F-35



Table of Contents

A Monte Carlo simulation was used in order to determine the fair value of these awards as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. The assumptions used to estimate the fair value of restricted stock unit awards with a market conditionvested. NaN shares were outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

December 31, 2016

 

Risk-free interest rate (1)

 

2.06

%

1.89

%

Dividend yield

 

 

 

Expected volatility (2)

 

54.8

%

60.0

%

Market Price Hurdle

 

$

30.00

 

$

30.00

 

Calculated fair value per restricted stock unit

 

$

11.54

 

$

17.71

 


(1)   U.S. Treasury yields as of the grant date were utilized for the risk-free interest rate assumption, matching the treasury yield terms2019 related to the expected life of thenon-employee director restricted stock unit.

(2)   As the Company does not have a significant stock trading history, it utilized six peer companies of comparable size and industry to estimate volatility utilizing a period that is commensurate with the expected option life. The Company weighted historical volatility and implied volatility 50/50 for those peer companies where both were available, with volatility ranging in the peer companies from 55.1% to 89.0% and 39.8% to 61.4%, respectively.

The restricted stock unit awards issued to non-employee directorsunits containing a market condition had a derived service period of one year. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded $0.9 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of liabilities included within accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets related to the market condition awards. As of December 31, 2017, there was no unrecognized stock-based compensation related to director market condition awards.condition.

F-32


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Compensation Expense

The following table reflects the outstanding non-employee director restricted stock unit awards containing a market condition for the year ended December 31, 2017 and the Successor Period:

 

 

Shares

 

Weighted Average
Fair Value

 

Outstanding at October 21, 2016

 

 

$

 

Granted

 

76,296

 

$

17.71

 

Vested

 

 

$

 

Forfeited

 

 

$

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2016

 

76,296

 

$

17.71

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2017

 

76,296

 

$

17.71

 

Chief Executive Officer Restricted Stock Units Containing a Market Condition

On November 1, 2017, the Company issued certain RSUs to our CEO that contain a market vesting condition. These RSUs will vest, if at all, based on the Company’s total stockholder return for the performance period of October 25, 2017 through October 31, 2020. Market conditions under this grant are (1) with respect to 50% of the RSUs granted, the Company’s cumulative total shareholder return (“TSR”) which is defined as the change in the value of the stock over the performance period with the beginning and ending stock price based on a 20-day average stock price and (2) with respect to the remaining 50% of the RSUs granted, the Company’s “Relative TSR” as follows:

 

 

Actual TSR for the Performance Period

 

Vesting as % of 
50% of RSUs 
Granted

 

Relative TSR for the Performance Period

 

Vesting as % of 
50% of RSUs 
Granted

 

Maximum

 

25% or greater compounded annual growth (“CAGR”)

 

120

%

Top 5% or better Relative TSR to Peer Group

 

120

%

Target

 

20% or greater CAGR

 

100

%

Top 33.3% or better Relative TSR to Peer Group

 

100

%

Threshold

 

15% or greater CAGR

 

50

%

Top 50% or better Relative TSR to Peer Group

 

50

%

Below Threshold

 

Less than 15% CAGR

 

0

%

Less than 50% of Relative TSR to Peer Group

 

0

%

F-36



Table of Contents

To the extent that actual TSR or Relative TSR for the performance period is between specified vesting levels, the portion of the RSUs that shall become vested based on actual and relative TSR performance shall be determined on a pro rata basis using straight-line interpolation; provided that the maximum portion of the RSUs that may become vested based on actual cumulative TSR or relative TSR for the performance period shall not exceed 120% of the awards granted.

If the CEO terminates employment prior to vesting, the outstanding award is forfeited. The CEO RSUs with a market condition are subject to accelerated vesting in the event the CEO’s employment is terminated prior to vesting by the Company without “Cause” or by the participant with “Good Reason” (each, as defined in the 2016 LTIP) or due to the participant’s death or disability. Upon a change in control, the compensation committee of the board of directors could (1) accelerate all or a portion of the award, (2) cancel all of the award and pay cash, stock or combination equal to the change in control price, (3) provide for the assumption or substitution or continuation by the successor company, (4) certify to the extent to which the vesting conditions had been achieved prior to the conclusion of the performance period or (5) adjust RSUs to reflect the change in control.

These restricted stock awards are accounted for as equity awards under FASB ASC 718 as the awards are settled in shares of the Company with no additional settlement options permitted. At the grant date, the Company estimated the fair value of this equity award. The compensation expense of this award each period is recognized by dividing the fair value of the total award by the requisite service period and recording the pro rata share for the period for which service has already been provided. As there are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and the Company’s judgment in applying them to the fair value determinations, there is risk that the recorded compensation may not accurately reflectsummarizes the amount ultimately earned by the CEO.

A Monte Carlo simulation was used in order to determine the fair value of these awards at the grant date. The assumptions used to estimate the fair value of CEO’s restricted stock unit awards with a market condition are as follows:

Awards Issued 
November 1, 2017

Risk-free interest rate (1)

1.74%

Dividend yield

Expected volatility

41.0% - 130.0%

Calculated fair value per unit

$10.92


(1)   U.S. Treasury yields as of the grant date were utilized for the risk-free interest rate assumption, matching the treasury yield terms to the life of the CEO restricted stock unit award with a market condition.

The RSUs issued to the CEO containing a market condition have a service period of three years. The share-basedrecognized compensation costs related to the CEO RSUs containing a market condition recognized as general and administrative expense by the Company was $0.1 million at December 31, 2017. As of December 31, 2017, unrecognized stock-based compensation related to CEO RSUs containing a market condition was $1.4 million and will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.8 years.

The following table reflects the outstanding CEO RSUs containing a market condition for the year ended December 31, 2017:

 

 

Shares

 

Weighted Average
Fair Value

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2016

 

 

$

 

Granted

 

135,778

 

$

10.92

 

Vested

 

 

$

 

Forfeited

 

 

$

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2017

 

135,778

 

$

10.92

 

F-37



Table of Contents

Unrestricted Common Share Awards

On November 7, 2016, 12,400 shares of unrestricted stock were issued to employees and non-employee directors, which vested immediately upon issuance. For the Successor Period, total expense associated with these unrestricted vested common shares was $0.2 million. There was no unrecognized expense associated with these awards at December 31, 2017 or 2016.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense Summary

The following summarizes stock-based compensation expensethat are reflected in the accompanying statements of operations for the periods presented (in thousands):

 

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

For the Year 
Ended 
December 31,

 

For the 
Period 
October 21,
 2016
through 
December 

 

 

For the 
Period 
January 1,
2016
through 
October 20, 

 

For the Year 
Ended 
December 31,

 

 

 

2017

 

31, 2016

 

 

2016

 

2015

 

Restricted stock units (Predecessor)

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

3,040

 

$

5,755

 

Restricted stock units (Successor)

 

7,083

 

2,114

 

 

 

 

Stock options (Successor)

 

3,289

 

1,046

 

 

 

 

Non-employee director restricted stock units with a market condition (Successor)

 

736

 

142

 

 

 

 

CEO restricted stock units with a market condition (Successor)

 

83

 

 

 

 

 

Unrestricted stock awards (Successor)

 

 

244

 

 

 

 

Total stock-based compensation

 

11,191

 

3,546

 

 

3,040

 

5,755

 

Less: amounts capitalized to oil and natural gas properties

 

(1,995

)

(637

)

 

(476

)

(1,347

)

Net stock-based compensation

 

$

9,196

 

$

2,909

 

 

$

2,564

 

$

4,408

 

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Equity classified awards

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TSUs

$

267

 

 

$

1,797

 

PSUs

 

98

 

 

 

981

 

Board RSUs

 

19

 

 

 

264

 

 

$

384

 

 

$

3,042

 

 

Note 13. Income TaxesLeases

The Company adopted ASU 842, leases, on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach with a cumulative impact to retained earnings. The adoption of this standard has resulted in an increase in the assets and liabilities on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company has completed the review and evaluation of current and potential leases which resulted primarily in our corporate office lease and some minor equipment and vehicle leases qualifying under the new guidance. Based upon this analysis, the impact of the new guidance established a liability and the corresponding asset of $5.4 million at January 1, 2019.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, our leases qualify as operating leases and we did not have any existing or new leases qualifying as financing leases. We have leases for office space and equipment in our corporate office and operating regions as well as vehicles, compressors and surface rentals related to our business operations. In addition, we have offshore Southern California pipeline right-of-way use agreements. Most of our leases, other than our corporate office lease, have an initial term and may be extended on a month-to-month basis after expiration of the initial term. Most of our leases can be terminated with 30-day prior written notice. The majority of our month-to-month leases are not included as a lease liability in our balance sheet under ASC 842 because continuation of the lease is not reasonably certain. Additionally, the Company elected the short-term practical expedient to exclude leases with a term of twelve months or less.

Our corporate office lease does not provide an implicit rate. To determine the present value of the lease payments, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the inception date. To determine the incremental borrowing rate, we apply a portfolio approach based on the applicable lease terms and the current economic environment. We use a reasonable market interest rate for our office equipment and vehicle leases.

For the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, we recognized approximately $2.4 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of costs relating to the operating leases in the Statements of Consolidated Operations.

The following table presents the Company’s right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for the period presented:

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Right-of-use asset

$

2,500

 

 

$

4,406

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lease liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current lease liability

 

2,258

 

 

 

1,712

 

Long-term lease liability

 

266

 

 

 

2,720

 

Total lease liability

$

2,524

 

 

$

4,432

 

F-33


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

The following table reflects the Company’s maturity analysis of the minimum lease payment obligations under non-cancelable operating leases with a remaining term in excess of one year (in thousands):

 

Office leases

 

 

Leased vehicles and office equipment

 

 

Total

 

2021

$

1,631

 

 

$

634

 

 

$

2,265

 

2022

 

140

 

 

 

157

 

 

 

297

 

2023

 

0

 

 

 

35

 

 

 

35

 

2024 and thereafter

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Total lease payments

 

1,771

 

 

 

826

 

 

 

2,597

 

Less: interest

 

51

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

73

 

Present value of lease liabilities

$

1,720

 

 

$

804

 

 

$

2,524

 

The weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rate for all of our operating leases for the period presented:

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Weighted average remaining lease term (years):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Office leases

 

0.74

 

 

 

1.50

 

Vehicles

 

0.34

 

 

 

0.44

 

Office equipment

 

0.04

 

 

 

0.08

 

Weighted average discount rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Office leases

 

3.41

%

 

 

3.63

%

Vehicles

 

0.96

%

 

 

0.84

%

Office equipment

 

0.17

%

 

 

0.18

%

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company emergedrecorded a $4.2 million loss on lease, which relates to the Midstates corporate office lease. The office was vacated in mid-November 2019. Due to excess sublease inventory in the local market, a liability has been accrued for rent and other operating expenses based upon the term and provisions of the lease.

Note 14. Supplemental Disclosures to the Consolidated Balance Sheet and Condensed Statement of Cash Flows

Accrued Liabilities

Current accrued liabilities consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands):

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Accrued lease operating expense

$

8,978

 

 

$

11,794

 

Accrued commitment fee and other expense

 

4,404

 

 

 

0

 

Accrued general and administrative expense

 

3,349

 

 

 

3,126

 

Operating lease liability

 

2,258

 

 

 

1,712

 

Accrued production and ad valorem tax

 

2,601

 

 

 

520

 

Accrued capital expenditures

 

173

 

 

 

5,515

 

Asset retirement obligations

 

424

 

 

 

623

 

Accrued current income taxes

 

110

 

 

 

0

 

Accrued interest payable

 

26

 

 

 

36

 

Other

 

354

 

 

 

32

 

Accrued liabilities

$

22,677

 

 

$

23,358

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents Reconciliation

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheet to cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash on the Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows (in thousands):

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Cash and cash equivalents

$

10,364

 

 

$

0

 

Restricted cash

 

0

 

 

 

325

 

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

$

10,364

 

 

$

325

 

F-34


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Supplemental Cash Flows

Supplemental cash flow for the periods presented (in thousands):

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Supplemental cash flows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized

$

10,331

 

 

$

15,937

 

Cash paid for reorganization items, net

 

566

 

 

 

1,057

 

Cash paid for taxes

 

85

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Noncash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Change in capital expenditures in payables and accrued liabilities

 

(5,343

)

 

 

2,143

 

Assumption of asset retirement obligations related to Merger

 

0

 

 

 

9,440

 

Assets acquired & liabilities assumed in the Merger:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

0

 

 

 

14,633

 

Prepaids and other current assets

 

0

 

 

 

3,229

 

Other non-current assets

 

0

 

 

 

9,075

 

Oil and natural gas properties

 

0

 

 

 

149,421

 

Other property and equipment

 

0

 

 

 

1,694

 

Accounts payable and other current liabilities

 

0

 

 

 

(24,135

)

Other non-current liabilities

 

0

 

 

 

(5,067

)

Long-term debt

 

0

 

 

 

(76,559

)

Issuance of common stock in connection with the Merger

 

0

 

 

 

91,541

 

Related Party Agreements

There have been 0 transactions between us and a related person in which the related person had a direct or indirect material interest for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Secondary Public Offering of Common Stock for Selling Stockholders

On December 11, 2020, certain selling stockholders of the Company (the “Selling Stockholders”), Roth Capital Partners, LLC (the “Underwriter”) and the Company entered into an underwriting agreement, pursuant to which the Selling Stockholders agreed to sell to the Underwriter, and the Underwriter agreed to purchase from bankruptcythe Selling Stockholders, subject to and upon the terms and conditions set forth therein, an aggregate of 8,548,485 shares of Common Stock. The offering closed on December 15, 2020. The Company did 0t receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of Common Stock in the offering.

The offering was made pursuant to effective shelf registration statements (File No. 333-233677, effective October 2016. Under11, 2019, and 333-215602, effective May 1, 2018) and prospectuses filed by the Company with the SEC. The offering of these securities was made only by means of a prospectus and prospectus supplement.

Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation and Environmental

As part of our normal business activities, we may be named as defendants in litigation and legal proceedings, including those arising from regulatory and environmental matters.

We are not aware of any litigation, pending or threatened, that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows; however, cash flow could be significantly impacted in the reporting periods in which such matters are resolved.

Although we are insured against various risks to the extent we believe it is prudent, there is no assurance that the nature and amount of such insurance will be adequate, in every case, to indemnify us against liabilities arising from future legal proceedings.

F-35


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Environmental costs for remediation are accrued based on estimates of known remediation requirements. Such accruals are based on management’s best estimate of the ultimate cost to remediate a site and are adjusted as further information and circumstances develop. Those estimates may change substantially depending on information about the nature and extent of contamination, appropriate remediation technologies and regulatory approvals. Expenditures to mitigate or prevent future environmental contamination are capitalized. Ongoing environmental compliance costs are charged to expense as incurred. In accruing for environmental remediation liabilities, costs of future expenditures for environmental remediation are not discounted to their present value, unless the amount and timing of the expenditures are fixed or reliably determinable.

At December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had 0 environmental reserves recorded.

Application for Final Decree

On April 30, 2018, the Legacy Amplify debtors filed with the Bankruptcy Plan,Court a substantialmotion for a final decree and entry of an order closing the Chapter 11 cases with respect to each of the Legacy Amplify debtors other than (i) San Pedro Bay Pipeline Company, Ch. 11 Case No. 17-30249, (ii) Rise Energy Beta, LLC, Ch. 11 Case No. 17-30250, and (iii) Beta Operating Company, LLC, Ch. 11 Case No. 17-30253, (collectively, the “Closing Debtors”). On May 30, 2018, the Bankruptcy Court entered the final decree closing the Chapter 11 cases of the Closing Debtors.

On August 24, 2020, the Legacy Amplify debtors filed with the Bankruptcy Court a motion for a final decree closing the remaining Chapter 11 cases with respect to (i) San Pedro Bay Pipeline Company, Ch. 11 Case No. 17-30249, (ii) Rise Energy Beta, LLC, Ch. 11 Case No. 17-30250, and (iii) Beta Operating Company, LLC, Ch. 11 Case No. 17-30253. On September 15, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court entered the final decree closing the remaining Chapter 11 cases. Accordingly, certain expenses, gains and losses that were realized or incurred in the bankruptcy proceedings are recorded in “reorganization items, net” on the Company’s Statement of Consolidated Operations.

Sinking Fund Trust Agreement

Beta Operating Company, LLC (“Beta”), a wholly owned subsidiary, assumed an obligation with a third party to make payments into a sinking fund in connection with its 2009 acquisition of our properties in federal waters offshore Southern California, the purpose of which is to provide funds adequate to decommission the portion of the Company’s pre-petition debt securities were extinguished. Absent an exception, a debtor recognizes cancellationSan Pedro Bay Pipeline that lies within state waters and the surface facilities. Under the terms of indebtedness income (“CODI”) upon dischargethe agreement, the operator of its outstanding indebtedness forthe properties is obligated to make monthly deposits into the sinking fund account in an amount equal to $0.25 per barrel of consideration that is less than its adjusted issue price.oil and other liquid hydrocarbon produced from the acquired working interest. Interest earned in the account stays in the account. The Internal Revenue Codeobligation to fund ceases when the aggregate value of 1986,the account reaches $4.3 million. As of December 31, 2020, the account balance included in restricted investments was approximately $4.6 million.

Supplemental Bond for Decommissioning Liabilities Trust Agreement

Beta has an obligation with the BOEM in connection with the 2009 acquisition of the Beta Properties. The Company had previously supported this obligation with $71.3 million of A-rated surety bonds and $90.2 million in cash, but $90.0 million of cash was released to the Company on June 24, 2019. Following the release, Beta’s decommissioning obligations remain fully supported by $161.3 million in A-rated surety bonds and $0.3 million in cash at December 31, 2020. Pursuant to the terms of our existing bonding arrangements with various sureties in connection with the decommissioning obligations related to our Beta Properties, we may be required to post collateral at any time, on demand, at the sureties’ sole discretion, which may negatively impact our liquidity position. The expense related to the surety bonds are recorded in interest expense in our Statement of Consolidated Operations.

Operating Leases

We have leases for offshore Southern California pipeline right-of-way use as amended (“IRC”), provides thatwell as office space in our operating regions. We also lease equipment, compressors and incur surface rentals related to our business operations.

For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, we recognized $8.3 million and $7.5 million of rent expense, respectively.

See Note 13 for the minimum lease payment obligations under non-cancelable operating leases with a debtorremaining term in excess of one year.

F-36


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Purchase Commitments

At December 31, 2020, we had a bankruptcy case may exclude CODI from taxable income but must reduce certain of its tax attributes byCO2 purchase commitment with a third party associated with our Wyoming Bairoil properties.The price we will pay for CO2 generally varies depending on the amount of CO2 delivered and the price of oil. The table below outlines our purchase commitments under these contracts based on pricing at December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payment or Settlement Due by Period

 

Purchase commitment

 

Total

 

 

2021

 

 

2022

 

 

2023

 

 

2024

 

 

2025

 

 

Thereafter

 

CO2 minimum purchase commitment

 

$

6,969

 

 

$

3,729

 

 

$

3,240

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

0

 

Minimum Volume Commitment

At December 31, 2020, we had a long-term minimum volume commitments with third parties associated with a certain portion of our properties located in Oklahoma and East Texas. The table below outlines the future payment commitments associated with the minimum volume commitment plus any CODI realizedapplicable fee for not meeting the minimum volume commitment (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payment or Settlement Due by Period (1)

 

Minimum volume commitment

 

Total

 

 

2021

 

 

2022

 

 

2023

 

 

2024

 

 

2025

 

 

Thereafter

 

Midstream services

 

$

28,193

 

 

$

12,841

 

 

$

12,394

 

 

$

2,958

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

0

 

(1) The amounts in the table do not reflect costs adjusted for inflation.

The Company is party to a gas purchase, gathering and processing contract in Oklahoma, which includes certain minimum NGL commitments. To the extent the Company does not deliver natural gas volumes in sufficient quantities to generate, when processed, the minimum levels of recovered NGLS, it would be required to reimburse the counterparty an amount equal to sum of the monthly shortfall, if any, multiplied by a fee. Beginning in June 2019, the Company started not meeting the minimum volume required under these contractual provisions. The commitment fee expense for the year ended December 31, 2020, was approximately $2.1 million. The commitment fee/expense for the period from June through December 2019 was $0.7 million.

The Company is party to a gas purchase, gathering and processing contract in East Texas, which includes certain minimum gas commitments. The Company notes that a shortfall had occurred for the year ended December 31, 2020 and has established an accrual for the commitment fee expense of $1.8 million.

Note 17. Income Tax

Amplify Energy is a corporation and as a result, is subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the President of the consummationUnited States signed into law the CARES Act in March 2020. The CARES Act adjusted a number of a plan of reorganization. The amount of CODI realized by a taxpayer is the adjusted issue price of any indebtedness discharged less the sum of (i) the amount of cash paid, (ii) the issue price of any new indebtedness issued and (iii) the fair market value of any other consideration, including equity, issued. As a resultprovisions of the market valuetax code, including interest deduction limitations, the treatment of equity upon emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings, the estimated amount of U.S. CODI is approximately $1.2 billion, which reduced the value of the Company’s U.S. net operating losses, and other assets.tax credits. The actual reduction in tax attributes occurred on the first dayenactment of the Company’s tax year subsequentCARES Act did not result in any material adjustments to the dateCompany’s current year income tax provision.

The components of emergence, or January 1, 2017.income tax benefit (expense) are as follows:

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Current taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

$

(5

)

 

$

0

 

State

 

(110

)

 

 

50

 

Total current income tax benefit (expense)

 

(115

)

 

 

50

 

Deferred taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

State

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Total deferred income tax benefit (expense)

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Total income tax benefit (expense)

$

(115

)

 

$

50

 

F-37


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

The Company had a full reduction of its federal and state NOL carryforwards and a reduction of the tax basis in its fixed assets as of January 1, 2017, pursuant to IRC section 108.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“the Tax Act”) was enacted into law and the new legislation contains several key tax provisions that affected the Company, primarily a reduction of the corporateactual income tax rate to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The Company is required to recognize the effect of the tax law changes in the period of enactment, such as re-measuring our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities as well as reassessing the net realizability of our deferred tax assets and liabilities. In December 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which allows the Company to record provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. As the Tax Act was passed late in the fourth quarter of 2017, ongoing guidancebenefit (expense) differs from the Department of Treasury and state agencies and accounting interpretation is expected to be issued overamount computed by applying the next 12 months. Therefore, the Company considers the accounting of certain items, as discussed below, to be incomplete due to forthcoming guidance and the ongoing analysis of final year-end data and tax positions.

F-38



Table of Contents

The Company has estimated deductions of $10.9 million associated with the full expensing of the costs of qualified property that were incurred and placed in service during the period from September 27, 2017 to December 31, 2017. The Company continues to analyze assets placed in service after September 27, 2017, but not qualifying for full expensing as a result of being acquired under an agreement entered into prior to that date. In addition, further guidance and analysis is required in order to review the terms of our compensation plans and agreements and assess the impact of transitional guidance related to IRC Section 162(m) on awards granted prior to November 2, 2017, subject to the grandfather provisions. As a result, the Company has not adjusted certain tax items previously reported on its financial statements for IRC Section 162(m) until it is able to obtain sufficient information to make a reasonable estimate of the effects of the Tax Act. The Company expects to complete its analysis within the measurement period in accordance with SAB No. 118.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets of $120.1 million, of which $72.6 million relates to deferred tax assets on the Company’s property and equipment. The change in the Company’s valuation allowance was driven by two amounts; (1) a $32.5 million increase due to the Company’s yearly activity from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017; and (2) a $73.2 million reduction as a result of the reduction of thefederal statutory corporate tax rate of 21% in the Tax Act.2020 and in 2019 as follows:

 

As of December 31, 2017, the Company has not recorded a reserve for any uncertain tax positions. The Company believes that there are no new items, nor changes in facts or judgments that should impact the Company’s tax position. No federal income tax payments are expected in the upcoming four quarterly reporting periods.

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

For the Year Ended

 

For the Period 
October 21, 2016 
through

 

 

For the Period 
January 1, 2016 
through

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

December 31, 2016

 

 

October 20, 2016

 

December 31, 2015

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United States

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

State

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total current

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United States

 

 

 

 

 

(3,864

)

State

 

 

 

 

 

(5,777

)

Total deferred

 

 

 

 

 

(9,641

)

Total income tax provision (benefit)

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

(9,641

)

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Expected tax benefit (expense) at federal statutory rate

$

97,423

 

 

$

7,402

 

State income tax benefit (expense), net of federal benefit

 

6,189

 

 

 

946

 

Non-deductible expenses

 

(45

)

 

 

(3,659

)

Changes in valuation allowances

 

(110,445

)

 

 

(4,332

)

State rate change, net of federal benefit

 

6,100

 

 

 

0

 

Non-cash compensation

 

(137

)

 

 

(367

)

Other

 

800

 

 

 

60

 

Total income tax benefit (expense)

$

(115

)

 

$

50

 

 

The Company’s estimated incomedeferred tax expense differs from the amount derived by applying the statutory federal rate to pretax income principally due the effect of the following items:

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

For the Year Ended

 

For the Period 
October 21, 2016 
through

 

 

For the Period 
January 1, 2016 
through

 

Year Ended

 

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

December 31, 2016

 

 

October 20, 2016

 

December 31, 2015

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Income (loss) before taxes

 

$

(85,077

)

$

9,930

 

 

$

1,323,079

 

$

(1,806,836

)

Statutory rate

 

35

%

35

%

 

35

%

35

%

Income tax provision (benefit) computed at statutory rate

 

(29,777

)

3,475

 

 

463,078

 

(632,393

)

Reconciling items:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State income taxes, net of federal benefit

 

(2,864

)

296

 

 

39,424

 

(65,904

)

Change in valuation allowance

 

(40,700

)

(3,876

)

 

(528,706

)

689,419

 

Adjustment to deferred tax assets and liabilities for enacted change in federal tax rate

 

73,182

 

 

 

 

 

Change in state rate

 

(606

)

(1

)

 

(153

)

(612

)

Bankruptcy items

 

 

 

 

12,262

 

 

Deferred tax true-ups

 

(140

)

74

 

 

9,891

 

 

Other, net

 

905

 

32

 

 

4,204

 

(151

)

Total income tax provision (benefit)

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

(9,641

)

F-39



Table of Contents

Deferred income taxes primarily representposition reflects the net tax effecteffects of the temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Thereporting. Significant components of ourthe deferred taxes are detailed in the table below (in thousands):

 

 

As of
December 31,

 

As of
December 31,

 

 

 

2017

 

2016

 

Deferred tax assets

 

 

 

 

 

Federal tax loss carryforwards

 

36,429

 

 

Derivative instruments and other

 

813

 

 

State tax loss carryforwards

 

7,195

 

 

Employee benefit plans

 

3,053

 

3,649

 

Oil and gas properties and equipment

 

72,568

 

157,113

 

Other

 

33

 

27

 

Less valuation allowance

 

(120,091

)

(160,789

)

Total deferred tax assets

 

$

 

$

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and gas properties and equipment

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

$

 

$

 

Reflected in the accompanying balance sheet as:

 

 

 

 

 

Net deferred tax asset (liability)

 

$

 

$

 

14. Income (Loss) Per Share

Successor

The following table provides a reconciliation of net income (loss) attributable to common shareholderstax assets and weighted average common shares outstanding for basic and diluted income (loss) per share for the year ended December 31, 2017 and the Successor Period:

 

 

 

 

For the Period

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

 

October 21, 2016 through
 December 31, 2016

 

 

 

(in thousands, except per 
share amounts)

 

(in thousands, except per 
share amounts)

 

Net Income (Loss):

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(85,077

)

$

9,930

 

Participating securities—non-vested restricted stock

 

 

(280

)

Basic and diluted income (loss)

 

$

(85,077

)

$

9,650

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Shares:

 

 

 

 

 

Common shares outstanding — basic (1)

 

25,119

 

25,009

 

Dilutive effect of potential common shares

 

 

 

Common shares outstanding — diluted

 

25,119

 

25,009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Income (Loss) Per Share:

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

(3.39

)

$

0.39

 

Diluted

 

$

(3.39

)

$

0.39

 

Antidilutive stock options (2)

 

466

 

627

 

Antidilutive warrants (3)

 

6,626

 

6,626

 


(1)                                 Weighted-average common shares outstanding for basic and diluted income (loss) per share purposes includes 17,533 shares of common stock that, while not issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017 or 2016, are required by the Plan to be issued. Weighted-average common shares outstanding for basic and diluted income (loss) per share purposes also includes 57,856 director shares that vested at December 31, 2017 but final issuance of the vested shares was deferred until 2020.

F-40



Table of Contents

(2)                                 Amount represents options to purchase common stock that are excluded from the diluted net income (loss) per share calculations because the options are antidilutive.

(3)                                 Amount represents warrants to purchase common stock that are excluded from the diluted net income (loss) per share calculations because the warrants are antidilutive.

Predecessor

The following table provides a reconciliation of net income (loss) to preferred shareholders, common shareholders, and participating securities for purposes of computing net income (loss) per share for the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015:

 

 

For the Period

 

 

 

 

 

January 1, 2016 through 
October 20, 2016

 

Year Ended 
December 31, 2015

 

 

 

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

 1,323,079

 

$

 (1,797,195

)

Preferred dividend(1)

 

 

(948

)

Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders

 

$

1,323,079

 

$

(1,798,143

)

Participating securities—Series A preferred stock(2)

 

 

 

Participating securities—Non-vested restricted stock(2)

 

(16,522

)

 

Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders

 

$

1,306,557

 

$

(1,798,143

)

Weighted average shares outstanding

 

10,645

 

7,726

 

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share

 

$

122.74

 

$

(232.74

)


(1)                                 Calculation of the preferred stock dividend is discussed in “—Note 11. Preferred Stock”.

(2)                                 As these shares are participating securities that participate in earnings, but are not required to participate in losses, this calculation demonstrates that there is not an allocation of the loss to the non-vested restricted stockholders.

15. Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of cash balances, accounts receivable and derivative financial instruments.

The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents in bank deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed the federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any significant losses from such investments.

The Company normally sells production to a relatively small number of purchasers, as is customary in the exploration, development and production business. The Company typically sells a substantial portion of production under short-term (usually one-month) contracts tied to a local index. The Company does not have any long-term, fixed-price sales contracts. For the year ended December 31, 2017, three purchasers accounted for 37%, 25% and 14%, respectively, of the Company’s revenue. For the Successor Period, two purchasers accounted for 40% and 29%, respectively, of the Company’s revenue. For the Predecessor Period, two purchasers accounted for 46% and 29%, respectively, of the Company’s revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2015, two purchasers accounted for 43% and 25%, respectively, of the Company’s revenue.

Substantially all of the Company’s accounts receivable result from the sale of oil, NGLs and natural gas. At December 31, 2017, three purchasers accounted for approximately 42%, 35% and 10%, respectively, of the accounts receivable balance. At December 31, 2016, two purchasers accounted for approximately 44% and 26%, respectively, of the accounts receivable balance.

Derivative financial instruments are generally executed with major financial institutions that expose the Company to market and credit risks and which may, at times, be concentrated with certain counterparties. The credit worthiness of the counterparties is subject to continual review. The Company also has netting arrangements in place with counterparties to reduce credit exposure. The Company has not experienced any losses from such instruments. The Company had commodity derivative contract positions in place at December 31, 2017. The Company did not have any open commodity derivative contract positions at December 31, 2016 and all of our derivative positions at December 31, 2015 had expired.

F-41



Table of Contents

16. Commitments and Contingencies

Contractual Obligations

At December 31, 2017, contractual obligations for drilling contracts, long-term operating leases and other contractsliabilities are as follows (in thousands):

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Deferred income tax assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property, Plant & Equipment

$

115,695

 

 

$

37,075

 

Net operating loss carryforward

 

174,479

 

 

 

141,534

 

Derivatives

 

2,448

 

 

 

0

 

Disallowed interest expense

 

5,388

 

 

 

10,627

 

Accrued liabilities

 

1,226

 

 

 

1,431

 

Other

 

1,717

 

 

 

4,234

 

Total deferred income tax assets:

 

300,953

 

 

 

194,901

 

Valuation allowance

 

(300,386

)

 

 

(189,941

)

Net deferred income tax assets

 

567

 

 

 

4,960

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred income tax liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives

$

0

 

 

$

2,767

 

Other

 

567

 

 

 

2,193

 

Total deferred income tax liabilities

 

567

 

 

 

4,960

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net deferred income tax liabilities

$

0

 

 

$

0

 

 

 

Total

 

2018

 

2019

 

2020

 

2021

 

2022 and
beyond

 

Drilling contracts

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

Non-cancellable office lease commitments

 

5,989

 

654

 

665

 

678

 

690

 

3,302

 

Net minimum commitments

 

$

5,989

 

$

654

 

$

665

 

$

678

 

$

690

 

$

3,302

 

For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and year ended December 31, 2015, the Company expensed $0.6 million, $0.1 million, $4.3 million and $2.3 million, respectively, for office rent.

In addition to the commitments noted in the above table, the Company is party to a gas purchase, gathering and processing contract in the Mississippian Lime region, which includes certain minimum NGL volume commitments. To the extent we do not deliver natural gas volumes in sufficient quantities to generate, when processed, the minimum levels of recovered NGLs, we would be required to reimburse the counterparty an amount equal to the sum of the monthly shortfall, if any, multiplied by a fee. We are currently delivering at least the minimum volumes required under these contractual provisions. However, decreased drilling activity could result in the inability to meet these commitments in the future.

Commitments related to ARO’s are not included in the table above. For additional information, please see “—Note 9. Asset Retirement Obligations” for further discussion.

Litigation

The Company is involved in various matters incidental to its operations and business that might give rise to a loss contingency. These matters may include legal and regulatory proceedings, commercial disputes, claims from royalty, working interest and surface owners, property damage and personal injury claims and environmental authorities or other matters. In addition, the Company may be subject to customary audits by governmental authorities regarding the payment and reporting of various taxes, governmental royalties and fees as well as compliance with unclaimed property (escheatment) requirements and other laws. Further, other parties with an interest in wells operated by the Company have the ability under various contractual agreements to perform audits of its joint interest billing practices.

The Company vigorously defends itself in these matters. If the Company determines that an unfavorable outcome or loss of a particular matter is probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated, it accrues a liability for the contingent obligation. As new information becomes available or as a result of legal or administrative rulings in similar matters or a change in applicable law, the Company’s conclusions regarding the probability of outcomes and the amount of estimated loss, if any, may change. The impact of subsequent changes to the Company’s accruals could have a material effect on its results of operations. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company’s total accrual for all loss contingencies was $1.1 million.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company received an insurance reimbursement in the amount of $1.9 million, which was reflected as a reduction of “Lease operating and workover” expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

F-42



Table of Contents

17. Supplemental Information to Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

The following table summarizes interest and income taxes paid for the periods presented and supplemental non-cash investing and financing activities (in thousands):

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

Year Ended

 

Period
October 21,
2016 through

 

 

Period
January 1,
2016 through

 

Year Ended

 

 

 

December 31,
2017

 

December 31,
2016

 

 

October 20,
2016

 

December 31,
2015

 

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-cash investment in property and equipment

 

$

17,164

 

$

8,135

 

 

$

12,995

 

$

21,507

 

Non-cash component of Dequincy Divestiture:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

—Asset retirement obligation disposed

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

(4,699

)

Non-cash exchange of third lien notes for 2020 senior notes and 2021 senior notes

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

524,121

 

Non-cash exchange of common equity of the reorganized Company for second lien notes

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

591,042

 

$

 

Non-cash exchange of common equity and warrants of the reorganized Company for third lien notes

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

556,136

 

$

 

Non-cash exchange of common equity and warrants of the reorganized Company for 2020 senior notes

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

312,039

 

$

 

Non-cash exchange of common equity and warrants of the reorganized Company for 2021 senior notes

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

361,050

 

$

 

Cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest for the year ended December 31, 2017, Successor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015 of $2.4 million, $0.7 million and $4.9 million, respectively (no capitalized interest for the Predecessor Period)

 

$

5,353

 

$

426

 

 

$

6,709

 

$

161,285

 

Cash paid for reorganization items

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

36,325

 

$

 

18. Related Party Transactions

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company entered into an arrangement with EcoStim Energy Solutions, Inc. (“EcoStim”) for well stimulation and completion services. EcoStim is an affiliate of Fir Tree Inc., an entity holding approximately 25.4% of the Company’s outstanding common stock. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company paid approximately $11.6 million to EcoStim for services provided. The Company had $2.1 million included in accounts payable at December 31, 2017 to EcoStim in the consolidated balance sheets. No transactions with EcoStim occurred in the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period or the year ended December 31, 2015.

During the Predecessor Period, First Reserve Corporation, which owned an economic interest in the Company through FR Midstates Interholding LP, also owned an economic interest in Dixie Electric. For the Predecessor Period, the Company paid approximately $1.7 million for electrical equipment and related services from Dixie Electric. No transactions with Dixie Electric occurred in the year ended December 31, 2015.

19. Subsequent Event

On January 24, 2018,2020, the Company had approximately $732.1 million of federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryovers of which $710.1 million have no expiration date and the remaining will expire in year 2037. In connection with the Merger with Midstates in 2019, the Company is subject to IRC §382 loss limitation on pre-merger NOL and tax attributes. The amount of 2020 federal NOL carryover generated post-merger, and not subject to §382 loss limitation, is $31.6 million. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $420.3 million of state net operating loss carryovers of which $367.3 million have no expiration period and the remaining will expire in varying amounts beginning in 2037.

In assessing deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether a reductionvaluation allowance should be recorded for some or all of the deferred tax assets which may not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in workforce resulting in severance costswhich the temporary differences become deductible. Among other items, the Company considers the scheduled reversal of $1.6 million. In addition, $1.4deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and available tax planning strategies. A valuation allowance is established against deferred tax assets for which management believes realization is considered to be more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of December 31, 2020, a valuation allowance of $300.4 million in additional costs were incurredhad been recorded which is an increase to the valuation allowance of $110.5 million from the prior year.

Uncertain Income Tax Position. We must recognize the tax effects of any uncertain tax positions we may adopt if the position taken by us is more likely than not sustainable based on its technical merits. For those benefits to be recognized, an income tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. We had 0 unrecognized tax benefits as a result of accelerated vesting of shares granted to employees under the 2016 LTIP.December 31, 2020.

F-38


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

F-43



TableTax Audits and Settlements. Notification was received from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) during the year that the examination of Contentsour 2017 federal income tax return was complete with no change to reported tax.Our income tax years 2018 through 2020 remain open and subject to examination by the IRS. For state and local jurisdictions, our 2017 through 2020 tax years remain open and subject to examination where we conduct operations. In certain jurisdictions we operate through more than one legal entity, each of which may have different open years subject to examination.  

20.Note 18. Supplemental Oil and Gas DisclosuresInformation (Unaudited)

Capitalized Costs Relating to Oil and Natural Gas Producing Activities

The supplemental data presented herein reflects information for alltotal amount of the Company’scapitalized costs relating to oil and natural gas producing activities.activities and the total amount of related accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization is as follows at the dates indicated.

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Evaluated oil and natural gas properties

$

775,167

 

 

$

797,005

 

Support equipment and facilities

 

142,208

 

 

 

140,023

 

Accumulated depletion, depreciation, and amortization

 

(602,861

)

 

 

(136,747

)

Total

$

314,514

 

 

$

800,281

 

 

Costs Incurred in Oil and Natural Gas Property Acquisition, Exploration and Development Activities

The following table sets forth costsCosts incurred related to the Company’s oil and natural gas activities for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

For the Year
Ended

 

For the Period
October 21, 2016

 

 

For the Period
January 1, 2016

 

For the Year
Ended

 

 

 

December 31,
2017

 

through December 31,
2016

 

 

through October 20,
2016

 

December 31,
2015

 

Acquisition costs:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved properties

 

$

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

 

Unproved properties

 

11,964

 

1,430

 

 

6,869

 

8,448

 

Exploration costs

 

 

 

 

 

 

Development costs

 

128,424

 

17,708

 

 

121,668

 

274,978

 

Total costs incurred

 

$

140,388

 

$

19,138

 

 

$

128,537

 

$

283,426

 

The Company capitalizes certain of its general and administrative expenses that are incurred as a result ofin property acquisition, exploration and development activities. These amounts are included inactivities were as follows for the above table under developmentperiods indicated:

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Property acquisition costs, proved

$

42

 

 

$

150,871

 

Property acquisition costs, unproved

 

(49,307

)

 

 

7,674

 

Exploration

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Development

 

29,543

 

 

 

71,460

 

Total

$

(19,722

)

 

$

230,005

 

Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows from Proved Reserves

As required by the FASB and SEC, the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows presented below is computed by applying first-day-of-the-month average prices, year-end costs and totaled $5.3 million, $1.4 million, $3.4 millionlegislated tax rates and $7.3 million fora discount factor of 10 percent to proved reserves. We do not believe the year ended December 31, 2017,standardized measure provides a reliable estimate of the Successor Period,Company’s expected future cash flows to be obtained from the Predecessor Perioddevelopment and the year ended December 31, 2015, respectively. In addition, the Company capitalizes interest costs incurred and attributable to unprovedproduction of its oil and gas properties as well as major development projectsor of the value of its proved oil and gas properties. Capitalized interest expenses,reserves. The standardized measure is prepared on the basis of certain prescribed assumptions including first-day-of-the-month average prices, which are includedrepresent discrete points in the development coststime and therefore may cause significant variability in the above table, were $2.4 million, $0.7 million and $4.9 million for thecash flows from year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period and theto year ended December 31, 2015.as prices change.

Capitalized Costs

The following table sets forth the capitalized costs related to the Company’s oil and natural gas producing activities as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

 

December 31, 2016

 

Proved properties

 

$

765,308

 

 

$

573,150

 

Unproved properties not being amortized

 

7,065

 

 

65,080

 

Gross capitalized costs

 

772,373

 

 

638,230

 

Less: Accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment

 

(201,722

)

 

(12,587

)

Net capitalized costs

 

$

570,651

 

 

$

625,643

 

At December 31, 2017, the Company had $7.1 million of oil and gas property costs that are not being amortized. The value of the Company’s oil and gas properties not being amortized are primarily associated with the Company’s Mississippian Lime area. We expect the majority of these costs will be evaluated and either impaired or become subject to depletion within five years.

F-44



Table of Contents

Estimated Quantities of Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves

The reserve estimates at December 31, 2017, 2016Users of this information should be aware that the process of estimating quantities of “proved” and 2015 for Company were based on reports prepared by Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc., independent reserve engineers.

The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. Proved“proved developed” oil and natural gas reserves is very complex, requiring significant subjective decisions in the evaluation of all available geological, engineering and economic data for each reservoir. The data for a given reservoir may also change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors including, but not limited to, additional development activity, evolving production history and continual reassessment of the viability of production under varying economic conditions. As a result, revisions to existing reserve estimates may occur from time to time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure reserve estimates reported represent the most accurate assessments possible, the subjective decisions and variances in available data for various reservoirs make these estimates generally less precise than other estimates included in the financial statement disclosures.

F-39


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Proved reserves are the estimatedthose quantities of oil and natural gas which geologicalthat by analysis of geoscience and engineering data demonstrate,can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future yearseconomically producible — from a given date forward, from known reservoirs, and under existing economic conditions, operating methods and operating conditions (i.e., prices and costs) existing atgovernment regulations — prior to the time at which contracts providing the estimateright to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is made. Proved developed oil and natural gasreasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation. The project to extract the hydrocarbons must have commenced or the operator must be reasonably certain that it will commence the project within a reasonable time.

We engaged CG&A to prepare our reserves areestimates for all of our estimated proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells and equipment in place and under operating methods being utilized at the time the estimates were made.

The following table sets forth the Company’s net proved, proved developed and proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2017, 20162020 and 2015:2019. All proved reserves are located in the United States and all prices are held constant in accordance with SEC rules.

The weighted-average benchmark product prices used for valuing the reserves are based upon the average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within the period January through December of each year presented:

 

 

 

Oil
(MBbl)

 

NGL
(MBbl)

 

Gas
(MMcf)

 

Total
(MBoe)

 

2015 (Predecessor)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning Balance

 

58,242

 

32,528

 

377,845

 

153,744

 

Revision of previous estimates

 

(30,490

)

(15,495

)

(178,287

)

(75,700

)

Extensions, discoveries and other additions

 

2,189

 

1,371

 

17,026

 

6,398

 

Sales of reserves in place

 

(2,871

)

(843

)

(7,834

)

(5,019

)

Purchases of reserves in place

 

2,437

 

1,157

 

15,145

 

6,118

 

Production

 

(4,794

)

(2,473

)

(28,403

)

(12,001

)

Net proved reserves at December 31, 2015

 

24,713

 

16,245

 

195,492

 

73,540

 

Proved developed reserves, December 31, 2015

 

23,006

 

15,376

 

184,365

 

69,110

 

Proved undeveloped reserves, December 31, 2015

 

1,707

 

869

 

11,127

 

4,430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2016 (Predecessor)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning Balance

 

24,713

 

16,245

 

195,492

 

73,540

 

Revision of previous estimates

 

(3,089

)

(459

)

(946

)

(3,706

)

Extensions, discoveries and other additions

 

1,566

 

840

 

11,052

 

4,249

 

Sales of reserves in place

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of reserves in place

 

 

 

 

 

Production

 

(2,964

)

(1,932

)

(23,215

)

(8,765

)

Net proved reserves at October 20, 2016

 

20,226

 

14,694

 

182,383

 

65,318

 

Proved developed reserves, October 20, 2016

 

20,226

 

14,694

 

182,383

 

65,318

 

Proved undeveloped reserves, October 20, 2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2016 (Successor)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning Balance

 

20,226

 

14,694

 

182,383

 

65,318

 

Revision of previous estimates

 

19,137

 

11,421

 

147,688

 

55,172

 

Extensions, discoveries and other additions

 

22,571

 

11,186

 

147,236

 

58,296

 

Sales of reserves in place

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of reserves in place

 

 

 

 

 

Production

 

(544

)

(429

)

(4,948

)

(1,798

)

Net proved reserves at December 31, 2016

 

61,390

 

36,872

 

472,359

 

176,988

 

Proved developed reserves, December 31, 2016

 

19,698

 

16,349

 

201,454

 

69,622

 

Proved undeveloped reserves, December 31, 2016

 

41,692

 

20,523

 

270,905

 

107,366

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Oil ($/Bbl):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WTI (1)

$

39.57

 

 

$

55.69

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NGL ($/Bbl):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WTI (1)

$

39.57

 

 

$

55.69

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Natural Gas ($/MMbtu):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Henry Hub (2)

$

1.99

 

 

$

2.58

 

 

(1)

The weighted average WTI price was adjusted by lease for quality, transportation fees, and a regional price differential.

(2)

The weighted average Henry Hub price was adjusted by lease for energy content, compression charges, transportation fees, and regional price differentials.

F-45The following tables set forth estimates of the net reserves for the periods indicated:

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2020

 

 

Oil

 

 

Gas

 

 

NGLs

 

 

Total

 

 

(MBbls)

 

 

(MMcf)

 

 

(MBbls)

 

 

(MBoe)

 

Proved developed and undeveloped reserves:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

70,772

 

 

 

377,869

 

 

 

29,252

 

 

 

163,002

 

Extensions and discoveries

 

291

 

 

 

655

 

 

 

61

 

 

 

461

 

Production

 

(3,887

)

 

 

(27,473

)

 

 

(1,725

)

 

 

(10,190

)

Revision of previous estimates

 

(20,500

)

 

 

(76,912

)

 

 

(6,104

)

 

 

(39,424

)

End of year

 

46,676

 

 

 

274,139

 

 

 

21,484

 

 

 

113,849

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved developed reserves:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

53,476

 

 

 

320,731

 

 

 

23,646

 

 

 

130,577

 

End of year

 

35,613

 

 

 

252,218

 

 

 

19,009

 

 

 

96,658

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved undeveloped reserves:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

17,296

 

 

 

57,138

 

 

 

5,606

 

 

 

32,425

 

End of year

 

11,063

 

 

 

21,921

 

 

 

2,475

 

 

 

17,191

 

F-40



Table of ContentsAMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

2017

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning Balance

 

61,390

 

36,872

 

472,359

 

176,988

 

Revision of previous estimates

 

(33,608

)

(13,010

)

(178,388

)

(76,350

)

Extensions, discoveries and other additions

 

5,819

 

4,003

 

51,849

 

18,464

 

Sales of reserves in place

 

(99

)

(723

)

(7,495

)

(2,071

)

Purchases of reserves in place

 

 

 

 

 

Production

 

(2,368

)

(1,949

)

(22,606

)

(8,084

)

Net proved reserves at December 31, 2017

 

31,134

 

25,193

 

315,719

 

108,947

 

Proved developed reserves, December 31, 2017

 

17,268

 

15,464

 

190,550

 

64,490

 

Proved undeveloped reserves, December 31, 2017

 

13,866

 

9,729

 

125,169

 

44,457

 

Revision of Previous EstimatesNOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company had net negative revisions of 76,350 MBoe primarily as a result of updates to the Company’s anticipated five-year development schedule. On November 1, 2017, David Sambrooks was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Upon David’s appointment, the Company began a strategic review of all areas of operations. This review was completed during the fourth quarter of 2017 and the Company’s strategy was refined to add further focus to optimizing free cash flows and keeping leverage to a minimum. As a result, in December of 2017 the Company decreased its current drilling activity from two drilling rigs to one drilling rig. Further, the five-year development plan was revised from a two-rig program to a one rig program. This change in strategy (reduced 5-year drilling activity) lead to a reduction in the Company’s undeveloped proved inventory under SEC guidelines from 274 locations at year end 2016 to 139 locations at year end 2017. In addition, at year end 2017 the Company’s proved undeveloped type curve was revised downward by its third-party reserves engineering firm and capital costs assumptions were revised upward, both as a result of recent drilling results. As a result of the Company’s focus on optimizing free cash flow, keeping leverage to a minimum and optimizing drilling returns, all proved undeveloped reserves

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2019

 

 

Oil

 

 

Gas

 

 

NGLs

 

 

Total

 

 

(MBbls)

 

 

(MMcf)

 

 

(MBbls)

 

 

(MBoe)

 

Proved developed and undeveloped reserves:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of period

 

69,624

 

 

 

293,959

 

 

 

21,572

 

 

 

140,189

 

Extensions and discoveries

 

301

 

 

 

576

 

 

 

44

 

 

 

441

 

Purchase of minerals in place

 

17,429

 

 

 

202,409

 

 

 

18,533

 

 

 

69,697

 

Production

 

(3,498

)

 

 

(26,489

)

 

 

(1,343

)

 

 

(9,256

)

Revision of previous estimates

 

(13,084

)

 

 

(92,586

)

 

 

(9,554

)

 

 

(38,069

)

End of period

 

70,772

 

 

 

377,869

 

 

 

29,252

 

 

 

163,002

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved developed reserves:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of period

 

54,147

 

 

 

232,110

 

 

 

17,324

 

 

 

110,156

 

End of period

 

53,476

 

 

 

320,731

 

 

 

23,646

 

 

 

130,577

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proved undeveloped reserves:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of period

 

15,477

 

 

 

61,849

 

 

 

4,248

 

 

 

30,033

 

End of period

 

17,296

 

 

 

57,138

 

 

 

5,606

 

 

 

32,425

 

Noteworthy amounts included in the December 31, 2017categories of proved reserve report are focused on infill drilling in the Carmen and Dacoma areas. All undeveloped locations not able to be drilled utilizing the Company’s anticipated five-year development schedule were excluded from the December 31, 2017 reserve report but continue to meet the definition of a proved undeveloped location from an engineering standpoint.

For the Successor Period, the Company had positive revisions of 55,172 MBoe. Upon the Company’s emergence on the Effective Date, it undertook a process to review its five-year development schedule in light of improved commodity pricing and the significant improvement in the Company’s liquidity and outstanding long-term debt. In developing the Company’s updated five-year development schedule, the Company considered the forward pricing curve, the returns expected of its drilling program and cash available during this time period, which would include cash on hand, cash generated by operations and cash from borrowings. Based upon these factors, the Company developed an updated five-year development plan and booked proved undeveloped reserves based upon its strategy to capture additional acreage through drilling. Proved undeveloped reserves that were removed from proved category in prior years but subsequently reinstated after this review were classified as a revisionchanges in the above tables.tables include:

The 49.2 MMBoe reduction in reserves for the year ended December 31, 2020 is primarily due to a 50.1 MMBoe downward pricing revision offset by 10.7 MMBoe upward revision primarily due to lower maintenance costs and Special Royalty Relief on our offshore Southern California assets. We added 0.46 MMBoe during the year ended December 31, 2020 due to extensions and discoveries.

The 22.8 MMBoe increase in reserves for the year ended December 31, 2019 is primarily due to the Merger in which we acquired 69.7 MMBoe partially offset by downward pricing revision of a 25.9 MMBoe and a downward revision of 12.1 MMBoe due to updated well performance data and future anticipated maintenance cost increases. See Note 4 for additional information on acquisitions.

A variety of methodologies are used to determine our proved reserve estimates. The principal methodologies employed are reservoir simulation, decline curve analysis, volumetric, material balance, advance production type curve matching, petro-physics/log analysis and analogy. Some combination of these methods is used to determine reserve estimates in substantially all of our fields.

The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows is as follows:

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Future cash inflows

$

2,410,260

 

 

$

5,146,288

 

Future production costs (1)

 

(1,589,945

)

 

 

(2,917,262

)

Future development costs (1)

 

(375,146

)

 

 

(567,423

)

Future income tax expense

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Future net cash flows for estimated timing of cash flows

 

445,169

 

 

 

1,661,603

 

10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows

 

(147,358

)

 

 

(745,042

)

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

$

297,811

 

 

$

916,561

 

(1)

For the year ended December 31, 2020, onshore abandonment costs are included in future production cost and offshore abandonment costs are included in future development costs.

F-41


AMPLIFY ENERGY CORP.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company had net negative revisions of 75,700 MBoe related to proved undeveloped reserves, of which approximately 98% related to reductionsChanges in the Mississippian Lime area due to the transfer of 77,362 MBoe of proved undeveloped reserves comprising $179.0 million of PV-10 value (at SEC pricing) to the probable reserves category due to uncertainty around financing the development of our proved undeveloped reserves within a five year period.

F-46



Table of Contents

Extensions, Discoveries and Other Additions

For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company had 18,464 MBoe of extensions and discoveries, all of which occurred in the Mississippian Lime area.

For the Successor Period, the Company had 58,296 MBoe of extensions and discoveries associated with its proved undeveloped reserves in the Mississippian Lime area. Upon the Company’s emergence on the Effective Date, it undertook a process to review its five-year development schedule in light of improved commodity pricing and the significant improvement in the Company’s liquidity and outstanding long-term debt. In developing the Company’s updated five-year development schedule, the Company considered the forward pricing curve, the returns expected of its drilling program and cash available during this time period, which would include cash on hand, cash generated by operations and cash from borrowings. Based upon these factors, the Company developed an updated five-year development plan and booked proved undeveloped reserves based upon this expected development plan. Proved undeveloped reserves that were not included in any proved category in prior years but included in the Company’s updated five-year development schedule were classified as an extension in the above tables.

For the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company had 4,249 MBoe and 6,398 MBoe, respectively, of additions from extensions and discoveries, all of which related to the Mississippian Lime area.

Sales of Reserves in Place

For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company had 2,071 MBoe in sales of reserves in place, all of which was associated with the divestiture of its oil and gas properties in Lincoln County, Oklahoma, which occurred during July 2017.

For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company had 5,019 MBoe in sales of reserves in place, of which 2,307 MBoe of the sale related to the Dequincy Divestiture, which closed on April 21, 2015, and 2,712 MBoe resulted from the swap of leasehold interests in the Mississippian Lime area in the second quarter of 2015.

Purchases of Reserves in Place

For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company had 6,118 MBoe of additions from purchases of reserves in place resulting from a swap of leasehold interests in the Mississippian Lime area.

F-47



Table of Contents

Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves

The standardized measure represents the present value of estimated future cash inflows from proved oil and natural gas reserves, less future development, production, plugging and abandonment costs and income tax expenses, discounted at 10% per annum to reflect timing of future cash flows. Production costs do not include depreciation, depletion and amortization of capitalized acquisition, exploration and development costs.

Our estimated proved reserves and related future net revenues and standardized measure were determined using the unweighted arithmetic average first-of-the-month price for the preceding 12-month period, without giving effect to derivative transactions, and were held constant throughout the life of the properties. Estimated future production of proved reserves and estimated future production and development costs of proved reserves are based on current costs and economic conditions. The following table sets forth the benchmark prices used to determine our estimated proved reserves for the periods indicated:

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

At December 31,

 

 

At December 31,

 

 

 

2017

 

2016

 

 

2015

 

Oil and Natural Gas Prices:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil (per barrel)

 

$

51.34

 

$

42.75

 

 

$

50.28

 

Natural gas (per million British thermal units)

 

$

2.98

 

$

2.48

 

 

$

2.59

 

The following table sets forth the standardized measureis a summary of discounted future net cash flows from projected production of the Company’s oil and natural gas reserves at December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 (in thousands):

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

At December 31,

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2017

 

2016

 

 

2015

 

Future cash inflows

 

$

3,023,929

 

$

4,186,389

 

 

$

1,902,184

 

Future production costs

 

(1,536,332

)

(2,078,640

)

 

(1,024,314

)

Future development costs

 

(370,972

)

(692,533

)

 

(47,532

)

Future income tax expense

 

(16,289

)

(106,563

)

 

 

Future net cash flows

 

1,100,336

 

1,308,653

 

 

830,338

 

10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows

 

(551,093

)

(778,703

)

 

(317,519

)

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

 

$

549,243

 

$

529,950

 

 

$

512,819

 

The following table sets forth the changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows applicable tofor the proved oil and natural gas reserves forduring each of the years in the two year ended December 31, 2017, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the year ended December 31, 2015 (in thousands):period presented:

 

 

Successor

 

 

Predecessor

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,

 

For the Period October
21, 2016 through

 

 

For the Period January
1, 2016 through

 

Year Ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2017

 

December 31, 2016

 

 

October 20, 2016

 

2015

 

Standardized measure, beginning of period

 

$

529,950

 

$

349,905

 

 

$

512,819

 

$

1,873,361

 

Net changes in prices and production costs

 

173,991

 

78,103

 

 

(113,313

)

(960,245

)

Net changes in future development costs

 

(29,711

)

2,022

 

 

175

 

57,357

 

Sales of oil and natural gas, net

 

(148,746

)

(27,292

)

 

(116,043

)

(232,630

)

Extensions

 

92,776

 

102,087

 

 

29,871

 

38,550

 

Discoveries

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of reserves in place

 

 

 

 

 

34,369

 

Divestiture of reserves

 

(8,079

)

 

 

 

(77,445

)

Revisions of previous quantity estimates

 

(152,517

)

102,623

 

 

(22,194

)

(1,174,997

)

Previously estimated development costs incurred

 

7,909

 

 

 

29,975

 

198,564

 

Accretion of discount

 

57,816

 

5,832

 

 

42,735

 

238,639

 

Net change in income taxes

 

39,316

 

(48,206

)

 

 

513,024

 

Changes in timing, other

 

(13,462

)

(35,124

)

 

(14,120

)

4,272

 

Standardized measure, end of period

 

$

549,243

 

$

529,950

 

 

$

349,905

 

$

512,819

 

 

For the Year Ended

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Beginning of year

$

916,561

 

 

$

1,113,029

 

Sale of oil and natural gas produced, net of production costs

 

(47,687

)

 

 

(113,545

)

Purchase of minerals in place

 

0

 

 

 

408,370

 

Extensions and discoveries

 

3,687

 

 

 

5,334

 

Changes in prices and costs

 

(548,429

)

 

 

(623,592

)

Previously estimated development costs incurred

 

49,144

 

 

 

84,341

 

Net changes in future development costs

 

89,997

 

 

 

110,892

 

Revisions of previous quantities

 

(150,245

)

 

 

(183,300

)

Accretion of discount

 

91,657

 

 

 

92,998

 

Change in production rates and other

 

(106,874

)

 

 

22,034

 

End of year

$

297,811

 

 

$

916,561

 

 

F-48F-42



Table of Contents

21. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

The following table presents selected quarterly financial data derived from the Company’s unaudited interim financial statements. The following data is only a summary and should be read with the Company’s historical consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in this document.

 

 

First
Quarter

 

Second
Quarter

 

Third
Quarter

 

Fourth
Quarter (1)

 

 

 

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

2017 (Successor)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues

 

$

65,015

 

$

60,679

 

$

49,715

 

$

53,344

 

Operating income (loss)

 

19,462

 

14,970

 

5,312

 

(119,238

)

Net income (loss)

 

18,485

 

13,742

 

3,663

 

(120,967

)

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

 

17,939

 

13,382

 

3,581

 

(120,967

)

Net income (loss) per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and Diluted

 

$

0.72

 

$

0.53

 

$

0.14

 

$

(4.78

)

Shares used in computation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and Diluted

 

25,012

 

25,093

 

25,116

 

25,253

 

2016 (Successor)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

48,525

 

Operating income

 

 

 

 

10,673

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

9,930

 

Net income available to common shareholders

 

 

 

 

9,650

 

Net income per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and Diluted

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

0.39

 

Shares used in computation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and Diluted

 

 

 

 

25,009

 

2016 (Predecessor)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues

 

$

51,961

 

$

62,559

 

$

64,193

 

$

14,514

 

Operating income (loss)

 

(135,119

)

(52,759

)

(12,944

)

(4,101

)

Net income (loss)

 

(179,274

)

8,962

 

(38,384

)

1,531,775

 

Net loss available to common shareholders

 

(179,274

)

8,864

 

(38,384

)

1,515,351

 

Net loss per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and Diluted

 

$

(16.88

)

$

0.83

 

$

(3.60

)

$

142.19

 

Shares used in computation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and Diluted

 

10,621

 

10,653

 

10,657

 

10,657

 


(1)         Fourth quarter for the 2016 Predecessor Period is for the period October 1, 2016 through October 20, 2016. Fourth quarter for the 2016 Successor Period is the period October 21, 2016 through December 31, 2016.

F-49