U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20132014

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from ____ to ____

 

Commission file no. 33-94288

 

 THE FIRST BANCSHARES, INC. 
 (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

 

Mississippi 64-0862173
(State or Other Jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
Incorporation or Organization)  

6480 U.S. Hwy. 98 West  
Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39402
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

 

Issuer's telephone number:(601) 268-8998 

 

Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

 

  Name of Each Exchange on
Title of Each Class Which Registered
   
Common Stock, $1.00 par value The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in rule 405 of the Securities Act.

 

Yes¨ Nox

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.

 

Yes¨ Nox

 

Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from their obligations under those Sections.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

 

Yesx No¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

 

Yesx No¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-Kx

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes¨ Nox

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated file, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  ¨  Accelerated filer  ¨  Non-accelerated filer  ¨  Smaller reporting company  x

Large accelerated filer¨  Accelerated filer¨Non-accelerated filer¨Smaller reporting companyx

 

Based on the price at which the registrant’s Common Stock was last sold on March 20, 2014,19, 2015, at that date, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s Common Stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant (assuming solely for the purposes of this calculation that all directors and executive officers of the registrant are “affiliates”) was $64,398,012.$59,474,813.58.

 

On March 20, 2014,19, 2015, the registrant had outstanding 5,149,2805,378,022 shares of common stock.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the following documents are incorporated by reference to Parts II and III of the Form 10-K report: Proxy Statement dated April 22, 2014,16, 2015, and the Annual Report to the Stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2013.2014.

 

 
 

 

THE FIRST BANCSHARES, INC.

FORM 10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

  Page
 
PART I 
   
ITEM 1.BUSINESS1
ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS14
ITEM 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS2019
ITEM 2.PROPERTIES2019
ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS2019
ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES2019
   
 

PART II

 
   
ITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES20
ITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA22
ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS22
ITEM 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK22
ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA22
ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE2322
ITEM 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES2322
ITEM 9B.OTHER INFORMATION23
   
 PART III 
   
ITEM 10.DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE2423
ITEM 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION24
ITEM 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS24
ITEM 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
INDEPENDENCE2524
ITEM 14.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES2524
   
 PART IV 
   
ITEM 15.EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES2524

 

 
 

 

THE FIRST BANCSHARES, INC.

FORM 10-K

 

PART I

 

This Report contains statements which constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These statements appear in a number of places in this Report and include all statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectations of the Company, its directors or its officers with respect to, among other things: (i) the Company's financing plans; (ii) trends affecting the Company's financial condition or results of operations; (iii) the Company's growth strategy and operating strategy; and (iv) the declaration and payment of dividends. Investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors discussed herein and those factors discussed in detail in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

BUSINESS OF THE COMPANY

General

 

The First Bancshares, Inc. (the "Company") was incorporated on June 23, 1995 to serve as a bank holding company for The First, A National Banking Association ("The First" or the “Bank”) located in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. The First began operations on August 5, 1996 from its main office in the Oak Grove community, which was on theoutskirts of Hattiesburg but now is included in the city of Hattiesburg. The First currently operates its main office and two branches in Hattiesburg, one in Laurel, one in Purvis, one in Picayune, one in Pascagoula, one in Bay St. Louis, one in Wiggins, four in Gulfport, one in Biloxi, one in Long Beach and one in Diamondhead, Mississippi, as well as one branch in Bogalusa, Louisiana, andone branch in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, five branches in Baldwin County, Alabama and four branches in Mobile County, Alabama. See Note C of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding branch acquisition. The Company and its subsidiary bank engage in a general commercial and retail banking business characterized by personalized service and local decision-making, emphasizing the banking needs of small to medium-sized businesses, professional concerns and individuals. The First is a wholly-owned subsidiary bank of the Company.

 

Location and Service Area

 

The First serves the cities of Hattiesburg, Laurel, Purvis, Picayune,Pascagoula, Bay St. Louis, Wiggins, Gulfport, Biloxi, Long Beach and Diamondhead, Mississippi; Bogalusa and Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Daphne, Fairhope, Foley, Gulf Shores, and Orange Beach, Mobile, Theodore, Bayley’s Corner, and Dauphin Island, Alabama, and the surrounding areas of Lamar, Forrest, Jones, Pearl River, ,Jackson,Jackson, Hancock, Stone and Harrison Counties in Mississippi; Washington Parish, St. Tammany Parish, and East Baton Rouge Parish in Louisiana; and Baldwin Countyand Mobile Counties in Alabama. The main office primarily serves the area in and around the northern portion of Lamar County. The Purvis office primarily serves the area in and around Purvis, Mississippi, which is in the east-central part of Lamar County and is the county seat. Lamar County is located in the southeastern section of Mississippi. Hattiesburg, one of the largest cities in Mississippi, is located in Forrest and Lamar Counties. Major employers located in the Lamar and Forrest County areas include Forrest General Hospital, the University of Southern Mississippi, Wesley Medical Center, Camp Shelby, the Hattiesburg Public Schools, the Hattiesburg Clinic, the City of Hattiesburg, and Marshall Durbin Poultry. The principal components of the economy of the Lamar and Forrest County areas include service industries, wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing, and transportation and public utilities. The Laurel office serves the city of Laurel and the surrounding area of Jones County, Mississippi, with the majority of its retail business coming from the local area and the remaining business coming from other areas of Jones County, as well as portions of Jasper County, Wayne County, Smith County, and Covington County. Major employers in the Jones County area include Howard Industries, Sanderson Farms, Inc., and South Central Regional Medical Center. The Picayune office primarily serves the area in and around Picayune, Mississippi, including areas of north Hancock County and Pearl River, LA and Slidell, LA. Picayune is located in the southern part of Pearl River County. Pearl River County is located in the southern section of Mississippi. Majoremployers in the Pearl River County area include Stennis Space Center, Chevron, Texaco, Arizona Chemical, American Crescent Elevator Co., City of Picayune, Crosby Memorial Hospital and the public schools. The principal components of the economy of the Pearl River County area include timber, service industries, wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing, and transportation and public utilities. The Pascagoula and Ocean Springs offices primarily serve the area in and around Pascagoula and Ocean Springs, Mississippi, including areas of Jackson County. Major employers in the Jackson County area include Northrop Grumman, Singing River Hospital, and Shell Oil Company. The Bay St. Louis and Diamondhead offices serve the city of Bay St. Louis, Diamondhead and the surrounding area of Hancock County, Mississippi. Major employers in the Hancock County area include the City of Bay St. Louis, Hancock County, and Stennis Space Center. The Wiggins office serves the city of Wiggins and the surrounding area of Stone County, Mississippi. Stone County is south of Forrest County and north of Harrison County. The Gulfport, Biloxi, and Long Beach offices serve the city of Gulfport and the surrounding area of Harrison County, Mississippi. Major employers in the Harrison County area include Keesler Air Force Base and a vast array of casinos. The Bogalusa office serves the city of Bogalusa and the surrounding area of Washington Parish, Louisiana. The major employers in the Washington Parish area include Temple-Inland, the Bogalusa School System, and LSU-Washington/St. Tammany Regional Medical Center. The Baton Rouge office serves the city of Baton Rouge and surrounding area of East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. Major employers include BASF Wyandotte Corporation, Baton Rouge General Medical Center, Dow Chemical Company, and Georgia Gulf Corporation. The Fairhope, Daphne, Foley, Gulf Shores and Orange Beach offices serve their respective cities as well as the surrounding area of Baldwin County, Alabama. Major employers in the Baldwin County area include Baldwin County Board of Education, Wal-Mart Super Centers, Infirmary Health, UTC Aerospace Systems, and South Baldwin Regional Medical Center. The Mobile, Theodore, Bayley’s Corner and Dauphine Island offices service their respective areas as well as the surrounding area of Mobile County, Alabama. Major employers in the Mobile County area include Austal, AM/NS Calvert, and BAE Systems Southeast Shipyards.

On July 1, 2014 the Company completed its acquisition of Bay Bank, previously headquartered in Mobile, Alabama, discussed below under “Recent Developments”).

1

 

Banking Services

 

The Company strives to provide its customers with the breadth of products and services comparable to those offered by large regional banks, while maintaining the quick response and personal service of a locally owned and managed bank. In addition to offering a full range of deposit services and commercial and personal loans, The First offers products such as mortgage loans. The following is a description of the products and services offered or planned to be offered by the Bank.

 

!·Deposit Services.The Bank offers a full range of deposit services that are typically available in most banks and savings and loan associations, including checking accounts, NOW accounts, savings accounts, and other time deposits of various types, ranging from daily money market accounts to longer-term certificates of deposit. The transaction accounts and time certificates are tailored to the Bank's principal market area at rates competitive to those offered by other banks in the area. All deposit accounts are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the "FDIC") up to the maximum amount allowed by law. The Bank solicits these accounts from individuals, businesses, associations and organizations, and governmental authorities. In addition, the Bank offers certain retirement account services, such as Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs).

 

!·Loan Products.The Bank offers a full range of commercial and personal loans. Commercial loans include both secured and unsecured loans for working capital (including loans secured by inventory and accounts receivable), business expansion (including acquisition of real estate and improvements), and purchase of equipment and machinery. Consumer loans include equity lines of credit and secured and unsecured loans for financing automobiles, home improvements, education, and personal investments. The Bank also makes real estate construction and acquisition loans. The Bank’s lending activities are subject to a variety of lending limits imposed by federal law. While differing limits apply in certain circumstances based on the type of loan or the nature of the borrower (including the borrower's relationship to the Bank), in general the Bank is subject to a loans-to-one-borrower limit of an amount equal to 15% of the Bank's unimpaired capital and surplus. The Bank may not make any loans to any director, executive officer, or 10% shareholder unless the loan is approved by the Board of Directors of the Bank and is made on terms not more favorable to such a person than would be available to a person not affiliated with the Bank.

!·Mortgage Loan Divisions.The Bank has mortgage loan divisions which originate loans to purchase existing or construct new homes and to refinance existing mortgages.

 

!·Other Services.Other Bank services include on-line internet banking services, voice response telephone inquiry service, commercial sweep accounts, cash management services, safe deposit boxes, travelers checks, direct deposit of payroll and social security checks, and automatic drafts for various accounts. The Bank is associated with the Interlink, Plus, Pulse, Star, and Community Cash networks of automated teller machines that may be used by the Bank’s customers throughout Mississippi and other regions. The Bank also offers VISA and MasterCard credit card services through a correspondent bank.

2

 

Competition

 

The Bank generally competes with other financial institutions through the selection of banking products and services offered, the pricing of services, the level of service provided, the convenience and availability of services, and the degree of expertise and the personal manner in which services are offered. Mississippi law permits statewide branching by banks and savings institutions, and many financial institutions in the state have branch networks. Consequently, commercial banking in Mississippi is highly competitive. Many large banking organizations currently operate in the Company's market area, several of which are controlled by out-of-state ownership. In addition, competition between commercial banks and thrift institutions (savings institutions and credit unions) has been intensified significantly by the elimination of many previous distinctions between the various types of financial institutions and the expanded powers and increased activity of thrift institutions in areas of banking which previously had been the sole domain of commercial banks. Federal legislation, together with other regulatory changes by the primary regulators of the various financial institutions, has resulted in the almost total elimination of practical distinctions between a commercial bank and a thrift institution. Consequently, competition among financial institutions of all types is largely unlimited with respect to legal ability and authority to provide most financial services.

 

The Company faces increased competition from both federally-chartered and state-chartered financial and thrift institutions, as well as credit unions, consumer finance companies, insurance companies, and other institutions in the Company's market area. Some of these competitors are not subject to the same degree of regulation and restriction imposed upon the Company. Many of these competitors also have broader geographic markets and substantially greater resources and lending limits than the Company and offer certain services such as trust banking that the Company does not currently provide. In addition, many of these competitors have numerous branch offices located throughout the extended market areas of the Company that may provide these competitors with an advantage in geographic convenience that the Company does not have at present.

 

Currently there are numerous other commercial banks, savings institutions, and credit unions operating in The First's primary service area.

 

Employees

 

As of March 20, 201419, 2015 the Company had 257269 full-time employees and 9 part-time employees.

 

Recent Developments

The Company recently completed its acquisition of Bay Bank, previously headquartered in Mobile, Alabama (the “Acquisition”). The Acquisition was consummated on July 1, 2014.

 

On March 3, 2014, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Agreement”) with BCB Holding Company, Inc., an Alabama corporation (“BCB”) and parent of Bay Bank, Mobile, Alabama. The Agreement providesprovided that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Agreement, BCB willwould merge with and into the Company (the “Merger”) and Bay Bank willwould merge with and into The BankFirst, A National Banking Association (“Bank Merger”). Subject to the terms and conditions of

Under the Agreement, which has beenwas approved by the boardsBoards of directorsDirectors of the Company and BCB, holders of each outstanding share of BCB common stock, other than shares held by the Company or BCB, or, shares with respect to which the holders thereof have perfected dissenters’ rights, will receivereceived (i) for the BCB common stock that was outstanding prior to August 1, 2013, (x) $3.60 per share which may be received in cash or Company common stock provided that at least 30% of the aggregate consideration paid to such shareholders is in Company common stock and (y) one non-transferable contingent value right (“CVR”), and (ii) for the BCB common stock that was issued on August 1, 2013, $2.25 per share in cash. Each CVR is eligible to receive a cash payment equal to up to $0.40, with the exact amount based on the resolution of certain identified BCB loans over a three-year period followingfrom the closing of the transaction. Payout of the CVR will be overseen by a special committee of the Company boardCompany’s Board of directors.Directors. The Company will also either assume or redeemredeemed, in full, a note payable by BCB to Alostar Bank, as well as the preferred stock issued under the U.S. Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program. The total consideration to be paid in connection with the acquisition will range betweenwas approximately $6,239,890.25 and $6,611,762.25$6.3 to $6.7 million depending upon the payout of the CVR as well asCVR.

Following the priceAcquisition, customers of the Company common stock on the closing of the transaction, which is subjectThe First have access to a captotal of 29 branch locations and a collar regarding its price.

Concurrently, Companytwo loan production offices throughout Mississippi, Louisiana and BCB will enter into an agreement and plan of merger pursuant to which BCB’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Bay Bank, will be merged with and into The Bank.

The Agreement contains customary representations and warranties from both the Company and BCB and each have agreed to customary covenants, including, among others, covenants relating to (1) the conduct of BCB’s businesses during the interim period between the execution of the Agreement and the completion of the Merger, (2) cooperation with respect to the filing of regulatory approval applications by the Company, The Bank, BCB and Bay Bank regarding the Merger, the Bank Merger and the transactions contemplated thereby. BCB has also agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not to (a) solicit proposals relating to alternative business combination transactions or (b) enter into any discussions, or enter into any agreement, concerning, or provide confidential information in connection with, any proposals for alternative business combination transactions.

Completion of the Merger is subject to certain customary conditions, including, among others, (1) receipt of all required regulatory approvals, (2) the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the other party, and (3) performance in all material respects by the other party of its obligations under the Agreement.

The Agreement contains certain termination rights for the Company and BCB, as the case may be, applicable upon: (1) June 30, 2014, if the Merger has not been completed by that date, (2) final, non-appealable denial of required regulatory approvals or an injunction prohibiting the transactions contemplated by the Agreement, (3) a breach by the other party that is not or cannot be cured within 30 days’ notice of such breach if such breach would result in a failure of the conditions to closing set forth in the Agreement, or (4) the failure of any of the conditions precedent to the obligations of either party to consummate the Merger have not been fulfilled and cannot or have not otherwise been cured or waived. The Company may terminate the Agreement in the event that the BCB board of directors withdraws of fails to give their recommendation at the BCB shareholder meeting or approves any alternative transaction or makes any plan to do so. In such event, BCB will pay the Company a termination fee of $350,000 if BCB subsequently consummates or enters into an agreement to consummate an alternative transaction. If the Company willfully breaches its obligations under the Agreement which causes the Agreement’s termination, it will reimburse BCB for its reasonable costs incurred up to $250,000.south Alabama.

 

SUPERVISION AND REGULATION

 

The Company and the Bank are subject to state and federal banking laws and regulations which impose specific requirements or restrictions on and provide for general regulatory oversight with respect to virtually all aspects of operations. These laws and regulations are generally intended to protect depositors, not shareholders. To the extent that the following summary describes statutory or regulatory provisions, it is qualified in its entirety by reference to the particular statutory and regulatory provisions. Any change in applicable laws or regulations may have a material effect on the business and prospects of the Company. Beginning with the enactment of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 ("FIRREA") and following with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 ("FDICIA"), and now most recently the sweeping Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), numerous additional regulatory requirements have been placed on the banking industry in the past several years, and additional changes have been proposed. The operations of the Company and the Bank may be affected by legislative changes and the policies of various regulatory authorities. The Company is unable to predict the nature or the extent of the effect on its business and earnings that fiscal or monetary policies, economic control, or new federal or state legislation may have in the future.

 

Bank Holding Company Regulation

The Company is subject to extensive regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) pursuant to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “Bank Holding Company Act”). The Company is also required to file certain reports with, and otherwise comply with the rules and regulations of the SEC under federal securities laws.

Federal Regulation

The Company is registered with the Federal Reserve as a bank holding company and has elected to be treated as a financial holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act. As such, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to the supervision, examination and reporting requirements of the Bank Holding Company Act and the regulations of the Federal Reserve.

The Bank Holding Company Act generally prohibits a corporation that owns a federally insured financial institution (“bank”) from engaging in activities other than banking, managing or controlling banks or other subsidiaries engaging in permissible activities. Also prohibited is acquiring or obtaining control of more than 5% of the voting interests of any company that engages in activities other than those activities determined by the Federal Reserve to be so closely related to banking, managing or controlling banks as to be proper incident thereto. In determining whether a particular activity is permissible, the Federal Reserve considers whether the performance of the activity can reasonably be expected to produce benefits to the public that outweigh possible adverse effects. Examples of activities that the Federal Reserve has determined to be permissible are making, acquiring or servicing loans; leasing personal property; providing certain investment or financial advice; performing certain data processing services; acting as agent or broker in selling credit life insurance; and performing certain insurance underwriting activities. The Bank Holding Company Act does not place territorial limits on permissible bank-related activities of bank holding companies. Even with respect to permissible activities, however, the Federal Reserve has the power to order a holding company or its subsidiaries to terminate any activity or its control of any subsidiary when the Federal Reserve has reasonable cause to believe that continuation of such activity or control of such subsidiary would pose a serious risk to the financial safety, soundness or stability of any bank subsidiary of that holding company. The Bank Holding Company Act requires every bank holding company to obtain the prior approval of the Federal Reserve before it: (1) acquires ownership or control of any voting shares of any bank if, after such acquisition, such bank holding company will own or control more than 5% of the voting shares of such bank, (2) or any of its non-bank subsidiaries acquire all of the assets of a bank, (3) merges with any other bank holding company, or (4) engages in permissible non-banking activities. In reviewing a proposed covered acquisition, the Federal Reserve considers a bank holding company’s financial, managerial and competitive posture. The future prospects of the companies and banks concerned and the convenience and needs of the community to be served are also considered. The Federal Reserve also reviews the indebtedness to be incurred by a bank holding company in connection with the proposed acquisition to ensure that the bank holding company can service such indebtedness without adversely affecting its ability, and the ability of its subsidiaries, to meet their respective regulatory capital requirements. The Bank Holding Company Act further requires that consummation of approved bank holding company or bank acquisitions or mergers must be delayed for a period of not less than 15 or more than 30 days following the date of Federal Reserve approval. During such 15 to 30-day period, the Department of Justice has the right to review the competitive aspects of the proposed transaction. The Department of Justice may file a lawsuit with the relevant United States Court of Appeals seeking an injunction against the proposed acquisition.

As described above, the prior approval of the Federal Reserve must be obtained before the Company may acquire substantially all of the assets of any bank, or ownership or control of any voting shares of any bank, if, after such acquisition, it would own or control, directly or indirectly, more than 5% of the voting shares of such bank. The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 (the “Riegle-Neal Act”) permits adequately capitalized and managed bank holding companies to acquire control of banks in any state, subject to federal regulatory approval, without regard to whether such a transaction is prohibited by the laws of any state. The Riegle-Neal Act further provides that a bank holding company may not, following an interstate acquisition, control more than 10% of nationwide insured deposits or 30% of deposits within any state in which the acquiring bank operates. States have the right to adopt legislation to lower the 30% limit, although no states within the Company’s current market area have done so. Additional provisions require that interstate activities conform to the Community Reinvestment Act, which is intended to encourage depository institutions to help meet the credit needs of the communities in which they operate, including low-and moderate-income neighborhoods, consistent with safe and sound operations.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) authorizes national and state banks to establish de novo branches in other states to the same extent a bank chartered in those states would be so permitted.

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (the “Financial Services Modernization Act”) established a comprehensive framework that permits affiliations among qualified bank holding companies, commercial banks, insurance companies, securities firms, and other financial service providers by revising and expanding the Bank Holding Company Act framework to permit a holding company to engage in a full range of financial activities through a financial holding company.

45
 

Capital Requirements

General Risk-Based and Leverage-Based Capital Requirements

The Federal Reserve has adopted capital adequacy guidelines for use in its examination and regulation of bank holding companies and financial holding companies. The regulatory capital of a bank holding company or financial holding company under applicable federal capital adequacy guidelines is particularly important in the Federal Reserve’s evaluation of the overall safety and soundness of the bank holding company or financial holding company and are important factors considered by the Federal Reserve in evaluating any applications made by such holding company to the Federal Reserve. If regulatory capital falls below minimum guideline levels, a financial holding company may lose its status as a financial holding company and a bank holding company or bank may be denied approval to acquire or establish additional banks or non-bank businesses or to open additional facilities. Additionally, each bank subsidiary of a financial holding company as well as the holding company itself must be well capitalized and well managed as determined by the subsidiary bank’s primary federal regulator, which in the case of the Bank, is the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC”). To be considered well managed, the bank and holding company must have received at least a satisfactory composite rating and a satisfactory management rating at its most recent examination. The Federal Reserve rates bank holding companies through a confidential component and composite 1-5 rating system, with a composite rating of 1 being the highest rating and 5 being the lowest. This system is designed to help identify institutions requiring special attention. Financial institutions are assigned ratings based on evaluation and rating of their financial condition and operations. Components reviewed include capital adequacy, asset quality, management capability, the quality and level of earnings, the adequacy of liquidity and sensitivity to interest rate fluctuations. As of December 31, 2014, the Company and the Bank were both well capitalized and well managed.

A financial holding company that becomes aware that it or a subsidiary bank has ceased to be well capitalized or well managed must notify the Federal Reserve and enter into an agreement to cure the identified deficiency. If the deficiency is not cured timely, the Federal Reserve Board may order the financial holding company to divest its banking operations. Alternatively, to avoid divestiture, a financial holding company may cease to engage in the financial holding company activities that are unrelated to banking or otherwise impermissible for a bank holding company.

There are two measures of regulatory capital applicable to holding companies in 2014: (1) leverage capital ratio and (2) risk-based capital ratios.

  Minimum  Company
at
12/31/2014
 
Tier 1 leverage capital ratio  3.00%  8.4%
Risk-based capital ratios        
Tier 1 capital  4.00%  11.5%
Total risk-based capital (Tier 1 plus Tier 2)  8.00%  12.3%

The essential difference between the leverage capital ratio and the risk-based capital ratios is that the latter identify and weight both balance sheet and off-balance sheet risks. Tier 1 capital generally includes common equity, retained earnings, qualifying minority interests (issued by consolidated depository institutions or foreign bank subsidiaries), accounts of consolidated subsidiaries and an amount of qualifying perpetual preferred stock, limited to 50% of Tier 1 capital. In calculating Tier 1 capital, goodwill and other disallowed intangibles and disallowed deferred tax assets and certain other assets are excluded. Tier 2 capital is a secondary component of risk-based capital, consisting primarily of perpetual preferred stock that may not be included as Tier 1 capital, mandatory convertible securities, certain types of subordinated debt and an amount of the allowance for loan losses (limited to 1.25% of risk weighted assets).

The risk-based capital guidelines are designed to make regulatory capital requirements more sensitive to differences in risk profiles among banks and bank holding companies, to take into account off-balance sheet exposure and to minimize disincentives for holding liquid assets. Under the risk-based capital guidelines, assets are assigned to one of four risk categories: 0%, 20%, 50% and 100%. For example, U.S. Treasury securities are assigned to the 0% risk category while most categories of loans are assigned to the 100% risk category. Off-balance sheet exposures such as standby letters of credit are risk-weighted and all or a portion thereof are included in risk-weighted assets based on an assessment of the relative risks that they present. The risk-weighted asset base is equal to the sum of the aggregate dollar values of assets and off-balance sheet items in each risk category, multiplied by the weight assigned to that category.

Basel III Capital Requirements Effective January 1, 2015

 

On July 2, 2013, the Company’s and the Bank’s primary federal regulators—the Federal Reserve Board and the OCC—adopted final rules implementing the Basel III framework, which substantially revises the leverage and risk-based capital requirements currently applicable to bank holding companies and depository institutions. These final rules are based on international capital accords of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (the “Basel Committee”).

The new rules address both the components of capital and other issues affecting the numerator in banking institutions’ regulatory capital ratios, as well as the risk weights and other issues affecting the denominator, replacing the existing Basel I-derived risk weighting approach with a more risk-sensitive approach based, in part, on the standardized approach in the Basel Committee’s 2004 “Basel II” capital accords. Regarding the denominator, under the final rules, the Company, among other items, will be required to increase the risk weights applied to certain high volatility commercial real estate loans and to certain loans past due. Additionally, the Company will be required to risk weight at 20% the conversion factors for commitments with an original maturity of one year or less that are not unconditionally cancellable at any time. Regarding the numerator under the final rules, NOLs and tax credits carried forward will be deducted from Tier 1 capital. Additionally, there are deductions and adjustments to capital for goodwill and other intangibles as well as deductions and adjustments to capital by the amount that the carrying value of certain assets exceeds 10% of capital. Examples of these assets are deferred tax assets, mortgage servicing rights, significant investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries, investments in certain capital instruments of financial entities and unrealized gains on cash flow hedges included in accumulated other comprehensive income arising from hedges not carried at fair market value on the balance sheet. Under the final rules, some banks, including the Bank, are given a one-time “opt out” in which they may elect to filter certain volatile accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) components from inclusion in regulatory capital. The AOCI opt-out election must be made on the institution’s first Call Report, FR Y-9C or FR Y-9SP, as applicable, filed after January 1, 2015. The Company and the Bank intend to timely elect to opt out.

The final rules established a new category of capital measure, Common Equity Tier 1 capital, which includes a limited number of capital instruments from the existing definition of Tier 1 Capital, as well as raised minimum thresholds for Tier 1 Leverage capital (100 basis points), and Tier 1 Risk-based capital (200 basis points). Additionally, the final rules introduced a capital conservation buffer of Common Equity Tier 1, Tier 1 Risk-based and Total Risk-based capital ratios above the minimum risk-based capital requirements. The buffer must be maintained to avoid limitations on capital distributions and limitations on discretionary bonus payments to executive officers. Each of the minimum capital ratios takes effect in 2015, with the capital conservation buffer set to be phased in beginning in 2016 and implemented in full by 2019. Based on estimated capital ratios using Basel III definitions, the Company and the Bank currently exceed all capital requirements of the new rule, including the fully phased-in conservation buffer.

Basel III Capital Adequacy Ratios

Effective January 1, 2015

  Minimum  Well-
Capitalized
  2016  2017  2018  2019 
Tier I leverage capital ratio  4.00%  5.00%  N/A   N/A   N/A   N/A 
Risk-based capital ratios                        
Common equity Tier I capital  4.50%  6.50%  5.125%  5.75%  6.375%  7.00%
Tier I capital  6.00%  8.00%  6.625%  7.25%  7.875%  8.50%
Total risk-based capital (Tier 1 plus Tier 2)  8.00%  10.00%  8.625%  9.25%  9.875%  10.50%

Federal Reserve Oversight

The Company is required to give the Federal Reserve prior written notice of any purchase or redemption of its outstanding equity securities if the gross consideration for the purchase or redemption, when combined with the net consideration paid for all such purchases or redemptions during the preceding 12 months, is equal to 10% or more of the Company’s consolidated net worth. The Federal Reserve may disapprove such a transaction if it determines that the proposed redemption or stock purchase would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice, would violate any law, regulation, Federal Reserve order or directive or any condition imposed by, or written agreement with, the Federal Reserve.

The Federal Reserve has issued its “Policy Statement on Cash Dividends Not Fully Covered by Earnings (the “Policy Statement”) which sets forth various guidelines that the Federal Reserve believes a bank holding company should follow in establishing its dividend policy. In general, the Federal Reserve stated that bank holding companies should pay dividends only out of current earnings. The Federal Reserve also stated that dividends should not be paid unless the prospective rate of earnings retention by the holding company appears consistent with its capital needs, asset quality and overall financial condition.

The Company is required to file annual and quarterly reports with the Federal Reserve, and such additional information as the Federal Reserve may require pursuant to the Bank Holding Company Act. The Federal Reserve may examine a bank holding company or any of its subsidiaries.

Additional Federal Regulatory Issues

In June 2010, the federal banking agencies issued joint guidance on executive compensation designed to help ensure that a banking organization’s incentive compensation policies do not encourage imprudent risk taking and are consistent with the safety and soundness of the organization. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act requires those agencies, along with the Commission, to adopt rules to require reporting of incentive compensation and to prohibit certain compensation arrangements. The federal banking agencies and the Commission proposed such rules in April 2011. In addition, in June 2012, the Commission issued final rules to implement the Dodd-Frank Act’s requirement that the Commission direct the national securities exchanges to adopt certain listing standards related to the compensation committee of a company’s board of directors as well as its compensation advisers.

The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank. There are various restrictions that limit the ability of the Bank to finance, pay dividends or otherwise supply funds to the Company or other affiliates. In addition, subsidiary banks of holding companies are subject to certain restrictions under Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act on any extension of credit to the bank holding company or any of its subsidiaries, on investments in the stock or other securities thereof and on the taking of such stock or securities as collateral for loans to any borrower. Further, a bank holding company and its subsidiaries are prohibited from engaging in certain tie-in arrangements in connection with extensions of credit, leases or sales of property, or furnishing of services.

Stress Testing

The Dodd-Frank Act requires stress testing of certain bank holding companies and banks that have more than $10 billion but less than $50 billion of consolidated assets (“medium-sized companies”). Additional stress testing is required for banking organizations having $50 billion or more of assets. Because the consolidated assets of the Company and the Bank are less than these threshold levels, the stress test requirements are not applicable to the Company or to the Bank at present.

Company Participation in Legislative and Regulatory Initiatives and Company Participation

 

The Congress, Treasury Department and the federal banking regulators, including the FDIC, have taken broad action since early September 2008 to address volatility in the U.S. banking system. In October 2008, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”) was enacted. The EESA authorized the Treasury Department to purchase from financial institutions and their holding companies up to $700 billion in mortgage loans, mortgage-related securities and certain other financial instruments, including debt and equity securities issued by financial institutions and their holding companies in a troubled asset relief program (“TARP”).  The purpose of TARP was to restore confidence and stability to the U.S. banking system and to encourage financial institutions to increase their lending to customers and to each other.  The Treasury Department allocated $250 billion towards the TARP Capital Purchase Program (“CPP”), pursuant to which the Treasury Department purchased debt or equity securities from participating institutions.  The TARP also included the Community Development Capital Initiative (“CDCI”), which was made available only to certified Community Development Financial Institutions (“CDFIs”) and imposed a lower dividend or interest rate, as applicable, than the CPP funding. Participants in the TARP are subject to executive compensation limits and are encouraged to expand their lending and mortgage loan modifications.

On February 6, 2009, as part of the CPP, the Company entered into a Letter Agreement and Securities Purchase Agreement (collectively, the “Purchase Agreement”) with the Treasury Department, pursuant to which the Company sold (i) 5,000 shares of the Company’s Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series UST (the “CPP Preferred Stock”) and (ii) a warrant (the “Warrant”) to purchase 54,705 shares of the Company’s Common Stock for an exercise price of $13.71 per share. On September 29, 2010, after successfully obtaining CDFI certification, the Company exited the CPP by refinancing its CPP funding into lower-cost CDCI funding and also accepted additional CDCI funding. In connection with this transaction, the Company retired its CPP Preferred Stock and issued to the Treasury Department 17,123 shares of the Company’s Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series CD (the “CDCI Preferred Stock”). Including refinanced funding and newly obtained funding, the Company’s total CDCI funding is $17,123,000.

 

The CDCI Preferred Stock qualifies as Tier 1 capital and, provided that the Company maintains its CDFI eligibility and certification, is entitled to cumulative dividends at a rate of 2% per annum until 2018, and 9% per annum thereafter. The Warrant has a 10-year term and is immediately exercisable upon its issuance, and its exercise price is subject to anti-dilution adjustments.

 

In order to benefit from the lower dividend rate associated with the CDCI Preferred Stock, the Company is required to maintain compliance with the eligibility requirements of the CDFI Program. These eligibility requirements include the following:

 

·The Company must have a primary mission of promoting community development, based on criteria set forth in 12 C.F.R. 1805.201(b)(1);

 

·The Company must provide Financial Products, Development Services, and/or other similar financing as a predominant business activity in arm’s-length transactions, as provided in 12 C.F.R. 1805.201(b)(2);

 

·The Company must serve a Target Market by serving one or more Investment Areas and/or Targeted Populations, substantially in the manner set forth in 12 C.F.R. 1805.201(b)(3);

 

·The Company must provide Development Services in conjunction with its Financial Products, either directly, through an Affiliate, or through a contract with a third-party provider, as provided in 12 C.F.R. 1805.201(b)(4);

 

·The Company must maintain accountability to residents of the applicable Investment Area(s) and/or Targeted Population(s) through representation on its governing Board of Directors or otherwise, as provided in 12 C.F.R. 1805.201(b)(5); and

 

·The Company must remain a non-governmental entity which is not an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America, or any State or political subdivision thereof, as described in 12 C.F.R. 1805.201(b)(6) and within the meaning of any supplemental regulations or interpretations of 12 C.F.R. 1805.201(b)(6) or such supplemental regulations published by the Fund.

As used in the discussion above, the terms “Affiliate,” “Financial Products,” “Development Services,” “Target Market,” “Investment Area(s),” and “Targeted Population(s)” have the meanings ascribed to such terms in 12 C.F.R. 1805.104.

American Reinvestment and Recovery Act of 2009. The America Reinvestment and Recovery Act of 2009 (“ARRA”) contained expansive new restrictions on executive compensation for financial institutions and other companies participating in the TARP. These restrictions apply to us and are further detailed in implementing regulations found at 31 CFR Part 30. (Any reference to “ARRA” herein includes a reference to the implementing regulations.)

 

ARRA prohibits bonus and similar payments to the most highly compensated employee of the Company. The prohibition does not apply to bonuses payable pursuant to “employment agreements” in effect prior to February 11, 2009. “Long-term” restricted stock is excluded from ARRA’s bonus prohibition, but only to the extent the value of the stock does not exceed one-third of the total amount of annual compensation of the employee receiving the stock, the stock does not “fully vest” until after all TARP-related obligations have been satisfied, and any other conditions which the Treasury may specify have been met.

 

ARRA prohibits any payment to the principal executive officer, the principal financial officer, and any of the next eight most highly compensated employees upon departure from the Company for any reason for as long as any TARP-related obligations remain outstanding.

 

Under ARRA TARP-participating companies are required to recover any bonus or other incentive payment paid to the principal executive officer, the principal financial officer, or any of the next 23 most highly compensated employees on the basis of materially inaccurate financial or other performance criteria.

 

ARRA prohibits TARP participants from implementing any compensation plan that would encourage manipulation of the reported earnings of the Company in order to enhance the compensation of any of its employees.

 

ARRA requires the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer of any publicly-traded TARP-participating company to provide a written certification of compliance with the executive compensation restrictions in ARRA in the Company’s annual filings with the SEC beginning in 2010.

 

ARRA requires each TARP-participating company to implement a company-wide policy regarding excessive or luxury expenditures, including excessive expenditures on entertainment or events, office and facility renovations, aviation or other transportation services.

 

ARRA directs the Treasury to review bonuses, retention awards, and other compensation paid to the principal executive officer and the next four other highest paid executive officer of the Company and the next 20 most highly compensated employees of each company receiving TARP assistance before ARRA was enacted, and to “seek to negotiate” with the TARP recipient and affected employees for reimbursement if it finds any such payments were inconsistent with TARP or otherwise in conflict with the public interest.

 

ARRA also prohibits the payment of tax gross-ups; required disclosures related to perquisite payments and the engagement, if any, by the TARP participant of a compensation consultant; and prohibits the deduction for tax purposes of executive compensation in excess of $500,000 for each applicable senior executive.

 

These standards could change based on subsequent guidance issued by the Treasury or the Internal Revenue Service. As long as the Treasury continues to hold equity interests in the Company issued under the TARP, the Company will monitor its compensation arrangements and modify such compensation arrangements, agree to limit and limit its compensation deductions, and take such other actions as may be necessary to comply with the standards discussed above, as they may be modified from time to time. The Company does not anticipate that any material changes to its existing executive compensation structure will be required to comply with the executive compensation standards included in the TARP.

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Dodd-Frank Act. The enactment during 2010 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) has resulted in increased regulation of the financial services industry. Provisions affecting the activities of the Company and the Bank include, without limitation, the following:

·Asset-based deposit insurance assessments. FDIC deposit insurance premium assessments are based on bank assets rather than domestic deposits.

·Deposit insurance limit increase. The deposit insurance coverage limit has been permanently increased from $100,000 to $250,000.

·Limitation on federal preemption. Limitations have been imposed on the ability of national bank regulators to preempt state law. Formerly, the national bank and federal thrift regulators possessed preemption powers with regard to transactions, operating subsidiaries and attorney general civil enforcement authority. These preemption requirements have been limited by the Dodd-Frank Act, which will likely impact state banks by affecting activities previously permitted through parity with national banks.

·Changes to regulation of bank holding companies. Under Dodd-Frank, bank holding companies must be well-capitalized and well-managed to engage in interstate transactions. In the past, only the subsidiary banks were required to meet those standards. The Federal Reserve Board’s “source of strength doctrine” has now been codified, mandating that bank holding companies such as the Company serve as a source of strength for their subsidiary banks, meaning that the bank holding company must be able to provide financial assistance in the event the subsidiary bank experiences financial distress.

·Executive compensation limitations. The Dodd-Frank Act codified executive compensation limitations similar to those previously imposed on TARP recipients.

Summary. The foregoing is a brief summary of certain statutes, rules and regulations affecting the Company and the Bank. It is not intended to be an exhaustive discussion of all the statutes and regulations having an impact on the operations of such entities. Additional bills may be introduced in the future in the United States Congress and state legislatures to alter the structure, regulation and competitive relationships of financial institutions. It cannot be predicted whether and what form any of these proposals will be adopted or the extent to which the business of the Company and the Bank may be affected thereby.

The Company

Because it owns the outstanding capital stock of the Bank, the Company is a bank holding company within the meaning of the Federal Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (the "BHCA").

The BHCA.Under the BHCA, the Company is subject to periodic examination by the Federal Reserve and is required to file periodic reports of its operations and such additional information as the Federal Reserve may require. The Company's and the Bank’s activities are limited to banking, managing or controlling banks, furnishing services to or performing services for its subsidiaries, and engaging in other activities that the Federal Reserve determines to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto.

The Dodd-Frank Act removed many limitations on the Federal Reserve Board’s authority to make examinations of banks that are subsidiaries of bank holding companies. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, the Federal Reserve Board is generally permitted to examine bank holding companies and their subsidiaries, provided that the Federal Reserve Board must rely on reports submitted directly by the institution and examination reports of the appropriate regulators (such as the OCC) to the fullest extent possible; must provide reasonable notice to, and consult with, the appropriate regulators before commencing an examination of a bank holding company subsidiary; and, to the fullest extent possible, must avoid duplication of examination activities, reporting requirements, and requests for information.

Investments, Control, and Activities.With certain limited exceptions, the BHCA requires every bank holding company to obtain the prior approval of the Federal Reserve before (i) acquiring substantially all the assets of any bank, (ii) acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of any voting shares of any bank if after such acquisition it would own or control more than 5% of the voting shares of such bank (unless it already owns or controls the majority of such shares), or (iii) merging or consolidating with another bank holding company.

In addition, and subject to certain exceptions, the BHCA and the Change in Bank Control Act, together with regulations thereunder, require Federal Reserve approval (or, depending on the circumstances, no notice of disapproval) prior to any person or company acquiring "control" of a bank holding company, such as the Company. Control is conclusively presumed to exist if an individual or company acquires 25% or more of any class of voting securities of the bank holding company. Control is rebuttably presumed to exist if a person acquires 10% or more but less than 25% of any class of voting securities and either the Company has registered securities under Section 12 of the Exchange Act (which the Company has done) or no other person owns a greater percentage of that class of voting securities immediately after the transaction. The regulations provide a procedure for challenge of the rebuttable control presumption.

Under the BHCA, a bank holding company is generally prohibited from engaging in, or acquiring direct or indirect control of more than 5% of the voting shares of any company engaged in nonbanking activities, unless the Federal Reserve Board, by order or regulation, has found those activities to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto. Some of the activities that the Federal Reserve Board has determined by regulation to be proper incidents to the business of a bank holding company include making or servicing loans and certain types of leases, engaging in certain insurance and discount brokerage activities, performing certain data processing services, acting in certain circumstances as a fiduciary or investment or financial adviser, owning savings associations, and making investments in certain corporations or projects designed primarily to promote community welfare.

The Federal Reserve Board has imposed certain capital requirements on the Company under the BHCA, including a minimum leverage ratio and a minimum ratio of "qualifying" capital to risk-weighted assets. These requirements are described below under "Capital Regulations." Subject to its capital requirements and certain other restrictions, the Company may borrow money to make a capital contribution to the Bank, and such loans may be repaid from dividends paid from the Bank to the Company (although the ability of the Bank to pay dividends is subject to regulatory restrictions as described below in "The Bank - Dividends"). The Company is also able to raise capital for contribution to the Bank by issuing securities without having to receive regulatory approval, subject to compliance with federal and state securities laws.

Source of Strength; Cross-Guarantee.In accordance with Federal Reserve Board policy, the Company is expected to act as a source of financial strength to the Bank and to commit resources to support the Bank in circumstances in which the Company might not otherwise do so. Under the BHCA, the Federal Reserve Board may require a bank holding company to terminate any activity or relinquish control of a nonbank subsidiary (other than a nonbank subsidiary of a bank) upon the Federal Reserve Board's determination that such activity or control constitutes a serious risk to the financial soundness or stability of any subsidiary depository institution of the bank holding company. Further, federal bank regulatory authorities have additional discretion to require a bank holding company to divest itself of any bank or nonbank subsidiary if the agency determines that divestiture may aid the depository institution's financial condition.

 

The Bank

 

The Bank operates as a national banking association incorporated under the laws of the United States and subject to examination by the Office of Comptroller of the Currency ("OCC").OCC. Deposits in the Bank are insured by the FDIC up to a maximum amount (generally $250,000 per depositor, subject to aggregation rules). The OCC and the FDIC regulate or monitor virtually all areas of the Bank’s operations, including security devices and procedures, adequacy of capitalization and loan loss reserves, loans, investments, borrowings, deposits, mergers, issuances of securities, payment of dividends, interest rates payable on deposits, interest rates or fees chargeable on loans, establishment of branches, corporate reorganizations, maintenance of books and records, and adequacy of staff training to carry on safe lending and deposit gathering practices. The OCC requires the Bank to maintain certain capital ratios and imposes limitations on the Bank’s aggregate investment in real estate, bank premises, and furniture and fixtures. The Bank is required by the OCC to prepare quarterly reports on their financial condition and to conduct an annual audit of their financial affairs in compliance with minimum standards and procedures prescribed by the OCC.

Under FDICIA, all insured institutions must undergo regular on-site examinations by their appropriate banking agency. The cost of examinations of insured depository institutions and any affiliates may be assessed by the appropriate agency against each institution or affiliate as it deems necessary or appropriate. Insured institutions are required to submit annual reports to the FDIC and the appropriate agency (and state supervisor when applicable). FDICIA also directs the FDIC to develop with other appropriate agencies a method for insured depository institutions to provide supplemental disclosure of the estimated fair market value of assets and liabilities, to the extent feasible and practicable, in any balance sheet, financial statement, report of condition, or any other report of any insured depository institution. FDICIA also requires the federal banking regulatory agencies to prescribe, by regulation, standards for all insured depository institutions and depository institution holding companies relating, among other things, to: (i) internal controls, information systems, and audit systems; (ii) loan documentation; (iii) credit underwriting; (iv) interest rate risk exposure; and (v) asset quality.

 

National banks and their holding companies which have been chartered or registered or undergone a change in control within the past two years or which have been deemed by the OCC or the Federal Reserve Board, respectively, to be troubled institutions must give the OCC or the Federal Reserve Board, respectively, thirty days prior notice of the appointment of any senior executive officer or director. Within the thirty day period, the OCC or the Federal Reserve Board, as the case may be, may approve or disapprove any such appointment.

 

Deposit Insurance.The FDIC establishes rates for the payment of premiums by federally insured banks and thrifts for deposit insurance. A Deposit Insurance Fund ("DIF") is maintained for commercial banks and thrifts, with insurance premiums from the industry used to offset losses from insurance payouts when banks and thrifts fail. Since 1993, insured depository institutions like the Bank have paid for deposit insurance under a risk-based premium system. Assessments are calculated based on the depository institution’s average consolidated total assets, less its average amount of tangible equity.

 

Transactions With Affiliates and Insiders.The Bank is subject to Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act, which places limits on the amount of loans to, and certain other transactions with, affiliates, as well as on the amount of advances to third parties collateralized by the securities or obligations of affiliates. The aggregate of all covered transactions is limited in amount, as to any one affiliate, to 10% of the Bank's capital and surplus and, as to all affiliates combined, to 20% of the Bank's capital and surplus. Furthermore, within the foregoing limitations as to amount, each covered transaction must meet specified collateral requirements.

 

The Bank is also subject to Section 23B of the Federal Reserve Act, which prohibits an institution from engaging in certain transactions with affiliates unless the transactions are on terms substantially the same, or at least as favorable to such institution, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with nonaffiliated companies. The Bank is subject to certain restrictions on extensions of credit to executive officers, directors, certain principal shareholders, and their related interests. Such extensions of credit (i) must be made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with third parties and (ii) must not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features.

 

Dividends.A national bank may not pay dividends from its capital. All dividends must be paid out of undivided profits then on hand, after deducting expenses, including reserves for losses and bad debts. In addition, a national bank is prohibited from declaring a dividend on its shares of common stock until its surplus equals its stated capital, unless the bank has transferred to surplus no less than one-tenth of its net profits of the preceding two consecutive half-year periods (in the case of an annual dividend). The approval of the OCC is required if the total of all dividends declared by a national bank in any calendar year exceeds the total of its net profits for that year combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two years, less any required transfers to surplus. In addition, under FDICIA, the banks may not pay a dividend if, after paying the dividend, the bank would be undercapitalized. See "Capital Regulations" below.Requirements" above.

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Branching.National banks are required by the National Bank Act to adhere to branch office banking laws applicable to state banks in the states in which they are located. Under current Mississippi, Alabama and Louisiana law, banks may open branches throughout these states with the prior approval of the OCC or other primary federal regulator. In addition, with prior regulatory approval, banks are able to acquire existing banking operations in Mississippi, Alabama and Louisiana. Furthermore, federal legislation has recently been passed which permits interstate branching. The new law permits out of state acquisitions by bank holding companies (subject to veto by new state law), interstate branching by banks if allowed by state law, interstate merging by banks, and de novo branching by national banks if allowed by state law. See "Recent Legislative Developments."

 

Community Reinvestment Act.The Community Reinvestment Act requires that, in connection with examinations of financial institutions within their respective jurisdictions, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC, the OCC, or the Office of Thrift Supervision shall evaluate the record of the financial institutions in meeting the credit needs of their local communities, including low and moderate income neighborhoods, consistent with the safe and sound operation of those institutions. These factors are also considered in evaluating mergers, acquisitions, and applications to open a branch or facility.

 

USA Patriot Act. In 2001, the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (the “USA Patriot Act”) was signed into law. The USA Patriot Act broadened the application of anti-money laundering regulations to apply to additional types of financial institutions, such as broker-dealers, and strengthened the ability of the U.S. government to detect and prosecute international money laundering and the financing of terrorism. The principal provisions of Title III of the USA Patriot Act require that regulated financial institutions, including banks: (i) establish an anti-money laundering program that includes training and audit components; (ii) comply with regulations regarding the verification of the identity of any person seeking to open an account; (iii) take additional required precautions with non-U.S. owned accounts; and (iv) perform certain verification and certification of money laundering risk for their foreign correspondent banking relationships. The USA Patriot Act also expanded the conditions under which funds in a U.S. interbank account may be subject to forfeiture and increased the penalties for violation of anti-money laundering regulations. Failure of a financial institution to comply with the USA Patriot Act’s requirements could have serious legal and reputational consequences for the institution. The Bank has adopted policies, procedures and controls to address compliance with the requirements of the USA Patriot Act under the existing regulations and will continue to revise and update its policies, procedures and controls to reflect changes required by the USA Patriot Act and implementing regulations.

Other Bank Regulations.Interest and certain other charges collected or contracted for by the Bank are subject to state usury laws and certain federal laws concerning interest rates. The Bank’s loan operations are subject to certain federal laws applicable to credit transactions, such as the federal Truth-In-Lending Act, governing disclosures of credit terms to consumer borrowers; the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975, requiring financial institutions to provide information to enable the public and public officials to determine whether a financial institution is fulfilling its obligation to help meet the housing needs community it serves; the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, prohibiting discrimination on the basis of creed or other prohibited factors in extending credit; the Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1978, governing the use and provision of information to credit reporting agencies; the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, concerning the manner in which consumer debts may be collected by collection agencies; and the rules and regulations of the various federal agencies charged with the responsibility of implementing such federal laws. The deposit operations of the Bank also are subject to the Right to Financial Privacy Act, which imposes a duty to maintain confidentiality of consumer financial records and prescribes procedures for complying with administrative subpoenas of financial records, and the Electronic Funds Transfer Act and Regulation E issued by the Federal Reserve Board to implement that Act, which governs automatic deposits to and withdrawals from deposit accounts and customers' rights and liabilities arising from the use of automated teller machines and other electronic banking services.

 

Capital Regulations.The federal bank regulatory authorities have adopted risk-based capital guidelines for banks and bank holding companies that are designed to make regulatory capital requirements more sensitive to differences in risk profile among banks and bank holding companies, account for off-balance sheet exposure, and minimize disincentives for holding liquid assets. The resulting capital ratios represent qualifying capital as a percentage of total risk-weighted assets and off-balance sheet items. The guidelines are minimums, and the federal regulators have noted that banks and bank holding companies contemplating significant expansion programs should not allow expansion to diminish their capital ratios and should maintain ratios well in excess of the minimums. The current guidelines require all bank holding companies and federally-regulated banks to maintain a minimum risk-based total capital ratio equal to 8%, of which at least 4% must be Tier 1 capital. Tier 1 capital includes common shareholders' equity, qualifying perpetual preferred stock, and minority interests in equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries, but excludes goodwill and most other intangibles and excludes the allowance for loan and lease losses. Tier 2 capital includes the excess of any preferred stock not included in Tier 1 capital, mandatory convertible securities, hybrid capital instruments, subordinated debt and intermediate term-preferred stock, and general reserves for loan and lease losses up to 1.25% of risk-weighted assets.Other Regulatory Matters

Risk-retention rules.Under the guidelines, banks'final risk-retention rules, banks that sponsor the securitization of asset-backed securities and bank holding companies' assets are given risk-weights of 0%, 20%, 50% and 100%. In addition, certain off-balance sheet items are given credit conversion factors to convert them to asset equivalent amounts to which an appropriate risk-weight will apply. These computations result in the total risk-weighted assets. Most loans are assigned to the 100% risk category, except for first mortgage loans fully secured by residential property and, under certain circumstances, residential construction loans, both of which carry a 50% rating. Most investmentresidential-mortgage backed securities are assigned to the 20% category, except for municipal or state revenue bonds, which have a 50% rating, and direct obligations of or obligations guaranteed by the United States Treasury or United States Government agencies, which have a 0% rating.

The federal bank regulatory authorities have also implemented a leverage ratio, which is Tier 1 capital as a percentage of average total assets less intangibles, to be used as a supplement to the risk-based guidelines. The principal objective of the leverage ratio is to place a constraint on the maximum degree to which a bank holding company may leverage its equity capital base. The minimum required leverage ratio for top-rated institutions is 3%, but most institutions are required to maintain anretain 5% of any loan they sell or securitize, except for mortgages that meet low-risk standards to be developed by regulators.

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Changes to federal preemption. The Dodd-Frank Act created a new independent supervisory body, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”) that is to be housed within the Federal Reserve. The CFPB is the primary regulator for federal consumer financial statutes. State attorneys general are authorized to enforce new regulations issued by the CFPB. Although state consumer financial laws will continue to be preempted under the National Bank Act, OCC determinations of such preemption are made on a case-by-case basis. As a result, it is possible that state consumer financial laws enacted in the future may be held to apply to our business activities. The cost of complying with any such additional cushion of at least 100laws could have a negative impact on our financial results.

Changes to 200 basis points.

FDICIA established a capital-based regulatory scheme designed to promote early intervention for troubled banks and requires the FDIC to choose the least expensive resolutionregulation of bank failures. The capital-based regulatory framework contains five categories of compliance with regulatory capital requirements, including "well capitalized," "adequately capitalized," "undercapitalized," "significantly undercapitalized," and "critically undercapitalized." To qualify as a "well capitalized" institution, a bank must have a leverage ratio of no less than 5%, a Tier 1 risk-based ratio of no less than 6%, and a total risk-based capital ratio of no less than 10%, and the Bank must not be under any order or directive from the appropriate regulatory agency to meet and maintain a specific capital level. As of December 31, 2013, the Company and The First, were qualified as "well capitalized."

holding companies.Under the FDICIA regulations, the applicable agency can treat an institution as if it were in the next lower category if the agency determines (after notice and an opportunity for hearing) that the institution is in an unsafe or unsound condition or is engaging in an unsafe or unsound practice. The degree of regulatory scrutiny of a financial institution will increase, and the permissible activities of the institution will decrease, as it moves downward through the capital categories. Institutions that fall into one of the three undercapitalized categories may be required to (i) submit a capital restoration plan; (ii) raise additional capital; (iii) restrict their growth, deposit interest rates, and other activities; (iv) improve their management; (v) eliminate management fees; or (vi) divest themselves of all or part of their operations. Bank holding companies controlling financial institutions can be called upon to boost the institutions' capital and to partially guarantee the institutions' performance under their capital restoration plans.

These capital guidelines can affect the Company in several ways. If the Company continues to grow at a rapid pace, a premature "squeeze" on capital could occur making a capital infusion necessary. The requirements could impact the Company's ability to pay dividends. The Company's present capital levels are more than adequate; however, rapid growth, poor loan portfolio performance, or poor earnings performance could change the Company's capital position in a relatively short period of time.

Failure to meet these capital requirements would mean that a bank would be required to develop and file a plan with its primary federal banking regulator describing the means and a schedule for achieving the minimum capital requirements. In addition, such a bank would generally not receive regulatory approval of any application that requires the consideration of capital adequacy, such as a branch or merger application, unless the Bank could demonstrate a reasonable plan to meet the capital requirement within a reasonable period of time.

Enforcement Powers. FIRREA expanded and increased civil and criminal penalties available for use by the federal regulatory agencies against depository institutions and certain "institution-affiliated parties" (primarily including management, employees, and agents of a financial institution, independent contractors such as attorneys and accountants, and others who participate in the conduct of the financial institution's affairs). These practices can include the failure of an institution to timely file required reports; the filing of false or misleading information; or the submission of inaccurate reports. Civil penalties may be as high as $1,000,000 a day for such violations. Criminal penalties for some financial institution crimes have been increased to twenty years. In addition, regulators are provided with greater flexibility to commence enforcement actions against institutions and institution-affiliated parties. Possible enforcement actions include the termination of deposit insurance. Furthermore, FIRREA expanded the appropriate banking agencies' power to issue cease and desist orders that may, among other things, require affirmative action to correct any harm resulting from a violation or practice, including restitution, reimbursement, indemnifications, or guarantees against loss. A financial institution may also be ordered to restrict its growth, dispose of certain assets, rescind agreements or contracts, or take other actions as determined by the ordering agency to be appropriate.

Effect of Governmental Monetary Policies.The earnings of the Bank are affected by domestic economic conditions and the monetary and fiscal policies of the United States government and its agencies. The Federal Reserve Board's monetary policies have had, and are likely to continue to have, an important impact on the operating results of commercial banks through its power to implement national monetary policy in order, among other things, to curb inflation or combat a recession. The monetary policies of the Federal Reserve Board have major effects upon the levels of bank loans, investments, and deposits through its open market operations in United States government securities and through its regulation of the discount rate on borrowings of member banks and the reserve requirements against member bank deposits. It is not possible to predict the nature or impact of future changes in monetary and fiscal policies.

Significant Legislation.The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching EfficiencyDodd-Frank Act, of 1994 (the "Interstate Banking Act") permits eligible bank holding companies in any state, with regulatory approval, to acquire banking organizations in any other state. The Interstate Banking Act allows banks with different home states to merge, unless a particular state opts out of the statute. In addition, the Interstate Banking Act permits national and state banks to establish de novo branches in another state if there is a law in that state which applies equally to all banks and expressly permits all out-of-state banks to establish de novo branches.

The Gramm- Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (the "Financial Services Modernization Act") repealed the two affiliation provisions of the Glass-Steagall Act: Section 20, which restricted the affiliation of Federal Reserve Member Banks with firms "engaged principally" in specified securities activities; and Section 32, which restricts officer, director, or employee interlocks between a member bank and any company or person "primarily engaged" in specified securities activities. In addition, the Financial Services Modernization Act also contains provisions that expressly preempt any state law restricting the establishment of financial affiliations, primarily related to insurance. The general effect of the law is to establish a comprehensive framework to permit affiliations among commercial banks, insurance companies, securities firms, and other financial service providers by revising and expanding the BHCA framework to permit a holding company system to engage in a full range of financial activities through a new entity known as a Financial Holding Company. "Financial activities" is broadly defined to include not only banking, insurance, and securities activities, but also merchant banking and additional activities that the Federal Reserve, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, determines to be financial in nature, incidental to such financial activities, or complementary activities that do not pose a substantial risk to the safety and soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally.

Generally, the Financial Services Modernization Act:

·Repeals historical restrictions on, and eliminates many federal and state law barriers to, affiliations among banks, securities firms, insurance companies, and other financial service providers;

·Provides a uniform framework for the functional regulation of the activities of banks, savings institutions, and their holding companies;

·Broadens the activities that may be conducted by national banks, banking subsidiaries of bank holding companies, and their financial subsidiaries;

·Provides an enhanced framework for protecting the privacy of consumer information;

·Adopts a number of provisions related to the capitalization, membership, corporate governance, and other measures designed to modernize the Federal Home Loan Bank system;

·Modifies the laws governing the implementation of the Community Reinvestment Act ("CRA"); and

·Addresses a variety of other legal and regulatory issues affecting both day-to-day operations and long-term activities of financial institutions.

In order for a bank holding company to take advantage of the ability to affiliate with other financial services providers, that company must become a "Financial Holding Company" as permitted under an amendment to the BHCA. To become a Financial Holding Company, a company would file a declaration with the Federal Reserve, electing to engage in activities permissible for Financial Holding Companies and certifying that it is eligible to do so because all of its insured depository institution subsidiaries are well-capitalized and well-managed. In addition, the Federal Reserve must also determine that each insured depository institution subsidiary of a company has at least a "satisfactory" CRA rating.

The Financial Services Modernization Act also permits national banks to engage in expanded activities through the formation of financial subsidiaries. A national bank may have a subsidiary engaged in any activity authorized for national banks directly or any financial activity, except for insurance underwriting, insurance investments, real estate investment or development, or merchant banking, which may only be conducted through a subsidiary of a Financial Holding Company. Financial activities include all activities permitted under new sections of the BHCA or permitted by regulation.

A national bank seeking to have a financial subsidiary, and each of its depository institution affiliates, must be "well-capitalized" and "well-managed." The total assets of all financial subsidiaries may not exceed the lesser of 45% of a bank's total assets, or $50 billion. A national bank must exclude from its assets and equity all equity investments, including retained earnings, in a financial subsidiary. The assets of the subsidiary may not be consolidated with the bank's assets. The bank must also have policies and procedures to assess financial subsidiary risk and protect the bank from such risks and potential liabilities.

The Financial Services Modernization Act amended the Federal Deposit Insurance Act governing subsidiaries of state banks that engage in "activities as principal that would only be permissible" for a national bank to conduct in a financial subsidiary. It expressly preserves the ability of a state bank to retain all existing subsidiaries. Because Mississippi permits commercial banks chartered by the state to engage in any activity permissible for national banks, the state bank competitors of The First are permitted to form subsidiaries to engage in the activities authorized by the Financial Services Modernization Act, to the same extent as The First. In order to form a financial subsidiary, a state bank must be well-capitalized and well-managed to engage in interstate transactions. In the statepast, only the subsidiary banks were required to meet those standards. The Federal Reserve Board’s “source of strength doctrine” has now been codified, mandating that bank would be subject to the same capital deduction, risk management and affiliate transaction rules as applicable to national banks.

The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (USA Patriot Act) broadened the application of anti-money laundering regulations to apply to additional types of financial institutions,holding companies such as broker-dealers, and strengthened the abilityCompany serve as a source of the U.S. Government to detect and prosecute international money laundering and the financing of terrorism. The principal provisions of Title III of the USA Patriot Act require that regulated financial institutions, including state member banks: (i) establish an anti-money laundering program that includes training and audit components; (ii) comply with regulations regarding the verification of the identity of any person seeking to open an account; (iii) take additional required precautions with non-U.S. owned accounts; and (iv) perform certain verification and certification of money laundering riskstrength for their foreign correspondent banking relationships. The USA Patriot Act also expandedsubsidiary banks, such that the conditions under which funds in a U.S. interbank account maybank holding company must be subjectable to forfeiture and increased the penalties for violation of anti-money laundering regulations. Failure of aprovide financial institution to comply with the USA Patriot Act’s requirements could have serious legal and reputational consequences for the institution. The Bank has adopted policies, procedures and controls to address compliance with the requirements of the USA Patriot Act under the existing regulations and will continue to revise and update its policies, procedures and controls to reflect changes required by the USA Patriot Act and implementing regulations.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 addresses, among other issues, corporate governance, auditing and accounting, executive compensation, and enhanced and timely disclosure of corporate information. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and regulations adopted by the SEC require the Company to include in its Annual Report, a report stating management’s responsibility to establish and maintain adequate internal controls over financial reporting and management’s conclusion on the effectiveness of the internal controls at year end. Additionally, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm is required to attest to and report on management’s evaluation of internal control over financial reporting.

From time to time, various bills are introducedassistance in the United States Congress with respect toevent the regulation ofsubsidiary bank experiences financial institutions. Certain of these proposals, if adopted, could significantly change the regulation of banks and the financial services industry. The Company cannot predict whether any of these proposals will be adopted or, if adopted, how these proposals would affect the Company.

Recent Legislative and Regulatory Initiativesdistress.

 

Mortgage Rules. During 2013, the CFPB finalized a series of rules related to the extension of residential mortgage loans made by banks. Among these rules are requirements that a bank make a good faith determination that a borrower has the ability to repay a mortgage loan prior to extending such credit, a requirement that certain mortgage loans contain escrow payments, new appraisal requirements, and specific rules regarding how loan originators may be compensated.compensated and the servicing of residential mortgage loans. The implementation of these new rules began in January 2014.

Volcker Rule. In December 2013, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC, the OCC, the SEC,Commission, and the CFTCCommodity Futures Trading Commission issued the “Prohibitions And Restrictions On Proprietary Trading And Certain Interests In, And Relationships With, Hedge Funds And Private Equity Funds,” commonly referred to as the Volcker Rule, which regulates and restricts investments which may be made by banks. The Volcker Rule was adopted to implement a portion of the Dodd-Frank Act and new Section 13 of the Bank Holding Company Act, which prohibits any banking entity from engaging in proprietary trading or from acquiring or retaining an ownership interest in, or sponsoring or having certain relationships with, a hedge fund or private equity fund (“covered funds”), subject to certain exemptions.

 

Basel III. On July 2, 2013,Debit Interchange Fees

Interchange fees, or “swipe” fees, are fees that merchants pay to credit card companies and card-issuing banks such as the Bank for processing electronic payment transactions on their behalf. The maximum permissible interchange fee that an issuer may receive for an electronic debit transaction is the sum of 21 cents per transaction and 5 basis points multiplied by the value of the transaction, subject to an upward adjustment of 1 cent if an issuer certifies that it has implemented policies and procedures reasonably designed to achieve the fraud-prevention standards set forth by the Federal Reserve.

In addition, the legislation prohibits card issuers and networks from entering into exclusive arrangements requiring that debit card transactions be processed on a single network or only two affiliated networks, and allows merchants to determine transaction routing. Due to the Company’s primary federal regulators—thesize, The Federal Reserve Board and the OCC – adopted final rules implementing the Basel III framework which substantially revised the risk-based capital requirements applicable to bank holding companies and depository institutions. These final rules are based on the international capital accords of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (Basel Committee).rule limiting debit interchange fees has not reduced our debit card interchange revenues.

Summary

 

The newforegoing is a brief summary of certain statutes, rules address bothand regulations affecting the componentsCompany and the Bank. It is not intended to be an exhaustive discussion of capitalall statutes and regulations having an impact on the operations of such entities.

Increased regulation generally has resulted in increased legal and compliance expense.

Finally, additional bills may be introduced in the future in the U.S. Congress and state legislatures to alter the structure, regulation and competitive relationships of financial institutions. It cannot be predicted whether and in what form any of these proposals will be adopted or the extent to which the business of the Company and the Bank may be affected thereby.

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Effect of Governmental Monetary and Fiscal Policies

The difference between the interest rate paid on deposits and other issues affectingborrowings and the numeratorinterest rate received on loans and securities comprises most of a bank’s earnings. In order to mitigate the interest rate risk inherent in the industry, the banking institutions’ regulatory capital ratios, as well as address risk weights and other issues affecting the denominator, replacing the existing Basel I-derived risk weighting approach with a more risk-sensitive approach based, in part,business is becoming increasingly dependent on the standardized approachgeneration of fee and service charge revenue.

The earnings and growth of a bank will be affected by both general economic conditions and the monetary and fiscal policy of the U.S. government and its agencies, particularly the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve sets national monetary policy such as seeking to curb inflation and combat recession. This is accomplished by its open-market operations in U.S. government securities, adjustments in the Basel Committee’s 2004 “Basel II” capital accords. Such instruments issued prioramount of reserves that financial institutions are required to May 19, 2010, currently included in Tier 1 capital are grandfathered in, so long as they are limitedmaintain and adjustments to 25 percentthe discount rates on borrowings and target rates for federal funds transactions. The actions of the institution’s Tier 1 capital elements.Federal Reserve in these areas influence the growth of bank loans, investments and deposits and also affect interest rates on loans and deposits. The final rules impose several new minimum capital ratios, including a common equity to risk-weighted assets minimum rationature and timing of 4.5%, a Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets minimum ratio of 8%,any future changes in monetary policies and a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% added to the common equity Tier 1 capital, the Tier 1 capital and the total capital ratios. Each of the minimum capital ratios take effect in 2015, with the capital conservation buffer set to be phased in the beginning of 2016 and implemented in full by 2019.

Under the final rules, the treatment of residential mortgage exposures remains unchanged from current practice. First-lien, one-to-four family residential mortgage exposures that are not past due, non-accrual, or restructured will generally receive a 50 percent risk weight. All other residential mortgages receive a 100 percent risk weight. Under the final rules however, some banks are given a one-time “opt out” in which they may elect to filter certain volatile accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) components from inclusion in regulatory capital. The AOCI opt-out election must be madetheir potential impact on the institution’s first Call Report, FR Y-9C or FR Y-9SP, as applicable, filed after January 1, 2015. Lastly, under the final rules, banks with less than $15 billion in total consolidated assets as of December 31, 2009, or organized in mutual form as of May 19, 2010, are exempt from the requirement that they phase out TruPS and cumulative perpetual preferred stock from Tier 1 capital.Company cannot be predicted.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

 

Making or continuing an investment in securities, including the Company’s Common Stock, involves certain risks that you should carefully consider. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only risks that may have a material adverse effect on the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties also could adversely affect the Company’s business and results of operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be affected, the market price for your securities could decline, and you could lose all or a part of your investment. Further, to the extent that any of the information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K constitutes forward-looking statements, the risk factors set forth below also are cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company.

We may be vulnerable to certain sectors of the economyeconomy.

 

A significant portion of theour loan portfolio is secured by real estate. If the economy deteriorates and real estate values depress beyond a certain point, as happened during the recent recession, the collateral value of the portfolio and the revenue stream from those loans could come under stress and possibly require additional loan loss accruals.accruals which would negatively impact our earnings. Our ability to dispose of foreclosed real estate at prices above the respective carrying values could also be impinged,adversely affected, causing additional losses.

 

Difficult market conditions mayin past years have adversely affectaffected the industry in which we operateoperate.

 

In the past, theThe capital and credit markets have experiencedare subject to volatility and disruption, which caused volatility and disruption to reach unprecedented levels.disruption. Dramatic declines in the housing market with fallingin years past caused home prices to fall and increasingincreased foreclosures, unemployment and under-employment,under-employment. These events, if they were to happen again, could negatively impactedimpact the credit performance of our mortgage loans and resultedresult in significant write-downs of asset values, by financial institutions, including government-sponsored entities as well as major commercial and investment banks. Due to concernsStill wary about the stability of the financial markets generally and the strength of counterparties, many lenders were forced to reduce or cease providingstill have reduced funding to borrowers, including to other financial institutions. ThatFurther market turmoil and tightening of credit ledcould lead to an increased level of commercial and consumer delinquencies, lack of consumer confidence and widespread reduction of business activity generally. Although, the capital and credit markets have improved over the last several years, aA worsening of these conditions would likely re-aggravate thehave an adverse effects of those difficult market conditionseffect on us and others in the financial institution industry. Also, a new economic downturn would exacerbate our exposure to credit risk,industry generally, particularly in our real estate markets, as lower home prices and increased foreclosures would likely result in higher charge-offs and delinquencies.

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General economic conditions in the areas where our operations or loans are concentrated may adversely affect our customers’ ability to meet their obligationsobligations.

 

A sudden or severe downturn in the economy in the geographic markets we serve in the statestates of Mississippi, Alabama,Louisiana, or LouisianaAlabama may affect the ability of our customers to meet loan paymentspayment obligations on a timely basis. The local economic conditions in these areas have a significant impact on our commercial, real estate, and construction loans, the ability of borrowers to repay these loans and the value of the collateral securing such loans. Changes resulting in adverse economic conditions of ourthese market areas could negatively impact the financial results of the Company’s banking operations, earnings, and its profitability.

 

Additionally, adverse economic changes may cause customers to withdraw deposit balances, thereby causing a strain on our liquidity.

We are subject to a risk of rapid and significant changes in market interest ratesrates.

 

Our assets and liabilities are primarily monetary in nature, and as a result we are subject to significant risks tied to changes in interest rates. Our ability to operate profitably is largely dependent upon net interest income. Unexpected movement in interest rates markedly changing the slope of the current yield curve could cause net interest margins to decrease, subsequently decreasing net interest income. In addition, such changes could adversely affect the valuation of our assets and liabilities.

 

At present the Company’s one-year interest rate sensitivity position is slightly liabilityasset sensitive, but a gradual increase in interest rates during the next twelve months should not have a significant impact on net interest income during that period. However, as with most financial institutions, the Company’s results of operations are affected by changes in interest rates and the Company’s ability to manage this risk. The difference between interest rates charged on interest-earning assets and interest rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities may be affected by changes in market interest rates, changes in relationships between interest rate indices, and/or changes in the relationships between long-term and short-term market interest rates. A change in this difference might result in an increase in interest expense relative to interest income, or a decrease in the Company’s interest rate spread.

Certain changes in interest rates, inflation, or the financial markets could affect demand for our products and our ability to deliver products efficientlyefficiently.

 

Loan originations, and potentiallytherefore loan revenues, could be adversely impacted by sharply rising interest rates. Conversely, sharply falling rates could increase prepayments within our loan and securities portfolio lowering interest earnings from those investments.assets. An unanticipated increase in inflation could cause operating costs related to salaries and benefits, technology, and supplies to increase at a faster pace than revenues.

 

The fair market value of the securities portfolio and the investment income from these securities also fluctuatefluctuates depending on general economic and market conditions. In addition, actual net investment income and/or cash flows from investments that carry prepayment risk, such as mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities, may differ from those anticipated at the time of investment as a result of interest rate fluctuations.

Changes in the policies of monetary authorities and other government action could adversely affect profitabilityprofitability.

 

The results of operations of the Company are affected by credit policies of monetary authorities, particularly the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, which we refer to as the Federal Reserve Board. The instruments of monetary policy employed by the Federal Reserve Board include open market operations in U.S. government securities, changes in the discount rate or the federal funds rate on bank borrowings and changes in reserve requirements against bank deposits. In view of changing conditions in the national economy and in the money markets, particularly in light of the continuing threat of terrorist attacks, unrest in Eastern Europe and the current military operations in the Middle East, we cannot predict possible future changes in interest rates, deposit levels, loan demand or the Company’s business and earnings. Furthermore, the actions of the United States government and other governments in responding to such terrorist attacksdeveloping situations or the military operations in the Middle East may result in currency fluctuations, exchange controls, market disruption and other adverse effects.

15

 

Natural disasters could affect our ability to operateoperate.

 

Our market areas are susceptible to natural disasters such as hurricanes.hurricanes and tornados. Natural disasters can disrupt operations, result in damage to properties that may be securing our loan assets and negatively affect the local economies in which we operate. The Company cannot predict whether or to what extent damage caused by future hurricanes, tornados or other natural disasters will affect operations or the economies in our market areas, but such weather events could cause a decline in loan originations, a decline in the value or destruction of properties securing the loans and an increase in the risk of delinquencies, foreclosures or loan losses.

 

Greater loan losses than expected may adversely affect our earningsearnings.

 

The BankFirst, as lender, is exposed to the risk that its customers will be unable to repay their loans in accordance with their terms and that any collateral securing the payment of their loans may not be sufficient to assure repayment. Credit losses are inherent in the business of making loans and could have a material adverse effect on operating results. Credit risk with respect to itsour real estate and construction loan portfolio will relate principally to the creditworthiness of corporations and the value of the real estate serving as security for the repayment of loans. Credit risk with respect to its commercial and consumer loan portfolio will relate principally to the general creditworthiness of businesses and individuals within our local markets.

 

The BankFirst makes various assumptions and judgments about the collectability of its loan portfolio and provides an allowance for estimated loan losses based on a number of factors. The BankFirst believes that its current allowance for loan losses is adequate. However, if our assumptions or judgments prove to be incorrect, the allowance for loan losses may not be sufficient to cover actual loan losses. We may have to increase the allowance in the future in response to the request of one of itsour primary banking regulators, to adjust for changing conditions and assumptions, or as a result of any deterioration in the quality of the loan portfolio. The actual amount of future provisions for loan losses cannot be determined at this time and may vary from the amounts of past provisions.

The Company may need to rely on the financial markets to provide needed capitalcapital.

 

The Company’s Common Stockcommon stock is listed and traded on the NASDAQ stock market. Although the Company anticipates that its capital resources will be adequate for the foreseeable future to meet its capital requirements, at times we may depend on the liquidity of the NASDAQ stock market to raise equity capital. If the market should fail to operate, or if conditions in the capital markets are adverse, the Company may be constrained in raising capital. Should these risks materialize, the ability to further expand its operations through internal growth may be limited.

 

We are subject to regulation by various Federal and State entitiesentities.

 

The Company isand The First are subject to the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the OCC. New regulations issued by these agencies may adversely affect the Company’s ability to carry on its business activities. The Company is subject to various Federal and state laws and certain changes in these laws and regulations may adversely affect operations.

 

The Company isand The First are also subject to the accounting rules and regulations of the SEC and the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Changes in accounting rules could adversely affect the reported financial statements or results of operations of First Bancsharesthe Company and may also require extraordinary efforts or additional costs to implement. Any of these laws or regulations may be modified or changed from time to time, and we cannot be assured that such modifications or changes will not adversely affect the Company.

16

 

We may engage in acquisitions of other businesses from time to time, which may not be well-received.

 

On occasion, the Company willmay engage in acquisitions of other businesses. Acquisitions may result in customer and employee turnover, thus increasing the cost of operating the new businesses. The acquired companies may also have legal contingencies, beyond those that the Company is aware of, that could result in unexpected costs. Difficulty in integrating an acquired business or company may cause the Company not to realize expected revenue increases, cost savings, increases in geographic or product presence, or other anticipated benefits from any acquisition. The integration could result in higher than expected deposit attrition (run-off), loss of key employees, disruption of the Company’s business or the business of the acquired company, or otherwise adversely affect the Company’s ability to maintain relationships with customers and employees or achieve the anticipated benefits of the acquisition. The Company may need to make additional investment in equipment and personnel to manage higher asset levels and loan balances as a result of any significant acquisition, which may adversely impact earnings.

We are subject to industry competition which may have an adverse impact upon its successour success.

 

The profitability of the Company depends on its ability to compete successfully.successfully with other financial services companies. We operate in a highly competitive financial services environment. Certain competitors are larger and may have more resources than we do. We face competition in our regional market areas from other commercial banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, internet banks, finance companies, mutual funds, insurance companies, brokerage and investment banking firms, and other financial intermediaries that offer similar services. Some of the nonbank competitors are not subject to the same extensive regulations that govern the Company or the BankThe First and may have greater flexibility in competing for business.

 

Another competitive factor is that the financial services market, including banking services, is undergoing rapid changes with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services. Our future success may depend, in part, on our ability to use technology competitively to provide products and services that provide convenience to customers and create additional efficiencies in operations.

 

Future issuances of additional securities could result in dilution of shareholders’ ownershipownership.

 

The Company may determine from time to time to issue additional securities to raise additional capital, support growth, or to make acquisitions. Further, the Company may issue stock options or other stock grants to retain and motivate our employees. Such issuances of Company securities willcould dilute the ownership interests of the Company’s shareholders.

 

Anti-takeover laws and certain agreements and charter provisions may adversely affect share valuevalue.

 

Certain provisions of state and federal law and the Company’s articles of incorporation may make it more difficult for someone to acquire control of the Company. Under federal law, subject to certain exemptions, a person, entity, or group must notify the federal banking agencies before acquiring 10% or more of the outstanding voting stock of a bank holding company, including the Company’s shares. Banking agencies review the acquisition to determine if it will result in a change of control. The banking agencies have 60 days to act on the notice, and take into account several factors, including the resources of the acquiror and the antitrust effects of the acquisition. There also are Mississippi statutory provisions and provisions in the Company’s articles of incorporation that may be used to delay or block a takeover attempt. As a result, these statutory provisions and provisions in the Company’s articles of incorporation could result in the Company being less attractive to a potential acquiror.

Securities issued by the Company, including the Company’s Common Stock,common stock, are not FDIC insuredinsured.

Securities issued by the Company, including the Company’s Common Stock,common stock, are not savings or deposit accounts or other obligations of any bank and are not insured by the FDIC, the Deposit Insurance Fund, or any other governmental agency or instrumentality, or any private insurer, and are subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of principal.

The failure of other financial institutions could adversely affect the CompanyCompany.

 

The Company’s ability to engage in routine funding transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and potential failures of other financial institutions. Financial institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty and other relationships. As a result, defaults by, or even rumors or concerns about, one or more financial institutions or the financial services industry generally have led to market-wide liquidity problems and could lead to losses or defaults by the Company or by other institutions.

 

17

Concern by customers over deposit insurance may cause a decrease in deposits and changes in the mix of funding sources available to the Companyy.

 

With recent increased concerns about bank failures, customers increasingly are concerned about the extent to which their deposits are insured by the FDIC. Customers may withdraw deposits in an effort to ensure that the amount they have on deposit with their bank is fully insured and some may seek deposit products or other bank savings and investment products that are collateralized. Decreases in deposits and changes in the mix of funding sources may adversely affect the Company’s funding costs and net income.

 

Evaluation of investment securities for other-than-temporary impairment involves subjective determinations and could materially impact the Company’s results of operations and financial conditioncondition.

The evaluation of impairments is a quantitative and qualitative process, which is subject to risks and uncertainties, and is intended to determine whether declines in the fair value of investmentinvestments should be recognized in current period earnings. The risks and uncertainties include changes in general economic conditions, the issuers’ financial condition or future recovery prospects, the effects of changes in interest rates or credit spreads and the expected recovery period. Estimating future cash flows involves incorporating information received from third-party sources and making internal assumptions and judgments regarding the future performance of the underlying collateral and assessing the probability that an adverse change in future cash flows has occurred. The determination of the amount of other-than-temporary impairments is based upon the Company’s quarterly evaluation and assessment of known and inherent risks associated with the respective asset class. Such evaluations and assessments are revised as conditions change and new information becomes available.

 

Additionally, the Company’s management considers a wide range of factors about the security issuer and uses its reasonable judgment in evaluating the cause of the decline in the estimated fair value of the security and in assessing the prospects for recovery. Inherent in management’s evaluation of the security are assumptions and estimates about the operations of the issuer and its future earnings potential. Impairments to the carrying value of our investment securities may need to be taken in the future, which would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

The Company may be required to pay additional insurance premiums to the FDIC, which could negatively impact earningsearnings.

Recent insured institution failures, as well as deterioration in banking and economic conditions generally, have significantly increased FDIC loss provisions, resulting in a decline in the designated reserve ratio to historical lows. The FDIC expects a higher rate of insured institution failures in the next few years compared to recent years; thus, the reserve ratio may continue to decline. In addition, pursuantPursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the limit on FDIC coverage has been permanently increased to $250,000. These developments have caused$250,000, causing the premiums assessed to the Bank by the FDIC to increase.

Further, depending Depending upon any future losses that the FDIC insurance fund may suffer, there can be no assurance that there will not be additional premium increases in order to replenish the fund. The FDIC may need to set a higher base rate schedule or impose special assessments due to future financial institution failures and updated failure and loss projections. Potentially higher FDIC assessment rates than those currently projected could have an adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations.

 

The Company participates in the U.S. Treasury’s Troubled Asset Relief ProgramProgram.

 

The Company received $5,000,000$17,123,000 in funding under the Community Development Capital Purchase ProgramInitiative (“CPP”CDCI”) in exchange for preferred stock and common stock warrants during 2009, which funding was refinanced into lower-cost Community Development Capital Initiative (“CDCI”) funding on September 29, 2010. In addition, on September 29, 2010, the Company also accepted $12,123,000 in additional CDCI funding, for a total of $17,123,000 in CDCI funding. Participation in this program constrains the Company’s ability to raise dividends and also places certain constraints on executive compensation arrangements. The increased funding provides assurance that the Company can maintain its minimum regulatory capital ratios in the face ofevent the Company were to experience future large real estate-related losses. The dividend rate on the preferred stock issued under the CDCI increases from two percent (2%) to nine percent (9%) in 2018, and therefore the Company willmay have to repay these funds possibly by raising capital within the next sevenif it would like to eight years to keep its dividend costs from increasing to 9% per annum.

Both the CPP and theavoid this increased payment. The CDCI areis part of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (“TARP”). and the Company may repay the preferred stock at any time without penalty. The rules that govern the TARP include restrictions on certain compensation to executive officers and a number of others in the Company. Among other things, these rules include a prohibition on golden parachute payments, a prohibition on providing tax gross-ups, a bonus claw-back provision, and a prohibition on paying any bonus payment to the Company’s most highly compensated employees.employee. It is possible that compensation restrictions imposed on TARP participants could impede our ability to attract and retain qualified executive officers.

Our participation in the TARP limits our annual dividend payments to no more than $0.15 per share. Our ability to repurchase our common stock would also be restricted in the event that we failed to make our dividend payments.

 

18

The Company may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of the recent Bay Bank acquisition on the anticipated schedule, if at all.

The Company recently executed a Merger Agreement to purchasecompleted its acquisition of BCB Holding Company, Inc. ofand its wholly-owned subsidiary bank, Bay Bank, previously headquartered in Mobile, Alabama

On March 3, 2014, discussed on under the heading “BUSINESS OF THE COMPANY, Recent Developments.” The Company may face significant challenges in integrating Bay Bank operations into our operations in a timely and efficient manner and in retaining Bay Bank personnel. Achieving the anticipated benefits, including revenue increases, cost savings, increases in geographic and product presence, and other anticipated benefits of the acquisition will depend in part on whether the Company entered intointegrates Bay Bank’s businesses in an Agreementefficient and Planeffective manner. The integration could result in higher than expected deposit attrition (run-off), loss of Merger (the “Agreement”) with BCB Holding Company, Inc. an Alabama corporation (“BCB”) and parent of Bay Bank, Mobile, Alabama. The Agreement provides that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Agreement, BCB will merge with and into the Company (the “Merger”) and Bay Bank will merge with and into The First. Subject to the terms and conditionskey employees, disruption of the Agreement, which has been approved byCompany’s business or the Boards of Directorsbusiness of the acquired company, or otherwise adversely affect the Company’s ability to maintain relationships with customers and employees or achieve the anticipated benefits of the acquisition. The Company may need to make additional investment in equipment and BCB, each outstanding sharepersonnel to manage higher asset levels and loan balances as a result of BCB common stock, other than shares held by the Company or BCB, or, shares with respect to which the holders thereof have perfected dissenters’ rights, will receive (i) for the BCB common stock that was outstanding prior to August 1, 2013, (x) $3.60 per shareacquisition, which may adversely impact earnings. The Company may not be received in cashable to accomplish this integration process smoothly or Company common stock provided that at least 30%successfully. In addition, the integration of certain operations will require the dedication of significant management resources, which may temporarily distract management’s attention from the day-to-day business of the aggregate consideration paidcombined company. Any inability to such shareholders is in FBMS common stock and (y) one non-transferable contingent value right (“CVR”) and (ii) forrealize the BCB common stock that was issued on August 1, 2013, $2.25 per share in cash. Each CVR is eligible to receive a cash payment equal to up to $0.40, with the exact amount based on the resolutionfull extent of, certain identified BCB loans over a three-year period following the closingor any of, the transaction. Payoutanticipated financial benefits and cost savings of the CVR will be overseen by a special committee of the Company Board of Directors. FBMS will also either assume or redeem in full a note payable by BCB to Alostar Bankacquisition, as well as any delays encountered in the preferred stock issued under the U.S. Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program. The total consideration to be paid in connection with the acquisition will range between approximately $6,239,890.25 and $6,611,762.25 depending upon the payout of the CVR as well as the price of Company common stockintegration process, could have an adverse effect on the closing of the transaction, which is subject to a capbusiness and a collar regarding its price.

Concurrently, the Company and BCB will enter into an agreement and plan of merger pursuant to which BCB’s wholly owned subsidiary, Bay Bank, will be merged with and into the The First.

The Agreement contains customary representations and warranties from both the Company and BCB and each have agreed to customary covenants, including, among others, covenants relating to (1) the conduct of BCB’s businesses during the interim period between the execution of the Agreement and the completion of the Merger, (2) cooperation with respect to the filing of regulatory approval applications by the Company, The First, BCB and Bay Bank regarding the Merger, the Bank Merger and the transactions contemplated thereby. BCB has also agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not to (a) solicit proposals relating to alternative business combination transactions or (b) enter into any discussions, or enter into any agreement, concerning, or provide confidential information in connection with, any proposals for alternative business combination transactions.

Completion of the Merger is subject to certain customary conditions, including, among others, (1) receipt of all required regulatory approvals, (2) the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the other party, and (3) performance in all material respects by the other party of its obligations under the Agreement.

If for any reason the Merger or the Bank Merger is not approved or consummated, or if the Merger or Bank Merger is consummated, but the implementation of the businesses of BCB and Bay Bank does not transition as expected, the results of operations of the Company and The Firstcombined company, which may be adversely affected.affect the market price of the Company’s common stock.

ITEM 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 

None

ITEM 2.PROPERTIES

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

 

The Company’s main office, which is the holding company headquarters, is located at 6480 U.S. Hwy 98 West in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. The Company operates 2328 full service banking and financial services offices and one motor bank facility as well as onetwo loan production office.offices. The Company maintains leases on the Hardy Court Branch, the Gulfport Downtown Branch, the Pascagoula Branch, the Ocean Springs Branch, the Fairhope Branch, the Bayley’s Corner Branch, the Theodore Branch, the Dauphin Island Branch and the FairhopeBaton Rouge Branch as well as on the Bay Minette LPO and the Slidell LPO. Management ensures that all properties, whether owned or leased, are maintained in suitable condition.

ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

From time to time the Company and/or the Bank may be named as defendants in various lawsuits arising out of the normal course of business. At present, the Company is not aware of any legal proceedings that it anticipates may materially adversely affect its business.

ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

 

Not applicable.

 

19

PART II

ITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 

Market Information

 

The Company’s common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Market under the ticker symbol “FBMS”.

The following table sets forth the high and low sales price of the Company’s common stock as reported on the

NASDAQ Global Market. These prices do not reflect retail mark-ups, mark-downs or commissions.

        Cash 
  High  Low  Dividends 
  Sale  Sale  Paid 
2013            
4th quarter $16.60  $13.02  $0.0375 
3rd quarter  14.96   11.55   0.0375 
2nd quarter  15.40   11.50   0.0375 
1st quarter  12.49   9.55   0.0375 
             
2012            
4th quarter $10.96  $9.13  $0.0375 
3rd quarter  10.52   8.99   0.0375 
2nd quarter  9.25   8.54   0.0375 
1st quarter  11.02   7.10   0.0375 

          Cash 
    High  Low  Dividends 
    Sale  Sale  Paid 
2014          
  4thquarter $15.50  $14.29  $0.0375 
  3rd quarter  14.98   14.20   0.0375 
  2nd quarter  14.74   14.11   0.0375 
  1st quarter  14.82   13.83   0.0375 
               
2013              
  4th  quarter $16.60  $13.02  $0.0375 
  3rd quarter  14.96   11.55   0.0375 
  2nd quarter  15.40   11.50   0.0375 
  1st  quarter  12.49   9.55   0.0375 

 

There were 1,1461,189 registered shareholders and approximately 374 beneficial holders of the Company’s common stock at March 20, 201419, 2015 and 5,149,2805,378,022 shares outstanding. On March 20, 2014,19, 2015, the high and low sale prices of the Company’s common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Market was $14.13$16.38 and $14.13,$16.38, respectively.

 

The principal sources of funds to the Company to pay dividends are the dividends received from The First, National Banking Association, Hattiesburg, Mississippi. Consequently, dividends are dependent upon the Bank’s earnings, capital needs, regulatory policies, as well as statutory and regulatory limitations. Federal and state banking laws and regulations restrict the amount of dividends and loans a bank may make to its parent company. Approval by The First Bancshares, Inc.the Company’s regulators is required if the total of all dividends declared in any calendar year exceed the total of its net income for that year combined with its retained net income of the preceding two years.

 

Stock Performance Graph

 

The following performance graph and related information are neither “soliciting material” nor “filed’ with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended, except to the extent the Company specifically incorporates it by reference to such filing.

 

The performance graph compares the cumulative five-year shareholder return on the Company’s common stock, assuming an investment of $100 on December 31. 2008 and the reinvestment of dividends thereafter, to that of the common stocks of United States companies reported in the NASDAQ Composite-Total Returns Index and the common stocks of the NASDAQ OMX Banks Index. The NASDAQ OMX Banks Index contains securities of NASDAQ-listed companies classified according to the Industry Classification Benchmark as Banks. They include banks providing a broad range of financial services, including retail banking, loans and money transmissions.

 

2120
 

 

 

Legend

 

Symbol Total Returns Index For: 2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013 
                     
u First Bancshares, Inc.  100.00   77.65   95.77   87.46   109.98   165.78 
                           
¾ NASDAQ Composite-Total Returns  100.00   145.34   171.70   170.34   200.57   281.14 
                           
p NASDAQ OMX Banks Index  100.00   83.70   95.54   85.51   101.50   143.84 

Notes:

A.The lines represent monthly index levels derived from compounded daily returns that include all dividends.21
B.The indexes are reweighted daily, using the market capitalization on the previous trading day.
C.If the monthly interval, based on the fiscal year-end, is not a trading day, the preceding trading day is used.
D.he index level for all series was set to $100.0 on 12/31/2008.

ITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

In response to this Item, the information contained on page 5 of the Company’s Annual Report to Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2013,2014, is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION ANDRESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

In response to this Item, the information contained on pages 6 through 2728 of the Company's Annual Report to Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2013,2014, is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

Not applicable.

22

ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

 

In response to this Item, the information contained on pages 2930 through 7276 of the Company's Annual Report to Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 20132014 is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

 

Not applicable.

ITEM 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

The Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded, based upon their evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 20132014 that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective. During the quarter ended December 31, 2013,2014, no changes have occurred in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

The First Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

Management of the “Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the Company conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, management of the Company has concluded the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rules 12a-15(f), as of December 31, 2013.2014.

 

Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting can also be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. These inherent limitations, however, are known features of the financial reporting process. It is possible, therefore, to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s registered public accounting firm was not required to issue an attestation report on internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

/s/ M. Ray (Hoppy) Cole, Jr. /s/  Dee Dee Lowery
CEO and President Executive VP and Chief Financial Officer
March 31, 20142015 March 31, 20142015

ITEM 9B.OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Not applicable.

PART III

ITEM 10.DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICER, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICER, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

In response to this Item, the information contained under the captions, “Election of Directors” and “Additional Information Concerning Directors and Officers” of the Company's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 22, 2014,28, 2015, is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Code of Ethics

 

The Company's Board of Directors hasadopted a Code of Ethics that applies to the Company's principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions. A copy of this Code of Ethics can be found at the Company's internet website atwww.thefirstbank.com. The Company intends to disclose any amendments to its Code of Ethics, and any waiver from a provision of the Code of Ethics granted to the Company's principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions, on the Company's internet website within five business days following such amendment or waiver. The information contained on or connected to the Company's internet website is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K and should not be considered part of this or any other report that we file with or furnish to the SEC.

 

Audit Committee

 

The information contained under the caption “Committees of the Board of Directors” of the Company's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 22, 2014,28, 2015, is incorporated herein by reference. The Board of Directors has determined that there is at least one independent audit committee financial expert, J. Douglas Seidenburg,serving on the Audit Committee, as the terms independent and audit committee financial expert are used in pertinent NASDAQ listing standards and Securities and Exchange Commission

regulations.

 

Corporate Governance

 

The information contained under the caption “Additional Information Concerning Directors and Officers” of the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 22, 2014,28, 2015, is incorporated herein by reference.

23

 

As a TARP recipient the Company is required to have an Excessive Expenditure Policy. Such a policy was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors on July 23, 2009, and is posted on the Bank’s website atwww.thefirstbank.com.

ITEM 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

In response to this Item, the information contained under the caption “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” of the Company's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 22, 2014,28, 2015, is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

 

In response to this Item, the information contained under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” of the Company's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 22, 2014,28, 2015, is incorporated herein by reference.

 

24

Equity Compensation Plan Information
Plan category

Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options and warrants and rights

(a)

Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights

(b)

Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a))

(c)

Equity compensation plans

Approved by security holders

 

141,651[1]

 

-0-

 

173,349

Equity compensation plans

Not approved by security holders

 

-0-

 

-0-

 

-0-

Total141,651-0-173,349

[1]As of December 31, 2013, a total of 141,651 restricted stock awards have been granted under the Company’s 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (“2007 Plan”). A total of 173,349 shares remained available for issuance as awards under the 2007 Plan. The restricted stock awards are issuable subject to vesting requirements. No other awards have been made under the 2007 Plan.

ITEM 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

 

In response to this Item, the information contained under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” of the Company's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 22, 2014,28, 2015, is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 14.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

 

In response to this Item, the information contained under the caption “Principal Accountant Fees and Services” of the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Annual meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 22, 2014,28, 2015, is incorporated herein by reference.

 

PART IV

ITEM 15.EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 

The following exhibits are furnished (or incorporated by reference):

 

Exhibit Number Description
   
2.1Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of March 3, 2014, between The First Bancshares, Inc. and BCB Holding Company, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 7, 2014.
3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.13.2 to the Company's Registration Statement No. 33-94288Current Report on Form S-1)8-K filed on March 21, 2013).
   
3.2 Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Registration Statement No. 33-94288 on Form S-1).
   
3.3 Articles of Amendment Containing Certificate of Designations for the Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series CD (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed with Form 8-K with the Commission on October 4, 2010).
4.1 Provisions in the Company's Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws defining the rights of holders of the Company's Common Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement No. 33-94288 on Form S-1).
   
4.2 Form of Certificate of Common Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Registration Statement No. 33-94288 on Form S-1).
   
10.1 Purchase Letter Agreement dated February 6, 2009 between The First Bancshares and the United States Department of the Treasury, including the Standard Terms, with respect to the issuance of the CPP Preferred Stock.Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 8-K with the Commission on October 4, 2010).
   
10.2 Exchange Letter Agreement dated September 29, 2010 between The First Bancshares and the United States Department of the Treasury, including the Standard Terms, with respect to the exchange of the CDCI Preferred Stock.Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Form 8-K with the Commission on October 4, 2010).
   
10.5 Employment Agreement dated May 31, 2011, between The First, A National Banking Association and M. Ray Cole, Jr.
10.6First Bancshares, Inc. 1997 Stock Option Plan as of March 18, 1997 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.710.5 of the Company's Form 10-KSB10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996,2011, filed on March 29, 2012, File No. 33-94288)000-22507).

10.7 Agreement to Repurchase Stock by and among The First Bancshares, Inc., Nick Welch and David Johnson  (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company's Registration Statement No. 333-102908 on Form S-2).
   
10.8 The First Bancshares, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated  by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement No. 171996 on Form S-8)
   
13 The Company's 20132014 Annual Report
   
21 Subsidiaries of the Company
   
23 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
   
31.131 Certification of principal executive officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002.Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications
   
31.232 Certification of principal financial officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1Certification of principal executive officer pursuant to 18 U. S. C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2Certification of principal financial officer pursuant to 18 U. S. C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.Certifications
   
99.1 EESA Certification of CEO
   
99.2 EESA Certification of CFO

25
 
101.INS**XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

 

SIGNATURES

 

In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

  THE FIRST BANCSHARES, INC.
   
Date: March 31, 20142015By:/s/ M. Ray (Hoppy) Cole, Jr.
  M. Ray (Hoppy) Cole, Jr.
  Chief Executive Officer and President
(Principal (Principal Executive Officer)
   
Date: March 31, 20142015By:/s/ Dee Dee Lowery
  Dee Dee Lowery
  Executive VP and Chief Financial Officer
  (Principal Financial and Principal Accounting Officer)

In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

SIGNATURES CAPACITIES DATE
     
 /s/ /s/E. Ricky Gibson Director and Chairman of the Board March 31, 20142015
/s/ David W. BomboyDirectorMarch 31, 2015
/s/  Charles R. Lightsey Director March 31, 20142015
/s/  Fred McMurry Director March 31, 20142015
/s/  Gregory Mitchell Director March 31, 20142015
/s/ Ted E. Parker   Director March 31, 20142015
/s/ J. Douglas Seidenburg Director March 31, 20142015
 /s//s/ A. L. Smith Director March 31, 20142015
/s/ Andrew D. Stetelman Director March 31, 20142015
 /s//s/ M. Ray (Hoppy) Cole, Jr. CEO, President and Director March 31, 20142015
  (Principal Executive Officer)  
/s/ Dee Dee Lowery Executive VP & Chief Financial Officer  
  (Principal Financial and  
  Accounting Officer) March 31, 20142015

 

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