SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
| x | | | | |
| ☒ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
20172020
OR
| ¨ | | | | |
| ☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period fromto Commission file number 000-55776
RW Holdings NNN REIT,
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Maryland | | 47-4156046 | | | | | | |
| Maryland | | 47-4156046 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
| | |
3090 Bristol Street Suite 550
Costa Mesa,120 Newport Center Drive Newport Beach, CA | | 9262692660 |
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | | (Zip Code) |
(855) 742-4862
(888) 686-6348
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Title of Each Class | | Trading Symbol(s) | | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
| None | | None | | None |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨☐ No x
☒Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨☐ No x☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x☒ No ¨☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x☒ No¨Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of the Form 10-K or any amendment of this Form 10-K. ¨
☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer,
or a smaller reporting
company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated
filer”,filer,” “accelerated
filer”filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and
“smaller reporting“emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
(Check one):Large Accelerated Filer | ¨ | | Accelerated Filer | ¨ | | | | | | | |
Non-Accelerated FilerLarge accelerated filer | ¨☐ | (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☒ | Smaller reporting company | x☒ |
| | | Emerging growth company | x☒ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. x☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act). Yes ¨☐ No xWhile there☒
There is no established market for the Registrant’s shares of common
stock,stock. On May 20, 2020, the
Registrant is inRegistrant’s board of directors established an estimated per share net asset value of the
process of making an initial public offering of its shares ofRegistrant’s Class C common stock
pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-11 (Commission File No. 333-205684) and an offering of its shares of Class S common stock exclusively to non-U.S. Persons as defined under Rule 903 promulgated under the Securities Act pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act under and in accordance with Regulation S of the Securities Act. The Registrant is currently offering shares of both Class C and Class S common stock
at $10.05 per share.of $21.01 (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split on February 1, 2021) as of April 30, 2020. There were approximately 6,149,2378,045,711 shares of Class C common stock and no62,549 shares of Class S common stock held by non-affiliates as of June 30, 2017,2020, the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter.
quarter, for an aggregate market value of $169,040,388 and $1,314,155, respectively, assuming a market value as of that date of $21.01 per share (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split on February 1, 2021) of Class C common stock and Class S common stock.
As of
March 27, 2018,February 28, 2021, there were
10,041,2317,659,424 outstanding shares of the Registrant’s Class C common stock and
3,06563,029 outstanding shares of the Registrant’s Class S common stock.
Documents Incorporated by Reference:
Portions of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement with respect
The information that is required to
the 2018 annual meeting of stockholders are incorporated by referencebe included in Part III of this
report. TheAnnual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference to the definitive proxy statement
or an amendment to
this Form 10-K will be filed
no later thanby the registrant within 120 days
after the endof December 31, 2020. Only those portions of the
Registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.definitive proxy statement that are specifically incorporated by reference herein shall constitute a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Modiv Inc. (f/k/a RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc.) (the “Company”“Company,” “Modiv,” “us,” “we,” or “our”), other than historical facts, may be considered forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We intend for all such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act, Section 21E of the Exchange Act and other applicable law. Such statements include, in particular, statements about our plans, strategies, and prospects and are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, as well as known and unknown risks, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected or anticipated. Therefore, such statements are not intended to be a guarantee of our performance in future periods. Such forward-looking statements can generally be identified by our use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “can,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “plan,” “potential,” “project,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “continue,” or other similar words.
These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, are difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. Stockholders should carefully review the Part I,Item 1A. Risk Factors section below for a discussion of the risks and uncertainties that we believe are material to our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition.
Forward-looking statements that were true at the time made may ultimately prove to be incorrect or false. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which reflect our management’s view only as of the date this Annual Report on Form 10-K is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
Additionally, we undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results.These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, are difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. Stockholders should carefully review theItem 1A. Risk Factors section below for a discussion of the risks and uncertainties that we believe are material to our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition.
Forward-looking statements that were true at the time made may ultimately prove to be incorrect or false. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which reflect our management’s view only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We make no representation or warranty, (expressexpress or implied)implied, about the accuracy of any such forward-looking statements contained hereunder. Except as otherwise required by federal securities laws, we do not undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
ITEM1. BUSINESS
Overview
RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc. (the “Company”), formerly Rich Uncles NNN REIT, Inc, was formed
Modiv is a Maryland corporation, incorporated on May 14, 2015, as a Maryland corporation that elected to be taxedtreated as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes beginning with theits taxable year ended December 31, 2016 and it intends to continue to operatequalify to be taxed as a REIT. Modiv is a pioneer in suchthe direct-to-consumer commercial real estate product industry, having created one of the largest non-listed REITs to raise capital via crowd funding technology. Modiv is a manner.company that leads with an innovative, investor-first focus designed to increase access to non-listed commercial real estate products and to reduce the costs of owning those products. Additionally, Modiv continuously strives to have best-in-class corporate governance and has assembled distinguished executives, with decades of institutional real estate industry experience, on both its board of directors and executive management team. In 2021, the Company will continue to seek opportunities to be an aggregator within the non-listed real estate product industry, utilizing the combination of its deep understanding of both the crowd funding and real estate markets and the strength of its stockholder-owned, self-managed business model. The Company plans to invest in a diversified portfolio of real estate and real estate-related investments.
Modiv was originally incorporated under the name Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc., and changed its name on October 19, 2015 to Rich Uncles NNN REIT, Inc., changed its name again on August 14, 2017 to RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc. and again to Modiv Inc. on January 22, 2021. As used herein, the terms “Modiv,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to the CompanyModiv Inc. and, as required by context, Modiv Operating Partnership, LP (formerly known as RW Holdings NNN REIT Operating Partnership, LP and Rich Uncles NNN Operating Partnership, LP), a Delaware limited partnership (our “Operating Partnership” or “Modiv OP”), and Katana Merger Sub, LP, a Delaware limited partnership and wholly-owned subsidiary of Modiv (“Merger Sub”), and their subsidiaries. Merger Sub was merged into Modiv OP on December 31, 2020, resulting in all of the Company's real estate properties being owned by Modiv OP.
Since December 31, 2019, the Company has been internally managed following its December 31, 2019 acquisition of the business of BrixInvest, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and the Company’s former sponsor (“BrixInvest” or the “Former Sponsor”), and the Company’s merger with Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I (“REIT I”) as further described below. During 2020, the Company acquired the intellectual property of buildingbits.com (“BuildingBITs”), an innovative online real estate crowd funding platform, and the REITless investment platform (“REITless”), an online investment platform for commercial real estate investment offerings. As of December 31, 2020, Modiv’s publicly registered, non-listed portfolio consisted of (i) 40 commercial real estate properties (including four properties held for sale) in 14 states including 15 retail properties, 14 office properties and 11 industrial properties, (ii) one parcel of land, which we refercurrently serves as an easement to asone of the Company’s office properties and (iii) a 72.7% tenant-in-common interest in an office property in Santa Clara, California, with more than 2.3 million square feet of aggregate leasable space.
To further our
“Operating Partnership,”mission of being the leading provider of alternative real estate-related products, and to
their subsidiaries. We expect to conduct our business substantially through our Operating Partnership, of whichcapitalize on the current opportunity in today’s public marketplace, we are
sponsoring Modiv Acquisition Corp. (“MACS”), a special purpose acquisition company (“SPAC”). Modiv Venture Fund, LLC (“MVF”), an indirect subsidiary of Modiv TRS, LLC, our taxable REIT subsidiary, is the
sole general partner.sponsor of MACS. MVF formed MACS on January 15, 2021 with the intention of completing an initial public offering (“IPO”) of MACS as a SPAC. On January 29, 2021, MVF subscribed for 2,875,000 shares of common stock of MACS for $25,000, with 375,000 shares being cancellable if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is not exercised, which will result in MVF owning 20% of MACS upon completion of the IPO.
MACS publicly filed its registration statement on Form S-1 with the SEC on March 24, 2021 and plans to raise $100,000,000, or $115,000,000 if the over-allotment option is exercised, in its IPO. In connection with the public filing of the Form S-1, MVF deposited $4,500,000 in escrow with the attorneys for MACS. The $4,500,000 will be released from escrow upon completion of the IPO and used to purchase 9,000,000 warrants to purchase additional shares of MACS. Each warrant has the right to purchase 0.5 share of MACS common stock and can be exercised at a strike price of $11.50 per share.
MACS was formed for the purpose of entering into a business combination with one or more businesses or entities, and intends to focus on targets located in North America that are focused on fintech and proptech, with a focus on companies whose core purpose is related to the real estate industry. Within those parameters, MACS intends to pursue a business combination with companies that use technology driven platforms and solutions to disrupt or revolutionize the real estate capital markets, transactional marketplaces and investment management industry.
There is no assurance that our SPAC will be successful in raising capital in its IPO or in completing a business combination, or that any business combination will be successful. We intend to investcan lose our entire investment in the SPAC if a business combination is not completed within 24 months of the SPAC's IPO or if the business combination is not successful, which may adversely impact our stockholder value.
To date, we have invested primarily in single tenant, income-producing properties, which are leased to creditworthy tenants under long-term net leases. Although we are not limited as to the form our investments may take, our investments in real estate will generallyprimarily constitute acquiring fee title or interests in entities that own and operate real estate. We will make acquisitions of our real estate investments directly through our Operating Partnership or indirectly through limited liability companies or limited partnerships, including through other REITs, or through investments in joint ventures, partnerships, tenants-in-common, co-tenancies or other co-ownership arrangements with other owners of properties, affiliatesproperties. We also plan to continue to invest in fintech and crowd funding businesses similar to our investments in REITless and BuildingBits.
We consider our Company to be a perpetual-life investment vehicle because we have no finite date for liquidation. While our charter does not require us to list the shares of our advisor,common stock for trading on a national securities exchange or other over-the-counter trading market, we may consider such a listing in the future if we determine it is in the best interest of our stockholders. This perpetual-life structure is aligned with our overall objective of investing in real estate and real estate-related assets with a long-term view towards making regular cash distributions and generating capital appreciation.
We conduct our business substantially through our Operating Partnership, of which we are the sole general partner. Until December 31, 2019, our business was externally managed by Rich Uncles NNN REIT Operator, LLC (our “Advisor”“Former Advisor”) or other persons.Subject to certain restrictions and limitations, our business is externally managed by our, a formerly wholly-owned subsidiary of BrixInvest. Our Former Advisor pursuant to a Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) we entered into effective August 11, 2017 with our Advisor and BrixInvest, LLC (f/k/a Rich Uncles, LLC) (referred to herein as “Brix” or our “Sponsor”). Our Advisor, which is wholly-owned by our Sponsor, managesmanaged our operations and our portfolio of core real estate properties and real estate related assets. Our Advisor also providesestate-related assets and provided asset management and other administrative services onpursuant to our behalf. Oursecond amended and restated advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) with our Former Advisor. BrixInvest also served as the sponsor and advisor for REIT I through December 31, 2019 and for BRIX REIT, Inc. (“BRIX REIT”) through October 28, 2019. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, our Former Advisor iswas paid certain fees through December 31, 2019 as set forth in
Note 910. Commitments and Contingencies to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. On December 31, 2019, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated September 19, 2019 (the “Merger Agreement”), REIT I merged with and into Merger Sub, with Merger Sub surviving as a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of the NotesCompany (the “Merger”). At such time, the separate existence of REIT I ceased. In addition, on December 31, 2019, a self-management transaction was completed, whereby the Company, Modiv OP, BrixInvest and Daisho OP Holdings, LLC, a formerly wholly-owned subsidiary of BrixInvest (“Daisho”), effectuated a Contribution Agreement dated September 19, 2019 (the “Contribution Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of BrixInvest in exchange for 657,949.5 units of Class M limited partnership interest (the “Class M OP Units”) in Modiv OP (the “Self-Management Transaction”). As a result of the completion of the Merger and the Self-Management Transaction, the Company became self-managed. For a more detailed discussion of the Merger and the Self-Management Transaction, please see the Completion of the Merger and the Self-Management Transaction and Amendments to Operating Partnership Agreement sections below.
On February 1, 2021, we effected a 1:3 reverse stock split of our
Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.Class C common stock and Class S common stock and, following the implementation of the reverse stock split, decreased the par value of each share of our Class C common stock and Class S common stock to $0.001 per share from $0.003 per share. We have investor relations personnel, but all expenses are reimbursed by our Sponsor as partreflected the effect of the organizationalreverse stock split in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as if it had occurred at the beginning of the earliest period presented.
Under our charter, we have the authority to issue 450,000,000 shares of stock, consisting of 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, 300,000,000 shares of Class C common stock, $0.001 par value per share, and
offering services they provide to us to manage our organization and offering and provide administrative investor relations services. However, our Sponsor is then entitled to include the reimbursement100,000,000 shares of
such expenses as part of our reimbursement to them of organizational and offering costs, but reimbursement shall not exceed an amount equal to 3% of our initial public offering gross offering proceeds.Class S common stock, $0.001 par value per share. On June 24, 2015, BrixInvest purchased 3,333.3 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of our Sponsor purchased 10,000 shares ofClass C common stock for $100,000 and became theour initial stockholder. Our Sponsor purchased another 10,000 shares of common stock onOn December 31, 2015, BrixInvest purchased another 3,333.3 shares (adjusted for $100,000.
the 1:3 reverse stock split) of our Class C common stock for $100,000 for total holdings of 6,666.7 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock as of December 31, 2015. Upon completing the Self-Management Transaction, BrixInvest’s remaining 3,580 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of our Class C common stock held as of the date of the Self-Management Transaction were canceled.
On July 15, 2015, we filed a registration statement on Form S-11 with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”)SEC to register an initial public offering of a maximum of $900,000,000 in shares of common stock for sale to the public (the “Primary Offering”). We also registered a maximum of $100,000,000 of common stock pursuant to
the Company’sour distribution reinvestment plan (the
“Registered“Initial DRP Offering”
) and, together with the Primary Offering, the
“Registered“Initial Registered Offering”). The SEC declared
the Company’sour registration statement effective on June 1, 2016 and, on July 20, 2016, we began offering shares of common stock to the public.
Pursuant to the Initial Registered Offering, we sold shares of our Class C common stock directly to investors, with a minimum investment of $500. Commencing in August 2017, we began selling shares of Class C common stock
only to U.S. persons
only, as defined under Rule 903 promulgated under the Securities
Act.Act, and began selling shares of Class S common stock as a result of the commencement of the Class S Offering (as defined below) to non-U.S. Persons, as discussed below.
On August 11, 2017, we began offering up to
100,000,00033,333,333 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class S common stock exclusively to non-U.S. Persons as defined under Rule 903 promulgated under the Securities Act, pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, and in accordance with Regulation S of the Securities Act (the “Class S Offering”
) and, together with the Registered
Offering (theOfferings (as defined below), the “Offerings”). The Class S common stock has similar features and rights as the Class C common stock, including with respect to voting and liquidation, except that the Class S common stock offered in the Class S
offeringOffering may be sold only to non-U.S. Persons and may be sold through brokers or other persons who may be paid upfront and deferred selling commissions and fees.
On December 23, 2019, we commenced a follow-on offering pursuant to a new registration statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-231724) (the “Follow-on Offering” and, together with the Initial Registered Offering and the 2021 DRP Offering (as defined below), the “Registered Offerings”), which registered the offer and sale of up to $800,000,000 in share value of Class C common stock, including $725,000,000 in share value of Class C common stock pursuant to the primary portion of the Follow-on Offering and $75,000,000 in share value of Class C common stock pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. In connection with our entry into the Merger Agreement on September 19, 2019, as further described below, our board of directors temporarily suspended our Offerings, as well as our distribution reinvestment plan for the Class C common stock and our dividend reinvestment plan for the Class S common stock (collectively, the “DRPs”) and our share repurchase programs for Class C common stock and Class S common stock (collectively, the “SRPs”). On December 26, 2019, our board of directors approved the reinstatement of the DRPs effective as of December 26, 2019, and the reopening of the Follow-on Offering and the SRPs effective January 18, 2018,2, 2020. Commencing December 26, 2019, participants in the Company’sDRPs had their distributions reinvested in accordance with the terms of the DRPs and repurchase requests submitted on or after January 2, 2020 have been processed in accordance with the terms of the SRPs.
In response to the significant economic impacts of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, effective as of the close of business on May 7, 2020, our board of directors temporarily suspended the primary portion of our Follow-on Offering and Class S Offering until such time as the board of directors approved and established an updated estimated net asset value (“NAV”) per share of our common stock and determined to resume such primary offerings. On May 20, 2020, our board of directors approved and established an updated estimated NAV per share of the Company’sour common stock as of April 30, 2020 of $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) from $30.81 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) as of December 31, 2019 to reflect the valuation of our real estate assets, debt and other assets and liabilities as of April 30, 2020.
Commencing on June 1, 2020, our board of directors resumed the primary portions of the Follow-on Offering and the Class S Offering. The purchase price per share in the Offeringsprimary portion of $10.05. Effective January 19, 2018,the Follow-on Offering was decreased from $30.81 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) to $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split), and the purchase price per share in the primary portion of the Company’s commonClass S Offering was decreased to $21.01 plus the amount of any applicable upfront commissions and fees. The NAV per share used for purposes of future repurchases pursuant to the SRPs was also decreased from $30.81 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock insplit) to $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the Offerings is $10.05, and1:3 reverse stock split).
On January 22, 2021, with the
minimum initial investment in sharesauthorization of our
common stock in the Offerings is $500.Through December 31, 2017,board of directors, we had sold 9,055,175amended and restated our DRP with respect to our shares of Class C common stock in order to reflect our corporate name change and to remove the Registeredability of our stockholders to elect to reinvest only a portion of their cash distributions in shares through the DRP so that investors who elect to participate in the amended and restated DRP must reinvest all cash distributions in shares. In addition, the amended and restated DRP provides for determinations by our board of directors of the NAV per share more frequently than annually. The amended and restated DRP was effective with respect to distributions that were paid in February 2021.
On January 22, 2021, we filed a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-252321) to register a maximum of $100,000,000 of additional shares of Class C common stock to be issued pursuant to the amended and restated DRP (the “2021 DRP Offering” and, collectively with the Initial DRP Offering, the “Registered DRP Offering”). We commenced offering shares of Class C common stock pursuant to the 2021 DRP Offering upon termination of the Follow-on Offering, as discussed below.
Effective January 27, 2021, with the approval of the board of directors, we terminated our Follow-on Offering. In connection with the termination of the Follow-on Offering, we stopped accepting investor subscriptions on January 22, 2021.
On January 27, 2021, our board of directors approved and established an updated NAV per share of our Class C common stock and Class S common stock of $23.03 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) as of December 31, 2020. Additional information on the determination of our updated estimated NAV per share, including 319,150the process used to determine our estimated NAV per share, can be found in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 29, 2021.
Effective January 31, 2021, we and North Capital Private Securities Corporation (“NCPS”) terminated their Dealer Manager Agreement, dated January 2, 2020, pursuant to which NCPS had agreed to act as dealer manager in connection with the Follow-on Offering. Effective January 31, 2021, with the authorization of our board of directors, we entered into a new Dealer Manager Agreement with NCPS pursuant to which NCPS has agreed to act as dealer manager in connection with investments in us by accredited investors.
On February 1, 2021, with the authorization of our board of directors, we amended and restated our Class C common stock share repurchase program (the “Class C SRP”) in order to (i) revise the minimum holding period before a stockholder may participate in the Class C SRP from 90 days to six months, (ii) revise the limitations on the share repurchase price so that shares held for less than two years will be repurchased at 98% of the most recently published NAV per share and shares held for at least two years will be repurchased at 100% of the most recently published NAV per share (as opposed to a repurchase price of 97% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held less than one year, 98% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held for more than one year but less than two years, 99% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held for more than two years but less than three years, and 100% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held for at least three years), (iii) increase the minimum share value (based on the most recently published NAV per share) at which we have the right to repurchase all of a stockholder’s shares, if as a result of a repurchase request a stockholder holds less than the minimum share value, from $500 to $1,000, and (iv) include language that provides that the Class C SRP will automatically terminate if our shares of common stock are listed on any national securities exchange. The minimum holding period before a stockholder may participate in the Class C SRP for shares purchased prior to February 1, 2021 will remain at 90 days.
With the authorization of our board of directors, we also amended and restated our Class S common stock share repurchase program (the “Class S SRP”) on February 1, 2021 in order to (i) allow us to waive the minimum one year holding period before a holder of Class S shares may participate in the Class S SRP in the event of extraordinary circumstances which would place undue hardship on a stockholder, (ii) increase the minimum Class S share value (based on the most recently published NAV per Class S share) at which we have the right to repurchase all of a stockholder’s shares, if as a result of a repurchase request a stockholder holds less than the minimum Class S share value, from $500 to $1,000, and (iii) include language that provides that the Class S SRP will automatically terminate if our shares of common stock are listed on any national securities exchange.
Through December 31, 2020, we had sold 6,627,934 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock in the Offerings, including 790,479 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock sold under the
Registered DRP
Offering,applicable to Class C common stock, for aggregate gross offering proceeds of
$90,551,753,$197,527,817, and
3,03263,711 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class S common stock in the Class S Offering, including
322,056 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class S common stock sold under
the Company’s dividend reinvestment planour DRP applicable to Class S common stock, for aggregate gross offering proceeds of
$30,324.Our Advisor will make recommendations on all proposed real estate investments$1,932,065.
We intend to
our board of directors. All proposed real estate investments must be approved by at least a majority of our board of directors.We electedcontinue to be taxedqualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, beginning with the taxable year ended December 31, 2016.for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If we continue to meet the REIT qualification requirements for taxation as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the income that we distribute to our stockholders each year. If we fail to qualifymaintain our qualification for taxation as a REIT in any year, after electing REIT status, our income will be taxed at regular corporate rates, and we may be precluded from qualifying for treatmenttaxation as a REIT for the four-year periodfour taxable years following our failurethe year during which we failed to qualify. Such an event could materially and adversely affect our net income and cash available for distribution to our stockholders. However,
Completion of the Merger and the Self-Management Transaction
Merger
On September 19, 2019, we, believethe Operating Partnership, REIT I and Merger Sub entered into the Merger Agreement.
Our stockholders approved the Merger contemplated by the Merger Agreement at our Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on December 17, 2019 (the “Annual Meeting”). The shareholders of REIT I approved the Merger contemplated by the Merger Agreement at REIT I’s Special Meeting of Shareholders, also held on December 17, 2019. On December 31, 2019, REIT I merged with and into Merger Sub, with Merger Sub surviving as our direct, wholly-owned subsidiary. At such time, the separate existence of REIT I ceased.
At the effective time of the Merger, each REIT I common share (the “REIT I Common Shares”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the Merger (other than REIT I Common Shares we owned or any REIT I Common Shares wholly owned by our subsidiary) was automatically canceled and retired, and converted into the right to receive one share of Class C common stock, with any fractional REIT I Common Shares converted into a corresponding number of fractional shares of Class C common stock. As a result, the Company issued 2,680,740.5 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of its Class C common stock to shareholders of REIT I on December 31, 2019. Shareholders of REIT I who were enrolled in REIT I’s distribution reinvestment plan were automatically enrolled in our DRP, unless such shareholder withdrew their participation in our DRP.
The Merger is intended to qualify as a “reorganization” under, and within the meaning of, Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”).
Self-Management Transaction
To effect the Self-Management Transaction, on September 19, 2019, we, the Operating Partnership, BrixInvest and Daisho entered into the Contribution Agreement pursuant to which we agreed to acquire substantially all of the assets of BrixInvest in exchange for 657,949.5 Class M OP Units in the Operating Partnership and assume certain liabilities. On December 31, 2019, the Self-Management Transaction was completed.
Prior to the closing of the Self-Management Transaction: (i) substantially all of BrixInvest’s assets and liabilities were contributed to Daisho’s wholly-owned subsidiary, modiv, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“modiv, LLC”); and (ii) BrixInvest spun off Daisho to the BrixInvest members (the “Spin Off”). Pursuant to the Self-Management Transaction, Daisho contributed to the Operating Partnership all of the membership interests in modiv, LLC in exchange for the Class M OP Units. As a result of these transactions and the Self-Management Transaction, BrixInvest, through its subsidiary, Daisho, transferred all of its operating assets, including but not limited to: (i) all personal property used in or necessary for the conduct of BrixInvest’s business; (ii) intellectual property, goodwill, licenses and sublicenses granted and obtained with respect thereto and certain domain names; (iii) all continuing employees; and (iv) certain other assets and liabilities, to modiv, LLC and distributed 100% of the ownership interests in Daisho to the members of BrixInvest in the Spin Off.
BrixInvest had been engaged in the business of serving as the sponsor platform supporting the operations of our Company, REIT I and, prior to October 28, 2019, BRIX REIT, including serving, directly or indirectly, as advisor and property manager to our Company, REIT I and, until October 28, 2019, BRIX REIT.
As a result of the Merger and the Self-Management Transaction, effective December 31, 2019, we, our Former Advisor and BrixInvest, which wholly owned our Former Advisor, mutually agreed to terminate the Advisory Agreement, and the Company became self-managed. Accordingly, disclosures with regard to the Advisory Agreement elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K pertain only to transactions with our Former Advisor through December 31, 2019.
Amendments to Operating Partnership Agreement
On December 31, 2019, we, the Operating Partnership and Rich Uncles NNN LP, LLC (“NNN LP”) entered into the Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership (the “Amended OP Agreement”), which amended the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Operating Partnership dated August 11, 2017. The amendments included, among other things, amending the name of the Operating Partnership from “Rich Uncles NNN Operating Partnership, LP” to “RW Holdings NNN REIT Operating Partnership, LP” and providing the terms of the Class M OP Units issued in the Self-Management Transaction and the terms of the units of Class P limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership (the “Class P OP Units”) described below.
The Class M OP Units are non-voting, non-dividend accruing, and were not able to be transferred or exchanged prior to the one-year anniversary of the completion of the Self-Management Transaction. Following the one-year anniversary of the completion of the Self-Management Transaction, the Class M OP Units are convertible into units of Class C limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership (“Class C OP Units”) at a conversion rate of 1.6667 Class C OP Units (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) for each one Class M OP Unit, subject to a reduction in the conversion ratio (which reduction may vary depending upon the amount of time held) if the exchange occurs prior to the four-year anniversary of the completion of the Self-Management Transaction.
The Class M OP Units are eligible for an increase in the conversion ratio if our Company achieves both of the targets for assets under management (“AUM”) and adjusted funds from operations (“AFFO”) in a given year as set forth below and as adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Hurdles | | |
| AUM | | AFFO Per Share | | Class M |
| ($) | | ($)(1) | | Conversion Ratio (1) |
| Initial Conversion Ratio | | | | | 1:1.6667 |
| Fiscal Year 2021 | $ | 860,000,000 | | | $ | 1.770 | | | 1:1.9167 |
| Fiscal Year 2022 | $ | 1,175,000,000 | | | $ | 1.950 | | | 1:2.5000 |
| Fiscal Year 2023 | $ | 1,551,000,000 | | | $ | 2.100 | | | 1:3.0000 |
(1) Adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split.
The Class P OP Units are intended to be treated as “profits interests” in the Operating Partnership, which are non-voting, non-dividend accruing, and are not able to be transferred or exchanged prior to the earlier of (1) March 31, 2024, (2) a change of control (as defined in the Amended OP Agreement), or (3) the date of the employee’s involuntary termination (as defined in the relevant award agreement for the Class P OP Units) (collectively, the “Lockup Period”). Following the expiration of the Lockup Period, the Class P OP Units are convertible into Class C OP Units at a conversion ratio of 1.6667 Class C OP Units (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) for each one Class P OP Unit; provided, however, that the foregoing conversion ratio shall be subject to increase on generally the same terms and conditions as the Class M OP Units, as set forth above.
Under the Amended OP Agreement, the Class C OP Units will continue to be exchangeable for cash or our shares of Class C common stock on a one for one basis, as determined by our Company.
On February 1, 2021, the Company, the Operating Partnership and the limited partners of the Operating Partnership entered into the Third Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership, which further amended the Amended OP Agreement dated December 31, 2019. The amendments included amending the name of the Operating Partnership from “RW Holdings NNN REIT Operating Partnership, LP” to “Modiv Operating Partnership, LP” and providing the terms of the units of Class R limited partnership interest (the “Class R OP Units”) granted to employees as further described in Note 11 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Registration Rights Agreement
On December 31, 2019, we, the Operating Partnership and Daisho entered into a Registration Rights Agreement pursuant to which Daisho (or any successor holder) has the right, after one year from the date of the Self-Management Transaction, to request that we
are organized and will operateregister for resale under the Securities Act shares of our Class C common stock issued or issuable to such holder in
a manner that will enable us to qualifyexchange for
treatmentthe Class C OP Units as
a REIT for federal income tax purposes and we intend to continue to operate so as to remain qualified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes thereafter.described above.
Investment Objectives and Strategies
We expect to use substantially all of the net proceeds from
the Offeringsour offerings to acquire and manage a
diversified portfolio of real estate
and real estate-related investments. We
intend to invest primarily in single tenant income-producing corporate commercial properties which are leased to creditworthy tenants under long-term net leases. While our focus is on single tenant net leased properties, we plan to diversify our portfolio by geography, investment size,
and investment risk,
tenant and lease term with the goal of acquiring a portfolio of income-producing real estate investments that provides attractive and stable returns to our stockholders. Our investment objectives and policies may be amended or changed at any time by our board of directors. Although we have no plans at this time to change any of our investment objectives, our board of directors may change any and all such investment objectives
including our focus on single tenant properties, if it believes such changes are in the best interests of our stockholders. We intend to notify our stockholders of any change to our investment policies by disclosing such changes in a public filing,
such as a prospectus supplement, or through a filing under the Exchange Act, as appropriate. There can be no assurance that our policies or investment objectives will be attained or that the value of our common stock will not decrease.
Primary Investment Objectives
Our primary investment objectives are:
| · | to provide our stockholders with attractive and stable cash distributions; and |
| · | to preserve and return stockholder capital contribution. |
•to provide our stockholders with attractive and regular cash distributions;
•to preserve and return stockholder capital contributions;
•to realize appreciation in NAV from proactive investment selection and management;
•to provide future opportunities for growth and value creation; and
•to provide an investment alternative for stockholders seeking to allocate a portion of their long-term investment portfolios to commercial real estate with lower volatility than public real estate companies.
We will also seek to realize growth in the value of our investment by
acquiring our target investments at attractive pricing and timing the sale of our properties to maximize asset value.
We may return all or a portion of stockholder capital contributions in connection with the sale of the Company or our properties.While
initial purchases of our properties will be funded with funds received from the
saleproceeds of
shares in the Offerings,our offerings, we anticipate incurring mortgage debt (not to exceed
50%55% of
the total value of all of our properties) against individual properties and/or pools of individual properties and pledging such properties as security for that debt to obtain funds to acquire additional properties.
Commercial Real Estate
We will seek to
primarily acquire a
diversified portfolio
consisting primarily of
single tenant net leased propertiesincome-generating commercial real estate investments throughout the United States diversified by corporate credit, physical geography, product type, and lease duration.
These may include multifamily, retail, office, hotel and industrial assets, as well as others, including, without limitation, healthcare, student housing, senior living, data centers, manufactured housing and storage properties. Although we have no current intention to do so, we may also invest
a portion of the net proceeds in
single tenant net leasedcommercial real estate properties outside the United States. We intend to acquire assets consistent with our
single tenant acquisition philosophy by focusing primarily on
properties: | · | where construction is substantially complete to reduce risks associated with construction of new buildings; |
| · | leased on a “net” basis, where the tenant is responsible for the payment, and fluctuations in costs, of real estate and other taxes, insurance, utilities, and property maintenance; |
| · | located in primary, secondary and certain select tertiary markets; |
properties located in primary, secondary and certain select tertiary markets and leased to tenants, at the time we acquire them, with strong financial statements, including investment grade credit quality, and typically subject to long-term leases with defined rental rate increases. We may also acquire assets that require some amount of capital investment in order to be renovated or repositioned. We generally will limit investment in new developments on a standalone basis, but may consider development that is ancillary to an overall investment. We do not designate specific geography or sector allocations for the portfolio; rather we intend to invest in regions or asset classes where we see the best opportunities that support our investment objectives. To a lesser extent, we may also invest in real estate debt and equity securities and other real estate-related investments to provide current income, portfolio diversification and a source of liquidity for our SRPs, cash management and other purposes. | · | leased to tenants with strong financial statements, including investment grade credit quality, at the time we acquire them; and |
| · | subject to long-term leases with defined rental rate increases. |
Other Non-Listed REITs and Real Estate Products or Managers
We believe there will be opportunities to acquire other non-listed REITs and real estate products or managers given the current fragmented nature of the industry. There are many smaller non-listed REITs that have not been able to raise sufficient capital to grow their investment portfolio and provide liquidity to their stockholders. Given their limited alternatives, some of these non-listed REITs may be receptive to potential acquisitions by us. There are also other non-listed real estate products and managers that face similar challenges and may also be receptive to potential acquisitions by us.
Fintech and Proptech Commercial Real Estate Capital Markets & Investment Management
We will also seek to make real estate-related investments in fintech and proptech sectors that enhance real estate capital markets. Within the fintech and proptech sectors, which have garnered significant investment interest in today’s marketplace, we intend to focus on those companies whose core purpose is related to the commercial real estate industry, particularly companies using technology driven platforms and solutions to disrupt or revolutionize the commercial real estate capital markets as well as investment management firms or companies tied to transactional marketplace processes of the industry. We believe these sectors are attractive for multiple reasons:
Large Addressable Commercial Real Estate Market Opportunity. Professionally managed commercial real estate investment represents a significant segment of the global economy, estimated at $9.6 trillion in 2019. Despite the scale of the industry opportunity, commercial real estate has been slower to accept technological change and innovation than almost any other major asset class. We believe this slow adaptation by the industry leaves significant growth potential for technology-driven companies to disrupt the sector and replace its luddite incumbents.
Accelerating Proptech Market Growth. The total global investment in proptech businesses has grown substantially in the recent past, with approximately $66 billion invested in proptech since 2010, of which approximately $63 billion has been invested since 2015 and approximately $43 billion since 2018. We expect this growth to continue over the years to come, given the increased rates of technology adoption we are seeing in the real estate industry.
Accelerating Pace of Technological Innovation. Real estate technology is penetrating the commercial real estate asset class, driving innovation across capital raising, investment management, transactions, and work processes, while also disrupting the middle-man and external-manager heavy laden businesses that currently dominate the real estate industry. We further believe that the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the real estate industry have accelerated the adoption of technology, which we expect will have lasting, transformational effects on the real estate industry.
Crowd Funding
Within the fintech and proptech sectors, we expect crowd funding platforms to be a potential area of focus given our management team’s experience, expertise and operational skills in the crowd funding industry. We define the crowd funding sector as those U.S.-based companies which use an online platform to raise pools of equity or debt capital directly from investors to acquire or lend against a certain asset or company, whether the asset or company be real estate-related or another alternative asset class.
We will seek to provide our stockholders the following benefits:
| · | a cohesive management team experienced in all aspects of real estate investment with a track record of acquiring single tenant net leased properties; |
| · | stable cash flow backed by a portfolio of single tenant net leased real estate assets; |
| · | minimal exposure to operating and maintenance expense increases via the net lease structure where the tenant assumes responsibility for these costs; |
| · | contractual rental rate increases enabling higher potential distributions and a hedge against inflation; |
| · | insulation from short-term economic cycles resulting from the long-term nature of the tenant leases; |
| · | enhanced stability resulting from strong credit characteristics of most of the tenants; and |
| · | portfolio stability promoted through geographic and product type investment diversification. |
•a cohesive management team experienced in all aspects of real estate investment with a track record of acquiring and managing a diversified portfolio of real estate properties;
•stable cash flow backed by a portfolio of single tenant net leased real estate assets;
•contractual rental rate increases enabling higher potential distributions and a hedge against inflation;
•insulation from short-term economic cycles resulting from the long-term nature of the tenant leases;
•enhanced stability resulting from strong credit characteristics of tenants; and
•portfolio stability promoted through geographic and product type investment diversification.
There can be no assurance that any of the properties we acquire will result in the benefits discussed above. See Part I,Item 1A,1A. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Investments in Single Tenant Real Estate.
General Acquisition and Investment Policies
We
will seek to make investments that satisfy the primary investment objective of providing regular cash distributions to our stockholders.
However,In addition, because a significant factor in the valuation of income-producing real property is its potential for future appreciation, we anticipate that some properties we acquire may have the potential both for
growthappreciation in value and for providing regular cash distributions to our stockholders.
Although this is our current focus, we may make adjustments to our target portfolio based on real estate market conditions and investment opportunities. We will not
forego a goodforgo an investment
opportunity because it does not precisely fit our expected portfolio composition. We believe that we are most likely to meet our investment objectives through the careful selection of assets. When making an acquisition, we will emphasize the performance and risk characteristics of that investment, how that investment will fit with our portfolio-level performance objectives, the other assets in our portfolio and how the returns and risks of that investment compare to the returns and risks of available investment alternatives. Thus,
to the extent that our Advisor presents us with what we believe to be good investment opportunities that allow us to meet the REIT requirements under the Internal Revenue Code, our portfolio composition may vary from what we initially expect.
However, weWe will attempt to construct a portfolio that produces stable and attractive returns by spreading risk across different real estate investments.
Our
Advisormanagement has substantial discretion with respect to the selection of specific properties. However, acquisition parameters
will behave been established by our board of directors.
We and our AdvisorIn selecting a potential property for acquisition, we consider a number of factors,
in the selection, including, but not limited to, the following:
| · | tenant creditworthiness; |
| · | lease terms, including length of lease term, scope of landlord responsibilities if any under the net lease context, and frequency of contractual rental increases; |
| · | projected demand in the area; |
| · | a property’s geographic location and type; |
| · | proposed purchase price, terms and conditions; |
| · | historical financial performance; |
| · | a property’s physical location, visibility, curb appeal and access; |
| · | construction quality and condition; |
| · | potential for capital appreciation; |
| · | demographics of the area, neighborhood growth patterns, economic conditions, and local market conditions; |
| · | potential capital reserves required to maintain the property; |
| · | the potential for the construction of new properties in the area; |
•tenant creditworthiness; | · | evaluation of title and obtaining of satisfactory title insurance; |
| · | evaluation of any reasonable ascertainable risks such as environmental contamination; and |
| · | replacement use of the property in the event of loss of existing tenant (no special use properties). |
•lease terms, including length of lease term, scope of landlord responsibilities, if any, and frequency of contractual rental increases;
•projected demand in the area;
•a property’s geographic location and type;
•proposed purchase price, terms and conditions;
•historical financial performance;
•a property’s physical location, visibility, curb appeal and access;
•construction quality and condition;
•potential for capital appreciation;
•demographics of the area, neighborhood growth patterns, economic conditions, and local market conditions;
•potential capital reserves required to maintain the property;
•potential for the construction of new properties in the area;
•evaluation of title and ability to obtain satisfactory title insurance;
•evaluation of any reasonable ascertainable risks such as environmental contamination; and
•replacement use of the property in the event of loss of existing tenant (limited special use properties).
There is no limitation on the number, size or type of properties that we may acquire or on the percentage of net offering proceeds that may be invested in any particular property type or single property. The number and mix of properties will depend upon real estate market conditions and other circumstances existing at the time of acquisition and the amount of proceeds from
the Offerings.our offerings.
Creditworthiness of Tenants
In the course of making a real estate investment decision, we assess the creditworthiness of the tenant
whichthat leases the property we intend to purchase. Tenant creditworthiness is an important investment criterion, as it provides a barometer of relative risk of tenant
default. Tenantdefault, but tenant creditworthiness analysis is just one element of due diligence which we perform when considering a property
purchase;purchase, and the weight we intend to ascribe to tenant creditworthiness is a function of the results of other elements of due diligence.
Some of the properties we intend to acquire will be leased to public companies. Many public companies have their creditworthiness analyzed by bond rating firms such as Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s. These firms issue credit rating reports, which segregate public companies into what are commonly called “investment grade” companies and “non-investment grade” companies. We expect that our portfolio of properties will contain a mix of properties that are leased to investment grade public companies, non-investment grade public companies, and non-public companies (or individuals).
The creditworthiness of investment grade public companies is generally regarded as very high. As to prospective property acquisitions leased to other than investment grade tenants, we intend to analyze publicly available information and/or information regarding tenant creditworthiness provided by the sellers of such properties and then make a determination in each instance as to whether we believe the subject tenant has the financial fortitude to honor its lease obligations.
We do not intend to systematically analyze tenant creditworthiness on an ongoing basis, post-acquisition. Many leases will limit our ability as landlord to demand on recurring bases non-public tenant financial information. It
will beis our policy and practice, however, to monitor public announcements regarding our tenants, as applicable, and tenant payment histories.
We
expect, in most instances, to acquirehave historically acquired single tenant properties with existing net leases. “Net” leases
means leases that typically require tenants to pay all or a majority of the operating expenses, including real estate taxes, special assessments and sales and use taxes, utilities, insurance, common area maintenance charges, and building repairs related to the property, in addition to the lease payments. There are various forms of net leases, typically classified as triple-net or double-net. Under most commercial leases, tenants are obligated to pay a predetermined annual base rent. Most of the leases also will contain provisions that increase the amount of base rent payable at points during the lease term. Triple-net leases typically require the tenant to pay common area maintenance, insurance, and taxes associated with a property in addition to the base rent and percentage rent, if any. Double-net leases typically require the landlord to be responsible for structural and capital elements of the leased property. We anticipate that most of our acquisitions will have remaining lease terms of five to 15 years at the time of the property
acquisition. Weacquisition, and we may acquire properties under which the lease term has partially expired. We also may acquire properties with shorter lease terms if the property is located in a desirable location, is difficult to replace, or has other significant favorable real estate attributes. Generally, the leases require each tenant to procure, at its own expense, commercial general liability insurance, as well as property insurance covering the building for the full replacement value and naming the ownership entity and the lender, if applicable, as the additional insured on the policy. We may elect to obtain, to the extent commercially available, contingent liability and property insurance, flood insurance, environmental contamination insurance, as well as loss of rent insurance that covers one or more years of annual rent in the event of a rental loss. However, the coverage and amounts of our insurance policies may not be sufficient to cover our entire risk.
Tenants are required to provide proof of insurance by furnishing a certificate of insurance to us on an annual basis. We will track and review the insurance certificates for compliance.
Our Borrowing Strategy and Policies
We may incur
our indebtedness in the form of bank borrowings, purchase money obligations to the sellers of properties, and publicly or privately placed debt instruments or financing from institutional investors or other lenders. We may obtain a credit facility or separate loans for each acquisition. Our indebtedness may be unsecured or may be secured by mortgages or other interests in our properties. We may use borrowing proceeds to finance acquisitions of new properties, to pay for capital improvements, repairs or
buildouts,build-outs, to refinance existing indebtedness, to fund repurchases of our shares or to provide working capital. To the extent we borrow on a short-term basis, we may refinance such short-term debt into long-term, amortizing mortgages once a critical mass of properties has been acquired and to the extent such debt is available at terms that are
more favorable
tothan the
then in-placeexisting debt.
Tenants will be required to provide proof of insurance by furnishing a certificate of insurance to our Advisor on an annual basis. The insurance certificates will be tracked and reviewed for compliance.
There is no limitation on the amount we canmay borrow for the purchase of any individual property.single asset. Our aggregate borrowings, secured and unsecured, must be reasonable in relation to our net assets, and we intend to utilize up to 50% leverage in connection with our acquisition strategy.tangible assets. Our charter limits our borrowingthe amount we may borrow to 50%300% of our net assets, (equivalent to 50% of the cost of our assets) unless any excess borrowing is approved by a majority of our conflicts committeeindependent directors and disclosed to our stockholders in our next quarterly report, along with a justification for such increase; however, historically we have limited borrowings to 50% of the value of our tangible assets unless any excess borrowing is approved by a majority of our independent directors and is disclosed to our stockholders in our next quarterly report, along with the justification for such excess. On March 27, 2020, our independent directors approved an increase in our maximum leverage from 50% to 55% in order to allow us to take advantage of the current low interest rate environment, the relative cost of debt and equity capital, and strategic borrowing advantages potentially available to us. Our borrowings on one or more individual properties may exceed 55% of their individual cost, so long as our overall leverage does not exceed 55% of the aggregate value of our tangible assets. We may exceed this limit only if any excess borrowing is approved by a majority of our independent directors and is disclosed to our stockholders in our next quarterly report, along with the justification for such excess. When calculating our use of leverage, we will not include temporary, unsecured borrowing for property acquisitionsborrowings relating to the initial acquisition of properties and that are outstanding under a revolving credit facility (or similar agreement).
We may borrow amounts from our Advisor or its affiliates only if such loan is approved by a majority of our directors, including a majority of our conflicts committee, not otherwise interested in the transaction, as fair, competitive, commercially reasonable and no less favorable to us than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties under the circumstances.
Except as set forth in our charter,
regarding debt limits, we may re-evaluate and change our debt strategy and policies in the future without a stockholder vote. Factors that we could consider when re-evaluating or changing our debt strategy and policies include then-current economic and market conditions, the relative cost of debt and equity capital, any acquisition opportunities, the ability of our properties to generate sufficient cash flow to cover debt service requirements and other similar factors. Further, we may increase or decrease our ratio of debt to equity in connection with any change of our borrowing policies.
Although we are not limited as to the form our investments may take, our investments in real estate will generally constitute acquiring fee title
in real property or interests in entities that own and operate real estate.
Our investments in crowd funding companies or platforms and other non-listed real estate and real estate-related companies will generally involve acquiring the assets of, or a controlling interest (whether by the way of share purchase, merger, partnership, joint venture or otherwise) in such entities. We may also purchase real estate-related debt and equity securities.
We will generally make acquisitions of our real estate investments directly through our Operating Partnership or indirectly through limited liability companies or limited partnerships, or through investments in joint ventures, partnerships, tenants-in-common, co-tenancies or other co-ownership arrangements with other owners of properties, affiliates of our Advisor or other persons.properties. See Part I,Item 1A. Risk Factors —– General Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate. Real Property Investments
Our Advisor
We will be continually evaluatingevaluate various potential property investments and engagingengage in discussions and negotiations with sellers regarding theour purchase of properties for us and other programs sponsored by our Sponsor.properties. We expect to possess what we believe will behave adequate insurance coverage for all properties in which we invest. Most of our leases will require that our tenants procure insurance for both commercial general liability and property damage. In such instances, the policy will list us an additional insured. However, lease terms may provide that tenants are not required to, and we may decide not to, obtain any or adequate earthquake or similar catastrophic insurance coverage because the premiums are too high, even in instances where it may otherwise be available.See Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors – General Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate. Conditions to Closing Acquisitions
Our Advisor performs
We perform a diligence review on each property that we purchase. As part of this review,
our Advisor in most, if not all cases, obtainswe typically obtain an environmental site assessment for each proposed acquisition (which at a minimum includes a Phase I environmental assessment). We will not close the purchase of any property unless we are generally satisfied with the environmental status of the property. We will also generally seek to condition our obligation to close the purchase of any investment on the delivery of certain documents from the seller. Such documents include, where available and appropriate:
| · | property surveys and site audits; |
| · | building plans and specifications, if available; |
| · | soil reports, seismic studies, flood zone studies, if available; |
| · | licenses, permits, maps and governmental approvals; |
| · | tenant leases and estoppel certificates; |
| · | tenant financial statements and information, as permitted; |
| · | historical financial statements and tax statement summaries of the properties; |
| · | proof of marketable title, subject to such liens and encumbrances as are acceptable to us; and |
| · | liability and title insurance policies. |
•property surveys and site audits;
•building plans and specifications, if available;
•soil reports, seismic studies and flood zone studies, if available;
•licenses, permits, maps and governmental approvals;
•tenant leases and estoppel certificates;
•tenant financial statements and information, as permitted;
•historical financial statements and tax statement summaries of the properties;
•proof of marketable title, subject to such liens and encumbrances as are acceptable to us; and
•liability and title insurance policies.
We may acquire some of our properties in the form of a co-ownership, including but not limited to tenants-in-common and joint ventures, some of which may be
entered into with
affiliates of our Advisor.affiliates. Among other reasons, we may want to acquire properties through a co-ownership structure with third parties or affiliates in order to diversify our portfolio of properties in terms of geographic region or property type. Co-ownership structures may also allow us to acquire an interest in a property without requiring that we fund the entire purchase price. In addition, certain properties may be available to us only through co-ownership structures. In determining whether to recommend a particular co-ownership structure, our
Advisormanagement will evaluate the subject real property under the same criteria described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
We may enter into joint ventures with affiliates
of our Advisor for the acquisition of properties, but only provided that:
| · | a majority of our directors, including a majority of our conflicts committee, not otherwise interested in the transaction, approve the transaction as being fair and reasonable to us; and |
| · | the investments by us and such affiliate are on substantially the same terms and conditions. |
•a majority of our directors, including a majority of our independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction, approve the transaction as being fair and reasonable to us; and
•the investments by us and such affiliate are on substantially the same terms and conditions.
To the extent possible and if approved by our board of directors, including a majority of our conflicts committee,independent directors, we will attempt to obtain a right of first refusal or option to buy the property held by the co-ownership structure and allow such co-owners to exchange their interest for our Operating Partnership’s units or to sell their interest to us in its entirety. Entering into joint ventures with affiliates of our Advisor will result in certain conflicts of interest. See
Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest. Real Estate Properties and Investments
As of December 31, 2017,2020, we owned eighteen (18)36 operating properties, four properties held for sale, a 72.7% tenant-in-common interest in a Santa Clara, California office property (the “TIC Interest”) and one parcel of land, which currently serves as an easement to one of our office properties. For more information about our real estate investments, see Part I, Item 2. Propertiesof this Annual Report on Form 10-K.Other Real Estate-related Investments
As
Investment Highlights
Due the significant economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, primarily significant other demands upon our cash flow including requests for repurchases of stock, as well as tempered demand for commercial real estate property leases during 2020 brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, we did not acquire any operating properties during the year ended December 31, 2017, we owned one (1) tenant-in-common2020.
Real Estate Property Dispositions
We generally intend to hold real estate investmentproperties we acquire for an extended period, generally in which we have an approximate 72.7% interest and one (1)excess of 10 years. Regardless of intended holding periods, circumstances might arise that could cause us to determine to sell a real estate investmentproperty before the end of the expected holding period if we believe the sale of the real estate property would be in Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I, an affiliatedthe best interests of our stockholders.
The determination of whether a particular real estate property should be sold or otherwise disposed of will generally be made after consideration of relevant factors, including prevailing and projected economic conditions, rent rolls and tenant creditworthiness, whether we could apply the proceeds from the sale of the real estate property to acquire other assets, whether disposition of the real estate property would increase cash flows, and whether the sale of the real estate property would be a prohibited transaction under the Internal Revenue Code or otherwise impact our status as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, our primary sources of cash for share repurchase requests from our stockholders, namely cash flow from our operations, net proceeds that result from financing or refinancing our properties and, in
whichlimited circumstances, proceeds from our offerings were negatively impacted. To augment these sources of cash for distributions to stockholders and to service our debts, we
have an approximate 4.4% interest.2017 Investment Highlights
On March 7, 2017, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired an office property (“Northrop”) leased to Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation, totaling approximately 106,613 square feet located in Melbourne, Florida. The aggregate purchase pricesold five real estate properties for Northrop was $13,724,190, includinggross proceeds of $31,096,403 and net proceeds of $13,530,968 after commissions, closing costs. This property is financed by a mortgage notecosts and repayments of $5,945,655 with an annual interest rate of 4.40% and matures on March 2, 2021.
On March 27, 2017, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired an office property (“exp US Services”) leased to exp US Services, Inc., totaling approximately 33,118 square feet located in Maitland, Florida. The aggregate purchase price for exp US Services was $6,924,854, including closing costs. This property is financed by a mortgage note of $3,505,061 with an initial annual interest rate of 4.25% and 3.25% plus T-Bill Index starting November 11, 2022 and matures on November 17, 2024.
On April 13, 2017, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired a retail property (“Harley”) leased to Calculated Risk Bedford, LP dba Texas Harley-Davidson, totaling approximately 70,960 square feet located in Bedford, Texas. The aggregate purchase price for Harley was $13,178,288, including closing costs. This property is financed by a mortgage note of $6,983,418 with an annual interest rate of 4.25% and matures on September 1, 2024.
On June 22, 2017, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired an office property (“Wyndham”) leased to Wyndham Vacation Ownership, Inc., totaling approximately 41,300 square feet located in Summerlin, Nevada. The aggregate purchase price for Wyndham was $10,116,502, including closing costs. This property is financed by a mortgage note of $5,920,800 with an annual interest rate of one-month LIBOR plus 2.05% matures on June 5, 2027.
On June 22, 2017, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired an office property (“Williams Sonoma”) leased to Williams-Sonoma, Inc., totaling approximately 35,867 square feet located in Summerlin, Nevada. The aggregate purchase price for Williams Sonoma was $7,231,767, including closing costs. This property is financed by a mortgage note of $4,699,200 with an annual interest rate of one-month LIBOR plus 2.05% and matures on June 5, 2022.
On July 20, 2017, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired an industrial property (“Omnicare”) leased to Williamson Drug Company, Incorporated, totaling approximately 51,800 square feet located in Richmond, Virginia. The aggregate purchase price for Omnicare was $7,324,370, including closing costs. This property is financed by a mortgage note of $4,423,574 with an annual interest rate of 4.36% and matures on May 1, 2026.
On August 29, 2017, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired an office property (“EMCOR”) leased to EMCOR Facilities Services, Inc. (f/k/a Viox Services, Inc.), totaling approximately 39,385 square feet located in Cincinnati, Ohio. The aggregate purchase price for EMCOR was $6,138,537, including closing costs. This property is financed by a mortgage note of $2,955,000 with an annual interest rate of 4.35% and matures on December 1, 2024.
On September 28, 2017, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired an approximate 72.7% tenant-in-common interestthe related mortgages, resulting in a property consistingnet gain of three industrial and office buildings (“Santa Clara”) leased to Fujifilm Dimatix, Inc., totaling approximately 91,740 square feet located in Santa Clara, California. The aggregate purchase price for Santa Clara was $28,701,845, including closing costs. This property is financed by a mortgage note of $14,500,000 with an annual interest rate of 3.86% and matures on October 1, 2027.
On November 30, 2017, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired an industrial property (“Husqvarna”) leased to Husqvarna Professional Products, Inc., totaling approximately 64,600 square feet located in Charlotte, North Carolina. The aggregate purchase price for Husqvarna was $12,003,048, including closing costs. This property is financed by a mortgage note of $6,380,000 with an annual interest rate of 4.60% and matures on March 31, 2028.
On December 28, 2017, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired an industrial property (“AvAir”) leased to AvAir, Inc., totaling approximately 162,714 square feet located in Chandler, Arizona. The aggregate purchase price for AvAir was $27,353,125, including closing costs. This property is financed by a mortgage note of $12,000,000 with an annual interest rate of 8.25% and matures on January 1, 2019. This note was prepaid in March 2018. On March 28, 2018, we obtained a $14,575,000 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by$4,139,749 during the AvAir property. The mortgage loan has a fixed interest rate of 4.84% for the first five years and matures on March 27, 2028.
Subsequent Acquisitions sinceyear ended December 31, 2017
On March 29, 2018, we, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired an industrial building (“3M”) leased to 3M, totaling approximately 410,400 square feet, located in DeKalb, Illinois. The seller is not affiliated with us or the Advisor. The purchase price for 3M was $15,200,000, excluding acquisition fees and closing costs of approximately $531,000. On March 29, 2018, we obtained a $8,360,000 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the 3M property. The mortgage loan has a variable interest rate of one-month LIBOR plus 2.25% and matures on March 28, 2023. We have entered into an interest rate swap agreement to fix the interest on this mortgage.
Economic Dependency
We are dependent on our Advisor for certain services that are essential to us, including the identification, evaluation, negotiation, acquisition or origination and disposition of investments; management of the daily operations and leasing of our portfolio; and other general and administrative responsibilities. In the event that our Advisor is unable to provide these services, we will be required to obtain such services from other sources.
2020.
Competitive Market Factors
The U.S. commercial real estate investment and leasing markets
remainare competitive. We face competition from various entities for investment opportunities for prospective tenants and to retain our current tenants, including other REITs, pension funds, insurance companies,
private equity and other investment funds and companies, partnerships and developers. Many of these entities have substantially greater financial resources than we do and may be able to accept more risk than we can prudently manage, including risks with respect to the creditworthiness of a tenant or the geographic location of their investments. Competition from these entities may reduce the number of suitable investment opportunities offered to us or increase the bargaining power of property owners seeking to sell. Further, as a result of their greater resources, those entities may have more flexibility than we do in their ability to offer rental concessions to attract and retain tenants. This could put pressure on our ability to maintain or raise rents and could adversely affect our ability to attract or retain tenants. As a result, our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, ability to satisfy our debt service obligations and ability to pay distributions to our stockholders may be adversely affected.
Although we believe that we are well-positioned to compete effectively, there is
enormoussignificant competition in our market sector and there can be no assurance that we will compete effectively or that we will not encounter increased competition in the future that could limit our ability to conduct our business effectively.
Compliance with Federal, State and Local Environmental Law
Our business
will beis subject to many laws and governmental regulations. Changes in these laws and regulations, or their interpretation by agencies and courts, occur frequently.
Americans with Disabilities Act
Under
Our properties are subject to regulation under federal laws, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, or ADA,as amended (“ADA”), pursuant to which all public accommodations and commercial facilities are required tomust meet certain federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. TheseAlthough we believe that our properties substantially comply with present requirements became effectiveof the ADA, we have not conducted an audit or investigation of all of our properties to determine our compliance. If one or more of our properties or future properties are not in 1992. Complyingcompliance with the ADA, requirements couldwe might be required to take remedial action, which would require us to remove access barriers.incur additional costs to bring the property into compliance. Failing to comply could result in the imposition of fines by the federal government or an award of damages to private litigants. Although we intend to acquire properties that substantially comply with these requirements, we may incur additional costs to comply with the ADA. In addition, a number of additional federal, state and local laws may require us to modify anyor restrict our ability to renovate our properties or properties we purchase, or may restrict further renovations thereof, with respect to access by disabled persons.purchase. Additional legislation could impose financial obligations or restrictions with respect to access by disabled persons. Although we believe that these costs will not have a material adverse effect on us, if required changes involve a greater amount of expenditures than we currently anticipate, our ability to make expected distributions could be adversely affected. SeePart I,Item 1A. Risk Factors — General Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate.
All real property and the operations conducted on real property are subject to federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations relating to environmental protection and human health and safety. These laws and regulations generally govern wastewater discharges, air emissions, the operation and removal of underground and above-ground storage tanks, the use, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of solid and hazardous materials, the presence and release of hazardous substances and the remediation of any associated contamination.
Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be held liable for the costs of removing or remediating hazardous or toxic substances. These laws often impose clean-up responsibility and liability without regard to whether the owner or operator was responsible for, or even knew of, the presence of the hazardous or toxic substances. The costs of investigating, removing or remediating these substances may be substantial, and the presence of these substances may adversely affect our ability to rent properties or sell the propertyproperties or to borrow using the property as collateral and may expose us to liability resulting from any release of or exposure to these substances. If we arrange for the disposal or treatment of hazardous or toxic substances at another location, we may be liable for the costs of removing or remediating these substances at the disposal or treatment facility, whether or not the facility is owned or operated by us.
We may be subject to common law claims by third parties based on damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination emanating from a site that we own or operate. Certain environmental laws also impose liability in connection with the handling of or exposure to asbestos-containing materials, pursuant to which third parties may seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury associated with asbestos-containing materials and other hazardous or toxic substances. We maintain a pollution insurance policy for all of our properties to insure against the potential liability of remediation and exposure risk. SeePart I, Item 1A. Risk Factors — General Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate.
The properties we acquire
likely will be subject to various federal, state and local regulatory requirements, such as zoning and state and local fire and life safety requirements. Failure to comply with these requirements could result in the imposition of fines by governmental authorities or awards of damages to private litigants. We intend to acquire properties that are in material compliance with all such regulatory requirements. However, we cannot assure
youinvestors that these requirements will not
be changedchange or that new requirements will not be imposed which would require significant unanticipated expenditures
by us and could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Our current business consists of owning, managing, operating, leasing, acquiring, investing in and disposing of commercial real estate assets. All of our consolidated revenues are derived from our consolidated real estate properties. We internally evaluate operating performance on an individual property level and view all of our real estate assets as one industry segment, and, accordingly, all of our properties are aggregated into one reportable segment.
Financial Information About Geographic Areas
See Note 4
As of December 31,
2017,2020, we had
14 full time paid employees which perform administrative investor services, but all expenses related to such personnel are reimbursed to us by our Sponsor as part of the organizational19 total and
offering services they provide in managing our organization and the Offerings. However, our Sponsor is then entitled to include the reimbursement of such expenses as part of our reimbursement to them of organizational and offering costs, but reimbursement shall not exceed an amount equal to 3% of gross offering proceeds.With respect to our other functions, the employees of our Advisor or its affiliates provide all of our management, acquisition, disposition, Advisory and other administrative services for us.
Principal Executive Office
Offices
Our principal executive offices are located at 3090 Bristol Street, Suite 550, Costa Mesa,120 Newport Center Drive, Newport Beach, California 92626.92660. Our telephone number and website address are (855) 742-4862(888) 686-6348 and http://www.richuncles.comwww.Modiv.com, respectively. Access to copies of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Proxy Statements and other filings with the SEC, including amendments to such filings, may be obtained free of charge from the following website,http://www.richuncles.comwww.Modiv.com, and/or through a link to the SEC’s website,http://www.sec.gov. These filings are available promptly after we file them with, or furnish them to, the SEC.
The following
ITEM1A. RISK FACTORS
Risk Factor Summary
Our business, financial condition and results of operations are
somesubject to numerous risks and uncertainties. Below is a summary of the principal factors that make an investment in our common stock speculative or risky. This summary does not address all of the risks
and uncertainties that
could cause our actual results to differ materially from those presented in our forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face
but do represent those risks and
uncertainties that we believe are material to us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also harm our business.should be read in conjunction with the full risk factors contained below in this “Risk
Factors” section in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Risks Related to the Limited Operating History of our Business
As a recently established business, investing in our common stock involves risks that are not present in other companies, including other real estate investment trusts, that have a more established investment portfolio and longer operating history. These risk factors include the following.
•We have only a limited prior operating history or establishedand limited sources of financing, sources, and the prior performance of real estate investment programs sponsored by affiliates of our Former Sponsor or its affiliates may not be an indication of our future results. •Because our stockholders will not have the opportunity to evaluate the investments we may make before we make them, we are considered to be a blind pool. We may make investments with which our stockholders do not agree.
•Failure to continue to qualify as a REIT would reduce our net earnings available for investment or distribution.
Risks Related to an Investment in Our Common Stock
•We may be unable to pay or maintain cash distributions or increase distributions over time.
•We face significant competition for real estate investment opportunities, which may limit our ability to acquire suitable investments and achieve our investment objectives or pay distributions.
•If we fail to diversify our investment portfolio, downturns relating to certain geographic regions, industries or business sectors may have a more significant adverse impact on our assets and our ability to pay distributions than if we had a diversified investment portfolio.
•The loss of or the inability to retain or obtain key real estate professionals could delay or hinder implementation of our investment strategies, which could limit our ability to make distributions and decrease the value of an investment in our shares.
•The estimated NAV per share of our common stock may not reflect the value that stockholders will receive for their investment.
Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest
•Our officers, directors and our real estate, debt finance, management and accounting professionals face competing demands on their time, and this may cause our operations and stockholders’ investment in us to suffer.
Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure
•Our charter limits the number of shares a person may own and permits our board of directors to authorize the issuance of stock with terms that may subordinate the rights of our common stockholders or discourage a third party from acquiring us in a manner that could result in a premium price to stockholders.
•Our stockholders may not be able to immediately sell their shares of common stock under our share repurchase program.
•Our investors’ interest in us will be diluted if we issue additional shares, which could reduce the overall value of their investment.
General Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate
•Pandemics or other health crises, such as the recent outbreak of COVID-19, may adversely affect our business and/or operations, our tenants’ financial condition and the profitability of our retail properties.
•Economic, market and regulatory changes that impact the real estate market generally may decrease the value of our investments and weaken our operating results.
•We depend on tenants for our revenue generated by our real estate investments and, accordingly, our revenue generated by our real estate investments and our ability to make distributions to stockholders are dependent upon the success and economic viability of our tenants and our ability to retain and attract tenants. Non-renewals, terminations or lease defaults could reduce our net income and limit our ability to make distributions to stockholders.
Risks Related to Investments in Single Tenant Real Estate
•Our current properties will depend upon a single tenant for their rental income, and our financial condition and ability to make distributions may be adversely affected by the bankruptcy or insolvency, a downturn in the business, or a tenant’s lease termination.
•If a tenant declares bankruptcy, we may be unable to collect balances due under relevant leases.
Risks Associated with Debt Financing
•We obtain lines of credit, mortgage indebtedness and other borrowings, which increases our risk of loss due to potential foreclosure.
•Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to pay distributions to stockholders.
•Subject to certain restrictions in our charter, we have broad authority to incur debt, and debt levels could hinder our ability to make distributions and decrease the value of stockholders’ investment in us.
Federal Income Tax Risks
•Failure to qualify as a REIT would subject us to U.S. federal income tax, which would reduce the cash available for distribution to stockholders.
•REIT distribution requirements could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan.
•To maintain our REIT status, we may be forced to forgo otherwise attractive business or investment opportunities, which may delay or hinder our ability to meet our investment objectives and reduce stockholders’ overall return.
•Distributions payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates available to individuals under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.
Risks Related to the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Our Business
•Measures intended to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have disrupted our ability to operate our business.
•The current COVID-19 pandemic, and any future outbreak of other highly infectious or contagious diseases, could materially and adversely impact or disrupt our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and performance.
Risks Related to Our Sponsorship of a SPAC
•Our SPAC may not be successful in completing an IPO of its shares.
•If our SPAC successfully completes its IPO, it may not be successful in completing a business combination within 24 months, or it may complete a business combination that is not successful, and we could lose all of our investment in the SPAC.
Risks Related to the Limited Operating History of our Business
We have only a limited operating history and our stockholders should not rely uponlimited sources of financing, and the pastprior performance of other real estate investment programs sponsored by our Former Sponsor or its affiliates may not be an indication of our Sponsor to predict our future results.
We were incorporated in the State of Maryland on May
14, 2015 and commenced our Registered Offering in July 2016.15, 2015. As of December 31,
2017,2020, we
had onlyhave only: (i) 36 operating properties (14 of the operating properties were part of the 20 operating properties acquired
eighteen (18) properties,through the Merger with REIT I on December 31, 2019); (ii) one
(1)parcel of land, which currently serves as an easement to one of our office properties; and (iii) one tenant-in-common real estate investment (an approximate 72.7% interest in a 91,740 square foot
officeindustrial property located in Santa Clara, California)
, and one (1) real estate investment in an affiliated REIT (an approximate 4.4% interest in Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I, which owns the properties described below inItem 2. Properties). As of December 31,
2017,2020, based on historical costs, we held
approximately $149.8 million$339,459,007 in real estate investments,
based on a cost basis.net of accumulated depreciation and amortization, and $24,585,739 in real estate investments held for sale. The prior performance of
our real estate investment programs
sponsored by affiliates of our Sponsor may not be indicative of our future results.
We plan to invest in a diversified portfolio of real estate and real estate-related investments. We also plan to seek to acquire other crowd funding companies or platforms and other non-listed real estate and real estate-related companies or portfolios.
Investors should consider our prospects in light of the risks, uncertainties and difficulties frequently encountered by companies that are, like us, in their early stage of operations. To be successful in this market, we must, among other things:
| · | identify and acquire investments that further our investment objectives; |
| · | increase awareness of the “RW Holdings NNN REIT” and “Rich Uncles NNN REIT” brand names within the investment products market; |
| · | attract, integrate, motivate and retain qualified personnel to manage our day-to-day operations; |
| · | respond to competition for our targeted real estate properties and other investments as well as for potential investors; and |
| · | continue to build and expand our operational structure to support our business. |
•identify and acquire investments that further our investment objectives;
•increase awareness of the brand within the investment products market;
•attract, integrate, motivate and retain qualified personnel to manage our day-to-day operations;
•respond to competition for our targeted real estate properties and other investments as well as for potential investors; and
•continue to build and expand our operational structure to support our business.
We cannot guarantee that we will succeed in achieving these goals, and our failure to do so could cause our
stockholdersinvestors to lose money.
The Offerings are made on a “best efforts” basis. If we are unable to raise substantial funds, in our Offerings, we will be limited in the number and type of investments we may make, and the value of our stockholder’sstockholders' investment will fluctuate with the performance of the specific properties we acquire. As of December 31, 2017, we had raised approximately $90.8 million in the Registered Offering and approximately $30,000 in the Class S Offering.
The Offerings are being made on a “best efforts” basis, meaning that we are only required to use our best efforts to sell our Class C and Class S shares and have no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the Class C or Class S shares. As a result, the amount of proceeds we raise in the Offerings may be substantially less than the amount we would need to achieve a broadly diversified property portfolio.
If we are unable to raise substantial funds, we will make fewer investments, resulting in less diversification in terms of the number of investments owned, the types of investments that we make, and the geographic regions in which our investments are located. In such event, the likelihood of our profitability being affected by the performance of any one of our investments will increase. Additionally, we are not limited in the number or size of investments or the percentage of net proceeds we may dedicate to a single investment.
An investmentStockholders' investments in
our Class C or Class S sharesthe Company will be subject to greater risk to the extent that we lack a diversified portfolio of investments. Further, we will have certain relatively fixed third party expenses such as legal, tax and audit, regardless of whether we are able to raise substantial
funds in the Offerings.funds. Our inability to raise substantial funds could increase our fixed
third partythird-party expenses as a percentage of gross income, potentially reducing our net income and cash flow and potentially limiting our ability to make distributions.
Because our stockholders will not have the opportunity to evaluate the investments we may make before we make them, we are considered to be a blind pool. We may make investments with which our stockholders do not agree.
As of December 31, 2017, we had acquired eighteen (18) properties, an approximate 72.7% tenant-in-common interest in a 91,740 square foot office property located in Santa Clara, California (the “TIC”), and an approximate 4.4% interest in Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I, an affiliated REIT that owns the properties described below inItem 2. Properties. We have only identified a limited amount of other real estate investments that are reasonably probable of being acquired or originated with the proceeds from the Offerings. As a result, other
Other than our current properties and real estate investment, we are not able to provide
our stockholders with any information to assist them in evaluating the merits of any specific assets that we may acquire. We will seek to invest substantially all of the
net proceeds from the Offerings,funds we raise, after the payment of fees and expenses, in
a diversified portfolio of real estate
and real estate-related investments. Our board of directors and
the management
of our Advisor have broad discretion when identifying, evaluating and making such investments.
Our stockholdersStockholders will have no opportunity to evaluate the transaction terms or other financial or operational data concerning specific investments before we invest in them. Furthermore, our board of directors will have broad discretion in implementing policies regarding tenant creditworthiness and
our stockholders will likewise have no opportunity to evaluate potential tenants. As a result,
our stockholders must rely on our board of directors and our
Advisormanagement to identify and evaluate our investment opportunities, and
theyour board of directors and management may not be able to achieve our business objectives, may make unwise decisions or may make investments with which
our stockholders do not agree.
Because we are selling our shares directly to the public, our stockholders will not have the benefit of an independent due diligence review of us, which is customarily performed in underwritten offerings; the absence of an independent due diligence review increases the risks and uncertainty our stockholders face.
Because there is no independent third party underwriter selling our shares or managing the sales effort, there will be no outside independent review of our finances and operations in connection with the preparation of the Offerings, other than the audit of our Consolidated Financial Statements included herein. Other REITs who use a licensed broker-dealer to sell shares are subjected to a due diligence review by the underwriter or dealer manager to satisfy statutory duties under the Securities Act of 1933 and the rules of FINRA or the national securities exchange where the REIT securities are listed. Therefore, our stockholders must rely on the information in the prospectus or other offering documents for the Offerings and will not have the benefit of an independent review and investigation of the Offerings of the type normally performed by an unaffiliated, independent underwriter in a public securities offering.
Due diligence reviews typically include an independent investigation of the background of the Sponsor, Advisor and their affiliates, review of the Offering documents and independent analysis of the plan of business and any underlying financial assumptions. A licensed broker-dealer also has “know your customer” obligations to determine whether the REIT investment is suitable for each individual investor. We intend to perform these tasks ourselves, but our investors do not benefit from a third party review of these facts and considerations.
Failure to continue to qualify as a REIT would reduce our net earnings available for investment or distribution.
Our continued qualification as a REIT will depend upon our ability to meet requirements regarding our organization and ownership, distributions of our income, the nature and diversification of our income and assets and other tests imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. If we fail to qualify as a REIT for any taxable year,
after electing REIT status, we will be subject to
U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income at corporate rates. In addition, we would generally be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year in which we lost our REIT status. Losing our REIT status would reduce our net earnings available for investment or distribution to stockholders because of the additional tax liability. In addition, distributions would no longer qualify for the dividends-paid deduction and we would no longer be required to make distributions. If this occurs, we might be required to borrow funds or liquidate some investments in order to pay the applicable tax.
The SEC’s ongoing investigation may require significant Advisor management time and attention, result in significant legal expenses or damages and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The SEC is conducting an investigation related to the advertising and sale of securities by us in connection with the Registered Offering. The investigation is a non-public fact-finding inquiry. It is neither an allegation of wrongdoing nor a finding that violations of law have occurred. In connection with the investigation, we and certain associates have received and responded to subpoenas from the SEC requesting various documents and other documents related to us and the Registered Offering. We have cooperated and intend to continue to cooperate with the SEC in this matter.
The SEC’s investigation is ongoing, and we are presently unable to predict its duration, scope or results, or whether the SEC will commence any legal actions or launch additional investigations, inquiries or other actions related thereto. The SEC’s investigation could require significant attention from members of our Advisor’s senior management. Legal and other expenses we expect to incur in connection with the SEC’s investigation could become significant. If the SEC or another governmental entity were to commence legal action against us, we could be required to pay significant fines and could become subject to injunctions, a cease and desist order or other equitable remedies, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We face risks associated with security breaches through cyber-attacks, cyber intrusions or otherwise, as well as other significant disruptions of our information technology (“IT”) networks and related systems.
We face risks associated with security breaches, whether through cyber-attacks or cyber intrusions over the Internet, malware, computer viruses, attachments to e-mails, persons inside our organization or persons with access to systems inside our organization, and other significant disruptions of our IT networks and related systems.
The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber-attack or cyber intrusion, including by computer hackers, foreign governments and cyber terrorists, has generally increased as the number, intensity and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. Our Sponsor’s proprietary online investment platform, www.RichUncles.com,www.modiv.com, our IT networks and related systems are essential to the operation of our business and our ability to perform day-to-day operations. Although we make efforts to maintain the security and integrity of these types of IT networks and related systems, and we have implemented various measures to manage the risk of a security breach or disruption, there can be no assurance that our security efforts and measures will be effective or that attempted security breaches or disruptions would not be successful or damaging. Even the most well protected information, networks, systems and facilities remain potentially vulnerable because the techniques used in such attempted security breaches evolve and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, and in some cases are designed not to be detected and, in fact, may not be detected. Accordingly, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate security barriers or other preventative measures, and thus it is impossible for us to entirely mitigate this risk. A security breach or other significant disruption involving our IT networks and related systems could:
| · | disrupt the proper functioning of our networks and systems and therefore our operations; |
| · | result in misstated financial reports, violations of loan covenants and/or missed reporting deadlines; |
| · | result in our inability to properly monitor our compliance with the rules and regulations regarding our qualification as a REIT; |
| · | result in the unauthorized access to, and destruction, loss, theft, misappropriation or release of, proprietary, confidential, sensitive or otherwise valuable information of ours or others, which others could use to compete against us or which could expose us to damage claims by third-parties for disruptive, destructive or otherwise harmful purposes and outcomes; |
| · | require significant management attention and resources to remedy any damages that result; |
| · | subject us to claims for breach of contract, damages, credits, penalties or termination of leases or other agreements; or |
| · | damage our reputation among our stockholders. |
•disrupt the proper functioning of our networks and systems and therefore our operations;
•result in misstated financial reports, violations of loan covenants and/or missed reporting deadlines to the SEC;
•result in our inability to properly monitor our compliance with the rules and regulations regarding our qualification as a REIT;
•result in the unauthorized access to, and destruction, loss, theft, misappropriation or release of, proprietary, confidential, sensitive or otherwise valuable information of ours or others, which others could use to compete against us or which could expose us to damage claims by third-parties for disruptive, destructive or otherwise harmful purposes and outcomes;
•require significant management attention and resources to remedy any damages that result;
•subject us to claims for breach of contract, damages, credits, penalties or termination of leases or other agreements; or
•damage our reputation among investors.
Any or all of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Risks Related to an Investment in Our Common Stock
We may be unable to pay or maintain cash distributions or increase distributions over time.
There are many factors that can affect the availability and timing of cash distributions to stockholders. Distributions will be based principally on
distribution expectations of our potential investors and cash available from our operations. The amount of cash available for distribution will be affected by many factors, such as our ability to buy properties as
offering proceeds
from the Offerings become available and our operating expense levels, as well as many other variables. Actual cash available for distribution may vary substantially from estimates.
There can be no assuranceWe cannot assure stockholders that we will be able to pay or maintain distributions or that distributions will increase over time, nor can we give any assurance that rents from the properties will increase, or that future acquisitions of real properties will increase our cash available for distribution to stockholders. Because we have paid, and may continue to pay, distributions from sources other than our cash flow from operations, distributions at any point in time may not reflect the current performance of our properties or our current operating cash flows. In addition, if we pay distributions from sources other than our cash flow from operations, we may have less cash available for investments and
our stockholders’stockholders' overall return may be reduced.
We face significant competition for real estate investment opportunities, which may limit our ability to acquire suitable investments and achieve our investment objectives or pay distributions.
We face competition from various entities for real estate investment opportunities, including other REITs, pension funds, banks and insurance companies,
private equity and other investment funds and companies, partnerships and developers. Many of these entities have substantially greater financial resources than we do and may be able to accept more risk than we can prudently manage, including risks with respect to the creditworthiness of a tenant or the geographic location of their investments. Competition from these entities may reduce the number of suitable investment opportunities offered to us or increase the bargaining power of property owners seeking to sell. Additionally, disruptions and dislocations in the credit markets could impact the cost and availability of debt to finance real estate investments, which is a key component of our acquisition strategy. A downturn in the credit markets and a potential lack of available debt could
result in a further reduction oflimit our ability to pursue suitable investment opportunities and create a competitive advantage for other entities that have greater financial resources than we do. In addition, the number of entities and the amount of funds competing for suitable investments may increase. If we acquire investments at higher prices and/or by using less-than-ideal capital structures, our returns will be lower, and the value of our respective assets may not appreciate or may decrease significantly below the amount we paid for such assets. If such events occur,
our stockholders may experience a lower return on their investment.
If we are unable to
findcomplete acquisitions of suitable investments, we may not be able to achieve our investment objectives or pay distributions.
Our ability to achieve our investment objectives and to pay distributions depends upon theour performance of our Advisor in the acquisition of investments, including the determination of any financing arrangements. We are also subject to competition in seeking to acquire real estate-related investments. We expect to use a substantial amount of the net proceeds from the Offeringsfunds we raise to primarily invest, directly or indirectly through investmentinvestments in affiliated and non-affiliated entities, in single-tenant income-producing corporate properties, which are leaseda diversified portfolio of real estate and real estate-related investments. We will also seek to creditworthy tenants under long-term net leases. The more shares we sell in our Offerings, the greater our challenge will be to invest the net offering proceeds on attractive terms. acquire other crowd funding companies or platforms and other non-listed real estate and real estate-related companies or portfolios.
Our investors must rely entirely on
theour management abilities
of our Advisor and the oversight of our board of directors. We can give no assurance that
our Advisorwe will be successful in obtaining suitable investments on financially attractive terms or that
if it makes investments on our behalf, our objectives will be achieved. If we, through our Advisor, are unable to find suitable investments promptly, we will
hold the proceeds from the Offerings in an interest-bearing account or invest the proceeds in short-term assets.achieve our objectives. In the event we are unable to timely locate suitable investments, we may be unable or limited in our ability to pay distributions and we may not be able to meet our investment objectives.
If we raise substantial proceeds from the Offerings in a short period
We are an “emerging growth company” under the federal securities laws and will be subject to reduced public company reporting requirements.
In April 2012,
President Obama signed into law the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, or the JOBS
Act.Act, was signed into law. We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from, or reduced disclosure obligations relating to, various reporting requirements that are normally applicable to public companies. We could remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years, or until the earliest of (1) the last day of the first fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of
$1$1.07 billion or more, (2) December 31 of the fiscal year that we become a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act (which would occur if the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million, measured as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, and we have been publicly reporting for at least 12 months) or (3) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt during the preceding three year period. Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies are not required to (1) provide an auditor’s attestation report on management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002, (2) comply with new requirements adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or the PCAOB, which require mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report in which the auditor must provide additional information about the audit and the issuer’s financial statements, (3) comply with new audit rules adopted by the PCAOB after April 5, 2012 (unless the SEC determines otherwise), (4) provide certain disclosures relating to executive compensation generally required for larger public companies or (5) hold stockholder advisory votes on executive compensation. If we take advantage of any of these exemptions, we do not know if some investors will find our common stock less attractive as a result.
Additionally, the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” may take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies. This means an “emerging growth company” can delay adopting certain accounting standards until such standards are otherwise applicable to private companies. However, we are electing to “opt out” of such extended transition period and will therefore comply with new or revised accounting standards on the applicable dates on which the adoption of such standards are required for non-emerging growth companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that our decision to opt out of such extended transition period for compliance with new or revised accounting standards is irrevocable.
Disruptions in the financial markets and uncertain economic conditions could adversely affect market rental rates, commercial real estate values and our ability to secure debt financing, service future debt obligations, or pay distributions to
our stockholders.
Currently, both the investing and leasing environments are highly competitive. While there has been an increase in the amount of capital flowing into the U.S. real estate markets, which resulted in an increase in real estate values in certain markets, the uncertainty regarding the economic environment has made businesses reluctant to make long-term commitments or changes in their business plans.
For example, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant disruptions in financial markets, business shutdowns and uncertainty about how the economy will perform over the next year.
Volatility in global markets and changing political environments can cause fluctuations in the performance of the U.S. commercial real estate markets. Economic slowdowns of large economies outside the United States are likely to negatively impact growth of the U.S. economy. Political uncertainties both home and abroad may discourage business investment in real estate and other capital spending. Possible future declines in rental rates and expectations of future rental concessions, including free rent to renew tenants early, to retain tenants who are up for renewal or to attract new tenants, or requests from tenants for rent abatements during periods when they are severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, may result in decreases in cash flows from investment properties. Increases in the cost of financing due to higher interest rates may cause difficulty in refinancing debt obligations prior to maturity at terms as favorable as the terms of existing indebtedness. Market conditions can change quickly, potentially negatively impacting the value of real estate investments. Management continuously reviews our investment and debt financing strategies to optimize our portfolio and the cost of our debt exposure.
We plan to rely on debt financing to finance our real estate properties and we may have difficulty refinancing some of our debt obligations prior to or at maturity, or we may not be able to refinance these obligations at terms as favorable as the terms of our initialcurrent indebtedness and we also may be unable to obtain additional debt financing on attractive terms or at all. If we are not able to refinance our initialcurrent indebtedness on attractive terms at the various maturity dates, we may be forced to dispose of some of our assets. Recent financial
The debt market
conditions have improved fromremains sensitive to the
bottommacro environment, such as Federal Reserve policy, market sentiment or regulatory factors affecting the banking and commercial mortgage backed securities (“CMBS”) industries and the COVID-19 pandemic. We may experience more stringent lending criteria, which may affect our ability to finance certain property acquisitions or refinance any debt at maturity. Additionally, for properties for which we are able to obtain financing, the interest rates and other terms on such loans may be unacceptable. We expect to manage the current mortgage lending environment by considering alternative lending sources, including securitized debt, fixed rate loans, short-term variable rate loans, assumed mortgage loans in connection with property acquisitions, interest rate lock or swap agreements, or any combination of the
economic cycle, but material risks are still present. Market conditions can change quickly, which could negatively impact the value of our assets.foregoing.
Disruptions in the financial markets and
continued uncertain economic conditions could adversely affect the values of our investments.
Lending activity only recently increased; however, it remains uncertain whether the capital markets can sustain the current transaction levels. Furthermore, declining economic conditions could negatively impact commercial real estate fundamentals and result in lower occupancy, lower rental rates and declining values in our real estate portfolio,
and in the collateral securing our loan investments, which could have the following negative effects on us:
| · | the values of our investments in commercial properties could decrease below the amounts paid for such investments; and/or |
| · | revenues from our properties could decrease due to fewer tenants and/or lower rental rates, making it more difficult for us to pay distributions or meet our debt service obligations on debt financing. |
•the values of our investments in commercial properties could decrease below the amounts paid for such investments; and/or
•revenues from our properties could decrease due to fewer tenants and/or lower rental rates, making it more difficult for us to pay distributions or meet our debt service obligations on debt financing.
All of these factors could reduce
our stockholders’ return and decrease the value of an investment in us.
If we fail to diversify our investment portfolio, downturns relating to certain geographic regions, industries or business sectors may have a more significant adverse impact on our assets and our ability to pay distributions than if we had a diversified investment portfolio.
While we intend to diversify our portfolio of investments in the manner described in this Annual Report
on Form 10-K, we are not required to observe specific diversification criteria. Therefore, our investments may at times be concentrated in a limited number of geographic locations, or secured by assets concentrated in a limited number of geographic locations. To the extent that our portfolio is concentrated in limited geographic regions, industries or business sectors, downturns relating generally to such region, industry or business sector may result in defaults on a number of our investments within a short time period, which may reduce our net income and the value of our common stock and accordingly limit our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
As a result of the Merger with REIT I, 12 of our 36 operating properties, as well as our 72.7% tenant-in-common interest, are located in California, which makes the performance of our properties highly dependent on the health of the California economy.
Any adverse economic or real estate developments in our target markets could adversely affect our operating results and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
Because we depend upon our Advisor and its affiliates to conduct our operations, adverse changes in the financial health of our Advisor or its affiliates could cause our operations to suffer.
We depend on our Advisor to manage our operations and our portfolio of assets. Our Advisor depends upon the fees and other compensation that it receives from us, and other Brix-affiliated programs that it advises in connection with the purchase, management and sale of assets to conduct its operations. Any adverse changes to our relationship with, or the financial condition of, our Advisor and its affiliates, could hinder their ability to successfully manage our operations and our portfolio of investments.
We may not be successful in conducting the Offerings, which would adversely impact our ability to implement our investment strategy.
The success of the Offerings and our ability to implement our business strategy depend upon our ability to sell our shares to investors. All investors have a choice of numerous competing real estate investment trust offerings, many with similar investment objectives, to invest in, which may make selling our shares to such investors more difficult. If we are not successful in growing, operating and managing this process, our ability to raise proceeds through the Offerings will be limited and we may not have adequate capital to implement our investment strategy.
The loss of or the inability to retain or obtain key real estate professionals
at our Advisor could delay or hinder implementation of our investment strategies, which could limit our ability to make distributions and decrease the value of an investment in our shares.
Our success depends to a significant degree upon the contributions of Messrs.
Harold HoferAaron Halfacre, Ray Pacini and Ray Wirta,
our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors, respectively, each of whom would be difficult to replace. Neither we nor our affiliates have employment agreements with these
individuals and they may not remain associated with us, our Advisor or its affiliates.individuals. If any of these persons were to cease their association with us,
our Advisor or its affiliates, we may be unable to find suitable replacements and our operating results could suffer as a result. We
do not intend to maintain key person life insurance on any person. We believe that our future success depends, in large part, upon our
Advisor’s and its affiliates’ ability to attract and retain highly skilled managerial, operational and marketing professionals. Competition for such professionals is intense, and
our Advisor and its affiliateswe may be unsuccessful in attracting and retaining such skilled professionals. If we lose or are unable to obtain the services of highly skilled professionals, our ability to implement our investment strategies could be delayed or hindered.
Our
Maryland law and our organizational documents limit our rights and the rights of
our stockholders to recover claims against our
independent directors
are limited,and officers, which could reduce
our stockholders’their and our recovery against
our independent directorsthem if they
negligently cause us to incur losses.
Maryland law provides that a director
has nowill not have any liability
in that capacity ifas a director so long as he or she performs his or her duties in
accordance with the applicable standard of conduct. Moreover, our bylaws generally require us to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors and officers for losses they may incur by reason of their service in those capacities if the director or officer: (a) conducted himself in good
faith,faith; (b) reasonably believed, in
a manner he or she reasonably believes to bethe case of conduct in his official capacity, that his conduct was in our best interests and,
within all other cases, that his conduct was at least not opposed to our best interests; and (c) in the
carecase of any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that
an ordinarily prudent personhis conduct was unlawful; provided, however, that in
a like position would use under similar circumstances. Our bylaws providethe event that
none of our independent directors shall behe is found liable to us or
our stockholdersis found liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received by him, the indemnification (i) is limited to reasonable expenses actually incurred by him in connection with the proceeding and (ii) shall not be made in respect of any proceeding in which he shall have been found liable for
monetary damages and that we will generally indemnify them for losses unless they are negligentwillful or
engageintentional misconduct in
willful misconduct.the performance of his or her duty to us. As a result,
our stockholders and we may have more limited rights against our
independent directors
or officers than might otherwise exist under common law, which could reduce
ourtheir and our
stockholders’ recovery from these persons if they act in a
negligent manner. In addition, we may be obligatedmanner that causes us to
fund the defense costs incurred by our independent directors (as well as by our other directors, officers, employees and agents) in some cases, which would decrease the cash otherwise available for distribution to our stockholders.
We may change our targeted investments without stockholder consent.
We
initially intend to invest in single-tenant income-producing
corporate properties
whichthat are leased to
credit worthycreditworthy tenants under long-term net leases; however, we may make adjustments to our target portfolio based on real estate market conditions and investment opportunities, and we may change our targeted investments and investment guidelines at any time without the consent of
our stockholders, which could result in our making investments that are different from, and possibly riskier than, the investments described
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.herein. A change in our targeted investments or investment guidelines may increase our exposure to interest rate risk, default risk and real estate market fluctuations, all of which could adversely affect the value of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to
our stockholders. We will not
forego a goodforgo an investment
opportunity because it does not precisely fit our expected portfolio composition. We believe that we are most likely to meet our investment objectives through the careful selection and underwriting of assets. When making an acquisition, we will
emphasizeanalyze the performance and risk characteristics of that investment, how that investment will fit with our portfolio-level performance objectives, the other assets in our portfolio and how the returns and risks of that investment compare to the returns and risks of available investment alternatives. Thus,
to the extent that our Advisor presents us with what we believe to be good investment opportunities that allow us to meet the REIT requirements under the Internal Revenue Code, our portfolio composition may vary from what we initially expect. However, we will attempt to construct a portfolio that produces stable and attractive returns by spreading risk across different real estate investments.
The
offering priceestimated NAV per share of our common stock may not reflect the value that stockholders will receive for their investment.
As with any valuation methodology, the methodologies we use are based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that may not be accurate or complete. Different parties using different assumptions and estimates could derive a different estimated NAV per share of our common stock, and these differences could be significant. The estimated NAV per share is not audited and does not represent the fair value of our assets less the fair value of our liabilities according to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”), nor does it represent a liquidation value of our assets and liabilities or the price at which our shares of common stock would trade on a national securities exchange. The estimated NAV per share does not reflect a
discount for the fact that we are externally managed, nor does it reflect a real estate portfolio premium/discount versus the sum of the individual property values. The estimated NAV per share also does not take into account estimated disposition costs and fees for real estate properties that are not held for sale, debt prepayment penalties that could apply upon the prepayment of certain of our debt obligations, the impact of restrictions on the assumption of debt or swap breakage fees that may be incurred upon the termination of certain of our swaps prior to expiration.
Accordingly, with respect to our estimated NAV per share,
and our annually updated Registered Offering price and Class S Offering price, we can give no assurance that:
| · | a stockholder would ultimately realize distributions per share equal to our estimated NAV per share upon a sale of the Company; |
| · | our shares of common stock would trade at our estimated NAV per share on a national securities exchange; |
| · | a third party would offer our estimated NAV per share in an arm’s-length transaction to purchase all or substantially all of our shares of common stock; |
| · | another independent third-party appraiser or third-party valuation firm would agree with our estimated NAV per share; or |
| · | the methodology used to determine our estimated NAV per share would be acceptable for compliance with ERISA reporting requirements. |
•a stockholder would ultimately realize distributions per share equal to our estimated NAV per share upon a sale of our company;
•our shares of common stock would trade at our estimated NAV per share on a national securities exchange;
•a third party would offer our estimated NAV per share in an arm’s-length transaction to purchase all or substantially all of our shares of common stock;
•another independent third-party appraiser or third-party valuation firm would agree with our estimated NAV per share; or
•the methodology used to determine our estimated NAV per share would be acceptable for compliance with Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), reporting requirements.
The NAV of our shares will fluctuate over time in response to developments related to the capital raised,
during our offering stage, future investments, the performance of individual assets in our portfolio, the management of those assets, and the real estate and
financefinancial markets.
We have made an investment in, and are sponsoring, a SPAC that may not be successful.
Through MVF, an indirect subsidiary of our taxable REIT subsidiary, we are sponsoring MACS, a SPAC. On January 29, 2021, MVF subscribed for 2,875,000 shares of common stock of MACS for $25,000, with 375,000 shares being cancellable if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is not exercised, which will result in MVF owning 20% of MACS upon completion of the IPO.
MACS publicly filed its registration statement on Form S-1 with the SEC on March 24, 2021 and plans to raise $100,000,000, or $115,000,000 if the over-allotment option is exercised, in its IPO. In connection with the public filing of the Form S-1, MVF deposited $4,500,000 in escrow with the attorneys for MACS. The $4,500,000 will be released from escrow upon completion of the IPO and used to purchase 9,000,000 warrants to purchase additional shares of MACS. Each warrant has the right to purchase 0.5 share of MACS common stock and can be exercised at a strike price of $11.50 per share.
MACS was formed for the purpose of entering into a business combination with one or more businesses or entities, and intends to focus on targets located in North America that are focused on fintech and proptech, with a focus on companies whose core purpose is related to the real estate industry. Within those parameters, MACS intends to pursue a business combination with companies that use technology driven platforms and solutions to disrupt or revolutionize the real estate capital markets, transactional marketplaces and investment management industry.
There is no assurance that the SPAC will be successful in raising capital in its IPO or in completing a business combination for which it seeks to raise capital in the IPO, or that any business combination will be successful. We could lose our entire investment in the SPAC if a business combination is not completed within 24 months of the SPAC's IPO or if the business combination is not successful, which may adversely impact our value.
Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest
Our
Advisor, Sponsor and their affiliates, including all of our executive officers and our
affiliated directors and other key real estate professionals, face conflicts of interest caused by their compensation arrangements with us and with other Brix-affiliated programs, which could result in actions that are not in the long-term best interests of our stockholders.Most of our executive officers and our affiliated directors and other key real estate professionals are also officers, directors, managers, key professionals and/or holders of a direct or indirect controlling interest in our Advisor, and/or other Brix-affiliated entities. Our Advisor, Sponsor and their affiliates receive substantial fees from us. These fees could influence our Advisor’s advice to us as well as the judgment of its affiliates. Among other matters, these compensation arrangements could affect their judgment with respect to:
| · | the continuation, renewal or enforcement of our agreements with our Advisor and its affiliates, including the Advisory Agreement; |
| · | sales of real estate investments, which entitle our Advisor to disposition fees; |
| · | acquisitions of real estate investments, which entitle our Advisor to acquisition fees based on the cost of the investment and asset management fees based on the cost of the investment, and not based on the quality of the investment or the quality of the services rendered to us, which may influence our Advisor to recommend riskier transactions to us and/or transactions that are not in our best interest and, in the case of acquisitions of investments from other Brix-affiliated programs, which might entitle affiliates of our Advisor to disposition fees and possible subordinated incentive fees in connection with its services for the seller; |
| · | borrowings to acquire real estate investments, which borrowings will increase the acquisition fees and asset management fees payable to our Advisor; |
| · | whether and when we seek to list our shares of common stock on a national securities exchange, which listing may make it more likely for us to become self-managed or internalize our management and which could also adversely affect the sales efforts for other Brix-affiliated programs, depending on the price at which our shares trade; and |
| · | whether we seek to sell the Company, which sale could terminate the asset management fees. |
Our UPREIT structure may result in potential conflicts of interest with limited partners in the Operating Partnership whose interests may not be aligned with those of our stockholders.
Our Advisor, Sponsor and its affiliates face conflicts of interest relating to the acquisition of assets due to their relationship with other Brix-affiliated programs and Brix-advised investors, which could result in decisions that are not in our best interest or the best interests of our stockholders.
We rely on our Advisor, Sponsor and other key real estate professionals at our Advisor, including Messrs. Hofer and Wirta to identify suitable investment opportunities for us. Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I is advised by our Sponsor and relies on many of the same real estate professionals as will future Brix-affiliated programs advised by our Advisor. As such, we and the other Brix-affiliated programs, and Brix-advised investors rely on many of the same real estate professionals, as will future Brix-affiliated programs and Brix-advised investors. Many investment opportunities that are suitable for us may also be suitable for other Brix-affiliated programs and Brix-advised investors. When these real estate professionals direct an investment opportunity to any Brix-affiliated program or Brix-advised investor they, in their sole discretion, will offer the opportunity to the program or investor for which the investment opportunity is most suitable based on the investment objectives, portfolio and criteria of each program or investor. Our acquisition stage may overlap with future Brix-affiliated programs and Brix-advised investors.
We and other Brix-affiliated programs and Brix-advised investors also rely on these real estate professionals to supervise the management of investments. If the Brix team of real estate professionals directs creditworthy prospective tenants to properties owned by another Brix-affiliated program or Brix-advised investor when it could direct such tenants to our properties, our tenant base may have more inherent risk and our properties’ occupancy may be lower than might otherwise be the case.
Further, existing and future Brix-affiliated programs and Brix-advised investors and Messrs. Hofer and Wirta generally are not and will not be prohibited from engaging, directly or indirectly, in any business or from possessing interests in any other business venture or ventures, including businesses and ventures involved in the acquisition, development, ownership, leasing or sale of real estate-related investments.
There is a risk that stockholders could sue us and the directors involved if they determine that fiduciary duties to our stockholders were violated in connection with an internalization transaction, causing us to incur high litigation costs.
Our officers, our Advisor, our Sponsor, and the real estate, debt finance, management and accounting professionals assembled by our Advisor face competing demands on their time, and this may cause our operations and our stockholders’ investment in us to suffer.
We rely on our officers
our Advisor, our Sponsor and
theour real estate, debt finance, management and accounting professionals,
that our Advisor retains, including Messrs.
HoferHalfacre, Pacini and Wirta, to provide services to us for the day-to-day operation of our business.
Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust IOur indirect subsidiary, Modiv Advisors, LLC, is
also advised by Brixthe advisor to BRIX REIT and
relies on our Sponsor and manyModiv Divisibles, Inc. (“Modiv Divisibles”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of
the same real estate, debt finance, management and accounting professionals, as will future Brix-affiliated programs and Brix-advised investors. Further, our officers and affiliated directors are also officers and/or affiliated directors of some or all of the other Brix-affiliated programs.ours which has not yet begun operations. Messrs.
HoferHalfacre and Wirta are also
executive officersdirectors of
Rich Uncles Real EstateBRIX REIT and Messrs. Halfacre and Pacini are managers of Modiv Divisibles. Our Chief Investment
Trust IOfficer, Mr. Broms, is also the Chief Executive Officer of BRIX REIT, Mr. Pacini is also the Chief Financial Officer of BRIX REIT and
Brix. As a resultModiv Divisibles, Ms. Sciutto, our Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer, is also the Chief Accounting Officer of
their interests in other Brixs-affiliated programs, their obligations to Brix-advised investorsBRIX REIT and
Modiv Divisibles and Mr. Raney, our Chief Legal and General Counsel, is also the
fact that they engage inChief Legal Officer and
will continue to engage in other business activities on behalfGeneral Counsel of
themselves and others, Messrs. Hofer and WirtaModiv Divisibles. These individuals face conflicts of interest in allocating their time among us,
Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I, other Brix-affiliated programsBRIX REIT and
other Brix-advised investors,Modiv Divisibles, as well as other business activities in which they
aremay be involved. During times of intense activity in other programs and ventures, these individuals may devote less time and fewer resources to our business than are necessary or appropriate to manage our business.
Furthermore, some or all of these individuals may become employees of another Brix-affiliated program in an internalization transaction or, if we internalize our Advisor, may not become our employees as a result of their relationship with other Brix-affiliated programs. If these events occur, the returns on our investments, and the value of
our stockholders’stockholders' investment in us, may decline.
Table of our executive officers, our affiliated directors and the key real estate professionals assembled by our Advisor face conflicts of interest related to their positions and/or interests in our Advisor, our Sponsor and their affiliates, which could hinder our ability to implement our business strategy and to generate returns to our stockholders.Most of our executive officers, our affiliated directors and the key real estate professionals assembled by our Advisor are also executive officers, directors, managers, key professionals and/or holders of a direct or indirect controlling interest in our Advisor, our Sponsor, and/or other Brix-affiliated entities. As a result, they owe fiduciaryContents
Our directors' duties to
each of these entities, their membersBRIX REIT and
these investors, which fiduciary duties may from time to time conflict with the fiduciary duties that they owe to us and our stockholders. Their loyalties to these other entities and investors could result in action or inaction that is detrimental to our business, which could harm the implementation of our business strategy and our investment and leasing opportunities. Further, Messrs. Hofer and Wirta and existing and future Brix-affiliated programs and Brix-advised investors generally are not and will not be prohibited from engaging, directly or indirectly, in any business or from possessing interests in any other business venture or ventures, including businesses and ventures involved in the acquisition, development, ownership, leasing or sale of real estate investments. If we do not successfully implement our business strategy, we may be unable to generate the cash needed to make distributions to our stockholders and to maintain or increase the value of our assets.Because other Brix-affiliated programs may conduct offerings concurrently with the Offerings, our Advisor and our Sponsor may face potential conflicts of interest arising from competition among us and these other programs for investors and investment capital, and such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor.
Future Brix-affiliated programs may seek to raise capital through offerings conducted concurrently with the Offerings. As a result, our Advisor may face conflicts of interest arising from potential competition with these other programs for investors and investment capital. There may be periods during which one or more Rich Uncles-affiliated programs will be raising capital and may compete with us for investment capital. Such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor and our stockholders will not have the opportunity to evaluate the manner in which these conflicts of interest are resolved before or after making an investment in our shares.
Our board of directors’ loyalties to Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I and possibly to future Brix-affiliated programsModiv Divisibles could influence itstheir judgment, resulting in actions that may not be in ourthe stockholders’ best interest or that result in a disproportionate benefit to another Brix-affiliated programthese other programs at our expense.
Most of our
Our affiliated directors,
Messrs. Halfacre and Wirta, are also
trustdirectors of BRIX REIT and Messrs. Halfacre and Pacini are managers
(the equivalent of
trustees) of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I.Modiv Divisibles. The
loyaltiesduties of our directors serving on the board of
trust managers of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I, or possibly on the boards of directors of
future Brix-affiliated programs,BRIX REIT and Modiv Divisibles may influence
thetheir judgment
as members of our board of directors when considering issues for us that also may affect
the other
Brix-affiliated programs, such as the following:
| · | Our conflicts committee must evaluate the performance of our Advisor with respect to whether our Advisor is presenting to us our fair share of investment opportunities. If our Advisor is not presenting a sufficient number of investment opportunities to us because it is presenting many opportunities to other Brix-affiliated programs or if our Advisor is giving preferential treatment to other Brix-affiliated programs in this regard, our conflicts committee may not be well-suited to enforce our rights under the terms of the Advisory Agreement or to seek a new Advisor. |
| · | We could enter into transactions with other Brix-affiliated programs, such as property sales, acquisitions or financing arrangements. Such transactions might entitle our Advisor or its affiliates to fees and other compensation from both parties to the transaction. For example, acquisitions from other Brix-affiliated programs might entitle our Advisor or its affiliates to disposition fees and possible subordinated incentive fees in connection with its services for the seller in addition to acquisition fees and other fees that we might pay to our Advisor in connection with such transaction. Similarly, property sales to other Brix-affiliated programs might entitle our Advisor or its affiliates to acquisition fees in connection with its services to the purchaser in addition to disposition and other fees that we might pay to our Advisor in connection with such transaction. Decisions of our board or our conflicts committee regarding the terms of those transactions may be influenced by our board’s or our conflicts committee’s loyalties to such other Brix-affiliated programs. |
| · | A decision of our board or our conflicts committee regarding the timing of a debt or equity offering could be influenced by concerns that the Offerings would compete with offerings of other Brix-affiliated programs. |
| · | A decision of our board or our conflicts committee regarding the timing of property sales could be influenced by concerns that the sales would compete with those of other Brix-affiliated programs. |
| · | A decision of our board or our conflicts committee regarding whether and when we seek to list our common stock on a national securities exchange could be influenced by concerns that such listing could adversely affect the sales efforts of other Brix-affiliated programs, depending on the price at which our shares trade. |
Because our conflicts committee members are also independent trust managers of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I, they receive compensation for their services to Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I. Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I pays each independent trust manager $5,000 per meeting attended (including via email or telephone) and $1,000 per acquisition vote outside of votes in the course of a meeting. Compensation is paid in Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I shares. Like us, Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I also reimburses trust managers for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection•We could enter into transactions with attendance at meetings of its board of directors. In addition to any of the foregoing independent trust manager compensation and trust manager reimbursement to which he may be entitled, Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I pays Jeffrey Randolph, for services to Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I as chair of the audit committee of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I’s board of trust managers, 300 shares of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I’s common stock per fiscal quarter. Such payments, which began in August 2017, shall continue for as long as Mr. Randolph is serving as chair of the audit committee of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I’s board of trust managers.
If we ever decided to become self-managed, the terms of the management arrangement would not be negotiated in an arms-length transaction.
If we ever decided to become self-managed by acquiring our AdvisorBRIX REIT and/or Modiv Divisibles, such as property acquisitions, sales of properties or sales of interests in special purpose entities affiliated with our Advisor, there is a risk that internalization of management would not be fair to stockholders because it may not be negotiated in an arms-length transaction. Our amended and restated articles of incorporation require that a majorityown property. Decisions of our board of directors (including a majorityregarding the terms of those transactions may be influenced by our board of directors’ responsibilities to such other programs;
•We could seek to acquire the same or similar assets that Modiv Divisibles is seeking to acquire and be in competition with Modiv Divisibles for investment opportunities;
•We could enter into options or rights of first offer or rights of first refusal with Modiv Divisibles to acquire some of its properties;
•A decision of our conflicts committee) not otherwise interested inboard of directors regarding the transaction concludetiming of a debt or equity offering could be influenced by concerns that the offering would compete with offerings of other programs advised by our affiliates; and
•A decision of our board of directors regarding whether and when we seek to list our common stock on a national securities exchange could be influenced by concerns that such internalization transaction is fair and reasonable to us and any fees orlisting could adversely affect the sales efforts of other compensation dueprograms advised by virtue ofour affiliates, depending on the internalization transaction toprice at which our Advisor and/or affiliated entities are also fair and reasonable to us.shares trade.
Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure
Our
articles of incorporation limitcharter limits the number of shares a person may own and permits our board of directors to
issueauthorize the issuance of stock with terms that may subordinate the rights of our common stockholders or discourage a third party from acquiring us in a manner that could result in a premium price to
our stockholders.
Our
articles of incorporation,charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. To help us comply with the REIT ownership requirements of the Internal Revenue Code,
among other purposes, our charter
as supplemented by actions of our board of directors prohibitprohibits a person from directly or constructively owning more than 9.8% of our outstanding shares
of common stock, unless exempted by our board of directors. In addition, our board of directors may classify or reclassify any unissued common stock or preferred stock and establish the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of repurchase of any such stock. Thus, our board of directors could authorize the issuance of preferred stock with priority as to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation over the rights of the holders of our
Class C common stock and Class S common stock. These provisions may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all of our assets) that might provide a premium price to holders of our
Class C common stock or Class S common stock.
Stockholders’
Our stockholders’ investment return may be reduced if we are required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company
Act;Act of 1940; if we or our subsidiaries become an unregistered investment company, we could not continue our business.
Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries
currently intend to register as investment companies under the Investment Company
Act.Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). If we or our subsidiaries were obligated to register as investment companies, we would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act that impose, among other things:
| · | limitations on capital structure; |
| · | restrictions on specified investments; |
| · | prohibitions on transactions with affiliates; and |
| · | compliance with reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly increase our operating expenses. |
•limitations on capital structure; •restrictions on specified investments;
•prohibitions on transactions with affiliates; and
•compliance with reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly increase our operating expenses.
Under the relevant provisions of Section 3(a)(1) of the Investment Company Act, an investment company is any issuer that:
| · | is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities (the “primarily engaged test”); or |
| · | is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire “investment securities” having a value exceeding 40% of the value of such issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis (the “40% test”). “Investment securities” excludes U.S. government securities and securities of majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company under Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) (relating to private investment companies). |
•is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities (the “primarily engaged test”); or
•is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire “investment securities” having a value exceeding 40% of the value of such issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis (the “40% test”). “Investment securities” excludes U.S. government securities and securities of majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company under Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) (relating to private investment companies).
We believe that neither we nor our Operating Partnership will be required to register as an investment company based on the following analysis. With respect to the 40% test, the entities through which we and our Operating Partnership intend to own our assets will be majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exceptions from the definition of investment company under Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7).
With respect to the primarily engaged test, we and our Operating Partnership are holding companies and do not intend to invest or trade in securities ourselves. Rather, through the majority-owned subsidiaries of our Operating Partnership, we and our Operating Partnership are primarily engaged in the non-investment company businesses of these subsidiaries, namely the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring real estate and real estate-related assets.
We believe that most of the subsidiaries of our Operating Partnership will be able to rely on Section 3(c)(5)
(C)(c) of the Investment Company Act for an exception from the definition of an investment
company. (Anycompany (any other subsidiaries of our Operating Partnership should be able to rely on the exceptions for private investment companies pursuant to Section 3(c)(1) and Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company
Act.)Act). As reflected in no-action letters, the SEC staff’s position on Section 3(c)(5)
(C)(c) generally requires that an issuer maintain at least 55% of its assets in “mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate,” or qualifying assets; at least 80% of its assets in qualifying assets plus real estate-related assets; and no more than 20% of the value of its assets in other than qualifying assets and real estate-related assets, which we refer to as miscellaneous assets. To constitute a qualifying asset under this 55% requirement, a real estate interest must meet various criteria based on no-action letters. We expect that each of the subsidiaries of our Operating Partnership relying on Section 3(c)(5)
(C)(c) will invest at least 55% of its assets in qualifying assets, and approximately an additional 25% of its assets in other types of real estate-related assets. We expect to rely on guidance published by the SEC staff or on our analyses of guidance published with respect to types of assets to determine which assets are qualifying real estate assets and real estate-related assets.
To maintain compliance with the Investment Company Act, our subsidiaries may be unable to sell assets we would otherwise want them to sell and may need to sell assets we would otherwise wish them to retain. In addition, our subsidiaries may have to acquire additional assets that they might not otherwise have acquired or may have to
foregoforgo opportunities to make investments that we would otherwise want them to make and would be important to our investment strategy. Moreover, the SEC or its staff may issue interpretations with respect to various types of assets that are contrary to our views and current SEC staff interpretations are subject to change, which increases the risk of non-compliance and the risk that we may be forced to make adverse changes to our portfolio. In this regard, we note that in 2011 the SEC issued a concept release indicating that the SEC and its staff were reviewing interpretive issues relating to Section 3(c)(5)
(C)(c) and soliciting views on the application of Section 3(c)(5)
(C)(c) to companies engaged in the business of acquiring mortgages and mortgage-related instruments. If we were required to register as an investment company but failed to do so, we would be prohibited from engaging in our business and criminal and civil actions could be brought against us. In addition, our contracts would be unenforceable unless a court required enforcement and a court could appoint a receiver to take control of us and liquidate our business.
Rapid changes in the values of our assets may make it more difficult for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT or our exception from the definition of an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
If the market value or income potential of our qualifying real estate assets changes as compared to the market value or income potential of our non-qualifying assets, or if the market value or income potential of our assets that are considered “real estate-related assets” under the Investment Company Act or REIT qualification tests changes as compared to the market value or income potential of our assets that are not considered “real estate-related assets” under the Investment Company Act or REIT qualification tests, whether as a result of increased interest rates, prepayment rates or other factors, we may need to modify our investment portfolio in order to maintain our REIT qualification or exception from the definition of an investment company. If the decline in asset values or income occurs quickly, this may be especially difficult, if not impossible, to accomplish. This difficulty may be exacerbated by the illiquid nature of many of the assets that we may own. We may have to make investment decisions that we otherwise would not make absent REIT and Investment Company Act considerations.
Our stockholders will have limited control over changes in our policies and operations, which increases the uncertainty and risks
our stockholders face.
Our board of directors determines our major policies, including our policies regarding financing, growth, debt capitalization, REIT qualification and distributions. Our board of directors may amend or revise these and other policies without a vote of the stockholders. Under
the Maryland General Corporation Law and our
amended and restated articles of incorporation, ourcharter, stockholders have a right to vote only on limited matters. Our board’s broad discretion in setting policies and
our stockholders’ inability to exert control over those policies increases the uncertainty and risks
our stockholders face.
Our stockholders may not be able to immediately sell their
Class C or Class S shares
of common stock under our share repurchase
programs.program.
We do not expect that a secondary market for resale of our
Class C or Class S shares
of common stock will develop,
but we do provide a monthly share repurchase program for stockholders who wish to sell their Class C or Class S shares. Ourand our ability to repurchase
Class C or Class S shares
of our common stock depends upon the levels of our cash reserves (including distribution reinvestment proceeds), availability under any line of credit that we might have, the
respective pace of new
Class C or Class S share sales
of shares of common stock, and our ability to sell properties. There can be no assurance that we will have sufficient cash reserves for
Class C or Class S share repurchases at all times. In addition, we may not repurchase shares if the repurchase would violate
restrictions on the distributions under Maryland law, which prohibit distributions that would cause a corporation to fail to meet statutory tests of solvency.
If we must sell properties in order to honor repurchase requests, the repurchase of shares tendered for repurchase could be delayed until we have sold sufficient properties to honor such requests. We expect that the property sale process, if required to honor repurchase requests, could take several months, and we cannot be sure how long it might take to raise sufficient capital from property sales and other sources to honor all such requests. We intend toUnder the terms of the SRPs, we would honor such repurchase requests inon a pro rata basis to the order they are received.Followingextent that we have cash available for such repurchase requests
. Further, share repurchases under our
initial calculation of NAV and NAV per share of $10.05, which our board approved on January 18, 2018 and calculated as of December 31, 2017, we will repurchase shares based on NAV (as described below) and share repurchasesSRPs for any 12-month period
will notcannot exceed 2% of our aggregate NAV per month,
or 5% of our aggregate NAV per
quarter. These repurchase limits are described in greater detail inItem 5. Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchasesquarter, or 20% of Equity Securities—Share Repurchase Program—Limitations on Repurchase—Post-NAV Calculation. The Class C share repurchase program will also be subject to the revised procedures described in detail below inItem 5. Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities —Share Repurchase Program—Repurchase Procedures-Post-NAV Calculation.our aggregate NAV per year. However, we will only repurchase
Class C or Class S shares if, among other conditions,
in the opinion of our Advisor, we have sufficient reserves with which to repurchase such shares and at the same time maintain our then-current plan of
operation.operations. In addition, shares of our Class S common stock must be held for one year after they have been issued before we will accept requests for repurchase, and shares of our Class C common stock must be held for six months after they have been issued before we will accept requests for repurchase, except for shares acquired pursuant to our DRP if the stockholder submitting the repurchase request has held its initial investment for at least six months. Upon such presentation, we may, subject to the conditions and limitations described below, repurchase the shares presented to us for cash to the extent we have sufficient funds available to us to fund such repurchase.
The
share repurchase price for
shares of Class C
sharescommon stock held by the stockholder for less than
one yeartwo years is
97%98% of the
most recent NAV per share. The
share repurchase price for
shares of Class C
common stock held by the stockholder for at least two years is the most recent NAV per share. The repurchase price for shares
of Class S common stock held by the stockholder for at least one year
but less than two years is
98% of the
most recent NAV per share.
The share repurchase price for Class C shares held by the stockholder for at least two years but less than three years is 99% of the NAV per share. The repurchase price for Class C shares held by the stockholder for at least three years is the NAV per share. Our Class S stockholders are required to hold their Class S shares for a minimum of one year before they can participate in the Class S share repurchase program. Provided that the Class S shares being repurchased have been held by the stockholder for at least one year, such shares will be repurchased at a price equal to 100% of the most recently published NAV per share, which currently is $10.05.Stockholders who wish to avail themselves of the share repurchase programSRP for shares of our Class C common stock or Class S shares, as applicable,common stock must notify us as provided on their on-line dashboard at www.RichUncles.com.www.modiv.com. All requests for repurchase must be received by us at least two business days before the end of a month in order for the repurchase to be considered in the following month. Share repurchase requests may be withdrawn, provided theythat such withdrawal requests are received by our Advisorus at least two business days prior to the end of a month. Shares will generally be repurchased by the third business day of the following month. Pursuant to our current share repurchase programs,SRP, share repurchases may be funded by (a) distribution reinvestment proceeds, (b) the prior or future sale of shares, (c) operating cash flow not intended for distributions, (d) indebtedness, including a line of credit and traditional mortgage financing, and (e) capital transactions, such as asset sales or refinancings.sales.
Our board
of directors may amend, suspend or terminate our
Class C share repurchase program or Class S share repurchase programSRPs upon
3010 days’ notice to
Class Cour stockholders
or Class S stockholders, respectively, ifif: (a) the board
of directors believes such action is in our and such stockholders’ best interests, including because share repurchases place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations, adversely affect stockholders whose shares are not repurchased, or if the board
of directors determines that the funds otherwise available to fund our share repurchases are needed for other
purposes,purposes; (b) due to changes in law or
regulation,regulation; or (c) the board
of directors becomes aware of undisclosed material information that it believes should be publicly disclosed before shares are repurchased.
SeeItem 5. Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities—Share Repurchase Program, for more information about the program.We may, at some future date, seek to list our
Class C or Class S shares
of common stock on a national securities exchange to create a secondary market for our stock, but we have no current plan to do so, and for the foreseeable future stockholders should assume that the only available avenue to sell their
Class C or Class S shares will be our
share repurchase programs,SRPs described above.
Our investors’ interest in us
couldwill be diluted if we issue additional shares, which could reduce the overall value of their investment.
Our
common stockholders do not have preemptive rights to any shares we issue in the future. Our charter currently authorizes us to issue 450,000,000 shares of capital stock, of which 400,000,000 shares are designated as common stock with 300,000,000 shares being designated as Class C common stock and 100,000,000 shares being designated as Class S common stock. In August 2017, our board of directors increased the number of authorized shares of common stock without stockholder approval to facilitate an offering by us of up to 100,000,000 shares of Class S common stock exclusively to non-U.S. persons as defined under Rule 903 promulgated under the Securities Act pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act under and in accordance with Regulation S thereunder. In the future, our board of directors may further increase the number of authorized shares of common stock without stockholder
approval and after investors purchase shares in the Offerings.approval. For example,
after our investors purchase shares in the Registered Offering, our board
of directors may
elect toauthorize us to: (i) sell additional shares
in this or in future public offerings, including through our
distribution reinvestment plan;DRP; (ii) issue equity interests in private offerings; (iii)
issue shares to our Advisor and/or Sponsor, or their successors or assigns, in payment of outstanding fee obligations; (iv) issue shares of our common stock to sellers of properties or assets we acquire in connection with an exchange of limited partnership interests of the Operating Partnership;
(iv) issue shares of our common stock in connection with the acquisition of another company or
its assets; (v)
issue units of limited partnership interests of the Operating Partnership, which are convertible into shares of our Class C common stock in connection with a long term incentive plan; or (vi) otherwise issue additional shares of our capital stock. To the extent we issue additional equity interests after our investors purchase shares,
whether in this or future primary offerings, including the Regulation S offering described above, pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan or otherwise, our investors’ percentage ownership interest in us would be diluted. In addition, depending upon the terms and pricing of any additional issuance of shares, the use of the proceeds and the value of our real estate investments, our investors could also experience dilution in the book value and NAV of their shares and in the earnings and distributions per share.
Payment of fees to our Advisor, Sponsor and their affiliates reduces cash available for investment and distribution to our stockholders and increases the risk that our stockholders will not be able to recover the amount of their investment in our shares.
Our Advisor, Sponsor and their affiliates perform services for us in connection with the selection and acquisition of our real estate investments, the management and leasing of our real estate properties, the administration of our real estate-related investments and the disposition of our real estate investments. We pay them substantial fees for these services, which results in immediate dilution of the value of our stockholders’ investment and reduces the amount of cash available for investment or distribution to stockholders. Compensation to be paid to our Advisor may be increased subject to approval by our conflicts committee and the other limitations in our charter, which would further dilute our stockholders’ investment and reduce the amount of cash available for investment or distribution to stockholders.
If we are unable to obtain funding for future capital needs, cash distributions to
our stockholders and the value of our investments could decline.
When tenants do not renew their leases or otherwise vacate their space, we will often need to expend substantial funds for improvements to the vacated space in order to attract replacement tenants. Even when tenants do renew their leases, we may agree to make improvements to their space as part of our negotiations. If we need additional capital in the future to improve or maintain our properties or for any other reason, we may have to obtain funding from sources other than our cash flow from operations or proceeds from our
distribution reinvestment plans,DRP, such as borrowings or future equity offerings. These sources of funding may not be available on attractive terms, or at all. If we cannot procure additional funding for capital improvements, our investments may generate lower cash flows or decline in value, or both, which would limit our ability to make distributions to
our stockholders and could reduce the value of
our stockholders’ investment in us.
Although we will not currently
Our board of directors may, in the future, adopt certain measures under Maryland law without stockholder approval that may have the effect of making it less likely that a stockholder would receive a “control premium” for his or her shares.
Corporations organized under Maryland law with a class of registered securities and at least three independent directors are permitted to elect to be affordedsubject, by a charter or bylaw provision or a board of directors resolution and notwithstanding any contrary charter or bylaw provision, to any or all of five provisions:
•staggering the protectionboard of directors into three classes;
•requiring a two-thirds vote of stockholders to remove directors;
•providing that only the board of directors can fix the size of the Maryland General Corporation Law relating to deterringboard;
•providing that all vacancies on the board, regardless of how the vacancy was created, may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors in office and for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred; and
•providing for a majority requirement for the calling of a special meeting of stockholders.
These provisions may discourage an extraordinary transaction, such as a merger, tender offer or defending hostile takeovers,sale of all or substantially all of our assets, all of which might provide a premium price for stockholders’ shares. In our charter, we have elected that vacancies on our board of directors could optbe filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred. Through other provisions in our charter and bylaws, we vest in our board of directors the exclusive power to fix the number of directorships, provided that the number is not less than three or more than 15. We have not elected to be subject to any of the other provisions described above, but our charter does not prohibit our board of directors from opting into any of these provisions of Maryland law in the future, whichfuture.
Further, under the Maryland Business Combination Act, we may
discourage others from tryingnot engage in any merger or other business combination with an “interested stockholder” (which is defined as (1) any person who beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of the voting power of our outstanding voting stock and (2) an affiliate or associate of ours who, at any time within the two-year period prior to
acquire controlthe date in question, was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of
us and may prevent10% or more of the voting power of our
stockholders from receivingthen outstanding voting stock) or any affiliate of that interested stockholder for a
premium price for their stock in connection with a business combination.Under Maryland law, “business combinations” between a Maryland corporation and certain interested stockholders or affiliatesperiod of interested stockholders are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomesbecame an interested stockholder. A person is not an interested stockholder if our board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which he, she or it would otherwise have become an interested stockholder. In approving a transaction, our board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms or conditions determined by our board of directors. After the five-year period ends, any merger or other business combination with the interested stockholder or any affiliate of the interested stockholder must be recommended by our board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:
•80% of all votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of our voting stock; and
•two-thirds of all of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of our voting stock other than those shares owned or held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder.
These business combinations includesuper-majority voting requirements do not apply if, among other things, stockholders receive a merger, consolidation, share exchange,minimum payment for their common stock equal to the highest price paid by the interested stockholder for his, her or in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. Also, under its shares.
Maryland law controllimits, in some cases, the ability of a third party to vote shares acquired in a “control share acquisition.”
The Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act provides that “control shares” of a Maryland corporation acquired in a
control“control share
acquisitionacquisition” have no voting rights except to the extent approved
by stockholders by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Shares
of stock owned by the acquirer,
an officer of the corporationby officers or
an employee of the corporationby employees who
is also a directorare directors of the corporation, are excluded from
theshares entitled to vote on
whetherthe matter. “Control shares” are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other shares of stock owned by the acquirer or in respect of which the acquirer can exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the acquirer to
accordexercise voting
rightspower in electing directors within specified ranges of voting power. Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval or shares acquired directly from the corporation. A “control share acquisition” means the acquisition of issued and outstanding control shares. The control share acquisition statute does not apply: (1) to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the Maryland corporation is a party to the
control shares. Should our board of directors opt into these provisions of Maryland law, it may discourage others from tryingtransaction; or (2) to
acquire control of us and increaseacquisitions approved or exempted by the
difficulty of consummating any offer. Similarly, provisions of Title 3, Subtitle 8charter or bylaws of the Maryland
General Corporation Law could provide similar anti-takeover protection.
We are subject to risks relating to litigation and regulatory liability.
We face legal risks in our businesses, including risks related to the securities laws and regulations across various state and federal jurisdictions. Non-traded REITs have been the subject of increased scrutiny by regulators and media outlets resulting from inquiries and investigations initiated by FINRAthe Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) and the Securities and Exchange Commission. SEC.
In March, April and May 2016, our affiliate, Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment TrustREIT I, sold shares of its stock in excess of the amount which it had registered for sale in California, resulting in a violation of the registration requirements of the California Securities Law of 1968. To remedy this, Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment TrustREIT I reported the sales in excess of the California permit to the Department of Business Oversight and made a repurchase offer pursuant to the California securities law to those investors who had purchased shares in excess of the permit.
In addition, beginning in 2017, the SEC conducted an investigation related to, among other things, the advertising and sale of securities in connection with the Offerings and compliance with broker-dealer regulations. BrixInvest proposed a settlement of the investigation with the SEC and, on September 26, 2019, the SEC accepted the settlement and entered an order (the “Order”) instituting proceedings against BrixInvest pursuant to Section 8A of the Securities Act and Section 21C of the Exchange Act. Under the settlement, BrixInvest, without denying or admitting any substantive findings in the Order, consented to entry of the Order, finding violations by it of Section 5(b)(1) of the Securities Act and Section 15(a) of the Exchange Act.
Under the terms of the Order, BrixInvest agreed to: (i) cease and desist from committing or causing any future violations of Section 5(b) of the Securities Act and Section 15(a) of the Exchange Act; (ii) pay, and has paid, to the SEC a civil money penalty in the amount of $300,000; and (iii) undertake that any REIT that is or was formed, organized or advised by it, including our Company, will not distribute securities except through a registered broker-dealer. We engaged NCPS as our registered broker-dealer commencing January 2, 2020.
Violations of state and federal securities registration laws may result in contingent liabilities to purchasers for sales of unregistered securities and may also subject the seller to fines and penalties by securities regulatory agencies. It is possible that we and our affiliates could be subject to sanctions or to similar liabilities in the future, should another violation of securities registration requirements occur. A finding of such a violation could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. See also “
General Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate
Pandemics or other health crises, such as the recent outbreak of COVID-19, may adversely affect our business and/or operations, our tenants’ financial condition and the profitability of our retail properties.
Our business and/or operations and the businesses of our tenants could be materially and adversely affected by the risks, or the public perception of the risks, related to a pandemic or other health crisis, such as the recent outbreak of COVID-19. The
SEC’s ongoing investigation may require significant Advisor management timeprofitability of our retail properties depends, in part, on the willingness of customers to visit our tenants’ businesses. The risk, or public perception of the risk, of a pandemic or media coverage of infectious diseases could cause employees or customers to avoid our properties, which could adversely affect foot traffic to our tenants’ businesses and
attention, resultour tenants’ ability to adequately staff their businesses. Most of the states in
significant legal expenses which we operate have issued orders to close certain retail establishments. Such events have adversely impacted tenants’ sales and/or
damagescaused the temporary closure or slowdown of our tenants’ businesses, which has severely disrupted their operations and could
adversely affecthave a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations”above.General Risks Relatedoperations. Similarly, the potential effects of quarantined employees of office tenants may adversely impact their businesses and affect their ability to Investments in Real Estate
pay rent on a timely basis.
Economic, market and regulatory changes that impact the real estate market generally may decrease the value of our investments and weaken our operating results.
Our operating results and the performance of the properties we acquire are subject to the risks typically associated with real estate, any of which could decrease the value of our investments and could weaken our operating results, including:
| · | downturns in national, regional and local economic conditions; |
| · | competition from other commercial buildings; |
| · | adverse local conditions, such as oversupply or reduction in demand for commercial buildings and changes in real estate zoning laws that may reduce the desirability of real estate in an area; |
| · | vacancies, changes in market rental rates and the need to periodically repair, renovate and re-let space; |
| · | changes in interest rates and the availability of permanent mortgage financing, which may render the sale of a property or loan difficult or unattractive; |
| · | changes in tax (including real and personal property tax), real estate, environmental and zoning laws; |
| · | we rely on information technology in our operations, and any material failure, inadequacy, interruption or security failure of that technology could harm our business; |
| · | natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes and floods; |
| · | acts of war or terrorism, including the consequences of terrorist attacks, such as those that occurred on September 11, 2001; |
| · | the potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses; and |
| · | periods of high interest rates and tight money supply. |
•downturns in national, regional and local economic conditions, particularly a likely recession in response to the COVID-19 virus;
•competition from other commercial developments;
•adverse local conditions, such as oversupply or reduction in demand for commercial buildings and changes in real estate zoning laws that may reduce the desirability of real estate in an area;
•vacancies, changes in market rental rates and the need to periodically repair, renovate and re-let space;
•changes in interest rates and the availability of permanent mortgage financing, which may render the sale of a property or loan difficult or unattractive;
•changes in tax (including real and personal property tax), real estate, environmental and zoning laws;
•material failures, inadequacy, interruptions or security failures of the technology on which our operations rely;
•natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes and floods;
•acts of war or terrorism, including the consequences of terrorist attacks;
•a pandemic or other public health crisis (such as the recent COVID-19 virus outbreak);
•the potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses; and
•periods of high interest rates and tight money supply.
Any of the above factors, or a combination thereof, could result in a decrease in our cash flow from operations and a decrease in the value of our investments, which would have an adverse effect on our operations, on our ability to pay distributions to
our stockholders and on the value of
our stockholders’ investment.
We may obtain only limited warranties when we purchase a property.
The seller
We may finance properties with lock-out provisions, which may prohibit us from selling a property, or may require us to maintain specified debt levels for a period of years on some properties.
Lock-out provisions are provisions that generally prohibit repayment of a loan balance for a certain number of years following the origination date of a loan. Such provisions are typically provided by
the code or the terms of the agreement underlying a loan. Lock-out provisions could materially restrict us from selling or otherwise disposing of or refinancing properties. These provisions would affect our ability to turn our investments into cash and thus affect cash available for share repurchases or distributions to stockholders. Lock-out provisions may prohibit us from reducing the outstanding indebtedness with respect to any properties, refinancing such indebtedness on a non-recourse basis at maturity, or increasing the amount of indebtedness with respect to such properties.
Lock-out provisions could impair our ability to take actions during the lock-out period that would otherwise be in
the stockholders’ best interests and, therefore, may have an adverse impact on the value of
thetheir shares, relative to the value that would result if the lock-out provisions did not exist. In particular, lock-out provisions could preclude us from participating in major transactions that could result in a disposition of our assets or a change in control even though that disposition or change in control might be in
the stockholders’ best interests.
Properties that become vacant could be difficult to re-lease or sell, which could diminish the return on these properties and adversely affect our cash flow and ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
Properties may incur vacancies either by the expiration and non-renewal of tenant leases or the default of tenants under their leases. If vacancies continue for a long period of time, we may suffer reduced revenues resulting in less cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
We intend to purchase properties with (or enter into, as necessary) long-term leases with tenants, which may not result in fair market rental rates over time.
We intend to purchase properties with (or enter into, as necessary) long-term leases with tenants and include renewal options that specify a maximum rate increase.
These leases would provide for rent to increase over time; however, if we do not accurately judge the potential for increases in market rental rates, we may set the terms of these long-term leases at levels such that, even after contractual rent increases, the rent under our long-term leases is less than then-current market rates. Further, we may have no ability to terminate those leases or to adjust the rent to then-prevailing market rates. As a result, our cash available for distribution could be lower than if we did not purchase properties with, or enter into, long-term leases.
We depend on tenants for our revenue generated by our real estate investments and, accordingly, our revenue generated by our real estate investments and our ability to make distributions to
our stockholders are dependent upon the success and economic viability of our tenants and our ability to retain and attract tenants. Non-renewals, terminations or lease defaults could reduce our net income and limit our ability to make distributions to
our stockholders.
The success of our real estate investments materially depends upon the financial stability of the tenants leasing the properties we own. The inability of a single major tenant or a significant number of smaller tenants to meet their rental obligations would significantly lower our net income. A non-renewal after the expiration of a lease term, termination or default by a tenant on its lease payments to us would cause us to lose the revenue associated with such lease and require us to find an alternative source of revenue to meet mortgage payments and prevent a foreclosure if the property is subject to a mortgage. In the event of a tenant default or bankruptcy, we may experience delays in enforcing our rights as landlord of a property and may incur substantial costs in protecting our investment and re-leasing the property. Tenants may have the right to terminate their leases upon the occurrence of certain customary events of default and, in other circumstances, may not renew their leases or, because of market conditions, may only be able to renew their leases on terms that are less favorable to us than the terms of their initial leases. Further, some of our assets may be outfitted to suit the particular needs of the tenants. We may have difficulty replacing the tenants of these properties if the outfitted space limits the types of businesses that could lease that space without major renovation. If a tenant does not renew, terminates or defaults on a lease, we may be unable to lease the property for the rent previously received or sell the property without incurring a loss. These events could cause us to reduce distributions to stockholders.
The bankruptcy or insolvency of our tenants or delays by our tenants in making rental payments
(including bankruptcies and insolvencies caused by the recent COVID-19 pandemic) could seriously harm our operating results and financial condition.
Any bankruptcy filings by or relating to any of our tenants could bar us from collecting pre-bankruptcy debts from that tenant
(including tenants whose business and operations are severely impacted by the recent COVID-19 pandemic), unless we receive an order permitting us to do so from the bankruptcy court. A tenant bankruptcy could delay our efforts to collect past due balances under the relevant leases, and could ultimately preclude full collection of these sums. If a lease is rejected by a tenant in bankruptcy, we would have only a general unsecured claim for damages. Any unsecured claim we hold against a bankrupt entity may be paid only to the extent that funds are available and only in the same percentage as is paid to all other holders of unsecured claims. We may recover substantially less than the full value of any unsecured claims, which would harm our financial condition.
Actions of our potential future tenants-in-common could reduce the returns on tenants-in-common investments and decrease
our stockholders’ overall return.
We may enter into tenants-in-common or other joint ownership structures with third parties to acquire properties and other assets. Such investments may involve risks not otherwise present with other methods of investment, including, for example, the following risks:
| · | our co-owner in an investment could become insolvent or bankrupt; |
| · | our co-owner may at any time have economic or business interests or goals that are or that become inconsistent with our business interests or goals; |
| · | our co-owner may be in a position to take action contrary to our instructions or requests or contrary to our policies or objectives; or |
| · | disputes between us and our co-owner may result in litigation or arbitration that would increase our expenses and prevent our officers and directors from focusing their time and effort on our operations. |
•our co-owner in an investment could become insolvent or bankrupt;
•our co-owner may at any time have economic or business interests or goals that are or that become inconsistent with our business interests or goals;
•our co-owner may be in a position to take action contrary to our instructions or requests or contrary to our policies or objectives; or
•disputes between us and our co-owner may result in litigation or arbitration that would increase our expenses and prevent our officers and directors from focusing their time and effort on our operations.
While we intend that any co-ownership investment that we enter into will be subject to a co-ownership contractual arrangement that will address some or all of the above issues, any of the above might still subject a property to liabilities in excess of those contemplated and thus reduce our returns on that investment and the value of stockholders’ investment in us.
Costs imposed pursuant to laws and governmental regulations may reduce our net income and our cash available for distribution to
our stockholders.
Real property and the operations conducted on real property are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to protection of the environment and human health. We could be subject to liability in the form of fines, penalties or damages for noncompliance with these laws and regulations. These laws and regulations generally govern wastewater discharges, air emissions, the operation and removal of underground and above-ground storage tanks, the use, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of solid and hazardous materials, the remediation of contamination associated with the release or disposal of solid and hazardous materials, the presence of toxic building materials and other health and safety-related concerns.
Some of these laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on the tenants, owners or operators of real property for the costs to investigate or remediate contaminated properties, regardless of fault, whether the contamination occurred prior to purchase, or whether the acts causing the contamination were legal. Activities of our tenants, the condition of properties at the time we buy them, operations in the vicinity of our properties, such as the presence of underground storage tanks, or activities of unrelated third parties may affect our properties.
The presence of hazardous substances, or the failure to properly manage or remediate these substances, may hinder our ability to sell, rent or pledge such property as collateral for future borrowings. Any material expenditures, fines, penalties or damages we must pay will reduce our ability to pay distributions to
our stockholders and may reduce the value of
our stockholders’ investment in us.
The costs of defending against claims of environmental liability, of complying with environmental regulatory requirements, of remediating any contaminated property or of paying personal injury or other damage claims could reduce our cash available for distribution to
our stockholders.
Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous real property owner or operator may be liable for the cost of removing or remediating hazardous or toxic substances on, under or in such property. These costs could be substantial. Such laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. Environmental laws also may impose liens on property or restrictions on the manner in which property may be used or businesses may be operated, and these restrictions may require substantial expenditures or prevent us from entering into leases with prospective tenants that may be impacted by such laws. Environmental laws provide for sanctions for noncompliance and may be enforced by governmental agencies or, in certain circumstances, by private parties. Certain environmental laws and common law principles could be used to impose liability for the release of and exposure to hazardous substances, including asbestos-containing materials and lead-based paint. Third parties may seek recovery from real property owners or operators for personal injury or property damage associated with exposure to released hazardous substances and governments may seek recovery for natural resource damage. The costs of defending against claims of environmental liability, of complying with environmental regulatory requirements, of remediating any contaminated property, or of paying personal injury, property damage or natural resource damage claims could reduce our cash available for distribution to
our stockholders.
We intend that most if not all of our real estate acquisitions be subject to Phase I environmental assessments prior to the time they are acquired; however, such assessments may not provide complete environmental histories due, for example, to limited available information about prior operations at the properties or other gaps in information at the time we acquire the property. A Phase I environmental assessment is an initial environmental investigation to identify potential environmental liabilities associated with the current and past uses of a given property. If any of our properties were found to contain hazardous or toxic substances after our acquisition, the value of our investment could decrease below the amount paid for such investment.
Costs associated with complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act may decrease our cash available for distribution.
Our properties may be subject to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended, or the Disabilities Act. Under the Disabilities Act, all places of public accommodation are required to comply with federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. The Disabilities Act has separate compliance requirements for “public accommodations” and “commercial facilities” that generally require that buildings and services be made accessible and available to people with disabilities. The Disabilities Act’s requirements could require removal of access barriers and could result in the imposition of injunctive relief, monetary penalties or, in some cases, an award of damages. Any funds used for Disabilities Act compliance will reduce our net income and the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
Uninsured losses relating to real property could reduce our cash flow from operations and the return on our stockholders’ investment in us.
We expect that most of the properties we acquire will be subject to leases requiring the tenants thereunder to be financially responsible for property liability and casualty insurance. However, there are types of losses, generally catastrophic in nature, such as losses due to pandemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, wars, acts of terrorism, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, pollution or environmental matters that are uninsurable and/or thatfor which the tenants are not contractually obligated to provide insurance for.insurance. In such instances, we may be required to provide other financial support, either through financial assurances or self-insurance, to cover potential losses.
We may not have adequate coverage for such losses. If any of our properties incurs a casualty loss that is not fully insured, the value of our assets will be reduced by any such uninsured loss, which will reduce the value of stockholders' investment in us. In addition, other than any working capital reserve and other reserves we may establish, we have limited sources of funding to repair or reconstruct any uninsured property.
Other general real estate risks include those set forth below.
| · | If we sell properties by providing financing to purchasers, defaults by the purchasers would adversely affect our cash flows. |
| · | If we purchase an option to acquire a property but do not exercise the option, we likely would forfeit the amount we paid for such option, which would reduce the amount of cash we have available to make other investments. |
| · | We may not have funding for future tenant improvements, which may adversely affect the value of our assets, our results of operations and returns to our stockholders. |
| · | We depend on the availability of public utilities and services, especially for water and electric power. Any reduction, interruption or cancellation of these services may adversely affect us. |
| · | We may be required to reimburse tenants for overpayments of estimated operating expenses. |
Changes in accounting pronouncements may materially and adversely affect our tenants’ credit quality and our ability to secure long-term leases and renewal options.
The FASB issued a new accounting standard, effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 for public business entities and December 15, 2019 for non-public business entities, that requires companies to capitalize all leases on their balance sheets by recognizing a lessee’s rights and obligations. Many companies that accounted for certain leases on an ‘‘off balance sheet’’ basis are now required to account for such leases ‘‘on balance sheet.’’ This change removed many of the differences in the way companies account for owned property and leased property, and could have a material effect on various aspects of our tenants’ businesses, including their credit quality and the factors they consider in deciding whether to own or lease properties. The new standard could cause companies that lease properties to prefer shorter lease terms, in an effort to reduce the leasing liability required to be recorded on their balance sheets. The new standard could also make lease renewal options less attractive, as, under certain circumstances, the rule would require a tenant to assume that a renewal right will be exercised and accrue a liability relating to the longer lease term.
Risks Related to Investments in Single Tenant Real Estate
Most of our
Our current properties will depend upon a single tenant for their rental income, and our financial condition and ability to make distributions may be adversely affected by the bankruptcy or insolvency, a downturn in the business, or a tenant’s lease termination.
We
While we plan to expand our investment criteria to include a diversified portfolio of real estate and real estate-related investments, we initially expect that most of our properties will be occupied by only one tenant or will derive a majority of their rental income from one tenant and, therefore, the success of those properties will be materially dependent on the financial stability of such tenants. Lease payment defaults by tenants could cause us to reduce the amount of distributions we pay. A default of a tenant on its lease payments to us and the potential resulting vacancy would cause us to lose the revenue from the property and force us to find an alternative source of revenue to meet any mortgage payment and prevent a foreclosure if the property is subject to a mortgage. In the event of a default, we may experience delays in enforcing our rights as landlord and may incur substantial costs in protecting our investment and re-letting the property. If a lease is terminated or an existing tenant elects not to renew a lease upon its expiration, there is no assurance that we will be able to lease the property for the rent previously received or sell the property without incurring a loss. A default by a tenant, the failure of a guarantor to fulfill its obligations or other premature termination of a lease, or a tenant’s election not to extend a lease upon its expiration, could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and our ability to pay distributions.
If a tenant declares bankruptcy, we may be unable to collect balances due under relevant leases.
Any of our tenants, or any guarantor of a tenant’s lease obligations, could be subject to a bankruptcy proceeding pursuant to Title 11 of the bankruptcy laws of the United States. Such a bankruptcy filing would bar all efforts by us to collect pre-bankruptcy debts from these entities or their properties, unless we receive an enabling order from the bankruptcy court. Post-bankruptcy debts would be paid currently. If a lease is assumed, all pre-bankruptcy balances owing under it must be paid in full. If a lease is rejected by a tenant in bankruptcy, we would have a general unsecured claim for damages. If a lease is rejected, it is unlikely we would receive any payments from the tenant because our claim is capped at the rent reserved under the lease, without acceleration, for the greater of one year or 15% of the remaining term of the lease, but not greater than three years, plus rent already due but unpaid. This claim could be paid only in the event funds were available, and then only in the same percentage as that realized on other unsecured claims.
A tenant or lease guarantor bankruptcy could delay efforts to collect past due balances under the relevant leases, and could ultimately preclude full collection of these sums. Such an event could cause a decrease or cessation of rental payments that would mean a reduction in our cash flow and the amount available for distributions to stockholders. In the event of a bankruptcy, we cannot assure stockholders that the tenant or its trustee will assume our lease. If a given lease, or guaranty of a lease, is not assumed, our cash flow and the amounts available for distributions to stockholders may be adversely affected. Further, our lenders may have a first priority claim to any recovery under the leases, any guarantees and any credit support, such as security deposits and letters of credit.
Net leases may not result in fair market lease rates over time.
We expect most of our rental income to come from net leases. Net leases typically
contain (1)contain: (i) longer lease terms;
(2)(ii) fixed rental rate increases during the primary term of the lease; and
(3)(iii) fixed rental rates for initial renewal options, and, thus, there is an increased risk that these contractual lease terms will fail to result in fair market rental rates if fair market rental rates increase at a greater rate than the fixed rental rate increases.
Our real estate investments may include special use single tenant properties that may be difficult to sell or re-lease upon tenant defaults or early lease terminations.
We focus our investments on commercial properties, a number of which will be special use, single tenant properties. With these properties, if the current lease is terminated or not renewed, we may be required to renovate the property or to make rent concessions in order to lease the property to another tenant or sell the property. In addition, in the event we are forced to sell the property, we may have difficulty selling it to a party other than the tenant or borrower due to the special purpose for which the property may have been designed. These and other limitations may affect our ability to sell or re-lease properties and adversely affect returns to stockholders.
A high concentration of our properties in a particular geographic area, or that have tenants in a similar industry, would magnify the effects of downturns in that geographic area or industry.
In the event that we have a concentration of properties in any particular geographic area, any adverse situation that disproportionately affects that geographic area would have a magnified adverse effect on our portfolio. Similarly, if our tenants are concentrated in a certain industry or industries, any adverse effect to that industry generally would have a disproportionately adverse effect on our portfolio.
If a sale-leaseback transaction is recharacterized in a tenant’s bankruptcy proceeding, our financial condition could be adversely affected.
We may enter into sale-leaseback transactions, whereby we would purchase a property and then lease the same property back to the person from whom we purchased it. In the event of the bankruptcy of a tenant, a transaction structured as a sale-leaseback may be recharacterized as either a financing or a joint venture, either of which outcomes could adversely affect our business. If the sale-leaseback were recharacterized as a financing, we might not be considered the owner of the property, and as a result would have the status of a creditor in relation to the tenant. In that event, we would no longer have the right to sell or encumber our ownership interest in the property. Instead, we would have a claim against the tenant for the amounts owed under the lease, with the claim arguably secured by the property. The tenant/debtor might have the ability to propose a plan restructuring the term, interest rate and amortization schedule of its outstanding balance. If confirmed by the bankruptcy court, we could be bound by the new terms, and prevented from foreclosing our lien on the property. If the sale-leaseback were recharacterized as a joint venture, our lessee and we could be treated as co-venturers with regard to the property. As a result, we could be held liable, under some circumstances, for debts incurred by the lessee relating to the property. Either of these outcomes could adversely affect our cash flow and the amount available for distributions to stockholders.
Risks Associated with Debt Financing
We obtain lines of credit, mortgage indebtedness and other borrowings, which increases our risk of loss due to potential foreclosure.
We obtain lines of credit and long-term financing that may be secured by our properties and other assets. In
somemost instances, we acquire real properties by financing a portion of the price of the properties and mortgaging or pledging some or all of the properties purchased as security for that debt. We may also incur mortgage debt on properties that we already own in order to obtain funds to acquire additional properties, to fund property improvements and other capital expenditures, to pay distributions and for other purposes. In addition, we may borrow as necessary or advisable to ensure that we maintain our qualification as a REIT for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, including borrowings to satisfy the REIT requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to
our stockholders (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding net capital gain). However, we can give
our stockholders no assurance that we will be able to obtain such borrowings on satisfactory terms or at all.
If we do mortgage a property and there is a shortfall between the cash flow generated by that property and the cash flow needed to service mortgage debt on that property, then the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders may be reduced. In addition, incurring mortgage debt increases the risk of loss of a property since defaults on indebtedness secured by a property may result in lenders initiating foreclosure actions. In that case, we could lose the property securing the loan that is in default, reducing the value of our stockholders’ investment in us. For tax purposes, a foreclosure of any of our properties would be treated as a sale of the property for a purchase price equal to the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage. If the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage exceeds our tax basis in the property, we would recognize taxable income on foreclosure even though we would not necessarily receive any cash proceeds. We may give full or partial guarantees to lenders of mortgage or other debt on behalf of the entities that own our properties. When we give a guaranty on behalf of an entity that owns one of our properties, we will be responsible to the lender for satisfaction of all or a part of the debt or other amounts related to the debt if it is not paid by such entity. If any mortgages contain cross-collateralization or cross-default provisions, a default on a mortgage secured by a single property could affect mortgages secured by other properties.
We may utilize repurchase agreements as a component of our financing strategy. Repurchase agreements economically resemble short-term, variable-rate financing and usually require the maintenance of specific
loan-to- collateralloan-to-collateral value ratios. If the market value of the assets subject to a repurchase agreement declines, we may be required to provide additional collateral or make cash payments to maintain the required loan-to-collateral value ratios. If we are unable to provide such collateral or cash repayments, we may lose our economic interest in the underlying assets.
We may also obtain recourse debt to finance our acquisitions and meet our REIT distribution requirements. If we have insufficient income to service our recourse debt obligations, our lenders could institute proceedings against us to foreclose upon our assets. If a lender successfully forecloses upon any of our assets, our ability to pay cash distributions to
our stockholders will be limited and
the value of our
stockholdersshares could
lose money.Highdecrease.
Increases in mortgage rates or changes in underwriting standards may make it difficult for us to finance or refinance properties, which could reduce the number of properties we can acquire, our cash flow from operations and the amount of cash available for distribution to
our stockholders.
If mortgage debt is unavailable at reasonable rates, we may not be able to finance the purchase of properties. If we place mortgage debt on a property, we run the risk of being unable to refinance part or all of the debt when it becomes due or of being unable to refinance on favorable terms. If interest rates are higher when we refinance properties subject to mortgage debt, our income could be reduced. We may be unable to refinance or may only be able to partly refinance properties if underwriting standards, including loan to value ratios and yield requirements, among other requirements, are
more strictstricter than when we originally financed the properties. If any of these events occurs, our cash flow could be reduced and/or we might have to pay down existing mortgages. This, in turn, would reduce cash available for distribution to
our stockholders, could cause us to require additional capital and may hinder our ability to raise capital by issuing more stock or by borrowing more money.
We may use leverage in connection with any real estate investments we make, which increases the risk of loss associated with this type of investment.
We may finance the acquisition of certain real estate-related investments with warehouse lines of credit and repurchase agreements. Although the use of leverage may enhance returns and increase the number of investments that we can make, it may also substantially increase the risk of loss. There can be no assurance that leveraged financing will be available to us on favorable terms or that, among other factors, the terms of such financing will parallel the maturities of the leases in underlying assets acquired. If alternative financing is not available, we may have to liquidate assets at unfavorable prices to pay off such financing. The return on our investments and cash available for distribution to
our stockholders may be reduced to the extent that changes in market conditions cause the cost of our financing to increase relative to the income that we can derive from the assets we acquire.
Our debt service payments will reduce our cash available for distribution. We may not be able to meet our debt service obligations and, to the extent that we cannot, we risk the loss of some or all of our assets to foreclosure or sale to satisfy our debt obligations. If we utilize repurchase financing and if the market value of the assets subject to a repurchase agreement declines, we may be required to provide additional collateral or make cash payments to maintain the required loan-to-collateral value ratio. If we are unable to provide such collateral or cash repayments, we may lose our economic interest in the underlying assets. Further, credit facility providers and warehouse facility providers may require us to maintain a certain amount of cash reserves or to set aside unleveraged assets sufficient to maintain a specified liquidity position that would allow us to satisfy our collateral obligations. As a result, we may not be able to leverage our assets as fully as we would choose, which could reduce our return on assets. In the event that we are unable to meet these collateral obligations, our financial condition could deteriorate rapidly.
We may not be able to access financing sources on attractive terms, which could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan.
We may finance our assets over the long-term through a variety of means, including repurchase agreements, credit facilities, issuances of commercial mortgage-backed securities and other structured financings. Our ability to execute this strategy will depend on various conditions in the markets for financing in this manner that are beyond our control, including lack of liquidity and greater credit spreads. We cannot be certain that these markets will remain an efficient source of long-term financing for our assets. If our strategy is not viable, we will have to find alternative forms of long-term financing for our assets, as secured revolving credit facilities and repurchase agreements may not accommodate long-term financing. This could subject us to more recourse indebtedness and the risk that debt service on less efficient forms of financing would require a larger portion of our cash flow, thereby reducing cash available for distribution to
our stockholders and funds available for operations as well as for future business opportunities.
Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to pay distributions to
our stockholders.
When providing financing, a lender may impose restrictions on us that affect our distribution and operating policies and our ability to incur additional debt. Loan agreements into which we enter may contain covenants that limit our ability to further mortgage a property or that prohibit us from discontinuing insurance coverage or replacing our Advisor.coverage. These or other limitations would decrease our operating flexibility and our ability to achieve our operating objectives and limit our ability to pay distributions to stockholders.
Subject to certain restrictions in our
stockholders.
Increases in interest rates would increase the amount of our debt payments and limit our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
We may incur variable rate debt. Increases in interest rates will increase the cost of that debt, which could reduce our cash flow from operations and the cashcharter, we have available for distribution to our stockholders. In addition, if we need to repay existing debt during periods of rising interest rates, we could be required to liquidate one or more of our investments at times that may not permit realization of the maximum return on such investments.
We have broad authority to incur debt and debt levels could hinder our ability to make distributions and decrease the value of our stockholders’ investment in us.
We
Our charter limits the amount we may
incur debt untilborrow to 300% of our
total liabilities would exceednet assets. In March 2020, our board of directors approved an increase in our maximum leverage from 50%
to 55% to allow us to take advantage of the
current low interest rate environment, the relative cost of
our tangible assets (before deducting depreciation or other noncash reservesdebt and
without taking into account borrowings relatingequity capital, and strategic borrowing advantages potentially available to
the initial acquisition of properties that are outstanding under a revolving credit facility or similar agreement) and we may exceed this limit with the approval of the majority of our conflicts committee.us. Our borrowings on one or more individual properties may exceed
50%55% of their individual cost, so long as our overall leverage does not exceed
50%55%.
Our charter limits our borrowing to 50% of our net assets (equivalent to 50% of the cost of our assets) unlessWe may exceed this limit only if any excess borrowing is approved by a majority of our
conflicts committeeindependent directors and is disclosed to
our stockholders in our next quarterly report, along with the justification for such excess. When calculating our use of leverage, we will not include borrowings relating to the initial acquisition of properties
and that are outstanding under a revolving credit facility (or similar agreement). There is no limitation on the amount we may borrow for the purchase of any single asset.
To hedge against interest rate fluctuations, we may use derivative financial instruments that may be costly and ineffective.
From time to time, we may use derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates on loans secured by our assets. Derivative instruments may include interest rate swap contracts, interest rate cap or floor contracts, futures or forward contracts, options or repurchase agreements. Our actual hedging decisions will be determined in light of the facts and circumstances existing at the time of the hedge and may differ from our currently anticipated hedging strategy. There is no assurance that our hedging strategy will achieve our objectives. We may be subject to costs, such as transaction fees or breakage costs, if we terminate these arrangements.
To the extent that we use derivative financial instruments to hedge against interest rate fluctuations, we will be exposed to credit risk, basis risk and legal enforceability risks. In this context, credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. If the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty owes us, which creates credit risk for us. Basis risk occurs when the index upon which the contract is based is more or less variable than the index upon which the hedged asset or liability is based, thereby making the hedge less effective.
Finally, legalLegal enforceability risks encompass general contractual risks including the risk that the counterparty will breach the terms of, or fail to perform its obligations under, the derivative contract.
As a result of the global credit crisis, thereThere is a risk that counterparties could fail, shut down, file for bankruptcy or be unable to pay out contracts. The failure of a counterparty that holds collateral that we post in connection with an interest rate swap agreement could result in the loss of that collateral.
Federal Income Tax Risks
Failure to qualify as a REIT would subject us to
U.S. federal income tax, which would reduce the cash available for distribution to
our stockholders.
We expect to operate in a manner that will allow us to continue to qualify as a REIT for
U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, the federal income tax laws governing REITs are extremely complex, and interpretations of the federal income tax laws governing qualification as a REIT are limited. Qualifying as a REIT requires us to meet various tests regarding the nature of our assets and our income, the ownership of our outstanding stock, and the amount of our distributions on an ongoing basis. While we intend to continue to operate so that we will qualify as a REIT, given the highly complex nature of the rules governing REITs, the ongoing importance of factual determinations, including the tax treatment of certain investments we may make, and the possibility of future changes in our circumstances, no assurance can be given that we will so qualify for any particular year. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any calendar year and we do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, we would be required to pay
U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income. We might need to borrow money or sell assets to pay that tax. Our payment of income tax would decrease the amount of our income available for distribution to
our stockholders. Furthermore, if we fail to maintain our qualification as a REIT and we do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, we no longer would be required to distribute substantially all of our REIT taxable income to
our stockholders. Unless our failure to qualify as a REIT were excused under federal tax laws, we would be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification was lost.
In addition, as a result of the Merger, if REIT I is determined to have lost its REIT status or not qualified as a REIT prior to the Merger, we will face serious tax consequences that would substantially reduce cash available for distribution, including cash available to pay dividends to our stockholders, because:
•REIT I would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its net income at regular corporate rates for the years it did not qualify for taxation as a REIT (and, for such years, would not be allowed a deduction for dividends paid to stockholders in computing its taxable income);
•REIT I could be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax and possibly increased state and local taxes for such periods;
•we would inherit any such liability, including any interest and penalties that have accrued on such federal income tax liabilities;
•we, if we were considered a “successor corporation” under the Internal Revenue Code and applicable Treasury Regulations, could not elect to be taxed as a REIT until the fifth taxable year following the year during which REIT I was disqualified; and
•for up to 5 years following re-election of REIT status, upon a taxable disposition of an asset owned as of such re-election, we could be subject to corporate level tax with respect to any built-in gain inherent in such asset at the time of re-election.
Moreover, if REIT I failed to qualify as a REIT prior to the Merger, but we nevertheless qualified as a REIT, in the event of a taxable disposition of a former REIT I asset during the five years following the Merger, we would be subject to corporate tax with respect to any built-in gain inherent in such asset as of the Merger. The failure of REIT I to qualify as a REIT prior to the Merger could impair our ability to remain qualified as a REIT, could impair our business and ability to raise capital, and would materially adversely affect the value of our stock.
Certain of our business activities are potentially subject to the prohibited transaction tax, which could reduce the return on our stockholders’ investment.
Our ability to dispose of a property during the first few years following its acquisition is restricted to a substantial extent as a result of our REIT status. Whether property is inventory or otherwise held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business depends on the particular facts and circumstances surrounding each property. Properties we own, directly or through any subsidiary entity, including our Operating Partnership, but generally excluding our taxable REIT subsidiaries, may, depending on how we conduct our operations, be treated as inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business. Under applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code regarding prohibited transactions by REITs, we would be subject to a 100% tax on any gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of any property (other than foreclosure property) that we own, directly or through any subsidiary entity, including our Operating Partnership, but generally excluding our taxable REIT subsidiaries, that is deemed to be inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of trade or business. Any taxes we pay would reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders. Our concern over paying the prohibited transactions tax may cause us to forgo disposition opportunities that would otherwise be advantageous if we were not a REIT.
Our stockholders may have current tax liability on distributions they elect to reinvest in our common stock.
If our stockholders participate in our
distribution reinvestment plan,DRP, they will be deemed to have received, and for
U.S. federal income tax purposes will be taxed on, the amount reinvested in shares of our common stock to the extent the amount reinvested was not a tax-free return of capital. In addition, our stockholders will be treated for
U.S. federal tax purposes as having received an additional distribution to the extent the shares are purchased at a discount to fair market value, if any. As a result, unless our stockholders are tax-exempt entities, they may have to use funds from other sources to pay their tax liability on the value of the shares of common stock received.
Even if we qualify as a REIT for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may be subject to other tax liabilities that reduce our cash flow and our ability to make distributions to
our stockholders.
Even if we qualify as a REIT for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may be subject to some federal, state and local taxes on our income or property. For example:
| · | In order to qualify as a REIT, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to our stockholders (which is determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction or net capital gain). To the extent that we satisfy the distribution requirement but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to federal corporate income tax on the undistributed income. |
| · | We will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which distributions we pay in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from prior years. |
| · | If we elect to treat property that we acquire in connection with certain leasehold terminations as “foreclosure property,” we may avoid the 100% tax on the gain from a resale of that property, but the income from the sale or operation of that property may be subject to corporate income tax at the highest applicable rate. |
| · | If we sell an asset that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, our gain would be subject to the 100% “prohibited transaction” tax unless such sale were made by one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries. |
•In order to qualify as a REIT, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to stockholders (which is determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction or net capital gain). To the extent that we satisfy the distribution requirement but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on the undistributed income.
•We will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which distributions we pay in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from prior years.
•If we elect to treat property that we acquire in connection with certain leasehold terminations as ‘‘foreclosure property,’’ we may avoid the 100% tax on the gain from a resale of that property, but the income from the sale or operation of that property may be subject to corporate income tax at the highest applicable rate.
•If we sell an asset, other than foreclosure property, that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, our gain would be subject to the 100% ‘‘prohibited transaction’’ tax unless such sale were made by one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries or the sale met certain ‘‘safe harbor’’ requirements under the Internal Revenue Code.
REIT distribution requirements could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan.
We generally must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, subject to certain adjustments and excluding any net capital gain, in order for
U.S. federal corporate income tax not to apply to earnings that we distribute. To the extent that we satisfy this distribution requirement but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to
U.S. federal corporate income tax on our undistributed REIT taxable income. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax if the actual amount that we pay out to our stockholders in a calendar year is less than a minimum amount specified under federal tax laws. We intend to make distributions to our stockholders to comply with the REIT requirements of the Internal Revenue Code.
From
time to time,time-to-time, we may generate taxable income greater than our income for financial reporting purposes, or our taxable income may be greater than our cash flow available for distribution to stockholders. If we do not have other funds available in these situations we could be required to borrow funds, sell investments at disadvantageous prices or find another alternative source of funds to make distributions sufficient to enable us to pay out enough of our taxable income to satisfy the REIT distribution requirements and to avoid corporate income tax and the 4% excise tax in a particular year. These alternatives could increase our costs or reduce our equity. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to operate solely on the basis of maximizing profits.
To maintain our REIT status, we may be forced to foregoforgo otherwise attractive business or investment opportunities, which may delay or hinder our ability to meet our investment objectives and reduce our stockholders’ overall return.
To
continue to qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy certain tests on an ongoing basis concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, nature of our assets and the amounts we distribute to
our stockholders. We may be required to make distributions to stockholders at times when it would be more advantageous to reinvest cash in our business or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution. Compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to operate solely on the basis of maximizing profits and reduce the value of
our stockholders’ investment.
Potential characterization
Distributions to tax-exempt stockholders may be classified as unrelated business taxable income.
Neither ordinary nor capital gain distributions with respect to the shares of distributions orour common stock nor gain onfrom the sale of the shares of our common stock should generally constitute unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) to a tax-exempt stockholder. However, there are certain exceptions to this rule. In particular:
•part of the income and gain recognized by certain qualified employee pension trusts with respect to our common stock may be treated as unrelated business taxableUBTI if the shares of our common stock are predominately held by qualified employee pension trusts, and we are required to rely on a special look-through rule for purposes of meeting one of the REIT share ownership tests, and we are not operated in a manner to avoid treatment of such income to tax-exempt investors.Ifor gain as UBTI;
•part of the income and gain recognized by a tax-exempt stockholder has incurred debtwith respect to purchase or holdthe shares of our common stock then a portionwould constitute UBTI if the stockholder incurs debt in order to acquire the shares of our common stock;
•part or all of the distributionsincome or gain recognized with respect to and gains realized on the saleshares of our common stock by such tax-exempt stockholder may be subject tosocial clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts and qualified group legal services plans which are exempt from U.S. federal income tax as unrelated business taxable incometaxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (9), (17) or (20) of the Internal Revenue Code.If we were considered to actuallyCode may be treated as UBTI; and
•part or constructively payall of the income and gain recognized by a “preferential dividend” to certain of our stockholders, our status as a REIT could be adversely affected.In order to qualify as a REIT, we must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income (excluding net capital gain), determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid. In order for distributions to be counted as satisfying the annual distribution requirements for REITs, and to provide us with a REIT-level tax deduction, the distribution must not be “preferential dividends.” A dividend is not a preferential dividend if the distribution is pro rata among all outstanding shares of stock within a particular class, and in accordance with the preferences among different classes of stock as set forth in our organizational documents. There is no de minimis exceptiontax-exempt stockholder with respect to preferential dividends; therefore, if the IRS were to take the position that we paid a preferential dividend, we may be deemed to have failed the 90% distribution test, andshares of our status as a REIT could be terminated for the year in which such determination is madecommon stock would constitute UBTI if we were unable to cure such failure.
directly or indirectly acquire a residual interest in certain mortgage loan securitization structures (i.e., a “taxable mortgage pool” or a residual interest in a real estate mortgage investment conduit (“REMIC”)).
Complying with REIT requirements may force us to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.
To
continue to qualify as a REIT, we must ensure that at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash items, government securities and qualified REIT real estate assets, including
investments in certain mortgage loans and residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities. The remainder of our investment in securities (other than government securities and qualified real estate assets) generally cannot include more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. In addition, in general, no more than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government securities and qualified real estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than
25%20% of the value of our total assets can be represented by securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. If we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of any calendar quarter, we must correct the failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT qualification and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate from our portfolio otherwise attractive investments. These actions could have the effect of reducing our income and amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.
Liquidation of assets may jeopardize our REIT qualification.
To
continue to qualify as a REIT, we must comply with requirements regarding our assets and our sources of income. If we are compelled to liquidate our investments to repay obligations to our lenders, we may be unable to comply with these requirements, ultimately jeopardizing our qualification as a REIT, or we may be subject to a 100% tax on any resultant gain if we sell assets that are treated as dealer property or inventory.
Characterization of any repurchase agreements we enter into to finance our investments as sales for tax purposes rather than as secured lending transactions would adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT.
We may enter into repurchase agreements with a variety of counterparties to achieve our desired amount of leverage for the assets in which we invest. When we enter into a repurchase agreement, we generally sell assets to our counterparty to the agreement and receive cash from the counterparty. The counterparty is obligated to resell the assets back to us at the end of the term of the transaction. We believe that for
U.S. federal income tax purposes we will be treated as the owner of the assets that are the subject of repurchase agreements and that the repurchase agreements will be treated as secured lending transactions notwithstanding that such agreement may transfer record ownership of the assets to the counterparty during the term of the agreement. It is possible, however, that the Internal Revenue Service could successfully assert that we did not own these assets during the term of the repurchase agreements, in which case we could fail to qualify as a REIT if tax ownership of these assets was necessary for us to meet the income and/or asset tests.
Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively.
The REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code may limit our ability to hedge our assets and operations. Under these provisions, any income that we generate from transactions intended to hedge our interest rate, inflation and/or currency risks will be excluded from gross income for purposes of the REIT 75% and 95% gross income tests if the instrument hedges (i) interest rate risk on liabilities incurred to carry or acquire real estate or (ii) risk of currency fluctuations with respect to any item of income or gain that would be qualifying income under the REIT 75% or 95% gross income tests, and such instrument is properly identified under applicable Treasury Regulations. Income from hedging transactions that do not meet these requirements will generally constitute nonqualifying income for purposes of both the REIT 75% and 95% gross income tests. As a result of these rules, we may have to limit our use of hedging techniques that might otherwise be advantageous, which could result in greater risks associated with interest rate or other changes than we would otherwise incur.
Ownership limitations may restrict change of control or business combination opportunities in which
our stockholders might receive a premium for their
Class C or Class S shares.common stock.
In order for us to qualify as a REIT for each taxable year, no more than 50% in value of our outstanding capital stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals during the last half of any calendar year.
“Individuals”‘‘Individuals’’ for this purpose include natural persons, and some entities such as private foundations. To preserve our REIT qualification,
among other purposes, our charter
as supplemented by actions of our board of directors generally prohibits any person from directly or indirectly owning more than 9.8%
in value of our
capitalcommon stock. This ownership limitation could have the effect of discouraging a takeover or other transaction in which
ourthe stockholders might receive a premium for their shares over the then prevailing market price or which
ourthe stockholders might believe to be otherwise in their best interests.
Our ownership of and relationship with our taxable REIT subsidiaries will be limited and a failure to comply with the limits would jeopardize our REIT status and may result in the application of a 100% excise tax.
A REIT may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. A taxable REIT subsidiary may earn income that would not be qualifying income if earned directly by the parent REIT. Both the subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the subsidiary as a taxable REIT subsidiary. A corporation of which a taxable REIT subsidiary directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value of the stock will automatically be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. Overall, no more than
25% (reducing to 20%
beginning in 2018) of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. A domestic taxable REIT subsidiary will pay federal, state and local income tax at regular corporate rates on any income that it earns. In addition, the taxable REIT subsidiary rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a taxable REIT subsidiary to its parent REIT to assure that the taxable REIT subsidiary is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. The rules also impose a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a taxable REIT subsidiary and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. We cannot assure
our stockholders that we will be able to comply with the
25% (20% beginning in 2018)20% value limitation on ownership of taxable REIT subsidiary stock and securities on an ongoing basis so as to maintain REIT status or to avoid application of the 100% excise tax imposed on certain non-arm’s length transactions.
The IRS may challenge characterizations of certain income from offshore taxable REIT subsidiaries.
We may form offshore corporate entities treated as taxable REIT subsidiaries. If we do form such subsidiaries, we may receive certain “income inclusions” with respect to our equity investments in these entities, which would flow through to us. We intend to treat such income inclusions, to the extent matched by repatriations of cash in the same taxable year, as qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test but not the 75% gross income test. Because there is no clear precedent with respect to the qualification of such income inclusions for purposes of the REIT gross income tests, no assurance can be given that the IRS will not assert a contrary position. If such income does not qualify for the 95% gross income test, we could be subject to a penalty tax or we could fail to qualify as a REIT, in both events only if such inclusions (along with certain other non-qualifying income) exceed 5% of our gross income.
We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes.
At any time, the federal income tax laws or regulations governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws or regulations may be amended. We cannot predict when or if any new federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, or any amendment to any existing federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, will be adopted, promulgated or become effective and any such law, regulation or interpretation may take effect retroactively. We and our stockholders could be adversely affected by any such change in, or any new, federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was signed into law on December 22, 2017, made significant changes to the U.S. federal income tax rules for taxation of individuals and corporations. In the case of individuals, the tax brackets were adjusted, the top federal income rate was reduced to 37%, special rules reduce taxation of certain income earned through pass-through entities and reduce the top effective rate applicable to ordinary dividends from REITs to 29.6% (through a 20% deduction for ordinary REIT dividends received that are not ‘‘capital gain dividends’’ or ‘‘qualified dividend income,’’ subject to complex limitations) and various deductions were eliminated or limited, including limiting the deduction for state and local taxes to $10,000 per year. Most of the changes applicable to individuals are temporary and apply only to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026. The top corporate income tax rate was reduced to 21%, and the corporate alternative minimum tax was repealed. The deduction of net interest expense is limited for all businesses, other than certain electing businesses, including certain real estate businesses. There are only minor changes to the REIT rules (other than the 20% deduction applicable to individuals for ordinary REIT dividends received).
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act makes numerous other large and small changes to the tax rules that do not affect REITs directly but may affect our stockholders and may indirectly affect us. For example, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act amended the rules for accrual of income so that income is taken into account no later than when it is taken into account on applicable financial statements, even if financial statements take such income into account before it would accrue under the original issue discount rules, market discount rules or other rules in the Internal Revenue Code. Such rules may cause us to recognize income before receiving any corresponding receipt of cash, which may make it more likely that we could be required to borrow funds or take other action to satisfy the REIT distribution requirements for the taxable year in which such income is recognized, although the precise application of this rule is unclear at this time. In addition, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act reduced the limit for individual’s mortgage interest expense to interest on $750,000 of mortgages and does not permit deduction of interest on home equity loans (after grandfathering all existing mortgages). Such change and the reduction in deductions for state and local taxes (including property taxes) may adversely affect the residential mortgage markets in which we may invest.
Prospective stockholders are urged to consult with their tax advisors with respect to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and any other regulatory or administrative developments and proposals and their potential effect on investment in our stock.
Distributions payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax
rates.rates available to individuals under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.
The maximum tax rate for
distributionscertain qualified dividends payable to
domesticU.S. stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates is
23.8%20%. Distributions payable by REITs, however, are generally not eligible for the reduced rates. While this tax treatment does not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or distributions paid by REITs, the more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate distributions could cause investors who are individuals, trusts or estates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in stock of non-REIT corporations that pay distributions, which could adversely affect the value of the stock of REITs, including our common stock.
However, under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, ordinary dividends from REITs are treated as income from a “pass-through” entity and are generally eligible for a 20% deduction against those same ordinary dividends. As a result, the top marginal federal tax rate on REIT dividends is reduced from 37% to 29.6% for individual and trust/estate stockholders.
Dividend income received in respect of our shares and gain from the sale of our shares could be treated as effectively connected income.
Subject to certain exceptions, distributions received from us will be treated as dividends of ordinary income to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits.Such dividends ordinarily will be subject to U.S. withholding tax at a 30% rate, or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty, unless the distributions are treated as “effectively connected” with the conduct by the non-U.S. stockholder of a U.S. trade or business.Pursuant to the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980 (“FIRPTA”), capital gain distributions attributable to sales or exchanges of U.S. real property interests (“USRPIs”) generally will be taxed to a non-U.S. stockholder as if such gain were effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business.However, a capital gain distribution will not be treated as effectively connected income if (1) the distribution is received with respect to a class of shares that is regularly traded on an established securities market located in the United States and (2) the non-U.S. stockholder does not own more than 10% of the class of our shares at any time during the one-year period ending on the date the distribution is received.We do not anticipate that our shares will be “regularly traded” on an established securities market, and, therefore, this exception is not expected to apply.
Gain recognized by a non-U.S. stockholder upon the sale or exchange of our shares generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation unless such shares constitute a USRPI within the meaning of FIRPTA.Our shares will not constitute a USRPI so long as we are a “domestically-controlled qualified investment entity.”A domestically-controlled qualified investment entity includes a REIT if at all times during a specified testing period, less than 50% in value of such REIT’s shares is held directly or indirectly by non-U.S. stockholders. There can be no assurances that we will be a domestically-controlled qualified investment entity.
Even if we do not qualify as a domestically-controlled qualified investment entity at the time a non-U.S. stockholder sells or exchanges our shares, gain arising from such a sale or exchange would not be subject to U.S. taxation under FIRPTA as a sale of a USRPI if: (1) our shares are “regularly traded,” as defined by applicable Treasury Regulations, on an established securities market, and (2) such non-U.S. stockholder owned, actually and constructively, 10% or less of our shares at any time during the five-year period ending on the date of the sale.However, as noted above, we do not anticipate that our shares will be “regularly traded” on an established securities market.We encourage our non-U.S. stockholders to consult an independent tax advisor to determine the tax consequences applicable to them.
If our Operating Partnership fails to maintain its status as a partnership, its income may be subject to taxation, which would reduce the cash available for distribution to stockholders and likely result in a loss of our REIT status.
We intend to maintain the status of our Operating Partnership as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, if the Internal Revenue Service were to successfully challenge the status of the Operating Partnership as a partnership for such purposes, it would be taxable as a corporation. In such event, this would reduce the amount of distributions that the Operating Partnership could make to us. This would also likely result in our losing REIT status, and, if so, becoming subject to a corporate level tax on our own income. This would substantially reduce any cash available to pay distributions. In addition, if any of the partnerships or limited liability companies through which the Operating Partnership owns its properties, in whole or in part, loses its characterization as a partnership and is otherwise not disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it would be subject to taxation as a corporation, thereby reducing distributions to the Operating Partnership. Such a recharacterization of an underlying property owner could also threaten our ability to maintain our status as a REIT.
If the fiduciary of an employee benefit plan subject to ERISA (such as a profit sharing, Section 401(k) or pension plan) or an owner of a retirement arrangement subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code (such as an individual retirement account (“IRA”)) fails to meet the fiduciary and other standards under ERISA or the Internal Revenue Code as a result of an investment in our stock, the fiduciary could be subject to penalties and other sanctions.
There are special considerations that apply to employee benefit plans subject to ERISA (such as profit sharing, Section 401(k) or pension plans) and other retirement plans or accounts subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code (such as an
IRA)IRA, annuity described in Section 408 or 408A of the Internal Revenue Code, health savings accounts described in Section 223(d) of the Internal Revenue Code, and Coverdell education savings accounts described in Section 530 of the Internal Revenue Code) that are investing in our shares. Fiduciaries and IRA owners investing the assets of such a plan or account in our
Class C common stock should satisfy themselves that:
| · | the investment is consistent with their fiduciary and other obligations under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code; |
| · | the investment is made in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the plan or IRA, including the plan’s or account’s investment policy; |
| · | the investment satisfies the prudence and diversification requirements of Sections 404(a)(1)(B) and 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA and other applicable provisions of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code; |
| · | the investment in our shares, for which no public market currently exists, is consistent with the liquidity needs of the plan or IRA; |
| · | the investment will not produce an unacceptable amount of “unrelated business taxable income” for the plan or IRA; |
| · | our stockholders will be able to comply with the requirements under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code to value the assets of the plan or IRA annually; and |
| · | the investment will not constitute a prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code. |
•the investment is consistent with their fiduciary and other obligations under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code;
•the investment is made in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the plan or IRA, including the plan’s or account’s investment policy;
•the investment satisfies the prudence and diversification requirements of Sections 404(a)(1)(B) and 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA and other applicable provisions of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code;
•the investment in our shares, for which no public market currently exists, is consistent with the liquidity needs of the plan or IRA, including liquidity needs to satisfy minimum and other distribution requirements and tax withholding requirements that may be applicable;
•the investment will not produce an unacceptable amount of “unrelated business taxable income” for the plan or IRA;
•stockholders will be able to comply with the requirements under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code to value the assets of the plan or IRA annually;
•the investment will not be treated as “plan assets” of its plan or account under ERISA and Department of Labor regulations; and
•the investment will not constitute a prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code or similar applicable law.
With respect to the annual valuation requirements described above, we will provide an estimated value for our shares annually. We can make no claim whether such estimated value will or will not satisfy the applicable annual valuation requirements under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code. The Department of Labor or the
Internal Revenue ServiceIRS may determine that a plan fiduciary or an IRA custodian is required to take further steps to determine the value of our common stock. In the absence of an appropriate determination of value, a plan fiduciary or an IRA custodian may be subject to damages, penalties or other sanctions.
An investor should ensure that this approach to valuation is acceptable to the trustee or custodian of any plan or account before any investment in our shares is made by such plan or account.
Investment in our shares is intended to qualify for an exemption from the plan asset rules under ERISA and the Department of Labor regulations and thus, our assets should not be “plan assets” of the investing plan or account. No assurances, however, can be made that our assets are not treated as “plan assets” of an investing plan or account under ERISA, Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code, or similar applicable law. Fiduciaries of plans and accounts should consult with counsel before making an investment in our shares.
Failure to satisfy the fiduciary standards of conduct and other applicable requirements of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code may result in the imposition of civil and criminal penalties and could subject the fiduciary to claims for damages or for equitable remedies, including liability for investment losses. In addition, if an investment in our shares constitutes a prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Internal Revenue Code, the fiduciary or IRA owner who authorized or directed the investment may be subject to the imposition of excise taxes with respect to the amount invested.
In addition, the investment transaction must be undone. In the case of a prohibited transaction involving an IRA owner, the IRA may be disqualified as a tax-exempt account and all of the assets of the IRA may be deemed distributed and subjected to tax. ERISA plan fiduciaries
Risks Related to the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Our Business
Measures intended to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have disrupted our ability to operate our business.
In response to the outbreak of COVID-19 and IRA owners should consultthe federal and state mandates implemented to control its spread, most of our employees are working remotely. If our employees are unable to work effectively as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, including because of illness, quarantines, office closures, ineffective remote work arrangements or technology failures or limitations, our operations would be adversely impacted. Further, remote work arrangements may increase the risk of cybersecurity incidents, data breaches or cyber-attacks, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations, due to, among other things, the loss of proprietary data, interruptions or delays in the operation of our business, damage to our reputation and any government imposed penalty.
The current COVID-19 pandemic, and any future outbreak of other highly infectious or contagious diseases, could materially and adversely impact or disrupt our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and performance.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and any other pandemics in the future could have, repercussions across regional, national and global economies and financial markets. The outbreak of COVID-19 in the United States and in many countries has adversely impacted global economic activity and has contributed to significant volatility and negative pressure in the financial markets. The impact of the COVID-19 outbreak has been rapidly evolving and has continued to affect more countries. Many countries, including the United States, have responded by instituting quarantines for some period of time, mandating business and school closures and restrictions on their re-openings, banning group gatherings and restricting travel, among others.
Certain states and cities, including where we own properties, have also reacted by instituting quarantines, restrictions on travel, “shelter in place” rules and restrictions to only essential businesses that may continue to operate. As a result, the COVID-19 pandemic is negatively impacting almost every industry directly or indirectly, including the real estate industry in which we and our tenants operate.
Many of our tenants have announced temporary closures of their stores or facilities and various tenants have requested rent deferral or rent abatement during this pandemic. In addition, in response to state and local government orders, all of our company personnel are currently working remotely. The effects of the state and local government orders, including an extended period of remote work arrangements, could strain our business continuity plans, introduce operational risk and impair our ability to manage our business. The COVID-19 pandemic may have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows, including among other factors:
•a partial or complete closure of, or other operational issues at, some or all of our properties resulting from government or tenant action;
•reduced economic activity severely impacts our tenants' business operations, financial condition and liquidity and may cause one or more of our tenants to be unable to meet their obligations to us in full, or at all, or to otherwise seek modifications of such obligations;
•reduced economic activity could result in a prolonged recession, which could negatively impact consumer discretionary spending and in return could severely impact our tenants' business operations, financial condition and liquidity;
•difficulty accessing debt and equity on attractive terms, or at all, impacts to our credit ratings, and a severe disruption and instability in the global financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions may affect our access to capital necessary to fund our business operations or address maturing liabilities on a timely basis and our tenants' ability to fund their business operations and meet their obligations to us;
•the COVID-19 pandemic could negatively impact our future compliance with counsel before making an investmentfinancial covenants of our mortgage notes payable and credit facilities and could result in a default or potential acceleration of payment of our debt obligations, which non-compliance could negatively impact our ability to make additional future borrowings;
•significant impairment in the value of our intangible assets as a result of weaker economic conditions;
•general decline in business activity and demand for real estate transactions has adversely affected our ability to grow our portfolio of properties;
•broad acceptance and success of working from home could negatively impact the demand for office space;
•the deterioration in our common stock.or our tenants' ability to operate in affected areas or delays in the supply of products or services to us or our tenants from vendors that are needed for our or our tenants' efficient operations has adversely affected our operations and those of our tenants; and •potential negative impact on the health of our personnel and staff, particularly if a significant number of them are impacted, could result in a deterioration in our ability to ensure business continuity during this disruption.
The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business operations and those of our tenants will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence; including the scope, severity and duration of the pandemic; the success of actions or measures taken to contain or treat COVID-19, or mitigate its impact; and the direct and indirect economic effects of the pandemic, among others. Extended closures by our tenants of their stores and any early terminations by our tenants of their leases could reduce our cash flows, which could impact our ability to continue paying distributions to our stockholders at expected levels, or at all.
The rapid development and fluidity of the COVID-19 pandemic precludes us from making any prediction as to the full adverse impact of the pandemic. Nevertheless, the pandemic presents material uncertainty and risk with respect to our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and performance.
| ITEM 1B. | ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
As of December 31,
2017,2020, we owned
36 operating properties, excluding four properties held for sale and the
following properties:Property and
Location (1) | | Rentable
Square
Feet | | | Property
Type | | Investment
in Real
Property,
net, plus
Above-/Below
Market
Leases, net | | | Mortgage
Financing
(Principal) | | | Annualized
Base Lease
Revenue (2) | | | Acquisition
Fee (3) | | | Lease
Expiration
(4) | | | Renewal
Options
(number
/years)
(4) |
| Accredo Health Orlando, FL | | | 63,000 | | | Office | | $ | 10,145,910 | | | $ | 4,932,287 | (5) | | $ | 899,010 | | | $ | 327,890 | | | 6/14/2021 | | | 1/5-yr |
| Walgreens Stockbridge, GA | | | 15,120 | | | Retail | | | 4,463,020 | | | | 2,201,679 | (5) | | | 360,000 | | | | 152,026 | | | 2/28/2021 | | | 8/5-yr |
| Dollar General Litchfield, ME | | | 9,026 | | | Retail | | | 1,352,840 | | | | 656,846 | (6) | | | 92,961 | | | | 40,008 | | | 9/30/2030 | | | 3/5-yr |
| Dollar General Wilton, ME | | | 9,100 | | | Retail | | | 1,626,487 | | | | 662,231 | (6) | | | 112,439 | | | | 48,390 | | | 7/31/2030 | | | 3/5-yr |
| Dollar General Thompsontown, PA | | | 9,100 | | | Retail | | | 1,263,090 | | | | 662,231 | (6) | | | 85,998 | | | | 37,014 | | | 10/31/2030 | | | 3/5-yr |
| Dollar General Mt. Gilead, OH | | | 9,026 | | | Retail | | | 1,244,328 | | | | 656,846 | (6) | | | 85,924 | | | | 36,981 | | | 6/30/2030 | | | 3/5-yr |
| Dollar General Lakeside, OH | | | 9,026 | | | Retail | | | 1,170,924 | | | | 656,846 | (6) | | | 81,036 | | | | 34,875 | | | 5/31/2030 | | | 3/5-yr |
| Dollar General Castalia, OH | | | 9,026 | | | Retail | | | 1,146,905 | | | | 656,846 | (6) | | | 79,320 | | | | 34,140 | | | 5/31/2030 | | | 3/5-yr |
| Dana Cedar Park, TX | | | 45,465 | | | Industrial | | | 8,962,210 | | | | 4,709,889 | | | | 665,917 | | | | 274,200 | | | 6/30/2024 | | | 2/5-yr |
| Northrop Grumman Melbourne, FL | | | 107,419 | | | Office | | | 13,104,293 | | | | 5,945,655 | | | | 1,162,274 | | | | 398,100 | | | 5/31/2021 | | | 1/5-yr |
| exp US Services Maitland, FL | | | 33,118 | | | Office | | | 6,702,507 | | | | 3,505,061 | | | | 701,510 | | | | 200,837 | | | 11/30/2026 | | | 2/5-yr |
| Harley Bedford, TX | | | 70,960 | | | Retail | | | 12,960,473 | | | | 6,983,418 | | | | 900,000 | | | | 382,500 | | | 4/12/2032 | | | 2/5-yr |
| Wyndham Summerlin, NV | | | 41,390 | | | Office | | | 9,959,125 | | | | 5,920,800 | (7) | | | 806,027 | | | | 292,968 | | | 2/28/2025 | (8) | | 1/5-yr |
| Williams Sonoma Summerlin, NV | | | 35,867 | | | Office | | | 7,614,762 | | | | 4,699,200 | (7) | | | 624,086 | | | | 223,924 | | | 10/31/2022 | | | None |
| Omnicare Richmond, VA | | | 51,800 | | | Industrial | | | 7,218,979 | | | | 4,423,574 | | | | 535,379 | | | | 211,275 | | | 5/31/2026 | | | 1/5-yr |
| EMCOR Cincinnati, OH | | | 39,385 | | | Office | | | 6,077,888 | | | | 2,955,000 | | | | 472,620 | | | | 177,210 | | | 2/28/2027 | | | 2/5-yr |
| Husqvarna Charlotte, NC | | | 64,637 | | | Industrial | | | 11,965,814 | | | | - | | | | 783,029 | | | | 348,000 | | | 6/30/2027 | (9) | | 2/5-yr |
| AvAir Chandler, AZ | | | 162,714 | | | Industrial | | | 27,353,125 | | | | 12,000,000 | | | | 2,100,000 | | | | 795,000 | | | 12/31/2032 | | | 2/5-yr |
| | | | 785,179 | | | | | $ | 134,332,680 | | | $ | 62,228,409 | | | $ | 10,547,530 | | | $ | 4,015,338 | | | | | | |
| (1) | Each of the properties was 100% occupied by a single tenant at the time of acquisition and has remained 100% occupied by that tenant through December 31, 2017. |
| (2) | Annualized Base Lease Revenue is calculated based on the contractual monthly base rent, excluding rent abatements, at December 31, 2017 multiplied by 12. |
| (3) | The Acquisition Fee is paid to the Advisor in connection with the acquisition of a property. The fee is equal to 3.0% of the contract purchase price of a property, as defined in the Advisory Agreement. |
| (4) | Represents the lease term beginning with the later of the purchase date or the rent commencement date through the end of the non-cancelable lease term, assuming no renewals are exercised unless otherwise noted. |
| (5) | These properties are both collateral for one mortgage note payable. The amounts shown on this schedule are based on the pro rata investment in the two properties. |
| (6) | These properties are cross-collateralized with each other. The deeds of trust for the Company’s six Dollar General properties contain cross-collateralization and cross-default provisions. There is one loan for these six Dollar Generals and the amounts shown in this schedule are based on the pro rata investment in the six properties. |
| (7) | The loans for each of the Wyndham and Williams Sonoma properties located in Summerlin, Nevada were originated by Nevada State Bank (“Bank”). The loans are collateralized by a deed of trust and a security agreement with assignment of rents and fixture filing; in addition, the individual loans are subject to a cross-collateralization and cross-default agreement whereby any default under, or failure to comply with the terms of any one loan is an event of default under the terms of both loans. The value of the property must be in an amount sufficient to maintain a loan to value ratio of no more than 60%. If the loan to value ratio is ever more than 60%, the borrower shall, upon the Bank’s written demand, reduce the principal balance of the loans so that the loan to value ratio is no more than 60%. |
| (8) | The actual expiration date is February 29, 2028, after which the renewal option can be exercised. |
| (9) | The tenant’s right to cancel the lease on June 30, 2025 was not determined to be probable for financial accounting purposes. |
72.7% TIC Interest, located in 14 states as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Property and Location (1) | | Rentable
Square
Feet | | Property
Type | | Investment
in Real
Property,
Net, Plus
Above-/Below-
Market
Lease Intangibles, Net | | Mortgage
Financing
(Principal) | | Annualized
Base Lease
Revenue (2) | | Acquisition
Fee (3) | | Lease
Expiration
(4) | | Renewal Options (Number/Years) (4) |
| Accredo Health, Orlando, FL | | 63,000 | | | Office | | $ | 8,903,818 | | | $ | 8,538,000 | | | $ | 982,170 | | | $ | 5,796 | | | 12/31/2024 | | 2/5-yr |
| Dollar General, Litchfield, ME | | 9,026 | | | Retail | | 1,232,108 | | | 622,884 | | (5) | 92,960 | | | 40,008 | | | 9/30/2030 | | 3/5-yr |
| Dollar General, Wilton, ME | | 9,100 | | | Retail | | 1,471,978 | | | 627,992 | | (5) | 112,439 | | | 48,390 | | | 7/31/2030 | | 3/5-yr |
| Dollar General, Thompsontown, PA | | 9,100 | | | Retail | | 1,147,089 | | | 627,992 | | (5) | 85,998 | | | 37,014 | | | 10/31/2030 | | 3/5-yr |
| Dollar General, Mt. Gilead, OH | | 9,026 | | | Retail | | 1,133,110 | | | 622,884 | | (5) | 85,924 | | | 36,981 | | | 6/30/2030 | | 3/5-yr |
| Dollar General, Lakeside, OH | | 9,026 | | | Retail | | 1,056,780 | | | 622,884 | | (5) | 81,036 | | | 34,875 | | | 5/31/2035 | (6) | 3/5-yr |
| Dollar General, Castalia, OH | | 9,026 | | | Retail | | 1,036,002 | | | 622,884 | | (5) | 79,320 | | | 34,140 | | | 5/31/2035 | (6) | 3/5-yr |
| Dana, Cedar Park, TX | | 45,465 | | | Industrial | | 5,498,515 | | | 4,466,865 | | | 780,000 | | | 274,200 | | | 7/31/2022 | (7) | 2/5-yr |
| Northrop Grumman, Melbourne, FL | | 107,419 | | | Office | | 10,755,205 | | | 5,518,589 | | | 1,269,693 | | | 398,100 | | | 5/31/2026 | (6) | 1/5-yr |
| exp US Services, Maitland, FL | | 33,118 | | | Office | | 5,986,521 | | | 3,321,931 | | | 779,805 | | | 200,837 | | | 11/30/2026 | | 2/5-yr |
| Wyndham, Summerlin, NV | | 41,390 | | | Office | | 9,905,493 | | | 5,607,000 | | (8) | 889,804 | | | 390,906 | | | 2/28/2025 | | 1/5-yr |
| Williams Sonoma, Summerlin, NV | | 35,867 | | | Office | | 7,452,628 | | | 4,438,200 | | (8) | 681,955 | | | 239,880 | | | 10/31/2022 | | None |
| Omnicare, Richmond, VA | | 51,800 | | | Industrial | | 6,711,715 | | | 4,193,171 | | | 579,974 | | | 217,678 | | | 5/31/2026 | | 1/5-yr |
| EMCOR, Cincinnati, OH | | 39,385 | | | Office | | 5,583,804 | | | 2,811,539 | | | 491,712 | | | 177,210 | | | 2/28/2027 | | 2/5-yr |
| Husqvarna, Charlotte, NC | | 64,637 | | | Industrial | | 11,024,418 | | | 6,379,182 | | | 855,637 | | | 348,000 | | | 6/30/2027 | (9) | 2/5-yr |
| AvAir, Chandler, AZ | | 162,714 | | | Industrial | | 25,246,766 | | | 19,950,000 | | | 2,228,536 | | | 795,000 | | | 12/31/2032 | | 2/5-yr |
| 3M, DeKalb, IL | | 410,400 | | | Industrial | | 13,137,126 | | | 8,166,000 | | | 1,186,056 | | | 456,000 | | | 7/31/2022 | | 1/5-yr |
| Cummins, Nashville, TN | | 87,230 | | | Office | | 13,850,551 | | | 8,332,200 | | | 1,420,213 | | | 465,000 | | | 2/28/2023 | | 3/5-yr |
| Northrop Grumman Parcel, Melbourne, FL | | — | | | Land | | 329,410 | | | — | | | — | | | 9,000 | | | — | | — | |
| Texas Health, Dallas, TX | | 38,794 | | | Office | | 7,008,583 | | | 4,363,203 | | | 545,894 | | | 222,750 | | | 12/31/2025 | | None |
| Bon Secours, Richmond, VA | | 72,890 | | | Office | | 10,210,772 | | | 5,180,552 | | | 800,644 | | | 313,293 | | | 8/31/2026 | | None |
| Costco, Issaquah, WA | | 97,191 | | | Office | | 27,441,604 | | | 18,850,000 | | | 2,186,798 | | | 870,000 | | | 7/31/2025 | (10) | 1/5-yr |
| Taylor Fresh Foods, Yuma, AZ | | 216,727 | | | Industrial | | 24,964,055 | | | 12,350,000 | | | 1,584,858 | | | 741,000 | | | 9/30/2033 | | None |
| Levins, Sacramento, CA | | 76,000 | | | Industrial | | 4,449,897 | | | 2,032,332 | | | 299,220 | | | — | | | 8/20/2023 | | 2/5-yr |
| Dollar General, Bakersfield, CA | | 18,827 | | | Retail | | 4,977,336 | | | 2,268,922 | | | 328,250 | | | — | | | 7/31/2028 | | 3/5-yr |
| PMI Preclinical, San Carlos, CA | | 20,800 | | | Industrial | | 9,971,393 | | | 4,020,418 | | | 620,052 | | | — | | | 10/31/2025 | | 2/5-yr |
| GSA (MHSA), Vacaville, CA | | 11,014 | | | Office | | 3,130,381 | | | 1,752,092 | | | 340,987 | | | — | | | 8/24/2026 | | None |
| PreK Education, San Antonio, TX | | 50,000 | | | Retail | | 12,285,285 | | | 5,037,846 | | | 825,000 | | | — | | | 7/31/2021 | | 2/8-yr |
| Dollar Tree, Morrow, GA | | 10,906 | | | Retail | | 1,331,111 | | | — | | | 103,607 | | | — | | | 7/31/2025 | | 3/5-yr |
| Solar Turbines, San Diego, CA | | 26,036 | | | Office | | 7,066,559 | | | 2,777,552 | | | 534,179 | | | — | | | 7/31/2023 | | None |
| Wood Group, San Diego, CA | | 37,449 | | | Industrial | | 9,599,435 | | | 3,397,371 | | | 733,396 | | | — | | | 2/28/2026 | | 2/5-yr |
| ITW Rippey, El Dorado Hills, CA | | 38,500 | | | Industrial | | 7,051,102 | | | 3,039,777 | | | 528,615 | | | — | | | 7/31/2022 | | 1/3-yr |
| Dollar General, Big Spring, TX | | 9,026 | | | Retail | | 1,191,935 | | | 599,756 | | | 86,041 | | | — | | | 6/30/2030 | | 3/5-yr |
| Gap, Rocklin, CA | | 40,110 | | | Office | | 8,212,736 | | | 3,569,990 | | | 582,397 | | | — | | | 2/28/2023 | | 1/5-yr |
| L-3 Communications, Carlsbad, CA | | 46,214 | | | Industrial | | 11,515,683 | | | 5,185,929 | | | 787,789 | | | — | | | 4/30/2022 | | 2/3-yr |
| Sutter Health, Rancho Cordova, CA | | 106,592 | | | Office | | 30,163,857 | | | 13,879,655 | | | 2,112,777 | | | — | | | 10/31/2025 | | 3/5-yr |
| Walgreens, Santa Maria, CA | | 14,490 | | | Retail | | 5,676,983 | | | 3,172,846 | | | 369,000 | | | — | | | 3/31/2032 | | 8/5-yr |
| | 2,128,295 | | | | | $ | 317,711,744 | | | $ | 176,948,438 | | | $ | 26,052,736 | | | $ | 6,356,058 | | | | | |
(1)Each of the properties was 100% occupied by a single tenant at the time of acquisition and has remained 100% occupied by that tenant through December 31, 2020, except for the Dana property, which is currently vacant.
(2)Annualized base lease revenue is calculated based on the contractual monthly base rent, excluding rent abatements, at December 31, 2020, multiplied by 12.
(3)The acquisition fee was paid to our Former Advisor in connection with the acquisition of a property. The fee was equal to 3.0% of the contract purchase price of a property, as defined in the Advisory Agreement.
(4)Represents the end of the non-cancelable lease term, assuming no early termination rights or renewals are exercised unless otherwise noted.
(5)There is one loan for these six Dollar General properties and the amounts shown in this schedule are based on the pro-rata investment in the six properties. The deeds of trust contain cross-collateralization and cross-default provisions.
(6)Reflects extension of lease subsequent to December 31, 2020 (see Notes 4 and 11 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K).
(7)Effective August 1, 2020, we executed an amendment for the early termination of the Dana lease changing the expiration from July 31, 2024 to July 31, 2022 in exchange for an early termination payment of $1,381,767 due on July 31, 2022 and continued rent payments of $65,000 per month from August 1, 2020 through July 1, 2022. In the event that we are able to re-lease or sell the Dana property prior to July 31, 2022, Dana is obligated to continue paying rent of $65,000 per month through July 1, 2022 or may elect to pay a cash lump sum to us equal to the net present value of the remaining rent payments.
(8)The loans for each of the Wyndham and Williams Sonoma properties located in Summerlin, Nevada were originated by Nevada State Bank (“Bank”). The loans are collateralized by a deed of trust and a security agreement with assignment of rents and fixture filing; in addition, the individual loans are subject to a cross-collateralization and cross-default agreement whereby any default under, or failure to comply with the terms of any one loan is an event of default under the terms of both loans. The value of the property must be in an amount sufficient to maintain a loan to value ratio of no more than 60%. If the loan to value ratio is ever more than 60%, the borrower shall, upon the Bank’s written demand, reduce the principal balance of the loans so that the loan to value ratio is no more than 60%.
(9) The tenant’s right to cancel the lease on June 30, 2025 was not determined to be probable for financial accounting purposes.
(10) The tenant’s right to cancel the lease on July 31, 2023 was not determined to be probable for financial accounting purposes.
Lease
ExpirationsExpirations:
The following tables reflect lease expirations with respect to our properties as of December 31,
2017: | Year | | 2018 | | | 2019 | | | 2020 | | | 2021 | | | 2022 | | | 2023 | |
| Number of Leases | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 3 | | | | 1 | | | | - | |
| Square Footage | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 185,539 | | | | 35,867 | | | | - | |
| Annualized Base Lease Rent (1) | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 2,421,284 | | | $ | 624,086 | | | $ | - | |
% of Total Annualized
Base Lease Rent | | | - | % | | | - | % | | | - | % | | | 23.0 | % | | | 5.9 | % | | | - | % |
| Year | | 2024 | | | 2025 | | | 2026 | | | Thereafter | | | Total | |
| Number of Leases | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | 2 | | | | 10 | | | | 18 | |
| Square Footage | | | 45,465 | | | | 41,390 | | | | 84,918 | | | | 392,000 | | | | 785,179 | |
| Annualized Base Lease Rent (1) | | $ | 665,917 | | | $ | 806,027 | | | $ | 1,236,889 | | | $ | 4,793,327 | | | $ | 10,547,530 | |
% of Total Annualized
Base Lease Rent | | | 6.3 | % | | | 7.6 | % | | | 11.7 | % | | | 45.5 | % | | | 100.0 | % |
| (1) | Annualized Lease Revenue2020: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year | | Number of Leases Expiring | | Leased Square Footage Expiring | | Percentage of Leased Square Footage Expiring | | Cumulative Percentage of Leased Square Footage Expiring | | Annualized Base Rent Expiring (1) | | Percentage of Annualized Base Rent Expiring | | Cumulative Percentage of Annualized Base Rent Expiring | | 2021 | | 1 | | | 50,000 | | | 7.4 | % | | 7.4 | % | | $ | 825,000 | | | 3.1 | % | | 3.1 | % | | 2022 | | 4 | | | 530,232 | | | 24.9 | % | | 32.3 | % | | 3,176,626 | | | 12.2 | % | | 15.3 | % | | 2023 | | 4 | | | 229,376 | | | 10.8 | % | | 43.1 | % | | 2,836,009 | | | 10.9 | % | | 26.2 | % | | 2024 | | 1 | | | 63,000 | | | 3.0 | % | | 46.1 | % | | 982,170 | | | 3.8 | % | | 30.0 | % | | 2025 | | 6 | | | 315,673 | | | 14.8 | % | | 60.9 | % | | 6,458,931 | | | 24.8 | % | | 54.8 | % | | 2026 | | 6 | | | 313,690 | | | 9.7 | % | | 70.6 | % | | 4,504,498 | | | 17.3 | % | | 72.1 | % | | 2017 | | 2 | | | 104,022 | | | 4.9 | % | | 75.5 | % | | 1,347,349 | | | 5.2 | % | | 77.3 | % | | 2028 | | 1 | | | 18,827 | | | 0.9 | % | | 76.4 | % | | 328,250 | | | 1.2 | % | | 78.5 | % | | 2029 | | — | | | — | | | — | % | | 76.4 | % | | — | | | — | % | | 78.5 | % | | 2030 | | 6 | | 91,492 | | | 5.1 | % | | 81.5 | % | | 1,251,152 | | | 4.8 | % | | 83.3 | % | | Thereafter | | 5 | | | 411,983 | | | 18.5 | % | | 100.0 | % | | 4,342,751 | | | 16.7 | % | | 100.0 | % | | Total | | 36 | | | 2,128,295 | | | 100.0 | % | | | | $ | 26,052,736 | | | 100.0 | % | | |
(1)Annualized lease revenue is calculated based on the contractual monthly base rent at December 31, 2017 multiplied by twelve. |
In evaluating these properties and investments for acquisition, including the determinationcontractual monthly base rent at December 31, 2020 multiplied by 12.
Table of an appropriate purchase price to be paid for the properties, we considered a variety of factors, including the condition and financial performance of the properties, the terms of the existing leases and the creditworthiness of the tenants, property location, visibility and access, age of the properties, physical condition and curb appeal, neighboring property uses, local market conditions, including vacancy rates, area demographics, including trade area population and average household income and neighborhood growth patterns and economic conditions. We do not currently have plans to incur any significant costs to renovate, improve or develop the properties, and we believe that the properties are adequately insured.2017 Acquisitions:
On March 7, 2017, through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired a 106,613 square feet office property in Melbourne, Florida, which it leases to Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation (“Northrop”). The seller is not affiliated with the Company nor the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for the Northrop Property was $13,724,190, including closing costs.
On March 27, 2017, through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired a 33,118 square feet office property in Maitland, Florida, which it leases to exp US Services, Inc. (“exp US Services”). The seller is not affiliated with the Company nor the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for the exp US Services Property was $6,924,854, including closing costs.
On April 13, 2017, through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired a 70,960 square feet retail property in Bedford, Texas, which it leases to Calculated Risk Bedford, LP dba Texas Harley-Davidson (“Harley”). The seller is not affiliated with the Company nor the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for the Harley Property was $13,178,288, including closing costs.
On June 22, 2017, through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired a 41,300 square feet office property in Summerlin, Nevada, which it leases to Wyndham Vacation Ownership, Inc. (“Wyndham”). The seller is not affiliated with the Company nor the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for the Wyndham Property was $10,116,502, including closing costs.
On June 22, 2017, through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired a 35,867 square feet office property in Summerlin, Nevada, which it leases to Williams-Sonoma, Inc. (“Williams Sonoma”). The seller is not affiliated with the Company nor the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for the Williams Sonoma Property was $7,231,767, including closing costs.
On July 20, 2017, through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired a 51,300 square feet industrial property in Richmond, Virginia, which it leases to Williamson Drug Company, Incorporated (“Omnicare”). The seller is not affiliated with the Company nor the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for the Omnicare Property was $7,324,370, including closing costs.
On August 9, 2017, through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired a 39,385 square feet office property in Cincinnati, Ohio, which it leases to EMCOR Facilities Services, Inc. (“EMCOR”) (f/k/a Viox Services, Inc.). The seller is not affiliated with the Company nor the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for the EMCOR Property was $6,138,537, including closing costs.
On September 28, 2017, through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired an approximate 72.7% tenant-in-common interest in a 91,740 square feet office in Santa Clara, California, which is leased to Fujifilm Dimatix, Inc. The seller in not affiliated with the Company nor the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for the Santa Clara property was $29,625,075, including closing costs. The Company’s investment in the tenant-in-common entity was $10,542,594 plus $626,073, which represented the Company’s share of the acquisition fee.
On November 30, 2017, through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired a 64,600 square feet industrial property in Charlotte, North Carolina, which it leases to Husqvarna Professional Products, Inc. (“Husqvarna”). The seller is not affiliated with the Company nor the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for the Husqvarna Property was $12,003,048, including closing costs.
On December 28, 2017, through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired a 162,714 square feet industrial property in Chandler, Arizona, which it leases to AvAir, Inc. (“AvAir”). The seller is not affiliated with the Company nor the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for the Husqvarna Property was $27,353,125, including closing costs.
2017 Debt Financing
On July 14, 2017, the Company obtained a $5,945,955 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the Northrop property. The mortgage loan has a fixed interest rate of 4.40% per annum and matures on March 2, 2021.
On November 17, 2017, the Company obtained a $3,505,061 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the exp US Services property. The mortgage loan has an initial fixed interest rate of 4.25% per annum and starting November 11, 2022, 3.25% plus T-Bill Index and matures on November 17, 2024.
On August 28, 2017, the Company obtained a $6,983,418 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the Harley property. The mortgage loan has a fixed interest rate of 4.25% per annum and matures on September 1, 2024.
On June 22, 2017, the Company obtained a $5,920,800 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the Wyndham property. The mortgage loan has an interest rate of one-month LIBOR plus 2.05% per annum and matures on June 5, 2027.
On June 22, 2017, the Company obtained a $4,699,200 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the Williams Sonoma property. The mortgage loan has an interest rate of one-month LIBOR plus 2.05% per annum and matures on June 5, 2022.
On August 29, 2017, the Company obtained a $4,423,574 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the Omnicare property. The mortgage loan has a fixed interest rate of 4.36% per annum and matures on May 1, 2026.
On September 28, 2017, the tenant-in-common entity that the Company has an approximate 72.7% interest in, obtained a $14,500,000 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the Santa Clara property. The mortgage loan has a fixed interest rate of 3.86% per annum and matures on December 1, 2024.
On November 16, 2017, the Company obtained a $2,955,000 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the EMCOR property. The mortgage loan has a fixed interest rate of 4.35% per annum and matures on December 1, 2024.
On December 22, 2017, the Company obtained a $6,380,000 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the Husqvarna property. The mortgage loan has a fixed interest rate of 4.60% per annum and matures on March 31, 2028.
Investments:
As of December 31, 2017,2020, we had the following other real estate investments:
| | Investment
Balance |
Santa Clara Property – an approximate 72.7% tenant-in-common interest (1) | | $ | 11,103,547 | |
| Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I – an approximate 4.4% interest | | | 3,420,475 | |
| | | $ | 14,524,022 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| TIC Interest | | Investment
Balance |
| Santa Clara Property – an approximate 72.7% TIC Interest (1) | This office property has approximately 91,740 rentable square feet. The purchase price was $29,625,075, including closing costs. The annualized base lease revenue is $1,981,584. The acquisition fee was $861,055, of which
| $626,073 was paid by the Company. The lease expiration date is March 16, 2026 and the lease provides for three five-year renewal options. | 10,002,368 | |
Investment
(1)This office property was acquired in Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust IIn June 2016 we purchased 200,000 shares2017 and has approximately 91,740 rentable square feet. The purchase price was $29,625,075, including closing costs. The annualized base lease revenue is $1,981,584. The acquisition fee was $861,055, of common stock of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I, a California business trust for $2,000,000. $2,884 of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I’s 2016 second quarter dividends were reinvested for an additional 288 shares. We purchased an additional 163,162 shares amounts in November 2016 for $1,631,618which $626,073 was paid by us and an additional 902 shares in December 2016 for $9,016. Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I is an affiliate of ours and we share the same Advisor, Sponsor, and officers and directors. As of December 31, 2017, we own approximately 4.4%balance was paid by the other tenant-in-common owners of the outstanding common stock of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I and share in the same rights and economic interests of all other stockholders. We have no present intention of increasing our ownership in Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I,property. The tenant's lease expiration date is March 16, 2026 and the current investment was based upon the unanimous conclusion oflease provides for three five-year renewal options.
Additional information about our directors that the properties portfolio of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I uniquely meetother real estate investments is included in Note 5 to our investment criteria for the properties that we have and will continue to acquire.
Our Advisor receives no fees or other compensationconsolidated financial statements in connection with our investment in Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I. Our investment in Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I was also approved by our conflicts committee which is composed of all of our independent directors, and our conflicts committee is charged with reviewing all interactions between us and Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I. The conflicts committee oversees this investment and all potential conflicts of interest that may arise, including those that may arise in connection with prospective acquisitions and dispositions within Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I’s portfolio.
Annual Report on Form 10-K. As of December 31, 2017, Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I owned each of the following properties:
| Property and Location | | Rentable
Square
Feet | | | Property
Type | | Investment in
Real
Property, net,
plus
Above-/Below
Market
Leases, net | | | Mortgage
Financing
(Principal) | | | Acquisition
Fee | | | Annualized
Base
Lease
Revenue
(1) | | | Lease
Expiration | | Renewal
Options
(number
/years) |
| Chase Bank, Antioch, CA | | | 5,660 | | | Retail | | $ | 2,222,455 | | | $ | 1,525,103 | (2) | | $ | 60,978 | (2) | | $ | - | | | 12/31/2017 | | None |
| Great Clip, Antioch, CA | | | 1,348 | | | Retail | | | 529,305 | | | | 363,222 | (2) | | | 14,523 | (2) | | | 32,352 | | | 6/30/2023 | | 1 5-yr |
| Chevron, San Jose, CA | | | 1,060 | | | Retail | | | 2,673,248 | | | | - | | | | 27,750 | | | | 199,800 | | | 5/27/2025 | | 4 5-yr |
| Levins, Sacramento, CA | | | 76,000 | | | Industrial | | | 3,244,412 | | | | 2,169,908 | | | | 75,000 | (3) | | | 277,860 | | | 8/20/2023 | | 2 5-yr |
| Chevron, Roseville, CA (4) | | | 3,300 | | | Retail | | | 2,580,996 | | | | - | | | | 56,000 | (3) | | | 201,600 | | | 9/30/2025 | | 4 5-yr |
| Island Pacific Supermarket, Elk Grove | | | 13,963 | | | Retail | | | 3,341,575 | | | | 1,973,170 | | | | 74,400 | (3) | | | 216,426 | | | 5/31/2025 | | 2 5-yr |
| Dollar General, Bakersfield, CA | | | 18,827 | | | Retail | | | 4,291,619 | | | | 2,430,065 | | | | 91,500 | (3) | | | 328,250 | | | 7/31/2028 | | 3 5-yr |
| Rite Aid, Lake Elsinore, CA | | | 17,272 | | | Retail | | | 7,372,243 | | | | 3,827,722 | | | | 158,100 | (3) | | | 487,070 | | | 2/25/2028 | | 6 5-yr |
| PMI Preclinical, San Carlos, CA | | | 20,800 | | | Office | | | 8,500,228 | | | | 4,305,955 | | | | 178,400 | (3) | | | 584,288 | | | 10/31/2025 | | 2 5-yr |
| Eco Thrift Sacramento, CA | | | 38,536 | | | Retail | | | 4,366,250 | | | | 2,765,351 | | | | 95,000 | | | | 351,495 | | | 2/28/2026 | | 2 5-yr |
| General Services Administration Vacaville, CA | | | 11,014 | | | Office | | | 2,970,693 | | | | 1,881,256 | | | | 63,500 | | | | 336,852 | | | 8/24/2026 | | None |
| PreK Education Center, San Antonio, TX | | | 50,000 | | | Retail | | | 10,124,343 | | | | 5,333,749 | | | | 217,000 | | | | 825,000 | | | 7/31/2021 | | 2 8-yr |
| Dollar Tree Morrow, GA | | | 10,906 | | | Retail | | | 1,344,685 | | | | - | | | | 30,036 | | | | 103,607 | | | 7/31/2025 | | 3 5-yr |
| Dinan Cars Morgan Hill, CA | | | 27,296 | | | Industrial | | | 4,719,814 | | | | 2,816,882 | | | | 106,120 | | | | 472,988 | | | 4/30/2023 | | None |
| Amec Foster Wheeler, San Diego, CA | | | 37,449 | | | Office | | | 7,041,896 | | | | 3,710,117 | (5) | | | 51,378 | | | | 671,161 | | | 2/28/2021 | | 2 3-yr |
| Solar Turbines, San Diego, CA | | | 26,036 | | | Office | | | 5,595,053 | | | | 2,947,828 | (5) | | | 117,418 | | | | 489,144 | | | 7/31/2021 | | 1 5-yr |
| Illinois Tool Works, El Dorado Hills, CA | | | 38,500 | | | Industrial | | | 6,069,013 | | | | 3,197,540 | (5) | | | 12,820 | | | | 483,758 | | | 8/1/2022 | | 1 3-yr |
| Dollar General, Big Spring, TX | | | 9,026 | | | Retail | | | 1,240,434 | | | | 632,218 | | | | 24,688 | | | | 86,041 | | | 4/30//2030 | | 3 5-yr |
| Gap, Rocklin, CA | | | 40,110 | | | Office | | | 7,554,087 | | | | 3,782,712 | | | | 154,000 | | | | 539,078 | | | 2/8/2023 | | 1 5-yr |
| L3 Communications, Carlsbad, CA | | | 46,214 | | | Office | | | 10,383,527 | | | | 5,471,050 | | | | 202,523 | | | | 720,938 | | | 4/30/2022 | | 2 3-yr |
| Sutter, Rancho Cordova, CA | | | 106,592 | (6) | | Office | | | 26,675,507 | | | | 14,665,829 | | | | 540,000 | | | | 1,835,231 | | | 10/31/2025 | | 3 5-yr |
| Walgreen, Santa Maria, CA | | | 14,490 | | | Retail | | | 5,176,461 | | | | - | | | | 102,314 | | | | 369,000 | | | 3/31/2062 | | 8 5-yr |
| | | | 614,399 | | | | | $ | 128,017,844 | | | $ | 63,799,677 | | | $ | 2,453,448 | | | $ | 9,611,939 | | | | | |
| (1) | Annualized Base Lease Revenue is calculated based on the contractual monthly base rent at December 31, 2017 multiplied by 12. |
| (2) | One building, so mortgage financing and acquisition fee were allocated on a pro rata basis based on cash investments. |
| (3) | In lieu of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I paying acquisition fees, the seller paid the acquisition fee through escrow.
|
| (4) | Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I owns an undivided 70.14% interest through a tenancy in common agreement that was entered into in March 2016. |
| (5) | One loan, cross collateralized by Amec Foster, Solar Turbines and ITW Rippey properties; allocated pro rata based on investment in real property for purposes of this table.
|
| (6) | Excludes 83,199 square feet of land relating to the water tower ground lease. |
Lease Expirations
| Year | | 2018 | | | 2019 | | | 2020 | | | 2021 | | | 2022 | | | 2023 | | | 2024 | |
| Number of Leases | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 3 | | | | 3 | | | | 4 | | | | - | |
| Square Footage | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 113,485 | | | | 99,204 | | | | 144,754 | | | | - | |
| Annualized Base Lease Revenue (1) | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 1,985,305 | | | $ | 1,573,696 | | | $ | 1,322,278 | | | $ | - | |
| % of Total Annualized Based Lease Revenue | | | - | % | | | - | % | | | - | % | | | 20.68 | % | | | 16.39 | % | | | 13.77 | % | | | - | % |
| Year | | 2025 | | | 2026 | | | 2027 | | | Thereafter | | | Total | |
| Number of Leases | | | 6 | | | | 2 | | | | - | | | | 3 | | | | 21 | |
| Square Footage | | | 156,621 | | | | 49,550 | | | | - | | | | 45,125 | | | | 608,739 | |
| Annualized Base Lease Revenue (1) | | $ | 3,140,952 | | | $ | 688,347 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 901,361 | | | $ | 9,611,939 | |
| % of Total Annualized Based Lease Revenue | | | 32.60 | % | | | 7.17 | % | | | - | % | | | 9.39 | % | | | 100 | % |
| (1) | Annualized Lease Revenue is calculated based on the contractual monthly base rent at December 31, 2017 multiplied by twelve. |
There are currently no other properties in contract for purchase or pending debt financing by Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I.
The
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
For information disclosed under Legal Matters in regarding legal proceedings, see Note 10 of the Notes- Commitments and Contingencies - Legal Matters to our Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference. | ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES |
consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
PART II
| ITEM 5. | MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
As of
March 27, 2018,February 28, 2021, we had
10,041,2317,659,424 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock outstanding held by a total of
approximately 5,2807,668 stockholders of record and
3,06563,029 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class S common stock outstanding held by
1 stockholder.nine stockholders.
No public market currently exists for our shares of common stock, and we currently have no plans to list our shares on a national securities exchange. Until our shares are listed, if ever, our stockholders may not sell their shares unless the buyer meets the applicable suitability and minimum purchase requirements. Any sale must comply with applicable state and federal securities laws. In addition, our charter as supplemented by actions of our board of directors prohibits the ownership of more than 9.8% of our stock by a single person, unless exempted by our board of directors. Consequently, there is the risk that our stockholders may not be able to sell their shares at a time or price acceptable to them.
Determination of
Estimated
NAV Per Share
Value
On January
18, 2018,27, 2021, the
conflicts committee of the Company’s board of directors recommended, and the board of directors unanimously approved and established, an estimated per share NAV of the Company’s common stock of $10.05 based on an estimated market value of the Company’s assets less the estimated market value of the Company’s liabilities, divided by the number of shares outstanding, as of December 31, 2017. This is the first time that the board of directors has determined an estimated per share NAV of the Company’s common stock. Going forward, the Company intends to publish an updated estimated per share NAV on at least an annual basis.Process
The conflicts committee of our board of directors, composed solely of all of our independent directors, is responsible for the oversight of the valuation process used to determine the estimated NAV per share of our common stock, including oversight of the valuation processes and methodologies used to determine our estimated NAV per share, the consistency of the valuation methodologies with real estate industry standards and practices and the reasonableness of the assumptions used in the valuations and appraisals. In determining the estimated NAV of our shares, our conflicts committee and board of directors considered information and analysis, including valuation materials that were provided by Cushman & Wakefield Western, Inc., (“Cushman & Wakefield”) and information provided by our Advisor. Cushman & Wakefield is an independent third-party real estate advisory and consulting firm that was engaged by us to develop an estimate of the fair value of the Company. Cushman and Wakefield developed an opinion of fair value of the real estate assets and real estate related liabilities associated with the Company’s properties. The valuation was performed in accordance with the provisions of the Investment Program Association Practice Guideline 2013-01,Valuations of Publicly Registered Non Listed REITs.
The engagement of Cushman & Wakefield was approved by our board of directors, including all members of the conflicts committee. Cushman & Wakefield’s scope of work was conducted in conformity with the requirements of the Code of Professional Ethics and Standards of Professional Practice of the Appraisal Institute. Several members of the Cushman & Wakefield engagement team who certified the methodologies and assumptions applied by us hold a Member of Appraisal Institute designation. Other than its engagement as described herein, Cushman & Wakefield does not have any direct interests in any transaction with us and has not performed any services for us other than asset allocation services related to property acquisitions.
The materials provided by Cushman & Wakefield included a range of NAV of our shares, and the conflicts committee of our board of directors believes that the use of the “Valuation Methodology,” as discussed below, as the primary or sole indicator of value has become widely accepted as a best practice in the valuation of non-listed REIT shares, and therefore the conflicts committee and our board of directors determined to use the Valuation Methodology in establishing the estimated per share NAV. This Valuation Methodology is consistent with the Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Procedures adopted by the board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors. Based on these considerations, the conflicts committee recommended that our board of directors establish an estimated value of our common stock, as of December 31, 2017, of $10.05 per share, which estimated value was within the $9.08 to $10.10 per share valuation range calculated by Cushman & Wakefield using the Valuation Methodology. The board of directors unanimously agreed to accept the recommendation of the conflicts committee and approved $10.05 as the estimated NAV per share of our common stock. Our board of directors is ultimately and solely responsible for the establishment of the per share estimated value.
Valuation Methodology
In preparing its valuation materials and in reaching its conclusions as to the reasonableness of the methodologies and assumptions used by the Company to value its assets, Cushman & Wakefield, among other things:
| · | investigated numerous sales in the properties' relevant markets, analyzed rental data and considered the input of buyers, sellers, brokers, property developers and public officials; |
| · | reviewed and relied upon Company-provided data regarding the size, year built, construction quality and construction type of the properties in order to understand the characteristics of the existing improvements and underlying land; |
| · | reviewed and relied upon Company-provided data regarding lease summaries, real estate taxes and operating expense data for the properties; |
| · | reviewed and relied upon Company-provided balance sheet items such as cash and other assets, as well as debt and other liabilities; |
| · | relied upon Company-provided derivative instrument valuation reports prepared by a third-party pricing service; |
| · | researched the market by means of publications, public and private databases and other resources to measure current market conditions, supply and demand factors, and growth patterns and their effect on the properties; and |
| · | performed such other analyses and studies, and considered such other factors, as Cushman & Wakefield considered appropriate. |
Cushman & Wakefield utilized two approaches in valuing the Company’s real estate assets that are commonly used in the commercial real estate industry. The following is a summary of the NAV Methodology and the valuation approaches used by Cushman & Wakefield:
NAV Methodology-The NAV Methodology determines the value of the Company by determining the estimated market value of the Company's entity level assets, including real estate assets, and subtracting the market value of its entity level liabilities, including its debt. The materials provided by Cushman & Wakefield to estimate the value of the real estate assets were prepared using discrete estimations of "as is" market valuations for each of the properties in the Company’s portfolio using the income capitalization approach as the primary indicator of value and the sales comparison approach as a secondary approach to value, as discussed in greater detail below. Cushman & Wakefield also estimated the fair value of the Company’s real estate related debt and also reviewed the methodology used by a third-party pricing service to estimate the fair value of the Company’s derivatives and determined that the approach was reasonable. Cushman & Wakefield then added the non-real estate related assets and subtracted non-real estate related liabilities. The resulting amount, which is the estimated Preliminary NAV of the portfolio, is divided by the number of common shares outstanding to determine the estimated per share Preliminary NAV The Preliminary NAV was used to calculate the subordinated participation fee that is due to the Advisor. The amount of the subordinated participation fee was deducted from the estimated Preliminary NAV to calculate the estimated NAV.
Determination of Estimated Market Value of the Company’s Real Estate Assets Under the NAV Methodology
Income Capitalization Approach - The income capitalization approach first determines the income-producing capacity of a property by using contract rents on existing leases and by estimating market rent from rental activity at competing properties for the vacant space. Deductions are then made for vacancy and collection loss and operating expenses. The net operating income (“NOI”) developed in Cushman & Wakefield’s analysis is the balance of potential income remaining after vacancy and collection loss and operating expenses. This NOI was then capitalized at an appropriate rate to derive an estimate of value (the “Direct Capitalization Method”) or discounted by an appropriate yield rate over a typical projection period in a discounted cash flow analysis (the “DCF Method”). Thus, two key steps were involved: (1) estimating the NOI applicable to the subject property and (2) choosing appropriate capitalization rates and discount rates.
The material assumptions used in this income capitalization approach are NOI and the capitalization rate. All of our existing leases are triple net, and therefore NOI is equal to the contractual cash basis rents. The 2018 contractual cash basis rents were used.
The following summarizes the range of capitalization rates Cushman & Wakefield used to arrive at the estimated market values of our properties valued using the DCF Method:
| | Range | | | Weighted-Average | |
Capitalization Rate | | | 6.75% to 10.00% | | | | 7.44% | |
The capitalization rate was weighted based on NOI. An increase (or decrease) in the selected capitalization rate of 0.25% would result in an increase (or decrease) in net asset value of approximately $5,500,000.
Sales Comparison Approach -The sales comparison approach estimates value based on what other purchasers and sellers in the market have agreed to as the price for comparable improved properties. This approach is based upon the principle of substitution, which states that the limits of prices, rents, and rates tend to be set by the prevailing prices, rents, and rates of equally desirable substitutes.
Utilizing the NAV Methodology, including use of the two approaches to value the Company’s real estate assets noted above, when divided by the 8.8 million shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding on December 31, 2017, Cushman & Wakefield determined a valuation range of $9.08 to $10.10 per share.
Cushman & Wakefield prepared and provided to the Company a report containing, among other information, the range of net asset values for the Company’s common stock as of December 31, 2017 (the “Valuation Report”). On January 18, 2018, the conflicts committee of our board of directors conferred with Cushman & Wakefield regarding the methodologies and assumptions used in the Valuation Report. On January 18, 2018, the conflictsaudit committee of our board of directors recommended, and our board of directors unanimously approved and established, an updated estimated NAV per share NAV of the Company’sour Class C common stock and Class S common stock of $23.03 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) based on the estimated market value of our assets less the estimated market value of our liabilities, divided by the number of fully-diluted Class C and Class S shares outstanding as of December 31, 2017, of $10.05 per share.
The table below sets forth the calculation of2020, adjusted to reflect the Company’s 1:3 reverse stock split which was effective on February 1, 2021. The updated estimated NAV per share NAV as of December 31, 2017:
| | | Estimated Value | | | Estimated
per share NAV | |
| Real Estate Properties | | $ | 145,333,660 | | | $ | 16.45 | |
| Investments in unconsolidated entities: | | | | | | | | |
| Santa Clara Property Tenant-in-Common Interest | | | 11,783,704 | | | | 1.33 | |
| Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust 1 (1) | | | 3,883,891 | | | | 0.44 | |
| Cash and Restricted Cash | | | 4,158,570 | | | | 0.47 | |
| Other Assets | | | 451,040 | | | | 0.05 | |
| Total Assets | | | 165,610,865 | | | | 18.74 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Mortgage Notes Payable and Unsecured Credit Facility, Net | | | 72,622,179 | | | | 8.22 | |
| Tenant Improvement Liability | | | 1,524,720 | | | | 0.17 | |
| Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities | | | 1,807,235 | | | | 0.20 | |
| Unearned Rent | | | 542,215 | | | | 0.06 | |
| Total Liabilities | | | 76,496,349 | | | | 8.65 | |
| Preliminary NAV | | | 89,114,516 | | | | 10.09 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Subordinated Participation Fee Payable (2) | | | (315,802 | ) | | | (0.04 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Total Estimated Value as of December 31, 2017 | | $ | 88,798,714 | | | $ | 10.05 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Shares of Common Stock Outstanding | | | 8,838,002 | | | | | |
(1) | On January 19, 2018, Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I (“REIT I”) announced its NAV of $10.66 per share. As of December 31, 2017, we owned approximately 4.4% of the outstanding shares of REIT I common stock. The estimated value of REIT I, based on its NAV announced on January 19, 2018, was $89,080,075 as of December 31, 2017.2020 first appeared on investor dashboards on February 1, 2021. Our share is $3,883,891, which equals REIT I’s estimated value of $89,080,075 multiplied by our approximately 4.4% ownership interest as of December 31, 2017. |
(2) | The Company announced that the amount of the subordinated participation fee, $315,802, would be paid by issuing 6,075 Class C common shares to our Advisor with the balance being paid in cash. However, it was subsequently determined that such fee would be paid entirely in cash. |
Exclusions from Estimated NAV
The estimated share value approved by the board of directors does not reflect any "portfolio premium," nor does it reflectpreviously approved an enterprise valueestimated NAV per share of our common stock of $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the Company, which may include a premium or discount1:3 reverse stock split) as of April 30, 2020 and $30.48 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) as of December 31, 2019. We intend to begin to publish an updated estimated NAV for:
| · | the size of the Company’s portfolio as some buyers may pay more for a portfolio compared to prices for individual investments; |
| · | the overall geographic and tenant diversity of the portfolio as a whole; |
| · | the characteristics of the Company’s working capital, leverage, credit facilities and other financial structures where some buyers may ascribe different values based on synergies, cost savings or other attributes; |
| · | certain third-party transaction or other expenses that would be necessary to realize the value; |
| · | services being provided by personnel of advisors under the advisory agreement and the Company’s potential ability to secure the services of a management team on a long-term basis; or |
| · | the potential difference in per share value if the Company were to list its shares of common stock on a national securities exchange. |
Limitationsper share on at least quarterly basis within 45 days after the end of the Estimated Share Value
As with any valuation methodology, the NAV Methodology used by the board of directors in reaching an estimate of the value of the Company’s shares is based upon a number of estimates, assumptions, judgments and opinions that may, or may not, prove to be correct. The use of different valuation methods, estimates, assumptions, judgments or opinions may have resulted in significantly different estimates of the value of the Company’s shares. In addition, the board of directors’ estimate of share value is not basedeach quarter, barring extenuating circumstances. Additional information on the book valuesdetermination of our estimated NAV per share, including the Company's real estate, as determined by generally accepted accounting principles, as the Company’s book value for most real estate is based on the amortized cost of the property, subjectprocess used to certain adjustments.
Furthermore, in reaching an estimate of the value of the Company’s shares,determine our board of directors did not include a discount for debt that may include a prepayment obligation or a provision precluding assumption of the debt by a third party. In addition, selling costs were not considered by Cushman & Wakefield in the valuation of the properties. Other costs that are likely to be incurred in connection with an appropriate exit strategy, whether that strategy involves a listing of the Company's shares of common stock on a national securities exchange, a merger of the Company, or a sale of the Company’s portfolio were also not included in the board of directors is estimate of the value of the Company’s shares.
As a result, thereestimated NAV per share, can be no assurance that:
| · | stockholders will be able to realize the estimated share value upon attempting to sell their shares; |
| · | the Company will be able to achieve, for its stockholders, the estimated per share NAV upon a listing of the Company’s shares of common stock on a national securities exchange, a merger of the Company, or a sale of the Company’s portfolio; or |
| · | the estimated share value, or the methodology relied upon by the board of directors to estimate the share value, will be found by any regulatory authority to complyfound in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with ERISA, the Internal Revenue Code or other regulatory requirements. |
Furthermore, the estimated value of the Company's shares was calculated as of a particular point in time. The value of the Company's shares will fluctuate over time as a result of, among other things, developments related to individual assets and responses to the real estate and capital markets.
SEC on January 29, 2021.
Class C Common Stock (Registered Offerings)
All subscriptions that were received in good order and fully funded by the close of business on January 27, 2021 (prior to the most recent estimated per share NAV established by our board of directors) were processed using the $21.01 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) offering price. Effective January 27, 2021, the board of directors terminated the Follow-on Offering.
Class S Common Stock (Class S Offering)
Commencing on
January 19, 2018,February 1, 2021, the offering price for shares of
the Company's Class C common stock pursuant to the Registered Offering is $10.05 per share.Class S Common Stock (Class S Offering)
Commencing on January 19, 2018, the offering price for shares of the Company’sour Class S common stock offered exclusively to non-US Personspersons pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, under and in accordance with Regulation S of the Securities Act, is $10.05$23.03 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split), plus the amount of any applicable upfront commissions and fees. Our board of directors will adjust the offering price during the course of the Class S Offering on a quarterly basis to equal our most recently published NAV per share, plus the amount of any applicable upfront commissions and fees.
50
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
Pursuant to the terms
Historical Estimated NAVs per Share (Unaudited)
The historical reported estimated
value of the Company's shares, distributions will be reinvested in sharesNAVs per share of our common stock
at a price equal to the most recently disclosed estimated per share value, as determined(unaudited) approved by the board of directors
excluding thoseis set forth below (adjusted for the
board of directors designates as ineligible for reinvestment through the DRIP. Accordingly, shares of the Company's common1:3 reverse stock
issued pursuant to the DRIP will be issued for $10.05 per share.A participant may terminate participation in the DRIP at any time by delivering a written notice to the administrator. To be effective for any monthly distribution, such termination notice must be received by the Company at least ten (10) business days prior to the last day of the month to which the distribution relates. Any termination should be provided by written notice.
Stockholders who presently participate in the DRIP do not need to take any action to continue their participation in the DRIP.
split):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Estimated NAV per Share (Unaudited) | | Effective Date of Valuation | | Filing with the SEC |
| $23.03 | | December 31, 2020 | | January 29, 2021 |
| $21.01 | | April 30, 2020 | | May 22, 2020 |
| $30.81 | | December 31, 2019 | | January 31, 2020 |
| $30.48 | | December 31, 2018 | | January 14, 2019 |
Use of Proceeds from Sales of Registered Securities and Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
Use of Proceeds from Sales of Registered Securities
On June 1, 2016,
our Registration Statementthe Initial Registered Offering was declared effective by the SEC, and on
Form S-11 (File No. 333-205684) (the “Registration Statement”), covering an initial publicJuly 20, 2016, we began offering
to offer a maximum of 90,000,000 shares of common stock
for sale to the
public in the primary offering, was declared effective under the Securities Act.public. Pursuant to the
Registration Statement,Initial Registered Offering, we
also registered a maximum of 10,000,000sold shares of
our Class C common stock
pursuantdirectly to
our Registered DRP Offering. The shares of common stock covered by the Registration Statement were renamed and redesignated as Class C shares of common stock pursuant to amendments to the Company’s charter that became effectiveinvestors. Commencing in August
2017.The Registered Offering commenced on July 20, 2016. We intend to sell the2017, we began selling shares of Class C common stock offered in our primary offering and pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan untilU.S. persons only, as defined under the Securities Act, as a result of the commencement of the Class S Offering to non-U.S. Persons. Under applicable SEC rules, the registration statement for the Initial Registered Offering was scheduled to terminate on June 1, 2019, unless our board of directors terminatesbut remained effective because the offering at an earlier date or all shares being offered have been sold, in which caseCompany filed a new registration statement on Form S-11 for the offering will be terminated. If all ofFollow-on Offering with the shares we are offering have not been sold by June 1,SEC on May 24, 2019 our board of directors may furtherto extend the offeringInitial Registered Offering in accordance with Rule 415 of the Securities Act. Rule 415 of the Securities Act permits us to file a newThe Company’s initial registration statement on Form S-11 terminated when the Follow-on Offering was declared effective by the SEC on December 23, 2019. Effective January 27, 2021, the board of directors terminated the Follow-on Offering. In connection with the SEC, so thattermination of the Follow-on Offering, the Company stopped accepting investor subscriptions on January 22, 2021. In connection with the termination of the Follow-on Offering, we may continuously offerstopped accepting investor subscriptions on January 22, 2021. On January 22, 2021, we filed a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-252321) to register a maximum of $100,000,000 of additional shares of our Class C common stock. If our board of directors determinesstock to extend the offering beyond June 1, 2019, we will notify stockholders by filing a supplementbe issued pursuant to the prospectus for2021 DRP Offering. We commenced offering shares of Class C common stock pursuant to the Registered2021 DRP Offering with the SEC. We will also need to renew the registration statement or file a new registration statement in many states to continue the offering. We may terminate this offering at any time. Our board of directors will adjust the offering priceupon termination of the primary offering shares and distribution reinvestment plan shares during the course of this offering as described elsewhere herein.
As ofFollow-on Offering.
Through December 31,
2017,2020, we had sold
9,055,1756,627,934 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock in the Registered
Offering,Offerings, including
319,150790,479 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock sold under our Registered DRP Offering, for aggregate gross offering proceeds of
$90,551,753.Also, as of$197,527,817.
Through December 31,
2017,2019, we
had paid
$2,707,517a total of $5,371,195 to our
Former Sponsor as reimbursement for organizational and offering costs
for the Class C common stock, which reimbursement
iswas subject to
thea limit of 3% of gross offering
proceeds limitation.From the commencementproceeds. Pursuant to an amendment of the Registered Offering through December 31, 2017,Advisory Agreement, the net offering proceedsCompany agreed to us, after deducting the reimbursablepay all future organizational and offering expenses incurred as described above, were approximately $88,058,614, including netcosts, and to no longer be reimbursed by the Former Sponsor for investor relations personnel costs after September 30, 2019, in exchange for the Former Sponsor's agreement to terminate its right to receive 3% of all offering proceeds fromas reimbursement for organizational and offering costs paid by the Former Sponsor.
Effective January 27, 2021, our dividend reinvestment planboard of $3,066,828. directors terminated the Follow-on Offering. In connection with the termination of the Follow-on Offering, we stopped accepting investor subscriptions on January 22, 2021.
Substantially all of these proceeds, along with proceeds from the Class S Offering and debt financing, were used to make approximately $155,100,000$287,732,000 of investments in real estate properties, including the purchase price of our investments, deposits paid for future acquisitions, acquisition fees and expenses, and costs of leveraging each real estate investment. Of the use of the offering proceeds described in the prior statement, $4,167,292$7,666,690 and $326,600$696,150 were used to pay acquisition fees and financing coordination fees to our Former Advisor, respectively. Our Former Sponsor was reimbursed for $2,707,517$5,429,105 of organizational and offering costs.costs, including $57,910 of organizational and offering costs related to our Class S common stock. See Note 9 of the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statementsconsolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for details about fees paid to affiliates. In addition, as
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
During the three months ended December 31,
2017,2020, we issued
3,8003,810 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock to
the Company’sour directors for their services as board members. Such issuance was made in reliance on the exemption from registration under Rule 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.
During the three months ended December 31, 2017,2020, we also issued 32257 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class S common stock in the Class S Offering for aggregate gross offering proceeds of $320.$5,407. Such issuances were made in reliance ofon an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act under and in accordance with Regulation S of the Securities Act.
Distributions
We intend to pay distributions on a monthly basis, and we paid our first distribution on July 11, 2016. The rate is determined by our board of directors based on our financial condition and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant. Our board of directors has not pre-established a percentage range of return for distributions to stockholders. We have not established a minimum distribution level, and our charter does not require that we make distributions to our
stockholders.stockholders other than as necessary to meet REIT qualification requirements.
Subject to stockholder approval of planned amendments to our charter, we plan to pay a 13th distribution if our AFFO exceeds 100% of distributions declared for the year ending December 31, 2021. Any 13th distribution would be declared by our board of directors during January 2022 and be based on the outstanding shares held by stockholders on the declaration date using the following formula: (i) the daily amount of the 13th distribution divided by 365 days (ii) multiplied by the number of days such shares were held by such stockholder from January 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021. Stockholders will only be eligible for any 13th distribution declared by the board of directors if they hold such shares on the declaration date in January 2022.
During our offering stage, when we may raise capital more quickly than we acquire income producingincome-producing assets, and from time to timetime- to-time during our operational state, we may not pay distributions solely from operations. In these cases, distributions may be paid in whole or in part from the waiver or deferral of fees otherwise due to our Advisor or other sources, if so elected by our Advisor. Historically, the sources of cash used to pay our distributions have been from net rental income received and deferral of management fees.fees, if so elected by our Former Advisor through December 31, 2019. The leases for certain of our real estate acquisitions may provide for rent abatements. These abatements are an inducement for the tenant to enter into or extend the term of its lease. In connection with the acquisition of some properties, we may be able to negotiate a reduced purchase price for the acquired property in an amount that equals the previously agreed-upon rent abatement. In connection with the extension of the lease term of some existing properties, we may agree to pay a lease extension fee. During the period of any rent abatement on properties that we acquire or in relation to lease extension fees we pay, we may be unable to fully fund outour distributions from net rental income received and waivers or deferrals of Advisor asset management fees,received. In that event, we may expand the sources of cash used to fund outour stockholder distributions to include proceeds from the sale of our common stock, but only during the periods, and up to the amounts, of any rent abatements where we are able to negotiate a reduced purchase price. price or pay lease extension fees.
Distributions declared, distributions paid out, cash flows from operations and
the sourceour sources of distribution payments were as
follows:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sources of Distribution Payment | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Cash flows | | | | | | Waived | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (used in) | | | | | | Advisor | | | Deferred | | | | |
| | | Total | | | Distributions | | | | | | | | | provided by | | | Net Rental | | | Asset | | | Advisor Asset | | | | |
| | | distributions | | | declared per | | | Cash distributions paid | | | operating | | | Income | | | Management | | | Management | | | Offering | |
| Period | | declared | | | share | | | Cash | | | Reinvested | | | activities | | | Received | | | Fees | | | Fees (3) | | | Proceeds | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2016: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter 2016 | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | (91 | ) | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | |
| Second Quarter 2016 | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 56,531 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
| Third Quarter 2016 | | | 12,078 | | | | 0.140 | | | | 4,852 | | | | 7,226 | | | | (589,184 | )(1) | | | 280 | | | | 11,798 | | | | 35,395 | | | | - | |
| Fourth Quarter 2016 | | | 159,083 | (1) | | | 0.175 | | | | 41,313 | | | | 117,770 | | | | (139,388 | )(1)(2) | | | 113,803 | | | | 15,703 | | | | 47,108 | | | | - | |
| 2016 Totals | | $ | 171,161 | | | $ | 0.315 | | | $ | 46,165 | | | $ | 124,996 | | | $ | (672,132 | ) | | $ | 114,083 | | | $ | 27,501 | | | $ | 82,503 | | | $ | - | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2017: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter 2017 | | $ | 486,862 | | | $ | 0.175 | | | $ | 100,126 | | | $ | 386,736 | | | $ | 182,764 | | | $ | 377,405 | | | $ | 27,316 | | | $ | 82,141 | | | $ | - | |
| Second Quarter 2017 | | | 824,641 | | | | 0.175 | | | | 152,193 | | | | 672,448 | | | | 1,248,798 | | | | 629,515 | | | | 48,709 | | | | 146,417 | | | | - | |
| Third Quarter 2017 | | | 1,120,503 | | | | 0.175 | | | | 212,300 | | | | 908,203 | | | | 1,114,810 | | | | 658,133 | | | | 43,499 | | | | 130,501 | | | | 288,370 | |
| Fourth Quarter 2017 | | | 1,368,619 | | | | 0.175 | | | | 268,911 | | | | 1,099,708 | (4) | | | 1,244,465 | | | | 1,272,850 | | | | 24,016 | | | | 71,753 | | | | - | |
| 2017 Totals | | $ | 3,800,625 | | | $ | 0.700 | | | $ | 733,530 | | | $ | 3,067,095 | | | $ | 3,790,837 | | | $ | 2,937,903 | | | $ | 143,540 | | | $ | 430,812 | | | $ | 288,370 | |
| (1) | Updated for immaterial corrections. |
| (2) | Includes the reclassification of $37,554 of distributions received in the fourth quarter of 2016 from our investment in Rich Uncles REIT I as a result of retroactively adopting ASU 2016-15. |
| (3) | During the year ended December 31, 2016, $35,395 and $17,531 of deferred Advisor asset management fees relating to the third quarter and fourth quarter 2016, respectively, were paid. |
| (4) | The distribution paid per share of Class S common stock is net of deferred selling commissions.
|
follows for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Cash Flows
Provided by
(Used in) Operating
Activities | | Sources of Distribution Payment |
| Period (1) | | Total
Distributions
Declared | | Distributions
Declared Per
Share | | | | | | | Net Rental
Income
Received | | Waived
Advisor
Asset
Management
Fees | | Deferred
Advisor Asset
Management
Fees | | Offering
Proceeds (10) |
| | | Distributions Paid | | | | | |
| | | Cash | | Reinvested | | | | | |
| 2020: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter 2020 (2) | | $ | 4,189,102 | | | $ | 0.523018 | | | $ | 1,379,751 | | | $ | 2,360,514 | | | $ | 1,947,505 | | (*) | $ | 4,189,102 | | | (11) | | (11) | | $ | — | |
| Second Quarter 2020 (3) | | 3,270,291 | | | 0.407691 | | | 1,710,514 | | | 2,304,199 | | | (774,533) | | (*) | 3,270,291 | | | (11) | | (11) | | — | |
| Third Quarter 2020 (4) | | 2,135,815 | | | 0.264656 | | | 981,432 | | | 1,150,452 | | | 2,638,676 | | | 2,135,815 | | | (11) | | (11) | | — | |
| Fourth Quarter 2020 (5) | | 2,106,620 | | | 0.264656 | | | 947,519 | | | 1,143,369 | | | 1,765,192 | | | 2,106,620 | | | (11) | | (11) | | — | |
| 2020 Totals | | $ | 11,701,828 | | | $ | 1.460021 | | | $ | 5,019,216 | | | $ | 6,958,534 | | | $ | 5,576,840 | | (*) | $ | 11,701,828 | | | | | | | $ | — | |
| 2019: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter 2019 (6) | | $ | 2,388,694 | | | $ | 0.527625 | | | $ | 552,134 | | | $ | 1,763,630 | | | $ | 773,736 | | | $ | 2,388,694 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| Second Quarter 2019 (7) | | 2,605,268 | | | 0.527625 | | | 630,184 | | | 1,900,893 | | | 2,112,395 | | | 2,605,268 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Third Quarter 2019 (8) | | 2,784,235 | | | 0.527625 | | | 719,257 | | | 2,020,768 | | | 1,677,064 | | (*) | 2,784,235 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Fourth Quarter 2019 (9) | | 2,807,322 | | | 0.527625 | | | 2,116,411 | | | 667,391 | | | 185,709 | | (*) | 2,807,322 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| 2019 Totals | | $ | 10,585,519 | | | $ | 2.110500 | | | $ | 4,017,986 | | | $ | 6,352,682 | | | $ | 4,748,904 | | (*) | $ | 10,585,519 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
(*) Includes non-recurring Merger costs of $201,920 included in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020 ($193,460 during the quarter ended March 31, 2020 and $8,460 during the quarter ended June 30, 2020) and $1,468,913 for the year ended December 31, 2019 ($800,359 during the quarter ended September 30, 2019 and $668,554 during the quarter ended December 31, 2019).
(1)The distribution paid per share of Class S common stock is net of deferred selling commissions.
(2)The distribution of $1,415,328 for the month of March 2020 was declared in January 2020 and paid on April 27, 2020. The amount was recorded as a liability as of March 31, 2020.
(3)The distribution of $691,443 for the month of June 2020 was declared in May 2020 and paid on July 27, 2020. The amount was recorded as a liability as of June 30, 2020.
(4)The distribution of $674,837 for the month of September 2020 was declared in May 2020 and paid on October 26, 2020. The amount was recorded as a liability as of September 30, 2020.
(5)The distribution of $690,569 for the month of December 2020 was declared in September 2020 and paid on January 22, 2021. The amount was recorded as a liability as of December 31, 2020.
(6)The distribution of $821,300 for the month of March 2019 was declared in February 2019 and paid on April 25, 2019. The amount was recorded as a liability as of March 31, 2019.
(7)The distribution of $896,291 for the month of June 2019 was declared in February 2019 and paid on July 25, 2019. The amount was recorded as a liability as of June 30, 2019.
(8)The distribution of $937,863 for the month of September 2019 was declared in August 30, 2019 and paid on October 25, 2019. The amount was recorded as a liability as of September 30, 2019.
(9)The distribution of $966,491 for the month of December 2019 was declared in August 30, 2019 and paid on January 25, 2020. The amount was recorded as a liability as of December 31, 2019.
(10)In 2017connection with the acquisition of some properties, we may negotiate a reduced purchase price for the acquired property in an amount that equals an agreed-upon rent abatement. During the period of any rent abatement on properties that we acquire, we may be unable to fully fund our distributions from net rental income received and 2016,waivers or deferrals of Advisor asset management fees. In connection with the extension of the lease term of some existing properties, we paid allmay agree to pay a lease extension fee. In those events, we may expand the sources of cash used to fund our stockholder distributions to include proceeds from the sale of our dividends in cash.common stock, but only during the periods, and up to the amounts, of any rent abatements where we are able to negotiate a reduced purchase price or the amounts extend a lease term by payment of an extension fee.
(11)Subsequent to the Self-Management Transaction on December 31, 2019, asset management fees are not applicable.
Distributions are paid on a monthly basis. For the year ended December 31, 2020, distributions paid to our stockholders were 0% ordinary income, 0% capital gain and 100% return of capital/non-dividend distribution. For the year ended December 31, 2019, distributions paid to our stockholders were 18.1% ordinary income, 0% capital gain and 81.9% return of capital/non-dividend distribution. The following presents the
U.S. federal income tax characterization of the distributions
paid:| | | Years ended December 31 | |
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| Ordinary income | | $ | 0.111 | | | $ | 0.000 | |
| Non-taxable distribution | | | 0.589 | | | | 0.320 | |
Total | | $ | 0.700 | | | $ | 0.320 | |
Forpaid in 2020 and 2019 (adjusted for the year ended December 31, 2017, distributions paid to our stockholders were 15.8% ordinary income, 0% capital gain, and 84.2% return of capital/non-dividend distribution. Distributions are paid on a monthly basis
1:3 reverse stock split): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Ordinary income | | $ | — | | | $ | 0.3825 | |
| Non-taxable distribution | | 1.4600 | | | 1.7280 | |
| Total | | $ | 1.4600 | | | $ | 2.1105 | |
Distributions to stockholders
for the year ended December 31, 2017 were declared and paid
monthly based on daily record dates at rates per share per
dayday. The distribution rate details are as follows:
| Distribution Period | | Rate per Share
per Day | | | Declaration Date | | Payment Date |
| 2016 | | | | | | | |
| June 15 (date of purchase of first property)-30 | | $ | 0.00180556 | | | July 5, 2016 | | July 11, 2016 |
| July 1-31 | | $ | 0.00174731 | | | August 10, 2016 | | August 11, 2016 |
| August 1-31 | | $ | 0.00174731 | | | September 7, 2016 | | September 12, 2016 |
| September 1-30 | | $ | 0.00194440 | | | October 7, 2016 | | October 11, 2016 |
| October 1-31 | | $ | 0.00188170 | | | November 9, 2016 | | November 10, 2016 |
| November 1-30 | | $ | 0.00194440 | | | December 12, 2016 | | December 12, 2016 |
| December 1-31 | | $ | 0.00188170 | | | January 10, 2017 | | January 10, 2017 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| 2017 | | | | | | | | |
| January 1-31 | | $ | 0.00188170 | | | February 10, 2017 | | February 10, 2017 |
| February 1-28 | | $ | 0.00208333 | | | March 10, 2017 | | March 10, 2017 |
| March 1-31 | | $ | 0.00188170 | | | April 10, 2017 | | April 10, 2017 |
| April 1-30 | | $ | 0.00194440 | | | May 10, 2017 | | May 10, 2017 |
| May 1-31 | | $ | 0.00188170 | | | June 10, 2017 | | June 10, 2017 |
| June 1-30 | | $ | 0.00194440 | | | July 11, 2017 | | July 11, 2017 |
| July 1-31 | | $ | 0.00188170 | | | August 10, 2017 | | August 10, 2017 |
| August 1-31 | | $ | 0.00188170 | | | September 11, 2017 | | September 11, 2017 |
| September 1-30 | | $ | 0.00194440 | | | October 11, 2017 | | October 11, 2017 |
| October 1-31 | | $ | 0.00188170 | | (1) | November 10, 2017 | | November 10, 2017 |
| November 1-30 | | $ | 0.00194440 | | (1) | December 10, 2017 | | December 10, 2017 |
| December 1-31 | | $ | 0.00188170 | | (1) | January 19, 2018 | | January 25, 2018 |
| 2018 | | | | | | | |
| January 1-31 | | $ | 0.00189113 | | (1) | February 1, 2018 | | February 26, 2018 |
| February 1-28 | | $ | 0.00209380 | | (1) | February 1, 2018 | | February 26, 2018 |
| March 1-31 | | $ | 0.00189113 | | (1) | March 20, 2018 | | April 25, 2018 |
| (1) | The distribution paid per share of Class S common stock is net of deferred selling commissions. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Distribution Period | | Rate Per Share
Per Day (1)(2) | | Declaration Date | | Payment Date |
| 2021: | | | | | | |
| January 1-31 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | December 9, 2020 | | February 25, 2021 |
| February 1-28 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | January 27, 2021 | | March 25, 2021 |
| March 1-31 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | January 27, 2021 | | April 26, 2021 (3) |
| April 1-30 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | March 25, 2021 | | May 25, 2021 (3) |
| May 1-31 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | March 25, 2021 | | June 25, 2021 (3) |
| June 1-30 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | March 25, 2021 | | July 26, 2021 (3) |
| | | | | | |
| 2020: | | | | | | |
| January 1-31 | | $ | 0.00576630 | | | December 18, 2019 | | February 25, 2020 |
| February 1-29 | | $ | 0.00573771 | | | January 24, 2020 | | March 25, 2020 |
| March 1-31 | | $ | 0.00573771 | | | January 24, 2020 | | April 27, 2020 |
| April 1-30 | | $ | 0.00573771 | | | January 24, 2020 | | May 26, 2020 |
| May 1-31 | | $ | 0.00481479 | | | May 20, 2020 | | June 25, 2020 |
| June 1-30 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | May 20, 2020 | | July 27, 2020 |
| July 1-31 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | May 20, 2020 | | August 25, 2020 |
| August 1-31 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | May 20, 2020 | | September 25, 2020 |
| September 1-30 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | May 20, 2020 | | October 26, 2020 |
| October 1-31 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | September 30, 2020 | | November 25, 2020 |
| November 1-30 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | September 30, 2020 | | December 28, 2020 |
| December 1-31 | | $ | 0.00287670 | | | September 30, 2020 | | January 22, 2021 |
Going forward, we expect our board
(1)Adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split.
(2)The distribution paid per share of directors to continue to declare cash distributions based on daily record dates and to pay these distributions on a monthly basis, and after the Offerings to continue to declareClass S common stock distributions based on a single recordis net of deferred selling commissions.
(3)Expected payment date as of the end of the month, and to pay these dividends on a monthly basis. Cash distributions will be determined by our board of directors based on our financial condition and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant. Our board of directors has not pre-established a percentage rate of return for stock dividends or cash distributions to stockholders. We have not established a minimum dividend or distribution level, and our charter does not require that we make dividends or distributions to our stockholders other than as necessary to meet IRS REIT qualification standards.Our operating performance cannot be accurately predicted and may deteriorate in the future due to numerous factors, including those discussed under “Risk Factors.” Those factors include: our ability to continue to raise capital to make additional investments; the future operating performance of our current and future real estate investments in the existing real estate and financial environment; our Advisor’s ability to identify additional real estate investments that are suitable to execute our investment objectives; the success and economic viability of our tenants; our ability to refinance existing indebtedness at comparable terms; changes in interest rates on any variable rate debt obligations we incur; and the level of participation in our dividend reinvestment plan. In the event our cash flow from operations decreases in the future, the level of our distributions may also decrease. In addition, future distributions declared and paid may exceed cash flow from operations, to the extent that the Advisor defers payment of fees and reimbursements to which it is entitled.
distribution.
To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must make aggregate annual distributions to our stockholders of at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (which is computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). If we meet the REIT qualification requirements, we generally will not be subject to
U.S. federal income tax on the income that we distribute to our stockholders each year. Our board of directors may authorize distributions in excess of those required for us to maintain REIT status depending on our financial condition and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant.
Share Repurchase Program
Our operating performance cannot be accurately predicted and may deteriorate in the future due to numerous factors, including those discussed under Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors. Those factors include: (a) our ability to continue to raise capital to make additional investments; (b) the future operating performance of our current and future real estate investments in the existing real estate and financial environment; (c) our ability to identify additional real estate investments that are suitable to execute our investment objectives; (d) the success and economic viability of our tenants; (e) our ability to refinance existing indebtedness at comparable terms; (f) changes in interest rates on any variable rate debt obligations we incur; and (g) the level of participation in our DRPs. In the event our cash flow from operations decreases in the future, the level of our distributions may also decrease.
Distribution Reinvestment Plans
Pursuant to the terms of our DRPs, distributions (excluding those our board of directors has authorizeddesignates as ineligible for reinvestment through the DRPs) will be reinvested in shares of our Class C and Class S common stock at a price equal to the most recently disclosed estimated NAV per share, repurchase programas determined by our board of directors. Accordingly, shares of our Class C and Class S common stock issued pursuant to the DRPs were issued for our$30.48 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) from February 1, 2019 until January 31, 2020, $30.81 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) commencing February 1, 2020 until May 31, 2020, and $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) from June 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021, and will be issued for $23.03 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) commencing on February 1, 2021.
On January 22, 2021, we filed a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-252321) to register a maximum of $100,000,000 of additional shares of Class C common stock
to be issued pursuant to the amended and
a share repurchase program for our Class S common stock.In accordance with our share repurchase program for ourrestated DRP. We commenced offering shares of Class C common stock pursuant to the 2021 DRP Offering upon termination of the Follow-on Offering.
A participant may terminate participation in the DRP at any time by delivering electronic notice on their personal on-line dashboard or written notice to us. To be effective for any monthly distribution, such termination notice must be received by us at least 10 business days prior to the last day of the month to which the distribution relates. Any termination must include the investor's bank account information necessary for Automated Clearing House deposits directly in their bank account.
Stockholders who presently participate in the DRP do not need to take any action to continue their participation in the DRP.
Share Repurchase Programs
In accordance with the Class C SRP, prior to February 1, 2021, the per share repurchase price dependsfor shares of Class C common stock depended on the length of time the redeeming stockholder hashad held such shares as follows:
(i)less than one year from the purchase date, 97% of the most recently published NAV per share;
(ii)after at least one year but less than two years from the purchase date, 98% of the most recently published NAV per share;
(iii)after at least two years but less than three years from the purchase date, 99% of the most recently published NAV per share; and
(iv)after three years from the purchase date, 100% of the most recently published NAV per share. Our
Effective February 1, 2021, the per share repurchase price for shares of Class C common stock depends on the following length of time the redeeming stockholder has held such shares:
(i) less than two years from the purchase date, 98% of the most recently published NAV per share; and
(ii) after at least two years from the purchase date, 100% of the most recently published NAV per share.
Repurchase requests submitted on or prior to January 22, 2021 were processed using the NAV of $21.01 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). For repurchase requests submitted after February 1, 2021, the estimated NAV of $23.03 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) shall serve as the most recently published NAV per share effective asfor purposes of January 19, 2018 is $10.05. Priorthe SRP applicable to January 19, 2018, repurchases under the share repurchase program of shares of our Class C common stock were made based on our initial offering pricestock.
Shares of Class S common stock are not eligible for repurchase unless they have been held for at least one year. After this holding period has been met,
shares of Class S
sharescommon stock can be
redeemedrepurchased at the most recently published NAV
which is currently $10.05.Asper share. Therefore, repurchase requests submitted on or prior to January 22, 2021 were processed using the NAV of December 31, 2017, 303,004 shares had been tendered for redemption by the Company, which represented all redemption requests received in good order$21.01 per share (unaudited and eligible for redemption through December 31, 2017. All of these shares had been redeemed exceptadjusted for the 39,731 of shares in connection with the1:3 reverse stock split). For repurchase requests that were made in December 2017submitted after February 1, 2021, the estimated NAV of $23.03 per share (unaudited and were repurchased on January 4, 2018. These shares were repurchased withadjusted for the proceeds from reinvested dividends at 97%1:3 reverse stock split) shall serve as the most recently published NAV per share for purposes of the pre-NAV $10.00 price per share during the 12-month period and 98%SRP applicable to shares of the pre-NAV $10.00 price per share during the 12- to 24-month period following a stockholder’s investment in the shares.
Class S common stock.
Limitations on Repurchase
We may, but are not required to, use available cash not otherwise dedicated to a particular use to pay the repurchase price, including cash proceeds generated from the
dividend reinvestment plan,DRP, securities offerings, operating cash flow not intended for distributions,
borrowingsdebt financing and
capital transactions, such as asset
sales or loan refinancings.sales. We cannot guarantee that we will have sufficient available cash to accommodate all repurchase requests made in any given month.
In addition, we may not repurchase shares in an amount that would violate the restrictions on distributions under Maryland law, which prohibits distributions that would cause a corporation to fail to meet statutory tests of solvency.
Additional limitations on share repurchases under the
share repurchase programSRPs are
as follows:Post-NAV Calculation
Following the initial calculationdiscussed below.
•Repurchases per month are limited to no more than 2% of our most recently determined aggregate NAV, andwhich we currently intend to calculate on a quarterly basis within 45 days after the end of each quarter, barring any extenuating circumstances (and calculated as of the last day of the immediately preceding quarter). Repurchases for any calendar quarter will be limited to no more than 5% of our most recently determined aggregate NAV, perwhich means we will be permitted to repurchase shares with a value of up to an aggregate limit of approximately 20% of our aggregate NAV in any 12-month period.
•The foregoing repurchase limitations will be based on “net repurchases” during a quarter or month, as applicable. The term “net repurchases” means the excess of our share which occurredrepurchases (capital outflows) over the proceeds from the sale of our shares (capital inflows) for a given period. Thus, for any given calendar quarter or month, the maximum amount of repurchases during that quarter or month will be equal to (1) 5% or 2% (as applicable) of our most recently determined aggregate NAV, plus (2) proceeds from sales of new shares in January 2018,the current offering (including purchases pursuant to our DRPs) since the beginning of a current calendar quarter or month, less (3) repurchase proceeds paid since the beginning of the current calendar quarter or month.
•While we are subjectcurrently intend to calculate the followingforegoing repurchase limitations on a net basis, our board of directors may choose whether the 5% quarterly limit will be applied to “gross repurchases,” meaning that amounts paid to repurchase shares would not be netted against capital inflows. If repurchases for a given quarter are measured on a gross basis rather than on a net basis, the 5% quarterly limit could limit the number of shares repurchased in a given quarter despite us receiving a net capital inflow for that quarter.
•In order for our board of directors to change the basis of repurchases from net to gross, or vice versa, we maywill provide notice to our stockholders in a current or periodic report filed with the SEC, as well as in a press release or on our website, at least 10 days before the first business day of the quarter for which the new test will apply. The determination to measure repurchases on a gross or net basis, or vice versa, will only be made for an entire quarter, and not particular months within a quarter.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we received valid repurchase
requests under
our SRPs totaling approximately 2,689,138 shares of common stock (adjusted for the
program: | · | Repurchases per month will be limited to no more than 2% of our most recently determined aggregate NAV, which the we currently intend to calculate on an annual basis, in January of each year (and calculated as of December 31 of the immediately preceding year). Repurchases for any calendar quarter will be limited to no more than 5% of our most recently determined aggregate NAV, which means we will be permitted to repurchase shares with a value of up to an aggregate limit of approximately 20% of our aggregate NAV in any 12-month period. |
| | |
| · | We currently intend that the foregoing repurchase limitations will be based on “net repurchases” during a quarter or month, as applicable. The term “net repurchases” means the excess of our share repurchases (capital outflows) over the proceeds from the sale of our shares (capital inflows) for a given period. Thus, for any given calendar quarter or month, the maximum amount of repurchases during that quarter or month will be equal to (1) 5% or 2% (as applicable) of our most recently determined aggregate NAV, plus (2) proceeds from sales of new shares in the offering (including purchases pursuant to our dividend reinvestment plan) since the beginning of a current calendar quarter or month, less (3) repurchase proceeds paid since the beginning of the current calendar quarter or month. |
| | |
| · | While we currently intend to calculate the foregoing repurchase limitations on a net basis, our board of directors may choose whether the 5% quarterly limit will be applied to “gross repurchases,” meaning that amounts paid to repurchase shares would not be netted against capital inflows. If repurchases for a given quarter are measured on a gross basis rather than on a net basis, the 5% quarterly limit could limit the number of shares redeemed in a given quarter despite us receiving a net capital inflow for that quarter. |
| | |
| · | In order for our board of directors to change the basis of repurchases from net to gross, or vice versa, we will provide notice to our stockholders in a prospectus supplement to the prospectus for the Registered Offering or current or periodic report filed with the SEC, as well as in a press release or on our website, at least 10 days before the first business day of the quarter for which the new test will apply. The determination to measure repurchases on a gross basis, or vice versa, will only be made for an entire quarter, and not particular months within a quarter. |
1:3 reverse stock split), including resubmitted requests which were previously declined when we honored partial requests, of which we repurchased approximately 690,869 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) as of December 31, 2020 for approximately $17,576,261 (at an average repurchase price of $25.44 per share, as adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). From inception of the Initial Registered Offering through December 31, 2020, we repurchased 1,482,188 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of common stock for approximately $41,074,457.
During the period October 2020 to December 2020, the Company received share repurchase requests and repurchased shares as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value of Share Repurchase Requests Received | | Repurchase Date | | Value of Shares Repurchased (1) |
| October 2020 | | $ | 5,907,195 | | | November 4, 2020 | | $ | 1,537,198 | |
| November 2020 | | $ | 6,169,549 | | | December 3, 2020 | | $ | 1,491,664 | |
| December 2020 | | $ | 4,304,962 | | | January 6, 2021 | | $ | 2,980,560 | |
(1) Included extraordinary circumstance repurchases and after applicable administrative fees for shares held less than three years.
The following table summarizes our repurchase activity under our
share repurchase programSRPs for our
Class C common stock for the three months ended December 31,
2017. As of December 31, 2017, we have not repurchased any2020, including shares of our Class S common
stock.| | | Total number of
Shares
Requested to be
Repurchased (1) | | | Total Number of
Shares
Repurchased
During the
Month | | | Average Price
Paid per Share (2) | | | Dollar Value of
Shares Available
That May
Be Repurchased
Under the
Program (2) | |
| October 2017 | | | 21,651 | | | | 19,980 | | | $ | 9.72 | | | $ | 439,348 | |
| November 2017 | | | 52,143 | | | | 21,651 | | | $ | 9.72 | | | $ | 545,600 | |
| December 2017 | | | 39,731 | | | | 52,143 | | | $ | 9.72 | | | $ | 648,006 | |
| Total | | | 113,525 | | | | 93,774 | | | $ | 9.72 | | | $ | 1,632,954 | |
| (1) | We generally repurchase shares approximately 5 days following the end of the applicable month in which requests were received and not withdrawn. |
| (2) | Because our initial calculation of NAV did not occur until January 2018, the maximum amount that could be repurchased was limited to 5% of the weighted average outstanding shares of Class C common stock in the prior 12 months less the actual shares repurchased during the same 12-month period. The dollar value is as of the last day of the month presented. The dollar value is calculated as (1) the maximum number of shares that could be repurchased (5% of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the prior twelve months (or a shorter period if we had not been selling shares for twelve months) reduced by the number of shares already repurchased multiplied by (2) the repurchase price (which was 97% of the then-current $10.00 per share offering price for shares of Class C common stock held by the stockholder for less than a year (which would be most of the shares through December 31, 2017), 98% of the then-current $10.00 per share offering price for shares of Class C common stock held by the stockholder for more than a year and less than two years, 99% of the then-current $10.00 per share offering price for shares of Class C common stock held by the stockholder for more than a two years and less than three years, and 100% of the then-current $10.00 per share offering price for shares of Class C common stock held by the stockholder for more than three years). |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Repurchases (1)(2)(3) | | Total Number of
Shares
Repurchased
During the
Quarter | | Average Price
Paid per Share | | Total Number of Shares Purchased As Part of Publicly Announced Plan or Program | | Dollar Value of
Shares Available
That May
Be Repurchased
Under the
Program |
| October 2020 | | 66,552 | | | $ | 20.94 | | | 65,115 | | | (4) |
| November 2020 | | 73,200 | | | $ | 21.00 | | | 73,200 | | | (4) |
| December 2020 | | 71,429 | | | $ | 20.88 | | | 71,429 | | | (4) |
| Total | | 211,181 | | | $ | 20.94 | | | 209,743 | | | (4) |
(1)We generally repurchase shares within three business days following the end of the applicable month in which requests were received and not withdrawn.
(2)The shares of common stock repurchased in each month were requested for repurchase in the prior month.
(3)Adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split on February 1, 2021.
(4)A description of the maximum number of shares that may be purchased under our SRPs is included in the narrative preceding this table.
Procedures for Repurchase
Post-NAV Calculation
Qualifying stockholders who desire to have their shares repurchased by us would have to give notice as provided on their personal on-line dashboard atwww.RichUncles.comwww.modiv.com. All requests for repurchase must be received by our Advisorus at least two business days prior to the end of a month in order for the repurchase to be considered in the following month. Stockholders may also withdraw a previously made request to have stockholder shares repurchased but must do so at least two business days prior to the end of a month. We will generally repurchase shares on the third business day after the end of a month in which a request for repurchase was received and not withdrawn. We cannot guarantee that we will have sufficient available cash to accommodate any or all repurchase requests made in any given month.
If, as a result of a request for repurchase, a stockholder will own shares of our Class C common stock or our Class S common stock having a value of less than $1,000 (based on our most recently-published offering price per share), we reserve the right to repurchase all of the shares of Class C common stock or Class S common stock owned by such stockholder.
As noted above, we may use cash not otherwise dedicated to a particular use to fund repurchases under the
share repurchase program.SRPs. However,
we haveour management has the discretion to repurchase fewer shares than have been requested to be repurchased in a particular month or quarter, or to repurchase no shares at all, in the event that we lack readily available funds to do so due to market conditions beyond our control, our need to main liquidity for our operations or because
we determineour management determines that investing in real property or other illiquid investments is a better use of our capital than repurchasing our shares. Any determination to repurchase fewer shares than have been requested to be repurchased may be made immediately prior to the applicable date of repurchase.
We will disclose any such determination to our current and prospective stockholders.
In the event that we repurchase some but not all of the shares submitted for repurchase in a given period,
shareshares submitted for repurchase during such period will be repurchased on a
pro ratapro-rata basis. If, in each of the first two months of a quarter, the 2% monthly repurchase limit is reached and repurchases are reduced
pro ratapro-rata for such months, then in the third and final month of that quarter, the applicable limit for such month will be less than 2% of our aggregate NAV because repurchases for that month, combined with repurchases for the two previous months, cannot exceed 5% of our aggregate NAV.
If we do not repurchase all shares presented for repurchase in a given period, then all unsatisfied repurchase requests must be resubmitted at the start of the next month or quarter, or upon the recommencement of the
share repurchase programSRP (in the event of its suspension), as
applicable.Any stockholder can withdrawapplicable, to be eligible for repurchase in a repurchase request by sending written notice to the program administrator, provided such notice is received at leastlater month. Within three business days beforeafter a stockholder repurchase request becomes fully or partially unsatisfied, we will notify the endstockholder by email that the unsatisfied portion of the month.
request must be resubmitted.
Amendment, Suspension or Termination of Program and Notice
Our board of directors may amend, suspend or terminate the
share repurchase programSRPs without stockholder approval upon
3010 days’ notice, if our directors believe such action is in our and our stockholders’ best interests, including because share repurchases place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations, adversely affect stockholders whose shares are not repurchased, or if board of directors determines that the funds otherwise available to fund our
share repurchase programSRPs are needed for other purposes.
The SRPs will immediately terminate if our shares are listed on any national securities exchange. In addition, our board of directors may amend, suspend or terminate the
share repurchase programSRPs due to changes in law or regulation, or if the board of directors becomes aware of undisclosed material information that it believes should be publicly disclosed before shares are repurchased. Material modifications, including any reduction to the monthly or quarterly limitations on repurchases, and suspensions of the
stock repurchase program,SRPs, will be promptly disclosed
(i) in a
supplement or amendment to our prospectus
supplement (or post-effective amendment) or
private placement memorandum, if applicable, (ii) in a current or periodic report filed with SEC,
as well asand (iii) on our website.
| ITEM 6. | SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA |
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following is selected financial data as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016, and for the period ended from May 14, 2015 (date of inception) to December 31, 2015,which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes thereforthereto andPart II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations:
| | | December 31, | |
| Balance sheet data | | 2017 | | | 2016 | | | 2015 | |
| Total real estate investment, net | | $ | 149,759,638 | | | $ | 36,275,665 | | | $ | -- | |
| Total assets | | | 157,073,447 | | | | 41,302,560 | | | | 200,815 | |
| Mortgage notes payable, net | | | 60,487,303 | | | | 7,113,701 | | | | -- | |
| Unsecured credit facility, net | | | 12,000,000 | | | | 10,156,685 | | | | -- | |
| Total liabilities | | | 77,777,232 | | | | 18,874,794 | | | | 7,000 | |
| Redeemable common stock | | | 46,349 | | | | 196,660 | | | | -- | |
| Total stockholders’ equity | | | 79,249,866 | | | | 22,231,106 | | | | 193,815 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Years ended
December 31, | | | Period from May 14, 2015 (date of inception) to | |
| Operating data | | 2017 | | | 2016 | | | December 31, 2015 | |
| Total revenues | | $ | 7,390,206 | | | $ | 861,744 | | | $ | -- | |
| Net loss | | | (868,484 | ) | | | (1,237,441 | ) | | | (6,185 | ) |
| Other data: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash flows provided by (used in) operations | | | 3,790,837 | | | | (672,132 | ) | | | 815 | |
| Cash flows used in investing activities | | | (115,593,935 | ) | | | (37,155,065 | ) | | | -- | |
| Cash flows provided by financing activities | | | 112,308,480 | | | | 41,303,755 | | | | 200,000 | |
| Per share data: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Distributions declared per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Class C | | | 0.700 | | | | 0.32 | | | | -- | |
| Class S | | | 0.175 | (1) | | | -- | | | | -- | |
| Net loss per common share – basic and diluted (see Note 2 to the Notes to our consolidated financial statements) | | | (0.15 | ) | | | (2.89 | ) | | | (4.95 | ) |
| Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted | | | 5,982,930 | | | | 428,255 | | | | 1,250 | |
| (1) | The distribution paid per share of Class S common stock is net of deferred selling commissions. |
| ITEM 7. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | December 31, |
| Balance sheet data | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Real estate investments, net (1) | | $ | 339,459,007 | | | $ | 413,924,282 | | | $ | 238,924,160 | | | $ | 149,759,638 | | | $ | 36,275,665 | |
| Real estate investment held for sale, net (1) | | 24,585,739 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Goodwill, net (2) | | 17,320,857 | | | 50,588,000 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Intangible assets, net (2) | | 5,127,788 | | | 7,700,000 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Total assets | | 407,433,014 | | | 490,917,263 | | | 252,425,902 | | | 157,073,447 | | | 41,302,560 | |
| Mortgage notes payable, net (3) | | 9,088,438 | | | 194,039,207 | | | 122,709,308 | | | 60,487,303 | | | 7,113,701 | |
| Mortgage notes payable related to real estate investments held for sale, net (3) | | 175,925,918 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Unsecured credit facility, net | | 5,978,276 | | | 7,649,861 | | | 8,998,000 | | | 12,000,000 | | | 10,156,685 | |
| Total liabilities | | 217,180,778 | | | 236,675,009 | | | 143,332,182 | | | 77,777,232 | | | 18,874,794 | |
| Redeemable common stock (4) | | 7,365,568 | | | 14,069,692 | | | 6,000,951 | | | 46,349 | | | 196,660 | |
| Total equity | | 182,886,668 | | | 240,172,562 | | | 103,092,769 | | | 79,249,866 | | | 22,231,106 | |
(1) During the year ended December 31, 2020, we sold five real estate investments with an aggregate carrying value of $24,067,388 for a net gain of $4,139,749 and recorded impairment charges of $10,267,625 to six of our real estate investments primarily as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic as described in Notes 1, 3 and 4 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. On December 31, 2019, we completed the Merger with REIT I resulting in the acquisition of 20 properties, primarily in California.
(2) During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recorded impairment charges of $33,267,143 to goodwill and $1,305,260 to intangible assets as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic as described in Notes 1, 3 and 4 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(3) Changes from prior year relate primarily to notes payable on the five real estate investments sold as discussed in (1) above.
(4) Redeemable common stock as of the balance sheet date is a contingent obligation which reflects the maximum amount of common stock that could be repurchased during the first quarter following the balance sheet date.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Years Ended December 31, |
| Operating data | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Total revenues | | $ | 38,903,430 | | | $ | 24,544,958 | | | $ | 17,984,625 | | | $ | 7,390,206 | | | $ | 861,744 | |
| Net loss (1) | | $ | (49,141,910) | | | $ | (4,415,992) | | | $ | (1,801,724) | | | $ | (868,484) | | | $ | (1,237,441) | |
| Other data: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash flows provided by (used in) operations | | $ | 5,576,840 | | | $ | 4,748,904 | | | $ | 5,881,889 | | | $ | 3,790,837 | | | $ | (672,132) | |
| Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities | | $ | 24,778,295 | | | $ | (29,602,469) | | | $ | (92,019,684) | | | $ | (115,593,935) | | | $ | (37,155,065) | |
| Cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities | | $ | (28,914,535) | | | $ | 23,034,567 | | | $ | 90,710,968 | | | $ | 112,308,480 | | | $ | 41,303,755 | |
| Per share data: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Distributions declared per common share per the period: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Class C common stock | | $ | 1.4600 | | | $ | 2.1105 | | | $ | 2.1105 | | | $ | 2.1000 | | | $ | 0.9600 | |
| Class S common stock (2) | | $ | 1.4600 | | | $ | 2.1105 | | | $ | 2.1105 | | | $ | 0.5250 | | | $ | — | |
Net loss per common share – basic and diluted (see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements) (3) | | $ | (6.14) | | | $ | (0.88) | | | $ | (0.48) | | | $ | (0.45) | | | $ | (8.67) | |
| Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted (3) | | 8,006,276 | | | 5,012,158 | | | 3,689,955 | | | 1,994,310 | | | 142,752 | |
(1)Included impairment charges of $10,267,625, $33,267,143 and $1,305,260 related to our real estate investments, goodwill and intangible assets, respectively, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, net gain of $4,139,749 on sale of five real estate investments and lease termination expense of $1,039,648.
(2)The distribution paid per share of Class S common stock is net of deferred selling commissions.
(3)Adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the “Selected“Selected Financial Data”Data” above and our accompanying consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. Also,see “Forward-Looking Statements” “Forward-Looking Statements” preceding Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” herein.Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon our
audited consolidated
audited financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On a regular basis, we evaluate these estimates. These estimates are based on management’s historical industry experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The following are some, but not all, of the assumptions, risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those presented in our forward-looking statements:
| · | We may be unable to renew leases, lease vacant space or re-lease space as leases expire on favorable terms or at all. |
| · | We are subject to risks associated with tenant, geographic and industry concentrations with respect to our properties. |
| · | Our properties, intangible assets and other assets may be subject to impairment charges. |
| · | We could be subject to unexpected costs or unexpected liabilities that may arise from potential dispositions and may be unable to dispose of properties on advantageous terms. |
| · | We are subject to competition in the acquisition and disposition of properties and in the leasing of our properties and we may be unable to acquire, dispose of, or lease properties on advantageous terms. |
| · | We could be subject to risks associated with bankruptcies or insolvencies of tenants or from tenant defaults generally. |
| · | We have substantial indebtedness, which may affect our ability to pay distributions, and expose us to interest rate fluctuation risk and the risk of default under our debt obligations. |
| · | We may be affected by the incurrence of additional secured or unsecured debt. |
| · | We may not be able to maintain profitability. |
| · | The only source of cash for distributions to investors will be cash flow from our operations (including sales of properties) or waiver or deferral of reimbursements to our Sponsor or fees paid to our Advisor and proceeds from the sale of our common stock, only up to the amount of any rent abatements where we were able to negotiate a reduced purchase price. |
| · | We may not generate cash flows sufficient to pay our distributions to stockholders or meet our debt service obligations. |
| · | We may be affected by risks resulting from losses in excess of insured limits. |
| · | We may fail to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. |
| · | We are dependent upon our Advisor which has the right to terminate the Advisory Agreement upon 60 days’ written notice without cause or penalty. |
•We have only a limited prior operating history, and the prior performance of our real estate investments may not be indicative of our future results.
•We are subject to risks associated with deteriorating economic conditions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and related disruptions in the real estate markets.
•The magnitude and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our tenants, operations and liquidity is uncertain as of the filing date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and may continue to have an adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
•We may be considered a “blind pool” because we have not identified additional properties to be acquired, and any potential acquisitions cannot be considered probable. As a result, stockholders will not be able to evaluate the economic merits of our future investments prior to their purchase. We may be unable to invest stockholders’ capital on acceptable terms to investors, or at all.
•We may be unable to renew leases, lease vacant space or re-lease space as leases expire on favorable terms or at all.
•We are subject to risks associated with tenant, geographic and industry concentrations with respect to our properties.
•Our properties, intangible assets and other assets may be subject to further impairment charges.
•We are subject to competition in the acquisition and disposition of properties and in the leasing of our properties, and we may be unable to acquire or dispose of, or lease, our properties on advantageous terms.
•We could be subject to risks associated with bankruptcies or insolvencies of tenants or from tenant defaults generally.
•We have substantial indebtedness, and may incur additional secured or unsecured debt, which may affect our ability to pay distributions, expose us to interest rate fluctuation risk, impose limitations on how we operate and expose us to the risk of default under our debt obligations.
•We may not be able to extend or refinance existing indebtedness before it becomes due.
•We may not be able to attain or maintain profitability.
•The only sources of cash for distributions to investors will be cash flow from our operations (including sales of properties) or any net proceeds that result from financing or refinancing our properties or proceeds from capital we raise.
•We may not generate cash flows sufficient to pay distributions to stockholders or meet our debt service obligations.
•We may be affected by risks resulting from losses in excess of insured limits.
•We may fail to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
•There are significant restrictions and limitations on our stockholders' ability to have any of their shares of our common stock repurchased under our SRPs and, if stockholders are able to have their shares repurchased by us, the stated purchase price under the SRPs, which is based on our most recently published NAV per share, could be less than the then-current fair market value of the shares.
•Risks of security breaches through cyber-attacks, cyber intrusions or otherwise, as well as other significant disruptions of our information technology networks and related systems, could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We were formed on May 14, 2015 as a Maryland corporation thatand elected to be treated as a REIT for federal income tax purposes beginning with the taxable year ended December 31, 2016, and we intend to continue to operate in suchso as to remain qualified as a manner. We intend to investREIT for federal income tax purposes thereafter. To date, we have invested primarily in single tenant income-producing corporate properties whichthat are leased to creditworthy tenants under long-term net leases. During 2020, we acquired the intellectual property of BuildingBITs, an innovative online real estate crowd funding platform, and the REITless investment platform, an online investment platform for commercial real estate investment offerings. In 2021, we will continue to seek opportunities to be an aggregator within the non-listed real estate product industry, utilizing the combination of our deep understanding of both the crowd funding and real estate markets and the strength of our stockholder-owned, self-managed business model. We plan to invest in a diversified portfolio of real estate and real estate-related investments.
Although we are not limited as to the form our investments may take, our investments in real estate will generally constitute acquiring fee title or interests in entities that own and operate real estate. We
willintend to make substantially all acquisitions of our real estate investments
directly through our Operating Partnership
either directly or indirectly through limited liability companies or limited partnerships, including through other REITs, or through investments in joint ventures, partnerships, tenants-in-common, co-tenancies or other co-ownership arrangements with other owners of properties,
affiliatessome of
which may be affiliated with us or our
Advisorexecutive officers or
other persons.directors. We also plan to continue to invest in fintech and crowd funding businesses similar to our investments in REITless and BuildingBits.
We consider
ourthe Company to be a perpetual-life investment vehicle because we have no finite date for liquidation and no intention to list our shares of common stock for trading on a national securities exchange or other over-the-counter trading market.
Although we have registered a fixed number ofWhile our charter does not require us to list the shares
for the Registered Offering, we intend to effectively conduct a continuous offering of an unlimited amount of our
shares of common stock
over an unlimited time period by conducting an uninterrupted series of additional public offerings, subject to regulatory approvalfor trading on a national securities exchange or other over-the-counter trading market, we may consider such a listing in the future if we determine it is in the best interest of our
filings for such additional offerings.stockholders. This perpetual-life structure is aligned with our overall objective of investing in real estate
and related assets with a long-term view towards making regular
cash distributions and generating capital appreciation.
Subject to certain restrictions and limitations,
Until December 31, 2019, our business iswas externally managed by our Former Advisor, Rich Uncles NNN Operator, LLC, a limited liability company wholly ownedwholly-owned by Brix,our Former Sponsor, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement.Agreement, which was terminated on December 31, 2019. Our Former Advisor managesmanaged our operations and our portfolio of core real estate properties and real estate relatedestate-related assets. Our Former Advisor also providesprovided asset-management and other administrative services on our behalf and iswas paid certain fees as set forth in the NotesNote 9 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.We have investor relations personnel, but all expenses are reimbursed by our Sponsorconsolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Effective December 31, 2019, we became self-managed as parta result of the organizational and offering services they provide to us to managecompletion of the Self-Management Transaction.
Through September 30, 2019, we reimbursed our
organization and the Offerings and provide to administrative investor relations services. However, ourFormer Sponsor
is then entitled to include the reimbursement of such expenses as part of our reimbursement to them offor organizational and offering costs
but reimbursement shall not exceedincurred on our behalf, up to an amount equal to 3% of gross offering
proceeds.proceeds, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement. Through September 30, 2019, expenses associated with investor relations personnel employed by us were reimbursed by our Former Sponsor since investor relations services were included within the scope of organizational and offering services our Former Sponsor was to provide to us. In connection with our Former Sponsor’s September 2019 settlement with the SEC, whereby all offerings of our common stock must be made through a registered broker-dealer, we agreed to be directly responsible for all organizational and offering costs, including our investor relations personnel, in exchange for our Former Sponsor’s agreement to terminate its right to receive up to 3% of gross offering proceeds pursuant to an October 2019 amendment to the Advisory Agreement.
Following the completion of the Self-Management Transaction, we, including NNN LP, owned an approximately 87%
partnership interest in the Operating Partnership. Daisho, a formerly wholly-owned subsidiary of BrixInvest which was spun off from BrixInvest on December 31, 2019, was issued and held 657,949.5 Class M OP Units, or an approximate 12% limited partnership interest, in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2019. The Class M OP Units were distributed to the members of Daisho during 2020. In connection with the Self-Management Transaction, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer were issued an aggregate of 56,029 Class P OP Units in the Operating Partnership and thereby owned the remaining approximate 1% limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2019. Following the grant of 360,000 Class R OP Units (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) in the Operating Partnership to the Company’s employees, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, on January 25, 2021, as further described in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Company owns an approximately 83% partnership interest, the Daisho members hold an approximately 12% limited partnership interest and the Company's employees hold an approximately 5% limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership.
From inception through December 31, 2020, we had sold 6,627,934 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of our Class C common stock pursuant to the Registered Offerings for aggregate gross offering proceeds of $197,527,817 and 63,711 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of our Class S common stock pursuant to the Class S Offering for aggregate gross offering proceeds of $1,932,065.
As we accept subscriptions for shares, we will transfer substantially all of the net proceeds of such subscriptions to our Operating Partnership as a capital contribution in exchange for units of general partnership; however, we will be deemed to have made capital contributions to the Operating Partnership in the amount of the gross offering proceeds received from investors.
We expect to use substantially all of the net
proceeds from the Offeringscapital we raise to acquire and manage a portfolio of real estate investments.
We intend to invest primarily in single tenant income-producing corporate properties which are leased to creditworthy tenants under long-term net leases. While our focus
isto date has been on single tenant net leased properties,
going forward we
plan to invest in a diversified portfolio of real estate and real estate-related investments, including fintech and crowd funding businesses. We plan to diversify our portfolio by geography, investment size and investment risk with the goal of acquiring a portfolio of income-producing real estate investments that provides attractive and stable returns to our stockholders. Our investment objectives and policies may be amended or changed at any time by our board of directors. Although we have no plans at this time to change any of our investment objectives
and policies, our board of directors may change any and all such investment objectives
and policies, including our focus on
single tenantthe properties
and investments described above, if it believes such changes are in the best interests of our stockholders.
Through December 31, 2017, the Company had sold 9,055,175 shares
We hold our investments in real property through special purpose limited liability companies which are wholly-owned subsidiaries of
its Class C common stock pursuant to the Registered Offering for aggregate gross offering proceeds of $90,551,752 and 3,000 shares of its Class S common stock pursuant to the Class S Offering for aggregate gross offering proceeds of $30,000.Rich Uncles NNN REIT Operator, LLC, our Advisor, will make recommendations on all investments to our board of directors. All proposed real estate investments must be approved by at least a majority of our board of directors subject to guidelines established by our board of directors.
As we accept subscriptions for shares in the Offerings, we will transfer substantially all of the net proceeds of the Offerings to our Operating Partnership as a capital contribution in exchange for units of general partnership and/or limited partnership interest that will be held by our wholly-owned subsidiary, Rich Uncles NNN LP, LLC; however, we will be deemed to have made capital contributions toMerger Sub, which is described below and was merged into the Operating Partnership in the amount of the gross offering proceeds received from investors. The REIT will be deemed to have simultaneously reimbursed the Sponsor for the costs associated with the Offerings, subject to a maximum of 3% of the gross offering proceeds.
on December 31, 2020. Because we plan to conduct substantially all of our operations through the Operating Partnership, we are considered an Umbrella Partnership Real Estate Investment Trust, or UPREIT. Using an UPREIT structure may give us an advantage in acquiring properties from persons who might not otherwise sell their properties because of unfavorable tax results. Generally, a sale of property directly to a REIT, or a contribution in exchange for REIT shares, is a taxable transaction to the selling property owner. However, in an UPREIT structure, a seller of a property who desires to defer taxable gain on the sale of property may transfer the property to the Operating Partnership in exchange for partnership interests in the Operating Partnership without recognizing gain for tax purposes.
On January 22, 2021, we filed a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-252321) to register a maximum of $100,000,000 of additional shares of Class C common stock to be issued pursuant to the amended and restated DRP. We commenced offering shares of Class C common stock pursuant to the 2021 DRP Offering upon termination of the Follow-on Offering, as discussed below.
Effective January 27, 2021, we, with the approval of our board of directors, terminated our public offering of up to $800,000,000 of our shares which was being conducted pursuant to the Follow-on Offering. In connection with the termination of the Follow-on Offering, we stopped accepting investor subscriptions on January 22, 2021. As of January 27, 2021, we had $600,547,672 of unsold shares in the Follow-on Offering, which were deregistered with the SEC.
Effective January 31, 2021, the Company and NCPS terminated their Dealer Manager Agreement, dated January 2, 2020, pursuant to which NCPS had agreed to act as dealer manager in connection with the Follow-on Offering. Effective January 31, 2021, with the authorization of the board of Directors, NCPS and the Company entered into a new Dealer Manager Agreement pursuant to which NCPS has agreed to act as dealer manager in connection with investments in the Company by accredited investors.
We intend to present our financial statements
and Operating Partnership income, expenses and depreciation on a consolidated
basis.basis, including the Operating Partnership and Merger Sub. All items of income, gain, deduction (including depreciation), loss and credit
flow throughof the Operating Partnership
and Merger Sub flow to us as all subsidiary entities are disregarded for federal tax purposes. These tax items do not generally flow through us to our stockholders. Rather, our net income and net capital gain effectively flow through us to our stockholders as and when we pay distributions.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company’s proceeds
Proceeds from the sale of our shares sold in the Offeringsof common stock have been, and will continue to be, primarily used to invest in real estate and real estate-related investments or to re-lease and reposition our properties in accordance with our investment strategy and policies, including costs and fees associated with such investments. We also expect to use a portion of the proceeds from the sale of our shares of common stock for (i) property acquisitions; (ii) capital expenditures; (iii) payment of principal on our outstanding indebtednessindebtedness; capital expenditures, tenant improvement costs and (iv) payment of feesleasing costs related to Advisor. Our cash needs for the purchase ofour real estate propertiesinvestments; reserves required by financings of our real estate investments; to provide liquidity to our stockholders pursuant to our SRPs; and for general corporate purposes.
Generally, our cash requirements for property acquisitions, debt payments, capital expenditures, and other
real estate investments will be funded
primarilyby the sale of shares of our common stock and bank borrowings from financial institutions and mortgage indebtedness on our properties, and to a lesser extent, by loans from affiliates and internally generated funds. Our cash requirements for operating and interest expenses, and distributions will generally be funded by internally generated funds. Proceeds from the sale of our
common stock and debt financings may also be used to fund repurchases of common stock. When available, sources of capital include proceeds from the sale of properties, proceeds from the sale of shares
including those offered for sale throughof our
dividend reinvestment plan,common stock and
secured or unsecured borrowings from
debt proceeds.We expect that oncebanks or other lenders, as well as undistributed funds from operations.
The New Credit Facility (as defined below) provides a $10,000,000 increase in our line of credit from $12,000,000 to $22,000,000. After our initial draw of $6,000,000 to fund the repayment of our Unsecured Credit Facility (as defined below) on March 31, 2021, we have fully invested$11,000,000 available to finance real estate acquisitions and $5,000,000 available for working capital purposes.
To further our mission of being the proceedsleading provider of alternative real estate-related products, and to capitalize on the current opportunity in today’s public marketplace, we are sponsoring MACS, a SPAC. MACS publicly filed its registration statement on Form S-1 with the SEC on March 24, 2021 and plans to raise $100,000,000, or $115,000,000 if the over-allotment option is exercised, in its IPO. In connection with the public filing of the OfferingsForm S-1, MVF deposited $4,500,000 in escrow with the attorneys for MACS. The $4,500,000 will be released from escrow upon completion of the IPO and other potential subsequent offerings, our debt financing and other liabilities, including our pro rataused to purchase 9,000,000 warrants to purchase additional shares of MACS. Each warrant has the right to purchase 0.5 share of MACS common stock and can be exercised at a strike price of $11.50 per share.
MACS was formed for the debt financingpurpose of entering into a business combination with one or more businesses or entities, and intends to focus on targets located in which we invest,North America that are focused on fintech and proptech, with a focus on companies whose core purpose is related to the real estate industry. Within those parameters, MACS intends to pursue a business combination with companies that use technology driven platforms and solutions to disrupt or revolutionize the real estate capital markets, transactional marketplaces and investment management industry.
There is no assurance that our SPAC will be approximately 50%successful in raising capital in its IPO or in completing a business combination, or that any business combination will be successful. We can lose our entire investment in the SPAC if a business combination is not completed within 24 months of the cost ofSPAC's IPO or if the business combination is not successful, which may adversely impact our tangible assets (before deducting depreciation or other non-cash reserves and without taking into account borrowings relating to the initial acquisition of properties that are outstanding under a revolving credit facility or similar agreement). stockholder value.
Our aggregate borrowings, secured and unsecured, must be reasonable in relation to our
tangible assets. Our charter limits the amount we may borrow to 300% of our net
assets. We intend to limit our leverageassets; however, historically we have limited borrowings to 50% of the
costvalue of
acquiring our tangible assets
(before deducting depreciation or other non-cash reservesunless any excess borrowing is approved by a majority of our independent directors and
without taking into account borrowings relatingis disclosed to
our stockholders in our next quarterly report, along with the
initial acquisitionjustification for such excess. On March 27, 2020, our conflicts committee and board of
properties that are outstanding under a revolving credit facility or similar agreement). This isdirectors approved an
overall target.increase in our maximum leverage from 50% to 55% in order to allow us to take advantage of the current low interest rate environment, the relative cost of debt and equity capital, and strategic borrowing advantages potentially available to us. Our borrowings on one or more individual properties may exceed
50%55% of their individual cost, so long as our overall leverage does not exceed
50%. Our charter limits our borrowing to 50%55% of the aggregate value of our
net assets (equivalent to 50% of the cost of our assets) unlesstangible assets. We may exceed this limit only if any excess borrowing is approved by a majority of our
conflicts committeeindependent directors and is disclosed to our stockholders in our next quarterly report, along with the justification for such excess. When calculating our use of leverage, we will not include borrowings relating to the initial acquisition of properties
and that are outstanding under a revolving credit facility (or similar agreement). There is no limitation on the amount we may borrow for the purchase of any single asset.
As of December 31, 2020, our leverage ratio was 47%. We may borrow amounts from our Advisor or Sponsor if such loan is approved by a majority of our directors, including a majority of our conflicts committee, not otherwise interested in the transaction, as being fair, competitive, commercially reasonable and no less favorable to us than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties under the circumstances. Any such loan will be included in determining whether we have complied with the borrowing limit in our charter. Neither our Advisor nor our Sponsor has any obligation to make any loans to us.
Debt financing for acquisitions and investments may be obtained at the time an asset is acquired or an investment is made or at such later time as determined to be appropriate. In addition, debt financing may be used from time to timetime-to-time for property improvements, lease inducements, tenant improvements and other working capital needs.
As of December 31, 2017,2020, the outstanding principal balance of the Company’sour mortgage notes payable, including mortgage notes payable related to real estate investments held for sale, and our unsecured revolving credit facility were $185,014,356 and $6,000,000, respectively. The portion of our mortgage notes payable due during 2021 is $17,091,541, of which $10,073,764 was refinanced on March 5, 2021, as described below.
On December 19, 2019, we, NNN LP, Merger Sub, BrixInvest and modiv, LLC entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Unsecured Credit Facility”) with Pacific Mercantile Bank (“PMB”). The Unsecured Credit Facility is a line of credit for a maximum principal amount of $12,000,000, consisting of two facilities: a purchase contract and other loans facility (the “Purchase Contract and Other Loans Facility”), and as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Unsecured Credit Facility had an outstanding balance of $6,000,000 and $7,740,000, respectively.
On March 13, 2020, we amended the Unsecured Credit Facility to extend the maturity date of $6,940,000 of outstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility from March 31, 2020 to July 31, 2020, and to extend the maturity date of $3,060,000 of the outstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility from May 4, 2020 to August 31, 2020.
On August 13, 2020, we amended the Unsecured Credit Facility to extend the maturity date of $6,000,000 of the outstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility to September 1, 2020 and the unsecured credit facilitymaturity date of the remaining $6,000,000 of the outstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility to October 15, 2021. We repaid $6,000,000 of the $12,000,000 then outstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility with proceeds generated by property refinancings and asset sales in August 2020. Under the August 13, 2020 amendment, there is a moratorium on new borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility until the remaining $6,000,000 is fully repaid. We paid PMB $25,000 for loan extension and modification fees in connection with the August 13, 2020 amendment.
In connection with the August 13, 2020 amendment to the Unsecured Credit Facility, our Chairman, Mr. Wirta, and the Wirta Family Trust (the "Wirta Trust") guaranteed our obligations under the Unsecured Credit Facility. On July 30, 2020, we entered into an indemnification agreement with Mr. Wirta and the Wirta Trust with respect to their guarantees of our $12,000,000 Unsecured Credit Facility with PMB pursuant to which we agreed to indemnify Mr. Wirta and the Wirta Trust if they are required to make payments to PMB pursuant to such guarantees.
Under the terms of the Unsecured Credit Facility, we pay a variable rate of interest on outstanding amounts equal to one percentage point over the prime rate published in The Wall Street Journal, provided that the interest rate in effect on any one day shall not be less than 5.50% per annum. The interest rate was $62,228,4095.50% and $12,000,000,5.75% as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The unsecured credit facility matured on January 26, 2018. current interest rate is 5.50%, which is the minimum rate.
To secure the payment and performance of all obligations under the Unsecured Credit Facility, each of modiv, LLC and BrixInvest granted to PMB a security interest in all of their right, title and interest in their accounts, inventory, equipment, deposit accounts, intellectual property, general intangibles, investment property and other property.
On February 1, 2018, the CompanyMarch 29, 2021, we entered into a new $9,000,000 unsecured credit facility with Banc of California (the “New Credit Facility”) for an aggregate line of credit of $22,000,000 with a maturity date of March 30, 2023, which replaced our Unsecured Credit Facility. We borrowed $6,000,000 under the New Credit Facility and repaid the $6,000,000 that matureswas owed to PMB on January 26, 2019. See Note 6March 31, 2021. The New Credit Facility provides us with a $17,000,000 revolving line of credit for real estate acquisitions (including the $6,000,000 borrowed to repay PMB) and an additional $5,000,000 revolving line of credit for working capital. Under the terms of the NotesNew Credit Facility, we will pay a variable rate of interest on outstanding amounts equal to one percentage point over the prime rate published in The Wall Street Journal, provided that the interest rate in effect on any one day shall not be less than 4.75% per annum. We paid Banc of California origination fees of $77,000 in connection with the New Credit Facility and will pay an unused commitment fee of 0.15% per annum of the unused portion of the New Credit Facility, charged quarterly in arrears based on the average unused commitment available under the New Credit Facility. The New Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of our tangible and intangible assets, including intellectual property. The New Credit Facility requires us to maintain a minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.25 to 1.00 and minimum tangible NAV (as defined in the loan agreement) of $120,000,000, measured quarterly. Mr. Wirta, our Chairman has guaranteed our $6,000,000 initial borrowing, which guarantee will expire upon repayment of the $6,000,000 which is due by September 30, 2021. Mr. Wirta has also guaranteed our $5,000,000 revolving line of credit for working capital. On March 29, 2021, we entered into an updated indemnification agreement with Mr. Wirta and the Wirta Trust with respect to their guarantees of borrowings under the New Credit Facility.
The New Credit Facility contains customary representations, warranties and covenants, which are substantially similar to those in our Unsecured Credit Facility. Our ability to borrow under the New Credit Facility will be subject to our Consolidated Financial Statementsongoing compliance with various affirmative and negative covenants, including with respect to indebtedness, guaranties, mergers and asset sales, liens, corporate existence and financial reporting obligations. The New Credit Facility also contains customary events of default, including, without limitation, nonpayment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts when due, violation of covenants, breaches of representations or warranties and change of ownership. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, Banc of California may accelerate the repayment of amounts outstanding under the New Credit Facility, take possession of any collateral securing the New Credit Facility and exercise other remedies subject, in certain instances, to the expiration of an applicable cure period.
On April 20, 2020, our subsidiary, modiv, LLC, entered into a loan agreement and promissory note evidencing an unsecured loan in the aggregate amount of $517,000 made to our subsidiary under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”). The PPP is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”). Under the terms of the CARES Act, PPP loan recipients can apply for additional information regardingand be granted forgiveness for all or a portion of the loan granted under the PPP. Such forgiveness will be determined, subject to limitations, based on the use of loan proceeds for payment of payroll costs and any payments of mortgage interest, rent, and utilities. Modifications to the PPP by the U.S. Treasury and the Paycheck Protection Program Flexibility Act of 2020 extended the time period for loan forgiveness beyond the original eight-week period to 24 weeks, making it possible for our outstanding indebtedness. subsidiary to apply for forgiveness of 100% of the PPP loan prior to December 31, 2020 and the deadline was later extended to February 15, 2021.
The PPP loan was made through PMB. In December 2020, our subsidiary submitted its application for forgiveness of the total amount of the loan to PMB. After PMB’s review, our subsidiary updated the forgiveness application on February 10, 2021, PMB submitted the application to the SBA on February 10, 2021, and on February 16, 2021, our subsidiary was notified by PMB that the application for forgiveness of the PPP loan had been approved by the SBA.
In connection with the Self-Management Transaction, we assumed from BrixInvest its unsecured short-term notes payable (formerly known as “Convertible Promissory Notes”) of $4,800,000 on December 31, 2019. The notes represented private party notes and bore interest at a fixed rate of 8% with all interest and principal due on the maturity date. Except for a portion of six notes from one borrower aggregating $1,024,750 for which the maturity date was extended to April 30, 2020, all notes were repaid prior to March 31, 2020. In exchange for the maturity date extension, we agreed to pay 2% of the principal and accrued interest, or $24,845, as an extension fee and agreed to an increase in the interest rate from 8% to 10% per annum during the extension period. The maturity date for the $490,000 of the extended short-term notes was subsequently accelerated to April 6, 2020 in exchange for a $10,000 reduction in the extension fee to $14,845 and these notes were repaid on April 6, 2020.
As of December 31,
2017, the Company’s pro rata share (approximately 4.4%) of REIT I’s mortgage notes payable was $2,794,426. As of December 31, 2017, the Company’s pro rata2020, our pro-rata share (approximately 72.7%) of the
TIC’sTIC Interest’s mortgage note payable was
$10,515,557.Generally, our policy is to pay distributions from cash flow from operations. $9,923,391.
During our offering stage, whenthe year ended December 31, 2020, we may raise capital more quickly than we acquire income producing assets, and from time to time during our operational state, we way not pay distributions from operations. In these cases, distributions may be pain in whole or in part from the waiver or deferralsold five properties for net proceeds of fees otherwise due$13,530,968 (see Note 4 to our Advisor, if so elected byconsolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more details). From January 1, 2021 through the date of this report, we sold an additional three properties for net proceeds of $10,515,344 (see Note 11 to our Advisor. Historically,consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more details).
During the sourcesyear ended December 31, 2020, we refinanced three mortgages that generated net proceeds of cash used $6,904,178 (see Note 7 to pay our distributors have been fromconsolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on From 10-K), and in March 2021, we refinanced four mortgages aggregating $10,073,764 that generated net rental income received andproceeds of $1,975,184 as further described below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2020 | | New | | | | | | Original | | New |
| Properties | | Principal Amount | | Principal Amount | | Prior Interest Rate | | New Interest Rate | | Maturity Date | | Maturity Date |
| Levins | | $ | 2,032,332 | | | $ | 2,700,000 | | | 3.74 | % | | 3.75 | % | | 3/5/2021 | | 3/16/2026 |
| Dollar General Bakersfield | | $ | 2,268,922 | | | $ | 2,280,000 | | | 3.38 | % | | 3.65 | % | | 3/5/2021 | | 3/16/2028 |
| PMI Preclinical | | $ | 4,020,418 | | | $ | 5,400,000 | | | 3.38 | % | | 3.75 | % | | 3/5/2021 | | 3/16/2026 |
| GSA (MSHA) | | $ | 1,752,092 | | | $ | 1,756,000 | | | 3.13 | % | | 3.65 | % | | 8/5/2021 | | 3/16/2026 |
We are also in discussions with a prospective lender regarding two additional property mortgage refinancings. However, there can be no assurance that such refinancing will be available in the waiver and deferral of management fees. The leasesnear term or at all.
We entered into interest rate swaps as a fixed rate payer to mitigate our exposure to rising interest rates on our variable rate notes payable (Level 2 measurement). We do not enter into derivatives for certainspeculative purposes. None of our real estate acquisitions may provide for rent abatements. These abatements arederivatives at December 31, 2020 or 2019 were designated as hedging instruments; therefore, the net unrealized losses recognized on interest rate swaps of $770,898 and $820,496, respectively, was recorded as an inducement for the tenantaddition to enter into or extend the term of its lease.loss on interest rate swaps. In connection with the acquisitionMerger with REIT I, we acquired eight additional interest rate swaps on December 31, 2019 (see Notes 7 and 8 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more details) and had a total of some properties, we may be able to negotiate a reduced purchase price for the acquired property in an amount that equals the previously agreed-upon rent abatement.twelve interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2019. During the period of any rent abatement on properties thatyear ended December 31, 2020, we acquire, we may be unable to fully fund our distributions from net rental income received and waivers or deferrals of Advisor asset management fees. In that event, we may expand the sources of cash used to fund out stockholder distributions to include proceeds for the saleterminated four of our interest rate swaps and as of December 31, 2020, we had eight remaining interest rate swaps. An additional four swaps were terminated or expired subsequent to December 31, 2020.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we repurchased 690,869 shares of Class C common stock
but only duringand Class S common stock for an aggregate of $17,576,261 utilizing proceeds from the
periods,Registered Offerings, debt financings and
up tonet proceeds from sales of properties. From January 1, 2021 through March 6, 2021, we repurchased 481,939 shares of Class C common stock and no shares of Class S common stock for an aggregate of $10,375,064. From January 1, 2021 through February 28, 2021, we received cash proceeds of $1,560,703 from the
amounts, of any rent abatements where we are able to negotiate a reduced purchase price.Offerings (excluding distribution reinvestments).
Generally, we expect to make payments of principal and interest on any indebtedness we incur from our cash flows from operating activities, including the proceeds from the sale of assets. We expect that our cash flows from normal operations,
not involvingalong with the
potential sale of assets will be sufficient to make regularly scheduled payments of principal and interest. We will seek to structure our financing for acquisitions of assets such that any balloon payments or maturity dates involving extraordinary payments of principal are timed to match our expected receipt of funds from ownership and operation of the assets or the disposition by us of such assets. If cash flow from ownership and operation of an asset is not expected to be sufficient to make such payments of principal, and we do not anticipate that we will sell the asset at the time the principal payment comes due, we intend to make payments of principal out of proceeds from the refinancing of such indebtedness or out of cash flow from
operationthe operations of our other assets or from our reserves. We may also use proceeds
from the sale of shares of our common stock to pay down principal on indebtedness, including any balloon or monthly mortgage payments.
Our
Advisormanagement will establish working capital reserves from net offering proceeds, out of cash flow generated by operating assets or out of proceeds from the sale of assets. Working capital reserves are typically utilized to fund tenant improvements, leasing commissions and major capital expenditures. Our lenders also may require working capital reserves.
Portfolio Information
Our wholly owned We continue to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent mutations of the virus into several variants, and its impact on our tenants, operating partners and the economy as a whole. The magnitude and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic which includes the mutations of the virus into several variants, and its impact on our operations and liquidity, are still uncertain and continue to evolve in the United States and globally. If the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be contained at its current trajectory, such impacts could be material. To the extent that our tenants and operating partners continue to be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, or by the other risks disclosed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, it could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and capital resources.
Funds from Operations and Adjusted Funds from Operations
In order to provide a more complete understanding of the operating performance of a REIT, the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“Nareit”) promulgated a measure known as Funds from Operations (“FFO”). FFO is defined as net income or loss computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding extraordinary items, as defined by GAAP, and gains and losses from sales of depreciable operating property, adding back asset impairment write-downs, plus real estate-related depreciation and amortization (excluding amortization of deferred financing costs and depreciation of non-real estate assets), and after adjustment for unconsolidated partnerships, joint ventures and preferred distributions. Because FFO calculations adjust for such items as depreciation and amortization of real estate investmentsassets and gains and losses from sales of operating real estate assets (which can vary among owners of identical assets in similar conditions based on historical cost accounting and useful-life estimates), they facilitate comparisons of operating performance between periods and between other REITs. As a result, we believe that the use of FFO, together with the required GAAP presentations, provides a more complete understanding of our performance relative to our competitors and a more informed and appropriate basis on which to make decisions involving operating, financing, and investing activities. It should be noted, however, that other REITs may not define FFO in accordance with the current Nareit definition or may interpret the current Nareit definition differently than we do, making comparisons less meaningful.
Additionally, we use AFFO as a non-GAAP financial measure to evaluate our operating performance. AFFO excludes non-routine and certain non-cash items such as revenues in excess of cash received, amortization of stock-based compensation net, deferred rent, amortization of in-place lease valuation intangibles, acquisition-related costs, deferred financing fees, gain or loss from the extinguishment of debt, unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments, write-off transaction costs and other one-time transactions.
We also believe that AFFO is a recognized measure of sustainable operating performance by the REIT industry. Further, we believe AFFO is useful in comparing the sustainability of our operating performance with the sustainability of the operating performance of other real estate companies.
Management believes that AFFO is a beneficial indicator of our ongoing portfolio performance and ability to sustain our current distribution level. More specifically, AFFO isolates the financial results of our operations. AFFO, however, is not considered an appropriate measure of historical earnings as it excludes certain significant costs that are
as follows:| | | December 31, | |
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| Number of Properties: | | | | | | |
| Retail | | | 8 | | | | 7 | |
| Office | | | 6 | | | | 1 | |
| Industrial | | | 4 | | | | 1 | |
| Total | | | 18 | | | | 9 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Leasable Square Feet: | | | | | | | | |
| Retail | | | 140,384 | | | | 68,443 | |
| Office | | | 320,179 | | | | 63,000 | |
| Industrial | | | 324,616 | | | | 45,465 | |
| Total | | | 785,179 | | | | 176,908 | |
The above table does not include an approximate 72.7% interestotherwise included in reported earnings. Further, since the tenant-in-common entity that owns 91,740 square feet of office property. Also, the above table does not include our approximate 4.4% interest in an affiliated REIT.
Cash Flow Summary
The following table summarizes our cash flow activitymeasure is based on historical financial information, AFFO for the years ended December 31:
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | $ | 3,790,837 | | | $ | (672,132 | ) |
| Net cash used in investing activities | | $ | (115,593,935 | ) | | $ | (37,155,065 | ) |
| Net cash provided by financing activities | | $ | 112,308,480 | | | $ | 41,303,755 | |
Cash Flowsperiod presented may not be indicative of future results or our future ability to pay our dividends. By providing FFO and AFFO, we present information that assists investors in aligning their analysis with management’s analysis of long-term operating activities.
For all of these reasons, we believe the non-GAAP measures of FFO and AFFO, in addition to income (loss) from
Operating Activities
We have a limited operating history. As of December 31, 2017, we had only acquired 18 propertiesoperations, net income (loss) and one tenant-in-common real estate investment in which we have an approximate 72.7% interest and one real estate investment in an affiliated REIT in which we have an approximate 4.4% interest, as described inItem 2. Properties. Therefore, we have limited operations and independent financing. During the year ended December 31, 2017, net cash provided by operating activities was $3,790,837. We expect that our cash flows from operating activities, will increaseas defined by GAAP, are helpful supplemental performance measures and useful to investors in evaluating the performance of our real estate portfolio. However, a material limitation associated with FFO and AFFO is that they are not indicative of our cash available to fund distributions since other uses of cash, such as capital expenditures at our properties and principal payments of debt, are not deducted when calculating FFO and AFFO. AFFO is useful in assisting management and investors in assessing our ongoing ability to generate cash flow from operations and continue as a going concern in future periodsoperating periods. However, FFO and AFFO are not useful measures in evaluating NAV because impairments are taken into account in determining NAV but not in determining FFO and AFFO. Therefore, FFO and AFFO should not be viewed as a resultmore prominent measure of anticipated future acquisitions of real estate and the related operations from such investments as well asperformance than income (loss) from operations, for an entire yearnet income (loss) or cash flows from operating activities and each should be reviewed in connection with GAAP measurements.
Neither the SEC, Nareit, nor any other applicable regulatory body has opined on the acceptability of the
properties that were acquiredadjustments contemplated to adjust FFO in
2017.Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash usedorder to calculate AFFO and its use as a non-GAAP performance measure. In the future, the SEC or Nareit may decide to standardize the allowable exclusions across the REIT industry, and we may have to adjust the calculation and characterization of this non-GAAP measure.
Furthermore, as described in investing activities was $115,593,935 Notes 3 and 11 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the conversion ratios for Class M OP Units, Class P OP Units and Class R OP Units can increase if the specified performance hurdles are achieved. The following are the calculations of FFO and AFFO (as defined in the Operating Partnership Agreement) for the year ended December 31, 2017 and consisted primarily of the following: | · | $100,458,868 for the acquisition of nine real estate investments; |
| · | $685,160 for improvements to real estate; |
| · | $3,935,884 for payment of acquisition fees to affiliate; and |
| · | $10,542,594 investments in unconsolidated entities (TIC investment in a property located in Santa Clara, CA). |
Net cash used in investing activities was $37,155,065 for the year ended December 31, 2016 and consisted primarily of the following:
| · | $32,754,452 for the acquisition of nine real estate investments; |
| · | $231,408 for payment of acquisition fees to affiliates; |
| · | $3,640,634 for the investment in Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I (Rich Uncles REIT I); and |
| · | $500,000 received for escrow deposits for future real estate purchases. |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $112,308,480 for the year ended December 31, 2017 and consisted primarily of the following:
| · | $60,505,707 of net cash provided by the issuance of common stock and investor deposits related to our Offerings, net of payments of organization and offering costs of $2,049,847; |
| · | $55,390,000 from borrowings from our unsecured credit facility, partially offset by payments on unsecured credit facility of $53,547,803; |
| · | $53,165,056 of net cash provided by debt financing as a result from mortgage notes payable of $55,369,988, partially offset by principal payments of $407,725, refundable loan deposits of $40,000, deferred financing costs to third parties of $1,430,607, and financing fees to affiliates of $326,600. |
| · | $2,472,571 net cash used in repurchases of shares of our Class C common stock under the share repurchase program; and |
| · | $731,209 of cash distributions, after giving effect to distributions reinvested by stockholders of $3,066,828. |
Net cash provided by financing activities was $41,303,755 for the year ended December 31, 2016 and consisted primarily of the following:
| · | $24,183,028 of net cash provided by the issuance of common stock and investor deposits related to our ongoing Registered Offering, net of payments of organizational and offering costs of $651,670; |
| · | $24,215,000 proceeds from borrowings from our unsecured credit facility, partially offset by payments in unsecured credit facility of $14,057,197; |
| · | $7,092,932 of net cash provided by debt financing as a result from mortgage notes payable of $7,319,700, partially offset by principal payments of $53,555 and deferred financing costs of $173,213; |
| · | $83,843 net cash used in repurchases of shares of Class C common stock under the share repurchase program; and |
| · | $46,165 of cash distributions, after giving effect to distributions reinvested by stockholders of $124,996. |
Capital Resources
Generally, cash needs for property acquisitions, debt payments, capital expenditures, development and other investments will be funded by equity and debt offerings, bank borrowings, and to a lesser extent, by internally generated funds. Cash needs for operating and interest expense and dividends will generally be funded by internally generated funds. If available, future sources of capital include proceeds from the Offerings or future offerings of the Company’s equity securities, secured or unsecured borrowings from banks or other lenders, proceeds from the sale of properties, as well as undistributed funds from operations.
Results of Operations
The SEC declared the registration statement for the Registered Offering effective on June 1, 2016 and we commenced our Registered Offering on July 17, 2016. During the period from May 14, 2015 to June 15, 2016, we had been formed but had not yet commenced any significant operations. As a result, we had no material results of operations for those periods.
The Company owned nine properties and an approximate 4.4% interest in an affiliated REIT at December 31, 2016. The Company acquired nine additional properties in 2017. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company acquired an approximate 72.7% interest in a TIC. We expect that the rental income, tenant reimbursements, depreciation and amortization expense, interest expense and asset management fees to affiliates to each increase in future periods as a result of owning the nine properties acquired in 2017 for an entire period and anticipated future acquisitions of real estate investments. The Company expects that its income from investments in unconsolidated entities will increase in future periods as a result of the tenant-in-common investment that was made in September 2017. Our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2017 are not indicative of those expected in future periods as we are continuing to raise capital through the Offerings and acquire additional properties.
Comparison of the year ended December 31, 2017 to the year ended December 31, 2016
The increases in rental income, tenant recoveries, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest expense and property expense from the applicable prior-year periods were primarily due to properties acquired after December 31, 2016, as well as a complete year of operations from properties acquired.
Rental Income
Rental income for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $6,140,444 and $709,982 respectively. The annualized rental income of the properties owned as of December 31, 2017 was $10,547,530.
Tenant Recoveries
Tenant recoveries were $1,249,762 and $151,762 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 respectively. Pursuant to most of our lease agreements, tenants are required to pay all or a portion of the property operating expenses.
Fees to Affiliate
Expensed acquisition fees and management fees to affiliate for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, were $872,281 and $591,073, respectively. Upon adopting ASU 2017-01 on October 1, 2016, acquisition fees have been capitalized as the Company’s investments were asset acquisitions. Acquisition fees totaling $3,661,684 and $505,608 were capitalized during the year ended December 31, 2017 and the three months ended December 31, 2016, respectively.
Subordinated participation fees to affiliates were $315,802 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
The following fees for affiliates are included in other expense line items:
| · | The asset management fees are equal to 1.2% per annum of the Company’s total investment value. Of the asset management fees, $143,540, and $27,051 of such fees were waived for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. As of December 31, 2017, the cumulative amount of deferred asset management fees was $567,661. The Company expects that some of the deferred asset management fees will be paid in 2018. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Net loss | | $ | (49,141,910) | | | $ | (4,415,992) | |
| FFO adjustments: | | | | |
| Add: Depreciation and amortization | | 15,759,199 | | | 9,848,130 | |
| Amortization of lease incentives | | 61,204 | | | 61,203 | |
| Impairment of real estate investment properties | | 10,267,625 | | | — | |
| Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets | | 34,572,403 | | | — | |
| Depreciation and amortization for investment in TIC | | 727,048 | | | 1,001,751 | |
| Less: Gain on sale of real estate investments, net | | (4,139,749) | | | — | |
| FFO | | 8,105,820 | | | 6,495,092 | |
| AFFO adjustments: | | | | |
| Add: Amortization of corporate intangibles | | 1,833,054 | | | — | |
| Stock compensation | | 712,217 | | | 372,500 | |
| Financing costs | | 1,025,093 | | | 638,200 | |
| Amortization of above-market intangible leases | | 169,857 | | | 97,045 | |
| Unrealized losses on interest rate swaps | | 770,898 | | | 820,496 | |
| Acquisition fees and due diligence expenses, including abandoned pursuit costs | | 94,043 | | | 46,681 | |
| Merger expenses | | — | | | 1,468,914 | |
| Less: Deferred rents | | (958,779) | | | (1,309,272) | |
| Amortization of below-market intangible leases | | (1,541,313) | | | (646,745) | |
| Other adjustments for unconsolidated entities | | (90,803) | | | (165,865) | |
| AFFO | | $ | 10,120,087 | | | $ | 7,817,046 | |
| | | | |
| Weighted average shares outstanding - fully diluted | | 9,196,240 | | | 5,012,158 | |
| Weighted average shares outstanding - basic | | 8,006,276 | | | 5,012,158 | |
| | | | |
| FFO Per Share, Fully Diluted | | $ | 0.88 | | | $ | 1.30 | |
| AFFO Per Share, Basic | | $ | 1.26 | | | $ | 1.56 | |
| · | Property management feed to affiliates for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $20,251 and $0, respectively. |
| · | There were no disposition fees to affiliate in the years ended December 31, 2017 or 2016. |
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $3,742,896 and $1,276,535, respectively.
General and administrative expenses increased $2,466,361 for the year ended December 31, 2016 to $3,742,896 for the year ended December 31, 2017. These general and administrative expenses consisted primarily of investor relations payroll expense, professional legal and accounting fees, office supplies, bank services charges, and expense related to the shares issued to the board of directors for their compensation. We expect general and administrative costs to increase in the future as a result of anticipated future acquisitions of real estate investments.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $3,081,554 and $493,185, respectively. The purchase price of the acquired properties is allocated to tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities and depreciated or amortized over their estimated useful lives.
Interest Expense
Interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $1,637,984 and $395,110, respectively. See Note 6 of the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for the detail of the components of interest expense.
Property Expense
Property expense for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $1,282,759 and $171,063, respectively. These expenses primarily relate to property taxes, insurance and repairs and maintenance expenses.
Expenses Reimbursed/Fees Waived by Sponsor or Affiliate
Expenses reimbursed/fees waived by Sponsor or affiliate for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $2,468,138 and $979,102, respectively. The expenses reimbursed by the Sponsor for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, of $2,324,598 and $951,601, respectively were payroll costs related to Company employees that answer questions from prospective stockholders.
Waived asset management fees for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, were $143,540 and $27,501, respectively. The Company currently expects that no asset management fees will be waived in future years.
Other Income
Interest income for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $7,215 and $977, respectively.
Income (losses) from investments in unconsolidated entities for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $199,233 and ($79,271), respectively. This represents the Company’s approximately 4.4% share of the results of operations of Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I, including the recognition of certain amounts related to previous periods as described in Note 5 of the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements included herein and the Company’s approximately 72.7% share of the results of operations of the TIC for the period from September 28, 2017 through December 31, 2017.
Organizational and Offering Costs
Our organizational and offering costs are paid by our Sponsor on our behalf. Offering costs include all expenses incurred in connection with the Offering, including investor relations payroll costs. Other organizational and offering costs include all expenses incurred in connection with our formation, including, but not limited to legal fees, federal and state filing fees, and other costs to incorporate.
During the primary Offerings, we are obligated to reimburse our Sponsor for organizational and offering costs related to the Offerings paid by them on our behalf provided such reimbursement would not exceed 3% of gross offering proceeds raised in the Offerings as of the date of the reimbursement.
As of December 31, 2017, the Company had not directly incurred any organizational and offering costs related to the Offerings as all such costs had been funded by our Sponsor. As a result, these organizational and offering costs related to the Offerings are not recorded in our financial statements as of December 31, 2017 other than to the extent of 3% of the gross offering proceeds. Through December 31, 2017, our Sponsor had incurred organizational and offering costs on our behalf in connection with the Offerings of $6,954,932. As of December 31, 2017, the Company had recorded $2,723,462 of organizational and offering costs, of which $15,945 was payable to the Sponsor or affiliates.
Distributions
During our offering stage, when we may raise capital more quickly than we acquire
income producingincome-producing assets, and from
time to timetime-to-time during our operational stage, we
waymay not pay distributions
solely from cash flow from operations.
In these cases, distributions may be paid in whole or in part from the waiver or deferral of fees otherwise due to our Advisor, if so elected by our Advisor. Historically, the sources of cash used to pay our
distributorsdistributions have been from net rental income received and the waiver and deferral of management
fees.fees by our Former Advisor through December 31, 2019. The leases for certain of our real estate acquisitions may provide for rent abatements. These abatements are an inducement for the tenant to enter into or extend the term of its lease. In connection with the acquisition of some properties, we may be able to negotiate a reduced purchase price for the acquired property in an amount that equals the previously agreed-upon rent abatement. During the period of any rent abatement on properties that we acquire, we may be unable to fully fund our distributions from net rental income
received and waivers or deferralsreceived. In connection with the extension of
Advisor asset management fees.the lease term of some properties, we may agree to pay a lease extension fee. In
that event,those events, we may expand the sources of cash used to fund
outour stockholder distributions to include proceeds
forfrom the sale of our common stock, but only during the periods, and up to the amounts, of any rent abatements where we are able to negotiate a reduced purchase
price.price or pay lease extension fees.
A table of distributions declare,declared, distributions paid out, the impact on cash flows from operations and the source of distribution payments is disclosed inPARTPart II, ITEMItem 5. underMarket for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities - Distribution Information. Going forward, we expect
that our board of directors
will to continue to declare
cash distributions based on daily record dates and to pay the distributions on a monthly basis, and after our
Offerings,offering period, to continue to declare stock distributions based on a single record date as of the end of the month, and to pay these distributions on
a monthly basis.
Cash distributionsDistributions will be determined by our board of directors based on our financial condition and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant.
Our board of directors has not pre-established a percentage rate of return for stock dividends or cash distributions to stockholders. We have not established a minimum dividend or distribution level, and our charter does not require that we make dividends or distributions to our stockholders other than as necessary to meet
IRS REIT qualification standards.
Subject to stockholder approval of planned amendments to our charter, we plan to pay a 13th distribution if our AFFO exceeds 100% of distributions declared for the year ending December 31, 2021. Any 13th distribution would be declared by our board of directors during January 2022 and be based on the outstanding shares held by stockholders on the declaration date using the following formula: (i) the daily amount of the 13th distribution divided by 365 days (ii) multiplied by the number of days such shares were held by such stockholder from January 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021. Stockholders will only be eligible for any 13th distribution declared by the board of directors if they hold such shares on the declaration date in January 2022. Cash Flow Summary
The following table summarizes our cash flow activity for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | | $ | 5,576,840 | | | $ | 4,748,904 | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | | $ | 24,778,295 | | | $ | (29,602,469) | |
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | | $ | (28,914,535) | | | $ | 23,034,567 | |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities was $5,576,840 and $4,748,904 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2020 primarily reflects adjustments to our net loss of $49,141,910 for distributions from an investment in an unconsolidated entity of $683,000; non-cash charges for impairment of goodwill, intangible assets and impairment of real estate investment property aggregating $44,840,028 due to the COVID-19 pandemic; and net non-cash charges of $12,762,668 primarily related to depreciation and amortization, unrealized loss on interest rate swap valuation, amortization of deferred financing costs, stock issued as compensation expense, and amortization of above-market lease intangibles, partially offset by gain on sale of real estate investments, amortization of deferred rents, amortization of below-market lease intangibles and income from investment in unconsolidated entities. In addition, the net non-cash charges were partially offset by use of cash resulting from a net change in operating assets and liabilities of $3,566,946 during the year ended December 31, 2020 due primarily to increases in prepaid expenses and other assets and decreases in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities and amounts due to affiliates, offset in part by a decrease in tenant receivables.
The cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2019 primarily reflects adjustments to our net loss of $4,415,992 for distributions from investments in unconsolidated entities of $1,029,786 and net non-cash charges of $9,647,509 primarily related to depreciation and amortization, amortization of deferred financing costs, stock compensation expense, unrealized loss on interest rate swap valuation and amortization of lease incentives and above-market lease intangibles, partially offset by deferred rents, income from investment in unconsolidated entities, and amortization of below-market lease intangibles. Cash was also provided by the net change in operating assets and liabilities of $1,512,399 during the year ended December 31, 2019 due to increases in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities and amounts due to affiliates and decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets, partially offset by an increase in tenant receivables.
We expect that our cash flows from operating activities will be positive in the next twelve months. We believe that the efforts by the government to vaccinate a significant portion of the population from the COVID-19 virus will result in improvements in the business environment we operate in, coupled with our plan to expand our existing lines of business in 2021.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash provided by investing activities was $24,778,295 for the year ended December 31, 2020 and consisted primarily of the following:
•$27,008,028 from proceeds from sales of real estate investments; partially offset by
•$673,631 for additions to existing real estate properties;
•$566,102 for additions to intangible assets; and
•$990,000 for payments to lease incentives.
Net cash used in investing activities was $29,602,469 for the year ended December 31, 2019 and consisted primarily of the following:
•$24,820,410 for the acquisition of one operating property;
•$1,665,180 for capitalized costs and improvements to existing real estate investments;
•$3,486,927 for payment of tenant improvements; and
•$746,459 for payment of acquisition fees to affiliate; offset in part by
•$1,016,507 for cash acquired from acquisitions of affiliates; and
•$100,000 collection of refunded purchase deposit for a prospective acquisition property.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $28,914,535 for the year ended December 31, 2020 and consisted primarily of the following:
•$10,908,856 of proceeds from issuance of common stock, partially offset by payments for offering costs and commissions of $1,204,581;
•$35,705,500 of proceeds from refinanced mortgage notes payable, more than offset by principal payments of $45,299,688 primarily related to refinancings and property sales and deferred financing cost payments of $387,341 to third parties;
•$4,260,000 of proceeds from borrowings on our Unsecured Credit Facility and $517,000 borrowed under the PPP;
•these proceeds were more than offset by $6,000,000 of repayments under our Unsecured Credit Facility, $4,800,000 for repayments of short-term notes payable, $17,576,261 used for repurchases of shares under the SRPs, $5,019,216 of distributions paid to common stockholders and $18,804 of refundable loan deposits.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $23,034,567 for the year ended December 31, 2019 and consisted primarily of the following:
•$34,555,691 of proceeds from issuance of common stock and investor deposits, partially offset by payments for offering costs and commissions of $1,715,370;
•$23,100,000 of proceeds from mortgage notes payable, partially offset by principal payments of $14,879,217, deferred financing cost payments of $495,148 to third parties and $107,500 to an affiliate; and
•$12,609,000 of proceeds from borrowings on our Unsecured Credit Facility; these proceeds were more than offset by $13,869,000 of repayments on our former unsecured credit facility; $12,145,903 used for repurchases of shares under the SRPs; and $4,017,986 of distributions paid to common stockholders.
Results of Operations
As of December 31, 2020, we owned (i) 36 operating properties (excluding four operating properties held for sale as of December 31, 2020) including 14 of the 20 operating properties which were acquired through the Merger on December 31, 2019; (ii) one parcel of land which currently serves as an easement to one of our office properties; and (iii) the TIC Interest. We acquired no operating properties in 2020 primarily as a result of the COVID -19 pandemic and 21 operating properties in 2019 (one property during October 2019 and 20 properties resulting from the Merger on December 31, 2019). Primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we sold five operating properties in 2020 to support share repurchase payments to our stockholders and provide additional liquidity. We expect that rental income, tenant reimbursements, depreciation and amortization expense and interest expense will be less on a quarter-over-quarter basis due to recent asset sales until we execute property acquisitions and initiatives for our growth strategy. Our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 are not indicative of those expected in future periods as we expect to continue to raise capital through the sale of shares of our common stock and acquire additional operating properties.
However, due to the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and globally and the subsequent mutations of the COVID-19 virus into several variants, our tenants and operating partners will continue to be impacted. The impact of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent mutations of the virus into several variants could continue to significantly affect our future results. The severity of the effect will depend largely on future developments, which continue to be uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the success of the COVID-19 global vaccination, the duration of protection against the virus from the vaccines, the speed of inventing new vaccines to contain the variants, and the reactions by consumers, companies, governmental entities and capital markets.
Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2020 to the Year Ended December 31, 2019
Rental Income
Rental income, including tenant reimbursements, was $38,903,430 and $24,544,958 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The 2021 annualized rental income of the 36 operating properties owned as of December 31, 2020, excluding four retail properties held for sale as of December 31, 2020, was $26,052,736. We owned 45 operating properties as of December 31, 2019, which included 20 operating properties acquired through the Merger on December 31, 2019, and 36 operating properties as of December 31, 2020, excluding the four operating properties held for sale as of December 31, 2020. We sold five operating properties in 2020 (four retail properties and one industrial property). The $14,358,472, or 58%, year-over-year increase in rental income primarily reflects rental income from the 20 operating properties acquired through the Merger on December 31, 2019 and one operating property acquired in October 2019.
Fees to Affiliates
Fees to affiliates, or asset management fees to affiliates, were $3,305,021 for the year ended December 31, 2019 for our investments in operating properties. The fee was equal to 0.1% of the total investment value of our properties on a monthly basis through December 31, 2019, when the Advisory Agreement was terminated in connection with the Self-Management Transaction. The fees for the year ended December 31, 2019 correspond to the 25 operating properties owned during that year. In addition, we incurred asset management fees to the Former Advisor of $191,907 related to our approximate 72.7% TIC Interest during the year ended December 31, 2019, which amounts were reflected as a reduction of income recognized from investments in unconsolidated entities. The Advisory Agreement with the entities that own the TIC Interest property was assigned to our taxable REIT subsidiary following the Self-Management Transaction and we earn a monthly management fee equal to 0.1% of the total investment value of the property from this entity, which resulted in a management fee of $263,971 for the year ended December 31, 2020, of which our portion of expense relating to the TIC Interest was $191,933.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses were $10,399,194 and $2,711,573 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase of $7,687,621, or 284%, year-over-year primarily reflects the costs of self-management of all 36 operating properties owned, four properties held for sale as of December 31, 2020 and five operating properties sold during the second half of 2020, including personnel, occupancy and technology services costs, compared with the costs of the Advisory Agreement for the 25 operating properties owned during the prior year period, along with increases in directors and officers insurance, audit fees, third party consulting costs and post-closing legal costs related to the Self-Management Transaction.
Merger Costs
Merger costs or self-management transaction expenses for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were $201,920 and $1,468,913, respectively, primarily reflecting an allocation of the fees of the financial advisor to the special committee of our board of directors, along with legal fees for the special committee's legal counsel.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were $17,592,253 and $9,848,130, respectively. The purchase price of the acquired properties was allocated to tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities and depreciated or amortized over their estimated useful lives. The increase of $7,744,123, or 79%, year-over-year primarily reflects the expenses of all 36 operating properties owned, five properties sold during the current year period and four properties held for sale as of December 31, 2020, which included the 20 operating properties acquired through the Merger on December 31, 2019, and the amortization of intangibles of $1,833,054 primarily acquired in the Self-Management Transaction, as compared with expenses for the 25 operating properties owned during the prior year period.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $11,460,747 and $7,382,610 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase of $4,078,137, or 55%, year-over-year primarily reflects an increase in the average principal balance of mortgage notes payable from approximately $127,931,000 for the year ended December 31, 2019 to approximately $201,863,000 for the year ended December 31, 2020, including $9,088,000 of mortgage notes payable related to real estate investments held for sale as of December 31, 2020. Average Unsecured Credit Facility borrowings were approximately $3,110,000 for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to approximately $8,748,000 for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Property Expenses
Property expenses were $6,999,178 and $4,877,658 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. These expenses primarily relate to property taxes as well as insurance, utilities, and repairs and maintenance expenses. The increase of $2,121,520, or 43%, year-over-year primarily reflects the expenses of all 36 operating properties owned, four properties held for sale as of December 31, 2020 and five operating properties sold during the second half of 2020, including the 20 operating properties acquired on December 31, 2019 in the Merger, as compared with expenses for the 25 operating properties owned during the prior year period, which excluded the 20 operating properties acquired through the Merger on December 31, 2019.
Impairment of Investments in Real Estate Properties
Impairment charges aggregating $10,267,625 recorded during the year ended December 31, 2020 relates to the impairments on the sale of our three properties located in Lake Elsinore, California, Morgan Hill, California and Las Vegas Nevada, one vacant property located in Cedar Park, Texas and one held for sale property located in San Jose, California. These impairment charges were primarily due to the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic as discussed further in Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Impairment charges of $34,572,403 recorded during the year ended December 31, 2020 consisted of goodwill impairment of $33,267,143 (approximates 66% of goodwill) and intangible assets impairment of $1,305,260 (approximates 16% of intangible assets) related to our investor list. These impairments were recorded in the first quarter of 2020 and reflect the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic to the carrying values of goodwill and intangible assets (see Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for impairment details).
Expenses Reimbursed by Former Sponsor or Affiliates
Expenses reimbursed by Former Sponsor or affiliates were $332,337 for the year ended December 31, 2019, reflecting the amounts reimbursed by the Former Sponsor for investor relations payroll costs of $373,252, partially offset by a $40,915 refund to the Former Sponsor of employment related legal fees. Concurrent with the closing of the Self-Management Transaction on December 31, 2019, the Advisory Agreement was terminated.
Total Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, interest expense, non-cash stock compensation expense and acquisition expenses (“Total Operating Expenses”), were 4.3% and 3.2% of average invested assets for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Total Operating Expenses were 34% and 238% of the net loss for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Gain on Sale of Real Estate Investments, net
The gain on sale of real estate investments, net of $4,139,749 for the year ended December 31, 2020 reflects the net gain on sale of five retail properties during the current year (see Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more details).
Other (Expense) Income, Net
The lease termination expense of $(1,039,648) for the year ended December 31, 2020 reflects the fee for early termination of our Costa Mesa, California office lease following the surrender of the leased premises to the lessor during the second quarter of 2020 (see Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more details).
Interest income was $4,923 and $66,570 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Income from investments in unconsolidated entities was $296,780 and $234,048 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 , respectively. This represents our approximate 72.7% TIC Interest in the Santa Clara, California property for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and includes the results of our approximate 4.8% interest in REIT I's results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019. We acquired REIT I in the Merger on December 31, 2019.
Organizational and Offering Costs
Our organizational and offering costs were paid by our Former Sponsor on our behalf through September 30, 2019, at which point in an amendment to the Advisory Agreement we agreed to pay all future organizational and offering costs, and to no longer be reimbursed by our Former Sponsor for investor relations personnel costs after September 30, 2019, in exchange for our Former Sponsor's agreement to terminate its right to receive 3% of gross offering proceeds as reimbursement for organizational and offering costs paid by our Former Sponsor. Offering costs include all expenses incurred in connection with the Offerings, including investor relations compensation costs. Other organizational and offering costs include all expenses incurred in connection with our formation, including, but not limited to legal fees, federal and state filing fees, and other costs to incorporate.
During the Offerings though the amendment of the Advisory Agreement described above, we were obligated to reimburse our Former Sponsor for organizational and offering costs related to the Offerings paid by our Former Sponsor on our behalf provided such reimbursement did not exceed 3% of gross offering proceeds raised in the Offerings as of the date of the reimbursement.
Following the October 2019 amendment to the Advisory Agreement with our Former Sponsor, from October 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019, we incurred $509,791 of direct organizational and offering costs related to the Offerings, including primarily legal fees, FINRA, SEC and blue sky filing and personnel costs for investor relations personnel. As a result, the organizational and offering costs related to the Offerings recorded in our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2019 include the $509,791 of direct costs that we incurred plus $1,206,881 in reimbursements we made to our Former Sponsor to the extent of 3.0% of the gross offering proceeds through September 30, 2019. Through September 30, 2019, our Former Sponsor had incurred organizational and offering costs on our behalf in connection with the Offerings in excess of 3.0% of the gross offering proceeds received by the Company. As of December 31, 2019, we had recorded $5,429,105 of organizational and offering costs paid to our Former Sponsor or affiliates and $509,791 which we incurred directly for an aggregate of $5,938,896.
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the costs of raising equity capital were 6.7% and 4.2%, respectively, of the equity capital raised.
Properties
Portfolio Information
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, we owned real estate investments (excluding four assets held for sale as of December 31, 2020) as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, |
| 2020 | | 2019 (1) |
| Number of properties: | | | |
| Retail | 11 | | | 19 | |
| Office | 14 | | | 14 | |
| Industrial | 11 | | | 12 | |
| Total operating properties | 36 | | | 45 | |
| Parcel of land | 1 | | | 1 | |
| Total properties | 37 | | | 46 | |
| | | |
| Leasable square feet: | | | |
| Retail | 220,553 | | | 362,764 | |
| Office | 853,963 | | | 904,499 | |
| Industrial | 1,053,779 | | | 1,093,539 | |
| Total leasable square feet | 2,128,295 | | | 2,360,802 | |
(1) Includes 20 properties acquired through the Merger with REIT I on December 31, 2019 as follows: (i) 11 retail properties with an aggregate leasable square feet of 177,380; (ii) six office properties with an aggregate leasable square feet of 183,752; and (iii) three industrial properties with an aggregate leasable square feet of 246,259. During 2020, one industrial property and two retail properties were sold and three retail properties were classified as held for sale.
The above table does not include an approximate 72.7% TIC Interest in a 91,740 square foot office property located in Santa Clara, California.
We have a very limited operating history. As of December 31, 2017,2020, we had only acquired 18own: (i) 36 operating properties; (ii) four properties held for sale; (iii) one parcel of land, which currently serves as an easement to one of our office properties; and one tenant-in-common real estate investment in which we have an approximate 72.7% interest and one real estate investment in an affiliated REIT in which we have an approximate 4.4% interest, as described inItem 2. Properties. Therefore, we have limited operations and independent financing.(iv) the TIC Interest. In evaluating these properties as a potential acquisition,acquisitions, including the determination of an appropriate purchase price to be paid for the properties, we considered a variety of factors, including the condition and financial performance of the properties, the terms of the existing leases and the creditworthiness of the tenants, property location, visibility and access, age of the properties, physical condition and curb appeal, neighboring property uses, local market conditions, including vacancy rates, area demographics, including trade area population and average household income and neighborhood growth patterns and economic conditions.
Sales of Real Estate Investments
During 2020, we sold the following real estate investments:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Property | | Location | | Disposition Date | | Property Type | | Rentable Square Feet | | Contract Sales Price | | Net Proceeds After Debt Repayment |
| Rite Aid | | Lake Elsinore, CA | | 8/3/2020 | | Retail | | 17,272 | | | $ | 7,250,000 | | | $ | 3,299,016 | |
| Walgreens | | Stockbridge, GA | | 8/27/2020 | | Retail | | 15,120 | | | 5,538,462 | | | 5,296,356 | |
| Island Pacific | | Elk Grove, CA | | 9/16/2020 | | Retail | | 13,963 | | | 3,155,000 | | | 1,124,016 | |
| Dinan Cars | | Morgan Hill, CA | | 10/28/2020 | | Industrial | | 27,296 | | | 6,100,000 | | | 3,811,580 | |
| 24 Hour Fitness (1) | | Las Vegas, NV | | 12/16/2020 | | Retail | | 45,000 | | | 9,052,941 | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | 118,651 | | | $ | 31,096,403 | | | 13,530,968 | |
(1) On December 16, 2020, we completed the sale of our Las Vegas, Nevada retail property which was formerly leased to 24 Hour Fitness for $9,052,941, which is expected to generate net proceeds of $1,324,383 upon collection of the receivable from the buyer and after assignment of the existing mortgage to the buyer, payment of commissions and closing costs, and reserves for tenant improvements and free rent.
Subsequent to December 31, 2020, we completed the sale of three of the four real estate investments classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2020.
On January 7, 2021, we completed the sale of our Roseville, California retail property which was leased to the operator of a Chevron gas station for $4,050,000, which generated net proceeds of $3,914,909 after payment of commissions and closing costs.
On January 29, 2021, we completed the sale of our Sacramento, California retail property which was leased to EcoThrift for $5,375,300, which generated net proceeds of $2,684,225 after repayment of the existing mortgage, commissions and closing costs.
On February 12, 2021, we completed the sale of our San Jose, California retail property which was leased to the operator of a Chevron gas station for $4,288,888, which generated net proceeds of $4,055,657 after payment of commissions and closing costs.
Extension of Leases
During December 2019 and January 2020, we amended lease agreements to extend the lease terms for three of our properties. The lease for the Walgreens property in Stockbridge, Georgia was extended for 10 years to February 28, 2031 in exchange for an incentive payment of $500,000 payable in four installments of $125,000 each, commencing January 10, 2020 with the final installment paid April 1, 2020. The lease for the Walgreens property in Santa Maria, California was extended for 10 years to March 31, 2032 in exchange for an incentive payment of $490,000 payable in four installments of $122,500 each, commencing January 15, 2020 with the final installment paid April 1, 2020. The lease for the Accredo property in Orlando, Florida was extended for 3 1/2 years to December 31, 2024 and we paid a leasing commission of $215,713 to the tenant’s broker in February 2020.
Effective August 1, 2020, we executed an amendment for the early termination of the Dana lease from July 31, 2024 to July 31, 2022 in exchange for an early termination payment of $1,381,767 due on July 31, 2022 and continued rent payments of $65,000 per month from August 1, 2020 through July 1, 2022. In the event that we are able to re-lease or sell the Dana property prior to July 31, 2022, Dana would be obligated to continue paying rent of $65,000 per month through July 1, 2022, along with the early termination payment, or may elect to pay a cash lump sum payment to us equal to the net present value of the remaining rent payments.
Effective October 23, 2020, the Company extended the lease term of its Wood Group property located in San Diego, California for the five year period from February 28, 2021 to February 28, 2026 for minimum annual rents increasing annually. The Company paid an aggregate leasing commission of $146,679 to the broker, of which 50% was paid in November 2020 and the remaining 50% was paid in March 2021, in connection with this extension.
Effective December 15, 2020, the Company extended the lease term of its Solar Turbines property located in San Diego, California for an additional two years from July 31, 2021 to July 31, 2023 with minimum annual rents continuing at the rate in effect.
Effective January 21, 2021, the Company extended the lease terms of two of its Dollar General properties located in Lakeside, Ohio and in Castalia, Ohio for the five year period from June 1, 2030 to May 31, 2035 for an increased minimum annual rent for the extension period in exchange for one month of free rent, which amounted to $6,753 and $6,610 for the Lakeside and Castalia properties, respectively. In addition, the amendments provide for three five-year extension periods at the option of the tenant, each at an increased minimum rental amount.
Effective March 1, 2021, the Company also extended the lease term of its Northrop Grumman property located in Melbourne, Florida for the five year period from May 31, 2021 to May 31, 2026 for minimum annual rents increasing annually. The amendment includes both an early termination option at the end of the third year of the extension and an option for an additional extension of five years. The Company paid a leasing commission of $128,538 to the tenant's brokers and $128,538 to Northrop Grumman as a credit for additional tenant improvement costs in connection with this extension of the Northrop Grumman lease term. The Company also agreed to provide tenant improvements (including roof, HVAC and other improvements) that it estimates will cost approximately $1,150,000 in connection with this extension.
We are continuing to explore potential lease extensions for many of our properties.
Other than as discussed below, we do not
currently have
other plans to incur any significant costs to renovate, improve or develop
the properties, other than as discussed below, and weour properties. We believe that
theour properties are adequately insured.
The Company has four tenantsWe have one tenant with
leasesa lease that
provideprovides for
tenant improvement allowances totaling $1,899,485, including an 72.7% share of thea tenant improvement allowance
for the Santa Clara property.which has a remainder of $63,000. We expect that the related improvements will be completed during the
20182021 calendar year.
ThereAs of December 31, 2020, there are restricted cash deposits of
$944,582$92,684 that are available to be used to pay for these improvements. The remainder will be funded from operating cash flow or offering proceeds.
In addition,
the Company haswe have identified approximately
$450,000$2,596,000 of roof replacement, exterior painting and sealing and parking lot repairs/restriping that are expected to be completed in
2018 and 2019.2021, including approximately $900,000 of the Northrop Grumman tenant improvements discussed above. Approximately
$115,000$629,000 of these improvements are expected to be recoverable from
the tenanttenants through their operating expense
recoveries. However, the Companyreimbursements. In addition, there are no restricted cash deposits that were reserved to pay for these improvements. We will have to pay for the improvements and the recoveries will be billed over an extended period of
time.time according to the terms of the lease. The remaining costs of approximately
$335,000$1,967,000 are not recoverable from tenants. These improvements will be funded from operating cash flows,
debt financings or
offering proceeds.proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock.
More information on our properties and investments can be found inPart I, Item 2. Properties of this Annual Report.Report on Form 10-K.
Recent Market Conditions
Beginning
We continue to face significant uncertainties due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Both the investing and leasing environments are highly competitive. Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, uncertainty regarding the economic and political environment had made businesses reluctant to make long-term commitments or changes in late 2007, domestic and internationaltheir business plans. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant disruptions in financial markets, experienced significant disruptions thatbusiness shutdowns and uncertainty about how the U.S. and global economy will perform over the next several months. The ongoing trade war between the U.S. and China has also increased the level of uncertainty and resulted in reductions in business investments.
Possible future declines in rental rates and expectations of future rental concessions, including free rent to renew tenants early, to retain tenants who are up for renewal or to attract new tenants, or rent abatements for tenants severely impacted by the availabilityCOVID-19 pandemic, may result in decreases in cash flows from investment properties. We have one retail lease with a leasable area of credit50,000 square feet scheduled to expire July 31, 2021, representing approximately 0.4% of projected 2021 net operating income from properties. We also have nine leases scheduled to expire in either 2022 or 2023, which comprise an aggregate of 805,822 leasable square feet and contributedrepresenting approximately 24.5% of projected 2021 net operating income from properties. The tenants of these properties could reevaluate their use of such properties in light of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, including their ability to rising costs associated with obtaining credit. Financialhave workers succeed from working at home, and determine not to renew these leases or to seek rent or other concessions as a condition of renewing their leases. Potential declines in economic conditions affectingcould negatively impact commercial real estate have improvedfundamentals and continue to improve, as low treasuryresult in lower occupancy, lower rental rates and increased lendingdeclining values in our real estate portfolio, which could have the following negative effects on us: the values of our investments in commercial properties could decrease below the amounts paid for such investments; and/or revenues from banks, insurance companiesour properties could decrease due to fewer tenants and/or lower rental rates, making it more difficult for us to make distributions or meet our debt service obligations.
While we have had success during 2020 and commercial mortgage backed securities (“CMBS”) conduitsthe first quarter of 2021 with refinancing certain properties, uncertainties in the capital markets may cause difficulty in refinancing debt obligations prior to maturity at terms as favorable as the terms of existing indebtedness. Market conditions can change quickly, potentially negatively impacting the value of real estate investments. Management continuously reviews our investment and debt financing strategies to optimize our portfolio and the cost of our debt exposure.
We plan to rely on debt financing to finance our real estate properties and we may have increased lending activity. Nevertheless,difficulty refinancing some of our debt obligations prior to or at maturity, or we may not be able to refinance these obligations at terms as favorable as the terms of our initial indebtedness and we also may be unable to obtain additional debt financing on attractive terms or at all. If we are not able to refinance our indebtedness on attractive terms at the various maturity dates, we may be forced to dispose of some of our assets.
The debt market remains sensitive to the macro environment, such as
impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, Federal Reserve policy, market sentiment or regulatory factors affecting the banking and
CMBScommercial mortgage-backed securities industries. While we
expect that financialhave been able to successfully refinance seven of our properties over the last nine months, economic conditions
will remain favorable, if they were to deterioratehave deteriorated during the last year as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and we may experience more stringent lending criteria
in the future, which may affect our ability to finance certain property acquisitions or refinance any debt at maturity. Additionally, for properties for which we are able to obtain financing, the interest rates and other terms on such loans may be unacceptable. We expect to manage the current mortgage lending environment by considering alternative lending sources, including securitized debt, fixed rate loans, borrowings on a line of credit, short-term variable rate loans,
assumed mortgage loans in connection with property acquisitions, interest rate lock or swap agreements, or any combination of the foregoing.
Commercial real estate fundamentals continue to strengthen, as a moderate pace
Critical Accounting Policies
Below
The discussion below is
a discussion ofregarding the accounting policies that management believes are or will be critical to our operations. We consider these policies critical in that they involve significant management judgments and assumptions, require estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain and because they are important for understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These judgments affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and our disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the dates of the
consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. With different estimates or assumptions, materially different amounts could be reported in our
consolidated financial statements. Additionally, other companies may have utilized different estimates that may impact the comparability of our results of operations to those of companies in similar businesses.
Real Estate
Real Estate Acquisition Valuation
The Company records acquisitions
Revenue Recognition
We adopted FASB Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU No. 2014-09”), effective January 1, 2018. Our sources of revenue impacted by ASU No. 2014-09 included revenue generated by sales of real estate, other operating income and tenant reimbursements for substantial services earned at our properties. Such revenues are recognized when the services are provided and the performance obligations are satisfied. Tenant reimbursements, consisting of amounts due from tenants for common area maintenance, property taxes and other recoverable costs, are recognized in rental income subsequent to the adoption of Topic 842, as defined and discussed below, in the period the recoverable costs are incurred.
Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted FASB ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and the related FASB ASU Nos. 2018-10, 2018-11, 2018-20 and 2019-01, which provide practical expedients, technical corrections and improvements for certain aspects of ASU 2016-02, on a modified retrospective basis (collectively “Topic 842”). Topic 842 established a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for leases and supersedes the existing leasing guidance. Topic 842 applied to all entities that meetsenter into leases. Lessees are required to report assets and liabilities that arise from leases. Lessor accounting has largely remained unchanged; however, certain refinements were made to conform with revenue recognition guidance, specifically related to the definitionallocation and recognition of a businesscontract consideration earned from lease and non-lease revenue components. Topic 842 impacts our accounting for leases primarily as a business combination. If the acquisition does not meet the definition oflessor. However, Topic 842 also impacted our accounting as a business, the Company records the acquisitionlessee for an operating lease acquired as an asset acquisition. Under both methods, all assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured based on their acquisition-date fair values. Transaction costs that are related to a business combination are charged to expense as incurred. Transaction costs that are related to an asset acquisition are capitalized as incurred.The Company assesses the acquisition date fair values of all tangible assets, identifiable intangibles, and assumed liabilities using methods similar to those used by independent appraisers, generally utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis that applies appropriate discount and/or capitalization rates and available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors, including historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions. The fair value of tangible assets of an acquired property considers the valueresult of the Self-Management Transaction, which was completed on December 31, 2019.
As a lessor, our leases with tenants generally provide for the lease of real estate properties, as well as common area maintenance, property
taxes and other recoverable costs. Under Topic 842, the lease of space is considered a lease component while the common area maintenance, property taxes and other recoverable costs billings are considered nonlease components, which fall under revenue recognition guidance in ASU No. 2014-09. However, upon adopting the guidance in Topic 842, we determined that our tenant leases met the criteria to apply the practical expedient provided by ASU No. 2018-11 to recognize the lease and non-lease components together as
if it were vacant.The Company records above-market and below-market in-place lease values for acquired propertiesone single component. This conclusion was based on the present value (using a discount rateconsideration that reflects(1) the risks associated with the leases acquired)timing and pattern of transfer of the difference between (i)nonlease components and associated lease component are the contractual amounts tosame, and (2) the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be paid pursuant toclassified as an operating lease. As the in-place leaseslease of properties is the predominant component of our leasing arrangements, we accounted for all lease and (ii) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, measured over a period equal to the remaining noncancelable term of above-market in-place leases and for the initial term plus any extended term for any leases with below-market renewal options. The Company amortizes any recorded above-market or below-market lease valuesnonlease components as a reduction or increase, respectively, to rental income over the remaining noncancelable terms of the respective lease, including any below-market renewal periods.
The Company estimates the value of tenant origination and absorption costs by considering the estimated carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods, considering current market conditions. In estimating carrying costs, the Company includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease up periods.
The Company amortizes the value of tenant origination and absorption costs to depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining noncancelable term of the respective lease.
Estimates of the fair values of the tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities require the Company to make significant assumptions to estimate market lease rates, property-operating expenses, carrying costs during lease-up periods, discount rates, market absorption periods, and the number of years the property will be held for investment. The use of inappropriate assumptions would result in an incorrect valuation of the Company’s acquired tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities, which would impact the amount of the Company’s net income (loss).
Impairment of Real Estate and Related Intangible Assets
The Company continually monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of real estate and related intangible assets may not be recoverable. When indicators of potential impairment are present that indicate that the carrying amounts of real estate and related intangible assets may not be recoverable, management assesses whether the carrying value of the assets will be recovered through the future undiscounted operating cash flows expected from the use of and eventual disposition of the property. If, based on the analysis, the Company does not believe that it will be able to recover the carrying value of the asset, the Company will record an impairment charge to the extent the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizesone-single component under Topic 842.
We recognize rental income from tenants under operating leases on a straight-line basis over the noncancelable term of the lease when collectability of such amounts is reasonably assured. Recognition of rental income on a straight-line basis includes the effects of rental abatements, lease incentives and fixed and determinable increases in lease payments over the lease term. If the lease provides for tenant improvements, we determineour management determines whether the tenant improvements, for accounting purposes, are owned by the tenant or by us.
When we are the owner of the tenant improvements, the tenant is not considered to have taken physical possession or have control of the physical use of the leased asset until the tenant improvements are substantially completed. When the tenant is the owner of the tenant improvements, any tenant improvement allowance (including amounts that the tenant can take in the form of cash or a credit against its rent) that is funded is treated as a lease incentive and amortized as a reduction of revenue over the lease term. Tenant improvement ownership is determined based on various factors including, but not limited to:
| · | whether the lease stipulates how a tenant improvement allowance may be spent; |
| · | whether the amount of a tenant improvement allowance is in excess of market rates; |
| · | whether the tenant or landlord retains legal title to the improvements at the end of the lease term; |
| · | whether the tenant improvements are unique to the tenant or general-purpose in nature; and |
| · | whether the tenant improvements are expected to have any residual value at the end of the lease. |
•whether the lease stipulates how a tenant improvement allowance may be spent;
•whether the amount of a tenant improvement allowance is in excess of market rates;
•whether the tenant or landlord retains legal title to the improvements at the end of the lease term;
•whether the tenant improvements are unique to the tenant or general-purpose in nature; and
•whether the tenant improvements are expected to have any residual value at the end of the lease.
Tenant reimbursements of real estate taxes, insurance, repairs and maintenance, and other operating expenses are recognized as revenue in the period the expenses are incurred and presented gross if
the Company iswe are the primary obligor and, with respect to purchasing goods and services from third-party suppliers, has discretion in selecting the supplier and bears the associated credit risk.
In instances where the operating lease agreement has an early termination option, the termination penalty is based on a predetermined termination fee or based on the unamortized tenant improvements and leasing commissions. Gain or Loss on Sale of Real Estate Property The Company evaluates
We recognize gain or loss on sale of real estate property when we have executed a contract for sale of the property, transferred controlling financial interest in the property to the buyer and determined that it is probable that we will collect substantially all of the consideration for the property. Operating results of the property that is sold remain in continuing operations, and any associated gain or loss from the disposition is included in gain or loss on sale of real estate investments in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Bad Debts and Allowances for Tenant and Deferred Rent Receivables
We evaluate the collectability of rents and other receivables on a regular basis based on factors including, among others, payment history,
the operations,credit rating, the asset type, and current economic conditions. If
the Company’sour evaluation of these factors indicates
itwe may not recover the full value of the receivable,
it provides a reservewe provide an allowance against the portion of the receivable that
it estimateswe estimate may not be recovered. This analysis requires
the Companyus to determine whether there are factors indicating a receivable may not be fully
collectablecollectible and to estimate the amount of the receivable that may not be collected.
Unconsolidated Entities
The Company accounts
Our determination of the adequacy of our allowances for investmentstenant receivables includes a binary assessment of whether or not the amounts due under a tenant’s lease agreement are probable of collection. For such amounts that are deemed probable of collection, revenue continues to be recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For such amounts that are deemed not probable of collection, revenue is recorded as the lesser of (i) the amount which would be recognized on a straight-line basis or (ii) cash that has been received from the tenant, with any tenant and deferred rent receivable balances charged as a direct write-off against rental income in entities over which itthe period of the change in the collectability determination. In addition, for tenant and deferred rent receivables deemed probable of collection, we also may record an allowance under other authoritative GAAP depending upon our evaluation of the individual receivables, specific credit enhancements, current economic conditions, and other relevant factors. Such allowances are recorded as increases or decreases through rental income in our consolidated statements of operations.
With respect to tenants in bankruptcy, management makes estimates of the expected recovery of pre-petition and post-petition claims in assessing the estimated collectability of the related receivable. In some cases, the ultimate resolution of these claims can exceed one year. When a tenant is in bankruptcy, we will record a bad debt allowance for the tenant’s receivable balance and generally will not recognize subsequent rental revenue until cash is received or until the tenant is no longer in bankruptcy and has the ability to exercise significant influencemake rental payments.
Income Taxes
We elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes under
the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method of accounting, an investment is initially recognized at cost and is subsequently adjusted to reflect the Company’s share of earnings or lossesSection 856 through 860 of the
investee. The investmentInternal Revenue Code beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2016. We expect to operate in a manner that will allow us to continue to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including meeting various tests regarding the nature of our assets and our income, the ownership of our outstanding stock and distribution of at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to our stockholders (which is
also increased for additional amounts investedcomputed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain and
decreased for any distributions received from the investee. Equity method investments are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investment mightwhich does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). As a REIT, we generally will not be
recoverable.subject to U.S. federal income tax to the extent we distribute qualifying dividends to our stockholders. If
an equity method investmentwe fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is
determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired,lost unless the
investment is reduced to fair value and an impairment charge is recorded through earnings.Internal Revenue Service grants us relief under certain statutory provisions.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Under GAAP, the Company is required to measure certain financial instruments at fair value on a recurring basis. In addition, the Company is required to measure other non-financial and financial assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis (e.g., carrying value of impaired long-lived assets).
Fair value is defined as the
exchange price that would be received
upon the sale offor an asset or paid to transfer a
liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
The GAAPValuation techniques used to measure fair value
framework uses a three-tiered approach. Fairmust maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value
measurementshierarchy, which is based on three levels of inputs, the first two of which are
classifiedconsidered observable and
disclosed in one of the
following three categories:last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value, is as follows:
Level 1:
unadjusted quoted prices in active markets
that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2:
inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar
instruments in active markets,assets or liabilities; quoted prices
for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not
active, and model-derived valuations in which significantactive; or other inputs
and significant value driversthat are observable
in active markets;or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and
Level 3:
prices or valuation techniques whereunobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market
data is availableactivity and that
requires inputs that are
both significant to the fair value
measurement and unobservable.When available,of the Company utilizes quoted market prices from independent third-party sources to determineassets or liabilities.
The fair value for certain financial instruments is derived using a combination of market quotes, pricing models, and classifies such items in Level 1 or Level 2. In instances where the market forother valuation techniques that involve significant management judgment. The price transparency of financial instruments is a financial instrument is not active, regardlesskey determinant of the availabilitydegree of a nonbinding quoted market price, observable inputs might not be relevant and could requirejudgment involved in determining the Company to make a significant adjustment to derive a fair value measurement. Additionally, in anof our financial instruments. Financial instruments for which actively quoted prices or pricing parameters are available and for which markets contain orderly transactions will generally have a higher degree of price transparency than financial instruments for which markets are inactive market,or consist of non-orderly trades. We evaluate several factors when determining if a market price quoted from an independent third party may rely more on models with inputs based on information available only to that independent third party. When the Company determines the market for a financial instrument owned by the Company to be illiquidis inactive or when market transactions are not orderly. The following is a summary of the methods and assumptions used by management in estimating the fair value of each class of financial instrument for similarwhich it is practicable to estimate the fair value:
Cash and cash equivalents; restricted cash; tenant receivables; prepaid expenses and other assets; accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities; and due to affiliates: These balances approximate their fair values due to the short maturities of these items.
Derivative instruments do not appear orderly,: Our derivative instruments are presented at fair value on the Companyaccompanying consolidated balance sheets. The valuation of these instruments is determined using a proprietary model that utilizes observable inputs. As such, we classify these inputs as Level 2 inputs. The proprietary model uses severalthe contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, as well as observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and volatility. The fair values of interest rate swaps are estimated using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves. In addition, credit valuation sources (including internaladjustments, which consider the impact of any credit risks to the contracts, are incorporated in the fair values to account for potential nonperformance risk.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets: Thefair value measurements of goodwill and intangible assets are considered Level 3 nonrecurring fair value measurements. For goodwill, fair value measurement involves the determination of fair value of a reporting unit. We use a discounted cash flow approach to estimate the fair value of our real estate assets, which requires the use of capitalization rates and discount rates. We use a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate future performance, generating the fair value of the reporting unit's business. For intangible assets, fair value measurements include assumptions with inherent uncertainty, including projected securities offering volumes and related projected revenues and long-term growth rates, among others. The carrying value of intangible assets is at risk of impairment if future projected offering proceeds, revenues or external valuations,long-term growth rates are lower than those currently projected.
Unsecured credit facility: The fair value of our Unsecured Credit Facility approximates its carrying value as the interest rates are variable and the balances approximate their fair values due to the short maturities of this facility.
Mortgage notes payable: The fair value of our mortgage note payable is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on management’s estimates of current market interest rates for instruments with similar characteristics, including remaining loan term, loan-to-value ratio, type of collateral and quoted market prices) and establishes a fair value by assigning weights to the various valuation sources.other credit enhancements. Additionally, when determining the fair value of liabilities in circumstances in which a quoted price in an active market for an identical liability is not available, the Company measureswe measure fair value using (i) a valuation technique that uses the quoted price of the identical liability when traded as an asset or quoted prices for similar liabilities or similar liabilities when traded as assets or (ii) another valuation technique that is consistent with the principles of fair value measurement, such as the income approach or the market approach.Changes in assumptions or estimation methodologies can We classify these inputs as Level 3 inputs.
Related party transactions: We have a material effect on theseconcluded that it is not practical to determine the estimated fair values. In this regard, the derivedvalue of related party transactions. Disclosure rules for fair value estimates cannotmeasurements require that for financial instruments for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, information pertinent to those instruments be substantiateddisclosed. Further information as to these financial instruments with related parties is included in Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Real Estate
Real Estate Acquisition Valuation
We record acquisitions that meet the definition of a business as a business combination. If the acquisition does not meet the definition of a business, we record the acquisition as an asset acquisition. Under both methods, all assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured based on their acquisition-date fair values. Transaction costs that are related to a business combination are charged to expense as incurred. Transaction costs that are related to an asset acquisition are capitalized as incurred.
We assess the acquisition date fair values of all tangible assets, identifiable intangibles, and assumed liabilities using methods similar to those used by
comparison to independent
marketsappraisers, generally utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis that applies appropriate discount and/or capitalization rates and
in many cases, may not be realized inavailable market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors, including historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions. The fair value of tangible assets of an
immediate settlementacquired property considers the value of the
instrument.The Company considersproperty as if it were vacant.
We record above-market and below-market in-place lease values for acquired properties based on the following factorspresent value (using a discount rate that reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be indicatorspaid pursuant to the in-place leases and (ii) management’s estimate of an inactive market: (i) there are few recent transactions, (ii) price quotations are not based onfair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of above-market in-place leases plus any extended term for any leases with below-market renewal options. We amortize any recorded above-market or below-market lease values as a reduction or increase, respectively, to rental income over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective lease, including any below-market renewal periods.
We estimate the value of tenant origination and absorption costs by considering the estimated carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods, considering current information, (iii) price quotations vary substantially eithermarket conditions. In estimating carrying costs, we include real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease up periods.
We amortize the value of tenant origination and absorption costs to depreciation and amortization expense over time or among market makers (for example, some brokered markets), (iv) indexes that previously were highly correlated withthe remaining non-cancelable term of the respective lease.
Estimates of the fair values of the tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities require us to make significant assumptions to estimate market lease rates, property-operating expenses, carrying costs during lease-up periods, discount rates, market absorption periods, and the number of years the property will be held for investment. The use of inappropriate assumptions would result in an incorrect valuation of our acquired tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities, which would impact the amount of our net income (loss).
Depreciation and Amortization
Real estate costs related to the acquisition and improvement of properties are capitalized and depreciated or amortized over the expected useful life of the asset or liabilityon a straight-line basis. Repair and maintenance costs include all costs that do not extend the useful life of the real estate asset and are demonstrably uncorrelated with recent indicationsexpensed as incurred. Significant replacements and betterments are capitalized. We anticipate the estimated useful lives of our assets by class to be generally as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| . | Buildings | 10-48 years |
| . | Site improvements | Shorter of 15 years or remaining lease term |
| . | Tenant improvements | Shorter of 15 years or remaining lease term |
| . | Tenant origination and absorption costs, and above-/below-market lease intangibles | Remaining lease term |
Impairment of Real Estate and Related Intangible Assets
We regularly monitor events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of real estate and related intangible assets may not be recoverable. When indicators of potential impairment are present that indicate that the carrying amounts of real estate and related intangible assets may not be recoverable, management assesses whether the carrying value of the assets will be recovered through the future undiscounted operating cash flows expected from the use of and eventual disposition of the property. If, based on the analysis, we do not believe that we will be able to recover the carrying value of the asset, we will record an impairment charge to the extent the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset.
Real Estate Investments Held for Sale
We consider a real estate investment to be “held for sale” when the following criteria are met: (i) management commits to a plan to sell the property, (ii) the property is available for sale immediately, (iii) the property is actively being marketed for sale at a price that asset or liability,is reasonable in relation to its current fair value, (iv) the sale of the property within one year is considered probable and (v) theresignificant changes to the plan to sell are not expected. Real estate that is a significant increaseheld for sale and its related assets are classified as “real estate investment held for sale, net” and “assets related to real estate investment held for sale,” respectively, in implied liquidity risk premiums, yields, or performance indicators (such as delinquency rates or loss severities) for observed transactions or quoted prices when compared with the Company’s estimate of expected cash flows, considering all available market data about creditaccompanying consolidated balance sheets. Mortgage notes payable and other nonperformance riskliabilities related to real estate investments held for the asset or liability, (vi) there is a wide bid-ask spread or significant increasesale are classified as “mortgage notes payable related to real estate investments held for sale, net” and “liabilities related to real estate investments held for sale,” respectively, in the bid-ask spread, (vii) there is a significant declineaccompanying consolidated balance sheets. Real estate investments classified as held for sale are no longer depreciated and are reported at the lower of their carrying value or absencetheir estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell. Operating results of properties that were classified as held for sale in the ordinary course of business are included in continuing operations in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
We record goodwill when the purchase price of a marketbusiness combination exceeds the estimated fair value of net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired. We evaluate goodwill and other intangible assets for new issuances (that is, a primary market) for the asset or liability or similar assets or liabilities, and (viii) little information is released publicly (for example, a principal-to-principal market).The Company considers the following factors to be indicators of non-orderly transactions: (i) there was not adequate exposure to the market for a period before the measurement date to allow for marketing activities that are usual and customary for transactions involving such assets or liabilities under current market conditions, (ii) there was a usual and customary marketing period, but the seller marketed the asset or liability to a single market participant, (iii) the seller is in or near bankruptcy or receivership (that is, distressed), or the seller was required to sell to meet regulatory or legal requirements (that is, forced), and (iv) the transaction price is an outlier when compared with other recent transactions for the same or similar assets or liabilities.
Income Taxes
The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and intends to operate as such beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2016. The Company expects to have little or no taxable income prior to electing REIT status. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of the Company’s annual REIT taxable income to its stockholders (which is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculatedpossible impairment in accordance with GAAP). AsASC 350, I
ntangibles–Goodwill and Other, on an annual basis, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the fair value of a REIT,reporting unit has more likely than not declined below its carrying value. If the Company generallycarrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge is recognized. When testing goodwill for impairment, we may first assess qualitative factors. The qualitative testing analyzes current economic indicators associated with a reporting unit. If an initial qualitative assessment indicates a stable or improved fair value, no further testing is required. If an initial qualitative assessment identifies that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, additional quantitative testing is performed. We may also elect to skip the qualitative testing and proceed directly to the quantitative testing. If the quantitative testing indicates that goodwill is impaired, an impairment charge is recognized based on the difference between the reporting unit's carrying value and its fair value. We primarily will utilize a discounted cash flow methodology to calculate the fair value of reporting units.
In assessing goodwill impairment, we have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Our qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill considers various macro-economic, industry-specific and company-specific factors. These factors include: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant company-specific actions, including exiting an activity in conjunction with restructuring of operations; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of our financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in our market capitalization below its net book value. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, we determine it is unlikely that the fair value of such reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative analysis is unnecessary.
However, if we concluded otherwise, or if we elect to bypass the qualitative analysis, then it is required that we perform a quantitative analysis that compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired; otherwise, a goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the lesser of: (a) the amount that the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value; or (b) the amount of the goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
Intangible assets consist of purchased customer-related intangible assets, marketing related intangible assets, developed technology and other intangible assets. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method ranging from three to five years. No significant residual value is estimated for intangible assets. An asset is considered impaired if its carrying amount exceeds the future net cash flow the asset is expected to generate. We evaluate long-lived assets (including intangible assets) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be
subject to federal income tax to the extent it distributes qualifying dividends to its stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially and adversely affect the Company’s net income and net cash available for distribution to stockholders. However, the Company intends to organize and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT.recoverable.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 of the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31,
2017,2020, we had no
material off-balance sheet arrangements that had or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.
| ITEM 7A. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable as the Company is a
Smaller Reporting Company.smaller reporting company. | ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA |
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
See theIndex to Consolidated Financial Statements at page F-1 of this Annual Report.Report on Form 10-K. | ITEM 9. | CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE |
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
| ITEM 9A. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to us, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In accordance with Ruledesigning and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, we recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as ours are designed to do, and we necessarily were required to apply our judgment in evaluating whether the benefits of the controls and procedures that we adopt outweigh their costs.
As required by Rules 13a-15(b) and
Rule 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act,
our management,an evaluation as of December 31, 2020 was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of our
management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
RuleRules 13a-15(e)
ofand 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act)
as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.. Based on
suchthis evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
have concluded
as of the end of such period, that our disclosure controls and procedures,
are effective.as of December 31, 2020, were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Under Rule 13a-15(c), management must evaluate, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness, as of the end of each
calendarfiscal year, of our internal control over financial reporting. The term internal control over financial reporting is defined as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the issuer’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the issuer’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principlesGAAP and includes those policies and procedure that:
| 1) | Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the issuer; |
| 2) | Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the issuer are being made only in accordance with the authorization of management and trust managers of the issuer; and |
| 3) | Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisitions, use or disposition of the issuer’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. |
1) Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the issuer;
2) Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the issuer are being made only in accordance with the authorization of management and trust managers of the issuer; and
3) Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisitions, use or disposition of the issuer’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions of that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In the course of preparing this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the consolidated financial statements included herein, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 20172020 using the criteria issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commissions (COSO) in theInternal Control-Integrated Framework (2013). Based on that evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2017.2020.
This Annual Report on Form 10-K does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm as we are an emerging growth company as of December 31,
2017,2020, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS
Act.Act, and such report is not required for emerging growth companies.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
During the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2017, we completed the execution of our remediation plan, as further described below. In connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d), we identified the execution of this remediation plan as having materially affected, or being reasonably likely to materially affect,
Other than our internal
control over financial reporting. Other thancontrols instituted related to the
executionoutsourcing of
the remediation plan,certain accounting functions and employees working remotely, there
arewere no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting
identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Remediation
Limitations on Effectiveness of
Material WeaknessesWe, with the concurrenceControls and oversight of the audit committee of our board of directors, executed our remediation plan described in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 14, 2017 during the quarter ended December 31, 2017, as part of the remediation plan, management:
| · | Completed our reviewProceduresOur disclosure controls and procedures and documentation of the financial close and related processes; and |
| · | Tested the design and implementation of key controls related to the financial close and related processes. |
We verified that the aforementioned controls were appropriately designed and implemented as of December 31, 2017. We will continue to monitor and test, as applicable, the ongoing operating effectiveness of its new and enhanced controls.
Our internal controls over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. We recognize that any control system, no matter how well designed and operated, is based upon certain judgementsjudgments and assumptions and cannot provide absolute assurances that its objectives will be met. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs. Similarly, an evaluation of controls cannot provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected.
| ITEM 9B. | OTHER INFORMATION |
Not applicable.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
On March 29, 2021, we entered into the New Credit Facility with Banc of California for an aggregate line of credit of $22,000,000 with a maturity date of March 30, 2023, which replaced our Unsecured Credit Facility. We borrowed $6,000,000 under the New Credit Facility and repaid the $6,000,000 that was owed to PMB on March 31, 2021. The New Credit Facility provides us with a $17,000,000 revolving line of credit for real estate acquisitions (including the $6,000,000 borrowed to repay PMB) and an additional $5,000,000 revolving line of credit for working capital. Under the terms of the New Credit Facility, we will pay a variable rate of interest on outstanding amounts equal to one percentage point over the prime rate published in The Wall Street Journal, provided that the interest rate in effect on any one day shall not be less than 4.75% per annum. We paid Banc of California origination fees of $77,000 in connection with the New Credit Facility and will pay an unused commitment fee of 0.15% per annum of the unused portion of the New Credit Facility, charged quarterly in arrears based on the average unused commitment available under the New Credit Facility. The New Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of our tangible and intangible assets, including intellectual property. The New Credit Facility requires us to maintain a minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.25 to 1.00 and minimum tangible NAV (as defined in the loan agreement) of $120,000,000, measured quarterly. Mr. Wirta, our Chairman, has guaranteed our $6,000,000 initial borrowing, which guarantee will expire upon repayment of the $6,000,000 which is due by September 30, 2021. Mr. Wirta has also guaranteed our $5,000,000 revolving line of credit for working capital. On March 29, 2021, we entered into an updated indemnification agreement with Mr. Wirta and the Wirta Trust with respect to their guarantees of borrowings under the New Credit Facility.
The New Credit Facility contains customary representations, warranties and covenants, which are substantially similar to those in our Unsecured Credit Facility. Our ability to borrow under the New Credit Facility will be subject to our ongoing compliance with various affirmative and negative covenants, including with respect to indebtedness, guaranties, mergers and asset sales, liens, corporate existence and financial reporting obligations. The New Credit Facility also contains customary events of default, including, without limitation, nonpayment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts when due, violation of covenants, breaches of representations or warranties and change of ownership. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, Banc of California may accelerate the repayment of amounts outstanding under the New Credit Facility, take possession of any collateral securing the New Credit Facility and exercise other remedies subject, in certain instances, to the expiration of an applicable cure period.
| ITEM 10. | DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE |
Except as provided below, the
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required by this item
will be included in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K oris incorporated
herein by reference
fromto our
Proxy Statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholdersdefinitive proxy statement to be filed
with the SEC within 120 days
after the end of
the year ended December 31,
2017.Code2020 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2021 annual meeting of Business Conduct and Ethics
On March 10, 2017, our board of directors approved and adopted our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code”) which was filed as an Exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. The Code is also posted in the NNN REIT Corporate Governance section of our website at www.richuncles.com. To the extent required by SEC rules, we intend to promptly disclose future amendments to certain provisions of the Code, or waivers of such provisions granted to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, in the Corporate Governance section of our website.
stockholders. | ITEM 11. | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION |
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this item
will be included in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K oris incorporated
herein by reference
fromto our
Proxy Statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholdersdefinitive proxy statement to be filed
with the SEC within 120 days
after the end of
the year ended December 31,
2017.2020 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2021 annual meeting of stockholders. | ITEM 12. | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS |
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this item
will be included in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K oris incorporated
herein by reference
fromto our
Proxy Statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholdersdefinitive proxy statement to be filed
with the SEC within 120 days
after the end of
the year ended December 31,
2017. | ITEM 13. | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE |
2020 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2021 annual meeting of stockholders.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this item
will be included in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K oris incorporated
herein by reference
fromto our
Proxy Statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholdersdefinitive proxy statement to be filed
with the SEC within 120 days
after the end of
the year ended December 31,
2017. | ITEM 14. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES |
2020 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2021 annual meeting of stockholders.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this item
will be included in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K oris incorporated
herein by reference
fromto our
Proxy Statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholdersdefinitive proxy statement to be filed
with the SEC within 120 days
after the end of
the year ended December 31,
2017.2020 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2021 annual meeting of stockholders.
| ITEM 15. | EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES |
| (a) | Financial Statement Schedules |
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)(1) Financial Statements:
See theIndex to Consolidated Financial Statements at page F-1 of this Annual Report.Report on Form 10-K.
(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedule:
The following financial statement schedule is included herein at pages
F-29F-48 through
F-30F-50 of this Annual
Report:Report on Form 10-K: Schedule III - Real Estate Assets and Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization.
(a)(3) Exhibits:
The exhibits listed in this section are included, or incorporated by reference, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(b) Exhibits:
See (a)(3) above.
(c) Financial Statements Schedule:
See (a)(2) above.
EXHIBITS LIST
EXHIBITS LIST
Exhibit | | Description | |
2.1Exhibit | Description |
| 2.1 | |
| 2.2 | |
| 3.1 | |
| 3.2 | |
| 3.3 | |
| 3.4 | |
| 4.1 | |
| 4.2 | |
| 4.3 | |
| 4.4 | |
| | | | | |
| 4.5 | |
| 4.6 | |
| 10.1 | |
| 10.2 | |
| 10.3 | |
2.210.4 | | |
3.110.5 | | Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Articles of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 8 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 23, 2016) |
3.2 | | Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc. to increase the authorized number of shares of our stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-55776) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2017) |
3.3 | | Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc. to change the name and designation of our stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-55776) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2017) |
3.4 | | Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc. to change our name to RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-55776) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2017) |
3.5 | | Articles Supplementary of RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc. reclassifying 100,000,000 unissued shares of Class C common stock as Class S common stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-55776) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2017) |
3.6 | | Certificate of Notice, dated August 11, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to our Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55776), filed August 17, 2017) |
3.7 | | Bylaws of RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 15, 2015) |
4.1 | | Form of Subscription Agreement for Class C Shares (Direct Investors) (incorporated by reference to Appendix A-1 to our Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11/A (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 21, 2018) |
4.2 | | Form of Subscription Agreement for Class C Shares (Registered Investment Advisors) (incorporated by reference to Appendix A-2 to our Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11/A (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 21, 2018) |
4.3 | | Distribution Reinvestment Plan (Class C common stock) (incorporated by reference to Appendix C to our Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11/A (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 21, 2018) |
4.4 | | Share Repurchase Program (Class C common stock) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to our Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11/A (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 20, 2018) |
4.5 | | Dividend Reinvestment Plan (Class S common stock) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55776) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 17, 2017) |
4.6 | | Share Repurchase Program (Class S common stock) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55776) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 17, 2017) |
10.1 | | Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement between RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc., Rich Uncles NNN REIT Operator, LLC and Rich Uncles, LLC, effective August 11, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11/A (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 20, 2018) |
10.2 | | Director and Officer Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Amendment No. 1 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 16, 2017) |
10.3
| | Non-Solicitation Agreement between RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc., Rich Uncles, LLC and Rich Uncles NNN REIT Operator, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 3, 2017) |
10.4 | | Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 3, 2017) |
10.5 | | Commercial Earnest Money Contract (Real Estate Purchase Agreement) for Texas Harley-Davidson property, dated February 9, 2017 between Rich Uncles NNN Operating Partnership, LP and ANS Real Estate Ltd (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Amendment No. 1 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-205684) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 16, 2017) |
10.6 | | Business Loan Agreement, dated as of February 1, 2018 and executed on February 28, 2018, by and between RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc., Rich Uncles NNN Operating Partnership, L.P., Rich Uncles NNN LP, LLC and Pacific Mercantile Bank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55776) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 5, 2018) |
10.710.6.1 | |
| 10.6.2 | |
| 10.7 | |
| 10.8 | | |
| 10.9 | Loan and Security Agreement dated December 19, 2019 between Pacific Mercantile Bank and the RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc., Rich Uncles NNN LP, LLC, Rich Uncles NNN Operating Partnership, LP, Katana Merger Sub, LP, BrixInvest, LLC and Modiv, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55776) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 23, 2019) |
| 10.10 | First Amendment to Loan Agreement dated March 13, 2020 between Pacific Mercantile Bank and RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc., RW Holdings NNN REIT Operating Partnership, LP, Rich Uncles NNN LP, LLC, Katana Merger Sub, LP, and Modiv, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55776) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 2, 2017)17, 2020) |
10.910.11 | | PurchaseThird Amendment to Loan Agreement dated August 13, 2020 between Pacific Mercantile Bank and sale agreementRW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc., Rich Uncles NNN LP, LLC, RW Holdings NNN REIT Operating Partnership, LP, BrixInvest, LLC, Katana Merger Sub, LP, and addendum for Melbourne, Florida property acquisitionModiv, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.210.1 to our CurrentQuarterly Report on Form 8-K10-Q (File No. 333-205684)000-55776) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 2, 2017)August 14, 2020) |
10.1010.12* | | |
10.11 | | Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Rich Uncles NNNModiv Operating Partnership, LP and modiv, LLC |
| 10.13 | |
| | | | | |
21.110.14 | | |
31.110.15* | |
| 10.16* | |
| 10.17 | |
| 16.1 | |
| 21.1* | |
| 23.1* | |
| 31.1* | |
31.231.2* | | |
32.132.1** | | |
101.INS101.INS* | | XBRL INSTANCE DOCUMENT |
101.SCH101.SCH* | | XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA DOCUMENT |
101.CAL101.CAL* | | XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION CALCULATION LINKBASE |
101.DEF101.DEF* | | XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION DEFINITION LINKBASE |
101.LAB101.LAB* | | XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABELS LINKBASE |
101.PRE101.PRE* | | XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE |
| 104* | COVER PAGE INTERACTIVE DATA FILE (FORMATTED AS INLINE XBRL AND CONTAINED IN EXHIBIT 101) |
** Furnished herewith.
In accordance with Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, this Exhibit is not deemed “filed” forpurposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section. Such certifications
will not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by
reference.
| ITEM 16. | ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY |
None.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| | | | | |
| Consolidated Financial Statements | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Financial Statement Schedule | |
| |
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is
shownpresented in the
consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
ReportTable of Independent Registered Public Accounting FirmContents
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of
RW Holdings NNN REIT,
Opinion on the
Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
RW Holdings NNN REIT,Modiv Inc.
and subsidiaries (the
Company)“Company”) as of December 31,
20172020 and
2016,2019, the related consolidated statements of operations,
stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes
to the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule listed in the
Indexindex at Item
15(a)15 (a), Schedule III
-– Real Estate Assets and Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization (collectively,
referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company
atas of December 31,
20172020 and
2016,2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with
U.S.accounting principles generally accepted
accounting principles.Adoptionin the United States of ASU No. 2017-01
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method for determining whether acquisitions of real estate properties constitute a business combination effective October 1, 2016 as a result of the early adoption of the amendments to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification resulting from Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business”.
America.
These
consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the
Company'sCompany’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States)
(PCAOB)(“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with
the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the
Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the
consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the
consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the
consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP | | | | | |
| /s/ BAKER TILLY US, LLP | |
| |
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2016.2018. | |
| |
| Irvine, California | |
April 3, 2018
March 31, 2021 | |
RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc.
MODIV INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
| | | December 31, | |
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| | | | | | | |
| ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
| Real estate investments: | | | | | | | | |
| Land | | $ | 21,878,768 | | | $ | 5,369,238 | |
| Building and improvements | | | 108,590,813 | | | | 24,243,072 | |
| Tenant origination and absorption costs | | | 8,340,774 | | | | 3,632,731 | |
| Total investments in real estate property | | | 138,810,355 | | | | 33,245,041 | |
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | (3,574,739 | ) | | | (493,185 | ) |
| Total investments in real estate property, net | | | 135,235,616 | | | | 32,751,856 | |
| Investments in unconsolidated entities (Note 5) | | | 14,524,022 | | | | 3,523,809 | |
| Real estate investments, net | | | 149,759,638 | | | | 36,275,665 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | | 3,238,173 | | | | 3,431,769 | |
| Restricted cash | | | 944,582 | | | | 245,604 | |
| Tenant receivables | | | 1,263,095 | | | | 114,320 | |
| Above-market leases, net | | | 681,293 | | | | 148,577 | |
| Due from affiliates (Note 9) | | | 34,194 | | | | 108,433 | |
| Purchase and other deposits | | | 40,000 | | | | 500,000 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | | | 1,104,573 | | | | 478,192 | |
| Interest rate swap derivatives | | | 7,899 | | | | - | |
| TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 157,073,447 | | | $ | 41,302,560 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| LIABILITIES & STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
| Mortgage notes payable, net | | $ | 60,487,303 | | | $ | 7,113,701 | |
| Unsecured credit facility, net | | | 12,000,000 | | | | 10,156,685 | |
| Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities | | | 2,411,484 | | | | 470,236 | |
| Below-market leases, net | | | 1,584,229 | | | | 150,767 | |
| Due to affiliates (Note 9) | | | 907,377 | | | | 383,422 | |
| Investor deposits | | | - | | | | 582,516 | |
| Share repurchases payable | | | 386,839 | | | | 17,467 | |
| TOTAL LIABILITIES | | | 77,777,232 | | | | 18,874,794 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 10) | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Redeemable common stock | | | 46,349 | | | | 196,660 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding | | | - | | | | - | |
| Class C common stock $0.001 par value, 300,000,000 and 200,000,000 shares authorized, 8,838,002 and 2,458,881 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively | | | 8,838 | | | | 2,458 | |
| Class S common stock $0.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 3,032 and 0 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively | | | 3 | | | | - | |
| Additional paid-in-capital | | | 85,324,921 | | | | 23,643,435 | |
| Cumulative distributions and net losses | | | (6,083,896 | ) | | | (1,414,787 | ) |
| TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | | | 79,249,866 | | | | 22,231,106 | |
| TOTAL LIABILITIES & STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | | $ | 157,073,447 | | | $ | 41,302,560 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of December 31, |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Assets | | | |
| Real estate investments: | | | |
| Land | $ | 65,358,321 | | | $ | 86,775,988 | |
| Building and improvements | 272,397,472 | | | 309,904,890 | |
| Tenant origination and absorption costs | 23,792,057 | | | 27,266,610 | |
| Total investments in real estate property | 361,547,850 | | | 423,947,488 | |
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (32,091,211) | | | (20,411,794) | |
| Total investments in real estate property, net (Note 4) | 329,456,639 | | | 403,535,694 | |
| Investment in unconsolidated entity (Note 5) | 10,002,368 | | | 10,388,588 | |
| Total real estate investments, net | 339,459,007 | | | 413,924,282 | |
| Real estate investments held for sale, net (Note 4) | 24,585,739 | | | 0 | |
| Total real estate investments | 364,044,746 | | | 413,924,282 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 8,248,412 | | | 6,823,568 | |
| Restricted cash | 129,118 | | | 113,362 | |
| Receivable from sale of real estate property | 1,824,383 | | | 0 | |
| Tenant receivables | 6,665,790 | | | 6,224,764 | |
| Above-market lease intangibles, net | 820,842 | | | 1,251,734 | |
| Due from affiliates (Note 9) | 0 | | | 2,332 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | 2,171,717 | | | 1,867,777 | |
| Interest rate swap derivatives | 0 | | | 34,567 | |
| Assets related to real estate investments held for sale | 1,079,361 | | | 0 | |
| Operating lease right-of-use asset | 0 | | | 2,386,877 | |
| Goodwill, net | 17,320,857 | | | 50,588,000 | |
| Intangible assets, net | 5,127,788 | | | 7,700,000 | |
| Total assets | $ | 407,433,014 | | | $ | 490,917,263 | |
| Liabilities and Equity | | | |
| Mortgage notes payable, net | $ | 175,925,918 | | | $ | 194,039,207 | |
| Mortgage notes payable related to real estate investments held for sale, net | 9,088,438 | | | 0 | |
| Total mortgage notes payable, net | 185,014,356 | | | 194,039,207 | |
| Unsecured credit facility, net | 5,978,276 | | | 7,649,861 | |
| Short-term notes payable | 0 | | | 4,800,000 | |
| Economic relief note payable | 517,000 | | | 0 | |
| Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities | 7,579,624 | | | 11,555,161 | |
| Share repurchases payable | 2,980,559 | | | 0 | |
| Below-market lease intangibles, net | 12,565,737 | | | 14,591,359 | |
| Due to affiliates (Note 9) | 0 | | | 630,820 | |
| Interest rate swap derivatives | 1,743,889 | | | 1,021,724 | |
| Liabilities related to real estate investments held for sale | 801,337 | | | 0 | |
| Operating lease liability | 0 | | | 2,386,877 | |
| Total liabilities | 217,180,778 | | | 236,675,009 | |
| | | |
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 10) | 0 | | 0 |
| | | |
| Redeemable common stock | 7,365,568 | | | 14,069,692 | |
| | | |
| Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding | 0 | | | 0 | |
| Class C common stock $0.001 par value, 300,000,000 shares authorized, 7,874,541 and 7,882,489 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively | 23,623 | | | 23,647 | |
| Class S common stock $0.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 62,860 and 62,202 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively | 189 | | | 187 | |
| Additional paid-in-capital | 224,272,542 | | | 220,714,676 | |
| Cumulative distributions and net losses | (92,012,686) | | | (31,168,948) | |
| Total Modiv Inc. equity | 132,283,668 | | | 189,569,562 | |
| Noncontrolling interest in the Operating Partnership | 50,603,000 | | | 50,603,000 | |
| Total equity | 182,886,668 | | | 240,172,562 | |
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 407,433,014 | | | $ | 490,917,263 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
MODIV INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Years Ended December 31, |
| 2020 | | 2019 |
| Rental income | $ | 38,903,430 | | | $ | 24,544,958 | |
| | | |
| Expenses: | | | |
| Fees to affiliates (Note 9) | 0 | | | 3,305,021 | |
| General and administrative | 10,399,194 | | | 2,711,573 | |
| Self-management transaction expense (Note 3) | 201,920 | | | 1,468,913 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 17,592,253 | | | 9,848,130 | |
| Interest expense (Note 7) | 11,460,747 | | | 7,382,610 | |
| Property expenses | 6,999,178 | | | 4,877,658 | |
| Impairment of real estate investment properties | 10,267,625 | | | 0 | |
| Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets (Note 3) | 34,572,403 | | | 0 | |
| Total expenses | 91,493,320 | | | 29,593,905 | |
| Less: Expenses reimbursed by Former Sponsor or affiliates (Note 9) | 0 | | | (332,337) | |
| Net expenses | 91,493,320 | | | 29,261,568 | |
| | | |
| Other operating income: | | | |
| Gain on real estate investments, net | 4,139,749 | | | 0 | |
| Real estate operating loss | (48,450,141) | | | (4,716,610) | |
| | | |
| Other (expense) income: | | | |
| Lease termination expense (Note10) | (1,039,648) | | | 0 | |
| Interest income | 4,923 | | | 66,570 | |
| Income from investments in unconsolidated entities (Note 5) | 296,780 | | | 234,048 | |
| Other, net | 46,176 | | | 0 | |
| Other (expense) income, net | (691,769) | | | 300,618 | |
| | | |
| Net loss | $ | (49,141,910) | | | $ | (4,415,992) | |
| | | |
| Net loss per common share, basic and diluted (Note 2) | $ | (6.14) | | | $ | (0.88) | |
| | | |
| Weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding, basic and diluted | 8,006,276 | | | 5,012,158 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
MODIV INC.
Consolidated Statements of Equity
For the Years Ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Common Stock | | Additional
Paid-in
Capital | | Cumulative
Distributions
and Net
Losses | | Total
Modiv Inc.
Equity | | Noncontrolling Interest in the Operating Partnership | | Total
Equity |
| Class C | | Class S | | | | | |
| Shares | | Amounts | | Shares | | Amounts | | | | | |
| Balance, December 31, 2018 | 4,314,431 | | | $ | 12,943 | | | 5,865 | | | $ | 18 | | | $ | 119,247,245 | | | $ | (16,167,437) | | | $ | 103,092,769 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 103,092,769 | |
| Issuance of common stock in offerings | 1,286,660 | | | 3,860 | | | 56,337 | | | 169 | | | 40,904,344 | | | — | | | 40,908,373 | | | — | | | 40,908,373 | |
| Issuance of common stock in merger (Note 3) | 2,680,741 | | | 8,042 | | | — | | | — | | | 81,700,929 | | | — | | | 81,708,971 | | | — | | | 81,708,971 | |
| Contribution of equity in self-management transaction (Note 3) | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 50,603,000 | | | 50,603,000 | |
| Stock issued as compensation expense | 10,335 | | | 31 | | | — | | | — | | | 314,969 | | | — | | | 315,000 | | | — | | | 315,000 | |
| Offering costs | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (1,716,672) | | | — | | | (1,716,672) | | | — | | | (1,716,672) | |
| Reclassification to redeemable common stock | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (7,484,065) | | | — | | | (7,484,065) | | | — | | | (7,484,065) | |
| Shares eliminated in self-management transaction (Note 3) | (3,580) | | | (10) | | | — | | | — | | | (107,390) | | | — | | | (107,400) | | | — | | | (107,400) | |
| Repurchases of common stock | (406,098) | | | (1,219) | | | — | | | — | | | (12,144,684) | | | — | | | (12,145,903) | | | — | | | (12,145,903) | |
| Distributions declared | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (10,585,519) | | | (10,585,519) | | | — | | | (10,585,519) | |
| Net loss | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (4,415,992) | | | (4,415,992) | | | — | | | (4,415,992) | |
| Balance, December 31, 2019 | 7,882,489 | | | 23,647 | | | 62,202 | | | 187 | | | 220,714,676 | | | (31,168,948) | | | 189,569,562 | | | 50,603,000 | | | 240,172,562 | |
| Issuance of common stock in offerings | 665,285 | | | 1,996 | | | 1,509 | | | 5 | | | 17,865,389 | | | — | | | 17,867,390 | | | — | | | 17,867,390 | |
| Stock issued as compensation expense | 16,786 | | | 50 | | | — | | | — | | | 393,283 | | | — | | | 393,333 | | | — | | | 393,333 | |
| Class P OP Units compensation | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 355,134 | | | — | | | 355,134 | | | — | | | 355,134 | |
| Offering costs | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (1,205,317) | | | — | | | (1,205,317) | | | — | | | (1,205,317) | |
| Reclassification to redeemable common stock | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,723,565 | | | — | | | 3,723,565 | | | — | | | 3,723,565 | |
| Repurchases of common stock | (690,018) | | | (2,070) | | | (851) | | | (3) | | | (17,574,188) | | | — | | | (17,576,261) | | | — | | | (17,576,261) | |
| Distributions declared | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (11,701,828) | | | (11,701,828) | | | — | | | (11,701,828) | |
| Net loss | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (49,141,910) | | | (49,141,910) | | | — | | | (49,141,910) | |
| Balance, December 31, 2020 | 7,874,541 | | | $ | 23,623 | | | 62,860 | | | $ | 189 | | | $ | 224,272,542 | | | $ | (92,012,686) | | | $ | 132,283,668 | | | $ | 50,603,000 | | | $ | 182,886,668 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
MODIV INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Years Ended December 31, |
| 2020 | | 2019 |
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | | | |
| Net loss | $ | (49,141,910) | | | $ | (4,415,992) | |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 17,592,253 | | | 9,848,130 | |
| Stock issued as compensation expense | 712,217 | | | 372,500 | |
| Deferred rents | (1,591,012) | | | (1,309,272) | |
| Amortization of deferred lease incentives | 61,204 | | | 61,203 | |
| Amortization of deferred financing costs and premiums | 1,025,093 | | | 638,200 | |
| Amortization of above-market lease intangibles | 169,857 | | | 97,045 | |
| Amortization of below-market lease intangibles | (1,541,313) | | | (646,745) | |
| Impairment of real estate investment properties | 10,267,625 | | | 0 | |
| Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets | 34,572,403 | | | 0 | |
| Gain on sale of real estate investments, net | (4,139,749) | | | 0 | |
| Unrealized loss on interest rate swap valuation | 770,898 | | | 820,496 | |
| Income from investments in unconsolidated entities | (296,780) | | | (234,048) | |
| Distributions from investments in unconsolidated entities | 683,000 | | | 1,029,786 | |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | |
| Decrease (increase) in tenant receivables | 122,292 | | | (946,209) | |
| Increase in prepaid expenses and other assets | (357,458) | | | (1,374,345) | |
| (Decrease) increase in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities | (2,703,292) | | | 1,770,491 | |
| Decrease in due to affiliates | (628,488) | | | (962,336) | |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 5,576,840 | | | 4,748,904 | |
| Cash Flows from Investing Activities: | | | |
| Acquisition of real estate investments | 0 | | | (24,820,410) | |
| Additions to intangible assets | (566,102) | | | 0 | |
| Net proceeds from sale of real estate investments | 27,008,028 | | | 0 | |
| Improvements to existing real estate investments | (673,631) | | | (1,665,180) | |
| Payment of tenant improvements | 0 | | | (3,486,927) | |
| Payments of acquisition fees to affiliate | 0 | | | (746,459) | |
| Cash acquired from acquisitions of affiliates | 0 | | | 1,016,507 | |
| Payments of lease incentives | (990,000) | | | 0 | |
| Collection of refundable purchase deposit | 0 | | | 100,000 | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 24,778,295 | | | (29,602,469) | |
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | | | |
| Borrowings from unsecured credit facility | 4,260,000 | | | 12,609,000 | |
| Repayments of unsecured credit facility | (6,000,000) | | | (13,869,000) | |
| Proceeds from mortgage notes payable | 35,705,500 | | | 23,100,000 | |
| Principal payments on mortgage notes payable | (45,299,688) | | | (14,879,217) | |
| Proceeds from economic relief note payable | 517,000 | | | 0 | |
| Principal payments on short-term notes payable | (4,800,000) | | | 0 | |
| Payments of deferred financing costs to third parties | (387,341) | | | (495,148) | |
| Refundable loan deposit | (18,804) | | | 0 | |
| Payments of financing fees to affiliates | 0 | | | (107,500) | |
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock and investor deposits | 10,908,856 | | | 34,555,691 | |
| | | |
| For the Years Ended December 31, |
| 2020 | | 2019 |
| Payment of offering costs | $ | (1,205,317) | | | $ | (1,716,672) | |
| Liabilities for selling commissions on Class S common stock | 736 | | | 1,302 | |
| Repurchases of common stock | (17,576,261) | | | (12,145,903) | |
| Distributions paid to common stockholders | (5,019,216) | | | (4,017,986) | |
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (28,914,535) | | | 23,034,567 | |
| | | |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 1,440,600 | | | (1,818,998) | |
| | | |
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year | 6,936,930 | | | 8,755,928 | |
| | | |
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of year | $ | 8,377,530 | | | $ | 6,936,930 | |
| | | |
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | | | |
| Cash paid for interest | $ | 6,692,697 | | | $ | 5,862,393 | |
| | | |
| Supplemental disclosure of noncash flow information: | | | |
| Reclassifications to redeemable common stock | $ | 3,723,565 | | | $ | 7,484,065 | |
| Reinvested distributions from common stockholders | $ | 6,958,534 | | | $ | 6,352,682 | |
| Increase (decrease) in share repurchases payable | $ | 2,980,559 | | | $ | (584,676) | |
| Increase in accrued distributions | $ | 275,922 | | | $ | 214,851 | |
| Unpaid portion of capitalized costs related to acquisitions of affiliates | $ | 0 | | | $ | 1,570,622 | |
| Supplemental disclosure of real estate investment held for sale: | | | |
| Real estate investments held for sale, net | $ | (25,217,972) | | | $ | 0 | |
| Assets related to real estate investments held for sale, net | $ | (1,079,361) | | | $ | 0 | |
| Decrease in above-market lease intangibles, net | $ | (50,549) | | | $ | 0 | |
| Mortgage notes payable related to real estate investments held for sale, net | $ | 9,088,438 | | | $ | 0 | |
| Liabilities related to real estate investments held for sale, net | $ | 801,337 | | | $ | 0 | |
| Decrease in below-market lease intangibles, net | $ | 325,734 | | | $ | 0 | |
| Decrease in interest swap derivatives | $ | 14,166 | | | $ | 0 | |
| Supplemental disclosure of noncash flow information in REIT I merger transaction (Note 3): | | | |
| Real estate properties acquired | $ | 0 | | | $ | (148,054,617) | |
| Mortgage debt assumed | $ | 0 | | | $ | 62,985,425 | |
| Net liabilities assumed | $ | 0 | | | $ | 268,732 | |
| Cancellation of investment in REIT I | $ | 0 | | | $ | 3,091,489 | |
| Class C common stock issued | $ | 0 | | | $ | 81,708,971 | |
| Supplemental disclosure of noncash flow information in self-management transaction (Note 3): | | | |
| Goodwill in self-management transaction | $ | 0 | | | $ | (50,588,000) | |
| Intangible assets acquired | $ | 0 | | | $ | (7,700,000) | |
| Operating lease right-of-use asset acquired / operating lease liability assumed | $ | (2,386,877) | | | $ | 2,386,877 | |
| Notes payable and short-term credit facility assumed | $ | 0 | | | $ | 6,230,820 | |
| Net liabilities assumed | $ | 0 | | | $ | 1,581,580 | |
| Issuance of Class M OP Units and Class P OP Units in the Operating Partnership | $ | 0 | | | $ | 50,603,000 | |
| Cancellation of investment in the Company | $ | 0 | | | $ | 107,400 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
F-6
RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc.
MODIV INC.
Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements
of Operations| | | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| Revenues: | | | | | | |
| Rental income | | $ | 6,140,444 | | | $ | 709,982 | |
| Tenant reimbursements | | | 1,249,762 | | | | 151,762 | |
| Total revenues | | | 7,390,206 | | | | 861,744 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Expenses: | | | | | �� | | | |
| Fees to affiliates (Note 9) | | | 1,188,083 | | | | 591,073 | |
| General and administrative | | | 3,742,896 | | | | 1,276,535 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | 3,081,554 | | | | 493,185 | |
| Interest expense | | | 1,637,984 | | | | 395,110 | |
| Property expenses | | | 1,282,759 | | | | 171,063 | |
| Acquisition costs | | | - | | | | 73,027 | |
| Total expenses | | | 10,933,276 | | | | 2,999,993 | |
| Less: Expenses reimbursed/fees waived by Sponsor or affiliates (Note 9) | | | (2,468,138 | ) | | | (979,102 | ) |
| Net expenses | | | 8,465,138 | | | | 2,020,891 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Other income (loss): | | | | | | | | |
| Interest income | | | 7,215 | | | | 977 | |
| Income (losses) from investments in unconsolidated entities | | | 199,233 | | | | (79,271 | ) |
| Total other (loss) income | | | 206,448 | | | | (78,294 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net loss | | $ | (868,484 | ) | | $ | (1,237,441 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net loss per common share, basic and diluted (Note 2) | | $ | (0.15 | ) | | $ | (2.89 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted | | | 5,982,930 | | | | 428,255 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
For the Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Cumulative | | | | |
| | | Common Stock | | | Additional | | | Distributions | | | Total | |
| | | Class C | | | Class S | | | Paid-in | | | and Net | | | Stockholders' | |
| | | Shares | | | Amounts | | | Shares | | | Amounts | | | Capital | | | Losses | | | Equity | |
| Balance, December 31, 2015 | | | 20,000 | | | $ | 20 | | | | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 199,980 | | | $ | (6,185 | ) | | $ | 193,815 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Issuance of common stock | | | 2,437,718 | | | | 2,438 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 24,374,740 | | | | - | | | | 24,377,178 | |
| Offering costs | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (731,315 | ) | | | - | | | | (731,315 | ) |
| Distributions declared | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (171,161 | ) | | | (171,161 | ) |
| Stock compensation expense | | | 9,800 | | | | 10 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 97,990 | | | | - | | | | 98,000 | |
| Redemption of common stock | | | (8,637 | ) | | | (10 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (83,833 | ) | | | - | | | | (83,843 | ) |
| Net loss | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (1,237,441 | ) | | | (1,237,441 | ) |
| Reclassification to redeemable common stock | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (214,127 | ) | | | - | | | | (214,127 | ) |
| Balance, December 31, 2016 | | | 2,458,881 | | | | 2,458 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 23,643,435 | | | | (1,414,787 | ) | | | 22,231,106 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Issuance of common stock | | | 6,617,457 | | | | 6,617 | | | | 3,032 | | | | 3 | | | | 66,198,278 | | | | - | | | | 66,204,898 | |
| Offering costs | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (1,988,397 | ) | | | - | | | | (1,988,397 | ) |
| Distributions declared | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (3,800,625 | ) | | | (3,800,625 | ) |
| Stock compensation expense | | | 16,300 | | | | 16 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 162,984 | | | | - | | | | 163,000 | |
| Redemption of common stock | | | (254,636 | ) | | | (253 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (2,472,318 | ) | | | - | | | | (2,472,571 | ) |
| Net loss | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (868,484 | ) | | | (868,484 | ) |
| Reclassification to redeemable common stock | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (219,061 | ) | | | - | | | | (219,061 | ) |
| Balance, December 31, 2017 | | | 8,838,002 | | | $ | 8,838 | | | | 3,032 | | | $ | 3 | | | $ | 85,324,921 | | | $ | (6,083,896 | ) | | $ | 79,249,866 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
| | | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | |
| Net loss | | $ | (868,484 | ) | | $ | (1,237,441 | ) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | 3,081,554 | | | | 493,185 | |
| Stock compensation expense | | | 163,000 | | | | 98,000 | |
| Straight-line rents | | | (965,846 | ) | | | 28,335 | |
| Amortization of lease incentives | | | 130,689 | | | | 58,310 | |
| Tenant reimbursement used for rent credit | | | (51,459 | ) | | | (290,850 | ) |
| Amortization of deferred financing costs | | | 169,664 | | | | 19,651 | |
| Amortization of above-market leases | | | 83,770 | | | | 17,209 | |
| Amortization of below-market leases | | | (68,699 | ) | | | - | |
| Unrealized gain on interest rate swap valuation | | | (7,899 | ) | | | - | |
| (Income) losses from investments in unconsolidated entities | | | (199,233 | ) | | | 79,271 | |
| Distributions from investments in unconsolidated entities | | | 367,686 | | | | 37,554 | |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
| Tenant receivables | | | (182,929 | ) | | | - | |
| Due from affiliate | | | 45,668 | | | | (79,862 | ) |
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | | | (91,871 | ) | | | (143,657 | ) |
| Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities | | | 1,323,371 | | | | 225,586 | |
| Due to affiliate | | | 861,855 | | | | 22,577 | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | 3,790,837 | | | | (672,132 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | |
| Acquisition of real estate investments | | | (100,458,868 | ) | | | (32,754,452 | ) |
| Improvements to real estate | | | (685,160 | ) | | | - | |
| Payments of acquisition fees to affiliate | | | (3,935,884 | ) | | | (231,408 | ) |
| Repayment (funding) of amounts due to (from) affiliate | | | 28,571 | | | | (28,571 | ) |
| Investments in unconsolidated entities | | | (10,542,594 | ) | | | (3,640,634 | ) |
| Refundable purchase deposits and other acquisition costs | | | - | | | | (500,000 | ) |
| Net cash used in investing activities | | | (115,593,935 | ) | | | (37,155,065 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | |
| Borrowings from unsecured credit facility | | | 55,390,000 | | | | 24,215,000 | |
| Repayments of unsecured credit facility | | | (53,547,803 | ) | | | (14,057,197 | ) |
| Proceeds from mortgage notes payable | | | 55,369,988 | | | | 7,319,700 | |
| Principal payments on mortgage notes payable | | | (407,725 | ) | | | (53,555 | ) |
| Refundable loan deposits | | | (40,000 | ) | | | - | |
| Payments of deferred financing costs to third parties | | | (1,430,607 | ) | | | (173,213 | ) |
| Payments of financing fees to affiliates | | | (326,600 | ) | | | - | |
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock and investor deposits | | | 62,555,554 | | | | 24,834,698 | |
| Payment of offering costs | | | (2,049,847 | ) | | | (651,670 | ) |
| Payment of Class S commissions | | | (700 | ) | | | - | |
| Redemption of common stock | | | (2,472,571 | ) | | | (83,843 | ) |
| Distributions paid to common stockholders | | | (731,209 | ) | | | (46,165 | ) |
| Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 112,308,480 | | | | 41,303,755 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | | | 505,382 | | | | 3,476,558 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year | | | 3,677,373 | | | | 200,815 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of year | | $ | 4,182,755 | | | $ | 3,677,373 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | | | | | | | | |
| Cash paid for interest | | $ | 1,285,716 | | | $ | 349,120 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Supplemental disclosure of noncash flow information: | | | | | | | | |
| Transfers to redeemable common stock | | $ | 219,061 | | | $ | 214,127 | |
| Distributions paid to common stockholders through common stock issuance pursuant to the dividend reinvestment plan | | $ | 3,067,095 | | | $ | 124,996 | |
| Increase in deferred commission payable to S Class distributor | | $ | 2,300 | | | $ | - | |
| Increase in lease incentive obligation | | $ | 858,389 | | | $ | 535,500 | |
| Reinvested distributions to investment in Rich Uncles REIT I | | $ | - | | | $ | 2,885 | |
| Tax withholding on distributions | | $ | 267 | | | $ | - | |
| Purchase deposits applied to acquisition of real estate | | $ | 500,000 | | | $ | - | |
| Increase in share repurchases payable | | $ | 369,372 | | | $ | 17,467 | |
| Increase in other offering costs due to affiliate | | $ | - | | | $ | 79,645 | |
| Capitalized acquisition fee payable | | $ | - | | | $ | 274,200 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
RW HOLDINGS NNN REIT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1. BUSINESS AND ORGANIZATION
Rich Uncles NNN REIT,
Modiv Inc. (the “Company” or “Modiv”) was incorporated on May 14, 2015 as a Maryland corporation. The Company was originally incorporated under the name Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc., butand changed its name on October 19, 2015 to Rich Uncles NNN REIT, Inc. and, again on August 14, 2017 to RW Holdings NNN REIT, Inc. and to Modiv Inc. on January 22, 2021.
The Company has the authority to issue 450,000,000 shares of stock, consisting of 50,00050,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, 300,000,000 shares of Class C common stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 100,000,000 shares of Class S common stock, $0.001 par value per share. Effective February 1, 2021, with the authorization of the board of directors, the Company filed Articles of Amendment to the Company’s charter in the State of Maryland in order to effect a 1:3 reverse stock split of the Company’s Class C common stock and Class S common stock and, following the implementation of the reverse stock split, to decrease the par value of each post-split share of the Company’s Class C common stock and Class S common stock from $0.003 per share to $0.001 per share.
The Company was
initially formed to primarily invest
directly or indirectly through investments in real estate owning entities, in single-tenant income-producing
corporate properties located in the United States,
which are leased to
credit worthycreditworthy tenants under long-term net leases.
TheSince December 31, 2019, the Company has been internally managed following its December 31, 2019 acquisition of the business of BrixInvest, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and the Company’s
goal isformer sponsor (“BrixInvest” or the “Former Sponsor”), and the Company’s merger with Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I (“REIT I”). During 2020, the Company acquired the intellectual property of buildingbits.com (“BuildingBITs”), an innovative online real estate crowd funding platform, and the REITless investment platform (“REITless”), an online investment platform for commercial real estate investment offerings. In 2021, the Company will continue to
generate current income for investors and long-term capital appreciation inseek opportunities to be an aggregator within the
valuenon-listed real estate product industry, utilizing the combination of its
properties.deep understanding of both the crowd funding and real estate markets and the strength of its stockholder-owned, self-managed business model. The Company plans to invest in a diversified portfolio of real estate and real estate-related investments.
The Company holds its investments in real property through special purpose wholly owned limited liability companies which are wholly ownedwholly-owned subsidiaries of Rich UnclesModiv Operating Partnership, LP, formerly known as RW Holdings NNN REIT Operating Partners, L.P.,Partnership, LP, a Delaware limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”)., or Katana Merger Sub, LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“Merger Sub”), which is described below and was merged into the Operating Partnership on December 31, 2020. The Operating Partnership was formed on January 28, 2016. The Company is the sole general partner of and ownsowned a 99% partnership interest in the Operating Partnership.Partnership prior to the completion of the Self-Management Transaction (defined below) on December 31, 2019. The Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, Rich Uncles NNN LP, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company formed on May 13, 2016 (“NNN LP”), ownsowned the remaining 1% partnership interest in the Operating Partnership and is itswas the sole limited partner (“Limited Partner”). Rich Unclesof the Operating Partnership prior to the completion of the Self-Management Transaction on December 31, 2019.
Following the completion of the Self-Management Transaction, the Company, including NNN LP, owned an approximately 87% partnership interest in the Operating Partnership. Daisho OP Holdings, LLC is wholly(“Daisho”), a formerly wholly-owned subsidiary of BrixInvest which was spun off from BrixInvest on December 31, 2019, was issued and held 657,949.5 units of Class M limited partnership interest (the “Class M OP Units”), or an approximately 12% limited partnership interest, in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2019. The Class M OP Units were distributed to the members of Daisho during 2020. In connection with the Self-Management Transaction, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer were issued an aggregate of 56,029 units of Class P limited partnership interest (the “Class P OP Units”) in the Operating Partnership and thereby owned by the Company. remaining approximate 1% limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2019. Following the issuance of 360,000 units (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class R limited partnership interest (the “Class R OP Units”) in the Operating Partnership to the Company’s employees, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, in January 2021 as further described in Note 11, the Company holds an approximately 83% partnership interest, the Daisho members hold an approximately 12% limited partnership interest and employees of the Company hold an approximately 5% limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership.
The Company
has no significant operations prior to its purchase of real estate properties in June 2016.The Company iswas externally managed by its former advisor, Rich Uncles NNN REIT Operator, LLC (the “Advisor”“Former Advisor”), a Delaware limited liability company, pursuant to an advisory agreement,the Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement dated August 11, 2017, as amended (the “Advisory Agreement”)., through December 31, 2019. The Former Advisor is wholly ownedwas wholly-owned by the Company’s sponsor, BrixInvest, LLC (f/k/a Rich Uncles, LLC) (the “Sponsor”), a Delaware limited liability company whose members include Harold HoferAaron S. Halfacre and Ray Wirta.Raymond Wirta, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, respectively. On each of June 24, 2015 and December 31, 2015, the Company issued 10,0003,333.3 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of its Class C common stock to the Former Sponsor, for a total of 6,666.7 shares (adjusted
for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock, at a purchase price of
$10.00$30.00 per
share.share (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). Upon completing the Self-Management Transaction, the Former Sponsor's remaining 3,580 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of the Company’s Class C common stock held as of the date of the Self-Management Transaction were canceled.
On December 31, 2019, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated September 19, 2019 (the “Merger Agreement”), REIT I merged with and into Merger Sub, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, with Merger Sub surviving as a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”). At such time, the separate existence of REIT I ceased. As a result, the Company issued 2,680,740.5 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of its Class C common stock to former shareholders of REIT I. In addition, on December 31, 2019, a self-management transaction was completed, whereby the Company, the Operating Partnership, BrixInvest and Daisho effectuated a Contribution Agreement dated September 19, 2019 (the “Contribution Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company acquired substantially all of the assets and assumed certain liabilities of BrixInvest in exchange for 657,949.5 Class M OP Units in the Operating Partnership (the “Self-Management Transaction”). As a result of the completion of the Merger and the Self-Management Transaction, the Company became self-managed (see Note 3).
On July 15, 2015, the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-11
(File No. 333-205684) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) to register an initial public offering of
its common stock to offer a maximum of
$900,000,000 in30,000,000 (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of its shares of common stock for sale to the public (the “Primary Offering”). The Company also registered a maximum of
$100,000,0003,333,333 (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of its shares of common stock pursuant to the Company’s distribution reinvestment plan (the
“Registered“DRP”) (the “Initial DRP Offering”
) and together with the Primary Offering,
(the “Registeredthe “Initial Registered Offering”). The SEC declared the Company’s registration statement effective on June 1, 2016, and on July 20, 2016, the Company began offering shares
of common stock to the public. Pursuant to
its securities offering registered with the
SEC,Initial Registered Offering, the Company
sellssold shares of
“Class C”Class C common stock directly to investors,
initially at a purchase price of $10.00 per share, with a minimum investment in shares of $500. Commencing in August 2017, the Company began selling shares of its Class C common stock only to U.S. persons as defined under Rule 903 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”)
., and began selling shares of its Class S common stock as a result of the commencement of the Class S Offering (as defined below) to non-U.S. Persons.
On August 11, 2017, the Company began offering up to 100,000,00033,333,333 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class S common stock exclusively to non-U.S. Persons as defined under Rule 903 promulgated under the Securities Act, pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and in accordance with Regulation S of the Securities Act (the “Class S Offering”) and, together with the Registered Offering (theOfferings (as defined below), the “Offerings”). The Class S common stock has similar features and rights as the Class C common stock, including with respect to voting and liquidation, except that the Class S common stock offered in the Class S offeringOffering may be sold only to non-U.S. Persons and may be sold through brokers or other persons who may be paid upfront and deferred selling commissions and fees.
On January 18, 2018,December 23, 2019, the Company commenced a follow-on offering pursuant to a new registration statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-231724) (the “Follow-on Offering” and, together with the Initial Registered Offering and the 2021 DRP Offering (as defined below), the “Registered Offerings”), which registered the offer and sale of up to $800,000,000 in share value of Class C common stock, including $725,000,000 in share value of Class C common stock pursuant to the primary portion of the Follow-on Offering and $75,000,000 in share value of Class C common stock pursuant to the Company's DRP. The Company ceased offering shares pursuant to the Initial Registered Offering concurrently with the commencement of the Follow-on Offering.
In response to the significant economic impacts of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, effective as of the close of business on May 7, 2020, the Company’s board of directors temporarily suspended the primary portion of the Company’s Follow-on Offering and Class S Offering until such time as the board of directors approved and established an updated estimated net asset value (“NAV”) per share of the Company’s common stock and determined to resume such primary offerings. On May 20, 2020, the Company’s board of directors approved and established an updated estimated NAV per share of the Company’s common stock of $10.05. Effective January 19, 2018,$21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) to reflect the Company's valuation of its real estate assets, debt and other assets and liabilities as of April 30, 2020.
Commencing on June 1, 2020, the Company’s board of directors resumed the primary portions of the Follow-on Offering and the Class S Offering. The purchase price per share in the primary portion of the Follow-on Offering was decreased from $30.81 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) to $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split), and the purchase price per share in the primary portion of the Class S Offering was decreased to $21.01 plus the amount of any applicable upfront commissions and fees. The NAV per share used for purposes of future repurchases pursuant to the share repurchase programs was also decreased from $30.81 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) to $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split).
On January 22, 2021, with the authorization of the board of directors, Modiv amended and restated its DRP with respect to the Company's shares of Class C common stock in order to reflect its corporate name change and to remove the ability of the Company’s stockholders to elect to reinvest only a portion of their cash distributions in shares through the DRP so that investors who elect to participate in the amended and restated DRP must reinvest all cash distributions in shares. In addition, the amended and restated DRP provides for determinations by the board of directors of the NAV per share more frequently than annually. The amended and restated DRP was effective with respect to distributions that were paid in February 2021.
On January 22, 2021, the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-252321) to register a maximum of $100,000,000 of additional shares of Class C common stock to be issued pursuant to the amended and restated DRP (the “2021 DRP Offering” and, collectively with the Initial DRP Offering, the “Registered DRP Offering”). The Company commenced offering shares of Class C common stock pursuant to the 2021 DRP Offering upon termination of the Follow-on Offering, as discussed below.
Effective January 27, 2021, the board of directors terminated the Company’s Follow-on Offering. In connection with the termination of the Follow-on Offering, the Company stopped accepting investor subscriptions on January 22, 2021. On February 1, 2021, the Company commenced a private offering under Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933 and is
$10.05.accepting investor subscriptions from accredited investors.
On January 27, 2021, the Company’s board of directors approved and established an updated estimated NAV per share of the Company’s Class C common stock and Class S common stock of $23.03 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). Additional information on the determination of the Company's updated estimated NAV per share, including the process used to determine its estimated NAV per share, can be found in the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 29, 2021.
Effective January 31, 2021, the Company and North Capital Private Securities Corporation (“NCPS”) terminated their Dealer Manager Agreement, dated January 2, 2020, pursuant to which NCPS had agreed to act as dealer manager in connection with the Follow-on Offering. Effective January 31, 2021, with the authorization of the board of directors, NCPS and the Company entered into a new Dealer Manager Agreement pursuant to which NCPS has agreed to act as dealer manager in connection with investments in the Company by accredited investors.
On February 1, 2021, with the authorization of the board of directors, the Company amended and restated its Class C common stock share repurchase program (the “Class C SRP”) in order to (i) revise the minimum holding period before a stockholder may participate in the Class C SRP from 90 days to six months, (ii) revise the limitations on the share repurchase price so that shares held for less than two years will be repurchased at 98% of the most recently published NAV per share and shares held for at least two years will be repurchased at 100% of the most recently published NAV per share (as opposed to a repurchase price of 97% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held less than one year, 98% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held for more than one year but less than two years, 99% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held for more than two years but less than three years, and 100% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held for at least three years), (iii) increase the minimum share value (based on the most recently published NAV per share) at which the Company has the right to repurchase all of a stockholder’s shares, if as a result of a repurchase request a stockholder holds less than the minimum share value, from $500 to $1,000, and (iv) include language that provides that the Class C SRP will automatically terminate if the Company’s shares of common stock are listed on any national securities exchange. The minimum holding period before a stockholder may participate in the Class C SRP for shares purchased prior to February 1, 2021 will remain at 90 days.
With the authorization of the board of directors, the Company also amended and restated its Class S common stock share repurchase program (the “Class S SRP”) on February 1, 2021 in order to (i) allow the Company to waive the minimum one year holding period before a holder of Class S shares may participate in the Class S SRP in the event of extraordinary circumstances which would place undue hardship on a stockholder, (ii) increase the minimum Class S share value (based on the most recently published NAV per Class S share) at which the Company has the right to repurchase all of a stockholder’s shares, if as a result of a repurchase request a stockholder holds less than the minimum Class S share value, from $500 to $1,000, and (iii) include language that provides that the Class S SRP will automatically terminate if the Company’s shares of common stock are listed on any national securities exchange.
Through December 31,
2017,2020, the Company had sold
9,055,1756,627,934 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of
“Class C”Class C common stock in the Registered
Offering,Offerings, including
319,150790,479 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock sold under its
Registeredregistered DRP,
Offering, for aggregate gross offering proceeds of
$90,551,753,$197,527,817, and
3,03263,711 shares
(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class S common stock in the Class S Offering,
including 2,056 shares (adjusted for
aggregate gross offering proceeds of $30,324, including 32 sharesthe 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class S common stock sold under its
distribution reinvestment plan.DRP, for aggregate gross offering proceeds of $1,932,065.
As of December 31, 2017,2020, the Company had investedinvestments in eight(i) 36 operating properties, excluding 4 properties held for sale, comprised of: 11 retail properties, six14 office properties and four11 industrial properties (including 14 operating properties of the original 20 operating properties which were acquired through the Merger on December 31, 2019, and tenant-in-common real estate investment incomprised of: (a) 5 retail properties, (b) 4 office properties and (c) 5 industrial properties, exclusive of 3 retail properties classified as held for sale); (ii) 1 parcel of land, which currently serves as an easement to one of the Company hasCompany’s office properties; and (iii) an approximate 72.7% tenant-in-common interest in a Santa Clara office property (the “TIC Interest”).
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company determined to sell 9 of its operating properties, including 8 retail properties and one1 industrial property, and classified them as real estate investment in an affiliated REIT in which it has an approximate 4.4% interest.The Company continuesinvestments held for sale. NaN of the retail properties and the industrial property were sold during the year ended December 31, 2020, bringing the remaining real estate investments held for sale to offer shares4 retail properties as of common stock under its Offerings. In some states, the Company will need to renew the registration statementDecember 31, 2020 (see
Notes 4 and 11 for the Registered Offering annually or file a new registration statement to continue the Registered Offering. The Company may terminate the Registered Offering at any time.
NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements
arehave been prepared in accordance with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
in the United States of America (“GAAP”) as contained within the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and the rules and regulations of the SEC.
The consolidatedCompany's financial statements, includeand the accountsfinancial statements of the Company, NNN LP, the Operating Partnership, and their direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries.including its wholly-owned subsidiaries, are consolidated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The portion of the Operating Partnership which is not wholly-owned by the Company is presented as a noncontrolling interest. All significant intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Immaterial Correction
During 2017,
The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes are the representations of the Company’s management, who is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in such consolidated financial statements and related notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Reverse Stock Split
As discussed in Notes 1 and 11, on February 1, 2021, the Company identifiedeffected a 1:3 reverse stock split of its Class C common stock and Class S common stock and, following the implementation of the reverse stock split, decreased the par value of each share of the Company’s Class C common stock and Class S common stock to $0.001 per share from $0.003 per share. The Company has reflected the effect of the reverse stock split in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes as if it had occurred at the beginning of the earliest period presented.
Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Entities
The Company accounts for the noncontrolling interest in its Operating Partnership in accordance with the related accounting guidance. Due to the Company's control of the Operating Partnership through its general partnership interest therein and the limited rights of the limited partners, the Operating Partnership, including its wholly-owned subsidiaries, are consolidated with the Company, and the limited partner interests are reflected as a noncontrolling interest in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As described in Note 3, the Class M OP Units could not be converted or exchanged prior to December 31, 2020, which was the one-year anniversary of the closing of the Self-Management Transaction, and the Class P OP Units cannot be converted prior to the expiration of the Lockup Period (as defined below).
Business Combinations
The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”) and applicable Accounting Standards Updates, whereby the total consideration transferred is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including amounts attributable to any non-controlling interests, when applicable, based on their respective estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Goodwill represents the excess of consideration transferred over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired in a business combination.
ASC 805 defines business as an immaterial misstatement withinintegrated set of activities and assets (collectively, a “set”) that is capable of being conducted and managed for the statementpurpose of cash flowsproviding a return in the form of dividends, lower costs, or other economic benefits directly to investors or other owners, members, or participants. To be considered a business, the set must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output. ASC 805 provides a practical screen to determine when a set would not be considered a business. If the screen is not met and further assessment determines that the set is not a business, then the set is an asset acquisition. The primary difference between a business combination and an asset acquisition is that an asset acquisition requires cost accumulation and allocation at relative fair value whereas in a business combination the total consideration transferred is allocated among the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible assets and liabilities assumed. Acquisition costs are capitalized for an asset acquisition and expensed for a business combination (see Note 3 for a description of the Merger and Self-Management Transaction).
Revenue Recognition
The Company adopted FASB Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU No. 2014-09”), effective January 1, 2018. The Company’s sources of revenue impacted by ASU No. 2014-09 included revenue generated by sales of real estate, other operating income and tenant reimbursements for substantial services earned at the Company’s properties. Such revenues are recognized when the services are provided and the performance obligations are satisfied. Tenant reimbursements, consisting of amounts due from tenants for common area maintenance, property taxes and other recoverable costs, are recognized in rental income subsequent to the adoption of Topic 842, as discussed below, in the period the recoverable costs are incurred. Tenant reimbursements, for which the Company paid the associated costs directly to third-party vendors and was reimbursed by the tenants, were recognized and recorded on a gross basis.
The Company adopted FASB ASU No. 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842)” and the related FASB ASU Nos. 2018-10, 2018-11, 2018-20 and 2019-01 effective January 1, 2019, which provided practical expedients, technical corrections and improvements for certain aspects of ASU 2016-02, on a modified retrospective basis (collectively “Topic 842”). Topic 842 established a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for leases and supersedes the existing leasing guidance. Topic 842 applied to all entities that enter into leases. Lessees are required to report assets and liabilities that arise from leases. Lessor accounting has largely remained unchanged; however, certain refinements were made to conform with revenue recognition guidance, specifically related to the allocation and recognition of contract consideration earned from lease and non-lease revenue components. Topic 842 impacted the Company's accounting for leases primarily as a lessor. However, Topic 842 also impacted the Company's accounting as a lessee for an operating lease assumed as a result of the Self-Management Transaction, which was completed on December 31, 2019.
As a lessor, the Company's leases with tenants generally provide for the lease of real estate properties, as well as common area maintenance, property taxes and other recoverable costs. Under Topic 842, the lease of space is considered a lease component while the common area maintenance, property taxes and other recoverable costs billings are considered nonlease components, which fall under revenue recognition guidance in ASU No. 2014-09. However, upon adopting the guidance in Topic 842, the Company determined that its tenant leases met the criteria to apply the practical expedient provided by ASU No. 2018-11 to recognize the lease and non-lease components together as one single component. This conclusion was based on the consideration that (1) the timing and pattern of transfer of the nonlease components and associated lease component are the same, and (2) the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease. As the lease of properties is the predominant component of the Company's leasing arrangements, the Company accounted for all lease and nonlease components as one-single component under Topic 842. To reflect recognition as one lease component, rental income and tenant reimbursements and other lease related property income that meet the requirements of the practical expedient provided by ASU No. 2018-11 have been combined under rental income subsequent to the adoption of Topic 842 for the year ended December 31, 2016 related2019 in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, tenant reimbursements included in rental income amounted to $7,028,808 and $4,857,794, respectively.
The Company recognizes rental income from tenants under operating leases on a straight-line basis over the noncancelable term of the lease when collectability of such amounts is reasonably assured. Recognition of rental income on a straight-line basis includes the effects of rental abatements, lease incentives and fixed and determinable increases in lease payments over the lease term. If the lease provides for tenant improvements, management of the Company determines whether the tenant improvements, for accounting purposes, are owned by the tenant or by the Company.
When the Company is the owner of the tenant improvements, the tenant is not considered to have taken physical possession or have control of the physical use of the leased asset until the tenant improvements are substantially completed. When the tenant is the owner of the tenant improvements, any tenant improvement allowance (including amounts that the tenant can take in the form of cash or a credit against its rent) that is funded is treated as a lease incentive and amortized as a reduction of revenue over the lease term. Tenant improvement ownership is determined based on various factors including, but not limited to:
•whether the lease stipulates how a tenant improvement allowance may be spent;
•whether the amount of a tenant improvement allowance is in excess of market rates;
•whether the tenant or landlord retains legal title to the classification of cash received and reported as investor deposits which understatedimprovements at the net cash used in operating activities and understated net cash provided by financial activities by $582,516. Staff Accounting Bulletin: No. 99 – Materiality was used to evaluate the impactend of the misstatement. The misstatement was correctedlease term;
•whether the tenant improvements are unique to the tenant or general-purpose in nature; and
•whether the tenant improvements are expected to have any residual value at the end of the lease.
Tenant reimbursements of real estate taxes, insurance, repairs and maintenance, and other operating expenses are recognized as revenue in the statementperiod the expenses are incurred and presented gross if the Company is the primary obligor and, with respect to purchasing goods and services from third-party suppliers, has discretion in selecting the supplier and bears the associated credit risk. In instances where the operating lease agreement has an early termination option, the termination penalty is based on a predetermined termination fee or based on the unamortized tenant improvements and leasing commissions.
The Company evaluates the collectability of cash flowsrents and other receivables on a regular basis based on factors including, among others, payment history, credit rating, the asset type, and current economic conditions. If the Company’s evaluation of these factors indicates it may not recover the full value of the receivable, it provides an allowance against the portion of the receivable that it estimates may not be recovered. This analysis requires the Company to determine whether there are factors indicating a receivable may not be fully collectible and to estimate the amount of the receivable that may not be collected.
Gain or Loss on Sale of Real Estate Property
The Company recognizes gain or loss on sale of real estate property when the Company has executed a contract for sale of the property, transferred controlling financial interest in the property to the buyer and determined that it is probable that the Company will collect substantially all of the consideration for the property. The Company's real estate property sale transactions for the year ended December 31, 2016 presented herein. Net2020 met these criteria at closing. Operating results of the property that is sold remains in continuing operations, and any associated gain or loss from the disposition is included in gain or loss on sale of real estate investments in the Company’s accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Bad Debts and Allowances for Tenant and Deferred Rent Receivables
The Company's determination of the adequacy of its allowances for tenant receivables includes a binary assessment of whether or not the amounts due under a tenant’s lease agreement are probable of collection. For such amounts that are deemed probable of collection, revenue continues to be recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For such amounts that are deemed not probable of collection, revenue is recorded as the lesser of (i) the amount which would be recognized on a straight-line basis or (ii) cash usedthat has been received from the tenant, with any tenant and deferred rent receivable balances charged as a direct write-off against rental income in operating activitiesthe period of the change in the collectability determination. In addition, for tenant and deferred rent receivables deemed probable of collection, the Company also may record an allowance under other authoritative GAAP depending upon the Company's evaluation of the individual receivables, specific credit enhancements, current economic conditions, and other relevant factors. Such allowances are recorded as increases or decreases through rental income in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.
With respect to tenants in bankruptcy, management makes estimates of the expected recovery of pre-petition and post-petition claims in assessing the estimated collectability of the related receivable. In some cases, the ultimate resolution of these claims can exceed one year. When a tenant is in bankruptcy, the Company will record a bad debt allowance for the tenant’s receivable balance and generally will not recognize subsequent rental revenue until cash is received or until the tenant is no longer in bankruptcy and has the ability to make rental payments.
Advertising Costs
The Company incurred advertising costs charged to general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016 was previously reported2020 aggregating $607,787. In 2019, the advertising costs relating to the Offerings were paid by the Former Advisor through September 30, 2019. These amounts were reimbursed to the Former Advisor as $127,170organizational and offering costs to the extent they did not exceed the 3% limit as comparedfurther discussed in Note 9, and the Company did 0t incur any advertising costs related to $672,132. Net cash provided by financing activitiesthe Offerings during the three months ended December 31, 2019.
Income Taxes
The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Section 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2016. The Company expects to operate in a manner that will allow it to continue to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including meeting various tests regarding the nature of the Company's assets and income, the ownership of the Company's outstanding stock and distribution of at least 90% of the Company’s annual REIT taxable income to its stockholders (which is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax to the extent it distributes qualifying dividends to its stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory provisions.
The Company has concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in its consolidated financial statements. Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries has been assessed material interest or penalties by any major tax jurisdictions. The Company’s evaluations were performed for the tax years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. As of December 31, 2020, the returns for calendar years 2016, was increased2017, 2018 and 2019 remain subject to examination by $582,516major tax jurisdictions.
Other Comprehensive Loss
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, other comprehensive loss is the same as net loss.
Per Share Data
The Company reports a dual presentation of basic earnings per share (“Basic EPS”) and diluted earnings per share (“Diluted EPS”). Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS uses the treasury stock method or the if-converted method, where applicable, to $41,303,755. Thesecompute for the potential dilution that would occur if dilutive securities or commitments to issue common stock were exercised.
Diluted EPS is the same as Basic EPS for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 as the Company had a net loss for both years. As of both December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were 657,949.5 Class M OP Units and 56,029 Class P OP Units, respectively, that were convertible to Class C OP Units (defined below) at a conversion ratio of 1.6667 Class C OP Units (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) for each one Class M OP Unit or Class P OP Unit, as applicable, after a specified period of time (see Note 3). The holders of Class C OP Units may exchange such Class C OP Units for shares of the Company's Class C common stock on a 1-for-1 basis or cash, at the Company’s sole and absolute discretion. The Class M OP Units and Class P OP Units, and the shares of Class C common stock into which they may ultimately be converted, were excluded from the computation of Diluted EPS because their effect would not be dilutive. There were no other outstanding securities or commitments to issue common stock that would have a dilutive effect for the years then ended.
The Company has presented the basic and diluted net loss per share amounts on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for Class C and Class S share classes as a combined common share class. Application of the two-class method for allocating net loss in accordance with the provisions of ASC 260, Earnings per Share, would have resulted in a net loss of $6.06 and $0.88 per share for Class C shares for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and a net loss of $6.06 and $0.82 per share for Class S shares for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The differences in loss per share if allocated under this method primarily reflect the lower effective dividends per share for Class S stockholders as a result of the payment of the deferred commission to the Class S distributor of these shares, and also includereflect the impact of the early adoptiontiming of ASU 2016-15 relatedthe declaration of the dividends relative to the classificationtime the shares were outstanding.
Distributions declared per share of distributions from investments in unconsolidated entitiesClass C common stock were $1.46 and $2.11 (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Distributions declared per share of Class S common stock were $1.46 and $2.11 (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. The distribution paid per share of Class S common stock is net of the deferred selling commission.
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the statementprincipal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy, which is based on three levels of inputs, the first two of which are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value, is as follows:
Level 1: quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2: inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and
Level 3: unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
The fair value for certain financial instruments is derived using a combination of market quotes, pricing models, and other valuation techniques that involve significant management judgment. The price transparency of financial instruments is a key determinant of the degree of judgment involved in determining the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments. Financial instruments for which actively quoted prices or pricing parameters are available and for which markets contain orderly transactions will generally have a higher degree of price transparency than financial instruments for which markets are inactive or consist of non-orderly trades. The Company evaluates several factors when determining if a market is inactive or when market transactions are not orderly. The following is a summary of the methods and assumptions used by management in estimating the fair value of each class of financial instrument for which it is practicable to estimate the fair value:
Cash and cash flowsequivalents; restricted cash; tenant receivables; prepaid expenses and other assets; accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities; and due to affiliates: These balances approximate their fair values due to the short maturities of these items.
Derivative instruments: The Company’s derivative instruments are presented at fair value on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The valuation of these instruments is determined using a proprietary model that utilizes observable inputs. As such, the Company classifies these inputs as describedLevel 2 inputs. The proprietary model uses the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, as well as observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and volatility. The fair values of interest rate swaps are estimated using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves. In addition, credit valuation adjustments, which consider the impact of any credit risks to the contracts, are incorporated in the fair values to account for potential nonperformance risk.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets:Thefair value measurements of goodwill and intangible assets are considered Level 3 nonrecurring fair value measurements. For goodwill, fair value measurement involves the determination of fair value of a reporting unit. The Company uses a discounted cash flow approach to estimate the fair value of its real estate assets which requires the use of capitalization rates and discount rates. The Company uses a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate future performance, generating the fair value of the reporting unit's business. For intangible assets, fair value measurements include assumptions with inherent uncertainty, including projected securities offering volumes and related projected revenues and long-term growth rates, among others. The carrying value of intangible assets is at risk of impairment if future projected offering proceeds, revenues or long-term growth rates are lower than those currently projected.
Unsecured credit facility: The fair value of the Company’s unsecured credit facility approximates its carrying value as the interest rates are variable and the balances approximate their fair values due to the short maturities of this facility.
Mortgage notes payable: The fair value of the Company’s mortgage notes payable is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on management’s estimates of current market interest rates for instruments with similar characteristics, including remaining loan term, loan-to-value ratio, type of collateral and other credit enhancements. Additionally, when determining the fair value of liabilities in circumstances in which a quoted price in an active market for an identical liability is not available, the Company measures fair value using (i) a valuation technique that uses the quoted price of the identical liability when traded as an asset or quoted prices for similar liabilities or similar liabilities when traded as assets or (ii) another valuation technique that is consistent with the principles of fair value measurement, such as the income approach or the market approach. The Company classifies these inputs as Level 3 inputs.
Related party transactions: The Company has concluded that it is not practical to determine the estimated fair value of related party transactions. Disclosure rules for fair value measurements require that for financial instruments for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, information pertinent to those instruments be disclosed. Further information as to these financial instruments from related parties is included in Note 2 “New Accounting Standards Issued and Adopted.”9
. Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents may include cash and short-term investments. Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents balance may exceed federally insurable limits. The Company
intends to mitigatemitigates this risk by depositing funds with major financial institutions; however, these cash balances could be impacted if the underlying financial institutions fail or are subject to other adverse conditions in the financial markets.
Restricted cash is comprised of funds which are
held in escrow or are otherwise restricted for use as required by certain lenders in conjunction with an acquisition or debt
financing.financing and for on-site and tenant improvements or property taxes. Restricted cash as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 amounted to $129,118 and $113,362, respectively.
Pursuant to lease agreements, the Company has obligations to pay for $60,598 and $98,329 in site and tenant improvements to be incurred by tenants as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, including a 72.7% share of the tenant improvements for the Santa Clara property. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company’s restricted cash held to fund these improvements totaled $92,684 and $92,684, respectively. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company also held restricted cash of $36,434 and $20,678 to fund an impounded property tax.
Real Estate Acquisition Valuation
The Company records acquisitions that meet the definition of a business as a business combination. If the acquisition does not meet the definition of a business, the Company records the acquisition as an asset acquisition. Under both methods, all assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured based on their acquisition-date fair values.
There were no real estate acquisitions during 2020. All real estate acquisitions in 2019 were treated as asset acquisitions. Transaction costs that are related to a business combination are charged to expense as incurred. Transaction costs that are related to an asset acquisition are capitalized as incurred.
The Company assesses the acquisition date fair values of all tangible assets, identifiable intangibles, and assumed liabilities using methods similar to those used by independent appraisers, generally utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis that applies appropriate discount and/or capitalization rates and available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors, including historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions. The fair value of tangible assets of an acquired property considers the value of the property as if it were vacant.
The Company records above-market and below-market in-place lease values for acquired
Propertiesproperties based on the present value (using a discount rate that reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases and (ii) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, measured over a period equal to the remaining noncancelable term of above-market in-place leases plus any extended term for any leases with below-market renewal options. The Company amortizes any recorded above-market or below-market lease values as a reduction or increase, respectively, to rental income over the remaining noncancelable terms of the respective lease, including any below-market renewal periods.
The Company estimates the value of tenant origination and absorption costs by considering the estimated carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods, considering current market conditions. In estimating carrying costs, the Company
generally includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease up periods.
The Company amortizes the value of tenant origination and absorption costs to depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining term of the respective lease.
Estimates of the fair values of the tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities require the Company to make significant assumptions to estimate market lease rates, property-operating expenses, carrying costs during lease-up periods, discount rates, market absorption periods, and the number of years the property will be held for investment.
Therefore, the Company classifies these inputs as Level 3 inputs. The use of inappropriate assumptions would result in an incorrect valuation of the Company’s acquired tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities, which would impact the amount of the Company’s net income (loss).
Depreciation and Amortization
Real estate costs related to the acquisition and improvement of
Propertiesproperties are capitalized and
depreciated or amortized over the expected useful life of the asset on a straight-line basis. Repair and maintenance costs include all costs that do not extend the useful life of the real estate asset and are expensed as incurred. Significant replacements and betterments are capitalized. The Company anticipates the estimated useful lives of its assets by class to be generally as follows:
· | Buildings | 30-48 | | | | | | |
| ● | Buildings | 10 - 48 years |
·● | Site improvements | Shorter of 15 years or remaining lease term |
·● | Tenant improvements | Shorter of 15 years or remaining lease term |
·● | Tenant origination and absorption costs, and above-/below-market lease intangibles | Remaining lease term |
Impairment of
Investment in Real Estate
and Related Intangible AssetsProperties
The Company continuallyregularly monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of real estate and related intangible assets may not be recoverable. When indicators of potential impairment are present that indicate that the carrying amounts of real estate and related intangible assets may not be recoverable, management assesses whether the carrying value of the assets will be recovered through the future undiscounted operating cash flows expected from the use of and eventual disposition of the property. If, based on the analysis, the Company does not believe that it will be able to recover the carrying value of the asset, the Company will recordrecords an impairment charge to the extent the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset. As more fully discussed in Note 4, the Company recorded impairment charges of $10,267,625 related to 6 of its real estate properties during the year ended December 31, 2016, the2020. The Company did not record0t incur any impairment charges related tofor its real estate investments.Other Comprehensive Loss
Forproperties during the yearsyear ended December 31, 20172019.
Leasing Costs
Upon adoption of Topic 842, the Company elected to apply the package of practical expedients provided and
2016, other comprehensive loss isdid not reassess the
samefollowing as
net loss.Revenue Recognition
of January 1, 2019: (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are leases or contain leases; (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (3) initial direct costs for any existing leases. Under Topic 842, initial direct costs for both lessees and lessors would include only those costs that are incremental to the arrangement and would not have been incurred if the lease had not been obtained. As a result, beginning January 1, 2019, the Company no longer capitalizes internal leasing costs and third-party legal leasing costs and instead charges these costs to expense as incurred. These expenses are included in legal leasing costs under property expenses in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognizes rental income from tenants under operating leases on a straight-line basis over the termelection of the lease when collectabilitypackage of such amounts is reasonably assured. Recognition of rental income on a straight-line basis includes the effects of rental abatements, lease incentives and fixed and determinable increases in lease payments over the lease term. If the lease provides for tenant improvements, management of the Company determines whether the tenant improvements, for accounting purposes, are owned by the tenant or by the Company. When the tenant is the owner of the tenant improvements, any tenant improvement allowance (including amounts that the tenant can take in the form of cash or a credit against its rent) that is funded is treated as a lease incentive and amortized as a reduction of revenue over the lease term. Tenant improvement ownership is determined based on various factors including, but not limited to:
| · | whether the lease stipulates how a tenant improvement allowance may be spent; |
| · | whether the amount of a tenant improvement allowance is in excess of market rates; |
| · | whether the tenant or landlord retains legal title to the improvements at the end of the lease term; |
| · | whether the tenant improvements are unique to the tenant or general-purpose in nature; and |
| · | whether the tenant improvements are expected to have any residual value at the end of the lease. |
Tenant reimbursements of real estate taxes, insurance, repairs and maintenance, and other operating expenses are recognized as revenue in the period the expenses are incurred and presented gross if the Company is the primary obligor and, with respect to purchasing goods and services from third-party suppliers, has discretion in selecting the supplier and bears the associated credit risk.
In instances where the operating lease agreement has an early termination option, the termination penalty is based on a predetermined termination fee or based on the unamortized tenant improvements and leasing commissions.
The Company evaluates the collectability of rents and other receivables on a regular basis based on factors including, among others, payment history, the operations, the asset type and current economic conditions. If the Company’s evaluation of these factors indicates it may not recover the full value of the receivable, it provides a reserve against the portion of the receivable that it estimates may not be recovered. This analysis requirespractical expedients described above permits the Company to determine whether there are factors indicating a receivable may not be fully collectablecontinue to account for its leases that commenced before January 1, 2019 under the previously existing lease accounting guidance for the remainder of their lease terms, and to estimateapply the amountnew lease accounting guidance to leases entered into or acquired commencing or modified after January 1, 2019.
Real Estate Investments Held for Sale
The Company considers a real estate investment to be “held for sale” when the following criteria are met: (i) management commits to a plan to sell the property, (ii) the property is available for sale immediately, (iii) the property is actively being marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value, (iv) the sale of the
receivableproperty within one year is considered probable and (v) significant changes to the plan to sell are not expected. Real estate that
may not be collected. In addition, with respectis held for sale and its related assets are classified as “real estate investment held for sale, net” and “assets related to
tenantsreal estate investment held for sale,” respectively, in
bankruptcy, management makes estimates of the
expected recovery of pre-petitionaccompanying consolidated balance sheets. Mortgage notes payable and
post-petition claimsother liabilities related to real estate investments held for sale are classified as “mortgage notes payable related to real estate investments held for sale, net” and “liabilities related to real estate investments held for sale,” respectively, in
assessing the
estimated collectability of the related receivable. In some cases, the ultimate resolution of these claims can exceed one year. When a tenant is in bankruptcy, the Company will record a bad debt reserveaccompanying consolidated balance sheets. Real estate investments classified as held for
the tenant’s receivable balance and generally will not recognize subsequent rental revenue until cash is received or until the tenant issale are no longer
in bankruptcy and has the ability to make rental payments.
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs represent commitment fees, loan fees, legal fees and other third-party costs associated with obtaining financingdepreciated and are presented onreported at the balance sheet as a direct deduction from thelower of their carrying value or their estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell. Operating results of the associated debt liability. These costs are amortized to interest expense over the terms of the respective financing agreements using the effective interest method. Unamortized deferred financing costs are generally expensed when the associated debt is refinanced or repaid before maturity unless specific rules are metproperties that would allowwere classified as held for the carryover of such costs. Costs incurred in seeking financing transactions that do not close are expensedsale in the periodordinary course of business are included in which it is determined thatcontinuing operations in the financing will not close. Unamortized deferred financing costs related to revolving credit facilities are reclassified to presentation as an asset in periods where there are no outstanding borrowings under the facility.
Company’s accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Unconsolidated Investments
The Company accounts for investments in entities over which
itthe Company has the ability to exercise significant influence under the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method of accounting, an investment is initially recognized at cost and is subsequently adjusted to reflect the Company’s share of earnings or losses of the investee. The investment is also increased for additional amounts invested and decreased for any distributions received from the investee. Equity method investments are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investment might not be recoverable. If an equity method investment is determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired, the investment is reduced to fair value and an impairment charge is recorded
throughas a reduction to earnings.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The Company records goodwill when the purchase price of a business combination exceeds the estimated fair value of net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired. The Company evaluates goodwill and other intangible assets for possible impairment in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles–Goodwill and Other on an annual basis, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit has declined below its carrying value. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge is recognized.
In assessing goodwill impairment, the Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The Company’s qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill considers various macro-economic, industry-specific and company-specific factors. These factors include: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant company-specific actions, including exiting an activity in conjunction with restructuring of operations; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of the Company’s financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in the Company’s market capitalization below its net book value. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines it is unlikely that the fair value of such reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative analysis is unnecessary.
However, if the Company concludes otherwise, or if it elects to bypass the qualitative analysis, then it is required to perform a quantitative analysis that compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired; otherwise, a goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the lesser of: (a) the amount that the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value; or (b) the amount of the goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
Intangible assets consist of purchased customer-related intangible assets, marketing related intangible assets, developed or acquired technology and other intangible assets. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method ranging from three years to five years. No significant residual value is estimated for intangible assets. An asset is considered impaired if its carrying amount exceeds the future net cash flow the asset is expected to generate. The Company evaluates long-lived assets (including intangible assets) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable.
As further discussed in Note 3, due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company performed an impairment analysis of goodwill and intangible assets as of March 31, 2020. As a result, the Company recorded impairment charges of $33,267,143 and $1,305,260 to goodwill and intangible assets, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
The Company conducted its annual impairment analysis as of December 31, 2020 using the qualitative factors discussed above and determined that 0 additional impairments to goodwill or intangible assets were necessary.
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs represent commitment fees, financing coordination fees paid to the Former Advisor, mortgage loan and line of credit fees, legal fees, and other third-party costs associated with obtaining financing and are presented on the Company's balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the associated debt liabilities. These costs are amortized to interest expense over the terms of the respective financing agreements using the effective interest method. Unamortized deferred financing costs are generally expensed when the associated debt is refinanced or repaid before maturity unless specific rules are met that would allow for the carryover of such costs. Costs incurred in seeking financing transactions that do not close are expensed in the period in which it is determined that the financing will not close. Unamortized deferred financing costs related to revolving credit facilities are presented as an asset in periods where there are no outstanding borrowings under the facility.
The Company enters into derivative instruments for risk management purposes to hedge its exposure to cash flow variability caused by changing interest rates on its variable rate mortgage notes payable. The Company
does not enter into derivatives for speculative purposes. The Company records these derivative instruments at fair value on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The Company’s mortgage derivative instruments do not meet the hedge accounting criteria and therefore the
changechanges in the fair value are recorded as
gaingains or
losslosses on derivative instruments in the accompanying statement of operations. The gain or loss is included in interest expense.
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures
Under GAAP, the
The Company
is requiredenters into interest rate swaps as a fixed rate payer to
measure certain financial statements at fair valuemitigate its exposure to rising interest rates on
a recurring basis. In addition, the Company is required to measure other non-financial and financial assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis (e.g., carryingits variable rate notes payable. The value of
impaired long-lived assets). Fair valueinterest rate swaps is
defined asprimarily impacted by interest rates, market expectations about interest rates, and the
price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The GAAP fair value framework uses a three-tiered approach. Fair value measurements are classified and disclosed in oneremaining life of the
following three categories:Level 1: unadjusted quoted pricesinstrument. In general, increases in active markets that are accessible atinterest rates, or anticipated increases in interest rates, will increase the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2: quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-derived valuations in which significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and
Level 3: prices or valuation techniques where little or no market data is available that requires inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.
When available, the Company utilizes quoted market prices from independent third-party sources to determine fair value and classifies such items in Level 1 or Level 2. In instances where the market for a financial instrument is not active, regardless of the availability of a nonbinding quoted market price, observable inputs might not be relevantfixed rate payer position and could requiredecrease the Company to make a significant adjustment to derive a fair value measurement. Additionally, in an inactive market, a market price quoted from an independent third party may rely more on models with inputs based on information available only to that independent third party. When the Company determines the market for a financial instrument owned by the Company to be illiquid or when market transactions for similar instruments do not appear orderly, the Company uses several valuation sources (including internal or external valuations, discounted cash flow analysis and quoted market prices) and establishes a fair value by assigning weights to the various valuation sources. Additionally, when determining the fair value of liabilities in circumstances in which a quoted price in an active market for an identical liability is not available, the Company measures fair value using (i) a valuation technique that usesvariable rate payer position. As the quoted priceremaining life of the identical liability when traded as an asset or quoted prices for similar liabilities or similar liabilities when traded as assets or (ii) another valuation technique that is consistent withinterest rate swap decreases, the principlesvalue of fair value measurement, such as the income approach or the market approach.
both positions will generally move towards zero. Related Party Transactions Changes in assumptions or estimation methodologies can have a material effect on these estimated fair values. In this regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument.
The Company considers the following factorsrecorded all related party fee expense as incurred, subject to be indicators of an inactive market: (i) there are few recent transactions, (ii) price quotations are not based on current information, (iii) price quotations vary substantially either over time or among market makers (for example, some brokered markets), (iv) indexes that previously were highly correlated with the fair values of the asset or liability are demonstrably uncorrelated with recent indications of fair value for that asset or liability, (v) there is a significant increasecertain limitations described in implied liquidity risk premiums, yields, or performance indicators (such as delinquency rates or loss severities) for observed transactions or quoted prices when compared with the Company’s estimate of expected cash flows, considering all available market data about credit and other nonperformance risk forAdvisory Agreement (see Note 9). There were 0 related party fees during the asset or liability, (vi) there is a wide bid-ask spread or significant increase in the bid-ask spread, (vii) there is a significant decline or absence of a market for new issuances (that is, a primary market) for the asset or liability or similar assets or liabilities, and (viii) little information is released publicly (for example, a principal-to-principal market).The Company considers the following factors to be indicators of non-orderly transactions: (i) there was not adequate exposure to the market for a period before the measurement date to allow for marketing activities that are usual and customary for transactions involving such assets or liabilities under current market conditions, (ii) there was a usual and customary marketing period, but the seller marketed the asset or liability to a single market participant, (iii) the seller is in or near bankruptcy or receivership (that is, distressed), or the seller was required to sell to meet regulatory or legal requirements (that is, forced), and (iv) the transaction price is an outlier when compared with other recent transactions for the same or similar assets or liabilities.
Income Taxes
The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Section 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2016. The Company expects to operate in a manner that will allow us to continue to qualify2020 as a REIT for Federal income tax purposes. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including meeting various tests regarding the nature of our assets and our income, the ownership of our outstanding stock and distribution of at least 90%result of the Company’s annual REIT taxable income to its stockholders (which is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent it distributes qualifying dividends to its stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory provisions.
The Company has concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in its financial statements. Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries has been assessed interest or penalties by any major tax jurisdictions. The Company’s evaluations were performed for the tax years ended December 31, 2017. As of December 31, 2017, the returns for calendar year 2016 remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions.
Self-Management Transaction.
The Company intends, although is not legally obligated, to continue to make regular monthly distributions to holders of its shares at least at the level required to maintain REIT status unless the results of operations, general financial condition, general economic conditions or other factors
inhibitsinhibit the Company from doing so. Distributions are authorized at the discretion of the Company’s board of directors, which is directed, in substantial part, by its obligation to cause the Company to comply with the REIT requirements of the Internal Revenue Code. To the extent declared by the board of directors,
through December 31, 2017 distributions are payable on the
10th25th day of the following
month declared.month. Should the
10th day fall on a weekend, distributions were expected to be paid on the first business day thereafter. Effective on January 19, 2018, to the extent distributions are declared by the board of directors, they are payable on the 25th day of the following month declared. Should the 25th25th day fall on a weekend, distributions are
expected to be paidpayable on the first business day thereafter.
In 2017 and 2016, the Company paid all of its dividends in cash.
The following presents the
U.S. federal income tax characterization of the distributions paid:
| | | Years ended December 31 | |
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| Ordinary income | | $ | 0.111 | | | $ | 0.000 | |
| Non-taxable distribution | | | 0.589 | | | | 0.320 | |
Total | | $ | 0.700 | | | $ | 0.320 | |
Dividend
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended December 31 |
| 2020 | | 2019 |
| Ordinary income | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0.3825 | |
| Non-taxable distribution | 1.4600 | | | 1.7280 | |
| Total | $ | 1.4600 | | | $ | 2.1105 | |
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
The Company has adopted a dividend reinvestment plan (“DRP”)the DRP through which common stockholders may elect to reinvest any amount up to the distributions declared on their shares in additional shares of the Company’s common stock in lieu of receiving cash distributions. Through January 21, 2021, stockholders could reinvest any amount up to the amount of the distribution. Effective January 22, 2021, the Company removed the ability of its stockholders to elect to reinvest only a portion of their cash distributions in shares through the DRP so that investors who elect to participate in the amended and restated DRP must reinvest all cash distributions in shares (see Note 11).
Participants in the dividend reinvestment plan willDRP acquire common stock at a price per share equal to the price to acquire amost recently disclosed estimated NAV per share, as determined by the Company’s board of common stock in the Primary Offering.directors. The initial price of the Registered DRP Offering was $30.00 per share in(adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) used through January 18, 2018. The Registered DRP Offering and as of the date of these financial statements, is $10.00 per share. The price is expected to adjustadjusts during the course of the Registered DRP Offering on at least an annual basis to equal the estimated Net Asset Value (“NAV”)then current NAV per share. Effective January 19, 2018, the offeringRegistered DRP Offering price was adjusted torevised based on the estimated NAV to $30.15 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split); effective January 14, 2019, the Registered DRP Offering price was revised based on the estimated NAV to $30.48 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split); and effective February 1, 2020, the Registered DRP Offering price was revised based on the estimated NAV to $30.81 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split).
As a result of the significant economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, on May 20, 2020, the Company’s board of directors approved and established an updated estimated NAV per share of the Company’s common stock of $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) to reflect the Company's valuation of its real estate assets, debt and other assets and liabilities as of April 30, 2020. Effective with the distribution to stockholders on May 26, 2020, the Registered DRP Offering price was revised based on the estimated NAV to $21.01 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). Effective on February 1, 2021, the Registered DRP Offering price was revised based on the estimated NAV to $23.03 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split).
The Company has adopted a share repurchase program that enables
qualifying stockholders to sell their stock to the Company in limited circumstances.
Shares of Class C common stock must be held for 90 days after they have been issued to the applicable stockholder for shares issued prior to February 1, 2021 and six months for shares issued thereafter before the Company will accept requests for repurchase, except for shares acquired pursuant to the Company’s DRP if the applicable stockholder has held its initial investment for at least 90 days for shares issued prior to February 1, 2021 and six months for shares issued thereafter. The Company may, subject to the conditions and limitations described below, repurchase the shares presented to it for cash to the extent the Company has sufficient funds available to fund such repurchases.
In accordance with the Company’s share repurchase program for its Class C common stock, prior to February 1, 2021 the per share repurchase price depended on the length of time the redeeming stockholder held such shares as follows:
(i) less than one year from the purchase date, 97% of the most recently published NAV per share;
(ii) after at least one year but less than two years from the purchase date, 98% of the most recently published NAV per share;
(iii) after at least two years but less than three years from the purchase date, 99% of the most recently published NAV per share; and
(iv) after at least three years from the purchase date, 100% of the most recently published NAV per share.
Effective February 1, 2021, the per share repurchase price depends on the following length of time the redeeming stockholder has held such shares:
(i) less than two years from the purchase date, 98% of the most recently published NAV per share; and
(ii) after at least two years from the purchase date, 100% of the most recently published NAV per share.
The Company’s most recently published NAV, effective as of February 1, 2021, is $23.03 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). Prior to February 1, 2021, repurchases under the share repurchase program of the Company’s Class C common stock were made based on the original Primary Offering price of $30.00 (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) through January 18, 2018; then based on the estimated NAV of $30.15 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) effective January 19, 2018 through January 13, 2019; then based on the estimated NAV of $30.48 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) effective January 14, 2019 through January 31, 2020; then based on the estimated NAV of $30.81 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) effective February 1, 2020 through May 19, 2020; and then based on the estimated NAV of $21.01 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) effective May 20, 2020 through January 31, 2021, subject to the same discounts for the length of time such shares were held as described above.
In accordance with the Company’s share repurchase program for its Class S common stock, shares of Class S common stock are not eligible for repurchase unless they have been held for at least one year. After this holding period has been met, the Company will accept requests for repurchase of Class S shares at the most recently published NAV per share, which, effective as of February 1, 2021, is $23.03 per share (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split).
Stockholders who wish to avail themselves of the share repurchase program must notify the Company by
threetwo business days before the end of the month for their shares to be
repurchasedconsidered for repurchase by the third business day of the following month.
The share repurchase program provides that share repurchases may be funded by (a) distribution reinvestment proceeds, (b) the prior or future sale of shares, (c) indebtedness, including a line of credit and traditional mortgage financing, and (d) asset sales.The Company records amounts that are redeemable under the share repurchase program as redeemable common stock in its consolidated balance sheets because the shares are redeemable at the option of the holder and therefore their redemption is outside the control of the Company.
The maximum amount redeemable underTherefore, the
Company’s share repurchase program at December 31, 2017 was limited to the number of shares the Company
could redeem with the amount of the net proceeds from the sale of subject to 5% of the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the prior 12 months.When the Company determines it has a mandatory obligation to repurchase shares under the share repurchase program, it reclassifies such obligations from temporary equity to a liability based upon their respective settlement values.
As
From inception through December 31,
2017, 303,0042020, 1,482,188 shares
had been tendered(adjusted for
redemptionthe 1:3 reverse stock split) were repurchased by the Company, which represented
all redemptionapproved repurchase requests received in good order and eligible for redemption through December 31,
2017. All of these shares had been redeemed except for the 39,731 of shares in connection with the repurchase requests that were made in December 2017 and were repurchased on January 4, 2018.2020. These shares were repurchased with the proceeds from
reinvested dividends at 97%debt financings, proceeds from sale of
real estate properties and the
pre-NAV $10.00 priceRegistered Offerings based on the NAV per share
duringat the
12-month periodtime of repurchase and
98% of the pre-NAV $10.00 price per share during the 12- to 24-month period following a stockholder’s investment in
the shares.In accordance with the Company’s share repurchase program for its Class C common stock, the per share repurchase price depends on the lengthschedule of time the redeeming stockholder has held such shares as follows: less than one year from the purchase date, 97% of the most recently published NAV per share; after at least one year but less than two years from the purchase date, 98% of the most recently published NAV per share; after at least two years but less than three years from the purchase date, 99% of the most recently published NAV per share; and after three years from the purchase date, 100% of the most recently published NAV per share. The Company’s most recently published NAV per share effective as of January 19, 2018 is $10.05. Prior to January 19, 2018, repurchases under the share repurchase program of shares of the Company’s Class C common stock were made based on its initial offering price of $10.00 per share, subject to the same discounts for the length of time such shares were held as described above.
In accordance with the Company’s share repurchase program for its Class S common stock, shares of Class S common stock are not eligible for repurchase unless they have been held for at least one year. After this holding period has been met, Class S shares can be redeemed at the most recently published NAV, which is currently $10.05.
Limitations on Repurchase
The Company may, but
areis not required to, use available cash not otherwise dedicated to a particular use to pay the repurchase price, including cash proceeds generated from the
dividend reinvestment plan,DRP, securities offerings, operating cash flow not intended for distributions,
borrowingsdebt financings and
capital transactions, such as asset
sales or loan refinancings.sales. The Company cannot guarantee that it will have sufficient available cash to accommodate all repurchase requests made in any given month.
In addition, the Company may not repurchase shares in an amount that would violate the restrictions on distributions under Maryland law, which prohibits distributions that would cause a corporation to fail to meet statutory tests of solvency.
Additional limitations on share repurchases under the share repurchase
programprograms are as follows:
Post-NAV Calculation
Following the initial calculation•Repurchases per month are limited to no more than 2% of the Company’s most recently determined aggregate NAV, andwhich the Company currently intends to calculate on a quarterly basis within 45 days after the end of each quarter, barring any extenuating circumstances (and calculated as of the last day of the immediately preceding quarter). Repurchases for any calendar quarter are limited to no more than 5% of the Company’s most recently determined aggregate NAV, per share which occurred in January 2018,means the Company is subjectpermitted to repurchase shares with a value of up to an aggregate limit of approximately 20% of its aggregate NAV in any 12-month period.
•The foregoing repurchase limitations will be based on “net repurchases” during a quarter or month, as applicable. The term “net repurchases” means the followingexcess of the Company’s share repurchases (capital outflows) over the proceeds from the sale of its shares (capital inflows) for a given period. Thus, for any given calendar quarter or month, the maximum amount of repurchases during that quarter or month will be equal to (1) 5% or 2% (as applicable) of the Company’s most recently determined aggregate NAV, plus (2) proceeds from sales of new shares in the current offering (including purchases pursuant to its DRP) since the beginning of a current calendar quarter or month, less (3) repurchase proceeds paid since the beginning of the current calendar quarter or month.
•While the Company currently intends to calculate the foregoing repurchase limitations on a net basis, the Company’s board of directors may choose whether the 5% quarterly limit will be applied to “gross repurchases,” meaning that amounts paid to repurchase shares would not be netted against capital inflows. If repurchases for a given quarter are measured on a gross basis rather than on a net basis, the 5% quarterly limit could limit the number of shares itrepurchased in a given quarter despite the Company receiving a net capital inflow for that quarter.
•In order for the Company’s board of directors to change the basis of repurchases from net to gross, or vice versa, the Company will provide notice to its stockholders in a supplement to the prospectus or offering memorandum for the offering of shares or current or periodic report filed with the SEC, as well as in a press release or on its website, at least 10 days before the first business day of the quarter for which the new test will apply. The determination to measure repurchases on a gross basis, or vice versa, will only be made for an entire quarter, and not particular months within a quarter.
See Note 11 for more details of the Company's amended and restated share repurchase programs.
Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock Unit Awards
The fair values of the Operating Partnership's units or restricted stock unit awards issued or granted by the Company are based on the most recent NAV per share of the Company’s common stock on the date of issuance or grant. Operating Partnership units issued as purchase consideration in connection with the Self-Management Transaction discussed in Note 3 are recorded in equity under noncontrolling interest in the Operating Partnership in the Company's consolidated balance sheet and statement of equity as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019. For units granted to employees of the Company that are not included in the purchase consideration, the fair value of the award is amortized using the straight-line method over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period (see Note 3).
The Company determines the accounting classification of equity instruments (e.g., restricted stock units) that are issued as purchase consideration or part of the purchase consideration in a business combination, as either liability or equity, by first assessing whether the equity instruments meet liability classification in accordance with ASC 480-10, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity (“ASC 480-10”), and then in accordance with ASC 815-40, Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock (“ASC 815-40”). Under ASC 480-10, equity instruments are classified as liabilities if the equity instruments are mandatorily redeemable, obligate the issuer to settle the equity instruments or the underlying shares by paying cash or other assets, or must or may repurchaserequire an unconditional obligation that must be settled by issuing a variable number of shares.
If equity instruments do not meet liability classification under
ASC 480-10, the
program: | · | Repurchases per month will be limited to no more than 2% of the Company’s most recently determined aggregate NAV, which the Company currently intends to calculate on an annual basis, in January of each year (and calculated as of December 31 of the immediately preceding year). Repurchases for any calendar quarter will be limited to no more than 5% of the Company’s most recently determined aggregate NAV, which means the Company will be permitted to repurchase shares with a value of up to an aggregate limit of approximately 20% of its aggregate NAV in any 12-month period. |
| | |
| · | The Company currently intends that the foregoing repurchase limitations will be based on “net repurchases” during a quarter or month, as applicable. The term “net repurchases” means the excess of the Company’s share repurchases (capital outflows) over the proceeds from the sale of its shares (capital inflows) for a given period. Thus, for any given calendar quarter or month, the maximum amount of repurchases during that quarter or month will be equal to (1) 5% or 2% (as applicable) of the Company’s most recently determined aggregate NAV, plus (2) proceeds from sales of new shares in the offering (including purchases pursuant to its dividend reinvestment plan) since the beginning of a current calendar quarter or month, less (3) repurchase proceeds paid since the beginning of the current calendar quarter or month. |
| | |
| · | While the Company currently intends to calculate the foregoing repurchase limitations on a net basis, the Company’s board of directors may choose whether the 5% quarterly limit will be applied to “gross repurchases,” meaning that amounts paid to repurchase shares would not be netted against capital inflows. If repurchases for a given quarter are measured on a gross basis rather than on a net basis, the 5% quarterly limit could limit the number of shares redeemed in a given quarter despite us receiving a net capital inflow for that quarter. |
| | |
| · | In order for the Company’s board of directors to change the basis of repurchases from net to gross, or vice versa, the Company will provide notice to its stockholders in a prospectus supplement to the prospectus for the Registered Offering or current or periodic report filed with the SEC, as well as in a press release or on its website, at least 10 days before the first business day of the quarter for which the new test will apply. The determination to measure repurchases on a gross basis, or vice versa, will only be made for an entire quarter, and not particular months within a quarter. |
Company assesses the requirements under ASC 815-40, which states that contracts that require or may require the issuer to settle the contract for cash are liabilities recorded at fair value, irrespective of the likelihood of the transaction occurring that triggers the net cash settlement feature. If the equity instruments do not require liability classification under ASC 815-40, in order to conclude equity classification, the Company assesses whether the equity instruments are indexed to its common stock and whether the equity instruments are classified as equity under ASC 815-40 or other applicable GAAP guidance. After all relevant assessments are made, the Company concludes whether the equity instruments are classified as liability or equity. Liability classified equity instruments are required to be accounted for at fair value both on the date of issuance and on subsequent accounting period ending dates, with all changes in fair value after the issuance date recorded in the statements of operations as a gain or loss. Equity classified equity instruments are accounted for at fair value on the issuance date with no changes in fair value recognized after the issuance date.
The Company has invested in single-tenant income-producing
Properties.properties. The Company’s real estate
Propertiesproperties exhibit similar long-term financial performance and have similar economic characteristics to each
other.other and are managed as one unit by a common management team. As of December 31,
2017,2020 and 2019, the Company aggregated its investments in real estate into
one1 reportable segment.
Per Share Data
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share of common stock equals basic earnings per share of common stock as there were no potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.
We have presented earnings (loss) per share amounts on the accompanying statements of operations for Class C and S share classes as a combined common share class. Application of the two-class method for the allocating earnings (loss) in accordance with the provisions of ASC 260,Earnings per Share, would have resulted in a net loss per share of $(0.15) per share for Class C shares and $(0.46) per share for Class S shares for the year ended December 31, 2017. The differences in earnings (loss) per share if allocated under this method primarily reflects the lower effective dividends per share for Class S shareholders as a result of the payment of the deferred commission to the Class S distributor of these shares, and also reflects the impact of the timing of the declaration of the dividends relative to the time the shares were outstanding.
Distributions declared per share of Class C common stock were $0.700 and $0.320 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Distributions declared per share of Class S common stock were $0.175 for the three months ended December 31, 2017. The distribution paid per share of Class S common stock is net of the deferred selling commission.
Square Footage, Occupancy and Other Measures
Square footage, occupancy and other measures used to describe real estate investments included in the
Notesnotes to
Consolidated Financial Statementsconsolidated financial statements are presented on an unaudited basis.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2016 consolidated financial statements to conform with the 2017 consolidated financial statements presentation.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
New Accounting Standards Issued and Adopted
In August 2014,2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15,Presentation2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework -Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU No. 2018-13”). ASU No. 2018-13 removes the requirement to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the policy for the timing of transfers between levels and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. It also adds a requirement to disclose changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and to disclose the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop recurring and nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements. For certain unobservable inputs, entities may disclose other quantitative information in lieu of the weighted average if the other quantitative information would be a more reasonable and rational method to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs used to develop the Level 3 fair value measurement. In addition, public entities are required to provide information about the measurement uncertainty of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements from the use of significant unobservable inputs if those inputs reasonably could have been different at the reporting date. ASU No. 2018-13 is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2020. Entities were permitted to early adopt either the entire standard or only the provisions that eliminate or modify the requirements. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-13 on January 1, 2020 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In April 2020, the FASB issued a FASB Staff Q&A related to Topic 842 and Topic 840: Accounting for Lease Concessions Related to the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic (the “Topic 842 Q&A”). The Company adopted the lease accounting standards of Topic 842 beginning January 1, 2019. Under Topic 842, subsequent changes to lease payments that are not stipulated in the original lease contract are generally accounted for as lease modifications. Some contracts may contain explicit or implicit enforceable rights and obligations that require lease concessions if certain circumstances arise that are beyond the control of the parties to the contract. If a lease contract provides enforceable rights and obligations for concessions in the contract and no changes are made to that contract, the concessions are not accounted for under the lease modification guidance in Topic 842. If concessions granted by lessors are beyond the enforceable rights and obligations in the contract, entities would generally account for those concessions in accordance with the lease modification guidance in Topic 842.
Because of the unprecedented and global nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, the FASB staff is aware that it may be exceedingly challenging for entities to determine whether existing contracts provide enforceable rights and obligations for lease concessions and whether those concessions are consistent with the terms of the contract or are modifications to the contract. As such, the FASB staff believes that it would be acceptable for entities to make an election to account for lease concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic consistent with how those concessions would be accounted for under Topic 842, as though enforceable rights and obligations for those concessions existed (regardless of whether those enforceable rights and obligations for the concessions explicitly exist in the contract). Consequently, for concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, an entity will not have to analyze each contract to determine whether enforceable rights and obligations for concessions exist in the contract and can elect to apply or not apply the lease modification guidance in Topic 842 to those contracts. This election is available for concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic that do not result in a substantial increase in the rights of the lessor or the obligations of the lessee. For example, this election is available for concessions that result in the total payments required by the modified contract being substantially the same as or less than total payments required by the original contract. The FASB staff expects that reasonable judgment will be exercised in making those determinations. Some concessions will provide a deferral of payments with no substantive changes to the consideration in the original contract. A deferral affects the timing, but the amount of the consideration is substantially the same as that required by the original contract.
The FASB staff expects that there will be multiple ways to account for those deferrals, none of which the FASB staff believes are more preferable than the others. Two of those methods are: (1) account for the concessions as if no changes to the lease contract were made; under that accounting, a lessor would increase its lease receivable, and a lessee would increase its accounts payable as receivables/payments accrue; in its income statement, a lessor would continue to recognize income, and a lessee would continue to recognize expense during the deferral period; and (2) account for the deferred payments as variable lease payments.
The Company has elected to utilize the method wherein the concessions result in additional lease receivable during the deferral period as available under the Topic 842 Q&A for lease concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company's lease concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in additional receivables during the deferral periods which have all been collected as of December 31, 2020. Due to the continuing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, there may be subsequent impacts from future tenant requests for lease concessions or deferrals for future periods. The Company maintains an inventory of tenants which have or are expected to request lease concessions. Future lease concessions may have an impact on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations, but the ultimate impact will largely depend on future developments with respect to the continued spread and treatment of COVID-19, which the Company cannot accurately predict at this time.
New Accounting Standards Issued and Not Yet Adopted
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Statements (Subtopic 205-40), DisclosureReporting (“ASU 2020-04”). ASU 2020-04 eases the potential burden in accounting for recognizing the effects of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Abilityreference rate reform on financial reporting. Such challenges include the accounting and operational implications for contract modifications and hedge accounting. ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to Continueloan and lease agreements, contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform. These provisions apply to contract modifications that reference the London Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discounted because of reference rate reform.
Qualifying modifications of loan agreements should be accounted for by prospectively adjusting the effective interest rate, and the modification would be considered “minor” so that any existing unamortized deferred loan origination fees and costs would carry forward and continue to be amortized. Qualifying modifications of lease agreements should be accounted for as a Going Concern(“continuation of the existing agreement with no reassessments of the lease classification and the discount rate or remeasurements of lease payments that otherwise would be required for modifications not accounted for as separate contracts. ASU 2014-15”). The amendments in2020-04 also provides numerous optional expedients for hedge accounting. ASU 2014-15 require management2020-04 is effective as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022, with adoption permitted as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or is subsequent to evaluate, for each annual andMarch 12, 2020, or prospectively from a date within an interim reporting period whether there are conditionsthat includes or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about an entity’s abilityis subsequent to continue as a going concern within one year afterMarch 12, 2020, up to the date that the financial statements are issued (or are available to be issued when applicable) and, if so, provide related disclosures.issued. Once elected, the amendments must be applied prospectively for all eligible contract modifications. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that ASU 2014-15 is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within annual period beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted for annual or interim reporting periods for which the financial statements2020-04 will have not previously been issued. Effective October 1, 2016, the Company adopted ASU 2014-15 and it did not impacton the Company’s consolidated financial statementsstatements.
NOTE 3. MERGER AND SELF-MANAGEMENT TRANSACTION
REIT I Merger Transaction
On December 31, 2019, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Company completed the acquisition of REIT I. The Company's stockholders approved the Merger contemplated by the Merger Agreement at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on December 17, 2019 (the “Annual Meeting”). The shareholders of REIT I approved the Merger contemplated by the Merger Agreement at REIT I’s Special Meeting of Shareholders, also held on December 17, 2019. On December 31, 2019, REIT I merged with and into Merger Sub, which survived the Merger as the Company's direct, wholly-owned subsidiary. At such time, the separate existence of REIT I ceased. The acquisition primarily included 20 single-tenant commercial properties and related tenant receivables, mortgage notes payable and accounts payable, in exchange for Merger consideration for each of REIT I's common shares (the “REIT I Common Shares”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Merger, other than the REIT I Common Shares owned by the Company, which were automatically canceled and retired, and converted into the right to receive one share of the Company's Class C common stock, with any fractional REIT I Common Shares converted into a corresponding number of fractional shares of the Company’s Class C common stock. As a result, the Company issued 2,680,740.5 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of its Class C common stock to former shareholders of REIT I. As further discussed in Note 5, prior to the merger of REIT I with and into Merger Sub on December 31, 2019, the Company had an approximate 4.8% ownership interest in REIT I.
Accounting Treatment
While the Merger transaction was treated legally as a merger of the two entities, for accounting purposes, the transaction was treated as an asset acquisition under GAAP because REIT I did not possess the capability to operate its properties to generate revenue since it had no workforce. It was dependent on its advisor and did not possess the processes to perform asset management, property purchase and sale transactions or
disclosures.In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01,Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition ofresulting revenue generation on a Business (“ASU 2017-01”), which amends the guidance usedstand-alone basis. The real estate assets acquired are similar in evaluating whether a set of acquired assetsnature to each other and activities represents a business. The guidance required an entity to evaluate ifrepresent substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquitted is concentrated inacquired. While there are some dissimilarities, including the nature of the use (retail, industrial and office), each of the properties was subject to a multi-year lease with a single identifiable assetcreditworthy tenant and the properties had similar risk profiles, generally including a mortgage secured only by the property. In addition, 17 of a groupthe 20 properties (approximately 93% by value as of similar identifiable assets; if so, the settransaction date) were located in California and therefore subject to California law. Further, all properties were managed without on-site offices. Also, as Merger Sub, not REIT I, was the surviving entity, there was no entity level debt and there was 0 contingent consideration paid, as would be typical in the purchase of transferredan operating business.
The assets and activities is not considered a business. Applicationliabilities acquired in the Merger were recorded at their estimated fair value as determined as of ASU 2017-01 is expected to result in more acquisitionsDecember 31, 2019, including normal adjustments for the values of real estate to be accounted for as asset acquisitions as opposed to business combinations. As a result, acquisition feeslease-in-place and expenses will beabove/below market leases and premium/discount on outstanding mortgage notes payable. The Company incurred approximately $3,044,000 of acquisition-related transaction costs during 2019. These acquisition-related transaction costs were capitalized to the cost basisacquired real estate assets. As the transaction closed on the final day of the propertyyear, the Merger did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Purchase Price Allocation
The Company accounted for the Merger in accordance with the accounting standards codification guidance for business combinations, whereby the total purchase price was allocated to the acquired and thenet tangible and intangible components acquired will be reportedassets based on their relativeestimated fair values as of the acquisitionclosing date. The standard is effectiveAs of December 31, 2019, the Company had substantially completed its process for all public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted for periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The Company elected to early adoptmeasuring the provisionsfair values of ASU 2017-01the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on information available as of October 1, 2016. the closing date.
The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to the fair values assigned to the REIT I assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of December 31, 2019, the Merger closing date. These fair values are based on internal Company and independent external third-party valuations:
| | | | | | | | |
| Fair Values Assigned | | December 31,
2019 |
| Assets: | | |
| Real estate property, including above/below lease intangibles | | $ | 151,099,097 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | 1,612,331 | |
| Tenant receivable | | 310,169 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | | 51,924 | |
| Liabilities: | | |
| Mortgage notes payable, net | | (62,985,425) | |
| Accounts payable and other liabilities | | (2,243,156) | |
| Net | | 87,844,940 | |
| Less: Cancellation of investment in REIT I (Note 5) | | (3,091,489) | |
| Capitalized transaction-related costs | | (3,044,480) | |
| Net Assets Acquired | | $ | 81,708,971 | |
Self-Management Transaction
On September 19, 2019, the Company, the Operating Partnership, BrixInvest and Daisho entered into the Contribution Agreement pursuant to which the Company agreed to acquire substantially all of the net assets of BrixInvest in exchange for 657,949.5 Class M OP Units in the Operating Partnership and assumed certain liabilities. On December 31, 2019, the Self-Management Transaction was completed.
Prior to the closing of the Self-Management Transaction: (i) substantially all of BrixInvest’s assets and liabilities were contributed to Daisho’s wholly-owned subsidiary, modiv, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“modiv, LLC”); and (ii) BrixInvest spun off Daisho to the BrixInvest members (the “Spin Off”). Pursuant to the Self-Management Transaction, Daisho contributed to the Operating Partnership all of the membership interests in modiv, LLC in exchange for the Class M OP Units.
As a result of the
adoptionSelf-Management Transaction, BrixInvest, through its subsidiary, Daisho, transferred all of
ASU 2017-01, the Company’s real estate acquisitions during the three months ended December 31, 2016 and year ended December 31, 2017 were determined to be asset acquisitions, and acquisition feed and expenses related to these acquisitions were capitalized.In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15,Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments(ASU 2016-15), which clarifies how entities should classify certain cash receipts and cash payments on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 addresses certain issues where diversityits operating assets, including but not limited to: (i) all personal property used in practice was identified. It amends existing guidance, which is principles based and often required judgment to determine the appropriate classification of cash flows as operation, investing or financing activities. In addition, ASU 2016-15 clarifies how the predominance principle should be applied when cash receipts and cash payment have aspects of more than one class of cash flows. On January 1, 2017, the Company early adopted this standard in its entirety on retrospective basis and determined that the only clarification to significantly impact the Company was the classification of distributions received from the Company’s equity investment in Rich Uncles REIT I. The update allowsnecessary for the electionconduct of BrixInvest’s business; (ii) intellectual property, goodwill, licenses and sublicenses granted and obtained with respect thereto and certain domain names; (iii) all continuing employees and (iv) certain other assets and liabilities, to classify distributions received from equity method investments based on either a cumulative earnings approach or a nature of distribution approach. The Company has elected the naturemodiv, LLC and distributed 100% of the distribution approach,ownership interests in which cash flows generated fromDaisho to the members of BrixInvest in the Spin Off.
BrixInvest had been engaged in the business of serving as the sponsor platform supporting the operations of an unconsolidated entity are classifiedthe Company, REIT I and, prior to October 28, 2019, BRIX REIT, Inc. (“BRIX REIT”), including serving, directly or indirectly, as a return on investment (cash inflow from operating activities)advisor and cash flows that were generated from property sales, debt financing or sales ofmanager to the Company’s investments are classified as a return of investment (cash inflows from investing activities). The Company, adopted this approach based on the information available to us to determine the nature of the underlying activity that generated the distributions from unconsolidated entities. REIT I and, until October 28, 2019, BRIX REIT.
As a result of adopting ASU 2016-15, $37,554the Merger and the Self-Management Transaction, effective December 31, 2019, the Company, its Former Advisor and BrixInvest, which wholly owned the Company's Former Advisor, mutually agreed to terminate the Advisory Agreement, and the Company became self-managed. Accordingly, disclosures with regard to the Advisory Agreement elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K pertain only to transactions with the Company's Former Advisor through December 31, 2019.
Amendments to Operating Partnership Agreement
On December 31, 2019, the Company, the Operating Partnership and NNN LP entered into the Second Amended and Restated Agreement of distributionsLimited Partnership (the “Amended OP Agreement”), which amended the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Operating Partnership dated August 11, 2017. The amendments included amending the name of the Operating Partnership from investments“Rich Uncles NNN Operating Partnership, LP” to “RW Holdings NNN REIT Operating Partnership, LP” and providing the terms of the Class M OP Units and Class P OP Units issued in unconsolidated entities was reclassifiedconnection with the Self-Management Transaction and further described below.
The Class M OP Units were issued to Daisho on December 31, 2019 in connection with the Self-Management Transaction and are non-voting, non-dividend accruing, and were not able to be converted or exchanged prior to the one-year anniversary of the completion of the Self-Management Transaction. Investors holding units in BrixInvest received Daisho units in a ratio of 1:1 for an aggregate of 657,949.5 Daisho units. During 2020, Daisho distributed the Class M OP Units to its members and the Class M OP Units will become convertible into units of Class C limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership (“Class C OP Units”) at a conversion ratio of 1.6667 Class C OP Units (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) for each one Class M OP Unit, subject to a reduction in the conversion ratio (which reduction will vary depending upon the amount of time held) if the exchange occurs prior to the four-year anniversary of the completion of the Self-Management Transaction. In the event that the Class M OP Units are converted into Class C OP Units prior to December 31, 2023, such Class M OP Units shall be exchanged at the rate indicated below:
| | | | | | | | |
| Date of Exchange | | Early Conversion Rate |
| From December 31, 2020 to December 30, 2021 | | 50% of the Class M conversion ratio |
| From December 31, 2021 to December 30, 2022 | | 60% of the Class M conversion ratio |
| From December 31, 2022 to December 30, 2023 | | 70% of the Class M conversion ratio |
The Class M OP Units are eligible for an increase in the conversion ratio (conversion ratio enhancement) if the Company achieves both of the targets for assets under management (“AUM”) and adjusted funds from operations (“AFFO”) in a given year as set forth below and as adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Hurdles | | |
| AUM | | AFFO | | Class M |
| ($ in billions) | | Per Share ($) | | Conversion Ratio |
| Initial Conversion Ratio | | | | | 1:1.6667 |
| Fiscal Year 2021 | $ | 0.860 | | | $ | 1.77 | | | 1:1.9167 |
| Fiscal Year 2022 | $ | 1.175 | | | $ | 1.95 | | | 1:2.5000 |
| Fiscal Year 2023 | $ | 1.551 | | | $ | 2.10 | | | 1:3.0000 |
Based on the current conversion ratio of 1.6667 Class C OP Units (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) for each one Class M OP Unit, if a Class M OP Unit is converted on or after December 31, 2023, and based on the NAV per share of $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) as of December 31, 2020, a Class M OP Unit would be valued at $35.02 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). The current NAV does not impact the early conversion rate or the future conversion enhancement ratio of the Class M OP Units and Class P OP Units.
The Company also issued a portion of the Class P OP Units described below in connection with the Self-Management Transaction. The Class P OP Units are intended to be treated as “profits interests” in the Operating Partnership, which are non-voting, non-dividend accruing, and are not able to be transferred or exchanged prior to the earlier of (1) March 31, 2024, (2) a change of control (as defined in the Amended OP Agreement), or (3) the date of the recipient's involuntary termination (as defined in the relevant award agreement for the Class P OP Units) (collectively, the “Lockup Period”). Following the expiration of the Lockup Period, the Class P OP Units are convertible into Class C OP Units at a conversion ratio of 1.6667 Class C OP Units (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) for each one Class P OP Unit; provided, however, that the foregoing conversion ratio shall be subject to increase on generally the same terms and conditions as the Class M OP Units, as set forth above.
The Company issued a total of 56,029 Class P OP Units to Messrs. Halfacre and Raymond J. Pacini, the Company's Chief Financial Officer, including 26,318 Class P OP Units issued in exchange for Messrs. Halfacre's and Pacini's agreements to forfeit a similar number of restricted units in BrixInvest in connection with the Self-Management Transaction. The remaining 29,711 Class P OP Units were issued to these executives as a portion of their incentive compensation for 2020 in connection with their entry into restrictive covenant agreements. The 29,711 Class P OP Units were valued based on the estimated NAV per share of $30.48 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) when issued on December 31, 2019 and the expected minimum conversion ratio of 1.6667 Class C OP Units (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split)for each one Class P OP Unit, which resulted in a valuation of $1,509,319. This amount is amortized on a straight-line basis over 51 months through March 31, 2024, the expected vesting date of the units, as a periodic charge to stock compensation expense. During the year ended December 31, 20162020, the Company amortized and charged $355,133 to stock compensation expense. The unamortized value of these units was $1,154,186 as of December 31, 2020.
Under the Amended OP Agreement, once the Class M OP Units or Class P OP Units are converted into Class C OP Units, they will be exchangeable for the Company’s shares of Class C common stock on a 1-for-1 basis, or for cash at the sole and absolute discretion of the Company. The Company recorded the ownership interest of the Class M OP Units and Class P OP Units as a noncontrolling interest in the Operating Partnership representing a combined total of approximately 13% of equity in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2019.
On February 1, 2021, the Company, the Operating Partnership and the limited partners of the Operating Partnership entered into the Third Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership, which further amended the Amended OP Agreement dated December 31, 2019. The amendments included amending the name of the Operating Partnership from “RW Holdings NNN REIT Operating Partnership, LP” to “Modiv Operating Partnership, LP” and providing the terms of the Class R OP Units granted to employees as further described in Note 11.
Registration Rights Agreement
On December 31, 2019, the Company, the Operating Partnership and Daisho entered into a Registration Rights Agreement pursuant to which Daisho (or any successor holder) has the right, after one year from the date of the Self-Management Transaction, to request that the Company register for resale under the Securities Act shares of the Company's Class C common stock issued or issuable to such holder in exchange for the Class C OP Units as described above.
Accounting Treatment
In accordance with GAAP, the Company accounted for the Self-Management Transaction as an acquisition of a business in accordance with the accounting standards codification guidance for business combinations because the parties to the transaction were not under common control and the acquisition was for an integrated set of activities and assets, consisting of inputs (executives and staff with knowledge and experience) and processes (operating a real estate investment trust and online investor website platform) that contribute to the creation of outputs (real estate transactions, asset management and generation of investors). Therefore, the total consideration transferred was allocated to the acquired net tangible and intangible assets based on their estimated fair values as of December 31, 2019.
The fair value measurement of the consideration transferred is based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represent a Level 3 measurement as discussed in Note 2. The key assumptions used in estimating the fair value of the Class M OP Units and the Class P OP Units included projections for (i) property acquisitions and changes in property values, (ii) new investors, and (iii) follow on investments by existing stockholders. The consideration transferred in the Self-Management Transaction was determined to have a fair value of $50,603,000 as of December 31, 2019 based on a probability weighted analysis of achieving the requisite AUM and AFFO hurdles. The Class M OP Units and the 26,318 Class P OP Units issued in connection with the Self-Management Transaction are treated as permanent equity of the Company for accounting purposes because the Class M OP Units and the Class P OP Units are not mandatorily redeemable by the Company. In addition, there is no unconditional obligation to issue a variable number of shares; the Class M OP Units and the Class P OP Units are issued in the form of shares and as such would not represent a financial instrument other than an outstanding share that embodies a conditional obligation and they do not possess the characteristics of freestanding derivatives. Moreover, they are not redeemable for cash or other assets at the option of the holder or upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the Company. The Class M OP Units and the Class P OP Units are a single financial instrument, including the conversion ratio enhancement, which cannot be detached and is not separately exercisable.
As of December 31, 2019, the Company has substantially completed its process for measuring the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on information available as of the closing date. The Company incurred $1,468,913 in costs in connection with the Self-Management Transaction, which are included in the accompanying consolidated statement of
cash flows from cash flows from investing activities to cash flows from operating activities.In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No 2016-18,Statement of Cash Flow Topics (Topic 230): Restricted Cash(“ASU 2016-18”). ASU 2016-18 requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning of period and end of period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flow, and transfer between cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are no longer presented within the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2016-18operations for the reporting periodyear ended December 31, 20162019 and an additional $201,920 in post-closing costs incurred during the year ended December 31, 2020.
Purchase Price Allocation
The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to the fair values assigned to the BrixInvest assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of December 31, 2019, the closing date of the Self-Management Transaction. These fair values are based on internal Company and independent external third-party valuations:
| | | | | | | | |
| Fair Values Assigned | | December 31,
2019 |
| Assets: | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | (204,176) | |
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | | (305,212) | |
| Operating lease right-of-use asset | | (2,386,877) | |
| Intangible assets | | (7,700,000) | |
| Liabilities: | | |
| Short-term notes payable | | 4,800,000 | |
| Due to affiliates | | 630,820 | |
| Bank line of credit | | 800,000 | |
| Accounts payable and other liabilities | | 2,070,968 | |
| Operating lease liability | | 2,386,877 | |
| Net | | 92,400 | |
| Add: Cancellation of investment in the Company | | (107,400) | |
| Less: Contribution of Class M OP Units and Class P OP Units | | 50,603,000 | |
| Goodwill | | $ | (50,588,000) | |
Prior to the closing of the Self-Management Transaction, BrixInvest held 3,580 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock in the Company, purchased at $30.00 per share (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). These shares were canceled in connection with the Self-Management Transaction.
Goodwill
The goodwill recognized was primarily attributable to the Company's ability to be self-managed, the value of the workforce which could facilitate growth opportunities from both existing and new investment income streams and the standardability to offer new products, the investor platform acquired from BrixInvest and its expected synergies resulting from the Self-Management Transaction and the Merger. Key areas of expected cost synergies included increased purchasing power for acquiring properties, lower financing costs and administrative efficiencies. Goodwill was adopted retrospectivelyexpected to be mostly non-deductible for all periods presented.tax purposes. As a resultpermitted under ASC 805 for business combinations, the Company recorded goodwill because the purchase price of the adoptionSelf-Management Transaction exceeded the estimated fair value of ASU 2016-18,net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired.
However, the Company no longer presents the change within restricted cashcurrent COVID-19 pandemic in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Therefore, $245,604 of restricted cash at December 31, 2016 has been included as cash, cash equivalentsUnited States and restricted cash onglobally, and the December 31, 2016 statement of cash flowsmagnitude and not as a component of net cash provided by financing activities.
New Accounting Standards Issued and Not Yet Adopted
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)(“ASU 2014-06). ASU 2014-09, as amended, required an entity to use a five-step model to determine when to recognize revenue from customer contracts in an effort to increase consistency and comparability throughout global capital markets and across industries. The ASU required an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services and also to provide certain additional disclosures. The Company evaluated each of its revenue streams and their related accounting policies under ASU 2014-09. Rental income and tenant recoveries earned from leasing its real estate properties are excluded from ASU 2014-09 and will be assessed with the adoptionuncertain duration of the lease ASU discussed below.economic impacts, have resulted in challenges in attracting investor equity during this period of economic weakness and volatility. The Company will adopt ASU 2014-09 effective as of January 1, 2018 and utilizedisruption in the modified retrospective transition method. The adoption of ASU 2014-09 is notCompany's Offerings was expected to have a materialprotracted impact on capital raising, and the Company’s consolidated financial position or consolidated results of operations. ASU 2014-09 supersedesrecessionary pressures on the revenue requirementeconomy resulted inRevenue Recognition (Topic 605) real estate market uncertainty and most industry-specific guidance throughoutan approximate 14% decrease in the Industry Topicsestimated fair value of the Codification.
In February 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02,Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). The amendments in ASU 2016-02 change the existing accounting standards for lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets and making targeted changes to lessor accounting. Under ASU 2016-02, the accounting applied by a lessor is largely unchanged from that applied underLeases (Topic 840). The large majority of operating leases shall remain classified as operating leases and lessors should continue to recognize rental income for those leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. ASU 2016-02 may impact the timing, recognition, presentation and disclosures related to the Company’s tenant recoveries earned from leasing its real estate properties althoughas of April 30, 2020 as compared with the estimated fair value of the Company’s real estate properties as of December 31, 2019 (see discussion of the Company's updated estimated NAV per share approved on May 20, 2020 in
Note 1). Given these circumstances, the Company does not expectrevised its capital raise projections, its projections of new investment and other factors contributing to the Company's analysis of estimated fair value of its consolidated business operations. The Company performed a significant impact. ASU 2016-02quantitative analysis for its single reporting unit to compare the estimated fair value of the Company’s net tangible and intangible assets, including the estimated fair value of the business acquired from its Former Sponsor, to the carrying value of its net tangible and intangible assets as of March 31, 2020. Since the estimated fair value of the Company’s net tangible and intangible assets was less than the carrying amount of its net tangible and intangible assets, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $33,267,143 during the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The Company conducted its annual impairment analysis as of December 31, 2020 using the qualitative factors discussed in Note 2 and concluded that 0 additional impairment to goodwill was necessary.
The net carrying amount of goodwill as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 is effectiveas follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Goodwill | | $ | 17,320,857 | | | $ | 50,588,000 | |
Intangible Assets Acquired
The allocation of the purchase price to the net assets acquired in the Self-Management Transaction resulted in the recognition of $7,700,000 of intangible assets as of the December 31, 2019 closing date. The fair values of the acquired investor lists and developed technology assets, primarily the investor online platform, were determined using the adjusted cost approach, which approximates fair value. The useful lives of the intangible assets were determined based on the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the intangible assets adjusted as appropriate for entity-specific factors including legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic, and/or other factors that may limit the useful life of the respective intangible asset.
Intangible assets, net as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and related useful lives were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Weighted-Average Useful Life | | December 31, |
| Intangible Assets | | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Investor list, net | | 5.0 years | | $ | 3,494,740 | | | $ | 4,800,000 | |
| Web services technology, domains and licenses | | 3.0 years | | 3,466,102 | | | 2,900,000 | |
| | | | 6,960,842 | | | 7,700,000 | |
| Accumulated amortization | | | | (1,833,054) | | | 0 | |
| Net | | | | $ | 5,127,788 | | | $ | 7,700,000 | |
NaN amortization expense was recorded for the intangible assets resulting from the acquisition of BrixInvest assets for the year ended December 31, 2019 due to the closing date having been on the final day of the fiscal year.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company acquired additional web services technology, domains and licenses intangible assets of $566,102, respectively. Amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2020 amounted to $1,833,054.
As discussed above, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions in the economy and uncertainties in the investment markets. Based on January 1, 2019.the impacts on the Company's investors and the economy, the Company evaluated the fair value of intangibles to determine if they exceeded the respective carrying values and determined that a portion of the investor list would no longer be viable and, therefore, an impairment charge of $1,305,260 was recorded during the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The Company expects to adoptconducted its annual impairment analysis of additional intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 using the practical expedients availablequalitative factors discussed in Note 2 and concluded that 0 additional impairment was necessary.
The estimated amortization expense for implementation under ASU 2016-02. By adopting the practical expedients, the Company will not be required to reassess (i) whether an expired or existing contract meets the definitionsucceeding fiscal years is as follows: 2021, $1,840,576; 2022, $1,840,576; 2023, $749,978; and 2024, $696,658.
NOTE 3. SUPPLEMENTAL DETAIL FOR CERTAIN CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET LINE ITEMS
| | | | | December 31, | |
| | | | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| A. | | Tenant receivables: | | | | | | | | |
| | | Straight-line rent | | $ | 995,822 | | | $ | 29,976 | |
| | | Tenant rent | | | 27,460 | | | | 84,344 | |
| | | Tenant recoveries | | | 239,813 | | | | - | |
| | | | | $ | 1,263,095 | | | $ | 114,320 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| B. | | Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
| | | Accounts payable | | $ | 244,430 | | | $ | 82,200 | |
| | | Accrued expenses | | | 571,308 | | | | 105,600 | |
| | | Accrued interest payable | | | 186,841 | | | | 26,339 | |
| | | Unearned rent | | | 548,266 | | | | 11,447 | |
| | | Deferred commission payable | | | 2,250 | | | | - | |
| | | Lease incentive obligation | | | 858,389 | | | | 244,650 | |
| | | | | $ | 2,411,484 | | | $ | 470,236 | |
NOTE 4. REAL ESTATE
INVESTMENTS
As of December 31, 2017,2020, the Company’s real estate investment portfolio consisted of eighteen(i) 36 operating properties located in eight14 states consisting(including 14 operating properties of eightthe original 20 operating properties acquired in connection with the Merger on December 31, 2019) and comprised of: 11 retail sixproperties, 14 office properties and four11 industrial properties. properties, (ii) 1 parcel of land, which currently serves as an easement to one of the Company’s office properties and (iii) a 72.7% undivided TIC Interest in an office property in Santa Clara, California, not reflected in the table below, but discussed in Note 5.
The following table provides summary information regarding the Company’s real estate
portfolio as of December 31,
2017:| Property | | Location | | Acquisition
Date | | Property
Type | | Land,
Buildings and
Improvements | | | Tenant
Origination
and Absorption
Costs | | | Accumulated
Depreciation
and
Amortization | | | Total
Investment in
Real Estate
Property, Net | |
| Accredo | | Orlando, FL | | 6/15/2016 | | Office | | $ | 9,855,847 | | | $ | 1,053,637 | | | $ | (763,575 | ) | | $ | 10,145,909 | |
| Walgreens | | Stockbridge, GA | | 6/21/2016 | | Retail | | | 4,147,948 | | | | 705,423 | | | | (505,603 | ) | | | 4,347,768 | |
| Dollar General | | Litchfield, ME | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | | 1,281,812 | | | | 116,302 | | | | (45,274 | ) | | | 1,352,840 | |
| Dollar General | | Wilton, ME | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | | 1,543,776 | | | | 140,653 | | | | (57,941 | ) | | | 1,626,488 | |
| Dollar General | | Thompsontown, PA | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | | 1,199,860 | | | | 106,730 | | | | (43,500 | ) | | | 1,263,090 | |
| Dollar General | | Mt. Gilead, OH | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | | 1,174,188 | | | | 111,847 | | | | (41,707 | ) | | | 1,244,328 | |
| Dollar General | | Lakeside, OH | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | | 1,112,872 | | | | 100,857 | | | | (42,804 | ) | | | 1,170,925 | |
| Dollar General | | Castalia, OH | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | | 1,102,086 | | | | 86,408 | | | | (41,589 | ) | | | 1,146,905 | |
| Dana | | Cedar Park, TX | | 12/27/2016 | | Industrial | | | 8,392,906 | | | | 1,210,874 | | | | (511,018 | ) | | | 9,092,762 | |
| Northrop Grumman | | Melbourne, FL | | 3/7/2017 | | Office | | | 12,382,991 | | | | 1,341,199 | | | | (619,898 | ) | | | 13,104,292 | |
| exp US Services | | Maitland, FL | | 3/27/2017 | | Office | | | 5,920,121 | | | | 388,248 | | | | (171,902 | ) | | | 6,136,467 | |
| Harley | | Bedford, TX | | 4/13/2017 | | Retail | | | 13,178,288 | | | | - | | | | (217,815 | ) | | | 12,960,473 | |
| Wyndham | | Summerlin, NV | | 6/22/2017 | | Office | | | 9,447,270 | | | | 669,232 | | | | (157,378 | ) | | | 9,959,124 | |
| Williams Sonoma | | Summerlin, NV | | 6/22/2017 | | Office | | | 7,531,809 | | | | 550,486 | | | | (140,531 | ) | | | 7,941,764 | |
| Omnicare | | Richmond, VA | | 7/20/2017 | | Industrial | | | 7,042,928 | | | | 281,442 | | | | (105,392 | ) | | | 7,218,978 | |
| EMCOR | | Cincinnati, OH | | 8/29/2017 | | Office | | | 5,960,610 | | | | 463,488 | | | | (66,140 | ) | | | 6,357,958 | |
| Husqvarna | | Charlotte, NC | | 11/30/2017 | | Industrial | | | 11,841,144 | | | | 1,013,948 | | | | (42,672 | ) | | | 12,812,420 | |
| AvAir | | Chandler, AZ | | 12/28/2017 | | Industrial | | | 27,353,125 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 27,353,125 | |
| | | | | | | | | $ | 130,469,581 | | | $ | 8,340,774 | | | $ | (3,574,739 | ) | | $ | 135,235,616 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Property | | Location | | Acquisition
Date | | Property
Type | | Land,
Buildings and
Improvements | | Tenant
Origination
and Absorption
Costs | | Accumulated
Depreciation
and
Amortization | | Total
Investment in
Real Estate
Property, Net |
| Accredo Health | | Orlando, FL | | 6/15/2016 | | Office | | $ | 9,855,847 | | | $ | 1,269,351 | | | $ | (2,221,380) | | | $ | 8,903,818 | |
| Dollar General | | Litchfield, ME | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | 1,281,812 | | | 116,302 | | | (166,006) | | | 1,232,108 | |
| Dollar General | | Wilton, ME | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | 1,543,776 | | | 140,653 | | | (212,451) | | | 1,471,978 | |
| Dollar General | | Thompsontown, PA | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | 1,199,860 | | | 106,730 | | | (159,501) | | | 1,147,089 | |
| Dollar General | | Mt. Gilead, OH | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | 1,174,188 | | | 111,847 | | | (152,925) | | | 1,133,110 | |
| Dollar General | | Lakeside, OH | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | 1,112,872 | | | 100,857 | | | (156,949) | | | 1,056,780 | |
| Dollar General | | Castalia, OH | | 11/4/2016 | | Retail | | 1,102,086 | | | 86,408 | | | (152,492) | | | 1,036,002 | |
| Dana | | Cedar Park, TX | | 12/27/2016 | | Industrial | | 6,802,876 | | | 531,439 | | | (1,835,800) | | | 5,498,515 | |
| Northrop Grumman | | Melbourne, FL | | 3/7/2017 | | Office | | 12,382,991 | | | 1,341,199 | | | (2,968,985) | | | 10,755,205 | |
| exp US Services | | Maitland, FL | | 3/27/2017 | | Office | | 6,056,668 | | | 388,248 | | | (833,278) | | | 5,611,638 | |
| Wyndham | | Summerlin, NV | | 6/22/2017 | | Office | | 10,406,483 | | | 669,232 | | | (1,170,222) | | | 9,905,493 | |
| Williams Sonoma | | Summerlin, NV | | 6/22/2017 | | Office | | 8,079,612 | | | 550,486 | | | (1,058,455) | | | 7,571,643 | |
| Omnicare | | Richmond, VA | | 7/20/2017 | | Industrial | | 7,262,747 | | | 281,442 | | | (832,474) | | | 6,711,715 | |
| EMCOR | | Cincinnati, OH | | 8/29/2017 | | Office | | 5,960,610 | | | 463,488 | | | (604,163) | | | 5,819,935 | |
| Husqvarna | | Charlotte, NC | | 11/30/2017 | | Industrial | | 11,840,200 | | | 1,013,948 | | | (1,113,651) | | | 11,740,497 | |
| AvAir | | Chandler, AZ | | 12/28/2017 | | Industrial | | 27,357,900 | | | 0 | | | (2,111,134) | | | 25,246,766 | |
| 3M | | DeKalb, IL | | 3/29/2018 | | Industrial | | 14,762,819 | | | 2,356,361 | | | (3,476,588) | | | 13,642,592 | |
| Cummins | | Nashville, TN | | 4/4/2018 | | Office | | 14,465,491 | | | 1,536,998 | | | (2,151,938) | | | 13,850,551 | |
| Northrop Grumman Parcel | | Melbourne, FL | | 6/21/2018 | | Land | | 329,410 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 329,410 | |
| Texas Health | | Dallas, TX | | 9/13/2018 | | Office | | 6,976,703 | | | 713,221 | | | (681,341) | | | 7,008,583 | |
| Bon Secours | | Richmond, VA | | 10/31/2018 | | Office | | 10,388,751 | | | 800,356 | | | (978,335) | | | 10,210,772 | |
| Costco | | Issaquah, WA | | 12/20/2018 | | Office | | 27,330,797 | | | 2,765,136 | | | (2,654,329) | | | 27,441,604 | |
| Taylor Fresh Foods | | Yuma, AZ | | 10/24/2019 | | Industrial | | 34,194,369 | | | 2,894,017 | | | (1,597,022) | | | 35,491,364 | |
| Levins | | Sacramento, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Industrial | | 4,429,390 | | | 221,927 | | | (220,609) | | | 4,430,708 | |
| Dollar General | | Bakersfield, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Retail | | 4,899,714 | | | 261,630 | | | (147,132) | | | 5,014,212 | |
| PMI Preclinical | | San Carlos, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Industrial | | 9,672,174 | | | 408,225 | | | (204,321) | | | 9,876,078 | |
| GSA (MSHA) | | Vacaville, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Office | | 3,112,076 | | | 243,307 | | | (138,515) | | | 3,216,868 | |
| PreK Education | | San Antonio, TX | | 12/31/2019 | | Retail | | 12,447,287 | | | 447,927 | | | (599,428) | | | 12,295,786 | |
| Dollar Tree | | Morrow, GA | | 12/31/2019 | | Retail | | 1,320,367 | | | 73,298 | | | (70,911) | | | 1,322,754 | |
| Solar Turbines | | San Diego, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Office | | 7,133,241 | | | 284,026 | | | (338,232) | | | 7,079,035 | |
| Wood Group | | San Diego, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Industrial | | 9,731,220 | | | 466,293 | | | (565,017) | | | 9,632,496 | |
| ITW Rippey | | El Dorado Hills, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Industrial | | 7,071,143 | | | 304,387 | | | (303,219) | | | 7,072,311 | |
| Dollar General | | Big Spring, TX | | 12/31/2019 | | Retail | | 1,281,683 | | | 76,351 | | | (50,969) | | | 1,307,065 | |
| Gap | | Rocklin, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Office | | 8,378,276 | | | 360,377 | | | (479,306) | | | 8,259,347 | |
| L-3 Communications | | Carlsbad, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Industrial | | 11,631,857 | | | 454,035 | | | (470,823) | | | 11,615,069 | |
| Sutter Health | | Rancho Cordova, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Office | | 29,555,055 | | | 1,616,610 | | | (1,080,349) | | | 30,091,316 | |
| Walgreens | | Santa Maria, CA | | 12/31/2019 | | Retail | | 5,223,442 | | | 335,945 | | | (132,961) | | | 5,426,426 | |
| | | | | | | | $ | 337,755,793 | | | $ | 23,792,057 | | | $ | (32,091,211) | | | $ | 329,456,639 | |
Impairment Charges
During late March 2020, the Company learned that there would be a substantial impact on the commercial real estate market and specifically on fitness centers due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the requirement of an indefinite and potentially extended period of store closures. On March 31, 2020, the Company received written notice from 24 Hour Fitness USA, Inc. (“24 Hour Fitness”) that due to circumstances beyond its control, including the response to the COVID-19 pandemic and directives and mandates of various governmental authorities, the Las Vegas, Nevada 24 Hour Fitness store leased from the Company had been closed on or about March 17, 2020 and remained closed as of the date of the tenant's notice. The tenant's notice stated that it would not make the April 2020 rent payment. The Company's special purpose subsidiary, which owns the property, immediately initiated negotiations with the tenant; however, no further rent payments were received and on June 15, 2020, the Company received written notice that the lease was formally rejected in connection with 24 Hour Fitness' Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceeding and the premises were surrendered to the Company's subsidiary.
On April 1, 2020, the Company’s special purpose subsidiary initiated negotiations with the lender on the property, and requested a deferral of mortgage payments until the tenant resumed paying rent. The lender did not agree to provide any substantial mortgage relief to the Company's special purpose subsidiary, but agreed to temporarily reduce its $32,000 monthly mortgage payment by $8,000 from May 2020 through August 2020. The Company's special purpose subsidiary determined that if it was unable to secure a replacement tenant, then it would consider allowing the lender to foreclose on, and take possession of, the property. As such, the Company concluded that it was necessary to record an impairment charge to reduce the net book value of the property to its estimated fair value.
In addition, the Company determined that the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the overall economy and commercial real estate market would also negatively impact the Company's ability to re-lease 2 vacant properties, the property formerly leased to Dinan Cars through January 31, 2020 located in Morgan Hill, California and the property leased to Dana, but currently unoccupied, located in Cedar Park, Texas. Based on an evaluation of the value of these 2 properties, the Company determined that impairment charges were required to reflect the reduction in value due to the uncertainty regarding leasing or sale prospects. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded impairment charges aggregating $9,157,068 based on the estimated fair value of the real estate properties discussed above.
During the three months ended June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2020, the Company recorded additional impairment charges related to properties held for sale. As of June 30, 2020, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $349,457 related to the property located in Lake Elsinore, California and leased to Rite Aid through February 29, 2028. As of December 31, 2020, the Company recorded an aggregate of $761,100 in impairment charges related to its property located in Bedford, Texas and leased to the operator of a Harley Davidson dealership through April 12, 2032 and its property located in San Jose, California and leased to the operator of a Chevron gas station through May 31, 2025. The impairment charges related to the properties located in Lake Elsinore and San Jose, California reflect the excess of the property's carrying value over the property's sale price less estimated selling costs (see below for discussion of the property sale), while the impairment charge related to the property located in Bedford, Texas pertained to a portion of the Company's straight-line rent receivable for this property which the Company does not expect to recover as a result of the planned sale (see below for discussion of the property classification to held for sale).
The aggregated impairment charges of $10,267,625 during the year ended December 31, 2020 represented approximately 2.5% of the Company’s total investments in real estate property as of December 31, 2020.
The details of the Company's real estate impairment charges for the year ended December 31, 2020 were as follows:
| F-15 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Year Ended |
| Property | | Location | | December 31, 2020 |
| Dana | | Cedar Park, TX | | $ | 2,184,395 | |
| 24 Hour Fitness | | Las Vegas, NV | | 5,664,517 | |
| Dinan Cars | | Morgan Hill, CA | | 1,308,156 | |
| Rite Aid | | Lake Elsinore, CA | | 349,457 | |
| Harley Davidson | | Bedford, TX | | 632,233 | |
| Chevron Gas Station | | San Jose, CA | | 128,867 | |
| | | | $ | 10,267,625 | |
Current Period Acquisitions
2017:
The Company acquired 0 real estate properties during the year ended December 31, 2020.
During the year ended December 31, 2017,2019, the Company acquired the following real estate properties:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Property | | Land | | Buildings and
Improvements | | Tenant
Origination
and Absorption
Costs | | Above-Market Lease Intangibles | | Below-Market Lease Intangibles | | Total |
| REIT I Property Portfolio: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Chevron Gas Station, San Jose | | $ | 3,787,021 | | | $ | 267,738 | | | $ | 145,577 | | | $ | 41,739 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 4,242,075 | |
| Levins | | 1,404,863 | | | 3,024,527 | | | 221,927 | | | 26,469 | | | 0 | | | 4,677,786 | |
| Chevron Gas Station, Roseville | | 2,636,663 | | | 1,011,908 | | | 136,415 | | | 24,432 | | | 0 | | | 3,809,418 | |
| Island Pacific Supermarket | | 676,981 | | | 1,883,330 | | | 197,495 | | | 0 | | | (76,351) | | | 2,681,455 | |
| Dollar General, Bakersfield | | 1,099,458 | | | 3,800,256 | | | 261,630 | | | 0 | | | (41,739) | | | 5,119,605 | |
| Rite Aid | | 3,939,724 | | | 2,902,365 | | | 420,441 | | | 186,297 | | | 0 | | | 7,448,827 | |
| PMI Preclinical | | 4,774,497 | | | 4,897,677 | | | 408,225 | | | 115,036 | | | 0 | | | 10,195,435 | |
| EcoThrift | | 2,300,717 | | | 3,249,509 | | | 273,846 | | | 0 | | | (388,882) | | | 5,435,190 | |
| GSA (MSHA) | | 399,062 | | | 2,713,014 | | | 243,307 | | | 0 | | | (101,802) | | | 3,253,581 | |
| PreK San Antonio | | 963,044 | | | 11,484,243 | | | 447,927 | | | 0 | | | (28,504) | | | 12,866,710 | |
| Dollar Tree | | 159,829 | | | 1,160,538 | | | 73,298 | | | 10,180 | | | 0 | | | 1,403,845 | |
| Dinan Cars | | 2,453,420 | | | 3,799,237 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 6,252,657 | |
| Solar Turbines | | 2,483,960 | | | 4,649,281 | | | 284,026 | | | 0 | | | (108,928) | | | 7,308,339 | |
| Wood Group | | 3,461,256 | | | 6,269,964 | | | 392,955 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 10,124,175 | |
| ITW Rippey | | 787,945 | | | 6,283,198 | | | 304,387 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 7,375,530 | |
| Dollar General, Big Spring | | 103,838 | | | 1,177,845 | | | 76,351 | | | 0 | | | (127,252) | | | 1,230,782 | |
| Gap | | 2,076,754 | | | 6,301,522 | | | 360,377 | | | 0 | | | (68,207) | | | 8,670,446 | |
| L-3 Communications | | 3,552,878 | | | 8,078,979 | | | 454,035 | | | 0 | | | (174,081) | | | 11,911,811 | |
| Sutter Health | | 2,443,240 | | | 27,111,815 | | | 1,616,610 | | | 87,549 | | | 0 | | | 31,259,214 | |
| Walgreens | | 1,832,430 | | | 3,391,012 | | | 335,945 | | | 272,829 | | | 0 | | | 5,832,216 | |
| Total REIT I Property Portfolio | | 41,337,580 | | | 103,457,958 | | | 6,654,774 | | | 764,531 | | | (1,115,746) | | | 151,099,097 | |
| Taylor Fresh Foods | | 4,312,016 | | | 29,882,353 | | | 2,894,017 | | | 0 | | | (11,526,976) | | | 25,561,410 | |
| | $ | 45,649,596 | | | $ | 133,340,311 | | | $ | 9,548,791 | | | $ | 764,531 | | | $ | (12,642,722) | | | $ | 176,660,507 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Purchase price and other acquisition costs | | $ | 176,660,507 | |
| Purchase deposit applied | | (2,000,000) | |
| Acquisition fees to affiliate related to Taylor Fresh Foods (Note 9) | | (741,000) | |
| Acquisition of real estate before financing | | $ | 173,919,507 | |
Capitalized acquisition fee paid to the Former Advisor for a property acquired during the year ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| Property | | Amount |
| Taylor Fresh Foods | | $ | 741,000 | |
The Company also paid the Former Advisor capitalized acquisition fees of $5,459 during the year ended December 31, 2019 related to additions to real estate investments.
During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized $548,362 of total revenue related to the Taylor Fresh foods property. NaN revenue was recognized related to the 20 properties
excluding the Company’s investment in a tenant-in-common (“TIC”) ownership interestacquired in the
Santa Clara, CA property (“Santa Clara”) as discussed in Note 5:| Property | | Land | | | Buildings and
Improvements | | | Tenant
Origination
and Absorption
Costs | | | Above-Market
Leases | | | Below-Market
Leases | | | Total | |
| Northrop Grumman | | $ | 1,191,024 | | | $ | 11,191,967 | | | $ | 1,341,199 | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 13,724,190 | |
| exp US Services | | | 785,801 | | | | 5,134,320 | | | | 388,248 | | | | 616,486 | | | | - | | | | 6,924,855 | |
| Harley | | | 1,145,196 | | | | 12,033,092 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 13,178,288 | |
| Wyndham | | | 4,144,069 | | | | 5,303,201 | | | | 669,232 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 10,116,502 | |
| Williams Sonoma | | | 3,546,744 | | | | 3,478,337 | | | | 550,486 | | | | - | | | | (364,555 | ) | | | 7,211,012 | |
| Omnicare | | | 800,772 | | | | 6,242,156 | | | | 281,442 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 7,324,370 | |
| EMCOR | | | 427,589 | | | | 5,533,021 | | | | 463,488 | | | | - | | | | (285,562 | ) | | | 6,138,536 | |
| Husqvarna | | | 974,663 | | | | 10,866,481 | | | | 1,013,948 | | | | - | | | | (852,044 | ) | | | 12,003,048 | |
| AvAir | | | 3,493,673 | | | | 23,859,451 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 27,353,124 | |
| | | $ | 16,509,531 | | | $ | 83,642,026 | | | $ | 4,708,043 | | | $ | 616,486 | | | $ | (1,502,161 | ) | | $ | 103,973,925 | |
| Purchase price | | $ | 103,973,925 | |
| Purchase deposits applied | | | (500,000 | ) |
Acquisition fees to affiliate | | | (3,015,057 | ) |
| Cash paid for acquisition of real estate investments | | $ | 100,458,868 | |
Merger because the transaction closed on December 31, 2019.
The noncancellable lease terms of the properties acquired during the year ended December 31,
2017 are2019 were as follows:
Property | | Lease Expiration |
Northrop Grumman | | 5/31/2021 |
exp US Services | | 11/30/2026 |
Harley | | 4/12/2032 |
Wyndham | | 2/28/2025 |
Williams Sonoma | | 10/31/2022 |
Omnicare | | 5/31/2026 |
EMCOR | | 2/28/2027 |
Husqvarna | | 6/30/2027(1) |
AvAir | | 12/31/2032 |
| (1) | The tenant’s right to cancel lease on June 30, | | | | | | |
| Property | | Lease Expiration |
| Chevron Gas Station | | 5/27/2025 was not determined to be probable for financial accounting purposes. |
| Levins | | 8/20/2023 |
| Chevron Gas Station | | 9/30/2025 |
| Island Pacific Supermarket | | 5/31/2025 |
| Dollar General | | 7/31/2028 |
| Rite Aid | | 2/25/2028 |
| PMI Preclinical | | 10/31/2025 |
| EcoThrift | | 2/28/2026 |
| GSA (MSHA) | | 8/24/2026 |
| PreK San Antonio | | 7/31/2021 |
| Dollar Tree | | 7/31/2025 |
| Dinan Cars | | 4/30/2023 |
| Solar Turbines | | 2/28/2021 |
| Amec Foster | | 7/31/2021 |
| ITW Rippey | | 8/1/2022 |
| Dollar General Big Spring | | 4/30/2030 |
| Gap | | 2/28/2023 |
| L-3 Communications | | 4/30/2022 |
| Sutter Health | | 10/31/2025 |
| Walgreens | | 2/28/2031 |
| Taylor Fresh Foods | | 9/30/2033 |
Dispositions:
The Company recorded these acquisitionssold the following properties during the year ended December 31, 2020:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Property | | Location | | Disposition Date | | Property Type | | Rentable Square Feet | | Contract Sale Price | | Gain (Loss) on Sale |
| Rite Aid | | Lake Elsinore, CA | | 8/3/2020 | | Retail | | 17,272 | | | $ | 7,250,000 | | | $ | (422) | |
| Walgreens | | Stockbridge, GA | | 8/27/2020 | | Retail | | 15,120 | | | 5,538,462 | | | 1,306,768 | |
| Island Pacific Supermarket | | Elk Grove, CA | | 9/16/2020 | | Retail | | 13,963 | | | 3,155,000 | | | 387,296 | |
| Dinan Cars | | Morgan Hill, CA | | 10/28/2020 | | Industrial | | 27,296 | | | 6,100,000 | | | 961,836 | |
| 24 Hour Fitness | | Las Vegas, NV | | 12/16/2020 | | Retail | | 45,000 | | | 9,052,941 | | | 1,484,271 | |
| | | | | | | | 118,651 | | | $ | 31,096,403 | | | $ | 4,139,749 | |
On August 3, 2020, the Company completed the sale of its Lake Elsinore, California retail property which was leased to Rite Aid for $7,250,000, which generated net proceeds of $3,299,016 after repayment of the existing mortgage, commissions and closing costs. Prior to the sale, the Company evaluated the Rite Aid property for impairment and recognized a $349,457 impairment charge during the three months ended June 30, 2020 in order to reduce the carrying value of the property to its estimated net realizable value.
On August 27, 2020, the Company completed the sale of its Stockbridge, Georgia retail property which was leased to Walgreens for $5,538,462, which generated net proceeds of $5,296,356 after payment of commissions and closing costs. The mortgage for this property was previously repaid on August 10, 2020 in connection with the refinancing of the Accredo property as asset acquisitionsdiscussed in Note 7.
On September 16, 2020, the Company completed the sale of its Elk Grove, California retail property which was leased to Island Pacific for $3,155,000, which generated net proceeds of $1,124,016 after repayment of the existing mortgage, commissions and capitalized $3,507,580closing costs.
On October 28, 2020, the Company completed the sale of acquisition feesits Morgan Hill, California industrial property which was formerly leased to Dinan Cars for $6,100,000, which generated net proceeds of $3,811,580 after repayment of the existing mortgage, commissions and closing costs. Prior to the sale, the Company recognized an impairment charge for $1,308,156 during the three months ended March 31, 2020.
On December 16, 2020, the Company completed the sale of its Las Vegas, Nevada retail property which was formerly leased to 24 Hour Fitness for $9,052,941, which is expected to generate net proceeds of $1,324,383 upon collection of the receivable from the buyer and after assignment of the existing mortgage to the buyer, payment of commissions and closing costs, and reserves for tenant improvements and free rent. Prior to the sale, the Company recognized an impairment charge for $5,664,517 during the three months ended March 31, 2020.
There were 0 disposition of properties during the year ended December 31, 2019.
Asset Concentration
The Company holds no real estate property with a net book value that is greater than 10% of its total assets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Revenue Concentration
No tenants represented the source of 10% of total revenues during the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company’s revenue concentration based on tenants representing greater than 10% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017. 2019 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2019 |
| Property and Location | | Revenue | | Percentage of Total Revenue |
| AvAir, Chandler, AZ | | $ | 2,670,159 | | | 10.9% |
Operating Leases
The Company’s real estate properties are primarily leased to tenants under net leases for which terms and expirations vary. The Company monitors the credit of all tenants to stay abreast of any material changes in credit quality. The Company monitors tenant credit by (1) reviewing the credit ratings of tenants (or their parent companies or lease guarantors) that are rated by nationally recognized rating agencies; (2) reviewing financial statements and related metrics and information that are publicly available or that are required to be provided pursuant to the lease; (3) monitoring news reports and press releases regarding the tenants (or their parent companies or lease guarantors), and their underlying business and industry; and (4) monitoring the timeliness of rent collections.
During
year ended December 31, 2017,the first four months of 2020, the Company
recognized $4,413,353paid an aggregate of
total revenue$990,000 in lease incentives to cancel certain termination options related to
these properties.2 leases with Walgreens for its Santa Maria, California and Stockbridge, Georgia properties, resulting in extension of the leases for approximately 10 years each. The Stockbridge property was sold on August 27, 2020 as discussed above. These costs were capitalized and will be amortized over the period of the extension for the Santa Maria property and were charged to cost of sale for the Stockbridge property.
2016:
During the year ended December 31, 2016,Effective August 1, 2020, the Company acquiredexecuted an amendment to accelerate the following properties:
| Property | | Land | | | Buildings and
Improvements | | | Tenant
Origination
and Absorption
Costs | | | Above-Market
Leases | | | Below-Market
Leases | | | Total | |
| Accredo | | $ | 1,706,641 | | | $ | 7,950,221 | | | $ | 1,053,638 | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 10,710,500 | |
| Walgreens | | | 1,033,105 | | | | 3,114,843 | | | | 705,423 | | | | 166,629 | | | | - | | | | 5,020,000 | |
| Dollar General, Litchfield | | | 293,912 | | | | 987,900 | | | | 116,302 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,398,114 | |
| Dollar General, Wilton | | | 212,035 | | | | 1,331,741 | | | | 140,653 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,684,429 | |
| Dollar General, Thompsontown | | | 217,912 | | | | 981,948 | | | | 106,730 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,306,590 | |
| Dollar General, Mt. Gilead | | | 283,578 | | | | 890,610 | | | | 111,847 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,286,035 | |
| Dollar General, Lakeside | | | 176,515 | | | | 936,357 | | | | 100,857 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,213,729 | |
| Dollar General, Castalia | | | 154,677 | | | | 947,409 | | | | 86,408 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,188,494 | |
| Dana | | | 1,290,863 | | | | 7,102,043 | | | | 1,210,873 | | | | - | | | | (151,610 | ) | | | 9,452,169 | |
| | | $ | 5,369,238 | | | $ | 24,243,072 | | | $ | 3,632,731 | | | $ | 166,629 | | | $ | (151,610 | ) | | $ | 33,260,060 | |
| Purchase price | | $ | 33,260,060 | |
| Acquisition fees to affiliates | | | (505,608 | ) |
| Cash paid for acquisition of real estate investments | | $ | 32,754,452 | |
The noncancellable lease termstermination of the properties acquired duringDana lease from July 31, 2024 to July 31, 2022 in exchange for the year ended Decemberright to receive an early termination payment of $1,381,767 due on July 31, 2016 are as follows:
Property | | Lease Expiration |
Accredo | | 2/28/2021 |
Walgreens | | 6/14/2021 |
Dollar General, Litchfield | | 9/30/2030 |
Dollar General, Wilton | | 7/31/2030 |
Dollar General, Thompsontown | | 10/31/2030 |
Dollar General, Mt. Gilead | | 6/30/2030 |
Dollar General, Lakeside | | 5/31/2030 |
Dollar General, Castalia | | 5/31/2030 |
Dana | | 6/30/2024 |
During2022 and continued rent payments of $65,000 per month from August 1, 2020 through July 1, 2022. In the year ended December 31, 2016,event that the Company recordedis able to re-lease or sell the Accredo and Walgreens acquisitions as business combinations and expensed acquisition costsDana property prior to July 31, 2022, Dana would be obligated to continue paying rent of $547,148. During the year ended December 31, 2016,$65,000 per month through July 1, 2022 or may elect to pay a cash lump sum payment to the Company recognized $748,481 of revenues and $152,915 of operating expenses, respectively, pertainingequal to the Accredonet present value of the remaining rent payments. This amendment is a modification of the existing lease for accounting purposes and Walgreens acquisitions.
During the year ended December 31, 2016,revised payment stream, including the Company recorded all other properties acquired subsequent to October 1, 2016 as asset acquisitions and capitalized acquisition costsearly termination payment, is reflected for the balance of $675,961.
Operating Leases
the revised lease term on a straight-line basis.
As of December 31,
2017, the Company’s portfolio’s asset concentration (greater than 10% of total assets) was as follows:| Property and Location | | Net Carrying
Value | | | Percentage of
Total Assets | |
| AvAir | | $ | 27,353,125 | | | | 17.4 | % |
As of December 31, 2017,2020, the future minimum contractual rent payments due under the Company’s noncancelable operating leases, including lease amendments executed subsequent to December 31, 2020 and excluding any renewal periods,rents due related to real estate investments held for sale, are as follows:
| 2018 | | $ | 10,621,181 | |
| 2019 | | | 10,872,205 | |
| 2020 | | | 10,825,620 | |
| 2021 | | | 9,728,540 | |
| 2022 | | | 8,809,117 | |
| Thereafter | | | 54,293,469 | |
| | | $ | 105,150,132 | |
Revenue Concentration
| | | | | | | | |
| 2021 | | $ | 26,761,843 | |
| 2022 | | 24,418,710 | |
| 2023 | | 20,157,378 | |
| 2024 | | 19,674,819 | |
| 2025 | | 16,456,145 | |
| Thereafter | | 43,827,967 | |
| | $ | 151,296,862 | |
During the first quarter of 2021, the Company entered into additional lease extensions for the properties leased to Northrop Grumman in Melbourne, Florida and 2 Dollar General properties in Castalia, Ohio and Lakeside, Ohio as further discussed in Note 11- Subsequent Events. The table above reflects the extension of these leases.
Intangibles
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company’s intangible assets were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2020 | | December 31, 2019 |
| Tenant Origination and Absorption Costs | | Above-Market Lease Intangibles | | Below-Market Lease Intangibles | | Tenant Origination and Absorption Costs | | Above-Market Lease Intangibles | | Below-Market Lease Intangibles |
| Cost | $ | 23,792,057 | | | $ | 1,128,549 | | | $ | (15,163,672) | | | $ | 27,266,610 | | | $ | 1,547,646 | | | $ | (15,713,975) | |
| Accumulated amortization | (9,695,960) | | | (307,707) | | | 2,597,935 | | | (6,005,248) | | | (295,912) | | | 1,122,616 | |
| Net amount | $ | 14,096,097 | | | $ | 820,842 | | | $ | (12,565,737) | | | $ | 21,261,362 | | | $ | 1,251,734 | | | $ | (14,591,359) | |
The intangible assets acquired in connection with these real estate properties have a weighted average amortization period of approximately 9.4 yearsas of December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2020, amortization of intangible assets for each year of the next five years and thereafter is expected to be as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Tenant
Origination and
Absorption Costs | | Above-Market Lease Intangibles | | Below-Market Lease Intangibles |
| 2021 | $ | 3,801,383 | | | $ | 129,823 | | | $ | (1,462,730) | |
| 2022 | 2,628,700 | | | 129,823 | | | (1,217,076) | |
| 2023 | 1,751,653 | | | 127,174 | | | (921,169) | |
| 2024 | 1,625,159 | | | 122,543 | | | (917,750) | |
| 2025 | 1,242,973 | | | 115,995 | | | (917,750) | |
| Thereafter | 3,046,229 | | | 195,484 | | | (7,129,262) | |
| $ | 14,096,097 | | | $ | 820,842 | | | $ | (12,565,737) | |
| | | | | |
| Weighted-Average Remaining Amortization Period | 7.1 years | | 7.2 years | | 12.2 years |
Real Estate Investments Held For Sale
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic discussed in Note 1, during the second quarter of 2020, the Company deemed it necessary to sell certain of its real estate investment properties to generate funds for share repurchases and to service certain debt obligations.
During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company identified 4 real estate investment properties as held for sale. These 4 properties consisted of 3 retail properties (the property leased to Island Pacific Supermarket through May 30, 2033 located in Elk Grove, California, the property leased to Rite Aid through February 29, 2028 located in Lake Elsinore, California and the property leased to Walgreens through February 28, 2031 located in Stockbridge, Georgia) and 1 industrial property previously leased to Dinan Cars located in Morgan Hill, California. As discussed above, these 4 properties were sold during the year ended December 31, 2017,2020.
As discussed below, additional properties were identified as held for sale during the Company’s portfolio’s revenue concentration (greater than 10% total revenue)third and fourth quarters of 2020.
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company determined to sell 2 additional retail properties (the property leased to the operator of a Harley Davidson dealership through April 12, 2032 located in Bedford, Texas and the property formerly leased to 24 Hour Fitness located in Las Vegas, Nevada). As discussed above, the property formerly leased to 24 Hour Fitness was
as follows:| Property and Location | | Revenue | | | Percentage of
Total Revenue | |
| AvAir, AZ | | $ | 2,100,000 | | | | 19.9 | % |
| Northrop Grumman, FL | | $ | 1,162,274 | | | | 11.0 | % |
As of December 31, 2017, no other tenant accounted for more than 10% of the total revenue.
Forsold during the year ended December 31, 2016,2020.
During the
Company’s portfolio’s revenue concentration (greater than 10% total revenue) was as follows:| Property and Location | | Effective Annual
Base Rent | | | Percentage of
Total Revenue | |
| Accredo, Orlando FL | | $ | 872,550 | | | | 36.0 | % |
| Walgreens, Stockbridge, GA | | $ | 360,000 | | | | 14.8 | % |
| Dana, Cedar Park, TX | | $ | 656,076 | | | | 27.0 | % |
three months ended December 31, 2020, the Company determined to sell 3 more retail properties (the property leased to Chevron through September 30, 2025 located in Roseville, California; the property leased to EcoThrift through February 26, 2026 located in Sacramento, California; and the property leased to Chevron through May 31, 2025 located in San Jose, California).
As of December 31, 2017, no other tenant accounted2020, the Company has 4 retail properties held for more than 10%sale, namely: the Harley Davidson property, the EcoThrift property and the 2 Chevron properties. The property leased to EcoThrift and the 2 properties leased to Chevron were sold subsequent to December 31, 2020 (see Note 11).
The following table summarizes the major components of
the total revenue.Intangibles
Asassets and liabilities related to real estate investments held for sale as of December 31, 2017,2020:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2020 |
| Assets related to real estate investments held for sale: | | |
| Land, buildings and improvements | | $ | 25,675,459 | |
| Tenant origination and absorption costs | | 554,788 | |
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | | (1,644,508) | |
| Real estate investments held for sale, net | | 24,585,739 | |
| Other assets, net | | 1,079,361 | |
| Total assets related to real estate investments held for sale: | | $ | 25,665,100 | |
| | |
| Liabilities related to real estate investments held for sale: | | |
| Mortgage notes payable, net | | $ | 9,088,438 | |
| Other liabilities, net | | 801,337 | |
| Total liabilities related to real estate investments held for sale: | | $ | 9,889,775 | |
The following table summarizes the
Company’s intangibles weremajor components of rental income, expenses and impairment related to real estate investments held for sale as
follows:| | | Tenant
origination
and
absorption
costs | | | Above-market
leases | | | Below-market
leases | |
| Cost | | $ | 8,340,774 | | | $ | 783,115 | | | $ | (1,653,771 | ) |
| Accumulated amortization | | | (1,192,318 | ) | | | (101,822 | ) | | | 69,542 | |
| Net amount | | $ | 7,148,456 | | | $ | 681,293 | | | $ | (1,584,229 | ) |
As of December 31, 2016,2020, which were included in continuing operations for the Company’s intangibles were as follows:
| | | Tenant
origination
and
absorption
costs | | | Above-market
leases | | | Below-market
leases | |
| Cost | | $ | 3,632,731 | | | $ | 166,629 | | | $ | (151,610 | ) |
| Accumulated amortization | | | (210,404 | ) | | | (18,052 | ) | | | 843 | |
| Net amount | | $ | 3,422,327 | | | $ | 148,577 | | | $ | (150,767 | ) |
As ofyears ended December 31, 2017, amortization2020 and 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Total revenues | | $ | 2,326,058 | | | $ | 1,325,265 | |
| Expenses: | | | | |
| Interest expense | | 552,246 | | | 323,460 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | 737,278 | | | 344,708 | |
| Other expenses | | 352,280 | | | 385,282 | |
| Impairment of real estate properties | | 761,100 | | | 0 | |
| Total expenses | | 2,402,904 | | | 1,053,450 | |
| Net (loss) income | | $ | (76,846) | | | $ | 271,815 | |
As discussed in Note 3, the properties located in Roseville, Sacramento, and San Jose, California were acquired in the Merger on December 31, 2019, and therefore did not contribute to the Company's rental income or net loss for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Table of intangible assets over the next five years is expected to be as follows:| | | Tenant
Origination and
Absorption Costs | | | Above-Market
Leases | | | Below-market
leases | |
| 2018 | | $ | 1,214,317 | | | $ | 97,045 | | | $ | 147,699 | |
| 2019 | | | 1,214,317 | | | | 97,045 | | | | 147,699 | |
| 2020 | | | 1,214,317 | | | | 97,045 | | | | 147,699 | |
| 2021 | | | 798,057 | | | | 78,994 | | | | 147,699 | |
| 2022 | | | 507,882 | | | | 63,719 | | | | 128,055 | |
| Thereafter | | | 2,199,566 | | | | 247,445 | | | | 865,380 | |
| | | $ | 7,148,456 | | | $ | 681,293 | | | $ | 1,584,231 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Weighted-Average Remaining Amortization Period | | | 8.97 years | | | | 7.99 years | | | | 15.34 years | |
NOTE 5.
INVESTMENTSINVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED
ENTITIESThe Company’s investments in unconsolidated entities are as follows:
| | | December 31, | |
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| RU Martin Street Santa Clara (“TIC”) (1) | | $ | 11,103,547 | | | $ | - | |
| Rich Uncles Real Estate Investment Trust I (“REIT I”) | | | 3,420,475 | | | | 3,523,809 | |
| | | $ | 14,524,022 | | | $ | 3,523,809 | |
(1) ENTITY
The Company’s investment includes $626,073in unconsolidated entity as of acquisition fees paid to affiliate (see December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, |
| 2020 | | 2019 |
| The TIC Interest | $ | 10,002,368 | | | $ | 10,388,588 | |
As discussed in Note 9).3
, REIT I merged with and into the Company on December 31, 2019. The Company’s income (losses)(loss) from investments in unconsolidated entities for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:| | | Years ended December 31 | |
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| TIC | | $ | 30,038 | | | $ | - | |
| REIT I | | | 169,195 | | | | (79,271 | ) |
| | | $ | 199,233 | | | $ | (79,271 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended December 31, |
| 2020 | | 2019 |
| The TIC Interest | $ | 296,780 | | | $ | 296,691 | |
| REIT I | 0 | | | (62,643) | |
| Total | $ | 296,780 | | | $ | 234,048 | |
The TIC
On September 28, Interest
During 2017, the Company,
through a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Operating Partnership, acquired
anthe approximate 72.7% TIC
interest in the Santa Clara property.Interest. The remaining approximate 27.3% undivided interest in the Santa Clara property is held by Hagg Lane II, LLC (an approximate 23.4%) and
the Hagg Lane III, LLC (an approximate 3.9%). The manager of Hagg Lane II, LLC and Hagg Lane III, LLC
isbecame a
board member of the
Sponsor.Company's board of directors in December 2019. The Santa Clara property does not qualify as a
VIEvariable interest entity and consolidation is not required as the
CompanyCompany's TIC Interest does not control the
TIC.property. Therefore, the Company accounts for
its interest in the TIC
Interest using the equity method.
The property lease expiration date is March 16, 2026 and the lease provides for 3 five-year renewal options. The Company receives approximately 72.7% of the cash flow distributions and recognizes approximately 72.7% of the results of operations.
During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company received $683,000 and $657,435 in cash distributions, respectively.
The following is summarized financial information for the
TIC:| | | December 31, 2017 | |
| ASSETS: | | | | |
| Real estate investments, net | | $ | 32,587,034 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | | 615,436 | |
| Other assets | | | 103,700 | |
| Total assets | | $ | 33,306,170 | |
| | | | | |
| LIABILITIES | | | | |
| Mortgage notes payable, net | | $ | 14,235,256 | |
| Below-market lease, net | | | 3,247,480 | |
| Other liabilities | | | 246,085 | |
| Total liabilities | | | 17,728,821 | |
| TOTAL EQUITY | | | 15,577,349 | |
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | | $ | 33,306,170 | |
| | | Period from September
28, 2017 through
December 31, 2017 | |
| TOTAL REVENUE | | $ | 757,850 | |
| | | | | |
| EXPENSES: | | | | |
| Interest expense | | | 154,339 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | 410,722 | |
| Other expense | | | 151,477 | |
| Total expenses | | | 716,538 | |
| NET INCOME | | $ | 41,312 | |
Santa Clara property as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, |
| 2020 | | 2019 |
| Assets: | | | |
| Real estate investments, net | $ | 29,906,146 | | | $ | 30,858,240 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 380,774 | | | 275,760 | |
| Other assets | 164,684 | | | 228,770 | |
| Total assets | $ | 30,451,604 | | | $ | 31,362,770 | |
| | | |
| Liabilities: | | | |
| Mortgage notes payable, net | $ | 13,489,126 | | | $ | 13,746,635 | |
| Below-market lease, net | 2,806,973 | | | 2,953,360 | |
| Other liabilities | 92,777 | | | 68,587 | |
| Total liabilities | 16,388,876 | | | 16,768,582 | |
| Total equity | 14,062,728 | | | 14,594,188 | |
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 30,451,604 | | | $ | 31,362,770 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended December 31, |
| 2020 | | 2019 |
| Total revenue | $ | 2,694,874 | | | $ | 2,705,126 | |
| | | |
| Expenses: | | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 999,929 | | | 993,564 | |
| Interest expense | 565,778 | | | 574,086 | |
| Other expenses | 721,279 | | | 731,044 | |
| Total expenses | 2,286,986 | | | 2,298,694 | |
| Net income | $ | 407,888 | | | $ | 406,432 | |
REIT I
The Company’s investment
Prior to the Merger on December 31, 2019, the Company had an approximate 4.8% ownership interest in REIT I represented an approximate 4.40% and 4.45% ownership interest as of December 31, 2017 and, 2016 respectively. Through March 31, 2017, theI. The Company had recorded its share of income (losses)loss of REIT I based on estimates of REIT I’s results of operations. In July 2017, REIT I’s consolidated financial statementsoperations for the year ended December 31, 2016 were prepared and audited.2019. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company received $372,351 in cash distributions related to its investment in REIT I. The Company’s sharefollowing is REIT I's summarized results of income (losses) of REIT Ioperations for the year ended December 31, 2016 should have been an2019:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, 2019 |
| Total revenue | | $ | 13,132,226 | |
| | |
| Expenses: | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | 5,787,709 | |
| Interest expense | | 3,425,625 | |
| Other expenses | | 5,342,365 | |
| Total expenses | | 14,555,699 | |
| Other income: | | |
| Gain on sale of real estate investment property, net | | (1,850,845) | |
| Loss on debt restructuring | | 1,964,618 | |
| Total other income | | 113,773 | |
| Net loss | | $ | (1,309,700) | |
NOTE 6. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS DETAILS
Tenant Receivables
Tenant receivables consisted of ($79,271), which was recorded. For the year endedfollowing:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Straight-line rent | | $ | 4,344,388 | | | $ | 3,541,238 | |
| Tenant rent | | 204,775 | | | 420,959 | |
| Tenant reimbursements | | 1,979,963 | | | 1,854,883 | |
| Tenant other | | 136,664 | | | 407,684 | |
| Total | | $ | 6,665,790 | | | $ | 6,224,764 | |
Accounts Payable, Accrued and Other Liabilities
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities were comprised of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Accounts payable | | $ | 1,136,954 | | | $ | 660,111 | |
| Accrued expenses (a) | | 3,068,714 | | | 5,773,214 | |
| Accrued dividends | | 706,106 | | | 962,615 | |
| Accrued interest payable | | 629,628 | | | 1,690,168 | |
| Unearned rent | | 2,033,065 | | | 1,963,896 | |
| Lease incentive obligation | | 5,157 | | | 505,157 | |
| Total | | $ | 7,579,624 | | | $ | 11,555,161 | |
(a) Includes accrued Merger expenses of $1,570,622 as of December 31, 2017, the Company recorded its share2019.
Table of income from REIT I of $169,195, which included $109,309 related to periods prior to January 1, 2017, as described above.The following is summarized financial information for REIT I:
| | | December 31, | |
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| ASSETS: | | | | | | |
| Real estate investments, net | | $ | 131,166,670 | | | $ | 105,462,499 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | | | 6,027,807 | | | | 13,465,152 | |
| Other assets | | | 2,658,777 | | | | 2,479,919 | |
| Total assets | | $ | 139,853,254 | | | $ | 121,407,570 | |
| LIABILITIES | | | | | | | | |
| Mortgage notes payable, net | | $ | 62,277,387 | | | $ | 38,705,103 | |
| Below-market lease, net | | | 3,966,008 | | | | 4,841,757 | |
| Other liabilities | | | 2,937,247 | | | | 3,266,878 | |
| Total liabilities | | | 69,180,642 | | | | 46,813,738 | |
| REDEEMABLE COMMON STOCK | | | 586,242 | | | | 1,229,644 | |
| TOTAL STOCKHOLDER EQUITY | | | 70,086,370 | | | | 73,364,188 | |
| TOTAL LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE COMMON STOCK AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY | | $ | 139,853,254 | | | $ | 121,407,570 | |
| | | | Years ended December 31, | |
| | | | 2017 | | | | 2016 | |
| TOTAL REVENUE | | $ | 12,816,460 | | | $ | 6,414,592 | |
| EXPENSES: | | | | | | | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | 5,654,451 | | | | 3,134,979 | |
| Interest expense | | | 2,503,810 | | | | 768,122 | |
| Other expense | | | 4,033,242 | | | | 4,403,040 | |
| Total expenses | | | 12,191,503 | | | | 8,306,141 | |
| OTHER INCOME: | | | | | | | | |
| Gain on sale of real estate investment property, net | | | 747,957 | | | | - | |
| Other income | | | 22,133 | | | | 161 | |
| Total other income | | | 770,090 | | | | 161 | |
| NET INCOME (LOSS) | | $ | 1,395,047 | | | $ | (1,891,388 | ) |
NOTE 6.7. DEBT
As of December 31,
20172020 and
2016,2019, the Company’s mortgage notes payable consisted of the following:
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | | | | | | | | | |
| Collateral | | Principal
Amount | | | Deferred
Loan Costs,
net | | | Net Balance | | | Principal
Amount | | | Deferred
Loan
Costs, net | | | Net
Balance | | | Contractual
Interest
Rate (1) | | | Effective
Interest
Rate (1) | | | Loan
Maturity |
| Accredo/Walgreen properties | | $ | 7,133,966 | | | $ | (124,763 | ) | | $ | 7,009,203 | | | $ | 7,266,145 | | | $ | (152,444 | ) | | $ | 7,113,701 | | | | 3.95% | | | | 3.95 | % | | 7/1/2021 |
| Dana property | | | 4,709,889 | | | | (125,132 | ) | | | 4,584,757 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4.56% | | | | 4.56 | % | | 4/1/2023 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Six Dollar General
properties | | | 3,951,846 | | | | (153,290 | ) | | | 3,798,556 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4.69% | | | | 4.69 | % | | 4/1/2022 |
| Wyndham property (2) | | | 5,920,800 | | | | (109,936 | ) | | | 5,810,864 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | One-month LIBOR+2.05% | | | | 4.34 | % | | 6/5/2027 |
Williams Sonoma
property (2) | | | 4,699,200 | | | | (85,227 | ) | | | 4,613,973 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | One-month LIBOR+2.05% | | | | 4.05 | % | | 6/5/2022 |
| Omnicare property | | | 4,423,574 | | | | (169,372 | ) | | | 4,254,202 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4.36% | | | | 4.36 | % | | 5/1/2026 |
| Harley property | | | 6,983,418 | | | | (200,811 | ) | | | 6,782,607 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4.25% | | | | 4.25 | % | | 9/1/2024 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Northrop Grumman
property | | | 5,945,655 | | | | (217,584 | ) | | | 5,728,071 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4.40% | | | | 4.40 | % | | 3/2/2021 |
| EMCOR property | | | 2,955,000 | | | | (83,743 | ) | | | 2,871,257 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4.35% | | | | 4.35 | % | | 12/1/2024 |
| exp US Services property | | | 3,505,061 | | | | (140,382 | ) | | | 3,364,679 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | Initial 4.25%; 3.25% + T-Bill index starting 11/18/2022 | | | | 4.25 | % | | 11/17/2024 |
| AvAir property | | | 12,000,000 | | | | (330,866 | ) | | | 11,669,134 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 8.25% | | | | 8.25 | % | | 1/1/2019 |
| | | $ | 62,228,409 | | | $ | (1,741,106 | ) | | $ | 60,487,303 | | | $ | 7,266,145 | | | $ | (152,444 | ) | | $ | 7,113,701 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Collateral | | 2020 Principal Balance | | 2019 Principal Balance | | Contractual
Interest
Rate (1) | | Effective
Interest
Rate (1) | | Loan
Maturity | | Accredo/Walgreens properties (8)(11) | | $ | 8,538,000 | | | $ | 6,853,442 | | | 3.80% | | 3.80% | | 2025-08-01 | | Six Dollar General properties | | 3,747,520 | | | 3,819,264 | | | 4.69% | | 4.69% | | 2022-04-01 | | Dana property | | 4,466,865 | | | 4,551,250 | | | 4.56% | | 4.56% | | 2023-04-01 | | Northrop Grumman property | | 5,518,589 | | | 5,666,866 | | | 4.40% | | 4.40% | | 2022-07-02 | | exp US Services property | | 3,321,931 | | | 3,385,353 | | | (3) | | 4.25% | | 2024-11-17 | | Harley Davidson property (12) | | 0 | | | 6,748,029 | | | 4.25% | | 4.25% | | 2024-09-01 | | Wyndham property (2) | | 5,607,000 | | | 5,716,200 | | | One-month LIBOR + 2.05% | | 4.34% | | 2027-06-05 | | Williams Sonoma property (2) | | 4,438,200 | | | 4,530,600 | | | One-month LIBOR + 2.05% | | 4.34% | | 2022-06-05 | | Omnicare property | | 4,193,171 | | | 4,273,552 | | | 4.36% | | 4.36% | | 2026-05-01 | | EMCOR property | | 2,811,539 | | | 2,862,484 | | | 4.35% | | 4.35% | | 2024-12-01 | | Husqvarna property | | 6,379,182 | | | 6,379,182 | | | (4) | | 4.60% | | 2028-02-20 | | AvAir property (9) | | 19,950,000 | | | 14,575,000 | | | 3.80% | | 3.80% | | 2025-08-01 | | 3M property | | 8,166,000 | | | 8,290,000 | | | One-month LIBOR + 2.25% | | 5.09% | | 2023-03-29 | | Cummins property | | 8,332,200 | | | 8,458,600 | | | One-month LIBOR + 2.25% | | 5.16% | | 2023-04-04 | | Former 24 Hour Fitness property (5)(11) | | 0 | | | 6,283,898 | | | One-month LIBOR + 4.30% | | 4.64% | | 2049-04-01 | | Texas Health property | | 4,363,203 | | | 4,400,000 | | | 4.00% | | 4.00% | | 2024-12-05 | | Bon Secours property | | 5,180,552 | | | 5,250,000 | | | 5.41% | | 5.41% | | 2026-09-15 | | Costco property | | 18,850,000 | | | 18,850,000 | | | 4.85% | | 4.85% | | 2030-01-01 | | Taylor Fresh Foods property | | 12,350,000 | | | 12,350,000 | | | 3.85% | | 3.85% | | 2029-11-01 | | Levins property (6)(13) | | 2,032,332 | | | 2,079,793 | | | One-month LIBOR + 1.93% | | 3.74% | | 2021-01-05 | | Island Pacific Supermarket property (6)(11) | | 0 | | | 1,891,225 | | | One-month LIBOR + 1.93% | | 3.74% | | 2033-05-30 | | Dollar General Bakersfield property (6)(13) | | 2,268,922 | | | 2,324,338 | | | One-month LIBOR + 1.48% | | 3.38% | | 2021-03-05 | | Rite Aid property (6)(11) | | 0 | | | 3,659,338 | | | One-month LIBOR + 1.50% | | 3.25% | | 2021-05-05 | | PMI Preclinical property (6)(13) | | 4,020,418 | | | 4,118,613 | | | One-month LIBOR + 1.48% | | 3.38% | | 2021-03-05 | | EcoThrift property (6)(12) | | 0 | | | 2,639,237 | | | One-month LIBOR + 1.21% | | 2.96% | | 2021-07-05 | | GSA (MSHA) property (6)(13) | | 1,752,092 | | | 1,796,361 | | | One-month LIBOR + 1.25% | | 3.13% | | 2021-08-05 | | PreK Education property (6) | | 5,037,846 | | | 5,140,343 | | | 4.25% | | 4.25% | | 2021-12-01 | | Dinan Cars property (6)(7)(11) | | 0 | | | 2,710,834 | | | 2.76% | | 2.76% | | 2022-01-05 | | Solar Turbines, Wood Group, ITW Rippey properties (6) | | 9,214,700 | | | 9,434,692 | | | 3.35% | | 3.35% | | 2026-11-01 | | Dollar General Big Spring property (6) | | 599,756 | | | 611,161 | | | 4.50% | | 4.50% | | 2022-04-01 | | Gap property (6) | | 3,569,990 | | | 3,643,166 | | | 4.15% | | 4.15% | | 2023-08-01 | | L-3 Communications property (6) | | 5,185,929 | | | 5,284,884 | | | 4.69% | | 4.69% | | 2022-04-01 | | Sutter Health property (6) | | 13,879,655 | | | 14,161,776 | | | 4.50% | | 4.50% | | 2024-03-09 | | Walgreens Santa Maria property (6)(10) | | 3,172,846 | | | 3,000,000 | | | 4.25% | | 4.25% | | 2030-07-16 | | Total mortgage notes payable | | 176,948,438 | | | 195,739,481 | | | | | | | | | Plus: unamortized mortgage premium, net (14) | | 447,471 | | | 489,664 | | | | | | | | | Less: unamortized deferred financing costs | | (1,469,991) | | | (2,189,938) | | | | | | | | | Mortgage notes payable, net | | $ | 175,925,918 | | | $ | 194,039,207 | | | | | | | |
(1)Contractual interest rate represents the interest rate in effect under the mortgage note payable as of December 31, 2020. Effective interest rate is calculated as the actual interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2020, consisting of the contractual interest rate and the effect of the interest rate swap, if applicable (see Note 8 for further information regarding the Company’s derivative instruments).
(2)The loans on each of the Williams Sonoma and Wyndham properties (collectively, the “Property”) located in Summerlin, Nevada were originated by Nevada State Bank (“Bank”). The notes are collateralized by a deed of trust and a security agreement with assignment of rents and fixture filing. In addition, the individual loans are subject to a cross collateralization and cross default agreement whereby any default under, or failure to comply with the terms of any one or both of the notes is an event of default under the terms of both notes. The value of the Property must be in an amount sufficient to maintain a loan to value ratio of no more than 60%. If the loan to value ratio is ever more than 60%, the borrower shall, upon the Bank’s written demand, reduce the principal balance of the notes so that the loan to value ratio is no more than 60%. (3)The initial contractual interest rate is 4.25% and starting November 18, 2022, the interest rate is the U.S. Treasury Bill index rate plus 3.25%. (4)The initial contractual interest rate is 4.60% through February 20, 2023 and then the greater of 4.60% or five-year Treasury Constant Maturity (“TCM”) plus 2.45% through February 20, 2028. (5)The interest rate adjusts in the 133rd, 253rd and 313th months. As discussed in Note 4, during the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $5,664,517 related to its investment in the 24 Hour Fitness property in Las Vegas, Nevada due to the substantial impact on fitness centers from the COVID-19 pandemic and the requirement of an indefinite and potentially extended period of store closures and the resulting inability of the tenant to make rent payments. On April 1, 2020, the Company’s special purpose subsidiary initiated negotiations with the lender on the 24 Hour Fitness property regarding the special purpose subsidiary's request for a deferral of mortgage payments until the tenant resumes paying rent. The lender on this property did not agree to provide any substantial mortgage relief to the Company's special purpose subsidiary, but rather agreed to temporarily reduce its $32,000 monthly mortgage payment by $8,000 for 4 monthly payments from May 2020 through August 2020. On June 15, 2020, the Company received written notice that the lease was formally rejected in connection with 24 Hour Fitness' Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceeding and the premises were surrendered to the Company's subsidiary. The 24 Hour Fitness property was sold on December 15, 2020 as described in Note 4. (6)The loan was acquired through the Merger on December 31, 2019. (7)The Company negotiated a lease termination with Dinan Cars effective January 31, 2020 in exchange for a termination payment from Dinan cars of $783,182 which was used to reduce the principal balance of this mortgage by $650,000 and establish a payment reserve with the remaining $133,182. In connection with the principal prepayment, the Company terminated the related swap agreement on February 4, 2020 at a cost of $47,000. See Note 8 for further discussion of the swap agreement termination and Note 4 for details on the sale of the property on October 28, 2020. (8)The mortgage note with principal balance of $6,853,442 as of December 31, 2019 with an interest rate of 3.95% was refinanced on August 10, 2020 with a new loan for $8,538,000 with an interest rate of 3.80%, secured only by the Accredo property and is scheduled to mature on August 1, 2025. In connection with this refinancing, the mortgage note balance for the Walgreens Stockbridge, Georgia property was fully repaid. (9)The mortgage note with original principal of $14,575,000 as of December 31, 2019 with an effective interest rate of 4.84% was refinanced on July 29, 2020 with a new loan for $19,950,000 with an interest rate of 3.80%, secured only by the AvAir property and which will mature on August 1, 2020. (10)The mortgage note of $3,000,000 as of December 31, 2019 with an interest rate of 7.50% was refinanced on July 22, 2020 for $3,217,500 with an interest rate of 4.25%, and is scheduled to mature on July 16, 2030. (11)The Rite Aid property was sold on August 3, 2020, the Walgreens property on August 27, 2020, the Island Pacific property on September 16, 2020, the Dinan Cars property on October 28, 2020 and the property formerly leased to 24 Hour Fitness was sold on December 15, 2020. (12)The December 31, 2020 principal amount is included in mortgage notes payable related to investments held for sale, net (see details below). (13)The mortgage note was refinanced on March 5, 2021 with a new note bearing an interest rate of 3.65% - 3.75%, with a five to seven year term. See Note 11 for additional information. (14)Represents unamortized net mortgage premium acquired through the Merger. The following summarizes the face value, carrying amount and fair value of the Company’s mortgage notes payable (Level 3 measurement) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2020 | | 2019 | | | Face Value | | Carrying
Value | | Fair Value | | Face Value | | Carrying
Value | | Fair Value | | Mortgage notes payable | | $ | 176,948,438 | | | $ | 175,925,918 | | | $ | 177,573,106 | | | $ | 195,739,481 | | | $ | 194,039,207 | | | $ | 200,535,334 | |
Disclosures of the fair values of financial instruments is based on pertinent information available to the Company as of the period end and require a significant amount of judgment. The actual value could be materially different from the Company’s estimate of value. Mortgage Notes Payable Related to Real Estate Investments Held For Sale, Net As discussed in detail in Note 4, the Company classified 4 properties as real estate held for sale as of December 31, 2020. The following table summarizes the Company's mortgage notes payable related to real estate investments held for sale as of December 31, 2020: | | | | | | | | | | Collateral | | December 31, 2017. Effective interest rate is calculated as the actual interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2017 (consisting of the contractual interest rate and the effect of the interest rate swap, if applicable). For further information regarding the Company’s derivative instruments, see Note 6.2020 | | Harley Davidson property | | $ | 6,623,346 | | | EcoThrift property | | 2,573,509 | | | Total | | 9,196,855 | | | Plus unamortized mortgage premium | | 1,550 | | | Less deferred financing costs | | (109,967) | | | Mortgage notes payable related to real estate investments held for sale, net | | $ | 9,088,438 | |
| (2) | The loans on each of the Williams Sonoma and Wyndham properties (collectively, the “Property”) located in Summerlin, Nevada were originated by Nevada State Bank (“Bank”). The loans are collateralized by a deed of trust and a security agreement with assignment of rents and fixture filing. In addition, the individual loans are subject to a cross collateralization and cross default agreement whereby any default under, or failure to comply with the terms of any one or both of the loans is an event of default under the terms of both loans. The value of the Property must be in an amount sufficient to maintain a loan to value ratio of no more than 60%. If the loan to value ratio is ever more than 60%, the borrower shall, upon the Bank’s written demand, reduce the principal balance of the loans so that the loan to value ratio is no more than 60%. |
Unsecured Credit Facility, Net The details of the Company's unsecured credit facility as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 follow: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | December 31, | | | 2020 | | 2019 | | Unsecured credit facility | | $ | 6,000,000 | | | $ | 7,740,000 | | | Less unamortized deferred financing costs | | (21,724) | | | (90,139) | | | Unsecured credit facility, net | | $ | 5,978,276 | | | $ | 7,649,861 | |
On June 7, 2016,December 19, 2019, the Company, NNN LP, the Operating Partnership, (“Borrower”Merger Sub, BrixInvest and modiv, LLC (collectively, the “Borrowers”) entered into a credit agreementLoan and Security Agreement (the “Unsecured Credit Agreement”Facility”) with Pacific Mercantile Bank (“Lender”PMB”). Pursuant toThe Unsecured Credit Facility is a line of credit for a maximum principal amount of $12,000,000, and as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Unsecured Credit Agreement,Facility had an outstanding balance of $6,000,000 and $7,740,000, respectively. On March 13, 2020, the Borrower has a $12,000,000 unsecured credit facility with an interest rate equalCompany amended the Unsecured Credit Facility to 1% over an independent index, that isextend the highest rate on corporate loans posted by at least 75%maturity date of $6,940,000 of the thirty (30) largest banks in the United States, known as The Wall Street Journal Prime Rate, as published in the Wall Street Journal. Paymentsoutstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Agreement are interest onlyFacility from March 31, 2020 to July 31, 2020, and are due onto extend the 15th day of each month. The Unsecured Credit Agreement initially had a maturity date of June 15, 2017. $3,060,000 of the outstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility from May 4, 2020 to August 31, 2020. On May 12, 2017,August 13, 2020, the Company amended the Unsecured Credit Facility to extend the maturity date of $6,000,000 of the outstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility to September 1, 2020 and the maturity date of the Unsecured Credit Agreement was extended to October 28, 2017. On October 4, 2017, the maturity dateremaining $6,000,000 of the unsecured credit agreement was extended to January 26, 2018. The effective interest rate foroutstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Agreement duringFacility to October 15, 2021. The Company repaid $6,000,000 of the year ended$12,000,000 then outstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility with proceeds generated by property refinancings and asset sales in August 2020. Under the August 13, 2020 amendment, there is a moratorium on new borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility until the remaining $6,000,000 is fully repaid. The Company paid PMB $25,000 in loan extension and modification fees in connection with the August 13, 2020 amendment. In connection with the August 13, 2020 amendment to the Unsecured Credit Facility, the Company's Chairman, Mr. Wirta and the Wirta Family Trust (the “Wirta Trust”) guaranteed the Company’s obligations under the Unsecured Credit Facility. On July 30, 2020, the Company entered into an indemnification agreement with Mr. Wirta and the Wirta Trust with respect to their guarantees of the Company’s $12,000,000 Unsecured Credit Facility with PMB pursuant to which the Company agreed to indemnify Mr. Wirta and the Wirta Trust if they are required to make payments to PMB pursuant to such guarantees. Under the terms of the Unsecured Credit Facility, the Borrowers pay a variable rate of interest on outstanding amounts equal to 1 percentage point over the prime rate published in The Wall Street Journal, provided that the interest rate in effect on any one day shall not be less than 5.50% per annum. The interest rate was 5.50% and 5.75% as of December 31, 2017 was 5.14%.2020 and 2019, respectively. The current interest rate is 5.50%, which is the minimum rate.
To secure the payment and performance of all obligations under the Unsecured Credit Agreement is guaranteedFacility, each of modiv, LLC and BrixInvest granted to PMB a security interest in the amountall of $12,000,000 bytheir right, title and interest in their accounts, inventory, equipment, deposit accounts, intellectual property, general intangibles, investment property and other property. On March 29, 2021, the Company Rich Uncles NNN LP, LLC, Harold Hofer and Ray Wirta and trusts affiliated with the aforementioned individuals. The guarantees are to be released once the Company has book equity of $60,000,000.On February 1, 2018, the Company, the Operating Partnership and the Limited Partner (collectively the “Borrower”) entered into a new credit agreement (“Newfacility with Banc of California (the “New Credit Facility”) for an aggregate line of credit of $22,000,000 with a maturity date of March 30, 2023, which replaced the Lender. PursuantUnsecured Credit Facility. The Company borrowed $6,000,000 under the New Credit Facility and repaid the $6,000,000 that was owed to PMB on March 31, 2021. The New Credit Facility provides the Company with a $17,000,000 revolving line of credit for real estate acquisitions (including the $6,000,000 borrowed to repay PMB) and an additional $5,000,000 revolving line of credit for working capital. Under the terms of the New Credit Facility, the Borrower hasCompany will pay a $9,000,000 unsecured credit facility with anvariable rate of interest rateon outstanding amounts equal to 1%1 percentage point over the prime rate published in The Wall Street Journal, Prime Rate index.provided that the interest rate in effect on any one day shall not be less than 4.75% per annum. The Company paid Banc of California origination fees of $77,000 in connection with the New Credit Facility and will pay an unused commitment fee of 0.15% per annum of the unused portion of the New Credit Facility, charged quarterly in arrears based on the average unused commitment available under the New Credit Facility. The New Credit Facility matures on January 26, 2019.
is secured by substantially all of the Company’s tangible and intangible assets, including intellectual property. The New Credit Facility requires the Company to maintain a minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.25 to 1.00 and minimum tangible NAV (as defined in the loan agreement) of $120,000,000, measured quarterly. Mr. Wirta, the Company’s Chairman, has guaranteed the $6,000,000 initial borrowing, which guarantee will expire upon repayment of the $6,000,000 which is due by September 30, 2021. Mr. Wirta has also guaranteed the $5,000,000 revolving line of credit for working capital. On March 29, 2021, the Company entered into an updated indemnification agreement with Mr. Wirta and the Wirta Trust with respect to their guarantees of borrowings under the New Credit Facility. The New Credit Facility contains customary representations, warranties and covenants, which are substantially similar to those in the Company's Unsecured Credit Agreement.Facility. The Company’s ability to borrow under the New Credit Facility will be subject to its ongoing compliance with various affirmative and negative covenants, including with respect to indebtedness, guaranties, mergers and asset sales, liens, dividends, corporate existence and financial reporting obligations. The New Credit Facility also contains customary events of default, including, without limitation, nonpayment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts when due, violation of covenants, breaches of representations or warranties and change of ownership. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, LenderBanc of California may accelerate the repayment of amounts outstanding under the New Credit Facility, take possession of any collateral securing the New Credit Facility and exercise other remedies subject, in certain instances, to the expiration of an applicable cure period. The New Credit Facility is secured by guarantees executed by Raymond Wirta, Chairman of the Board
Economic Relief Note Payable On April 20, 2020, a subsidiary of the Company entered into a trust belongingloan agreement and promissory note evidencing an unsecured loan in the aggregate amount of $517,000 made to Mr. Wirta, Harold Hofer, Presidentthis subsidiary under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Chief Executive OfficerEconomic Security Act (“CARES Act”). The PPP is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”). Under the terms of the CARES Act, PPP loan recipients can apply for and be granted forgiveness for all or a portion of the loan granted under the PPP. Such forgiveness will be determined, subject to limitations, based on the use of loan proceeds for payment of payroll costs and any payments of mortgage interest, rent, and utilities. Modifications to the PPP by the U.S. Treasury and the Paycheck Protection Program Flexibility Act of 2020 extended the time period for loan forgiveness beyond the original eight-week period to 24 weeks, making it possible for the Company's subsidiary to apply for forgiveness of 100% of its PPP loan prior to December 31, 2020 and the deadline was later extended to February 15, 2021. The PPP loan was made through PMB. In December 2020, the subsidiary of the Company submitted its application for forgiveness of the total amount of the loan to PMB. After PMB’s review, the Company updated its forgiveness application on February 10, 2021, PMB submitted the application to the SBA on February 10, 2021, and on February 16, 2021, the subsidiary of the Company was notified by PMB that the Company's application for forgiveness of the PPP loan had been approved by the SBA.
Short-term Notes Payable In connection with the Self-Management Transaction, the Company assumed from BrixInvest its unsecured short-term notes payable (formerly known as “Convertible Promissory Notes”) of $4,800,000 on December 31, 2019. The notes represented private party notes and bore interest at a trust belongingfixed rate of 8% with all interest and principal due on the maturity date. Except for a portion of six notes from one borrower aggregating $1,024,750 for which the maturity date was extended to Mr. Hofer, eachApril 30, 2020, all notes were repaid prior to March 31, 2020. In exchange for the maturity date extension, the Company agreed to pay 2% of the principal and accrued interest, or $24,845, as an extension fee and agreed to an increase in the amountinterest rate from 8% to 10% per annum during the extension period. The maturity date for the $490,000 of $9,000,000. Such guaranties become effective upon certain triggering events, including an event of default under the New Credit Facilityextended short-term notes was subsequently accelerated to April 6, 2020 in exchange for a $10,000 reduction in the extension fee to $14,845 and the failure by Borrowers to pay one or more subsequent advances within 90 days of disbursements.these notes were repaid on April 6, 2020. Debt Maturities The following summarizes the future principal repayments of the Company’s mortgage notes payable, unsecured credit facility and Unsecured Credit Facilityshort-term notes payable as of December 31, 2017:| | | Mortgage Notes
Payable | | | Unsecured
Credit Facility | | | Total | | | 2018 | | $ | 893,957 | | | $ | 12,000,000 | (1) | | $ | 12,893,957 | | | 2019 | | | 12,936,994 | | | | - | | | | 12,936,994 | | | 2020 | | | 974,540 | | | | - | | | | 974,540 | | | 2021 | | | 7,571,163 | | | | - | | | | 7,571,163 | | | 2022 | | | 13,923,743 | | | | - | | | | 13,923,743 | | | Thereafter | | | 25,928,012 | | | | - | | | | 25,928,012 | | | Total principal | | | 62,228,409 | | | | 12,000,000 | | | | 74,228,409 | | | Deferred financing costs, net | | | (1,741,106 | ) | | | - | | | | (1,741,106 | ) | | Total | | $ | 60,487,303 | | | $ | 12,000,000 | | | $ | 72,487,303 | |
(1) The principal balance2020:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Mortgage Notes
Payable | |
Credit Facility | | Total | | 2021 | $ | 17,091,541 | | | $ | 6,000,000 | | | $ | 23,091,541 | | | 2022 | 20,873,759 | | | 0 | | | 20,873,759 | | | 2023 | 25,642,649 | | | 0 | | | 25,642,649 | | | 2024 | 24,599,437 | | | 0 | | | 24,599,437 | | | 2025 | 30,781,473 | | | 0 | | | 30,781,473 | | | Thereafter | 57,959,579 | | | 0 | | | 57,959,579 | | | Total principal | 176,948,438 | | | 6,000,000 | | | 182,948,438 | | | Plus: unamortized mortgage premium, net of discount | 447,471 | | | 0 | | | 447,471 | | | Less: deferred financing costs, net | (1,469,991) | | | (21,724) | | | (1,491,715) | | | Total | $ | 175,925,918 | | | $ | 5,978,276 | | | $ | 181,904,194 | |
Compliance with All Debt Agreements Pursuant to the terms of mortgage notes payable on certain of the Company’s properties and the Unsecured Credit Facility, was repaid on February 1, 2018.the Company and/or the Borrowers are subject to certain financial loan covenants. The Company and/or the Borrowers were in compliance with all terms and conditions of the applicable loan agreements as of December 31, 2020. On March 27, 2020, the Company's conflicts committee and board of directors approved an increase in the Company's maximum leverage from 50% to 55% in order to allow the Company to take advantage of the current low interest rate environment, the relative cost of debt and equity capital, and strategic borrowing advantages potentially available to the Company.
Interest Expense The following is a reconciliation of the components of interest expense:| | | Year Ended December 31 | | | | | 2017 | | | 2016 | | | Mortgage notes payable | | | | | | | | | | Interest expense (1) | | $ | 1,197,582 | | | $ | 154,625 | | | Amortization of deferred financing costs | | | 168,546 | | | | 18,222 | | | Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps (see Note 7) | | | (7,899 | ) | | | - | | | Unsecured credit facility | | | | | | | | | | Interest expense | | | 248,637 | | | | 219,874 | | | Amortization of deferred financing costs | | | 1,118 | | | | 1,429 | | | Forfeited loan fee | | | 30,000 | | | | 960 | | | Total interest expense | | $ | 1,637,984 | | | $ | 395,110 | |
| (1) | Includes $45,728 and $0 for years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, of monthly payments to settle the Company’s interest rate swaps. Accrued interest payable of $6,231 at December 31, 2017 represents the unsettled portion of the interest rate swaps for the period from origination of the interest rate swap through December 31, 2017. The Company had no swap agreements as of December 31, 2016. |
expense for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019: | | | | | | | | | | | | | Years Ended December 31, | | 2020 | | 2019 | | Mortgage notes payable: | | | | | Interest expense | $ | 8,470,248 | | | $ | 5,698,606 | | | Amortization of deferred financing costs | 937,564 | | | 601,658 | | | Loss on interest rate swaps (1) | 1,172,781 | | | 843,174 | | | Unsecured credit facility: | | | | | Interest expense | 527,047 | | | 190,130 | | | Amortization of deferred financing costs | 128,171 | | | 36,542 | | | Other loan fees | 224,936 | | | 12,500 | | | Total interest expense | $ | 11,460,747 | | | $ | 7,382,610 | |
(1)Includes unrealized loss on interest rate swaps of $770,898 and $820,496 for years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively (see Note 8). Accrued interest payable of $45,636 and $22,282 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, represents the unsettled portion of the interest rate swaps for the period from origination of the interest rate swap through the respective balance sheet dates. NOTE 7.8. INTEREST RATE SWAP DERIVATIVES The primary goal of the Company’s risk management practices related to interest rate risk is to prevent changes in interest rates from adversely impacting the Company’s ability to achieve its investment return objectives.
The Company, does not enter into derivatives for speculative purposes.The Company enters into interest rate swaps as a fixed rate payer to mitigatethrough its exposure to rising interest rates on its variable rate mortgage notes payable. The value of interest rate swaps is primarily impacted by interest rates, market expectations about interest rates, and the remaining life of the applicable instrument. In general, increases in interest rates, or anticipated increases in interest rates, will increase the value of the fixed rate payer position and decrease the value of the variable rate payer position. As the remaining life of the interest rate swap decreases, the value of both positions will generally move towards zero.
During June 2017, the Company (or wholly owned limited liability company subsidiaries)subsidiaries, has entered into interest rate swap agreements with amortizing notional amounts relating to two4 of its mortgage notes payable. The following table summarizespayable and assumed 8 additional swap agreements in conjunction with the notional amountMerger. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company terminated 3 swap agreements and other informationclassified 1 swap agreement to liabilities related to the Company’s interest rate swapsreal estate investments assets held for sale. The reclassified swap agreement corresponds to a mortgage note payable reclassified to mortgage note payable related to a real estate investments asset held for sale as of December 31, 2017.2020. The notional amount is an indication of the extent of the Company’s involvement in each instrument at that time, but does not represent exposure to credit, interest rate or market risks:
| | | December 31, 2017 | | | | | | | | | Derivative
Instruments | | Number of
Instruments | | | Notional Amount
(i) | | | Reference Rate as
of 6/30/2016 | | Weighted Average
Fixed Pay Rate | | | Weighted Average
Remaining Term | Interest Rate
Swap Derivatives | | | 2 | | | $ | 10,620,000 | | | One-month LIBOR + applicable spread/Fixed at 4.05%-4.34% | | | 4.21 | % | | 7.21 years |
| (i) | The notional amount of the Company’s swaps decreases each month to correspond to the outstanding principal balance on the related mortgage. The minimum notional amount (outstanding principal balance at the maturity date) as of December 31, 2017 was $9,083,700. |
risks. The following table summarizes the notional amount and other information related to the Company’s interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | December 31, 2020 | | December 31, 2019 | Derivative
Instruments | | Number
of
Instruments | | Notional Amount (i) | | Reference
Rate (ii) | | Weighted
Average
Fixed
Pay Rate | | Weighted
Average
Remaining
Term | | Number
of
Instruments | | Notional Amount (i) | | Reference
Rate (iii) | | Weighted
Average
Fixed
Pay Rate | | Weighted
Average
Remaining
Term | Interest Rate
Swap Derivatives | | 8 | | $ | 36,617,164 | | | One-month LIBOR + applicable spread/Fixed at 3.13%-5.16% | | 3.35 | % | | 2.2 years | | 12 | | | $ | 48,215,139 | | | One-month LIBOR + applicable spread/Fixed at 2.76%-5.16% | | 3.87 | % | | 2.9 years |
(i)The notional amount of the Company’s swaps decreases each month to correspond to the outstanding principal balance on the related mortgage. The minimum notional amounts (outstanding principal balance at the maturity date) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 were $34,989,063 and $45,514,229, respectively. (ii)The reference rate was as of December 31, 2020. (iii)The reference rate was as of December 31, 2019.
The following table sets forth the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments (Level 2 measurement), as well as their classification in the consolidated balance sheetsheets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | December 31, 2020 | | December 31, 2019 | | Derivative Instrument | | Balance Sheet Location | | Number of
Instruments | | Fair Value | | Number of
Instruments | | Fair Value | | Interest Rate Swaps | | Asset - Interest rate swap derivatives, at fair value (*) | | 0 | | $ | 0 | | | 5 | | | $ | 34,567 | | | Interest Rate Swaps | | Liability - Interest rate swap derivatives, at fair value (*) | | 8 | | $ | (1,743,889) | | | 7 | | | $ | (1,021,724) | |
(*) The fair value of the 5 interest rate swap derivative assets and 3 interest rate derivative liabilities assumed from the Merger was $34,567 and $(51,514), respectively, as of December 31, 2017:| Derivative Instrument | | Balance Sheet Location | | Number of
Instruments | | | Fair Value | | | Interest Rate Swaps | | Asset – Interest rate swap derivatives, at fair value | | | 2 | | | $ | 7,899 | |
2019. The change in fair value of a derivative instrument that is not designated as a cash flow hedge for financial accounting purposes is recorded as interest expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. None of the Company’s derivatives at December 31, 20172020 or 2019 were designated as hedging instruments; therefore, the net realized gainunrealized losses recognized on interest rate swaps of $7,899 was$770,898 and $820,496, respectively, were recorded as a reductionincreases in interest expense for year ended December 31, 2017.NOTE 8. FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES
The fair value for certain financial instruments is derived using valuation techniques that involve significant management judgment. The price transparency of financial instruments is a key determinant of the degree of judgment involved in determining the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments. Financial instruments for which actively quoted prices or pricing parameters are available2020 and for which markets contain orderly transactions will generally have a higher degree of price transparency than financial instruments for which markets are inactive or consist of non-orderly trades. The Company evaluates several factors when determining if a market is inactive or when market transactions are not orderly. The following is a summary of the methods and assumptions used by management in estimating the fair value of each class of financial instrument for which it is practicable to estimate the fair value:
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, tenant receivables, purchase and other deposits, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other liabilities, due to affiliates, investor deposits and share purchases payable: These balances approximate their fair values due to the short maturities of these items.
2019, respectively (see Note 7). Unsecured credit facility: The fair value of the Company’s unsecured credit facility approximates its carrying value as the interest rates are variable and the balances approximate their fair values due to the short maturities of this facility.
Mortgage note payable: The fair value of the Company’s mortgage note payable is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on management’s estimates of current market interest rates for instruments with similar characteristics, including remaining loan term, loan-to-value ratio, type of collateral and other credit enhancements. Additionally, when determining the fair value of liabilities in circumstances in which a quoted price in an active market for an identical liability is not available, the Company measures fair value using (i) a valuation technique that uses the quoted price of the identical liability when traded as an asset or quoted prices for similar liabilities or similar liabilities when traded as assets or (ii) another valuation technique that is consistent with the principles of fair value measurement, such as the income approach or the market approach. The Company classifies these inputs as Level 3 inputs.
The following were the face value, carrying amount and fair value of the Company’s mortgage notes payable as of December 31, 2017 and 2016:
| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | | | | | Face value | | | Carrying
value | | | Fair value | | | Face value | | | Carrying
value | | | Fair value | | | Mortgage notes payable | | $ | 62,228,408 | | | $ | 60,487,303 | | | $ | 62,363,284 | | | $ | 7,266,145 | | | $ | 7,113,701 | | | $ | 7,226,145 | |
Disclosures of the fair values of financial instruments is based on pertinent information available to the Company as of the period end and requires a significant amount of judgment. The actual value could be materially different from the Company’s estimate of value.
NOTE 9. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS The Company paid its independentpays the members of its board of directors who are not executive officers for services rendered.rendered through cash payments and by issuing shares of Class C common stock to them. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the total fees incurred for board services were $407,083 and $372,500, respectively, of which $21,250 and $57,500 were unpaid as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The total amountfees paid was $163,000in cash were $50,000 and $98,000$0 for the years ended December 31, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively. The fees paid by issuing shares of Class C common stock were $357,083 and $315,000 during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. For the fees paid in Class C common stock, the Company has entered into an agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”)issued 16,786 and 10,335 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split), respectively. In conjunction with the Advisor. This agreement entitlesSelf-Management Transaction effective December 31, 2019, the Advisory Agreement was terminated. The Advisory Agreement entitled the Former Advisor to specified fees upon the provision of certain services with regard to the investment of fundsinvestments in real estate investments,and the management of those investments, among other services, and the disposition of investments, as well as entitlesentitled the Former Advisor to reimbursement of organizational and offering costs incurred by the Former Advisor or Former Sponsor on behalf of the Company, such as expenses related to the Offerings, and certain costs incurred by the Former Advisor or Former Sponsor in providing services to the Company. In addition, the Former Advisor iswas entitled to certain other fees, including an incentive fee upon achieving certain performance goals, as detailed in the Advisory Agreement. The Former Sponsor also servesserved as the sponsor for Rich Uncles REIT I. I and BRIX REIT. Effective February 3, 2020, the Company's indirect subsidiary, modiv Advisors, LLC, became the advisor to BRIX REIT. During the years ended December 31, 20172020 and 2016,2019, no other business transactions occurred between the Company and Rich UnclesBRIX REIT, other than minor expenses advanced and, during the year ended December 31, 2019, no business transactions occurred between the Company and REIT I, other than as described below or elsewhere herein, and those relating to the Company’s investment in Rich Uncles REIT I.I before the Merger, as described in Notes 3 and 5. On March 2, 2020, the Company borrowed a total of $4,000,000, secured by mortgages on its 2 Chevron properties, from the Company's Chairman, Mr. Wirta. The Company's conflicts committee approved the terms of these mortgages which bore interest at an annual rate of 8% and were scheduled to mature on June 2, 2020. On June 1, 2020, the maturity date of these mortgages was extended to September 1, 2020 on the same terms, along with an option for a further extension to November 30, 2020 at the Company’s election prior to August 18, 2020, which the Company elected not to exercise. On July 31, 2020 and August 28, 2020, the mortgages secured by the Chevron San Jose, CA property and Chevron Roseville, CA property, each for $2,000,000, were repaid along with all related accrued interest.
There were 0 related party costs, including those incurred pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 0 related party receivable and payable as of December 31, 2020. Summarized below are the related party costs incurred by the Company including those incurred pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, for the years endedand related party receivable and payable as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively:| | | Year ended
December 31,
2017 | | | December 31, 2017 | | | Year ended
December 31,
2016 | | | December 31, 2016 | | | | | Incurred | | | Receivable | | | Payable | | | Incurred | | | Receivable | | | Payable | | | Expensed: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Acquisition fees | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 474,121 | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | Asset management fees (2) | | | 872,281 | | | | - | | | | 567,661 | | | | 116,952 | | | | - | | | | 29,577 | | | Subordinated participation fees | | | 315,802 | | | | - | | | | 315,802 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | Fees to affiliates | | | 1,188,083 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 591,073 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Property management fees* | | | 20,251 | | | | - | | | | 7,969 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | Expense reimbursements from Sponsor (1) | | | (2,324,598 | ) | | | 34,194 | | | | - | | | | (951,601 | ) | | | 79,862 | | | | - | | | Waiver of asset management fees (2) | | | (143,540 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (27,501 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | Capitalized: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Acquisition fees | | | 3,661,684 | (7) | | | - | | | | - | | | | 505,608 | | | | - | | | | 274,200 | | | Financing coordination fees | | | 326,600 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | Additional paid-in-capital: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Reimbursable organizational and offering expenses (3) | | | 1,986,147 | | | | - | | | | 15,945 | | | | 731,315 | | | | - | | | | 79,645 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Other: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Costs advanced by Rich Uncles REIT I | | | 48,418 | (4) | | | - | | | | - | | | | 28,571 | | | | 28,571 | (5) | | | - | | | Contribution payable to TIC (6) | | | 363,168 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | | | | | | $ | 34,194 | | | $ | 907,377 | | | | | | | $ | 108,433 | | | $ | 383,422 | |
2019: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year Ended December 31,
2019 | | December 31, 2019 | | | Incurred | | Receivable | | Payable | | Expensed: | | | | | | | | Asset management fees (1) | | $ | 2,777,021 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | Reimbursable operating expense | | 528,000 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | Fees to affiliates | | 3,305,021 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | Property management fees* | | 224,922 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | Directors and officers insurance and other reimbursements ** | | 250,892 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | Expense reimbursements from Former Sponsor (2) | | (332,337) | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | Capitalized: | | | | | | | | Acquisition fees | | 746,459 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | Financing coordination fees | | 107,500 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | Reimbursable organizational and offering expenses (3) | | 1,206,881 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | Other: | | | | | | | | Due from BRIX REIT (4) | | 0 | | | 1,378 | | | 0 | | | Due from TIC | | 0 | | | 954 | | | 0 | | | Notes due to Chairman of the Board | | 0 | | | 0 | | | $ | 630,820 | | | | | | $ | 2,332 | | | $ | 630,820 | |
* Property management fees are classified within property operating expenses on the accompanyingconsolidated statements of operations. ** Directors and officers insurance and other reimbursements are classified within general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statements of operations. | (1) | The Company records payroll costs related to Company employees that answer questions from prospective stockholders. The Sponsor has agreed to reimburse the Company for these investor relations payroll costs which the Sponsor considers to be offering expenses in accordance with the Advisory Agreement. The receivable related to this is reflected in “Due from affiliates” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
|
| (2) | To the extent the Advisor elects, in its sole discretion to defer all or any portion of its monthly asset management fee, the Advisor will be deemed to have waived, not deferred, that portion up to 0.025% of the total investment value of the Company’s assets. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Advisor waived $143,540 and $27,501, respectively, of asset management fees, which are not subject to future recoupment by the Advisor. |
| (3) | As of December 31, 2017, the Sponsor had incurred $6,924,999 of organizational and offering costs on behalf of the Company. However, the Company is only obligated to reimburse the Sponsor for such organizational and offering expenses to the extent of 3% of gross offering proceeds. |
| (4) | The Company incurred $48,418 for year ended December 31, 2017 of interest on its unsecured credit facility. This amount was the result of a bank error. The monthly interest payment that was due on the unsecured credit facility was withdrawn from REIT I’s bank account rather than from the Company’s bank account. These amounts were repaid during the year ended December 31, 2017. |
| (5) | The Company incurred $28,571 of costs in conjunction with due diligence for a property acquisition which were owed to the Company from Rich Uncles REIT I as of December 31, 2016 and were repaid during the year ended December 31, 2017. |
| (6) | After closing the acquisition of the Santa Clara property, the Company received $363,168 from the title company. These proceeds represent cash received by the title company in excess of the amounts needed to acquire the property. At December 31, 2017, these proceeds were paid in full to the TIC which owns the property. |
| (7) | Includes $626,073 relating to the Santa Clara property. See Related Party Transactions with Unconsolidated Entities. |
(1)To the extent the Former Advisor elected, in its sole discretion, to defer all or any portion of its monthly asset management fee, the Former Advisor was deemed to have waived, not deferred, that portion up to 0.025% of the total investment value of the Company’s assets. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Former Advisor did 0t waive any of the asset management fees. In addition to amounts presented in this table, the Company also incurred asset management fees to the Former Advisor of $191,933 related to the TIC Interest during the year ended December 31, 2019, which amount was reflected as reductions of income recognized from investments in unconsolidated entities (see Note 5). (2)Includes payroll costs related to Company employees that answer questions from prospective stockholders. See “Investor Relations Payroll Compensation Expense Reimbursements from Former Sponsor” below. The Former Sponsor agreed to reimburse the Company for these investor relations compensation costs which the Former Sponsor considered to be offering expenses in accordance with the Advisory Agreement which was terminated effective September 30, 2019. The expense reimbursements from the Former Sponsor for the year ended December 31, 2019 also include a refund of $40,915 of employment related legal fees, which the Former Sponsor agreed to reimburse the Company. (3)Through the termination date on September 30, 2019, the Former Sponsor incurred $9,224,997 of organizational and offering costs on behalf of the Company. However, the Company was only obligated to reimburse the Former Sponsor for such organizational and offering expenses to the extent of 3% of gross offering proceeds. (4)The receivables represent incidental expenses advanced to BRIX REIT, which included unpaid asset management fees of $285,818 due from BRIX REIT, which were fully reserved and the Company agreed to waive in May 2020 given the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on BRIX REIT.
Organizational and Offering Costs Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the
The Company iswas obligated to reimburse the Former Sponsor or its affiliates for organizational and offering expenses (as defined byin the Sponsor)Advisory Agreement) paid by the Former Sponsor on behalf of the Company. The Company will reimbursereimbursed the Former Sponsor for organizational and offering expenses up to 3.0%3% of gross offering proceeds. Pursuant to an amendment to the Advisory Agreement dated October 14, 2019, the Company agreed to pay all future organizational and offering costs, and to no longer be reimbursed by the Former Sponsor for investor relations personnel costs after September 30, 2019, in exchange for the Former Sponsor's agreement to terminate its right to receive 3% of all offering proceeds as reimbursement for organizational and offering costs paid by the Former Sponsor. The Former Sponsor and its affiliates will bewere responsible for any organizational and offering expenses to the extent they exceed 3.0%exceeded 3% of gross offering proceeds. As of December 31, 2017,proceeds through September 30, 2019. Through September 30, 2019, the Former Sponsor hashad incurred organizational and offering expenses in excess of 3.0%3% of the gross offering proceeds received by the Company. To the extentThrough September 30, 2019, the Company has more gross offering proceeds from future stockholders, the Company will be obligated to reimburse the Sponsor. As the amount of future gross offering proceeds is uncertain, the amount the Company is obligated to reimburse to the Sponsor is uncertain. As of December 31, 2017, the Company has reimbursed the Former Sponsor $2,707,517$5,429,105 in organizational and offering costs. Thecosts, which was the Company’s maximum liability for organizational and offering costs through December 31, 2017 was $2,723,462, of which $15,945 was payable as of December 31, 2017 and is included in “Due to affiliates” in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
costs. Investor Relations PayrollCompensation Expense Reimbursements from Former Sponsor The Company employs investor personnel thatto answer inquiries from potential and existing investors regarding the Company and/or its Registered Offering.Offerings. The payroll expense associated with the investor relations personnel iswas reimbursed by the Sponsor.Former Sponsor through September 30, 2019. The Former Sponsor considersconsidered these payroll costs to be offering expenses. The amount of payroll expense reimbursements from the Former Sponsor through September 30, 2019 was $373,252, which was partially offset by a refund of employment related legal costs of $40,915. The Company shall paypaid the Former Advisor a fee in an amount equal to 3.0%3% of the Company’s contract purchase price of itsthe Company’s properties as defined,plus additions to real estate investments as acquisition fees. The total of all acquisition fees and acquisition expenses shallwas required to be reasonable and shallwas not to exceed 6.0%6% of the contract price of the property. However, a majority of the directors (including a majority of the independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction mayhad the authority to approve fees in excess of these limits if they determinedetermined the transaction to be commercially competitive, fair and reasonable to the Company. Acquisition fees incurred were $746,459 during the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company shall pay topaid the Former Advisor, as compensation for the advisory services rendered to the Company, a monthly fee in an amount equal to 0.1% of the Company’s total investment value, as defined in the Advisory Agreement (the “Asset Management Fee”), as of the end of the preceding month.month plus the book value of any properties acquired during the month pro-rated based on the number of days owned. The Asset Management Fee shall bewas payable monthly on the last day of such month, or the first business day following the last day of such month. The Asset Management Fee, which mustwas required to be reasonable in the determination of the Company’s independent directors at least annually, maywas to be taken or may not be taken,waived, in whole or in part as to any year, in the sole discretion of the Former Advisor. All or any portion of the Asset Management Fee not paid as to any fiscal year shallwas allowed to be deferred without interest and may be paid in such other fiscal year as the Former Advisor shall determine.determined. Additionally, to the extent the Former Advisor elects,elected, in its sole discretion, to defer all or any portion of its monthly Asset Management Fee, the Former Advisor will bewas deemed to have waived, not deferred, that portion of its monthly Asset Management Fee that iswas up to 0.025% of the total investment value of the Company’s assets. The total amount of Asset Management Fees incurred induring the yearsyear ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were $872,281 and 116,952, respectively,2019 was $2,777,021, of which $143,540 and $27,501, respectively,0ne was waived. Asset Management Fees payable at December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $567,661 and $29,577, respectively.
Financing Coordination Fee Other than with respect to any mortgage or other financing related to a property concurrent with its acquisition, if the Former Advisor or an affiliate providesprovided a substantial amount of the services (as determined by a majority of the Company’s independent directors) in connection with the post-acquisition financing or refinancing of any debt that the Company obtainsobtained relative to a property, then the Company shall paypaid to the Former Advisor or such affiliate a financing coordination fee equal to 1.0%1% of the amount of such financing.
The Company incurred and paid $107,500 of financing coordination fees related to 2 loans during the year ended December 31, 2019.
If the Former Advisor or any of its affiliates providesprovided a substantial amount of the property management services (as determined by a majority of the Company’s independent directors) for the Company’s properties, then the Company shall pay topaid the Former Advisor or such affiliate a property management fee equal to 1.5% of gross revenues from the properties managed. The Company also will reimbursereimbursed the Former Advisor and any of its affiliates for property-level expenses that such person paystenant paid or incurs on behalf ofincurred to the Company, including salaries, bonuses and benefits of persons employed by such person,the Former Advisor, except for the salaries, bonuses and benefits of persons who also serveserved as one of the Company’s executive officers or as an executive officer of such person.officers. The Former Advisor or its affiliate maywere entitled to subcontract the performance of its property management duties to third parties and pay all or a portion of its property management fee to the third parties with whom it contractscontracted for these services.
The Former Advisor provided property management services for 10 properties in the Company's portfolio during the year ended December 31, 2019 for which the Company incurred and paid $224,922 of property management fees. For substantial assistance in connection with the sale of properties, the Company shall pay to itspaid the Former Advisor or one of its affiliates 3.0% of the contract sales price, as defined in the Advisory Agreement, of each property sold; provided, however, that if, in connection with such disposition, commissions arewere paid to third parties unaffiliated with the Company’sFormer Advisor or its affiliates, the disposition fees paid to itsthe Former Advisor, itsthe Former Sponsor, their affiliates and unaffiliated third parties maycould not exceed the lesser of the competitive real estate commission or 6% of the contract sales price. There were no0 disposition fees incurred during the year ended December 31, 2017 nor 2016.2019. Subordinated participationParticipation Fees The Company shall pay to the Advisor or an affiliateincurred a subordinated participation fee calculated as of December 31 of each year andthrough 2018, payable to the Former Advisor or an affiliate thereof, which was paid (if at all) in the immediately following January. The subordinated participation fee iswas only due if the Preferred Return, as defined isin the Advisory Agreement, was achieved and iswas equal to the sum of (using terms as defined in the Advisory Agreement): | (i) | 40% of the product of (a) the difference of (x) the Preliminary NAV per share minus (y) the Highest Prior NAV per share, multiplied by (b) the number of shares outstanding as of December 31 of the relevant annual period, but only if this results in a positive number, plus |
| (ii) | 40% of the product of: (a) the amount by which aggregate distributions to stockholders during the annual period, excluding return of capital distributions, divided by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the annual period, exceed the Preferred Return, multiplied by (b) the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the annual period calculated on a monthly basis. |
(i)30% of the product of (a) the difference of (x) the Preliminary NAV per share minus (y) the Highest Prior NAV per share, multiplied by (b) the number of shares outstanding as of December 31 of the relevant annual period, but only if this resulted in a positive number, plus (ii)30% of the product of: (a) the amount by which aggregate distributions to stockholders during the annual period, excluding return of capital distributions, divided by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the annual period, exceeded the Preferred Return, multiplied by (b) the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the annual period calculated on a monthly basis. The Company calculated a subordinated participation fee of $839,050 which was accrued as of December 31, 2018 and paid in cash during the three months ended March 31, 2019. On August 9, 2019, the Advisory Agreement was amended to eliminate the Subordinated Participation Fee. If a property or properties of the Company becomesbecame unleased and the Former Advisor or any of its affiliates providesprovided a substantial amount of the services (as determined by a majority of the Company’s independent directors) in connection with the Company’s leasing of thea property or properties to unaffiliated third parties, then the Company shall pay topaid the Former Advisor or such affiliate leasing commissions equal to 6.0%6% of the rents due pursuant to such lease for the first ten years of the lease term; provided, however (i) if the term of the lease iswas less than ten years, such commission percentage will applywas applied to the full term of the lease and (ii) any rents due under a renewal of a lease of an existing tenant upon expiration of the initial lease agreement (including any extensions provided for thereunder) shall accrueaccrued a commission of 3.0%3% in lieu of the aforementioned 6.0%6% commission. To the extent that an unaffiliated real estate broker assists in such leasing services, any compensation paid by the Company to the Advisor or any of its affiliates will be reduced by the amount paid to such unaffiliated real estate broker. There were no0 leasing commission fees incurred during the year ended December 31, 2017 nor 2016.
Other Operating Expense Reimbursement Under the Company's charter, prior to December 31, 2019, total operating expenses of the Company arewere limited to the greater of 2% of average invested assets or 25% of net income for the four most recently completed fiscal quarters (2%(the “2%/25% Limitation)Limitation”). If the Company exceedsexceeded the 2%/25% Limitation, the Former Advisor mustwas required to reimburse the Company the amount by which the aggregate total operating expenses exceedsexceeded the limitation, or the Company mustwas required to obtain a waiver from the Conflicts Committee.Company's conflicts committee. For purposes of determining the 2%/25% Limitation amount, “average invested assets” meansmeant the average monthly book value of the Company’s assets invested directly or indirectly in equity interests and loans secured by real estate during the 12-month period before deducting depreciation, reserves for bad debts or other non-cash reserves. “Total operating expenses” meansmeant all expenses paid or incurred by the Company, as determined by GAAP, that arewere in any way related to the Company’s operation including asset management fees, but excluding (a) the expenses of raising capital such as organizational and offering expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration and other fees, printing and other such expenses and taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer, listing and registration of shares of the Company’s common stock; (b) interest payments; (c) taxes; (d) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization and bad debt reserves; (e) reasonable incentive fees based upon increases in NAV per share; (f) acquisition fees and acquisition expenses (including expenses, relating to potential investments that the Company does not close); and (h)(g) disposition fees on the sale of real property and other expenses connected with the acquisition, disposition and ownership of real estate interests or other property (other than disposition fees on the sale of assets other than real property), including the costs of insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair and improvement of real property. Operating expense reimbursements The total reimbursable operating expenses incurred was $528,000 during the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company was in compliance with the 2%/25% Limitation for operating expenses for the four fiscal quarters ended December 31, 2017 exceeded2019.
Due to Affiliates In connection with the 2%/25% Limitation.Self-Management Transaction, the Company assumed 2 notes payable aggregating $630,820 on December 31, 2019 owed to Mr. Wirta, the Company's Chairman, which were presented under due to affiliates in the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019. The Conflicts Committee approvednotes payable had identical terms including a fixed interest rate of 10% paid semi-monthly and a maturity date of April 23, 2020. The remaining principal amount of $218,931 due for each note, aggregating $437,862, was paid on the operating expenses above the 2%/25% Limitation, as they determined that the relationshipmaturity date. Related Party Transactions with Unconsolidated Entities The Company’s portion of asset management fees paid to a subsidiary of the Company’s operating expensesCompany in 2020 and the Former Advisor in 2019 relating to average invested assets were justifiedthe TIC Interest for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Years Ended December 31, | | | 2020 | | 2019 | | Asset management fees | | $ | 191,933 | | | $ | 191,907 | |
The advisory agreement with the entity that owns the TIC Interest property was assigned to the Company's taxable REIT subsidiary following the Self-Management Transaction and the Company earns a monthly management fee equal to 0.1% of the total investment value of the property from this entity, which resulted in a fee of $263,971 for the year ended December 31, 2017 given2020, of which the costs of operating a public company and the early stage of operations.Related Party Transactions with Unconsolidated Entities
Company's portion was $191,933. The Company’s portion of Former Advisor fees paid relating to REIT I for the Santa Clara property areyear ended December 31, 2019 was as follows: | · | Acquisition fees of $626,073 | | | | | | |
| · | Year Ended December 31, 2019 | | Expensed: | | | Asset management fees of $49,035 | | $ | 34,968 | | | Other | | 16,800 | | | Total | | $ | 51,768 | |
Acquisition of Intellectual Property From the Former Sponsor and Website Hosting Agreement With BRIX REIT Effective October 28, 2019, the Operating Partnership acquired certain software and related assets of the Former Sponsor in order for the Operating Partnership to develop and operate a new online platform for BRIX REIT. The acquisition fees were paidOperating Partnership entered into a website hosting services agreement with BRIX REIT effective October 28, 2019, pursuant to which the Advisory Agreement and were capitalized as a componentOperating Partnership hosted the online platform at http://www.brix-reit.com for BRIX REIT. In connection with such hosting services, BRIX REIT paid the Operating Partnership service fees equal to the direct cost paid by the Operating Partnership to third parties for services related to the Operating Partnership’s hosting of the Company’s investmentonline platform, plus the then-current time and materials rates charged by the Operating Partnership for the services of its personnel. The website hosting services agreement had a term of three years following its effective date and would have automatically renewed for successive one-year periods unless either party notified the other of termination on or before 90 days prior to the end of the term, or unless the agreement was terminated earlier due to a material breach by either party of the agreement, either party became insolvent or the Operating Partnership transferred or assigned all of its right, title and interest in the TIC.online platform to a third party that was not a direct or indirect subsidiary of the Operating Partnership. Since BRIX REIT paid all of the direct costs of third parties that developed and hosted the BRIX REIT online platform, the Operating Partnership did not receive any fees under the website hosting services agreement. On January 31, 2020, the Company's taxable REIT subsidiary entered into an advisory agreement to provide services to BRIX REIT including website hosting services, and the website hosting services agreement was terminated. In May 2020,the Company's taxable REIT subsidiary agreed to waive all unpaid asset management fees totaling $285,818 due from BRIX REIT and to no longer charge BRIX REIT for its asset management services given the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on BRIX REIT. NOTE 10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Economic Dependency
The Company depends on the Sponsor and the Advisor for certain services that are essential to the Company, including the sale of the Company’s shares of common stock, the identification, evaluation, negotiation, origination, acquisition and disposition of investments; management of the daily operations of the Company’s investment portfolio; and other general and administrative responsibilities. In the event that these companies are unable to provide the respective services, the Company will be required to obtain such services from other sources.
As an owner of real estate, the Company is subject to various environmental laws of federal, state and local governments. Although there can be no assurance, the Company is not aware of any environmental liability that could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations. However, changes in applicable environmental laws and regulations, the uses and conditions of properties in the vicinity of the Company’s Properties,properties, the activities of its tenants and other environmental conditions of which the Company is unaware with respect to the Propertiesproperties could result in future environmental liabilities.
Pursuant to lease agreements, as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company has an obligationhad obligations to pay $60,598 and $98,329, respectively, for $1,899,485 in site and tenant improvements to be incurred at December 31, 2017, which includes an approximateby tenants, including a 72.7% share of the Company’s pro-rata share intenant improvements for the Santa Clara, property. AtCalifornia TIC Interest. As of both December 31, 2017,2020 and 2019, the Company had $944,582$92,684 of restricted cash held to fund other tenant improvements. Operating Lease As a result of the improvements.Self-Management Transaction, on December 31, 2019, a subsidiary of the Company assumed the operating lease of the corporate office in Costa Mesa, California from BrixInvest. The office lease had a remaining term of 4.5 years, ending on June 30, 2024. During the second quarter of 2020, the Company's subsidiary re-evaluated its physical office space requirement given the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, commenced negotiations with the landlord in May 2020 and vacated the premises to the landlord on June 1, 2020. Effective October 29, 2020, the Company’s subsidiary entered into a lease amendment for early termination of the lease in exchange for a lease termination fee of $1,350,000 and as such, the Company derecognized the right of use asset and the corresponding lease liability as of September 30, 2020. The termination fee was paid by the Company's subsidiary by releasing its $135,544 security deposit and a cash payment of $1,214,456. As a result of this transaction, the operating lease liability of $2,087,713 and the amount of accrued but unpaid lease payments of $242,216 which were previously included in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities were partially offset by the elimination of the right of use asset of $2,019,577 and the release of the security deposit, resulting in a lease termination expense of $1,039,648 which is included in other expense in the accompanying statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. Because the rate implicit in the subsidiary's lease was not readily determinable, the Company used an incremental borrowing rate to account for the lease as of December 31, 2019. In determining the Company's incremental borrowing rate for the lease, the Company considered the rate on its unsecured borrowings, observable risk-free interest rates and credit spreads correlating to the Company's creditworthiness and the term of the subsidiary's lease agreement. The discount rate used was 5.75%.
Redemption of Common Stock The Company has a share repurchase program that enables qualifying stockholders to sell their stock to the Company in limited circumstances. The maximum amount of common stock that may be repurchased per month is limited to no more than 2% of the Company’s most recently determined aggregate NAV. Repurchases for any calendar quarter are limited to no more than 5% of its most recently determined aggregate NAV. The foregoing repurchase limitations are based on “net repurchases” during a quarter or month, as applicable. Thus, for any given calendar quarter or month, the maximum amount of repurchases during that quarter or month will be equal to (1) 5% or 2% (as applicable) of the Company’s most recently determined aggregate NAV, plus (2) proceeds from sales of new shares in the current offering (including purchases pursuant to its Registered DRP Offering) since the beginning of a current calendar quarter or month, less (3) repurchase proceeds paid since the beginning of the current calendar quarter or month. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company's share repurchases payable were $2,980,559 and $0, respectively. In connection with the Company's entry into the Merger Agreement, the Company's share repurchase program was temporarily suspended on September 19, 2019 and was reopened on January 2, 2020. The Company has the discretion to repurchase fewer shares than have been requested to be repurchased in a particular month or quarter, or to repurchase no shares at all, in the event that it lacks readily available funds to do so due to market conditions beyond the Company’s control, its need to maintain liquidity for its operations or because the Company determines that investing in real property or other illiquid investments is a better use of its capital than repurchasing its shares. In the event that the Company repurchases some but not all of the shares submitted for repurchase in a given period, shares submitted for repurchase during such period will be repurchased on a pro-rata basis, subject to any Extraordinary Circumstance Repurchase (defined below). The Company has the discretion, but not the obligation, under extraordinary market or economic circumstances, to make a special repurchase in equal, nominal quantities of shares from all stockholders who have submitted share repurchase requests during the period (“Extraordinary Circumstance Repurchase”). Extraordinary Circumstance Repurchases will precede any pro rata share repurchases that may be made during the period. In addition, the Company’s board of directors may amend, suspend or terminate the share repurchase program without stockholder approval upon 10 days’ notice if its directors believe such action is in the Company's and its stockholders’ best interests. The Company’s board of directors may also amend, suspend or terminate the share repurchase program due to changes in law or regulation, or if the board of directors becomes aware of undisclosed material information that the Company believes should be publicly disclosed before shares are repurchased. From time to time,time-to-time, the Company may become party to legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of its business. TheOther than as described below, the Company is not a party to any legal proceeding, nor is the Company aware of any pending or threatened litigation that wouldcould have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operating results, cash flows or financial condition should such litigation be resolved unfavorably. On September 18, 2019, a lawsuit was filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Los Angeles (the “State Court Action”), against the Former Advisor by “John Doe,” a fictitiously-named individual who was one of the Former Advisor's former employees. The SEC is conducting an investigationFormer Advisor understands that the plaintiff was its former Chief Digital Officer, who along with six other employees was subject to a reduction in force, communicated to all in advance, that was a result of financial constraints of the Former Advisor which necessitated the elimination of numerous job positions in May 2019. In the lawsuit, the former employee claims he was terminated in retaliation for his purported whistleblowing with respect to alleged misleading statements made by the Former Advisor and fraudulently induced arbitration requirements applicable to employees and investors. The complaint seeks to enjoin and rescind the enforcement of the arbitration agreement signed by the former employee and the arbitration requirements related to this complaint. In September 2020, the advertising and sale of securities by the Company in connection with the Registered Offering. The investigation is a non-public fact-finding inquiry. It is neither an allegation of wrongdoing nor a finding that violations of law have occurred. In connection with the investigation, the Company and certain affiliates have received and responded to Subpoenas from the SEC requesting documents and other information relatedState Court Action was removed to the CompanyUnited States District Court, Central District of California (“U.S. District Court”). On February 11, 2021, the U.S. District Court ruled in favor of the Former Advisor’s motion to compel arbitration and denied plaintiff’s motions to enjoin the Registered Offering. The SEC’s investigation is ongoing. The Company has cooperatedarbitration and intends to continue to cooperate with the SEC in this matter.file a third amended complaint. The Company is unablenot a party to predict the likely outcomelawsuit. The Former Advisor has denied all the accusations and allegations in the complaint and the Former Advisor intends to vigorously defend against the claims made by the plaintiff.
Table of the investigation or determine its potential impact, if any, on the Company.The Company generally does not require collateral or other security from tenants, other than security deposits or letters of credit. However, since concentration of rental revenue from certain tenants exists, the inability of those tenants to make their payments could have an adverse effect on the Company.
NOTE 11. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS The Company evaluates subsequent events up until the date the consolidated financial statements are issued. Significant subsequent events are described below: Name Change of the Company Effective January 22, 2021, the Company filed Articles of Amendment in the State of Maryland solely to change the Company’s name to Modiv Inc. and also amended and restated its Bylaws solely to reflect such name change. Reverse Stock Split Effective February 1, 2021, with the authorization of the board of directors, the Company filed Articles of Amendment to the Company’s charter in the State of Maryland in order to effect a 1:3 reverse stock split of the Company’s Class C common stock and Class S common stock and, following the implementation of the reverse stock split, to decrease the par value of each share of the Company’ s Class C common stock and Class S common stock to $0.003 per share from $0.001 per share. Termination of Public Offering Effective January 27, 2021, the Company, with the approval of the board of directors, terminated the Company’s public offering of up to $800,000,000 of the Company’s shares which was being conducted pursuant to the Follow-on Offering. In connection with the termination of the Follow-on Offering, Statusthe Company stopped accepting investor subscriptions on January 22, 2021. As of MarchJanuary 27, 2018,2021, the Company had sold 10,447,073$600,547,672 of unsold shares in the Follow-on Offering, which were deregistered with the SEC. 2021 DRP Offering On January 22, 2021, the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-252321) to register a maximum of $100,000,000 of additional shares of Class C common stock into be issued pursuant to the amended and restated DRP. The Company commenced offering shares of Class C common stock pursuant to the 2021 DRP Offering upon termination of the Follow-on Offering. Offering Status Through February 28, 2021, the Company had sold 6,748,695 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock for aggregate gross offering proceeds of $104,518,468,$199,861,618, which included 444,514817,355 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock sold under its distribution reinvestment planDRP for a gross proceeds of $4,451,411.$23,093,575. As of March 27, 2018,February 28, 2021, the Company had sold 3,06563,876 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class S common stock in the Class S Offering, for aggregate gross offering proceeds of $30,654,$1,935,770, which included 652,172 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class S common stock sold under its distribution reinvestment planDRP for a gross proceeds of $654.$58,606. The Company paid the December 2020 distribution of $705,596 on January 10, 2018, the Company’s board of directors declared dividends22, 2021, based on the daily record dates for the period December 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017 at adistribution rate of $0.0018817$0.00287670 per share per day or $502,885, on(adjusted for the outstanding shares1:3 reverse stock split) of the Company’sClass C and Class S common stock, which reflects an annualized distribution rate of $1.05 per share (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) or 5% per share based on the Company's estimated NAV per share of $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). The Company generally pays distributions on the 25th day following the end of each month, or the next business day if the 25th day falls on a weekend or holiday. Of the December 2020 distribution, $391,866 was reinvested through the Company’s DRP. The Company paid distributionsthe January 2021 distribution of $695,768 on February 25, 2021, based on the daily distribution rate of $0.00287670 per share per day of Class C and Class S common stock, which reflects an annualized distribution rate of $1.05 per share or 5% per share (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) based on the Company's estimated NAV per share of $21.01 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). Of the January 2021 distribution, $386,841 was reinvested through the Company’s DRP. The Company paid the February 2021 distribution of $620,788 on March 25, 2018.2021, based on the daily distribution rate of $0.00287670 per share per day of Class C and Class S common stock, which reflects an annualized distribution rate of $1.05 per share (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) or 4.56% per share based on the Company's estimated NAV per share of $23.03 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). Of the February 2021 distribution, $352,525 was reinvested through the Company’s DRP.
On February 1, 2018,March 25, 2021, the Company’s board of directors declared distributions based on daily record dates for the periods Januaryperiod April 1, 20182021 through January 31, 2018 (“January distribution”) and February 1, 2018 through February 28, 2018 (“February distribution”),June 30, 2021 at ratesrate of $0.0018911 and $0.0020938$0.00287670 per share per day respectively, on the outstanding shares of itsClass C and Class S common stock, which the Company paid on February 26, 2018 and March 26, 2018, respectively. The distributions were $531,300 and $559,574reflects an annualized distribution rate of $1.05 per share (adjusted for the January distribution1:3 reverse stock split) or 4.56% per share based on the Company's estimated NAV per share of $23.03 (unaudited and adjusted for the February distribution, respectively,1:3 reverse stock split), on the outstanding shares of the Company’sCompany's common stock. Ofstock which will be determined for each month. The Company is scheduled to aggregate these daily distributions at the end of each month and pay them on May 25, 2021, June 25, 2021 and July 26, 2021, respectively. Redeemable Common Stock From January distribution1, 2021 to March 3, 2021, the Company repurchased 481,939 shares (adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split) of Class C common stock for $10,375,064 and 0 shares of Class S common stock. Extension of Leases Effective January 21, 2021, the Company extended the lease terms of its Dollar General properties located in Lakeside, Ohio and in Castalia, Ohio from June 1, 2030 to May 31, 2035 for minimum annual rents increasing annually in exchange for one month of free rent, which amounted to $6,753 and $6,610 for the Lakeside and Castalia properties, respectively. Effective March 1, 2021, the Company also extended the lease term of its Northrop Grumman property located in Melbourne, Florida from May 31, 2021 to May 31, 2026 for minimum annual rents increasing annually. The Company paid a leasing commission of $128,538 to the tenants' brokers and $128,538 to Northrop Grumman as a credit for additional tenant improvement costs in connection with this extension of the Northrop Grumman lease term. The Company also agreed to provide tenant improvements (including roof, HVAC and other improvements) that it estimates will cost approximately $1,150,000 in connection with this extension. Sale of Real Estate Investments On January 7, 2021, the Company completed the sale of its Roseville, California retail property which was leased to the operator of a Chevron gas station for $4,050,000, which generated net proceeds of $3,914,909 after payment of commissions and closing costs. On January 29, 2021, the Company completed the sale of its Sacramento, California retail property which was leased to EcoThrift for $5,375,300, which generated net proceeds of $2,684,225 after repayment of the existing mortgage, commissions and closing costs. On February distribution, $420,99012, 2021, the Company completed the sale of its San Jose, California retail property which was leased to the operator of a Chevron gas station for $4,288,888, which generated net proceeds of $4,055,657 after payment of commissions and $438,869closing costs. Mortgage Notes Payable On March 5, 2021, the Company refinanced the following mortgage notes: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | December 31, 2020 | | New | | | | | | Original | | New | | Properties | | Principal Amount | | Principal Amount | | Prior Interest Rate | | New Interest Rate | | Maturity Date | | Maturity Date | | Levins | | $ | 2,032,332 | | | $ | 2,700,000 | | | 3.74 | % | | 3.75 | % | | 3/5/2021 | | 3/16/2026 | | Dollar General Bakersfield | | $ | 2,268,922 | | | $ | 2,280,000 | | | 3.38 | % | | 3.65 | % | | 3/5/2021 | | 3/16/2028 | | PMI Preclinical | | $ | 4,020,418 | | | $ | 5,400,000 | | | 3.38 | % | | 3.75 | % | | 3/5/2021 | | 3/16/2026 | | GSA (MSHA) | | $ | 1,752,092 | | | $ | 1,756,000 | | | 3.13 | % | | 3.65 | % | | 8/5/2021 | | 3/16/2026 |
The maturity date for the loan on the Levins property was reinvested throughextended from its original date of January 5, 2021 to March 5, 2021 prior to the Company’s dividend reinvestment plan.
Acquisitions
refinancing described above.
Termination of Swap Agreement On March 5, 2021, the Company terminated the swap agreement related to the Company's GSA (MSHA) property mortgage loan at a cost of $9,900 in connection with the refinancing of this property described above. New Revolving Credit Facility On March 29, 2018,2021, the Company throughentered into the New Credit Facility for an aggregate line of credit of $22,000,000 with a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquiredmaturity date of March 30, 2023 which replaced the Unsecured Credit Facility. The Company borrowed $6,000,000 under the New Credit Facility and repaid the $6,000,000 that was owed to PMB on March 31, 2021. The New Credit Facility provides the Company with a $17,000,000 revolving line of credit for real estate acquisitions (including the $6,000,000 borrowed to repay PMB) and an industrial building (“3M”) leasedadditional $5,000,000 revolving line of credit for working capital. Under the terms of the New Credit Facility, the Company will pay a variable rate of interest on outstanding amounts equal to 3M1 percentage point over the prime rate published in The Wall Street Journal, provided that the interest rate in effect on any one day shall not be less than 4.75% per annum. The Company totaling approximately 410,400 square feet, locatedpaid Banc of California origination fees of $77,000 in DeKalb, Illinois. The seller is not affiliatedconnection with the Company or the Advisor. The aggregate purchase price for 3M was $15,200,000, excluding closing costsNew Credit Facility and will pay an unused commitment fee of approximately $531,000. The Company is in process of assessing the fair value0.15% per annum of the acquired tangible assets and any applicable intangible assets and liabilities for this asset acquisition.Debt Financing
On February 20, 2018,unused portion of the Company obtained a $6,380,000 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender.New Credit Facility, charged quarterly in arrears based on the average unused commitment available under the New Credit Facility. The loanNew Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the HusqvarnaCompany’s tangible and intangible assets, including intellectual property. The mortgageNew Credit Facility requires the Company to maintain a minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.25 to 1.00 and minimum tangible NAV (as defined in the loan agreement) of $120,000,000, measured quarterly. Mr. Wirta, the Company’s Chairman, has guaranteed the $6,000,000 initial borrowing, which guarantee will expire upon repayment of the $6,000,000 which is due by September 30, 2021. Mr. Wirta has also guaranteed the $5,000,000 revolving line of credit for working capital. On March 29, 2021, the Company entered into an updated indemnification agreement with Mr. Wirta and the Wirta Trust with respect to their guarantees of borrowings under the New Credit Facility.
Distribution Reinvestment Plan Amendment On January 22, 2021, with the authorization of the board of directors, the Company amended and restated its DRP with respect to the Company's shares of Class C common stock in order to reflect its name change to Modiv Inc. and to remove the ability of the Company’s stockholders to elect to reinvest only a fixed interest rateportion of 4.60%their cash distributions in shares through the DRP so that investors who elect to participate in the amended and maturesrestated DRP must reinvest all cash distributions in shares. In addition, the amended and restated DRP provides for determinations by the board of directors of the NAV per share more frequently than annually. The amended and restated DRP was effective with respect to distributions paid in February 2021. Updated Estimated NAV Per Share On January 27, 2021, the Company’s board of directors approved and established an updated estimated NAV per share of the Company’s Class C common stock and Class S common stock of $23.03 (unaudited and adjusted for the 1:3 reverse stock split). Additional information on the determination of the Company's updated estimated NAV per share, including the process used to determine its updated estimated NAV per share, can be found in the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 29, 2021. Share Repurchase Programs On February 1, 2021, with the authorization of the board of directors, the Company amended and restated its Class C SRP in order to (i) revise the minimum holding period before a stockholder may participate in the Class C SRP from 90 days to six months, (ii) revise the limitations on the share repurchase price so that shares held for less than two years will be repurchased at 98% of the most recently published NAV per share and shares held for at least two years will be repurchased at 100% of the most recently published NAV per share (as opposed to a repurchase price of 97% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held less than one year, 98% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held for more than one year but less than two years, 99% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held for more than two years but less than three years, and 100% of the most recently published NAV per share for shares held for at least three years), (iii) increase the minimum share value (based on the most recently published NAV per share) at which the Company has the right to repurchase all of a stockholder’s shares, if as a result of a repurchase request a stockholder holds less than the minimum share value, from $500 to $1,000, and (iv) include language that provides that the Class C SRP will automatically terminate if the Company’s shares of common stock are listed on any national securities exchange. The minimum holding period before a stockholder may participate in the Class C SRP for shares purchased prior to February 1, 2021 will remain at 90 days.
With the authorization of the board of directors, the Company also amended and restated its Class S SRP on February 1, 2021 in order to (i) allow the Company to waive the minimum one year holding period before a holder of Class S shares may participate in the Class S SRP in the event of extraordinary circumstances which would place undue hardship on a stockholder, (ii) increase the minimum Class S share value (based on the most recently published NAV per Class S share) at which the Company has the right to repurchase all of a stockholder’s shares, if as a result of a repurchase request a stockholder holds less than the minimum Class S share value, from $500 to $1,000, and (iii) include language that provides that the Class S SRP will automatically terminate if the Company’s shares of common stock are listed on any national securities exchange. Grant of Partnership Interest to Employees On January 25, 2021, the compensation committee of the Company's board of directors recommended, and the board of directors approved, the grant of 120,000 Class R OP Units to Mr. Halfacre for his 2020 compensation and 512,000 Class R OP Units to Mr. Halfacre as equity incentive compensation for the next three years, and the grant of 100,000 Class R OP Units to Mr. Pacini as equity incentive compensation for the next three years. An additional 348,000 Class R OP Units were granted to the rest of the employees of the Company. The Class R OP Units vest on March 31, 2028.On March 27, 2018,2024 and are then convertible into Class C OP Units at a conversion ratio of 1:1, which conversion ratio can increase to 1:2.5 Class C OP Units if the Company obtained a $14,575,000 mortgage loan through a nonaffiliated lender. The loan is secured by the AvAir property. The mortgage loan has a fixed interest rategenerates funds from operations of 4.84%$1.05, or more, per weighted average fully-diluted share outstanding for the first five yearsyear ending December 31, 2023. As a result of the Company’s 1:3 reverse stock split on February 1, 2021, Mr. Halfacre’s, Mr. Pacini’s and maturesthe remaining employees’ Class R OP Units were adjusted to 210,667 Class R OP Units, 33,333 Class R OP Units and 116,000 Class R OP Units, respectively, for a total of 360,000 Class R OP Units outstanding after adjustment for the 1:3 reverse stock split on February 1, 2021.
Broker-Dealer Effective January 31, 2021, the Company and NCPS terminated their Dealer Manager Agreement, dated January 2, 2020, pursuant to which NCPS had agreed to act as dealer manager in connection with the Follow-on Offering. Effective January 31, 2021, NCPS and the Company entered into a new Dealer Manager Agreement pursuant to which NCPS has agreed to act as dealer manager in connection with investments in the Company by accredited investors. Special Purpose Acquisition Company To further the Company’s mission of being the leading provider of alternative real estate-related products, and to capitalize on the current opportunity in today’s public marketplace, the Company is sponsoringModiv Acquisition Corp. (“MACS”), a special purpose acquisition company (“SPAC”). Modiv Venture Fund, LLC (“MVF”), an indirect subsidiary of Modiv TRS, LLC, the Company’s taxable REIT subsidiary, is the sponsor of MACS. MVF formed MACS on January 15, 2021 with the intention of completing an initial public offering (“IPO”) of MACS as a SPAC. On January 29, 2021, MVF subscribed for 2,875,000 shares of common stock of MACS for $25,000, with 375,000 shares being cancellable if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is not exercised, which will result in MVF owning 20% of MACS upon completion of the IPO. MACS publicly filed its registration statement on Form S-1 with the SEC on March 27, 2028.On March 29, 2018,24, 2021 and plans to raise $100,000,000, or $115,000,000 if the Company obtainedover-allotment option is exercised, in its IPO. In connection with the public filing of the Form S-1, MVF deposited $4,500,000 in escrow with the attorneys for MACS. The $4,500,000 will be released from escrow upon completion of the IPO and used to purchase 9,000,000 warrants to purchase additional shares of MACS. Each warrant has the right to purchase 0.5 share of MACS common stock and can be exercised at a $8,360,000 mortgage loan throughstrike price of $11.50 per share.
MACS was formed for the purpose of entering into a nonaffiliated lender. The loanbusiness combination with one or more businesses or entities, and intends to focus on targets located in North America that are focused on fintech and proptech, with a focus on companies whose core purpose is secured byrelated to the 3M property. The mortgage loan hasreal estate industry. Within those parameters, MACS intends to pursue a variable interest ratebusiness combination with companies that use technology driven platforms and solutions to disrupt or revolutionize the real estate capital markets, transactional marketplaces and investment management industry.
(f/k/a RW HOLDINGS NNN REIT, Inc.INC.) Real Estate Assets and Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization December 31, 2017| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Initial Cost to Company | | | | | | Gross Amount at which Carried at Close of Period | | | | | | | | | Description | | Location | | Owner
ship
Percentage | | | Original
Year
of
Construction | | | Date
Acquired | | Encumbrances | | | Land | | | Buildings &
Improvements
(1) | | | Total | | | Costs
Capitalized
Subsequent
to
Acquisition | | | Land | | | Buildings &
Improvements
(1) | | | Total | | | Accumulated
Depreciation
and
Amortization | | | Accredo | | Orlando, FL | | | 100 | % | | | 2006 | | | 6/15/2016 | | $ | 4,932,287 | | | $ | 1,706,641 | | | $ | 9,003,861 | | | $ | 10,710,502 | | | $ | 198,986 | | | $ | 1,706,641 | | | $ | 9,202,847 | | | $ | 10,909,488 | | | $ | (763,575 | ) | | Walgreens | | Stockbridge GA | | | 100 | % | | | 2001 | | | 6/21/2016 | | | 2,201,679 | | | | 1,033,105 | | | | 3,820,266 | | | | 4,853,371 | | | | - | | | | 1,033,105 | | | | 3,820,266 | | | | 4,853,371 | | | | (505,603 | ) | | Dollar General | | Litchfield, ME | | | 100 | % | | | 2015 | | | 11/4/2016 | | | 656,846 | | | | 293,912 | | | | 1,104,202 | | | | 1,398,114 | | | | - | | | | 293,912 | | | | 1,104,202 | | | | 1,398,114 | | | | (45,274 | ) | | Dollar General | | Wilton, ME | | | 100 | % | | | 2015 | | | 11/4/2016 | | | 662,231 | | | | 212,035 | | | | 1,472,393 | | | | 1,684,428 | | | | - | | | | 212,035 | | | | 1,472,393 | | | | 1,684,428 | | | | (57,941 | ) | | Dollar General | | Thompsontown, PA | | | 100 | % | | | 2015 | | | 11/4/2016 | | | 662,231 | | | | 217,912 | | | | 1,088,678 | | | | 1,306,590 | | | | - | | | | 217,912 | | | | 1,088,678 | | | | 1,306,590 | | | | (43,500 | ) | | Dollar General | | Mt. Gilead, OH | | | 100 | % | | | 2015 | | | 11/4/2016 | | | 656,846 | | | | 283,578 | | | | 1,002,456 | | | | 1,286,034 | | | | - | | | | 283,578 | | | | 1,002,456 | | | | 1,286,034 | | | | (41,707 | ) | | Dollar General | | Lakeside, OH | | | 100 | % | | | 2015 | | | 11/4/2016 | | | 656,846 | | | | 176,515 | | | | 1,037,214 | | | | 1,213,729 | | | | - | | | | 176,515 | | | | 1,037,214 | | | | 1,213,729 | | | | (42,804 | ) | | Dollar General | | Castalia, OH | | | 100 | % | | | 2015 | | | 11/4/2016 | | | 656,846 | | | | 154,677 | | | | 1,033,817 | | | | 1,188,494 | | | | - | | | | 154,677 | | | | 1,033,817 | | | | 1,188,494 | | | | (41,589 | ) | | Dana | | Cedar Park, TX | | | 100 | % | | | 2013 | | | 12/27/2016 | | | 4,709,889 | | | | 1,290,863 | | | | 8,312,917 | | | | 9,603,780 | | | | - | | | | 1,290,863 | | | | 8,312,917 | | | | 9,603,780 | | | | (511,017 | ) | | Northrop Grumman | | Melbourne, FL | | | 100 | % | | | 1986 | | | 3/7/2017 | | | 5,945,655 | | | | 1,191,024 | | | | 12,533,166 | | | | 13,724,190 | | | | - | | | | 1,191,024 | | | | 12,533,166 | | | | 13,724,190 | | | | (619,898 | ) | | exp US Services | | Maitland, FL | | | 100 | % | | | 1985 | | | 3/27/2017 | | | 3,505,061 | | | | 785,801 | | | | 5,522,567 | | | | 6,308,368 | | | | - | | | | 785,801 | | | | 5,522,567 | | | | 6,308,368 | | | | (171,902 | ) | | Harley | | Bedford, TX | | | 100 | % | | | 2016 | | | 4/13/2017 | | | 6,983,418 | | | | 1,145,196 | | | | 12,033,092 | | | | 13,178,288 | | | | - | | | | 1,145,196 | | | | 12,033,092 | | | | 13,178,288 | | | | (217,815 | ) | | Wyndham | | Summerlin, NV | | | 100 | % | | | 2001 | | | 6/22/2017 | | | 5,920,800 | | | | 4,144,069 | | | | 5,972,433 | | | | 10,116,502 | | | | - | | | | 4,144,069 | | | | 5,972,433 | | | | 10,116,502 | | | | (157,378 | ) | | Williams-Sonoma | | Summerlin, NV | | | 100 | % | | | 1996 | | | 6/22/2017 | | | 4,699,200 | | | | 3,546,744 | | | | 4,049,377 | | | | 7,596,121 | | | | 486,174 | | | | 3,546,744 | | | | 4,535,551 | | | | 8,082,295 | | | | (140,531 | ) | | Omnicare | | Richmond, VA | | | 100 | % | | | 2004 | | | 7/20/2017 | | | 4,423,574 | | | | 800,772 | | | | 6,523,599 | | | | 7,324,371 | | | | - | | | | 800,772 | | | | 6,523,599 | | | | 7,324,371 | | | | (105,392 | ) | | EMCOR | | Cincinnati, OH | | | 100 | % | | | 2010 | | | 8/29/2017 | | | 2,955,000 | | | | 427,589 | | | | 5,996,509 | | | | 6,424,098 | | | | - | | | | 427,589 | | | | 5,996,509 | | | | 6,424,098 | | | | (66,141 | ) | | Husqvarna | | Charlotte, NC | | | 100 | % | | | 2010 | | | 11/30/2017 | | | - | | | | 974,663 | | | | 11,880,429 | | | | 12,855,092 | | | | - | | | | 974,663 | | | | 11,880,429 | | | | 12,855,092 | | | | (42,672 | ) | | AvAir | | Chandler, AZ | | | 100 | % | | | 2015 | | | 12/28/2017 | | | 12,000,000 | | | | 3,493,673 | | | | 23,859,450 | | | | 27,353,123 | | | | - | | | | 3,493,673 | | | | 23,859,450 | | | | 27,353,123 | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 62,228,409 | | | $ | 21,878,769 | | | $ | 116,246,426 | | | $ | 138,125,195 | | | $ | 685,160 | | | $ | 21,878,769 | | | $ | 116,931,586 | | | $ | 138,810,355 | | | $ | (3,574,739 | ) |
| (1) | Building and improvements include tenant origination and absorption costs. |
Notes:
| · | The aggregate cost of real estate for federal income tax purposes was approximately $137,900,000 (unaudited) as of December 31, 2017.
|
| · | Real estate investments (excluding land) are depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Their useful lives are generally 30-48 years for buildings, the shorter of 15 years or remaining lease term for site/building improvements, the shorter of 15 years or remaining contractual lease term for tenant improvements and the remaining lease term with consideration as to above- and below-market extension options for above- and below-market lease intangibles for tenant origination and absorption costs.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Initial Cost to Company | | | | Gross Amount at Which Carried at Close of Period | | | | | | Description | | Location | | Original
Year
of
Construction | | Date
Acquired | | Encumbrances | | Land | | Buildings &
Improvements
(1) | | Total | | Costs
Capitalized
Subsequent
to
Acquisition | | Land | | Buildings &
Improvements
(1) | | Total | | Accumulated
Depreciation
and
Amortization | | Net | | Accredo Health | | Orlando, FL | | 2006 | | 2016-06-15 | | $ | 8,538,000 | | | $ | 1,706,641 | | | $ | 9,003,859 | | | $ | 10,710,500 | | | $ | 414,698 | | | $ | 1,706,641 | | | $ | 9,418,557 | | | $ | 11,125,198 | | | $ | (2,221,380) | | | $ | 8,903,818 | | | Dollar General | | Litchfield, ME | | 2015 | | 2016-11-04 | | 622,884 | | | 293,912 | | | 1,104,202 | | | 1,398,114 | | | 0 | | | 293,912 | | | 1,104,202 | | | 1,398,114 | | | (166,006) | | | 1,232,108 | | | Dollar General | | Wilton, ME | | 2015 | | 2016-11-04 | | 627,992 | | | 212,036 | | | 1,472,393 | | | 1,684,429 | | | 0 | | | 212,036 | | | 1,472,393 | | | 1,684,429 | | | (212,451) | | | 1,471,978 | | | Dollar General | | Thompsontown, PA | | 2015 | | 2016-11-04 | | 627,992 | | | 217,912 | | | 1,088,678 | | | 1,306,590 | | | 0 | | | 217,912 | | | 1,088,678 | | | 1,306,590 | | | (159,501) | | | 1,147,089 | | | Dollar General | | Mt. Gilead, OH | | 2015 | | 2016-11-04 | | 622,884 | | | 283,578 | | | 1,002,457 | | | 1,286,035 | | | 0 | | | 283,578 | | | 1,002,457 | | | 1,286,035 | | | (152,925) | | | 1,133,110 | | | Dollar General | | Lakeside, OH | | 2015 | | 2016-11-04 | | 622,884 | | | 176,515 | | | 1,037,214 | | | 1,213,729 | | | 0 | | | 176,515 | | | 1,037,214 | | | 1,213,729 | | | (156,949) | | | 1,056,780 | | | Dollar General | | Castalia, OH | | 2015 | | 2016-11-04 | | 622,884 | | | 154,676 | | | 1,033,818 | | | 1,188,494 | | | 0 | | | 154,676 | | | 1,033,818 | | | 1,188,494 | | | (152,492) | | | 1,036,002 | | | Dana | | Cedar Park, TX | | 2013 | | 2016-12-27 | | 4,466,865 | | | 1,290,863 | | | 8,312,917 | | | 9,603,780 | | | (1,946,609) | | | 968,007 | | | 6,366,308 | | | 7,334,315 | | | (1,835,800) | | | 5,498,515 | | | Northrop Grumman | | Melbourne, FL | | 1986 | | 2017-03-07 | | 5,518,589 | | | 1,191,024 | | | 12,533,166 | | | 13,724,190 | | | 0 | | | 1,191,024 | | | 12,533,166 | | | 13,724,190 | | | (2,968,985) | | | 10,755,205 | | | exp US Services | | Maitland, FL | | 1985 | | 2017-03-27 | | 3,321,931 | | | 785,801 | | | 5,522,567 | | | 6,308,368 | | | 136,548 | | | 785,801 | | | 5,659,115 | | | 6,444,916 | | | (833,278) | | | 5,611,638 | | | Wyndham | | Summerlin, NV | | 2001 | | 2017-06-22 | | 5,607,000 | | | 4,144,069 | | | 5,972,433 | | | 10,116,502 | | | 959,213 | | | 4,144,069 | | | 6,931,646 | | | 11,075,715 | | | (1,170,222) | | | 9,905,493 | | | Williams-Sonoma | | Summerlin, NV | | 1996 | | 2017-06-22 | | 4,438,200 | | | 3,546,744 | | | 4,028,821 | | | 7,575,565 | | | 1,054,532 | | | 3,546,745 | | | 5,083,353 | | | 8,630,098 | | | (1,058,455) | | | 7,571,643 | | | Omnicare | | Richmond, VA | | 2004 | | 2017-07-20 | | 4,193,171 | | | 800,772 | | | 6,523,599 | | | 7,324,371 | | | 219,818 | | | 800,772 | | | 6,743,417 | | | 7,544,189 | | | (832,474) | | | 6,711,715 | | | EMCOR | | Cincinnati, OH | | 2010 | | 2017-08-29 | | 2,811,539 | | | 427,589 | | | 5,996,509 | | | 6,424,098 | | | 0 | | | 427,589 | | | 5,996,509 | | | 6,424,098 | | | (604,163) | | | 5,819,935 | | | Husqvarna | | Charlotte, NC | | 2010 | | 2017-11-30 | | 6,379,182 | | | 974,663 | | | 11,879,485 | | | 12,854,148 | | | 0 | | | 974,663 | | | 11,879,485 | | | 12,854,148 | | | (1,113,651) | | | 11,740,497 | | | AvAir | | Chandler, AZ | | 2015 | | 2017-12-28 | | 19,950,000 | | | 3,493,673 | | | 23,864,227 | | | 27,357,900 | | | 0 | | | 3,493,673 | | | 23,864,227 | | | 27,357,900 | | | (2,111,134) | | | 25,246,766 | | | 3M | | DeKalb, IL | | 2007 | | 2018-03-29 | | 8,166,000 | | | 758,780 | | | 16,360,400 | | | 17,119,180 | | | 0 | | | 758,780 | | | 16,360,400 | | | 17,119,180 | | | (3,476,588) | | | 13,642,592 | | | Cummins | | Nashville, TN | | 2001 | | 2018-04-04 | | 8,332,200 | | | 3,347,960 | | | 12,654,529 | | | 16,002,489 | | | 0 | | | 3,347,960 | | | 12,654,529 | | | 16,002,489 | | | (2,151,938) | | | 13,850,551 | | | Northrop Grumman Parcel | | Melbourne, FL | | — | | 2018-06-21 | | 0 | | | 329,410 | | | 0 | | | 329,410 | | | 0 | | | 329,410 | | | 0 | | | 329,410 | | | 0 | | | 329,410 | | | Texas Health | | Dallas, TX | | 1978 | | 2018-09-13 | | 4,363,203 | | | 1,827,914 | | | 5,862,010 | | | 7,689,924 | | | 0 | | | 1,827,914 | | | 5,862,010 | | | 7,689,924 | | | (681,341) | | | 7,008,583 | | | Bon Secours | | Richmond, VA | | 2001 | | 2018-10-31 | | 5,180,552 | | | 1,658,659 | | | 9,184,248 | | | 10,842,907 | | | 346,200 | | | 1,658,659 | | | 9,530,448 | | | 11,189,107 | | | (978,335) | | | 10,210,772 | | | Costco | | Issaquah, WA | | 1987 | | 2018-12-20 | | 18,850,000 | | | 8,202,915 | | | 21,825,853 | | | 30,028,768 | | | 67,165 | | | 8,202,915 | | | 21,893,018 | | | 30,095,933 | | | (2,654,329) | | | 27,441,604 | | | Taylor Fresh Foods | | Yuma, AZ | | 2001 | | 2019-10-24 | | 12,350,000 | | | 4,312,016 | | | 32,776,370 | | | 37,088,386 | | | 0 | | | 4,312,016 | | | 32,776,370 | | | 37,088,386 | | | (1,597,022) | | | 35,491,364 | | | Levins | | Sacramento, CA | | 1970 | | 2019-12-31 | | 2,032,332 | | | 1,404,863 | | | 3,204,715 | | | 4,609,578 | | | 41,739 | | | 1,404,863 | | | 3,246,454 | | | 4,651,317 | | | (220,609) | | | 4,430,708 | | | Dollar General | | Bakersfield, CA | | 1952 | | 2019-12-31 | | 2,268,922 | | | 1,099,458 | | | 3,824,688 | | | 4,924,146 | | | 237,198 | | | 1,099,458 | | | 4,061,886 | | | 5,161,344 | | | (147,132) | | | 5,014,212 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Initial Cost to Company | | | | Gross Amount at Which Carried at Close of Period | | | | | | Description | | Location | | Original
Year
of
Construction | | Date
Acquired | | Encumbrances | | Land | | Buildings &
Improvements
(1) | | Total | | Costs
Capitalized
Subsequent
to
Acquisition | | Land | | Buildings &
Improvements
(1) | | Total | | Accumulated
Depreciation
and
Amortization | | Net | | PMI Preclinical | | San Carlos, CA | | 1974 | | 2019-12-31 | | $ | 4,020,418 | | | $ | 4,774,497 | | | $ | 5,243,803 | | | $ | 10,018,300 | | | $ | 62,099 | | | $ | 4,774,497 | | | $ | 5,305,902 | | | $ | 10,080,399 | | | $ | (204,321) | | | $ | 9,876,078 | | | GSA (MSHA) | | Vacaville, CA | | 1987 | | 2019-12-31 | | 1,752,092 | | | 399,062 | | | 2,869,790 | | | 3,268,852 | | | 86,531 | | | 399,062 | | | 2,956,321 | | | 3,355,383 | | | (138,515) | | | 3,216,868 | | | PreK Education | | San Antonio, TX | | 2014 | | 2019-12-31 | | 5,037,846 | | | 963,044 | | | 11,411,964 | | | 12,375,008 | | | 520,206 | | | 963,044 | | | 11,932,170 | | | 12,895,214 | | | (599,428) | | | 12,295,786 | | | Dollar Tree | | Morrow, GA | | 1997 | | 2019-12-31 | | 0 | | | 159,829 | | | 1,020,053 | | | 1,179,882 | | | 213,783 | | | 159,829 | | | 1,233,836 | | | 1,393,665 | | | (70,911) | | | 1,322,754 | | | Solar Turbines | | San Diego, CA | | 1985 | | 2019-12-31 | | 2,777,552 | | | 2,483,960 | | | 4,722,578 | | | 7,206,538 | | | 210,729 | | | 2,483,960 | | | 4,933,307 | | | 7,417,267 | | | (338,232) | | | 7,079,035 | | | Wood Group | | San Diego, CA | | 1985 | | 2019-12-31 | | 3,397,371 | | | 3,461,256 | | | 6,662,918 | | | 10,124,174 | | | 73,339 | | | 3,461,256 | | | 6,736,257 | | | 10,197,513 | | | (565,017) | | | 9,632,496 | | | ITW Rippey | | El Dorado Hills, CA | | 1998 | | 2019-12-31 | | 3,039,777 | | | 787,945 | | | 6,392,126 | | | 7,180,071 | | | 195,459 | | | 787,945 | | | 6,587,585 | | | 7,375,530 | | | (303,219) | | | 7,072,311 | | | Dollar General | | Big Spring, TX | | 2015 | | 2019-12-31 | | 599,756 | | | 103,838 | | | 1,114,728 | | | 1,218,566 | | | 139,468 | | | 103,838 | | | 1,254,196 | | | 1,358,034 | | | (50,969) | | | 1,307,065 | | | Gap | | Rocklin, CA | | 1998 | | 2019-12-31 | | 3,569,990 | | | 2,076,754 | | | 5,715,144 | | | 7,791,898 | | | 946,755 | | | 2,076,754 | | | 6,661,899 | | | 8,738,653 | | | (479,306) | | | 8,259,347 | | | L-3 Communications | | Carlsbad, CA | | 1984 | | 2019-12-31 | | 5,185,929 | | | 3,552,878 | | | 8,099,339 | | | 11,652,217 | | | 433,675 | | | 3,552,878 | | | 8,533,014 | | | 12,085,892 | | | (470,823) | | | 11,615,069 | | | Sutter Health | | Rancho Cordova, CA | | 2009 | | 2019-12-31 | | 13,879,655 | | | 2,443,240 | | | 26,690,356 | | | 29,133,596 | | | 2,038,069 | | | 2,443,240 | | | 28,728,425 | | | 31,171,665 | | | (1,080,349) | | | 30,091,316 | | | Walgreens | | Santa Maria, CA | | 2001 | | 2019-12-31 | | 3,172,846 | | | 1,832,430 | | | 3,512,156 | | | 5,344,586 | | | 214,801 | | | 1,832,430 | | | 3,726,957 | | | 5,559,387 | | | (132,961) | | | 5,426,426 | | | | | | | | | | $ | 176,948,438 | | | $ | 65,681,176 | | | $ | 289,524,113 | | | $ | 355,205,289 | | | $ | 6,665,416 | | | $ | 65,358,321 | | | $ | 296,189,529 | | | $ | 361,547,850 | | | $ | (32,091,211) | | | $ | 329,456,639 | |
(1) Building and improvements include tenant origination and absorption costs. Notes: •The aggregate cost of real estate for U.S. federal income tax purposes was approximately $328,029,000 (unaudited) as of December 31, 2020. •Real estate investments (excluding land) are depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Their useful lives are generally 10-48 years for buildings, the shorter of 15 years or remaining lease term for site/building improvements, the shorter of 15 years or remaining contractual lease term for tenant improvements and the remaining lease term with consideration as to above- and below-market extension options for above- and below-market lease intangibles for tenant origination and absorption costs. •The real estate assets are 100% owned by the Company.
The following table summarizes the Company’s real estate assets and accumulated depreciation and amortization as of December 31, 20172020 and 2016:2019: MODIV INC. (f/k/a RW HoldingsHOLDINGS NNN REIT, Inc.INC.) Real Estate Assets and Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization December 31, 20172020 and 2016| | | 2017 | | | 2016 | | | Real estate investments: | | | | | | | | | | Balance at beginning of year | | $ | 33,245,041 | | | $ | - | | | Acquisitions | | | 104,880,154 | | | | 33,245,041 | | | Improvements to real estate | | | 685,160 | | | | - | | | Balance at end of year | | $ | 138,810,355 | | | $ | 33,245,041 | | | | | | | | | | | | | Accumulated depreciation and amortization: | | | | | | | | | | Balance at beginning of year | | $ | (493,185 | ) | | $ | - | | | Depreciation and amortization | | | (3,081,554 | ) | | | (493,185 | ) | | Balance at end of year | | $ | (3,574,739 | ) | | $ | (493,185 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2020 | | 2019 | | Real estate investments: | | | | | Balance at beginning of year | $ | 423,947,488 | | | $ | 235,212,009 | | | Acquisitions | 0 | | | 185,446,483 | | | Improvements to real estate | 673,631 | | | 3,288,996 | | | Dispositions | (26,575,397) | | | 0 | | | Held for sale | (26,230,247) | | | 0 | | | Impairment of real estate | (10,267,625) | | | 0 | | | Balance at end of year | $ | 361,547,850 | | | $ | 423,947,488 | | | | | | | Accumulated depreciation and amortization: | | | | | Balance at beginning of year | $ | (20,411,794) | | | $ | (10,563,664) | | | Depreciation and amortization | (15,759,199) | | | (9,848,130) | | | Dispositions | 2,435,274 | | | 0 | | | Held for sale | 1,644,508 | | | 0 | | | Balance at end of year | $ | (32,091,211) | | | $ | (20,411,794) | |
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Costa Mesa, State of California, on April 3, 2018.March 31, 2021. | RICH UNCLES NNN REIT, INC. | | | | | | | | | | | | By: | /s/ HAROLD HOFERMODIV INC. | | | Harold Hofer | | By: | /s/ AARON S. HALFACRE | | | Aaron S. Halfacre | | | Chief Executive Officer, President and Director | | | (principal executive officer) |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated: Name | | Title | | Date | | | | | | | | | | | | Name | | Title | | Date | | | | | | /s/ HAROLD HOFERAARON S. HALFACRE | | Chief Executive Officer, President and Director | | April 3, 2018March 31, 2021 | Harold HoferAaron S. Halfacre | | (principal executive officer) | | | | | | | | /s/ JOHN H. DAVIS | | Chief Financial Officer | | April 3, 2018 | John H. Davis | | (principal financial officer and accounting officer) | | | /s/ RAYMOND WIRTA | | Chairman of the Board | | April 3, 2018March 31, 2021 | | Raymond Wirta | | | | | | | | | | | /s/ RAYMOND J. PACINI | | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, | | March 31, 2021 | | Raymond J. Pacini | | Secretary and Treasurer | | | | | (principal financial officer) | | | | | | | | | /s/ SANDRA G. SCIUTTO | | Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer | | March 31, 2021 | | Sandra G. Sciutto | | (principal accounting officer) | | | | | | | | | /s/ JOE F. HANAUER | | Director | | March 31, 2021 | | Joe F. Hanauer | | | | | | | | | | | /s/ ADAM S. MARKMAN | | Independent Director | | March 31, 2021 | | Adam S. Markman | | | | | | | | | | | /s/ CURTIS B. MCWILLIAMS | | Independent Director | | March 31, 2021 | | Curtis B. McWilliams | | | | | | | | | | | /s/ THOMAS H. NOLAN, JR. | | Independent Director | | March 31, 2021 | | Thomas H. Nolan, Jr. | | | | | | | | | | | /s/ JEFFREY RANDOLPH | | Independent Director | | April 3, 2018March 31, 2021 | | Jeffrey Randolph | | | | | | | | | | /s/ JONATHAN PLATT | | Director | | April 3, 2018 | Jonathan Platt | | | | | | | | | | /s/ DAVID FEINLEIB | | Director | | April 3, 2018 | David Feinleib | | | | | | | | | | /s/ VIPE DESAI | | Director | | April 3, 2018 | Vipe Desai | | | | | | | | | | /s/ JOHN WANG | | Director | | April 3, 2018 | John Wang | | | | |
|