Table of Contents
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
(MARK ONE)
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20192022
OR
TRANSITION REPORT
PURSUANT
TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number 001-06462
TERADYNE, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
MASSACHUSETTS
MASSACHUSETTS
 
04-2272148
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
 
600 RIVERPARK DRIVE
NORTH READING, MASSACHUSETTS
 
01864
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (978) 370-2700
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of
e
ach
c
lass each class
 
Trading Symbol(s)
 
Name of
e
ach
e
xchange each exchange on
w
hich
r
egistered
which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.125
$0.125
 per share
 
TER
 
Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
 
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  
    No  
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.    Yes  
    No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  
    No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  
    No  
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to § 240.10D-1(b).  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one):
Large accelerated filer 
    Accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated
filer 
    Smaller reporting company ☐     Emerging growth company  
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  
    No  
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 2
8
, 2019July 1, 2022, was approximately $7.3$10.0 billion based upon the closing price of the registrant’s Common Stock on the
Nasdaq
Stock
Market
on that date.
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s only class of Common Stock as of February 24, 202017, 2023, was 166,784,497 156,047,868
shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s proxy statement in connection with its 20202023 annual meeting of shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
 



TERADYNE, INC.

INDEX

     Page No. 
PART I.

Item 1.

 
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Item 1B.

    
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Item 8.

    
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Item 9.

    
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102
 

Item 9A.

    
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Item 9B.

    
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Item 9C.

Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections102 
PART III.

Item 10.

    
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Item 11.

    
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Item 12.

    
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Item 16.

    
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111
 


TERADYNE, INC.

FORM

10-K

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form

10-K
contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act. When used herein, the words “will,” “would,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “intend,” “may,” “see,” “target” and other words and terms of similar meaning are intended to identify forward-looking statements although not all forward lookingforward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Forward lookingForward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” of this annual report on Form
10-K
and elsewhere, and in other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.Commission (“SEC”). Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements which reflect management’s analysis only as of the date hereof and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those stated or implied. Teradyne assumes no obligation to update these forward-looking statements for any reason, except as may be required by law.

1


PART I

Item 1:

Business

Teradyne, Inc. (“Teradyne”) was founded in 1960 and is a leading global supplier of automationautomated test equipment for test and industrial applications.

robotics solutions.

We design, develop, manufacture and sell automatic test systems and robotics products. Our automatic test systems are used to test semiconductors, wireless products, data storage and complex electronics systems in themany industries including consumer electronics, wireless, automotive, industrial, computing, communications, and aerospace and defense industries. Our industrial automationrobotics products include collaborative robotic arms and autonomous mobile robots and advanced robotic control software(“AMRs”) used by global manufacturing, logistics and light industrial customers to improve quality, increase manufacturing and material handling efficiency and decrease manufacturing and logistics costs. Our automatic test equipment and industrial automationrobotics products and services include:

semiconductor test (“Semiconductor Test”) systems;

storage and system level test (“Storage Test”) systems, defense/aerospace (“Defense/Aerospace”) test instrumentation and systems, storage test (“Storage Test”) systems, and circuit-board test and inspection (“Production Board Test”) systems (collectively these products represent “System Test”);

industrial automation (“Industrial Automation”) products; and

wireless test (“Wireless Test”) systems.systems; and

robotics (“Robotics”) products.

We have a customer base which includes integrated device manufacturers (“IDMs”), outsourced semiconductor assembly and test providers (“OSATs”), original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), wafer foundries, fabless companies that design, but contract with others for the manufacture of integrated circuits (“ICs”), developers of wireless devices and consumer electronics, manufacturers of circuit boards, automotive suppliers, wireless product manufacturers, storage device manufacturers, aerospace and military contractors, and distributors that sell collaborative robots, autonomous mobile robots and wireless test systems. The sales of our products and services are dependent, to a large degree, on customers who are subject to cyclical trends in demand for their products. These cyclical periods have had, and will continue to have, a significant effect on our business because our customers often delay or accelerate purchases in reaction to changes in their businesses and to demand fluctuations in the semiconductor, electronics and industrial automation industries. Historically, these demand fluctuations have resulted in significant variations in our results of operations.
1

The market for our test products is concentrated with a limited number of significant customers accounting for a substantial portion of the purchases of test equipment. A few customers drive significant demand for our products both through direct sales and sales to the customer’s supply partners. We expect that sales of our test products will continue to be concentrated with a limited number of significant customers for the foreseeable future.

In 2019, revenue2022, the demand in the mobility and compute segments of our test businesses exceeded our planSemiconductor Test business was lower due to end market slowdown in these segments as well as a result of Semiconductor Test demandslower technology transition in China, early 5G test investments and strength in our System Test businesses. The revenue growthone of our Industrial Automation business was below our plan. In 2020,largest end-markets. While the depth of the slowdown and the timing of the recovery are uncertain, we expect continued strong momentumthe ramp of 3 nanometer process technology starting in 2023 followed by gate-all-around process technology, increasing multichip packaging, additional device complexity and unit growth will drive additional demand for test over our test businessesfour year forecast period.

Our Robotics segment consists of Universal Robots A/S (“UR”), a leading supplier of collaborative robotic arms and improvement in the growth of our Industrial Automation businesses.

On February 26, 2018, we acquired Energid Technologies Corporation (“Energid”) for a total purchase price of approximately $27.6 million. Energid’s technology enables and simplifies the programming of complex robotic motions used in a wide variety of end markets, ranging from heavy industry to healthcare, utilizing both traditional robots and collaborative robots. Energid is included in our Industrial Automation segment.
On April 25, 2018, we acquired Mobile Industrial Robots ApSA/S (“MiR”), a Danish limited liability company. MiR is a leading maker of collaborative autonomous mobile robots (“AMRs”) for industrial applications. The total purchase price was approximately $197.8 million, which included cash paid of approximately $145.2 millionautomation. In September 2022, we merged MiR and $52.6 million in fair value of contingent consideration payable upon achievement of certain thresholds and targets for revenue and earnings before interest and taxes through 2020. Contingent consideration for 2018 was $30.8 million and was paid in March 2019. Contingent consideration for 2019 was $9.1 million and is expected to be paid in March 2020. The remaining maximum contingent consideration that could be paid is $63.2 million. MiR is included in our Industrial Automation segment.
On January 30, 2019, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Lemsys SA (“Lemsys”) for a total purchase price of approximately $9.1 million. Lemsys strengthens our position in the electrification trends of vehicles, solar, wind, and industrial applications. Lemsys is included in our Semiconductor Test segment.
On June 3, 2019, we invested $15.0 million in RealWear, Inc. (“RealWear”). RealWear, a private company, develops and sells advanced wearable technology including industrial, hands-free, head-mounted augmented reality devices that make the workplace safer and more productive. On February 28, 2020, RealWear’s debt holder demanded repayment of its $25.0 million loan to RealWear. As a result, in the fourth quarter of 2019, we recorded an impairment charge of $15.0 million to reduce our investment in RealWear to zero as of December 31, 2019.
On November 13, 2019, we acquired 100% of the membership interests of AutoGuide, LLC (“AutoGuide”), a maker of high payload AMRs, an emergingto become a single supplier of AMRs. The market for our Robotics segment products is dependent on the adoption of new automation technologies by large manufacturers as well as small and fast growing segmentmedium enterprises (“SMEs”) throughout the world. We expect Robotics sales channel expansion combined with new products to drive growth in 2023.

Both our test and robotics businesses may continue to be influenced by supply constraints, which could impact our revenue and costs in 2023. In 2022, inflation had minimal effect on our results. In 2022, we were unable to supply approximately $20 million of revenue in our test businesses for which we had customer demand.

Our financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars. While the majority of our revenues are in U.S. dollars, approximately 70 percent of our Robotics revenue is denominated in foreign currencies. In 2022, the strengthening of the global forklift market. The total purchase priceU.S. dollar was approximately $81.7 million, which included cash paid of approximately $57.8 million and $24.0 milliona factor in fair value of contingent consideration payable upon achievement of certain performance targets, extending potentially through 2022. The maximum contingent consideration that could be paid is $106.9 million. AutoGuide’s AMRs are used for material transport of payloads up to 4,500 kg in manufacturing, warehouse and logistics applications. These products complement MiR’s lower payload products. AutoGuide is includedthan forecasted revenues in our Industrial AutomationRobotics segment. Continued strengthening of the U.S. dollar would adversely affect Robotics revenue growth in 2023.

2


Our corporate strategy continues to focus on profitably gaining market share in our test businesses through the introduction of differentiated products that target expanding segments and accelerating growth through continued investment in our Robotics businesses. We plan to continue investing in our growth while balancing capital allocations between returning capital to our shareholders through stock repurchases and dividends and using capital for acquisitions.

Investor Information

We are a Massachusetts corporation incorporated on September 23, 1960. We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”). We file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).SEC. The SEC maintains an internet site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file documents electronically.

2

You can access financial and other information, including the charters of our Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, our Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Conduct, by clicking the Investors link on our web site at www.teradyne.com. We make available, free of charge, copies of our filings with the SEC, including our annual reports on Form

10-K,
quarterly reports on Form
10-Q,
current reports on Form
8-K
and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act through our web site as soon as reasonably practicable after filing such material electronically or otherwise furnishing it to the SEC.

Products

Semiconductor Test

We design, manufacture, sell and support Semiconductor Test products and services on a worldwide basis. The test systems we provide are used both for wafer level and device package testing.testing of semiconductor devices. These chipsdevices are used in automotive, industrial, communications, consumer, smartphones, andcloud, computer and electronic game applications, among others. Semiconductor devices span a broad range of functionality, from very simple

low-cost
devices such as appliance microcontrollers, operational amplifiers or voltage regulators to complex digital signal processors, Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (“AI/ML”) training, high performance computing and microprocessors as well as memory devices. Semiconductor Test products and services are sold to IDMsintegrated device manufacturers (“IDMs”) that integrate the fabrication of silicon wafers into their business, “Fabless” companies that outsource the manufacturing of silicon wafers, “Foundries” that cater to the processing and manufacturing of silicon wafers, and OSATssemiconductor assembly and test providers (“OSATs”) that provide test and assembly services for the final packaged devices to both Fabless companies and IDMs. Fabless companies perform the design of integrated circuits without manufacturing capabilities and use Foundries for wafer manufacturing and OSATs for test and assembly. These customers obtain the overall benefit of comprehensively testing devices and reducing the total costs associated with testing by using our Semiconductor Test systems to:

improve and control product quality;

measure and improve product performance;

reduce time to market; and

increase production yields.

Our FLEX Test Platform architecture advances our core technologies to produce test equipment that is designed for high efficiency multi-site testing. Multi-site testing involves the simultaneous testing of many devices in parallel. Leading semiconductor manufacturers are using multi-site testing to significantly improve their “Cost of Test” economics. The FLEX Test Platform architecture addresses customer requirements through the following key capabilities:

A high efficiency multi-site architecture that reduces tester overhead such as instrument setup, synchronization and data movement, and signal processing;

3


The

IG-XL
IG-XL™ software operating system which provides fast program development, including instant conversion from single to multi-site test; and

Broad technology coverage by instruments designed to cover the range of test parameters, coupled with a universal slot test head design that allows easy test system reconfiguration to address changing test needs.

FLEX Test Platform purchases are made by IDMs, OSATs, Foundries and Fabless customers. The FLEX Test Platform has become a widely used test solution at OSATs by providing versatile testers that can handle the widest range of devices, allowing OSATs to leverage their capital investments. The broad consumer, automotive and broadband markets have historically driven most of the device volume growth in the semiconductor industry. These markets include smartphones, cellmobile phones and tablets, set top boxes, HDTVs, game controllers, computer graphics,PCs, servers, networking and automotive controllers to name a few.electronics. These end use markets continue to be drivers for the FLEX

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Test Platform family of products because they require a wide range of technologies and instrument coverage. In 2019, we introduced our next generation UltraFlex
UltraFLEXPlus
tester, the newest member of the UltraFlexUltraFLEX family, UltraFlex
UltraFLEXPlus
uses the new PACE
TM
architecture to deliver superior economics and fast time to market for complex digital devices. The FLEX Test Platform has an installed base of more than 7,000 systems.

Our J750

J750™ test system shares the
IG-XL
software environment with the family of FLEX Test Platform systems. The J750 is designed to address the highesthandle high volume semiconductor devices, such as microcontrollers, that are central to the functionality of almost every consumer electronics product, from small appliances to automobiles. J750 test systems combine compact packaging, high throughput and ease of production test. We extended the J750 platform technology to create the IP750 Image Sensor
Sensor™ test system. The IP750 is focused on testing image sensor devices used in smartphones, automobiles and other imaging products. We have continued to invest in the J750 platform with new instrument releases that bring new capabilities to existing market segments and expand the J750 platform to new devices that include high end microcontrollers and the latest generation of cameras. The J750 platform has an installed base of over 5,800 systems.
image sensors.

Our Magnum platform addresses the requirements of mass production test of memory devices such asfor flash memory and DRAM.DRAM memory. Flash and DRAM memory are widely used core building blocks in modern electronic products finding wide application in consumer, industrial, and computing equipment. Magnum V,7, the newest member of the family introduced at the end of 2021, is a next generation memory test solution designed for parallel memory test in the flash, DRAM and multi-chip package markets. In 2019, we introduced a high-speed DRAM test version of our Magnum platform called Magnum EpicEPIC giving us full product coverage of the memory test market. The Magnum platform has an installed base of over 2,800 systems.

Our ETS platform is used by semiconductor manufacturers and assembly and test subcontractors, primarily in the analog/mixed signal markets that cover more cost sensitive applications. Our proprietary SmartPin

technology enables high efficiency multi-site testing, on an individual test system, permitting greater test throughput. Semiconductors tested by ETS platform systems are incorporated into a wide range of products in historically high-growth markets, including mobile devices, video/multimedia products, automotive electronics, computer peripherals, and notebook and desktop computers. The newest products fromEagle platform includes the platform include the
ETS-88,
a high performance multi-site production test system designed to test a wide variety of high volume commoditypower and precision devices, including Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN) power devices used in vehicle electrification, and the
ETS-800,
a high performance multi-site production test system, is used to test high complexity power devices in automotive, industrial and consumer applications. The ETS platform has an installed base of over 5,200 systems.
Lemsys SA, which we acquired in January 2019, has added a high power discrete device tester to our portfolio of semiconductor testers. Lemsys’s testers address the emerging segment for high power discrete devices used in electric vehicles, wind and solar power generation and other high power industrial applications.

System Test

Our System Test segment is comprised of three business units: Defense/Aerospace, Storage Test, Defense/Aerospace, and Production Board Test.

4


Storage Test

The Storage Test business unit addresses the high throughput, automated manufacturing test requirements of hard disk drive (“HDD”) and semiconductor manufacturers. Our HDD products address the client and enterprise storage markets. The client market is driven by the needs of desktop, laptop, and external HDD storage products. The enterprise market is driven by the needs of data centers and cloud storage. Our system level test product for the semiconductor production market is used to test devices following wafer and package test. The business unit’s products lead in addressing customer requirements related to factory density, throughput and thermal performance.

Defense/Aerospace

We are a leading provider of high performance test systems, subsystems, instruments and service for the defense and aerospace markets. Our test products are used to ensure the readiness of military and commercial aerospace electronics systems. New programs, such as tactical aircraft and missile systems, as well as upgrade programs, continue to fuel the demand for high performance test systems in this market. Our test products are well-suited to the demands of defense/aerospace electronics manufacturers and repair depots worldwide. Our leadership in this market is underscored by our success with major Department of Defense programs across all U.S. military service branches and many allied defense services worldwide.

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Storage Test
The Storage Test business unit addresses the high throughput, automated manufacturing test requirements of hard disk drive (“HDD”) and solid state disk (“SSD”) manufacturers and semiconductor manufacturers. Our products address the client and enterprise storage markets. The client market is driven by the needs of desktop, laptop, and external HDD and SSD storage products. The enterprise market is driven by the needs of data centers and cloud storage. In 2017, we developed a system level test product for the semiconductor production market, called Titan. Titan is used to test devices following wafer and package test. The business unit’s products lead in addressing customer requirements related to factory density, throughput and thermal performance.

Production Board Test

Our test systems are used by electronics manufacturers and OEMs worldwide to perform

In-Circuit-Test
(“ICT”) and device programming of printed circuit board assemblies. Fast, accurate and cost-effective test capabilities are hallmark features of our Test Station and Spectrum ICT product families. We offer the Test Station in
off-line
and automated
in-line
configurations. The automated
in-line
configurations address the growing requirements for automating production lines for high volume applications, such as automotive electronics.
Industrial Automation
Our Industrial Automation segment is comprised of four business units: Universal Robots, Mobile Industrial Robots, AutoGuideelectronics, computing, and Energid.
Universal Robots
Universal Robots, which was acquired in June 2015, is a leading supplier of collaborative robots, which are
low-cost,
easy-to-deploy
and
simple-to-program
robots that work side by side with production workers to improve quality, increase manufacturing efficiency and decrease manufacturing costs. Collaborative robots are designed to mimic the motion of a human arm and can be fitted with task specific grippers or fixtures to support a wide range of applications. Universal Robots offers three collaborative robot models, the UR3, UR5, and UR10, each with different weight carrying capacity and arm reach. All models are easily integrated into existing production environments. Universal Robots’ products are differentiated by their:
easy programming using a graphical interface which allows users to program the collaborative robot in a few hours;
flexibility and ease of use in allowing customers to change the task the collaborative robot is performing as their production demands dictate;
safe operations as collaborative robots can assist workers in side by side production environments requiring no special safety enclosures or shielding to protect workers; and
short payback period, on average less than 12 months.
In 2018, Universal Robots introduced its
e-Series
collaborative robots which include technology advances that enable faster development of applications, greater precision and improved safety. Universal Robots offers four
e-Series
collaborative robot models UR3e, UR5e, UR10e and UR16e that was launched in September 2019.
Cumulatively, Universal Robots has sold over 42,000 collaborative robots in diverse production environments and applications.
Mobile Industrial Robots
MiR, which was acquired in April 2018, is a leading supplier of collaborative autonomous mobile robots (“AMRs”), which are
low-cost,
easy-to-deploy
and
simple-to-program
mobile robots that increase manufacturing
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and warehouse efficiency and decrease costs. Collaborative autonomous mobile robots are designed to move material from point to point via autonomous navigation rather than the need for traditional mobile robot guidance infrastructure such as painted or magnetic strips, and are designed to navigate safely around obstacles and people. MiR offers four collaborative autonomous mobile robot models, the MiR100, MiR200, MiR500 and MiR 1000 (launched in May 2019) each with different payload carrying capacity. All models are easily integrated into existing production environments. MiR’s products are differentiated by their:
easy programming using a graphical interface which allows users to program the collaborative robot in a few hours;
ease of use, speed of deployment and flexibility in allowing customers to change the task as their demands dictate;
reliable autonomous navigation over large manufacturing and warehouse areas; and
short payback period, on average 12–18 months.
Cumulatively, MiR has sold over 3,000 collaborative autonomous mobile robots in diverse production and warehouse environments and applications.
Energid
Energid, which was acquired in February 2018, is a leading supplier of real-time advanced robot motion control software, which automation suppliers use to coordinate the control of multiple automation axes for performing tasks. Motion control software performs the complex mathematics and functions needed to enable robot motion for tasks such as grasping and moving an object. Energid offers developer and run time licenses of its Actin software. Actin is integrated by customers into the customers’ robot and automation solutions. Actin products are differentiated by their:
highly flexible, adaptive, robot motion control; and
task optimized robotic path planning.
Cumulatively, Energid has sold over 500 Actin developer and run time licenses deployed in diverse automation applications.
AutoGuide
AutoGuide, which was acquired in November 2019, is a maker of high payload AMRs, an emerging and fast growing segment of the global forklift market. AutoGuide’s AMRs are used for material transport of payloads up to 4,500 kg in manufacturing, warehouse and logistics applications. These products complement MiR’s lower payload products.
Cumulatively, AutoGuide has sold over 150 autonomous mobile robots in diverse production and warehouse environments and applications.
communications.

Wireless Test

Our acquisition of LitePoint in 2011 and ZTEC Instruments Inc. (“ZTEC”) in 2013 expanded our product offerings in the wireless test market. UnderWireless Test business operates under the LitePoint brand name these products provideand provides test solutions utilized in the development and manufacturing of wireless devices.devices and modules. The world’s leading makers of smartphones, tablets, notebooks, laptops, peripherals, and

Internet-of-Things
(IoT) (“IoT”) devices rely on LitePoint technology to ensure their products get into consumer hands with high quality and high efficiency.

LitePoint hardware and software wireless test solutions are used in test insertions that span design verification to high volume manufacturing and are deployed across the entire production

eco-system
from the
6

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wireless chipset suppliers to the consumer brands. Wireless devices are often tested at multiple points along the manufacturing process that include insertions at component,
system-in-package
(“SiP”), module, PCB, SMT and finished product stages.

Design verification is an important step in the development process for evaluating product performance prior to starting production. As end market unit volumes have increased, the quantity of units and the amount of data that must be analyzed for a successful product launch continues to grow. LitePoint products provide easy to use, domain specific tools for rapid analysis of product performance. This helps to speed time to market.

In high volume manufacturing, before products are packaged and shipped, wireless test enables the calibration of each individual product’s wireless performance to improve range, data throughput and battery life. Testing also verifies product specifications for product quality control. As markets become increasingly competitive, product performance and quality provide brand differentiation.

5


Wireless standards can be thought of in two categories,three categories: connectivity, cellular and cellular.location. Connectivity covers many standards such as

Wi-Fi
Bluetooth, and GPS.Bluetooth. LitePoint’s IQxel products cover emerging
Wi-Fi
standards such as WiFi 6 (802.11ax)6E and WiFi 7 which makes use of the newly allocated 6-7GHz spectrum. Connectivity also includes a variety of other standards such as Bluetooth Classic, Bluetooth 5.0 and Bluetooth low energy, Zigbee,
Z-Wave,
NFC, LoRa GPS, GLONASS and others.

The IQxel product family’s high-performancehigh performance wireless and multi-device testing economics isare aligned with the needs of networking equipment, Internet gateways, IoT products and embedded modules used in smartphones, tablets, and PCs. In 2019, we2021, LitePoint introduced a new product in the IQxel familyIQxel-MX testing solution for the testing 7GHz WiFiof Wi-Fi devices. Another connectivity product, the IQnfc, addresses the growing use of NFC technology for payments with mobile devices.

Cellular standards include 2G, 3G, 4G and emergingthe new 5G mobile phone technologies. LitePoint’s IQxstream is a multi-device production test optimized solution for high-speedhigh speed testing of GSM, EDGE, CDMA2000,

TD-SCDMA,
WCDMA, HSPA+,
LTE-FDD,
TD_LTE, and
LTE-A,
LTE and 5G technologies. It is used for calibration and verification of smartphones, tablets, small cell wireless gatewaysradio units and embedded cellular modules. The IQcell, is a multi-device cellular signaling test solution which enables user experience testing of LTE and 5G cellular devices via
over-the-air
connections.over-the-air. The IQgig family provides test solutionsolutions at the intermediaryintermediate and millimeter wave frequencies for 5G, proximity radar and 802.11ad. In 2018, we introduced a

Location technologies have traditionally been satellite-based wireless signals such as GPS and GLONASS, which are tested on LitePoint’s connectivity and cellular equipment. A new producttechnology called Ultra-WideBand is being adopted in the IQgig family for testing

mm-wave
handsets.
IoT, automotive and mobile phones. Ultra-WideBand provides finer location capability and is tested on LitePoint’s IQgig-UWB equipment.

To complement the test systems, LitePoint offers turnkey test software for over 350 of the most popular wireless chipsets. These optimized solutions provide rapid development of high volume manufacturing solutions with a minimum of engineering effort by customers.

Robotics

Our Robotics segment is comprised of two business units: Universal Robots and Mobile Industrial Robots.

Universal Robots

Universal Robots is a leading supplier of collaborative robots, which are low-cost, easy-to-deploy and simple-to-program robots that work side by side with production workers to improve quality, increase manufacturing efficiency and decrease manufacturing costs. Collaborative robots are designed to mimic the motion of a human arm and can be fitted with task specific grippers or end effectors to support a wide range of applications. Universal Robots offers a variety of collaborative robot models, including the UR3, UR5, UR10, UR16 and UR20, each with different weight carrying capacity and arm reach. All models are easily integrated into existing production environments. Universal Robots’ products are differentiated by their:

easy programming using a graphical interface which allows users to program the collaborative robot in a few hours;

flexibility and ease of use in allowing customers to change the task the collaborative robot is performing as their production demands dictate;

safe operations as collaborative robots can assist workers in side-by-side production environments requiring no special safety enclosures or shielding to protect workers; and

short payback period, on average 12-18 months.

6


In 2018, Universal Robots introduced its e-Series collaborative robots which include technology advances that enable faster development of applications, greater precision and improved safety. Universal Robots offers four e-Series collaborative robot models UR3e, UR5e, UR10e, and UR16e. In 2021, Universal Robots introduced the upgraded version of its UR10e with 25% more payload to address market demand. In 2022, Universal Robots introduced the first of its next generation industrial collaborative robots, the UR20. This model, which begins shipment in the first half of 2023, has a 1750 millimeter reach and 20 kg payload capacity. UR20 handles more tasks, fits more applications and assists in more environments.

Mobile Industrial Robots

In September 2022, we merged MiR and AutoGuide to become a single supplier of AMRs to accelerate the creation of the industry’s widest ranging autonomous mobile robot platform for the manufacturing and logistics segments. MiR is a leading supplier of AMRs, which are low-cost, easy-to-deploy and simple-to-program mobile robots that increase manufacturing and warehouse efficiency and decrease costs. Collaborative autonomous mobile robots are designed to move material from point to point via autonomous navigation rather than the need for traditional mobile robot guidance infrastructure such as painted or magnetic strips and are designed to navigate safely around obstacles and people. MiR offers four collaborative autonomous mobile robot models, MiR100, MiR250, MiR600 and MiR1350, each with different payload carrying capacity. MiR 600 and MiR1350 were launched in the fall 2021. All models can be easily integrated into existing production environments. MiR’s products are differentiated by their:

easy programming using a graphical interface which allows users to program the AMR in a few hours;

ease of use, speed of deployment and flexibility in allowing customers to change the task as their demands dictate;

reliable autonomous navigation over large manufacturing and warehouse areas; and

short payback period, on average 12–24 months.

MiR also supports high payload AMRs, an emerging and fast-growing segment of the global forklift market used for material transport of payloads up to 4,500 kg in manufacturing, warehouse and logistics applications. These products complement MiR’s lower payload products.

Sales and Distribution

In 20192021 and 2018, no single direct customer accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated revenues. In 2017,2020, revenues from Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd. accounted for 13% of our consolidated revenues. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd. is, a customer of our Semiconductor Test segment.segment, accounted for 12% and 15%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues. In each of the years, 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017,2020, our five largest direct customers in aggregate accounted for 27%26%, 27%33% and 32%36% of our consolidated revenues, respectively.

OSAT customers, such as Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd., often purchase our test systems based upon recommendations from OEMs, IDMs and Fabless companies. In all cases when an OSAT customer purchases a test system from us, we consider the OSAT as the customer since credit risk, title and risk of loss, among other things, are between Teradyne and the OSAT. We estimate consolidated revenues driven by Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. (“Huawei”),Qualcomm, a customer of our Semiconductor Test, System Test, and Wireless Test segments, combining direct and indirect sales, to that customer with sales to the customer’s OSATs, accounted for approximately 11%, 4% and 1% of our consolidated revenues in 2019, 20182022 and 2017,

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Table of Contents
respectively.less than 10% in 2021 and 2020. We estimate consolidated revenues driven by anotherone OEM customer, of our Semiconductor Test and Wireless Test segments, combining direct sales to that customer with sales to the customer’s OSATs (which include Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd.), accounted for approximatelyless than 10%, 13% and 22% of our consolidated revenues in 2019, 20182022, and 2017,19% and 25% of our consolidated revenues in 2021 and 2020, respectively. The loss of, or significant decrease in demand from Huawei or this other OEM customer or any of our five largest direct customers, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We have sales and service offices located throughout North America, Central America, Asia and Europe. We sell in these areas predominantly through a direct sales force, except for Industrial AutomationRobotics products, which are sold

7


principally through distributors. Our manufacturing activities for our test businesses are primarily conducted through subcontractors and outsourced contract manufacturers with significant operations in China and Malaysia.

The manufacturing activities for our Robotics businesses are done primarily in our production facilities in Denmark and the U.S.

Sales to customers outside the United States were 85%, 87%89%, and 88%90%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues in 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017.2020. Sales are attributed to geographic areas based on the location of the customer site.

See also “Item 1A: Risk Factors” and Note T: “Operating Segment, Geographic and Significant Customer Information” in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Competition

We face significant competition throughout the world in each of our reportable segments. Competitors in the Semiconductor Test segment include, among others, Advantest Corporation and Cohu, Inc.

Competitors in the System Test segment include, among others, Keysight Technologies, Inc., Advantest Corporation, Test Research, Inc. and SPEA S.p.A.

Competitors in our Industrial AutomationWireless Test segment include, among others, Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG, Anritsu Company, Keysight Technologies, Inc., National Instruments Corporation, Welzek and iTest.

Competitors in our Robotics segment include manufacturers of traditional industrial robots such as KUKA Robotics Corporation, ABB, FANUC and Yaskawa Electric Corporation, companies with emerging collaborative robot offerings such as Techman, Doosan, and AUBO Robotics, and manufacturers of autonomous mobile robots such as Omron, Fetch, OTTO Motors, Vecna, Seegrid and Balyo.

Competitors in our Wireless Test segment include, among others, Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG, Anritsu Company, Keysight Technologies, Inc. and National Instruments Corporation.

Some of our competitors may have substantially greater financial and other resources to pursue engineering, manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of their products. We also face competition from emerging Asian companies and from internal suppliers at several of our customers. Some of our competitors have introduced or announced new products with certain performance characteristics which may be considered equal or superior to those we currently offer. We expect our competitors to continue to improve the performance of their current products and to introduce new products or new technologies that provide improved cost of ownership and performance characteristics. See also “Item 1A: Risk Factors.”

Backlog

At December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, our backlog of unfilled orders in our four reportable segments was as follows:

         
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
(in millions)
 
Semiconductor Test
 $
543.2
  $
367.5
 
System Test
  
206.0
   
149.5
 
Wireless Test
  
42.9
   
32.0
 
Industrial Automation
  
17.9
   
19.7
 
         
 $
810.0
  $
568.7
 
         
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Table of Contents

   2022   2021 
   (in millions) 

Semiconductor Test

  $879.6   $824.1 

System Test

   253.0    375.4 

Wireless Test

   60.0    56.8 

Robotics

   42.6    28.1 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $1,235.2   $1,284.4 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Customers may delay delivery of products or cancel orders suddenly and without advanced notice, subject to possible cancellation penalties. Due to possible customer changes in delivery schedules and cancellation of orders, our backlog at any particular date is not necessarily indicative of the actual sales for any succeeding

8


period. Delays in delivery schedules or cancellations of backlog during any particular period could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Raw Materials

Our products contain electronic and mechanical components that are provided by a wide range of suppliers. Some of these components are standard products, while others are manufactured to our specifications. We can experience occasionalhave experienced delays in obtaining timely delivery of certain items.components. These delays have impacted and may continue to impact the manufacturing of certain products and the timing of delivery of those products to our customers. While the majority of our components are available from multiple suppliers, certain items are obtained from sole sources. We may experience a temporary adverse impact if any of our sole source suppliers delay or cease to deliver products.

Intellectual Property and Licenses

The development of our products, both hardware and software, is based in significant part on proprietary information, our brands and technology. We protect our rights in proprietary information, brands and technology through various methods, such as:

patents;

copyrights;

trademarks;

patents;
copyrights;
trademarks;

trade secrets;

standards of business conduct and related business practices; and

technology license agreements, software license agreements,

non-disclosure
agreements, employment agreements, and other agreements.

However, these protections might not be effective in all circumstances. Competitors might independently develop similar technology or exploit our proprietary information and our brands in countries where we lack enforceable intellectual property rights or where enforcement of such rights through the legal system provides an insufficient deterrent. Also, intellectual property protections can lapse or be invalidated through appropriate legal processes. We do not believe that any single piece of intellectual property or proprietary rights is essential to our business.

Employees

Human Capital

We believe that our future success depends upon our continued ability to attract, develop, and retain a high-performance workforce, comprised of people with shared values. As of December 31, 2019,2022, we employed approximately 5,400 people.6,500 employees, of whom approximately 2,000 were employed in the United States and approximately 4,500 were employed outside of the United States. Our largest non-US employee populations are in the Philippines (17%), Denmark (12%), China (11%), Taiwan (6%) and Costa Rica (6%). We also leverage contractors to provide flexibility for our business and manufacturing needs. As of December 31, 2022, we worked with approximately 300 contractors globally. Since the inception of our business, we have experienced no work stoppages or other labor disturbances.

Corporate Culture

Our core values are conducting business with honesty and integrity, collaborating with our colleagues as a company without doors, and partnering with our customers every step of the way, because customers count on us.

9


Environmental Affairs

We strive to foster a positive work environment that helps employees thrive. It is a priority for us to ensure that our people feel inspired, supported, safe and able to achieve their personal best. We are committed to equality through nondiscrimination, harassment prevention and pay equity policies. We value a diverse, inclusive and respectful work environment where all employees enjoy challenging assignments, development opportunities and a safe, positive culture.

We are committed to conducting business in a responsible manner, with strategic operational policies, procedures and values that support transparency, sustainability and legal compliance. We ensure ethical operations and business commitments through robust governance of the company’s code of conduct and global environmental, health and safety programs.

Competitive Pay and Benefits

The primary objective of our compensation program is to provide a compensation and benefits package that will continue to attract, retain, motivate and reward high performing employees who operate in a highly competitive and technologically challenging environment. We seek to achieve this objective by linking a significant portion of compensation to company and business unit performance. We enable employees worldwide to share in the success of the company through various programs including a stock purchase program, equity compensation, profit sharing and bonus plans. We seek competitiveness and fairness in total compensation with reference to peer comparisons and internal equity.

In addition to providing our employees with competitive compensation packages, we offer benefits designed to meet the needs of employees and their families worldwide, including paid time off, parental leave, bereavement leave, health insurance coverage, flexible work arrangements, contributions to retirement savings, and access to employee assistance and work-life programs.

Employee Development and Training

We believe that employee development and training is a key factor in attracting, motivating, improving and retaining a strong, competitive global workforce. We provide continual development to our employees focused on developing their job skills and competencies. Examples include new manager competencies like giving feedback and coaching, and training in software development tools and project management. Our employees worldwide also receive annual performance reviews and are involved in setting goals for their own development and performance. Employees and managers look back on the previous year, review career development plans and create goals for the next year. In 2022, we implemented a new learning management system integrated with our human resource system. This enabled our business to more easily create and offer business training courses.

We are committed to recruiting and developing talent at the collegiate level to help advance Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (“STEM”) education for the future generation. For example, our paid internships and entry-level positions offer real-world experience, and our co-op program offers higher education students a unique learning opportunity as students alternate one semester in a work assignment and one semester in the classroom. Additionally, we offer reimbursement for educational courses related to an employee’s work or as part of a degree program, including tuition, lab fees and books. We also offer a scholarship program for employees with college-age children and grandchildren. In 2022, almost half of the scholarship recipients were outside of the United States.

Employee Engagement

We conduct regular employee surveys to check in with our global workforce and obtain input on a number of topics. The feedback we receive from these surveys helps us assess employee sentiment, identify areas of improvement and guides our decision-making as it relates to people management. In addition, our CEO and other executives meet with employees wordwide on a frequent basis through exchange meetings and quarterly

10


webcasts. The exchange meetings allow the executives to directly interact with a small group of employees, while the global webcasts enable all employees to engage with senior leaders and ask questions in an open Q&A session.

We also offer employees worldwide an opportunity to network and connect with colleagues who share similar interests. This includes global groups such as New Employees to Teradyne, Woman’s Affinity Group, Veterans, Blue and Green (for team members that are committed to the environment), Runner’s affinity group and LGBTQ+ advocates.

Diversity and Inclusion

We believe in fostering a diverse workforce and equitable and inclusive culture in order to build a stronger and more resilient company for our customers, our employees and our communities worldwide. To support this effort, we have a Diversity and Inclusion Charter which was developed by our Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (“DEI”) executive sub-committee and designed to ensure that we build diversity across our workforce. In addition, in 2021, we hired our first DEI program manager and launched an internal DEI website for employees. We have established programs for recruiting and hiring candidates from various backgrounds and experiences. We have implemented policies regarding gender pay equity and have conducted audits in the United States which have not identified any pay equity issues in the employee populations tested. We conduct mandatory DEI-related training for our employees worldwide and offer a wide variety of optional DEI-related training courses as well. We are an equal opportunity and affirmative action employer committed to making employment decisions without regard to race, religion, ethnicity or national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, age, disability, protected veteran status or any other characteristics protected by law.

We have a tradition of amplifying the charitable actions of our employees and responding to the needs of the communities where we work. To support positive change in society, we have donated to organizations fighting for social justice and racial equality. We also sponsor the Massachusetts Conference for Women and the California Conference for Women offering opportunities for business networking, professional development and personal growth. To make it easier for employees to support charitable activities and magnify the impact of support, we established a formal matching gift program, “Teradyne Cares.” The program matches up to $1,000 per year of an employee’s donations to qualified non-profit organizations.

Additionally, advancing education for future generations is a primary initiative at Teradyne. We support STEM programs at the middle, high school and collegiate level ranging from middle and high school robotics competitions to college scholarships, to underwriting university programs to increase the diversity of STEM graduates worldwide. We also donate test equipment and robots to colleges, universities, and vocational programs.

Health and Safety

The health and safety of our employees worldwide is our highest priority. We are committed to complying with all applicable regulatory health and safety requirements wherever we operate. We conduct internal audits, regular reviews and monitoring of regulations to ensure compliance with laws and regulations at the local, state, province and country levels. We ensure workers are provided with the knowledge to perform their jobs safely by deploying mandatory environmental, health and safety training. We also require contractors to complete safety training prior to working at any Teradyne site. We monitor, track and report common safety metrics such as accidents, near misses and illness. Our injury and illness rate is below the industry average. We also provide our employees with a flexible and adjustable workspace, which includes reviewing ergonomics issues in the workplace, educating employees to self-identify risks and ensuring they have the work environment they need to do their jobs safely and effectively.

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Throughout the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, we have focused on ensuring the health and safety of our employees and providing the resources to effectively work remotely and to work in a safe environment when on site. We have encouraged our workforce to become fully vaccinated. We have also supported our global workforce by sending regular all-employee communications, providing development opportunities for managers and employees to support effectively working virtually, establishing emergency response teams to empower local decision-making, conducting surveys to check in with employees, sharing regular video updates from our leadership team, and establishing a well-defined return to work process.

Regulatory Environment

We are subject to various federal, state, and local government laws and regulations relating to international trade, business conduct, the protection of employee health and safety and the environment.

We accrue for all known environmental liabilities when it becomes probable that we will incur cleanup costs and those costs can reasonably be estimated. Estimated environmental costs are not expected to materially affect the financial position or results of our operations in future periods. However, estimates of future costs are subject to change due to protracted cleanup periods and changing environmental remediation laws and regulations.

We are subject to U.S. laws and regulations that limit and restrict the export of some of our products and services and may restrict our transactions with certain customers, business partners and other persons. In certain circumstances, export control and economic sanctions regulations prohibit the export of certain products, services, and technologies, and in other circumstances we are required to obtain an export license before exporting the controlled item. For example, we must comply with current U.S. Department of Commerce export control regulations restricting transactions with certain customers in China. We must also comply with export restrictions and laws imposed by other countries affecting trade and investments. We maintain an export compliance program but there are risks that the compliance controls could be circumvented, exposing us to legal liabilities. Compliance with these laws has limited our sales and likely will continue to limit sales to certain customers in the future. Changes in, and responses to, U.S. trade policy could reduce the competitiveness of our products and cause our sales to drop, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

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9

INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Pursuant to General Instruction G (3) of Form

10-K,
the following table is included in Part I of this Annual Report on Form
10-K
in lieu of being included in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The table sets forth the names of all of our executive officers and certain other information relating to their positions held with Teradyne and other business experience. Our executive officers do not have a specific term of office but rather serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors.

Executive Officer

  Age  

Position

  
Executive Officer
Age
Position

Business Experience for The Past 5 Years

Mark E. Jagiela

Gregory S. Smith

  
59
  
Chief Executive Officer, President and President
of Robotics
  
Chief Executive Officer since February 2014;2023; President of Teradyne since January 2013;July 2022; President of Robotics since October 2020; President of Semiconductor Test from 2003February 2016 to September 2020; Vice President, SOC Business Group and Marketing Manager for Semiconductor Test Group from January 2014 to February 2016; Vice President of TeradyneBusiness Unit Manager, Complex SOC Business Unit from 20012009 to 2013.
January 2014.

Sanjay Mehta

  54  
Sanjay Mehta
51
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
  
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Teradyne since April 2019; Senior Vice President and General Manager of Compute and XR Products at Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. (“Qualcomm”) from June 2018 to March 2019; President of Qualcomm’s semiconductor segment (“QCT”) China from March 2016 to June 2018; Senior Vice President Business Operations of QCT at Qualcomm from November 2015 to March 2016; Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President, Sales Operations, of QCT at Qualcomm from October 2010 to November 2015.

Charles J. Gray

  61  
Charles J. Gray
58
Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
  
Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Teradyne since April 2009.

Bradford B. Robbins

  64  
Bradford B. Robbins
61
President of Wireless Test
  
President of Wireless Test since August 2014; Chief Operating Officer of LitePoint Corporation from 2012 to 2014; Vice President of Teradyne since 2001.

Richard J. Burns

  60  
Gregory S. Smith
56
President of Semiconductor Test
  
President of Semiconductor Test since February 2016;October 2020; Vice President, SOC Business Group and Marketing Manager for Semiconductor Test GroupEngineering from January 2014February 2016 to February 2016; Business Unit Manager, Complex SOC Business Unit from 2009 to January 2014.
Walter G. Vahey
55
Executive Vice President, Business Development
Executive Vice President, Business Development since December 2017; President of System Test from July 2012 to December 2017; Vice President of Teradyne since 2008; General Manager of Storage Test from 2008 to December 2017; General Manager of Production Board Test from April 2013 to December 2017.
September 2020.

Item 1A:

Risk Factors

Risks Associated with Our Business

The risks described below are not the only risks that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

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10

Risks Associated with Teradyne’s Markets

Our business is impacted by global and industry-specific economic cycles, which are difficult to predict, and actions we have taken or may take to offset these cycles may not be sufficient.

Capital equipment providers in the electronics, semiconductor industries and industrial automation,robotics, such as Teradyne, have, in the past, been negatively impacted by both sudden slowdowns in the global economies and recurring cyclicality within those industries. These cycles have resulted in periods of over-supply; a trend we believe will continue to occur. Our business and results of operations depend, in significant part, upon capital expenditures of manufacturers of semiconductors electronics and other industrial products, which in turn depend upon the current and anticipated market demand for those products. Disruption or deterioration in economic conditions may reduce customer purchases of our products, thereby reducing our revenues and earnings. In addition, such adverse changes in economic conditions, and resulting slowdowns in the market for our products, may, among other things, result in increased price competition for our products, increased risk of excess and obsolete inventories, increased risk in the collectability of our accounts receivable from our customers, potential reserves for doubtful accounts and write-offs of accounts receivable, increased risk of restructuring charges, and higher operating costs as a percentage of revenues, which, in each case and together, adversely affect our operating results. We are unable to predict the likely duration, frequency and severity of disruptions in financial markets, credit availability, and adverse economic conditions throughout the world, and we cannot ensure that the level of revenues or new orders for a fiscal quarter will be sustained in subsequent quarters. We have taken actions to address the effects of general economic variability and recurring industry cyclicality, including implementing cost control and reduction measures. We cannot predict whether these measures will be sufficient to offset global or market-specific disruptions that might affect our test businesses and we may need to take additional or different measures in the future.

We are subject to intense competition.

We face significant competition throughout the world in each of our reportable segments. Some of our competitors have substantial financial and other resources to pursue engineering, manufacturing, marketing and distribution of their products. We also face competition from emerging Asian companies and internal development at several of our customers. Some of our competitors have introduced or announced new products with certain performance characteristics that may be considered equal or superior to those we currently offer. We expect our competitors to continue to improve the performance of their current products and to introduce new products or new technologies that provide improved cost of ownership and performance characteristics. New product introductions by competitors could cause a decline in revenues or loss of market acceptance of our products.

The market for our products is concentrated, and our business depends, in part, on obtaining orders from a few significant customers.

The market for our products is concentrated with a limited number of significant customers accounting for a substantial portion of the purchases of test equipment. In each of the years, 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017,2020, our five largest direct customers in aggregate accounted for 27%26%, 27%33% and 32%36% of consolidated revenues, respectively.

We estimate consolidated revenues driven by Huawei,Qualcomm, a customer of our Semiconductor Test, System Test, and Wireless Test segments, combining direct and indirect sales to that customer with sales to the customer’s OSATs,Qualcomm, accounted for approximately 11%, 4% and 1% of our consolidated revenues in 2019, 20182022 and 2017, respectively.less than 10% in 2021 and 2020. We estimate consolidated revenues driven by anotherone OEM customer, of our Semiconductor Test and Wireless Test segments, combining direct sales to that customer with sales to the customer’s OSATs (which include Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd.), accounted for approximatelyless than 10%, 13% and 22% of our consolidated revenues in 2019, 20182022, and 2017, respectively. In any one reporting period, a single customer or several customers may contribute even a larger percentage19% and 25% of our consolidated revenues.revenues in 2021 and 2020, respectively.

14


If we fail to develop new technologies to adapt to our customers’ needs and if our customers fail to accept our new products, our revenues will be adversely affected.

We believe that our technological position depends primarily on the technical competence and creative ability of our engineers. In addition,a rapidly evolving market, such as ours, the development or acquisition of new technologies, commercialization of those technologies into products and market acceptance and customer demand for those products are critical to our success. Successful product development or acquisition, introduction and acceptance depend upon a number of factors, including:

new product selection;

ability to increase sales will depend, in part, on our abilitymeet customer requirements including with respect to obtain orders from current or new significant customers. The opportunities to obtain orders from these customers may be limited, which may impair our ability to grow revenues. We expect that salessafety and cyber security;

development of competitive products by competitors;

timely and efficient completion of product design;

timely and efficient implementation of manufacturing and manufacturing processes;

timely remediation of product performance issues, if any, identified during testing;

assembly processes and product performance at customer locations;

differentiation of our products will continue to be concentrated with a limited numberfrom our competitors’ products;

management of significant customers for the foreseeable future. The

11

loss of a significant customer or any reduction in orders by these customers, including reductions due to market or competitive conditions, such as we experienced in our Wireless Test segment, would likely have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our operating results are likely to fluctuate significantly.
Our operating results are affected by a wide variety of factors that could materially adversely affect revenues or profitability. The following factors could impact future operations:
a worldwide economic slowdown or disruption in the global financial or industrial markets;
competitive pressures on selling prices;
our ability to introduce,expectations concerning product capabilities and the market acceptance of, new products;
changes in product revenues mix resulting from changes in customer demand;life cycles;

the level of orders received which can be shipped in a quarter because of the tendency

transition of customers to wait until late in a quarter to commit to purchase due to capital expenditure approvals and constraints occurring at the end of a quarter, or the hope of obtaining more favorable pricing from a competitor seeking the business;

engineering and development investments relating to new product introductions, and the expansion of manufacturing, outsourcing and engineering operations in Asia;platforms;

compliance with product safety regulations;

provisions for excess and obsolete inventory relating to the lack of demand for and the discontinuance of products;
impairment charges for certain long-lived and intangible assets, and goodwill;
an increase in the leasing of our products to customers;
disruption caused by health epidemics, such as the coronavirus outbreak;
our

ability to expandprotect products from cyber attacks when used by our global distribution channel for our collaborativecustomers;

ability to attract and mobile robots;retain technical talent; and

innovation that does not infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties.

parallel or multi-site testing which could lead to

Risks Associated with Operating a decrease in the ultimate size of the market for our semiconductor and electronic test products; and

the ability of our suppliers and subcontractors to meet product quality or delivery requirements needed to satisfy customer orders for our products, especially if consolidated revenues increase.
As a result of the foregoing and other factors, we have experienced and may continue to experience material fluctuations in future operating results on a quarterly or annual basis which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results or stock price.
Global Business

We are subject to risks of operating internationally.

A significant portion of our total revenues is derived from customers outside the United States. Our international sales and operations are subject to significant risks and difficulties, including:

unexpected changes in legal and regulatory requirements affecting international markets;

cost increases due to inflation

changes in tariffs and exchange rates;

social, political and economic instability, acts of terrorism and international conflicts;

disruption caused by health epidemics,pandemics, such as the coronavirus outbreak;coronavirus;

difficulties in protecting intellectual property;

difficulties in accounts receivable collection;

12

cultural differences in the conduct of business;

difficulties in staffing and managing international operations;

compliance with anti-corruption laws;

compliance with data privacy regulations;

15


compliance with customs and trade regulations; and

compliance with international tax laws and regulations.

In addition, an increasing portion of our products and the products we purchase from our suppliers are sourced or manufactured in foreign locations, including China, Malaysia and Malaysia,Denmark, and a large portion of the devices our products test are fabricated and tested by foundries and subcontractors in Taiwan, China, Korea and other parts of Asia. As a result, we are subject to a number of economic and other risks, particularly during times of political, health or financial instability in these regions. Disruption of manufacturing or supply sources in these international locations could materially adversely impact our ability to fill customer orders and potentially result in lost business.

The implementation of tariffs and export controls on our products may have a material impact on our business.
Our business operations and supply chain are global and may be disrupted by the implementation of tariffs and export controls on our products.
In 2018, the United States Trade Representative imposed a 25% tariff on many products, including certain Teradyne products that are made in China and imported into the United States. We have implemented operational changes that mitigate the impact of the 25% tariff on the import of our impacted products into the United States. As a result, we do not expect that the tariff will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Also in 2018, the United States Department of Commerce announced that it has commenced a review of new export controls focusing on emerging and foundational technologies. While there is uncertainty as

Risks Related to the technologies that will be covered, the new export controls could cover technologies used in one or more Teradyne products and, therefore, could impact the sale of certain Teradyne products and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

In addition to the actions taken by the United States, China has implemented retaliatory tariffs on products made in the United States and imported into China, including certain Teradyne products. We have implemented operational changes that mitigate the impact of the retaliatory tariffs. However, notwithstanding our efforts, the retaliatory tariffs or other trade restrictions implemented by China could disrupt our business operations, sales and supply chain and, therefore, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Trade regulations and restrictions could impact our ability to sell products to and support certain customers, which may materially adversely affect our sales and results of operations.
We are subject to U.S. laws and regulations that limit and restrict the export of some of our products and services and may restrict our transactions with certain customers, business partners and other persons. In certain circumstances, export control and economic sanctions regulations may prohibit the export of certain products, services and technologies, and in other circumstances we may be required to obtain an export license before exporting the controlled item. We must also comply with export restrictions and laws imposed by other countries affecting trade and investments. We maintain an export compliance program but there are risks that the compliance controls could be circumvented, exposing us to legal liabilities. Compliance with these laws has not
13

significantly limited our sales, but could significantly limit them in the future. Changes in, and responses to, U.S. trade policy could reduce the competitiveness of our products and cause our sales to drop, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
The U.S. government from time to time has issued export restrictions that prohibit U.S. companies from exporting U.S. manufactured products, foreign manufactured products with more than 25% controlled U.S. content, as well as U.S. origin technology. For example, the U.S. Department of Commerce has restricted the access of U.S. origin technologies to certain Chinese companies by adding those companies to the Entity List under U.S. Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”).
On May 16, 2019, Huawei and 68 of its affiliates, including HiSilicon, were added to the U.S. Department of Commerce Entity List under the EAR. This action by the U.S. Department of Commerce imposes new export licensing requirements on exports,
re-exports,
and
in-country
transfers of all U.S. regulated products, software and technology to the designated Huawei entities. While most of our products are not subject to the EAR and therefore not affected by the Entity List restrictions, certain of our products are currently manufactured in the U.S. and thus subject to the Entity List restrictions. Compliance with the Entity List restrictions has not significantly impacted our sales. In addition, the prohibition on transfers of U.S. origin technology to Huawei could significantly limit our ability to service certain of our products sold to Huawei and our ability to engage in product development activities with Huawei and, therefore, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Furthermore, Huawei’s inability to obtain products from other companies in its supply chain may adversely impact Huawei’s demand for our products. Huawei or other foreign customers affected by future U.S. government sanctions or threats of sanctions may respond by developing their own solutions to replace our products or by adopting our foreign competitors’ solutions. Also, our controls related to Entity List compliance could be circumvented, exposing us to legal liabilities. Even if such restrictions are lifted, any financial or other penalties or continuing export restrictions imposed on Huawei could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
The U.S. Department of Commerce is seeking to modify the U.S. EAR to expand the scope of the regulations to include more products that would become subject to the Entity List restrictions relating to Huawei and the designated Huawei entities including HiSilicon. These modified regulations, if implemented as currently reported, would impact our ability to continue to sell certain products directly to Huawei and HiSilicon, both of which are significant Teradyne customers. However, based on our understanding, these proposed modified regulations would not impact our sales to third party contract manufacturers used by Huawei and HiSilicon to manufacture and test semiconductor and other electronic devices. Because the business environment for Huawei is both fluid and uncertain, there are also risks that Huawei and HiSilicon may have less demand for our products and/or may purchase products from our competitors who are not impacted by the U.S. regulations. Until these or any new regulations become public and effective, we will not know the extent of the impact on our business with Huawei and HiSilicon. However, it is possible that these modified regulations and any other additional regulations that may be implemented by the U.S. Department of Commerce or other government agency would have a material impact on our business and financial results.
If we fail to develop new technologies to adapt to our customers’ needs and if our customers fail to accept our new products, our revenues will be adversely affected.
We believe that our technological position depends primarily on the technical competence and creative ability of our engineers. In a rapidly evolving market, such as ours, the development or acquisition of new technologies, commercialization of those technologies into products and market acceptance and customer demand for those products are critical to our success. Successful product development or acquisition, introduction and acceptance depend upon a number of factors, including:
new product selection;
ability to meet customer requirements including with respect to safety and cyber security;
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development of competitive products by competitors;
timely and efficient completion of product design;
timely and efficient implementation of manufacturing and manufacturing processes;
timely remediation of product performance issues, if any, identified during testing;
assembly processes and product performance at customer locations;
differentiation of our products from our competitors’ products;
management of customer expectations concerning product capabilities and product life cycles;
transition of customers to new product platforms;
compliance with product safety regulations;
ability to protect products from cyber attacks when used by our customers;
ability to attract and retain technical talent; and
innovation that does not infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties.
We may be subject to product recalls and warranty and product liability claims.
We invest significant resources in the design, manufacture and testing of our products. However, we may discover design or manufacturing defects in our products after they have been shipped and, as a result, we may incur development and remediation costs and be required to settle warranty and product liability claims. In addition, if any of our products contain defects or have reliability, quality or safety issues, we may need to conduct a product recall which could result in significant repair or replacement costs and substantial delays in product shipments and may damage our reputation which could make it more difficult to sell our products. Any of these results could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
If our suppliers do not meet product or delivery requirements, we could have reduced revenues and earnings.
Certain components, including semiconductor chips, may be in short supply from time to time because of high industry demand or the inability of some vendors to consistently meet our quality or delivery requirements. If any of our suppliers were to cancel contracts or commitments or fail to meet the quality or delivery requirements needed to satisfy customer orders for our products, we could lose time-sensitive customer orders, have significantly decreased revenues and earnings and be subject to contractual penalties, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, we rely on contract manufacturers for certain subsystems used in our products, and our ability to meet customer orders for those products depends upon the timeliness and quality of the work performed by these subcontractors, over whom we do not exercise any control.
To a certain extent, we are dependent upon the ability of our suppliers and contractors to help meet increased product or delivery requirements. It may be difficult for certain suppliers to meet delivery requirements in a period of rapid growth, therefore impacting our ability to meet our customers’ demands.
Our suppliers are subject to trade regulations, including tariffs and export restrictions imposed by the United States government and by the governments of other countries. These regulations could impact our suppliers’ ability to provide us with components for our products or could increase the price of those components.
We rely on the financial strength of our suppliers. There can be no assurance that the loss of suppliers either as a result of financial viability, bankruptcy or otherwise will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our operations may be adversely impacted if our outsourced contract manufacturers or service providers fail to perform.
We depend on Flex Ltd. (“Flex”) to manufacture and test our FLEX and J750 family of products from its facility in China, Plexus Corp. (“Plexus”) to manufacture and test our Magnum and ETS family of products from
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its facility in Malaysia, and on other contract manufacturers to manufacture other products. If for any reason these contract manufacturers cannot provide us with these products in a timely fashion, or at all, we may not be able to sell these products to our customers until we enter a similar arrangement with an alternative contract manufacturer. The Flex facility in China may be impacted by the ongoing trade dispute between the United States and China, by regulations implemented by the United States or China, or disruption caused by health epidemics, such as the coronavirus outbreak.
If we experience a problem with our supply of products from Flex or our other contract manufacturers, it may take us significant time to either manufacture the product or find an alternate contract manufacturer, which could result in substantial expense and disruption to our business.
We have also outsourced certain general and administrative functions to reputable service providers, many of which are in foreign countries, sometimes impacting communication with them because of language and time differences. Their presence in foreign countries also increases the risk they could be exposed to political risk. Additionally, there may be difficulties encountered in coordinating the outsourced operations with existing functions and operations. If we fail in successfully coordinating and managing the outsourced service providers, it may cause an adverse effect on our operations which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Teradyne’s Finances

We may not fully realize the benefits of our acquisitions or strategic alliances.

In June 2015, we acquired Universal Robots, in 2018, we acquired Energid and MiR and, in 2019, we acquired Lemsys and AutoGuide. We may not be able to realize the benefitbenefits of acquiring or successfully growing these businesses. We may continue to acquire additional businesses, form strategic alliances, or create joint ventures with third parties that we believe will complement or augment our existing businesses. We may not be able to realize the expected synergies and cost savings from the integration with our existing operations of other businesses or technologies that we may acquire. In addition, the integration process for our acquisitions may be complex, costly and time consuming and include unanticipated issues, expenses, and liabilities. We may have difficulty in developing, manufacturing, and marketing the products of a newly acquired company in a manner that enhances the performance of our combined businesses or product lines and allows us to realize value from expected synergies. Following an acquisition, we may not achieve the revenue or net income levels that justify the acquisition. Acquisitions may also result in

one-time
charges (such as acquisition-related expenses, write-offs or restructuring charges) or in the future, impairment of goodwill or acquired intangible assets, or adjustments to contingent consideration liabilities that adversely affect our operating results. Additionally, we may fund acquisitions of new businesses, strategic alliances, or joint ventures by utilizing our cash, incurring debt, issuing shares of our common stock, or by other means.

We may incur significanthigher tax rates than we expect and may have exposure to additional international tax liabilities if we fail to comply with environmental regulations.

and costs.

We are subject to both domesticpaying income taxes in the United States and international environmentalother countries where we operate. Our effective tax rate is dependent on where our earnings are generated and the tax regulations and statutory strictthe interpretation and judgment of administrative tax or revenue authorities in the United States and other countries. We have pursued a global tax strategy that could be adversely affected by the mix of earnings and tax rates in the countries where we operate, changes to tax laws, tax regulations or an adverse tax ruling by administrative authorities. We are also subject to tax audits in the countries where we operate. Any material change in our tax liability resulting from changes in tax laws, tax regulations, administrative rulings or audits from an administrative tax or revenue authority could negatively affect our financial results.

As a multinational corporation, we are subject to income taxes as well as non-income-based taxes, in both the United States and various foreign jurisdictions. In certain foreign jurisdictions, we qualify for tax incentives and tax holidays based on our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, various tests relating to the use, storage, discharge, site cleanupour employment levels, research and disposal of hazardous chemicals useddevelopment expenditures and other qualification requirements in a particular foreign jurisdiction. While we intend to operate in such a manner to maintain and maximize our manufacturing processes.tax incentives and tax holidays, no assurance can be given that we have so qualified or that we will so qualify for any particular year or jurisdiction. If we fail to comply with presentqualify or fail to remain qualified for certain foreign tax incentives and future regulations, or are required to perform site remediation,tax holidays, we could be subject to future liabilities or cost, including penalties or the suspension of production. Present and future regulations may also:

restrict our ability to expand facilities;
restrict our ability to ship certain products;
require us to modify our operations logistics;
require us to acquire costly equipment; or
require us to incur other significant costs and expenses.
Pursuant to present regulations and agreements, we are conducting groundwater and subsurface assessment and monitoring and are implementing remediation and corrective action plans for facilities located in
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Massachusetts and New Hampshire which are no longer conducting manufacturing operations. As of December 31, 2019, we have not incurred material costs as a result of the monitoring and remediation steps taken at the Massachusetts and New Hampshire sites.
On January 27, 2003, the European Union adopted the following directives: (i) the directive on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (the “RoHS Directive”); and (ii) the directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (the “WEEE Directive”). The WEEE Directive became effective August 13, 2005 and the RoHS Directive became effective on July 6, 2006. Both the RoHS Directive and the WEEE Directive alter the form and manner in which electronic equipment is imported, sold and handled in the European Union. Other jurisdictions, such as China, have followed the European Union’s lead in enacting legislation with respect to hazardous substances and waste removal. Ensuring compliance with the RoHS Directive, the WEEE Directive and similar legislation in other jurisdictions, and integrating compliance activities with our suppliers and customers could result in additional costs and disruption to operations and logistics and thus, could have a negative impact on our business, operations or financial condition.
We currently are, and in the future may be subject to litigationfurther taxation or regulatory proceedings that couldan increase in our effective tax rate which would adversely impact our financial results. In November 2020, we entered into an agreement with the Singapore Economic Development

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Board which extended our Singapore tax holiday under substantially similar terms to the agreement which expired on December 31, 2020. The new tax holiday is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2025.

The tax savings attributable to the Singapore tax holiday for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $16.0 million or $0.09 per diluted share, $33.3 million or $0.18 per diluted share, and $29.9 million or $0.16 per diluted share, respectively. These tax savings may not be achievable in subsequent years due to changes in Singapore’s tax laws, issuance of new global minimum tax laws, or the expiration of the tax holiday.

In addition, we may incur additional costs, including headcount expenses, in order to maintain or obtain a foreign tax incentive or tax holiday in a particular foreign jurisdiction.

We have an adverse effect on our business.

significant guarantees, indemnification, and customer confidentiality obligations.

From time to time, we make guarantees to customers regarding the delivery, price and performance of our products and guarantee certain indebtedness, performance obligations or lease commitments of our subsidiary and affiliate companies. We also have agreed to provide indemnification to our officers, directors, employees and agents, to the extent permitted by law, arising from certain events or occurrences, while the officer, director, employee or agent, is or was serving at our request in such capacity. Additionally, we have confidentiality obligations to certain customers and if breached would require the payment of significant penalties. If we become liable under any of these obligations, it could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results. For additional information see Note M: “Commitments and Contingencies—Guarantees and Indemnification Obligations” in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

We may discontinue or reduce our quarterly cash dividend or share repurchase program.

In January 2014, our Board of Directors initiated a quarterly cash dividend. Since 2014, the Board of Directors has increased our quarterly cash dividend from $0.06 per share to $0.11 per share. Holders of our common stock are only entitled to receive dividends when and if they are declared by our Board of Directors.

In January 2021, our Board of Directors approved a $2.0 billion share repurchase program. In 2022 and 2021, we repurchased $752.1 million, and $600.0 million, respectively of common stock. In January 2023, our Board of Directors cancelled the 2021 repurchase program and approved a new $2.0 billion share repurchase program. Under the share repurchase program, we may repurchase outstanding shares of our common stock from time to time in the open market and through privately negotiated transactions. Unless terminated earlier by resolution of our Board of Directors, the repurchase program will expire when we have repurchased all shares authorized for repurchase under the share repurchase program.

Future cash dividends and share repurchases are subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend, among other things, upon our earnings, capital requirements and financial condition. While we have declared a quarterly cash dividend on our common stock and authorized a share repurchase program, we are not required to do either and may reduce or eliminate our cash dividend or share repurchase program in the future. The reduction or elimination of our cash dividend or our share repurchase program could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

We have incurred indebtedness and may incur additional indebtedness.

On December 12, 2016, we completed a private offering of $460.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.25% convertible senior unsecured notes (the “Notes”) due December 15, 2023 and received net proceeds, after issuance costs, of approximately $450.8 million, $33.0 million of which was used to pay the net cost, after being partially offset by proceeds from the sale of the warrants, of the convertible note hedge transactions and $50.1 million of which was used to repurchase 2.0 million shares of our common stock. Holders of the Notes may require us to repurchase the Notes upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes involving us or the holders may elect to convert into shares of our common stock. As of February 22, 2023, one hundred and twenty four holders had converted $424.9 million worth of notes.

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On May 1, 2020, we entered into a three-year, senior secured revolving credit facility of up to $400.0 million. On December 10, 2021, the credit agreement was amended to extend the maturity date of the credit facility to December 10, 2026. On October 5, 2022, the credit agreement was amended to increase the amount of the credit facility to $750.0 million from $400.0 million. The amended credit agreement provides that, subject to customary conditions, we may seek to obtain from existing or new lenders the available incremental amount under the credit facility, not to exceed the greater of $200.0 million or 15% of consolidated EBIDTA. We could borrow funds under this credit facility at any time for general corporate purposes and working capital. As of February 22, 2023, we have not borrowed any funds under this credit facility.

The issuance of the Notes and any additional indebtedness, among other things, could:

make it difficult to make payments on this indebtedness and our other obligations;

make it difficult to obtain any necessary future financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements or other purposes;

require the dedication of a substantial portion of any cash flows from operations to service for indebtedness, thereby reducing the amount of cash flows available for other purposes, including capital expenditures; and

limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industries in which we compete.

Restrictive covenants in the agreement governing our senior secured revolving credit facility may restrict our ability to pursue business strategies.

The agreement governing our senior secured revolving credit facility limits our ability, among other things, to incur additional secured indebtedness; sell, transfer, license or dispose of assets; consolidate or merge; enter into transactions with our affiliates; and incur liens. In addition, our senior secured revolving credit facility contains financial and other restrictive covenants that limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long-term best interest, such as, subject to litigationpermitted exceptions, making capital expenditures in excess of certain thresholds, making investments, loans and other advances, and prepaying any additional indebtedness while our indebtedness under our senior secured revolving credit facility is outstanding. Our failure to comply with financial and other restrictive covenants could result in an event of default, which if not cured or waived, could result in the lenders requiring immediate payment of all outstanding borrowings or foreclosing on collateral pledged to them to secure the indebtedness.

Our convertible note hedge and warrant transactions could impact the value of our stock.

Concurrent with the offering of the Notes, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions (the “Note Hedge Transactions”) with the initial purchasers or their affiliates (the “Option Counterparties”). The Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock that underlie the Notes, with a strike price equal to the conversion price of the Notes of $31.46. The Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, approximately 1.6 million shares of our common stock. On November 4, 2021, we made an irrevocable election under the indenture to require the principal portion of the remaining Notes to be settled in cash.

Separately and concurrent with the pricing of the Notes, we entered into warrant transactions with the Option Counterparties (the “Warrant Transactions”) in which we sold net-share-settled (or, at our election subject to certain conditions, cash-settled) warrants to the Option Counterparties. The Warrant Transactions cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, approximately 14.6 million shares of our common stock. The strike price of the warrants is $39.48 per share. The Warrant Transactions could have a dilutive effect to our common stock to the extent that the market price per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the Warrant Transactions, exceeds the applicable strike price of the warrants.

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The Note Hedge Transactions are expected to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the Notes. However, the Warrant Transactions could separately have a dilutive effect to the extent that the market value per share of our common stock exceeds the applicable strike price of the warrants. The net cost of the Note Hedge Transactions, after being partially offset by the proceeds from the sale of the warrants, was approximately $33.0 million.

In connection with establishing their initial hedge of these convertible note hedge and warrant transactions, the Option Counterparties have entered into various derivative transactions with respect to our common stock and/or purchase shares of our common stock or other administrative, regulatorysecurities, including the Notes, concurrent with, or governmental proceedings,shortly after, the pricing of the Notes. In addition, the Option Counterparties may modify their hedge positions by entering into or unwinding various derivative transactions with respect to our common stock or by selling our common stock or other securities, including tax auditsthe Notes, in secondary market transactions (and may do so during any observation period related to the conversion of the Notes). These activities could adversely impact the value of our common stock and resulting claims thatthe Notes.

We may not be able to pay our debt and other obligations.

If our cash flows are inadequate to meet our obligations, we could require significant management timeface substantial liquidity problems. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows or otherwise obtain funds necessary to make required payments on the Notes or certain of our other obligations, we would be in default under the terms thereof, which would permit the holders of those obligations to accelerate their maturity and resources andalso could cause us to incur expenses and, in the event of an adverse decision, pay damages or incur costs in an amount thatdefaults under future indebtedness we may incur. Any such default could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial position and operating results. In addition, we cannot be certain that we would be able to repay amounts due on the Notes if those obligations were to be accelerated following the occurrence of any other event of default as defined in the instruments creating those obligations, or if the holders of the Notes require us to repurchase the Notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change involving us. Moreover, we cannot be certain that we will have sufficient funds or will be able to arrange for financing to pay the principal amount due on the Notes at maturity.

Foreign currency exchange rates and fluctuations in those rates may affect the Company’s ability to realize projected growth rates in its sales and earnings.

Our financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars. While the majority of our revenues are in U.S. dollars, approximately 70 percent of our Robotics revenue is denominated in foreign currencies. Correspondingly, our results of operations and our ability to realize projected growth rates in sales and earnings in Robotics could be adversely affected if the U.S. dollar strengthens significantly against foreign currencies.

Risks Related to Operations

Our operating results are likely to fluctuate significantly.

Our operating results are affected by a wide variety of factors that could materially adversely affect revenues or profitability. The following factors could impact future operations:

a worldwide economic slowdown or disruption in the global financial or industrial markets;

cost increases from inflation on materials, employee wages, third party labor, and contract manufacturing;

competitive pressures on selling prices;

our ability to introduce, and the market acceptance of, new products;

changes in product revenues mix resulting from changes in customer demand;

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the level of orders received which can be shipped in a quarter because of the tendency of customers to wait until late in a quarter to commit to purchase due to capital expenditure approvals and constraints occurring at the end of a quarter, or the hope of obtaining more favorable pricing from a competitor seeking the business;

engineering and development investments relating to new product introductions, and the expansion of manufacturing, outsourcing and engineering operations in Asia;

provisions for excess and obsolete inventory relating to the lack of demand for and the discontinuance of products;

impairment charges for certain long-lived and intangible assets, and goodwill;

an increase in the leasing of our products to customers;

disruption caused by health pandemics, such as the coronavirus;

the success of sales channel expansion in Robotics;

our ability to expand our global distribution channel for our collaborative and mobile robots;

parallel or multi-site testing which could lead to a decrease in the ultimate size of the market for our semiconductor and electronic test products; and

the ability of our suppliers and subcontractors to meet product quality or delivery requirements needed to satisfy customer orders for our products, especially if consolidated revenues increase.

As a result of the foregoing and other factors, we have experienced and may continue to experience material fluctuations in future operating results on a quarterly or annual basis which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results or stock price.

If our suppliers do not meet product or delivery requirements, we could have reduced revenues and earnings.

If any of our suppliers were to cancel contracts or commitments or fail to meet the quality or delivery requirements needed to satisfy customer orders for our products, we could lose time-sensitive customer orders, have significantly decreased revenues and earnings and be subject to contractual penalties, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, we rely on contract manufacturers for certain of our products, and our ability to meet customer orders for those products depends upon the timeliness and quality of the work performed by these subcontractors, over whom we do not exercise any control.

To a certain extent, we are dependent upon the ability of our suppliers and contract manufacturers to help meet increased product or delivery requirements. It may be difficult for certain suppliers to meet delivery requirements in a period of rapid growth, therefore impacting our ability to meet our customers’ demands.

Our suppliers are subject to trade regulations, including tariffs and export restrictions imposed by the United States Government and by the governments of other countries. These regulations could impact our suppliers’ ability to provide us with components for our products or could increase the price of those components.

We rely on the financial strength of our suppliers. There can be no assurance that the loss of suppliers either as a result of financial viability, bankruptcy or otherwise will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Our operations may be adversely impacted if our outsourced contract manufacturers or service providers fail to perform.

We depend on Flex Ltd. (“Flex”) to manufacture and test our FLEX and J750 family of products from its facilities in China and, starting in 2022, also Malaysia; Plexus Corp. (“Plexus”) to manufacture and test our

20


Magnum products from its facilities in Malaysia and, starting in 2023, also Thailand and ETS family of products from its facility in Malaysia; SAM Meerkat to manufacture and test our storage test family of products from its facilities in Malaysia and Thailand and on other contract manufacturers to manufacture other products. If for any reason these contract manufacturers cannot provide us with these products in a timely fashion, or at all, we may not be able to sell these products to our customers until we enter a similar arrangement with an alternative contract manufacturer. The Flex facility located in China may be impacted by the ongoing trade dispute between the United States and China, by regulations implemented by the United States or China, or disruption caused by health pandemics, such as the coronavirus.

If we experience a problem with our supply of products from Flex, Plexus, SAM Meerkat, or our other contract manufacturers, it may take us significant time to either manufacture the product or find an alternate contract manufacturer, which could result in substantial expense and disruption to our business.

We have also outsourced certain general and administrative functions to reputable service providers, many of which are in foreign countries, sometimes impacting communication with them because of language and time differences. Their presence in foreign countries also increases the risk they could be exposed to political risk. Additionally, there may be difficulties encountered in coordinating the outsourced operations with existing functions and operations. If we fail in successfully coordinating and managing the outsourced service providers, it may cause an adverse effect on our operations which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Our business may suffer if we are unable to attract and retain key employees.

Competition for employees with skills we require is intense in the high technology industry. We expect intense competition for employees to continue in 2023. Our success will depend on our ability to attract and retain key technical employees. The loss of one or more key or other employees, a decrease in our ability to attract additional qualified employees, or the delay in hiring key personnel could each have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Our operations, and the operations of our customers and suppliers, are subject to risks of natural catastrophic events, severe weather, widespread health epidemics, acts of war, terrorist attacks and the threat of domestic and international terrorist attacks, any one of which could result in cancellation of orders, delays in deliveries or other business activities, or loss of customers and could negatively affect our business and results of operations.

Our business is international in nature, with our sales, service and administrative personnel and our customers and suppliers located in numerous countries throughout the world. Our operations, and those of our customers and suppliers, are subject to disruption for a variety of reasons, including work stoppages, acts of war, terrorism, health epidemics, fires, earthquakes, hurricanes, typhoons, volcanic eruptions, energy shortages, telecommunication failures, tsunamis, flooding or other natural disasters. Such disruption could materially increase our costs and expenses as well as cause delays in, among other things, shipments of products to our customers, our ability to perform services requested by our customers, or the installation and acceptance of our products at customer sites. Any of these conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Global climate change can result in natural disasters occurring more frequently, with greater intensity and with less predictability. For example, in December 2021, our operations in Cebu, Philippines experienced a devastating typhoon. Our employees in Cebu succeeded in restoring most of our operations within days despite the severity of the damage in the region. We have offered support services to many of our employees impacted by the typhoon and have incurred additional costs to maintain our operations following the disaster. The long-term effects of climate change on the global economy and the semiconductor industry in particular are unclear but could be severe.

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The global supply shortage of electrical components and inflationary cost increases has impacted our ability to meet customer demand and could adversely affect our business and financial results.

The global supply shortage of electrical components, including semiconductor chips, continued to impact our supply chain in 2022. As a result, we have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, increases in our lead times and costs for certain components for certain products and delays in the delivery of some orders placed by our customers. In addition, in 2022, inflationary pressures contributed to increased costs for product components and wage inflation, which had minimal impact on our cost of products, gross margin and profit for the year. Our supply chain team, and our suppliers, continue to manage numerous supply, production and logistics obstacles. In an effort to mitigate these risks, in some cases, we have incurred higher costs due to investment in supply chain resiliency and to secure available inventory or have extended or placed non-cancellable purchase commitments with semiconductor suppliers, which introduces inventory risk if our forecasts and assumptions prove inaccurate. We have also sourced components from additional suppliers and multi-sourced and pre-ordered components and finished goods inventory in some cases in an effort to reduce the impact of the adverse supply chain conditions we have experienced. However, if we are unable to secure manufacturing capacities from our current or new suppliers and contract manufacturers, on acceptable terms or at all, or successfully manage our purchase commitments and inventory for components, our ability to deliver our products to our customers in the desired quantities, at competitive prices or in a timely manner may be negatively impacted for 2023. Also, our suppliers and contract manufacturers have increased their prices, which increased our cost of products. We have been and may continue to be, affected by wage inflation. We also have been, and may continue to attempt to, offset the effect of these inflationary pressures by increasing the prices of our products. However, we may not be fully able to pass additional costs on to our customers, which could have a negative impact on our results of operations and financial condition. In 2022, we were unable to supply approximately $20 million of revenue in our test businesses for which we had customer demand.

Risks Related to Intellectual Property (“IP”) and Cybersecurity

Third parties may claim we are infringing their intellectual property and we could suffer significant litigation costs, licensing expenses or be prevented from selling our products.

We have been sued for patent infringement in the past and receive notifications from time to time that we may be in violation of patents held by others. An assertion of patent infringement against us, if successful, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to sell our products or it could force us to seek a license to the intellectual property rights of others or alter such products so that they no longer infringe the intellectual property rights of others. A license could be very expensive to obtain or may not be available at all. Similarly, changing our products or processes to avoid infringing the rights of others may be costly or impractical. Additionally, patent litigation could require a significant use of management resources and involve a lengthy and expensive defense, even if we eventually prevail. If we do not prevail, we might be forced to pay significant damages, obtain licenses, modify our products, or stop making our products; each of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, operating results or cash flows.

If we are unable to protect our intellectual property (“IP”),IP, we may lose a valuable asset or may incur costly litigation to protect our rights.

We protect the technology that is incorporated in our products in several ways, including through patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret protection and by contractual agreement. However, even with these protections, our IP may still be challenged, invalidated or subject to other infringement actions. While we believe that our IP has value in the aggregate, no single element of our IP is in itself essential. If a significant portion of our IP is invalidated or ineffective, our business could be materially adversely affected.

We may incur higher tax rates than we expect and may have exposure to additional international tax liabilities and costs.
We are subject to paying income taxes in the United States and various other countries where we operate. Our effective tax rate is dependent on where our earnings are generated and the tax regulations and the
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interpretation and judgment of administrative tax or revenue authorities in the United States and other countries. We have pursued a global tax strategy which could be adversely affected by the mix of earnings and tax rates in the countries where we operate, changes to tax laws, tax regulations or an adverse tax ruling by administrative authorities. We are also subject to tax audits in the countries where we operate. Any material change in our tax liability resulting from changes in tax laws, tax regulations, administrative ruling or from an audit from an administrative tax or revenue authority could negatively affect our financial results.
As a multinational corporation, we are subject to income taxes as well as
non-income
based taxes, in both the United States and various foreign jurisdictions. In certain foreign jurisdictions, we qualify for tax incentives and tax holidays based on our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, various tests relating to our employment levels, research and development expenditures and other qualification requirements in a particular foreign jurisdiction. While we intend to operate in such a manner to maintain and maximize our tax incentives, no assurance can be given that we have so qualified or that we will so qualify for any particular year or jurisdiction. If we fail to qualify and to remain qualified for certain foreign tax incentives and tax holidays, we may be subject to further taxation or an increase in our effective tax rate which would adversely impact our financial results. In December 2015, we entered into an agreement with the Singapore Economic Development Board which extended our Singapore tax holiday under substantially similar terms to the agreement which expired on December 31, 2015. The new tax holiday is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2020. The tax savings attributable to the Singapore tax holiday for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were $15.1 million or $0.08 per diluted share, $11.9 million or $0.06 per diluted share and $24.8 million or $0.12 per diluted share, respectively. These tax savings may not be achievable in subsequent years due to changes in Singapore’s tax laws or the expiration of the tax holiday.
In addition, we may incur additional costs, including headcount expenses, in order to maintain or obtain a foreign tax incentive in a particular foreign jurisdiction.
We have significant guarantees, indemnification and customer confidentiality obligations.
From time to time, we make guarantees to customers regarding the delivery, price and performance of our products and guarantee certain indebtedness, performance obligations or lease commitments of our subsidiary and affiliate companies. We also have agreed to provide indemnification to our officers, directors, employees and agents, to the extent permitted by law, arising from certain events or occurrences while the officer, director, employee or agent, is or was serving at our request in such capacity. Additionally, we have confidentiality obligations to certain customers and if breached would require the payment of significant penalties. If we become liable under any of these obligations, it could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results. For additional information see Note M: “Commitments and Contingencies—Guarantees and Indemnification Obligations” in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
We may discontinue or reduce our quarterly cash dividend or share repurchase program.
In January 2014, our Board of Directors initiated a quarterly cash dividend of $0.06 per share. Our Board of Directors increased our quarterly cash dividend to $0.07 per share in January 2017, to $0.09 per share in January 2018 and to $0.10 per share in January 2020. In January 2018, our Board of Directors approved a $1.5 billion share repurchase authorization. In 2019 and 2018, we repurchased $500 million and $823 million of common stock, respectively. In January 2020, our Board of Directors approved a new $1.0 billion share repurchase authorization and cancelled the 2018 authorization. We intend to repurchase a minimum of $250 million in 2020. Holders of our common stock are only entitled to receive dividends when and if they are declared by our Board of Directors. Future cash dividends and share repurchases are subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend, among other things, upon our earnings, capital requirements and financial condition. While we have declared a quarterly cash dividend on our common stock and authorized a share repurchase program, we are not required to do either and may reduce or eliminate our cash dividend or share repurchase program in the
18

future. The reduction or elimination of our cash dividend or our share repurchase program could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
We have incurred indebtedness and may incur additional indebtedness.
On December 12, 2016, we completed a private offering of $460.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.25% convertible senior unsecured notes (the “Notes”) due December 15, 2023 and received net proceeds, after issuance costs, of approximately $450.8 million, $33.0 million of which was used to pay the net cost, after being partially offset by proceeds from the sale of the warrants, of the convertible note hedge transactions and $50.1 million of which was used to repurchase 2 million shares of our common stock. Holders of the Notes may require us to repurchase the Notes upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes involving us or the holders may elect to convert into shares of our common stock.
The issuance of the Notes and any additional indebtedness, among other things, could:
make it difficult to make payments on this indebtedness and our other obligations;
make it difficult to obtain any necessary future financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements or other purposes;
require the dedication of a substantial portion of any cash flow from operations to service for indebtedness, thereby reducing the amount of cash flow available for other purposes, including capital expenditures; and
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industries in which we compete.
On April 27, 2015, we entered into a five-year, senior secured revolving credit facility of up to $350.0 million, which was terminated on June 27, 2019.
Our convertible note hedge and warrant transactions could impact the value of our stock.
Concurrent with the offering of the Notes, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions (the “Note Hedge Transactions”) with the initial purchasers or their affiliates (the “Option Counterparties”). The Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock that underlie the Notes, with a strike price equal to the conversion price of the Notes of $31.62. The Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, approximately 14.5 million shares of our common stock.
Separately and concurrent with the pricing of the Notes, we entered into warrant transactions with the Option Counterparties (the “Warrant Transactions”) in which we sold
net-share-settled
(or, at our election subject to certain conditions, cash-settled) warrants to the Option Counterparties. The Warrant Transactions cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, approximately 14.5 million shares of our common stock. The strike price of the warrants is $39.68 per share. The Warrant Transactions could have a dilutive effect to our common stock to the extent that the market price per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the Warrant Transactions, exceeds the applicable strike price of the warrants.
The Note Hedge Transactions are expected to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the Notes. However, the Warrant Transactions could separately have a dilutive effect to the extent that the market value per share of our common stock exceeds the applicable strike price of the warrants. The net cost of the Note Hedge Transactions, after being partially offset by the proceeds from the sale of the warrants, was approximately $33.0 million.
In connection with establishing their initial hedge of these convertible note hedge and warrant transactions, the Option Counterparties have entered into various derivative transactions with respect to our common stock
19

and/or purchase shares of our common stock or other securities, including the Notes, concurrent with, or shortly after, the pricing of the Notes. In addition, the Option Counterparties may modify their hedge positions by entering into or unwinding various derivative transactions with respect to our common stock or by selling our common stock or other securities, including the Notes, in secondary market transactions (and may do so during any observation period related to the conversion of the Notes). These activities could adversely impact the value of our common stock and the Notes.
We may not be able to pay our debt and other obligations.
If our cash flow is inadequate to meet our obligations, we could face substantial liquidity problems. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow or otherwise obtain funds necessary to make required payments on the Notes or certain of our other obligations, we would be in default under the terms thereof, which would permit the holders of those obligations to accelerate their maturity and also could cause defaults under future indebtedness we may incur. Any such default could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial position and operating results. In addition, we cannot be certain that we would be able to repay amounts due on the Notes if those obligations were to be accelerated following the occurrence of any other event of default as defined in the instruments creating those obligations, or if the holders of the Notes require us to repurchase the Notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change involving us. Moreover, we cannot be certain that we will have sufficient funds or will be able to arrange for financing to pay the principal amount due on the Notes at maturity.
Our business may suffer if we are unable to attract and retain key employees.
Competition for employees with skills we require is intense in the high technology industry. Our success will depend on our ability to attract and retain key technical employees. The loss of one or more key or other employees, a decrease in our ability to attract additional qualified employees, or the delay in hiring key personnel could each have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our operations, and the operations of our customers and suppliers, are subject to risks of natural catastrophic events, widespread health epidemics, acts of war, terrorist attacks and the threat of domestic and international terrorist attacks, any one of which could result in cancellation of orders, delays in deliveries or other business activities, or loss of customers and could negatively affect our business and results of operations.
Our business is international in nature, with our sales, service and administrative personnel and our customers and suppliers located in numerous countries throughout the world. Our operations, and those of our customers and suppliers, are subject to disruption for a variety of reasons, including work stoppages, acts of war, terrorism, health epidemics, fires, earthquakes, hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, energy shortages, telecommunication failures, tsunamis, flooding or other natural disasters. Such disruption could materially increase our costs and expenses as well as cause delays in, among other things, shipments of products to our customers, our ability to perform services requested by our customers, or the installation and acceptance of our products at customer sites. Any of these conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Commencing in early February 2020, the coronavirus outbreak has resulted in disruption to our business operations in China, including increased travel restrictions and the extended closing of certain of our offices. At this time, the disruption has not had a material adverse impact on our business. If the spread of the virus continues and disruption in China or elsewhere worsens, our business may be materially impacted.

A breach of our operational or security systems could negatively affect our business and results of operations.

We rely on various information technology networks and systems to process, transmit and store electronic information, including proprietary and confidential data, and to carry out and support a variety of business

22


20

activities, including manufacturing, research and development, supply chain management, sales and accounting. We have experienced several attempted cyber-attacks of our network. None of the attempted attacks hashave caused a disruption to our operations or had a material adverse effect on our business or financial results. As a result of the attempts, we have taken further preventive security measures to protect our systems. Despite these preventative security measures we have implemented, we may continue to be vulnerable to attempts by third parties to gain unauthorized access to our networks or sabotage our systems. These attempts, which might be related to criminal hackers, industrial espionage or state-sponsored intrusions, include trying to covertly introduce malware to our computers, networks and systems and impersonating authorized users. In addition, third party suppliers and service providers that we rely on to manage our networks and systems and process and store our proprietary and confidential data, including the data of our customers and suppliers, may also be subject to similar attacks. Employees and contractors may also attempt to gain unauthorized access to our systems and steal proprietary and confidential data. Such attempts could result in the misappropriation, theft, misuse, disclosure or loss or destruction of the intellectual property, or the proprietary, confidential or personal information, of Teradyne or our employees, customers, suppliers or other third parties, as well as damage to or disruptions in our information technology networks and systems. These threats are constantly evolving, thereby increasing the difficulty of defending against them or implementing adequate preventative measures. While we seek to detect and investigate all security incidents and to prevent their recurrence, attempts to gain unauthorized access to our information technology networks and systems may be successful, and in some cases, we might be unaware of an incident or its magnitude and effects. A failure in or a breach of our operational or security systems or infrastructure, or those of our suppliers and other service providers, including as a result of cyber-attacks, could have a material adverse effect on our business or financial results, disrupt our business, result in the disclosure or misuse of proprietary or confidential information, damage our reputation, cause losses and increase our costs. We expect to continue to devote significant resources to the security of our information technology networks and systems.

A breach of the security of our products could negatively affect our business and results of operations.

We may be subject to security breaches of certain of our products caused by viruses, illegal break-ins or hacking, sabotage, or acts of vandalism by third parties or our employees or contractors. A breach of our product security systems could have a material adverse effect on our business or financial results, disrupt our business, result in the disclosure or misuse of proprietary or confidential information, damage our reputation, cause losses, and increase our costs. We expect to continue to devote significant resources to the security of our products.

Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted our business and could materially adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, or cash flows.

During the global COVID-19 pandemic, government authorities implemented numerous measures in an effort to contain the spread of the virus, such as travel bans and restrictions, limitations on gatherings or social distancing requirements, quarantines, shelter-in-place orders, vaccination and testing mandates, and business limitations and shutdowns. These measures impacted our day-to-day operations and disrupted our business, workforce and operations, as well as the operations of our customers, contract manufacturers and suppliers. The COVID-19 pandemic also significantly increased economic and demand uncertainty in our markets. The COVID-19 pandemic, and the numerous measures implemented in response, adversely impacted our results of operations, including increasing costs company-wide, but we cannot accurately estimate the full extent of the impact to our 2022, 2021 and 2020 financial results or to our future financial results.

We will continue to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic. However, we are unable to accurately predict the future of COVID-19, which will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with accuracy, including, but not limited to, any new surges or new strains or variants of the virus in areas where we do business, the availability and use of vaccinations and any further actions we may take as required by government authorities or that we determine are in the best interest of our employees, customers, contract manufacturers and suppliers.

23


Risks Related to Legal and Regulatory Compliance

The implementation of tariffs on our products may have a material impact on our business.

Our business operations and supply chain are global and may be disrupted by the implementation of tariffs.

In 2018, the United States Trade Representative imposed a 25% tariff on many lists of products, including certain Teradyne products that are made in China and imported into the United States. We have implemented operational changes that mitigate the impact of the 25% tariff on the import of our impacted products into the United States. As a result, the existing tariff has not had a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. The implementation of additional tariffs by the United States could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

In addition to the actions taken by the United States, China has implemented retaliatory tariffs on products made in the United States and imported into China, including certain Teradyne products. We have implemented, if appropriate, operational changes that would mitigate the impact of the retaliatory tariffs. However, notwithstanding our efforts, the retaliatory tariffs or other trade restrictions implemented by China could disrupt our business operations, sales and supply chain and, therefore, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Trade regulations and restrictions impact our ability to manufacture certain products and to sell products to and support certain customers, which may materially adversely affect our sales and results of operations.

We are subject to U.S. laws and regulations that limit and restrict the export of some of our products and services and may restrict our transactions with certain customers, business partners and other persons. In certain circumstances, export control and economic sanctions regulations prohibit the export of certain products, services and technologies, and in other circumstances are required to obtain an export license before exporting the controlled item. We must also comply with export restrictions and laws imposed by other countries affecting trade and investments. We maintain an export compliance program but there are risks that the compliance controls could be circumvented, exposing us to legal liabilities. Compliance with these laws has not significantly limited our sales but could significantly limit them in the future. Changes in, and responses to, U.S. trade policy could reduce the competitiveness of our products and cause our sales to drop, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

The U.S. government from time to time has issued export restrictions that prohibit U.S. companies from exporting U.S. manufactured products, foreign manufactured products with more than 25% controlled U.S. content, as well as U.S. origin technology. For example, the U.S. Department of Commerce has restricted the access of U.S. origin technologies to certain Chinese semiconductor companies including YMTC and CXMT by adding those companies to the Entity List under U.S. Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”). The addition of certain of these companies to the entity list has had and will continue to have an adverse impact on our business with these customers. We will take appropriate actions, including filing for licenses with the U.S. Department of Commerce to attempt to minimize the impact of the restrictions on these companies.

On May 16, 2019, Huawei and 68 of its affiliates, including HiSilicon, were added to the U.S. Department of Commerce Entity List under the EAR. This action by the U.S. Department of Commerce imposed new export licensing requirements on exports, re-exports, and in-country transfers of all U.S. regulated products, software and technology to the designated Huawei entities. On August 17, 2020, the U.S. Department of Commerce published final regulations expanding the scope of the U.S. EAR to include additional products that would become subject to export restrictions relating to Huawei entities including HiSilicon. These new regulations restrict the sale to Huawei and the designated Huawei entities of certain non-U.S. made items, such as semiconductor devices, manufactured for or sold to Huawei entities including HiSilicon under specific, detailed conditions set forth in the new regulations. These new regulations have impacted our sales to Huawei, HiSilicon and their suppliers. We are taking appropriate actions, including filing license applications and obtaining licenses

24


from the U.S. Department of Commerce. However, we do not expect these actions will mitigate the impact of the regulations on our sales to Huawei, HiSilicon and other suppliers. As a result, the regulations will continue to have an adverse impact on our business and financial results. It is uncertain the extent these new regulations and any additional regulations that may be implemented by the U.S. Department of Commerce or other government agency may have on our business with other customers or potential customers. Also, our controls related to Entity List compliance could be circumvented, exposing us to legal liabilities.

On April 28, 2020, the U.S. Department of Commerce published new export control regulations for certain U.S. products and technology sold to military end users or for military end-use in China, Russia and Venezuela. The definition of military end user is broad. The regulations went into effect on June 29, 2020. In December 2020, the U.S. Department of Commerce issued a list of companies in China and other countries that it considered to be military end users. Compliance with the new export controls has impacted our ability to sell products to certain customers in China. In addition, while we maintain an export compliance program, our compliance controls could be circumvented, exposing us to legal liabilities. We will continue to assess the impact of the new export controls on our business and operations and take appropriate actions, including filing for licenses with the U.S. Department of Commerce, to minimize any disruption. However, we cannot be certain that the actions we take will mitigate all the risks associated with the export controls that may impact our business.

On October 7, 2022, the U.S. Department of Commerce published new regulations restricting the export to China of advanced semiconductors, supercomputer technology, equipment for the manufacturing of advanced semiconductors and components and technology for the manufacturing in China of certain semiconductor manufacturing equipment. The new restrictions are lengthy and complex. We continue to assess the impact of these regulations on our business. We have determined that restrictions on the sale of semiconductor testers in China to test certain advanced semiconductors will impact our sales to certain companies in China. Several multinational companies manufacturing these advanced semiconductors in China have obtained one-year licenses allowing suppliers such as Teradyne to continue to provide testers to the facilities operated by these companies. We expect that other companies manufacturing advanced semiconductors in China will not receive licenses, thereby restricting our ability to provide testers to the facilities operated by these companies that do not receive a license. We also are filing license requests to sell to and support certain customers in China for certain end uses that, if granted, may reduce the impact of these restrictions on our business. At this time, we do not know the impact these end user and end use restrictions will have on our business in China or on future revenues. In addition to the specific restrictions impacting our business, the regulations may have an adverse impact on certain actual or potential customers and on the global semiconductor industry. To the extent the regulations impact actual and potential customers or disrupt the global semiconductor industry, our business and revenues will be adversely impacted. We also have determined that the restrictions on the export of certain US origin components and technology for use in the development and production in China of certain semiconductor manufacturing equipment impact our manufacturing and development operations in China. We have received a temporary authorization from the U.S. Department of Commerce allowing us to continue our manufacturing and development operations in China until the U.S. Department of Commerce issues a license to replace this temporary authorization. We cannot assess the likelihood or timing of receiving this license. In addition to requesting a license, we are implementing procedures for minimizing the impact of these new regulations on our operations in China, but there is no assurance that these procedures will succeed.

In response to the regulations issued by the U.S. Department of Commerce, the Chinese government has passed new laws, including blocking legislation, which may impact our business activities in China. The Company is assessing the potential impact of these new Chinese laws and monitoring relevant laws and regulations issued by the Chinese government. The impact of these new Chinese laws on our business activities in China remains uncertain at this time.

We may be subject to product recalls and warranty and product liability claims.

We invest significant resources in the design, manufacturing and testing of our products. However, from time to time, we discover design or manufacturing defects in our products after they have been shipped and, as a

25


result, we have incurred development and remediation costs and settled warranty and product liability claims. In addition, when our products contain defects or have reliability, quality or safety issues, we have conducted a product recall which resulted in significant repair or replacement costs and substantial delays in product shipments and may damage our reputation which could make it more difficult to sell our products. We could continue to have warranty and product liability claims or product recalls in the future. Any of these results could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

We may incur significant costs of complying with present and future environmental regulations and may incur significant liabilities if we fail to comply with such environmental regulations.

We are subject to both domestic and international environmental regulations and statutory strict liability relating to the use, storage, discharge, site cleanup and disposal of hazardous chemicals used in our manufacturing processes. In addition, future regulations in response to global climate change may affect us, our suppliers, and our customers. Such regulations could cause us to incur additional direct costs for compliance, as well as increased indirect costs resulting from our customers, suppliers, or both incurring additional compliance costs that are passed on to us. Future climate change regulations could result in decreased demand for our products. If we fail to comply with present and future regulations, or are required to perform site remediation, we could be subject to future liabilities or cost, including penalties or the suspension of production. Present and future regulations may also:

restrict our ability to expand facilities;

restrict our ability to ship certain products;

require us to modify our operations logistics;

require us to acquire costly equipment; or

require us to incur other significant costs and expenses.

Pursuant to present regulations and agreements, we are conducting groundwater and subsurface assessment and monitoring and are implementing remediation and corrective action plans for facilities located in Massachusetts and New Hampshire which are no longer conducting manufacturing operations. As of December 31, 2022, we have not incurred material costs as a result of the monitoring and remediation steps taken at the Massachusetts and New Hampshire sites.

The directive on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (the “RoHS Directive”) and the directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (the “WEEE Directive”) altered the form and manner in which electronic equipment is imported, sold and handled in the European Union. Other jurisdictions, such as China, have followed the European Union’s lead in enacting legislation with respect to hazardous substances and waste removal. Ensuring compliance with the RoHS Directive, the WEEE Directive and similar legislation in other jurisdictions, and integrating compliance activities with our suppliers and customers could result in additional costs and disruption to operations and logistics and thus, could have a negative impact on our business, operations or financial condition.

We currently are, and in the future may be, subject to litigation or regulatory proceedings that could have an adverse effect on our business.

From time to time, we may be subject to litigation or other administrative, regulatory or governmental proceedings, including tax audits and resulting claims that could require significant management time and resources and cause us to incur expenses and, in the event of an adverse decision, pay damages or incur costs in an amount that could have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.

We may face risks associated with shareholder activism.

Publicly traded companies are

We may become subject to campaigns by shareholders advocating corporate actions such as financial restructuring, increased borrowing, special dividends, stock repurchases or divestitures. We may become subject in the future to such shareholder activity and demands. Such activities could

26


interfere with our ability to execute our business plans, be costly and time-consuming, disrupt our operations, divert the attention of management, or result in our initiating borrowing or increasing our share repurchase plan or dividend, any of which could have an adverse effect on our business or stock price.

Provisions of our charter and

by-laws
and Massachusetts law may make a takeover of Teradyne more difficult.

There are provisions in our basic corporate documents and under Massachusetts law that could discourage, delay or prevent a change in control, even if a change in control may be regarded as beneficial to some or all of our stockholders.

Item 1B:

Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2:

Properties

We conduct manufacturing, engineering, sales and marketing, service, corporate administration and other operations in various leased and owned facilities throughout the world. We own approximately 720,000 square feet of office space and lease over 1,500,000 square feet of office space. Our corporate headquarters is located in North Reading, Massachusetts, in buildings that we own consisting of approximately 422,000 square feet. We conduct manufacturing, engineering, sales and marketing, service, corporate administration and other operations in many locations worldwide. We own approximately 600,000 square feet and lease over 1,400,000 square feet of office space for these operations. We believe our existing facilities and planned expansions noted below are adequate to meet our current and reasonably foreseeable requirements. We regularly evaluate our expected facility needs and periodically makesmake adjustments based on these evaluations. During the next two years,In 2019, we planpurchased land in Denmark to purchase property and buildconstruct a new buildings in Odense, Denmarkbuilding for our robotics operations and in San Jose, Costa Rica for our service and manufacturingRobotics operations.

21

Table The new building construction is expected to be completed by the first quarter of Contents
2024.

Item 3:

Legal Proceedings

We are subject to legal proceedings, claims and investigations that arise in the ordinary course of business such as, but not limited to, patent, employment, commercial and environmental matters. We believe that we have meritorious defenses against all pending claims and intend to vigorously contest them. While it is not possible to predict or determine the outcomes of any pending claims or to provide possible ranges of losses that may arise, we believe the potential losses associated with all of these actions are unlikely to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Item 4:

Mine Safety Disclosure

Not Applicable.

27


22

Table of Contents

PART II

Item 5:

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the trading symbol “TER”.

“TER.” As of February 17, 2023, there were approximately 1,214 holders of record of shares of our common stock.

See “Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” for information on the frequency and amounts of our quarterly cash dividends, equity compensation plans and performance graph.

The following table includes information with respect to repurchases we made of our common stock during the three months ended December 31, 20192022 (in thousands except per share price):

                 
Period
 
(a) Total
Number of
Shares
(or Units)
Purchased
  
(b) Average
Price Paid per
Share (or Unit)
  
(c) Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
  
(d) Maximum Number
(or Approximate Dollar
Value) of Shares (or
Units) that may Yet Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs
 
September 30, 2019 – October 27, 2019
  
757
  $
59.49
   
756
  $
262,786
 
October 28, 2019 – November 24, 2019
  
690
  $
63.81
   
689
  $
218,846
 
November 25, 2019 – December 31, 2019
  
658
  $
64.38
   
657
  $
176,522
 
                 
  
2,105
(1) $
62.43
(1)  
2,102
    
                 

Period

 (a) Total
Number of
Shares
(or Units)
Purchased
  (b) Average
Price Paid per
Share (or Unit)
  (c) Total
Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans
or Programs
  (d) Maximum
Number

(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares (or Units)
that may Yet Be
Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs
 

October 3, 2022 – October 30, 2022

  30  $69.41   30  $647,918,955 

October 31, 2022 – November 27, 2022

  1   82.03   —     647,918,955 

November 28, 2022 – December 31, 2022

  1   92.64   —     647,918,955 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  
  32(1)  $70.14(1)   30  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

(1)

Includes approximately threetwo thousand shares at an average price of $60.44$83.49 withheld from employees for the payment of taxes.

(2)

In January 2021, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $2.0 billion of common stock. In January 2023, the Board of Directors cancelled the 2021 repurchase program and approved a new $2.0 billion of common stock. Unless terminated by resolution of our Board of Directors, the repurchase program will expire when we have repurchased all shares authorized for repurchase under the share repurchase program.

We satisfy U.S. federal and state minimum withholding tax obligations due upon the vesting and the conversion of restricted stock units into shares of our common stock, by automatically withholding from the shares being issued, a number of shares with an aggregate fair market value on the date of such vesting and conversion that would satisfy the minimum withholding amount due.

Item 6:
Selected Financial Data

(Reserved)

                     
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
  
2016
  
2015
 
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data (1)(2)(3)(4)(5):
               
Revenues
 $
2,294,965
  $
2,100,802
  $
2,136,606
  $
1,753,250
  $
1,639,578
 
                     
Net income (loss)
 $
 467,468
  $
451,779
  $
257,692
  $
(43,421
) $
206,477
 
                     
Net income (loss) per common share-basic
 $
2.74
  $
2.41
  $
1.30
  $
(0.21
) $
0.98
 
                     
Net income (loss) per common share-diluted
 $
2.60
  $
2.35
  $
1.28
  $
(0.21
) $
0.97
 
                     
Cash dividend declared per common share
 $
0.36
  $
0.36
  $
0.28
  $
0.24
  $
0.24
 
                     
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
               
Total assets
 $
2,787,014
  $
2,706,606
  $
3,109,545
  $
2,762,493
  $
2,548,674
 
                     
Long-term debt obligations
 $
394,687
  $
379,981
  $
365,987
  $
352,669
  $
—  
 
                     
23

Table of Contents

(1)The year ended December 31, 2019 includes a $26.0 million tax benefit from the release of uncertain tax position reserves due to the IRS completion of its audit of our 2015 Federal tax return, a $15.0 million charge for the impairment of the investment in RealWear, $8.2 million of pension actuarial losses, and the results of operations of Lemsys and AutoGuide from January 30, 2019 and November 13, 2019, respectively.
(2)The year ended December 31, 2018 includes $49.5 million of tax benefit related to the finalization of the U.S. transition tax liability, $3.3 million of pension actuarial gains, and the results of operations of Mobile Industrial Robots and Energid from April 25, 2018 and February 26, 2018, respectively.
(3)The year ended December 31, 2017 includes $186.0 million of provisional tax expense related to the Tax Reform Act and $6.6 million of pension actuarial gains.
(4)The year ended December 31, 2016 includes a $254.9 million goodwill impairment charge and an $83.3 million acquired intangible assets impairment charge related to the Wireless Test segment, and $3.2 million of pension actuarial gains.
(5)The year ended December 31, 2015 includes $17.7 million of pension actuarial losses, a $5.4 million gain from the sale of an equity investment and the results of operations of Universal Robots from June 12, 2015.
Item 7:

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

We are a leading global supplier of automationautomated test equipment for test and industrial applications.robotics products. We design, develop, manufacture and sell automatic test systems and robotics products. Our automatic test systems are used to test semiconductors, wireless products, data storage and complex electronics systems in themany industries including consumer electronics, wireless, automotive, industrial, computing, communications, and aerospace and defense industries. Our industrial automationRobotics products include collaborative robotic arms and autonomous mobile robots and advanced robotic control software(“AMRs”) used by global manufacturing, logistics and light industrial customers to improve quality, increase manufacturing and

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material handling efficiency and decrease manufacturing and logistics costs. Our automatic test equipment and industrial automationrobotics products and services include:

semiconductor test (“Semiconductor Test”) systems;

storage and system level test (“Storage Test”) systems, defense/aerospace (“Defense/Aerospace”) test instrumentation and systems, storage test (“Storage Test”) systems and circuit-board test and inspection (“Production Board Test”) systems (collectively these products represent “System Test”);

industrial automation (“Industrial Automation”) products; and

wireless test (“Wireless Test”) systems.systems; and

robotics (“Robotics”) products.

We have a customer base which includes integrated device manufacturers (“IDMs”), outsourced semiconductor assembly and test providers (“OSATs”), original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), wafer foundries, fabless companies that design, but contract with others for the manufacture of integrated circuits (“ICs”), developers of wireless devices and consumer electronics, manufacturers of circuit boards, automotive suppliers, wireless product manufacturers, storage device manufacturers, aerospace and military contractors, and distributors that sell collaborative robots, autonomous mobile robots and wireless test systems. The sales of our products and services are dependent, to a large degree, on these customers who are subject to cyclical trends in the demand for their products. These cyclical periods have had, and will continue to have, a significant effect on our business because our customers often delay or accelerate purchases in reaction to changes in their businesses and to demand fluctuations in the semiconductor, electronics and industrial automation industries. Historically, these demand fluctuations have resulted in significant variations in our results of operations.

The market for our test products is concentrated with a limited number of significant customers accounting for a substantial portion of the purchases of test equipment. A few customers drive significant demand for our test products both through direct sales and sales to the customers’customer’s supply partners. We expect that sales of our test products will continue to be concentrated with a limited number of significant customers for the foreseeable future.

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In 2022, the demand in the mobility and compute segments of Contents

In 2019, revenueour Semiconductor Test business was lower due to end market slowdown in our test businesses exceeded our planthese segments as well as a result of Semiconductor Test demandslower technology transition in China, early 5G test investments and strength in our System Test businesses. The revenue growthone of our Industrial Automation businesses was below our plan. In 2020,largest end-markets. While the depth of the slowdown and the timing of the recovery are uncertain, we expect continued strong momentumthe ramp of 3 nanometer process technology starting in 2023 followed by gate-all-around process technology, increasing multichip packaging, additional device complexity and unit growth will drive additional demand for test over our test businessesfour year forecast period.

Our Robotics segment consists of Universal Robots A/S (“UR”), a leading supplier of collaborative robotic arms and improvement in the growth of our Industrial Automation businesses.

On February 26, 2018, we acquired Energid Technologies Corporation (“Energid”) for a total purchase price of approximately $27.6 million. Energid’s technology enables and simplifies the programming of complex robotic motions used in a wide variety of end markets, ranging from heavy industry to healthcare, utilizing both traditional robots and collaborative robots. Energid is included in our Industrial Automation segment.
On April 25, 2018, we acquired Mobile Industrial Robots ApSA/S (“MiR”), a Danish limited liability company. MiR is a leading maker of collaborative autonomous mobile robots (“AMRs”)AMRs for industrial applications. The total purchase price was approximately $197.8 million, which included cash paid of approximately $145.2 millionautomation. In September 2022, we merged MiR and $52.6 million in fair value of contingent consideration payable upon achievement of certain thresholds and targets for revenue and earnings before interest and taxes through 2020. Contingent consideration for 2018 was $30.8 million and was paid in March 2019. Contingent consideration for 2019 was $9.1 million and is expected to be paid in March 2020. The remaining maximum contingent consideration that could be paid is $63.2 million. MiR is included in our Industrial Automation segment.
Based on our December 31, 2019 goodwill impairment test, the MiR reporting unit’s estimated fair value exceeded its carrying value by 14%. The MiR goodwill amount is $123.6 million as of December 31, 2019. Key assumptions in the goodwill valuation model are forecasted revenues, discount rate and earnings before interest and taxes. A change in any of these key assumptions could result in the reporting unit being impaired in a future period.
On January 30, 2019, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Lemsys SA (“Lemsys”) for a total purchase price of approximately $9.1 million. Lemsys strengthens our position in the electrification trends of vehicles, solar, wind, and industrial applications. Lemsys is included in our Semiconductor Test segment.
On June 3, 2019, we invested $15.0 million in RealWear, Inc. (“RealWear”). RealWear, a private company, develops and sells advanced wearable technology including industrial, hands-free, head-mounted augmented reality devices that make the workplace safer and more productive. On February 28, 2020, RealWear’s debt holder demanded repayment of its $25.0 million loan to RealWear. As a result, in the fourth quarter of 2019, we recorded an impairment charge of $15.0 million to reduce our investment in RealWear to zero as of December 31, 2019.
On November 13, 2019, we acquired 100% of the membership interests of AutoGuide, LLC (“AutoGuide”), a maker of high payload AMRs, an emergingto become a single supplier of AMRs. The market for our Robotics segment products is dependent on the adoption of new automation technologies by large manufacturers as well as small and fast growing segmentmedium enterprises (“SMEs”) throughout the world. We expect Robotics sales channel expansion combined with new products to drive the growth in 2023.

Both our test and robotics businesses may continue to be influenced by supply constraints, which could impact our revenue and costs in 2023. In 2022, inflation had minimal effect on our results. In 2022, we were unable to supply approximately $20 million of revenue in our test businesses for which we had customer demand.

Our financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars. While the majority of our revenues are in U.S. dollars, approximately 70 percent of our Robotics revenue is denominated in foreign currencies. In 2022, the strengthening of the global forklift market. The total purchase priceU.S. dollar was approximately $81.7 million, which included cash paid of approximately $57.8 million and $24.0 milliona factor in fair value of contingent consideration payable upon achievement of certain performance targets, extending potentially through 2022. The maximum contingent consideration that could be paid is $106.9 million. AutoGuide’s AMRs are used for material transport of payloads up to 4,500 kg in manufacturing, warehouse and logistics applications. These products complement MiR’s lower payload products. AutoGuide is includedthan forecasted revenues in our Industrial Automation segment, which is a key componentRobotics segment. Continued strengthening of ourthe U.S. dollar would negatively affect Robotics revenue growth strategy.

We believe our recent acquisitions and investments have enhanced our opportunities for growth. We intendin 2023.

Our corporate strategy continues to continue to invest in our business, growfocus on profitably gaining market share in our marketstest businesses through the introduction of differentiated products that target expanding segments and accelerating growth through continued investment in our Robotics businesses. We plan to continue investing in our growth while balancing capital allocations between returning capital to our shareholders through stock repurchases and dividends and using capital for acquisitions.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on our Business

During the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, government authorities implemented numerous measures in an effort to contain the spread of the virus, such as travel bans and restrictions, limitations on

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gatherings or social distancing requirements, quarantines, shelter-in-place orders, vaccination and testing mandates, and business limitations and shutdowns. Additionally, we took proactive, aggressive action to protect the health and safety of our employees, customers, contract manufacturers and suppliers, and to comply with all government orders around the globe. The spread of COVID-19 caused us to modify our business practices, which included implementing social distancing protocols, limiting employee travel and requiring employees to work remotely. These measures impacted our day-to-day operations and disrupted our business, workforce and operations, as well as the operations of our customers, contract manufacturers and suppliers. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has also been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and our markets. We are not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to our estimates or judgments or a revision of the carrying value of our assets or liabilities as of February 22, 2023, the date of issuance of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We believe the COVID-19 pandemic, and the numerous measures implemented by authorities in response, adversely impacted our results of operations, including by increasing costs, but we cannot accurately estimate the amount of the impact to our 2022 and 2021 financial results or to our future financial results. In addition, the pandemic has disrupted our contract manufacturers and suppliers, and has resulted in some instances in short-term cost increases to meet customer demand. While a continuation of the pandemic may further expandimpact our addressable markets while tightly managingworkforce and operations, as well as those of our costs.customers, contract manufacturers and suppliers, we expect that our manufacturing facilities will remain operational, at sufficient capacity to support production demand. We are monitoring our operations closely in an effort to avoid any potential productivity loss caused by responses to the COVID-19 pandemic.

We experienced interruptions to our supply chain as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our suppliers have faced and may continue to face difficulties maintaining operations in light of COVID-19 disruptions and government-ordered restrictions. Our supply chain team, and our suppliers, continue to manage numerous supply, production, and logistics obstacles caused by the pandemic. There is no assurance that these efforts will be successful. The COVID-19 pandemic may continue to disrupt our ability to obtain components required to manufacture our products, adversely affecting our operations and in some instances resulting in higher costs and delays, both for obtaining components and shipping finished goods to customers.

We will continue to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic. We may take further actions as may be required or recommended by government authorities or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, contract manufacturers and suppliers. In these circumstances, there may be developments outside our control requiring us to adjust our operating plan. As a result, given the uncertain nature of this situation, we are not able to accurately predict the full extent of the impact of COVID-19 on our business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or cash flows in the future.

Supply Chain Constraints and Inflationary Pressures

The global supply shortage of electrical components, including semiconductor chips, continued to impact our supply chain in 2022. As a result, we experienced, and expect to continue to experience, increases in our lead times and costs for certain components for certain of our products. In addition, in 2022, inflationary pressures contributed to increased costs for product components and wage inflation, which had minimal impact on our cost of products, gross margin and profit for the year. Our supply chain team, and our suppliers, continue to manage numerous supply, production, and logistics obstacles. In an effort to mitigate these risks, in some cases, we have incurred higher costs due to investment in supply chain resiliency and to secure available inventory or have extended or placed non-cancellable purchase commitments with semiconductor suppliers, which introduces inventory risk if our forecasts and assumptions prove inaccurate. We have also sourced components from additional suppliers and multi-sourced and pre-ordered components and finished goods inventory in some cases in an effort to reduce the impact of the adverse supply chain conditions we have experienced. However, if we are unable to secure manufacturing capacities from our current or new suppliers and contract manufacturers, on

30


acceptable terms or at all, or successfully manage our purchase commitments and inventory for components, our ability to deliver our products to our customers in the desired quantities, at competitive prices or in a timely manner may be negatively impacted for 2023.

Impact of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on our Business

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, in February 2022, did not have a significant direct impact on our business as we have minimal business in Russia and Ukraine. However, following the invasion, the U.S. and other countries imposed significant sanctions against the Russian government and many Russian companies and individuals. Although we do not have significant operations in Russia, the sanctions and Russia’s response to the sanctions, have impacted our business in other countries and could have a negative impact on our future revenue and supply chain, either of which could adversely affect our business and financial results. In addition, the global economic uncertainty following the invasion, sanctions and Russia’s response to the sanctions could impact demand for our products.

Impact of October 7, 2022 U.S. Department of Commerce Regulations on our Business

On October 7, 2022, the U.S. Department of Commerce published new regulations restricting the export to China of advanced semiconductors, supercomputer technology, equipment for the manufacturing of advanced semiconductors and components and technology for the manufacturing in China of certain semiconductor manufacturing equipment. The new restrictions are lengthy and complex. We continue to assess the impact of these regulations on our business. We have determined that restrictions on the sale of semiconductor testers in China to test certain advanced semiconductors will impact our sales to certain companies in China. Several multinational companies manufacturing these advanced semiconductors in China have obtained one-year licenses allowing suppliers such as Teradyne to continue to provide testers to the facilities operated by these companies. We expect that other companies manufacturing advanced semiconductors in China will not receive licenses, thereby restricting our ability to provide testers to the facilities operated by these companies that do not receive a license. We are also filing license requests to sell to and support certain customers in China for certain end uses that, if granted, may reduce the impact of these restrictions on our business. At this time, we do not know the impact these end user and end use restrictions will have on our business in China or on future revenues. In addition to the specific restrictions impacting our business, the regulations may have an adverse impact on certain actual or potential customers and on the global semiconductor industry. To the extent the regulations impact actual and potential customers or disrupt the global semiconductor industry, our business and revenues will be adversely impacted. We also have determined that the restrictions on the export of certain U.S. origin components and technology for use in the development and production in China of certain semiconductor manufacturing equipment impact our manufacturing and development operations in China. We have received a temporary authorization from the U.S. Department of Commerce allowing us to continue our manufacturing and development operations in China until the U.S. Department of Commerce issues a license to replace this temporary authorization. We cannot assess the likelihood or timing of receiving this license. In addition to requesting a license, we are implementing procedures for minimizing the impact of these new regulations on our operations in China, but there is no assurance that these procedures will succeed.

See Part II—Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” included herein for updates to our risk factors regarding risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, supply chain issues and international conflicts.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

We have identified the policies and estimates discussed below as critical to understanding our business and our results of operations and financial condition. The impact and any associated risks related to these policiesestimates on our business operations is discussed throughout Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations where such policies affect our reported and expected financial results. For a full description of our accounting policies related to the below items refer to Note B. Accounting Policies, included in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report.

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Critical accounting estimates are complex and may require significant judgment by management. Changes to the underlying assumptions may have a material impact on our financial condition and results of Contents

operations. These estimates may change, as new events occur, and additional information is obtained. Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Recognition

In accordance with ASC 606, “

Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”)
, we recognize revenues, when or as control is transferred to a customer. Our determination of revenue requires judgment in the determination of performance obligations and allocation of the transaction price to performance obligations. We often sell bundled orders that include both product and services or multiple different products within the same order. We evaluate each of the deliverables to determine if it meets the definition of a performance obligation, which requires that it is dependent upon a five step process outlined below.
We account for a contract with a customer when therecapable of being distinct and distinct within the context of the contract. This determination is written approval, the contract is committed, thebased on an assessment of contractual rights of the parties, including payment terms, are identified,contract and the contract has commercial substance and consideration is probable of collection.
We periodically enter into contracts with customers in which a customer may purchase a combination of goods and services, such as products with extended warranty obligations. We determine performance obligations by assessing whether the products or services are distinct from the other elementsability of the contract. In orderperformance obligation to be distinct, the product or service must perform either on its own or with readily available resources and must be separate within the context of the contract.
We consider the amount stated on the face of the purchase order to be the transaction price. We do not have variable consideration which could impact the stated purchase price agreed to by us and the customer.
Transaction price is allocated to each individual performance obligation based onresources. In bundled transactions we estimate the standalone selling price of each identified performance obligation and use that estimate to allocate the transaction price among said performance obligation. We use standalone transactions when available to value each performance obligation. If standalone transactions are not available, we will estimate theobligations. The estimated standalone selling price throughis determined using all information reasonably available to us, including standalone transactions, market assessmentsinformation and other observable inputs.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost using a standard costing system which approximates cost based on a first-in, first-out basis or cost plusnet realizable value. On a reasonable margin analysis. Any discountsquarterly basis, we evaluate all inventories for net realizable value. This quarterly process identifies obsolete and excess inventory. Obsolete inventory, which represents items for which there is no demand, is fully reserved. Excess inventory, which represents inventory items that are not expected to be consumed within the forecasted demand window, is written down to estimated net realizable value. Forecasted demand information is obtained from standalone selling price are spread proportionally to each performance obligation.

In order to determine the appropriate timing for revenue recognition, we first determine if the transaction meets any of three criteria for over time recognition. If the transaction meets the criteria for over time recognition, we recognize revenue as the good or service is delivered. We use input variablessales and marketing groups and incorporates factors such as hours or months utilized or costs incurred to determine the amount of revenue to recognize in a given period. Input variables are used as they best align consumption with benefit to the customer. For transactions that do not meet the criteria for over time recognition, we will recognize revenue at a point in timebacklog and future revenues. The demand forecast is based on an assessment ofassumptions around the five criteria for transfer of control. We have concluded that revenue should be recognized when shipped or delivered based on contractual terms. Typically, acceptance of our productsproduct life and services is a formality as we deliver similar systems, instrumentscustomer and robots to standard specifications. In cases where acceptance is not deemed a formality, we will defer revenue recognition until customer acceptance.
Translation of
Non-U.S.
Currencies
The functional currency for all
non-U.S.
subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar, except for Universal Robots, MiR and Lemsys for which the local currency is its functional currency. All foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured on a monthly basis into the functional currency using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period. All foreign currency denominated
non-monetary
assets and liabilities are remeasured into the functional currency using historical exchange rates. Net foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from remeasurement are included in other (income) expense, net. For Universal Robots, MiR and Lemsys, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period. Revenues and expense amounts are translated using an average of exchange rates in effect during the period. Translation adjustments are recorded within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the balance sheet.
market forecasts.

Retirement and Postretirement Plans

We recognize net actuarial gains and losses and the change in the fair value of the plan assets in our operating results in the year in which they occur or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. Discount rate and expected return on assets are two assumptions which are important elements of pension plan expense and asset/liability measurement. We calculate

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Tableevaluate our discount rate and expected rate of Contents
return on assets assumptions annually on a plan and country specific basis. We evaluate other assumptions related to demographic factors, such as retirement age, mortality and turnover periodically, and update them to reflect our experience and expectations for the future.

In developing the expected return on planU.S. Qualified Pension Plan (“U.S. Plan”) assets usingassumption, we evaluated input from our investment manager and pension consultants, including their forecast of asset class return expectations. We believe that 2.0% was an appropriate rate of return on assets to use for 2022. The December 31, 2022 asset allocation for our U.S. Plan was 94% invested in fixed income securities, 5% invested in equity securities, and 1% invested in other securities. Our investment manager regularly reviews the fair valueactual asset allocation and periodically rebalances the portfolio to ensure alignment with our target allocations.

The discount rate that we utilized for determining future pension obligations for the U.S. Plan is based on the FTSE Pension Index adjusted for the U.S. Plan’s expected cash flows and was 4.95% at December 31, 2022, up from 2.65% at December 31, 2021. We estimate that in 2023 we will recognize approximately $0.4 million of pension expense for the planU.S. Plan. The U.S. Plan pension expense estimate for 2023 is based on a 4.95%

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discount rate and a 4.75% return on assets. Actuarial gainsFuture pension expense or income will depend on future investment performance, changes in future discount rates and losses are generally measuredvarious other factors related to the employee population participating in our pension plans.

Goodwill, Intangible and Long-Lived Assets

We assess goodwill for impairment at least annually in the fourth quarter, as of December 31, on a reporting unit basis, or more frequently, when events and accordingly,circumstances occur indicating that the recorded duringgoodwill may be impaired. We review intangible and long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the fourth quarter of each year or upon any interim remeasurementcarrying amount of the plans.

In March 2017,assets may not be fully recoverable or that the Financialuseful lives of these assets are no longer appropriate. Goodwill impairment will be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. Impairment of intangible and long-lived assets would result in the asset being written down to its estimated fair value. The calculated fair value of a reporting unit or intangible or long-lived asset is dependent upon discounted cash flow (“DCF”) models, discount rates, and market multiples. DCF models rely on our forecasted mid-term plans which are subjective based on customer or market conditions and can change materially. We utilize third party specialists when determining discount rates and selected market multiples. A change in any of these key assumptions could result in a reporting unit, intangible asset, or long-lived asset being impaired in a future period.

Convertible Debt

We adopted Accounting Standards BoardUpdate (“FASB”ASU”) issued ASU

2017-07,
“Compensation—Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost 2020-06 – “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost
.Other Options and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity,We retrospectively adopted the new accounting guidance on presentation of net periodic pension costs and net periodic postretirement benefit costs in the first quarter of 2018. This guidance requires the service cost component of net benefit costs to be reported in the same line item in the consolidated statement of operations as other employee compensation costs. The
non-service
components of net benefit costs such as interest cost, expected return on assets, amortization of prior service cost, and actuarial gains or losses, are required to be reported separately outside of income or loss from operations. Following the adoption of this guidance, we continue to record the service cost component in the same line item as other employee compensation costs and the
non-service
components of net benefit costs such as interest cost, expected return on assets, amortization of prior service cost, and actuarial gains or losses are reported within other (income) expense, net. In 2017, the retrospective adoption of this standard decreased income from operations by $5.0 million, due to the reclass of net actuarial pension gains and increased
non-operating
(income) expense by the same amount with no impact to net income (loss).
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost using a standard costing system which approximates cost based on a
first-in,
first-out
basis or net realizable value. On a quarterly basis, we use consistent methodologies to evaluate all inventories for net realizable value. We record a provision for both excess and obsolete inventory when such write-downs or write-offs are identified through the quarterly review process. The inventory valuation is based upon assumptions about future demand, product mix, and possible alternative uses.
Equity Incentive and Stock Purchase Plans
Stock-based compensation expense is based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718, “
Compensation—Stock Compensation.
” Upon adoption of ASU
2016-09,
“Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,”
in the first quarter of 2017, we made an accounting policy election to continue accounting for forfeitures by applying an estimated forfeiture rate and recognizing compensation costs only for those stock-based compensation awards expected to vest. In accordance with ASU
2016-09,
starting in the first quarter of 2017, excess tax benefits or tax deficiencies are recognized as a discrete tax benefit or discrete tax expense to the current income tax provision in our consolidated statements of operations and are reported as cash flows from operating activities. On January 1, 2017,2022 using the modified retrospective method of adoption. As a cumulative effect adjustmentresult of $39.1adoption, we recorded an increase of $1.4 million to current debt for any prior year excessunsettled shares, an increase of $1.8 million to deferred tax benefits or tax deficiencies not previously recorded was recorded asassets, an increase of $6.6 million to long-term debt for unamortized debt discount, and an increase to retained earnings of $94.6 million for the reclassification of the equity component. Mezzanine equity representing unsettled shares value was reduced to zero and deferred tax assets. All cash payments made to taxing authorities on the employees’ behalfadditional paid-in capital was reduced by $100.8 million. In accordance with ASU 2020-06, we account for withhelda convertible debt instrument as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. Unsettled shares are presented as financing activitiesrecorded in current debt, and there is no recognition of a debt discount, which was previously amortized to interest expense. Settled shares reduce the outstanding debt balance in an amount equal to the cash paid, but do not result in any gain or loss on extinguishment. We use the statement of cash flows. In 2019, 2018 and 2017, we recognized a discrete tax benefit of $4.9 million, $7.6 million and $6.3 million, respectively, related to net excess tax benefit.
if-converted method in the diluted EPS calculation for convertible instruments.

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We performedEvaluating the required assessment of positive and negative evidence regarding the realization of the net deferred tax assets in accordance with ASC 740, “

Accounting for Income Taxes.
Taxes is a key judgment in the valuation of income taxes. This assessment included the evaluation of scheduled
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reversals of deferred tax liabilities, estimates of projected future taxable income and
tax-planning
strategies. Although realization is not assured, based on our assessment, we concluded that it is more likely than not that such assets, net of the existing valuation allowance, will be realized.
Investments
We account for our investments in debt and equity securities in accordance with the provisions of ASC
320-10,
Investments—Debt and Equity Securities.
” On a quarterly basis, we review our investments to identify and evaluate those that have an indication of a potential other-than-temporary impairment. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is other-than-temporary include:
The length of time and the extent to which the market value has been less than cost;
The financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; and
The intent and ability to retain the investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value.
Investment in Other Companies
We account for investments in other companies at cost and evaluate for impairment or an indication of changes in fair value resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer on a quarterly basis.
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU
2016-01,
Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.
” We adopted the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. This guidance requires that changes in fair value of equity marketable securities be accounted for directly in earnings. Previously, the changes in fair value of equity marketable securities were recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income on the balance sheet. We continue to record realized gains in interest income and realized losses in interest expense. The adoption of this new accounting guidance increased the January 1, 2018 retained earnings balance by $3.1 million and decreased the accumulated other comprehensive income balance by the same amount.
Goodwill, Intangible and Long-Lived Assets
We assess goodwill for impairment at least annually in the fourth quarter, as of December 31, on a reporting unit basis, or more frequently, when events and circumstances occur indicating that the recorded goodwill may be impaired. If the book value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the implied fair value of goodwill is compared with the carrying amount of goodwill. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded in an amount equal to that excess.
No goodwill impairment was identified in 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Based on our December 31, 2019 goodwill impairment test, the MiR reporting unit’s estimated fair value exceeded its carrying value by 14%. The MiR goodwill amount is $123.6 million as of December 31, 2019. Key assumptions in the goodwill valuation model are forecasted revenues, discount rate and earnings before interest and taxes. A change in any of these key assumptions could result in the reporting unit being impaired in a future period.
We assess the impairment of intangible and long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important in the determination of an impairment include significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in the manner that we use the acquired asset and significant negative industry or economic trends.
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Business Combination
We recognize the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The fair value of identifiable intangible assets is based on detailed cash flow valuations that use information and assumptions provided by management. We estimate the fair value of contingent consideration at the time of the acquisition using all pertinent information known to us at the time to assess the probability of payment of contingent amounts or through the use of a Monte Carlo simulation model. We allocate any excess purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed to goodwill. The assumptions used in the valuations for our acquisitions may differ materially from actual results depending on performance of the acquired businesses and other factors. While we believe the assumptions used were appropriate, different assumptions in the valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed could have a material impact on the timing and extent of impact on our statements of operations. Goodwill is assigned to reporting units as of the date of the related acquisition.

Results of Operations

Information pertaining to fiscal year 20172020 results of operations, including a

year-to-year
comparison against fiscal year 2018,2021, was included in our Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 20182021 under Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and Results of Operations,” which was filed with the SEC on March 1, 2019.February 23, 2022. This information is incorporated by reference herein.

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The following table sets forth the percentage of total net revenues included in our consolidated statements of operations:

         
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
      2019      
  
      2018      
 
Percentage of revenues:
      
Revenues:
      
Products
  
82.3
%  
82.3
%
Services
  
17.7
   
17.7
 
         
Total revenues
  
100.0
   
100.0
 
Cost of revenues:
      
Cost of products
  
34.1
   
34.6
 
Cost of services
  
7.5
   
7.3
 
         
Total cost of revenues (exclusive of acquired intangible assets amortization shown separately below)
  
41.6
   
41.9
 
         
Gross profit
  
58.4
   
58.1
 
Operating expenses:
      
Selling and administrative
  
19.0
   
18.6
 
Engineering and development
  
14.1
   
14.4
 
Acquired intangible assets amortization
  
1.7
   
1.9
 
Restructuring and other
  
(0.6
)  
0.7
 
         
Total operating expenses
  
34.3
   
35.5
 
         
Income from operations
  
24.1
   
22.6
 
Non-operating
(income) expenses:
      
Interest income
  
(1.1
)  
(1.3
)
Interest expense
  
1.0
   
1.5
 
Other (income) expense, net
  
1.3
   
0.1
 
         
Income before income taxes
  
22.9
   
22.3
 
Income tax provision
  
2.5
   
0.8
 
         
Net income
  
20.4
%  
21.5
%
         
29

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   Years Ended December 31, 
   2022  2021 

Percentage of revenues:

   

Revenues:

   

Products

   82.1  86.3

Services

   17.9   13.7 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total revenues

   100.0   100.0 

Cost of revenues:

   

Cost of products

   33.0   35.1 

Cost of services

   7.8   5.3 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total cost of revenues (exclusive of acquired intangible assets amortization shown separately below)

   40.8   40.4 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Gross profit

   59.2   59.6 

Operating expenses:

   

Selling and administrative

   17.7   14.8 

Engineering and development

   14.0   11.5 

Acquired intangible assets amortization

   0.6   0.6 

Restructuring and other

   0.5   0.3 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

   32.8   27.2 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income from operations

   26.4   32.4 

Non-operating (income) expenses:

   

Interest income

   (0.2  (0.1

Interest expense

   0.1   0.5 

Other (income) expense, net

   (0.2  0.7 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

   26.6   31.4 

Income tax provision

   4.0   4.0 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income

   22.7  27.4
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Revenues

Revenues for our reportable segments were as follows:

   2022   2021   2021-2022
Dollar
Change
 
   (in millions) 

Semiconductor Test

  $2,080.6   $2,642.3   $(561.7

System Test

   469.3    467.7    1.6 

Robotics

   403.1    375.9    27.2 

Wireless Test

   201.7    216.9    (15.2

Corporate and Eliminations

   0.3    —      0.3 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $3,155.0   $3,702.9   $(547.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

34

             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2018-2019
Dollar
Change
 
   
(in millions)
   
Semiconductor Test
 $
1,552.6
  $
1,492.4
  $
60.2
 
Industrial Automation
  
298.1
   
261.5
   
36.6
 
System Test
  
287.5
   
216.1
   
71.4
 
Wireless Test
  
157.3
   
132.0
   
25.3
 
Corporate and Other
  
(0.5
)  
(1.2
)  
0.7
 
             
 $
2,295.0
  $
2,100.8
  $
194.2
 
             


The increasedecrease in Semiconductor Test revenues of $60.2$561.7 million, or 4%21.3%, from 2018 to 2019 was driven primarily by lower tester sales in mobile and high performance compute processor applications, partially offset by an increase in semiconductoradvance driver assistance systems (“ADAS”) tester sales for 5G infrastructure and image sensors and higher service revenue, partially offset by a decrease in sales in the automotive and analog test segments.

The increase in Industrial Automation revenues of $36.6 million, or 14%, from 2018 to 2019 was primarily due to higher demand for collaborative robots. The MiR acquisition was completed in April 2018.
sales. The increase in System Test revenues of $71.4$1.6 million, or 33%0.3%, from 2018 to 2019 was primarily due to higher sales in Storage Test of 3.5” hard disk drive testers, higher sales in Defense/Aerospace test instrumentation and systems, and higher sales in Production Board Test, frompartially offset by a decline in Storage Test sales of system level testers. The rise in Robotics revenues of $27.2 million, or 7.2%, was driven primarily by higher 5G demand.
demand for UR’s collaborative robotic arms and MiR’s autonomous mobile robots, partially offset by changes in foreign exchange rates. The increasedecrease in Wireless Test revenues of $25.3$15.2 million, or 19%7.0%, from 2018 to 2019 was primarily due to higher demand for millimeter wave anda decrease in cellular test products driven by new wireless standards and 5G,product sales, partially offset by lower salesan increase in connectivityultra-wide band test products and services.
product sales.

Our reportable segments accounted for the following percentages of consolidated revenues:

         
 
2019
  
2018
 
Semiconductor Test
  
68
%  
71
%
Industrial Automation
  
13
   
12
 
System Test
  
13
   
10
 
Wireless Test
  
7
   
6
 
         
  
100
%  
100
%
         

   2022  2021 

Semiconductor Test

   66  71

System Test

   15   13 

Robotics

   13   10 

Wireless Test

   6   6 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   100  100
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Revenues by country as a percentage of total revenues were as follows (1):

         
 
2019
  
2018
 
China
  
22
%  
17
%
Taiwan
  
21
   
25
 
United States
  
15
   
13
 
Korea
  
10
   
8
 
Europe
  
10
   
11
 
Japan
  
8
   
8
 
Thailand
  
4
   
3
 
Singapore
  
4
   
5
 
Malaysia
  
3
   
6
 
Philippines
  
2
   
4
 
Rest of the World
  
2
   
2
 
         
  
100
%  
100
%
         
30

Table of Contents

   2022  2021 

Taiwan

   20  30

Korea

   17   14 

China

   16   17 

United States

   15   11 

Europe

   9   7 

Japan

   5   4 

Malaysia

   5   4 

Thailand

   4   4 

Philippines

   4   5 

Singapore

   3   3 

Rest of the World

   2   1 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   100  100
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)

Revenues attributable to a country are based on the location of the customer site.

The breakout of product and service revenues was as follows:

   2022   2021   2021-2022
Dollar
Change
 
   (in millions) 

Product revenues

  $2,591.6   $3,196.6   $(605.0

Service revenues

   563.5    506.3    57.2 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $3,155.0   $3,702.9   $(547.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

35

             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2018-2019
Dollar
Change
 
 
(in millions)
 
Products revenues
 $
1,887.7
  $
1,729.6
  $
158.1
 
Services revenues
  
407.3
   
371.2
   
36.1
 
             
 $
2,295.0
  $
2,100.8
  $
194.2
 
             


Our product revenues increased $158.1decreased $605.0 million, or 9%18.9%, in 2019 from 2018 primarily due to higherlower tester sales in Semiconductor Test of testers for 5G infrastructuremobile and image sensors, higherhigh performance compute processor applications, and a decrease in cellular test product sales in StorageWireless Test, of 3.5” hard disk drive testers, and higher demand in Industrial Automation, partially offset by a decreasethe rise in salesRobotics revenues driven primarily by elevated demand for collaborative robotic arms and autonomous mobile robots. Our service revenues increased $57.2 million or 11.3% primarily in Semiconductor Test automotive and analog test segments. ServiceStorage Test.

In 2021, revenues increased $36.1 million or 10%.

In 2019 and 2018, no single directfrom Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd., a customer of our Semiconductor Test segment, accounted for more than 10%12% of our consolidated revenues. In 20192022 and 2018,2021, our five largest direct customers in aggregate accounted for 27%26% and 27%33% of our consolidated revenues, respectively.
We estimate consolidated revenues driven by Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. (“Huawei”),Qualcomm, a customer of our Semiconductor Test, System Test and Wireless Test segments, combining direct and indirect sales, accounted for approximately 11% of our consolidated revenues in 2022 and less than 10% in 2021. We estimate consolidated revenues driven by one OEM customer, of our Semiconductor Test and Wireless Test segments, combining direct sales to that customer with sales to the customer’s OSATs, accounted for approximately 11% and 4%less than 10% of our consolidated revenues in 20192022 and 2018, respectively. We estimate consolidated revenues driven by another OEM customer, combining direct sales to that customer with sales to the customer’s OSATs, accounted for approximately 10% and 13%19% of our consolidated revenues in 2019 and 2018, respectively.
2021.

Gross Profit

             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2018-2019
Dollar /
Point
Change
 
 
(dollars in millions)
 
Gross profit
 $
1,339.8
  $
1,220.4
  $
119.4
 
Percent of total revenues
  
58.4
%  
58.1
%  
0.3
 

   2022  2021  2021-2022
Dollar /
Point
Change
 
   (in millions) 

Gross profit

  $1,867.2  $2,206.7  $(339.5

Percent of total revenues

   59.2  59.6  (0.4

Gross profit as a percent of total revenues increased from 2018 to 2019decreased by 0.30.4 points, primarily due to higher service costs partially offset by favorable product mix in Semiconductor Test and Storage Test.

lower variable compensation.

The breakout of product and service gross profit was as follows:

             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2018-2019
Dollar /
Point
Change
 
 
(dollars in millions)
 
Product gross profit
 $
1,105.6
  $
1,002.5
  $
103.1
 
Percent of product revenues
  
58.6
%  
58.0
%  
0.6
 
             
Service gross profit
 $
234.2
  $
217.9
  $
16.3
 
Percent of service revenues
  
57.5
%  
58.7
%  
(1.2
)

   2022  2021  2021-2022
Dollar /
Point
Change
 
   (in millions) 

Product gross profit

  $1,549.0  $1,896.5  $(347.5

Percent of product revenues

   59.8  59.3  0.5 

Service gross profit

  $318.1  $310.2  $7.9 

Percent of service revenues

   56.5  61.3  (4.8

Service revenues gross profit percentage decreased 4.8% primarily due to lower margins in Semiconductor Test driven by an increase in headcount.

We assess the carrying value of our inventory on a quarterly basis by estimating future demand and comparing that demand against

on-hand
and
on-order
inventory positions. Forecasted revenues information is
31

Table of Contents
obtained from the sales and marketing groups and incorporates factors such as backlog and future consolidated revenues. This quarterly process identifies obsolete and excess inventory. Obsolete inventory, which represents items for which there is no demand, is fully reserved. Excess inventory, which represents inventory items that are not expected to be consumed duringwithin the next twelve quarters for our Semiconductor Test, Industrial Automation and System Test segments and next four quarters for our Wireless Test segment,forecasted demand window, is written-downwritten down to estimated net realizable value.

During the year ended December 31, 2019,2022, we recorded an inventory provision of $15.2$31.5 million included in cost of revenues, primarily due to downward revisions to previously forecasted demand levels for certain products. Of the $15.2$31.5 million of total excess and obsolete provisions, $8.7$21.5 million was related to Semiconductor Test, $4.0$4.6 million was related to Wireless Test, $2.0$3.7 million was related to Robotics, and $1.7 million was related to System Test, and $0.5 million was related to Industrial Automation.Test.

36


During the year ended December 31, 2018,2021, we recorded an inventory provision of $11.2$15.5 million included in cost of revenues, primarily due to downward revisions to previously forecasted demand levels for certain products. Of the $11.2$15.5 million of total excess and obsolete provisions, $6.8$6.7 million was related to Semiconductor Test, $2.5$6.4 million was related to Robotics, $1.8 million was related to Wireless Test, $1.2and $0.6 million was related to System Test, and $0.7 million was related to Industrial Automation.

Test.

During the years ended December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, we scrapped $9.2$8.8 million and $7.0$10.9 million of inventory, respectively, and sold $3.2$1.8 million and $6.7$2.5 million of previously written-down or

written-off
inventory, respectively. As of December 31, 2019,2022, we had inventory related reserves for amounts which had been written-down or
written-off
totaling $103.6$136.8 million. We have no
pre-determined
timeline to scrap the remaining inventory.

Selling and Administrative

Selling and administrative expenses were as follows:

             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2018-2019
Change
 
 
(dollars in millions)
 
Selling and administrative
 $
437.1
  $
390.7
  $
46.4
 
Percent of total revenues
  
19.0
%  
18.6
%   

   2022  2021  2021-2022
Change
 
   (in millions) 

Selling and administrative

  $558.1  $547.6  $10.5 

Percent of total revenues

   17.7  14.8 

The increase of $46.4$10.5 million in selling and administrative expenses from 2018 to 2019 was due primarily to higherdriven by increase in headcount and greater spending in Industrial Automation from higher sales and marketing spending in Universal Robots and MiR, which was acquired on April 25, 2018, higher sales and marketing spending in Semiconductor Test and higherRobotics, partially offset by lower variable compensation.

Engineering and Development

Engineering and development expenses were as follows:

             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2018-2019
Change
 
 
(dollars in millions)
 
Engineering and development
 $
322.8
  $
301.5
  $
21.3
 
Percent of total revenues
  
14.1
%  
14.4
%   

   2022  2021  2021-2022
Change
 
   (in millions) 

Engineering and development

  $440.6  $427.6  $13.0 

Percent of total revenues

   14.0  11.5 

The increase of $21.3$13.0 million in engineering and development expenses from 2018 to 2019 was due primarily to higherdriven by increase in headcount and greater spending in Industrial AutomationRobotics and WirelessSemiconductor Test, and higherpartially offset by lower variable compensation.

32

Table of Contents

Restructuring and Other

During the year ended December 31, 2019,2022, we recorded a gaincharge of $22.2$14.7 million fromrelated to the decreasearbitration claim filed against Teradyne and AutoGuide related to an earn-out dispute, which was settled on March 25, 2022 for $26.7 million, $2.9 million of severance charges primarily in the fair valueRobotics, and a charge of the MiR contingent consideration liability,$2.7 million for an increase in environmental and legal liabilities, partially offset by a $3.0$3.4 million gain on sale of an asset.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recorded a charge of $12.0 million related to the arbitration claim filed against Teradyne and AutoGuide related to an earn-out dispute, $1.5 million of severance charges primarily in Robotics, $0.5 million of acquisition related compensation and expenses and $2.5 million for an increase in environmental and legal liabilities, offset by a $7.2 million gain for the decrease in the fair value of the AutoGuide contingent consideration $2.9 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions primarily in Semiconductor Test and Industrial Automation, and $2.5 million for acquisition related expenses and compensation.liability.

37


During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recorded an expense of $17.7 million for the increase in the fair value of the MiR contingent consideration liability, $8.7 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions primarily in Semiconductor Test, and $4.5 million for acquisition related expenses and compensation, partially offset by a gain of $16.7 million from the decrease in the fair value of the Universal Robots contingent consideration liability.
The remaining accrual for severance of $0.5 million is reflected in the accrued employees’ compensation and withholdings on the balance sheet and is expected to be paid by October 2020.

Interest and Other

             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2018-2019
Change
 
   
(in millions)
   
Interest income
 $
(24.8
) $
(26.7
) $
1.9
 
Interest expense
  
23.1
   
31.3
   
(8.2
)
Other (income) expense, net
  
29.5
   
1.4
   
28.1
 

   2022   2021   2021-2022
Change
 
   (in millions) 

Interest income

  $(6.4  $(2.6  $(3.8

Interest expense

   3.7    17.8    (14.1

Other (income) expense, net

   (5.8   24.6    (30.4

Interest income decreased by $1.9increased $3.8 million from 2018due to 2019 due primarily to lower cash and marketable securities balances in 2019.higher interest rates. Interest expense decreased by $8.2$14.1 million from 2018primarily due to 2019 due primarily to unrealized losses on equity marketable securities recognizedthe January 1, 2022 adoption of ASU 2020-06 which eliminated the amortization of the debt discount which was $10.3 million in 2018.2021. Other (income) expense, net increaseddecreased by $28.1$30.4 million from 2018primarily due to 2019 due primarily to a $15.0$28.8 million charge for the impairment of the investmentlosses on convertible debt conversions recognized in RealWear2021 and an $11.5 million changeincrease in pension actuarial (gains) lossesgains, from a $3.3$2.2 million gain in 20182021 to an $8.2$25.6 million gain in 2022, partially offset by changes in gains/losses on equity securities, from a $7.2 million gain in 2021 to a $9.0 million loss in 2019.

2022, and a $4 million increase in foreign exchange losses.

Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes

             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2018-2019
Change
 
 
(in millions)
 
Semiconductor Test
 $
417.0
  $
397.6
  $
19.4
 
System Test
  
93.5
   
48.9
   
44.6
 
Wireless Test
  
35.6
   
29.1
   
6.5
 
Industrial Automation
  
(5.9
)  
7.7
   
(13.6
)
Corporate and Other (1)
  
(14.4
)  
(15.4
)  
1.0
 
             
 $
 525.8
  $
467.8
  $
 58.0
 
             

   2022   2021   2021-2022
Change
 
   (in millions) 

Semiconductor Test

  $634.5   $977.0   $(342.5

System Test

   166.9    163.1    3.8 

Wireless Test

   66.8    83.5    (16.7

Robotics

   (16.2   (8.2   (8.0

Corporate and Eliminations (1)

   (11.6   (54.5   42.9 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $840.4   $1,161.0   $(320.6
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1)

Included in Corporate and OtherEliminations are the following: contingent consideration adjustments, investment impairment, pension and postretirement plans actuarial (gains) and losses, interest (income) andincome, interest expense, net foreign exchange (gains) and losses,gains (losses), intercompany eliminations, pension and postretirement plan actuarial gains (losses), legal and environmental fees, contingent consideration adjustments, acquisition related charges.charges and compensation and loss on convertible debt conversions in 2021.

The increasedecrease in income before income taxes in Semiconductor Test from 2018 to 2019 was driven primarily by an increaselower revenues in semiconductor tester sales for 5G infrastructuremobile and image sensors,high performance compute processor applications, partially offset by a decrease in sales in the automotive and analog test segments.lower variable compensation. The increase in income before income taxes in System Test from 2018 to 2019 was primarily due to higher sales in Storage Test of 3.5” hard disk drive testers, higher sales in Defense/Aerospace test instrumentation and systems, and higher sales in Production Board Test,

33

Table partially offset by a decline in Storage Test sales of Contents
from higher 5G demand.system level testers. The increasedecrease in income before income taxes in Wireless Test from 2018 to 2019 was primarily due to higher demand for millimeter wave and cellular test products driven by new wireless standards and 5G partially offsetprimarily by lower sales in connectivitycellular test products and services.partially offset by elevated sales in ultra-wide band test products. The decrease in income before income taxes in Industrial Automation from 2018 to 2019Robotics, was driven primarily by an increase in headcount and greater spending, partially offset by higher revenue for collaborative robotic arms and autonomous mobile robots. The change in income before income taxes in Corporate and Eliminations of $42.9 million was due primarily to higher sales$28.8 million of losses on convertible debt conversions recognized in 2021 and marketing, and engineering spending.
an increase of $23.4 million in pension actuarial gains in 2022.

Income Taxes

Income tax expense for 2019, 20182022 and 20172021, totaled $58.3 million, $16.0$124.9 million and $266.7$146.4 million, respectively. The effective tax rate for 2019, 20182022 and 20172021 was 11.1%, 3.4%14.9% and 50.9%12.6%, respectively.

The increase in the effective tax rate from 20182021 to 20192022 is primarily attributable to increases in expense associated with U.S. global intangible

low-taxed
income and U.S. transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings. These increases in expense were partially offset by increased benefit from the U.S. foreign derived intangible income deduction, foreign tax credits and a net reduction in reserves for uncertain tax positions.
We recorded $186.0 million of additional income tax expense in the fourth quarter of 2017 which represented our best estimate of the impact of the Tax Reform Act in accordance with our understanding of the Tax Reform Act and available guidance as of that date. The $186.0 million was primarily composed of expense of $161.0 million related to the
one-time
transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings, $33.6 million of expense related to the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the rates at which they are expected to reverse in the future, and benefit of $10.3 million associated with the impact of correlative adjustments on uncertain tax positions. In accordance with the requirements of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 118, “Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”, in the fourth quarter of 2018, we completed our analysis of the effect of the Tax Reform Act based on the application of the guidance available as of December 31, 2018 and recorded $49.5 million of net income tax benefit. The net benefit consisted of $51.7 million of benefit resulting from a reduction in the estimate of the
one-time
transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings and an expense of $2.2 million associated with the impact of correlative adjustments on uncertain tax positions.
The change in the effective tax rate from 2017 to 2018 was also impacted by a shift in the geographic distribution of income, which increased the income subject to taxation in the U.S.higher tax rate jurisdictions relative to lower tax rate jurisdictions, the benefit ofincreases in expense from U.S. global low-taxed income and increases in expense

38


from non-deductible officer compensation. These increases in expense were partially offset by increases in benefits from the U.S. foreign derived intangible income deduction and increases in discrete benefit from

non-taxable
foreign exchange gains and losses.
tax credits.

We qualify for a tax holiday in Singapore by fulfilling the requirements of an agreement with the Singapore Economic Development Board under which certain headcount and spending requirements must be met. The tax savings attributable to the Singapore tax holiday for the years ended December 31, 2019, 20182022 and 20172021 were $15.1$16.0 million or $0.08 per diluted share, $11.9 million or $0.06$0.09 per diluted share and $24.8$33.3 million or $0.12$0.18 per diluted share, respectively. In November 2020, we entered into an agreement with the Singapore Economic Development Board which extended our Singapore tax holiday under substantially similar terms to the agreement which expired on December 31, 2020. The new tax holiday is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2020.

34

Table of Contents
Contractual Obligations
The following table reflects our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2019:
                         
 
Payments Due by Period
 
 
Total
  
Less than
1 year
  
1-3
years
  
3-5
years
  
More than
5 years
  
Other
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Convertible debt
 $
460,000
  $
—  
  $
—  
  $
460,000
  $
—  
  $
—  
 
Purchase obligations
  
415,582
  $
412,948
   
2,634
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
 
Retirement plans contributions
  
139,451
   
5,069
   
10,464
   
10,336
   
113,582
   
—  
 
Transition tax payable (1)
  
88,157
   
5,515
   
15,741
   
22,628
   
44,273
   
—  
 
Operating lease obligations
  
72,505
   
21,933
   
30,582
   
11,602
   
8,388
   
—  
 
Interest on long term debt
  
23,000
   
5,750
   
11,500
   
5,750
   
—  
   
—  
 
Fair value of contingent consideration
  
39,705
   
9,106
   
30,599
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
 
Other long-term liabilities reflected on the balance sheet under GAAP (2)
  
79,579
   
—  
   
39,156
   
6,348
   
470
   
33,605
 
                         
Total
 $
 1,317,979
  $
 460,321
  $
140,676
  $
516,664
  $
166,713
  $
33,605
 
                         
(1)Represents the transition tax liability associated with our accumulated foreign earnings as a result of enactment of the Tax Reform Act on December 22, 2017.
(2)Included in other long-term liabilities are liabilities for customer advances, extended warranty, uncertain tax positions, deferred tax liabilities and other obligations. For certain long-term obligations, we are unable to provide a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of future payments relating to these obligations and therefore we included these amounts in the column marked “Other.”
Liquidity2025.

Capital Resources and Capital Resources

Material Cash Requirements

Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balance decreased by $189$495 million from 2018in 2022 to 2019$1,005 million. Cash decreased due to $1,016 million.

stock repurchases in the amount of $752 million, quarterly cash dividend payments in the amount of $70 million, payments of convertible debt principal in the amount of $67 million partially offset by cash generated by our global operations.

Operating activities during 20192022 provided cash of $578.8$577.9 million. Changes in operating assets and liabilities used cash of $51.7 million$272.6 million. This was due to a $121.6$170.9 million increase in operating assets and a $69.9$101.7 million increasedecrease in operating liabilities.

The increase in operating assets was due to a $70.4 million increase in accounts receivable due to increased sales, a $27.4 million increase in inventories, and a $23.8$140.7 million increase in prepayments and other assets.

assets due to prepayments to our contract manufacturers, an $80.8 million increase in inventories, partially offset by a $50.6 million decrease in accounts receivable due to lower sales.

The increasedecrease in operating liabilities was due to a $39.3$40.3 million increasedecrease in accrued employee compensation, a $29.8 million decrease in income taxes, a $10.8 million decrease in accounts payable, a $9.3 million decrease in other accrued liabilities, a $6.2 million decrease in deferred revenue and customer advance payments, a $24.8 million increase in accounts payable, a $15.3 million increase in accrued employee compensation and a $9.2 million increase in other accrued liabilities, partially offset by a $13.6 million decrease in income taxes, and $5.1 million of retirement plan contributions.

Investing activities during 2019 used2022 provided cash of $156.7$43.8 million, due to $662.7$268.1 million and $222.9 million in proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities, respectively, $3.4 million due to sale of an asset, partially offset by $287.4 million used for purchases of marketable securities, $134.6and $163.2 million used for purchases of property, plant and equipment, $57.8 million, net of cash acquired, used for the acquisition of AutoGuide, $15.0 million used for an investment in RealWear, and $7.0 million, net of cash acquired, used for the acquisition of Lemsys, partially offset by $611.9 million and $105.6 million in proceeds from maturities and sales of marketable securities, respectively, and proceeds from life insurance of $2.9 million related to the cash surrender value from the cancellation of Teradyne owned life insurance policies.

equipment.

Financing activities during 20192022 used cash of $574.3$893.0 million, due to $500.0$752.1 million used for the repurchase of 10.97.3 million shares of common stock at an average price of $45.89$103.69 per share, $61.3$69.7 million used for dividend

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payments, $27.6$66.8 million used for the payments related to MiRof convertible debt principal, and Universal Robots acquisition contingent consideration and $14.7$33.2 million used for payments related to net settlement of employee stock compensation awards, partially offset by $29.3$28.7 million from the issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase and stock option plans.

Operating activities during 20182021 provided cash of $476.9$1,098.4 million. Changes in operating assets and liabilities used cash of $163.5$98.8 million. This was due to a $105.8$227.1 million increase in operating assets and a $57.7$128.4 million decreaseincrease in operating liabilities.

The increase in operating assets was due to a $58.4$175.8 million increase in prepayments and other assets due primarily to paymentsprepayments to our contract manufacturers, a $29.5 million increase in inventories, and a $17.9$57.8 million increase in accounts receivable due to highergreater sales, partially offset by a $6.5 million decrease in the fourth quarter of 2018.

inventories.

The decreaseincrease in operating liabilities was due to a $80.4$63.5 million decrease in income taxes, primarily related to a decrease in our transitional tax liability associated with our accumulated foreign earnings under the U.S. Tax Reform Act, a $5.5 million decreaseincrease in other accrued liabilities, and $4.3 million of retirement plans contributions, partially offset by a $13.4$35.1 million increase in customer advance payments and deferred revenue,accrued employee compensation, a $12.9$22.9 million increase in accounts payable, and a $6.3$9.9 million increase in accrued employee compensation due primarily to variable compensation.deferred revenue and customer advance payments, partially offset by a $5.6 million decrease in income taxes, and $5.4 million of retirement plan contributions.

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Investing activities during 20182021 provided cash of $923.0$120.4 million, due to $1,270.4$660.1 million and $846.1$266.5 million in proceeds from maturities and sales of marketable securities, respectively, proceeds from a government subsidy of $7.9 million for property, plant and equipment, and proceeds from life insurance of $1.1 million related to the cash surrender value from the cancellation of a Teradyne owned life insurance policy, partially offset by $918.7$661.8 million used for purchasepurchases of marketable securities, $169.5 million used for the acquisitions of MiR and Energid, and $114.4$132.5 million used for purchases of property, plant and equipment.

equipment, and $12.0 million used for an investment in MachineMetrics, Inc. (“MachineMetrics”).

Financing activities during 20182021 used cash of $903.4$1,008.6 million, due to $823.5$600.0 million used for the repurchase of 21.64.8 million shares of common stock at an average price of $38.06$125.74 per share, $67.3$343.0 million used for the payments of convertible debt principal, $66.0 million used for dividend payments, $20.0and $32.3 million used for payments related to net settlement of employee stock compensation awards, and $13.6 million used for a payment related to Universal Robots acquisition contingent consideration, partially offset by $21.0$32.7 million from the issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase and stock option plans.

In January 2019,2022, May 2019,2022, August 20192022 and November 2019,2022, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.09$0.11 per share. Total dividend payments in 20192022 were $61.3$69.7 million.

In January 2018,2021, May 2018,2021, August 20182021 and November 2018, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.09 per share. Total dividend payments in 2018 were $67.3 million.

In January 2020,2021, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share to be paid on March 20, 2020 to shareholders of record as of February 21, 2020. Payment of future cash dividends are subject to the discretion ofshare. Total dividend payments in 2021 were $66.0 million.

In January 2021, our Board of Directors and will depend, among other things, upon our earnings, capital requirements and financial condition.

In January 2018, our Board of Directors cancelled the December 2016 stock repurchase program and authorizedapproved a new stock repurchase program for up to $1.5$2.0 billion of common stock. In 2019,2022, we repurchased 10.97.3 million shares of common stock for $500.0$752.1 million at an average price of $103.69 per share. In 2021, we repurchased 4.8 million shares of common stock for $600.0 million at an average price of $125.74 per share. The cumulative repurchases as of December 31, 2022, under this repurchase program were 12.0 million shares of common stock for $1,352.1 million at an average price per share of $45.89. In 2018, we repurchased 21.6 million shares of common stock for $823.5 million at an average price per share of $38.06. The cumulative repurchases as of December 31, 2019 totaled 32.5 million shares of common stock for $1,323.0 million at an average price per share of $40.68.
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$112.44.

In January 2020,2023, our Board of Directors cancelled the January 2018 stock2021 repurchase program and approved a new stock repurchase program for up to $1.0$2.0 billion of common stock. We intend to repurchase a minimumup to $500.0 million of $250.0 millioncommon stock in 2020.

2023 subject to market conditions.

While we declared a quarterly cash dividend and authorized a share repurchase program, we may reduce or eliminate the cash dividend or share repurchase program in the future. Future cash dividends and stock repurchases are subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors, which will consider, among other things, our earnings, capital requirements and financial condition.

On May 1, 2020, we entered into a credit agreement providing a three-year, senior secured revolving credit facility of $400 million. On December 10, 2021, the credit agreement was amended to extend the senior secured revolving credit facility to December 10, 2026. On October 5, 2022, the credit agreement was amended to increase the amount of the credit facility to $750.0 million from $400.0 million. As of February 22, 2023, we have not borrowed any funds under the credit facility.

We expect operations to continue to be the primary source of cash to operate the business and meet material cash commitments, including any payments of convertible debt principal, our stock repurchase program, our quarterly dividends, our office lease obligations, contractual obligations related to inventory purchases and the construction of new facilities. We believe our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balance will be sufficient to pay our quarterly dividend execute our authorized share repurchase program and meet our working capital and expenditure needs for at least the next twelve months. Inflation has not had a significant long-term impact on earnings. At this time, the COVID-19 pandemic has not had an impact on our liquidity, but there is no assurance that continued impacts resulting from the pandemic will not have an adverse effect in the future.

At December 31, 2022, our future contractual obligations were related to debt, leases, retirement plan liabilities, deferred tax benefits, and purchase obligations. See Note J. “Debt”, Note I. “Leases”, Note P. “Retirement Plans”, and Note S. “Income Taxes” of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report for information about those obligations, which Notes are incorporated by reference into this section. Our purchase obligations were approximately $654.8 million, with $570.3 million expected to be paid within twelve months.

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Retirement Plans

ASC

715-20,
Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans,
” requires an employer with defined benefit plans or other postretirement benefit plans to recognize an asset or a liability on its balance sheet for the overfunded or underfunded status of the plans as defined by ASC
715-20.
The pension asset or liability represents the difference between the fair value of the pension plan’splans’ assets and the projected benefit obligation as of December 31. For other postretirement benefit plans, the liability is the difference between the fair value of the plan’s assets and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation as of December 31.

For the year ended December 31, 2019,2022, our pension expense,income, which includes the U.S. Qualified Pension Plan (“U.S. Plan”), certain qualified plans for

non-U.S.
subsidiaries, and a U.S. Supplemental Executive Defined Benefit Plan, was approximately $11.6$19.7 million. Pension income/expense is calculated based upon a number of actuarial assumptions. Discount rate and expected return on assets are two assumptions which are important elements of pension plan expense and asset/liability measurement. We evaluate our discount rate and expected rate of return on assets assumptions annually on a plan and country specific basis. We evaluate other assumptions related to demographic factors, such as retirement age, mortality and turnover periodically, and update them to reflect our experience and expectations for the future.

In developing the expected return on U.S. Plan assets assumption, we evaluated input from our investment manager and pension consultants, including their forecast of asset class return expectations. We believe that 4.25%2.0% was an appropriate rate of return on assets to use for 2019.2022. The December 31, 20192022 asset allocation for our U.S. Plan was 94% invested in fixed income securities, 5% invested in equity securities, and 1% invested in other securities. Our investment manager regularly reviews the actual asset allocation and periodically rebalances the portfolio to ensure alignment with our target allocations.

We recognize net actuarial gains and losses and the change in the fair value of plansplan assets in our operating results in the year in which they occur or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. We calculate the expected return on plan assets using the fair value of the plan assets. Actuarial gains and losses are generally measured annually as of December 31 and, accordingly, recorded during the fourth quarter of each year or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans.

The discount rate that we utilized for determining future pension obligations for the U.S. Plan is based on the FTSE Pension Index adjusted for the U.S. Plan’s expected cash flows and was 3.10%4.95% at December 31, 2019, down2022, up from 4.15%2.65% at December 31, 2018.2021. We estimate that in 20202023, we will recognize approximately $0.9$0.4 million of pension expense for the U.S. Plan. The U.S. Plan pension expense estimate for 20202023 is based on a 3.1%4.95% discount rate and a 3.0%4.75% return on assets. Future pension expense or income will depend on future investment performance, changes in future discount rates and various other factors related to the employee population participating in our pension plans.

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As of December 31, 2019,2022, our pension plans had no unrecognized pension prior service cost.

The assets of the U.S. Plan consist substantially of fixed income securities. U.S. Plan assets have increaseddecreased from $144.3$149.6 million at December 31, 20182021 to $166.9$111.8 million at December 31, 20192022, while the U.S. Plan’s liability increaseddecreased from $127.4$134.5 million at December 31, 20182021 to $148.5$100.0 million at December 31, 2019.2022. In 2019,2022, the increasedecrease in plan assets and plan liability was due to a decreasean increase in interest rates. In 2018,2020, the accrued pension obligations for approximately 1,700115 retiree participants were transferred to an insurance company and resulted in a $151.3$24.4 million reduction in the pension benefit obligation and pension assets. We recorded $2.2 million of pension actuarial loss and a settlement loss of $0.3$0.5 million related to the retiree group annuity transaction.

Our funding policy is to make contributions to our pension plans in accordance with local laws and to the extent that such contributions are tax deductible. During 2019,2022, we made contributions of $2.8$3.2 million to the U.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension plan, and $0.9 million to certain qualified plans for non-U.S.

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non-U.S.

subsidiaries. In 2020,2023, we expect to contribute approximately $2.8$3.1 million to the U.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension plan. Contributions to be made in 20202023 to certain qualified plans for

non-U.S.
subsidiaries are based on local statutory requirements and are estimated at approximately $1.0$1.3 million.

Equity Compensation Plans

In addition to our 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan discussed in Note Q:

“Stock-Based “Stock-Based Compensation”
in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we have a 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan (the “2006 Equity Plan”) under which equity securities are authorized for issuance. The 2006 Equity Plan was initially approved by stockholders on May 25, 2006.

At our annual meeting of stockholders held May 21, 2013, our stockholders approved an amendment to the 2006 Equity Plan to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder by 10.0 million, for an aggregate of 32.0 million shares issuable thereunder, and our stockholders also approved an amendment to our 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder by 5.0 million, for an aggregate of 30.4 million shares issuable thereunder. At our annual meeting of stockholders held May 12, 2015, our stockholders approved an amendment to the 2006 Equity Plan to extend its term until May 12, 2025.

At our annual meeting of stockholders held May 7, 2021, our stockholders approved an amendment to our 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder by 3.0 million, for an aggregate of 33.4 million shares issuable thereunder.

The following table presents information about these plans as of December 31, 20192022 (share numbers in thousands):

             
Plan category
 
Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
  
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
  
Number of securities remaining
available for future issuance
under equity compensation
plans (excluding securities
reflected in column one)
 
Equity plans approved by shareholders
  
2,542
(1) $
34.52
   
8,543
(2)
Equity plans not approved by shareholders (3)
  
47
   
2.89
   
—  
 
             
Total
  
2,589
   
29.91
   
8,543
 
             

Plan category

 Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
  Weighted average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
  Number of securities remaining
available for future issuance
under equity compensation
plans (excluding securities
reflected in column one)
 

Equity plans approved by shareholders

  1,505(1)  $55.90   8,954(2) 

(1)

Includes 2,269,4261,317,544 shares of restricted stock units that are not included in the calculation of the weighted average exercise price.

(2)

Consists of 6,719,9185,060,445 securities available for issuance under the 2006 Equity Plan and 1,822,7243,893,933 of securities available for issuance under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

(3)In connection with the 2011 acquisition of LitePoint Corporation (the “LitePoint Acquisition”), we assumed the options granted under the LitePoint Corporation 2002 Stock Plan (the “LitePoint Plan”). Upon the consummation of the LitePoint Acquisition, these options were converted automatically into options to purchase an aggregate of 2,828,344 shares of our common stock. No additional awards were granted under the LitePoint Plan. As of December 31, 2019, there were outstanding options exercisable for an aggregate of
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46,518 shares of our common stock pursuant to the LitePoint Plan, with a weighted average exercise price of $2.89 per share.

The purpose of the 2006 Equity Plan is to motivate employees, officers and directors by providing equity ownership and compensation opportunities in Teradyne. The aggregate number of shares available under the 2006 Equity Plan as of December 31, 20192022 was 6,719,9185,060,445 shares of our common stock. The 2006 Equity Plan authorizes the grant of stock-based awards in the form of (1)

 non-qualified
and incentive stock options, (2) stock appreciation rights, (3) restricted stock awards and restricted stock unit awards, (4) phantom stock, and (5) other stock-based awards. Awards may be tied to time-based vesting schedules and/or performance-based vesting measured by reference to performance criteria chosen by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, which administers the 2006 Equity Plan. Awards may be made to any employee, officer, consultant and advisor of Teradyne and our subsidiaries, as well as, to our directors. The maximum number of shares of stock-based awards that may be granted to one participant during any one fiscal year is 2,000,000 shares of common stock.

As of December 31, 2019,2022, total unrecognized compensation expense related to

non-vested
restricted stock units and options was $45$61.1 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.82.5 years.

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Performance Graph

The following graph compares the change in our cumulative total shareholder return in our common stock with (i) the NYSE CompositeStandard & Poor’s 500 Index and (ii) the Morningstar Global Semiconductor Equipment & Materials GR USD Industry Group (compiled by Morningstar, Inc.).Group. The comparison assumes $100.00 was invested on December 31, 20142017 in our common stock and in each of the foregoing indices and assumes reinvestment of dividends, if any. Historic stock price performance is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

LOGO

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

On January 26, 2017,

For the FASByear ended December 31, 2022, there were no recently issued ASU

2017-04,
“Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment.”
The new guidance removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Goodwill impairment will be the
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amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. All other goodwill impairment guidance will remain largely unchanged. Entities will continue to have the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if a quantitative impairment test is necessary. The same
one-step
impairment test will be applied to goodwill at all reporting units, even those with zeroaccounting pronouncements that had, or negative carrying amounts. Entities will be required to disclose the amount of goodwill at reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. The revised guidance will be applied prospectively, and is effective in 2020. Early adoption is permitted for any impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. This pronouncement is notare expected to have, a material impact onto our consolidated financial position, results of operations and statements of cash flows.
statements.

Item 7A:

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents, marketable securities, forward currency contracts and accounts receivable. Our cash equivalents consist primarily of money market funds invested in U.S. Treasuries and government agencies. Our fixed income

available-for-sale
marketable securities have a minimum rating of AA by one or more of the major credit rating agencies. We place forward currency contracts with high credit-quality financial institutions in order to minimize credit risk exposure. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of geographically dispersed customers. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition and from time to time may require customers to provide a letter of credit from a bank to secure accounts receivable. There were no customers who accounted for more than 10% or more of our accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2019 or2022 and December 31, 2018.
2021.

In addition to market risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, we have an equity price risk related to the fair value of our convertible senior unsecured notes issued in December 2016. In December 2016, Teradyne issued $460 million aggregate principal amount of 1.25% convertible senior unsecured notes (the “Notes”) due December 15, 2023. As of December 31, 2019, 2022, $50.2 million of principal remained outstanding and

43


the Notes had a fair value of $1,010$139.0 million. The table below provides a sensitivity analysis of hypothetical 10% changes of Teradyne’s stock price as of the end of 2019the last quarter of 2022 and the estimated impact on the fair value of the Notes. The selected scenarios are not predictions of future events, but rather are intended to illustrate the effect such event may have on the fair value of the Notes. The fair value of the Notes is subject to equity price risk due to the convertible feature. The fair value of the Notes will generally increase as Teradyne’s common stock price increases and will generally decrease as the common stock price declines in value. The change in stock price affects the fair value of the convertible senior notes,Notes, but does not impact Teradyne’s financial position, cash flows or results of operations due to the fixed nature of the debt obligation. Additionally, we carry the Notes at face value less unamortized discountdebt issuance costs on our balance sheet, and we present the fair value for required disclosure purposes only. In connection with the offering of the Notes we also sold warrants to the option counterparties. These transactions have been accounted for as an adjustment to our shareholders’ equity.warrants. The convertible note hedge transactions are expected to reduce the potential equity dilution upon conversion of the Notes. The warrants along with any shares issuable upon conversion of the Notes will have a dilutive effect on our earnings per share to the extent that the average market price of our common stock for a given reporting period exceeds the applicable strike price or conversion price of the warrants or Notes, respectively.

             
Hypothetical Change in Teradyne Stock Price
 
Fair Value
  
Estimated
change in fair
value
  
Hypothetical percentage
increase (decrease) in
fair value
 
10% Increase
 $
1,103,496
  $
93,221
   
9.2
%
No Change
  
1,010,275
   
—  
   
—  
 
10% Decrease
  
918,822
   
(91,453
)  
(9.1
)
warrants.

Hypothetical Change in Teradyne Stock Price

 Fair Value  Estimated change in fair
value
  Hypothetical
percentage increase
(decrease) in fair value
 

10% Increase

 $152,962  $13,955   10.0

No Change

  139,007   —     —   

10% Decrease

  125,068   (13,939  (10.0

See Note J: “Debt” for further information.

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Exchange Rate Risk Management

We regularly enter into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge the value of our monetary assets and liabilities in Japanese Yen, British Pound, Korean Won, Taiwan Dollar, Singapore Dollar, Euro, Philippine Peso, Chinese Yuan, and Chinese Yuan.Danish Krone. These foreign currency forward contracts have maturities of approximately one month. These contracts are used to minimize the effect of exchange rate fluctuations associated with the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities. We do not engage in currency speculation.

We performed a sensitivity analysis assuming a hypothetical 10% fluctuation in foreign exchange rates to the hedging contracts and the underlying exposures described above. As of December 31, 2019, 2018,2022 and 2017,2021, the analysis indicated that these hypothetical market movements would not have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Interest Rate Risk Management

We are exposed to potential losses due to changes in interest rates. Our interest rate exposure is primarily related to short-term and long-term marketable securities.

In order to estimate the potential loss due to interest rate risk, a fluctuation in interest rates of 25 basis points was assumed. Market risk for the short and long-term marketable securities was estimated as the potential change in the fair value resulting from a hypothetical change in interest rates for securities contained in the investment portfolio. The potential change in the fair value from changes in interest rates is immaterial as of December 31, 20192022 and 2018.2021.

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Item 8:
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the
Board of Directors and Shareholders of Teradyne, Inc.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Teradyne, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, convertible common shares and shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2019,2022, including the related notes and schedule of valuation and qualifying accounts for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 20192022 appearing under Item 15(c) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019,2022, based on criteria established in
Internal Control - Integrated Framework
(2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 20192022 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019,2022, based on criteria established in
Internal Control - Integrated Framework
(2013) issued by the COSO.
Changes in Accounting Principles
As discussed in Note B to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for leasesconvertible debt in 2019 and the manner in which it accounts for revenue from contracts with customers in 2018.2022.
Basis for Opinions
The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an
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understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on
42

the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit mattersmatter communicated below are mattersis a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that werewas communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relaterelates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit mattersmatter below, providing a separate opinionsopinion on the critical audit mattersmatter or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.it relates.
Acquisition
Conversions of AutoGuide, LLC - Valuation of Contingent Consideration and Developed Technology Intangible AssetSenior Unsecured Notes
As described in Notes B D and HJ to the consolidated financial statements, during 2022, forty two holders of the Company completed its acquisition of AutoGuide, LLCCompany’s convertible senior unsecured notes, originally issued on November 13, 2019. The total purchase price of approximately $81.7 million included $57.8December 12, 2016, converted $66.8 million of the senior unsecured notes. The Company may satisfy its conversion obligation by paying cash paid and $24.0 million in fair value of contingent consideration, which was determined by management usingfor the Monte Carlo simulation model. The valuationprincipal amount of the contingent consideration is dependent on the following assumptions: forecasted revenues, revenue volatility, earnings before interestsenior unsecured notes and taxes, and discount rate. As partpaying or delivering cash, shares of the preliminary purchase price allocation, management recorded $24.6 millionCompany’s common stock or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, at management’s election for the acquired developed technology intangible asset at fair value using the income approach. Management’s significant assumption utilizedamount in the approach was the forecasted revenues.excess of principal.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the valuationconversions of contingent consideration and the acquired developed technology intangible asset in the AutoGuide, LLC acquisitionsenior unsecured notes is a critical audit matter are (i) there was athe high degree of auditor judgmentaudit effort in performing procedures and subjectivity in applying procedures relating to the fair value measurementevaluating management’s calculation of the contingent considerationconversion transactions and the acquired developed technology intangible asset due to the significant amount of judgment by management when developing the fair value estimates,related settlement calculations and (ii) significant audit effort was required in evaluating the significant assumptions relating to the estimates, including forecasted revenues, revenue volatility, earnings before interest and taxes, and discount rate for the contingent consideration, and the forecasted revenues for the acquired developed technology intangible asset, and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in performing procedures and evaluating the audit evidence obtained.
43
knowledge.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the acquisition accounting, including controls over management’s valuation of contingent consideration and the acquired developed technology intangible asset. These procedures also included, among others, (i) reading the purchase agreement, (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of the approaches and reasonableness of the significant assumptions used by management in developing the fair value for the contingent consideration and acquired developed technology intangible asset, including the forecasted revenues, revenue volatility, earnings before interest and taxes, and discount rate for the contingent consideration and the forecasted revenues for the acquired developed technology intangible asset, and (iii) testing the completeness, accuracy and relevance of the underlying data used in the approaches. Evaluating whether the significant assumptions used were reasonable involved evaluating historical results and consistency with external industry and market data. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in the evaluation of the appropriateness of management’s Monte Carlo simulation model for the contingent consideration and the income approach for the acquired developed technology intangible asset, as well as the reasonableness of certain significant assumptions, including the discount rate.
Goodwill Impairment Assessment – Mobile Industrial Robots Reporting Unit
As described in Notes B and L to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s consolidated goodwill balance was $416.4 million as of December 31, 2019, and the goodwill associated with the Mobile Industrial Robots reporting unit was $123.6 million. Management assesses goodwill for impairment at least annually in the fourth quarter, as of December 31, on a reporting unit basis, or more frequently when events and circumstances occur indicating that the recorded goodwill may be impaired. As disclosed by management, if the book value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the implied fair value of goodwill is compared with the carrying amount of goodwill. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded in an amount equal to that excess. Management determines the fair value of a reporting unit using the results derived from an income approach and a market approach, and weighting the fair value determined under each approach to determine an estimated fair value for a reporting unit. Management’s estimate of fair value for the Mobile Industrial Robots reporting unit, using the income approach, utilized the following significant assumptions: forecasted revenues, discount rate and earnings before interest and taxes. The determination of fair value of the Mobile Industrial Robots reporting unit using the market approach utilized the following significant assumptions: revenue multiples from comparable companies.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the goodwill impairment assessment of the Mobile Industrial Robots reporting unit is a critical audit matter are (i) there was a high degree of auditor judgment and subjectivity in applying procedures relating to the fair value measurement of the reporting unit due to the significant judgment by management when developing the fair value measurement of the reporting unit, (ii) significant audit effort was required in performing procedures and evaluating the audit evidence obtained relating to management’s fair value estimate and significant assumptions, including forecasted revenues, discount rate, and earnings before interest and taxes for the income approach and revenue multiples from comparable companies for the market approach, and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in performing these procedures and evaluating the audit evidence obtained.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s goodwill impairment assessment, includingreview of conversion transactions related to the Company’s senior unsecured notes, which included controls overrelated to the valuation of the Mobile Industrial Robots reporting unit.conversion values and related settlement calculations. These procedures also included, among others, testing management’s process for developing the fair value estimate,on a test basis (i) evaluating the appropriateness of the income approach and market approach, including the weighting of estimated fair value between the two approaches, testing the completeness, accuracy and relevance of underlying data used in the valuation approaches and evaluating the significant assumptions used by management, including forecasted revenues, discount rate,conversion
4446

earnings before interest
and taxes,settlement accounting; (ii) testing the completeness and revenue multiples from comparable companies. Evaluating management’s assumptions related to the forecasted revenues and earnings before interest and taxes involved assessing whether the assumptions used by management were reasonable considering the past performanceaccuracy of the reporting unitconversion values; and (iii) recalculating the consistency of the assumptions with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Evaluating the market approach involved assessing whether the revenue multiples used by management were reasonable by comparing to revenue multiples for comparable companies.settlement amounts. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in the evaluation of the Company’s income approachappropriateness of the conversion and market approach, including the weighting of estimated fair value between the two approaches and certain significant assumptions, including the discount rate.settlement accounting.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
March 2, 2020
February 22, 2023
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1968.
4547

TERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
         
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
(in thousands, except per
share information)
 
ASSETS
      
Current assets:
      
Cash and cash equivalents
 $
773,924
  $
926,752
 
Marketable securities
  
137,303
   
190,096
 
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,736 and $1,673 in 2019 and 2018, respectively
  
362,368
   
291,267
 
Inventories, net
  
196,691
   
153,541
 
Prepayments and other current assets
  
188,598
   
170,826
 
         
Total current assets
  
1,658,884
   
1,732,482
 
Property, plant and equipment, net
  
320,216
   
279,821
 
Operating lease
right-of-use
assets, net
  
57,539
   
—  
 
Marketable securities
  
104,490
   
87,731
 
Deferred tax assets
  
75,185
   
70,848
 
Retirement plans assets
  
18,457
   
16,883
 
Other assets
  
10,332
   
11,509
 
Acquired intangible assets, net
  
125,480
   
125,482
 
Goodwill
  
416,431
   
381,850
 
         
Total assets
 $
 
2,787,014
  $
2,706,606
 
         
LIABILITIES
      
Current liabilities:
      
Accounts payable
 $
126,617
  $
100,688
 
Accrued employees’ compensation and withholdings
  
163,883
   
148,566
 
Deferred revenue and customer advances
  
104,876
   
77,711
 
Other accrued liabilities
  
70,871
   
78,272
 
Operating lease liabilities
  
19,476
   
—  
 
Contingent consideration
  
9,106
   
34,865
 
Income taxes payable
  
44,200
   
36,185
 
         
Total current liabilities
  
539,029
   
476,287
 
Retirement plans liabilities
  
134,471
   
117,456
 
Long-term deferred revenue and customer advances
  
45,974
   
32,750
 
Long-term contingent consideration
  
30,599
   
35,678
 
Deferred tax liabilities
  
14,070
   
20,662
 
Long-term other accrued liabilities
  
19,535
   
37,547
 
Long-term operating lease liabilities
  
45,849
   
—  
 
Long-term income taxes payable
  
82,642
   
83,891
 
Debt
  
394,687
   
379,981
 
         
Total liabilities
  
1,306,856
   
1,184,252
 
         
Commitments and contingencies (Note M)
      
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
      
Common stock, $0.125 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, 166,410 and 175,522 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively
  
20,801
   
21,940
 
Additional
paid-in
capital
  
1,720,129
   
1,671,645
 
Accumulated other comprehensive los
s
  
(18,854
)  
(13,040
)
Accumulated deficit
  
(241,918
)  
(158,191
)
         
Total shareholders’ equity
  
1,480,158
   
1,522,354
 
         
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
 $
2,787,014
  $
2,706,606
 
         
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2022
  
2021
 
   
(in thousands, except per
share amount)
 
ASSETS
         
Current assets:
         
Cash and cash equivalents
  $854,773  $1,122,199 
Marketable securities
   39,612   244,231 
Accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses of $1,955 and $2,012 in 2022 and 2021, respectively
   491,145   550,749 
Inventories, net
   325,019   243,330 
Prepayments
   532,962   406,266 
Other current assets
   14,404   9,452 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total current assets
   2,257,915   2,576,227 
Property, plant and equipment, net
   418,683   387,240 
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
   73,734   68,807 
Marketable securities
   110,777   133,858 
Deferred tax assets
   142,784   102,428 
Retirement plans assets
   11,761   15,110 
Other assets
   28,925   24,096 
Acquired intangible assets, net
   53,478   75,635 
Goodwill
   403,195   426,024 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total assets
  $3,501,252  $3,809,425 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
         
Current liabilities:
         
Accounts payable
  $139,722  $153,133 
Accrued employees’ compensation and withholdings
   212,266   253,667 
Deferred revenue and customer advances
   148,285   146,185 
Other accrued liabilities
   112,271   124,187 
Operating lease liabilities
   18,594   19,977 
Income taxes payable
   65,010   88,789 
Current debt
   50,115   19,182 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total current liabilities
   746,263   805,120 
Retirement plans liabilities
   116,005   151,141 
Long-term deferred revenue and customer advances
   45,131   54,921 
Deferred tax liabilities
   3,267   6,327 
Long-term other accrued liabilities
   15,981   15,497 
Long-term operating lease liabilities
   64,176   56,178 
Long-term income taxes payable
   59,135   67,041 
Debt
   —     89,244 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total liabilities
   1,049,958   1,245,469 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
Commitments and contingencies (Note M)
         
Mezzanine equity:
         
Convertible common shares
   —     1,512 
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
         
Common stock, $0.125 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, 155,759 and 162,251
shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively
   19,470   20,281 
Additional paid-in capital
   1,755,963   1,811,545 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
   (49,868  (5,948
Retained earnings
   725,729   736,566 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity
   2,451,294   2,562,444 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total liabilities, convertible common shares and shareholders’ equity
  $3,501,252  $3,809,425 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
48

4
6

TERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Revenues:
         
Products
 $
1,887,674
  $
1,729,621
  $
1,784,695
 
Services
  
407,291
   
371,181
   
351,911
 
             
Total revenues
  
2,294,965
   
2,100,802
   
2,136,606
 
Cost of revenues:
         
Cost of products
  
782,047
   
727,138
   
760,967
 
Cost of services
  
173,089
   
153,270
   
154,186
 
             
Total cost of revenues (exclusive of acquired intangible assets amortization shown separately below)
  
955,136
   
880,408
   
915,153
 
             
Gross profit
  
1,339,829
   
1,220,394
   
1,221,453
 
Operating expenses:
         
Selling and administrative
  
437,084
   
390,669
   
348,913
 
Engineering and development
  
322,824
   
301,505
   
307,305
 
Acquired intangible assets amortization
  
40,147
   
39,191
   
30,530
 
Restructuring and other
  
(13,880
)  
15,232
   
9,362
 
             
Total operating expenses
  
786,175
   
746,597
   
696,110
 
             
Income from operations
  
553,654
   
473,797
   
525,343
 
Non-operating
(income) expenses:
         
Interest income
  
(24,785
)  
(26,704
)  
(17,805
)
Interest expense
  
23,145
   
31,269
   
21,663
 
Other (income) expense, net
  
29,522
   
1,431
   
(2,927
)
             
Income before income taxes
  
525,772
   
467,801
   
524,412
 
Income tax provision
  
58,304
   
16,022
   
266,720
 
             
Net income
 $
467,468
  $
451,779
  $
257,692
 
             
Net income per common share:
         
Basic
 $
2.74
  $
2.41
  $
1.30
 
             
Diluted
 $
2.60
  $
2.35
  $
1.28
 
             
Weighted average common shares—basic
  
170,425
   
187,672
   
198,069
 
             
Weighted average common shares—diluted
  
179,459
   
192,605
   
201,641
 
             
Cash dividend declared per common share
 $
0.36
  $
0.36
  $
0.28
 
             
   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
   
(in thousands, except per share amount)
 
Revenues:
             
Products
  $2,591,572  $3,196,575  $2,690,906 
Services
   563,473   506,306   430,563 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total revenues
   3,155,045   3,702,881   3,121,469 
Cost of revenues:
             
Cost of products
   1,042,555   1,300,106   1,157,476 
Cost of services
   245,339   196,119   178,252 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total cost of revenues (exclusive of acquired intangible assets amortization shown separately below)
   1,287,894   1,496,225   1,335,728 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Gross profit
   1,867,151   2,206,656   1,785,741 
Operating expenses:
             
Selling and administrative
   558,103   547,559   464,769 
Engineering and development
   440,591   427,609   374,964 
Acquired intangible assets amortization
   19,333   21,456   30,803 
Restructuring and other
   17,185   9,312   (13,202
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total operating expenses
   1,035,212   1,005,936   857,334 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Income from operations
   831,939   1,200,720   928,407 
Non-operating (income) expenses:
             
Interest income
   (6,379  (2,627  (5,982
Interest expense
   3,719   17,820   24,182 
Other (income) expense, net
   (5,786  24,572   9,192 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Income before income taxes
   840,385   1,160,955   901,015 
Income tax provision
   124,884   146,366   116,868 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Net income
  $715,501  $1,014,589  $784,147 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Net income per common share:
             
Basic
  $4.52  $6.15  $4.72 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Diluted
  $4.22  $5.53  $4.28 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares—basic
   158,434   164,960   166,120 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares—diluted
   169,734   183,625   183,042 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
4
479

TERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
             
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Net income 
 $
467,468
  $
451,779
  $
257,692
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
         
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax of $0, $0, $0
  
(10,991
)  
(28,442
)  
37,840
 
Available-for-sale
marketable securities:
         
Unrealized
gains
 
(losses) on 
deb
t
 securities arising during period, net of tax of $1,659, $(722), $1,903, respectively
  
6,015
   
(2,110
)  
1,863
 
Less: Reclassification adjustment for (gains)
losses
 
included
in net income, net of tax of $(192), $(21), $(297), respectively
  
(690
)  
1,337
   
(441
)
             
  
5,325
   
(773
)  
1,422
 
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans:
         
Amortization of prior service
benefit
included in net periodic pension and post-retirement
benefit
, net of tax $(43), $(71), $(154), respectively
  
(148
)  
(245
)  
(272
)
             
Other comprehensive (loss) income
  
(5,814
)  
(29,460
)  
38,990
 
             
Comprehensive income 
 $
461,654
  $
422,319
  $
296,682
 
             
 
   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Net income
  $715,501  $1,014,589  $784,147 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
             
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax of $0, $0, $0, respectively
   (29,031  (36,207  48,903 
Available-for-sale marketable securities:
             
Unrealized (losses) gains on marketable securities arising during
 
period, net of tax of $(
3,388
),
$(
578
), $
1,629
, respectively
   (12,666  (2,255  5,839 
Less: Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income, net of tax of $25, $(277), $(665), respectively
   301   (995  (2,365
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
    (12,365  (3,250  3,474 
Cash flow hedges:
             
Unrealized losses arising during period, net of tax of $(708), $0, $0, respectively
   (2,517  —     —   
Defined benefit post-retirement plan:
             
Amortization of prior service credit, net of tax $(2), $(2), $(2), respectively
   (7  (7  (7
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Other comprehensive (loss) income
   (43,920  (39,464  52,370 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Comprehensive income
  $671,581  $975,125  $836,517 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
5
4
80

TERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONVERTIBLE COMMON SHARES
AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                         
 
Common
Stock
Shares
 
 
Common
Stock
 
Par
Value
 
 
Additional
Paid-in

Capital
 
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
 
 
Retained
Earnings
(Accumulated
Deficit)
 
 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Year Ended December 31, 2016
  
199,177
  $
24,897
  $
1,593,684
  $
(20,214
) $
230,292
  $
1,828,659
 
Net issuance of common stock under stock-based plans
  
2,211
   
277
   
10,747
         
11,024
 
Stock-based compensation expense
        
33,982
         
33,982
 
Repurchase of common stock
  
(5,840
)  
(730
)        
(199,574
)  
(200,304
)
Tax benefit related to stock options and restricted stock units
              
39,081
   
39,081
 
Cash dividends ($0.07 per share)
              
(55,478
)  
(55,478
)
Net income
              
257,692
   
257,692
 
Other comprehensive income
           
38,990
      
38,990
 
                         
Year Ended December 31, 2017
  
195,548
   
24,444
   
1,638,413
   
18,776
   
272,013
   
1,953,646
 
Net issuance of common stock under stock-based plans
  
1,613
   
201
   
(72
)        
129
 
Stock-based compensation expense
        
33,304
         
33,304
 
Repurchase of common stock
  
(21,639
)  
(2,705
)        
(829,651
)  
(832,356
)
Cash dividends ($0.09 per share)
              
(67,367
)  
(67,367
)
Net income
              
451,779
   
451,779
 
Other comprehensive loss
           
(29,460
)     
(29,460
)
Reclassification of unrealized gains on equity securities
           
(3,125
)  
3,125
   
—  
 
Reclassification of tax effects resulting from the Tax Reform Act
           
769
   
(769
)  
—  
 
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle related to revenue recognition
              
12,679
   
12,679
 
                         
Year Ended December 31, 2018
  
175,522
   
21,940
   
1,671,645
   
(13,040
)  
(158,191
)  
1,522,354
 
Net issuance of common stock under stock-based plans
  
1,784
   
223
   
10,399
         
10,622
 
Stock-based compensation expense
        
38,085
         
38,085
 
Repurchase of common stock
  
(10,896
)  
(1,362
)        
(489,840
)  
(491,202
)
Cash dividends ($0.09 per share)
              
(61,355
)  
(61,355
)
Net income
              
467,468
   
467,468
 
Other comprehensive loss
           
(5,814
)     
(5,814
)
                         
Year Ended December 31, 2019
  
166,410
  $
20,801
  $
1,720,129
  $
(18,854
) $
(241,918
) $
1,480,158
 
                         
 
     
Shareholders’ Equity
 
  
Convertible
Common
Shares
Value
  
Common
Stock
Shares
  
Common
Stock
Par
Value
  
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
  
(Accumulated
Deficit)
Retained
Earnings
  
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 
  
(in thousands)
 
Year Ended December 31, 2019
 $—     166,410  $20,801  $1,720,129  $(18,854 $(241,918 $1,480,158 
Net issuance of common stock under stock-based plans
      1,230   154   4,696           4,850 
Stock-based compensation expense
              44,285           44,285 
Repurchase of common stock
      (1,517  (190          (88,275  (88,465
Cash dividends ($0.40 per share)
                      (66,540  (66,540
Convertible common shares
  3,787           (3,787          (3,787
Net income
                      784,147   784,147 
Other comprehensive income
                  52,370       52,370 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2020
  3,787   166,123   20,765   1,765,323   33,516   387,414   2,207,018 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Net issuance of common stock under stock-based plans
      899   113   (225          (112
Stock-based compensation expense
              45,632           45,632 
Repurchase of common stock
      (4,771  (597          (599,403  (600,000
Cash dividends ($0.40 per share)
                      (66,034  (66,034
Settlements of convertible notes
      8,148   1,018   984,622           985,640 
Exercise of convertible notes hedge call options
      (8,148)  (1,018  (986,082          (987,100
Convertible common shares
  (2,275          2,275           2,275 
Net income
                      1,014,589   1,014,589 
Other comprehensive loss
                  (39,464      (39,464
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2021
  1,512   162,251   20,281   1,811,545   (5,948  736,566   2,562,444 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Net issuance of common stock under stock-based plans
      761   96   (4,471          (4,375
Stock-based compensation expense
              48,466           48,466 
Repurchase of common stock
      (7,253  (907          (751,175  (752,082
Cash dividends ($0.44 per share)
                      (69,763  (69,763
Settlements of convertible notes
      1,495   187   (442          (255
Exercise of convertible notes hedge call options
      (1,495  (187  187           —   
Convertible common shares
  (1,512          1,512           1,512 
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle related to convertible debt
              (100,834      94,600   (6,234
Net income
                      715,501   715,501 
Other comprehensive loss
                  (43,920      (43,920
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
 $—     155,759  $19,470  $1,755,963  $(49,868 $725,729  $2,451,294 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
5
4
91

TERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
 
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
467,468
 
 
$
451,779
 
 
$
257,692
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income from operations to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation
 
 
70,834
 
 
 
67,415
 
 
 
66,122
 
Amortization
 
 
49,821
 
 
 
45,809
 
 
 
41,953
 
Stock-based compensation
 
 
37,897
 
 
 
33,577
 
 
 
34,097
 
Deferred taxes
 
 
(9,456
 
 
28,340
 
 
 
37,105
 
Provision for excess and obsolete inventory
 
 
15,244
 
 
 
11,242
 
 
 
8,844
 
Investment impairment
 
  15,000   —     —   
Contingent consideration fair value adjustment
 
 
(19,257
 
 
987
 
 
 
7,820
 
(Gains) losses on investments
 
 
(6,033
 
 
3,494
 
 
 
(878
)
Retirement plans actuarial
losses (
gain
s)
 
 
8,176
 
 
 
(3,316
)
 
 
(6,624
)
Property insurance recovery, net
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(4,309
)
Other
 
 
766
 
 
 
1,083
 
 
 
1,585
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of businesses acquired:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
 
 
(70,440
 
 
(17,938
)
 
 
(80,584
)
Inventories
 
 
(27,408
)
 
 
(29,498
)
 
 
44,960
 
Prepayments and other assets
 
 
(23,784
)
 
 
(58,402
)
 
 
2,254
 
Accounts payable and other
liabilit
ies
 
 
49,279
 
 
 
13,693
 
 
 
43,574
 
Deferred revenue and customer advances
 
 
39,313
 
 
 
13,379
 
 
 
4,984
 
Retirement plan contributions
 
 
(5,086
 
 
(4,334
)
 
 
(5,902
)
Income taxes
 
 
(13,584
)
 
 
(80,429
)
 
 
173,802
 
             
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
 
578,750
 
 
 
476,881
 
 
 
626,495
 
             
Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
 
 
(134,642
 
 
(114,379
)
 
 
(105,375
)
Proceeds from government subsidy for property, plant and equipment
 
 
 
 
 
7,920
 
 
 
—  
 
Purchases of marketable securities
 
 
(662,701
 
 
(918,744
)
 
 
(1,391,917
)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities
 
 
611,927
 
 
 
1,270,439
 
 
 
701,681
 
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities
 
 
105,586
 
 
 
846,122
 
 
 
527,746
 
Proceeds from insurance
 
 
2,912
 
 
 
1,126
 
 
 
5,064
 
Purchase of investment and acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
 
 
(79,742
 
 
(169,474
)
 
 
—  
 
             
Net cash
(used for)
provided by investing activities
 
 
(156,660
)
 
 
923,010
 
 
 
(262,801
)
             
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Issuance of common stock under stock purchase and stock option plans
 
 
29,312
 
 
 
20,973
 
 
 
24,493
 
Repurchase of common stock
 
 
(500,000
 
 
(823,478
)
 
 
(200,304
)
Dividend payments
 
 
(61,305
)
 
 
(67,322
)
 
 
(55,447
)
Payments related to net settlement of employee stock compensation awards
 
 
(14,741
)
 
 
(20,023
)
 
 
(12,881
)
Payments of contingent consideration
 
 
(27,615
)
 
 
(13,571
)
 
 
(1,050
)
Net cash used for financing activities
 
 
(574,349
)
 
 
(903,421
)
 
 
(245,189
)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
 
 
(569
)
 
 
439
 
 
 
3,454
 
(Decrease)
Increase in cash and cash equivalents
 
 
(152,828
)
 
 
496,909
 
 
 
121,959
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
 
 
926,752
 
 
 
429,843
 
 
 
307,884
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
 
$
773,924
 
 
$
926,752
 
 
$
429,843
 
Supplementary disclosure of cash flow information:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash paid for:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest
 
$
5,996
 
 
$
6,205
 
 
$
6,446
 
Income taxes
 
$
81,410
 
 
$
72,811
 
 
$
53,775
 
   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
             
Net income
  $715,501  $1,014,589  $784,147 
Adjustments to reconcile net income from operations to net cash provided by operating activities:
             
Depreciation
   90,763   91,073   80,119 
Stock-based compensation
   48,228   45,643   44,906 
Provision for excess and obsolete inventory
   31,452   15,475   17,534 
Amortization
   19,912   34,412   46,624 
Deferred taxes
   (38,693  (17,305  (15,688
Retirement plans actuarial (gains) losses
   (25,584  (2,217  10,284 
Losses (gains) on investments
   9,985   (6,410  (7,898
Gains on sale of asset
   (3,410  —     —   
Loss on convertible debt conversion
   —     28,828   —   
Contingent consideration fair value adjustment
   —     (7,227  (23,271
Other
   2,353   271   1,557 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of businesses acquired:
             
Accounts receivable
   50,628   (57,778  (129,451
Inventories
   (80,809  6,495   (8,438
Prepayments and other assets
   (140,713  (175,846  (64,418
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses
   (60,507  129,499   73,167 
Deferred revenue and customer advances
   (6,233  9,873   39,974 
Retirement plan contributions
   (5,116  (5,405  (5,382
Income taxes
   (29,834  (5,604  25,169 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
   577,923   1,098,366   868,935 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Cash flows from investing activities:
             
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
   (163,249  (132,472  (184,977
Purchases of marketable securities
   (287,409  (661,781  (900,196
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities
   222,941   660,148   479,678 
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities
   268,058   266,466   35,006 
Proceeds from sale of asset
   3,410   —     —   
Purchase of investment and acquisition of business
   —     (12,000  149 
Proceeds from insurance
   —     —     546 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities
   43,751   120,361   (569,794
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
             
Repurchase of common stock
   (752,082  (600,000  (88,465
Payments of convertible debt principal
   (66,759  (342,990  —   
Dividend payments
   (69,711  (65,977  (66,482
Payments related to net settlement of employee stock compensation awards
   (33,170  (32,303  (23,014
Issuance of common stock under stock purchase and stock option plans
   28,733   32,686   28,527 
Payments of contingent consideration
   —     —     (8,852
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Net cash used for financing activities
   (892,989  (1,008,584  (158,286
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
   3,889   (2,065  (658
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
   (267,426  208,078   140,197 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
   1,122,199   914,121   773,924 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $854,773  $1,122,199  $914,121 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Supplementary disclosure of cash flow information:
             
Cash paid for:
             
Interest
  $1,498  $4,236  $6,435 
Income taxes
  $193,246  $172,134  $106,577 
Non-cash investing activities:
             
Capital expenditures incurred but not yet paid:
  $1,826  $1,973  $3,666 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
5
02

TERADYNE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
A.
A.    THE COMPANY
Teradyne, Inc. (“Teradyne”) is a leading global supplier of automationautomated test equipment for test and industrial applications.robotics solutions. Teradyne designs, develops, manufactures and sells automatic test systems and robotics products. Teradyne’s automatic test systems are used to test semiconductors, wireless products, data storage and complex electronics systems in themany industries including consumer electronics, wireless, automotive, industrial, computing, communications, and aerospace and defense industries. Teradyne’s industrial automationrobotics products include collaborative robotic arms, autonomous mobile robots, and advanced robotic control software used by global manufacturing, logistics and light industrial customers to improve quality, increase manufacturing and material handling efficiency and decrease manufacturing and logistics costs. Teradyne’s automatic test equipment and industrial automationrobotics products and services include:
semiconductor test (“Semiconductor Test”) systems;
industrial automationstorage and system level test (“Industrial Automation”Storage Test”) products;
systems, defense/aerospace (“Defense/Aerospace”) test instrumentation and systems, storage test (“Storage Test”) systems, and circuit-board test and inspection (“Production Board Test”) systems (collectively these products represent “System Test”); and
wireless test (“Wireless Test”) systems.
On February 26, 2018, Teradyne acquired Energid Technologies Corporation (“Energid”) for a total purchase price of approximately $27.6 million.
Energid’s technology enablessystems; and simplifies the programming of complex robotic motions used in a wide variety of end markets, ranging from heavy industry to healthcare, utilizing both traditional robots and collaborative robots.
Energid is included in Teradyne’s Industrial Automation segment.
On April 25, 2018, Teradyne acquired Mobile Industrial Robots ApS (“MiR”), a Danish limited liability company
.
MiR is
a
 leading maker of collaborative autonomous mobile robots (“AMRs”) for industrial applications. The total purchase price was approximately $197.68 million, which included cash paid
of
approximately
$145.2 million
a
nd
$52.6 million 
in fair value
 of contingent consideration payable upon achievement of certain thresholds and targets for revenue and earnings before interest and taxes through 2020.
Contingent consideration for 2018 was $30.8 million and was paid in March 2019. Contingent consideration for 2019 was $9.1 million and is expected to be paid in March 2020.
The maximum payment for the remaining MiR contingent consideration that could be paid is $63.2 million.
MiR 
is
included in
Teradyne
’s Industrial Automation segment.
On January 30, 2019, Teradyne acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Lemsys SA (“Lemsys”) for a total purchase price of approximately $9.1 million. Lemsys strengthens Teradyne’s position in the electrification of vehicles, solar and wind power, and industrial applications. Lemsys is included in Teradyne’s Semiconductor Test segment.
On June 3, 2019, Teradyne invested $15.0 million in RealWear, Inc. (“RealWear”). RealWear, a private company, develops and sells advanced wearable technology including industrial, hands-free, head-mounted augmented reality devices that make the workplace safer and more productive. On February 28, 2020, RealWear’s debt holder demanded repayment of its $25.0 million loan to RealWear. As a result, in the fourth quarter of 2019, Teradyne recorded an impairment charge of $15.0 million to reduce its investment in RealWear to 0 as of December 31, 2019.
On November 1
3
, 2019
,
 Teradyne acquired 100% of the
membership interests
of AutoGuide, LLC (“AutoGuide”), a maker of high
payload AMRs, an emerging and fast growing segment of the global forklift market
.
T
he total purchase price was approximately $81.7 million, which included cash paid of approximately
 
5
1

robotics (“Robotics”) products.

$57.8 million and $24.0 million
in fair value of contingent consideration payable upon achievement of certain performance targets, extending potentially through 2022. The maximum contingent consideration that could be paid
 
is $106.9 
million. AutoGuide’s AMRs are used for material transport of payloads up to
4,500
kg in manufacturing, warehouse and logistics applications. These products complement MiR’s lower payload products. AutoGuide is included in our Industrial Automation segment.
B.
B.    ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Teradyne and its wholly-ownedwholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated. Certain prior years’ amounts were reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Preparation of Financial Statements and Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent liabilities. On an
on-going
basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to inventories, investments, goodwill, intangible and other long-lived assets, accounts receivable, income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities, pensions, warranties,
contingent
consideration liabil
ities
,
liabilities, and loss contingencies. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on appropriate and customary assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and our markets. Management is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to its estimates or judgments or a revision of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities as of the date of issuance of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These estimates may change, as new events occur and additional information is obtained. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates.estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
5
3

Revenue Recognition
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Teradyne adopted Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) 606 
Revenue from Contracts with Customers”
on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method for all contracts not completed as of the date of adoption. 
In accordance with ASC 606, Teradyne recognizes revenues, when or as control is transferred to a customer. Teradyne’s determination of revenue is dependent upon a five stepfive-step process outlined below.
Teradyne accounts for a contract with a customer when there is written approval, the contract is committed, the rights of the parties, including payment terms, are identified, the contract has commercial substance and consideration is probable of collection.
Teradyne periodically enters into contracts with customers in which a customer may purchase a combination of goods and services, such as products with extended warranty obligations. Teradyne determines performance obligations by assessing whether the products or services are distinct from the other elements of the contract. In order to be distinct, the product or service must perform either on its own or with readily available resources and must be separate within the context of the contract.
Teradyne considersdetermines the amount stated on the face of the purchase ordertransaction price to be the transaction price.amount of consideration to which Teradyne does not have material variable consideration which could impact the stated purchase price agreedexpects to by Teradyne and the customer.be entitled to.
Transaction price is allocated to each individual performance obligation based on the standalone selling price of that performance obligation. Teradyne uses standalone transactions when available to value each performance obligation. If standalone transactions are not available, Teradyne will estimate the standalone selling price through market assessments or cost plus a reasonable margin analysis. Any discounts from standalone selling price are spread proportionally to each performance obligation.
 
5
2

In order to determine the appropriate timing for revenue recognition, Teradyne first determines if the transaction meets any of three criteria for over time recognition. If the transaction meets the criteria for over time recognition, Teradyne recognizes revenue as the good or service is delivered. Teradyne uses input variables such as hours or months utilized or costs incurred to determine the amount of revenue to recognize in a given period. Input variables are used as they best align consumption with benefit to the customer. For transactions that do not meet the criteria for over time recognition, Teradyne will recognize revenue at a point in time based on an assessment of the five criteria for transfer of control. Teradyne has concluded that revenue should be recognized when shipped or delivered based on contractual terms. Typically, acceptance of Teradyne’s products and services is a formality as Teradyne delivers similar systems, instruments and robots to standard specifications. In cases where acceptance is not deemed a formality, Teradyne will defer revenue recognition until customer acceptance.
Performance Obligations
Products
Teradyne products consist primarily of semiconductor test systems and instruments, defense/aerospace test instrumentation and systems, storage test systems and instruments, circuit-board test and inspection systems and instruments, industrial automation products and wireless test systems.systems and robotics products. Teradyne’s hardware is recognized at a point in time upon transfer of control to the customer.
Services
Teradyne services consist of extended warranties, training and application support, service agreement,agreements, post contract customer support (“PCS”) and replacement parts. Each service is recognized based on relative standalone selling price. Extended warranty, training and support, service agreements and PCS are recognized over time based on the period of service. Replacement parts are recognized at a point in time upon transfer of control to the customer.
Teradyne does not allow customer returns or provide refunds to customers for any products or services. Teradyne products include a standardstanda
12-month
rd
 12
-month warranty. This warranty is not considered a distinct performance
5
4

obligation because it does not obligate Teradyne to provide a separate service to the customer and it cannot be purchased separately. Cost related to warrantywarranties are included in cost of revenues when product revenues are recognized.
As of December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, deferred revenue and customer advances consisted of the following and are included in the short and long-term deferred revenue and customer advances:
         
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Maintenance
, service
and training
 $
63,815
  $
58,362
 
Extended warranty
  
30,677
   
27,422
 
Customer advances, undelivered elements and other
  
56,358
   
24,677
 
         
Total deferred revenue and customer advances
 $
150,850
  $
110,461
 
         
 
53

   
2022
   
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Maintenance, service and training
  $78,089   $81,826 
Customer advances, undelivered elements and other
   59,147    55,112 
Extended warranty
   56,180    64,168 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total deferred revenue and customer advances
  $193,416   $201,106 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Product Warranty
Teradyne generally provides a
one-year
warranty on its products, commencing upon installation, acceptance or shipment. A provision is recorded upon revenue recognition to cost of revenues for estimated warranty expense based on historical experience. Related costs are charged to the warranty accrual as incurred. The balance below is included in other accrued liabilities:
     
 
Amount
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2016
 $
7,203
 
Accruals for warranties issued during the period
  
14,223
 
Accruals related to
pre-existing
warranties
  
(379
)
Settlements made during the period
  
(12,847
)
     
Balance at December 31, 2017
  
8,200
 
Acquisition
  
41
 
Accruals for warranties issued during the period
  
13,045
 
Accruals related to
pre-existing
warranties
  
921
 
Settlements made during the period
  
(14,298
)
     
Balance at December 31, 2018
  
7,909
 
Acquisition
  
14
 
Accruals for warranties issued during the period
  
14,106
 
Accruals related to
pre-existing
warranties
  
4,026
 
Settlements made during the period
  
(17,059
)
     
Balance at December 31, 2019
 $
8,996
 
 
   
Amount
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2019
  $8,996 
Accruals for warranties issued during the period
   28,490 
Accruals related to pre-existing warranties
   821 
Settlements made during the period
   (21,674
   
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2020
   16,633 
Accruals for warranties issued during the period
   35,727 
Accruals related to pre-existing warranties
   (6,846
Settlements made during the period
   (20,937
   
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2021
   24,577 
Accruals for warranties issued during the period
   21,851 
Accruals related to pre-existing warranties
   (5,618
Settlements made during the period
   (26,629
   
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2022
  $14,181 
   
 
 
 
 
5
5

When Teradyne receives revenue for extended warranties, beyond one year, it is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract period. Related costs are expensed as incurred. The balance below is included in short and long-term deferred revenue and customer advances:
     
 
Amount
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2016
 $
28,200
 
Deferral of new extended warranty revenue
  
20,513
 
Recognition of extended warranty deferred revenue
  
(24,275
)
     
Balance at December 31, 2017
  
24,438
 
Deferral of new extended warranty revenue
  
23,753
 
Recognition of extended warranty deferred revenue
  
(20,769
)
     
Balance at December 31, 2018
  
27,422
 
Deferral of new extended warranty revenue
  
23,271
 
Recognition of extended warranty deferred revenue
  
(20,016
)
     
Balance at December 31, 2019
 $
30,677
 
     
 
   
Amount
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2019
  $30,677 
Deferral of new extended warranty revenue
   41,694 
Recognition of extended warranty deferred revenue
   (20,442
   
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2020
   51,929 
Deferral of new extended warranty revenue
   43,597 
Recognition of extended warranty deferred revenue
   (31,358
   
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2021
   64,168 
Deferral of new extended warranty revenue
   33,686 
Recognition of extended warranty deferred revenue
   (41,674
   
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2022
  $56,180 
   
 
 
 
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The volatility of the industries that Teradyne serves can cause certain of its customers to experience shortages of cash flows, which can impact their ability to make required payments. Teradyne maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Estimated allowances for doubtful accounts are reviewed periodically taking into account the customer’s recent payment history, the customer’s current financial statements and other information regarding the customer’s credit worthiness. Account balances are written off against the allowance when it is determined the receivable will not be recovered.
5
4

Teradyne sells certain trade accounts receivables on a
non-recourse
basis to third-party financial institutions pursuant to factoring agreements. Teradyne accounts for these transactions as sales of receivables and presents cash proceeds as a cash provided by operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. Total trade accounts receivable sold under the factoring agreements were $143.6$93.9 million and $52.2$111.3 million during 20192022 and 2018,2021, respectively. Factoring fees for the sales of receivables
are
recorded in interest expense and
are
not material.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost
(first-in,
(first-in, first-out
basis) or net realizable value. On a quarterly basis, Teradyne uses consistent methodologies to evaluate all inventories for net realizable value. Teradyne records a provision for both excess and obsolete inventory when such write-downs or write-offs are identified through the quarterly review process. The inventory valuation is based upon assumptions about future demand, product mix and possible alternative uses.
Investments
Teradyne accounts for its investments in debt and equity securities in accordance with the provisions of ASC
320-10,
Investments—Debt and Equity Securities
.” ASC
320-10
requires that certain debt and equity securities be classified into one of three categories; trading,
available-for-sale
or
held-to-maturity
securities. On a quarterly basis, Teradyne reviews its investments to identify and evaluate those that have an indication of a potential other-than-temporary impairment. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is other-than-temporary include:
The length of time and the extent to which the market value has been less than cost;
5
6

The financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; and
The intent and ability to retain the investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value.
Teradyne uses the market and income approach techniques to value its financial instruments and there were no changes in valuation techniques during the twelve months ended December 31, 20192022 and 2018. As defined2021.
Teradyne measures its debt and equity investments at fair value, in accordance with ASC
820-10
,
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,Disclosures.
ASC 820-10 defines fair value isas the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. ASC
820-10
participants and requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets as of the reporting date;
Level 2: Inputs other than Level 1, that are observable either directly or indirectly as of the reporting date. For example, a common approach for valuing fixed income securities is the use of matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique used to value securities by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices, and is considered a Level 2 input; or
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not supported by market data. Unobservable inputs are developed based on the best information available, which might include Teradyne’s own data.
In accordance with ASC
820-10,
Teradyne measures its debt and equity investments at fair value. Teradyne’s debt investments are classified as Level 2, and equity investments are classified as Level 1. Acquisition-related contingent consideration is classified as Level 3. Teradyne determines the fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration using a Monte Carlo simulation model. Assumptions utilized in the model include forecasted revenues, revenue volatility, earnings before interest and taxes, and discount rate.
5
5

Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issuedTeradyne records changes in fair value of equity securities directly in earnings and realized gains and losses in other (income) expense, net, in accordance with ASU
2016-01,
Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
.” Teradyne adopted the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. This guidance requires that changes in fair value of equity securities be accounted for directly in earnings. Previously, the changes in fair value were recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income on the balance sheet. Teradyne continues to record realized gains in interest income and realized losses in interest expense. The adoption of this new accounting guidance increased the January 1, 2018 retained earnings balance by $3.1 million and decreased the accumulated other comprehensive income balance by the same amount.
Investment in Other Company
Teradyne holds an investment in a private company that develops and sells advanced wearable technology. Teradyne does not have the ability to exert significant influence over the company. The investment was recorded at cost and is evaluated for impairment or an indication of changes in fair value resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer on a quarterly basis. See Note D: “Acquisitions and Investment in Other Company.”
Prepayments
Prepayments consist of the following and are included in prepayments and other current assets on the balance sheet:following:
         
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Contract manufacturer and supplier prepayments
 $
143,392
  $
131,642
 
Prepaid taxes
  
8,046
   
9,646
 
Prepaid maintenance and other services
  
8,503
   
8,487
 
Other prepayments
  
16,753
   
12,744
 
         
Total prepayments
 $
176,694
  $
162,519
 
         
 
   
2022
   
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Contract manufacturer and supplier prepayments
  $491,105   $364,478 
Prepaid taxes
   18,625    15,090 
Prepaid maintenance and other services
   14,545    13,660 
Other prepayments
   8,687    13,038 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total prepayments
  $532,962   $406,266 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Retirement and Postretirement Plans
Teradyne recognizes net actuarial gains and losses and the change in the fair value of the plan assets in its operating results in the year in which they occur or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. Teradyne calculates the expected return on plan assets using the fair value of the plan assets. Actuarial gains and losses are generally measured annually as of December 31 and, accordingly, recorded during the fourth quarter of each year or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans.
Retirement Benefits5
7

In March 2017, the FASB issuedTable of Contents
Teradyne reports net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit costs in accordance with ASU
2017-07,
Compensation—Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost
.” Teradyne retrospectively adopted the new accounting guidance on presentation of net periodic pension costs and net periodic postretirement benefit costs in the first quarter of 2018. This guidance requires theThe service cost component of net benefit costs to beis reported in the same line item in the consolidated statement of operations as other employee compensation costs. The
non-service
components of net benefit costs such as interest cost, expected return on assets, amortization of prior service cost, and
actuarial gains or losses, are required to be reported separately outside of income or loss from operations. Following the adoption of this guidance, Teradyne continues to record the service cost component in the same line item as other employee
56

compensation costs and the
non-service
components of net benefit costs such as interest cost, expected return on assets, amortization of prior service cost, and actuarial gains or losses, are reported within other (income) expense, net. In the twelve months ended December 31, 2017
,
the retrospective adoption of this standard decreased income from operations by $
5.0
million
, due to the removal of net actuarial pension gains and increased
non-operating
(income) expense by the same amount with no impact to net income.
Goodwill, Intangible and Long-Lived Assets
Teradyne accounts for goodwill and intangible assets in accordance with ASC
350-10,
Intangibles-Goodwill and Other.
” Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful economic life and are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Goodwill is assessed for impairment at least annually in the fourth quarter, as of December 31, on a reporting unit basis, or more frequently when events and circumstances occur indicating that the recorded goodwill may be impaired.
In accordance with ASC
350-10,
Teradyne has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If Teradyne determines this is the case, Teradyne is required to perform the
two-step
a quantitative goodwill impairment test to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of goodwill impairment loss to be recognized. If Teradyne determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its carrying amounts, the
two-step
a quantitative goodwill impairment test is not required.
In accordance with ASC
360-10,
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,
” Teradyne reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the
carrying
amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable or that the useful lives of these assets are no longer appropriate. Each impairment test is based on a comparison of the estimated undiscounted cash flows to the recorded value of the asset. If impairment is indicated, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flowflows analysis. The cash flowflows estimates used to determine the impairment, if any, contain management’s best estimates using appropriate assumptions and projections at that time.
Business Combination
Teradyne recognizes the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The fair value of identifiable intangible assets is based on detailed cash flowflows valuations that use information and assumptions provided by management. Teradyne estimates the fair value of contingent consideration at the time of the acquisition using all pertinent information known to us at the time to assess the probability of payment of contingent amounts or through the use of a Monte Carlo simulation model. Teradyne allocates any excess purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed to goodwill. The assumptions used in the valuations for our acquisitions may differ materially from actual results depending on performance of the acquired businesses and other factors. While Teradyne believes the assumptions used were appropriate, different assumptions in the valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed could have a material impact on the timing and extent of impact on our statements of operations. Goodwill is assigned to reporting units as of the date of the related acquisition.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements and major renewals are capitalized and included in property, plant and equipment accounts, while expenditures for maintenance and repairs and minor renewals are charged to expense. When assets are retired, the assets and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations.
 
5
758


Teradyne provides for depreciation of its assets principally on the straight-line method with the cost of the assets being charged to expense over their useful lives as follows:
Buildings
  
40 years
Building improvements
  
5 to 10 years
Leasehold improvements
  
Lesser of lease term or
10
years
Furniture and fixtures
  
10 years
Test systems manufactured internally
  
6 years
Machinery,
,
equipment
and software
  
3 to 5 years
Test systems manufactured internally are used by Teradyne for customer evaluations and manufacturing and support of its customers. Teradyne depreciates the test systems manufactured internally over a
six-year
six-year life to cost of revenues, engineering and development, and selling and administrative expenses. Teradyne often sells internally manufactured test equipment to customers. Upon the sale of an internally manufactured test system, the net book value of the system is transferred to inventory and expensed as cost of revenues. The net book value of internally manufactured test systems sold in the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 20172020 was $5.0$6.6 million, $3.8$16.6 million, and $3.6$7.3 million, respectively.
LeasesConvertible Debt
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued
Teradyne adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)
2016-02,
“Leases (Topic 842)”
(“Topic 842”), which requires a lessee to record a
right-of-use
(“ROU”) asset ASU 2020-06 – “Debt—Debt with Conversion and a lease liability on the balance sheet for operating leases with terms longer than twelve months. Teradyne adopted this standardOther Options and the related amendments (collectively “ASC 842”)Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity,” on January 1, 2019 and utilized2022 using the modified retrospective approach providedmethod of adoption. As a result of adoption, Teradyne recorded an increase of $1.4 million to current debt for unsettled shares, an increase of $1.8 million to deferred tax assets, an increase of $6.6 million to long-term debt for unamortized debt discount, and an increase to retained earnings of $94.6 million for the reclassification of the equity component. Mezzanine equity representing unsettled shares value was reduced to zero and additional paid-in capital was reduced by $100.8 million. In accordance with ASU
2018-11,
“Leases (Topic 842): Targeted 2020-06, Teradyne accounts for a convertible debt instrument as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. Unsettled shares are recorded in current debt, and there is no recognition of a debt discount, which was previously amortized to interest expense. Settled shares reduce the outstanding debt balance in an amount equal to the cash paid, but do not result in any gain or loss on extinguishment. We use the if-converted method in the diluted EPS calculation for convertible instruments.
Improvements,”
Leases
that allowed for a cumulative effect adjustment in the period of adoption. Under this method of adoption, the comparative information in the consolidated financial statements has not been revised and continues to be reported under the previously applicable lease accounting guidance (ASC 840). Teradyne also utilized the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance which included the carry-forward of historical lease classification. Adoption of ASC 842 resulted in recording ROU assets and lease liabilities of approximately $50.1 million and $54.3 million, respectively. Operating lease liabilities were calculated using the discount rate on January 1, 2019. The adoption of ASC 842 did not have a material impact on beginning retained earnings, the consolidated statement of operations, cash flows, or earnings per share.
Under ASC 842, a contract is or contains a lease when Teradyne has the right to control the use of an identified asset. Teradyne determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract, which is the date on which the terms of the contract are agreed to and the agreement creates enforceable rights and obligations.
The commencement date of the lease is the date that the lessor makes an underlying asset available for use by Teradyne. As of December 31, 2019,2022, Teradyne does not have material leases that have not yet commenced.
Teradyne determines if the lease is
an
operating or finance
lease
at the lease commencement date based upon the terms of the lease and the nature of the asset. The lease term used to calculate the lease liability includes options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised.
For leases commencing after January 1, 2019, the
The lease liability is measured at the present value of future lease payments, discounted using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. As Teradyne is typically unable to determine the implicit rate, Teradyne uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the lease term and economic environment at commencement date. Teradyne initially measures payments based on an index by using the applicable rate at lease commencement. Variable payments that do not depend on an index are not included in the lease liability and are recognized as they are incurred. The ROUright-of-use (“ROU”) asset is initially measured as the amount of lease liability, adjusted for any initial lease costs, prepaid lease payments, and reduced by any lease incentives.
5859

Teradyne’s contracts often include
non-lease
components such as common area maintenance. Teradyne elected the practical expedient to account for the lease and
non-lease
components as a single lease component. For leases with a term of one year or less, Teradyne has elected not to record the lease asset or liability. The lease payments are recognized in the consolidated statement of earnings on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Teradyne includes lease costs within cost of revenues and operating expenses. See Note I: “Leases.”
Engineering and Development Costs
Teradyne’s products are highly technical in nature and require a large and continuing engineering and development effort. Software development costs incurred prior to the establishment of technological feasibility
are charged to expense. Software development costs incurred subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility are capitalized until the product is available for release to customers. To date, the period between achieving technological feasibility and general availability of the product has been short and software development costs eligible for capitalization have not been material. Engineering and development costs are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of salaries, contractor fees including
non-recurring
engineering charges related to product design, allocated facility costs, depreciation, and tooling costs.
Stock Compensation Plans and Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Stock-based compensation expense is based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of ASC
718-10,
Compensation-Stock Compensation
.”
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU
2016-09,
“Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements Teradyne elects to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.”
Teradyne adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2017. This ASU changes how Teradyne accounts for certain aspects of share-based payment awards to employees, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statements of cash flows.
Adoption of this ASU required recognition of a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings for any prior year excess tax benefits or tax deficiencies not previously recorded. The cumulative effect adjustment of $39 million was recorded in the first quarter of 2017 as an increase to retained earnings and deferred tax assets.
This ASU also required a change in how Teradyne recognizes the excess tax benefits or tax deficiencies related to stock-based compensation. Prior to adopting ASU
2016-09,
these excess tax benefits or tax deficiencies were credited or charged to additional
paid-in
capital in Teradyne’s consolidated balance sheets. In accordance with ASU
2016-09,
starting in the first quarter of 2017, these excess tax benefits or tax deficiencies are recognized as a discrete tax benefit or discrete tax expense to the current income tax provision in Teradyne’s consolidated statements of operations.
ASU
2016-09
requires companies to adopt the amendment related to accounting for excess tax benefits or tax deficiencies on a prospective basis. In 2019, 2018 and 2017, Teradyne recognized a discrete tax benefit of $4.9 million, $7.6 million and $6.3 million, respectively, related to net excess tax benefit.
In addition, under ASU
2016-09,
all excess tax benefits related to share-based payments are reported as cash flows from operating activities. Previously, excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements were reported as cash flows from financing activities. The classification amendment was applied prospectively. This ASU also clarifies that all cash payments made to taxing authorities on the employees’ behalf for withheld shares should be presented as financing activities on the statement of cash flows. Previously, Teradyne reported cash payments made to taxing authorities as operating activities on the statement of cash flows. This change was applied retrospectively.
Upon adoption of ASU
2016-09,
Teradyne made an accounting policy election to continue accountingaccount for forfeitures by applying an estimated forfeiture rate and to continue to recognizerecognizes compensation costs only for those stock-based compensation awards expected to vest.
59

Under its stock compensation plans, Teradyne has granted stock options, restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units, and employees are eligible to purchase Teradyne’s common stock through its Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”).
Excess tax benefits or tax deficiencies are recognized as a discrete tax benefit or discrete tax expense to the current income tax provision in Teradyne’s consolidated statements of operations, all excess tax benefits related to share-based payments are reported as cash flows from operating activities, and all cash payments made to taxing authorities on the employees’ behalf for withheld shares are presented as financing activities on the statement of cash flows.
Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the
differences are expected to reverse. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Teradyne performed the required assessment of positive and negative evidence regarding the realization of the net deferred tax assets in accordance with ASC 740,
“Accounting for Income Taxes.”
This assessment included the evaluation of scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, estimates of projected future taxable income and
tax-planning
strategies. Although realization is not assured, based on its assessment, Teradyne concluded that it is more likely than not that such assets, net of the existing valuation allowance, will be realized.
Advertising Costs
Teradyne expenses all advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs were $16.6$17.3 million, $15.4$13.4 million and $9.1$12.8 million in 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017,2020, respectively.
Translation of
Non-U.S.
Currencies
The functional currency for all
non-U.S.
subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar, except for Universal Robots, MiR and Lemsys for which the local currency is its functional currency. All foreign currency denominated monetary
6
0

assets and liabilities are remeasured on a monthly basis into the functional currency using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period. All foreign currency denominated
non-monetary
assets and liabilities are remeasured into the functional currency using historical exchange rates. Net foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from remeasurement are included in other (income) expense, net. For Universal Robots, MiR and Lemsys, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period. Revenues and expense amounts are translated using an average of exchange rates in effect during the period. Translation adjustments are recorded within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the balance sheet.
Net foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from remeasurement are included in other (income) expense, net. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021 and 2017,2020, losses (gains) losses from the remeasurement of the monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies were $(1.6)$10.8 million, $(2.5)$(2.1) million, and $2.9$2.6 million, respectively.
These amounts do not reflect the corresponding (gains) losses from foreign exchange contracts. See Note H: “Financial Instruments” regarding foreign exchange contracts.
Net Income (Loss) per Common Share
Basic net income (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Except where the result would be anti-dilutive, diluted net income (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares plus common stock equivalents, if applicable.
With respect to its convertible debt issued in 2016, Teradyne has determined that it has the ability and intentis required to settle the principal of the convertible debt in cash; accordingly, the principal amount is excluded from the determination of diluted earnings per share. As a result, Teradyne is accounting for the conversion spread using the treasury stock method.
60

Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Comprehensive income (loss) includes net income, unrealized pension and postretirement prior service costs and benefits, unrealized gains and losses on investments in debt marketable securities, and foreign currency translation adjustment. Prior to 2018, comprehensive income (loss) included unrealized gains and losses on investments in equity marketable securities.
cash flow hedge and foreign currency translation adjustment.
C.
C.    RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
On January 26, 2017,For the FASByear ended December 31, 2022, there were no recently issued ASU
2017-04,
“Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment.”
The new guidance removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. All other goodwill impairment guidance will remain largely unchanged. Entities will continue to have the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if a quantitative impairment test is necessary. The same
one-step
impairment test will be applied to goodwill at all reporting units, even those with zeroaccounting pronouncements that had, or negative carrying amounts. Entities will be required to disclose the amount of goodwill at reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. The revised guidance will be applied prospectively, and is effective in 2020. Early adoption is permitted for any impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. This pronouncement is notare expected to have, a material impact on Teradyne’s financial position, results of operations and statements of cash flows.
D.    ACQUISITIONS AND INVESTMENT IN OTHER COMPANY
Acquisitions
AutoGuide LLC
On November 1
3
, 2019, Teradyne acquired 100% of the
me
mbership interests
 of AutoGuide, LLC (“AutoGuide”), a maker of high-payload AMRs, based in Chelmsford, MA, an emerging and fast growing segment of the global forklift market
.
The total purchase price was approximately $81.7 million, which included cash paid of approximately $57.8 million
and
$
24.0
million
in fair value of contingent consideration payable upon achievement of certain performance targets, extending potentially through 2022. At December 31, 2019, the maximum contingent consideration that could be paid
 is
$
106.9
 million.
The contingent consideration is payable upon achievement
o
f certain thresholds and targets for revenue and earnings before interest and taxes for periods from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020, January 1, 2019
t
o December 31, 202
1
, and January 1, 2019 to December 31, 202
2
.
The valuation of the contingent consideration is dependent on the following assumptions: forecasted revenues, revenue volatility, earnings before interest and taxes, and discount rate. These assumptions were estimated based on a review of the historical and projected results.
The AutoGuide acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and, accordingly, the results have been included in Teradyne’s consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. AutoGuide’s AMRs are used for material transport of payloads up to 4,500 kg in manufacturing, warehouse and logistics applications. These products complement MiR’s lower payload products and expand the Industrial Automation segment
, which is a 
key c
omponent of Teradyne
s
 growth strateg
y.
The preliminary allocation of the total purchase price to AutoGuide’s net tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets was based on their estimated preliminary fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the identifiable intangible assets and net tangible assets in the amount
of $41.4 million was allocated to goodwill, which is deductible for tax purposes. AutoGuide’s results have been included in Teradyne’s Industrial Automation segment from the date of acquisition.
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The following table represents the preliminary allocation of the purchase price:
     
 
Purchase Price Allocation
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Goodwill
 $
41,372
 
Intangible assets
  
37,660
 
Tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
   
Other
c
urrent assets
  
3,661
 
Non-current
assets
  
1,227
 
Accounts payable and current liabilities
  
(1,223
)
Long-term
other
liabilities
  
(949
)
     
Total purchase price
 $
81,748
 
     
Teradyne estimated the fair value of intangible assets using the income approach. Forecasted revenues is the key assumption for estimating the fair value. Acquired intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Components of these intangible assets and their estimated useful lives at the acquisition date are as follows:
         
 
Fair Value
  
Estimated Useful
Life
 
 
(in thousands)
  
(in years)
 
Developed technology
 $
24,590
   
6.0
 
Customer relationships
  
7,360
   
6.0
 
Trademarks and tradenames
  
5,450
   
7.0
 
Backlog
  
260
   
0.3
 
         
Total intangible assets
 $
37,660
   
6.1
 
         
For the period from November 13, 2019 to December 31, 2019, AutoGuide contributed $
1.4
 million of revenues and had a $
(0.9)
million loss before income taxes.
Lemsys SA
On January 30, 2019, Teradyne acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Lemsys SA (“Lemsys”) for a total purchase price of approximately $
9.1
 million. Lemsys strengthens Teradyne’s position in the electrification of vehicles, solar 
and wind power
,
and
industrial applications. The Lemsys acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and, accordingly, the results have been included in Teradyne’s Semiconductor Test segment from the date of acquisition. Teradyne’s final allocation of the purchase price was goodwill of $
1.4
 million, which is not deductible for tax purposes, acquired intangible assets of $
4.6
 million with an average estimated useful life of
5.2
years, and $
3.1
 million of net tangible assets. The acquisition was not material to Teradyne’sour consolidated financial statements.
Mobile Industrial Robots
On April 25, 2018, Teradyne acquired all
of
the issued and outstanding shares of MiR, a Danish limited liability company located in Odense, Denmark. MiR is
a
 leading maker of collaborative autonomous mobile robots for industrial applications.
The total purchase price of $
197.8
 million included $
145.2
 million of cash paid and $
52.6
 million of contingent consideration measured at fair value. The contingent consideration is payable in Euros upon the
achievement of certain thresholds and targets for revenue and earnings before interest and taxes for periods from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018; January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019; and January 1, 2018 to
62

December 31, 2020.
Contingent consideration for the period from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018 was $31.0 million and was paid in March 2019. Contingent consideration for the period from January 1, 201
8
 to December 31, 2019 was
$
9.1
 million
, based on the results during the period and modifi
ca
tion
 of t
he earn
-
out structure
,
 and is expected to be paid in March 2020.
At December 31, 2019, the remaining maximum amount of contingent consideration that could be paid is $63.2 million.
The valuation of the contingent consideration is dependent on the following assumptions: forecasted revenues, revenue volatility, earnings before interest and taxes, and discount rate. These assumptions were estimated based on a review of the historical and projected results.
The MiR acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and, accordingly, the results have been included in Teradyne’s consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. MiR’s products will help expand the Industrial Automation segment, which is a key component of our growth strategy. The allocation of the total purchase price to MiR’s net tangible liabilities and identifiable intangible assets was based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the identifiable intangible assets and net tangible liabilities in the amount of $136.0 million was allocated to goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes. MiR’s results have been included in Teradyne’s Industrial Automation segment from the date of acquisition.
The following table represents the final allocation of the purchase price:
     
 
Purchase Price Allocation
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Goodwill
 $
135,976
 
Intangible assets
  
80,670
 
Tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
   
Current assets
  
6,039
 
Non-current
assets
  
1,336
 
Accounts payable and current liabilities
  
(7,336
)
Long-term deferred tax liabilities
  
(18,007
)
Other long-term liabilities
  
(900
)
     
Total purchase price
 $
197,778
 
     
Teradyne estimated the fair value of intangible assets using the income and cost approaches. Acquired intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.
Components of these intangible assets and their estimated useful lives at the acquisition date are as follows:
         
 
Fair Value
  
Estimated Useful
Life
 
 
(in thousands)
  
(in years)
 
Developed technology
 $
58,900
   
7.0
 
Trademarks and tradenames
  
13,240
   
11.0
 
Customer relationships
  
8,500
   
2.5
 
Backlog
  
30
   
0.2
 
         
Total intangible assets
 $
80,670
   
7.2
 
         
For the period from April 25, 2018 to December 31, 2018, MiR contributed $24.1 million of revenues and had a $(
7.6
) million loss before income taxes.
6
3

Energid Technologies Corporation
On February 26, 2018, Teradyne acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Energid for a total purchase price of approximately $27.6 million. Energid’s technology enables and simplifies the programming of complex robotic motions used in a wide variety of end markets, ranging from heavy industry to healthcare, utilizing both traditional robots and collaborative robots. The Energid acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and, accordingly, Energid’s results have been included in Teradyne’s Industrial Automation segment from the date of acquisition. As of the acquisition date, Teradyne’s purchase price allocation was goodwill of $14.4 million which is deductible for tax purposes, acquired intangible assets of $12.3 million with an average estimated useful life of 7.7 years, and $1.0 million of net tangible assets. The acquisition was not material to Teradyne’s  consolidated financial statements.
Pro Forma Information
The following unaudited pro forma information gives effect to the acquisition of AutoGuide as if the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2018 and the acquisition of MiR as if the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2017. The unaudited pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of what actually would have occurred had the acquisition been in effect for the periods presented:
 
For the Year Ended
 
 
December 31, 2019
 
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
(in thousands, except per
share amounts)
 
Revenues
 $
2,303,737
  $
2,111,373
 
Net income
 $
464,602
  $
442,082
 
Net income per common share:
      
Basic
 $
2.73
  $
2.36
 
         
Diluted
 $
2.59
  $
2.30
 
         
Pro forma results for the year ended December 31, 2019 were adjusted to exclude $1.2 million of AutoGuide acquisition related costs and $0.1 million of AutoGuide
non-recurring
expense related to fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventory.
Pro forma results for the year ended December 31, 2018 were adjusted to include $1.2 million of AutoGuide acquisition related costs and $0.4 million of AutoGuide
non-recurring
expense related to fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventory.
Pro forma results for the year ended December 31, 2018 were adjusted to exclude $2.9 million of MiR acquisition related costs and $0.4 million of MiR
non-recurring
expense related to fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventory.
Investment in Other Company
D.
INVESTMENT IN OTHER COMPANY
On June 3, 2019,1, 2021, Teradyne invested $15.0
$12.0 million in RealWear,MachineMetrics, Inc. (“RealWear”MachineMetrics”). RealWear,, a private company that develops and sells advanced wearable technology includingproducts to improve manufacturing performance through automated machine data collection, alerting, and analytics. Teradyne’s investment in MachineMetrics aligns with its strategy of providing and investing in leading edge products for automating industrial hands-free, head-mounted augmented reality devices that make the workplace safer and more productive.production processes in growing markets. The investment was recorded at cost and is evaluated for impairment or an indication of changes in fair value resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer on a quarterly basis. On February 28, 2020, RealWear’s debt holder demanded repayment of its $25.0 million loan to RealWear. As a result, in the fourth quarter of 2019, Teradyne recorded an impairment charge of $15.0 million to reduce its investment in RealWear to 0 as ofAt December 31, 2019.
2022, the value of the investment was $12.0 million, and there was no change during the year ended December 31, 2022.

6
1

E.
REVENUE
E.    REVENUE
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by timing of revenue recognition, primary geographical market, and major product lines.
 
Semiconductor
 
Test
  
Industrial Automation
  
System
Test
 
 
Wireless
Test
 
 
Corporate
and
Other
 
 
Total
 
 
System
on-a-chip
 
 
Memory
 
 
Universal
Robots
 
 
Mobile
Industrial
Robots
 
 
AutoGuide
 
 
Energid
 
 
(in thousands)
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2019
 
(1)
                              
Timing of Revenue Recognition
                              
Point in Time
 $
1,070,375
  $
247,221
  $
244,515
  $
44,329
  $
1,144
  $
 
 
  $
237,686
  $
148,322
  $
(515
) $
1,993,077
 
Over Time
  
216,065
   
18,910
   
3,952
   
74
   
234
   
3,891
   
49,769
   
8,993
   
 
 
   
301,888
 
                                         
Total
 $
1,286,440
  $
266,131
  $
248,467
  $
44,403
  $
1,378
  $
3,891
  $
287,455
  $
157,315
  $
(515
) $
2,294,965
 
                                         
Geographical Market
                              
Asia Pacific
 $
1,152,881
  $
238,714
  $
67,806
  $
9,513
  $
 
 
  $
221
  $
132,826
  $
126,549
  $
 
 
  $
1,728,510
 
Americas
  
73,257
   
23,826
   
70,165
   
14,438
   
1,378
   
1,761
   
129,840
   
24,234
   
(515
)  
338,384
 
Europe, Middle East and Africa
  
60,302
   
3,591
   
110,496
   
20,452
   
   
1,909
   
24,789
   
6,532
   
 
 
   
228,071
 
                                         
Total
 $
1,286,440
  $
266,131
  $
248,467
  $
44,403
  $
1,378
  $
3,891
  $
287,455
  $
157,315
  $
(515
) $
2,294,965
 
                                         
For the Year Ended December 31, 2018
 
(1)
                              
Timing of Revenue Recognition
                              
Point in Time
 $
1,010,493
  $
259,366
  $
231,895
  $
24,115
  $
 
 
  $
553
  $
167,418
  $
122,536
  $
(1,205
) $
1,815,171
 
Over Time
  
208,456
   
14,102
   
2,200
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
2,689
   
48,714
   
9,470
   
 
 
   
285,631
 
                                         
Total
 $
1,218,949
  $
273,468
  $
234,095
  $
24,115
  $
 
 
  $
3,242
  $
216,132
  $
132,006
  $
(1,205
) $
2,100,802
 
                                         
Geographical Market
                              
Asia Pacific
 $
1,067,879
  $
245,264
  $
58,381
  $
5,950
  $
 
 
  $
111
  $
90,989
  $
107,872
  $
 
 
  $
1,576,446
 
Americas
  
78,498
   
17,353
   
68,938
   
7,326
   
 
 
   
1,540
   
96,763
   
19,166
   
(1,205
)  
288,379
 
Europe, Middle East and Africa
  
72,572
   
10,851
   
106,776
   
10,839
   
 
 
   
1,591
   
28,380
   
4,968
   
 
 
   
235,977
 
                                         
Total
 $
1,218,949
  $
273,468
  $
234,095
  $
24,115
  $
 
 
  $
3,242
  $
216,132
  $
132,006
  $
(1,205
) $
2,100,802
 
                                         
 
  
Semiconductor Test
     
Robotics
          
  
System-on-
a-chip
  
Memory
  
System

Test
  
Universal
Robots
  
Mobile
Industrial
Robots
  
Wireless

Test
  
Corporate

and

Eliminations
  
Total
 
           
(in thousands)
          
For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 (1)
                                
Timing of Revenue Recognition
                                
Point in Time
 $1,445,238  $344,693  $402,074  $317,514  $73,812  $189,040  $251  $2,772,622 
Over Time
  261,646   29,013   67,272   8,218   3,594   12,680   —     382,423 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total
 $1,706,884  $373,706  $469,346  $325,732  $77,406  $201,720  $251  $3,155,045 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Geographical Market
                                
Asia Pacific
 $1,514,964  $360,176  $294,350  $73,930  $15,724  $140,767  $—    $2,399,911 
Americas
  122,575   11,987   146,040   112,203   35,213   47,350   251   475,619 
Europe, Middle East and Africa
  69,345   1,543   28,956   139,599   26,469   13,603   —     279,515 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total
 $1,706,884  $373,706  $469,346  $325,732  $77,406  $201,720  $251  $3,155,045 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 (1)
                                
Timing of Revenue Recognition
                                
Point in Time
 $1,989,979  $365,441  $409,383  $305,512  $60,884  $204,247  $—    $3,335,446 
Over Time
  256,751   30,171   58,356   5,670   3,839   12,648   —     367,435 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total
 $2,246,730  $395,612  $467,739  $311,182  $64,723  $216,895  $—    $3,702,881 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Geographical Market
                                
Asia Pacific
 $2,076,647  $381,444  $306,812  $81,456  $12,919  $172,103  $—    $3,031,381 
Americas
  102,702   10,665   135,230   94,897   26,069   36,173   —     405,736 
Europe, Middle East and Africa
  67,381   3,503   25,697   134,829   25,735   8,619   —     265,764 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total
 $2,246,730  $395,612  $467,739  $311,182  $64,723  $216,895  $—    $3,702,881 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (1)
                                
Timing of Revenue Recognition
                                
Point in Time
 $1,659,414  $363,324  $348,454  $214,212  $55,533  $163,834  $(604 $2,804,167 
Over Time
  217,975   18,884   61,275   7,269   2,717   9,182   —     317,302 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total
 $1,877,389  $382,208  $409,729  $221,481  $58,250  $173,016  $(604 $3,121,469 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Geographical Market
                                
Asia Pacific
 $1,744,593  $364,000  $258,521  $60,277  $6,471  $143,969  $—    $2,577,831 
Americas
  77,671   12,999   128,482   64,164   30,186   22,544   (604  335,442 
Europe, Middle East and Africa
  55,125   5,209   22,726   97,040   21,593   6,503   —     208,196 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total
 $1,877,389  $382,208  $409,729  $221,481  $58,250  $173,016  $(604 $3,121,469 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
(1)
Includes $8.4$8.2 million, $13.2 million and $12.0$10.0 million in 20192022, 2021 and 2018,2020, respectively, for leases of Teradyne’s systems recognized outside of ASC 606:
“Revenue from Contracts with Customers.”
6
2

Contract Balances
For the year
s
years ended December 31, 20192022, 2021 and 2018,2020, Teradyne recognized $65.6$112.4 million, $102.5 million and $69.9$91.0 million, respectively,
,
that was previously included within the deferred revenue and customer advances balances.balances at the beginning of the period. This revenue primarily relates to undelivered hardware, extended warranties, training, application support, and post contract support. Each of these represents a distinct performance obligation. As of December 31, 2022, Teradyne ha
d
 $1,235.2 million of unsatisfied performance obligations. Teradyne expects to recognize 70%89% of the remaining performance obligation in the next 12 months 26%and 11% in
1-3
years, and the remainder thereafter.


F.
F.    INVENTORIES
Inventories, net consisted of the following at December 31, 20192022 and 2018:2021:
         
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Raw material
 $
118,595
  $
89,365
 
Work-in-process
  
32,695
   
31,014
 
Finished
g
oods
  
45,401
   
33,162
 
         
 $
196,691
  $
153,541
 
         
 
   
2022
   
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Raw material
  $256,065   $155,641 
Work-in-process
   37,982    37,740 
Finished goods
   30,972    49,949 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   $325,019   $243,330 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Inventory reserves for the years ended December 31, 20192022 and 20182021 were $103.6$136.8 million and $100.8$114.1 million, respectively.
G.
G.    PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following at December 31, 20192022 and 2018:2021:
         
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Land
 $
16,561
  $
16,561
 
Buildings
  
107,282
   
105,935
 
Machinery
,
equipment
 and 
s
oftware
  
834,970
   
752,722
 
Furniture and fixtures
  
29,157
   
27,432
 
Leasehold improvements
  
59,378
   
52,536
 
Construction in progress
  
2,537
   
6,276
 
         
  
1,049,885
   
961,462
 
Less: accumulated depreciation
  
729,669
   
681,641
 
         
 $
320,216
  $
279,821
 
         
 
   
2022
   
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Land
  $18,481   $17,207 
Buildings
   128,991    126,468 
Machinery, equipment and software
   1,059,880    994,828 
Furniture and fixtures
   29,929    28,743 
Leasehold improvements
   64,631    64,110 
Construction in progress
   22,470    8,105 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
    1,324,382    1,239,461 
Less: accumulated depreciation
   905,699    852,221 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   $418,683   $387,240 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 20172020 was $70.8$90.8 million, $67.4$91.1 million, and $66.1$80.1 million, respectively. As of December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, the gross book value included in machinery and equipment for internally manufactured test systems being leased by customers was $5.4$5.8 million and $5.5$13.4 million, respectively. As of December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, the accumulated depreciation on these test systems was $5.1$5.6 million and $5.2$8.7 million, respectively.
H.
H.    FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Cash Equivalents
Teradyne considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents.
6
3

Marketable Securities
Effective January 1, 2018, Teradyne adopted ASU
2016-01,
Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities,
” using the modified retrospective approach. This guidance requires that changes in fair value of equity securities be accounted for directly in earnings. Prior to 2018, the changes in fair value of equity securities were recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the balance sheet.
Teradyne’s
available-for-sale
debt securities are classified as Level 2, and equity and debt mutual funds are classified as Level 1.1 and available-for-sale debt securities are classified as Level 2. Contingent consideration is classified as Level 3. The vast majority of Level 2 securities are
66

fixed income securities priced by third party pricing vendors. These pricing vendors utilize the most recent observable market information in pricing these securities or, if specific prices are not available, use other observable inputs like market transactions involving identical or comparable securities.
During the years ended December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, there were no transfers in or out of Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 financial instruments.
Realized gains recorded in 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 20172020 were $1.3$0.8 million, $4.0$3.1 million, and $1.1$4.6 million, respectively. Realized losses recorded in 2019, 2018,2022 and 20172020 were $0.2 million, $1.6$1.0 million and $0.3 million, respectively. No realized losses were recorded in 2021. Realized gains are included in interest income and realized losses are included in interest expense.other (income) expense, net.
Unrealized gains on equity securities recorded during the years ended December 31, 20192022, 2021 and 2018 were $5.3 2020 we
re $1.9 million
,
 $5.1 
million and $1.4$9.6 million, respectively. Unrealized losses on equity securities recorded during the years ended December 31, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020 were $0.4 
$11.6 million
,
 $1.8 
million and $7.4$6.0 million, respectively. Unrealized gains and losses on equity securities are included in interest income and unrealized losses are included in interest expense.other (income) expense, net. Unrealized gains and losses on
available-for-sale
debt securities are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the balance sheet.
6
4

The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method.average cost.
The following table sets forth by fair value hierarchy Teradyne’s financial assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 20192022 and 2018:2021:
                 
 
December 31, 2019
 
 
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Instruments
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
  
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Assets
            
Cash
 $
311,975
  $
—  
  $
—  
  $
311,975
 
Cash equivalents
  
410,285
   
51,664
   
—  
   
461,949
 
Available for sale securities:
            
Corporate debt securities
  
—  
   
97,307
   
—  
   
97,307
 
Commercial paper
  
—  
   
54,149
   
—  
   
54,149
 
U.S. Treasury securities
  
—  
   
42,382
   
—  
   
42,382
 
U.S. government agency securities
  
—  
   
9,952
   
—  
   
9,952
 
Debt mutual funds
  
6,888
   
—  
   
—  
   
6,888
 
Certificates of deposit and time deposits
  
—  
   
4,751
   
—  
   
4,751
 
Non-U.S. government securities
  
—  
   
592
   
—  
   
592
 
Equity securities:
            
Equity mutual funds
  
25,772
   
—  
   
—  
   
25,772
 
                 
Total
 $
754,920
  $
260,797
  $
—  
  $
1,015,717
 
                 
Derivative assets
  
—  
   
528
   
—  
   
528
 
                 
Total
 $
754,920
  $
261,325
  $
—  
  $
1,016,245
 
                 
Liabilities
            
Contingent consideration
 $
—  
  $
—  
  $
39,705
  $
39,705
 
Derivative liabilities
  
—  
   
203
   
—  
   
203
 
                 
Total
 $
—  
  $
203
  $
39,705
  $
39,908
 
                 
 
   
December 31, 2022
 
   
Quoted Prices

in Active

Markets for

Identical

Instruments

(Level 1)
   
Significant

Other

Observable

Inputs

(Level 2)
   
Significant

Unobservable

Inputs

(Level 3)
   
Total
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Assets
                    
Cash
  $632,417   $—     $—     $632,417 
Cash equivalents
   161,767    60,589    —      222,356 
Available for sale securities:
                    
Corporate debt securities
   —      50,856    —      50,856 
U.S. Treasury securities
   —      39,649    —      39,649 
Commercial paper
   —      7,159    —      7,159 
Debt mutual funds
   6,580    —      —      6,580 
U.S. government agency securities
   —      6,352    —      6,352 
Certificates of deposit and time deposits
   —      1,740    —      1,740 
Non-U.S. government securities
   —      535    —      535 
Equity securities:
                    
Mutual funds
   37,518    —      —      37,518 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $838,282   $166,880   $—     $1,005,162 
Derivative assets
   —      86    —      86 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $838,282   $166,966   $—     $1,005,248 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Liabilities
                    
Derivative liabilities
   —      4,215    —      4,215 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $—     $4,215   $—     $4,215 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Reported as follows:
                    
     
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
   
Total
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Assets
                    
Cash and cash equivalents
  $794,184   $60,589   $—     $854,773 
Marketable securities
   —      39,612    —      39,612 
Long-term marketable securities
   44,098    66,679    —      110,777 
Prepayments
   —      86    —      86 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $838,282   $166,966   $—     $1,005,248 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Liabilities
                    
Other current liabilities
  $—     $4,215   $—     $4,215 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $—     $4,215   $—     $4,215 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
6
675

Reported as follows:
  
December 31, 2021
 
  
Quoted

Prices

in Active

Markets for

Identical

Instruments

(Level 1)
   
Significant

Other

Observable

Inputs

(Level 2)
   
Significant

Unobservable

Inputs

(Level 3)
   
Total
 
  
(in thousands)
 
Assets
            
Cash
  $628,740   $—     $—     $628,740 
Cash equivalents
   412,212    81,247    —      493,459 
Available for sale securities:
            
Commercial paper
   —      189,620    —      189,620 
U.S. Treasury securities
   —      77,789    —      77,789 
Corporate debt securities
   —      56,901    —      56,901 
Debt mutual funds
   7,971    —      —      7,971 
U.S. government agency securities
   —      4,610    —      4,610 
Certificates of deposit and time deposits
   —      1,356    —      1,356 
Non-U.S. government securities
   —      589    —      589 
Equity securities:
            
Mutual funds
   39,253    —      —      39,253 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Total
  $1,088,176   $412,112   $—     $1,500,288 
Derivative assets
   —      92    —      92 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Total
  $1,088,176   $412,204   $—     $1,500,380 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Liabilities
            
Derivative liabilities
   —      118    —      118 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Total
  $—     $118   $—     $118 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Reported as follows:
            
 
 
(Level 1)
  
(Level 2)
  
(Level 3)
  
Total
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
   
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
   
(in thousands)
 
Assets
                        
Cash and cash equivalents
 $
722,260
  $
51,664
  $
—  
  $
773,924
   $1,040,952   $81,247   $—     $1,122,199 
Marketable securities
  
—  
   
137,303
   
—  
   
137,303
    —      244,231    —      244,231 
Long-term marketable securities
  
32,660
   
71,830
   
—  
   
104,490
    47,224    86,634    —      133,858 
Prepayments
  
—  
   
528
   
—  
   
528
    —      92    —      92 
              
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Total
 $
754,920
  $
261,325
  $
—  
  $
1,016,245
   $1,088,176   $412,204   $—     $1,500,380 
              
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Liabilities
                        
Other current liabilities
 $
—  
  $
203
  $
—  
  $
203
   $—     $118   $—     $118 
Contingent consideration
  
—  
   
—  
   
9,106
   
9,106
 
Long-term contingent consideration
  
—  
   
—  
   
30,599
   
30,599
 
              
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Total
 $
—  
  $
203
  $
39,705
  $
39,908
   $—     $118   $—     $118 
              
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Instruments
(Level 1)
 
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
 
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Assets
            
Cash
 $
312,512
  $
—  
  $
—  
  $
312,512
 
Cash equivalents
  
253,525
   
360,715
   
—  
   
614,240
 
Available for sale securities:
            
U.S. Treasury securities
  
—  
   
109,721
   
—  
   
109,721
 
Commercial paper
  
—  
   
86,117
   
—  
   
86,117
 
Corporate debt securities
  
—  
   
40,020
   
—  
   
40,020
 
U.S. government agency securities
  
—  
   
9,611
   
—  
   
9,611
 
Certificates of deposit and time deposits
  
—  
   
7,604
   
—  
   
7,604
 
Debt mutual funds
  
3,187
   
—  
   
—  
   
3,187
 
Non-U.S.
 
government securities
  
—  
   
376
   
—  
   
376
 
Equity securities:
            
Equity mutual funds
  
21,191
   
—  
   
—  
   
21,191
 
                 
 $
590,415
  $
614,164
  $
—  
  $
1,204,579
 
                 
Derivative assets
  
—  
   
79
   
—  
   
79
 
                 
Total
 $
590,415
  $
614,243
  $
—  
  $
1,204,658
 
                 
Liabilities
            
Contingent consideration
 $
—  
  $
—  
  $
70,543
  $
70,543
 
Derivative liabilities
  
—  
   
514
   
—  
   
514
 
                 
Total
 $
—  
  $
514
  $
70,543
  $
71,057
 
                 
 
6
686

Reported as follows:
 
(Level 1)
  
(Level 2)
  
(Level 3)
  
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Assets
            
Cash and cash equivalents
 $
566,037
  $
360,715
  $
—  
  $
926,752
 
Marketable securities
  
—  
   
190,096
   
—  
   
190,096
 
Long-term marketable securities
  
24,378
   
63,353
   
—  
   
87,731
 
Prepayments
  
—  
   
79
   
—  
   
79
 
                 
 $
590,415
  $
614,243
  $
—  
  $
1,204,658
 
                 
Liabilities
            
Other current liabilities
 $
—  
  $
514
  $
—  
  $
514
 
Contingent consideration
  
—  
   
—  
   
34,865
   
34,865
 
Long-term contingent consideration
  
—  
   
—  
   
35,678
   
35,678
 
                 
 $
—  
  $
514
  $
70,543
  $
71,057
 
                 
Changes in the fair value of Level 3 contingent consideration for the years ended December 31, 20192022 and 20182021 were as follows:
Contingent Consideration
(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2017
45,102
Acquisition of MiR
52,547
Foreign currency impact
(3,540
)
Payments (
1
)
(24,553
)
Fair value adjustment (
2
)
987
Balance at December 31, 2018
70,543
Acquisition of
AutoGuide
23,976
Foreign currency impact
(967
)
Payments (3)
(34,590
)
Fair value adjustment (4)
(19,257
Balance at December 31, 2019
39,705
   
Contingent Consideration
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2020
  $7,227 
Fair value adjustment (1)
   (7,227
   
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2021
   —   
   
 
 
 
Fair value adjustment
   —   
   
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2022
  $—   
   
 
 
 
(1)During the year ended December 31, 201
8
, Teradyne paid $
24.6
 million of contingent consideration for the
earn-out
in connection with the acquisition of
Un
iversal Robots.
(2)
During the year ended December 31, 2018,2021, the fair value of contingent consideration for the earn-outearn-outs in connection with the acquisition of MiRAutoGuide was increased by $17.7reduced to zero, which resulted in a benefit of $7.2 million, primarily due to an increasea decrease in forecasted revenues. During the year ended December 31, 2018,
 the fair value of contingent consideration for the
earn-out
in connection with the acquisition of Universal Robots was
de
creased by $
16.7revenues and earnings before interest and taxes.
 million primarily due to
a
de
crease in forecasted revenues.
(3)During the year ended December 31, 201
9
, Teradyne paid $
30.8
 million
and $3.8 million
of contingent consideration for the
earn-out
s
in connection with the acquisition
s
 of
MiR
a
n
d
Universal Robots
, respectively
.
(4)During the year ended December 31, 201
9
, the fair value of contingent consideration for the
earn-out
in connection with the acquisition of MiR was
de
creased by $
22.2
 million primarily due to a
de
crease in forecasted revenues
 partially offset by the impact from modification of the earn-out structure.
During the year ended December 31, 201
9
, the fair value of contingent consideration for the
earn-out
in connection with the acquisition of
Auto
G
uide
was
in
creased by $
3.0
 million primarily due to a
n
in
c
rease
 in forecasted
revenues
.
69
On March 25, 2022, the arbitration claim filed by Industrial Automation LLC, sellers of AutoGuide, against Teradyne alleging non-compliance with the earn-out provisions of the Membership Interests Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 18, 2019, among Industrial Automation LLC, Teradyne and AutoGuide was settled for $26.7 million. As a result, Teradyne has no remaining earn-out obligations.

The following table provides quantitative information associated with the fair value measurement of Teradyne’s Level 3 financial instrument:
                 
Liability
 
December 31,
2019
Fair Value
  
Valuation
Technique
  
Unobservable Inputs
  
Weighted
Average
 
 
(in thousands)
       
Contingent
c
onsideration
(AutoGuide)
 $
26,952
   
Monte Carlo simulation
   
Revenue Volatility
   
11.5
%
 
        
Discount Rate
   
2.6
%
 
                 
Contingent
c
onsideration
(MiR)
 $
12,753
(1)
   
Monte Carlo simulation
   
Revenue Volatility
   
14.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
Discount Rate
   
0.2
%
 
(1)Contingent consideration related to MiR of $
9.1
 million is expected to be paid in March 20
20
.
As of December 31, 2019, the significant unobservable inputs used in the Monte Carlo simulation to fair value the
AutoGuide
and MiR contingent
consideration include forecasted revenues, revenue volatility, earnings before interest and taxes and discount rate. Increases or decreases in the inputs would result in a higher or lower fair
value measurement. As of December 31, 2019, the maximum amount of contingent consideration that could be paid in connection with the acquisition of
AutoGuide
is $
106.9
 million. The
earn-out
periods end on
December 31, 2020, December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2022
.
As of December 31, 2019, the remaining maximum amount of contingent consideration that could be paid in connection with the acquisition of MiR is $63.2 million. The
remaining
earn-out
period ends
on December 31, 2020.
The carrying amounts and fair values of Teradyne’s financial instruments at December 31, 20192022 and 20182021 were as follows:
                 
 
December 31, 2019
  
December 31, 2018
 
 
Carrying Value
  
Fair Value
  
Carrying Value
  
Fair Value
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Assets
            
Cash and cash equivalents
 $
773,924
  $
773,924
  $
926,752
  $
926,752
 
Marketable securities
  
241,793
   
241,793
   
277,827
   
277,827
 
Derivative assets
  
528
   
528
   
79
   
79
 
Liabilities
            
Contingent consideration
  
39,705
   
39,705
   
70,543
   
70,543
 
Derivative liabilities
  
203
   
203
   
514
   
514
 
Convertible debt (1)
  
394,687
   
1,010,275
   
379,981
   
547,113
 
 
   
December 31, 2022
   
December 31, 2021
 
   
Carrying Value
   
Fair Value
   
Carrying Value
   
Fair Value
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Assets
                    
Cash and cash equivalents
  $854,773   $854,773   $1,122,199   $1,122,199 
Marketable securities
   150,389    150,389    378,089    378,089 
Derivative assets
   86    86    92    92 
Liabilities
                    
Derivative liabilities
  4,215   4,215   118   118 
Convertible debt (1)
   50,115    139,007    108,426    604,648 
(1)
The carrying value represents the bifurcated debt component only, while the fair value is based on quoted market prices for the convertible note which includes the equity conversion features.
The fair values of accounts receivable, net and accounts payable approximate the carrying amount due to the short termshort-term nature of these instruments.
 
70
6
7

The following tables summarize the composition of
available-for-sale
marketable securities at December 31, 20192022 and 2018:2021:
                     
 
December 31, 2019
 
 
Available-for-Sale
   
 
Cost
  
Unrealized
Gain
  
Unrealized
(Loss)
  
Fair Market
Value
  
Fair Market
Value of Investments
with Unrealized Losses
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Corporate debt securities
 $
93,267
  $
4,081
  $
(41
) $
97,307
  $
2,009
 
Commercial paper
  
54,124
   
26
   
(1
)  
54,149
   
1,391
 
U.S. Treasury securities
  
42,167
   
431
   
(216
)  
42,382
   
17,556
 
U.S. government agency securities
  
9,942
   
14
   
(4
)  
9,952
   
3,043
 
Debt mutual funds
  
6,753
   
135
   
—  
   
6,888
   
—  
 
Certificates of deposit and time deposits
  
4,751
   
   
—  
   
4,751
   
—  
 
Non-U.S. government securities
  
592
   
—  
   
—  
   
592
   
—  
 
                     
 $
211,596
  $
4,687
  $
(262
) $
216,021
  $
23,999
 
                     
 
   
December 31, 2022
 
   
Available-for-Sale
        
   
Cost
   
Unrealized

Gain
   
Unrealized

(Loss)
  
Fair
Market

Value
   
Fair Market

Value of Investments

with Unrealized Losses
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Corporate debt securities
  $57,006   $3   $(6,153 $50,856   $50,667 
U.S. Treasury securities
   44,030    —      (4,381  39,649    39,649 
Commercial paper
   7,089    70    —     7,159    —   
Debt mutual funds
   6,997    —      (417  6,580    3,095 
U.S. government agency securities
   6,442    —      (90  6,352    6,352 
Certificates of deposit and time deposits
   1,740    —      —     1,740    —   
Non-U.S. government securities
   535    —      —     535    —   
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
   $123,839   $73   $(11,041 $112,871   $99,763 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Reported as follows:
                     
 
Cost
  
Unrealized
Gain
  
Unrealized
(Loss)
  
Fair Market
Value
  
Fair Market
Value of Investments
with Unrealized Losses
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Marketable securities
 $
137,144
  $
160
  $
(1
) $
137,303
  $
2,922
 
Long-term marketable securities
  
74,452
   
4,527
   
(261
)  
78,718
   
21,077
 
                     
 $
211,596
  $
4,687
  $
(262
) $
216,021
  $
23,999
 
                     
 
   
Cost
   
Unrealized

Gain
   
Unrealized

(Loss)
  
Fair
Market

Value
   
Fair Market

Value of Investments

with Unrealized Losses
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Marketable securities
  $39,950   $70   $(408 $39,612   $30,713 
Long-term marketable securities
   83,889    3    (10,633  73,259    69,050 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
   $123,839   $73   $(11,041 $112,871   $99,763 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
December 31, 2021
 
       
Available-for-Sale
        
   
Cost
   
Unrealized

Gain
   
Unrealized

(Loss)
  
Fair
Market

Value
   
Fair Market

Value of Investments

with Unrealized Losses
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Commercial paper
  $189,614   $15   $(9 $189,620   $22,784 
U.S. Treasury securities
   77,707    551    (470  77,789    46,435 
Corporate debt securities
   52,266    4,863    (227  56,901    19,422 
Debt mutual funds
   7,928    43    —     7,971    —   
U.S. government agency securities
   4,617    5    (12  4,610    3,296 
Certificates of deposit and time deposits
   1,356    —      —     1,356    —   
Non-U.S. government securities
   589    —      —     589    —   
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
   $334,077   $5,477   $(718 $338,836   $91,937 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
                     
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Available-for-Sale
   
 
Cost
  
Unrealized
Gain
  
Unrealized
(Loss)
  
Fair Market
Value
  
Fair Market
Value of Investments
with Unrealized Losses
 
 
(in thousands)
 
U.S. Treasury securities
 $
110,969
  $
112
  $
(1,360
) $
109,721
  $
75,040
 
Commercial paper
  
86,130
   
13
   
(26
)  
86,117
   
85,094
 
Corporate debt securities
  
41,133
   
432
   
(1,545
)  
40,020
   
24,767
 
U.S. government agency securities
  
9,646
   
1
   
(36
)  
9,611
   
7,077
 
Certificates of deposit and time deposits
  
7,604
   
—  
   
—  
   
7,604
   
—  
 
Debt mutual funds
  
3,153
   
34
   
—  
   
3,187
   
—  
 
Non-U.S. government securities
  
376
   
—  
   
—  
   
376
   
—  
 
                     
 $
259,011
  $
592
  $
(2,967
) $
256,636
  $
191,978
 
                     
Reported as follows:
                     
 
Cost
  
Unrealized
Gain
  
Unrealized
(Loss)
  
Fair Market
Value
  
Fair Market
Value of Investments
with Unrealized Losses
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Marketable securities
 $
190,100
  $
88
  $
(92
) $
190,096
  $
140,262
 
Long-term marketable securities
  
68,911
   
504
   
(2,875
)  
66,540
   
51,716
 
                     
 $
259,011
  $
592
  $
(2,967
) $
256,636
  $
191,978
 
                     
 
   
Cost
   
Unrealized

Gain
   
Unrealized

(Loss)
   
Fair
Market

Value
   
Fair Market

Value of Investments

with Unrealized Losses
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Marketable securities
  $244,213   $64   $(46  $244,231   $54,798 
Long-term marketable securities
   89,864    5,413    (672   94,605    37,139 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   $334,077   $5,477   $(718  $338,836   $91,937 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2022, the fair market value of investments with unrealized losses less than one year and greater than one year totaled $66.3 million and $33.4 million, respectively.
 
68
71


As of December 31, 2019,2021, the fair market value of investments with unrealized losses
les
s less than one
year totaled
$23.6 million.
As of December 31, 2018, the fair market value of investments with unrealized losses totaled $192.0 million. Of this value, $28.5 million had unrealized losses of $1.6 millionand greater than one year totaled $85.4 million and $163.5$6.5 million, had unrealized losses of $1.4 million for less than one year.respectively.
Teradyne reviews its investments to identify and evaluate investments that have an indication of possible impairment. Based on this review, Teradyne determined that the unrealized losses related to these investments at December 31, 20192022 and 2018,
2021, were
not
other than
temporary.
The
contractual
maturities of investments in
available-for-sale
marketable securities held at December 31, 20192022 were as follows:
 
Cost
  
Fair Value
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Due within one year
 $
137,144
  $
137,303
 
Due after 1 year through 5 years
  
15,264
   
15,351
 
Due after 5 years through 10 years
  
14,436
   
14,576
 
Due after 10 years
  
37,999
   
41,903
 
         
Total
 $
204,843
  $
209,133
 
         
   
Cost
   
Fair Value
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Due within one year
  $39,950   $39,612 
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   33,045    31,466 
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   4,782    4,232 
Due after 10 years
   39,065    30,981 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $116,842   $106,291 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Contractual maturities of investments in available-for-sale marketable securities held at December 31, 20192022 exclude $6.9 million of debt mutual funds with the fair market value of $6.6 million as they do not have a contractual maturity date.
Derivatives
Teradyne conducts business in a number ofvarious foreign countries, with certain transactions denominated in local currencies. The purpose ofAs a result, Teradyne is exposed to risks relating to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Teradyne’s foreign currency risk management objective is to minimize the effect of exchange rate fluctuations onassociated with the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, and changes in its cash inflows attributable to the forecasted cash flows from certain foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities. Teradyne does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.revenues.
To minimize the effect of exchange rate fluctuations associated with the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, Teradyne enters into foreign currency forward contracts. The change in fair value of these derivatives is recorded directly in earnings and is used to offset the change in value of the monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies.
Teradyne also enters into foreign currency forward and option contracts designated as cash flow hedges to hedge the risk of changes in its cash inflows attributable to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The cash flow hedges have maturities of less than six months and mature in the period of revenue recognition for certain products and services in backlog and forecasted to be recognized in a future period. Teradyne evaluates cash flow hedges for effectiveness at inception based on the critical terms match method. The hedges are not expected to incur any ineffectiveness however a quarterly qualitative assessment of effectiveness is done to determine if the critical terms match method remains appropriate to use. The change in fair value of the contracts is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified to earnings at maturity date.
Teradyne does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.
69


At December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, Teradyne had the following contracts to buy and sell
non-U.S.
currencies for U.S. dollars and other
non-U.S.
currencies with the following notional amounts:
 
December 31, 2019
  
December 31, 2018
 
 
Buy
Position
  
Sell
Position
  
Net
Total
  
Buy
Position
  
Sell
Position
  
Net
Total
 
 
(in millions)
 
Japanese Yen
 $
(29.3
) $
—  
  $
(29.3
) $
(35.0
) $
—  
  $
(35.0
)
Taiwan Dollar
  
(18.4
)  
—  
   
(18.4
)  
(11.2
)  
—  
   
(11.2
)
Korean Won
  
(10.7
)  
—  
   
(10.7
)  
(9.6
)  
—  
   
(9.6
)
British Pound Sterling
  
(3.8
)  
—  
   
(3.8
)  
(1.4
)  
—  
   
(1.4
)
Euro
  
—  
   
47.8
   
47.8
   
—  
   
82.2
   
82.2
 
Singapore Dollar
  
—  
   
25.3
   
25.3
   
—  
   
15.7
   
15.7
 
Philippine Peso
  
—  
   
5.2
   
5.2
   
—  
   
5.2
   
5.2
 
Chinese Yuan
  
—  
   
4.4
   
4.4
   
—  
   
2.8
   
2.8
 
                         
Total
 $
(62.2
) $
82.7
  $
20.5
  $
(57.2
) $
105.9
  $
48.7
 
                         
 
72

   
December 31, 2022
  
December 31, 2021
 
   
Buy

Position
  
Sell

Position
   
Net

Total
  
Buy

Position
  
Sell

Position
   
Net

Total
 
   
(in millions)
 
Japanese Yen
  $(37.1 $—     $(37.1 $(31.4 $—     $(31.4
Taiwan Dollar
   (29.2  —      (29.2  (35.1  —      (35.1
Korean Won
   (6.4  —      (6.4  (4.2  —      (4.2
British Pound Sterling
   (1.2  —      (1.2  (1.8  —      (1.8
Euro
   —     38.4    38.4   —     44.9    44.9 
Singapore Dollar
   —     33.5    33.5   —     61.9    61.9 
Philippine Peso
   —     2.7    2.7   —     3.9    3.9 
Chinese Yuan
   —     2.2    2.2   —     2.8    2.8 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $(73.9 $76.8   $2.9  $(72.5 $113.5   $41.0 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
The fair value of the outstanding contracts was a
gain loss of $0.3$0.9 million and a
loss of $0.4$0.1 million, respectively, at December 31, 20192022 and 2018.2021.
GainsUnrealized gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses on monetary assets and liabilities are included in other (income) expense, net.
At December 31, 2022 and 2021, Teradyne had the following cash flow hedge contracts to buy and sell non-U.S. currencies for U.S. dollars with the following notional amounts:
   
December 31, 2022
   
December 31, 2021
 
   
Buy

Position
  
Sell

Position
   
Net

Total
   
Buy

Position
   
Sell

Position
   
Net

Total
 
   
(in millions)
 
Japanese Yen
  $(23.4 $61.2   $37.8   $—     $—     $—   
Taiwan Dollar
   (5.5  10.9    5.4    —      —      —   
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $(28.9 $72.1   $43.2   $—     $—     $—   
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
The fair value of the outstanding cash flow hedge contracts was a loss of $3.2 million at December 31, 2022.
Unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency cash flow hedge contracts are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). At maturity the gains or losses associated with cash flow hedge contracts are recorded to revenue.
7
0

The following table summarizes the fair value of derivative instruments as of December 31, 20192022 and 2018:2021:
 
 
 
 
 
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2019
  
December 31,
2018
 
  
(in thousands)
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
       
Foreign exchange contracts
 
Prepayments
 $
528
  $
79
 
Foreign exchange contracts
 
Other current liabilities
  
(203
)  
(514
)
           
Total
  $
325
  $
(435
)
           
   
Balance Sheet Location
   
December 31,

2022
  
December 31,

2021
 
       
(in thousands)
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
              
Foreign exchange forward contracts
   Prepayments   $86  $92 
Foreign exchange forward contracts
   Other current liabilities    (990  (118
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
              
Foreign exchange option contracts
   Other current liabilities    (3,225  —   
        
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total derivatives
       $(4,129 $(26
        
 
 
  
 
 
 
The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments in the statements of operations recognized for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 2017.2020:
 
Location of (Gains) Losses
Recognized in Statement
of Operations
 
December 31,
2019
  
December 31,
2018
  
December 31,
2017
 
  
(in thousands)
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
           
Foreign exchange contracts
  
Other (income) expense, net
 $
5,960
  $
7,386
  $
(1,133
)
 
(1)The table does not reflect the corresponding gains and losses from the remeasurement of the monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies.
   
Location of (Gains) Losses
Recognized in Statement
of Operations
  
December 31,

2022
  
December 31,

2021
   
December 31,

2020
 
      
(in thousands)
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
                 
Foreign exchange forward contracts
  Other (income) expense, net  $(2,482 $6,488   $3,515 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
                 
Foreign exchange option contracts
  Revenue   (251)  —      —   
      
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total derivatives
     $(2,733 $6,488   $3,515 
      
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
The table does not reflect the corresponding gains and losses from the remeasurement of the monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, net losses (gains) from remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies were $10.8 million, $(2.1) million, and $2.6 million, respectively.
(2)For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, net gains from the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies were $
1.6
 million and $
2.5
 million, respectively.
(3)For the year ended December 31, 2017, net losses from the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies were $
2.9
 million.
See Note J: “Debt” regarding derivatives related to the convertible senior notes.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments which potentially subject Teradyne to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents, marketable securities, forward currency contracts and accounts receivable. Teradyne’s cash equivalents consist primarily of money market funds invested in U.S. Treasuries and government agencies. Teradyne’s fixed income
available-for-sale
marketable securities have a minimum rating of AA by one or more of the major credit rating agencies. Teradyne places foreign currency forward contracts with high credit-quality financial institutions in order to minimize credit risk exposure. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of geographically dispersed customers. Teradyne performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and from time to time may require customers to provide a letter of credit from a bank to secure accounts receivable. There were no customers who accounted for more than 10%
or
more
of Teradyne’sour accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2019
2022 and 2018.2021
.
I.    LEASES
On January 1, 2019, Teradyne adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective approach. Under this method of adoption, the comparative information in the consolidated financial statements has not been revised
73
I.
LEASES

and continues to be reported under the previously applicable lease accounting guidance (ASC 840). Adoption of ASC 842 resulted in recording ROU assets and lease liabilities of approximately $50.1 million and $54.3 million, respectively. The adoption of ASC 842 did not have a material impact on beginning retained earnings, the consolidated statement of operations, cash flows, or earnings per share.
Teradyne has facility and auto leases, which are accounted for as operating leases. Teradyne’s facility leases are primarily used for administrative functions, research and development, manufacturing, and storage and distribution. Remaining lease terms range from less than one year to
twelve
years.
Total lease expense for
7
1

For the year ended December 31, 20192022, 2021 and 2020, total lease expense was $35.6$40.1 million, $39.2 million, and $38.5 million respectively, and included $11.1$14.1 million, $12.6 million, and $12.1 million, respectively, of variable lease costs and $2.6$2.0 million, $1.8 million, and $3.4 million, respectively, of costs related to short-term leases,
,
which are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheets.
At December 31, 2019,2022, the weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate for operating leases was 4.55.9 years and 5.0%4.7%, respectively. At December 31, 2021, the weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate for operating leases was 5.3 years and 4.1%, respectively.
Supplemental cash flowflows information related to leases was as follows:
     
 
For the 
Year
 Ended
 
 
December 31, 2019
 
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities included in operating cash flows
 $
19,400
 
Right-of-use
assets obtained in exchange for new lease obligations
  
26,739
 
 
   
For the Years Ended
 
   
December 31,
2022
   
December 31,
2021
   
December 31,
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities included in operating cash flows:
  $20,775   $24,593   $24,136 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease obligations
   26,149    34,246    14,801 
Maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 20192022 were as follows:
     
 
Operating Lease
 
 
(in thousands)
 
2020
 $
21,874
 
2021
  
17,638
 
2022
  
12,944
 
2023
  
6,496
 
2024
  
5,106
 
Thereafter
  
8,388
 
     
Total lease payments
  
72,446
 
Less imputed interest
  
(7,121
)
     
Total lease liabilities
 $
65,325
 
     
 
As of December 31, 2018, future
non-cancelable
rent obligations as determined under ASC 840 were as follows:
     
 
Operating Lease
 
 
(in thousands)
 
2019
 $
19,570
 
2020
  
18,293
 
2021
  
13,578
 
2022
  
9,693
 
2023
  
5,449
 
Thereafter
  
9,472
 
     
Total lease payments
 $
76,055
 
     
   
Operating Lease
 
   
(in thousands)
 
2023
  $20,120 
2024
   18,239 
2025
   15,308 
2026
   10,635 
2027
   8,117 
Thereafter
   17,963 
   
 
 
 
Total lease payments
   90,382 
Less imputed interest
   (7,612
   
 
 
 
Total lease liabilities
  $82,770 
   
 
 
 
 
74

Table of Contents
J.
DEBT
J.    DEBT
Convertible Senior Notes
On December 12, 2016, Teradyne completed a private offering of $460.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.25% convertible senior unsecured notes (the “Notes”) due December 15, 2023 and received net
proceeds, after issuance costs, of approximately $
450.8
$450.8 million, $
33.0
$33.0 million of which was used to pay the net cost of the convertible note hedge transactions and $
50.1
$50.1 million of which was used to repurchase
2.0
 million shares of
Teradyne
’s Teradyne’s common stock under its existing stock repurchase program from purchasers of the Notes in privately negotiated transactions effected through one of the initial purchasers or its affiliates conducted concurrently with the pricing of the Note offering. The Notes will mature on December 
15,
,
2023,
, unless earlier repurchased or converted. The Notes bear interest
at
a rate of
1.25
% 1.25% per year
payable semiannually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year
.year. The Notes will be convertible at the option of the
noteholders
at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding
September 15, 2023,
, only under the following circumstances:
(1)
 during any calendar quarter beginning after March
31,
,
2017
(and (and only during such calendar quarter), if the closing sale price of
Teradyne
’s Teradyne’s common stock, for at least
20
trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of
30
 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately
7
2

preceding calendar quarter is greater than
130
% 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day;
(2)
 during the
5five
business day period after any
5five
consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price (as defined in the Indenture) per $
1,000
principal amount of Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than
98
% of the product of the closing sale price of the
Teradyne
’sTeradyne’s common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; and
(3)
 upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after
September
15,
,
2023
until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert their Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.
Teradyne
may satisfy its future conversion obligation by paying cash for the principal amount of the Notes and paying or delivering cash, shares of its common stock or a combination of cash and shares of its common stock, at Teradyne’s election for the amount in excess of principal. On November 
4
,
2021
, Teradyne
’s election. made an irrevocable election under the Indenture to require the principal portion of the remaining Notes to be settled in cash. As of December 
31
,
20192022
, the conversion price was approximately $
31.6231.46
per share of
Teradyne
’s Teradyne’s common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment under certain circumstances.
During 2022, forty
-
two debt holders elected to convert $66.8 million of debt principal. The conversion of the debt was settled in cash for principal amount and in shares for the excess of conversion value over principal amount. The 1.5 million shares issued to the debt holders were received from exercising the convertible notes hedge call options.
During 2021, sixty
-
four holders converted $343.0 million resulting in a loss of $28.8 million recorded to other (income) expense on the consolidated statement of operations. The amount of the loss was determined using the conversion value of the conversion transactions based on the fair value of debt immediately prior to conversion using an updated remaining expected life of the debt instrument and an updated borrowing rate for a similar debt instrument that does not have an associated convertible feature.
As of February 22, 2023, one hundred and twenty
-
four holders had exercised the option to convert $424.9 million worth of notes.
Concurrent with the offering of the Notes, Teradyne entered into convertible note hedge transactions (the “Note Hedge Transactions”) with the initial purchasers or their affiliates (the “Option Counterparties”). The Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of the common stock that underlie the Notes, with a strike price equal to the conversion price of the Notes of $31.62.$31.46. The Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, approximately 14.51.6 million shares of Teradyne’s common stock.
Separately and concurrent with the pricing of the Notes, Teradyne entered into warrant transactions with the Option Counterparties (the “Warrant Transactions”) in which it sold
net-share-settled
(or, (or, at its election subject to certain conditions, cash-settled) warrants to the Option Counterparties. The Warrant Transactions cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, approximately 14.514.6 million shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2019,2022, the strike price of the warrants was approximately $39.68$39.48 per share. The strike price is subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. The Warrant Transactions could have a dilutive effect to Teradyne’s common stock to the extent that the market price per share of Teradyne’s common stock, as measured under the terms of the Warrant Transactions, exceeds the applicable strike price of the warrants.
The Note Hedge Transactions are expected to reduce the potential dilution to Teradyne’s common stock upon any conversion of the Notes. However, the Warrant Transactions could separately have a dilutive effect to the extent that the market value per share of Teradyne’s common stock exceeds the applicable strike price of the warrant. The net cost of the Note Hedge Transactions, after being partially offset by the proceeds from the sale of the warrants, was approximately $33.0 million.
In connection with establishing their initial hedge of these convertible note hedge and warrant transactions, the Option Counterparties have entered into various derivative transactions with respect to Teradyne’s common
75

stock and/or purchased shares of Teradyne’s common stock or other securities, including the Notes, concurrent
7
3

with, or shortly after, the pricing of the Notes. In addition, the Option Counterparties may modify their hedge positions by entering into or unwinding various derivative transactions with respect to Teradyne’s common stock or by selling Teradyne’s common stock or other securities, including the Notes, in secondary market transactions (and may do so during any observation period related to the conversion of the Notes). These activities could adversely affect the value of Teradyne’s common stock and the Notes.
Teradyne considered the guidance of ASC
815-40,
“Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity,”
and concluded that the convertible note hedge is both indexed to Teradyne’s stock and should be classified in stockholders’ equity in its statements of financial position. The convertible note hedge is considered indexed to Teradyne’s stock as the terms of the Note Hedge Transactions do not contain an exercise contingency and the settlement amount equals the difference between the fair value of a fixed number of Teradyne’s shares and a fixed strike price. Because the only variable that can affect the settlement amount is Teradyne’s stock price, which is an input to the fair value of a
fixed-for-fixed
option contract, the convertible note hedge is considered indexed to Teradyne’s stock.
Teradyne assessed whether the convertible note hedge should be classified as equity under ASC
815-40.
In the Note Hedge Transactions contract the settlement terms permit net cash settlement or net share settlement, at the option of Teradyne. Therefore, the criteria as set forth in ASC
815-40
were evaluated by Teradyne. In reviewing the criteria, Teradyne noted the following: (1) the convertible note hedge does not require Teradyne to issue shares; (2) there is no requirement to net cash settle the convertible note hedge for failure to make timely filings with the SEC; (3) in the case of termination, the convertible note hedge is settled in the same consideration as the holders of the underlying stock; (4) the counterparty does not have rights that rank higher than those of a shareholder of the stock underlying the convertible note hedge; and (5) there is no requirement to post collateral. Based on its analysis of those criteria, Teradyne concluded that the convertible note hedge should be recorded in equity and no further adjustment should be made in future periods to adjust the value of the convertible note hedge.
Teradyne analyzed the Warrant Transactions under ASC
815-40,
“Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity,”
and other relevant literature, and determined that it met the criteria for classification as an equity transaction and is considered indexed to Teradyne’s stock. As a result, Teradyne recorded the proceeds from the warrants as an increase to additional
paid-in
capital. Teradyne does not recognize subsequent changes in fair value of the warrants in its financial statements.
The provisions of ASC
470-20,
Debt with Conversion and Other Options,
” are applicable to the Notes. ASC
470-20
requires Teradyne to separately account for the liability (debt) and equity (conversion feature) components of the Notes in a manner that reflects Teradyne’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate at the date of issuance when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods.Originally, Teradyne allocated $100.8 million of the $460.0 million principal amount of the Notes to the equity component, which representsrepresented a discount to the debt and will bewas amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method through December 2023. Accordingly, Teradyne’s effective annual interest rate onEffective January 1, 2022, Teradyne adopted ASC 2020-06 using the Notes will be approximately 5.0%. The Notes are classifiedmodified retrospective method of transition and accounts for the debt as a single liability measured at its amortized cost. As a result of the adoption, Teradyne recorded an increase of $1.4 million to current debt for unsettled shares, an increase of $1.8 million to deferred tax assets, an increase of $6.6 million to long-term debt infor unamortized debt discount, and an increase to retained earnings of $94.6 million for the balance sheet based on their December 15, 2023 maturity date. reclassification of the equity component. Mezzanine equity representing unsettled shares value was reduced to zero and additional paid-in capital was reduced by $100.8 million.
Debt issuance costsfees of approximately $7.2$0.1 million at December 31, 2022, are being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the seven-year term of the Notes. As of December 31, 2019, debt issuance costs were approximately $4.3 million.
76The below tables represent the key components of Teradyne’s convertible senior notes: 
   
December 31,
2022
   
December 31,
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Debt principal
  $50,228   $116,980 
Unamortized debt issuance fees (1)
   113    8,554 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net carrying amount of convertible debt
  $50,115   $108,426 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Reported as follows:
   
December 31,
2022
   
December 31,
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Current debt
  $50,115   $19,182 
Long-term debt
   —      89,244 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net carrying amount of convertible debt
  $50,115   $108,426 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
For the Years Ended
 
   
December 31,
2022
   
December 31,
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Contractual interest expense on the coupon
  $732   $3,009 
Amortization of the issuance fees recognized as interest expense (2)
   209    11,019 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total interest expense on the convertible debt
  $941   $14,028 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
(1)
Unamortized debt issuance fees as of December 31, 2021 include unamortized debt discount of $8.0 million, which was eliminated with the adoption of ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2022.
(2)
For the year ended December 31, 2021 includes the amortization of debt discount component, which was eliminated with the adoption of ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2022.
7
4

The below tables represents the key components of Teradyne’s convertible senior notes:
         
 
December 31,
2019
  
December 31,
2018
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Debt
p
rincipal
 $
460,000
  $
460,000
 
Unamortized discount
  
65,313
   
80,019
 
         
Net
c
arrying amount of convertible debt
 $
394,687
  $
379,981
 
         
         
 
For the year ended
 
 
December 31,
2019
  
December 31,
2018
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Contractual interest expense on the coupon
 $
5,750
  $
5,750
 
Amortization of the discount component and debt issue fees recognized as interest expense
  
14,706
   
13,995
 
         
Total interest expense on the convertible debt
 $
20,456
  $
19,745
 
         
As of December 31, 2019, the unamortized discount was $65.3 million, which will be amortized over four years using the effective interest rate method. The carrying amount of the equity component was $100.8 million. As of December 31, 2019,2022, the conversion price was approximately $31.
62
$31.46 per share and if converted the value of the notes was $992.0$139.5 million.
Additional conversions of approximately $15.1 million of debt principal will occur in the first quarter of 2023 and the liability is included in current debt.
Teradyne expects to make principal interest payments of $0.4 million in the next 12 months.
Revolving Credit Facility
On June 27, 2019, Teradyne terminated its credit agreement, whichMay 1, 2020, Teradyne entered into with Barclays Bank PLC on April 27, 2015. The terminateda credit agreement
, which w
(the “Credit Agreement”) with Truist Bank, as und
r
administrative agent and collateral agent, and the lenders party thereto. The Credit Agreement provides for a
w
n
at ter
mination
,
provided for
a
five-year
,
three-year, senior secured revolving credit facility of up
to
$400.0 million (the “Credit Facility”).
$
350
On December 10, 2021, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend maturity date of the Credit Facility to December 10, 2026. On October 5, 2022, the Credit Agreement was amended to increase the amount of the Credit Facility to $750.0 million
.
from $400.0 million.
The Credit Agreement provides that, subject to customary conditions, Teradyne may seek to obtain from existing or new lenders the available incremental amount under the Credit Facility, not to exceed the greater of $200.0 million or 15% of consolidated EBIDTA. The interest rate applicable to loans under the Credit Facility are, at Teradyne’s option, equal to either a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.00% to 0.75% per annum or SOFR plus a margin ranging from 1.10% to 1.85% per annum, based on the consolidated leverage ratio of Teradyne. In addition, Teradyne will pay a commitment fee on the unused portion of the commitments under the Credit Facility ranging from 0.15% to 0.25% per annum, based on the then applicable consolidated leverage ratio.
Teradyne is not required to repay any loans under the Credit Facility prior to maturity, subject to certain customary exceptions. Teradyne is permitted to prepay all or any portion of the loans under the Credit Facility prior to maturity without premium or penalty, other than customary SOFR breakage costs.
The Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, representations, warranties and affirmative and negative covenants that, among other things, limit Teradyne’s ability to sell assets, grant liens on assets, incur other secured indebtedness and make certain investments and restricted payments, all subject to exceptions set forth in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also requires Teradyne to satisfy two financial ratios measured as of the end of each fiscal quarter; a consolidated leverage ratio and an interest coverage ratio.
77
The Credit Facility is guaranteed by certain of Teradyne’s domestic subsidiaries and collateralized by assets of Teradyne and such subsidiaries, including a pledge of 65% of the capital stock of certain foreign subsidiaries.
As of February 22, 2023, the Credit Agreement was undrawn and Teradyne was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement.
 
7
5

K.
K.    ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) INCOME
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) income,, which is presented net of tax, consist of the following:
                 
 
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustment
  
Unrealized
Gain
s
(Losses)
 
on
Marketable
Securities
  
Retirement
Plans Prior
Service
Credit
  
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2017, net of tax of $0, $1,815, $(932)
 $
15,919
  $
1,362
  $
1,495
  $
18,776
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive
loss
before reclassifications, net of tax of $0, $(722), $0
  
(28,442
)  
(2,110
)  
—  
   
(30,552
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax of $0, $(21), $(71)
  
—  
   
1,337
   
(245
)  
1,092
 
                 
Net current period other comprehensive
loss
, net of tax of $0, $(743), $(71)
  
(28,442
)  
(773
)  
(245
)  
(29,460
)
                 
Reclassification of tax effects resulting f
rom
the Tax Reform Act,
net of tax of
$0, $(691), $(78), respectively (a)
  
—  
   
691
   
78
   
769
 
Reclassification of unrealized gains on equity securities, net of tax
 of
$0, $(902), $0, respectively, (b)
  
—  
   
(3,125
)  
—  
   
(3,125
)
                 
Balance at December 31, 2018, net of tax of $0, $(521), $(1,081)
  
(12,523
)  
(1,845
)  
1,328
   
(13,040
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive
(loss)
income before reclassifications, net of tax of $0, $1,659, $0
  
(10,991
)  
6,015
   
—  
   
(4,976
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax of $0, $(192), $(43)
  
—  
   
(690
  
(148
)  
(838
                 
Net current period other comprehensive
(loss)
income, net of tax of $0, $1,467, $(43)
  
(10,991
)  
5,325
   
(148
)  
(5,814
)
                 
Balance at December 31, 2019, net of tax of $0, $946, $(1,124)
 $
(23,514
) $
3,480
  $
1,180
  $
(18,854
)
                 
 
(a)In the year ended December 31, 2018, Teradyne early adopted ASU
2018-02,
“Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.”
As a result, the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Reform Act enacted in December 2017 were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings.
(b)In the year ended December 31, 2018, Teradyne adopted ASU
2016-01,
Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
.” See Note B: “Accounting Policies.”
   
Foreign

Currency

Translation

Adjustment
  
Unrealized

Gains
(Losses) on

Marketable

Securities
  
Unrealized

Losses on

Cash Flow
Hedges
  
Retirement

Plans Prior

Service

Credit
  
Total
 
         
(in thousands)
       
Balance at December 31, 2020, net of tax of $0, $1,910, $0, $(1,126), respectively
  $25,389  $6,954  $—    $1,173  $33,516 
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of tax of $0, $(578), $0, $0, respectively
   (36,207  (2,255  —     —     (38,462
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax of $0, $(277), $0, $(2), respectively
   —     (995  —     (7  (1,002
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Net current period other comprehensive loss, net of tax of $0, $(855), $0, $(2), respectively
   (36,207  (3,250  —     (7  (39,464
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2021, net of tax of $0, $1,055, $0, $(1,128), respectively
  $(10,818 $3,704  $—    $1,166  $(5,948
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of tax of $0, $(3,388), $(708), $0, respectively
   (29,031  (12,666  (2,517  —     (44,214
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
 
(loss),
 net of tax of $0, $25, $0, $(2), respectively
   —     301   —     (7  294 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Net current period other comprehensive loss, net of tax of $0, $(3,363), $(708), $(2), respectively
   (29,031  (12,365  (2,517  (7  (43,920
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2022, net of tax of $0, $(2,308), $(708), $(1,130), respectively
  $(39,849 $(8,661 $(2,517 $1,159  $(49,868
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
7
786

Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to the statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 2017,2020, were as follows:
                 
Details about Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income
Components
 
For the year ended
  
Affected Line Item
in the Statements
of Operations
 
 
December 31,
2019
  
December 31,
2018
  
December 31,
2017
   
 
(in thousands)
   
Available-for-sale
marketable securities
            
Unrealized
gains
(losses), net of tax of $192, $21, $297
 $
690
  $
(1,337
) $
441
   
Interest income (expense)
 
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans:
            
Amortization of prior service benefit, net of tax of $43, $71, $154
  
148
   
245
   
272
   
(a)
 
                 
Total reclassifications, net of tax of $235, $92, $451
 $
838
  $
(1,092
) $
713
   
Net income
 
                 
 
Details about Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income
 (Loss)
Components
  
For the year
s
ended
   
Affected Line Item

in the Statements

of Operations
 
   
December 31,

2022
  
December 31,

2021
   
December 31,

2020
     
      
(in thousands)
         
Available-for-sale marketable securities
                   
Unrealized (losses) gains, net of tax of $(25), $277, $665, respectively
  $(301 $995   $2,365    Other (income)
expense, net
 
 
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans:
                   
Amortization of prior service benefit, net of tax of $2, $2, $2, respectively
   7   7    7    (a
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
      
Total reclassifications, net of tax of $(23), $279, $667, respectively
  $(294 $1,002   $2,372    Net income 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
      
(a)
The amortization of prior service credit is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost and postretirement benefit; see Note P: “Retirement Plans.”
 
L.
L.    GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
Teradyne performs its annual goodwill impairment test as required under the provisions of ASC
350-10,
Intangibles—Goodwill and Other,
” on December 31 of each fiscal year unless interim indicators of impairment exist. Goodwill is considered to be impaired when the net book value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value.
Teradyne has the option to perform a qualitative assessment (“Step zero”) to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If Teradyne determines this is the case, Teradyne is required to perform the
two-step
a quantitative goodwill impairment test to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of goodwill impairment loss to be recognized. If Teradyne determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its carrying amounts, the
two-step
quantitative goodwill impairment test is not required. When performing the
two-step
process, the first step involves a comparison of the estimated fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. In performing the first step,quantitative goodwill impairment test, Teradyne determines the fair value of a reporting unit using the results derived from an income approach and a market approach,
, weighting the fair
value determined under each approach to determine an estimated fair value
for a report
ing unit
.reporting unit. The income approach is estimated through the discounted cash flowflows (“DCF”) analysis. Determining fair value requires the exercise of significant judgment, including judgments about appropriate discount rates, perpetual growth rates, and the amount and timing of expected future cash flows. Discount rates are based on a weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”), which represents the average rate a business must pay its providers of debt and equity, plus a risk premium. The WACC used to test goodwill is derived from a group of comparable companies. The cash flows employed in the DCF analysis are derived from internal forecasts and external market forecasts. The market approach estimates the fair value of the reporting unit by utilizing the market comparable method which is based on revenue and earnings multiples from comparable companies. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is not impaired and the second step of the impairment test is not necessary.impaired. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, then the second step of the goodwill impairment test must be performed. The second step of the goodwill impairment test compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with its carrying amount of goodwill to measureis written down by the amount of impairment loss, if any. The implied fairthat carrying value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a 
79

business combination, whereby the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all of the assets and
liabilities of that unit (including any unrecognized intangible assets) as if the reporting unit had been acquired in
a business combination andexceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, wasbut not below zero.
On September 15, 2020, Teradyne announced the purchase price paid. Ifappointment of Gregory Smith as President of Teradyne’s Robotics reportable segment effective October 1, 2020. With the carrying amountappointment of Gregory Smith, the Robotics
7
7

reportable segment, which includes UR and MiR
,
is considered one operating segment and one reporting unit. Teradyne performed a goodwill impairment test at the time of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceedschange in operating segments, which indicated the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.Teradyne’s reporting units exceeded their carrying values.
In the fourth quarter of 201
9
,2022, Teradyne performed the annual goodwill impairment test. Teradyne completed step one of the
two-step
impairment test, completing a quantitative assessment for the Universal Robots
, MiRRobotics reporting unit and Energid
reporting
units
. Teradyne completed step zeroa qualitative assessment for the Wireless Test
,
 Defense/Aerospace and
AutoGuide
System Test reporting units.units
. There was
no
impairment as a result of the annual test performed in the fourth quarter of 2022. Key assumptions in the goodwill valuation model are forecasted revenues, discount rate, earnings before interest and taxes, and revenue multiples from comparable companies. A change in any of these key assumptions could result in the reporting unit being impaired in a future period.
In the fourth quarter of 2021, Teradyne performed the annual goodwill impairment test, completing a quantitative assessment for the Wireless Test, and System Test reporting units and qualitative assessment for the
Robotics
reporting unit. There was no impairment as a result of the annual test performed in the fourth quarter of 201
9
.
Based on Teradyne’s December 31, 2019 goodwill impairment test, the MiR reporting unit’s estimated fair value exceeded its carrying value by 14%. The MiR goodwill amount is $123.6 million as of December 31, 2019.2021. Key assumptions in the goodwill valuation model are forecasted revenues, discount rate, earnings before interest and taxes, and revenue multiples from comparable companies. A change in any of these key assumptions could result in the reporting unit being impaired in a future period.
In the fourth quarter of 201
8
, Teradyne performed the annual goodwill impairment test. Teradyne completed step one of the
two-step
impairment test for the Universal Robots reporting unit. Teradyne completed step zero for the Wireless Test and Defense/Aerospace
,
MiR
,
and Energi
d
reporting units. There was no impairment as a result of the annual test performed in the fourth quarter of 201
8
.
In the fourth quarter of 2017, Teradyne performed the annual goodwill impairment test. Teradyne completed step one of the
two-step
impairment test for the Universal Robots reporting unit. Teradyne completed step zero for the Wireless Test and Defense/Aerospace reporting units. There was no impairment as a result of the annual test performed in the fourth quarter of 2017.
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 20192022 and 20182021 are as follows:
 
Industrial
Automation
  
Wireless
Test
  
Semiconductor
Test
  
System
Test
  
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2017:
               
Goodwill
 $
233,519
  $
361,819
  $
260,540
  $
158,699
  $
1,014,577
 
Accumulated impairment losses
  
—  
   
(353,843
)  
(260,540
)  
(148,183
)  
(762,566
)
                     
  
233,519
   
7,976
   
—  
   
10,516
   
252,011
 
MiR acquisition
  
135,976
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
135,976
 
Energid acquisition
  
14,394
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
14,394
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
  
(20,531
)  
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
(20,531
)
                     
Balance at December 31, 2018:
               
Goodwill
  
363,358
   
361,819
   
260,540
   
158,699
   
1,144,416
 
Accumulated impairment losses
  
—  
   
(353,843
)  
(260,540
)  
(148,183
)  
(762,566
)
                     
  
363,358
   
7,976
   
—  
   
10,516
   
381,850
 
Lemsys acquisition
  
—  
   
—  
   
1,428
   
—  
   
1,428
 
Auto
G
uide acquisition
  
41,372
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
41,372
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
  
(8,247
)  
—  
   
28
   
—  
   
(8,219
)
                     
Balance at December 31, 2019:
               
Goodwill
  
396,483
   
361,819
   
261,996
   
158,699
   
1,178,997
 
Accumulated impairment losses
  
—  
   
(353,843
)  
(260,540
)  
(148,183
)  
(762,566
)
                     
 $
396,483
  $
7,976
  $
1,456
  $
10,516
  $
416,431
 
                     
 
80

   
Robotics
  
Wireless

Test
  
Semiconductor

Test
  
System

Test
  
Total
 
         
(in thousands)
       
Balance at December 31, 2020:
                     
Goodwill
  $433,752  $361,819  $262,155  $158,699  $1,216,425 
Accumulated impairment losses
   —     (353,843  (260,540  (148,183  (762,566
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
    433,752   7,976   1,615   10,516   453,859 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
   (27,781  —     (54  —     (27,835
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2021:
                     
Goodwill
   405,971   361,819   262,101   158,699   1,188,590 
Accumulated impairment losses
   —     (353,843  (260,540  (148,183  (762,566
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
    405,971   7,976   1,561   10,516   426,024 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
   (22,805  —     (24  —     (22,829
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2022:
                     
Goodwill
   383,166   361,819   262,077   158,699   1,165,761 
Accumulated impairment losses
   —     (353,843  (260,540  (148,183  (762,566
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
   $383,166  $7,976  $1,537  $10,516  $403,195 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Intangible
Assets
Teradyne reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable or that the useful lives of these assets are no longer appropriate.
There were no events or circumstances indicating that the carrying value of intangible and long-lived assets may not be recoverable in 20192022, 2021 and 2020.
, 2018
and
2017
7
.8

Amortizable intangible assets consist of the following and are included in intangible assets, net on the balance sheets:
 
December 31, 2019
 
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
(1
)

(2)
  
Accumulated
Amortization
 (2)
  
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustment
  
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Developed technology
 $
361,787
  $
(279,000
) $
(5,709
) $
77,078
 
Customer relationships
  
75,669
   
(59,077
)  
(455
)  
16,137
 
Tradenames and trademarks
  
70,120
   
(36,671
)  
(1,184
)  
32,265
 
Backlog
  
260
   
(260
)  
—  
   
—  
 
Total intangible assets
 
507,836
  
(375,008
) 
(7,348
 $
125,480
 
                 
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
  
Accumulated
Amortization
  
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustment
  
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Developed technology
 $
336,308
  $
(252,080
) $
(4,079
) $
80,149
 
Customer relationships
  
97,153
   
(83,448
)  
(340
)  
13,365
 
Tradenames and trademarks
  
64,420
   
(31,653
)  
(799
)  
31,968
 
Non-compete
agreement
  
320
   
(320
)  
—  
   
—  
 
Backlog
  
30
   
(30
)  
—  
   
—  
 
                 
Total intangible assets
 $
498,231
  $
(367,531
) $
(5,218
) $
125,482
 
                 
   
December 31, 2022
 
   
Gross

Carrying

Amount (1)
   
Accumulated

Amortization (1)
   
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustment
   
Net

Carrying

Amount
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Developed technology
  $270,967   $(234,208  $(5,935  $30,824 
Customer relationships
   57,739    (51,186   172    6,725 
Tradenames and trademarks
   59,387    (41,930   (1,528   15,929 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total intangible assets
  $388,093   $(327,324  $(7,291  $53,478 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
December 31, 2021
 
   
Gross

Carrying

Amount
   
Accumulated

Amortization
   
Foreign Currency
Translation
Adjustment
   
Net

Carrying

Amount
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Developed technology
  $272,547   $(223,413  $(4,093  $45,041 
Customer relationships
   57,739    (48,921   209    9,027 
Tradenames and trademarks
   59,387    (37,237   (583   21,567 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total intangible assets
  $389,673   $(309,571  $(4,467  $75,635 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
(1)Includes intangible assets acquired in 2019, $37.7 million from the 
AutoGuide
acquisition and $4.6 million from the 
Lemsys
acquisition.
(2)In 2019, $32.72022, $1.6 million of amortizable intangible assets became fully amortized and have been eliminated from the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization.
Aggregate intangible assets amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 2017,2020, was $40.1$19.3 million, $39.2$21.5 million, and $30.5$30.8 million, respectively. Estimated intangible assets amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years is as follows:
Year
 
Amortization Expense
 
 
(in thousands)
 
2020
 $
30,606
 
2021
  
20,593
 
2022
  
19,700
 
2023
  
19,226
 
2024
  
18,921
 
Thereafter
  
16,434
 
Year
  
Amortization Expense
 
   
(in thousands)
 
2023
  $18,835 
2024
   18,527 
2025
   11,230 
2026
   2,350 
2027
   1,134 
Thereafter
   1,402 
M.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
81

M.    
COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
Purchase Commitments
As of December 31, 2019,
2022, Teradyne
had entered into
non-cancelable
purchase commitments for certain components and materials. The purchase commitments covered by the agreements aggregate to approximately $415.6$654.8 million, of which $412.9$570.3 million is for less than one year.
Legal Claims
Teradyne is subject to various legal proceedings and claims and investigations that arisewhich have arisen in the ordinary course of business such as, but not limited to, patent, employment, commercial and environmental matters. Teradyne believes that it has meritorious defenses against all pending claims and intends to vigorously contest them. While
79


it is not possible to predict or determine the outcomes of any pending claims or to provide possible ranges of losses that may arise, Teradyne believes the potential losses associated with all of these actions are unlikely to have a material adverse effect on its business, financial position or results of operations.
On March 8, 2021, Industrial Automation LLC, sellers of AutoGuide, submitted a demand for arbitration against Teradyne and AutoGuide in Wilmington, Delaware alleging that Teradyne and AutoGuide breached certain provisions of the Membership Interests Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated as of October 18, 2019, among Industrial Automation LLC, Teradyne and AutoGuide. The arbitration demand sought full acceleration of the maximum earn-out amount payable under the Purchase Agreement, or $106.9 million, for the alleged breach of the earn-out provisions of the Purchase Agreement. On March 25, 2022, the arbitration claim was settled for $26.7 million. As a result, Teradyne has no remaining earn-out obligations.
Guarantees and Indemnification Obligations
Teradyne provides indemnification, to the extent permitted by law, to its officers, directors, employees and agents for liabilities arising from certain events or occurrences, while the officer, director, employee, or agent, is or was serving, at Teradyne’s request in such capacity. Teradyne has enteredmay enter into indemnification agreements with certain of its officers and directors. With respect to acquisitions, Teradyne provides indemnifications to or assumes indemnification obligations for the current and former directors, officers and employees of the acquired companies in accordance with the acquired companies’
by-laws
and charter. As a matter of practice, Teradyne has maintained directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage including coverage for directors and officers of acquired companies.
Teradyne enters into agreements in the ordinary course of business with customers, resellers, distributors, integrators and suppliers. Most of these agreements require Teradyne to defend and/or indemnify the other party against intellectual property infringement claims brought by a third party with respect to Teradyne’s products. From time to time, Teradyne also indemnifies customers and business partners for damages, losses and liabilities they may suffer or incur relating to personal injury, personal property damage, product liability, breach of confidentiality obligations and environmental claims relating to the use of Teradyne’s products and services or resulting from the acts or omissions of Teradyne, its employees, authorized agents or subcontractors. On occasion, Teradyne has also provided guarantees to customers regarding the delivery and performance of its products in addition to the warranty described below.
As a matter of ordinary
course of
business, Teradyne warrants that its products will substantially perform in accordance with its standard published specifications in effect at the time of delivery. Most warranties have a
one-year
duration commencing from installation. A provision is recorded upon revenue recognition to cost of revenuerevenues for estimated warranty expense based upon historical experience. When Teradyne receives revenue for extended warranties beyond the standard duration,
the revenue
is deferred and recognized on a straight
-
linestraight-line basis over the contract period. Related costs are expensed as incurred. As of December 31, 20192022, and 2018
,
2021, Teradyne had a product warranty accrual of $9.0$14.2 million and $7.9$24.6 million, respectively, included in other accrued liabilities, and revenue deferrals related to extended warranties of $30.7$56.2 million and $27.4$64.2 million, respectively, included in short and long-term deferred revenue and customer advances.
In addition, in the ordinary course of business, Teradyne provides minimum purchase guarantees to certain vendors to ensure continuity of supply against the market demand. Although some of these guarantees provide penalties for cancellations and/or modifications to the purchase commitments as the market demand decreases, most of the guarantees do not. Therefore, as the market demand decreases, Teradyne
re-evaluates
these guarantees and determines what charges, if any, should be recorded.
82

With respect to its agreements covering product, business or entity divestitures and acquisitions, Teradyne provides certain representations, warranties and covenants to purchasers and agrees to indemnify and hold such purchasers harmless against breaches of such representations, warranties and covenants. Many of the
8
0

indemnification claims have a definite expiration date while some remain in force indefinitely. With respect to its acquisitions, Teradyne may, from time to time, assume the liability for certain events or occurrences that took place prior to the date of acquisition.
As a matter of ordinary course of business, Teradyne occasionally guarantees certain indebtedness obligations of its subsidiary companies, limited to the borrowings from financial institutions, purchase commitments to certain vendors, and lease commitments to landlords.
Based on historical experience and information known as of December 31, 2019,2022, and 2018,2021, except for product warranty, Teradyne has not recorded any liabilities for these guarantees and obligations because the amount would be immaterial.
N.
N.    NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per common share:
 
      2019      
  
      2018      
  
      2017      
 
 
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Net income for basic and diluted net income per share
 $
467,468
  $
451,779
  $
257,692
 
             
Weighted average common shares-basic
  
170,425
   
187,672
   
198,069
 
Effect of dilutive potential common shares:
         
Incremental shares from assumed conversion of convertible notes (1)
  
4,909
   
2,749
   
1,298
 
Convertible note hedge warrant shares (2)
  
2,698
   
485
   
112
 
Restricted stock units
  
1,236
   
1,385
   
1,800
 
Stock options
  
178
   
278
   
335
 
Employee stock purchase rights
  
13
   
36
   
27
 
             
Dilutive potential common shares
  
9,034
   
4,933
   
3,572
 
             
Weighted average common shares-diluted
  
179,459
   
192,605
   
201,641
 
             
Net income per common share-basic
 $
2.74
  $
2.41
  $
1.30
 
             
Net income per common share-diluted
 $
2.60
  $
2.35
  $
1.28
 
             
 
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
   
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Net income for basic and diluted net income per share
  $715,501   $1,014,589   $784,147 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares-basic
   158,434    164,960    166,120 
Effect of dilutive potential common shares:
               
Convertible note hedge warrant shares (1)
   8,806    9,956    6,989 
Incremental shares from assumed conversion of convertible notes (2)
   1,763    7,435    8,528 
Restricted stock units
   657    1,180    1,264 
Stock options
   52    86    131 
Employee stock purchase rights
   22    8    10 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Dilutive potential common shares
   11,300    18,665    16,922 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares-diluted
   169,734    183,625    183,042 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net income per common share-basic
  $4.52   $6.15   $4.72 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net income per common share-diluted
  $4.22   $5.53   $4.28 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
(1)
Convertible notes hedge warrant shares were calculated using the difference between the average Teradyne stock price for the period and the warrant price, multiplied by the number of warrant shares. The result of this calculation, representing the total intrinsic value of the warrant, was divided by the average Teradyne stock price for the period.
(2)
Incremental shares from the assumed conversion of the convertible notes was calculated using the difference between the average Teradyne stock price for the period and the conversion price, of $31.62, multiplied by 14.5 millionthe number of convertible notes shares. The result of this calculation, representing the total intrinsic value of the convertible debt, was divided by the average Teradyne stock price for the period.
(2)Convertible notes hedge warrant shares were calculated using the difference between the average Teradyne stock price for the period and the warrant price of $39.68, multiplied by 14.5 million shares. The result of this calculation, representing the total intrinsic value of the warrant, was divided by the average Teradyne stock price for the period.
The computation of diluted net income per common share for 20182022 excludes the effect of the potential exercise of stock options to purchase approximately 0.1 million shares and restricted stock units to purchase approximately 0.50.4 million shares because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
The computation of diluted net income per common share for 20172021 excludes the effect of the potential exercise of stock options to purchase approximately 0.1 million shares and restricted stock units to purchase approximately 0.1 million shares because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
 
O.
RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER
83
During the year ended December 31, 2022, Teradyne recorded a charge of $14.7 million related to the arbitration claim filed against Teradyne and AutoGuide related to an earn-out dispute, which was settled on March 25, 2022 for $26.7 million, $2.9 million of severance charges primarily in Robotics, and a charge of $2.7 million for an increase in environmental and legal liabilities, partially offset by a $3.4 million gain on sale of asset.
8
1

O.    RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER
During the year ended December 31, 2019,2021, Teradyne recorded
a gain
charge of $
22.2
$12.0 million
for the
decrease
 in the fair value of the MiR contingent consideration liability
, parti
a
lly o
ffset by
a
 $3.0 million
 increase in the fair value
of the
 AutoGuide contingent consideration
 liability
,
$2.9 million
 of severance charges related to headcount reductions primarily in Semiconductor Testthe arbitration claim filed against Teradyne and
Industrial Automation, and $2.5
 million for acquisition AutoGuide related expenses and compensation
.
During the year ended December 31, 2018, Teradyne recordedto an expense of $17.7 million for the increase in the fair value of the MiR contingent consideration liability, $8.7earn-out dispute, $1.5 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions primarily in Semiconductor Test,Robotics, $0.5 million of acquisition related compensation and $4.5expenses and $2.5 million for acquisition relatedother expenses, and compensation, partially offset by a $7.2 million gain of $
16.7
 million for the decrease in the fair value of the Universal RobotsAutoGuide contingent consideration liability.
During the year ended December 31, 2017,2020, Teradyne recorded an expense of $7.8a $19.7 million gain for the increasedecrease in the fair value of the Universal RobotsAutoGuide contingent consideration liability, $3.8and a $3.5 million gain for the decrease in the fair value of the MiR contingent consideration liability, partially offset by a charge of $4.0 million for contract termination settlement, $2.5 million of acquisition related compensation and expenses, $2.3 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions primarily in Semiconductor Test, $1.1 million for an impairment of fixed assets in Semiconductor Test, $1.0 million for a lease impairment of a Wireless Test facility in Sunnyvale, CA, which was terminated in September 2017,Robotics, and $0.8$1.2 million of expenses related to an earthquake in Kumamoto, Japan, partially offset by $5.1 million of property insurance recovery related to the Japan earthquake.other expenses.
P.
P.    RETIREMENT PLANS
ASC 715
,
Compensation—Retirement Benefits,
” requires an employer with defined benefit plans or other postretirement benefit plans to recognize an asset or a liability on its balance sheet for the overfunded or underfunded status of the plans as defined by ASC 715. The pension asset or liability represents a difference between the fair value of the pension plan’s assets and the projected benefit obligation at December 31. Teradyne uses a December 31 measurement date for all of its plans.
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
Teradyne has defined benefit pension plans covering a portion of domestic employees and employees of certain
non-U.S.
subsidiaries. Benefits under these plans are based on employees’ years of service and compensation. Teradyne’s funding policy is to make contributions to the plans in accordance with local laws and to the extent that such contributions are tax deductible. The assets of these plans consist primarily of fixed income and equity securities. In addition, Teradyne has an unfunded supplemental executive defined benefit plan in the United States to provide retirement benefits in excess of levels allowed by the Employment Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) and the Internal Revenue Code (the “IRC”), as well as unfunded qualified foreign plans.
In 2022, Teradyne’s projected benefit obligations decreased primarily due to actuarial gains of approximately $59.1 million across all pension plans from increases in discount rates, and approximately $3.1 million gain from foreign exchange effects for foreign plans. In 2021, Teradyne’s projected benefit obligations decreased primarily due to actuarial gains of approximately $8.7 million across all pension plans from increases in discount rates, and approximately $3.3 million gain from foreign exchange effects for foreign plans.
During 2018, Teradyne purchased a group annuity contract for its retiree participants in the U.S. qualified pension plan. Under the group annuity, the accrued pension obligations for approximately 1,700 retiree participants were transferred to an insurance company. The reduction in the pension benefit obligation and pension assets was $151.3 million. During 2018, Teradyne recorded a settlement loss of $0.3 million related to the retiree group annuity transaction.
8482

The December 31 balances of these defined benefit pension plans assets and obligations are shown below:
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Assets and Obligations
            
Change in benefit obligation:
            
Projected benefit obligation:
            
Beginning of year
 $
178,237
  $
39,146
  $
363,026
  $
39,353
 
Service cost
  
1,608
   
751
   
2,196
   
786
 
Interest cost
  
7,189
   
691
   
8,940
   
687
 
Actuarial
loss
(gain)
  
24,447
   
4,520
   
(30,136
)  
773
 
Benefits paid
  
(7,690
)  
(836
)  
(14,793
)  
(741
)
Retiree annuity purchase
  
 
 
   
—  
   
(151,341
)  
—  
 
Liability loss due to settlement
  
—  
   
—  
   
345
   
—  
 
Non-U.S.
currency movement
  
—  
   
(320
)  
—  
   
(1,712
)
                 
End of year
  
203,791
   
43,952
   
178,237
   
39,146
 
                 
Change in plan assets:
            
Fair value of plan assets:
            
Beginning of year
  
144,301
   
1,400
   
324,506
   
1,307
 
Company contributions
  
2,805
   
923
   
2,587
   
822
 
Actual return on plan assets
  
27,516
   
64
   
(16,658
)  
50
 
Benefits paid
  
(7,690
)  
(836
)  
(14,793
)  
(741
)
Retiree annuity purchase
  
—  
   
—  
   
(151,341
)  
—  
 
Non-U.S.
currency movement
  
—  
   
35
   
—  
   
(38
)
                 
End of year
  
166,932
   
1,586
   
144,301
   
1,400
 
                 
Funded status
 $
(36,859
) $
(42,366
) $
(33,936
) $
(37,746
)
                 
  
2022
  
2021
 
  
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
 
  
(in thousands)
 
Assets and Obligations
                
Change in benefit obligation:
                
Projected benefit obligation:
                
Beginning of year
 $192,472  $45,774  $202,233  $50,988 
Service cost
  1,588   784   1,784   941 
Interest cost
  4,886   482   4,427   337 
Actuarial (gain) loss
  (45,932  (13,181  (6,432  (2,257
Benefits paid
  (9,200  (863  (9,337  (925
Liability (gain) loss due to settlement
  —     —     (204  —   
Non-U.S. currency movement
  —     (3,061  —     (3,310
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
End of year
  143,814   29,935   192,472   45,774 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Change in plan assets:
                
Fair value of plan assets:
                
Beginning of year
  149,578   2,017   158,855   1,856 
Actual return on plan assets
  (31,835  153   (3,217  33 
Company contributions
  3,217   949   3,276   1,022 
Benefits paid
  (9,200  (863  (9,337  (925
Non-U.S. currency movement
  —     (169  —     31 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
End of year
  111,760   2,087   149,578   2,017 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Funded status
 $(32,054 $(27,848 $(42,894 $(43,757
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
The following table provides amounts recorded within the account line items of the statements of financial position as of December 31:
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Retirement plans assets
 $
18,457
  $
—  
  $
16,883
  $
—  
 
Accrued employees’ compensation and withholdings
  
(2,826
)  
(922
)  
(2,676
)  
(852
)
Retirement plans liabilities
  
(52,490
)  
(41,444
)  
(48,143
)  
(36,894
)
                 
Funded status
 $
(36,859
) $
(42,366
) $
(33,936
) $
(37,746
)
                 
The following table provides amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income as of December 31:
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Deferred taxes related to prior service cost recognized in other comprehensive income
 $
560
  $
—  
  $
560
  $
—  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
2022
   
2021
 
   
United

States
   
Foreign
   
United

States
   
Foreign
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Retirement plans assets
  $11,761   $—     $15,110   $—   
Accrued employees’ compensation and withholdings
   (3,055   (1,191   (3,288   (936
Retirement plans liabilities
   (40,760   (26,657   (54,716   (42,821
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Funded status
  $(32,054  $(27,848  $(42,894  $(43,757
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
The accumulated benefit obligation for the United States defined benefit pension plans was $198.2$140.6 million and $172.8$187.5 million at December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, respectively. The accumulated benefit obligation for foreign defined benefit pension plans was $39.9$28.6 million and $35.6$42.5 million at December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, respectively.
8
5

Information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets as of December 31:
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
 
 
(in millions)
 
Projected benefit obligation
 $
55.3
  $
44.0
  $
50.8
  $
39.1
 
Accumulated benefit obligation
  
53.2
   
39.9
   
48.6
   
35.6
 
Fair value of plan assets
  
—  
   
1.6
   —     
1.4
 
   
2022
   
2021
 
   
United
States
   
Foreign
   
United
States
   
Foreign
 
   
(in millions)
 
Projected benefit obligation
  $43.8   $29.9   $58.0   $45.8 
Accumulated benefit obligation
   42.3    28.6    55.7    42.5 
Fair value of plan assets
   —      2.1    —      2.0 
8
3

Expense
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 2017,2020, Teradyne’s net periodic pension
(income) cost
(income) was comprised of the following:
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
United
States
  
Foreign
  
United
States
  
Foreign
  
United
States
  
Foreign
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Components of Net Periodic Pension
Cost
(Income):
      
Service cost
 $
1,608
  $
751
  $
2,196
  $
786
  $
2,239
  $
818
 
Interest cost
  
7,189
   
691
   
8,940
   
687
   
13,151
   
852
 
Expected return on plan assets
  
(6,042
)  
(29
)  
(9,049
)  
(19
)  
(12,008
)  
(165
)
Amortization of prior service cost
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
58
   
—  
   
70
   
—  
 
Net actuarial
loss
(gain)
  
2,973
   
4,485
   
(4,429
)  
743
   
(6,712
)  
(310
)
Settlement loss
  
—  
   
 
 
   
345
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
 
                         
Total net periodic pension
cost
(income)
 $
5,728
  $
5,898
  $
(1,939
) $
2,197
  $
(3,260
) $
1,195
 
                         
Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income:
                  
Reversal of amortization items:
                  
Prior service cost
  
—  
   
—  
   
(58
)  
—  
   
(70
)  
—  
 
                         
Total recognized in other comprehensive income
  
—  
   
—  
   
(58
)  
—  
   
(70
)  
—  
 
                         
Total recognized in net periodic pension
cost
(income)
and other comprehensive income
 $
5,728
  $
5,898
  $
(1,997
) $
2,197
  $
(3,330
) $
1,195
 
                         
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
   
United

States
  
Foreign
  
United

States
  
Foreign
  
United

States
  
Foreign
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Components of Net Periodic Pension (Income) Cost:
                         
Service cost
  $1,588  $784  $1,784  $941  $1,773  $907 
Interest cost
   4,886   482   4,427   337   5,770   516 
Expected return on plan assets
   (2,927  (75  (3,858  (67  (4,840  (65
Net actuarial(gain) loss
   (11,170  (13,259  643   (2,223  6,463   2,949 
Settlement (gain) loss
   —     —     (204  —     451   —   
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Total net periodic pension (income) cost
  $(7,623 $(12,068 $2,792  $(1,012 $9,617  $4,307 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Weighted Average Assumptions to Determine Net Periodic Pension Cost at January 1:
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
 
Discount rate
  
4.1
%  
1.8
%  
3.4
%  
1.8
%  
3.9
%  
1.8
%
Expected return on plan assets
  
4.3
   
2.0
   
4.3
   
1.5
   
4.0
   
2.0
 
Salary progression rate
  
2.5
   
2.5
   
2.3
   
2.7
   
2.6
   
2.7
 
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
   
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
 
Discount rate
   2.5  1.1  2.2  0.7  2.8  1.1
Expected return on plan assets
   2.0   4.0   2.4   3.5   3.0   3.8 
Salary progression rate
   2.4   2.2   2.4   2.3   2.6   2.5 
Weighted Average Assumptions to Determine Pension Obligations at December 31:
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
 
Discount rate
  
3.0
%  
1.1
%  
4.1
%  
1.8
%
Salary progression rate
  
2.6
   
2.5
   
2.5
   
2.6
 
 
86

   
2022
  
2021
 
   
United
States
  
Foreign
  
United
States
  
Foreign
 
Discount rate
   4.9  3.5  2.6  1.1
Salary progression rate
   2.5   2.1   2.4   2.2 
In developing the expected return on plan assets assumption, Teradyne evaluates input from its investment manager and pension consultants, including their forecast of asset class return expectations. Teradyne believes that 4.25%2.0% was an appropriate rate to use for fiscal 2019year 2022 for the U.S. Qualified Pension Plan (“U.S. Plan”).
Teradyne recognizes net actuarial gains and losses and the change in the fair value of the plan assets in its operating results in the year in which they occur or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. Teradyne calculates the expected return on plan assets using the fair value of the plan assets. Actuarial gains and losses are generally measured annually as of December 31 and, accordingly, recorded during the fourth quarter of each year or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans.
The discount rate utilized to determine future pension obligations for the U.S. Plan is based on FTSE Pension Index adjusted for the plan’s expected cash flows and was 3.10%4.9% at December 31, 2019,
down
2022, up from 4.15%2.6% at December 31, 2018.2021.
Plan Assets
As of December 31, 2019,2022, the fair value of Teradyne’s pension plans’ assets totaled $168.5$113.8 million, of which $166.9$111.8 million was related to the U.S. Plan and $1.6$2.1 million was related to the Taiwan defined benefit pension plan. Substantially all of Teradyne’s pension plans’ assets are held in individual trusts, which were established for the investment of assets of Teradyne’s sponsored retirement plans.
8
4

The following table provides weighted average pension asset allocation by asset category at December 31, 20192022 and 2018:2021:
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
United States
  
Foreign
  
United States
  
Foreign
 
Fixed income securities
  
94.0
%  
—  
%  
94.0
%  
—  
%
Equity securities
  
5.0
   
—  
   
5.0
   
—  
 
Other
  
1.0
   
100.0
   
1.0
   
100.0
 
                 
  
100.0
%  
100.0
%  
100.0
%  
100.0
%
                 
   
2022
  
2021
 
   
United
States
  
Foreign
  
United
States
  
Foreign
 
Fixed income securities
   94.0  —    94.0  —  
Equity securities
   5.0   —     5.0   —   
Other
   1.0   100.0   1.0   100.0 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
    100.0  100.0  100.0  100.0
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
The assets of the U.S. Plan are overseen by the Teradyne Fiduciary Committee which is comprised of members of senior management drawn from appropriate diversified levels of the management team. The Fiduciary Committee is responsible for setting the policy that provides the framework for management of the U.S. Plan assets. In accordance with its responsibilities, the Fiduciary Committee meets on a regular basis to review the performance of the U.S. Plan assets and compliance with the investment policy. The policy sets forth an investment structure for managing U.S. Plan assets, including setting the asset allocation ranges, which are expected to provide an appropriate level of overall diversification required to maximize the long-term return on plan assets for a prudent and reasonable level of risk given prevailing market conditions, total investment return over the long term, and preservation of capital, while maintaining sufficient liquidity to pay the benefits of the U.S. Plan. The investment portfolio will not, at any time, have a direct investment in Teradyne stock. It may have indirect investment in Teradyne stock, if one of the funds selected by the investment manager invests in Teradyne stock. In developing the asset allocation ranges, third party asset allocation studies are periodically performed that consider the current and expected positions of the plan assets and funded status. Based on this study and other appropriate information, the Fiduciary Committee establishes asset allocation ranges taking into account acceptable risk targets and associated returns. The investment return objectives are to avoid excessive volatility and produce a rate of return that at least matches the Policy Index identified below. The manager’s investment performance is reviewed at least annually. Results for the total portfolio and for each major category of assets are evaluated in comparison
with
appropriate market indices and the Policy Index.
87

The target asset allocation and the index for each asset category for the U.S. Plan, per the investment policy, are as follows:
Asset Category:
  
Policy Index:
 
Target

Allocation
 
U.S. corporate fixed income
  
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Corporate A or Better Index
  
75
%
Global equity
MSCI World Minimum Volatility Index
5
 
U.S. government fixed income
  
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Long Government Bond Index
  14
14Global equity
MSCI World Minimum Volatility Index5 
High yield fixed income
  
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Corporate High Yield Index
  
5
 
Cash
  
Citigroup Three Month U.S. Treasury Bill
Index
  
1
 
Teradyne’s U.S. Plan invests primarily in common trust funds. Units held in the common trust funds are valued at the unit price as reported by the investment manager based on the asset value of the
underlying investments; underlying investments in equity securities are valued at the last reported sales price, and underlying investments in fixed-income securities are generally valued using methods based upon market transactions for comparable securities.
In 2017, the U.K. defined benefit pension was terminated and the obligations and assets of the plan were transferred to an insurance company.
During the yearyears ended December 31, 2019,2022 and December 31, 2021, there were no transfers of pension assets in or out of Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3. During the year ended December 31, 2018, $2.7 million
8
5

The fair value of pension plan assets by asset category and by level at December 31, 201920
2
2 and December 31, 2018202
1
 were as follows:
                                 
 
December 31, 2019
 
 
United States
  
Foreign
 
 
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
  
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Fixed income securities:
                        
Corporate debt securities
 $
—  
  $
133,792
  $
—  
  $
133,792
  $
—  
  $
—  
  $
—  
  $
—  
 
U.S. government securities
  
—  
   
23,186
   
—  
   
23,186
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
 
Global equity
  
—  
   
8,344
   
—  
   
8,344
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
 
Other
  
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
1,586
   
—  
   
1,586
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  
1,610
   
—  
   
—  
   
1,610
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
 
                                 
Total
 $
1,610
  $
165,322
  $
—  
  $
166,932
  $
—  
  $
1,586
  $
—  
  $
1,586
 
                                 
 
   
December 31, 2022
 
   
United States
   
Foreign
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Fixed income securities:
                                        
Corporate debt securities
  $—     $89,403   $—     $89,403   $—     $—     $—     $—   
U.S. government securities
   —      15,631    —      15,631    —      —      —      —   
Global equity
   —      5,579    —      5,579    —      —      —      —   
Other
   —      —      —      —      —      2,087    —      2,087 
Cash and cash equivalents
   1,147    —      —      1,147    —      —      —      —   
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $1,147   $110,613   $—     $111,760   $—     $2,087   $—     $2,087 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
                                 
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
United States
  
Foreign
 
 
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
  
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Fixed income securities:
                        
Corporate debt securities
 $
—  
  $
115,424
  $
—  
  $
115,424
  $
—  
  $
—  
  $
—  
  $
—  
 
U.S. government securities
  
—  
   
20,176
   
—  
   
20,176
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
 
Global equity
  
—  
   
7,252
   
—  
   
7,252
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
 
Other
  
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
1,400
   
—  
   
1,400
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  
1,449
   
—  
   
—  
   
1,449
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
 
                                 
Total
 $
1,449
  $
142,852
  $
—  
  $
144,301
  $
—  
  $
1,400
  $
—  
  $
1,400
 
                                 
 
88

Changes in the fair value of Level 3 group annuity insurance contracts for the year ended December 31, 2018
were
as follows:
     
 
Group Annuity Insurance Contracts
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2017
 $
3,166
 
Transfer out of level 3
  
(2,658
)
Purchase
s
o
f
r
etiree annuity
insurance
 
c
ontracts
  
(512
)
Interest and market value adjustments
  
59
 
Benefits paid
  
(40
)
Other
  
(15
)
     
Balance at December 31, 2018
 $
—  
 
     
   
December 31, 2021
 
   
United States
   
Foreign
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
   
 
(in thousands)
 
Fixed income securities:
                                        
Corporate debt securities
  $—     $119,805   $—     $119,805   $—     $—     $—     $—   
U.S. government securities
   —      20,847    —      20,847    —      —      —      —   
Global equity
   —      7,426    —      7,426    —      —      —      —   
Other
   —      —      —      —      —      2,017    —      2,017 
Cash and cash equivalents
   1,500    —      —      1,500    —      —      —      —   
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $1,500   $148,078   $—     $149,578   $—     $2,017   $—     $2,017 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Contributions
Teradyne’s funding policy is to make contributions to the plans in accordance with local laws and to the extent that such contributions are tax deductible. During 2019,2022, Teradyne contributed $2.8$3.2 million to the U.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension plan and $0.9 million to certain qualified plans for
non-U.S.
subsidiaries. During 2018,2021, Teradyne contributed $2.6$3.3 million to the U.SU.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension plan and $0.8$1.0 million to certain qualified plans for
non-U.S.
subsidiaries. In
2020
, 2023, contributions to the U.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension plan and certain qualified plans from
non-U.S.
subsidiaries will be approximately $2.8$3.1 million and $1.0$1.3 million, respectively.
Contributions to the U.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension plan and certain non-U.S. subsidiaries qualified plans will be approximately $6.4 million and $2.1 million, respectively, in 1 to 3 years, $7.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively, in 3 to 5 years and $17.4 million and $7.0 million, respectively, thereafter.
8
6

Expected Future Pension Benefit Payments
Future benefit payments are expected to be paid as follows:
         
 
United States
  
Foreign
 
 
(in thousands)
 
2020
 $
8,027
  $
1,237
 
2021
  
8,416
   
985
 
2022
  
9,163
   
982
 
2023
  
9,785
   
1,258
 
2024
  
10,558
   
1,098
 
2025-2029
  
59,665
   
6,129
 
 
   
United States
   
Foreign
 
   
(in thousands)
 
2023
  $10,323   $1,239 
2024
   9,274    1,055 
2025
   9,912    1,014 
2026
   9,971    1,130 
2027
   10,742    1,239 
2028-2031
   52,877    8,216 
Postretirement Benefit Plans
In addition to receiving pension benefits, U.S. Teradyne employees who meet early retirement eligibility requirements as of their termination dates may participate in Teradyne’s Welfare Plan, which includes medical and dental benefits up to age 65. Death benefits provide a fixed sum to retirees’ survivors and are available to all retirees. Substantially all of Teradyne’s current U.S. employees could become eligible for these benefits, and the existing benefit obligation relates primarily to those employees.
89

The December 31 balances of the postretirement assets and obligations are shown below:
         
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Assets and Obligations
      
Change in benefit obligation:
      
Projected benefit obligation:
      
Beginning of year
 $
9,256
  $
6,177
 
Service cost
  
41
   
39
 
Interest cost
  
347
   
196
 
Actuarial loss
  
717
   
25
 
Benefits paid  
(1,358
  
(889
)
Special termination benefits
  
 
 
   
3,708
 
         
End of year
  
9,003
   
9,256
 
         
Change in plan assets:
      
Fair value of plan assets:
      
Beginning of year
  
—  
   
—  
 
Company contributions
  
1,358
   
889
 
Benefits paid
  
(1,358
)  
(889
)
         
End of year
  
—  
   
—  
 
         
Funded status
 $
(9,003
) $
(9,256
)
         
 
   
2022
   
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Assets and Obligations
          
Change in benefit obligation:
          
Projected benefit obligation:
          
Beginning of year
  $7,210   $8,515 
Service cost
   64    64 
Interest cost
   177    170 
Actuarial gain
   (1,155   (433
Benefits paid
   (950   (1,107
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
End of year
   5,345    7,210 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Change in plan assets:
          
Fair value of plan assets:
          
Beginning of year
   —      —   
Company contributions
   950    1,107 
Benefits paid
   (950   (1,107
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
End of year
   —      —   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Funded status
  $(5,345  $(7,210
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
The following table provides amounts recorded within the account line items of financial position as of December 31:
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Accrued employees’ compensation and withholdings
 $
(1,231
) $
(1,310
)
Retirement plans liability
  
(7,772
)  
(7,946
)
         
Funded status
 $
(9,003
) $
(9,256
)
         
   
2022
   
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Accrued employees’ compensation and withholdings
  $(853  $(930
Retirement plans liability
   (4,492   (6,280
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Funded status
  $(5,345  $(7,210
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
8
7

The following table provides amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31:
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Prior service credit, before tax
 $
(58
) $
(249
)
Deferred taxes
  
(1,684
)  
(1,641
)
         
Total recognized in other comprehensive income, net of tax
 $
(1,742
) $
(1,890
)
         
 
90

   
2022
   
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Prior service credit, before tax
  $(31  $(40
Deferred taxes
   (1,689   (1,688
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
  $(1,720  $(1,728
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Expense
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 2017,2020, Teradyne’s net periodic postretirement benefit (income) cost (income) was comprised of the following:
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Components of Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit
Cost (income):
         
Service cost
 $
41
  $
39
  $
34
 
Interest cost
  
347
   
196
   
201
 
Amortization of prior service credit
  
(191
)  
(373
)  
(496
)
Net actuarial loss
  
717
   
25
   
398
 
Special termination benefits
  
   
3,708
   
591
 
             
Total net periodic postretirement benefit cost
  
914
   
3,595
   
728
 
             
Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income:
         
Prior service cost
  
—  
   
—  
   
—  
 
Reversal of amortization items:
         
Prior service credit
  
191
   
373
   
496
 
             
Total recognized in other comprehensive income
  
191
   
373
   
496
 
             
Total recognized in net periodic postretirement cost and other comprehensive income
 $
1,105
  $
3,968
  $
1,224
 
             
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Components of Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Income (cost ):
               
Service cost
  $64   $64   $57 
Interest cost
   177    170    240 
Amortization of prior service credit
   (9   (9   (9
Net actuarial (gain) loss
   (1,155   (433   421 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total net periodic postretirement benefit (income) cost
   (923   (208   709 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income:
               
Reversal of amortization items:
               
Prior service credit
   9    9    9 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total recognized in other comprehensive income
   9    9    9 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total recognized in net periodic postretirement (income) cost and other comprehensive income
  $(914  $(199  $718 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Weighted Average Assumptions to Determine Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Income as of January 1:
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
Discount rate
  
4.0
%  
3.4
%  
3.9
%
Initial health care cost trend rate
  
7.5
   
7.9
   
7.3
 
Ultimate health care cost trend rate
  
4.5
   
4.5
   
5.0
 
Year in which ultimate health care cost trend rate is reached
  
2026
   
2026
   
2023
 
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
Discount rate
   2.6  2.2  3.0
Initial health care cost trend rate
   7.3   7.3   7.1 
Ultimate health care cost trend rate
   4.5   4.5   4.5 
Year in which ultimate health care cost trend rate is reached
   2029   2029   2026 
Weighted Average Assumptions to Determine Postretirement Benefit Obligation as of December 31:
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
Discount rate
  
3.0
%  
4.0
%  
3.4
%
Initial medical trend
  
7.1
   
7.5
   
7.9
 
Ultimate health care trend
  
4.5
   
4.5
   
4.5
 
Medical cost trend rate decrease to ultimate rate in year
  
2026
   
2026
   
2026
 
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
Discount rate
   5.0  2.6  2.2
Initial medical trend
   7.2   7.3   7.3 
Ultimate health care trend
   4.5   4.5   4.5 
Medical cost trend rate decrease to ultimate rate in year
   2032   2029   2029 
Assumed health care trend rates could have a significant effect on the amounts reported for health care plans. A one percentage point change in the assumed health care cost trend rates for the year ended December 31, 2019 would have the following effects:88
 
1 Percentage
Point
Increase
  
1 Percentage
Point
Decrease
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Effect on total service and interest cost components
 $
6
  $
(6
)
Effect on postretirement benefit obligations
  
139
   
(133
)
91


Contributions
Contributions to the U.S. postretirement benefit plan will be approximately $0.9 million in 2023, $1.3 million in 1 to 3 years, $0.8 million in 3 to 5 years and $1.3 million, thereafter.
Expected Future Benefit Payments
Future benefit payments are expected to be paid as follows:
 
Benefit Payments
 
 
(in thousands)
 
2020
 $
1,231
 
2021
  
1,171
 
2022
  
958
 
2023
  
789
 
2024
  
662
 
2025-2029
  
1,965
 
   
Benefit Payments
 
   
(in thousands)
 
2023
  $853 
2023
   688 
2024
   573 
2025
   436 
2027
   386 
2028-2031
   1,291 
Q.
Q.    STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock Compensation Plans
On July 17, 2019 (the “Retirement Date”), former Chief Financial Officer Gregory Beecher retired as Vice President and Senior Advisor of Teradyne, and Teradyne entered into an agreement (the “Retirement Agreement”) with Mr. Beecher. Under the Retirement Agreement, Mr. Beecher’s unvested time-based restricted stock units and stock options granted prior to 2019 were modified to allow continued vesting; unvested time-based restricted stock units and stock options granted in 2019 were modified to allow continued vesting through January 31, 2023 (the
“Non-Competition
Period”) in a
pro-rated
amount based on the number of days that Mr. Beecher was employed during 2019; unvested, performance-based restricted stock units awarded in 2019 will vest on the date the amount of shares underlying the performance-based restricted stock units are determined in a
pro-rated
amount of shares based on the number of days that Mr. Beecher was employed during 2019; vested options or options that vest during the
Non-Competition
Period may be exercised for the remainder of the applicable option term. During 2019, Teradyne recorded a stock based compensation expense of $2.1 million related to the Retirement Agreement.
Under Teradyne’s stock compensation plans, Teradyne grants
time-based
restricted stock units,
,
performance-based restricted stock units,
stock
option
s
options and employees are eligible to purchase Teradyne’s common stock through its Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”).
Time-based
Service-based restricted stock unit awards granted to employees vest in equal annual installments over four years. Restricted stock unit awards granted to
non-employee
directors vest
after
a
one-y
ear
p
eriod,
one-year period, with
100%
o
f
t
he
of the award
vesting
on the earlier of (a) the first anniversary of the grant date or (b) the date of the following year’s Annual Meeting of Shareholders. Teradyne expenses the cost of the restricted stock unit awards subject to time
-
basedtime-based vesting, which is determined to be the fair market value of the shares at the date of grant, ratably over the period during which the restrictions lapse.
P
erformance
-
basedPerformance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”)
granted
to
Teradyne’
s
Teradyne’s executive officers
may
have
a performance metric based on relative total shareholder return (“TSR”). Teradyne’s three-year TSR performance is measured against the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) Composite Index. The final number of TSR PRSUs that vest will vary based upon the level of performance achieved from 200%0% to 0%200% of the target shares capped at four times the grant date value for grants prior to 2019.shares. The TSR PRSUs will
vest upon the three-year anniversary of the grant date. The TSR PRSUs are valued using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The number of units expected to be earned, based upon the achievement of the TSR market condition, is factored into the grant date Monte Carlo valuation. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the three-year service period or the period from the grant to the date described in the retirement provisions below. Compensation expense for employeesexecutive officers meeting the retirement provisions prior to the grant date will beis recognized in full onduring the date ofyear following the grant. Compensation expense is recognized regardless of the eventual number of units that are earned based upon the market condition, provided the executive officer remains an employee at the end
of the three-year period. Compensation expense is reversed if at any time during the three-year service period the executive officer is no longer an employee, subject to the retirement and termination eligibility provisions noted below.
PRSUs
granted to
Teradyne’s
executive officers
may also have
a performance metric based on three-year cumulative
non-GAAP
profit before interest and tax (“PBIT”) as a percent of Teradyne’s revenue.
Non-GAAP
PBIT is a financial measure equal to GAAP income from operations less restructuring and other, net; amortization of acquired intangible assets; acquisition and divestiture related charges or credits; pension actuarial gains and losses;
non-cash
convertible debt interest expense; and other
non-recurring
gains and charges. The final
8
9

number of PBIT PRSUs that vest will vary based upon the level of performance achieved from 200%0% to 0%200% of the target shares. The PBIT PRSUs will vest upon the three-year anniversary of the grant date. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the
shorter of the
three-year service period
or the period from the grant date to the date described in the retirement provisions below. Compensation expense for employeesexecutive officers meeting the retirement provisions prior to the grant date will beis recognized in full onduring the date of grant
.year following the grant. Compensation expense is recognized based on the number of units that are earned based upon the three-year Teradyne PBIT as a percent of Teradyne’s revenue, provided the executive officer remains an employee at the end of the three-year period subject to the retirement and termination eligibility provisions noted below.
If a PRSU recipient’s employment ends prior to the determination of the performance percentage due to (1) permanent disability or death or (2) retirement or termination other than for cause, after attaining both at least age sixty and at least ten years of service, then all or a portion of the recipient’s PRSUs (based on the actual performance percentage achieved on the determination date) will vest on the date the performance percentage is determined. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, no PRSUs will vest if the executive officer is no longer an employee at the end of the three-yearthree-year period.
Stock options to purchase Teradyne’s common stock at 100% of the fair market
value
on the grant date vest in equal annual installments over four years from the grant date and have a maximum term of seven years.
During 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017,2020, Teradyne granted 0.80.4 million, 0.60.3 million and 0.80.4 million of service-based restricted stock unit awards to employees at a weighted average grant date fair value of $37.65, $45.92$109.42, $114.16, and $28.19,$71.31, respectively.
During 2019, 20182022, 2021, and 2017,2020, Teradyne granted 0.1 million of service-based restricted stock unit awards to non-employee directors at a weighted average grant date fair value of $48.03, $35.81$105.93, $128.70, and $34.48,$66.56, respectively.
During 2022, 2021, and 2020, Teradyne granted 0.1 million of PBIT PRSUs with a grant date fair value of $110.84, $113.65 and $70.94, respectively.
During 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017,2020, Teradyne granted
0.1 million TSR PRSUs, with a grant date fair value of $51.51, $54.85$101.06, $125.02, and $35.66$89.93, respectively. The fair value was estimated using the Monte Carlo simulation model with the following assumptions:
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
Risk-free interest rate
  
2.6
%  
2.2
%  
1.5
%
Teradyne volatility-historical
  
31.9
%  
26.8
%  
26.6
%
NYSE Composite Index volatility-historical
  
11.9
%  
12.4
%  
13.4
%
Dividend yield
  
1.0
%  
0.8
%  
1.0
%
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
Risk-free interest rate
   1.4  0.2  1.5
Teradyne volatility-historical
   47.1  43.9  34.9
NYSE Composite Index volatility-historical
   22.7  22.9  11.4
Dividend yield
   0.4  0.4  0.6
Expected volatility was based on the historical volatility of Teradyne’s stock and the NYSE Composite Index for
each of
the 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 20172020 grants over the most recent three-year period. The risk-free interest rate was determined using the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of
each of the grants
.grants. Dividend yield was based upon an estimated annual dividend amount of $0.36$0.44 per share for 2019
 and
2018 and $0.282022, $0.40 per share for 2017
,
2021, and $0.40 per share for 2020, divided by Teradyne’s stock price on the grant date of $37.95$112.12 for the 2019
2022 grants,
, $47.70 $113.48 for the 2018
2021 grants,
and $28.56$72.10 for 2017
grants
.
the 2020 grants.
93

During 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017,2020, Teradyne granted 0.1 million
of
PBIT PRSUs with a grant date fair value of $36.88, $46.62 and $27.72, respectively.
During
2019
,
2018
 and
2017
,
Teradyne
granted
0.1
 million of service-based stock options to executive officers at a weighted average grant date fair value of $
10.64
,
 $
12.17
$39.01, $36.60, and $
7.13
,$20.93, respectively.
9
0

The fair value of stock options was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
Expected life (years)
  
5.0
   
5.0
   
5.0
 
Risk-free interest rate
  
2.5
%  
2.4
%  
2.0
%
Volatility-historical
  
30.1
%  
26.4
%  
27.8
%
Dividend yield
  
1.00
%  
0.80
%  
1.00
%
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
Expected life (years)
   4.0   5.0   5.0 
Risk-free interest rate
   1.6  0.4  1.5
Volatility-historical
   43.7  37.8  32.0
Dividend yield
   0.4  0.4  0.5
Teradyne determined the stock
options’
expected life based upon historical exercise data for executive officers, the age of
the executive officers
and the terms of the stock option
grant
. grant. Volatility was determined using historical volatility for a period equal to the expected life. The
risk-free
interest rate was determined using the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. Dividend yield was based upon an estimated annual dividend amount of $0.36$0.44 per share divided by Teradyne’s stock on the grant date of $112.12 for the 2022 grant, $0.40 per share divided by Teradyne’s stock price on the grant date of $37.95$113.48 for the 20192021 grants, $47.70and $72.61 for the 2018 grants and $28.56 for the 20172020 grants.
Stock compensation plan activity for the years 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 2017,2020, is as follows:
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Restricted Stock Units:
         
Non-vested
at January 1
  
2,454
   
3,174
   
3,778
 
Awarded
  
1,139
   
790
   
939
 
Vested
  
(1,237
)  
(1,382
)  
(1,434
)
Forfeited
  
(87
)  
(128
)  
(109
)
             
Non-vested
at December 31
  
2,269
   
2,454
   
3,174
 
             
Stock Options:
         
Outstanding at January 1
  
506
   
531
   
926
 
Granted
  
102
   
69
   
111
 
Exercised
  
(280
)  
(94
)  
(501
)
Forfeited
  
(7
)  
—  
   
—  
 
Expired
  
(2
)  
—  
   
(5
)
             
Outstanding at December 31
  
319
   
506
   
531
 
             
Vested and expected to vest at December 31
  
319
   
506
   
531
 
             
Exercisable at December 31
  
85
   
256
   
233
 
             
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Restricted Stock Units:
               
Non-vested at January 1
   1,417    1,789    2,269 
Awarded
   660    447    616 
Vested
   (709   (749   (1,028
Forfeited
   (51   (70   (68
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Non-vested at December 31
   1,317    1,417    1,789 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Stock Options:
               
Outstanding at January 1
   171    216    319 
Granted
   42    34    56 
Exercised
   (25   (78   (159
Forfeited
   —      (1   —   
Expired
   —      —      —   
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Outstanding at December 31
   188    171    216 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Vested and expected to vest at December 31
   188    171    216 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Exercisable at December 31
   69    30    27 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total shares available for the years 2022, 2021, and 2020:

   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Shares available:
               
Available for grant at January 1
   5,713    6,123    6,727 
Options granted
   (42   (34   (56
Options forfeited
   —      1    —   
Restricted stock units awarded
   (660   (447   (616
Restricted stock units forfeited
   51    70    68 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Available for grant at December 31
   5,062    5,713    6,123 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
9
1

Total shares available for the years 2019, 2018, and 2017:
             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Shares available:
         
Available for grant at January 1
  
7,874
   
8,605
   
9,546
 
Options granted
  
(102
)  
(69
)  
(111
)
Options forfeited
  7       
Restricted stock units awarded
  
(1,139
)  
(790
)  
(939
)
Restricted stock units forfeited
  
87
   
128
   
109
 
             
Available for grant at December 31
  
6,727
   
7,874
   
8,605
 
             
Weighted average restricted stock unit award date fair value information for the years 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 2017
,
2020, is as follows:
             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
Non-vested
at January 1
 $
29.22
  $
21.71
  $
18.27
 
Awarded
  
39.08
   
45.99
   
28.91
 
Vested
  
23.59
   
20.20
   
17.90
 
Forfeited
  
35.60
   
24.67
   
20.35
 
Non-vested
at December 31
 $
35.58
  $
29.22
  $
21.71
 
 
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
Non-vested at January 1
  $67.97   $47.84   $35.58 
Awarded
   108.74    115.51    72.76 
Vested
   54.27    43.99    31.53 
Forfeited
   85.71    65.52    45.36 
Non-vested at December 31
  $88.71   $67.97   $47.84 
Restricted stock unit awards aggregate intrinsic value information at December 31 for the years 2019, 2018
,
2022, 2021, and 20172020 is as follows:
             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Vested
 $
46,110
  $
63,688
  $
40,649
 
Outstanding
  
154,752
   
77,015
   
132,875
 
Expected to vest
  
152,374
   
77,187
   
130,594
 
 
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Vested
  $95,408   $101,679   $71,582 
Outstanding
   115,087    231,763    214,509 
Expected to vest
   108,666    231,246    210,301 
Restricted stock units weighted average remaining contractual terms (in years) information at December 31 for the years 2019, 2018,
2022, 2021, and
2017 2020 is as follows:
             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
Outstanding
  
1.02
   
0.92
   
1.00
 
Expected to vest
  
1.02
   
0.91
   
0.99
 
 
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
Outstanding
   0.99    0.89    0.96 
Expected to vest
   0.99    0.89    0.96 
Weighted average stock options exercise price information for the year ended December 31, 20192022 is as follows:
     
 
2019
 
Outstanding at January 1
 $
19.06
 
Options granted
  
37.95
 
Options exercised
  
13.20
 
Options forfeited
  
36.75
 
Options cancelled
  
1.48
 
Outstanding at December 31
  
29.91
 
Exercisable at December 31
  
14.97
 
 
   
2022
 
Outstanding at January 1
  $62.13 
Options granted
   112.12 
Options exercised
   37.13 
Options forfeited
   —   
Options cancelled
   —   
Outstanding at December 31
   76.52 
Exercisable at December 31
   55.90 
The total cash received from employees as a result of employee stock options exercisesexercised during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 2017,2020, was $3.7$0.9 million, $1.0$3.1 million, and $6.8$3.8 million, respectively. In connection with these exercises, the tax benefit realized by Teradyne for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 2017,2020, was $2.0$0.1 million, $0.4 million, and $2.5$1.5 million, respectively.
95

Stock option aggregate intrinsic value information for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 20172020 is as follows:
             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Exercised
 $
9,232
  $
2,960
  $
8,035
 
Outstanding
  
12,218
   
7,359
   
14,831
 
Vested and expected to vest
  
7,701
   
7,359
   
14,831
 
Exercisable
  
4,517
   
5,905
   
9,076
 
 
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Exercised
  $2,030   $6,345   $9,682 
Outstanding
   3,963    17,356    16,083 
E
xpected to vest
   1,583    13,500    13,499 
Vested and exercisable
   2,380    3,856    2,584 
 
9
2

Stock options weighted average remaining contractual terms (in years) information at December 31, for the years 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 20172020 is as follows:
             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
Outstanding
  
4.2
   
3.6
   
4.1
 
Vested and expected to vest
  
5.0
   
3.6
   
4.1
 
Exercisable
  
2.1
   
2.4
   
2.8
 
 
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
Outstanding
   4.2    4.4    4.6 
E
xpected to vest
   4.8    4.8    4.9 
Vested and exercisable 
   3.1    2.5    2.5 
As of December 31, 2019,2022, total unrecognized expense related to
non-vested
restricted stock unit awards and stock options was $45$61.1 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.82.5 years.
In 2022, 2021 and 2020, Teradyne recognized a discrete tax benefit of $12.3 million, $14.7 million and $9.6 million, respectively, related to net excess tax benefit.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Under the ESPP, eligible employees may purchase shares of common stock through regular payroll deductions of up to 10% of their compensation, to a maximum of shares with a fair market value of $25,000 per calendar year, not to exceed 6,000 shares. Under the plan, the price paid for the common stock is equal to 85% of the stock price on the last business day of the
six-month
purchase period.
In July 2019, 0.32022, 0.2 million shares of common stock were issued to employees who participated in the plan during the first half of 20192022 at the price of $40.72$76.12 per share. In January 2020,2023, Teradyne issued 0.2 million shares of common stock to employees who participated in the plan during the second half of 20192022 at the price of $57.96$74.25 per share.
In July 2018, 0.32021, 0.1 million shares of common stock were issued to employees who participated in the plan during the first half of 20182021 at the price of $32.36$113.87 per share. In January 2019,2022, Teradyne issued 0.40.1 million shares of common stock to employees who participated in the plan during the second half of 20182021 at the price of $26.67$139.00 per share.
In July 2017, 0.32020, 0.2 million shares of common stock were issued to employees who participated in the plan during the first half of 20172020 at the price of $25.53$71.83 per share. In January 2018,2021, Teradyne issued 0.30.1 million shares of common stock to employees who participated in the plan during the second half of 20172020 at the price of $35.59$101.91 per share.
As of December 31, 2019,2022, there were 1.83.9 million shares available for grant under the ESPP.
96

The following table provides the effect to income from operations for recording stock-based compensation for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 2017:2020:
             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Cost of revenues
 $
3,480
  $
3,129
  $
3,212
 
Engineering and development
  
9,913
   
9,181
   
9,370
 
Selling and administrative
  
24,504
   
21,267
   
21,515
 
             
Stock-based compensation
  
37,897
   
33,577
   
34,097
 
Income tax benefit
  
(8,360
)  
(12,036
)  
(10,462
)
             
Total stock-based compensation expense after income taxes
 $
29,537
  $
21,541
  $
23,635
 
             
 
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Cost of revenues
  $4,050   $4,196   $4,227 
Engineering and development
   9,992    9,783    12,039 
Selling and administrative
   34,186    31,664    28,640 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Stock-based compensation
   48,228    45,643    44,906 
Income tax benefit
   (11,493   (14,389   (13,060
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total stock-based compensation expense after income taxes
  $36,735   $31,254   $31,846 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
9
3

R.
R.    SAVINGS PLAN
Teradyne sponsors a defined contribution employee retirement savings plan (“Savings Plan”) covering substantially all U.S. employees. Under the Savings Plan, employees may contribute up to 20% of their compensation (subject to Internal Revenue Service limitations). The Savings Plan provides for a discretionary employer match that is determined each year. In 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017,2020, Teradyne matched 100% of eligible employee contributions up to 4% of their compensation for employees not accruing benefits in the U.S. Qualified Pension Plan. There was no match for employees still actively accruing benefits in the U.S. Qualified Pension Plan. Teradyne’s contributions vest 25% per year for the first four years of employment, and contributions for those employees with four years of service vest immediately.
In addition, Teradyne
sponsors
an unfunded U.S. Supplemental Savings Plan to provide savings benefits in excess of those allowed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code. The provisions of this plan are the same as the Savings Plan. The liability for the U.S. Supplemental Savings Plan at December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, was $32.7$44.1 million and $24.4$47.2 million, respectively, and is included in retirement plan liabilities. Teradyne
contributes to
defined
contributions
savings plans for its foreign employees. Under Teradyne’s savings plans, amounts charged to the statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 20172020 were $20.9$30.1 million, $19.4$26.9 million, and $16.8$21.7 million, respectively.
 
S.
97

S.    INCOME TAXES
The components of income (loss) before income taxes and the provision (benefit) for income taxes as shown in the consolidated statements of operations were as follows:
             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Income before income taxes
         
U.S.
 $
192,442
  $
189,691
  $
76,699
 
Non-U.S.
  
333,330
   
278,110
   
447,713
 
             
 $
525,772
  $
467,801
  $
524,412
 
             
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
         
Current:
         
U.S. Federal
 $
19,297
  $
(59,122
) $
162,679
 
Non-U.S.
  
52,810
   
45,083
   
64,313
 
State
  
(4,347
  
1,721
   
2,623
 
             
  
67,760
   
(12,318
)  
229,615
 
             
Deferred:
         
U.S. Federal
  
(4,522
  
29,252
   
43,687
 
Non-U.S.
  
(8,007
)  
(1,243
)  
(6,476
)
State
  
3,073
   
331
   
(106
)
             
  
(9,456
  
28,340
   
37,105
 
             
Total provision for income taxes
 $
58,304
  $
16,022
  $
266,720
 
             
 
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Income before income taxes:
               
U.S.
  $385,968   $403,451   $312,153 
Non-U.S.
   454,417    757,504    588,862 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   $840,385   $1,160,955   $901,015 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes:
               
Current:
               
U.S. Federal
  $86,692   $58,218   $58,678 
Non-U.S.
   74,204    105,153    75,193 
State
   2,681    300    (1,315
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
    163,577    163,671    132,556 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Deferred:
               
U.S. Federal
   (36,739   (15,106   (12,604
Non-U.S.
   1,232    (4,300   (5,127
State
   (3,186   2,101    2,043 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
    (38,693   (17,305   (15,688
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total provision for income taxes:
  $124,884   $146,366   $116,868 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Income tax expense for 2019
,
20182022, 2021 and 20172020 totaled $58.3
$124.9 million,
, $16.0 
$146.4 million,
and $266.7$116.9 million, respectively. The effective tax rate for 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 20172020 was 11.1%14.9%, 3.4%12.6% and 50.9%13.0%, respectively.
On
At December 22, 2017,31, 2022, Teradyne’s remaining tax liability resulting from the U.S. enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Reform Act”), making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code. The Tax Reform Act has significant direct and indirect implications for accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes” some of which could not be calculated with precision until further clarification and guidance was made available from tax authorities, regulatory bodies or the FASB. In light of this uncertainty, on December 22, 2017 the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 118, “Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act,” to address uncertainty in the application of U.S. GAAP when the registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Reform Act. In accordance with SAB 118, Teradyne recorded $186.0 million of additional income tax expense in the fourth quarter of 2017 which represented Teradyne’s best estimate of the impact of the Tax Reform Act in accordance with Teradyne’s understanding of the Tax Reform Act and available guidance as of that date. The $186.0 million was primarily composed of expense of $161.0 million related to the
one-time
transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings $33.6amounts to $67.0 million. Teradyne will pay approximately $7.9 million of expense related to the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the rates at which they are expected to reverse in the future, and a benefit of $10.3 million associated with the impact of correlative adjustments on uncertain tax positions. In accordance with the requirements of SAB 118, in the fourth quarter of 2018
,
Teradyne completed its analysis of the effect of the Tax Reform Act based on the application of the most recently available guidance as of December 31, 2018 and recorded $49.5 million of net income tax benefit. The net benefit consisted of $51.7 million of benefit resulting from a reduction in the estimate of the
one-time
transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriationin 2023, $34.5 million in 1 to 3 years, and $24.6 million in 3 to 5 years.
94

Teradyne has made an accounting policy election to account for GILTIglobal intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) as a component of tax expense in the period in which Teradyne is subject to the rules and therefore did not provide any deferred tax impacts of GILTI in its consolidated financial statements.
98

The increase in the effective tax rate from 2018 to 2019 is primarily attributable to increases in expense associated with GILTI and the transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings. These increases in expense were partially offset by increased benefit from the U.S. foreign derived intangible income deduction, foreign tax credits and a net reduction of reserves for uncertain tax positions.
On July 27, 2015, in Altera Corp. (“Altera”) v. Commissioner, the U.S. Tax Court issued an opinion invalidating the regulations relating to the treatment of stock-based compensation expense in an intercompany cost-sharing arrangement. A final decision was issued by the Tax Court in December 2015. The IRS appealed the decision in June 2016. On July 24, 2018, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (“Ninth Circuit”) issued a decision that was subsequently withdrawn and a reconstituted panel conferred on the appeal. On June 7, 2019, the Ninth Circuit upheld the cost-sharing regulations. On November 12, 2019
,
the Ninth Circuit denied Altera’s petition for rehearing of its case. As a result, duringAltera’s application for certiorari to the Supreme Court was declined on June 22, 2020. In the fourth quarter of 2019,2020 and 2021, Teradyne recognized aapproximately $2.3 million of tax expense and $2.5 million of approximately $6.3 milliontax benefit in 2020 and 2021, respectively, related to the inclusion of stock-based compensation in its intercompany cost-sharing arrangement.
The decreaseincrease in the effective tax rate from 20172021 to 2018 was2022 is primarily attributable to the $186.0 million of income tax expense recorded in the fourth quarter of 2017
for
the impact of the Tax Reform Act and the $51.7 million of income tax benefit recorded in the fourth quarter of 2018 resulting from a reduction in the estimate of the
one-time
transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings and an expense of $2.2 million associated with the impact of correlative adjustments on uncertain tax positions. The change in the effective tax rate from 2017 to 2018 was also impacted by a shift in the geographic distribution of income, which increased the income subject to taxation in the U.S.higher tax rate jurisdictions relative to lower tax rate jurisdictions, the benefit ofincreases in expense from U.S. global low-taxed income and increases in expense from non-deductible officer compensation. These increases in expense were partially offset by increases in benefits from the U.S. foreign derived intangible income deduction and increasestax credits.
The decrease in discretethe effective tax rate from 2020 to 2021 is primarily attributable to a decrease in the expense from U.S. global low-taxed income partially offset by a decrease in the benefit from
non-taxable
foreign exchange gainstax credits and losses.a shift in the geographic distribution of income, which increased the income subject to taxation in higher tax rate jurisdictions relative to lower tax rate jurisdictions.
A reconciliation of the effective tax rate for the years 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 20172020 is as follows:
             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
U.S. statutory federal tax rate
  
21.0
%  
21.0
%  
35.0
%
U.S. global intangible low-taxed income
  
6.2
   
0.3
   
 
 
 
U.S. transition tax
  
1.9
   
(10.5
)  
28.7
 
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit
  
0.5
   
0.1
   
(0.4
Foreign tax credits
  
(5.9
  
(2.2
  
(2.2
Uncertain tax positions
  
(4.3
)  
1.0
   
1.7
 
Foreign taxes
  (4.0)  (2.0)  (16.3)
U.S. foreign derived intangible income
  (2.6)  (1.8)  
 
 
 
U.S. research and development credit
  
(1.8
)  
(2.2
)  
(1.6
)
Equity compensation
  
(0.7
  
(1.2
  
(0.8
)
Impact of rate change on deferred taxes
  
—  
   0.3   6.9 
Domestic production activities deduction
  
—  
   
—  
   (0.3
Other, net
  
0.8
   
0.6
   
0.2
 
             
  11.1%  3.4%  50.9%
             
 
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
U.S. statutory federal tax rate
   21.0  21.0  21.0
Non-deductible officers’ compensation
   1.3   0.8   0.5 
U.S. global intangible low-taxed income
   1.2   0.6   2.1 
U.S. foreign derived intangible income
   (3.1  (2.3  (2.2
Foreign taxes
   (1.9  (4.5  (5.6
U.S. research and development credit
   (1.8  (1.4  (1.3
Equity compensation
   (1.1  (1.0  (0.8
Foreign tax credits
   (1.0  (0.5  (1.2
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit
   (0.1  0.2   0.3 
Other, net
   0.4   (0.3  0.2 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
    14.9  12.6  13.0
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Teradyne qualifies for a tax holiday in Singapore by fulfilling the requirements of an agreement with the Singapore Economic Development Board under which certain headcount and spending requirements must be met. The tax savings attributable to the Singapore tax holiday for the years ended December 31, 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 20172020 were $15.1$16.0 million or $
0.08
$0.09 per diluted share, $
11.9
$33.3 million or $0.06$0.18 per diluted share, and $24.8$29.9 million or $0.12$0.16 per diluted share, respectively. In November 2020, Teradyne entered into an agreement with the Singapore Economic Development Board which extended our Singapore tax holiday under substantially similar terms to the agreement which expired on December 31, 2020. The new tax holiday is scheduled to expire on
December 31, 20202025.
.
95


Significant components of Teradyne’s deferred tax assets (liabilities) as of December 31, 20192022 and 20182021 were as follows:
         
 
2019
  
2018
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Deferred tax assets
      
Tax credits
 $
79,480
  $
69,091
 
Accruals
  
25,424
   
23,449
 
Pension liabilities
  
24,459
   
20,826
 
Inventory valuations
  
18,572
   
18,514
 
Deferred revenue
  
7,622
   
9,130
 
Equity compensation
  
7,042
   
7,190
 
Vacation accrual
  
4,768
   
4,772
 
Investment impairment
 
  3,292    
Net operating loss carryforwards
  
2,705
   
3,658
 
Marketable
 
s
ecurities
  
   
962
 
Other
  
1,472
   
685
 
         
Gross deferred tax assets
  
174,836
   
158,277
 
Less: valuation allowance
  
(77,177
)  
(69,852
)
         
Total deferred tax assets
 $
97,659
  $
88,425
 
         
Deferred tax liabilities:
      
Depreciation
 $
(18,238
) $
(14,028
)
Intangible assets
  
(16,705
)  
(24,211
)
Marketable securities
  (1,601)  
—  
 
         
Total deferred tax liabilities
 $
(36,544
) $
(38,239
)
         
Net deferred assets
 $
61,115
  $
50,186
 
         
 
   
2022
   
2021
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Deferred tax assets:
          
Tax credits
  $105,503   $98,378 
Research and development
   47,760    —   
Accruals
   30,747    41,459 
Inventory valuations
   22,554    20,991 
Pension liabilities
   21,335    28,722 
Lease liability
   18,679    16,484 
Deferred revenue
   14,909    11,164 
Equity compensation
   6,578    6,630 
Vacation accrual
   5,856    6,050 
Investment impairment
   3,292    3,292 
Marketable securities
   2,283    —   
Net operating loss carryforwards
   1,857    1,721 
Intangible assets
   350    —   
Other
   2,520    774 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Gross deferred tax assets
   284,223    235,665 
Less: valuation allowance
   (103,807   (97,170
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total deferred tax assets
  $180,416   $138,495 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
          
Depreciation
  $(19,078  $(10,691
Right-of-use assets
   (16,607   (14,738
Contingent consideration
   (5,214   (5,214
Intangible assets
       (8,531
Marketable securities
       (3,220
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total deferred tax liabilities
  $(40,899  $(42,394
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net deferred assets
  $139,517   $96,101 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
As of December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, Teradyne evaluated the likelihood that it would realize deferred income taxes to offset future taxable income and concluded that it is more likely than not that a substantial majority of its deferred tax assets will be realized through consideration of both the positive and negative evidence. At December 31, 20192022 and 2018,2021, Teradyne maintained a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets of $77.2$103.8 million and $69.9$97.2 million, respectively, primarily related to state net operating losses and state tax credit carryforwards, due to the uncertainty regarding their realization. Adjustments could be required in the future if Teradyne estimates that the amount of deferred tax assets to be realized is more or less than the net amount recorded.
96

At December 31, 2019,2022, Teradyne had tax effected operating loss carryforwards that expire in the following years:
             
 
State
Operating Loss
Carryforwards
 
 
Federal
Operating Loss
Carryforwards
  
Foreign
Operating Loss
Carryforwards
 
 
 
 
 
(
in
t
housands
)
 
 
 
 
 
2020
 $
269
  $  $
—  
 
2021
  
2,141
   
—  
   
—  
 
2022
  
4,934
   
—  
   
—  
 
2023
  
4,342
   
—  
   
—  
 
2024
  
1,498
   
—  
   
—  
 
2025-2029
  
7,673
   
—  
   
—  
 
2030-2034
  
4,329
   
—  
   
15
 
Beyond 2034
  
2,185
   
554
   
74
 
Non-expiring
  
1,357
   
—  
   
4,207
 
             
Total
 $
28,728
  
$
 
554  $
4,296
 
             
 


   
State

Operating Loss

Carryforwards
   
Foreign

Operating Loss

Carryforwards
 
   
(in thousands)
 
2023
  $222   $—   
2024
   6    —   
2025
   4    —   
2026
   —      —   
2027
   —      —   
2028-2032
   299    676 
2033-2037
   44    3 
Beyond 2037
   24    —   
Non-expiring
   29    550 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  $628   $1,229 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Teradyne has approximately $108.4$138.4 million of tax credit carryforwards including federal business tax credits of approximately $2.1$2.4 million which expire in 2028
and 2029
,
through 2032, and state tax credits of $106.3$136.1 million, of which $59.7$72.0 million do not expire and the remainder expires in the years 20202023 through 2039.2042.
Teradyne’s gross unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 20172020 were as follows:
             
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Beginning balance, as of January 1
 $
43,395
  $
36,263
  $
38,958
 
Additions:
         
Tax positions for current year
  
1,322
   
4,716
   
8,208
 
Tax positions for prior years
  
8,043
   
2,626
   
199
 
Reductions:
         
Tax positions for prior years
  
(31,397
)  
(153
)  
(10,573
)
Expiration of statutes
  
(183
)  
(57
)  
(325
)
Settlements with tax authorities
  
—  
   
—  
   
(204
)
             
Ending balance as of December 31
 $
21,180
  $
 
43,395
  $
36,263
 
             
 
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Beginning balance as of January 1
  $14,465   $17,903   $21,180 
Additions:
               
Tax positions for current year
   1,398    1,417    1,082 
Tax positions for prior years
   13    30    66 
Reductions:
               
Tax positions for prior years
   (56   (1,639   (2,989
Expiration of statutes
   (212   (3,246   (1,436
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending balance as of December 31
  $15,608   $14,465   $17,903 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Current year additions and prior year reductions relate to federal and state research credits. Prior year additions primarilyreductions and expirations of statute relate to
stock-based compensation
. Prior year reductions are primarily composed of federal and state reserves related to transfer pricing and research credits and resulted from the completion of the 2015 U.S. federal audit in the first quarter of 2019.
foreign net operating loss carryforwards.
Of the $21.2$15.6 million of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2019, $12.72022, $10.1 million would impact the consolidated income tax rate if ultimately recognized. The remaining $8.5$5.5 million would impact deferred taxes if recognized.
As of December 31, 2022, Teradyne
does not anticipate a material change in the
balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2019
induring the next twelve months
.months.
Teradyne records all interest and penalties related to income taxes as a component of income tax expense. Accrued interest and penalties related to income tax items at December 31, 20192022 and 20182021 amounted to $1.4$0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017, expense of $1.1 million,2020, expense of $0.1 million, and benefit of $0.1$0.9 million, and expense of $0.2 million, respectively, was recorded for interest and penalties related to income tax items.
97

Teradyne is subject to U.S. federal income tax, as well as income tax in multiple state, local and foreign jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2019,2022, all material state and local income tax matters have been concluded through 2013,2017, all material federal income tax matters have been concluded through
2015
2017 and all material foreign income tax matters have been concluded through
2011
. 2016. However, in some jurisdictions, including the United States, operating losses and tax credits may be subject to adjustment until such time as they are utilized and the year of utilization is closed to adjustment.
As of December 31, 2019,2022, Teradyne is not permanently reinvested with respect to the unremitted earnings of
non-U.S.
subsidiaries to the extent that those earnings exceed local statutory and operational requirements. Remittance of those earnings is not expected to result in material income tax.
T.
T.    OPERATING SEGMENT, GEOGRAPHIC AND SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMER INFORMATION
Teradyne has 4 four
reportable segments (Semiconductor Test, Industrial Automation
,
System Test,
Wireless Test and Wireless Test)Robotics). Each of the Semiconductor Test, System Test, and Wireless Testreportable segments is alsorepresents an individual
101

operating segment. The Industrial AutomationOn September 15, 2020, Teradyne announced the appointment of Gregory Smith as President of Robotics reportable segment consistseffective October 1, 2020. With the appointment of operating segments with discrete financial information, which have been combined into onethe President of Robotics, the Robotics reportable segment as they share similar economic characteristics, types of products, production processes, distribution channels,is considered one operating segment and currency risks.one reporting unit. The Semiconductor Test segment includes operations related to the design, manufacturing and marketing of semiconductor test products and services. The System Test segment includes operations related to the design, manufacturing and marketing of products and services for storage and system level test, defense/aerospace instrumentation test, storage test, and circuit-board test. The Industrial AutomationWireless Test segment includes operations related to the design, manufacturing and marketing of wireless test products and services. The Robotics segment includes operations related to the design, manufacturing and marketing of collaborative robotic arms, autonomous mobile robots and advanced robotic control software. The Wireless TestEach operating segment includes operations relatedhas a segment manager who is accountable to and maintains regular contract with Teradyne’s chief operating decision maker (Teradyne’s chief executive officer) to discuss operating activities, financial results, forecasts, and plans for the design, manufacturing and marketing of wireless test products and services.segment.
Teradyne evaluates performance based on several factors, of which the primary financial measure is business segment income (loss) before income taxes. The accounting policies of the business segments are the same as those described in Note B: “Accounting Policies.”
98

Segment information for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018,2022, 2021, and 20172020 is as follows:
                         
 
Semiconductor
Test
  
Industrial Automation
  
System
Test
  
Wireless
Test
  
Corporate
And
Other
  
Consolidated
 
 
(in thousands)
 
2019
                  
Revenues
 $
1,552,571
  $
298,139
  $
287,455
  $
157,315
  $
(515
) $
2,294,965
 
Income (loss) before taxes (1)(2)
  
416,973
   
(5,916
  
93,543
   
35,585
   
(14,413
  
525,772
 
Total assets (3)
  
784,808
   
671,559
   
131,428
   
97,299
   
1,101,920
   
2,787,014
 
Property additions
  
112,145
   
9,076
   
3,059
   
10,362
   
—  
   
134,642
 
Depreciation and amortization expense
  
59,197
   
40,904
   
5,518
   
5,365
   
9,671
   
120,655
 
2018
                  
Revenues
 $
1,492,417
  $
261,452
  $
216,132
  $
132,006
  $
(1,205
) $
2,100,802
 
Income (loss) before taxes (1)(2)
  
397,645
   
7,670
   
48,857
   
29,052
   
(15,423
)  
467,801
 
Total assets (3)
  
669,452
   
607,502
   
88,098
   
77,570
   
1,263,984
   
2,706,606
 
Property additions
  
94,496
   
11,188
   
3,469
   
5,226
   
—  
   
114,379
 
Depreciation and amortization expense
  
58,095
   
36,755
   
6,430
   
5,328
   
6,616
   
113,224
 
2017
                  
Revenues
 $
1,662,549
  $
170,056
  $
192,135
  $
111,866
  $
—  
  $
2,136,606
 
Income (loss) before taxes (1)(2)
  
491,361
   
8,763
   
10,305
   
17,350
   
(3,368
)  
524,411
 
Total assets (3)
  
597,480
   
368,037
   
97,018
   
59,912
   
1,987,098
   
3,109,545
 
Property additions
  
87,920
   
7,044
   
5,976
   
4,435
   
—  
   
105,375
 
Depreciation and amortization expense
  
58,901
   
25,711
   
6,646
   
5,392
   
11,425
   
108,075
 
 
  
Semiconductor

Test
  
System

Test
  
Robotics
  
Wireless

Test
  
Corporate

and
Eliminations
  
Consolidated
 
  
(in thousands)
 
2022
                        
Revenues
 $2,080,590  $469,346  $403,138  $201,720  $251  $3,155,045 
Income (loss) before taxes (1)(2)
  634,488   166,879   (16,244  66,820   (11,558  840,385 
Total assets (3)
  1,382,623   165,925   665,638   94,298   1,192,768   3,501,252 
Property additions
  126,898   7,275   25,712   3,364   —     163,249 
Depreciation and amortization expense
  76,532   3,235   25,339   4,991   578   110,675 
2021
                        
Revenues
 $2,642,342  $467,739  $375,905  $216,895  $—    $3,702,881 
Income (loss) before taxes (1)(2)
  976,988   163,064   (8,167  83,543   (54,473  1,160,955 
Total assets (3)
  1,245,596   170,954   701,196   107,513   1,584,166   3,809,425 
Property additions
  115,618   3,905   9,821   3,128   —     132,472 
Depreciation and amortization expense
  75,982   3,156   27,336   6,055   12,956   125,485 
2020
                        
Revenues
 $2,259,597  $409,729  $279,731  $173,016  $(604 $3,121,469 
Income (loss) before
taxes (1)(2)
  739,695   152,092   (24,019  41,950   (8,703  901,015 
Total assets (3)
  1,070,378   138,295   712,936   106,273   1,624,464   3,652,346 
Property additions
  168,055   3,092   8,899   4,931   —     184,977 
Depreciation and amortization expense
  64,998   3,426   36,242   6,258   15,819   126,743 
(1)
Included in Corporate and Other are: contingent consideration adjustments,
investment impairment
,
pension and postretirement plans actuarial gains (losses), severance charges
,
property
insurance
recovery
related to the Japan earthquake,Eliminations are interest income, interest expense, net foreign exchange gains (losses), intercompany eliminations, pension and postretirement plan actuarial gains (losses), legal and environmental fees, contingent consideration adjustments, acquisition related charges.charges and compensation and loss on convertible debt conversions in 2021. 
(2)
Included in income (loss) before taxes are charges and credits related to restructuring and other, inventory charges and inventory charges.loss on convertible debt conversions in 2021.
(3)
Total assets are attributable to each segment. Corporate assets consist of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and certain other assets.
 

99

Included in each segment are charges and credits in the following line items in the statements of operation
s
:operations:
 
For the Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Semiconductor Test:
         
Cost of revenues—inventory charge
 $
8,731
  $
6,822
  $
4,606
 
Restructuring and other—employee severance
  
1,277
   
8,429
   
1,779
 
Restructuring and other—impairment of fixed assets
  
—  
   
—  
   
1,124
 
Industrial Automation:
         
Restructuring and other—employee severance
 $
796
  $
  $1,414 
Restructuring and other—acquisition related expenses and compensation
  
741
   1,163   
 
Cost of revenues—inventory charge
  
508
   
680
   
—  
 
System Test:
         
Cost of revenues—inventory charge
 $
2,000
  $
1,175
  $
1,918
 
Wireless:
         
Cost of revenues—inventory charge
 $
4,005
  $
2,565
  $
2,190
 
Restructuring and other—lease impairment
  
—  
   
—  
   
972
 
Corporate and Other:
         
Restructuring and other—MiR contingent consideration adjustment
 $
(22,199
) $
17,666
  $
—  
 
Other (income) expense, net—investment impairment charge  15,000   —     —   
Restructuring and other—AutoGuide contingent consideration adjustment  2,976       
Selling and administrative—equity modification charge
  
2,108
   
—  
   
—  
 
Restructuring and other—acquisition related expenses and compensation
  
1,765
   
3,422
   
—  
 
Restructuring and other—Universal Robots contingent consideration adjustment
  
—  
   
(16,679
)  
7,820
 
Restructuring and other—property insurance recovery related to Japan earthquake
  
—  
   
—  
   
(5,064
   
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2022
  
2021
  
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Semiconductor Test:
             
Cost of revenues—inventory charge
  $21,456  $6,661  $11,013 
Contract termination settlement fee
   —     —     4,000 
System Test:
             
Cost of revenues—inventory charge
  $1,730  $641  $887 
Robotics:
             
Cost of revenues—inventory charge
  $3,668  $6,403  $834 
Restructuring and other—employee severance
   2,115   1,210   1,584 
Restructuring and other—acquisition related expenses and compensation
   —     1,000   985 
Wireless Test:
             
Cost of revenues—inventory charge
  $4,598  $1,770  $4,800 
Corporate and Eliminations:
             
Restructuring and other—legal settlement charge
  $14,700  $12,000  $—   
Restructuring and other—
environmental and legal liabilities
   2,700   1,971   —   
Restructuring and other—gain on sale of asset
   (3,410  —     —   
Other (income) expense, net—loss on convertible debt conversion
   —     28,828   —   
Restructuring and other—AutoGuide contingent consideration adjustment
   —     (7,227  (19,724
Restructuring and other—MiR contingent consideration adjustment
   —     —     (3,546
Restructuring and other—acquisition related expenses and compensation
   —     (513  1,728 
Selling and administrative—equity modification charge
   —     —     766 
Information as to Teradyne’s revenues by country is as follows:
 
2019
  
2018
  
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Revenues from customers (1):
         
China
 $
514,327
  $
348,942
  $
260,451
 
Taiwan
  
485,681
   
516,322
   
687,031
 
United States
  
333,059
   
282,869
   
252,516
 
Korea
  
239,504
   
163,224
   
206,819
 
Europe
  
219,015
   
223,207
   
163,715
 
Japan
  
175,322
   
158,281
   
169,093
 
Thailand
  
87,503
   
59,184
   
29,566
 
Singapore
  
84,111
   
108,618
   
101,085
 
Malaysia
  
58,200
   
122,797
   
124,048
 
Philippines
  
54,560
   
77,996
   
105,850
 
Rest of the World
  
43,683
   
39,362
   
36,432
 
             
 $
2,294,965
  $
2,100,802
  $
2,136,606
 
             
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Revenues from customers (1):
               
Taiwan
  $626,424   $1,117,874   $1,178,068 
Korea
   544,816    502,167    391,571 
China
   491,798    631,963    465,722 
United States
   469,948    392,626    321,674 
Europe
   268,384    259,954    205,587 
Japan
   162,920    166,231    143,983 
Malaysia
   142,203    136,774    56,096 
Thailand
   137,356    138,812    138,787 
Philippines
   124,107    166,838    68,887 
Singapore
   99,503    121,582    76,460 
Rest of the World
   87,586    68,060    74,634 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   $3,155,045   $3,702,881   $3,121,469 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
(1)
Revenues attributable to a country are based on location of customer site.
In 20192021 and 2018, 0 single
direct
customer accounted for more than 10% of
Teradyne’
s
consolidated revenues. In 2017,2020, revenues from Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd., a customer of Teradyne’s Semiconductor Test segment, accounted for 13% of
its
consolidated
 
revenues12% and 15%,
. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd. is a customer
respectively, of
Teradyne’s Semiconductor Test segment.consolidated revenues. Teradyne estimates consolidated revenues driven by Huawei Technologies Co.
Qualcomm, a customer of our Semiconductor Test, System Test, and Wireless Test segments, combining direct and indirect sales, accounted for approximately 11% of its consolidated revenues in 2022 and less than 10% in 2021 and 2020. Teradyne estimates consolidated revenues driven by one OEM customer, of our Semiconductor Test and Wireless Test segments, combining
10
1030

Ltd. (“Huawei”), combining direct sales to that customer with sales to the customer’s OSATs
,
accounted for approximately 11% and 4%
of
its
consolidated revenues in 2019 and 2018, respectively. Teradyne estimates consolidated revenues driven by another OEM customer, combining direct sales to that customer with sales to the customer’s OSATs (which include Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd.), accounted for approximately
10
%,
13
% and
22
%less than 10% of
its
consolidated revenues in 2019, 20182022, and 2017,19% and 25% in 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Long-lived assets by geographic area:
 
United
 
States
  
Foreign(1)
  
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
 
December 31, 2019
 $
252,812
  $
124,943
  $
377,755
 
December 31, 2018
 $
209,368
  $
70,453
  $
279,821
 
 
   
United

States
   
Foreign
   
Total
 
   
(in thousands)
 
December 31, 2022
  $328,341   $164,076   $492,417 
December 31, 2021
  $308,438   $147,609   $456,047 

(1)
U.
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, long-lived assets attributable to Singapore were
$35.2
STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM 
 million and $19.4 million, respectively.
U.    STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM
In December 2016,January 2021, Teradyne’s Board of Directors cancelled the January 2020 repurchase program and approved a $500.0 million share repurchase authorization which commenced on January 1, 2017. The cumulative repurchases asprogram for up to $2.0 billion of December 31, 2017 totaled 5.8common stock. In 2022, Teradyne repurchased 7.3 million shares of common stock for $200.0$752.1 million at an average price of $103.69 per share. In 2021, Teradyne repurchased 4.8 million shares of common stock for $600.0 million at an average price of $125.74 per share. The cumulative repurchases under this repurchase program as of December 31, 2022 were 12.0 million shares of common stock for $1,352.1 million at an average price per share of $34.30.$112.44.
In January 2018, Teradyne’s Board of Directors cancelled the December 2016 stock repurchase program and authorized a new stock repurchase program for up to $1.5 billion of common stock. In 2019, Teradyne repurchased 10.9 million shares of common stock for $500.0 million at an average price per share of $45.89. In 2018, Teradyne repurchased 21.6 million shares of common stock for $823.5 million at an average price per share of $38.06. The cumulative repurchases as of December 31, 2019 totaled 32.5 million shares of common stock for $1,323.0 million at an average price per share of $40.68.
In January 2020,2023, Teradyne’s Board of Directors cancelled the January 20182021 repurchase program and approved a new stock repurchase program for up to $1.0$2.0 billion of common stock. Teradyne intends to repurchase a minimumup to $500.0 
million of $250.0 millionits common stock in 2020
.
2023 based on market conditions.
V.    The total price includes commissions and is recorded as a reduction to retained earnings.
V.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In January
2020
, 2023, Teradyne’s Board of Directors declared
a
quarterly cash dividend of $0.10o
f
$0.11 per share to be paid on
March 20, 2020
17, 2023 to shareholders of record as of
February 21, 2020
.
17, 2023. While Teradyne declared a quarterly cash dividend and authorized a share repurchase program, it may reduce or eliminate the cash dividend or share repurchase program in the future. Future cash dividends and stock repurchases are subject to the discretion of Teradyne’s Board of Directors which will consider, among other things, Teradyne’s earnings, capital requirements and financial condition.
OnMark E. Jagiela retired as Chief Executive Officer of Teradyne and as a member of Teradyne’s Board of Directors effective February 28, 2020, RealWear’s debt holder demanded repayment1, 2023. In connection with his retirement, Teradyne entered into an agreement on January 31, 2023 with Mr. Jagiela (the “Retirement Agreement”). Under the Retirement Agreement, Mr. Jagiela’s unvested service based restricted stock units and stock options granted prior to his Retirement Date will continue to vest in accordance with their terms through February 1, 2026; and any vested options or options that vest during that period may be exercised for the remainder of its $25.0the applicable option term. In the Retirement Agreement, Mr. Jagiela agreed to be bound by non-competition and non-solicitation restrictions through February 1, 2026. The Retirement Agreement also includes additional, standard terms and conditions relating to Mr. Jagiela’s separation from Teradyne. Teradyne will record a stock-based compensation expense of approximately $5.8 million loan to RealWear. As a result, in the fourthfirst quarter of 2019, Teradyne recorded an impairment charge of $15.0 million2023 related to reduce its investment in RealWear to 0 as of December 31, 2019.the Retirement Agreement.

101

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
(Unaudited)
The following sets forth certain unaudited consolidated quarterly statements of operations data for each of Teradyne’s last eight quarters. In management’s opinion, this quarterly information reflects all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement for the periods presented. Such quarterly results are not necessarily indicative of future results of operations and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of Teradyne and the notes thereto included elsewhere herein.
 
2019
 
 
1st Quarter
  
2nd Quarter
  
3rd Quarter
  
4th Quarter
 
 
(1)
  
(2)
  
(3)
  
(4)(5)
(
6
)
 
 
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Revenues:
            
Products
 $
393,442
  $
457,511
  $
488,170
  $
548,552
 
Services
  
100,657
   
106,667
   
93,868
   
106,098
 
                 
Total revenues
  
494,099
   
564,178
   
582,038
   
654,650
 
Cost of revenues:
            
Cost of products
  
165,368
   
193,299
   
197,196
   
226,184
 
Cost of services
  
41,096
   
46,961
   
39,804
   
45,228
 
                 
Total cost of revenues (exclusive of acquired intangible assets amortization shown separately below)
  
206,464
   
240,260
   
237,000
   
271,412
 
                 
Gross profit
  
287,635
   
323,918
   
345,038
   
383,238
 
                 
Operating expenses:
            
Selling and administrative
  
102,013
   
108,811
   
109,166
   
117,092
 
Engineering and development
  
76,791
   
81,434
   
77,804
   
86,794
 
Acquired intangible assets amortization
  
10,634
   
10,083
   
9,647
   
9,784
 
Restructuring and other
  
5,112
   
(10,404
)  
(6,500
)  
(2,088
)
                 
Total operating expenses
  
194,550
   
189,924
   
190,117
   
211,582
 
                 
Income from operations
  
93,085
   
133,994
   
154,921
   
171,656
 
Non-operating
(income) expense:
            
Interest income
  
(8,052
)  
(5,430
)  
(5,159
)  
(6,145
)
Interest expense
  
5,713
   
5,800
   
5,682
   
5,950
 
Other (income) expense, net
  
1,445
   
2,447
   
2,665
   
22,965
 
                 
Income before income taxes
  
93,979
   
131,177
   
151,733
   
148,886
 
Income tax
(benefit)
provision
  
(15,159
)  
33,780
   
15,873
   
23,811
 
                 
Net income
 $
109,138
  $
97,397
  $
135,860
  $
125,075
 
                 
Net income per common share—basic
 $
0.63
  $
0.57
  $
0.80
  $
0.75
 
                 
Net income per common share—diluted
 $
0.62
  $
0.55
  $
0.75
  $
0.69
 
                 
Cash dividend declared per common share
 $
0.09
  $
0.09
  $
0.09
  $
0.09
 
                 
(1)Restructuring and other includes a $3.0 million fair value adjustment to increase the MiR acquisition contingent consideration, $1.3 million of acquisition related expenses and compensation and $0.8 million of employee severance charges.
(2)Restructuring and other includes a $11.7 million gain for the decrease in the fair value of the
MiR
contingent consideration liability, partially offset by $0.8 million of employee severance charges and $0.5 million of acquisition related expenses and compensation.
10
5

(3)Restructuring and other includes
a
$7.8 
million gain for the decrease in the fair value of
 Mi
R
contingent consideration liability, partially offset by
$0.8 million
of employee severance charges and
$0.5 million
of acquisition related expenses an
d compensa
t
ion
.
(4)Restructuring and other includes a $5.8 
million gain for the decrease in the fair value adjustment to the MiR acquisition contingent consideration, partially offset by a $3.0
million fair value adjustment to increase the AutoGuide acquisition contingent consideration, $0.5 million of employee severance charges and $0.2 million of acquisition related expenses and compensation
.
(5)Teradyne recorded pension and post retirement net actuarial losses of $7.7 million for the fourth quarter in 2019. See Note B: “Accounting Policies” for a discussion of Teradyne’s accounting policy.
(6)Other (income) expense, net includes a $15.0 million charge for the impairment of the investment in RealWear.
 
2018
 
 
1st Quarter
  
2nd Quarter
  
3rd Quarter
  
4th Quarter
 
 
(1)
  
(2)
  
(3)
  
(4)(5)
 
 
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Revenues:
            
Products
 $
403,925
  $
434,051
  $
470,994
  $
420,652
 
Services
  
83,542
   
92,878
   
95,854
   
98,906
 
                 
Total revenues
  
487,467
   
526,929
   
566,848
   
519,558
 
Cost of revenues:
            
Cost of products
  
180,958
   
180,777
   
195,339
   
170,064
 
Cost of services
  
36,677
   
38,818
   
37,816
   
39,959
 
                 
Total cost of revenues (exclusive of acquired intangible assets amortization shown separately below)
  
217,635
   
219,595
   
233,155
   
210,023
 
                 
Gross profit
  
269,832
   
307,334
   
333,693
   
309,535
 
                 
Operating expenses:
            
Selling and administrative
  
90,505
   
99,410
   
100,202
   
100,552
 
Engineering and development
  
74,408
   
75,342
   
77,049
   
74,706
 
Acquired intangible assets amortization
  
7,698
   
9,793
   
11,142
   
10,558
 
Restructuring and other
  
(313
)  
2,389
   
1,710
   
11,446
 
                 
Total operating expenses
  
172,298
   
186,934
   
190,103
   
197,262
 
                 
Income from operations
  
97,534
   
120,400
   
143,590
   
112,273
 
Non-operating
(income) expense:
            
Interest income
  
(5,981
)  
(5,427
)  
(6,213
)  
(9,083
)
Interest expense
  
6,890
   
5,639
   
5,557
   
13,182
 
Other (income) expense, net
  
805
   
176
   
3,405
   
(2,954
)
                 
Income before income taxes
  
95,820
   
120,012
   
140,841
   
111,128
 
Income tax provision (benefit)
  
8,846
   
18,975
   
20,863
   
(32,662
)
                 
Net income 
 $
86,974
  $
101,037
  $
119,978
  $
143,790
 
                 
Net income per common share—basic
 $
0.45
  $
0.53
  $
0.65
  $
0.80
 
                 
Net income per common share—diluted
 $
0.43
  $
0.52
  $
0.63
  $
0.79
 
                 
Cash dividend declared per common share
 $
0.09
  $
0.09
  $
0.09
  $
0.09
 
                 
(1)Restructuring and other includes a $3.5 million gain for the decrease in the fair value of the Universal Robots contingent consideration liability, partially offset by $2.5 million of acquisition related expenses and compensation and $2.4 million of employee severance charges.
10
6

(2)Restructuring and other includes a $5.0 million gain for the decrease in the fair value of the Universal Robots contingent consideration liability, partially offset by $3.9 million of employee severance charges and $0.8 million of acquisition related expenses and compensation.
(3)Restructuring and other includes $1.7 million of employee severance charges, $0.8 million of acquisition related expenses and compensation, partially offset by a $0.8 million gain for the decrease in the fair value of the Universal Robots contingent consideration liability.
(4)Restructuring and other includes a $17.7 million fair value adjustment to increase the MiR acquisition contingent consideration, $0.8 million of employee severance charges, and $0.5 million acquisition related expenses and compensation, partially offset by a $7.4 million gain for the decrease in the fair value of the Universal Robots contingent consideration liability.
(5)Teradyne recorded pension and post retirement net actuarial gains of $3.5 million for the fourth quarter in 2018. See Note B: “Accounting Policies” for a discussion of Teradyne’s accounting policy.
Item 9:
Changes in and disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure
None.
Item 9A:
Controls and procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, our management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule
13a-15(b)
promulgated under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that material information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, including ensuring that such material information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth fiscal quarter ended December 31, 20192022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule
13a-15(f).
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and CFO, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in
Internal Control—Integrated Framework
(2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework in
Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013)
, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2019.2022.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 20192022 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included under Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that
1
07

controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Item 9B:
Other Information
None.
Item 9C:
Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
108Not applicable.
102

PART III
Item 10:
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Certain information relating to our directors and executive officers, committee information, reports and charters, executive compensation, security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters, and certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated by reference herein from our definitive proxy statement in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 8, 2020.12, 2023. The proxy statement will be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year. For this purpose, the Compensation Committee Report included in such proxy statement is specifically not incorporated herein. Also see “Item 1: Business—Our Executive Officers.”
Item 11:
Executive Compensation
Certain information relating to our directors and executive officers, executive compensation, security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters, and certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated by reference herein from our definitive proxy statement in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 8, 2020.12, 2023. The proxy statement will be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year. For this purpose, the Compensation Committee Report included in such proxy statement is specifically not incorporated herein.
Item 12:
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Certain information relating to our directors and executive officers, executive compensation, security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters, and certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated by reference herein from our definitive proxy statement in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held May 8, 2020.12, 2023. The proxy statement will be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year. For this purpose, the Compensation Committee Report included in such proxy statement is specifically not incorporated herein. Also see “Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Equity Compensation Plans.”
Item 13:
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Certain information relating to our directors and executive officers, executive compensation, security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters, and certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated by reference herein from our definitive proxy statement in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 8, 2020.12, 2023. The proxy statement will be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year. For this purpose, the Compensation Committee Report included in such proxy statement is specifically not incorporated herein.
Item 14:
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Certain information relating to audit fees and other of Teradyne’s independent registered public accounting firm is incorporated by reference herein from our definitive proxy statement in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 8, 2020.12, 2023. The proxy statement will be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year. For this purpose, the Audit Committee Report included in such proxy statement is specifically not incorporated herein.
109103

PART IV
Item 15:
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedule
.
15(a)(1) Financial Statements
15(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedule
The following consolidated financial statement schedule is included in Item 15(c):
Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Schedules other than those listed above have been omitted since they are either not required or information is otherwise included.
15(a)(3) Listing of Exhibits
The Exhibits which are filed with this report or which are incorporated by reference herein are set forth in the Exhibit Index.
15(c) Financial Statement Schedules
110

TERADYNE, INC.
SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
                     
Column A
 
Column B
  
Column C
  
Column D
  
Column E
  
Column F
 
Description
 
Balance at
Beginning of Period
  
Additions
Charged to
Cost and Expenses
  
Other
  
Deductions
  
Balance at
End of Period
 
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Valuation reserve deducted in the balance sheet from the asset to which it applies:
               
Accounts receivable:
               
2019 Allowance for doubtful account
 $
1,673
  $
87
  $
 28
  $52  $
1,736
 
                     
2018 Allowance for doubtful account
 $
2,219
  $
 —  
  $
20
  $
566
  $
1,673
 
                     
2017 Allowance for doubtful accounts
 $
2,356
  $
4
  $
  $
141
  $
2,219
 
                     
                     
Column A
 
Column B
  
Column C
  
Column D
  
Column E
  
Column F
 
Description
 
Balance at
Beginning of Period
  
Additions
Charged to
Cost and Expenses
  
Other
  
Deductions
  
Balance at
End of Period
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Valuation reserve deducted in the balance sheet from the asset to which it applies:
               
Inventory:
               
2019 Inventory reserve
 $
100,779
  $
15,244
  $
(85
) $
12,382
  $
103,556
 
             ��       
2018 Inventory reserve
 $
102,896
  $
11,242
  $
368
  $
13,727
  $
100,779
 
                     
2017 Inventory reserve
 $
116,016
  $
8,844
  $
(126
) $
21,838
  $
102,896
 
                     
                     
Column A
 
Column B
  
Column C
  
Column D
  
Column E
  
Column F
 
Description
 
Balance at
Beginning of Period
  
Additions
Charged to
Cost and Expenses
  
Other
  
Deductions
  
Balance at
End of Period
 
 
(in thousands)
 
Valuation reserve deducted in the balance sheet from the asset to which it applies:
               
Deferred taxes:
               
2019 Valuation allowance
 $
69,852
  $
7,325
  $
 —
  $
  $
77,177
 
                     
2018 Valuation allowance
 $
63,919
  $
6,333
  $
  $
400
  $
69,852
 
                     
2017 Valuation allowance
 $
48,369
  $
15,571
  $
  $
21
  $
63,919
 
                     
Item 16:
Form 10-K Summary
Not applicable.
111
104

EXHIBIT INDEX
TERADYNE, INC.
SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Column A
  
Column B
   
Column C
   
Column D
  
Column E
   
Column F
 
Description
  
Balance at

Beginning of Period
   
Additions

Charged to

Cost and Expenses
   
Other
  
Deductions
   
Balance at

End of Period
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Valuation reserve deducted in the balance sheet from the asset to which it applies:
         
Accounts receivable:
         
2022 Allowance for doubtful account
  $2,012   $500   $(6 $551   $1,955 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
2021 Allowance for doubtful account
  $2,034   $500   $(27 $495   $2,012 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
2020 Allowance for doubtful account
  $1,736   $356   $32  $90   $2,034 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Column A
  
Column B
   
Column C
   
Column D
  
Column E
   
Column F
 
Description
  
Balance at

Beginning of Period
   
Additions

Charged to

Cost and Expenses
   
Other
  
Deductions
   
Balance at

End of Period
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Valuation reserve deducted in the balance sheet from the asset to which it applies:
         
Inventory:
         
2022 Inventory reserve
  $114,055   $31,452   $1,926  $10,595   $136,838 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
2021 Inventory reserve
  $110,587   $15,475   $1,335  $13,342   $114,055 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
2020 Inventory reserve
  $103,556   $17,534   $(521 $9,982   $110,587 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Column A
  
Column B
   
Column C
   
Column D
   
Column E
   
Column F
 
Description
  
Balance at

Beginning of Period
   
Additions

Charged to

Cost and Expenses
   
Other
   
Deductions
   
Balance at

End of Period
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Valuation reserve deducted in the balance sheet from the asset to which it applies:
          
Deferred taxes:
          
2022 Valuation allowance
  $97,170   $7,652   $21   $1,036   $103,807 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
2021 Valuation allowance
  $84,962   $13,502   $—     $1,294   $97,170 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
2020 Valuation allowance
  $77,177   $7,785   $—     $   $84,962 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Item 16:
Form 10-K Summary
Not applicable.
105


EXHIBIT INDEX

The following designated exhibits are, as indicated below, either filed herewith or have heretofore been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are referred to and incorporated by reference to such filings.

Exhibit
No.
  

Description

  

SEC Document Reference

  3.1  
Exhibit
No.
Description
SEC Document Reference
2.1
Share Sale and Purchase Agreement to and among Teradyne Robotics Holdings Denmark ApS, Teradyne, Inc. and the shareholders of Mobile Industrial Robots ApS dated April 25, 2018.
2.2
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 10, 2019 to Share Sale and Purchase Agreement by and among Teradyne Robotics Holdings Denmark ApS, Teradyne, Inc. and the former shareholders of Mobile Industrial Robots ApS.
3.1
Restated Articles of Organization.
  
  3.2  Amended and Restated By-laws, as amended.  
3.2
Amended and Restated
By-laws,
as amended.
  4.1  
4.1
Indenture dated as of December 12, 2016, between Teradyne, Inc. and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee.
  
  4.2  First Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 4, 2021 between Teradyne, Inc. and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee.  Exhibit 4.1 to Teradyne’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 3, 2021.
  4.3  
4.2
Description of Teradyne, Inc. Securities Registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act.
  
10.1†  
10.1†
Standard Manufacturing Agreement entered into as of November 24, 2003 by and between Teradyne and Solectron.
  
10.2†  
10.2†
Second Amendment to Standard Manufacturing Agreement, dated as of August 27, 2007, by and between Teradyne and Solectron.
  
10.3†  
10.3†
Sixth Amendment to Standard Manufacturing Agreement, dated as of July 27, 2009, by and between Teradyne and Flextronics Corporation.
  
10.4  
10.4
Addendum to Standard Manufacturing Agreement (Authorized Purchase Agreement)—Revised July 1, 2010.
  
10.5  
10.5
Eighth Amendment to Standard Manufacturing Agreement, dated as of April 13, 2012, by and between Teradyne and Flextronics Sales & Marketing North Asia (L) LTD.
  
112

10.6†  
Exhibit
No.
Description
SEC Document Reference
10.6†
Ninth Amendment to Standard Manufacturing Agreement, dated as of September 17, 2012, by and between Teradyne and Flextronics Sales & Marketing North Asia (L) LTD.
  
10.7  
10.7
2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan, as amended.*
  
10.8  
10.8
Danish
Sub-Plan
to the 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan.
  

106


Exhibit
No.
  

Description

  

SEC Document Reference

10.9  
10.9
Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Executive Officers under 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan.*
  
10.10  
10.10
Form of Time-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Executive Officers under 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan.*
  
10.11Form of Executive Officer Stock Option Agreement under 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan, as amended. *Exhibit 10.11 to Teradyne’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.2020.
10.12  
10.11
Form of Executive Officer Stock Option Agreement under 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan, as amended.*
10.12
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Directors under 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan.*
  
10.13  
10.13
1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended.*
  
10.14Danish Sub-Plan to the 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.Exhibit 10.15 to Teradyne’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018.2019
10.15  
10.14
Sub-Plan
to the 1996 Employee Stock PurchaseDeferral Plan for participants located in the European Union /European Economic Area.
10.15
Danish
Sub-Plan
to the 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
10.16
Deferral Plan for
Non-Employee
Directors, as amended.*
  
10.16  
10.17
Supplemental Savings Plan, as amended and restated.*
  
10.17  
10.18
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, as restated.*
  
10.18  
10.19
Agreement Regarding Termination Benefits dated January 22, 201431, 2023 between Teradyne and Mark Jagiela.Gregory S. Smith.*
  
113

Exhibit
No.
10.19  
Description
SEC Document Reference
10.20
Employment Agreement dated May 7, 2004 between Teradyne and Mark Jagiela.*
  
10.20  
10.21
Executive Officer Retirement Agreement dated July 17, 2019 between Teradyne and Gregory R. Beecher.*
  
10.21  
10.22
Executive Officer Change in Control Agreement dated January 22, 201431, 2023 between Teradyne and Mark Jagiela, as amended.Jagiela.*
  
10.22  
10.23
Amended and Restated Executive Officer Change in Control Agreement dated May 26, 2009 between Teradyne and Charles J. Gray, as amended.*
  
10.23  
10.24
Employment Agreement dated July 24, 2009 between Teradyne and Charles J. Gray.*
  

107


Exhibit
No.
  

Description

  

SEC Document Reference

10.24  
10.25
Amended and Restated Executive Officer Change in Control Agreement dated June 30, 2012 between Teradyne and Walter G. Vahey, as amended.*
  
10.25  
10.26
Employment Agreement dated February 6, 2013 between Teradyne and Walter G. Vahey.*
  
10.26  
10.27
Executive Officer Change in Control Agreement dated September 1, 2014 between Teradyne, Inc. and Bradford Robbins.*
  
10.27  
10.28
Employment Agreement dated September 1, 2014 between Teradyne, Inc. and Bradford Robbins.*
  
10.28  
10.29
Executive Change in Control Agreement dated February 8, 2016 between Teradyne, Inc. and GregGregory S. Smith.
*
  
10.29  
10.30
Employment Agreement dated February 8, 2016 between Teradyne, Inc. and GregGregory S. Smith.
*
  
10.30  
10.31
Teradyne Offer of Employment dated February 8, 2019 for Sanjay Mehta.*
  
10.31  
10.32
Executive Officer Change in Control Agreement dated April 25, 2019 between Teradyne, Inc. and Sanjay Mehta.*
  
10.32  
10.33
Employment Agreement dated April 25, 2019 between Teradyne, Inc. and Sanjay Mehta.*
  
10.33  
10.34
Agreement Regarding Termination Benefits dated April 25, 2019 between Teradyne, Inc. and Sanjay Mehta.*
  
114

10.34  Executive Officer Change in Control Agreement dated October 1, 2020 between Teradyne, Inc. and Richard Burns.*  Exhibit 10.1 to Teradyne’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 27, 2020.
10.35  
Exhibit
No.
Employment Agreement dated October 1, 2020 between Teradyne, Inc. and Richard Burns.*
  Exhibit 10.2 to Teradyne’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 27, 2020.
Description
10.36  
SEC Document Reference
10.35
Time-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement dated May 1, 2019 for Sanjay Mehta under 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Plan.*
  
10.37  
10.36
Form of Indemnification Agreement.*
  
10.38  
10.37
LitePoint Corporation 2002 Stock Plan.
  

108


Exhibit
No.
  

Description

  

SEC Document Reference

10.39  
10.38
Letter Agreement, dated December 6, 2016, between Barclays Bank PLC and Teradyne, Inc., regarding the Base Warrants.
  
10.40  
10.39
Letter Agreement, dated December 6, 2016, between Bank of America, N.A., and Teradyne, Inc. regarding the Base Warrants.
  
10.41  
10.40
Letter Agreement, dated December 6, 2016, between Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Teradyne, Inc. regarding the Base Warrants.
  
10.42  
10.41
Letter Agreement, dated December 6, 2016, between Barclays Bank PLC and Teradyne, Inc. regarding the Base Call Option Transaction.
  
10.43  
10.42
Letter Agreement, dated December 6, 2016, between Bank of America, N.A. and Teradyne, Inc. regarding the Base Call Option Transaction.
  
10.44  
10.43
Letter Agreement, dated December 6, 2016, between Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Teradyne, Inc. regarding the Base Call Option Transaction.
  
10.45  
10.44
Letter Agreement, dated December 9, 2016, between Barclays Bank PLC and Teradyne, Inc., regarding the Additional Warrants
  
10.46  
10.45
Letter Agreement, dated December 9, 2016, between Bank of America, N.A., and Teradyne, Inc. regarding the Additional Warrants.
  
10.47  ��
10.46
Letter Agreement, dated December 9, 2016, between Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Teradyne, Inc. regarding the Additional Warrants.
  
10.48  
10.47
Letter Agreement, dated December 9, 2016, between Barclays Bank PLC and Teradyne, Inc. regarding the Additional Call Option Transaction.
  
115

10.49  
Exhibit
No.
Description
SEC Document Reference
10.48
Letter Agreement, dated December 9, 2016, between Bank of America, N.A. and Teradyne, Inc. regarding the Additional Call Option Transaction
  
10.50  
10.49
Letter Agreement, dated December 9, 2016, between Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Teradyne, Inc. regarding the Additional Call Option Transaction.
  
10.51  Credit Agreement dated May 1, 2020 among Teradyne, Inc., Truist Bank, as the administrative agent, issuing bank and swingline lender, and other lenders party thereto.  Exhibit 10.1 to Teradyne’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 5, 2020.

109


Exhibit
No.
  
21.1

Description

  

SEC Document Reference

10.52First Amendment to Credit Agreement dated December 10, 2021 among Teradyne, Inc., Truist Bank, as the administrative agent, issuing bank and swingline lender, and other lenders party thereto.Exhibit 10.52 to Teradyne’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021.
10.53Second Amendment to Credit Agreement dated October 5, 2022 among Teradyne, Inc., Truist Bank, as the administrative agent, issuing bank and swingline lender, and other lenders party thereto.Exhibit 10.1 to Teradyne’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 2, 2022.
21.1Subsidiaries of Teradyne.  
23.1  
23.1
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
  
31.1  
31.1
Rule
13a-14(a)
Certification of Principal Executive Officer.
  
31.2  
31.2
Rule
13a-14(a)
Certification of Principal Financial Officer.
  
32.1  
32.1
Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer.
  
32.2  
32.2
Section 1350 Certification of Principal Financial Officer.
  
101  
101
The following financial information from Teradyne, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019,2022, formatted in Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 20192022 and December 31, 2018,2021, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017,2020, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 20172020 (iv) Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017,2020, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2019, 20182022, 2021 and 2017,2020, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
  
104  
104
The cover page of the Annual Report on Form
10-
K 10-K formatted in Inline XBRL (included in Exhibit 101).
  

-Confidential treatment granted.

*

-Management contract or compensatory plan.

110


116

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized this 2nd22nd day of March, 2020.

February 2023.

TERADYNE, INC.
By: 
Teradyne, Inc.
By:    
/
s
S/ Sanjay Mehta    
SANJAY MEHTA
 
Sanjay Mehta,
 

Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and

Treasurer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

Signature

/S/ PAUL J. TUFANO

Paul J. Tufano

  
Title
Date
/
s
/    Roy A. Vallee                
Roy A. Vallee
Chair of the Board
 
March 2, 2020
February 22, 2023

/S/ GREGORY SMITH

Gregory Smith

  
/
s
/    Mark E. Jagiela                
Mark E. Jagiela
Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Director
 
March 2, 2020
February 22, 2023

/S/ SANJAY MEHTA

Sanjay Mehta

  
/
s
/                Sanjay Mehta                
Sanjay Mehta
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 
March 2, 2020
February 22, 2023

/S/ EDWIN J. GILLIS

Edwin J. Gillis

  Director February 22, 2023

/

s
/    Michael A. Bradley                
Michael A. Bradley
S/ TIMOTHY E. GUERTIN

Timothy E. Guertin

  
Director
 
March 2, 2020
February 22, 2023

/S/ PETER HERWECK

Peter Herweck

  Director February 22, 2023

/

s
/    Edwin J. Gillis                
Edwin J. Gillis
S/ MERCEDES JOHNSON

Mercedes Johnson

  
Director
 
March 2, 2020
February 22, 2023

/S/ ERNEST E. MADDOCK

Ernest E. Maddock

  Director February 22, 2023

/

s
/    Timothy E. Guertin                
Timothy E. Guertin
S/ MARILYN MATZ

Marilyn Matz

  
Director
 
March 2, 2020
February 22, 2023

/S/ Fouad Tamer

Fouad Tamer

  Director 
/
s
/    Mercedes Johnson                
Mercedes Johnson
Director
March 2, 2020
/
s
/    Marilyn Matz                
Marilyn Matz
Director
March 2, 2020
/s/    Paul J. Tufano                
Paul J. Tufano
Director
March 2, 2020
February 22, 2023

111

117