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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-K



  ☒

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017

2020

  ☐

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                     to                         

Commission file number 001-37391


REliant bancorp, inc.


Reliant Bancorp, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Tennessee

37-1641316

Tennessee

37-1641316
(State or other jurisdiction of


incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer


Identification No.)

1736 Carothers Parkway, Suite 100 , Brentwood, Tennessee37027
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

Registrant’s

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (615) 221-2020

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Classeach classTrading Symbol(s)Name of Exchangeeach exchange on which Registeredregistered
common stock,Common Stock, $1.00 par value $1.00 per shareNasdaq Capital MarketRBNCNASDAQ


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None

None


Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  ☐Yes     ☒  No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  ☐Yes    ☒No



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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     ☒YesYes    ☐No


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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).   ☒   Yes    ☐  No

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    ☒  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of large“large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of
the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C.
7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.    ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    ☐Yes    ☒No

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference towas approximately $248,633,065 on June 30, 2020, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, based on $16.29 per share, the last reported sales price at whichof the common equity was last sold as of June 30, 2017 was $161,560,992 (computedstock on the basis of $23.87 per share).

The Nasdaq Capital Market on such date.

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE REGISTRANTS

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’sregistrant’s common stock, par value $1.00 per share, as of March 15, 20188, 2021 was 11,475,387.

16,387,941 excluding 266,474 unexchanged shares in connection with acquisitions.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant's definitive proxy statement for its 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be filed with the annual meetingSecurities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of shareholders, scheduled to be held May 17, 2018,December 31, 2020 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

report for the year ended December 31, 2020.







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Item No.

Page No.

PART I

Item No.

2

Page No.

ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

2

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

14

ITEM 1B.

1.

ITEM 1A.
ITEM 1B.

27

ITEM 2.

2.

27

ITEM 3.

3.

27

ITEM 4.

4.

27

28

ITEM 5.

5.

28

ITEM 6.

6.

30

ITEM 7.

7.

32

ITEM 7A.

7A.

60

ITEM 8.

8.

60

ITEM 9.

9.

60

ITEM 9A.

9A.

60

ITEM 9B.

9B.

61

62

ITEM 10.

10.

62

ITEM 11.

11.

62

ITEM 12.

12.

62

ITEM 13.

13.

62

ITEM 14.

14.

62

63

ITEM 15.

15.

63

ITEM 16.




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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (Reliant Bancorp) may from time to time make written or oral statements, including


Various statements contained in or incorporated by reference into this report (including, without limitation, certain statements in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 7), that constituteAnnual Report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”) are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act“Exchange Act”). The words “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “assume,” “should,” “predict,” “could,” “would,” “intend,” “targets,” “estimates,” “projects,” “plans,” “potential”and “potential,” and other similar words and expressions of the future, are intended to identify such forward-looking statements, but other statements not based on historical information may also be considered forward-looking.forward-looking, including statements about Reliant Bancorp, Inc.’s (the “Company”) future financial and operating results and the Company’s plans, objectives, and intentions. All forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause the actual results, performance, or achievements of Reliant Bancorpthe Company to differ materially from any results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks, uncertainties, and other factors include, among others: (i)(1) the global health and economic crisis precipitated by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, (2) actions taken by governments, businesses and individuals in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, (3) the pace of recovery when the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic subsides, (4) the possible recurrence of the coronavirus (COVID-19), (5) changes in political conditions or the legislative or regulatory environment, including governmental initiatives affecting the financial services industry such as, but not limited to, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (or CARES) Act), (6) the possibility that our asset quality wouldcould decline or that we experience greater loan losses than anticipated, (ii)(7) increased levels of other real estate, primarily as a result of foreclosures, (iii)(8) the impact of liquidity needs on our results of operations and financial condition, (iv)(9) competition from financial institutions and other financial service providers, (v) the risk that the cost savings and any revenue synergies from our merger with Community First, Inc. (Community First) may not be realized or take longer than anticipated to be realized, (vi)(10) the effect of interest rate increases on the announcementcost of deposits, (11) unanticipated weakness in loan demand or completion of the Community First merger on employee and customer relationships and operating results (including, without limitation, difficulties in maintaining relationships with employees and customers), (vii) the risk that integration of Community First’s operations with those of Reliant Bancorp will be materially delayed or will be more costly or difficultloan pricing, (12) greater than expected, (viii) the amount of costs, fees, expenses, and charges related to the Community First merger, (ix) reputational risk and the reaction of the parties’ customers, suppliers, employees or other business partners to the Community First merger, (x) the dilution caused by Reliant Bancorp’s issuance of additional shares of its common stock in the Community First merger, and (xi) general competitive, economic, political and market conditions, including economicanticipated adverse conditions in the national economy or local markets whereeconomies in which we operate, (xii)including in Middle Tennessee, (13) lack of strategic growth opportunities or our failure to execute on available opportunities, (14) deterioration in the financial condition of borrowers resulting in significant increases in loan losses and provisions for those losses, (15) economic crises and associated credit issues in industries most impacted by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, including the hotel and retail sectors, (16) the ability to grow and retain low-cost core deposits and retain large, uninsured deposits, (17) our ability to effectively manage problem credits, (18) our ability to successfully implement efficiency initiatives on time and with the results projected, (19) our ability to successfully develop and market new products and technology, (20) the impact of negative developments in the financial industry and U.S.United States and global capital and credit markets, (xiii)(21) our ability to retain the services of key personnel, (xiv)(22) our ability to adapt to technological changes, (xv)(23) risks associated with litigation, including reputational and financial risks and the applicability of insurance coverage; (xvi)coverage, (24) the vulnerability of Reliant Bank’s digital networkcomputer and online banking portals,information technology systems and networks, and the systems and networks of third parties with whom Reliant Bancorp andthe Company or Reliant Bank contract, to unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, spam attacks, human error, natural disasters, power loss, and other security breaches; (xvii)breaches and interruptions, (25) changes in state and federal legislation,laws, rules, regulations, or policies applicable to banks or bank or financial holding companies, including regulatory or legislative developments; (xviii)developments, (26) adverse resultsimpacts (including costs, fines, reputational harm, and/or other negative effects) from current or future litigation, regulatory examinations, or other legal and/or regulatory actions;actions, (27) the risk that expected cost savings and (xix)revenue synergies from (a) the merger of the Company and Tennessee Community Bank Holdings, Inc. (“TCB Holdings”) (the “TCB Holdings Transaction”) or (b) the merger of the Company and First Advantage Bancorp (“FABK”) (the “FABK Transaction” and, together with the TCB Holdings Transaction, collectively, the “Transactions”), may not be realized or may take longer than anticipated to be realized, (28) the effect of the Transactions on our customer, supplier, or employee relationships and operating results (including without limitation difficulties in maintaining relationships with employees and customers), as well as on the market price of the Company’s common stock, (29) the risk that the businesses and operations of TCB Holdings and its subsidiaries and of FABK and its subsidiaries cannot be successfully integrated with the business and operations of the Company and its subsidiaries or that integration will be more costly or difficult than expected, (30) the amount of costs, fees, expenses, and charges related to the Transactions, including those arising as a result of unexpected factors or events, (31) reputational risk associated with and the reaction of our customers, suppliers, employees, or other business partners to the Transactions, (32) the risk associated with Company management’s attention being diverted away from the day-to-day business and operations of the Company to the integration of the Transactions, and (33) general competitive, economic, political, and market conditions. A more detailed descriptionconditions, including economic conditions in the local markets where we operate.

These forward-looking statements involve a number of theserisks and other risks is containeduncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements should therefore be considered in light of various factors, including those set forth in this Annual Report under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” below. ManyFactors,” and in “Item 7. Management's
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Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and elsewhere in this Annual Report. In light of such factors are beyond Reliant Bancorp’s ability to control or predict,risks and readers are cautioneduncertainties, we caution you not to putplace undue reliance on suchthese forward-looking statements. Reliant Bancorp doesThese forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report, or if earlier, as of the date they were made. We do not intend to, and disclaim any obligation to, update or reissuerevise any forward-looking statements contained inunless required by applicable securities law.




PART I


Unless this report as a result of new informationAnnual Report indicates otherwise or other circumstances that may become knownthe context requires, the terms “Reliant Bancorp,” “our Company,” “the Company,” “us,” “we” and “our” and similar terms refer to Reliant Bancorp.

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PART I

ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

Overview

Reliant Bancorp Inc. (f/k/a Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.) (the “Companyand its subsidiaries including Reliant Bank, which we sometimes refer to as “Reliant” or the “Bank”.


ITEM 1. BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
Reliant Bancorp,”), Inc. is a Tennessee corporation was incorporated on March 4, 2011, to serve as aand the holding company for and the sole shareholder of Reliant Bank (f/k/a Commerce Union Bank). It became the holding company of Reliant Bank upon completion of Reliant Bank’s reorganization into a holding company structure on June 6, 2012.

Bank.Reliant Bancorp, Inc. is registered as a registered financial holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended and under the bank holding company laws of the State of Tennessee.(the "Bank Holding Company Act"). Reliant BankBancorp, Inc. was organized in April 17, 2006, as a state chartered bankincorporated under the laws of the State of Tennessee.Tennessee on March 4, 2011. Reliant Bancorp, Inc. became the holding company for, and sole shareholder of, Reliant Bank upon the completion of Reliant Bank’s reorganization into a holding company corporate structure on June 6, 2012. On July 7, 2015, Reliant Bancorp, Inc.’s common stock (“common stock”) began trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”), where it trades today under the symbol “RBNC.” Until December 31, 2017, the Company operated under the name “Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.”


Reliant Bank is a commercial bank chartered under Tennessee law and a member of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve"). Reliant Bank opened for business on August 14, 2006.

Acquisitions

Commerce Union /Legacy Reliant Bank Merger

On April 1, 2015, the Company completed the acquisitionoffers a full range of legacytraditional banking products and services to corporate and consumer clients throughout Middle Tennessee.


In addition to Reliant Bank, a Tennessee banking corporation (“Legacy Reliant Bank”). The Legacy Reliant Bank merger was accounted for as a reverse merger using the acquisition method of accounting, in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 805-10 Business Combinations. As such, for accounting purposes, Legacy Reliant Bank was considered to be acquiring Reliant Bancorp, in this transaction. AsInc. has a result, the financial statementsnumber of the Company prior to the Legacy other direct and indirect subsidiaries:

Reliant Bank merger are the historical financial statements of Legacy Risk Management, Inc.Reliant Bank. In periods following the Legacy Reliant Bank merger, the comparative historical financial statements of the Company are those of Legacy Reliant Bank prior to the merger. These consolidated financial statements include the results attributable to the operations of the Company beginning on April 1, 2015.

Community First,Risk Management, Inc. Merger

On August 22, 2017, Reliant Bancorp entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Community First, Inc. (“Community First”), Pioneer Merger Sub, Inc.,is a wholly ownedwholly-owned insurance captive subsidiary of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. that began operations on June 1, 2020. Reliant Risk Management, Inc. is a Tennessee-based captive insurance company which insures Reliant Bancorp and the Bank against certain risks unique to their operations and for which insurance may not be currently available or economically practicable in today's insurance marketplace. Reliant Risk Management, Inc. pools resources with several other similar insurance company subsidiaries of financial institutions to spread a limited amount of risk among themselves.Reliant Risk Management, Inc. is subject to regulations of the State of Tennessee and undergoes periodic examinations by the Tennessee Department of Commerce and Insurance.


Community First Trups Holding Company.Community First Trups Holding Company is a Tennessee corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. Community First Trups Holding Company was chartered on December 19, 2016. The company holds $10 million of trust preferred securities originally issued by Community First, Inc., which Reliant Bancorp, Inc. acquired January 1, 2018.

Community First Capital Trust I, Community First Capital Trust II, and Community First Capital Trust III. Each of Community First Capital Trust I, Community First Capital Trust II, and Community First Capital Trust III is a Delaware statutory trust wholly-owned by Reliant Bancorp, Inc. Each entity is one through which Community First,
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Inc. issued trust preferred securities prior to Reliant Bancorp, Inc.’s acquisition of Community First, Inc. on January 1, 2018.

Reliant Mortgage Ventures, LLC.Reliant Mortgage Ventures, LLC ("RMV") is a subsidiary of Reliant Bank. RMV was organized as a Tennessee limited liability company on November 15, 2011. RMV is a mortgage company joint venture between VHC Fund 1, LLC ("VHC") and Reliant Bank that offer mortgage banking services to customers within Reliant Bank's market footprint. Reliant Bank holds 51% of the governance rights in RMV and 30% of the financial rights in RMV, subject to VHC’s right to first recover its capital contributions.

Reliant Investment Holdings, LLC. Reliant Investment Holdings, LLC is a Tennessee limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Reliant Bank ("Holdings"). Reliant Investment Holdings, LLC was organized on October 26, 2018, and offers investment services to Reliant Bank.

First Financial Mortgage Corporation of Clarksville.First Financial Mortgage Corporation of Clarksville is a Tennessee corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Reliant Bank. Reliant Bank acquired First Financial Mortgage Corporation of Clarksville when Reliant Bank merged with First Advantage Bank on April 1, 2020. The company currently is inactive and has no operations or assets.

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had grown to approximately $3.0 billion in assets, including approximately $2.3 billion of loans held for investment, and approximately $2.6 billion of deposits.

MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS

The Company has grown significantly in recent years as a result of several mergers and acquisitions.

Combination of Reliant Bank and Legacy Reliant Bank

On April 1, 2015, Reliant Bank (then operating as Commerce Union Bank) and legacy “Reliant Bank,” a Tennessee state-chartered bank established in January 2006 and headquartered in Brentwood, Tennessee (“Legacy Reliant Bank”), completed a merger of equals. Upon completion of this transaction, the Company had approximately $790.8 million in total consolidated assets, gross loans of approximately $561.4 million, and total deposits of approximately $623.9 million. As a result of this transaction, Reliant Bank succeeded to Legacy Reliant Bank’s ownership interest in RMV.

Acquisition of Community First, Inc.

On January 1, 2018, Reliant Bancorp acquired Community First, Inc., the parent company for Community First Bank & Trust, a Tennessee-chartered commercialTennessee state-chartered bank headquartered in Columbia, Tennessee. Upon completion of this transaction, the Company had approximately $1.6 billion in total consolidated assets, gross loans of approximately $1.1 billion, and wholly owned subsidiarytotal deposits of approximately $1.3 billion. In connection with this transaction, pursuant to supplemental indentures, each dated January 1, 2018, by and between the Company and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee, the Company assumed all of Community First, (“Inc.’s obligations with respect to its $23.0 million of outstanding trust preferred securities.

Acquisition of Tennessee Community First Bank”). Holdings, Inc.

On January 1, 2018,2020, Reliant Bancorp completedacquired Tennessee Community Bank Holdings, Inc., the acquisitionparent company for Community Bank & Trust, a Tennessee state-chartered bank headquartered in Ashland City, Tennessee. Upon completion of Communitythis transaction, the Company had approximately $2.2 billion in total consolidated assets, gross loans of approximately $1.6 billion, and total deposits of approximately $1.8 billion.

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Acquisition of First and Community First Bank and issued approximately 2,416,444 shares ofAdvantage Bancorp
On April 1, 2020, Reliant Bancorp common stock valued atacquired First Advantage Bancorp, the parent company for First Advantage Bank, a Tennessee state-chartered bank headquartered in Clarksville, Tennessee. Upon completion of this transaction, the Company had approximately $62.0 million. All$2.9 billion in total consolidated assets, gross loans of Community First’s outstanding restricted share awards became fully vestedapproximately $2.2 billion, and were cancelledtotal deposits of approximately $2.3 billion.

HUMAN CAPITAL RESOURCES
In order to continue to deliver on our mission of financial inclusion for all, it is crucial that we attract and converted automatically into the rightretain talent who desire to receive the merger consideration.

Target Markets

Reliant Bancorp,enable financial equality through its subsidiary Reliant Bank, provides a full rangedelivery of traditional banking services throughout the Middle Tennessee Regioncapable solutions, thoughtful innovation and the Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin Metropolitan Statistical Area (the Nashville MSA). Based on the deposit market share data published by FDIC as of June 30, 2017, the latest available date, Reliant Bank is ranked the 14th largest bankequitable consumer options in the Nashville MSA. Reliant Bank primarily markets its servicesthat we serve. To facilitate talent attraction and retention, we strive to small businessesmake the Company an inclusive, safe and residents of its markets. Reliant Bank operates its main officehealthy workplace, with opportunities for our employees to grow and seven branchesdevelop in Davidson, Robertson, Sumner,their careers, supported by strong compensation, benefits, health and Williamson counties in Tennessee. Additionally, Reliant Bank operates mortgage production offices in Hendersonville, Tennessee, and Timonium, Maryland and loan and deposit production offices in Murfreesboro and Chattanooga, Tennessee. Following the Community First merger effective January 1, 2018, Reliant Bank added seven branches in Columbia, Mount Pleasant, Centerville, Lyles, and Thompson Station, Tennessee.

Employees

welfare programs.


Employee Profile
As of December 31, 2017, Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank2020, we had 168approximately 428 employees on a full-time or part-time basis. basis in locations across Middle Tennessee. This represents an increase of 127 employees, or 42%, from December 31, 2019 due primarily to the TCB Holdings Transaction and FABK Transaction. As of December 31, 2020, the Company continued to employ 24 and 87 employees who joined the Company as part of the TCB Holdings Transaction and FABK Transaction, respectively.


December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
MaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleTotal
Mortgage Division284775294978
Bank Segment11224135366157223
Total14028842895206301

Using the original hire dates of those employees hired in connection with acquisitions, average employee length of tenure was 5.95 years as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Total Rewards
As part of our compensation philosophy, we believe that we must offer and maintain market competitive total rewards programs for our employees in order to attract and retain superior talent. In addition to healthy base wages, additional programs include annual bonus opportunities, an Employee Stock Purchase Plan, a Company-matched 401(k) Plan, healthcare and insurance benefits, health savings and flexible spending accounts, paid time off, family leave, family care resources, flexible work schedules, adoption assistance, and employee assistance programs.

Health and Safety
The success of our business is fundamentally connected to the well-being of our people. Accordingly, we are committed to the health, safety and wellness of our employees. We provide our employees are not representedand their families with access to a variety of flexible and convenient health and welfare programs, including benefits that support their physical and mental health by a collective bargaining unit. Reliant Bancorp believesproviding tools and resources to help them improve or maintain their health status and that its relationship with its employees is good. Reliant Bank employs seasoned banking professionals with experienceoffer choices where possible so they can customize their benefits to meet their needs and the needs of their families. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we implemented significant operating environment changes that we determined were in the market areabest interest of our employees, as well as the communities in which we operate. This includes having approximately 40% of our employees work from home, while implementing additional safety measures for employees continuing critical on-site work.

Talent
A core tenet of our talent system is to both develop talent from within and who are activesupplement with external hires. This approach has yielded loyalty and commitment in their communities.

our employee base which in turn promotes business growth, product and service improvement, and customer growth and retention. We also believe that adding new employees and external ideas supports a continuous improvement mindset and our goals of a diverse and inclusive workforce. We believe that our average employee tenure - 5.95 years as of the end of the fiscal year 2020 - reflects the engagement of our employees in this core talent system tenet. Additionally, the Company was named Best Small Bank in Tennessee by Newsweek in its first ranking of financial
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Products

institutions that best serve their customers' needs in today's challenging times. The Company was also recognized as a Top Workplace of 2020, an award based solely on employee feedback gathered through a third-party survey administered by research partner Energage. In particular, this award recognizes the Company as an employer that supports the needs of its workforce, offering career-advancement opportunities, great benefits and Services Overview

competitive pay.


We encourage and support the growth and development of our associates and, wherever possible, seek to fill positions by promotion and transfer from within the organization. Continual learning and career development is advanced through quarterly performance and development conversations between associates and their managers, internally-developed training programs, customized corporate training engagements and educational reimbursement programs.

PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

Reliant Bank is a full-service community bank. ItsOur principal business is banking, consistingwhich consists of lending and deposit gathering (asactivities as well as the offering of other banking-related products and services)services to businesses and individuals of the communities it serves,within our market footprint.
Loan Products and the operational support to deliver, fund and manage such banking services. Reliant Bank providesServices
We offer a widefull range of lending products, including commercial, banking servicesreal estate, manufactured housing, and consumer loans.We compete for businesses and individuals, including checking, savings, and money market deposit accounts, certificates of deposit andthese loans for consumers, commercial and real estate. Reliant Bank’swith other financial institutions or intermediaries who are also well established in our geographic markets.

Our profitability is dependent ondepends upon our responsible lending with strong focus on lending standardspractices, which are designed to help ensure long-term, balanced growth in assets loans,(including loans), deposits and net income in a manner consistent with safe, sound and prudent banking practices. To achieve this goal, Reliant Bank’s strategy is to: (1) expandincome. We strive to grow loans and deposits through organic market share growth and strategic acquisitions; (2) provide customers with a breadth of financial products and financial services; (3) employ, empower and motivate managementour employees to provide personalized customer service, consistent with the best traditions of community banking, while maximizing profits; and (4) maintain exceptional asset quality and control overhead expense.

Reliantexpenses.

Depository Products and Services
We seek to establish and maintain a strong base of core deposits, including savings, noninterest-bearing checking, interest-bearing checking, money market and certificate of deposit accounts (including products offered through various Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service ("CDARS") programs).

Our ability to gather deposits is enhanced by the comprehensive relationships our directors and bankers have built with the businesses and individuals who live and do business in our market footprint.Rates paid on deposits vary among banking markets and deposit categories due to different terms and conditions, individual deposit size, services rendered, and rates paid by competitors on similar deposit products. We act as a depository for a number of state and local governments and governmental agencies or municipalities. Such public fund deposits are often subject to competitive bidding processes and in many cases must be secured by pledging a portion of our investment securities or a letter of credit.

We also offer our commercial clients a comprehensive array of treasury management services, which include remote deposit capture, on-line wire origination, enhanced Automated Clearing House ("ACH") origination services, positive pay, zero balance and sweep accounts, automated bill pay services, electronic receivables processing, merchant card acceptance services, small business and commercial credit cards, and corporate purchasing cards.

Mortgage Banking Services

We originate mortgage loans throughout the Company's footprint as well as through purchases from correspondents. Mortgage loans are typically sold in the secondary market. Mortgage banking has provided the Bank provides a varietysource of loans, depositsnoninterest income and relatedreferrals for other banking services to its business customers. Such services included but are not limited to business checking,including home equity lines of credit and deposit products.

Other Banking Products and Services

We offer a broad array of convenience-centered products and services, business loans,including MoneyPass, a nationwide network of surcharge-free ATMs available to our clients, 24-hour telephone and lines of credit. Reliant Bank offers similar service to its consumers, including but not limited to personal loans, checking, residential mortgage loansonline banking, mobile banking, debit and mortgage refinancing, safe deposit boxes, debitcredit cards, direct deposit and official bank checks.

Competition

Reliant Bank has substantial competition in attracting and retaining deposits and making loans to its customers in allmobile deposit options.

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COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT
We face competition in all areasphases of our operations from a variety of different competitors, many of which are larger and have access to more financial resources than we do.us. Such competitors primarily include national, regional, and internet banks, in addition to other community banks, that seek to offer service levels similar to ours. We also face competition from many others types of financial institutions, including, without limitation,regional and national banks, internet banks, savings and loansloan associations, credit unions, finance companies, brokerage firms, insurance companies, and other financial intermediaries.

The financial services industry could become even more competitive as a result of legislative, regulatory and technological changes and continued consolidation. Banks, securities firms, and insurance companies can operate as affiliates under the umbrella of a financial holding company, which can offer virtually any type of financial service, including banking, securities underwriting, insurance (both agency and underwriting), and merchant banking. Also, Additionally, technology has lowered barriers to entry into the financial services industry and made it possible for nonbanksnon-banks to offer products and services traditionally provided by banks, such as automatic transfer and automatic payment systems. Many of our non-banknon-bank competitors have fewer regulatory constraints and may have lower cost structures. Additionally, due to their size, many competitors may be able to achieve economies of scale and, as a result, may offer a broader range of products and services as well as better pricing for those products and services than we can. Finally, as a result of the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was signed into law in late 2017, our competitors may choose to offer lower interest rates and pay higher deposit rates than we do.

We believe that we are able to successfully compete with larger banks and other community banksfinancial institutions in our target marketsmarket footprint by focusing on personal service and financialoffering products to meetsthat meet the needs of the community.

Intellectual Property

Reliant Bank utilizes the ownership rightsbusinesses and consumers who work and live in those markets.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION
We are required to two registered trademarksfile annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and other information with the United States PatentSecurities and Trademark Office forExchange Commission (the “SEC”), which are available to the protectionpublic from commercial document retrieval services and at the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov.

We also make available on our website (http://www.reliantbank.com) free of “RELIANT BANK”charge all of the reports that we file with or furnish to the SEC, including related exhibits and supplemental schedules and amendments to those reports, pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such materials with the SEC. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report. Please note that our website address is provided as an inactive textual reference only. We intend to disclose on our website any amendments or waivers to our Code of Ethics that are required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 5.05 of Form 8-K.

SUPERVISION AND REGULATION

General

We are subject to extensive regulation under both federal and state law. The laws and related regulations to which we are subject are generally intended to protect depositors and other customers, not shareholders. To the extent that the following information describes laws, rules, or regulations, it is qualified in its entirety by reference to the particular law, rule, or regulation. Changes in applicable laws, rules or regulations may have a material effect on our business, operations, and prospects. We cannot accurately predict the nature or extent of the effects on our business and earnings that fiscal or monetary policies or new federal or state legislation or regulations may have in the company’s respective colors and fonts. Reliant Bank also utilizes the website domains of reliantbank.com. future.

Holding Company Regulation

Reliant Bancorp also holds the rights to threeis registered trademarks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office for the continued protection of “COMMERCE UNION BANK” in the former entity’s respective colors and fonts.

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Supervision and Regulation

Reliant Bancorp, Inc.

Reliant Bancorp owns 100% of the stock of Reliant Bank, and therefore, we are consideredas a bank holding company within the meaning ofunder the Bank Holding Company Act, of 1956, as amended (the “and we have elected under the BankHolding Company Act”) to be a financial holding company. In order to qualify to be a financial holding company, a bank holding company and each of its subsidiary depository institutions must be “well capitalized” and “well managed” and each subsidiary depository institution must have at least a “satisfactory” rating under The Community Reinvestment Act (which is discussed below).


As a result,financial holding company, we are primarily subject to the supervision of and to regulation and examination and reporting requirements ofby the Federal Reserve underand subject to the reporting and other requirements of the Bank Holding Company Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.thereunder by the Federal Reserve. Moreover, as the holding company for a bank holding company of a bank locatedchartered in Tennessee, we also are subject to the Tennessee Banking Act, and as a Tennessee corporation, we are subject generally to the Tennessee Business Corporation Act.


As a financial holding company, Reliant Bancorp is required by law and Federal Reserve policy to act as a source of financial and managerial strength for its bank subsidiary, Reliant Bank, and to commit resources to support Reliant Bank. This support can be required at times when it would not be in the best interest of Reliant Bancorp’s shareholders or creditors to provide it.

The Bank Holding Company Act subjectand the regulations thereunder place limitations on the activities in which a bank holding company may engage. Subject to certain exceptions, also prohibitsthe Bank Holding Company Act and the regulations thereunder generally prohibit a bank holding company from engaging in, or acquiring direct or indirect control of more than 5% of the voting stock of any company engaged in, non-bankingnon-
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banking activities. An exception to this prohibition is for activities expressly found by the Federal Reserve to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto.

As Financial holding companies, however, are allowed to engage without prior Federal Reserve approval in a bank holding company, Reliant Bancorp is requiredbroader range of banking and non-banking activities that are deemed to file semi-annual reports withbe financial in nature or incidental to a financial activity. These “financial in nature” activities include securities underwriting, dealing and market making; organizing, sponsoring and managing mutual funds; insurance underwriting and agency; merchant banking activities; and other activities that the Federal Reserve together with any additional information ashas determined to be closely related to banking.


Under the Change in Bank Control Act and associated Federal Reserve may require. The Federal Reserve may also examine Reliant Bancorp.

Bank holding companies are required to act as a source of financial strength to each subsidiary bank and to commit resources to support each such subsidiary. This support may be required at times when a holding company may not be able to provide such support. In the event of a loss suffered or anticipated by the FDIC - as a result of default of a banking or thrift subsidiary of Reliant Bancorp or related to FDIC assistance provided to a subsidiary in danger of default - the other banking subsidiaries of Reliant Bancorp, ifregulations, generally, any may be assessed for the FDIC’s loss, subject to certain exceptions.

Regulation Y of the Rules and Regulations of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors requires persons actingperson that, directly or indirectly or in concert with one or more other persons, seeks to acquire control of a bank holding company or a Federal Reserve member bank (such as Reliant Bank) must give the Federal Reserve 60 daysdays’ prior written notice before acquiring control of athe bank holding company.company or member bank. Under the regulation,applicable regulations, control is defined as the ownership or control with theof or power to vote 25% or more of any class of voting securities of the bank holding company.company or member bank. The regulationregulations also providesprovide for a presumption of control if a person owns, controls,would own, control, or holdshold with the power to vote 10% or more (but less than 25%) of any class of voting securities of the bank holding company or member bank and ifeither the institution has securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act or no other person owns a greater percentage of that class of voting securities.

Payment


Reliant Bancorp is subject to the registration, disclosure, reporting, and other requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and administered by the SEC. Because the Company’s common stock is listed on Nasdaq, the Company is subject to Nasdaq’s rules for listed companies.

Bank Regulation

Reliant Bank is subject to extensive federal and state regulation that significantly affects its business and operations. As a Tennessee state-chartered bank that is a member of the Federal Reserve system, the Bank is primarily subject to supervision and regulation by the Federal Reserve and the Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions (the “TDFI”). The Bank is also subject to various regulations promulgated by the federal Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, an agency responsible for consumer protection in the financial sector.

The Federal Reserve and the TDFI regularly examine the Bank’s operations and have the authority to approve or disapprove of mergers to which the Bank is a party, the Bank’s establishment of new branches, and similar corporate actions. Both regulatory agencies have the power to take enforcement action to prevent or halt the continuance of unsafe or unsound banking practices or other violations of law. The FDIC, as the insurer of the Bank’s deposits, also has certain regulatory authority over and requires certain routine reporting by the Bank.

As a bank chartered under Tennessee law, Reliant Bank is subject to the provisions of the Tennessee Banking Act and, to the extent not inconsistent with the Tennessee Banking Act, the provisions of the Tennessee Business Corporation Act.

Dividends


Reliant Bancorp is a legal entity separate and distinct from Reliant Bank. The principal source of Reliant Bancorp’s cash flow for operations, including cash flow to paythe payment of interest toon its holders of trust preferred securities and anysubordinated notes, the payment of other indebtedness, and the payment of dividends payable to holders of its common shareholders, arestock, is dividends that Reliant Bancorp receives from Reliant Bank.

Various federal and state laws, rules, and regulations limit the amount of dividends that a subsidiary bank can pay to its parent holding company without regulatory approval. Generally, the Bank payscannot pay dividends in any calendar year that exceed its net income for that year plus its retained net income for the prior two calendar years without prior regulatory approval. Additionally, the Bank is generally prohibited from paying dividends if the Bank is not adequately capitalized or if payment of the dividends would cause the Bank to become undercapitalized. Under applicable federal capital adequacy guidelines, banks are also subject to dividend limitations and restrictions if they fail to maintain an appropriate capital conservation buffer. Federal and state bank regulators also have the authority to prohibit the payment of dividends by banks if they determine the payment of dividends to be an unsafe and unsound banking practice.

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There are also limitations on Reliant Bancorp asBancorp’s ability to pay dividends to its sole shareholder.shareholders. The Federal Reserve has issued a policy statement with regard to the payment of cash dividends by bank holding companies. This policy statement provides generally that a bank holding company should not pay, or should defer or significantly reduce, dividends if the bank holding company’s net income available to shareholders over the last four quarters (net of dividends paid during that period) is not sufficient to fully fund the dividends, if the bank holding company’s prospective rate of earnings retention is not consistent with the company’s capital needs and overall current and prospective financial condition, or if the bank holding company will not meet, or is in danger of not meeting, its minimum required regulatory capital ratios. A bank holding company subject to the federal capital adequacy regulations is also subject to dividend limitations and restrictions if it fails to maintain an appropriate capital conservation buffer. Under Tennessee law, Reliant Bancorp is not permitted to pay dividends if, after giving effect to such payment,the dividends, it would not be able to pay its debts as they becomecome due in the usual course of business or if its total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus any amounts neededthe amount necessary to satisfy the rights of preferred shareholders, if any, preferential rights if it were dissolving. In addition, in deciding whether or notupon dissolution. The Company may from time to declare a dividend of any particular size, Reliant Bancorp’s board of directors must considertime also be subject to contractual restrictions on its and Reliant Bank’s current and prospective capital, liquidity, and other needs.

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Additionally, various federal and state statutory provisions limit the amount of dividends subsidiary banks can pay to their holding companies without regulatory approval. The payment of dividends by any bank also may be affected by other factors, such as the maintenance of adequate capital for such subsidiary bank. In addition to the foregoing restrictions, the Federal Reserve has the power to prohibit dividends by bank holding companies if their actions constitute unsafe or unsound practices. The Federal Reserve has issued a policy statement on the payment of cash dividends by bank holding companies, which expresses the Federal Reserve’s view that a bank holding company experiencing earnings weaknesses should not pay cash dividends that exceed its net income or that could only be funded in ways that weaken the bank holding company’s financial health, such as by borrowing. Furthermore, the Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions (“TDFI”) also has authority to prohibit the payment of dividends by a Tennessee chartered bank when it determines such payment to be an unsafe and unsound banking practice. Should an insured member bank controlled by a bank holding company be “significantly undercapitalized” under the applicable federal bank capital ratios, or if the bank subsidiary is “undercapitalized” and has failed to submit an acceptable capital restoration plan or has materially failed to implement such a plan, the Federal Reserve may require prior approval for any capital distribution by the bank holding company. In addition, since our legal entity is separate and distinct from Reliant Bank and does not conduct stand-alone operations, our ability to pay dividends depends onto its shareholders.


During the ability of Reliant Bank to pay dividends to us, which is also subject to regulatory restrictions.

During thefiscal year ended December 31, 2017, 2020, Reliant Bancorp declaredpaid dividends throughout the year of $0.24totaling $0.40 per share on outstanding shares ofits common stock for a total of $2,024,561$6,227 in aggregate shareholder dividend declarationspayments for the year. The amount and timing of all future dividend payments, if any, is subject to our board’s discretion and our compliance with applicable laws, rules, regulations and regulatory guidance, and will depend on our earnings, capital position, financial condition and other factors, including new regulatory capital requirements, as they become known to us.

Other Restrictions

A bank holding company


Transactions with Affiliates and Insiders

Transactions between Reliant Bank and its subsidiariesaffiliates are also prohibited from acquiring any voting shares of, or interest in, any banks located outsidegoverned by Sections 23A and 23B of the stateFederal Reserve Act and the Federal Reserve’s Regulation W, which generally:

limit the extent to which a bank or its subsidiaries may engage in which the operations“covered transactions” with any one affiliate to an amount equal to 10.0% of the bank’s capital stock and surplus;

limit the extent to which a bank holding company’sor its subsidiaries are located, unlessmay engage in “covered transactions” with all affiliates to an amount equal to 20.0% of the bank’s capital stock and surplus; and

require that all such transactions be on terms substantially the same, or at least as favorable to the bank holding company and its subsidiaries are well-capitalized and well-managed. Further,or subsidiary, as those provided to a bank holding company and its subsidiaries are prohibited from engaging in certain tying arrangements in connection with the extension of credit or provision of any property or service. non-affiliate.

An affiliate of a bank holdinggenerally is any company maythat controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the bank, but which is not extend credit, lease, sell property, or furnish any services or fix or vary the consideration for these on the condition that (i) the customer must obtain or provide some additional credit, property or services from or to its bank holding company or subsidiaries thereof or (ii) the customer may not obtain some other credit, property, or services from a competitor, except to the extent reasonable conditions are imposed to assure the soundnesssubsidiary of the credit extended.

In approving acquisitionsbank. The term “covered transaction” includes the making of loans to an affiliate, the purchase of assets from an affiliate, the issuance of a guarantee on behalf of an affiliate, the purchase of securities issued by bank holding companiesan affiliate, and other similar types of banks and companies engaged in the banking-related activities described above, the Federal Reserve considers a number of factors, including expected benefits to the public such as greater convenience, increased competition, or gains in efficiency, as weighed against the risks of possible adverse effects such as undue concentration of resources, decreased or unfair competition, conflicts of interest, or unsound banking practices. transactions.


The Federal Reserve is also empoweredAct and the Federal Reserve’s Regulation O impose restrictions on Reliant Bank’s authority to differentiate between new activitiesextend credit to its executive officers, directors, and activities commenced throughgreater than 10% shareholders, as well as companies that such persons control. Among other things, these extensions of credit must be made on terms (including interest rates charged and collateral required) substantially the acquisitionsame as those offered to unaffiliated persons, or be made as part of a going concern.

The Attorney Generalbenefit or compensation program and on terms widely available to employees, and must not involve a greater than normal risk of repayment. In addition, the United Statesamount of loans Reliant Bank may within 30 days aftermake to these persons is based, in part, on the bank’s capital position, and specified approval by the procedures must be followed in making loans which exceed specified amounts.


Capital Adequacy

Federal Reserve of an acquisition involving a bank holding company, bring an action challenging such acquisition under the federal antitrust laws, in which case the effectiveness of such approval is stayed pending a final ruling by the courts. Failure of the Attorney General to challenge an acquisition does not, however, exempt the bank holding company from complying with both state and federal antitrust laws after the acquisition is consummated or immunize the acquisition from future challenge under the anti-monopoly provisions of the Sherman Antitrust Act.

Capital Guidelines

The Federal Reserve has issuedbanking regulators have implemented risk-based capital adequacy guidelines for certain bank or financial holding companies and member banks. Under the guidelines, the minimum ratio of capital to risk-weighted assets (including certain off-balance sheet items, such as standby letters of credit) is 8%. To be considered a “well-capitalized” bank or bank holding company under the guidelines, a bank or bank holding company must have a total risk-based capital ratio in excess of 10%. At least half of the total capital is to be comprised of common equity, retained earnings, and a limited amount of perpetual preferred stock, after subtracting goodwill and certain other adjustments (“Tier I capital”). The remainder may consist of perpetual debt, mandatory convertible debt securities, a limited amount of subordinated debt, other preferred stock not qualifying for Tier I capital, and a limited amount of loan and lease loss reserves (“Tier II capital”). Reliant Bank is subject to these capital requirements. In addition, the Federal Reserve has adopted a minimum leverage ratio (Tier I capital to total assets) of 3%. Generally, banking organizations are expected to operate well above the minimum required capital level of 3% unless they meet certain specified criteria, including that they have the highest regulatory ratings. Most banking organizations are required to maintain a Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of 3%, plus an additional cushion of at least 1% to 2%. The guidelines also provide that banking organizations experiencing internal growth or making acquisitions are expected to maintain strong capital positions substantially above the minimum supervisory levels without significant reliance upon intangible assets.

insured depository institutions.

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In July 2013, the federal banking regulators, in response to the statutory requirements of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), federal banking regulators adopted regulations implementing the Basel Capital Adequacy

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Accord (“Basel IIIIII”), which had been approved by the Basel member central bank governors in 2010 as an agreement among the countries’ central banks and bank regulators on the amount of capital banks must hold as a cushion against losses and insolvency. The newThese regulations provide for the following minimum capital to risk-weighted assets (“RWA”) requirements arein order for an institution to be considered “adequately capitalized”: a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5%, a Tier 1 capital ratio of 6.0%, and a total capital ratio of 8.0%. The minimumAdditionally, to be considered “adequately capitalized,” an institution must have a leverage ratio (Tier 1 capital to total assets) isof at least 4.0%. The new rule also changes the definition of capital, mainly by adopting stricter eligibility criteria for regulatory capital instruments, and new constraints on the inclusion of minority interests, mortgage-servicing assets (“MSAs”), deferred tax assets (“DTAs”), and certain investments in the capital of unconsolidated financial institutions. In addition, the new rule requires that most regulatory capital deductionsorder to be made fromconsidered “well capitalized,” an institution must have a common equity Tier 1 capital.

capital ratio of 6.5%, a Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.0%, a total capital ratio of 10.0%, and a leverage ratio of 5.0%.


Under Basel III, in order to avoid limitations on capital distributions, including dividend payments, and certain discretionary bonus payments to executive officers, a banking organization must hold a capital conservation buffer composed of common equity Tier 1 capital above its minimum risk-based capital requirements. The buffer is measured relative to RWA. Phase-in of therisk-weighted assets. The capital conservation buffer requirements began onwas phased in starting January 1, 2016, and the requirements will beit became fully phased in on January 1, 2019. A banking organization with a buffer greater than 2.5% once the capital conservation buffer is fully phased in would not be subject to limitslimitations on capital distributions or discretionary bonus payments; however, apayments. A banking organization with a buffer of less than 2.5% would beis subject to increasingly stringent limitations as the buffer approaches zero. The new ruleregulation also prohibits a banking organization from making distributions or discretionary bonus payments during any quarter if its eligible retained income is negative in that quarter and its capital conservation buffer ratio was less than 2.5% at the beginning of the quarter. The eligible retained income of a banking organization is defined as its net income for the four calendar quarters preceding the current calendar quarter, based on the organization’s quarterly regulatory reports, net of any distributions and associated tax effects not already reflected in net income. When the new rule is fully phased in, theThe minimum risk-based capital requirements plus the capital conservation buffer will exceed the current prompt corrective action (“PCA”)(PCA) well-capitalized thresholds.

Underthresholds (discussed below).


In July 2019, federal banking regulators issued a final rule intended to simplify certain aspects of the newregulatory capital rules for banking organizations, such as Reliant Bank, that are not advanced approaches banking organizations. This final rule MSAs and DTAs are subjectis intended to stricter limitations than those applicable undersimplify the current general risk-basedregulatory capital rule. More specifically,treatment for mortgage servicing assets, certain DTAsdeferred tax assets arising from temporary differences, MSAs, and significant investments in the capital of unconsolidated financial institutions, inand the formcalculation of common stockminority interests. These changes were effective for Reliant Bank effective January 1, 2020.

Bank holding companies that qualify for the Federal Reserve’s Small Bank Holding Company and Savings and Loan Holding Company Policy Statement (the “Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement”) are each subjectexempt from consolidated capital requirements. The Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement is generally applicable to an individual limitbank holding companies with consolidated assets of 10% of common equity Tier 1 capital elements and are subject to an aggregate limit of 15% of common equity Tier 1 capital elements. The amount of these items in excess of the 10% and 15% thresholds are to be deducted from common equity Tier 1 capital. Amounts of MSAs, DTAs, and significant investments in unconsolidated financial institutionsless than $3 billion that are not deducted due to the aforementioned 10%engaged in significant nonbanking activities, either directly or through a nonbank subsidiary; do not conduct significant off-balance sheet activities, either directly or through a nonbank subsidiary; and 15% thresholds must be assigneddo not have a 250% risk weight. Finally, the new rule increases the risk weights for past-due loans, certain commercial real estate loans, and somematerial amount of debt or equity exposures, and makes selected other changes in risk weights and credit conversion factors.

The new minimum capital requirements of Basel III took effect on January 1, 2015, whereas the capital conservation buffer and the deductions from common equity Tier 1 capital phase in over time. Similarly, non-qualifying capital instruments phase out over time, except as described above. Most existing non-qualifying capital instruments issued by community banks before May 19, 2010, such assecurities outstanding (other than trust preferred securitiessecurities) that are registered with the SEC. Historically, the Company has qualified for the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement and, cumulative perpetual preferred stock, will continue to count as regulatory capital.

Failure to meet statutorily mandated capital guidelines or more restrictive ratios separately established for a financial institution could subject a banking institution to a variety of enforcement remedies available to state and federal regulatory authorities, including issuance of a capital directive, the termination of deposit insurance by the FDIC, a prohibition on accepting or renewing brokered deposits, limitations on the rates of interest that the institution may pay on its deposits, and other restrictions on its business.

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Tennessee Banking Act; Federal Deposit Insurance Act

Reliant Bank is incorporated under the banking laws of the State of Tennessee and istherefore, has not been subject to the applicable provisions of those laws. Reliant Bank is subject toFederal Reserve’s capital adequacy guidelines on a consolidated basis at the supervisionbank holding company level. As of the TDFI and to regular examination by that department. Reliant Bank is a memberend of the Federal Reserve and therefore is subject to Federal Reserve regulations and policies and is subject to regular examination bythird quarter of 2020, however, the Federal Reserve. Reliant Bank’s deposits are insured by the FDIC through the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”), and Reliant Bank is, therefore, subject to the provisions of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (“FDIA”).

Company’s total consolidated assets exceeded $3 billion.


The FDIC has adopted a risk-based assessment system for insured depository institutions that takes into account the risks attributable to different categories and concentrations of assets and liabilities. Under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street ReformEconomic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (“Dodd-Frank Act(the “Regulatory Relief Act”), enacted May 24, 2018, provided for the FDIC was required to adopt regulations that would base deposit insurance assessments on total assets lesssimplification of the regulatory capital rather than deposit liabilities and to include off-balance sheet liabilities ofrules for certain financial institutions and their affiliatesholding companies with total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion. The Regulatory Relief Act required the federal banking agencies to develop a community bank leverage ratio (“CBLR”) for qualifying banks and holding companies with total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion and an appropriate risk profile. The Regulatory Relief Act mandated a minimum CBLR of not less than 8% and not more than 10%. In October 2019, the federal banking agencies issued a final rule implementing the CBLR framework and setting the CBLR at 9%. Under the final rule, the CBLR is calculated, generally, as Tier 1 capital divided by average total consolidated assets (minus amounts deducted from Tier 1 capital). Under this final rule, which was effective January 1, 2020, a qualifying community banking organization that has opted to use the CBLR framework is considered to have met the generally applicable risk-based and leverage capital requirements, the capital ratio requirements to be considered “well capitalized” under the prompt corrective action framework (discussed below), and any other capital or leverage requirements to which the qualifying community banking organization is subject, if it maintains a CBLR greater than 9% (which threshold has as discussed below been temporarily reduced). A qualifying community banking organization is a non-advanced approaches banking organization, such as Reliant, that has a leverage ratio of greater than 9% (which threshold has as discussed below been temporarily reduced), total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion, total off-balance sheet exposures (excluding derivatives other than sold credit derivatives and unconditionally cancelable commitments) of 25% or less of total consolidated assets, and total trading assets and trading liabilities of 5% or less of total consolidated assets. Pursuant to the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), a $2 trillion legislative package signed into law in risk-based assessments. The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (“ESSA”) provided for a temporary increase inMarch 2020 to combat the basic limit on federal deposit insurance coverage from $100,000 to $250,000 per depositor. This increased level
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economic downturn precipitated by the Dodd-Frank Act. In addition, on October 14, 2008, the FDIC instituted temporary unlimited FDIC coverage of non-interest-bearing deposit transaction accounts, but this extra coverage expired December 31, 2012. The Dodd-Frank Act also repealed the prohibition on paying interest on demand transaction accounts, but did not extend unlimited insurance protection for these accounts.

The FDIC may terminate its insurance of deposits if it finds that the institution has engaged in unsafe and unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition imposed by the FDIC.

Tennessee statutes andCOVID-19 pandemic, the federal law regulatebanking agencies in October 2020 adopted a varietyfinal rule reducing the CBLR to 8% effective for the second quarter of 2020 and 8.5% effective January 1, 2021. The CBLR is scheduled to return to 9% effective January 1, 2022. While we believe we qualify as a qualifying community banking organization, we have not opted into the bankingCBLR framework.


Our failure to comply with applicable capital adequacy guidelines could lead to limitations on our business and operations, including limitations on our ability to engage in expansionary activities of Reliant Bank, including required reserves, investments, loans,such as mergers and consolidations, issuances of securities, payments of dividends,acquisitions and the establishment of branches. There are certain limitations under federal and Tennessee lawnew branch officers, as well as mandatory or discretionary actions by our regulators that could have a direct material effect on the payment of dividends by banks. A state bank, with the approval of the TDFI, may transfer funds from its surplus account to the undivided profits (retained earnings) account or any part of its paid-in-capital account. The payment of dividends by any bank is dependent upon its earnings andour financial condition and in addition to the limitations referred to above, is subject to the statutory powerresults of certain federal and state regulatory agencies to act to prevent what they deem unsafe or unsound banking practices. The payment of dividends could, depending upon our financial condition, be deemed to constitute such an unsafe or unsound practice. Also, without regulatory approval, a dividend only can be paid to the extent of the net income of the bank for that year plus the net income of the prior two years. The FDIA prohibits a state bank, the deposits of which are insured by the FDIC, from paying dividends if it is in default in the payment of any assessments due the FDIC.

State banks also are subject to regulation respecting the maintenance of certain minimum capital levels (see above), and Reliant Bank is required to file annual reports and such additional information as the Tennessee Banking Act and Federal Reserve regulations require. We are also subject to certain restrictions on loan amounts, interest rates, “insider” loans to officers, directors and principal shareholders, tying arrangements, privacy, transactions with affiliates, and many other matters. Strict compliance at all times with state and federal banking laws is required.

Tennessee law contains limitations on the interest rates that may be charged on various types of loans and restrictions on the nature and amount of loans that may be granted and on the types of investments that may be made. The operations of banks are also affected by various consumer laws and regulations, including those relating to equal credit opportunity and regulation of consumer lending practices. All Tennessee banks must become and remain insured banks under the FDIA.

Under Tennessee law, state banks are prohibited from lending to any one person, firm, or corporation amounts more than 15% of its equity capital accounts, except (i) in the case of certain loans secured by negotiable title documents covering readily marketable nonperishable staples or (ii) we may make a loan to one person, firm or corporation of up to 25% of its equity capital accounts with the prior written approval of the Bank’s board of directors.

operations.

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Community Reinvestment Act

The Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”), first enacted by Congress in 1977 and amended from time to time thereafter, requires that each depository institution’s record of helping meet the needs of its entire community be evaluated by depository institution’s primary federal regulator. The CRA helps assure that banks and other financial institutions make credit available to low- and moderate-income borrowers, consistent with safe and sound operations. Before the effective date of the merger, Reliant Bank earned the rating of “Satisfactory” in August of 2012 and Reliant Bank had earned a rating of “Outstanding” as of September 2012.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991


Federal law and regulations establish a capital-based regulatory framework designed to promote early intervention (or “prompt corrective action”) for troubled banks. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIAFDICIA”) substantially revised the depository institution regulatory and funding provisions of the FDIA, and revised several other federal banking statutes. Among other things, FDICIA requires the federal banking regulators to take “prompt corrective action” inwith respect ofto FDIC-insured depository institutions that do not meet certain minimum capital requirements. FDICIA establishesestablished five capital tiers:categories: “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized”undercapitalized,” and “critically undercapitalized.” Under currently applicable prompt corrective action regulations, aan FDIC-insured depository institution is definedconsidered to be well capitalized if (i) it maintains a Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of at leastno less than 5%, a risk-adjustedcommon equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of no less than 6.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of no less than 8%, and a total risk-based capital ratio of no less than 10% percent and (ii) it is not subject to any order or written directive to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure. An FDIC-insured depository institution generally is considered to be adequately capitalized if it maintains a Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of at least 4%, a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 4.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 6%, and a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10% and (ii)8%. An FDIC-insured depository institution is considered to be undercapitalized if it is not subject tohas a directive, orderTier 1 leverage capital ratio of less than 4%, a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 6%, or written agreement to meet and maintain specifica total risk-based capital levels.ratio of less than 8%. An insuredFDIC-insured depository institution is defined to be adequately capitalized if it meets all of its minimum capital requirements as described above. In addition, an insured depository institution is considered undercapitalized if it fails to meet any minimum required measure, significantly undercapitalized if it has a Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of less than 3%, a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 3%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4%, or a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 6%. An institution is significantly below such measure, andconsidered critically undercapitalized if it fails to maintain a level of tangible equity equal to not lesstotal assets of greater than 2% of total assets.. An insured depository institution may be deemed to be in a capitalization category that is lower than is indicated by its actual capital position if it receives an unsatisfactory examination rating.


A qualifying community banking organization that has opted into the CBLR framework and maintains a CBLR in excess of the required CBLR (currently 8.5% until January 1, 2022 when it will increase to 9%) will generally be considered “well capitalized” under the prompt corrective action regulations. If a qualifying community banking organization that has opted into the CBLR framework subsequently fails to satisfy one or more of the CBLR criteria but continues to report a CBLR in excess of the required minimum CBLR (currently 7.5% until January 1, 2022 when it will increase to 8%), the organization can continue to use the CBLR framework and be deemed to meet the ‘‘well capitalized’’ capital ratio requirements for a grace period of up to two quarters. An organization that is unable to restore compliance with all qualifying criteria during the two-quarter grace period (including coming into compliance with the required leverage ratio requirement) or that reports a leverage ratio not in excess of the required minimum ratio would be subject to the generally applicable prompt corrective action capital requirements. As mentioned above, we have not opted into the CBLR framework.

Federal banking regulators are required to take various mandatory supervisory actions, and are authorized to take other discretionary actions, with respect to institutions in the three undercapitalized categories. The severity of the action taken depends upon the capital category in which an institution is placed.

FDICIA generally prohibits an FDIC-insured depository institution from making any capital distributions (including dividend payments) or paying any management fee to its holding company if the depository institution is or would thereafter be undercapitalized. Undercapitalized depository institutions are required to submit capital restoration plans guaranteed by their holding companies (as applicable), are subject to limitations on asset growth, and are subject to limitations on acquisitions, branching, and engaging in new lines of business. Significantly undercapitalized depository institutions (as well as undercapitalized institutions that fail to submit or implement an acceptable capital plan) are subject to a number of increasingly more stringent requirements and restrictions, including orders to sell sufficient stock to become adequately capitalized, limitations on the interest rates paid on deposits, mandates to alter, reduce, or terminate activities determined to pose excessive risk, prohibitions on accepting deposits from correspondent depository institutions, and limitations on compensation paid to
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senior executive officers (in addition to the requirements and restrictions applicable to undercapitalized institutions). Critically undercapitalized depository institutions are subject to the appointment of a receiver or conservator.

Additionally, an insured depository institution that is not adequately capitalized may not accept, renew, or roll over brokered deposits unless it has applied for and been granted a waiver and, even if granted a waived, the institution may not pay an effective yield on any such deposits which exceeds certain regulatory thresholds. An undercapitalized institution may not accept, renew, or roll over brokered deposits.

The capital-based prompt corrective action provisionprovisions of FDICIA and their implementing regulations apply to FDIC-insured depository institutions and are not directly applicable to the holding companies that control those institutions. However, the Federal Reserve has indicated that, in regulating bank and financial holding companies, it will take appropriate action at the holding company level based on an assessment of the effectiveness of supervisory actions imposed upon subsidiary depository institutions pursuant to these provisions and regulations.

FDICIA generally prohibits an


Federal Deposit Insurance

Reliant Bank’s deposits are insured up to prescribed statutory limits by the Deposit Insurance Fund of the FDIC. The standard deposit insurance coverage limit is $250,000 per depositor, per FDIC-insured bank, per ownership category.

The Bank is subject to deposit insurance assessments to maintain the Deposit Insurance Fund. In this regard, the Bank is required to remit quarterly deposit insurance premiums to the FDIC. Insurance premiums for each insured depository institution from making anyare determined based upon the institution’s capital distribution (including payment of dividends) or paying any management fee to its bank holding company if the depository institution would thereafter be undercapitalized. Undercapitalized depository institutions are subject to restrictions on borrowing from the Federal Reserve. In addition, undercapitalized depository institutions are subject to growth limitationslevel and are required to submit capital restoration plans. A depository institution’s bank holding company must guarantee the capital plan, up to an amount equalsupervisory rating provided to the lesser of 5% ofFDIC by the depository institution’s assets atprimary federal regulator and other information the time it becomes undercapitalized orFDIC determines to be relevant to the risk posed to the Deposit Insurance Fund by the institution. The assessment rate determined by considering such information is then applied to the amount of the capital deficiency wheninsured depository institution’s average consolidated total assets less its average tangible equity during the assessment period to determine the insured depository institution’s insurance premiums. An increase in the Bank’s assessment rate could have a material and adverse effect on our earnings, depending on the amount of the increase. The FDIC may also impose special assessments in emergency situations.

The FDIC may terminate the deposit insurance of any insured depository institution if the FDIC finds that the institution failshas engaged in or is engaging in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition imposed by the FDIC or any other regulatory agency. The termination of the Bank’s deposit insurance would have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Community Reinvestment Act

The Community Reinvestment Act of 1977, as amended (the “CRA”), requires depository institutions to complyassist in meeting the credit needs of their market areas consistent with safe and sound banking practices. Under the CRA, each depository institution is required to help meet the credit needs of its market areas by, among other things, providing credit or other financial assistance to low-income and moderate-income individuals and communities. Depository institutions are periodically examined for compliance with the plan. TheCRA and are assigned ratings, which ratings are made publicly available by the federal banking agencies. A bank’s CRA performance is also considered by federal banking agencies may not accept a capital plan without determining, among otherin evaluating applications seeking approval for things thatsuch as mergers, acquisitions, and new branch facilities. Reliant Bank’s CRA performance is evaluated by the plan is based on realistic assumptionsFederal Reserve. The Bank’s most recent CRA performance evaluation was in October 2016, and is likelyReliant Bank received an overall rating of “Satisfactory.” Reliant Bank’s failure to succeedfulfill its obligations under the CRA could prohibit or delay us from engaging in restoring the depository institution’s capital. If a depository institution fails to submit an acceptable plan, it is treated as if it is significantly undercapitalized.

Significantly undercapitalized depository institutions may be subject to a number of requirements andexpansionary activities or result in regulatory restrictions including orders to sell sufficient voting stock to become adequately capitalized, requirements to reduce total assets and cessation of receipt of deposits from correspondent banks. Critically undercapitalized depository institutions are subject to appointment of a receiver or conservator generally within 90 days of the date on which they became critically undercapitalized.

The FDIC has adopted regulations under FDICIA governing the receipt of brokered deposits and pass-through insurance. Under the regulations, a bank cannot accept, rollover or renew brokered deposits unless it is well-capitalized or it is adequately capitalized and receives a waiver from the FDIC. A bank that cannot receive brokered deposits also cannot offer “pass-through” insurance on certain employee benefit accounts. Whether or not it has obtained this waiver, an adequately capitalized bank may not pay an interest rate on any depositsconditions being imposed in excess of 75 basis points over certain index prevailing market rates specified by regulation. There are no such restrictions on a bank that is well-capitalized.

connection with those activities.

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FDICIA contains numerous other provisions, including accounting, audit and reporting requirements, termination of the “too big to fail” doctrine except in special cases, limitations on the FDIC’s payment of deposits at foreign branches, new regulatory standards in such areas as asset quality, earnings and compensation and revised regulatory standards for, among other things, powers of state banks, real estate lending and capital adequacy. FDICIA also requires that a depository institution provide 90 days prior notice of the closing of any branches.

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act

In 1999, the


The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (“GLBAGLBA”) ratified new powers for banks and, enacted in 1999, expanded the universe of activities in which bank holding companies especiallyand affiliates of banks are permitted to engage. GLBA eliminated many historical barriers to affiliations among banks and securities firms, insurance companies, and other financial service providers. Under GLBA, a bank holding company which has elected to become a financial holding company, like Reliant Bancorp has done, is able to engage in an expanded range of activities that are financial in nature, incidental to a financial activity, or complementary to a financial activity, subject in certain instances to prior Federal Reserve approval.
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Additionally, pursuant to GLBA, federal banking regulators have adopted regulations limiting the areasability of securitiesbanks and insurance. This law also includes requirements regarding the privacy and protection of non-public customer information held by financial institutions, as well as many other providers of financial services. There are provisions providing for functional regulation of the various services provided by institutions among different regulators. GLBA codified the “safeguards rule” which requires financial institutions to developdisclose nonpublic consumer information to non-affiliated third parties. The regulations require disclosure of privacy policies to consumers and, in some circumstances, allow consumers to prevent disclosure of certain personal information to nonaffiliated third parties. Under GLBA and its implementing regulations, banks and other financial institutions are required to implement a writtencomprehensive information security planprogram that describes howincludes administrative, technical, and physical safeguards to ensure the company is prepared forsecurity and plansconfidentiality of customer records and information. Pursuant to continueGLBA and certain state laws, financial institutions are required to protect customers’ and consumers’ non-publicnotify customers of security breaches resulting in unauthorized access to their personal information. GLBA did not remove the restrictions in the Bank Holding Company Act that prevent non-financial companies from entering retail and/or commercial banking. Finally, among many other sections of this law, there is some relief for small banks from the regulatory burden of the Community Reinvestment Act.


Bank Secrecy Act and USA PATRIOT Act


The Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, better known as the Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA(the “BSA”), requires all United States financial institutions to assist United States government agencies to detect and prevent money laundering. Specifically, the BSA requires financial institutions to (i) keep records of cash purchases of negotiable instruments,instruments; (ii) file reports of cash transactions exceeding a daily aggregate amount of $10,000, and to$10,000; (iii) report suspicious activity that might signify money laundering, tax evasion, or other criminal activities.

activities; and (iv) obtain and retain information regarding the identify and verification of the beneficial owners of business customers.


The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (“USA(the “USA PATRIOT ActAct”) substantially broadened existing anti-money laundering legislation and the extraterritorial jurisdiction of the United States, imposed new compliance and due diligence obligations, defined new crimes and penalties, compelled the production of documents located both inside and outside the United States, including those of foreign institutions that have a correspondent relationship in the United States, and clarified the safe harbor from civil liability to customers. The U.S.United States Treasury Department has issued a number of regulations implementing the USA PATRIOT Act that apply certain of its requirements to financial institutions such as ourReliant Bank. The regulations impose new obligations on financial institutions to maintain appropriate policies, procedures, and controls to detect, prevent, and report money laundering and terrorist financing. The Treasury Department may issue additional regulations that will further clarify the USA PATRIOT Act’s requirements.

Under the USA PATRIOT Act, all “financial institutions,” as defined,institutions” (as therein defined) must establish anti-money laundering compliance and due diligence programs. Such programs must include, among other things, adequate policies, the designation of a compliance officer, employee and director training programs, and an independent audit function to review and test the program.

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Tableprogram, and the ongoing due diligence and monitoring of Contentscustomer relationships including the beneficial owners of business customers.

Dodd-Frank

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (“Dodd-Frank Act”)


In July 2010, the Dodd-Frank Act was signed into law incorporatingbringing about numerous financial institution regulatory reforms. Many of these reforms were implemented between 2011 and 2014 through regulations promulgated by banking and securities regulators. The following discussion describes thecertain material elements of the regulatory framework. Many of the Dodd-Frank Act provisions are stated to only apply to larger financial institutions and do not directly impact community-based institutions like Reliant Bank. For instance, provisions that regulate derivative transactions and limit derivatives trading activity of federally-insured institutions, enhance supervision of “systemically significant” institutions, impose new regulatory authority over hedge funds, limit proprietary trading by banks, and phase-out the eligibility of trust preferred securities for Tier 1 capital are among the provisions that do not directly impact ourReliant Bank either because of exemptions for institutions below a certain asset size or because of the nature of our Bank’sthe bank’s operations. Other provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act that impact Reliant Bank are:

include provisions that:

Change

Changed the assessment base for federal deposit insurance from the amount of insured deposits to consolidated assets less tangible capital, eliminateeliminated the ceiling for and increase the size ofincreased the floor of the DIF,Deposit Insurance Fund, and offset the impact of the increase in the minimum floor on institutions with less than $10 billion in assets.

Make

Made permanent the $250,000 limit for federal deposit insurance.

Repeal

Repealed the federal prohibition on payment of interest on demand deposits, thereby permitting depositingdepository institutions to pay interest on business transaction and other accounts.

Centralize

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Centralized responsibility for consumer financial protection by creating a new agency, the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, also known as the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”(the “CFPB”), responsible for implementing federal consumer protection laws, although banks below $10 billion in assets will continue to be examined and supervised for compliance with these laws by their primary federal bank regulator.

Restrict

Restricted the preemption of state law by federal law and disallowdisallowed national bank subsidiaries from availing themselves of such preemption.

Impose

Imposed new requirements for mortgage lending, including new minimum underwriting standards, prohibitions on certain yield-spread compensation to mortgage originators, special consumer protections for mortgage loans that do not meet certain provision qualifications, prohibitions and limitations on certain mortgage terms, and various new mandated disclosures to mortgage borrowers.

Apply

Made applicable to certain bank and financial holding companies (currently, generally, those with $3 billion or more in total consolidated assets) the same leverage and risk basedrisk-based capital requirements that apply to insured depository institutions to bank holding companies.

institutions.


Permit national and state banks to establish de novo interstate branches at any location where a bank based in that state could establish a branch and require that bank and financial holding companies and banks be well-capitalized and well managed in order to acquire banks located outside their home state.

Impose

Imposed new limits on affiliated transactions and cause derivative transactions to be subject to lending limits.

Implement

Implemented corporate governance revisions, including with regard to executive compensation and proxy access to shareholders, that apply to all public companies, not just financial institutions.

Many aspects of the


The Dodd-Frank Act are subject to continued rulemaking and will take effect over several years, and their impact on Reliant Bank orhas increased the financial industry is difficult to predict before such regulations are adopted. However, there is a significant possibility that the Dodd-Frank Act will, in the long run, increase regulatory burden, compliance costs, and interestnoninterest expense for community banks. Of particular concern to many community banks is the depth and breadth of the powers of the CFPB, which has previously had and may in the future have significant impactimpacts on consumer compliance regulation andresulting in increased regulatory compliance costs, particularly for smaller depository institutions.

Jumpstart Our Business Startups


Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act

The Regulatory Relief Act was enacted in 2018 to modify or remove certain financial reform rules and regulations, including some of 2012

those implemented under the Dodd-Frank Act. While it maintained the majority of the regulatory structure established by the Dodd-Frank Act, the Regulatory Relief Act amended certain aspects for smaller depository institutions with less than $10 billion in assets, such as Reliant Bank. Portions of the Regulatory Relief Act address access to mortgage credit; consumer access to credit; protections for veterans, consumers, and homeowners; rules for certain bank or financial holding companies; capital access; and protections for student borrowers. Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank have focused and will continue to focus on the implementing rules and guidance for the various provisions in each section of the Regulatory Relief Act that impact their operations and activities.


As discussed above, the Regulatory Relief Act provided for the simplification of the regulatory capital rules for most financial institutions and their holding companies with total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion by establishing the community bank leverage ratio (CBLR) framework.

The Jumpstart Our Business StartupsRegulatory Relief Act (the “JOBSalso expanded the universe of bank holding companies that are permitted to rely on the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement by increasing the size of qualifying bank holding companies that can rely on the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement from $1 billion in total consolidated assets to $3 billion in total consolidated assets. Bank holding companies that qualify for the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement are exempt from consolidated capital requirements, even though their subsidiary depository institutions continue to be subject to capital adequacy guidelines.
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The Company historically has qualified for the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement. As of the end of the third quarter of 2020, however, the Company’s total consolidated assets exceeded $3 billion.

Further, the Regulatory Relief Act”) decreased the burden for community banks in regard to call reports, the Volcker Rule (which generally restricts banks from engaging in certain investment activities and limits involvement with hedge funds and private equity firms), mortgage disclosures, and risk weights for some high-risk commercial real estate loans. On December 28, 2018, the federal banking agencies issued a final rule implementing Section 210 of the Regulatory Relief Act that increased the asset threshold underto qualify for an 18-month examination cycle from $1 billion to $3 billion for qualifying institutions that are well-capitalized, well-managed and meet certain other requirements.

Any number of the provisions of the Regulatory Relief Act, or regulations issued thereunder, may have the effect of increasing our operating costs and expenses generally, decreasing our revenues, or changing the activities in which a bank or bank holding company may terminate registration of a security underwe choose to engage.

Developments Related to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,COVID-19 Pandemic

The United States Congress, the Federal Reserve, and other federal and state regulatory agencies have taken actions to 1,200 shareholders of recordmitigate disruptions to economic activity and financial stability resulting from 300.the COVID-19 pandemic. The JOBS Act also raisedfollowing summarize certain significant government actions taken in response to the threshold requiring companies to register to 2,000 shareholders from 500. Since the JOBSCOVID-19 pandemic.

CARES Act. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act was signed into law on March 27, 2020, and has subsequently been amended. Section 4013 of the CARES Act provides that financial institutions may elect to account for certain COVID-19-related loan modifications as not being troubled debt restructurings. Additionally, on April 7, 2020, federal banking regulators issued an Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications by Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised), which replaced a prior interagency statement predating the CARES Act. The revised interagency statement encourages financial institutions to work prudently with borrowers that may be unable to meet their contractual payment obligations because of the effects of COVID-19. It also addresses loan modifications not meeting the criteria set forth in Section 4013 of the CARES Act or for which financial institutions elect not to apply Section 4013. With respect to these loan modifications, the revised interagency statement provides that short-term modifications made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current on their contractual payments at the time of implementation of a modification program are not troubled debt restructurings. We have generally attempted to work within these parameters established by the CARES Act and this interagency guidance.

The CARES Act also provided for a special loan program administered through the United States Small Business Administration (“SBA”) commonly known as the “Paycheck Protection Program.” A primary purpose of the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) is to promote economic stabilization and provide relief to severely distressed businesses by providing for forgivable loans to small businesses to be used for, among other things, payroll costs (including benefits), rent, mortgage interest, and utilities. Under the PPP, small businesses and other entities and individuals can apply for loans from existing SBA lenders and other approved regulated lenders, subject to numerous bankslimitations and eligibility criteria.

The CARES Act also contained protections for homeowners and renters of properties with federally-backed mortgages, including a 60-day moratorium on the initiation of foreclosure proceedings and a 120-day moratorium on the initiation of eviction proceedings. Borrowers on federally-backed mortgages have the right under the CARES Act to request up to 360 days of forbearance on their mortgage payments if they experience financial hardship directly or bank holdingindirectly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Federal Housing Administration, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have independently extended their moratorium on foreclosures and evictions for single-family federally backed mortgages as well.

In late December 2020, the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act (the “Economic Aid Act”) rebooted the PPP. The rebooted program has many of the same parameters as the first program, but there are some important differences. Notable changes include the ability for businesses that previously received a PPP loan to be eligible for a second-draw PPP loan, provided they meet certain criteria. The Economic Aid Act also opened up first-draw PPP loans to additional companies and set aside funds for new and smaller borrowers, low and moderate income borrowers and for community and small lenders. It also allowed additional costs to be eligible for loan forgiveness, and borrowers will have filed to deregister their common stock.

spend no less than 60% of loan funds on payroll over a covered period.

Federal Reserve Actions. The Federal Reserve has taken a range of actions to support the flow of credit to households and businesses, including reducing the target federal funds rate and maintaining an accommodating stance on monetary policy. The
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Federal Reserve also announced that it would increase its holdings of United States Treasury securities and agency mortgage-backed securities and begin purchasing agency commercial mortgage-backed securities. Further, the Federal Reserve has encouraged depository institutions to borrow from the discount window and has lowered the primary credit rate for such borrowings by 150 basis points while extending the term of such loans up to 90 days. Reserve requirements were reduced to zero as of March 26, 2020.

In addition, the Federal Reserve has established a range of facilities and programs to support the United States economy and United States marketplace participants in response to economic disruptions associated with COVID-19. Through these facilities and programs, the Federal Reserve has taken steps to directly or indirectly purchase assets from, or make loans to, United States companies, financial institutions, municipalities and other market participants. The Federal Reserve established the Payroll Protection Program Liquidity Facility under which banks can obtain financing for PPP loans by pledging them to the Federal Reserve. Banks also have the ability to increase their borrowing capacity at the Federal Home Loan Bank by pledging PPP loans.

Additional legislative and regulatory action may be proposed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, any of which may include requirements that could significantly impact our business practices and operations. The impact of these legislative and regulatory initiatives on us, the economy and United States consumers will depend upon a wide variety of factors some of which cannot be determined at this time.

Current Expected Credit Loss (CECL)

In June 2016, a new accounting standard changing the method for providing for allowances for loan and lease losses was introduced by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. This new standard is commonly referred to as the Current Expected Credit Loss standard, or “CECL”. Under CECL, financial institutions are required to determine periodic estimates of lifetime expected credit losses on loans and held to maturity securities and recognize the expected credit losses through provision for loan losses, which is a marked departure from the current method of provisioning for incurred loan and lease losses. In December 2018, federal banking agencies issued a joint final rule to revise the regulatory capital rules to, among other things, address the implementation of CECL and provide an optional three-year phase-in period for the day-one adverse regulatory capital effects that banking organizations may experience upon adopting CECL.

CECL is currently scheduled to become effective for Reliant Bank in 2023. The use of this standard will increase the types of data required to determine the appropriate level of Reliant Bank’s allowance for loan and lease losses. The use of this standard may potentially increase Reliant Bank’s allowance for loan and lease losses. Any increase in Reliant Bank’s allowance for loan and lease losses or expenses incurred in order to make the determination for such allowance could have a material and adverse effect on Reliant Bank’s financial condition and results of operations. The direct effects of CECL on Reliant Bank are not yet known.

Other Laws and Regulations

Interest


Loan interest and other charges that our subsidiary bankReliant Bank collects or contracts for are subject to state usury laws and federal laws concerning interest rates. Our bank’sReliant Bank’s loan operations are also subject to federal laws applicable to credit transactions, such as:


The federal Truth-In-Lending Act, governingwhich governs disclosures of credit terms to consumer borrowers;


The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, requiringwhich requires financial institutions to provide information to enable the public and public officials to determine whether a financial institution is fulfilling its obligationobligations to help meet the housing needs of the communitycommunities it serves;


The Equal Credit Opportunity Act, prohibitingwhich prohibits discrimination in extending credit on the basis of race, creedcolor, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age, or other prohibited factors in extending credit;

factors;


The Fair Credit Reporting Act, governingwhich governs the use of consumer credit information and the provision of information to credit reporting agencies;

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The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, governing the manner in which consumer debts may be collected bygoverns debt collection agencies;practices; and


The rules and regulations of the various governmental agencies chargecharged with the responsibility of implementing these federal laws.


In addition, our bank subsidiary’sReliant Bank’s deposit operations are subject to the Electronic Funds Transfer Act and Regulation E issued by the Federal Reserve to implement thisthat act, which governsgovern automatic deposits to and withdrawals from deposit accounts and customers’ rights and liabilities arising from the use of automated teller machines and other electronic banking services.

FDIC Insurance Premiums

Reliant Bank is required to pay quarterly FDIC deposit insurance assessments to the DIF. The FDIC merged the Bank Insurance Fund (“BIF”) and the Savings Association Insurance Fund (“SAIF”) to form the DIF on March 31, 2006, in accordance with the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005. The FDIC maintains the DIF by assessing depository institutions an insurance premium. The amount each institution is assessed is based upon statutory factors that include the balance of insured deposits as well as the degree of risk the institution poses to the insurance fund. The FDIC uses a risk-based premium system that assesses higher rates on those institutions that pose greater risks to the DIF.

Effective April 1, 2009, the FDIC revised its risk-based assessment system to adjust the risk-based calculation of an institution’s unsecured debt, secured liabilities and brokered deposits. On November 12, 2009, the FDIC announced a final rule to increase of 3 basis points the deposit assessment base rate, beginning January 1, 2011. Additional increases in premiums will impact Reliant Bank’s earnings adversely. Depending on any future losses that the FDIC insurance fund may suffer due to failed institutions, there can be no assurance that there will not be additional significant premium increases in order to replenish the fund.

Under the FDIA, insurance of deposits may be terminated by the FDIC upon a finding that the institution has engaged in unsafe and unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition imposed by a federal bank regulatory agency.


Effects of Governmental Policies


Reliant Bank’sBank’s earnings are significantly affected by the difference between the interest earned by Reliant Bank on its loans and investments and the interest paid by Reliant Bank on its deposits or other borrowings. The yields on its assets and the rates paid on its liabilities are sensitive to changes in prevailing market rates of interest. Thus, the earnings and growth of Reliant Bank are influenced by general economic conditions, fiscal policies of the federal government, and the policies of regulatory agencies, particularly the Federal Reserve, which establishes national monetary policy. The nature and impact of any future changes in fiscal or monetary policies cannot be predicted.


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Commercial banks such as Reliant Bank are affected by the credit policy of various regulatory authorities, including the Federal Reserve. An important function of the Federal Reserve is to regulate the national supply of bank credit. Among the instruments of monetary policy used by the Federal Reserve to implement theseits objectives are open market operations in U.S.United States Government securities, changes in reserve requirements onfor bank deposits, changes in the discount rate on bank borrowings and limitations on interest rates that banks may pay on time and savings deposits. The Federal Reserve uses these meansinstruments in varying combinations to influence the overall growth of bank loans, investments and deposits, and also to affect interest rates charged on loans, received on investments or paid for deposits.


The monetary and fiscal policies of regulatory authorities, including the Federal Reserve, also affect the banking industry. Through changes in the reserve requirements against bank deposits, open market operations in U.S.United States Government securities and changes in the discount rate on bank borrowings, the Federal Reserve influences the cost and availability of funds obtained for lending and investing. No prediction can be made with respect to possible future changes in interest rates, deposit levels or loan demand or with respect to the impact of such changes on the business, results of operations, and earnings of Reliant Bank.

From


Future Legislation and Regulation

Various and significant legislation affecting financial institutions and the financial industry is from time to time legislation is enacted which hasintroduced in the effect of increasingTennessee General Assembly or the cost of doing business, limiting or expanding permissible activities, or affectingUnited States Congress, as evidenced by the competitive balance between banks and other financial institutions. With the enactments of EESA, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, andsweeping reforms in the Dodd-Frank Act, and the subsequent rollback of portions of the Dodd-Frank Act that began in 2018. Many of the regulations mentioned above were adopted or amended pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act. Additional legislation, at both the state and federal levels, may create new, or continue to change existing, banking statutes and regulations, and may alter the operating environment of Reliant Bancorp and its subsidiaries, particularly Reliant Bank, in significant numberand unpredictable ways, and such legislation could significantly increase or decrease our cost of regulations that havedoing business, limit or will be promulgated under theseexpand the permissible activities in which we can engage, and/or affect the competitive balance among financial institutions. Current and other laws affecting financial institutions,future political and economic conditions and uncertainty makes the nature and extent of the future legislative and regulatory changes affecting financial institutions unpredictable.

Risk Factors Summary

You should carefully read and consider the risk factors set forth under Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” as well as all other information contained in this Annual Report. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect us. If any of these risks materialize, our business, financial position, results of operations, cash flows or prospects could be materially, adversely affected. While not an exhaustive list, our risk factors are generally designed to address the following factors:

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Economic Risks
Our operations are geographically concentrated in Middle Tennessee.
Uncertain market conditions and economic trends could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Reliant Bancorp may be adversely affected by the soundness of other financial institutions.

Credit and Interest Rate Risks
Reliant Bank’s decisions regarding credit risk and provision for loan loss may materially and adversely affect its business.
The amount of our nonperforming assets may increase significantly, resulting in additional losses and costs and expenses that will negatively affect our operations.
Interest rate shifts could reduce net interest income and otherwise negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.
Reliant Bank’s focus on those institutionslending to small to mid-sized community-based businesses may increase Reliant Bank’s credit risk.
If the underwriting quality supporting our mortgage loan originations is found to be deficient, our profitability could decrease and willwe may incur losses.

Strategic and Operational Risks
We may be unpredictable. Bills are currently pendingunable to implement aspects of our growth strategy, which may affect our ability to maintain historical earnings trends.
Future growth may result in additional risks.
We may face risks associated with future mergers and acquisitions and organic growth.
Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank are dependent on retaining and recruiting key personnel.
Our historical operating results may not be indicative of our future operating results.
Reliant Bank faces strong competition for customers, which could prevent it from obtaining customers and may cause it to pay higher interest rates to attract customers.
We may not be able to report financial results accurately and timely if we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting.
A failure in or breach of Reliant Bancorp’s or Reliant Bank’s computer or information technology systems or networks, or those of third parties, could disrupt our businesses and adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations, as well as cause us reputational harm.
We may not be able to implement new technology to stay current with changes in the financial services industry.
We may be adversely affected by technology or security breaches or failures on our part or that of a third party.

Liquidity Risks
Liquidity risk could impair our ability to fund our operations and jeopardize our financial condition.
Economic and other circumstances may require Reliant Bancorp to raise capital at times or in amounts that are unfavorable.

COVID-19 Pandemic Risks
The COVID-19 pandemic has had and is likely to continue to have an adverse effect, which could be material, on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
Unpredictable future developments related to or resulting from the effectCOVID-19 pandemic could materially and adversely affect our business and results of changingoperations.
The spread of COVID-19, or governmental responses to the waysame, may disrupt banking and other financial activity in the areas in which we operate and could potentially create business continuity issues for us.
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As a participating lender in the PPP, Reliant Bank is subject to additional risks of litigation from its customers or other parties regarding Reliant Bank’s processing of loans for the PPP, regulatory risks, and risks that the SBA may not fund some or all PPP loan guaranties.

General Risks
The value of our Bank conducts its business.

Statistical Information Requiredgoodwill and other intangible assets may decline in the future.

We may be subject to environmental liabilities in connection with foreclosures on real estate assets securing our loan portfolio.
We may experience increased credit losses and credit related expenses in the event of a major natural disaster, public health crisis (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), other catastrophic event or significant climate change effects.

Legal, Regulatory and Compliance Risks
We are subject to extensive government regulation and supervision.
Applicable capital requirements may prevent us from paying dividends or repurchasing shares or adversely impact our operating results.
Reliant Bank’s FDIC deposit insurance premiums and assessments may increase.
Laws and regulations relating to privacy, information security and data protection could increase our costs, affect or limit how we collect and use personal information and adversely affect our business opportunities.
Anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing laws could have significant adverse consequences for us.
Our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by Guide 3

changes in accounting standards and interpretations.

We are subject to risks related to legal proceedings.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock
The statisticalmarket price of our common stock may fluctuate causing investors to incur losses.
Our common stock is less liquid than many other stocks quoted on a national securities exchange.
Our ability to pay cash dividends is limited, and we may not be able to pay dividend in the future.
Shares of Reliant Bancorp common stock are not FDIC insured.


ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Before you decide to invest in our common stock, you should carefully consider the risks described below, together with all other information required to be displayed under Item 1 pursuant to Guide 3, “Statistical Disclosure by Bank Holding Companies,” of the Exchange Act Industry Guides is included in “Management’sthis Annual Report, including the disclosures in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in Item 7.

“Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” We believe the risks described below are the risks that are material to us as of the date of this Annual Report. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that case, you could experience a partial or complete loss of your investment.

Economic Risks

Reliant Bancorp is geographically concentrated in Middle Tennessee, and changes in local economic conditions impact our profitability.

We currently operate primarily in the Nashville MSA and surrounding Middle Tennessee area, and most of our loan, deposit and other customers live or have operations in this area. Accordingly, our success significantly depends upon the growth in population, income levels, deposits, and housing starts in this market, along with the continued attraction of business ventures to the area, and our profitability is impacted by the changes in general economic conditions in this market. We cannot assure you that economic conditions, including loan demand, in our market will improve during 2021, or thereafter, and if economic conditions do not improve or worsen, we may not be able to grow our loan portfolio in line with our expectations, and the
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ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

ability of our customers to repay their loans to us may be negatively impacted and our financial condition and results of operations could be negatively impacted.

Compared to regional or national financial institutions, we are less able to spread the risks of unfavorable local economic conditions across a large number of diversified economies. Moreover, we cannot give any assurance that we will benefit from any market growth or more favorable economic conditions in our primary market areas if they do occur.

Uncertain market conditions and economic trends could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We operate in an uncertain economic environment, including generally uncertain conditions nationally and locally in our industry and market. Financial institutions continue to be affected by volatility in the real estate market in some parts of the country and uncertain regulatory and interest rate conditions. We retain direct exposure to the residential and commercial real estate markets in Middle Tennessee, particularly in the Nashville MSA, and are affected by these events.

Our ability to assess the creditworthiness of customers and to estimate the losses inherent in our loan portfolio is made more complex by uncertain market and economic conditions. Global health concerns relating to the COVID-19 outbreak and related government actions taken to reduce the spread of the virus have been weighing on the macroeconomic environment, and the outbreak has significantly increased economic uncertainty and reduced economic activity. Unfavorable economic trends, sustained high unemployment, and declines in real estate values can cause a reduction in the availability of commercial credit and can negatively impact the credit performance of commercial and consumer loans, resulting in increased write-downs. These negative trends can cause economic pressure on consumers and businesses and diminish confidence in the financial markets, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to access capital. A worsening of these conditions, such as a recession or economic slowdown, would likely exacerbate the adverse effects of these difficult market conditions on us and others in the financial services industry.

Our risk management practices, such as monitoring the concentration of our loans within specific industries and our credit approval practices, may not adequately reduce credit risk, and our credit administration personnel, policies and procedures may not adequately adapt to changes in economic or any other conditions affecting customers and the quality of the loan portfolio. A national economic recession or deterioration of conditions in our market could drive losses beyond that which is provided for in our allowance for loan losses ("ALL") and result in one or more of the following consequences:

increases in loan delinquencies;

increases in nonperforming assets and foreclosures;

decreases in demand for our products and services, which could adversely affect our liquidity position; and

decreases in the value of the collateral securing our loans, especially real estate, which could reduce customers’ borrowing power and repayment ability.

Declines in real estate values, declines in volume of home sales and financial stress on borrowers as a result of the uncertain economic environment, including job losses, could have an adverse effect on our borrowers and/or their customers, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Reliant Bancorp’s may be adversely affected by the soundness of other financial institutions.

Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty, or other relationships. We have exposure to many different industries and counterparties, and routinely execute transactions with counterparties in the financial services industry, including commercial banks, brokers and dealers, investment banks, and other institutional clients. Many of these transactions expose our Bank to credit risk in the event of a default by a counterparty or client. In addition, our credit risk may be exacerbated when the collateral held by the Bank cannot be realized on or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amount of the credit or derivative exposure. Any such losses could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
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Negative public opinion surrounding Reliant Bancorp or the financial institutions industry generally could damage our reputation and adversely impact our earnings.

Reputation risk, or the risk to Reliant Bancorp’s business, earnings and capital from negative public opinion surrounding Reliant Bancorp or the financial institutions industry generally, is inherent in Reliant Bancorp’s business. Negative public opinion can result from Reliant Bancorp’s actual or alleged conduct in any number of areas, including lending practices, corporate governance and acquisitions, and from actions taken by government regulators and community organizations in response to that actual or alleged conduct. Negative public opinion can adversely affect Reliant Bancorp’s ability to keep and attract clients and employees and can expose it to litigation and regulatory action. Although Reliant Bancorp takes steps to minimize reputation risk in dealing with its clients and communities, this risk will always be present given the nature of Reliant Bancorp’s business.

Credit and Interest Rate Risks

The Bank’s decisions regarding credit risk and reservesprovision for loan lossesloss may materially and adversely affect its business.


Making loans and other extensions of credit is an essential element of Reliantthe Bank’s business. Although Reliantthe Bank seeks to mitigate risks inherent in lending by adhering to specific underwriting practices, its loans and other extensions of credit may not be repaid. The risk of nonpayment is affected by a number of factors, including:


the duration of the credit;


credit risks of a particular customer;


changes in economic andmicroeconomic, macroeconomic, or industry conditions; and

in the case of a collateralized loan, risks resulting from uncertainties about the future value of the collateral.

Reliant

in the case of a collateralized loan, risks resulting from uncertainties about the future value of the collateral


The Bank attempts to maintain an appropriate allowance for loan lossesALL to provide for potential losses in its loan portfolio. ReliantThe Bank periodically determines the amount of the allowanceALL based on consideration of several factors, including:


an ongoing review of the quality, mix, and size of our Bank’sthe Bank's overall loan portfolio;

portfolio

Reliant Bank’s

the Bank's historical loan loss experience;


evaluation of economicmicroeconomic and macroeconomic conditions;


regular reviews of loan delinquencies and loan portfolio quality; and


the amount and quality of collateral, including guarantees, securing the loans.


There is no precise method of predicting credit losses; therefore, Reliantthe Bank faces the risk that charge-offs in future periods will exceed its allowance for loan lossesALL and that additional increases in the allowance for loan lossesALL will be required. Additions to the allowance for loan lossesALL would result in a decrease in Reliant Bancorp’s net income and possibly its capital.


Federal and state regulators periodically review Reliantthe Bank’s allowance for loan lossesALL and may require Reliantthe Bank to increase its provision for loan losses or recognize further loan charge-offs, based on judgments different than those of its management. Any increase in the amount of Reliantthe Bank’s provision or loans charged-off as required by these regulatory agencies could have a negative effect on its operating results.

Reliant


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The amount of our nonperforming assets may increase significantly, resulting in additional losses and costs and expenses that will negatively affect our operations.
At December 31, 2020, we had a total of approximately $11.2 million of nonperforming assets, which represented approximately 0.37% of total assets. Should the amount of nonperforming assets increase in the future, we may incur losses and the costs and expenses to maintain such assets likewise can be expected to increase and potentially negatively affect earnings. Any additional increase in losses due to such assets could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Such effects may be particularly pronounced in a market with reduced real estate values and excess inventory.

Interest rate shifts could reduce net interest income and otherwise negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.

A large portion of our banking assets are monetary in nature and subject to risk from changes in interest rates. Like most financial institutions, our earnings and cash flows depend to a great extent upon the level of net interest income, or the difference between the interest income earned on loans, investments and other interest-earning assets, and the interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. Changes in interest rates can increase or decrease net interest income because different types of assets and liabilities may react differently, and at different times, to market interest rate changes. When interest-bearing liabilities mature or reprice more quickly or to a greater degree than interest-earning assets in a period, an increase in interest rates could reduce net interest income. Similarly, when interest-earning assets mature or reprice more quickly or to a greater degree than interest-bearing liabilities, falling interest rates could reduce net interest income.

An increase in interest rates may also, among other things, reduce the demand for loans and our ability to originate loans and decrease loan repayment rates. A decrease in the general level of interest rates may affect us through, among other things, increased prepayments on our loan portfolio and increased competition for deposits. Accordingly, changes in the level of market interest rates affect our net yield on interest-earning assets, loan origination volume, loan portfolio and overall results. Although our asset-liability management strategy is designed to control and mitigate exposure to the risks related to changes in market interest rates, those rates are affected by many factors outside of our control, including governmental monetary policies, inflation, deflation, economic recession, changes in unemployment, the money supply, international disorder and instability in domestic and foreign financial markets.

Additionally, interest rate increases often result in larger payment requirements for our borrowers, which increases the potential for default and could result in a decrease in the demand for loans. At the same time, the marketability of the property securing a loan may be adversely affected by any reduced demand resulting from higher interest rates. In a declining interest rate environment, there may be an increase in prepayments on loans as borrowers refinance their loans at lower rates. In addition, in a low interest rate environment, loan customers often pursue long-term fixed rate credits, which could adversely affect our earnings and net interest margin if rates increase. Changes in interest rates also can affect the value of loans, securities and other assets. An increase in interest rates that adversely affects the ability of borrowers to pay the principal or interest on loans may lead to an increase in nonperforming assets and a reduction of income recognized, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows. Increases in interest rates may have a material adverse effect on our mortgage banking revenue and profitability. RMV may also be adversely affected by other economic factors within our markets such as negative changes in employment levels, job growth, and consumer confidence and availability of mortgage financing, one or all of which could result in reduced demand or price depression from current levels. RMV is also dependent upon the securitization market for mortgage-backed securities and could be materially adversely affected by any fluctuation or downturn in such market. In the event of disruptions within the secondary markets for mortgage loans, we could experience a material adverse effect with respect to sales of mortgage loans and the profitability of our mortgage banking business.

Further, when we place a loan on nonaccrual status, we reverse any accrued but unpaid interest receivable, which decreases interest income. At the same time, we continue to incur a cost to fund the loan, which is reflected as interest expense on deposits and borrowings, without any interest income to offset the associated funding expense. We would incur a higher cost of funds to retain these deposits and borrowings in a rising interest rate environment. Our net interest income could be adversely affected if the rates we pay on deposits and borrowings increase more rapidly than the rates we earn on loans and investment securities. Thus, an increase in the amount of nonperforming assets would have an adverse impact on our net interest income.

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The Bank could incur significant costs and expenses related to RMV, and these costs and expenses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

RMV provides mortgage banking services to the Bank customers. The Bank holds 51% of the governance rights in RMV and 30% of the financial rights in RMV. VHC is the other member of RMV and holds 49% of the governance rights in RMV and 70% of the financial rights in RMV. Under the terms of the RMV operating agreement, VHC is required to fund RMV’s losses via additional capital contributions to RMV. RMV incurred a net loss of $299.0 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2020 and has incurred cumulative net losses of $13.7 million since inception. Also, per the terms of the RMV operating agreement, VHC is to receive all distributions of cash flow from RMV until such time as VHC has recovered its capital contributions to RMV. After the return to VHC of its capital contributions, VHC is to receive 70% of RMV cash flow distributions and the Bank is to receive 30% of RMV cash flow distributions. There can be no assurance that RMV will ever generate sufficient income to return to VHC its aggregate capital contributions or that the Bank will ever receive cash flow distributions from RMV.

To date, VHC has not failed to make a required contribution of additional capital to RMV to cover losses incurred by the company. In the event VHC fails to make a required contribution of additional capital to cover losses of RMV, the Bank has the right to cause the dissolution of RMV. However, in such event, the Bank could also be required to fund losses of RMV not funded by VHC, which losses could be significant. Additionally, in the event the Bank were to cause the dissolution of RMV, there would be costs and expenses associated with dissolving RMV and winding up the company’s operations or integrating them with those of the Bank, and those costs and expenses could be significant. Accordingly, VHC’s failure to make a required contribution of additional capital to cover losses of RMV and/or the Bank’s decision to cause the dissolution of RMV in the event of such a failure could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The Bank may have higher loan losses than it has allowed for in its allowance for loan losses. OurALL. Additionally, certain segments of our loan portfolio includes a meaningful amount of real estate construction and development loans, which have a greaterare traditionally considered to carry increased credit risk than residential mortgage loans.

Reliant Bank’srisk.


The Bank’s actual loan losses could exceed its allowance for loan losses. ReliantALL. The Bank’s average loan size continues to increase, and reliance on its historic allowance for loan lossesALL may not be adequate. A large portion of Reliantthe Bank’s loan portfolio is composed of construction and development, commercial mortgage, and other commercial loans. Additionally, manufactured housing loans make up a meaningful percentage of the Bank’s overall loan portfolio. Repayment of such loans is generally considered more subject to market risk than that of other loan types such as residential mortgage loans. Industry experience shows that a portion of loans will become delinquent and a portion of loans will require partial or entire charge-off. Regardless of the underwriting criteria used, losses may be experienced as a result of various factors beyond Reliant Bank’sour control, including, among other things, changes in market conditions affecting the value of loan collateral and problems affecting the creditcreditworthiness of Reliantthe Bank’s borrowers.


Our business may suffer if there are significant declines in the value of real estate.

The market value of real estate can fluctuate significantly in a short period of time as a result of market conditions in the geographic area in which the real estate is located. If the value of the real estate serving as collateral for our loan portfolio were to decline materially, a significant part of our loan portfolio could become under-collateralized. If the loans that are collateralized by real estate become troubled during a time when market conditions are declining or have declined, we may not be able to realize the value of the security anticipated when we originated the loan, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our allowance and provision for loan and lease losses and our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

Most of our foreclosed assets are comprised of real estate properties. We carry these properties at their estimated fair values less estimated selling costs. While we believe the carrying values for such assets are reasonable and appropriately reflect current market conditions, there can be no assurance that the values of such assets will not further decline prior to sale or that the amount of proceeds realized upon disposition of foreclosed assets will approximate the carrying value of such assets. If the proceeds from any such dispositions are less than the carrying value of foreclosed assets, we will record a loss on the disposition of such assets, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

Compared to national financial institutions, we are less able to spread the risks of unfavorable local economic conditions across a large number of diversified economies. Moreover, we cannot give any assurance that we will benefit from any market growth or return of more favorable economic conditions in our primary market areas if they do occur.
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We


The Bank’s focus on lending to small to mid-sized community based businesses may increase Reliant Bancorp’s credit risk.

Most of the Bank’s commercial business and commercial real estate loans are subjectmade to extensive government regulationsmall business or middle market customers. These businesses generally have fewer financial resources in terms of capital or borrowing capacity than larger entities and supervision; compliance with newhave a heightened vulnerability to economic conditions. Small to medium-sized businesses frequently have smaller market shares than their competition, may be more vulnerable to economic downturns, often need substantial additional capital to expand or compete and existing legislation, regulation, and supervisory requirements and expectations could detrimentally affect our business.

Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank are subject to extensive federal and state regulation and supervision, the primary focusmay experience substantial volatility in operating results, any of which ischaracteristics may impair a borrower’s ability to protect customers, depositors,repay a loan. In addition, the deposit insurance fund,success of a small or medium-sized business often depends on the management skills, talents and efforts of a small group of people, and the safetydeath, disability or resignation of one or more of these people could have a material adverse impact on the business and soundnessits ability to repay its loans. If general economic conditions in the markets in which the Bank operates negatively impact this important customer sector, Reliant Bancorp’s results of operations and financial condition and the value of its common stock may be adversely affected. Furthermore, the deterioration of the banking systemBank’s borrowers’ businesses may hinder their ability to repay their loans with the Bank, which could have a material adverse effect on Reliant Bancorp’s financial condition and results of operations.


If the underwriting quality supporting our mortgage loan originations is found to be deficient, our profitability could decrease and we may incur losses.

We provide several different loan products to our customers to finance the purchases of their homes. We sell a large number of the mortgage loans we originate into the secondary mortgage market, and those loans are underwritten to the standards and specifications of the ultimate investor. Insofar as we underwrite our originated loans to those standards, we generally bear no increased concentration of credit risk from the issuance of loans, except in certain limited instances where early payment default occurs. In the event that a whole,substantial number of the loans that we have originated fall into default and the investors to whom we sold the loans determine that we did not shareholders. The quantityunderwrite the loans in accordance with their requirements, we could be required to repurchase the loans from the investors or indemnify the investors for any losses incurred. This may result in losses that could have a material adverse effect on our profitability and scoperesults of applicable federaloperations.

Strategic and state regulationsOperational Risks

We may place banks at a competitive disadvantage comparedbe unable to less regulated competitors such as finance companies, credit unions, and leasing companies. Banking and consumer lending laws and regulations apply to almost every aspectimplement aspects of our business, including lending, capital, investments, deposits, other services, and products, risk management, dividends, and acquisitions.

Legislation and regulation with respect to our industry has increased in recent years, and we expect that supervision and regulation will continue to expand in scope and complexity. Congress and federal regulatory agencies continually review banking laws, regulations and policies for possible changes. Changes to statutes, regulations or regulatory policies, including changes in interpretation or implementation of statutes, regulations or policies, couldgrowth strategy, which may affect us in substantial and unpredictable ways, and could subject us to additional costs, limits on the services and products we may offer, or limits on the pricing of banking services and products. In addition, establishing systems and processes to achieve compliance with laws and regulation increases our costs and could limit our ability to pursuemaintain historical earnings trends.


Our business opportunities.

Ifhas grown rapidly as the result of a strategy focused on organic growth supplemented by acquisitions. Financial institutions that grow rapidly can experience significant difficulties as a result. We may be unable to execute on aspects of our growth strategy to sustain our historical rate of growth or may be unable to grow at all. More specifically, we receive less than satisfactory results on regulatory examinations,may be unable to generate sufficient new loans and deposits within acceptable risk and expense tolerances, obtain the personnel or funding necessary for additional growth or find suitable acquisition candidates. Various factors, such as economic conditions and competition, may impede or prohibit the growth of our operations, the opening of new branches and the consummation of acquisitions. Further, we couldmay be subjectunable to damage to our reputation, significant finesattract and penalties, requirements to increase compliance and risk management activities, an increase our deposit insurance assessment rate, in addition to related costs and restriction on acquisitions, new locations, new lines of business, or continued growth. Future changes in federal and state banking regulationsretain experienced bankers, which could adversely affect our operating results and ability to continue to compete effectively. For example, the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations subject us to additional restrictions, oversight and reporting obligations, which have significantly increased costs. And over the last several years, state and federal regulators have focused on enhanced risk management practices, compliance with the Bank Secrecy Act and anti-money laundering laws, data integrity and security, use of service providers, and fair lending and other consumer protection issues, which has increased our need to build additional processes and infrastructure. Government agencies charged with adopting and interpreting laws, rules and regulations may do so in an unforeseen manner, including in ways that potentially expand the reach of the laws, rules or regulations more than initially contemplated or currently anticipated. We cannot predict the substance or impact of pending or future legislation or regulation. Compliance with such current and potential regulation and scrutiny could significantly increase our costs, impede the efficiencygrowth. The success of our internal business processes, require us to increase our regulatory capital and limit our ability to pursue business opportunities in an efficient manner. Our successstrategy also depends on our ability to effectively manage growth, which is dependent upon a number of factors, including the ability to adapt existing credit, operational, technology and governance infrastructure to accommodate expanded operations. If we fail to build infrastructure sufficient to support rapid growth or fail to implement one or more aspects of our strategy, we may be unable to maintain compliance with both existinghistorical earnings trends, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and new laws and regulations.


Our recent acquisition and future expansionresults of operations.


Future growth may result in additional risks.

Over


In 2020, we completed both the last three years we have completedTCB Holdings Transaction and the acquisitions of Community First and Legacy Reliant Bank.FABK Transaction. We expect to continue to expand in our current markets and in other select markets through the establishment of additional branches and/or through additional acquisitions of all or part of other financial institutions. These types of expansionsexpansionary activities involve various risks, including the risks detailed below.


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Growth. AsIn connection with or as a result of our mergerpotential future acquisition activity and organic growth, we may be unable to successfully:

maintain loan quality in the context of significant loan growth;

obtain regulatory and other approvals;

attract sufficient deposits and capital to fund anticipated loan growth;

maintain adequate common equity and regulatory capital;

avoid diversion or disruption of our existing operations or management as well as those of the acquired institution;

maintain adequate management personnel and systems to oversee and support such growth;

maintain adequate internal audit, loan review and compliance functions; and

implement additional policies, procedures and operating systems required to support such growth.


maintain acceptable loan quality in the context of significant loan growth;

attract or retain sufficient deposits and capital to fund anticipated loan growth;

maintain adequate levels of regulatory capital;

avoid diversion or disruption of our existing operations or management as well as those of any acquired institution;

maintain adequate management personnel and systems to oversee and support such growth;

maintain adequate internal audit, loan review and compliance functions; and

implement additional policies, procedures and operating systems required to support such growth.


Results of Operations. There is no assurance that existingfuture Reliant Bank branch offices or future offices will maintain or achieve deposit levels, loan balances or other operating results necessary to avoid losses or produce profits. Our growth strategy necessarily entails growth in overhead expenses as we routinely add new offices and staff. Our historical results may not be indicative of future results or results that may be achieved as we continue to increase the number and concentration of our branch offices in our newer markets.


Development of offices.Offices. There are considerable costs involved in opening branches, and new branches generally do not generate sufficient revenues to offset their costs until they have been in operation for at least a year or more. Accordingly, any new branches we establish can be expected to negatively impact our earnings for some period of time until they reach certain economies of scale. The same is true for our efforts to expand in thesecurrent markets with the hiring of additional seasoned professionals with significant experience in that market.those markets. Our expenses could be further increased if we encounter delays in opening any of our new branches. We may be unable to accomplish future branch expansion plans due to a lack of available satisfactory sites, difficulties in acquiring such sites, failure to receive any required regulatory approvals, increased expenses or loss of potential sites due to complexities associated with zoning and permitting processes, higher than anticipated merger and acquisition costs or other factors. Finally, we havethere can be no assurance any branch will be successful even after it has been established or acquired, as the case may be.


Regulatory and economic factors.Economic Factors. Our growth and expansion plans may be adversely affected by a number of regulatory and economic developments or other events. Failure to obtain required regulatory approvals, changes in laws and regulations or other regulatory developments and changes in prevailing economic conditions or other unanticipated events may prevent or adversely affect our continued growth and expansion. Such factors may cause us to alter our growth and expansion plans or slow or halt the growth and expansion process, which may prevent us from entering into or expanding in our targeted markets or allow competitors to gain or retain market share in our existing markets.


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TableTransaction Termination. With respect to potential future acquisitions, pending transactions carry the risk of Contentsnot being completed and subjecting us to contractual termination fees as well as reputational risk.

Failure to successfully address these and other issues related to our expansionexpansionary activities could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and could adversely affect our ability to successfully implement our business strategy. Also, if our growth occurs more slowly than anticipated or declines, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

Liquidity risk could impair our ability to fund our operations and jeopardize our financial condition.

Liquidity represents an institution’s ability to provide funds to satisfy demands from depositors, borrowers and other creditors by either converting assets into cash or accessing new or existing sources of incremental funds. Liquidity risk arises from the possibility that we may be unable to satisfy current or future funding requirements and needs.

The objective of managing liquidity risk is to ensure that our cash flow requirements resulting from depositor, borrower and other creditor demands as well as our operating cash needs, are met, and that our cost of funding such requirements and needs is reasonable. We maintain an asset/liability and interest rate risk policy and a liquidity and funds management policy, including a contingency funding plan that, among other things, include procedures for managing and monitoring liquidity risk. Generally we rely on deposits, repayments of loans and leases and cash flows from our investment securities as our primary sources of funds. Our principal deposit sources include consumer, commercial and public funds customers in our markets. We have used these funds, together with federal funds purchased and other sources of short-term and long-term borrowings, to make loans and leases, acquire investment securities and other assets and to fund continuing operations.

An inability to maintain or raise funds in amounts necessary to meet our liquidity needs could have a substantial negative effect on Reliant Bank’s liquidity. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance our activities, or on terms attractive to us, could be impaired by factors that affect us specifically or the financial services industry in general. For example, factors that could detrimentally impact our access to liquidity sources include a decrease in the level of our business activity due to a market downturn or adverse regulatory action against us, a reduction in our credit rating, any damage to our reputation or any other decrease in depositor or investor confidence in our creditworthiness and business. Our access to liquidity could also be impaired by factors that are not specific to us, such as severe volatility or disruption of the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial services industry as a whole. Any such event or failure to manage our liquidity effectively could affect our competitive position, increase our borrowing costs and the interest rates we pay on deposits, limit our access to the capital markets and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

Deposit levels may be affected by a number of factors, including rates paid by competitors, general interest rate levels, returns available to customers on alternative investments, general economic and market conditions and other factors. Loan and lease repayments are a relatively stable source of funds but are subject to the borrowers’ and lessees’ ability to repay loans and leases, which can be adversely affected by a number of factors including changes in general economic conditions, adverse trends or events affecting business industry groups or specific businesses, declines in real estate values or markets, business closings or lay-offs, inclement weather, natural disasters and other factors. Furthermore, loans and leases generally are not readily convertible to cash. Accordingly, we may be required from time to time to rely on secondary sources of liquidity to meet growth in loans and leases, deposit withdrawal demands or otherwise fund operations. Such secondary sources include FHLB advances, brokered deposits, secured and unsecured federal funds lines of credit from correspondent banks, Federal Reserve borrowings and/or accessing the equity or debt capital markets.

We anticipate we will continue to rely primarily on deposits, loan and lease repayments, and cash flows from our investment securities to provide liquidity. Additionally, where necessary, the secondary sources of borrowed funds described above will be used to augment our primary funding sources. If we are unable to access any of these secondary funding sources when needed, we might be unable to meet our customers’ or creditors’ needs, which would adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity.


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Integrating Community First Bank into Reliant Bank’s operations may be more difficult, costly, or time-consuming than anticipated.

We are still in the process of integrating Community First Bank’s business with that of Reliant Bank. A successful integration of Community First Bank’s business with ours will depend substantially on our ability to consolidate operations, corporate cultures, systems and procedures and to eliminate redundancies and costs. We may not be able to combine our business with Community Bank’s business without encountering difficulties, such as:

the loss of key employees;

disruption of operations and business;

inability to maintain and increase competitive presence;

loan and deposit attrition, customer loss and revenue loss, including as a result of any decision we may make to close one or more locations;

possible inconsistencies in standards, control procedures and policies;

unexpected problems with costs, operations, personnel, technology and credit; and/or

problems with the assimilation of new operations, sites or personnel, which could divert resources from regular banking operations.

Additionally, general market and economic conditions or governmental actions affecting the financial industry generally may inhibit our successful integration of Community First’s business. Further, we acquired Community First with the expectation that the acquisition will result in various benefits including, among other things, benefits relating to enhanced revenues, a strengthened market position for the combined company, cross selling opportunities, technological efficiencies, cost savings and operating efficiencies. Achieving the anticipated benefits of this acquisition is subject to a number of uncertainties, including whether we integrate Community First’s business, including its organizational culture, operations, technologies, services and products, in an efficient and effective manner, our ability to achieve the estimated noninterest expense savings we believe we can achieve, and general competitive factors in the marketplace. Failure to achieve these anticipated benefits on the anticipated timeframe, or at all, could result in a reduction in the price of our shares as well as in increased costs, decreases in the amount of expected revenues and diversion of management’s time and energy and could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Additionally, we made fair value estimates of certain assets and liabilities in recording our acquisition of Community First. Actual values of these assets and liabilities could differ from our estimates, which could result in our not achieving the anticipated benefits of the acquisition. Finally, any cost savings that are realized may be offset by losses in revenues or other charges to earnings.


We may face risks with respect to future mergers and acquisitions.


When we attempt to expand our business through mergers and acquisitions (as we have done over the last threeseveral years), we seek targetspartners that are culturally similar to us, have experienced management and possess either market presence or have
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potential for improved profitability through economies of scale or expanded services. In addition to the general risks associated with our growth plans, which are highlighted above, in general, acquiring or merging with other banks and acquiring businesses or branches, particularly those in markets with which we are less familiar, involves various risks commonly associated with mergers and acquisitions, including, among other things:


the time and costs associated with identifying and evaluating potential acquisition and merger targets;


inaccuracies in the estimates and judgmentsjudgements used to evaluate credit, operations, management and market risks with respect to the target institution;

businesses;

the time and costs of evaluating new markets, hiring experienced local management, including as a result of de novo expansion into a market, and opening new bank locations, and the time lags between these activities and the generation of sufficient assets and deposits to support the significant costs of the expansion that we may incur, particularly in the first 12 to 24 months of operations;


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our ability to finance an acquisition and possible dilution to our existing shareholders;


the diversion of our management’smanagement's attention to the negotiation and completion of a transaction and integration of an acquired company’s operationscompany's operation with ours;

the incurrence of an impairment of goodwill associated with an acquisition and adverse effects on our results of operations;


entry into new markets where we have limited or no direct prior experience;


closing delays and increased costs and expenses related to the resolution of lawsuits filed by our shareholders or shareholders of companies we may seek to acquire;


the inability to receive regulatory approvals timely or at all, including as a result of community objections, or such approvals being restrictively conditional; and


risks associated with integrating the operations, technologies and personnel of thean acquired business.


We expect to continue to evaluate merger and acquisition opportunities that are presented to us in our current markets as well as other markets throughout the region and conduct due diligence activities related to possible transactions with other financial institutions. As a result, merger or acquisition discussions and, in some cases, negotiations may take place and future mergers or acquisitions involving cash or equity securities and related capital raising transactions may occur at any time. Generally, acquisitions of financial institutions involve the payment of a premium over book and market values, and, therefore, some dilution of our book value and fully diluted earnings per share may occur in connection with any future transaction. Failure to realize the expected revenue increases, cost savings, increases in product presence and/or other projected benefits from ana merger or acquisition could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.


In addition, we may face significant competition from numerous other financial services institutions, many of which may have greater financial resources than we do, when considering acquisition opportunities. Accordingly, attractive acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in identifying or completing any potential future acquisitions.


Reliant Bancorp and the Bank’s focus are dependent on lendingretaining and recruiting key individuals and the loss of one or more of these key individuals could curtail our growth and adversely affect our prospects.

Reliant Bancorp and the Bank are materially dependent on the performance of our executive management team, loan officers, and other support personnel. The loss of the services of any of these individuals could have a material adverse effect on the business of Reliant Bancorp and the Bank and our results of operations and financial condition. Many of these key personnel have important customer relationships, which are instrumental to smallthe Bank’s operations. Changes in key personnel and their responsibilities may be disruptive to mid-sized community based businessesReliant Bancorp's and the Bank’s business and could have a material adverse effect on Reliant Bancorp's and the Bank’s business, financial condition, and results of operations. Management believes that future results also will depend in part upon attracting and retaining highly skilled and qualified management, especially in the new market areas into which the Bank may increase enter, as well as sales and marketing personnel. The failure to attract or retain, including as a result of an untimely death or illness, key personnel, or to find suitable replacements for them, could have a negative effect on our operating results. Competition for such personnel is intense, and management cannot be sure that the Bank will be successful in attracting or retaining such personnel.

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Reliant Bancorp’s credit risk.

Mosthistorical operating results may not be indicative of its future operating results.

Reliant Bank’s commercial businessBancorp may not be able to sustain its historical rate of growth, and, commercial real estate loans are made to small business or middle market customers. These businesses generally have fewer financial resources in termsconsequently, Reliant Bancorp’s historical results of capital or borrowing capacity than larger entities and have a heightened vulnerability to economic conditions. If generaloperations will not necessarily be indicative of its future results of operations. Various factors, such as economic conditions, political, regulatory and legislative initiatives and considerations, and competition, may impede Reliant Bancorp’s ability to expand its market presence. If Reliant Bancorp experiences a significant decrease in the markets in which Reliant Bank operates negatively impact this important customer sector,its historical rate of growth, Reliant Bancorp’s results of operations and financial condition and the value of its common stock may be adversely affected. Furthermore, the deteriorationaffected because a high percentage of Reliant Bank’s borrowers’ businesses may hinder their ability to repay their loans with Reliant Bancorp, which could have a material adverse effect on Reliant Bancorp’s financial condition and results of operations.

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Reliant Bancorp is geographically concentrated in middle Tennessee and changes in local economic conditions impact our profitability.

We currently operate primarily in the Nashville, Tennessee MSA, and most of our loan, deposit and other customers live or have operations in this area. Accordingly, our success significantly depends upon the growth in population, income levels, deposits, and housing starts in this market, along with the continued attraction of business ventures to the areas, and our profitability is impacted by the changes in general economic conditions in this market. We cannot assure you that economic conditions, including loan demand, in our market will improve during 2016, or thereafter, and in that case, we may not be able to grow our loan portfolio in line with our expectations. In addition, the ability of our customers to repay their loans to us may be negatively impacted and our financial condition and results of operations could be negatively impacted.

Compared to regional or national financial institutions, weits operating costs are less able to spread the risks of unfavorable local economic conditions across a large number of diversified economies. Moreover, we cannot give any assurance that we will benefit from any market growth or return of more favorable economic conditions in our primary market areas if they do occur.

Reliantfixed expenses.


The Bank faces strong competition for customers, which could prevent it from obtaining customers and may cause it to pay higher interest rates to attract customers.


The banking business is highly competitive, and Reliantthe Bank experiences competition in its marketmarkets from many other financial institutions. ReliantThe Bank competes with commercial banks, credit unions, savings and loan associations, mortgage banking firms, consumer finance companies, securities brokerage firms, insurance companies, money market funds, and other mutual funds, as well as othersome of which are super-regional, national, and international financial institutions that operate offices in Reliant Bancorp’sthe Bank’s primary market areas and elsewhere. Reliant BancorpThe Bank competes with these institutions both in attracting deposits and in making loans. In addition, Reliant Bancorpthe Bank has to attract its customer base from other existing financial institutions and from new residents and businesses that have relocated to the Nashville Tennessee, MSA.MSA and Middle Tennessee. Many of Reliant Bancorp’sthe Bank’s competitors are well-established, larger financial institutions. These institutions offer some services, such as extensive and established branch networks, that Reliant Bancorpthe Bank does not provide. There is a risk that Reliant Bancorpthe Bank will not be able to compete successfully with other financial institutions in Reliant Bancorp’s market,the Bank’s markets, and that it may have to pay higher interest rates to attract deposits, resulting in reduced profitability. In addition, competitors that are not depository institutions are generally not subject to the extensive regulations that apply to Reliant Bancorp.

Reliant Bancorp’s deposit insurance premiumsthe Bank.


We may not be able to report our financial results accurately and timely as a publicly listed company if we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting.

As a publicly traded company, we are required to file periodic reports containing our consolidated financial statements with the SEC within a specified time following the completion of quarterly and annual periods. Maintaining effective disclosure controls and procedures is necessary to identify information we must disclose in our periodic reports, and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting is necessary to produce reliable financial statements and to prevent fraud. If we fail to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures or effective internal control over financial reporting, we may experience difficulty in satisfying our SEC reporting obligations. Any failure by us to file our periodic reports with the SEC in a timely manner could harm our reputation and cause investors and potential investors to lose confidence in us and reduce the market price of our common stock, and could result in Nasdaq suspending or delisting our common stock.

We incur significant costs, and our management is required to devote significant time to compliance-related matters, as a result of being an Exchange Act-reporting company, and additional financial, managerial and other resources would be substantially higher in the future, which could have a material adverse effectrequired if we lose our "smaller reporting company" and "non-accelerated filer" status.

As an Exchange Act-reporting company, we incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses on its future earnings.

Deposits in Reliant Bank are insured by the FDIC up to $250,000 subject to applicable limitations. To offset the cost of this insurance, the FDIC has adopted a risk-based assessment systeman ongoing basis for insured depository institutions that takes into account the risks attributable to different categories and concentrations of an insured depository institution’s assets and liabilities. An institution’s assessment rate depends on the category to which it is assigned and certain adjustments specified by the FDIC, with less risky institutions paying lower assessments. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, the FDIC has adopted regulations that base deposit insurance assessments on total assets less capital rather than deposit liabilities and include off-balance sheet liabilities of institutions and their affiliates in risk-based assessments.compliance purposes. In addition, the FDIC retainsrules of the authority to further increase Reliant Bank’s assessment ratesSEC and Nasdaq have imposed various requirements on public companies, including requirements for the FDIC has established a higher reserve ratioestablishment and maintenance of 2% as a long-term goal which goes beyond what is required by statute. Continued increases in our FDIC insurance premiums could have an adverse effect on Reliant’s results of operations.

Changes in prevailing interest rates may reduce Reliant Bancorp’s profitability.

Reliant Bancorp’s results of operations depend in large part upon the level of its net interest income, which is the difference between interest income from interest earning assets, such as loanseffective disclosure controls and investment securities, and interest expense on interest bearing liabilities, such as depositsinternal control over financial reporting. Our management and other borrowings. Depending on the termspersonnel devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives.


We are currently a “smaller reporting company” and maturities of Reliant Bancorp’s assets and liabilities, Reliant Bancorp believes it is more likely than not a significant change in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on its profitability. Many factors cause changes in interest rates, including governmental monetary policies and domestic and international economic and political conditions. While Reliant Bancorp intends to manage the effects of changes in interest rates by adjusting the terms, maturities, and pricing of its assets and liabilities, its efforts may not be effective and its financial condition and results of operations could suffer.

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Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bancorp are dependent on key individuals and the loss of one or more of these key individuals could curtail its growth and adversely affect its prospects.

Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank are materially dependent on the performance of the executive management team, loan officers, and other support personnel. Following the effective date of the merger, Reliant Bancorp has continued to be dependent on these officers and employees, in addition to the services of Reliant Bancorp’s executive team, including the president of Reliant Bancorp, the chief executive officer of Reliant Bancorp, and Reliant Bancorp’s chief financial officer. The loss of the services of any of these individuals could have a material adverse effect on the business of Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bancorp, results of operations, and financial condition. Many of these key officers have important customer relationships, which are instrumental to the Bank’s operations. Changes in key personnel and their responsibilities may be disruptive to Reliant Bank’s business and could have a material adverse effect on Reliant Bank’s business, financial condition, and results of operations, either before or after the merger. Management believes that future results also will depend in part upon attracting and retaining highly skilled and qualified management, especially in the new market areas into which Reliant Bancorp may enter, as well as sales and marketing personnel. Competition for“non-accelerated filer” under applicable SEC rules. As such, personnel is intense, and management cannot be sure that Reliant Bancorp will be successful in attracting or retaining such personnel.

Reliant Bancorp is an emerging growth company, and it cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make Reliant Bancorp’s common stock less attractive to investors.

Reliant Bancorp is subject to periodic reporting requirements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Reliant Bancorp is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, however, and it maywe take advantage of certain exemptions from variouscertain reporting requirements, that are applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including but not limited to, not being required to complyexemption from compliance with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes Oxley Act”), and reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in itsour periodic reports and proxy statements,statements. Should we lose these statuses, we may no longer be exempt from these requirements and exemptionsexpect that compliance with these requirements would increase our legal and financial compliance costs and would make some activities more time consuming and costly. In addition, our management and other personnel would need to divert attention from operational and other business matters to devote substantial time to these additional public company requirements. In particular, we would expect to incur significant expenses and devote substantial

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management effort toward ensuring compliance with the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. In addition, even if Reliant Bancorp complies with the greater obligations of public companies that are not emerging growth companies immediately after this offering, Reliant Bancorp may avail itselfSection 404(b) of the reduced requirements applicableSarbanes-Oxley Act. We will continue to emerging growth companies from time to time in the future, soqualify as a “smaller reporting company” as long as it(i) our public float is an emerging growth company. Reliant Bancorpless than $250 million or (ii) we have less than $100 million in annual revenues and public float of less than $700 million, and, in general, we will remain an emerging growth company for up to five years, though it may cease to be an emerging growth company earlier under certain circumstances, including if, before the endcontinue as a “non-accelerated filer” as long as we have less than $100 million in annual revenues and public float of such five years, it is deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the rules of the SEC (which depends on, among other things, having a market value of common stock held by non-affiliates in excess ofless than $700 million) or if Reliant Bancorp’s total annual gross revenues equal or exceed $1 billion in a fiscal year. Reliant Bancorpmillion. We cannot predictdiscern if investors will find itsour common stock less attractive because it willif we rely on these exemptions. If some investors find Reliant Bancorp’s common stock less attractivethe exemptions and reduced disclosure obligations afforded to smaller reporting companies and non-accelerated filers. For as long as we remain a result, there may be a less active trading market for Reliant Bancorp’s common stock“smaller reporting company” and its stock price may be more volatile.

Further, the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth“non-accelerated filer,” we intend to take advantage of certain exemptions from reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a classqualify under these categories.


We are subject to certain operational risks, including but not limited to customer or employee fraud.

Employee errors and employee and customer misconduct could subject us to financial losses or regulatory sanctions and seriously harm our reputation. Misconduct by our employees could include hiding unauthorized activities from us, improper or unauthorized activities on behalf of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are requiredour customers or improper use of confidential information. It is not always possible to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition periodprevent employee errors and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. Reliant Bancorp has elected not to opt out of such an extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, Reliant Bancorp, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make Reliant Bancorp’s financial statements not comparable with those of another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company, which has opted out of using the extended transition period because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

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The short-term and long-term impact of the changing regulatory capital requirements and recently adopted capital rules is uncertain.

On September 12, 2010, the Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision, the oversight body of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, announced agreement to a strengthened set of capital requirements for internationally active banking organizations in the U.S. and around the world, known as Basel III. Basel III called for increases in the requirements for minimum common equity, minimum Tier 1 capital and minimum total capital for certain systemically important financial institutions, to be phased in over time until fully phased in by January 1, 2019. The final rules were adopted by the federal banking agencies in July 2013.

The rules add a new common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio minimum of 4.5%, increase the minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets from 4.0% to 6.0%, and decrease the Tier 2 capital that may be included in calculating total risk-based capital from 4.0% to 2.0%. The final rules also introduce a common equity Tier 1 capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets, which is in addition to the Tier 1 and total risk-based capital requirements. The required minimum ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets will remain 8.0%misconduct, and the minimum leverage ratio will remain 4.0%. The new risk-based capital requirements (exceptprecautions we take to prevent and detect employee errors and misconduct may not be effective in all cases. Employee errors could also subject us to financial claims for the capital conservation buffer) became effective for Reliant Bancorp on January 1, 2015. The capital conservation buffer is being phased in over four years which began on January 1, 2016, with a maximum buffer of 0.625% of risk-weighted assets for 2016, 1.25% for 2017, 1.875% for 2018, and 2.5% for 2019 and thereafter. Failure to maintain the required capital conservation buffer will result in limitations on capital distributions and on discretionary bonuses to executive officers.

The final rules also implement revisions and clarifications consistent with Basel III regarding the various components of Tier 1 capital, including common equity, unrealized gains and losses and instruments that will no longer qualify as Tier 1 capital. The final rules also set forth certain changes for the calculation of risk-weighted assets that Reliant Bancorp was required to implement beginning January 1, 2015.

In addition to the updated capital requirements, the final rules also contain revisions to the prompt corrective action framework. Beginning January 1, 2015, the minimum ratios to be considered well-capitalized were updated to increase the minimum Tier 1 capital requirement from 6.0% to 8.0%, in addition to the requirement tonegligence. We maintain a common equity Tier 1 capital ratiosystem of 6.5%.

In addition, in the current economicinternal controls and regulatory environment, regulators of banks and bank holding companies have become more likelyinsurance coverage to impose capital requirements on bank holding companies and banks that are more stringent than those required bymitigate against these operational risks. If our internal controls fail to prevent or detect an occurrence, or if any resulting loss is not insured or exceeds applicable existing regulations.

The application of more stringent capital requirements for Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank could, among other things, result in lower returns on invested capital, require the issuance of additional capital, and result in regulatory actions if Reliant Bancorp were to be unable to comply with such requirements.

Interest rate movements, inflation and other economic factors can negatively impact our mortgage banking business.

Our financial results also are affected by the risks generally incident to our mortgage banking business, including interest rate levels, the impact of government regulation on mortgage loan originations and servicing and the need to issue forward commitments to fund and sell mortgage loans. Our mortgage banking business also is affected by interest rate fluctuations. We also may experience market losses resulting from daily increases in interest rates to the extent we are unable to match interest rates and amounts on loans we have committed to originate with forward commitments from third parties to purchase such loans. Increases in interest rates may have a material adverse effect on our mortgage banking revenue, profitability, stock performance, ability to service our debt obligations and future cash flows. Our mortgage loan operations may also be adversely affected by other economic factors within our markets such as negative changes in employment levels, job growth, and consumer confidence and availability of mortgage financing, one or all of which could result in reduced demand or price depression from current levels. Our mortgage banking operations are also dependent upon the securitization market for mortgage-backed securities, and could be materially adversely affected by any fluctuation or downturn in such market. In the event that disruptions to the secondary markets tighten or eliminate the available liquidity within the secondary markets for mortgage loans, we could experience a material adverse effect on our sales, profitability, and stock performance.

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If the underwriting quality of our mortgage originations is found to be deficient, our profit could decrease and we may incur losses.

We provide several different loan products to our customers to finance the purchase of their homes. We sell a large number of the mortgage loans we originate into the secondary mortgage market, and those loans are underwritten to the standards and specifications of the ultimate investor. Insofar as we underwrite our originated loans to those standards, we bear no increased concentration of credit risk from the issuance of loans, except in certain limited instances where early payment default occurs. In the event that a substantial number of the loans that we have originated fall into default and the investors to whom we sold the loans determine that we did not underwrite the loans in accordance with their requirements, we could be required to repurchase the loans from the investors or indemnify the investor for any losses incurred. This may result in losses thatinsurance limits, it could have a material adverse effect on our profitability, stock performance,business, financial condition or results of operations.


In addition, we rely heavily upon information supplied by third parties, including information contained in credit applications, property appraisals, title information, valuations and employment and income documentation, in deciding which loans we will originate as well as the terms of those loans. If any of the information upon which we rely is misrepresented, either fraudulently or inadvertently, and the misrepresentation is not detected prior to asset funding, the value of the asset may be significantly lower than expected, or we may fund a loan that we would not have funded or on terms we would not have extended.

A failure in or breach of Reliant Bancorp’s or the Bank’s computer or information technology systems or networks, or those of third parties, could disrupt our businesses and adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations, as well as cause us reputational harm.

The potential for operational risk exposure exists throughout our organization and, as a result of our interactions with and reliance on third parties, is not limited to our own internal operating functions. Our computer and information technology systems and networks, as well as those of third parties, are integral to our business and performance. We rely on our employees and third parties, including vendors, in the course of our day-to-day operations, any of whom may, as a result of human error, misconduct, malfeasance, or a failure or breach of systems or networks, expose us to risk, including the risk of a cyber-attack, which could disrupt the Bank’s operations and expose the Bank to future cyber-attacks. We have taken measures to implement backup systems and other safeguards to support our operations, but our ability to conduct business may be adversely affected by any significant disruptions in or to our computer or information technology systems or networks or those of third parties with whom we interact or upon whom we rely. Reliant Bancorp and the Bank have also prepared and annually test a business continuity plan that would be implemented in the event of a significant technological failure or if a current site become unavailable. In addition, our ability to implement backup systems and other safeguards with respect to third-party systems is more limited than with respect to our own systems. Our financial, accounting, data processing, backup, or other operating or security systems, or those of third parties with whom we interact or upon whom we rely, may fail to operate properly or become disabled or damaged as a result of a number of factors, including events that are wholly or partially beyond our or such third parties’ control, which could adversely affect our ability to process transactions or provide services. There could be sudden increases in customer transaction volume; electrical, telecommunications, or other major physical infrastructure outages; newly identified vulnerabilities in key hardware or software; natural disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes, and floods; disease pandemics; and events arising from local or larger scale political or social matters, including terrorist acts. In the event that backup systems are utilized, these systems may not process data as quickly as our primary systems and some data might not have been backed up. We continuously update the systems on which we rely to support our operations and to remain compliant with applicable laws, rules, and regulations. This updating entails significant costs and creates risks associated with implementing new systems and integrating them with existing ones, including business interruptions. Operational risk exposures could materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations, as well as cause us reputational harm.
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The financial services industry is undergoing rapid technological changes and we may not have the resources to implement new technology to stay current with these changes.

The financial services industry is undergoing rapid technological changes, with new technology-driven products and services being frequently introduced. In addition to better serving customers, the effective use of technology increases efficiency and enables financial institutions to reduce costs. Our future success will depend in part upon our ability to address the needs of our customers by using technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer demands for convenience as well as to provide secure electronic environments as we continue to grow and expand our market area. Many of our larger competitors have substantially greater resources to invest, and have invested significantly more than us, in technological improvements. As a result, they may be able to offer additional or more convenient products compared to those that we will be able to provide, which would put us at a competitive disadvantage. We may not be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing such products and services to our customers, which could impair our growth and profitability.

A cyber-attack, information or security breach, or technology failure, on our part or that of a third party, could adversely affect our ability to conduct our business, result in the disclosure or misuse of confidential or proprietary information, or adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations, as well as cause us reputational harm.
Our business is highly dependent on the security and integrity of our computer and information technology systems and networks, as well as those of third parties with whom we interact or on whom we rely. Our business is dependent on the secure processing, transmission, storage, and retrieval of confidential, proprietary, and other information in our computer and information technology systems and networks, and in the computer and information technology systems and networks of third parties. In addition, to access our networks, products, and services, our customers and other third parties may use personal mobile or computing devices that are outside of our network environment and are subject to their own unique cybersecurity risks.

We and our third-party service providers and customers have been subject to, and are likely to continue to be the target of, cyber-attacks. These cyber-attacks include computer viruses, malicious or destructive code, phishing attacks, denials of service or information, or other security breaches that could result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss, or destruction of confidential, proprietary, or other information of ours or of our employees or customers or third parties, as well as damages to our and third-party computer and information technology systems and networks and the disruption of our or our customers’ or other third parties’ systems, networks, or business. As cyber threats continue to evolve, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate any information security vulnerabilities or incidents. Despite efforts to protect the integrity of our systems and networks and implement controls, processes, policies, and other protective measures, cyber threats are rapidly evolving, and we may not be able to anticipate or prevent cyber-attacks or security breaches.

Cybersecurity risks for financial institutions have significantly increased in recent years in part because of the proliferation of new technologies and the use of the internet and telecommunications technologies to conduct financial transactions. Cybersecurity risks may increase in the future as we continue to increase our mobile-payment and other internet-based product offerings and expand our internal usage of web-based products and applications. In addition, cybersecurity risks have significantly increased in recent years due to the increased sophistication and activities of organized crime groups, hackers, terrorist organizations, hostile foreign governments, disgruntled employees or vendors, activists, and other external parties. Even the most advanced internal control environment may be vulnerable to compromise. Targeted social engineering attacks are becoming more sophisticated and are extremely difficult to prevent. The techniques used by bad actors change frequently, may not be recognized until launched, and may not be recognized until well after a breach has occurred. Additionally, the occurrence of cyber-attacks or security breaches involving third parties with access to our data, such as vendors, may not be disclosed to us in a timely manner.

Although to date we have not experienced any material losses or other material consequences relating to technology failures, cyber-attacks, or other information or security breaches, whether directed at us or third parties, there can be no assurance that we will not suffer such losses or other consequences in the future. Our risks associated with these matters remains heightened because of, among other things, the evolving nature of these threats, our size and scale, our role in the financial services
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industry, our plans to continue to implement our internet banking and mobile banking channel strategies and develop additional remote connectivity solutions to serve our customers when and how they want to be served, our continuous transmission of sensitive information to, and storage of such information by, third parties, the outsourcing of some of our business operations, threats of cyber terrorism, and system and customer account updates and conversions. As a result, cybersecurity and the continued development and enhancement of our controls, processes, policies, and other protective measures designed to protect our systems, computers, software, data, and networks from attack, damage, or unauthorized access remain a priority.

We also face indirect technology, cybersecurity, and operational risks relating to the customers and other third parties with whom we do business or upon whom we rely to facilitate or enable our business activities, including financial counterparties; financial intermediaries such as clearing agents, exchanges, and clearing houses; vendors; regulators; providers of critical infrastructure such as internet access and electrical power; and retailers for whom we process transactions. As a result of increasing consolidation, interdependence, and complexity of financial entities and technology systems, a technology failure, cyber-attack, or other information or security breach that significantly degrades, deletes, or compromises the systems or data of one or more financial entities could have a material impact on counterparties or other market participants, including us. This consolidation, interdependence, and complexity increases the risk of operational failure, on both individual and industry-wide bases, as disparate systems need to be integrated, often on an accelerated basis. Any third-party technology failure, cyber-attack, or other information or security breach could, among other things, adversely affect our ability to effect transactions, service our customers, manage our exposure to risk, or operate or expand our business.
Cyber-attacks or other information or security breaches, whether directed at us or third parties, may result in us experiencing material losses or have other material adverse consequences on us. Furthermore, the public perception that a cyber-attack on our systems has been successful, whether or not this perception is correct, could damage our reputation with customers and third parties with whom we do business. A successful penetration or circumvention of the security of our computer or information technology systems or networks could cause us negative consequences, including loss of customers and business opportunities, disruption to our operations and business, misappropriation or destruction of our confidential information or that of our customers, or damage to our customers’ or other third parties’ computers or systems, and could result in a violation of applicable privacy laws and other laws, litigation exposure, regulatory fines, penalties or intervention, loss of confidence in our security measures, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensatory costs, and additional compliance costs, all of which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Liquidity Risks
Liquidity risk could impair our ability to fund our operations and jeopardize our financial condition.

Liquidity represents a financial institution’s ability to provide funds to satisfy demands from depositors, borrowers and other creditors by either converting assets into cash or accessing new or existing sources of incremental funds. Liquidity risk arises from the possibility that we may be unable to satisfy current or future funding requirements and needs.

The objective of managing liquidity risk is to ensure that our cash flow requirements resulting from depositor, borrower and other creditor demands as well as our operating cash needs are met, and that our cost of funding such requirements and needs is reasonable. We maintain an asset/liability and interest rate risk policy and a liquidity and funds management policy, including a contingency funding plan, that, among other things, include procedures for managing and monitoring liquidity risk. Generally, we rely on deposits, repayments of loans and leases and cash flows from our investment securities as our primary sources of funds. Our principal deposit sources include consumer, commercial and public funds customers in our markets. We have used these funds, together with federal funds purchased and other sources of short-term and long-term borrowings, to make loans and leases, acquire investment securities and other assets and to fund continuing operations.

An inability to maintain or raise funds in amounts necessary to meet our liquidity needs could have a substantial negative effect on the Bank’s liquidity. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance our activities, or on terms attractive to us, could be impaired by factors that affect us specifically or the financial services industry in general. For example, factors that could detrimentally impact our access to liquidity sources include a decrease in the level of our business activity due to a market downturn or adverse regulatory action against us, a reduction in our credit rating, any damage to our reputation or any other decrease in depositor or investor confidence in our creditworthiness and business. Our access to liquidity could also be impaired by factors that are not specific to us, such as severe volatility or disruption in the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial services industry as a whole. Any such event or failure to manage our
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liquidity effectively could affect our competitive position, increase our borrowing costs and the interest rates we pay on deposits, limit our access to the capital markets and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

Deposit levels may be affected by a number of factors, including rates paid by competitors, general interest rate levels, returns available to customers on alternative investments, general economic and market conditions and other factors. Loan and lease repayments are a relatively stable source of funds but are subject to the borrowers’ and lessees’ ability to repay loans and leases, which can be adversely affected by a number of factors including changes in general economic conditions, adverse trends or events affecting business industry groups or specific businesses, declines in real estate values or markets, business closings or lay-offs, inclement weather, natural disasters and other factors. Furthermore, loans and leases generally are not readily convertible to cash. Accordingly, we may be required from time to time to rely on secondary sources of liquidity to meet growth in demand for loans and leases, deposit withdrawal demands or otherwise fund operations. Such secondary sources include FHLB advances, brokered deposits, secured and unsecured federal funds lines of credit from correspondent banks, Federal Reserve borrowings and/or accessing the equity or debt capital markets.

We anticipate we will continue to rely primarily on deposits, loan and lease repayments, and cash flows from our investment securities to provide liquidity. Additionally, where necessary, the secondary sources of borrowed funds described above will be used to augment our primary funding sources. If we are unable to access any of these secondary funding sources when needed, we might be unable to meet our customers’ or creditors’ needs, which would adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity.

Economic and other circumstances may require Reliant Bancorp to raise capital at times or in amounts that are unfavorable to it. If Reliant Bancorp has to issue shares of common stock, the issuance of the shares will dilute the percentage ownership interests of existing shareholders and may dilute the book value per share of Reliant Bancorp’s common stock and adversely affect the terms on which Reliant Bancorp may obtain additional capital.

We face significant capital and other regulatory requirements as a financial institution. We may need to raise additional capital in the future to provide sufficient capital resources and liquidity to meet our commitments and business needs, which could include financing acquisitions. In addition, we, on a consolidated basis, and the Bank, on a standalone basis, must meet certain regulatory capital requirements and maintain sufficient liquidity. Importantly, regulatory capital requirements could increase from current levels, which could require us to raise additional capital or reduce our operations. Our ability to raise additional capital depends on conditions in the capital markets, economic conditions and a number of other factors, including investor perceptions regarding the banking industry, market conditions and governmental activities, and on our financial condition and performance.

Reliant Bancorp may need to incur additional debt or equity financing in the future to make strategic acquisitions or investments or to strengthen its capital position. Reliant Bancorp cannot provide assurance that such financing will be available to Reliant Bancorp on acceptable terms or at all, or if Reliant Bancorp does raise additional capital that it will not be dilutive to existing shareholders.

If Reliant Bancorp determines, for any reason, that it needs to raise capital, Reliant Bancorp’s board of directors generally has the authority, without action by or vote of Reliant Bancorp's shareholders, to issue all or part of any authorized but unissued shares of stock for any corporate purpose subject to certain Nasdaq rules. Additionally, Reliant Bancorp is not restricted from issuing additional common stock or preferred stock, including securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, common stock or preferred stock or any substantially similar securities. The market price of Reliant Bancorp’s common stock could decline as a result of sales by Reliant Bancorp of a large number of shares of common stock or preferred stock or similar securities in the market or from the perception that such sales could occur. If Reliant Bancorp issues preferred stock that has a preference over its common stock with respect to the payment of dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, or if Reliant Bancorp issues preferred stock with voting rights that dilute the voting power of its common stock, the rights of holders of its common stock or the market price of Reliant Bancorp’s common stock could be adversely affected. Any issuance of additional shares of common stock will dilute the percentage ownership interests of Reliant Bancorp’s then current shareholders and may dilute the book value per share of its common stock.

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The amount of interest payable on our subordinated notes will vary beginning on December 15, 2024.
On December 13, 2019, Reliant Bancorp issued and sold $60.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 5.125% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2029 (the “Subordinated Notes”). The interest rate on the Subordinated Notes will vary beginning on December 15, 2024. The Subordinated Notes will bear interest at an initial rate of 5.125%, payable semi-annually until December 15, 2024, at which time the Subordinated Notes will bear interest at a floating rate equal to the three-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) (provided that, in the event three-month SOFR is less than zero, three-month SOFR will be deemed to be zero), plus a spread of 376.5 basis points. If interest rates rise, the cost of the Subordinated Notes may increase, thereby negatively affecting our net income.

COVID-19 Pandemic Risks
The COVID-19 pandemic has had and is likely to continue to have an adverse effect, which could be material, on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in widespread economic and financial disruptions that have adversely affected, and are likely to continue to adversely affect, our customers and other businesses in our market area. The full extent of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on our customers and market area, and the resulting impact on our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations, is unknown at this time, and will depend on a number of factors beyond our control, including without limitation:

the duration and ultimate severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the timing of development and widespread availability of effective medical treatments and/or vaccines;

the continued response of governmental authorities, which previously have significantly curtailed business and individual activities;

the success of monetary, fiscal, and other economic policies and programs adopted or implemented by governmental authorities, such as economic stimulus payments and the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), and designed to provide economic assistance to individuals and small businesses and otherwise mitigate the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on businesses and individuals;

compliance, operational or reputational risks related to our participation in governmental programs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, including increased costs and the risk of litigation or regulatory action;

negative trends in unemployment and consumer confidence; and

customer demand for our products and services, or lack thereof.

Many of the risks described under Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in this Annual Report may be exacerbated, and the impact of such risks may be magnified, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The following discussion highlights some areas where the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations could be most severe.

Credit Quality. Approximately 15.0% of our loan portfolio is comprised of non-owner-occupied loans to borrowers in the hotel and retail industries. These industries have been more severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and governmental responses, such as stay-at-home orders and social distancing requirements, than other industries, and may have a longer recovery period than other industries. Aside from the industries mentioned above, we have other borrowers whose ability to make loan payments is dependent on rental income from their tenants, some of whom are engaged in businesses significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Poor economic conditions often result in an increase in tenants failing to make rental payments, and economic relief programs adopted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic may permit tenants to defer or reduce rent payments. As a result of actual or expected credit losses, we may downgrade loans, increase our allowance for credit losses as a result of increases in non-performing assets, and write-down or charge-off credit relationships, any of which will negatively impact our results of operations. In 2020, we offered payment deferrals to many of our customers, and may need to offer further concessions or modifications, which could negatively impact our credit quality. In addition, market upheaval may affect the value of
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real estate and commercial assets. In the event of foreclosures, we may be unable to sell the foreclosed assets at a price that will allow us to recoup all or a significant portion of the delinquent loans.

Increased Demands on Capital and Liquidity. We experienced an increased volume of loan originations, particularly SBA loans pursuant to the PPP. Certain of these SBA loans have mandated interest rates that are lower than our usual rates and may not be purchased by the SBA or other third parties (or, in the case of PPP loans, forgiven) within expected timeframes. In addition, during times of economic distress, borrowers may draw on existing lines of credit or seek additional loans to finance their businesses. These factors may result in reduced levels of capital and liquidity being available to originate more profitable loans, which could negatively impact our ability to serve our existing customers and our ability to attract new customers.

Even following medical resolution of the COVID-19 pandemic and the loosening of restrictions on business and individual activities, the United States and local economies may not recover quickly and may experience a prolonged recession. Our business and operations would be adversely affected, possibly materially, by a slow economic recovery or a prolonged recession.

Deposits. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, deposit customers may retain higher balances. While increased low-interest deposits could have a positive impact in the short-term, we would not expect these funds to be replenished as customers use deposit funds for liquidity for their business and individual needs. If deposit levels decline, our available liquidity would decline, and we could be forced to obtain liquidity from other sources on terms less favorable than current deposit terms, which would in turn compress margins and negatively impact our results of operations.

Changes to Operations. We, along with many other third parties with whom we do business or upon whom we rely to facilitate or enable our business activities, have implemented a number of operational changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including increased work-from-home arrangements, which may result in a loss of employee engagement and productivity for our employees as well as those employees of other third parties with whom we do business or upon whom we rely to facilitate or enable our business activities, which could impact financial results and the operations of the Bank as well as increase risks related to cyber security.

Growth Strategy. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted, and may for some time continue to impact, our ability to execute on our growth strategy. The continuation or worsening of the COVID-19 pandemic may limit our ability to grow organically and/or via mergers or acquisitions. Since the COVID-19 pandemic began in the United States, the level of financial institution merger and acquisition activity has significantly declined, and we cannot predict when or if such activity will rebound.

Unpredictable future developments related to or resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Because there have been no comparable recent global pandemics that resulted in similar global impact, we do not yet know the full extent of the COVID-19 pandemic’s effects on our business and operations or the global economy as a whole. Future COVID-19 developments are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the scope and duration of the pandemic, the effectiveness of our work-from-home arrangements, third party providers’ ability to support our operations, and any actions taken by governmental authorities and other third parties in response to the pandemic.

We are continuing to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic and related risks, although the rapid development and fluidity of the situation precludes any specific prediction as to its continuing and ultimate impact on us. However, if the COVID-19 outbreak continues to spread or otherwise results in a continuation or worsening of the current economic and commercial environments, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as well as our regulatory capital and liquidity ratios could be materially adversely affected and many of the risks described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may be heightened.

The spread of COVID-19, or governmental responses to the same, may disrupt banking and other financial activity in the areas in which we operate and could potentially create business continuity issues for us.

The spread of COVID-19 and federal, state, and local governmental responses to the same may result in disruption in the services we provide. We rely on our third-party vendors to conduct business and to process, record, and monitor transactions. If any of these vendors are unable to continue to provide us with needed services or experience interruptions in their ability to provide us with needed services, it could negatively impact our ability to serve our customers. Further, the COVID-19
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pandemic could negatively impact the ability of our employees and customers to engage in banking and other financial transactions in the geographic areas in which we operate and could create widespread issues for us. We also could be adversely affected if key personnel or a significant number of employees were to become unavailable due to infection, quarantine, or other effects of or restrictions relating to COVID-19 outbreaks in our market areas. Although we have business continuity plans and other safeguards in place, there is no assurance that such plans and safeguards will be effective.

As a participating lender in the PPP, the Bank is subject to additional risks of litigation from its customers or other parties regarding the Bank’s processing of loans for the PPP, regulatory risks, and risks that the SBA may not fund some or all PPP loan guaranties.
The Bank is participating as an eligible lender under the PPP. Since the opening of the PPP, several financial institutions have been subject to litigation regarding the processes and procedures used in processing applications for the PPP. The Bank may be exposed to the risk of similar litigation, from both customers and non-customers that approached the Bank regarding PPP loans, regarding its processes and procedures used in processing applications for the PPP. In addition to litigation, the Bank’s participation in the PPP exposes the Bank to the possibility of governmental investigations, enforcement actions and negative publicity. If any such litigation or enforcement action is filed or initiated against the Bank and is not resolved in a manner favorable to the Bank, it may result in significant financial liability or adversely affect our reputation. In addition, litigation and investigations can be costly, regardless of outcome. Any financial liability, litigation and investigation costs or reputational damage caused by PPP-related litigation could have a material adverse impact on Reliant Bancorp’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Bank also has credit risk on PPP loans if a determination is made by the SBA that there is a deficiency in the manner in which the loan was originated, funded, or serviced by the Bank, such as an issue with the eligibility of a borrower to receive a PPP loan, which may or may not be related to ambiguity in the laws, rules and guidance regarding the operation of the PPP. In the event of a loss resulting from a default on a PPP loan and a determination by the SBA that there was a deficiency in the manner in which the PPP loan was originated, funded, or serviced by the Bank, the SBA may deny its liability under the guaranty, reduce the amount of the guaranty, or, if it has already paid under the guaranty, seek recovery of any loss related to the deficiency from the Bank.

General Risks

The value of our goodwill and other intangible assets may decline in the future.

As of December 31, 2020, we had $65.7 million of goodwill and other intangible assets. A significant decline in our financial condition, a significant adverse change in the business or economic climate, slower growth rates, or a significant and sustained decline in the price of our common stock may necessitate taking charges in the future related to the impairment of our goodwill and other intangible assets. If we were to conclude that a future write-down of goodwill and other intangible assets is necessary, we would record the appropriate charge, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Future acquisitions of other financial institutions could result in additional goodwill.

We may be subject to environmental liabilities in connection with foreclosures or repossession of assets securing our loan portfolio.

Hazardous or toxic substances or other environmental hazards may be located on or otherwise affect the properties that secure our loans. If we acquire such properties as a result of foreclosure or otherwise, we could become subject to various environmental liabilities. For example, we could be held liable for the cost of cleaning up or otherwise addressing contamination at or from these properties. We could also be held liable to a governmental entity or third party for property damage, personal injury or other claims relating to any environmental contamination at or from these properties. In addition, we may own and operate certain properties that may be subject to similar environmental liability risks during any given fiscal year. If we were to become subject to significant environmental liabilities, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

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We are exposed to increased credit losses and credit-related expenses in the event of a major natural disaster, public health crisis (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), other catastrophic event or significant climate change effects.
The occurrence of a major natural or environmental disaster, public health crisis or similar catastrophic event, as well as significant climate change effects such as wildfires, especially in densely populated geographic areas, could increase our credit losses and credit-related expenses. A natural disaster, public health crisis or catastrophic event or other significant climate change effect that either damages or destroys residential or multifamily real estate underlying mortgage loans or real estate collateral, or negatively affects the ability of borrowers to continue to make payments on loans, could increase our delinquency rates and average loan loss severity in the affected areas. Such events could also cause downturns in economic and market conditions generally, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. We may not have adequate insurance coverage for some of these natural, catastrophic, public health or climate change-related events.

Legal, Regulatory and Compliance Risks

We are subject to extensive government regulation and supervision.
Reliant Bancorp and its subsidiaries, particularly Reliant Bank, are subject to extensive federal and state regulation and to supervision by, among others, the Federal Reserve, the TDFI, and the SEC. The primary focus of much of this regulation and supervision is the protection of depositors and other customers, the deposit insurance fund and the safety and soundness of the banking system as a whole, and not shareholders. The quantity and scope of applicable federal and state regulations may now or in the future place banks at a competitive disadvantage compared to less regulated competitors such as fintech companies, finance companies, credit unions, mortgage banking companies and leasing companies. Federal and state regulations apply to almost every aspect of our business and affect our lending practices and procedures, capital structure, investment activities, deposit gathering activities, services and products, risk management practices, dividend policy and growth, including growth through acquisitions.

Legislation impacting, and the regulation of, our industry has increased in recent years, and we expect that legislation impacting and supervision and regulation of our industry will continue to expand in scope and complexity. Congress and federal regulatory agencies (and to a lesser extent state lawmakers and regulatory bodies) continually consider new laws, rules, regulations and policies impacting the banking industry, and they also frequently review existing laws, rules, regulations and policies for possible changes. New laws, rules, regulations and policies affecting the banking industry, as well as changes to existing laws, rules, regulations and policies and changes in the interpretation or implementation of applicable laws, rules, regulations and policies, could affect us in material and unpredictable ways and could, among other things, subject us to additional costs, restrict our growth, limit the services and products we may offer or limit the pricing of banking services and products. In addition, establishing systems and processes to achieve compliance with applicable laws, rules, regulations and policies increases our costs and could limit our ability to pursue business opportunities.

Also, if we receive less than satisfactory results on regulatory examinations, we could be subject to damage to our reputation, restrictions on our operations, significant fines and penalties, requirements to increase compliance and risk management activities and related costs and restrictions on acquisitions, new locations, new lines of business, or continued growth.

The future enactment of, or changes in federal or state banking laws, rules, regulations or policies could adversely affect our financial condition, operating results and ability to continue to compete effectively. For example, the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations have subjected us to additional regulatory oversight and reporting obligations, some of which have materially increased costs. Also, over the last several years, state and federal regulators have focused on enhanced risk management practices, compliance with the BSA and anti-money laundering laws, data integrity and security, use of service providers, and fair lending and other consumer protection issues, which has increased our need to build out additional processes and infrastructure.

Legislative and regulatory bodies and agencies charged with adopting, implementing, and interpreting laws, rules, regulations, and policies may do so in an unforeseen manner, including in ways that potentially expand the reach of the laws, rules, regulations, or policies more than initially contemplated or currently anticipated. We cannot predict the substance of, or the impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations of, pending or future legislation or regulation. Additionally, we may be unable to accurately assess, or may be incorrect in our assessment of, the impact, which may be material, of existing
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(including recently-passed or enacted) laws, rules, regulations or policies on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Compliance with current and potential future laws, rules, regulations and policies, and regulatory scrutiny relative to the same, could significantly increase our costs, impede the efficiency of our internal business processes, require us to increase our regulatory capital, limit our ability to pursue business opportunities and, generally, have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Our ability to maintain compliance with both existing and new laws, rules, regulations and policies will be critical to our future success.

We are subject to stringent capital requirements, which may prevent us from paying dividends or repurchasing shares or may adversely impact our operating results.
The Dodd-Frank Act required the federal banking agencies to establish stricter risk-based and leverage capital requirements to apply to banks and bank holding companies. In 2013, the federal banking agencies adopted revised risk-based and leverage capital requirements as well as a revised method for calculating risk-weighted assets. These capital requirements generally apply to all bank holding companies with $3 billion or more in consolidated assets and all banks regardless of size.

These revised capital rules subjected us to higher required capital levels beginning January 1, 2015, with a four-year phase-in period for certain provisions beginning in 2016. As of January 1, 2019, the revised capital requirements were fully phased in. If we are not able to maintain compliance with these requirements, we may have to raise additional capital and may be subject to regulatory actions or restrictions such as the inability to pay dividends or repurchase shares of our stock. Additionally, if we become subject to more stringent capital requirements, this could, again, require us to raise additional capital and could also adversely impact our results of operations, possibly materially.

On October 29, 2019, pursuant to the Regulatory Relief Act, the federal banking agencies adopted a final rule to simplify the regulatory capital requirements for eligible community banks and holding companies that opt-in to the CBLR framework. Under the final rule, which became effective on January 1, 2020, community banks and holding companies (which would include Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank) that satisfy certain qualifying criteria, including having less than $10 billion in average total consolidated assets and a leverage ratio of greater than 9%, are eligible to opt-in to the CBLR framework. Pursuant to the CARES Act, the federal banking agencies in October 2020 adopted a final rule revising the leverage ratio threshold down to 8% effective for the second quarter of 2020 and 8.5% effective January 1, 2021, with the leverage ratio threshold to return to 9% effective January 1, 2022. Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank have not opted-in to, and presently do not intend to opt-in to, the CBLR framework.

Reliant Bank’s FDIC deposit insurance premiums and assessments may increase.

Our deposits are insured up to applicable limits by the Depositors Insurance Fund of the FDIC, and we are subject to deposit insurance assessments to maintain deposit insurance. As an FDIC-insured institution, we are required to pay quarterly deposit insurance premium assessments to the FDIC. Although we cannot predict what the insurance assessment rates will be in the future, either deterioration in our risk-based capital ratios or adjustments to the base assessment rates could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Regulations


Laws and regulations relating to privacy, information security and data protection could increase our costs, affect or limit how we collect and use personal information and adversely affect our business opportunities.


We are subject to various privacy, information security and data protection laws, including requirements concerningrelating to security breach notification, and we could be negatively impacted by them. For example, in the United States, certain of our businesseswe are subject to the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA”) and related implementing regulations and guidance. Among other things, the GLBA: (i) imposes certain limitations on the ability of financial institutions to share consumers’ nonpublic personal information with nonaffiliated third parties, (ii) requires that financial institutions provide certain disclosures to consumers about their information collection, sharing and security practices and affords customersconsumers the right to “opt out” of thean institution’s disclosure of their personal financial information to nonaffiliated third parties (with certain exceptions) and (iii) requires financial institutions to develop, implement and maintain a written comprehensive information security program containing safeguards that are appropriate to the financial institution’s size and
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complexity, the nature and scope of the financial institution’s activities, and the sensitivity of customer information processed by the financial institution, as well as plans for responding to data security breaches.


Moreover, various United States federal banking regulatory agencies, states and foreign jurisdictions have enacted data security breach notification requirements with varying levels of required individual, consumer, regulatory and/or law enforcement notification in certain circumstances in the event of a security breach. Many of these requirements not only apply to us but also apply broadly to our partners that accept payments from our payment.customers. In manysome countries that have yet to impose data security breach notification requirements, regulators have increasingly used the threat of significant sanctions and penalties by data protection authorities to encourage voluntary notification and discourage data security breaches.


Furthermore, legislators and/orlawmakers and regulators in the United States are increasingly adopting or revising privacy, information security and data protection laws that potentially could have a significant impact on our current and planned privacy, data protection and information security-related practices, our collection, use, sharing, retention and safeguarding of consumer and/or employee information, and some of our current or planned business activities. This could also increase our costs of compliance and business operations and could reduce income from certain business initiatives. This includes increased privacy-related enforcement activity at the federal level by the Federal Trade Commission, as well as at the state level, such as with regard to mobile applications.


Compliance with current or future privacy, data protection and information security laws (including those regarding security breach notification) affecting customer and/or employee data to which we are subject could result in higher compliance and technology costs and could restrict our ability to provide certain products and services, which could materially and adversely affect our profitability. Our failure to comply with privacy, data protection and information security laws could result in potentially significant regulatory and/or governmental investigations and/or actions, litigation, fines, sanctions and damage to our reputation and our brand.


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Anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing laws could have significant adverse consequences for us.


We maintain an enterprise-wide program designed to enable us to comply with applicable anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing laws and regulations, including the Bank Secrecy ActBSA and the USA PATRIOT Act. This program includes policies, procedures, processes and other internal controls designed to identify, monitor, manage and mitigate the risk of money laundering or terrorist financing posed by our products, services, customers and geographic locale. These controls include procedures and processes to detect and report suspicious transactions, perform customer due diligence, respond to requests from law enforcement, and meet all recordkeeping and reporting requirements related to particular transactions involving currency or monetary instruments. We cannot be sure our programspolicies, procedures, processes and controls will be effective to ensure our compliance with all applicable anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing laws and regulations, and our failure to comply could subject us to significant sanctions, fines, penalties and reputational harm, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

The new “ability-to-repay”


Our financial condition and “qualified mortgage” rules could have a negative impact on our loan origination process and foreclosure proceedings.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, created by the Dodd-Frank Act, has adopted rules that are likely to impact our residential mortgage lending practices, and the residential mortgage market generally including rules that implement the “ability-to-repay” requirement and provide protection from liability for “qualified mortgages,” as required by the Dodd-Frank Act. The ability-to-repay rule, which took effect on January 10, 2014, requires lenders to consider, among other things, income, employment status, assets, payment amounts, and credit history before approving a mortgage, and provides a compliance “safe harbor” for lenders that issue certain “qualified mortgages.” The rules define a “qualified mortgage” to have certain specified characteristics, and generally prohibit loans with negative amortization, interest-only payments, balloon payments, or terms exceeding 30 years from being qualified mortgages. The rule also establishes general underwriting criteria for qualified mortgages, including that monthly payments be calculated based on the highest payment that will apply in the first five years of the loan and that the borrower have a total debt-to-income ratio that is less than or equal to 43 percent. While “qualified mortgages” will generally be afforded safe harbor status, a rebuttable presumption of compliance will attach to mortgages that also meet the definition of a “higher priced mortgage” (which are generally subprime loans). Although the new “qualified mortgage” rules may provide better definition and more certainty regarding regulatory requirements, the rules may also increase our compliance burden and reduce our lending flexibility and discretion, which could negatively impact our ability to originate new loans and the cost of originating new loans. Any loans that we make outside of the “qualified mortgage” criteria could expose us to an increased risk of liability and reduce or delay our ability to foreclose on the underlying property. Additionally, qualified “higher priced mortgages” only provide a rebuttable presumption of compliance and thus may be more susceptible to challenges from borrowers. It is difficult to predict how the CFPB’s “qualified mortgage” rules will impact us, but any decreases in loan origination volume or increases in compliance and foreclosure costs could negatively affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

Reliant Bancorp’s historical operating results may not be indicative of its future operating results.

Reliant Bancorp may not be able to sustain its historical rate of growth, and, consequently, Reliant Bancorp’s historical results of operations will not necessarily be indicative of its future operations due to the merger with Reliant Bank. Various factors, such as economic conditions, regulatory and legislative considerations, and competition, may also impede Reliant Bancorp’s ability to expand its market presence. If Reliant Bancorp experiences a significant decrease in its historical rate of growth, Reliant Bancorp’s results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected because a high percentage of its operating costs are fixed expenses.

Reliant Bancorp may be adversely affected by changes in accounting standards and interpretations.


The FASB and other bodies that establish accounting standards periodically change the soundnessfinancial accounting and reporting standards governing the preparation of otherour financial institutions.

Financial servicesstatements. Additionally, bodies that establish and interpret accounting and reporting standards (such as the FASB, the SEC and banking regulators) may change prior interpretations or positions regarding how these standards should be applied. Changes in these standards or interpretations thereof may result in material and possibly adverse impacts to our financial results and may require us to change how we process, analyze or report financial information or to change our financial reporting controls.


Of particular note, in June 2016, the FASB issued CECL. The FASB subsequently issued an update, and CECL is currently scheduled to become effective for us in January 2023. This standard amends prior guidance regarding the accounting for credit losses for certain assets, including loans held for investment and held to maturity debt securities. CECL requires financial institutions are interrelated as ato determine periodic estimates of lifetime expected credit losses on loans and recognize the expected credit losses through provision for loan losses. This will change the current method of provisioning for incurred loan and lease losses, which may require Reliant Bank to increase its ALL, and is likely to increase the types of data Reliant Bank would need to collect and
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review to determine the appropriate level of its ALL. In addition, this change may result of trading, clearing, counterparty, or other relationships. We have exposure to many different industries and counterparties, and routinely executes transactions with counterpartiesin more volatility in the financial services industry, including commercial banks, brokers and dealers, investment banks, and other institutional clients. Manylevel of these transactions expose our bankReliant Bank's ALL. An increase, to credit riskthe extent material, in Reliant Bank's ALL or expenses incurred to determine the event of a default by a counterparty or client. In addition, our credit risk may be exacerbated when the collateral held by the bank cannot be realized upon or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amountappropriate level of the credit or derivative exposure. Any such lossesALL could have a material adverse effect on our capital levels, financial condition, and results of operations.


23We are subject to risks related to legal proceedings.

Table
We are from time to time involved in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of Contents

Reliant Bancorp’s abilityour business. The outcome of these or other legal proceedings in which we may be involved cannot be guaranteed. As a result of legal proceedings in which we may be involved, we may incur or be required to pay cash dividends is limited,monetary damages, fines, penalties, settlement costs, costs of litigation, and Reliant Bancorpother charges, some of which could be significant, and we may also be required to take or refrain from taking certain actions. Further, we may suffer reputational harm as the result of our involvement in certain legal proceedings. While we insure against the risk of legal proceedings, our insurance may not cover all claims that may be unable to pay future dividends even if it desires to do so.

The Federal Reserve has issuedasserted against us. Accordingly, these legal proceedings could have a policy statement regarding the payment of dividends by bank holding companies. In general, the Federal Reserve’s policies provide that dividends should be paid only out of current earningsmaterial and only if the prospective rate of earnings retention by the bank holding company appears consistent with the organization’s capital requirements, asset quality and overall financial condition. The Federal Reserve’s policies also require that a bank holding company serve as a source of financial strength to its subsidiary banks by standing ready to use available resources to provide adequate capital funds to those banks during periods of financial stress or adversity and by maintaining the financial flexibility and capital raising capacity to obtain additional resources for assisting its subsidiary banks where necessary. In addition, under the prompt corrective action regulations, the ability of a bank holding company to pay dividends may be restricted if a subsidiary bank becomes undercapitalized. These regulatory policies could affect Reliant Bancorp’s ability to pay dividends or otherwise engage in capital distributions.

Reliant Bancorp’s ability to pay cash dividends may be limited by regulatory restrictions, by Reliant Bank’s ability to pay cash dividends to Reliant Bancorp and by Reliant Bancorp’s need to maintain sufficient capital to support Reliant Bancorp’s operations. A Tennessee chartered bank may, with the approval of the TDFI, transfer funds from its surplus account to the undivided profits (retained earnings) account or any part of its paid-in-capital account. The payment of dividends by any bank is dependent upon its earnings andadverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and in addition to the limitations referred to above, is subject to the statutory powerprospects.


Additionally, supervisory and enforcement actions by our regulators could involve fines, penalties, and other monetary obligations, capital directives, formal or informal agreements with our regulators, significant costs of certain federalcompliance, and state regulatory agencies to act to prevent what they deem unsafe or unsound banking practices. The paymentreputational harm, any of dividendswhich could depending upon thehave a material and adverse effect on our financial condition, results of Reliant Bank, be deemedoperations and prospects.

Risks Related to constitute such an unsafe or unsound practice. Without regulatory approval, a dividend only can be paid to the extent of the net income of the bank for that year plus the net income of the prior two years. The FDIA prohibits a state bank, the deposits of which are insured by the FDIC, from paying dividends if it is in default in the payment of any assessments due the FDIC.

If Reliant Bank is not permitted to pay cash dividends to Reliant Bancorp, it is unlikely that Reliant Bancorp would be able to pay cash dividends on Our Common Stock

Reliant Bancorp’s common stock. Moreover, holders of Reliant Bancorp’s common stock are entitled to receive dividends only when and if declared by Reliant Bancorp’s board of directors. Although Reliant Bancorp has paid cash dividends on its common stock in recent years, Reliant Bancorp is not required to do so, and Reliant Bancorp’s board of directors could reduce or eliminate Reliant Bancorp’s common stock dividend in the future. 

Reliant Bancorp’s stock price may fluctuate, which could result in losses to its investors and litigation against Reliant Bancorp.


Reliant Bancorp’sBancorp’s common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC.Nasdaq. A number of factors could cause Reliant Bancorp’s stock price to fluctuate substantially in the future. These factors include but are not limited to: actual or anticipated variations in earnings, changes in analysts’ recommendations or projections, Reliant Bancorp’s announcement of developments related to its businesses, operations and stock performance of other companies deemed to be peers, new technology used or services offered by traditional and non-traditional competitors, news reports of trends, irrational exuberance on the part of investors, new federal or state banking laws, rules or regulations, and other issuesmatters related to the financial services industry. Reliant Bancorp’s stock price may fluctuate significantly in the future, and these fluctuations may be unrelated to its performance. General market declines or market volatility in the future, especially in the financial institutions sector, as well as natural disasters or public health issues, could adversely affect the price of Reliant Bancorp’s common stock, and the current market price may not be indicative of future market prices. Stock price volatility may make it more difficult for Reliant Bancorp’s shareholders to resell their common stock when desired and at prices they find attractive. Moreover, in the past, securities class action lawsuits have been instituted against some companies following periods of volatility in the market price of itstheir securities. Reliant Bancorp could in the future be the target of similar litigation. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs and divert management’s attention and resources from Reliant Bancorp’s normal business.


24Even though our common stock is currently traded on Nasdaq, it has less liquidity than many other stocks quoted on a national securities exchange.

Table
The trading volume in our common stock on Nasdaq has been relatively low when compared with larger companies listed on Nasdaq or other stock exchanges. Because of Contents

Economic and other circumstancesthis, it may require Reliant Bancorpbe more difficult for shareholders to raise capitalsell a substantial number of shares for the same price at timeswhich shareholders could sell a smaller number of shares.


We cannot predict the effect, if any, that future sales of our common stock in the market, or in amounts that are unfavorable to it. If Reliant Bancorp has to issuethe availability of shares of common stock for sale in the issuancemarket, will dilutehave on the percentage ownership interestmarket price of existing shareholdersour common stock. We can give no assurance that sales of substantial amounts of common stock in the market, or the potential for large amounts of sales in the market, would not cause the price of our common stock to decline or impair our future ability to raise capital through sales of our common stock.

The market price of our common stock has fluctuated, and may dilutefluctuate significantly in the book value per sharefuture. These fluctuations may be unrelated to our performance. General market or industry price declines or overall market volatility in the future could adversely affect the price of our common stock, and the current market price may not be indicative of future market prices.
40


Reliant Bancorp’s ability to pay cash dividends is limited, and Reliant Bancorp may be unable to pay future dividends even if it desires to do so.

Even though our board of directors has approved the payment of cash dividends on Reliant Bancorp’s common stock in recent years, there can be no assurance as to whether or when we may pay dividends on our common stock in the future. Future dividends, if any, will be declared and paid at the discretion of Reliant Bancorp’s board of directors and will depend on a number of factors. Reliant Bancorp’s principal source of funds used to pay cash dividends on its common stock will be dividends that Reliant Bancorp receives from the Bank. The Bank’s asset quality, earnings performance, liquidity, and capital requirements generally will be taken into account before the Bank board of directors declares or pays future dividends to Reliant Bancorp. The Reliant Bancorp board of directors will also consider Reliant Bancorp’s liquidity and capital requirements when considering whether to declare and pay dividends on Reliant Bancorp’s common stock, and, adversely affectto the termsextent there is available cash on which Reliant Bancorp may obtain additional capital.

Reliant Bancorp may need to incur additional debt or equity financing in the future to make strategic acquisitions or investments or to strengthen its capital position. Reliant Bancorp’s ability to raise additional capital, if needed, will depend on, among other things, conditions in the capital markets at that time, which are outside of our control, and Reliant Bancorp’s financial performance. Reliant Bancorp cannot provide assurance that such financing will be available to Reliant Bancorp on acceptable terms or at all, or if Reliant Bancorp does raise additional capital that it will not be dilutive to existing shareholders.

If Reliant Bancorp determines, for any reason, that it needs to raise capital,hand, Reliant Bancorp’s board of directors generally hascould determine to declare and pay dividends without relying on dividend payments from the authority, without action by or voteBank.


Federal and state banking laws and regulations and state corporate laws restrict the amount of dividends we may declare and pay and that the shareholders,Bank may declare and pay to issue all or part of any authorized but unissued shares of stock for any corporate purpose, including issuance of equity based incentivesReliant Bancorp. For example, Federal Reserve regulations implementing the capital rules required under or outside of Reliant Bancorp’s equity compensation plans, subject toBasel III do not permit dividends unless capital levels exceed certain Nasdaq rules. Additionally,higher levels applying capital conservation buffers that became fully phased in beginning January 1, 2019.

In addition, Reliant Bancorp is not restricted from issuing additional common stock ormust make payments on its subordinated debentures (and the related trust preferred stock, includingsecurities) and the Subordinated Notes before any securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, common stock or preferred stock or any substantially similar securities. The market price of Reliant Bancorp’s common stock could decline as a result of sales by Reliant Bancorp of a large number of shares of common stock or preferred stock or similar securities in the market or from the perception that such sales could occur. If Reliant Bancorp issues preferred stock that has a preference over the common stock with respect to the payment of dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, or if Reliant Bancorp issues preferred stock with voting rights that dilute the voting power of the common stock, the rights of holders of the common stock or the market price of Reliant Bancorp’s common stock couldcan be adversely affected. Any issuance of additional shares of stock will dilute the percentage ownership interest of Reliant Bancorp’s shareholders and may dilute the book value per share ofpaid on its common stock. Shares Reliant Bancorp issues in connection with any such offering will increase the total number of shares and may dilute the economic and voting ownership interest of Reliant Bancorp’s existing shareholders.

A failure in or breach of Reliant Bancorp’s operational or security systems or infrastructure, or those of Reliant Bancorp’s third party vendors and other service providers or other third parties, including as a result of cyberattacks, could disrupt Reliant Bancorp’s businesses, result in the disclosure or misuse of confidential or proprietary information, damage its reputation, increase its costs, and cause losses.

Reliant Bancorp relies heavily on communications and information systems to conduct its business. Information security risks for financial institutions such as Reliant Bancorp have generally increased in recent years in part because of the proliferation of new technologies, the use of the internet and telecommunications technologies to conduct financial transactions, and the increased sophistication and activities of organized crime (both domestic and international), hackers, terrorists, activists, and other external parties. As customer, public, and regulatory expectations regarding operational and information security have increased, Reliant Bancorp’s operating systems and infrastructure must continue to be safeguarded and monitored for potential failures, disruptions, and breakdowns. Reliant Bancorp’s business, financial, accounting, and data processing systems, or other operating systems and facilities, may stop operating properly or become disabled or damaged as a result of a number of factors, including events that are wholly or partially beyond Reliant Bancorp’s control. For example, there could be electrical or telecommunication outages; natural disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes, and floods; disease pandemics; events arising from local or larger scale political or social matters, including terrorist acts; and as described below, cyberattacks.

As noted above, Reliant Bancorp’s business relies on its digital technologies, computer and e-mail systems, software and networks to conduct its operations. Although Reliant Bancorp has information security procedures and controls in place, Reliant Bancorp’s technologies, systems and networks and its customers’ devices may become the target of cyberattacks or information security breaches that could result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss, or destruction of Reliant Bancorp’s or its customers’ or other third parties’ confidential information. Third parties with whom Reliant Bancorp does business or that facilitate Reliant Bancorp’s business activities, including financial intermediaries, or vendors that provide service or security solutions for Reliant Bancorp’s operations, and other unaffiliated third parties, could also be sources of operational and information security risk to Reliant Bancorp, including from breakdowns or failures of their own systems or capacity constraints.

25

While Reliant Bancorp has business continuity and other policies and procedures designed to prevent or limit the effect of the failure, interruption or security breach of its information systems, there can be no assurance that any such failures, interruptions or security breaches will not occur or, if they do occur, that they will be adequately addressed. Reliant Bancorp’s risk and exposure to these matters remain heightened because of the evolving nature of these threats. As a result, cyber security and the continued development and enhancement of Reliant Bancorp’s controls, processes, and practices designed to protect its systems, computers, software, data, and networks from attack, damage or unauthorized access remain a focus for Reliant Bancorp. As threats continue to evolve, Reliant Bancorp may be requiredalso from time to expend additional resourcestime enter into other contractual arrangements, including borrowing relationships with other financial institutions, that could limit the ability of Reliant Bancorp to continue to modify or enhancepay dividends on its protective measures or to investigate and remediate information security vulnerabilities. Disruptions or failurescommon stock in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support Reliant Bancorp’s businesses and clients, or cyberattacks or security breaches of the networks, systems or devices that Reliant Bancorp’s clients use to access Reliant Bancorp’s products and services could result in client attrition, regulatory fines, penalties or intervention, reputation damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs, any of which could have a material effect on Reliant Bancorp’s results of operations or financial condition.

Negative public opinion surrounding Reliant Bancorp and the financial institutions industry generally could damage Reliant Bancorp’s reputation and adversely impact its earnings.

Reputation risk, or the risk to Reliant Bancorp’s business, earnings and capital from negative public opinion surrounding Reliant Bancorp and the financial institutions industry generally, is inherent in Reliant Bancorp’s business. Negative public opinion can result from Reliant Bancorp’s actual or alleged conduct in any number of activities, including lending practices, corporate governance and acquisitions, and from actions taken by government regulators and community organizations in response to those activities. Negative public opinion can adversely affect Reliant Bancorp’s ability to keep and attract clients and employees and can expose it to litigation and regulatory action. Although Reliant Bancorp takes steps to minimize reputation risk in dealing with its clients and communities, this risk will always be present given the nature of Reliant Bancorp’s business.

future.


We may issue additional common stock or other equity securities in the future which could dilute the ownership interest of our existing shareholders.

In order to maintain our or Reliant Bank’s capital at desired or regulatory-required levels, we may issue additional shares of our common stock, or securities convertible into, exchangeable for or representing rights to acquire shares of common stock. We may sell these shares at prices below the current market price for shares of shares,Reliant Bancorp common stock, and the sale of these shares may significantly dilute existing shareholder ownership. We could also issue additional shares of our common stock in connection with acquisitions of other financial institutions (as we did in connection with our acquisition of Community First)First, TCB Holdings, and FABK), which could also dilute existing shareholder ownership.


The rights of our common shareholders would likely be subordinate to the rights of the holders of any preferred stock that we may issue in the future.

Our charter authorizes our board of directors to issue an aggregate of up to ten million shares of preferred stock without any further action on the part of our shareholders. Our board of directors also has the power, without shareholder approval, to set the terms of any series of preferred stock that may be issued, including voting rights, dividend rights, and preferences over our common stock with respect to dividends or in the event of a dissolution, liquidation or winding up and other terms. Accordingly, you should assume that any shares of preferred stock that we may issue in the future will also be senior to our common stock. In the event that we issue preferred stock in the future that has preference over our common stock with respect to payment of dividends or upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, or if we issue preferred stock with voting rights that dilute the voting power of our common stock, the rights of the holders of our common stock or the market price of our common stock could be adversely affected.

Holders of our subordinated debenturesdebt obligations have rights that are senior to those of our shareholders.


In connection with the Community First merger,acquisition, Reliant Bancorp assumed trust preferred securities and accompanying junior subordinated debentures totaling $23.0 million, of which $10.0 million was owned by a wholly-owned subsidiary of Community First prior to the merger and assumedacquisition which is now wholly-owned by Reliant Bancorp. On December 13, 2019, Reliant Bancorp issued and sold the Subordinated Notes. Payments of the principal and interest on the trust preferred securities are
41

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conditionally guaranteed by Reliant Bancorp, and the accompanying subordinated debentures and the Subordinated Notes are senior to shares of Reliant Bancorp’s common stock. As a result, Reliant Bancorp must make payments on the subordinated debentures (and the related trust preferred securities) and the Subordinated Notes before any dividends can be paid on its common stock and, in the event of Reliant Bancorp’s bankruptcy, dissolution or liquidation, the holders of the subordinated debentures and the Subordinated Notes must be satisfied before any distributions can be made on Reliant Bancorp’s common stock.


26

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Reliant Bancorp may from time to time issue additional subordinated indebtednessdebt securities that would have to be repaid before Reliant Bancorp’s common stock shareholders would be entitled to receive any of the assets of Reliant Bancorp or Reliantthe Bank.

If


If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish unfavorable research about our business,company, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

As a smaller company, it may be difficult for us to attract or retain the interest of equity research analysts.

A lack of research coverage may adversely affect the liquidity of and market price of our common stock. We will not have any control over the equity research analysts or the content and opinions included in their reports. The price of our stock could decline if one or more equity research analysts downgrade our stock or issue other unfavorable commentary or research. If one or more equity research analysts ceasescease coverage of our company, or failsfail to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our stock could decrease, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.


Shares of Reliant Bancorp common stock are not FDIC insured.

Shares of Reliant Bancorp

An investment in our common stock areis not deposits with a bank deposit and, aretherefore, is not insured against loss or guaranteed by the FDIC.

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

FDIC, any other deposit insurance fund or by any other public or private entity. An investment in our common stock is inherently risky for the reasons described herein. As a result, if you acquire our common stock, you could lose some or all of your investment.


ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES


ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

As of December 31, 2017,2020, the mainprincipal executive office of both Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank was located at 1736 Carothers Parkway, Suite 100, Brentwood, Tennessee.Tennessee 37027, and Reliant Bancorp also has a corporate office located at 6100 Tower Circle, Suite 120, Franklin, Tennessee 37067. In addition, as of December 31, 2017,2020, we operated (i) eight27 full-service branch offices located in theMiddle Tennessee, counties of Davidson, Robertson, Sumner, and Williamson, (ii) 7 mortgage production offices in Hendersonville, Tennessee and Timonium, MarylandArkansas, and (iii) 1 loan and deposit production officesoffice in Murfreesboro and Chattanooga,Knoxville, Tennessee.

All of these properties are leased by Reliant Bank except for three branches in Sumner and Robertson counties.

Although the properties owned are generally considered adequate, we have a continuing program of modernization, expansion and, when necessary, occasional replacement of facilities.

Following the Community First merger effective January 1, 2018, Reliant Bank added seven branches in Columbia, Mount Pleasant, Centerville, Lyles,


The following table summarizes pertinent details of our retail bank branch locations and Thompson Station, Tennessee.

mortgage origination offices as of March 9, 2021.

ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Property DescriptionOwned/LeasedExpiration DateType of Office
101 Creekstone Blvd, Franklin, TNLeased4/1/2026Retail Bank Branch
101 Creekstone Blvd, Ste 100, Franklin, TNLeased4/1/2026Operations Center
101 Creekstone Blvd, Ste 200, Franklin, TNLeased1/31/2022Operations Center
101 W Kingston Springs Rd, Ste A, Kingston Springs, TNLeased11/30/2021Retail Bank Branch
1024 Dr Martin L. King Jr. Blvd, Nashville, TNLeased4/30/2029Retail Bank Branch
105 Public Sq, Mt Pleasant, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
1204 Nashville Pike, Gallatin, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch

As

42

Table of the endContents
Property DescriptionOwned/LeasedExpiration DateType of Office
1206 Hwy 48 Ste D, Clarksville, TNLeased2/29/2024Retail Bank Branch
1398 Desoto Blvd, Ste C, Hot Springs Village, ARLeased7/31/2021Mortgage Operations
1412 Trotwood Ave, Columbia, TNLeased12/31/2022Retail Bank Branch
1430 Madison Street Clarksville, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
170 C Market Pl Blvd, Knoxville, TNLeased6/30/2025Manufactured Housing
1736 Carothers Pkwy #100 #200, Brentwood, TNLeased2/28/2025Principal Executive Office and Retail Bank Branch
1800 Ft. Campbell Blvd., Clarksville, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
1835 E Northfield Blvd, Murfreesboro, TNLeased9/30/2027Retail Bank Branch
1929 Madison Street, Clarksville, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
2070 Wilma Rudolph Blvd., Clarksville, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
2566 Highway 49 East, Pleasant View, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
308 Main St, Crossett, ARLeased10/1/2022Mortgage Operations
314 N Public Sq, Centerville, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
406 11th Ave N Ste 200, Nashville, TNLeased3/31/2029Corporate Office
4108 Hillsboro Pike, Nashville, TNLeased11/30/2021Retail Bank Branch
425 East Main Street, Gallatin, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
4809 Columbia Pike, Thompsons Station, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
501 S James M Campbell Blvd, Columbia, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
5109 Peter Taylor Park Dr, Brentwood, TNLeased7/31/2021Retail Bank Branch
5200 Highway 100, Lyles, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
575 South Main Street, Ashland City, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
6005 Nolensville Rd, Nashville, TNLeased3/31/2028Retail Bank Branch
601 N Garden St, Columbia, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
6100 Tower Cir, Ste 120, Franklin, TNLeased12/31/2027Corporate Office
633 Chestnut St, Ste 100, Chattanooga, TNLeased10/31/2028Retail Bank Branch
633 Chestnut St, Ste 630, Chattanooga, TNLeased10/31/2023Mortgage Operations
701 S. Main Street, Springfield, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
704 Highway 70, Pegram, TNOwnedN/ARetail Bank Branch
711 E Main St, Ste 105, Hendersonville, TNLeased9/30/2021Mortgage Operations
761 Old Hickory Blvd, Brentwood, TNLeased12/31/2021Mortgage Operations
9041 Executive Park Drive, Suite 104, Knoxville, TNLeased6/30/2021Mortgage Operations
9101 N Rodney Parham Rd, Little Rock, ARLeased2/28/2021Mortgage Operations

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Table of 2017, neither Contents
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Reliant Bancorp nor Reliant Bank was involved in any litigation that is expectedor one or more of its subsidiaries are from time to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations. The Bank is periodically involved as a plaintiff or defendant in varioustime parties to ordinary routine legal actionsproceedings in the ordinary course of its business. Management believes that any claimsAs with all legal proceedings, no assurance can be provided as to the outcome of these matters. As of the date hereof, to the knowledge of our management, there are currently no material pending againstlegal proceedings to which Reliant Bancorp or any of its subsidiaries are without meritis a party or thatof which any of the ultimate liability, ifproperty of Reliant Bancorp or any resulting from them will not materially affect Reliant Bank’s financial condition or of its subsidiaries is the subject.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Reliant Bancorp’s consolidated financial position.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

27

PART II

ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Reliant Bancorp’s common stock is traded on theThe Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “RBNC.” As of March 5, 2018,9, 2021, there were 1,0891,743 holders of record of Reliant Bancorp common stock. This number does not include shareholders with shares in nominee name held by the Depository Trust Company or its nominee.

Dividends

The following table sets forth dividends declared and/or paid to shareholders of


Reliant Bancorp duringhas paid a quarterly cash dividend on its common stock since the previous two fiscal years.

Date Paid

 

Total Value Issued

  

Per Share Value

 

01/22/2016

 $1,488,715.60  $0.20 

01/20/2017

 $1,711,227.98  $0.22 
07/21/2017 $940,910.00  $0.12 
10/20/2017 $541,584.60  $0.06 
01/20/2018 $687,605.82  $0.06 

Paymentsecond quarter of 2017. We currently expect that comparable cash dividends by Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank are subjectwill continue to certain regulations that may limit or preventbe paid in the payment of dividends, and is further subject to the discretion of the board of directors of Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank.

Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank anticipate that earnings, if any, may be held for purposes of enhancing capital. Nofuture. However, no assurances can be given that any dividends will be declared or paid on Reliant Bancorp’s common stock will be declared in the future, or, if declared whatand paid, the amount or frequency of suchthose dividends. The ability of Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank to pay dividends will be or whether suchis restricted by certain laws and regulations, and the payment of dividends will continueby Reliant Bancorp and Reliant Bank is within the discretion of their respective boards of directors.


Securities Authorized for future periods.

Market Price for Reliant Bancorp’s Stock

The following table showsIssuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

See Part III, Item 12, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters” for the indicated periods the high and low sales prices for Reliant Bancorp’s common stock. Previously, the Company’s stock traded under the symbol “CUBN,” and effective January 2, 2018, our common stock began trading under the symbol “RBNC.” The following prices may include retail markups, markdowns, or commissions.

RBNC (1)

 

High

  

Low

 

2016

        

First Quarter

 $16.74  $13.50 

Second Quarter

  16.50   14.93 

Third Quarter

  22.99   15.20 

Fourth Quarter

  21.51   19.00 

2017

        

First Quarter

  22.24   21.08 

Second Quarter

  26.04   21.47 

Third Quarter

  25.74   22.55 

Fourth Quarter

  25.77   22.12 

(1)

Prior to January 2, 2018, the Company’s stock traded under the symbol “CUBN.”

28

Stock Performance Graph

The following chart, which is furnished not filed, compares the yearly percentage changes in the cumulative shareholder return on our common stock during the five fiscal years ended December 31, 2017,2020, with (i) the Russell 2000 index,Index and (ii) the SNL Southeast U.S. Bank Index. This comparison assumes $100 was invested on the last trading day of 2012,2015, in our common stock and the comparison indices, and assumes the reinvestment of all cash dividends prior to any tax effect and retention of all stock dividends. Price information from December 31, 20152016 to December 31, 2017,2020, was obtained by using the Nasdaq closing prices as of the last trading day of each year. From August 29, 2012 to July 7, 2015, our stock was traded on the over-the-counter market, and closing prices for 2013 and 2014 have been obtained by using the closing prices reported on the last trading day through the over-the-counter system.

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rbnc-20201231_g1.jpg

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

There were no sales of unregistered securities for the period ended December 31, 2017.

Issuer Purchases of Securities

There were no repurchases of the Company’s common stock for the period ended December 31, 2017.

2020.
Issuer Purchases of Securities
The following table contains information regarding shares of our common stock repurchased by Reliant Bancorp during the three months ended December 31, 2020.
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)
Average Price Paid Per Share
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (2)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2) (in thousands)
October 1, 2020 to October 31, 20201,102$15.74$15,000
November 1, 2020 to November 30, 2020$—$15,000
December 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020$—$15,000
Total1,102$15.74$15,000
(1)During the quarter ended December 31, 2020, 4,500 shares of restricted stock previously awarded to certain of the participants in our stock plans vested. We withheld 1,102 shares to satisfy tax withholding requirements associated with the vesting of these shares of restricted stock.

(2)On March 10, 2020, Reliant Bancorp's board of directors authorized a stock repurchase plan allowing Reliant Bancorp to repurchase up to $15 million of outstanding Reliant Bancorp common stock (the "Repurchase Plan"). As of December 31, 2020, Reliant Bancorp had not repurchased any shares of Reliant Bancorp common stock under the Repurchase Plan. The Repurchase Plan does not obligate Reliant Bancorp to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares. On April 27, 2020, we announced that our board of directors suspended the Repurchase Plan to preserve our financial strength during this challenging economic environment. On December 31, 2020, the Repurchase Plan expired.
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Not applicable.

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ITEM 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016, 2015 AND 2014

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

The following selected historical consolidated financial data, as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, 2015 and 2014, is derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. The financial data presented for the Company prior to the Merger in 2015 is derived from the historical financial statements of Reliant Bank.

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

  

2014

 

SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS:

                

Total interest income

 $40,158  $36,015  $29,888  $17,215 

Total interest expense

  5,671   3,363   2,718   1,629 

Net interest income

  34,487   32,652   27,170   15,586 

Provision for loan losses

  1,316   968   (270)  (1,500)

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

  33,171   31,684   27,440   17,086 

Noninterest income

  6,010   8,800   12,382   4,608 

Noninterest expense

  31,076   30,374   31,569   17,166 

Income before income taxes

  8,105   10,110   8,253   4,528 

Income tax expense

  1,942   2,213   2,271   1,816 

Consolidated net income

  6,163   7,897   5,982   2,712 

Noncontrolling interest in net (income) loss of subsidiary

  1,083   1,039   (407)  1,184 

Net income attributable to common shareholders

  7,246   8,936   5,575   3,896 
                 
                 

PER COMMON SHARE DATA:

                

Net income attributable to common shareholders, per share

                

Basic

 $0.89  $1.18  $0.88  $0.98 

Diluted

 $0.88  $1.16  $0.86  $0.96 

Book value per common share

 $15.51  $13.75  $13.29  $11.13 

Tangible book value per common share

 $14.11  $12.08  $11.46  $10.84 

Dividends per common share

 $0.24  $0.22  $0.20  $0.20 

Preferred shares outstanding

  -   -   -   - 

Basic weighted average common shares

  8,151,492   7,586,993   6,329,316   3,993,206 

Diluted weighted average common shares

  8,239,301   7,691,493   6,478,952   4,053,804 

Common shares outstanding at period end

  9,034,439   7,778,309   7,279,620   3,910,191 
                 

BALANCE SHEET DATA:

                

Total assets

 $1,125,034  $911,984  $876,404  $449,731 

Mortgage loans held for sale, net

  45,322   11,831   55,093   26,640 

Total loans, net

  762,488   657,701   608,747   309,497 

Allowance for loan losses

  9,731   9,082   7,823   7,353 

Total securities

  220,201   146,813   133,825   77,245 

Other real estate, net

  -   -   1,149   1,204 

Goodwill and core deposit intagible

  12,684   12,986   13,342   1,110 

Total deposits

  883,519   763,834   640,008   334,365 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

  96,747   32,287   135,759   63,500 

Dividends payable

  542   1,711   1,489   - 

Stockholders' equity

  140,137   106,919   96,751   43,516 

Average total assets

  995,436   885,074   733,651   417,050 

Average gross loans, excluding loans held for sale

  714,982   640,592   517,148   293,195 

Average interest earning assets

  939,947   835,337   694,135   401,487 

Average deposits

  823,088   664,844   543,341   323,466 

Average interest bearing deposits

  688,680   537,225   459,610   278,363 

Average interest bearing liabilities

  739,410   648,515   565,234   329,565 

Average total shareholders' equity

  117,780   104,216   80,122   41,525 

30

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016, 2015 AND 2014

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

  

2014

 

SELECTED FINANCIAL RATIOS:

                

Return on average assets

  0.73%  1.01%  0.76%  0.93%

Return on average equity

  6.15%  8.57%  6.96%  9.38%

Average equity to average total assets

  11.83%  11.77%  10.92%  9.96%

Dividend payouts

  26.97%  18.64%  22.73%  20.41%

Efficiency ratio(1)

  76.74%  73.28%  79.82%  85.01%

Net interest margin(2)

  3.97%  4.15%  4.00%  3.96%

Net interest spread(3)

  3.81%  4.04%  3.91%  3.88%
                 

CAPITAL RATIOS(5)

                

Tier 1 leverage

  11.89%  10.86%  9.92%  9.71%

Common equity tier 1

  13.90%  13.00%  12.02%  12.19%

Tier 1 risk-based capital

  13.90%  13.00%  12.02%  12.19%

Total risk-based capital

  14.97%  14.22%  13.13%  13.45%
                 

ASSET QUALITY RATIOS:

                

Net charge-offs to average loans

  0.09%  -0.05%  -0.14%  -0.11%

Allowance to period end loans(4)

  1.26%  1.36%  1.27%  2.32%

Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans

  132.74%  105.76%  116.59%  83.40%

Non-performing assets to total assets

  0.65%  0.94%  0.90%  2.23%
                 

OTHER DATA:

                

Banking locations

  8   7   9   4 

Loan production offices

  2   3   8   7 

Full-time equivalent employees

  167   143   226   138 

(1) Efficiency ratio is non-interest expense divided by the sum of net interest income plus non-interestincome.

(2) Net interest margin is net interest income divided by total average earning assets.

(3) Net interest spread is the difference between the average yield on interest earning assets and the average yield on interest bearing liabilities.

(4) Period end loans exclude deferred fees and costs.

(5) Capital ratios calculated on consolidated financial statements for the Company.

31

ITEM7. 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Executive Summary

The

In the following is a summary ofsections the Company’s financial highlights and significant events duringterms “Reliant Bancorp,” the year ended December 31, 2017:

Effective December 31, 2017, Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc., changed its name“Company,” “us,” “we,” “our,” or similar terms refer to Reliant Bancorp Inc.

Net income available, and its subsidiaries, including Reliant Bank, which we sometimes refer to common shareholders totaled $7.2 million,as “Reliant” or $0.88 per diluted common share, during the year ending December 31, 2017 compared to $8.9 million, or $1.16 per diluted common share, during same period in 2016.

Return on average assets was 0.73 percent for year ended December 31, 2017, compared to 1.01 percent for the same period in 2016.

Gross loan growth of $105.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Asset quality remains strong with nonperforming assets to total assets of just 0.65 percent.

Issued 1,137,000 shares of common stock in a private offering raising $23.2 million net of expenses.

Filed a Form S-3 for a $75,000,000 shelf registration to offer, issue, and sell from time to time one or more offerings any combination of (i) common stock, (ii) preferred stock, (iii) debt securities, (iv) depositary shares, (v) warrants, and (vi) units.

Prepared for January 1, 2018 acquisition of Community First, Inc., after which the Company will have assets in excess of $1.6 billion.

In the following section the terms “Company” means “Reliant Bancorp, Inc.“Bank. and “Bank” means “Reliant Bank” The following discussion and analysis identifies significant factors that have affected our financial position and operating results during the periods included in the accompanying financial statements. We encourage you to read this discussion and analysis in conjunction with Item 8 “FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA”“Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” as well as other information included in this Form 10-K.Annual Report. Amounts in the narrative are shown in thousands, except for economic and demographic information, numbers of shares, per share amounts and as otherwise noted.


Executive Overview
The following is a summary of the Company’s financial highlights and significant events for the year December 31, 2020:

Net income attributable to common shareholders totaled $31.4 million, or $2.02 per diluted common share, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to $16.2 million, or $1.44 per diluted common share, during the same period in 2019.
Successfully closed the TCB Holdings and FABK transactions as well as conversions with Community Bank & Trust and First Advantage Bank.
Total assets surpassed $3.0 billion.
Loans increased $882.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, $180.3 million of which was from organic growth.
Deposits increased $994.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, $223.7 million of which was from organic growth.
Net interest margin increased to 4.35% for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to 3.54% in 2019.


Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact
During the current fiscal year, the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on our customers, associates, and communities, which collectively impacts our shareholders. Below is a summary of those impacts and our responses related to COVID-19.

As part of our pandemic response, we have encouraged a significant portion of our employees to work from home. We have also extended virtual medical coverage to all employees as well as provided pay to employees who may have been exposed. We are encouraging virtual meetings and conference calls in place of in-person meetings. We are promoting social distancing, frequent hand washing, thorough disinfection of all surfaces, and the use of masks or nose and mouth coverings have been mandated in all of our locations. We have welcomed customers for lobby visits by appointment. Banking center drive-ups, ATMs and online/mobile banking services continue to operate. Infection rates in the communities we serve vary by region and we will make prudent decisions for the safety of our colleagues and our clients.

The Company had applied CARES Act modification guidance to approve initial payment deferral modifications in April and May 2020 for loans with aggregate principal balances of $530.7 million. The majority of these modifications involved extensions of up to three months of either interest-only periods or full payment deferrals. Through September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2020 further modifications were approved for $24.0 million and $23.0 million of the loans previously modified. See "Note 3 - Loans and Allowance for Loan Loss" in the notes to the financial statements for further information.

The Company is participating in the Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") under the CARES Act, which is being administered by the SBA. As of December 31, 2020 the Bank had 843 PPP loans outstanding totaling $65.5 million with $17.8 million in PPP loans forgiven and repaid during the year. Participation in the PPP will likely have an impact on the Company's asset mix and net interest margin in 2021.

At December 31, 2020, our level of nonperforming assets was 0.37% of total assets and was not materially impacted by the economic pressures of COVID-19. We are closely monitoring credit risk and our exposure to increased loan losses resulting from the impact of COVID-19 on our commercial and other clients.

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We are in regular communication with our customers to gain a better understanding of our highest risk exposures and probable defaults. In the year ended December 31, 2020 we recorded a provision expense of $8.4 million, which can be attributed to increased risk factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as our loan growth. Our losses year-to-date remain low but we continue to build reserves as we anticipate future downgrades and defaults may eventually result in losses.

At this time, we do not believe there exists any impairment to our intangible assets, long-lived assets, right-of-use assets, or available-for-sale investment securities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is uncertain whether prolonged effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will result in future impairment charges related to any of the aforementioned assets.

As of December 31, 2020, the Bank's capital ratios were in excess of all regulatory requirements. While we believe that we have sufficient capital to withstand an extended economic recession brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, our reported and regulatory capital ratios could be adversely impacted by future credit losses.

For additional related information, See "Regulation and Supervision" and "Risk Factors".

Critical Accounting Policies

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company are in accordance with accounting principlesthe generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") and conform to general practices within the banking industry. To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America,a U.S. GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and actual results could differ. The allowance for loan lossesALL and fair value of financial instruments are particularly subject to change.

Our accounting policies are integral to understanding the results reported. Accounting policies are described in detail in Note"Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies"of the notes to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. The critical accounting policies require our judgment to ascertain the valuation of assets, liabilities, commitments and contingencies. We have established policies and control procedures that are intended to ensure valuation methods are well controlledwell-controlled and applied consistently from period to period. In addition, the policies and procedures are intended to ensure that the process for changing methodologies occurs in an appropriate manner. The following is a brief summary of the more significant policies.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements as of and for the periods presented include the accounts of Reliant Bancorp, Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiary, Reliant Bank (the “Bank”), and the Bank’s 51% controlled subsidiary, Reliant Mortgage Ventures, LLC, collectively (the “Company”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

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During 2011, the Bank and another entity organized Reliant Mortgage Ventures. Under the related operating agreement, the non-controlling member receives 70% of the profits of the mortgage venture, and the Bank receives 30% of the profits once the non-controlling member recovers its aggregate losses. The non-controlling member is responsible for 100% of the mortgage venture’s net losses. As of December 31, 2017, the cumulative losses to date totaled $4,352 prior to intercompany eliminations. Reliant Mortgage Ventures, LLC will have to generate net income of this amount before the Company will participate in future earnings.

Purchased Loans

The Company maintains an allowanceAllowance for loan losses on purchased loans based on credit deterioration subsequent to the acquisition date. In accordance with the accounting guidance for business combinations, because we recorded all acquired loans at fair value as("ALL")

The ALL is an estimate of the date of the reverse merger (discussed below), we did not establish an allowance for loan losses on any of the loans we purchased as of the acquisition date as any credit deterioration evident in the loans was included in the determination of the acquisition date fair values. For purchased credit-impaired loans accounted for under ASC 310-30, management establishes an allowance for loan losses subsequent to the date of acquisition by re-estimating expected cash flows on these loans on a quarterly basis, with any decline in expected cash flows due to a credit triggering impairment recorded as provision for loan losses. The allowance established is the excess of the loan’s carrying value over the present value of projected future cash flows, discounted at the current accounting yield of the loan or the fair value of collateral (less estimated costs to sell) for collateral dependent loans. These cash flow evaluations are inherently subjective as they require material estimates, all of which may be susceptible to significant change. While the determination of specific cash flows involves estimates, each estimate is unique to the individual loan, and none is individually significant. For non-purchased credit-impaired loans acquired in the reverse merger and that are accounted for under ASC 310-20, the historical loss estimates are based on the historical losses experienced by Reliant Bank for loans with similar characteristics as those acquired other than purchased credit-impaired loans. We record an allowance for loan losses only when the calculated amount exceeds the remaining credit mark established at acquisition.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. Loan lossesLosses on loans held for investment are charged against the allowanceALL when management believes the uncollectibility of a loanremaining balance is confirmed.due has become uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.ALL. Management estimates a general component to the allowance balance required usingALL based on historical loan loss experience and qualitative factors, which include 1) the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values,2) current economic conditions (national and local), and other factors such as3) changes in interest rates, 4) portfolio concentrations, 5) changes in the experience, ability, and depth of the lending function, and 6) levels of and trends in charged-off loans, recoveries, past-duepast due loans and volume and severity of classified loans. The allowance consists of

A specific and general components. The specificALL component relates tois calculated for loans that are individually classified as impaired. The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off.

meet the definition of impairment. A loan is considered impaired when full payment undermanagement believes that principal and interest due on that loan will not be collected in accordance with the terms and conditions of the loan terms is not expected. All classified loans and loans on non-accrual status are individually evaluated for impairment. Factors considered in determining ifagreement. Once a loan is deemed to be impaired, includemanagement must calculate the borrower’s abilitypotential loss for the specific loan based on one of three approved methodologies to repay amounts owed, collateral deficiencies,estimate the risk ratingexpected recovery from secondary payment sources, which is then deducted from the book value of the loan and economic conditions affectingasset to calculate the borrower’s industry, among other things. If a loan is impaired, a portionamount of specific reserve required: 1) fair value of collateral, less expected cost to sell, 2) discounted cash flows of the allowance is allocated so that theexpected future loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing ratepayments, or at the fair value (less estimated costs3) Expected sale proceeds if loan was sold to sell) of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. another lender.


Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless the principal amount is deemed fully collectible, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. When recognition of interest income on a cash basis is appropriate, the amount of income recognized is limited to what would have been accrued on the remaining principal balance at the contractual rate. Cash payments received over this limit, and not applied to reduce the loans remaining principal balance, are recorded as recoveries of prior charge-offs until these charge-offs have been fully recovered.


Business combinations and accounting for acquired loans with credit deterioration
Business combinations are accounted for by applying the acquisition method in accordance with ASC 805, “Business Combinations” (“ASC 805”). Under the acquisition method, identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed and any non-
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controlling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date are measured at their fair values as of that date. Any excess of the purchase price over fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. To the extent the fair value of net assets acquired, including any other identifiable intangible assets, exceeds the purchase price, a bargain purchase gain is recognized. Results of operations of acquired entities are included in the Consolidated Statements of Income from the date of acquisition.

We record purchased loans at fair value as of the date of the acquisition; since any credit deterioration evident in the loans was included in the determination of the acquisition date fair values, no ALL is recorded for purchased loans because all loans are recorded at fair value at the merger date. Impaired purchased loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30, in which an ALL subsequent to the date of acquisition is established by re-estimating expected cash flows on these loans, with any decline in expected cash flows due to a credit triggering impairment recorded as purchased credit impairment (PCI). The impairment amount is the excess of the loan’s carrying value over the present value of projected future cash flows, discounted at the current accounting yield of the loan or the fair value of collateral (less estimated costs to sell) for collateral-dependent loans. These cash flow evaluations are inherently subjective as they require material estimates, all of which may be susceptible to significant change. While the determination of specific cash flows involves estimates, each estimate is unique to the individual loan, and none is individually significant. For non-PCI loans acquired in the merger and that are accounted for under ASC 310-20, the historical loss estimates are based on the historical losses experienced by Reliant Bank for loans with similar characteristics as those acquired other than purchased credit-impaired loans. We establish an ALL provision for these loans only when the calculated amount exceeds the remaining credit mark established at acquisition.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions, as more fully disclosed in a separate note to the consolidated financial statements."Note 12 - Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities". Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect the estimates.


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following is a summary of our results of operations:
Year ended December 31,2020-2019 Percent Increase (Decrease)Year ended December 31, 20182019-2018 Percent Increase (Decrease)
20202019
Interest income$130,271 $79,185 64.5 %$69,207 14.4 %
Interest expense22,225 23,380 (4.9)%15,396 51.9 %
Net interest income108,046 55,805 93.6 %53,811 3.7 %
Provision for loan losses8,350 1,211 589.5 %1,035 17.0 %
Net interest income after provision for loan losses99,696 54,594 82.6 %52,776 3.4 %
Noninterest income21,559 11,964 80.2 %9,664 23.8 %
Noninterest expense83,207 53,892 54.4 %50,561 6.6 %
Net income before income taxes38,048 12,666 200.4 %11,879 6.6 %
Income tax expense6,935 2,129 225.7 %1,372 55.2 %
Net income31,113 10,537 195.3 %10,507 0.3 %
Noncontrolling interest in net loss of subsidiary299 5,659 (94.7)%3,578 58.2 %
Net income attributable to common shareholders$31,412 $16,196 93.9 %$14,085 15.0 %
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COMPARISON OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

Merger Between Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.

Year ended December 31,2020-2019 Percent Increase (Decrease)Year ended December 31, 20182019-2018 Percent Increase (Decrease)
20202019
Basic net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, per share$2.03$1.4441.0 %$1.2416.1 %
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, per share$2.02$1.4440.3 %$1.2317.1 %
Return on average assets1.13 %0.90 %25.6 %0.86 %4.7 %
Return on average shareholders' equity10.93 %7.54 %45.0 %6.93 %8.8 %
Dividend payout ratio19.70 %18.75 %5.1 %26.61 %(29.5)%
Equity-to-assets10.32 %11.95 %(13.6)%12.36 %(3.3)%

Our financial performance reflects the success of our growth strategies including both organic market expansion as well as our successful acquisitions of both TCB Holdings and Reliant Bank

On March 10, 2015, Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. approvedFABK in 2020. The following sections provide a merger with Reliant Bank which became effective on April 1, 2015 (“the Merger”). Each outstanding share and option to purchase a sharemore detailed analysis of Reliant Bank common stock converted into the right to receive 1.0213 sharessignificant factors affecting our operating results.


Net Interest Income
The largest component of Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. common stock. After the Merger was completed, Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.’s shareholders owned approximately 44.5% of the common stock of the Company and Reliant Bank’s shareholders owned approximately 55.5% of the common stock of the Company on a fully diluted basis.

The Merger was accounted for as a reverse merger using the acquisition method of accounting, in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 805-10 Business Combinations.

As such, for accounting purposes, Reliant Bank was considered to be acquiring Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. in this transaction. As a result of the merger, the historical financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015, of the Company include the historical financial statements of Reliant Bank for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. for the nine months ended December 31, 2015. The assets and liabilities of Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. as of the effective date of the Merger were recorded at their respective estimated fair values and added to those of Reliant Bank. Any excess of purchase price over the net estimated fair values of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities of Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. were allocated to all identifiable intangibles assets. Any remaining excess was then allocated to goodwill.

In periods following the Merger, the comparative historical financial statements of the Company are those of Reliant Bank prior to the Merger. These consolidated financial statements include the results attributable to the operations of Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. beginning on April 1, 2015.

Merger expenses totaled $82, $849 and $832, for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. These expenses were related to various professional fees for legal, accounting and other consultants. These and other factors that contributed to the Company’s earnings results for the periods indicated are discussed in more detail below.

As of March 31, 2015, Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc., including its wholly-owned subsidiary Commerce Union Bank, had total assets of $305 million, total loans of $249 million and total deposits of $247 million. Commerce Union Bank held a loan portfolio that was primarily comprised of real estate loans. Immediately prior to the closing of the acquisition, for the three months ended March 31, 2015, Commerce Union Bank’s balance of nonperforming loans totaled 0.61% of total loans.

As a result of the Merger, the Company:

grew consolidated total assets from $474.4 million to $790.9 million as of April 1, 2015, after giving effect to purchase accounting;

increased total loans from $313.2 million to $561.4 million as of April 1, 2015;

increased total deposits from $376.6 million to $623.9 million as of April 1, 2015; and

expanded its employee base from 164 full time equivalent employees to 215 full time equivalent employees as of April 1, 2015.

34

Merger Between Reliant Bancorp, Inc. and Community First, Inc.

On December 15, 2017, Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. approved a merger with Community First which became effective on January 1, 2018 (“the Merger”). Each outstanding share and option to purchase a share of Community First common stock converted into the right to receive .481 shares of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock. After the Merger was completed, Reliant Bancorp, Inc.’s shareholders owned approximately 78.9% of the common stock of the Company and Community First’s shareholders owned approximately 21.1% of the common stock of the Company.

The assets and liabilities of Community First, Inc. as of the effective date of the Merger were recorded at their respective estimated fair values and added to those of the Company. Any excess of purchase price over the net estimated fair values of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities of Community First were allocated to all identifiable intangibles assets. Any remaining excess was then allocated to goodwill.

Merger expenses for the Company totaled $1,431 for the year ended December 31, 2017. These expenses were related to various professional fees for legal, accounting and other consultants. These and other factors that contributed to the Company’s earnings results for the periods indicated are discussed in more detail below.

As of December 31, 2017, Community First including its wholly-owned subsidiaries, had total assets of $480 million, total loans of $316 million and total deposits of $432 million. Community First held a loan portfolio that was primarily comprised of real estate loans.

As a result of the Merger on January 2, 2018, the Company:

grew consolidated total assets from $1,125.0 million to $1,636.0 million as of January 1, 2018, after giving effect to purchase accounting;

increased total loans from $762.5 million to $1,075.5 million as of January 1, 2018;

increased total deposits from $883.5 million to $1,316.0 million as of January 1, 2018; and

expanded its employee base from 167 full time equivalent employees to 272 full time equivalent employees as of January 1, 2018.

Earnings

Net income attributable to shareholders amounted to $7,246, or $0.89 per basic share for the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to $8,936, or $1.18 per basic share for the same period in 2016 and $5,575 or $0.88 per basic share for the same period in 2015. Dilutedour net income attributable to shareholders per share was $0.88, $1.16 and $0.86 per diluted share for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The largest components of the decline from the year ended December 31, 2016 to the year ended December 31, 2017 include a 122.6% increase in audit, legal and consulting due to the merger with Community First compared to the same period in 2016. The largest components of the improvement from the year ended December 31, 2015 to the year ended December 31, 2016 include a 20.2% increase inis net interest income of $5,482, and a decrease in non-interest expenses of $1,195 for- the year ended December 31, 2016 compared todifference between the same period in 2015. The largest factors offsetting the improvement was a decrease in non-interest income of $3,582 for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015.

35

Net Interest Income

Net interest income represents the amount by which interest earned on variousloans, investment securities and other interest earning assets exceedsand interest paidexpense on depositsdeposit accounts and other interest-bearing liabilitiesliabilities. Net interest income calculated on a tax-equivalent basis divided by total average interest-earning assets represents our net interest margin. The major factors that affect net interest income and net interest margin are changes in volumes, the yield on interest-earning assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities. Our margin can also be affected by economic conditions, the competitive environment, loan demand and deposit flow. Our ability to respond to changes in these factors by using effective asset-liability management techniques is critical to maintaining the most significant componentstability of the net interest margin and our revenues. net interest income.


The following tables set forth the amount of our average balances, interest income or interest expense for each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the average interest rate for interest-earning assets and interest-bearing
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liabilities, net interest spread and net interest margin for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019, and 20152018 (dollars in thousands):

Average Balances – Yields and Rates

  

Year Ended December 31, 2017

  

Year Ended December 31, 2016

  

Year Ended December 31, 2015

 
  

Average Balances

  

Rates /

Yields

(%)

  

Interest Income / Expense

  

Average Balances

  

Rates /

Yields

(%)

  

Interest Income / Expense

  

Average Balances

  

Rates /

Yields

(%)

  

Interest Income / Expense

 

Interest earning assets

                                    

Loans

 $714,982   4.59  $32,164  $640,592   4.78  $29,950  $517,148   4.78  $24,719 

Loan fees

  -   0.28   2,012   -   0.31   1,955   -   0.25   1,298 

Loans with fees

  714,982   4.87   34,176   640,592   5.09   31,905   517,148   5.03   26,017 

Mortgage loans held for sale

  19,016   4.56   868   21,064   3.67   773   38,284   3.98   1,523 

Deposits with banks

  15,177   0.71   107   20,240   0.35   70   21,715   0.18   39 

Investment securities - taxable

  31,557   2.19   691   40,463   1.79   724   46,393   1.90   881 

Investment securities - tax-exempt

  151,446   4.02   3,904   105,536   3.39   2,211   65,165   2.76   1,185 

Fed funds sold and other

  7,769   5.30   412   7,442   4.46   332   5,430   4.48   243 

Total earning assets

  939,947   4.58   40,158   835,337   4.56   36,015   694,135   4.39   29,888 

Nonearning assets

  55,489           49,737           39,516         
  $995,436          $885,074          $733,651         

Interest bearing liabilities

                                    

Interest bearing demand

 $84,171   0.21   173  $88,775   0.21   182  $88,857   0.21   190 

Savings and money market

  196,939   0.38   748   186,473   0.34   632   158,670   0.29   466 

Time deposits - retail

  319,456   0.98   3,126   159,351   0.70   1,116   116,364   0.76   883 

Time deposits - wholesale

  88,114   1.10   969   102,626   0.70   719   95,719   0.56   533 

Total interest bearing deposits

  688,680   0.73   5,016   537,225   0.49   2,649   459,610   0.45   2,072 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

  50,730   1.29   655   111,290   0.64   714   105,624   0.61   646 

Total borrowed funds

  50,730   1.29   655   111,290   0.64   714   105,624   0.61   646 

Total interest-bearing liabilities

  739,410   0.77   5,671   648,515   0.52   3,363   565,234   0.48   2,718 

Net interest rate spread (%) / Net interest income ($)

      3.81  $34,487       4.04  $32,652       3.91  $27,170 

Non-interest bearing deposits

  134,408   (0.12)      127,619   (0.09)      83,731   (0.07)    

Other non-interest bearing liabilities

  3,838           4,724           4,564         

Stockholder's equity

  117,780           104,216           80,122         
  $995,436          $885,074          $733,651         

Cost of funds

      0.65           0.43           0.41     

Net interest margin

      3.97           4.15           4.00     

Table Assumptions

For the Year Ended December, 31
202020192018
Average Balances (1)
Rates / Yields (%)Interest Income / Expense
Average Balances (1)
Rates / Yields (%)Interest Income / Expense
Average Balances (1)
Rates / Yields (%)Interest Income / Expense
Interest-earning assets
Loans (2) (3)
$2,149,447 5.33 $111,870 $1,298,922 5.12 $65,168 $1,138,946 4.99 $55,496 
Loan fees— 0.34 7,389 — 0.25 3,253 — 0.25 2,855 
Loans with fees2,149,447 5.68 119,259 1,298,922 5.37 68,421 1,138,946 5.24 58,351 
Mortgage loans held for sale91,544 3.77 3,450 18,212 5.28 961 24,882 5.14 1,278 
Deposits with banks56,676 0.53 298 37,369 1.58 590 34,504 1.37 471 
Investment securities - taxable71,303 2.13 1,517 74,220 2.83 2,099 70,170 2.62 1,836 
Investment securities - tax-exempt (4)
191,045 3.41 5,068 221,249 3.71 6,452 225,592 3.72 6,605 
Restricted equity securities16,287 4.00 652 11,449 5.52 632 10,965 5.93 650 
Federal funds sold3,074 0.88 27 1,421 2.11 30 689 2.32 16 
Total earning assets2,579,376 5.21 130,271 1,662,842 4.94 79,185 1,505,748 4.80 69,207 
Nonearning assets206,876 136,160 138,612 
Total assets$2,786,252 $1,799,002 $1,644,360 
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing demand$258,657 0.30 779 $146,518 0.26 384 $146,717 0.25 366 
Savings and money market707,023 0.67 4,709 376,927 1.11 4,191 349,986 0.74 2,589 
Time deposits - retail656,945 1.19 7,817 559,406 2.09 11,702 531,780 1.58 8,400 
Time deposits - wholesale229,769 1.77 4,063 227,071 2.48 5,622 90,510 1.77 1,598 
Total interest-bearing deposits1,852,394 0.94 17,368 1,309,922 1.67 21,899 1,118,993 1.16 12,953 
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other75,422 1.20 903 24,611 2.21 543 85,706 2.01 1,719 
Subordinated debt70,446 5.61 3,954 14,729 6.37 938 11,566 6.26 724 
Total borrowed funds145,868 3.33 4,857 39,340 3.76 1,481 97,272 2.51 2,443 
Total interest-bearing liabilities1,998,262 1.11 22,225 1,349,262 1.73 23,380 1,216,265 1.27 15,396 
Net interest spread (5)
4.10 108,0463.21 55,8053.53 53,811
Noninterest-bearing deposits466,334 (0.21)226,855 (0.25)218,867 (0.20)
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities34,207 7,988 5,911 
Shareholders' equity$287,449 $214,897 $203,317 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$2,786,252 $1,799,002 $1,644,360 
Cost of funds0.90 1.48 1.07 
Net interest margin (6)
4.353.543.78
(1)    Calculated using daily averages.
(2)    Average loan balances are inclusiveinclude nonaccrual loans.
(3)    Yields on loans reflects state tax credits received on low or zero percent interest loans made to construct low income housing of nonperforming loans.$2,687, $1,265, and $1,268, for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.
(4)     Yields computed on tax-exempt instrumentssecurities are shown on a tax equivalenttax-equivalent basis.
(5)    Net interest spread is calculated as the yields realized on interest-bearing assets less the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities.
(6)    Net interest margin is the result of net interest income calculated on a tax-equivalent basis divided by average interest earning assets for the period. Changes in net interest income are attributed to either changes in average balances (volume change) or changes in average rates (rate change) for earning assets and sources of funds on which interest is received or paid. Volume change is calculated as change in volume times the previous rate while rate change is change in rate times the previous volume. Changes not due solely to volume or rate changes have been allocated to volume change and rate change in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each category.

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Analysis


The following table reflects, for the periods indicated, the changes in our net income due to changes in the volume of Changes in Interest Incomeinterest-earning assets and Expense

  

Change for Year Ended

December 31, 2017 to 2016

  

Change for Year Ended

December 31, 2016 to 2015

 
  

 

Due to

Volume

  

Due to

Rate

  

Total

  

Due to

Volume

  

Due to

Rate

  

Total

 

Interest earning assets

                        

Loans

 $3,463  $(1,249) $2,214  $5,231  $-  $5,231 

Loan fees

  57   -   57   657   -   657 

Loans with fees

  3,520   (1,249)  2,271   5,888   -   5,888 

Mortgage loans held for sale

  (80)  175   95   (639)  (111)  (750)

Deposits with banks

  (22)  59   37   (3)  34   31 

Investment securities - taxable

  (177)  144   (33)  (108)  (49)  (157)

Investment securities - tax-exempt

  1,186   507   1,693   749   277   1,026 

Fed funds sold and other

  15   65   80   92   (3)  89 

Total earning assets

  4,442   (299)  4,143   5,979   148   6,127 
                         
                         

Interest bearing liabilities

                        

Interest bearing demand

  (9)  -   (9)  (8)  -   (8)

Savings and money market

  38   78   116   84   82   166 

Time deposits - retail

  1,438   572   2,010   307   (74)  233 

Time deposits - wholesale

  (114)  364   250   42   144   186 

Total interest bearing deposits

  1,353   1,014   2,367   425   152   577 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

  (526)  467   (59)  36   32   68 

Total borrowed funds

  (526)  467   (59)  36   32   68 

Total interest-bearing liabilities

  827   1,481   2,308   461   184   645 

Net interest rate spread (%) / Net interest income ($)

 $3,615  $(1,780) $1,835  $5,518  $(36) $5,482 

Analysisinterest-bearing liabilities and the associated rates earned or paid on the assets or liabilities.

Change for Year Ended
December 31, 2020 to 2019
Change for Year Ended
December 31, 2019 to 2018
Due to VolumeDue to RateTotalDue to VolumeDue to RateTotal
Interest-earning assets
Loans$45,313 $2,839 $48,152 $8,156 $1,513 $9,669 
Loan fees4,136 — 4,136 398 — 398 
Loans with fees49,449 2,839 52,288 8,554 1,513 10,067 
Mortgage loans held for sale2,837 (348)2,489 (351)34 (317)
Deposits with banks215 (507)(292)42 77 119 
Investment securities - taxable(80)(502)(582)110 153 263 
Investment securities - tax-exempt(1,059)(628)(1,687)(170)(24)(194)
Restricted equity securities223 (203)20 28 (46)(18)
Federal funds sold21 (24)(3)15 (1)14 
Total earning assets51,606 627 52,232 8,228 1,706 9,934 
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing demand329 66 395 — 18 18 
Savings and money market2,640 (2,122)518 213 1,389 1,602 
Time deposits - retail1,783 (5,668)(3,885)457 2,845 3,302 
Time deposits - wholesale66 (1,625)(1,559)3,178 846 4,024 
Total interest-bearing deposits4,818 (9,349)(4,531)3,848 5,098 8,946 
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other702 (342)360 (1,332)156 (1,176)
Subordinated Debt3,141 (125)3,016 201 13 214 
Total borrowed funds3,843 (467)3,376 (1,131)169 (962)
Total interest-bearing liabilities$8,661 $(9,816)$(1,155)$2,717 $5,267 $7,984 
Net interest rate spread$42,944 $10,443 $53,387 $5,511 $(3,561)$1,950 
2020 compared to 2019
For the year ended December 31, 2017, we recorded2020, net interest income was approximately $112.2 million (including tax equivalent adjustments), a 96% increase from the year ended December 31, 2019 net interest income of approximately $34.5 million, which resulted$58.8 million. This increase is primarily due to increasing loan volumes and a decrease in arates related to interest-bearing liabilities. Our net interest margin (netwas 4.35% and 3.54% for 2020 and 2019, respectively.

For 2020 and 2019, average loan yields increased from 5.37% to 5.68%. The effects of the declining interest rate environment was offset by the realization of twelve and nine months of additional interest income dividedrelated to the acquisition of TCB Holdings and FABK, respectively, including additional interest income from accretion of purchase accounting adjustments increasing from 0.12% to 0.45%. Year-over-year average loan balances increased by 65.5%, largely driven by the two 2020 acquisitions. Additionally, our continued focus on serving our customers led to organic growth of 13%.

Cost of funds decreased 58 basis points from 2019 to 0.90% in 2020 as our team continues to focus on reducing more costly time deposits and retaining lower cost customer deposits. Average retail time deposits decreased 17.4% versus average total deposits increase of 50.9%. While our acquired deposits drive the majority of this increase, organic deposits increased 14.1%
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year-over-year. The decrease in deposit rates was offset by an increase in interest expense related to subordinated debt as the average balance increased 378.3% with the issuance of interest earning assets)additional debt in December of 3.97%. 2019.

2019 compared to 2018
For the year ended December 31, 2016, we recorded2019, net interest income ofwas approximately $32.7$58.8 million which resulted in(including tax equivalent adjustments), a net interest margin (net interest income divided by the average balance of interest earning assets) of 4.15%. For3% increase from the year ended December 31, 2015, we recorded2018, net interest income of approximately $27.2 million, which resulted in a$56.9 million. Our net interest margin of 4.00%. was 3.54% and 3.78% for 2019 and 2018, respectively.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, 20162019 and 2015, our net interest spread was 3.81%, 4.04% and 3.91%, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, a contributing factor2018, average loan yields increased from 5.24% to the increase in our net interest income was the payoff of loans previously carried as purchase credit impaired. These payoffs resulted in $354 and $708 increase in our net interest income for the periods, respectively.

Our5.37% driven by year-over-year average loan volume increased by approximately 11.6% from 2016 to 2017increase of 12.3%. Our coupons and 23.9% from 2015 to 2016. Our combinedfees made up 5.15% and 4.96% of our total loan yield with the remainder being made up of purchase accounting accretion and loan fee yield decreased from 5.09% to 4.87% for 2017 compared to 2016, respectively, and increased from 5.03% to 5.09% for 2016 compared to 2015, respectively.

tax credits.

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Our cost of funds increased 41 basis points from 0.43%1.07% to 0.65%1.48% for 20172019 compared to the same period in 2016 and from 0.41% to 0.43% for 2016 compared to the same period in 2015. Our cost2018. All categories of interest-bearing liabilities increased from 0.52% at December 31, 2016contributed to 0.77% at December 31, 2017 and from 0.48% at December 31, 2015 to 0.52% at December 31, 2016. Contributing factorsthe increase in the increaseour cost of funds and cost of interest-bearing liabilities includedue to rate increases by the increase in the ratesFederal Reserve as well as competition for FHLB advances which doubled from 2016 to 2017, the 40 basis points increase in wholesale timecore deposits and the 28use of wholesale funding sources. Additionally, we assumed subordinated debt in the Community First acquisition and issued another $60 million in December 2019 with a combined cost of 6.37%. Our noninterest-bearing deposits decreased our cost of funds by 25 basis points increase in retail time deposits. We also experienced 5.3% and 52.4% increases in our average non-interest bearing deposits from the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The increase from 20152019 compared to 2016 was primarily20 basis points for the resultyear ended December 31, 2018.


Provision for LoanLosses
Management considers a number of factors in determining the required level of the Merger that occurred on April 1, 2015, but also a result of our continuing initiative to grow low cost core deposits. The lower increase in non-interest bearing deposits in 2017 compared to other interest bearing liabilities had a negative impact on our cost of funds.

We continue to deploy various asset and liability management strategies to manage our risk to interest rate fluctuations. We believe margin expansion over both the shortallowance for loan losses and the long term willprovision required to achieve what is believed to be challenging due to continued pressure on earning asset yields during this extended period of low interest rates. Loan pricing for creditworthy borrowers is very competitive in our marketsappropriate reserve level, including historical loss experience, loan growth, credit risk rating trends, nonperforming loan levels, delinquencies, loan portfolio concentrations and has limited our ability to increase pricing on neweconomic and renewed loans over the last several quarters.

Provision for Loan Losses

market trends. The provision for loan losses represents a charge (or in the casemanagement’s determination of the years ended December 31, 2015, a recovery) to earningsamount necessary to establish anbe charged against the current period’s earnings to maintain the allowance for loan losses at a level that it considered adequate in management’s evaluation, should be adequaterelation to provide coverage for the inherent losses on outstanding loans. Based upon management’s assessment of the loan portfolio, we adjust our allowance for loan losses on a quarterly basis to an amount deemed appropriate to adequately cover probableestimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio.

Based upon our evaluation of the loan portfolio, we believe the allowance for loan losses to be adequate to absorb our estimate of probable losses existing in the loan portfolio at December 31, 2017. While policies and procedures used to estimate the allowance for loan losses, as well as the resultant


The provision for loan losses chargedfrom continuing operations was $8,350 in 2020, an increase of $7,139, or 589.5% compared to operations, are considered adequate by management, they are necessarily approximate and imprecise. There are factors beyond our control, such2019, due to an increase in loan volume as conditions inwell as economic considerations due to the local and national economy, local real estate market, or particular industry or borrower-specific conditions, which may materially negatively impact our asset quality and the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses and, thus, the resulting provision for loan losses.

WeCOVID-19 pandemic. Similarly, we recorded a provision forof $1,211 in 2019, an increase of $176, or 17.0%, compared to 2018, due to an increase in loan lossesvolume.


Credit quality remains strong with nonperforming loans at December 31, 2020 amounting to 0.26% of $1,316 total loans as compared to 0.29% at December 31, 2019 and $9680.34% at December 31, 2018. Net charge-offs (recoveries) compared to average loans remain low with 0.01%, (0.04)%, and (0.01)% for the years ended December 31, 20172020, December 31, 2019, and 2016, respectively, and a negative provisionDecember 31, 2018, respectively. The allowance for loan losses of $270loss to total loans at December 31, 2020 was 0.90% compared to 0.89% at December 31, 2019 and 0.88% at December 31, 2018. When including purchase loan discounts, this rises to 1.62%, 1.10%, and 1.25% for the yearyears ended December 31, 2015. Our provision increase was primarily the result of loan growth that we have experienced. The lower provision for loan losses (including the negative provision) experienced in the prior years was due to the continued improvement of credit-quality factors in our loan portfolio, continued recoveries2020, December 31, 2019, and low charge-offs.

December 31, 2018, respectively.

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Non-Interest

Noninterest Income

Our non-interestnoninterest income is composed of several components, some of which vary significantly between periods. The following is a summary of our non-interestnoninterest income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019, and 20152018 (dollars in thousands):

  

Years Ended December 31,

  

Dollar

Increase

  

Percent Increase

  

Year Ended December 31,

  

Dollar

Increase

  

Percent Increase

 
  

2017

  

2016

  (Decrease)  (Decrease)  

2015

  (Decrease)  (Decrease) 

Non-interest income

                            

Service charges on deposit accounts

 $1,251  $1,239  $12   1.0% $958  $281   29.3%

Gains (loss) on securities transactions, net

  59   36   23   63.9%  (388)  424   -109.3%

Gains on mortgage loans sold, net

  3,675   6,317   (2,642)  -41.8%  10,999   (4,682)  -42.6%

Gain on sale of other real estate

  27   301   (274)  -91.0%  6   295   4916.7%

Loss on disposal of premises and equipment

  (52)  -   (52)  -100.0%  -   -   0.0%

Other noninterest income:

                            

Bank-owned life insurance

  836   750   86   11.5%  541   209   38.6%

Brokerage revenue

  116   89   27   30.3%  93   (4)  -4.3%

Rental income

  -   2   (2)  -100.0%  6   (4)  -66.7%

Miscellaneous noninterest income, net

  98   66   32   48.5%  167   (101)  -60.5%

Total other non-interest income

  1,050   907   143   15.8%  807   100   12.4%

Total non-interest income

 $6,010  $8,800  $(2,790)  -31.7% $12,382  $(3,582)  -28.9%

The most significant reason for the decrease during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016

Year Ended December 31,Percent Increase (Decrease)Year Ended December 31, 2018Percent Increase (Decrease)
20202019
Noninterest Income
Service charges and fees$5,747 $3,746 53.4 %$3,419 9.6 %
Securities (losses) gains, net(270)1,451 (118.6)%43 3,274.4 %
Gains on mortgage loans sold, net12,239 4,905 149.5 %4,418 11.0 %
Other noninterest income:
Gain on sale of other real estate28166(83)%259(36)%
Gain on disposal of assets31 — 100.0 %13 (100.0)%
Bank-owned life insurance2,759 1,119 146.6 %1,186 (5.6)%
Brokerage revenue194 49 295.9 %99 (50.5)%
   Miscellaneous noninterest income831 528 57.4 %227 132.6 %
Total other noninterest income3,843 1,862 106.4 %1,784 4.4 %
Total noninterest income$21,559 $11,964 80.2 %$9,664 23.8 %

2020 compared to the same periods in 2016 and 2015, related to the decline in gains on mortgage loans sold, net. Following is a description of certain components of non-interest2019
Noninterest income and other reasonsincreased for fluctuations during the year ended December 31, 20172020 compared to the same period in 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2016 compared2019, primarily due to the same period in 2015.

gains on mortgage loans sold.


Service charges on deposit accounts generally reflect customer growth trends but also are impacted by changes in our fee pricing structure to help attract and retain customers.

Securities gains The increase in service charges and losses will fluctuate from periodfees for 2020 was driven primarily by the incremental increase in transaction volume related to period and are often attributable to various balance sheet risk strategies. our acquisitions, as well as growth in the volume of our legacy deposit accounts.

During the year ended December 31, 2017,2020, the Company sold securities classifiedtotaling $151,934 and recognized a loss of $270 as available for available for salepart of a strategy to restructure the investment portfolio which included the sales of those portfolios acquired as part of the FABK and TCB Holdings transactions. Comparatively, during the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company sold securities totaling $18,688$85,895 and recognized a gain of $59. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company sold securities classified as available for sale totaling $31,782 and recognized a net gain of $36. Proceeds from sales during 2016 were primarily reinvested in higher yielding securities with comparable interest rate and credit risk. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company sold securities classified as available for sale and held to maturity totaling $27,258 and recognized a net loss of $388. During the first quarter of 2015, the Bank sold securities that were previously classified as held to maturity and recognized a loss on sale of $396, which is included in the net loss above. All other securities classified as held to maturity were transferred to available-for-sale during the first quarter of 2015.

$1,451.

Gains on mortgage loans sold, net, consists of fees from the origination and sale of mortgage loans. These mortgage fees are for loans originated throughout the U.S. and subsequently sold to third-party investors. All of these loan sales transfer servicing rights to the buyer. Generally,The mortgage related revenue increases in lowerbanking business is directly impacted by the interest rate environmentsenvironment, increased regulations, consumer demand, and more robust housing markets and decreaseeconomic conditions. Mortgage production, especially refinance activity, typically rises in risingdeclining interest rate environments and more challenging housing markets. Mortgage-related revenue will fluctuateenvironments. Mortgage loans originated for resale totaled $605,020 in 2020 as compared to $179,331 in 2019 as a result of the productive market conditions produced by the low interest rate environment changes andin 2020 as changes occur to our mortgage operations. Gains on mortgage loans sold, net, amounted to $3,675, $6,317 and $10,999, for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. As discussed further in the notes to our consolidated financial statements, gains on mortgage loans sold are generally recognized at the time of a loan sale corresponding to the transfer of risk. We completed the transition of a majority of our out-of-market mortgage loan production offices during the quarter ended June 30, 2016 to better focus our marketing and other resources in our core Middle Tennessee markets. The decline in gains on mortgage loans sold during year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was directly attributable to the transition. We did noticewell as an increase in gains on mortgage loans sold duringcorrespondent bank transactions as the second half of 2017Company began these activities mid-2019.
Noninterest income also includes income from bank-owned life insurance (BOLI), which was influenced by our new first-lien HELOC program.

39

During$2,759, for the year ended December 31, 2017, we recognized a gain of $27 due2020 and includes $1,808 in death benefit proceeds. The remaining increase when compared to the recognition of a previously deferred gain from a payoff of a loan. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we recognized a gain on sale of other real estate of $301 when we sold2019 is driven by the remaining two propertiesadditional policies acquired from the FABK and TCB Holdings transactions as well as additional purchases in our other real estate portfolio and recognized a gain previously deferred related to the payoff of a loan financing a previous other real estate sale.

Noninterest income also includes appreciation in the cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance which was $836, $750 and $541 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Primarily, the increases in earnings on these bank-owned life insurance policies resulted from an additional purchased $4.0 million of bank-owned life insurance was purchased with terms similar to our existing policies, and during 2016, and an additional $8.0 million of bank-owned life insurance was purchased with terms similar to our existing policies during 2017.2020. The assets that support these policies are administered by the life insurance carriers and the income we receive (i.e., increases or decreases in the cash surrender value of the policies) is dependent upon the returns the insurance carriers are able to earn on the underlying investments that support the policies. Earnings on these policies generally are not taxable.

Our

Other noninterest income also includes gains (losses) on other real estate owned and other assets which experienced minimal activity in both 2020 and 2019. Our brokerage revenue is solely based on commissions received from established referral relationships and fluctuate based on related activity.

Rental

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2019 compared to 2018
Noninterest income relates to rent received on foreclosed properties and is minimalincreased for the periods presented. 

Non-Interestyear ended December 31, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to gains on mortgages sold offset by a decrease in gains realized on the sale of securities.


Gains on mortgage loans sold, net, amounted to $4,905 and $4,418 for the years ended December 31, 2019, and 2018, respectively. The industry began to experience rates decline during the first quarter of 2019 after rising through much of 2018. Mortgage loans originated for resale totaled $179,331 in 2019 as compared to $141,783 in 2018 as a result of the productive market conditions produced by the low interest rate environment.

Noninterest income also includes appreciation in the cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance (BOLI), gains/(losses) from sales of other real estate owned and other assets as well as brokerage revenue which fluctuates based on volume and market conditions but did not experience significant change from 2018.

Noninterest Expense

The following is a summary of our non-interestnoninterest expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019, and 20152018 (dollars in thousands):

  

Years Ended December 31,

  

Dollar Increase

  

Percent Increase

  

Year Ended

December 31,

  

Dollar Increase

  

Percent Increase

 
  

2017

  

2016

  (Decrease)  (Decrease)  

2015

  (Decrease)  (Decrease) 

Non-interest expense

                            

Salaries and employee benefits

 $18,432  $18,256  $176   1.0% $18,657  $(401)  -2.1%

Occupancy

  3,353   3,174   179   5.6%  3,387   (213)  -6.3%

Information technology

  2,715   2,486   229   9.2%  2,479   7   0.3%

Advertising and public relations

  264   702   (438)  -62.4%  1,213   (511)  -42.1%

Audit, legal and consulting

  2,865   1,287   1,578   122.6%  1,892   (605)  -32.0%

Federal deposit insurance

  399   438   (39)  -8.9%  383   55   14.4%

Provision for losses on other real estate

  -   70   (70)  -100.0%  110   (40)  -36.4%

Other operating

  3,048   3,961   (913)  -23.0%  3,448   513   14.9%

Total non-interest expense

 $31,076  $30,374  $702   2.3% $31,569  $(1,195)  -3.8%

The most significant reason for the changes during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 relate to the consulting cost from the Merger between Reliant Bancorp Inc. and Community First Inc. that was effective January 1, 2018. Following is a description of certain components of non-interest expense and additional reasons for fluctuations during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

Salaries and employee benefits increased for the year ended December 31, 2017

Year Ended December 31,Percent Increase (Decrease)Year Ended December 31, 2018Percent Increase (Decrease)
20202019
Noninterest Expense
Salaries and employee benefits$46,332 $30,514 51.8 %$27,510 10.9 %
Occupancy7,756 5,423 43.0 %4,949 9.6 %
Data processing and software8,594 6,213 38.3 %5,333 16.5 %
Professional fees2,676 2,302 16.2 %2,848 (19.2)%
Regulatory fees1,797 908 97.9 %1,077 (15.7)%
Merger expenses6,895 1,603 330.1 %2,774 (42.2)%
Other operating expense9,157 6,929 32.2 %6,070 14.2 %
Total noninterest expense$83,207 $53,892 54.4 %$50,561 6.6 %
2020 compared to the same period in 2016 and decreased for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015. The primary reason for the change2019
Noninterest expense increased significantly during the year ended December 31, 20172020 when compared to December 31, 2019 which is primarily driven by incremental costs incurred following the same periodTCB Holdings and FABK transactions as well as the merger expenses incurred.

The increase in 2016salaries and employee benefits is related to the TCB Holdings and FABK transactions as well as our year over year growth and severance for three executive officers. The staffing levels have normalized during the third quarter but we experienced an overall increase in FTEs from 301 to 428.

The 43.0% increase in occupancy expense from December 31, 2020 to December 31, 2019 was largely attributable to the staffing of the Green Hills branch, the Chattanooga loan and deposit production office,increased depreciation and other strategic hires. The decreasefacilities-related expenses associated with the TCB Holdings and FABK transactions as well as the expansion of RMV.

Data processing and software expense increased from 2015December 31, 2020 to 2016 wasDecember 31, 2019 and is mainly attributable to an increased volume of accounts and transactions services as well as continued investments in information technology infrastructure. Both the volume and location increases are primarily a resultdue to the TCB Holdings Transaction, the FABK Transaction, and the expansion of a decreaseRMV.

Professional fees increased 16.2% in compensation from transitioning several of our out-of-market mortgage offices to another bank and was partially offset from general increases in compensation of our staff.

40

Certain of our facilities are leased while there are others that we own. Occupancy costs increased during the year ended December 31, 20172020 as compared to the same period in 2016. This increase is due to the depreciation for the Green Hills location, Chattanooga location, and Mortgage office in Brentwood. Additionally, the Chattanooga location and the Mortgage office in Brentwood were both new leases in 2017. Occupancy costs decreased during the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015. This decrease is due to transitioning several of our out-of-market mortgage offices to another bank.

Information technology costs increased for the year ended December 31, 2017 when comparing to the comparable periods in 2016 and 2015. This increase is mainly attributable to projects implemented in 2017.

Advertising and public relations costs decreased when comparing the year ended December 31, 2017 to the similar period in 2016, by $438. The decrease was substantially attributable to a decline in our direct-mail advertising and related consultation expenditures and partially offset by the recently completed marketing campaign to increase core deposits. Additional customer acquisition strategies are being evaluated by the Company. Advertising and public relations costs decreased when comparing the year ended December 31, 2016 to the similar period in 2015, by $511. The decrease2019 which is primarily due to transitioning severaldriven by increased costs at the Company in both the Bank and Mortgage segments as activity increased.

55

Table of our out-of-market mortgage offices to another bank. These decreases have been partially offset by cost increases attributable to our current customer acquisition strategy.

Audit, legal and consulting costs increased $1,578 when comparing the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the similar period in 2016 due to an increase in merger-related expenses. The decrease from 2015 to 2016Contents


Regulatory fees are largely made up of $605 was due to merger-relatedFDIC insurance expenses and partially offset by the costs associated with being a public company.

Our FDIC expense is based on our outstanding liabilitiesdeposits for the period multiplied by a factor determined by the FDIC,, mainly driven by our most recent regulatory rating and certain financial performance factors. Our FDIC expense decreased $39 forThe increase in the year ended December 31, 2017,2020 is due to an increase in average liabilities following the TCB Holdings and FABK transactions as well as a $375 small bank assessment credit received in 2019.


Other noninterest expenses include advertising expenses, insurance expenses, core deposit intangibles (CDI) amortization, provision for losses on other real estate owned, and franchise taxes. The TCB and FABK transactions increased CDI amortization when comparing the year ended December 31, 2020 to December 31, 2019. These increases were partially offset by decreases in travel and entertainment expenses and advertising. Additionally, the Company recorded no provision or write-downs for other real estate owned in 2020 compared to $98 in 2019.

2019 compared to 2018
Noninterest expense increased significantly during the year ended December 31, 2019 when compared to 2018 which is primarily driven by the increase in salaries and employee benefits as the Company continues to grow the mortgage banking business through RMV, as well as our de novo Murfreesboro and Chattanooga branches.

Occupancy costs increased during the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to the same period in 20162018 mainly due to the commencement of Murfreesboro and Chattanooga leases. Additionally, RMV established leases for mortgage production offices in Memphis and Chattanooga in Tennessee and in Little Rock, Arkansas in 2019.
Data processing and software expense increased $55 for the year ended December 31, 20162019 when compared to 2018. This increase is mainly attributable to increasing volume of accounts and transactions due to the new de novo branch offices that served to increase data processing costs incrementally. Additionally, we have made investments in technology to improve our network performance, strengthen our cybersecurity infrastructure and enhance our ability to deliver digital products to our commercial and consumer clients.
Professional fees decreased $546 when comparing the year ended December 31, 2019 to the similar period in 2018. This decrease is mainly attributable to the higher legal fees and consulting fees incurred during 2018 by RMV which decreased $713 in 2019.
Regulatory fees decreased $169 for year ended December 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2015.2018. This decrease in 2017 is primarilywas attributable to an approximately $375 credit received from the result of a reduction in the applicable rate which was partiallyFDIC offset by thean increase in average liabilities. The increase
Other noninterest expenses increased by $859 for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to the same period in 2016 relates2018 due to our increase in average liabilities which is the base for determining our premiums. Theincreased travel and entertainment costs associated with the increase in average liabilities.

and advertising expenses incurred by RMV. We recorded a provision for losses on other real estate of $70 and $110 during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 compared to none in 2017. The provision recorded for 2016 related to a property held in our other real estate portfolio while the provision recorded for 2015 related to a different property held in our other real estate portfolio.

Other operating expenses decreased by $913$98 for the year ended December 31, 20172019 compared to none in 2018. The provision in 2019 related to a property sold in January 2020.


Efficiency ratio
The efficiency ratio is one measure of productivity in the same period in 2016 duebanking industry. This ratio is calculated to decreases in loan-relatedmeasure the cost of generating one dollar of revenue. That is, the ratio is designed to reflect the percentage of one dollar which must be expended to generate that dollar of revenue. We calculate this ratio by dividing noninterest expense by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income. For an adjusted efficiency ratio, we exclude certain gains, losses and expenses such as processing costs relatingwe do not consider core to our mortgage operations as volume decreased and our transitioning of severalbusiness.

Our efficiency ratio of our out-of-market mortgage offices to another bank,banking segment was 59.36% and the reversal of the lower of cost or market adjustment68.02% for loans held for sale during 2017. Other operating expenses increased $513 for the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to the same period in 2015 mainly due to the Merger effective April 1, 2015. These increases from 2015 compared to 2016 were partially offset by decreases in loan-related expenses such as processing costs relating to our mortgage operations as volume decreased and our transitioning of several of our out-of-market mortgage offices to another bank. We also recorded a provision for unfunded commitments of $85 and $323 during the years ended December 31, 20162020 and 2015,2019, respectively. This provisionOur adjusted efficiency ratio, on a tax-equivalent basis, was recorded to provide51.40% and 64.00% for estimated losses in our unfunded loan commitments.

Income Taxes

During the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020 and 20152019, respectively. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in this Report for a discussion of the adjusted efficiency ratio.


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Income Taxes

2020 compared to 2019
During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, we recorded consolidated income tax expense of $1,942, $2,213$6,935 and $2,271,$2,129, respectively. The Company files separate Federalfederal tax returns for RMV and the operations of the mortgage banking and banking operations.bank segment. The taxable income or losses of the mortgage banking operations are included in the respective franchise and excise returns of the Bank and non-controlling membersmember for Federalfederal purposes. During the third quarter of 2015, the Company began consolidating the results of the Bank and the mortgage banking operations in its tax filings with the State of Tennessee. At that time, we recognized a cumulative benefit of $159 relating to 2014 and prior tax losses of the mortgage banking operations that were available to offset a portion of the income of the Bank. Results of the mortgage banking operations were previously reported on the individual state returns of the Bank and mortgage banking operation’s non-controlling members.


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Our incomeIncome tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2017,2020, reflects an effective income tax rate of 21.7%18.12% (exclusive of a tax benefit from our mortgage banking operations of $66$17 realized on RMV's pre-tax loss of $1,149 and inclusive of tax expense $620 related to the revaluation of our deferred tax asset based on the change in the tax law)$316) compared to 20.4%13.47% (exclusive of a tax benefit from our mortgage banking operations of $72$393 on RMV's pre-tax loss of $1,111) for$6,052). Our effective tax rate differs from the comparable periodstatutory tax rate by our investments in municipal securities, bank-owned life insurance (BOLI), and state tax credits, net of 2016. During the year ended December 31, 2017effect of certain non-deductible expenses and 2016, the Company recognizedrecognition of excess tax benefits of $184 and $478 related to the exercise of stock options, respectively, thereby reducing ourcompensation. The effective tax rate in 2020 increased as compared to 2019 as the year ended December 31, 2015. Also, during the year ended December 31, 2016, the Bank entered into an interest-free loan agreement and recognizes a state tax credit in the amountproportion of $650 for 2016 and 2017. Ourtax-exempt income tax expense was also positively affected by our increase into total income earned on tax-exempt securities in 2017 and 2016. decreased as compared to 2019.


Our effective tax rate for 2020 and 2019 represents our blended federal and state rate of 38.29%26.1% which is then reduced by the impact of anticipated favorable permanent differences between our book and taxable income such as bank-owned life insurance,BOLI, income earned on tax-exempt securities and certain federal and state tax credits. The non-deductibility of certain merger relatedmerger-related expenses also drives fluctuations in our effective tax rate.  In

2019 compared to 2018 our effective tax rate before temporary and permanent difference will decrease to 26.135% due to the change in rate by the newly enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that reduced the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%.

Noncontrolling Interest in Net Income (Loss) of Subsidiary

Our noncontrolling interest in net income (loss) of subsidiary is solely attributable to Reliant Mortgage Ventures, LLC. Reliant Bank has a 51% voting interest in this venture. Under the terms of the related operating agreement, the noncontrolling member receives 70% of the profits of the mortgage venture, and the Bank receives 30% of the profits. The noncontrolling member is responsible for 100% of the mortgage venture’s net losses.

During the yearyears ended December 31, 2016, the Company transitioned most2019 and 2018, we recorded consolidated income tax expense of its out-of-market mortgage offices to another bank. The venture incurred a net loss of $1,083$2,129 and $1,372. Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2017,2019 reflects an effective income tax rate of 13.47% (exclusive of a tax benefit of $393 realized on RMV's pre-tax loss of $6,052) compared to 10.25% (exclusive of a tax benefit of $236 on RMV's pre-tax loss of $3,814). The higher effective tax rate in 2019 is mainly the result of higher excess tax benefits in 2018 related to exercise of stock options and restricted shares vesting which reduces the effective rate.

Noncontrolling Interest in NetIncome (Loss)of Subsidiary
RMV incurred a net loss of $1,039$299, $5,659, and $3,578 for the yearyears ended December 31, 20162020, 2019, and a net income of $407 for the year ended December 31, 2015.2018, respectively. The net loss for the year ended December 31, 2017,2020 results in a cumulative net loss from the venture of $4,352.$13,655. These amounts are included in our consolidated results. However, RMV losses are 100% the responsibility of the noncontrolling interest and are not attributable to the Company's shareholders. See Note 20 for segment reporting in the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere herein.

Return on Equity and Assets

The following schedule details selected key ratios for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 
             

Return on assets

  0.73%  1.01%  0.76%

(Net income divided by average total assets)

            

Return on equity

  6.15%  8.57%  6.96%

(Net income divided by average equity)

            

Dividend payout ratio

  26.97%  18.64%  22.73%

(Dividends declared per share divided by net income per share)

            

Equity to assets ratio

  11.83%  11.77%  10.92%

(Average equity divided by average total assets)

            

Leverage capital ratio - Bank

  11.68%  10.75%  9.88%

(Equity divided by fourth quarter average total assets, excluding accumulated other comprehensive income)

            

"Note 17 - Segment Reporting".
42FINANCIAL CONDITION

Table of Contents
Overview

Under guidelines developed by regulatory agencies a “risk weight” is assigned


Total assets increased $1,124.7 million, or 59.1%, to various categories of assets and commitments ranging from 0% to 100% based on the risk associated with the asset. The following schedule details the Bank’s risk-based capital$3,026.5 million at December 31, 2017 excluding the net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities which is shown as an increase in shareholders’ equity in the consolidated financial statements:

  

In Thousands,

Except

Percentages

 

Tier 1 capital

    

Shareholders' equity, excluding accumulated other comprehensive income, disallowed goodwill, other disallowed intangible assets and disallowed servicing assets

 $123,862 

Tier 2 capital

    

Allowable allowance for loan losses (limited to 1.25% of gross risk- weighted assets)

  9,731 
     

Total risk-based capital

 $133,593 
     

Risk-weighted assets, gross

 $906,112 

Less: Excess allowance for loan and lease losses

  - 
     

Risk-weighted assets, net

 $906,112 
     

Risk-based capital ratios:

    

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio

  13.67%
     

Total risk-based capital ratio

  14.74%

The minimum Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio required by the regulatory agencies is 4.00%, and the minimum total risk-based capital ratio required is 9.25%. At December 31, 2017, the Company was in compliance with these requirements.

COMPARISON OF BALANCE SHEETS ATDECEMBER31, 2017 AND DECEMBER 31, 2016

Overview

The Company’s total assets were $1,125,034 at December 31, 2017 and $911,984 at December 31, 2016. Our assets increased by 23.4% from December 31, 20162020 compared to December 31, 2017. The2019. This increase in assets from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017, was substantially attributable to an increase in net loans held for investment of approximately $104.8$890.8 million, discussed further below; a net increase in our securities portfolio of $73.4 million, discussed further below; an increase of $33.5 million in mortgage loans held for sale; and a $8.8sale of $110.0 million, an increase in bank-owned life insurance. These increases were offset by a decreaseof $43.4 million in cash and cash equivalents, and an increase of $3.6$31.4 million and a decrease in other assetsthe cash surrender value of $4.5 million. The Company’s totallife insurance contracts. Total liabilities were $984,897increased $1,026.5 million, or 61.2%, to $2,704.6 million at December 31, 2017 and $805,065 at December 31, 2016, an increase of 22.3%. The increase in total liabilities from December 31, 20162020 compared to December 31, 2017,2019. This increase was substantially attributable to anthe increase in total deposits of $119.7 million and an increase of $64.5 million in Federal Home Loan Bank advances.$994.8 million. These and other components of our balance sheets are primarily attributable to the TCB and FABK Transactions and are discussed further below.

Loans

Lending-related income is the most important component of our net interest income and is a major contributor to profitability. The loan portfolio is the largest component of earning assets, and it therefore generates the largest portion of revenues. The absolute volume of loans and the volume of loans as a percentage of earning assets is an important determinant of net interest margin as loans are expected to produce higher yields than securities and other earning assets. As previously discussed, the competition for quality loans in our markets has remained intense. Our goal is to steadily grow our loan portfolio, focusing on quality. This is not always possible for various factors, including but not limited to, scheduled maturities or early payoffs exceeding new loan volume. Early payoffs typically increase in lowering rate environments as customers identify advantageous opportunities for refinancing. We have been adding experienced lending officers to our staff to help with loan growth as the local market has continued to improve. Total loans, net, at December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, were $762,488 and $657,701, respectively. This represented an increase of 15.9% from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017.


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The table below provides a summary of the loan portfolio composition for the dates noted (including purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans).

  

As of December 31,

 
  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 
  

Amount

  

Percent

  

Amount

  

Percent

  

Amount

  

Percent

 
                         

Commerical, industrial and agricultural

 $138,706   18.0% $134,404   20.1% $143,770   23.3%

Real estate:

                        

1-4 family residential

  111,932   14.4%  113,031   16.9%  110,736   17.9%

1-4 family HELOC

  72,017   9.3%  57,460   8.6%  49,665   8.0%

Multifamily and commercial real estate

  261,044   33.8%  215,639   32.3%  202,736   32.8%

Construction, land development and farmland

  156,452   20.3%  115,889   17.4%  89,763   14.6%

Consumer

  17,605   2.3%  17,240   2.6%  15,271   2.5%

Other

  14,694   1.9%  13,745   2.1%  5,556   0.9%
   772,450   100.0%  667,408   100.0%  617,497   100.0%

Less:

                        

Deferred loan fees

  231       625       927     

Allowance for possible loan losses

  9,731       9,082       7,823     
                         

Loans, net

 $762,488      $657,701      $608,747     

  

As of December 31,

 
  

2014

  

2013

 
  

Amount

  

Percent

  

Amount

  

Percent

 
                 

Commerical, industrial and agricultural

 $80,817   25.5% $84,715   29.6%

Real estate:

                

1-4 family residential

  41,297   13.0%  38,604   13.5%

1-4 family HELOC

  33,108   10.4%  35,353   12.3%

Multifamily and commercial real estate

  112,805   35.6%  91,400   31.9%

Construction, land development and farmland

  37,127   11.7%  27,916   9.7%

Consumer

  11,771   3.7%  8,330   2.9%

Other

  300   0.1%  302   0.1%
   317,225   100.0%  286,620   100.0%

Less:

                

Deferred loan fees

  375       320     

Allowance for possible loan losses

  7,353       8,530     
                 

Loans, net

 $309,497      $277,770     

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Table of Contents

The table below provides a summary of PCI loans as of December 31, 2017 and 2016:

  

December 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2017

  

2016

 
         

Commerical, industrial and agricultural

 $298  $385 

Real estate:

        

1-4 family residential

  47   92 

1-4 family HELOC

  -   36 

Multifamily and commercial real estate

  1,217   3,321 

Construction, land development and farmland

  1,508   1,569 

Consumer

  -   - 

Other

  -   - 

Total gross PCI loans

  3,070   5,403 

Less:

        

Remaining purchase discount

  156   635 

Allowance for possible loan losses

  4   6 
         

Loans, net

 $2,910  $4,762 

Commercial loans above consist of commercial and industrial loans made to U.S. domiciled customers. These include loans for use in normal business operations to finance working capital needs, equipment purchases or other expansionary projects. Commercial loans of $138,706 at December 31, 2017, increased 3.2% compared to $134,404 as of December 31, 2016. Agricultural loans represent 10.1% of the total commercial, industrial and agricultural portfolio, and 1.8% of gross loans at December 31, 2017.

Real estate loans comprised 77.9% of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2017. Residential loans included in this category consist mainly of closed-end loans secured by first and second liens that are not held for sale and revolving, open-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties extended under home equity lines of credit. The Company increased the residential portfolio from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017. Commercial loans included in the real estate category above include (in typical order of prominence) loans secured by non- owner-occupied nonfarm nonresidential properties, loans secured by owner-occupied nonfarm nonresidential properties, and loans secured by multi-family residential properties. Multi-family and commercial real estate loans of $261,044 at December 31, 2017, increased 21.1% compared to the $215,639 as of December 31, 2016. Real estate construction loans consist of 1-4 family residential construction loans, other construction loans, land loans, and loans secured by farmland. Construction lending also increased during 2016 and 2017, based on a strong local economy.

Consumer loans mainly consist of loans to individuals for household, family, and other personal expenditures under revolving credit plans and other consumer loans. We have a small amount of credit card loans on our balance sheet due to the implementation of a new credit card program during the third quarter of 2017. We have a relatively small number of automobile loans. Our consumer loans experienced a small increase from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2017, of 2.1%.

Other loans consist mainly of loans to states and political subdivisions and loans to other depository institutions and experienced a 6.9% increase from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017.

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The repayment of loans is a source of additional liquidity for us. The following table sets forth the loans maturing within specific intervals at December 31, 2017, excluding unearned net fees and costs.

  

One Year or

Less

  

One to Five

Years

  

Over Five

Years

  

Total

 

Commercial, industrial and agricultural

 $58,592  $57,706  $22,408  $138,706 

Real estate:

                

1-4 family residential

  19,418   67,200   25,314   111,932 

1-4 family HELOC

  8,369   13,890   49,758   72,017 

Multifamily and commercial real estate

  21,198   118,484   121,362   261,044 

Construction, land development and farmland

  87,042   40,165   29,245   156,452 

Consumer

  11,577   5,758   270   17,605 

Other

  1,658   5,341   7,695   14,694 

Total

 $207,854  $308,544  $256,052  $772,450 
                 

Fixed interest rate

 $83,022  $256,982  $195,205  $535,209 

Variable interest rate

  124,832   51,562   60,847   237,241 

Total

 $207,854  $308,544  $256,052  $772,450 

The information presented in the above table is based upon the contractual maturities of the individual loans, including loans which may be subject to renewal at their contractual maturity. Renewal of such loans is subject to review and credit approval, as well as modification of terms upon their maturity. Consequently, we believe this treatment presents fairly the maturity and repricing structure of the loan portfolio.

Allowance for Loan Losses

We maintain an allowance for loan losses that we believe is adequate to absorb the probable incurred losses inherent in our loan portfolio. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Management estimates the allowance balance required using historical loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, current economic conditions (national and local), and other factors such as changes in interest rates, portfolio concentrations, changes in the experience, ability, and depth of the lending function, levels of and trends in charged-off loans, recoveries, past-due loans and volume and severity of classified loans. The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired. The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off.

A loan is impaired when full payment under the loan terms is not expected. All classified loans and loans on non-accrual status are individually evaluated for impairment. Factors considered in determining if a loan is impaired include the borrower’s ability to repay amounts owed, collateral deficiencies, the risk rating of the loan and economic conditions affecting the borrower’s industry, among other things. If a loan is impaired, a portion of the allowance is allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value (less estimated costs to sell) of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless the principal amount is deemed fully collectible, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. When recognition of interest income on a cash basis is appropriate, the amount of income recognized is limited to what would have been accrued on the remaining principal balance at the contractual rate. Cash payments received over this limit, and not applied to reduce the loans remaining principal balance, are recorded as recoveries of prior charge-offs until these charge-offs have been fully recovered.

At December 31, 2017, the allowance for loan losses was $9,731 compared to $9,082 at December 31, 2016. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans was 1.26% at December 31, 2017 and 1.36% at December 31, 2016. The allowance was adjusted upward from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017. This increase in our allowance for loan losses is directly attributable to our loan growth. Charge-off and general economic activity has continued to improve for our area and our customers.

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The following table sets forth the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the years presented.

Analysis of Changes in Allowance for Loan Losses

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

  

2014

  

2013

 
                     

Beginning Balance, January 1

 $9,082  $7,823  $7,353  $8,530  $7,760 

Loans charged off:

                    

Commerical, industrial and agricultural

  (976)  (84)  -   (9)  (41)

Real estate:

                    

1-4 family residential

  (14)  (25)  -   -   (53)

1-4 family HELOC

  -   -   (6)  -   (143)

Multifamily and commercial real estate

  -   -   -   -   - 

Construction, land development and farmland

  (45)  -   -   -   - 

Consumer

  (36)  -   (35)  (120)  (16)

Other

  -   (36)  -   (11)  - 

Total loans charged off

  (1,071)  (145)  (41)  (140)  (253)

Recoveries on loans previously charged off:

                    

Commerical, industrial and agricultural

  378   323   346   178   381 

Real estate

                    

1-4 family residential

  -   66   15   100   281 

1-4 family HELOC

  19   11   25   25   354 

Multifamily and commercial real estate

  -   18   388   49   105 

Construction, land development and farmland

  5   6   7   111   250 

Consumer

  2   12   -   -   1 

Other

  -   -   -   -   1 

Total loan recoveries

  404   436   781   463   1,373 

Net recoveries (charge-offs)

  (667)  291   740   323   1,120 

Provision for loan losses

  1,316   968   (270)  (1,500)  (350)

Total allowance, December 31

 $9,731  $9,082  $7,823  $7,353  $8,530 

Gross loans at end of period (1)

 $772,450  $667,408  $617,497  $317,225  $286,620 

Average gross loans (1)

 $714,982  $640,592  $517,148  $293,195  $283,276 

Allowance to total loans

  1.26%  1.36%  1.27%  2.32%  2.98%

Net charge offs (recoveries) to average loans

  0.09%  -0.05%  -0.14%  -0.11%  -0.40%

(1)

Loan balances exclude loans held for sale

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Table of Contents

While no portion of the allowance is in any way restricted to any individual loan or group of loans, and the entire allowance is available to absorb losses from any and all loans, the following table summarizes our allocation of allowance for loan losses by loan category and loans in each category as a percentage of total loans, for the years presented.

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 
      

% of

  

% of Loan

      

% of

  

% of Loan

      

% of

  

% of Loan

 
      

Allowance

  

Type to

      

Allowance

  

Type to

      

Allowance

  

Type to

 
  

Amount

  

To Total

  

Total Loans

  

Amount

  

To Total

  

Total Loans

  

Amount

  

To Total

  

Total Loans

 
                                     

Commerical, industrial and agricultural

 $2,538   26.1%  18.0% $2,432   26.8%  20.1% $2,198   28.1%  23.3%

Real estate:

                                    

1-4 family residential

  773   7.9%  14.4%  1,178   13.0%  16.9%  1,214   15.5%  17.9%

1-4 family HELOC

  595   6.1%  9.3%  704   7.8%  8.6%  699   8.9%  8.0%

Multifamily and commercial real estate

  3,166   32.6%  33.8%  2,737   30.1%  32.3%  2,591   33.1%  32.8%

Construction, land development and farmland

  2,434   25.0%  20.3%  1,786   19.7%  17.4%  894   11.4%  14.6%

Consumer

  183   1.9%  2.3%  208   2.3%  2.6%  192   2.5%  2.5%

Other

  42   0.4%  1.9%  37   0.3%  2.1%  35   0.5%  0.9%

Unallocated

  -   0.0%  0.0%  -   0.0%  0.0%  -   0.0%  0.0%
  $9,731   100.0%  100.0% $9,082   100.0%  1773.1% $7,823   100.0%  100.0%

  

2014

  

2013

 
      

% of

  

% of Loan

      

% of

  

% of Loan

 
      

Allowance

  

Type to

      

Allowance

  

Type to

 
  

Amount

  

To Total

  

Total Loans

  

Amount

  

To Total

  

Total Loans

 
                         

Commerical, industrial and agricultural

 $2,184   29.7%  25.5% $2,138   25.1%  29.6%

Real estate:

                        

1-4 family residential

  642   8.7%  13.0%  1,071   12.6%  13.5%

1-4 family HELOC

  854   11.6%  10.4%  865   10.1%  12.3%

Multifamily and commercial real estate

  2,070   28.2%  35.6%  1,581   18.5%  31.9%

Construction, land development and farmland

  742   10.1%  11.7%  553   6.5%  9.7%

Consumer

  181   2.5%  3.7%  257   3.0%  2.9%

Other

  2   0.0%  0.1%  13   0.2%  0.1%

Unallocated

  678   9.2%  0.0%  2,052   24.0%  0.0%
  $7,353   100.0%  100.0% $8,530   100.0%  100.0%

Nonperforming Assets

Non-performing assets consist of non-performing loans plus real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure. Non-performing loans by definition consist of non-accrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest. When we place a loan on non-accrual status, interest accruals cease and uncollected interest is reversed and charged against current income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis, or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

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The following table provides information with respect to the Company’s non-performing assets.

  

December 31,

 
  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

  

2014

  

2013

 
                     

Non-accrual loans

 $5,161  $5,634  $5,004  $2,625  $3,570 

Past due loans 90 days or more and still accruing interest

  -   -   -   -   - 

Restructured loans

  2,170   2,953   1,706   6,192   5,455 

Total non-performing loans

  7,331   8,587   6,710   8,817   9,025 

Other real estate

  -   -   1,149   1,204   1,375 

Total non-performing assets

 $7,331  $8,587  $7,859  $10,021  $10,400 

Total non-performing loans as a percentage of total loans

  0.95%  1.29%  1.09%  2.78%  3.15%

Total non-performing assets as a percentage of total assets

  0.65%  0.94%  0.90%  2.23%  2.70%

Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of non-performing loans

  132.74%  105.76%  116.59%  83.40%  94.52%

Investment Securities and Other Earning Assets

The investment securities portfolio is intended to provide the CompanyBank with adequate liquidity, meet customer collateral needs, and provide flexible asset/liability management and a source of stable income. The portfolio is structured with minimal credit exposure to the Company and consists of securities classified as available-for-sale. All available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value and may be used for liquidity purposes should management deem it to be in our best interest. Unrealized gains and losses on this portfolio are excluded from earnings, but are reported as other comprehensive income in a separate component of stockholders’ equity, net of income tax. Premium amortization and discount accretion are recognized as adjustments to interest income using the interest method. Realized gains or losses on sales are based on the net proceeds and the adjusted carrying value amount of the securities sold using the specific identification method.

Securities are a component

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Table of the Company’s earning assets. Contents
Securities totaled $220,201$256,653 at December 31, 2017. This represents2020, a 50.0% increase1.4% decrease from the December 31, 20162019 total of $146,813. The increase is attributable$260,293. During 2020, the Company restructured its investment portfolio which included selling those securities obtained in the FABK and TCB transactions. These proceeds were utilized to purchasing $95,430 securities available for sale during the year ended December 31, 2017, offset by sales, principal paydowns and maturities of $25,451 during the same period.

Restricted equity securities totaled $7,774 at December 31, 2017. This represents a 9.0% increase from the December 31, 2016 total of $7,133. Restricted securities consist of Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock.

fund loan growth.
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Table of Contents

The following table shows summarizes the Company’s investments’investment portfolio at amortized cost and fair value, aggregated by investment category for the periods presented:

  

December 31, 2017

  

December 31, 2016

  

December 31, 2015

 
  

Amortized

Cost

  

Fair

Value

  

% of

Total

  

Amortized

Cost

  

Fair

Value

  

% of

Total

  

Amortized

Cost

  

Fair

Value

  

% of

Total

 

U.S.Treasury and other U.S. government agencies

 $17,339   17,288   7.85% $1,909   1,908   1.30% $4,918   4,836   3.61%

State and municipal

  189,576   191,752   87.08%  122,813   119,634   81.49%  86,604   87,595   65.46%

Corporate bonds

  1,500   1,492   0.68%  2,000   1,987   1.35%  2,000   1,979   1.48%

Mortgage backed securities

  6,262   6,169   2.80%  20,197   20,034   13.65%  36,617   36,165   27.02%

Time deposits

  3,500   3,500   1.59%  3,250   3,250   2.21%  3,250   3,250   2.43%

Total

 $218,177   220,201   100.00% $150,169   146,813   100.00% $133,389   133,825   100.00%

December 31, 2020December 31, 2019December 31, 2018
Amortized CostFair Value% of TotalAmortized CostFair Value% of TotalAmortized CostFair Value% of Total
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government agencies$47 $48 0.02 %$59 $59 0.02 %$568 $554 0.19 %
State and municipal184,102 200,988 78.31 %186,283 196,660 75.56 %232,589 229,298 77.38 %
Corporate bonds23,750 24,113 9.40 %7,880 7,845 3.01 %3,130 3,017 1.02 %
Mortgage-backed securities28,084 28,442 11.08 %38,126 37,761 14.51 %32,172 31,958 10.78 %
Asset-backed securities3,083 3,062 1.19 %18,374 17,968 6.90 %28,635 27,996 9.45 %
Time deposits— — — %— — — %3,500 3,500 1.18 %
Total$239,066 $256,653 100.00 %$250,722 $260,293 100.00 %$300,594 $296,323 100.00 %
The table below summarizes the maturitiesmaturities and tax-equivalent yield characteristics of the Company’s available-for-sale securities portfolio as of December 31, 2017. Expected2020. This maturity schedule excludes security prepayment and call features.
One year or lessOver one year through five yearsOver five year through ten yearsOver ten yearsTotal
Fair ValueYieldFair ValueYieldFair ValueYieldFair ValueYieldFair ValueYield
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government agencies$— — %$48 2.03 %$— — %$— — %$48 2.03 %
State and municipal— — %85 5.54 %8,969 4.11 %191,934 3.77 %200,988 3.79 %
Corporate bonds— — %2,010 4.25 %21,103 4.81 %1,000 5.00 %24,113 4.77 %
Mortgage-backed securities— — %13,990 4.13 %8,867 3.06 %5,585 3.71 %28,442 3.72 %
Asset-backed securities— — %359 2.29 %729 1.71 %1,974 1.73 %3,062 1.79 %
Total$— — %$16,492 4.11 %$39,668 4.20 %$200,493 3.76 %$256,653 3.85 %
Loans Held For Investment
Lending-related income is the most important component of our net interest income and is a major contributor to profitability. The loan portfolio is the largest component of earning assets, and it therefore generates the largest portion of revenues. As previously discussed, the competition for quality loans in our markets has remained intense. Our goal is to steadily grow our loan portfolio, focusing on quality. This is not always possible for various factors, including but not limited to, scheduled maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

  

One year or less

  

Over one year

through five years

  

Over five year

through ten years

  

Over ten years

  

Total

 
  

Fair

Value

  

Yield

  

Fair

Value

  

Yield

  

Fair

Value

  

Yield

  

Fair

Value

  

Yield

  

Fair

Value

  

Yield

 
                                         

U.S.Treasury and other U.S. government agencies

 $-   -  $646   2.20% $1,273   2.02% $15,369   2.29% $17,288   2.27%

State and municipal

  4,443   2.96%  8,572   2.67%  10,074   3.66%  168,663   4.40%  191,752   4.25%

Corporate bonds

  501   2.37%  991   2.01%  -   -   -   -   1,492   2.13%

Mortgage backed securities

  18   1.55%  1,770   2.33%  1,415   1.76%  2,966   2.10%  6,169   2.08%

Time deposits

  -   -   3,500   2.19%  -   -   -   -   3,500   2.19%

Total

 $4,962   2.72% $15,479   2.44% $12,762   3.02% $186,998   3.95% $220,201   3.98%

Securities pledgedearly payoffs exceeding new loan volume. Early payoffs typically increase in lowering rate environments as customers identify advantageous opportunities for refinancing. Total loans held for investment, net, at December 31, 20172020, and 2016 hadDecember 31, 2019, were $2,280,147 and $1,397,374, respectively, an increase of 63.2%.

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The table below provides a carrying amountsummary of $78,220the loan portfolio composition for the dates noted (including PCI loans).
December 31,
202020192018
AmountPercentAmountPercentAmountPercent
Commerical, Industrial and Agricultural$459,739 19.9 %$245,515 17.4 %$213,850 17.4 %
Real Estate:
1-4 Family Residential323,473 14.0 %227,529 16.2 %225,863 18.3 %
1-4 Family HELOC100,525 4.4 %96,228 6.8 %88,112 7.2 %
Multifamily and Commercial834,000 36.2 %536,845 38.1 %447,840 36.4 %
Construction, Land Development and Farmland365,058 15.8 %273,872 19.4 %220,801 17.9 %
Consumer213,863 9.3 %16,855 1.2 %20,495 1.7 %
Other8,669 0.4 %13,180 0.9 %14,106 1.1 %
2,305,327 100.0 %1,410,024 100.0 %1,231,067 100.0 %
Less:
Deferred loan fees (cost)4,544 72 (9)
ALL20,636 12,578 10,892 
Loans, net$2,280,147 $1,397,374 $1,220,184 
 As of December 31,
 20172016
 AmountPercentAmountPercent
Commerical, Industrial and Agricultural$138,706 18.0 %$134,404 20.1 %
Real Estate:
1-4 Family Residential111,932 14.4 %113,031 16.9 %
1-4 Family HELOC72,017 9.3 %57,460 8.6 %
Multifamily and Commercial261,044 33.8 %215,639 32.3 %
Construction, Land Development and Farmland156,452 20.3 %115,889 17.4 %
Consumer17,605 2.3 %17,240 2.6 %
Other14,694 1.9 %13,745 2.1 %
772,450 100.0 %667,408 100.0 %
Less:
Deferred loan fees (cost)231 625 
ALL9,731 9,082 
Loans, net$762,488 $657,701 

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The table below provides a summary of PCI loans held for investment as of December 31, 2020, and $36,292December 31, 2019:
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$919 $— 
Real Estate:
    1-4 Family Residential1,004 231 
    1-4 Family HELOC19 — 
    Multifamily and Commercial1,325 217 
    Construction, Land Development and Farmland992 1,021 
Consumer1,924 — 
Total gross PCI loans6,183 1,469 
Less:
    Remaining purchase discount2,596 246 
    Allowance for possible loan losses— — 
Loans, net$3,587 $1,223 
Commercial loans consist of commercial and were pledgedindustrial loans made to secure public depositsU.S.-domiciled customers. These include loans used for working capital needs, equipment purchases or other expansionary projects. Commercial loans held for investment of $459,739 at December 31, 2020, increased 87.3% compared to $245,515 as of December 31, 2019.
Real estate loans comprised 70% of the loans held for investment portfolio at December 31, 2020. Residential loans included in this category consist mainly of closed-end loans secured by first and repurchase agreements.

second liens that are not held for sale and revolving, open-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties extended under home equity lines of credit. The Company increased the residential portfolio 31.0% from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020. Commercial loans included in the real estate category above include (in typical order of prominence) loans secured by non-owner-occupied nonfarm nonresidential properties, loans secured by owner-occupied nonfarm nonresidential properties, and loans secured by multi-family residential properties. Multi-family and commercial real estate loans of $834,000 at December 31, 2020, increased 55.4% compared to $536,845 as of December 31, 2019. Real estate construction loans consist of 1-4 family residential construction loans, other construction loans, land loans, and loans secured by farmland. Construction lending also increased 33.3% from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020, based on a strong local economy.

Consumer loans consist of loans to individuals for household, family, and other personal expenditures under revolving credit plans and other consumer loans. Our consumer loans held for investment experienced an increase from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020, of 1,168.8%.

Other loans consist mainly of loans to states and political subdivisions and loans to other depository institutions and experienced a 34.2% decrease from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020.
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Loan repayments are significant source of liquidity for the Bank. The following table sets forth the loans maturing within specific intervals at December 31, 2020, excluding unearned net fees and costs.
One Year or LessOne to Five YearsOver Five YearsTotal
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$67,717 $287,168 $104,854 $459,739 
Real Estate:
1-4 Family Residential29,040 117,819 176,614 323,473 
1-4 Family HELOC4,378 21,241 74,906 100,525 
Multifamily and Commercial64,839 407,954 361,207 834,000 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland123,049 196,123 45,886 365,058 
Consumer6,655 12,929 194,279 213,863 
Other546 3,232 4,891 8,669 
Total$296,224 $1,046,466 $962,637 $2,305,327 
Fixed interest rate$109,156 $842,023 $385,458 $1,336,637 
Variable interest rate187,068 204,443 577,179 968,690 
Total$296,224 $1,046,466 $962,637 $2,305,327 
The information presented in the above table is based upon the contractual maturities of the individual loans including those which may be subject to renewal at their contractual maturity. Renewal is subject to review and credit approval, as well as modification of terms upon their maturity. Consequently, we believe this treatment presents fairly the structure of the loan portfolio.

ALL

At December 31, 20172020, the ALL was $20,636 compared to $12,578 at December 31, 2019. The ALL as a percentage of total loans was 0.90% at December 31, 2020 and 2016, there were no holdings0.89% at December 31, 2019. The ALL was adjusted upward from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020, due to loan growth and economic concerns over the COVID-19 pandemic. Loan charge-offs continue to be minimal.

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Table of securitiesContents
The following table sets forth the activity in ALL for the years presented.

Analysis of Changes in Allowance for Loan Losses
20202019201820172016
Beginning Balance, January 1$12,578 $10,892 $9,731 $9,082 $7,823 
Loans charged off:
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural(521)(396)(381)(976)(84)
Real Estate:
    1-4 Family Residential(86)(29)(36)(14)(25)
    1-4 Family HELOC(98)— (6)— — 
    Multifamily and Commercial— — (76)— — 
    Construction, Land Development and Farmland(114)(60)(215)(45)— 
Consumer(705)(50)(26)(36)— 
Other— (35)(47)— (36)
Total loans charged off(1,524)(570)(787)(1,071)(145)
Recoveries on loans previously charged off:
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural187 393 590 378 323 
Real estate:
    1-4 Family Residential774 225 12 — 66 
    1-4 Family HELOC20 12 10 19 11 
    Multifamily and Commercial29 65 221 — 18 
    Construction, Land Development and Farmland56 — 44 
Consumer166 51 34 12 
Other— 299 — — 
Total loan recoveries1,232 1,045 913 404 436 
Net (charge-offs) recoveries(292)475 126 (667)291 
Provision for loan losses8,350 1,211 1,035 1,316 968 
Total allowance at end of period$20,636 $12,578 $10,892 $9,731 $9,082 
Gross loans at end of period (1)$2,305,327$1,410,024$1,231,067$772,450$667,408
Average gross loans (1)$2,149,447$1,298,922$1,138,946$714,982$640,592
Allowance to total loans0.90 %0.89 %0.88 %1.26 %1.36 %
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average gross loans0.01 %(0.04)%(0.01)%0.09 %(0.05)%
(1) Loan balances exclude loans held for sale. 

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The following table summarizes the ALL by category and loans held for investment in each category as a percentage of total loans, for the years presented.
 December 31, 2020December 31, 2019December 31, 2018
Amount% of
Allowance
To Total
% of Loan
Type to
Total Loans
Amount% of
Allowance
To Total
% of Loan
Type to
Total Loans
Amount% of
Allowance
To Total
% of Loan
Type to
Total Loans
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$5,441 26.4 %19.9 %$2,529 20.1 %17.4 %$1,751 16.1 %17.4 %
Real Estate:
1-4 Family Residential2,445 11.8 %14.0 %1,280 10.2 %16.2 %1,333 12.2 %18.3 %
1-4 Family HELOC1,416 6.9 %4.4 %624 5.0 %6.8 %656 6.0 %7.2 %
Multifamily and Commercial8,535 41.4 %36.2 %5,285 42.0 %38.1 %4,429 40.6 %36.4 %
Construction, Land Development and Farmland1,841 8.9 %15.8 %2,649 21.0 %19.4 %2,500 23.0 %17.9 %
Consumer928 4.5 %9.3 %177 1.4 %1.2 %184 1.7 %1.7 %
Other30 0.1 %0.4 %34 0.3 %0.9 %39 0.4 %1.1 %
 $20,636 100.0 %100.0 %$12,578 100.0 %100.0 %$10,892 100.0 %100.0 %
 December 31, 2017December 31, 2016
Amount% of
Allowance
To Total
% of Loan
Type to
Total Loans
Amount% of
Allowance
To Total
% of Loan
Type to
Total Loans
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$2,538 26.1 %18.0 %$2,432 26.8 %20.1 %
Real Estate:
1-4 Family Residential773 7.9 %14.4 %1,178 13.0 %16.9 %
1-4 Family HELOC595 6.1 %9.3 %704 7.8 %8.6 %
Multifamily and Commercial3,166 32.5 %33.8 %2,737 30.1 %32.3 %
Construction, Land Development and Farmland2,434 25.0 %20.3 %1,786 19.7 %17.4 %
Consumer183 1.9 %2.3 %208 2.3 %2.6 %
Other42 0.5 %1.9 %37 0.3 %2.1 %
 $9,731 100.0 %100.0 %$9,082 100.0 %100.0 %
Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets consist of nonperforming loans plus real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure as well as any one issuer, other than U.S. government-sponsored entitiesretired branches and agencies, in an amount greater than 10%repossessed collateral. Nonperforming loans by definition consist of stockholders’ equity.

nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest. When we place a loan on nonaccrual status, interest accruals cease, and uncollected interest is reversed and charged against current income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis, or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual.


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The following table provides information with respect to the Company’s nonperforming assets.
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019December 31, 2018December 31, 2017December 31, 2016
Nonaccrual loans$5,986 $4,071 $4,194 $5,161 $5,634 
Past due loans 90 days or more and still accruing interest64 — — 
Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDRs")2,588 1,799 2,469 2,170 2,953 
Total nonperforming loans8,575 5,934 6,669 7,331 8,587 
Other real estate ("OREO")1,246 750 1,000 — — 
Repossessed Collateral1,424 — — — — 
Total nonperforming assets$11,244 $6,684 $7,669 $7,331 $8,587 
Total nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans0.37 %0.42 %0.54 %0.95 %1.29 %
Total nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets0.37 %0.35 %0.44 %0.65 %0.94 %
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans240.66 %211.96 %163.32 %132.74 %105.76 %
Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment, net, totaled $9,790$31,462 at December 31, 20172020 compared to $9,093$21,064 at December 31, 2016,2019, a net increase of $697$10,398 or 7.7%49.4%. Asset purchases amounted to approximately $1,766$2,873 during the year ended 2017December 31, 2020 while related depreciation expense amounted to $1,017. $2,867. Please refer to" Item 2, Properties" for additional information.

Deposits
At December 31, 2017, we operated from eight retail banking locations as well as two stand-alone mortgage loan production offices and two commercial loan and deposit production offices. Two2020, total deposits were $2,579 million, an increase of our bank branch locations, including our main office, are in Brentwood, Tennessee. Our other six bank branch locations are in Franklin, Springfield, Gallatin, and Nashville, Tennessee. Our commercial loan and deposit production offices are in Murfreesboro and Chattanooga, Tennessee. As of$995 million, or 62.8%, compared to $1,584 million at December 31, 2017 our mortgage loan production offices were located in Hendersonville and Brentwood, Tennessee, as well as Timonium, Maryland.2019. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company transitioned most of it out-of-market branches to another bank.

50

Deposits

Deposits represent the Company’s largest source of funds. The Company competes with other bank and nonbank institutions for deposits, as well as with a growing number of non-deposit investment alternatives available to depositors such as money market funds and other brokerage investment products. Challenges to deposit growth include price changes on deposit products given movements in the interest rate environment and other competitive pricing pressures, and customer preferences regarding higher-costing deposit products or non-deposit investment alternatives.

At December 31, 2017, total deposits were $883,519, an increase of $119,685, or 15.7%, compared to $763,834 at December 31, 2016. During the year ended December 31, 2017,2020, we increased interest bearingnoninterest-bearing deposits by $315 million or 120.7%, interest-bearing demand deposits decreasedincreased by $2.8$198 million, or 3.2%129.4%, increased savings and money market deposits increased by $21.4$448 million, or 11.7%109.7% and increased time deposits increased by $98.3$34 million, or 27.3%, while non-interest bearing demand4.5%. While a majority of our deposit growth is driven by our acquisition activity, we did increase total deposits decreased $2.8$224 million, or 2.1%. A substantial portion of the increase in the time deposits is attributable to our marketing campaign in August 2017.14%, through organic measures. We are continuing to focus on growth of our non-interest bearingnoninterest-bearing deposits and using alternative sources of funds to better manage our cost of funds. As of December 31, 2017, non-interest bearing2020, noninterest-bearing deposits represent 14.9%22% of total deposits.

The average amounts for deposits for 2017, 20162020, 2019 and 20152018 are detailed in the following schedule (in thousands, except for percentages).

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 
  

Average

Balance

  

Average Rate

  

Average

Balance

  

Average Rate

  

Average

Balance

  

Average Rate

 
                         

Non-interest-bearing deposits

 $134,408   0.00% $127,619   0.00% $83,731   0.00%

Interest bearing demand

  84,171   0.21%  88,775   0.21%  88,857   0.21%

Savings and money market

  196,939   0.38%  186,473   0.34%  158,670   0.29%

Time deposits-retail

  319,456   0.98%  159,351   0.70%  116,364   0.76%

Time deposits-wholesale

  88,114   1.10%  102,626   0.70%  95,719   0.56%
                         
  $823,088   0.61% $664,844   0.40% $543,341   0.38%

202020192018
Average BalanceAverage RateAverage BalanceAverage RateAverage BalanceAverage Rate
Noninterest-bearing deposits$466,334 — %$226,855 — %$218,867 — %
Interest-bearing demand258,657 0.30 %146,518 0.26 %146,717 0.25 %
Savings and money market707,023 0.67 %376,927 1.11 %349,986 0.74 %
Time deposits-retail656,945 1.19 %559,406 2.09 %531,780 1.58 %
Time deposits-wholesale229,769 1.77 %227,071 2.48 %90,510 1.77 %
Total deposits$2,318,728 0.73 %$1,536,777 1.42 %$1,337,860 0.96 %
The following table shows maturity of time deposits segmented by months to maturity and deposit amounts:
64

Table of $250,000 or more by category based on time remaining until maturity.

  

December 31,

 
  

2017

 

Three months or less

 $136,764 

Over three months through six months

  92,575 

Over six months through 12 months

  16,703 

Over one year through three years

  14,740 

Over three years through five years

  4,032 

Over five years

  - 

Total

 $264,814 

Contents

December 31, 2020
Time deposits of $100 and greaterTime deposits of less than $100Total
Three months or less$226,770 $38,961 $265,731 
Over three months through six months120,828 31,290 152,118 
Over six months through 12 months209,470 57,869 267,339 
Over one year through three years68,833 24,401 93,234 
Over three years through five years12,056 5,863 17,919 
Over five years— 
Total$637,957 $158,387 $796,344 
Market and Liquidity Risk Management

Our objective is to manage assets and liabilities to provide a satisfactory, consistent level of profitability within the framework of established liquidity, loan, investment, borrowing, and capital policies. Our Asset Liability Management Committee (ALCO) is charged with the responsibility of monitoring these policies, which are designed to ensure acceptable composition of asset/liability mix. Two critical areas of focus for ALCO are interest rate sensitivity and liquidity risk management.


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Interest Rate Sensitivity—Interest rate sensitivity refers to the responsiveness of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities to changes in market interest rates. In the normal course of business, we are exposed to market risk arising from fluctuations in interest rates. ALCO measures and evaluates the interest rate risk so that we can meet customer demands for various types of loans and deposits. ALCO determines the most appropriate amounts of on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet items to maximize long-term earnings and mitigate interest rate risk. Measurements we use to help us manage interest rate sensitivity include a gap analysis, an earnings simulation model and an economic value of equity model. These measurements are used in conjunction with competitive pricing analysis and are further described below.

Interest Rate Sensitivity Gap Analysis—The rate sensitive position, or gap, is the difference in the volume of rate-sensitive assets and liabilities, at a given time interval, including both floating rate instruments and instruments which are approaching maturity. The measurement of our interest rate sensitivity, or gap, is one of the three principal techniques we use in our asset/liability management effort.

Our policy is to have 12 and 24-month cumulative repricing gaps that do not exceed 15% of assets. We were in compliance with our policy as of December 31, 2017. Although we do monitor our gap on a periodic basis, we recognize the potential shortcomings of such a model. The static nature of the gap schedule makes it difficult to incorporate changes in behavior that are caused by changes in interest rates. Also, although the periods of estimated and contractual repricing are identified in the analysis, the extent of repricing is not modeled in the gap schedule (i.e. whether repricing is expected to move on a one-to-one or other basis in relationship to the market changes simulated). For these and other shortcomings, we rely more heavily on the earnings simulation model and the economic value of equity model discussed further below.

Earnings Simulation Model—We believe interest rate risk is effectively measured by our earnings simulation modeling. Earning assets, interest-bearing liabilities and off-balance sheet financial instruments are combined with simulated forecasts of interest rates for the next 12 months and 24 months. To limit interest rate risk, we have guidelines for our earnings at risk which seek to limit the variance of net interest income in instantaneous changes to interest rates. We also periodically monitor simulations based on various rate scenarios such as non-parallel shifts in market interest rates over time. For changes up or down in rates from a flat interest rate forecast over the next 12 and 24 months, our estimated change in net interest income as well as our policy limits are as follows:

Instantaneous,

Parallel Change in

Prevailing Interest

Rates Equal to

 

Estimated Change in Net Interest Income and Policy of Maximum Percentage

Decline in Net Interest Income

 
  

Next 12

  

Next 24

 
  

Months

  

Months

 
  

Estimate

  

Policy

  

Estimate

  

Policy

 

-200 bp

 -4.4%  -15%  -8.8%  -15% 

-100 bp

 -0.8%  -10%  -1.7%  -10% 

+100 bp

 -0.3%  -10%  -1.0%  -10% 

+200 bp

 -0.9%  -15%  -2.3%  -15% 

+300 bp

 -1.2%  -20%  -3.4%  -20% 

+400 bp

 -2.1%  -25%  -5.1%  -25% 

Instantaneous, Parallel Change in Prevailing Interest Rates Equal toEstimated Change in Net Interest Income and Policy of Maximum Percentage Decline in Net Interest Income
Next 12Next 24
MonthsMonths
EstimatePolicyEstimatePolicy
-200 bp(1.8)%(15)%(3.7)%(15)%
-100 bp(1.6)%(10)%(3.1)%(10)%
+100 bp1.8%(10)%4.7%(10)%
+200 bp4.2%(15)%9.2%(15)%
+300 bp7.0%(20)%14.0%(20)%
+400 bp9.9%(25)%19.0%(25)%
We were in compliance with the earnings simulation model policies monitored by the Bank as of December 31, 2017,2020, indicating what we believe to be a fairly neutral profile.

65

Economic value of equityOur economic value of equity model measures the extent that estimated economic values of our assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items will change as a result of interest rate changes. Economic values are determined by discounting expected cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items, which establishes a base case economic value of equity.


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To help monitor our related risk, we’ve have established the following policy limits regarding simulated changes in our economic value of equity:

Instantaneous, Parallel Change in Prevailing

Interest Rates Equal to

Maximum Percentage Decline in Economic Value of

Equity from the Economic Value of Equity at Currently

Prevailing Interest Rates

+100-200 bp

15%

25%

+200-100 bp

25%

15%

+300100 bp

30%

15%

+400200 bp

35%

25%

+300 bp

30%
+400 bp35%
Non-parallel shifts

35%

At December 31, 2017,2020, our model results indicated that we were within these policy limits.

Each of the above analyses may not, on its own, be an accurate indicator of how our net interest income will be affected by changes in interest rates. Income associated with interest-earning assets and costs associated with interest-bearing liabilities may not be affected uniformly by changes in interest rates. In addition, the magnitude and duration of changes in interest rates may have a significant impact on net interest income. For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods of repricing, they may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. Interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities fluctuate in advance of changes in general market rates, while interest rates on other types may lag behind changes in general market rates. In addition, certain assets, such as adjustable rate mortgage loans, have features (generally referred to as interest rate caps and floors) which limit changes in interest rates. Prepayment and early withdrawal levels also could deviate significantly from those assumed in calculating the maturity of certain instruments. The ability of many borrowers to service their debts also may decrease during periods of rising interest rates. Our ALCO reviews each of the above interest rate sensitivity analyses along with several different interest rate scenarios as part of its responsibility to provide a satisfactory, consistent level of profitability within the framework of established liquidity, loan, investment, borrowing, and capital policies. 


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Table of Contents

Interest Rate Sensitivity

The following schedule details the Company’s interest rate sensitivity at December 31, 2017:

      

Repricing Within

 
  

Total

  

1-90 days

  

3 months to

12 months

  

1 to 5 years

  

Over 5 years

 

Earning assets:

                    

Loans, net of unearned income (1)

 $767,289  $217,726  $66,180  $269,312  $214,071 

Available for sale securities

  220,201   18,203   1,191   10,334   190,473 

Mortgage loans held for sale

  45,322   37,726   -   -   7,596 

Deposits with banks

  17,305   17,305   -   -   - 

Federal funds sold and other

  171   171   -   -   - 
                     

Total earning assets

  1,050,288   291,131   67,371   279,646   412,141 
                     

Interest-bearing liabilities:

                    

Interest-bearing demand accounts

  88,230   88,230   -   -   - 

Savings and money market accounts

  205,230   205,230   -   -   - 

Time deposits

  458,063   190,041   186,405   81,617   - 

Federal funds purchased

  -   -   -   -   - 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

  96,747   85,500   6,000   1,373   3,874 
                     

Total interest-bearing liabilities

  848,270   569,001   192,405   82,990   3,874 
                     

Interest-sensitivity gap

 $202,018  $(277,870) $(125,034) $196,656  $408,266 
                     

Cumulative gap

     $(277,870) $(402,904) $(206,248) $202,018 
                     

Interest -sensitivity gap as % of total average assets

      -27.91%  -12.56%  19.76%  41.01%
                     

Cumulative gap as % of total average assets

      -27.91%  -40.48%  -20.72%  20.29%

(1) Loans, net of unearned income excludes non-accrual loans

Liquidity Risk ManagementThe purpose of liquidity risk management is to ensure that there are sufficient cash flows to satisfy loan demand, deposit withdrawals, and our other needs. Traditional sources of liquidity for a bank include asset maturities and growth in core deposits. A bank may achieve its desired liquidity objectives from the management of its assets and liabilities and by internally generated funding through its operations. Funds invested in marketable instruments that can be readily sold and the continuous maturing of other earning assets are sources of liquidity from an asset perspective. The liability base provides sources of liquidity through attraction of increased deposits and borrowing funds from various other institutions.

Changes in interest rates also affect our liquidity position. We currently price deposits in response to market rates and our management intends to continue this policy. If deposits are not priced in response to market rates, a loss of deposits could occur which would negatively affect our liquidity position.


Scheduled loan payments are a relatively stable source of funds, but loan payoffs and deposit flows fluctuate significantly, being influenced by interest rates, general economic conditions and competition. Additionally, debt security investments are subject to prepayment and call provisions that could accelerate their payoff prior to stated maturity. We attempt to price our deposit products to meet our asset/liability objectives consistent with local market conditions. Our ALCO is responsible for monitoring our ongoing liquidity needs. Our regulators also monitor our liquidity and capital resources on a periodic basis.


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Table of Contents

The Company has established a line of credit with the Federal Home BankFHLB of Cincinnati which is secured by a blanket pledge of cash deposits, 1-4 family residential mortgages, multi-family residential, home equity loans, and available-for-sale securities.

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Table of Contents
At December 31, 2017, Federal Home Loan Bank2020, FHLB advances totaled $96,747$10,000 compared to $32,287$10,737 as of December 31, 2016. The increase in FHLB advances was used to fund our growth in loans and securities.

At2019.

At December 31, 2017,2020, the scheduled maturities of these advances and interest rates were as follows (scheduled maturities will differ from scheduled repayments):

Scheduled Maturities

 

Amount

  

Weighted

Average

Rates

 
         

2018

 $91,500   1.52% 

2019

  -   0.00% 

2020

  -   0.00% 

2021

  409   2.73% 

2022

  964   1.22% 

Thereafter

  3,874   2.03% 
         
  $96,747   1.54% 

Scheduled MaturitiesAmountWeighted Average Rates
2021$10,000 0.19%
2022— —%
2023— —%
2024— —%
2025— —%
Thereafter— —%
$10,000 0.19%

Capital

Stockholders

Shareholders’ equity was $140,137$321,973 at December 31, 2017,2020, an increase of $33,218,$98,220, or 31.1%43.9%, from $106,919$223,753 at December 31, 2016.2019. During the third quarter of 2017, the company issued 1,137,000 shares of common stock in a private offering raising $23.2 million net of expenses of which $20.0 million was pushed-down to the Bank. Additionally, the Company raised $823 of capital through the exercise of Company stock options during the yeartwelve months ended December 31, 2017. The additional capital for2020, the stock option exercisesCompany completed the TCB Holdings Transaction which increased shareholders' equity $18,041 and a portionthe FABK Transaction which increased shareholders' equity $51,915. Net income of $31,412 and other comprehensive income of $1,162 also contributed to the proceedsincrease. This increase was primarily offset by dividends declared of $6,227. Contributions from the private placement was pushed-down tononcontrolling interest of $299 were recognized in the Bank and when combined with the accretion of earnings to capital partially offsettwelve months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in shareholders' equity mitigated by the declared dividends andgrowth in the increase inBank's assets led to an increase in the Bank’s December 31, 20172020 Tier 1 leverage ratio to 11.68%10.64% compared with 10.75%10.30% at December 31, 2016 (see2019. See other ratios discussed further below). Common dividendsbelow. Additionally, the subordinated debentures qualify as Tier 1 and Total risk-based capital for the Company due to asset size at the time of $2,024 (declared throughoutissuance.
On December 4, 2018, the year) were paid duringCompany announced that its board of directors has authorized a stock repurchase plan pursuant to which the year andCompany may purchase up to $12 million of shares of the first quarter of 2018. An additional $145 was paidCompany’s outstanding common stock, par value $1.00 per share. Stock repurchases under the plan will be made from time to time in the first quarteropen market or privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise, at the discretion of 2018 due tomanagement of the shares issued asCompany and in accordance with applicable legal requirements. As part of this plan, the merger. Company purchased 365,931 shares for $8,291 during 2019.

On March 10, 2020, the Company announced that its board of directors has authorized the Repurchase Plan. As of December 31, 2016,2020, Reliant Bancorp had not repurchased any shares of Reliant Bancorp common dividendsstock under the Repurchase Plan. On April 27, 2020, we announced that our board of $1,711 were declareddirectors suspended the Repurchase Plan to be paidpreserve our financial strength during the first quarter of 2017.

this challenging economic environment. The Repurchase Plan expired on December 31, 2020.


On July 14, 2017,August 24, 2020, the Company filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3 registration statement to offer, issue and sell from time to time in one or more offerings any combination of (i) common stock, (ii) preferred stock, (iii) debt securities, (iv) depositarydepository shares, (v) warrants, and (vi) units, (vii) purchase contracts, and (viii) rights, up to a maximum aggregate offering price of $75,000,000.$100,000. The net proceeds from any offering will be used for general corporate purposes including acquisitions,repayment of debt or payment of interest thereon, capital expenditures, acquisitions, investments, and the repayment, redemption, or refinancing of any indebtedness or other securities.purposes that we may specify in any prospectus supplement. Until allocated to such purposes, it is expected that we will invest any proceeds in short-term, interest-bearing instruments or other investment-grade securities.

securities

Banks as regulated institutions are required to meetmaintain certain levels of capital. The Federal Reserve Board of Governors, the primary federal regulator for the Bank, has adopted minimum capital regulations or guidelines that categorize capital components and the level of risk associated with various types of assets. Financial institutions are expected to maintain a level of capital commensurate with the risk profile assigned to their assets in accordance with theapplicable regulations and guidelines. We regularly review our capital adequacy to ensure compliance with these regulations and guidelines and to help ensure that sufficient capital is available for current and future needs. It is management’smanagement’s intent to maintain an optimal capital and leverage mix for growth and for shareholder return.

returns.
55
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Table of Contents


Prompt corrective action regulations provide five bank capital classifications: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized, although these terms are not used to represent overall financial condition. If adequately capitalized, regulatory approval is required to accept brokered deposits. If undercapitalized, capital distributions are limited, as is asset growth and expansion, and capital restoration plans are required. At September 30, 2017,December 31, 2020, the most recent regulatory notifications categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since thatthese notifications that management believes have changed the institution’s category. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the institution’s category.

Under these rules, the leverage and risk-based capital ratios of bank holding companies may not be lower than the leverage and risk-based capital ratios for insured depository institutions. The final rules implementing Basel III became effective on January 1, 2015, and include new minimum risk-based capital and leverage ratios and a new common equity tier 1 ratio. In addition, these rules refine the definition of what constitutes capital for purposes of calculating those ratios, including the definitions of Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital.

Basel III establishes a “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% which began phasing in on January 1, 2016, at a rate of .625% per year. The buffer becomes fully phased in on January 1, 2019. An institution is subject to limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses if capital levels fall below minimum levels plus the buffer.


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Table of Contents

Actual and required capital amounts and ratios are presented below as of December 31, 20172020 and December 31, 20162019 for Reliant Bancorp and the CompanyBank.

 Actual
Regulatory
Capital
Minimal Capital AdequacyMinimum Required
Capital Including
Capital Conservation
Buffer
To Be Well
Capitalized Under
Prompt Corrective
Action Provisions
 AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatio
December 31, 2020      
Company      
Tier I leverage$262,282 8.91 %$117,747 4.00 %$117,747 4.000 %$147,184 5.00 %
Common equity Tier 1250,513 10.22 %110,304 4.50 %171,584 7.000 %159,328 6.50 %
Tier I risk-based capital262,282 10.70 %147,074 6.00 %208,355 8.500 %196,099 8.00 %
Total risk-based capital342,246 13.96 %196,130 8.00 %257,420 10.500 %245,162 10.00 %
Bank
Tier I leverage$313,633 10.64 %$117,907 4.00 %$117,907 4.000 %$147,384 5.00 %
Common equity Tier 1313,633 12.83 %110,004 4.50 %171,117 7.000 %158,894 6.50 %
Tier I risk-based capital313,633 12.83 %146,672 6.00 %207,785 8.500 %195,562 8.00 %
Total risk-based capital334,919 13.71 %195,430 8.00 %256,503 10.500 %244,288 10.00 %
December 31, 2019      
Company     
Tier I leverage$176,748 9.74 %N/A— %$72,586 4.000 %$90,733 5.00 %
Common equity Tier 1165,063 10.55 %N/A— %109,520 7.000 %101,698 6.50 %
Tier I risk-based capital176,748 11.30 %N/A— %132,952 8.500 %125,131 8.00 %
Total risk-based capital249,751 15.97 %N/A— %164,207 10.500 %156,388 10.00 %
Bank
Tier I leverage$186,734 10.30 %N/A— %$72,518 4.000 %$90,648 5.00 %
Common equity Tier 1186,734 11.95 %N/A— %109,384 7.000 %101,571 6.50 %
Tier I risk-based capital186,734 11.95 %N/A— %132,823 8.500 %125,010 8.00 %
Total risk-based capital199,737 12.79 %N/A— %163,975 10.500 %156,167 10.00 %

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This Annual Report contains certain financial measures that are considered "non-GAAP financial measures" and Bank.

  

Actual Regulatory Capital

  

For Capital Adequacy Purposes

  

To Be Well Capitalized

Under Prompt Corrective

Action Provisions

 
  

Amount

  

Ratio

  

Amount

  

Ratio

  

Amount

  

Ratio

 

December 31, 2017

                        

Company

                        

Tier I leverage

 $126,234   11.89% $42,467   4.000% $53,084   5.00%

Common equity Tier 1

  126,234   13.90%  52,219   5.750%  59,030   6.50%

Tier I risk-based capital

  126,234   13.90%  65,841   7.250%  72,653   8.00%

Total risk-based capital

  135,965   14.97%  84,013   9.250%  90,825   10.00%
                         

Bank

                        

Tier I leverage

 $123,862   11.68% $42,418   4.000% $53,023   5.00%

Common equity Tier 1

  123,862   13.67%  52,100   5.750%  58,896   6.50%

Tier I risk-based capital

  123,862   13.67%  65,691   7.250%  72,487   8.00%

Total risk-based capital

  133,593   14.74%  83,835   9.250%  90,633   10.00%
                         

December 31, 2016

                        

Company

                        

Tier I leverage

 $96,682   10.86% $35,610   4.000%  N/A   N/A 

Common equity Tier 1

  96,682   13.00%  38,115   5.125%  N/A   N/A 

Tier I risk-based capital

  96,682   13.00%  49,271   6.625%  N/A   N/A 

Total risk-based capital

  105,764   14.22%  64,150   8.625%  N/A   N/A 
                         

Bank

                        

Tier I leverage

 $95,637   10.75% $35,586   4.000% $44,482   5.00%

Common equity Tier 1

  95,637   12.88%  38,054   5.125%  48,264   6.50%

Tier I risk-based capital

  95,637   12.88%  49,192   6.625%  59,402   8.00%

Total risk-based capital

  104,719   14.10%  64,057   8.625%  74,269   10.00%

should be read along with the accompanying tables. Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company's financial performance, financial position, or cash flows that excludes (or includes) amounts that are included in (or excluded from) the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Management believes that non-GAAP financial measures provide a greater understanding of ongoing performance and operations and enhance comparability across periods. Non-GAAP financial measures should not, however, be considered as an alternative to any measure of performance or financial condition as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and readers should consider the
57
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Table of Contents

Contractual Obligations

The

Company’s performance and financial condition as reported under U.S. GAAP and all other relevant information when assessing the performance or financial condition of the Company. Non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools, and readers should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Company's results or financial condition as reported under U.S. GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures presented by the Company may not be comparable to non-GAAP financial measures (even those with the same or similar names) presented by other companies.

Company management uses, and believes that investors benefit from referring to, the following non-GAAP financial measures, among others, to assess the Company's operating results and trends: (i) tax-equivalent net interest income; (ii) adjusted net interest income; (iii) adjusted net interest margin; (iv) adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders; (v) adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders, per diluted share; (vi) adjusted return on average assets; (vii) adjusted return on average shareholders' equity; (viii) average tangible shareholders' equity; (ix) return on average tangible common equity (ROATCE); (x) adjusted ROATCE; and (xi) adjusted efficiency ratio. In the following table, summarizes our contractual obligationsthe Company has provided a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures.

Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019December 31,
2018
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
Adjusted net interest margin (1)(3)
Net interest income$108,046 $55,805 $53,811 
Fully tax-equivalent adjustments:
Loans$2,728 $1,278 $1,281 
Tax-exempt investment securities$1,444 $1,747 $1,788 
Tax-equivalent net interest income (1)(2)
$112,218 $58,831 $56,880 
Purchase accounting adjustments(12,545)(1,673)(1,993)
Adjusted net interest income (1)
$99,673 $57,158 $54,887 
Net interest margin (tax-equivalent basis)4.35 %3.54 %3.78 %
Adjusted net interest margin3.86 %3.44 %3.65 %
Adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders and related impact (1)
Net income attributable to common shareholders$31,412 $16,196 $14,085 
Merger expenses6,895 1,603 2,774 
Tax effect of adjustments to net income(1,607)(200)(725)
After tax adjustments to net income5,288 1,403 2,049 
Adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders36,700 17,599 16,134 
Net income attributable to common shareholders, per diluted share$2.02 $1.44 $1.23 
Adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders, per diluted share (1)
$2.36 $1.56 $1.41 
69

Table of Contents
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019December 31,
2018
Return on average:
Return on average assets1.13 %0.90 %0.86 %
Adjusted return on average assets (1)
1.32 %0.98 %0.98 %
Return on average shareholders' equity10.93 %7.54 %6.93 %
Adjusted return on average shareholders' equity (1)
12.77 %8.19 %7.94 %
Average tangible shareholders' equity: (1)
Average shareholders' equity$287,449 $214,897 $203,317 
Less: average goodwill52,092 43,642 43,552 
Less: average core deposit intangibles11,753 7,715 8,667 
Average tangible shareholders' equity$223,604 $163,541 $151,098 
Return on average tangible common equity (ROATCE) (1)
14.05 %9.90 %9.32 %
Adjusted ROATCE (1)
16.41 %10.76 %10.68 %
Adjusted Efficiency Ratio - Bank Segment
Operating Expense
Noninterest expense$68,234 $42,382 $41,512 
Less: Merger expenses(6,895)(1,603)(2,774)
Operating Expense$61,339 $40,779 $38,738 
Operating Revenue
Tax Equiv Net interest income (2)
$109,800 $58,278 $56,059 
Total noninterest income9,320 7,059 5,250 
Less: Loss (Gain) on sale of securities available for sale270 (1,451)(43)
Less: (Gain) Loss on sale of other real estate owned(28)(166)(259)
Less: (Gain) Loss on disposal of premises and equipment(31)— (13)
Operating Revenue$119,331 $63,720 $60,994 
Bank Segment Efficiency Ratio62.1 %72.7 %74.1 %
Adjusted Efficiency Ratio (1)(2)
51.4 %64.0 %63.5 %
(1) Not a recognized measure under U.S. GAAP.
(2) Amount includes tax equivalent adjustment to quantify the tax equivalent net interest income.
(3) Prior calculation of this ratio removed tax credits related to certain tax-preference-qualified loans and other commitments to make future payments (including commitments arising from the merger with Community First on January 1, 2018tax-exempt securities. The Company views these credits as normal course of business and leases signed subsequent to year end) as of December 31, 2017:

  

December 31, 2017

 
  

Total

  

Due in one year

or less

  

Due over one

year and through

three years

  

Due over three

years and

through five

years

  

Due over five

years

 

Deposits with maturities

 $612,298  $488,938  $104,822  $18,538  $- 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

  96,747   91,500   409   964   3,874 

Federal funds purchased

  -   -   -   -   - 

Lease commitments

  16,624   2,157   4,545   5,118   4,804 

Total

 $725,669  $582,595  $109,776  $24,620  $8,678 

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

Off-balance sheet arrangements generally consist of unused lines of credit and standby letters of credit. Such commitments were as follows (dollars in thousands):

  

December 31,

 
  

2017

 
     

Unused lines of credit

 $185,588 

Standby letters of credit

  13,176 

Total commitments

 $198,764 

such removal is unnecessary.


Emerging Growth Company Status

The Company is

On December 31, 2020, our status as an “emerging growth company,”company”, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and may taketerminated. As an “emerging growth company,” we took advantage of certain exemptions from various reportingsome reduced disclosure and other requirements that arewere otherwise applicable generally to public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. In addition, even if the Company complies with the greater obligations of public companies that are not emerging growth companies, the Company may avail itself of the reduced requirements applicable to emerging growth companies from time to time in the future, so long as the Company is an emerging growth company. The Company will remain an emerging growth company for an initial five year period, though it may cease to be an emerging growth company earlier under certain circumstances, including if, before the end of such five years, it is deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the rules of the SEC (which depends on, among other things, having a market value of common stock held by non-affiliates in excess of $700 million) or if total annual gross revenues equal or exceed $1.07 billion in a fiscal year. Management cannot predict if investors will find the Company’s common stock less attractive because it will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find the Company’s common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for its common stock and the Company’s stock price may be more volatile.

Further, the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected to take advantage of the extended transition period that allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies, which means that the financial statements included in this filing, as well as the financial statements we will file in the future, will be subject to all new or revised accounting standards generally applicable to private companies. As a result, the information that we will comply with new or revised accounting standardsprovided to our shareholders prior to this report may be different from the same extent that complianceinformation provided by other public reporting companies. With the filing of this report, we began providing the information required from “non-accelerated filers” and “smaller reporting companies” as each term is defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act in periodic reports required for non-public companies.

under the Exchange Act.
58
70

Table of Contents

Effects of Inflation and Changing Prices

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,U.S. GAAP, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the change in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. Unlike most industrial companies, virtually all of the assets and liabilities of a financial institution are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates generally have a more significant impact on the performance of a financial institution than the effects of general levels of inflation. Although interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services, increases in inflation generally have resulted in increased interest rates. In addition, inflation affects financial institutions’ increasedinstitutions’ cost of goods and services purchased, the cost of salaries and benefits, occupancy expense, and similar items. Inflation and related increases in interest rates generally decrease the market value of investments and loans held and may adversely affect liquidity, earnings, and shareholders’ equity. Commercial and other loan originations and refinancings tend to slow as interest rates increase and can reduce our earnings from such activities.

Impact of Recent Accounting Guidance

Please see Note"Note 1 - Summary of the consolidated financial statementsSignificant Accounting Policies" where we discuss the impact of recent accounting guidance.


59

Table of ContentsITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

ITEM 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

This item is included in “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” 

Please see headings: “Market and Liquidity Risk Management,” “Interest Rate Sensitivity” and “Effect of Inflation and Changing Prices.Prices” under “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The financial statements required by this Item are included as a separate section of this report commencing on page F-1.

ITEM 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

71

Table of Contents
ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Reliant Bancorp maintains disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act, which are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by it in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Reliant Bancorp’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Reliant Bancorp carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of December 31, 2017.2020. Based on the evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of December 31, 2017,2020, Reliant Bancorp’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.


60

Table of Contents

Management’sManagement’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The report of Reliant Bancorp, Inc.’sBancorp’s management on internal control over financial reporting is set forth on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting.

Changes in Internal Controls

There were no changes in Reliant Bancorp’s internal control over financial reporting during Reliant Bancorp’s fiscal quarter ended December 31, 20162020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Reliant Bancorp’s internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION

None.

61
72

Table of Contents

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information called for by this item is set forth in our definitive proxy statement relating to the 2021 annual meeting of shareholders (the “2021 Proxy Statement”), to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information called for by this item is set forth in our 2021 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The response to this item is incorporated by reference to the Company’s proxy statement for the 2018 annual meetingItem regarding security ownership of shareholders under the captions “Proposal One - Election of Directors,” “Information About the Directors,” “Information About the Executive Officers,” “Corporate Governancecertain beneficial owners and the Board of Directors”management will be included in, and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.”

ITEM 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The response to this item is incorporated by reference to, the proxy statement, under the captions “Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers” and “Director Compensation.”

ITEM 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The response to this item is incorporated by reference to the proxy statement for the 2018 annual meeting of shareholders,2021 Proxy Statement, under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.”

The following table summarizes the Company’sCompany’s equity compensation plan information as of December 31, 2017:

Plan category

 

Number of securities

to be issued upon

exercise of outstanding

options

 

Weighted average

exercise price of

outstanding options

 

Number of securities

remaining available

for future issuance

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

 170,761 14.48 1,140,236 (1)
       

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

 - - -

Total

 170,761 14.48 1,140,236

(1)

2020:

Plan categoryNumber of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of outstanding
options, warrants and rights
Weighted average
exercise price of
outstanding options, warrants and rights
Number of securities
remaining available
for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a))
(a)(b)(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders249,271$18.97935,945
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
Total249,271$18.97935,945
(a)Includes shares of common stock to be issued upon the exercise of outstanding restricted stock units.
(b)Excludes restricted stock units which do not have an exercise price.
(c)This number includes 434,186 securities available to be issued under the Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan. Although this plan will remain in effect until March 23, 2021, the Company has no intentions to issue new awards under the plan. Future awards are intended to be issued under the Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, under which the number of securities remaining available for future issuance is 501,759.

ITEM 13.     CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information called for by this item is set forth in our 2021 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

73

ITEM 14.     PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information called for by this item is set forth in our 2021 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.


PART IV
ITEM 15.     EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)    Documents filed as a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K  
(1) Financial statements    
The following consolidated financial statements of the Company are incorporated in this Item 15 by reference from Part II - Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(2)    Financial statement schedules
    All schedules have been omitted because they are either not applicable, not required or the information called for therein appears in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(3)    Exhibits
    See Item 15(b) of this Annual Report on Form 10-K
(b)    Exhibits
Incorporated by reference (File No. 001-37391, unless otherwise indicated)    
74

Exhibit
No.
Description
2.3*
3.1
3.2
4.1

4.2†
4.3The rights of securities holders are defined in the Charter and Bylaws provided in Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2
4.4
4.5
10.1#
10.2#
10.3†#
10.4#
10.5#
10.6#
10.7#
10.8#
10.9#
10.10#
10.11#
10.12#

ITEM 13.     CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The response to this item is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement, under the captions “Proposal One - Election of Directors” and “Related Party Transactions.”

ITEM 14.     PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The response to this item is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement, Item 2-Ratification of Auditor Appointment under the caption “Proposal Two - Ratification of Independent Registered Public Accountants.”  

62
75

PART IV

ITEM 15.     EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(1)     Financial Statements:

101.INS XBRL Instance Document † 
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document † 
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document † 
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document † 
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document † 
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document † 

*     The registrant has omitted schedules to the subject agreement pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The registrant will furnish a copy of any omitted schedule to the SEC upon request. 

†    Filed herewith

**    Furnished herewith

#    Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement

(c)    Schedules to the consolidated financial statements are includedomitted, as Item 8 of this Form 10-K beginning on Page F-1.

(2)     Financial Statement Schedules:

All schedules have been omitted because the required information is not required, not applicable, not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or is included in the financial statements or notes thereto.

(3)     Exhibits:

The exhibits filed as part of this report and incorporated herein by reference to other documents are listed on the Exhibit Index to this annual report on Form 10-K, immediately following the signatures.

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION TO BE FURNISHED WITH REPORTS FILED PURSUANT TO SECTION 15(d) OF THE ACT BY REGISTRANTS THAT HAVE NOT REGISTERED SECURITIES PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE ACT.

No annual report to security holders or proxy materials covering the Company’s last fiscal year have been sent as of the date of this report. If sent, copies of these materials will be furnished to the SEC when they are mailed to security holders. The annual report and proxy materials shall not be deemed to be “filed” with the SEC or otherwise subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the act.

applicable.

63
76

ITEM 16.    FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

77

SIGNATURES

In accordance with

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrantregistrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

authorized
.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

March 9, 2021By:

Date: March 16, 2018

By:

/s/ DeVan D. Ard, Jr.

DeVan D. Ard, Jr. 

Chairman, andChief Executive Officer, and President

(Principal Executive Officer)

KNOWN ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints DeVan Ard, Jr. and Jerry Cooksey, each of whom may act without joinder of the other, as their true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for such person and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

/s/    Homayoun Aminmadani        

March 16, 2018

Homayoun Aminmadani,

Director

Signature

TitleDate
/s/ DeVan D. Ard,

Jr.        
March 16, 2018

DeVan D. Ard,

Chairman President, and Chief Executive Officer

March 9, 2021
DeVan D. Ard, Jr.(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Jerry CookseyChief Financial OfficerMarch 9, 2021
Jerry Cooksey(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ Mark SeatonChief Accounting OfficerMarch 9, 2021
Mark Seaton(Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ Homayoun AminmadaniDirector  March 9, 2021
Homayoun Aminmadani
/s/ Charles Trimble Beasley

Director 

March 16, 2018

9, 2021

Charles Trimble (Trim) Beasley

Director

/s/    John Lewis Bourne

March 16, 2018

John Lewis (Buddy) Bourne,

Director

/s/ Robert E. DanielDirector  March 9, 2021
Robert E. Daniel
78

SignatureTitleDate
/s/ William R. DeBerry

Director  

March 16, 2018

9, 2021

William R. DeBerry

Director

/s/    J. Dan Dellinger

March 16, 2018

J. Dan Dellinger,

Chief Financial Officer

/s/ Sharon H. Edwards  

Director  
March 16, 20189, 2021

Sharon H. Edwards

Director

/s/    Farzin Ferdowsi      

March 16, 2018

Farzin Ferdowsi,

Director

/s/    Darrell S. Freeman

March 16, 2018

/s/ Darrell S. Freeman, Sr.,

Director

Director  

March 9, 2021
Darrell S. Freeman, Sr.

/s/ James Gilbert Hodges     Director  March 16, 20189, 2021

James Gilbert Hodges

Director

/s/    Louis E. Holloway        

William Lawson Mabry

Director  
March 16, 20189, 2021

Louis E. Holloway,

Director and Chief Operating Officer

William L Mabry

/s/    James R. Kelley     March 16, 2018

James R. Kelley,

Director

/s/ Connie S. McGee    

Director  

March 9, 2021
Connie S. McGee

/s/    Don R. Sloan

March 16, 2018

Don Richard Sloan

Director

/s/ Linda E. Rebrovick
Director  March 9, 2021
Linda E. Rebrovick
/s/ Ruskin A. VestDirector  March 9, 2021
Ruskin A. Vest
/s/ Michael E. WallaceDirectorMarch 9, 2021
Michael E. Wallace


64
79

Reliant Bancorp, Inc.

Consolidated Financial Statements

December 31, 2017 and 2016


65

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS,

DECEMBER 31, 2017 SUPPLEMENTARY DATA, AND 2016

FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

TABLE OF CONTENTS




66
80

Management

Management Report On Internal Control OverFinancial Reporting

The management of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “the Company”) is responsible for the preparation, integrity and fair presentation of published financial statements and all other information presented in this annual report. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and, as such, include amounts based on informed judgments and estimates made by management.

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for financial presentations in conformity with GAAP. Pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’sCompany’s Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and included those policies and procedures that:

Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company.

Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and Directors of the Company; and


Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention of overriding controls. Accordingly, even effective internal control can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. Further, because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures include in such controls may deteriorate.

Management has evaluated the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 20172020 based on the control criteria established in a report entitled Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013), issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on such evaluation, we have concluded that Reliant Bancorp, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting is effective as of December 31, 2017.

2020.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’sCompany’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report.


F-1

Stephen M. Maggart, CPA, ABV, CFF

J. Mark Allen, CPA

M. Todd Maggart, CPA, ABV, CFF

Michael F. Murphy, CPA

P. Jason Ricciardi, CPA, CGMA

David B. von Dohlen, CPA

T. Keith Wilson, CPA, CITP

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The

rbnc-20201231_g2.jpg
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

of

Reliant Bancorp, Inc.

Inc.



Opinion on the Financial Statements

Statements


We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 20172020 and 2016,2019, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017,2020, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as ofat December 31, 20172020 and 20162019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017,2020, in conformity with accounting principlesU.S. generally accepted in the United States of America.

accounting principles.


Basis for Opinion

Opinion


These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’sCompany’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB)PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.


We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud,, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Maggart & Associates, P.C.


Critical Audit Matters

The critical audits matter communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our
F-2


especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matters or on the account or disclosures to which they relate.

Allowance for Loan Losses

Description of the Matter

The Company’s loan portfolio totaled $2.3 billion as of December 31, 2020 and the associated allowance for loan losses (ALL) was $20.6 million. As discussed in Notes 1 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the ALL is established to absorb inherent losses that have been incurred within the existing portfolio of loans. Management’s estimate of inherent losses within the loan portfolio is established using quantitative, as well as qualitative, considerations. The Company’s methodology to determine the ALL considers quantitative calculations including: specific valuation allowances determined in accordance with ASC Topic 310 based on probable losses on specific loans, historical valuation allowances determined in accordance with ASC Topic 450 based on historical loan loss experience for similar loans with similar characteristics and trends, adjusted, as necessary, to reflect the impact of current conditions, and general valuation allowances determined in accordance with ASC Topic 450 based on various risk factors that are internal to the Company. The Company’s ALL methodology also includes qualitative amounts that include valuation allowances based on general economic conditions and other risk factors to the Company.

Management’s estimate of the ALL involves significant estimates and subjective assumptions, which require a high degree of judgment. The level of the allowance is based upon management's evaluation of the loan portfolio, loan loss experience, asset quality trends, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrowers' ability to repay the loan (including the timing of future payment), the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, economic conditions, industry and peer bank loan quality indications and other pertinent factors, including regulatory recommendations. Changes in these assumptions could have a material effect on the Company’s financial results.

How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit

We obtained an understanding of the Company’s process for establishing the ALL, including the qualitative valuation allowances of the ALL. To test the reasonableness of the qualitative valuation allowances, we performed audit procedures that included, among others, testing the appropriateness of the methodologies used by the Company to estimate the ALL, testing the completeness and accuracy of data and information used by the Company in estimating the components of the ALL, evaluating the appropriateness of assumptions used in estimating the qualitative valuation allowances, analyzing the changes in assumptions and various components of the ALL relative to changes in the Company’s loan portfolio and the economy and evaluating the appropriateness and level of the qualitative valuation allowances. For example, specific to the qualitative valuation allowances, we (1) analyzed the changes, assumptions, and adjustments made to the qualitative valuation allowances; and (2) evaluated the appropriateness and completeness of risk factors used in determining the amount of the qualitative valuation allowances. We also evaluated the data and information utilized by management to estimate the qualitative valuation allowances by independently obtaining internal and external data and information to assess the appropriateness of the data and information used by management. In addition, we evaluated the overall ALL amount, inclusive of the adjustments for the qualitative valuation allowances, and whether the amount appropriately reflects losses incurred in the loan portfolio as of the consolidated balance sheet date by comparing the overall ALL to those established by similar banking institutions with similar loan portfolios. We also reviewed subsequent events and transactions and considered whether they corroborate or contradict the Company’s conclusion.
F-3



Valuation of Acquired Loans

Description of the Matter

The Company’s strategy includes growth by acquisition. Acquisitions represent a significant component of the Company’s asset growth through the addition of new loan and deposit accounts. During 2020 the Company completed two acquisitions for net consideration of $100.6 million. As discussed in Notes 1 and 15 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company accounted for its acquisitions in accordance with ASC Topic 805 - Business Combinations, which requires the acquired assets and liabilities assumed to be marked to fair market value at the date of acquisition.

More specifically in conjunction with the acquisitions, acquired loans were recorded at a fair value of $793.9 million. To determine the fair value of acquired loans, management engaged a third-party specialist who used a discounted cash flow methodology that considered factors such as loan characteristics, discount rates, probability of default, loss given default, and prepayment assumptions. The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the valuation of certain acquired loans is a critical audit matter are (1) there was significant judgment by management to determine the fair value of acquired loans, which led to a high degree of auditor judgment and subjectivity in performing procedures relating to discount rates, probability of default, loss given default, and prepayment assumptions and (2) significant audit effort was necessary to evaluate the evidence obtained relating to these assumptions.

How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included, among others, (1) the development of independent assumptions for discount rates, probability of default, loss given default, and prepayment assumptions, (2) comparison of management’s estimate to the independently developed ranges, (3) testing the completeness and accuracy of the underlying loan data provided by management that was used to develop these assumptions, and (4) assessing the Company engaged specialist’s knowledge, skill, and ability as well as the relationship between the Company and the specialist.

/s/ Maggart & Associates, P.C.

We have served as the Company’sCompany’s auditor since 2015.

Nashville, Tennessee

Tennessee

March 16, 2018


1201 DEMONBREUN STREET ▪ SUITE 1220 ▪ NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE 3720.-3140 ▪ (615) 252-6100 ▪ Fax ▪ (615) 252-6105

www.maggartpc.com

9, 2021
F-2
F-4

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

DECEMBER 31, 2017 AND 2016

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

 

2017

  

2016

  December 31, 2020December 31, 2019

ASSETS

        ASSETS

Cash and due from banks

 $20,497  $23,413 Cash and due from banks$13,717 $7,953 
Interest-bearing deposits in financial institutionsInterest-bearing deposits in financial institutions79,756 43,644 

Federal funds sold

  171   830 Federal funds sold1,572 52 

Total cash and cash equivalents

  20,668   24,243 Total cash and cash equivalents95,045 51,649 

Securities available for sale

  220,201   146,813 Securities available for sale256,653 260,293 
LoansLoans2,300,783 1,409,952 
Less allowance for loan lossesLess allowance for loan losses(20,636)(12,578)

Loans, net

  762,488   657,701 Loans, net2,280,147 1,397,374 

Mortgage loans held for sale, less allowance for fair market adjustment of $160 at December 31, 2016

  45,322   11,831 
Mortgage loans held for sale, netMortgage loans held for sale, net147,524 37,476 

Accrued interest receivable

  5,744   3,786 Accrued interest receivable14,889 7,188 

Premises and equipment, net

  9,790   9,093 Premises and equipment, net31,462 21,064 
Operating leases right of use assetsOperating leases right of use assets13,103 — 

Restricted equity securities, at cost

  7,774   7,133 Restricted equity securities, at cost16,551 11,279 
Other real estate, netOther real estate, net1,246 750 

Cash surrender value of life insurance contracts

  33,663   24,827 Cash surrender value of life insurance contracts77,988 46,632 

Deferred tax assets, net

  1,099   3,437 Deferred tax assets, net7,121 3,933 

Goodwill

  11,404   11,404 Goodwill54,396 43,642 

Core deposit intangibles

  1,280   1,582 Core deposit intangibles11,347 7,270 

Other assets

  5,601   10,134 Other assets19,063 13,292 
        

TOTAL ASSETS

 $1,125,034  $911,984 TOTAL ASSETS$3,026,535 $1,901,842 
        

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

        
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITYLIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

LIABILITIES

        LIABILITIES

Deposits

        Deposits

Demand

 $131,996  $134,792 
Noninterest-bearing demandNoninterest-bearing demand$575,289 $260,681 

Interest-bearing demand

  88,230   85,478 Interest-bearing demand350,392 152,718 

Savings and money market deposit accounts

  205,230   183,788 Savings and money market deposit accounts857,210 408,724 

Time

  458,063   359,776 Time796,344 762,330 

Total deposits

  883,519   763,834 Total deposits2,579,235 1,584,453 

Accrued interest payable

  305   107 Accrued interest payable2,571 2,022 

Federal funds purchased

  -   3,671 Federal funds purchased— 
Subordinated debenturesSubordinated debentures70,446 70,883 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

  96,747   32,287 Federal Home Loan Bank advances10,000 10,737 

Dividends payable

  542   1,711 
Operating leases liabilitiesOperating leases liabilities14,231 — 

Other liabilities

  3,784   3,455 Other liabilities28,079 9,994 
        

TOTAL LIABILITIES

  984,897   805,065 TOTAL LIABILITIES2,704,562 1,678,089 
        

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

        

Preferred stock, $1 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued to date

  -   - 

Common stock, $1 par value; 30,000,000 shares authorized; 9,034,439 and 7,778,309 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively

  9,034   7,778 
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITYSTOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred stock, $1 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued to datePreferred stock, $1 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued to date$$
Common stock, $1 par value; 30,000,000 shares authorized; 16,654,409 and 11,206,254 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectivelyCommon stock, $1 par value; 30,000,000 shares authorized; 16,654,409 and 11,206,254 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively16,654 11,206 

Additional paid-in capital

  112,437   89,045 Additional paid-in capital233,331 167,006 

Retained earnings

  17,189   12,212 Retained earnings65,757 40,472 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

  1,477   (2,116)
        

TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

  140,137   106,919 
        

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 $1,125,034  $911,984 
     

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 14)

 

    
Accumulated other comprehensive incomeAccumulated other comprehensive income6,231 5,069 
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITYTOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY321,973 223,753 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITYTOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY$3,026,535 $1,901,842 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-3
F-5

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

 

Year Ended

 
 

December 31,

 Year Ended December 31,
 

2017

  

2016

  

2015

  202020192018

INTEREST INCOME

            INTEREST INCOME   

Interest and fees on loans

 $34,176  $31,905  $26,017 Interest and fees on loans$119,259 $68,421 $58,351 

Interest and fees on loans held for sale

  868   773   1,523 Interest and fees on loans held for sale3,450 961 1,278 

Interest on investment securities, taxable

  691   724   881 Interest on investment securities, taxable1,517 2,099 1,836 

Interest on investment securities, nontaxable

  3,904   2,211   1,185 Interest on investment securities, nontaxable5,068 6,452 6,605 

Federal funds sold and other

  519   402   282 Federal funds sold and other977 1,252 1,137 
            

TOTAL INTEREST INCOME

  40,158   36,015   29,888 TOTAL INTEREST INCOME130,271 79,185 69,207 
            

INTEREST EXPENSE

            INTEREST EXPENSE

Deposits

            Deposits

Demand

  173   182   190 Demand779 384 366 

Savings and money market deposit accounts

  748   632   466 Savings and money market deposit accounts4,709 4,191 2,589 

Time

  4,095   1,835   1,416 Time11,880 17,324 9,998 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other

  655   714   646 
            
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowingsFederal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings903 543 1,719 
Subordinated debenturesSubordinated debentures3,954 938 724 

TOTAL INTEREST EXPENSE

  5,671   3,363   2,718 TOTAL INTEREST EXPENSE22,225 23,380 15,396 
            

NET INTEREST INCOME

  34,487   32,652   27,170 NET INTEREST INCOME108,046 55,805 53,811 
            

PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES

  1,316   968   (270)PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES8,350 1,211 1,035 
            

NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES

  33,171   31,684   27,440 NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES99,696 54,594 52,776 
            

NONINTEREST INCOME

            NONINTEREST INCOME

Service charges on deposit accounts

  1,251   1,239   958 Service charges on deposit accounts5,747 3,746 3,419 

Gains on mortgage loans sold, net

  3,675   6,317   10,999 Gains on mortgage loans sold, net12,239 4,905 4,418 

Gain (loss) on securities transactions, net

  59   36   (388)

Gain on sale of other real estate

  27   301   6 

Loss on disposal of premises and equipment

  (52)  -   - 

Other

  1,050   907   807 
(Loss) gain on securities transactions, net(Loss) gain on securities transactions, net(270)1,451 43 
            
Other noninterest incomeOther noninterest income3,843 1,862 1,784 

TOTAL NONINTEREST INCOME

  6,010   8,800   12,382 TOTAL NONINTEREST INCOME21,559 11,964 9,664 
            

NONINTEREST EXPENSE

            NONINTEREST EXPENSE

Salaries and employee benefits

  18,432   18,256   18,657 Salaries and employee benefits$46,332 $30,514 $27,510 

Occupancy

  3,353   3,174   3,387 Occupancy7,756 5,423 4,949 

Information technology

  2,715   2,486   2,479 

Advertising and public relations

  264   702   1,213 

Audit, legal and consulting

  2,865   1,287   1,892 

Federal deposit insurance

  399   438   383 

Provision for losses on other real estate

  -   70   110 

Other operating

  3,048   3,961   3,448 
Data processing and softwareData processing and software8,594 6,213 5,333 
            
Professional feesProfessional fees2,676 2,302 2,848 
Regulatory feesRegulatory fees1,797 908 1,077 
Merger expensesMerger expenses6,895 1,603 2,774 
Other operating expenseOther operating expense9,157 6,929 6,070 

TOTAL NONINTEREST EXPENSE

  31,076   30,374   31,569 TOTAL NONINTEREST EXPENSE83,207 53,892 50,561 
            

INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES

  8,105   10,110   8,253 INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES38,048 12,666 11,879 
            

INCOME TAX EXPENSE

  1,942   2,213   2,271 INCOME TAX EXPENSE6,935 2,129 1,372 
            

CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME

  6,163   7,897   5,982 CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME31,113 10,537 10,507 
            

NONCONTROLLING INTEREST IN NET (INCOME) LOSS OF SUBSIDIARY

  1,083   1,039   (407)
            
NONCONTROLLING INTEREST IN NET LOSS OF SUBSIDIARYNONCONTROLLING INTEREST IN NET LOSS OF SUBSIDIARY299 5,659 3,578 

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS

 $7,246  $8,936  $5,575 NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS$31,412 $16,196 $14,085 
            

Basic net income attributable to common shareholders, per share

 $0.89  $1.18  $0.88 Basic net income attributable to common shareholders, per share$2.03 $1.44 $1.24 

Diluted net income attributable to common shareholders, per share

 $0.88  $1.16  $0.86 Diluted net income attributable to common shareholders, per share$2.02 $1.44 $1.23 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements


F-4
F-6

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Dollar amounts in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
 202020192018
Net Income$31,113 $10,537 $10,507 
Other comprehensive (loss) income :
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale:
Unrealized holdings gains (losses) arising during the period6,881 14,228 (5,791)
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income270 (1,451)(43)
Tax effect(1,869)(3,341)1,525 
Net of tax5,2829,436(4,309)
Unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges
Unrealized holdings (losses) gains arising during the period(5,578)(926)(1,153)
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income
Tax effect1,458243301
Net of tax(4,120)(683)(852)
Other comprehensive income (loss)1,162 8,753 (5,161)
Comprehensive income$32,275 $19,290 $5,346 
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest299 5,659 3,578 
Comprehensive income attributable to the controlling interest$32,574 $24,949 $8,924 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
F-7


RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBERDecember 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019 AND 2015

2018

(Dollar amounts in thousands except share amounts)
ADDITIONALACCUMULATED
OTHER
 COMMON STOCKPAID-INRETAINEDCOMPREHENSIVENONCONTROLLING 
 SHARESAMOUNTCAPITALEARNINGSINCOME (LOSS)INTERESTTOTAL
BALANCE- DECEMBER 31, 20179,034,439 $9,034 $112,437 $17,189 $1,477 $$140,137 
Stock based compensation expense— — 923 — — — 923 
Exercise of stock options30,001 30 368 — — — 398 
Restricted stock awards, net of taxes withheld and stock and dividend forfeitures50,160 50 (50)— — — 
Conversion shares issued to shareholders of Community First, Inc.2,416,444 2,417 59,566 — — — 61,983 
Shares acquired from dissenting shareholder(234)— (6)— — — (6)
Noncontrolling interest contributions— — — — — 3,578 3,578 
Cash dividend declared to common shareholders ($0.33 per share)— — — (3,945)— — (3,945)
Net income (loss)— — — 14,085 — (3,578)10,507 
Other comprehensive loss— — — (5,161)— (5,161)
BALANCE- DECEMBER 31, 201811,530,810 $11,531 $173,238 $27,329 $(3,684)$$208,414 
Stock based compensation expense— — 1,222 — — — 1,222 
Exercise of stock options34,714 34 405 — — — 439 
Employee Stock Purchase Plan stock issuance8,512 152 — — — 161 
Restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for taxes and stock and dividend forfeitures(1,851)(2)(86)— — — (88)
Common stock shares redeemed(365,931)(366)(7,925)— — — (8,291)
Noncontrolling interest contributions— — — — — 5,659 5,659 
Cash dividends declared to common shareholders ($0.27 per share)— — — (3,053)— — (3,053)
Net income (loss)— — — 16,196 — (5,659)10,537 
Other comprehensive income— — — 8,753 — 8,753 
BALANCE - DECEMBER 31, 201911,206,254 $11,206 $167,006 $40,472 $5,069 $$223,753 
F-8


ADDITIONALACCUMULATED
OTHER
 COMMON STOCKPAID-INRETAINEDCOMPREHENSIVENONCONTROLLING 
 SHARESAMOUNTCAPITALEARNINGSINCOME (LOSS)INTERESTTOTAL
Conversion shares issued to shareholders of Tennessee Community Bank Holdings, Inc.811,210 811 17,230 — — — 18,041 
Conversion shares issued to shareholders of First Advantage Bancorp4,606,419 4,607 47,308 — — — 51,915 
Cumulative effect of lease standard adoption— — — 100 — — 100 
Stock based compensation expense— — 1,578 — — — 1,578 
Exercise of stock options10,865 10 132 — — — 142 
Employee Stock Purchase Plan stock issuance21,962 21 275 — — — 296 
Restricted stock units vesting, net of taxes withheld and stock and dividend forfeitures(2,301)(1)(198)(199)
Noncontrolling interest contributions— — — — — 299 299 
Cash dividend declared to common shareholders ($0.40 per share)— — — (6,227)— — (6,227)
Net income (loss)— — — 31,412 — (299)31,113 
Other comprehensive income— — — — 1,162 — 1,162 
BALANCE - DECEMBER 31, 202016,654,409 $16,654 $233,331 $65,757 $6,231 $$321,973 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-9


RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED December 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 
             

Consolidated net income

 $6,163  $7,897  $5,982 
             

Other comprehensive income (loss)

            

Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax of $2,102, $(1,275) and $(17) for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively

  3,384   (2,058)  (25)
             

Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income, net of tax of $(23), $(14) and $149 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively

  (36)  (22)  239 
             

TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

  3,348   (2,080)  214 
             

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

 $9,511  $5,817  $6,196 

 202020192018
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Consolidated net income$31,113 $10,537 $10,507 
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
Provision for loan losses8,350 1,211 1,035 
Deferred income taxes2,060 398 380 
Loss (gain) on disposal of premises and equipment31 (13)
Depreciation of premises and equipment2,867 1,875 1,586 
Net amortization of securities2,370 3,051 3,182 
Net realized losses (gains) on sales of securities270 (1,451)(43)
Gains on mortgage loans sold, net(12,239)(4,905)(4,418)
Stock-based compensation expense1,578 1,222 923 
Gain on other real estate(28)(166)(259)
Provision for losses on other real estate98 
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance(2,759)(1,119)(1,186)
Mortgage loans originated for resale(605,020)(179,331)(141,783)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans513,089 162,583 176,610 
Right of use asset amortization2,596 — — 
Other accretion, net of other amortization(11,010)2,530 (645)
Change in
Accrued interest receivable(4,368)1,026 (1,305)
Other assets993 (1,477)(372)
Accrued interest payable(699)959 326 
Other liabilities(4,124)(1,230)(2,260)
TOTAL ADJUSTMENTS(106,042)(14,726)31,758 
NET CASH (USED IN) PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES(74,929)(4,189)42,265 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Cash (used in) received from acquisitions, net(8,500)33,128 
Activities in available for sale securities
Purchases(61,783)(50,430)(106,893)
Sales151,934 85,895 100,737 
Maturities, prepayments and calls11,171 12,807 12,987 
(Purchases) redemptions of restricted equity securities(1,051)411 (2,190)
Net increase in loans(87,767)(180,787)(145,090)
Purchase of premises and equipment(2,873)(1,339)(4,342)
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment135 
Proceeds from sale of other real estate2,357 1,261 1,947 
Purchase of life insurance contracts(10,000)0
Proceeds from BOLI death benefit1,808 
F-10


 202020192018
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES(4,569)(132,182)(109,716)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net change in deposits178,245 146,484 121,960 
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances559,000 200,824 168,525 
Payments on Federal Home Loan Bank advances(608,663)(247,531)(207,720)
Issuance of subordinate debentures, net of issuance costs59,198 
Issuance of ESPP shares and exercise of common stock options and warrants, net of repurchase of restricted shares239 (7,779)392 
Noncontrolling interest contributions received299 5,659 2,255 
Cash dividends paid on common stock(6,227)(4,013)(3,451)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES122,893 152,842 81,961 
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS43,395 16,471 14,510 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - BEGINNING OF PERIOD51,649 35,178 20,668 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - END OF PERIOD$95,045 $51,649 $35,178 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-5
F-11

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBERDecember 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019 AND 2015

2018

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

                  

ACCUMULATED

         
          

ADDITIONAL

      

OTHER

         
  

COMMON STOCK

  

PAID-IN

  

RETAINED

  

COMPREHENSIVE

  

NONCONTROLLING

     
  

SHARES

  

AMOUNT

  

CAPITAL

  

EARNINGS

  

INCOME (LOSS)

  

INTEREST

  

TOTAL

 

BALANCE - JANUARY 1, 2015

  3,910,191  $3,910  $38,955  $901  $(250) $-  $43,516 

Stock based compensation expense

  -   -   104   -   -   -   104 

Shares retained by shareholders of Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc., net of stock issuance costs of $741

  3,069,030   3,069   44,091   -   -   -   47,160 

Conversion shares issued to shareholders of Reliant Bank

  83,015   83   (83)  -   -   -   - 

Exercise of stock options

  186,884   187   1,633   -   -   -   1,820 

Restricted stock awards

  30,500   31   (31)  -   -   -   - 

Stock issuance costs

  -   -   (149)  -   -   -   (149)

Noncontrolling interest distribuitons

  -   -   -   -   -   (407)  (407)

Cash dividend declared to common shareholders ($0.20 per share)

  -   -   -   (1,489)  -   -   (1,489)

Net income

  -   -   -   5,575   -   407   5,982 

Other comprehensive income

  -   -   -   -   214   -   214 

BALANCE - DECEMBER 31, 2015

  7,279,620   7,280   84,520   4,987   (36)  -   96,751 

Stock based compensation expense

  -   -   251   -   -   -   251 

Exercise of stock options

  476,889   477   4,295   -   -   -   4,772 

Restricted stock awards

  23,800   23   (23)  -   -   -   - 

Restricted stock forfeiture

  (2,000)  (2)  2   -   -   -   - 

Noncontrolling interest contributions

  -   -   -   -   -   1,039   1,039 

Cash dividend declared to common shareholders ($0.22 per share)

  -   -   -   (1,711)  -   -   (1,711)

Net income (loss)

  -   -   -   8,936   -   (1,039)  7,897 

Other comprehensive income (loss)

  -   -   -   -   (2,080)  -   (2,080)

BALANCE - DECEMBER 31, 2016

  7,778,309   7,778   89,045   12,212   (2,116)  -   106,919 

Stock based compensation expense

  -   -   616   -   -   -   616 

Exercise of stock options

  72,080   72   751   -   -   -   823 

Restricted stock awards

  50,050   50   (50)  -   -   -   - 

Restricted stock forfeiture

  (3,000)  (3)  3   -   -   -   - 

Common stock net of issuance costs of $1,805

  1,137,000   1,137   22,072   -   -   -   23,209 

Noncontrolling interest contributions

  -   -   -   -   -   1,083   1,083 

Cash dividend declared to common shareholders ($0.24 per share)

  -   -   -   (2,024)  -   -   (2,024)

Net income (loss)

  -   -   -   7,246   -   (1,083)  6,163 

Reclassification of federal income tax rate change

  -   -   -   (245)  245   -   - 

Other comprehensive income

  -   -   -   -   3,348   -   3,348 

BALANCE - DECEMBER 31, 2017

  9,034,439  $9,034  $112,437  $17,189  $1,477  $-  $140,137 
 202020192018
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:   
Cash paid during the year for   
Interest$26,190 $22,421 $14,638 
Taxes4,402 1,303 1,400 
Non-cash investing and financing activities  
Change in due to/from noncontrolling interest299 5,659 3,578 
Loans foreclosed and transferred to other real estate197 943 1,060 
Acquired bank facilities no longer in use transferred to other real estate from premises and equipment2,420
Dividends declared, not paid76 1,036 
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities11,973 — — 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements


F-6
F-12

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar

 (Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

         

Consolidated net income

 $6,163  $7,897  $5,982 

Reclassification of federal income tax rate change

  (245)  -   - 
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided (used) in operating activities            

Provision for loan losses

  1,316   968   (270)

Deferred income taxes (benefit)

  504   235   (203)

Loss on disposal of premises and equipment

  52   -   - 

Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment

  1,017   976   890 

Net amortization of securities

  2,030   1,551   1,110 

Net realized (gains) losses on sales of securities

  (59)  (36)  388 

Gains on mortgage loans sold, net

  (3,675)  (6,317)  (10,999)

Stock-based compensation expense

  616   251   104 

Realization of gain on other real estate

  (27)  (301)  (6)

Provision for losses on other real estate

  -   70   110 

Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance contracts

  (836)  (750)  (541)

Mortgage loans originated for resale

  (157,380)  (158,457)  (409,338)

Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans

  127,564   208,036   391,884 

Amortization of core deposit intangible

  302   356   300 

Change in

            

Accrued interest receivable

  (1,958)  (690)  (465)

Other assets

  4,371   (6,580)  (1,357)

Accrued interest payable

  198   52   (107)

Other liabilities

  403   1,501   (167)
             

TOTAL ADJUSTMENTS

  (25,562)  40,865   (28,667)
             

NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) OPERATING ACTIVITIES

  (19,644)  48,762   (22,685)
             

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

         

Activities in available for sale securities

         

Purchases

  (95,430)  (59,332)  (62,556)

Sales

  18,688   31,782   6,609 

Maturities, prepayments and calls

  6,763   9,255   7,297 

Activities in held to maturity securities

         

Sales

  -   -   20,649 

Maturities, prepayments and calls

  -   -   - 

Purchases of restricted equity securities

  (641)  (889)  (1,007)

Loan originations and payments, net

  (106,103)  (49,922)  (51,480)

Purchase of buildings, leasehold improvements, and equipment

  (1,766)  (873)  (926)

Proceeds from sale of other real estate

  -   1,313   568 

Improvement of other real estate

  -   (16)  - 

Purchase of life insurance contracts

  (8,000)  (4,000)  (4,000)

Cash received in merger

  -   -   12,378 
             

NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES

  (186,489)  (72,682)  (72,468)
             

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

         

Net change in deposits

  119,685   123,826   57,848 

Net change in federal funds purchased

  (3,671)  3,671   (6,651)

Net change in Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

  64,460   (103,472)  51,403 

Issuance of common stock, net

  24,032   4,772   1,820 

Stock issuance costs

  -   -   (149)

Noncontrolling interest contributions received

  1,245   285   305 

Cash dividends paid on common stock

  (3,193)  (1,489)  - 
             

NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES

  202,558   27,593   104,576 
             

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

  (3,575)  3,673   9,423 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - BEGINNING OF PERIOD

  24,243   20,570   11,147 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - END OF PERIOD

 $20,668  $24,243  $20,570 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

            

Cash paid during the period for

            

Interest

 $5,473  $3,311  $2,742 

Taxes

  1,750   3,091   4,232 
             

Non-cash investing and financing activities

            

Unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale

 $5,380  $(3,792) $293 

Unrealized loss on derivatives

  47   423   - 

Change in due to/from noncontrolling interest

  1,083   754   (712)

Foreclosures transferred from loans to other real estate

  -   -   622 

Dividends declared, not paid

  542   1,711   1,489 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

 

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations

Effective December 31, 2017, Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc., changed its name to


Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (“ is a Tennessee corporation and the Company”holding company for and the sole shareholder of Reliant Bank (the "Bank"), collectively, "the Company." Reliant Bancorp is registered as a financial holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended ("Bank Holding Company Act"). Organizational activities began in 2005.Reliant Bank is a commercial bank chartered under Tennessee law and a member of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve"). The CompanyBank provides financiala full range of traditional banking products and services through its offices in Williamson, Robertson, Davidson, Sumner, Rutherford and Hamilton Counties in Tennessee. Its primary deposit products are checking, savings, and term certificate accounts, and its primary lending products are commercial and residential construction loans, commercial loans, installment loans and lines secured by home equity. Substantially all loans are secured by specific items of collateral including commercial and residential real estate,to business assets, and consumer assets. Commercial loans are expectedclients throughout Middle Tennessee.

Reliant Risk Management, Inc., a wholly-owned insurance captive subsidiary of Reliant Bancorp, began operations on June 1, 2020, is a Tennessee-based captive insurance company which insures Reliant Bancorp and the Bank against certain risks unique to their operations and for which insurance may not be repaid from cash flow from operationscurrently available or economically feasible in today's insurance marketplace. Reliant Risk Management, Inc. pools resources with several other similar insurance company subsidiaries of businesses. On January 1, 2018, Community First,financial institutions to spread a limited amount of risk among themselves. Reliant Risk Management, Inc. a community banking organization headquartered in Columbiais subject to regulations of the State of Tennessee was merged with and intoundergoes periodic examinations by the Company. See Note 25.

Tennessee Department of Commerce and Insurance.


Basis of Presentation


The Company's consolidated financial statements as of and for the periods presented include the accounts of Reliant Bancorp, the Bank, Community First Trups Holding Company (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Reliant Bancorp), Reliant Risk Management, Inc., Reliant Investment Holdings, LLC (a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank), and RMV. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. As described previously, effective January 1, 2020, Reliant Bancorp and TCB Holdings merged and effective April 1, 2020, Reliant Bancorp and First Advantage Bancorp merged.

The accounting and reporting policies of the CompanyReliant Bancorp, Inc. conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of AmericaU.S. GAAP and to general practices within the banking industry. The following is a brief summary of the significant policies.


The accompanying consolidated financial statements asreflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present a fair statement of the results. Such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

The Company has evaluated subsequent events for recognition and fordisclosure through March 9, 2021, which is the periods presented includedate the accountsfinancial statements were available to be issued.

During 2011, the Bank and another entity organized RMV. Under the related operating agreement, the non-controlling member receives 70% of Reliant Bancorp, Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiary, Reliant Bank (the “Bank”),the profits of RMV, and the Bank’s 51% controlled subsidiary, Reliant Mortgage Ventures, LLC, collectively (the “Company”).Bank receives 30% of the profits once the non-controlling member recovers its aggregate losses. The non-controlling member is responsible for 100% of RMV’s net losses. As described inof December 31, 2020, the notescumulative losses to our annual consolidated financial statements, Reliant Mortgage Ventures, LLC is considered a variable interest entity for which the Bank is deemeddate totaled $13,655. RMV will have to be the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. As described in Note 21, Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (formerly Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.) and Reliant Bank merged effective April 1, 2015. The merger was accounted for as a reverse acquisition, and as a result, the historical financial statements presented forgenerate net income of this amount before the Company are the historical financial statements of Reliant Bank for 2015. The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to accounting principles generally acceptedwill participate in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") and to general practices in the banking industry.

future earnings.

F-9

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Use of Estimates

Estimates


The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of AmericaU.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to determination of the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of other real estate, the valuation of debt and equity securities, the valuation of deferred tax assets and fair values of financial instruments.

Concentrations

At December 31, 2017, the Company had significant credit exposures to borrowers

F-13

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in real estate. If this industry experiences another economic slowdown and, as a result, the borrowers in this industry are unable to meet the obligations of their existing loan agreements, earnings could be negatively impacted. thousands except per share amounts)

Business Combinations

The Company accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting. The accounts of an acquired entity are included as of the date of acquisition, and any excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired is concentrated incapitalized as goodwill. Under this method, all identifiable assets acquired, including purchased loans, and liabilities assumed are recorded at fair value.

The Company typically issues common stock and/or pays cash for an acquisition, depending on the middle Tennessee regionalterms of the acquisition agreement. The value of shares of common stock issued is determined based on the market andprice of the operating results are impacted bystock as of the economic conditionsclosing of that area.

the acquisition.


Cash and Cash Equivalents


For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, interest-bearing deposits with otherin financial institutions with maturities less than 90 days,intuitions, and federal funds sold. Generally, federal funds sold are purchased and sold for one-dayone-day periods. Net cash flows are reported for customer loan and deposit transactions, federal funds sold, and short-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings.

The Company maintains deposits in excess of the federal insurance amounts with other financial institutions. Management makes deposits only with financial institutions it considers financially sound.

Federal funds sold


Regulation D of $171the Federal Reserve Act requires that banks maintain reserve balances with their applicable Federal Reserve Bank based principally on the type and $830amount of their deposits. The Bank was not required to have a reserve balance at December 31, 2017 2020, 2019, and 2016, respectively, were invested in one financial institution. Such funds were unsecured and matured the next business day.

2018, respectively.

F-10Securities

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Securities

The Company classifies its debt securities in one of two categories: held to maturity ("HTM") and available for sale. Held to maturitysale ("AFS"). HTM securities are those securities for which the Company has the ability and intent to hold until maturity. Securities are classified as available for saleAFS when they might be sold before maturity. As theThe Company sold securities in thedid 0t have held to maturity classification during 2015, it currently classifies all securities as available for sale.

at December 31, 2020 and 2019, or in the three-year period ended December 31, 2020.


Interest income includes purchase premiums and discounts amortized or accreted over the life of the related security as an adjustment to the yield without anticipating prepayments, except for mortgage-backed securities where prepayments are anticipated. Gains and losses on sales are recorded on the trade date and determined using the specific identification method.

method including reclassification from other comprehensive income.


When the fair value of a debt security has declined below the amortized cost at the measurement date, if an entity intends to sell a security or is more likely than not to sell the security before the recovery of the security’ssecurity’s cost basis, the entity must recognize the other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) in earnings. For a debt security with a fair value below the amortized cost at the measurement date where it is more likely than not that an entity will not sellearnings and classify the security before the recovery of its cost basis, but an entity does not expect to recover the entire cost basis of the security, the security is classified as OTTI.


The related OTTI loss on the debt security will be recognized in earnings to the extent that the loss is due to the declining credit quality of the credit losses,issuer, with the remaining impairment loss recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income. In estimating OTTI losses, management considers: the length of time and extent that fair value of the security has been less than the cost of the security, the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, cash flow, stress testing analysis on securities, when applicable, and the Company’sCompany’s ability and intent to hold the security for a period sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER The Company evaluates available-for-sale securities for OTTI at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such an evaluation. No such impairment charges were recorded in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

2020.


Loans

Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at the principal balance outstanding, net of unearned interest, deferred loan fees, and an allowance for loan losses.losses (ALL). Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized in interest income using a straight-linethe level yield method without anticipating prepayments. This treatment does not materially differ from the level interest yield method. Past due status is determined based on the contractual terms of the note.

The accrual of interest is discontinued when a loan becomes 90 days past due according to the contractual terms of the note unless it is well collateralized and in the process of collection, or when management believes, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, that the principal or interest will not be collectible in the normal course of business. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, previously accrued and uncollected interest is charged against interest income on loans. When full collection of the remaining book balance is uncertain, interest payments received are applied to the principal balance outstanding. In some cases, when the remaining book balance of the loan is deemed fully collectible, payments are treated as interest income on a cash basis. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

The restructuring of a loan is considered a “troubled debt restructuring” if the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and the Company has granted a concession. Concessions may include interest rate reductions or below market interest rates, principal forgiveness, restructuring amortization schedules and other actions intended to minimize potential losses.


F-12
F-14

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Management estimates the allowance balance required using historical loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, current economic conditions (national and local), and other factors such as changes in interest rates, portfolio concentrations, changes in the experience, ability, and depth of the lending function, levels of and trends in charged-off loans, recoveries, past due loans and volume and severity of classified loans. The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired. The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off.

During 2011, the Company added an unallocated general reserve. This unallocated portion of the reserve was above the allocated amount calculated for each loan pool segment based on each loan pool’s historical loss experience adjusted for current economic and environmental factors. This unallocated reserve was added due to the volatility in credit losses and the uncertainty risk that is not specifically identified with any particular loan pool segment. It also recognized that the current recessionary period manifested in higher and more unpredictable loss rates over an extended period of time. Management believed the decline in real estate values over the past several years as well as the continued slowness in general economic recovery supported maintaining an unallocated portion of the general reserve. During 2015, management determined that the decline in real estate values had subsided and, accordingly, management has removed the unallocated portion of the general reserve.

A loan is impaired when full payment under the loan terms is not expected. All classified loans and loans on non-accrual status are individually evaluated for impairment. Factors considered in determining if a loan is impaired include the borrower’s ability to repay amounts owed, collateral deficiencies, the risk rating of the loan and economic conditions affecting the borrower’s industry, among other things. If a loan is impaired, a portion of the allowance is allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value (less estimated costs to sell) of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless the principal amount is deemed fully collectible, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. When recognition of interest income on a cash basis is appropriate, the amount of income recognized is limited to what would have been accrued on the remaining principal balance at the contractual rate. Cash payments received over this limit, and not applied to reduce the loans remaining principal balance, are recorded as recoveries of prior charge-offs until these charge-offs have been fully recovered.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Mortgage Loans Held for Sale

Mortgage loans originated with the intent to sell to third party investors are classified as held for sale. Such loans are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or market value, as determined by outstanding commitments from investors. These loans are typically marketed to potential investors prior to closing the loan with the borrower. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recorded through a valuation allowance and charged to operations. At December 31, 2016, a valuation allowance of $160 was attributable to mortgage loans held for sale and no valuation allowance was necessary at December 31, 2017. The related servicing rights are generally sold with the loans.

Transfers of Financial Assets

Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been relinquished. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when the assets have been isolated from the Company, the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before maturity.

Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets or the terms of the related lease for leasehold improvements. The range of estimated useful lives for buildings is 30 to 40 years, for leasehold improvements are 3 to 25 years, which correlates with the applicable lease term, and for furniture, fixtures and equipment is 3 to 7 years. Gain or loss on items retired and otherwise disposed of is credited or charged to operations and the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the asset and accumulated depreciation accounts.

Expenditures and improvements of premises and equipment are capitalized and those for maintenance and repairs are charged to earnings as incurred.

Restricted Equity Securities

Each member of the Federal Reserve is required to subscribe to Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) stock.

The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) system. Members are required to own a certain amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and may invest in additional amounts.

These stocks are carried at cost, classified as restricted equity securities, and periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Other Real Estate

Real estate acquired in the settlementsix classes of loans is initially recorded at estimated fair value, less estimated cost to sell, if less than the carrying value of the loan when acquired. Based on periodic evaluations by management, the carrying values are reduced by a direct charge to earnings when they exceed net realizable value. Costs relating to the development and improvement of the property are capitalized up to fair value less cost to sell, while holding costs of the property are charged to expense in the period incurred.

Cash Surrender Value of Life Insurance Contracts

The Company is the owner and beneficiary of various life insurance policies on certain key employees. These policies are recorded at their cash surrender values.

Impairment of Long-Term Assets

Premises and equipment and other long-term assets are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their carrying amount may not be recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows. If impaired, the assets are written down to fair value, with a corresponding charge to earnings.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents that excess of the purchase price of over the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired in a 2015 business acquisition (see Note 21) and in a 2009 business acquisition. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment at least annually and more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.

Loan Commitments and Related Financial Instruments

Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer financing needs. The face amount for these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Stock Based Compensation

Compensation cost recognized for stock options and restricted stock awards issued to employees is based on the fair value of these awards at the date of grant. A binomial model is utilized to estimate the fair value of stock options. Compensation cost is recognized over the required service period, generally defined as the vesting period.

Additionally, during 2016, the Company elected to adopt the provisions of ASU 2016-09,“Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” in advance of the required application date of January 1,2017. Our financial statements for 2016 are presented as if we adopted ASU 2016-09 on January 1,2016 on a prospective basis and prior periods have not been restated. ASU 2016-09 requires that all income tax effects related to settlements of share-based payment awards be reported in earnings as an increase (or decrease) to income tax expense. Previously, income tax benefits at settlement of an award were reported as an increase (or decrease) to additional paid-in capital to the extent that those benefits were greater than (or less than) the income tax benefits recognized in earnings during the award's vesting period. The requirement to report those income tax effects in earnings has been applied to settlements occurring on or after January 1,2016 and the impact of applying that guidance reduced reported income tax expense by $184 and $478, or approximately $0.02 and $0.06 per diluted common share for 2017 and 2016, respectively.

ASU 2016-09 also requires that all income tax-related cash flows resulting from share-based payments be reported as operating activities in the statement of cash flows. Previously, income tax benefits at settlement of an award were reported as a reduction to operating cash flows and an increase to financing cash flows to the extent that those benefits exceeded the income tax benefits reported in earnings during the award's vesting period.

Income Taxes

Income tax expense or benefit is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences between carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the expected amount most likely to be realized. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of a sufficient level of future taxable income and recoverable taxes paid in prior years. Although realization is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets will be realized.

Management performs an evaluation of all income tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Company’s income tax returns to determine whether the income tax positions meet a “more likely than not” standard of being sustained under examination by the applicable taxing authorities. Management has performed its evaluation of all income tax positions taken on all open income tax returns and has determined that there were no positions taken that do not meet the “more likely than not” standard. Penalties and interest relating to income taxes are recognized in income tax expense.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Income Taxes (Continued)

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various states. The Company’s federal and states income tax returns for years prior to fiscal year 2014 are no longer open to examination. Certain returns from years in which net operating losses have occurred are still open for examination by the tax authorities.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus shares representing the dilutive effect of stock options outstanding.

Retirement Plan

The Company has a 401(k) retirement plan covering all employees who elect to participate, subject to certain eligibility requirements. The Plan allows employees to defer up to 100% of their salary, subject to regulatory limitations with the Company matching 100% of the first3% and 50% of the next 2% which is contributed by the employee. The Company recognizes as expense the amount of matching contributions related to the 401(k) plan. Vesting within the plan is immediate for 100% of deferral and employer contributions.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income consists of net income and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale and derivatives. These gains and losses are recognized as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

Loss Contingencies

Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. Management does not believe there are such matters that will have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

Restrictions on Cash

Cash on hand or on deposit with the Federal Reserve Bank was required to meet regulatory reserve and clearing requirements. At December 31, 2017, the Company’s reserve requirement was $2,636. At December 31, 2016, the Company did not have a reserve balance to maintain and at December 31, 2015, the Company’s reserve requirement was $10,310.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Preferred Shares

Preferred shares rights that can be set when issued as determined by the Board of Directors.

Dividend Restriction

Banking regulations require maintaining certain capital levels and may limit the dividends paid by the Company to shareholders.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and totaled $264,$684 and $1,117 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

Fair Value Measurements

Financial accounting standards relating to fair value measurements establish a framework for measuring fair value. That framework provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

Level 1

Inputs to the valuation methodology are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access.

Level 2Inputs to the valuation methodology include:

Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;

Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets;

Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability;

Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by the observable market data by correlation or other means.

If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, the Level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3

Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

An asset’s or liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Valuation techniques should maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

Securities available for sale: The fair values of securities available for sale are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1 inputs) or matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs).

The Company obtains fair value measurements for securities available for sale from an independent pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, cash flows and reference data, including market research publications, among other things.

Interest rate swaps: The fair values of interest rate swaps arereporting purposes determined based on discounted future cash flows.

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis, but are subjectunderlying collateral utilized to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include the following:

Impaired loans: The fair value of impaired loans with specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses is generally based on the present value of expected payments using the loan’s effective rate as the discount rate or recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.

Mortgage loans held for sale: A pricing model is used to estimate the fair value of mortgage loans held for sale. The Company uses a model as developed and performed by an independent entity to value such loans.

Other real estate owned: The fair value of other real estate owned is generally based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

No changes in the valuation methodologies have been made since the prior year

The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company’s valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions, as more fully disclosed in Note 4. Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect the estimates.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made in the 2016 and 2015 consolidated financial statements to conform to the 2017 presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the results of operations previously reported.

Recent Authoritative Accounting Guidance

The following discusses new authoritative accounting guidance and the related impact on the Company.

ASU2014-09,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” implements a common revenue standard that clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue. The principle element of ASU 2014-09 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this principle, an entity should apply the following steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. ASU 2014-09 was originally going to be effective for us on January 1,2017; however, the FASB recently issued ASU 2015-14,“Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) – Deferral of the Effective Date" which deferred the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year to January 1,2018. Our revenue is comprised of net interest income on financial assets and financial liabilities, which is explicitly excluded from the scope of ASU 2014-09, and non-interest income. We do not expect these changes to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements. We continue to evaluate the impact of ASU 2014-09 on other components of non-interest income.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Recent Authoritative Accounting Guidance, (Continued)

ASU 2015-16,“Business Combinations (Topic 805) – Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments” requires that adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period of a business combination be recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. Furthermore, the income statement effects of such adjustments, if any, must be calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The portion of the amount recorded in current-period earnings that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the provisional amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date. Under previous guidance, adjustments to provisional amounts identified during the measurement period are to be recognized retrospectively. ASU 2015-16 became effective for the Company on January 1,2016 and did not have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2016-01,Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." ASU 2016-01, among other things, (i) requires equity investments, with certain exceptions, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, (ii) simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment, (iii) eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet, (iv) requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, (v) requires an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments, (vi) requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements and (viii) clarifies that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities. ASU 2016-01 will be effective for us on January 1, 2018 and will not have a significant impact on our financial statements.

ASU2016-02,Leases(Topic 842).” ASU 2016-02 will require lessees to recognize a lease liability, which is a lessee's obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for us on January 1,2019 and will require transition using a modified retrospective approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the consolidated financial statements. We are evaluating the potential impact of ASU 2016-02 on our consolidated financial statements.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Recent Authoritative Accounting Guidance, (Continued)

ASU 2016-05, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships.” ASU 2016-05 clarifies that a change in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as the hedging instrument under ASC Topic 815 does not, in and of itself, require dedesignation of that hedging relationship provided that all other hedge accounting criteria continue to be met. ASU 2016-05 became effective for us on January 1, 2017 and did not have a significant impact on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-09,“Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” Under ASU 2016-09, all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies related to share-based payment awards should be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement during the period in which they occur. Previously, such amounts were recorded in the pool of excess tax benefits included in additional paid-in capital, if such pool was available. Because excess tax benefits are no longer recognized in additional paid-in capital, the assumed proceeds from applying the treasury stock method when computing earnings per share excludes the amount of excess tax benefits that would have previously been recognized in additional paid-in capital. Additionally, excess tax benefits should be classified along with other income tax cash flows as an operating activity rather than a financing activity, as was previously the case. ASU 2016-09 also provides that an entity can make an entity-wide accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest (current GAAP) or account for forfeitures when they occur. ASU 2016-09 changes the threshold to qualify for equity classification (rather than as a liability) to permit withholding up to the maximum statutory tax rates (rather than the minimum as was previously the case) in the applicable jurisdictions. The Company elected to adopt the provisions of ASU 2016-09 in 2016 in advance of the required application date of January 1,2017. The adoption of this standard reduced reported income tax expense by $478, or approximately $0.06 per diluted common share, for 2016. The Company did not apply the provisions of this pronouncement retrospectively.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Recent Authoritative Accounting Guidance, (Continued)

ASU 2016-13,“Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” ASU 2016-13 requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts and requires enhanced disclosures related to the significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization’s portfolio. In addition, ASU 2016-13 amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. ASU 2016-13 will be effective on January 1, 2020. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU 2016-13 on our financial statements. We are currently developing an implementation plan to include assessment of processes, portfolio segmentation, model development, system requirements and the identification of data and resource needs, among other things. We are also currently evaluating selected third-party vendor solutions to assist us in the application of the ASU 2016-13. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 is likely to result in an increase in the allowance for loan losses as a result of changing from an “incurred loss” model, which encompasses allowances for current known and inherent losses within the portfolio, to an “expected loss” model, which encompasses allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio. Furthermore, ASU 2016-13 will necessitate that we establish an allowance for expected credit losses on debt securities. While we are currently unable to reasonably estimate the impact of adopting ASU 2016-13, we expect that the impact of adoption will be significantly influenced by the composition, characteristics and quality of our loan and securities portfolios as well as the prevailing economic conditions and forecasts as of the adoption date.

ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.” ASU 2016-15 provides guidance related to certain cash flow issues in order to reduce the current and potential future diversity in practice. ASU 2016-15 will be effective for the Company on January 1,2018 and is not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

ASU2016-16,“Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory.” ASU 2016-16 provides guidance stating that an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. ASU 2016-16 will be effective for the Company on January 1,2018 and is not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

ASU2016-18,“Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Restricted Cash.” ASU 2016-18 requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 will be effective for the Company on January 1,2018 and is not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Recent Authoritative Accounting Guidance, (Continued)

ASU2017-01,“Business Combinations (Topic 805) - Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” ASU 2017-01 clarifies the definition and provides a more robust framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities constitutes a business. ASU 2017-01 is intended to provide guidance when evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. ASU 2017-01 will be effective for the Company on January 1,2018 and is not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2017-04,Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) - Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” ASU 2017-04 eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test which required entities to compute the implied fair value of goodwill. Under ASU 2017-04, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. ASU 2017-04 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2020, with earlier adoption permitted and is not presently expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2017-05,Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20) - Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets.” ASU 2017-05 clarifies the scope of Subtopic 610-20 and adds guidance for partial sales of nonfinancial assets, including partial sales of real estate. Historically, U.S. GAAP contained several different accounting models to evaluate whether the transfer of certain assets qualified for sale treatment. ASU 2017-05 reduces the number of potential accounting models that might apply and clarifies which model does apply in various circumstances. ASU 2017-05 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018 and is not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2017-08,Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20) - Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities.” ASU 2017-08 shortens the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium to require such premiums to be amortized to the earliest call date unless applicable guidance related to certain pools of securities is applied to consider estimated prepayments. Under prior guidance, entities were generally required to amortize premiums on individual, non-pooled callable debt securities as a yield adjustment over the contractual life of the security. ASU 2017-08 does not change the accounting for callable debt securities held at a discount. ASU 2017-08 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU 2017-08 on the consolidated financial statements.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Recent Authoritative Accounting Guidance, (Continued)

ASU 2017-09,Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Scope of Modification Accounting.” ASU 2017-09 clarifies when changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award must be accounted for as modifications. Under ASU 2017-09, an entity will not apply modification accounting to a share-based payment award if all of the following are the same immediately before and after the change: (i) the award's fair value, (ii) the award's vesting conditions and (iii) the award's classification as an equity or liability instrument. ASU 2017-09 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018 and is not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2017-12,Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.” ASU 2017-12 amends the hedge accounting recognition and presentation requirements in ASC 815 to improve the transparency and understandability of information conveyed to financial statement users about an entity’s risk management activities to better align the entity’s financial reporting for hedging relationships with those risk management activities and to reduce the complexity of and simplify the application of hedge accounting. ASU 2017-12 will be effective for us on January 1, 2019 and is not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2018-02,“Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive IncomeIn February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued updated guidance which permits entities to reclassify stranded tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted by the U.S. federal government on December 22, 2017. The updated guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company elected to adopt this change in accounting principle in the fourth quarter of 2017, which resulted in a decrease to retained earnings and an increase to accumulated other comprehensive income of $245 in 2017 on the Company’s consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 2 - SECURITIES

The amortized cost and fair value of available for sale securities and the related gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:

  

December 31, 2017

 
      

Gross

  

Gross

  

Estimated

 
  

Amortized

  

Unrealized

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

 
  

Cost

  

Gains

  

Losses

  

Value

 

U. S. Treasury and other U. S. government agencies

 $17,339  $45  $(96) $17,288 

State and municipal

  189,576   3,081   (905)  191,752 

Corporate bonds

  1,500   5   (13)  1,492 

Mortgage backed securities

  6,262   3   (96)  6,169 

Time deposits

  3,500   -   -   3,500 
                 

Total

 $218,177  $3,134  $(1,110) $220,201 

  

December 31, 2016

 
      

Gross

  

Gross

  

Estimated

 
  

Amortized

  

Unrealized

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

 
  

Cost

  

Gains

  

Losses

  

Value

 

U. S. Treasury and other U. S. government agencies

 $1,909  $4  $(5) $1,908 

State and municipal

  122,813   446   (3,625)  119,634 

Corporate bonds

  2,000   8   (21)  1,987 

Mortgage backed securities

  20,197   11   (174)  20,034 

Time deposits

  3,250   -   -   3,250 
                 

Total

 $150,169  $469  $(3,825) $146,813 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 2 - SECURITIES (CONTINUED)

There were no held to maturity securities as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. On January 16, 2015, as part of a strategy to reposition the Company’s investment portfolio, $20,806 of securities classified as held to maturity were sold resulting in a loss on sale of $396. Subsequent to the sale, all other securities classified as held to maturity were transferred to available for sale.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of available for sale securities at December 31, 2017 are presented below by contractual maturity. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Mortgage backed securities are shown separately since they are not due at a single maturity date.

  

Amortized

  

Estimated

 
  

Cost

  

Fair Value

 

Due within one year

 $5,004  $5,011 

Due in one to five years

  13,659   13,641 

Due in five to ten years

  11,246   11,347 

Due after ten years

  182,006   184,033 

Mortgage backed securities

  6,262   6,169 
         
Total $218,177  $220,201 

The following table shows available for sale securities with unrealized losses and their estimated fair value aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2017:

  

Less than 12 months

  

12 months or more

  

Total

 
  

Estimated

  

Unrealized

  

Estimated

  

Unrealized

  

Estimated

  

Unrealized

 
  

Fair Value

  

Loss

  

Fair Value

  

Loss

  

Fair Value

  

Loss

 

Description of Securities 

                        

U. S. Treasury and other U. S. government agencies

 $9,057  $74  $1,345  $22  $10,402  $96 

State and municipal

  19,899   128   34,946   777   54,845   905 

Corporate bonds

  -   -   487   13   487   13 

Mortgage backed securities

  2,412   14   3,349   82   5,761   96 
                         

Total temporarily impaired

 $31,368  $216  $40,127  $894  $71,495  $1,110 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 2 - SECURITIES (CONTINUED)

The following table shows available for sale securities with unrealized losses and their estimated fair value aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2016:

  

 Less than 12 months 

  

 12 months or more 

  

 Total 

 
  

Estimated

  

Unrealized

  

Estimated

  

Unrealized

  

Estimated

  

Unrealized

 
  

 Fair Value 

  

 Loss 

  

 Fair Value 

  

 Loss 

  

 Fair Value 

  

 Loss 

 

Description of Securities

                        

U. S. Treasury and other U. S. government agencies  

 $748  $5  $-  $-  $748  $5 

 State and municipal 

  83,637   3,597   1,115   28   84,752   3,625 

 Corporate bonds

  496   4   983   17   1,479   21 

 Mortgage backed securities  

  17,599   129   1,255   45   18,854   174 
                         

Total temporarily impaired

 $102,480  $3,735  $3,353  $90  $105,833  $3,825 

At December 31, 2017, management had the intent and ability to hold all securities in a loss position for the foreseeable future, and the decline in fair value was largely due to changes in interest rates. The fair value is expected to recover as the securities approach their maturity date and/or market rates decline. There were 120 and 193 securities in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

During the years ended December 31, 2017,2016 and 2015, gross realized gains on sales of securities were $97,$359 and $75, respectively, and gross realized losses were $38,$323 and $463, respectively.

Securities pledged at December 31, 2017 and 2016 had a market value of $78,220 and $36,292, respectively, and were pledged to collateralize Federal Home Loan Bank advances, Federal Reserve advances and municipal deposits.

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity other than U.S Treasury and other U.S government agencies.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Loans at December 31, 2017 and 2016 were comprised as follows:

  

December 31,
2017

  

December 31,

2016

 

Commerical, Industrial and Agricultural

 $138,706  $134,404 

Real Estate

        

1-4 Family Residential

  111,932   113,031 

1-4 Family HELOC

  72,017   57,460 

Multi-family and Commercial

  261,044   215,639 

Construction, Land Development and Farmland

  156,452   115,889 

Consumer

  17,605   17,240 

Other

  14,694   13,745 
   772,450   667,408 

Less

        

Deferred loan fees

  231   625 

Allowance for possible loan losses

  9,731   9,082 
         

Loans, net

 $762,488  $657,701 

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, loans are recorded net of purchase discounts of $272 and $1,210, respectively.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

Activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment was as follows for the year ended December 31, 2017:

  

Commercial Industrial and Agricultural

  

Multi Family

and

Commercial
Real Estate

  

Construction

Land Development

and Farmland

  

1-4 Family

Residential

Real Estate

 

Beginning balance

 $2,432  $2,737  $1,786  $1,178 

Charge-offs

  (976)  -   (45)  (14)

Recoveries

  378   -   5   - 

Provision

  704   429   688   (391)

Ending balance

 $2,538  $3,166  $2,434  $773 

  

1-4 Family

HELOC

  

Consumer

  

Other

  

Total

 

Beginning balance

 $704  $208  $37  $9,082 

Charge-offs

  -   (36)  -   (1,071)

Recoveries

  19   2   -   404 

Provision

  (128)  9   5   1,316 

Ending balance

 $595  $183  $42  $9,731 

Activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment was as follows for the year ended December 31, 2016:

  

Commercial Industrial and Agricultural

  

Multi Family

and

Commercial
Real Estate

  

Construction

Land Development

and Farmland

  

1-4 Family

Residential

Real Estate

 

Beginning balance

 $2,198  $2,591  $894  $1,214 

Charge-offs

  (84)  -   -   (25)

Recoveries

  323   18   6   66 

Provision

  (5)  128   886   (77)

Ending balance

 $2,432  $2,737  $1,786  $1,178��

1-4 Family

HELOC

Consumer

Other

Total

Beginning balance

$699$192$35$7,823

Charge-offs

--(36)(145)

Recoveries

1112-436

Provision

(6)438968

Ending balance

$704$208$37$9,082

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

Activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment was as follows for the year ended December 31, 2015:

  

Commercial

Industrial and

Agricultural

  

Multi Family

and

Commercial
Real Estate

  

Construction

Land Development

and Farmland

  

1-4 Family

Residential

Real Estate

    

Beginning balance

 $2,184  $2,070  $742  $642     

Charge-offs

  -   -   -   -     

Recoveries

  346   388   7   15     

Provision

  (332)  133   145   557     

Ending balance

 $2,198  $2,591  $894  $1,214     

  

1-4 Family

HELOC

  

Consumer

  

Other

  

Unallocated

  

Total

 

Beginning balance

 $854  $181  $2  $678  $7,353 

Charge-offs

  (6)  (35)  -   -   (41)

Recoveries

  25   -   -   -   781 

Provision

  (174)  46   33   (678)  (270)

Ending balance

 $699  $192  $35  $-  $7,823 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

The allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of December 31, 2017 was as follows:

  

Commercial

Industrial and

Agricultural

  

Multi Family

and

Commercial
Real Estate

  

Construction

Land Development

and Farmland

  

1-4 Family

Residential

Real Estate

 

Allowance for loan losses

                

Individually evaluated for impairment

 $606  $-  $57  $- 

Acquired with credit impairment

  2   -   2   - 

Collectively evaluated for impairment

  1,930   3,166   2,375   773 

Total

 $2,538  $3,166  $2,434  $773 

Loans

                

Individually evaluated for impairment

 $3,649  $1,921  $3,800  $2,114 

Acquired with credit impairment

  276   1,157   1,436   45 

Collectively evaluated for impairment

  134,781   257,966   151,216   109,773 

Total

 $138,706  $261,044  $156,452  $111,932 

  

1-4 Family

HELOC

  

Consumer

  

Other

  

Total

 

Allowance for loan losses 

                

Individually evaluated for impairment 

 $-  $-  $-  $663 

Acquired with credit impairment 

  -   -   -   4 

Collectively evaluated for impairment  

  595   183   42   9,064 

Total 

 $595  $183  $42  $9,731 

Loans 

                

Individually evaluated for impairment 

 $90  $-  $-  $11,574 

Acquired with credit impairment 

  -   -   -   2,914 

Collectively evaluated for impairment  

  71,927   17,605   14,694   757,962 

Total 

 $72,017  $17,605  $14,694  $772,450 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

The allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of December 31, 2016 was as follows:

  

Commercial

Industrial and

Agricultural

  

Multi Family

and

Commercial
Real Estate

  

Construction

Land Development

and Farmland

  

1-4 Family

Residential

Real Estate

 

Allowance for loan losses 

                

Individually evaluated for impairment 

 $747  $-  $17  $27 

Acquired with credit impairment 

  -   6   -   - 

Collectively evaluated for impairment  

  1,685   2,731   1,769   1,151 

Total 

 $2,432  $2,737  $1,786  $1,178 

Loans 

                

Individually evaluated for impairment 

 $5,375  $2,036  $2,544  $1,972 

Acquired with credit impairment 

  329   2,852   1,481   89 

Collectively evaluated for impairment  

  128,700   210,751   111,864   110,970 

Total 

 $134,404  $215,639  $115,889  $113,031 

  

1-4 Family HELOC

  

Consumer

  

Other

  

Total

 

Allowance for loan losses 

                

Individually evaluated for impairment 

 $62  $-  $-  $853 

Acquired with credit impairment 

  -   -   -   6 

Collectively evaluated for impairment  

  642   208   37   8,223 

Total 

 $704  $208  $37  $9,082 

Loans 

                

Individually evaluated for impairment 

 $1,479  $-  $-  $13,406 

Acquired with credit impairment 

  16   -   -   4,767 

Collectively evaluated for impairment  

  55,965   17,240   13,745   649,235 

Total 

 $57,460  $17,240  $13,745  $667,408 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

secure each loan. Risk characteristics relevant to each portfolio segment are as follows:


Commercial,industrialand industrial:agricultural: The commercial, industrial and industrialagricultural loan portfolio segment includes commercial and industrial loans to commercial customers for use in normal business operations to finance working capital needs, equipment purchases or other expansion projects. Collection risk in this portfolio is driven by the creditworthiness of underlying borrowers, particularly cash flow from customers’ business operations. Commercial, industrial and industrialagricultural loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial and industrial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and may incorporate a personal guarantee; however, some short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis. InThis class also includes PPP loans originated during the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers.

year.


Multi-family and commercial real estate: Commercial Multi-family and commercial real estate loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial, industrial and industrialagricultural loans, in addition to those of real estate loans. These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate.

Commercial


Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally largely dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. The properties securingcomprising the Company’s commercial real estate portfolio are diverse in terms of type. This diversity helps reduce the Company’s exposure to adverse economic events that affect any single market or industry. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on collateral, geography and risk grade criteria. The Company also utilizes third-partythird-party experts to provide insight and guidance about economic conditions and trends affecting the market areas it serves. In addition, management tracks the level of owner-occupied commercial real estate loans versus non-owner occupied loans. Non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans are loans secured by multifamily and commercial properties where the primary source of repayment is derived from rental income associated with the property (that is, loans for which 50 percent or more of the source of repayment comes from third party, nonaffiliated rental income) or the proceeds of the sale, refinancing, or permanent financing of the property.

These loans are made to finance income-producing properties such as apartment buildings, office and industrial buildings, and retail properties. Owner-occupied commercial real estate loans are loans where the primary source of repayment is the cash flow from the ongoing operations and business activities conducted by the party, or an affiliate of the party, who owns the property.


F-34

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

At December 31, 2017, approximately 39% of the outstanding principal balance of the Company’s commercial real estate loan portfolio was secured by owner-occupied properties.

Construction and land development: Loans for non-owner-occupiednon-owner-occupied real estate construction or land development are generally repaid through cash flow related to the operation, sale or refinance of the property. The Company also finances construction loans for owner-occupied properties. A portion of the Company’s construction and land development portfolio segment is comprised of loans secured by residential product types (residential land and single-family construction). With respect to construction loans to developers and builders that are secured by non-owner occupied properties that the Company may originate from time to time, the Company generally requires the borrower to have had an existing relationship with the Company and have a proven record of success. Construction and land development loans are underwritten utilizing feasibility studies, independent appraisal reviews, sensitivity analysis of absorption and lease rates, market sales activity, and financial analysis of the developers and property owners.

Construction loans are generally based upon estimates of costs and value associated with the complete project. These estimates may be inaccurate. Construction loans often involve the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment substantiallysubstantially dependent on the success of the ultimate project. Sources of repayment for these types of loans may be pre-committed permanent loans from approved long-term lenders, sales of developed property or an interim loan commitment from the Company until permanent financing is obtained. These loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections and are considered to have higher risks than other real estate loans due to their ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property, general economic conditions and the availability of long-term financing.

1-4


1-4family residential real estate: Residential real estate loans, which include related manufactured homes with real estate, represent loans to consumers or investors to finance a residence. These loans are typically financed on 1515- to 30 year30-year amortization terms, but generally with shorter maturities of 5 to 15 years. Many of these loans are extended to borrowers to
F-15

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
finance their primary or secondary residence. Loans to an investor secured by a 1-41-4 family residence will be repaid from either the rental income from the property or from the sale of the property. This loan segment also includes closed-end home equity loans that are secured by a first or second mortgage on the borrower’s residence. This allows customers to borrow against the equity in their home. Loans in this portfolio segment are underwritten and approved based on a number of credit quality criteria including limits on maximum Loan-to-Value (LTV)("LTV"), minimum credit scores, and maximum debt to income. Real estate market values as of the time the loan is made directly affect the amount of credit extended and, in addition, changes in these residential propertymarket values influenceimpact the depth of potential losses in this portfolio segment.


F-35

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

1-41-4 family HELOC: This loan segment includes open-end home equity loans that are secured by a first or second mortgage on the borrower’s residence. This allows customers to borrow against the equity in their home utilizing a revolving line of credit. These loans are underwritten and approved based on a number of credit quality criteria including limits on maximum LTV, minimum credit scores, and maximum debt to income. Real estate market values as of the time the loan is made directly affect the amount of credit extended and, in addition, changes in these residential propertymarket values influenceimpact the depth of potential losses in this portfolio segment. Because of the revolving nature of these loans as well as the fact that many represent second mortgages, this portfolio segment can contain more risk than the amortizing 1-41-4 family residential real estate loans.


Consumer: The consumer loan portfolio segment includes non-real estate secured direct loans to consumers for household, family, and other personal expenditures.expenditures as well as manufactured homes without real estate. Consumer loans may be secured or unsecured and are usually structured with short or medium term maturities. These loans are underwritten and approved based on a number of consumer credit quality criteria including limits on maximum LTV on secured consumer loans, minimum credit scores, and maximum debt to income. Many traditional forms of consumer installment credit have standard monthly payments and fixed repayment schedules of one to five years. These loans are made with either fixed or variable interest rates that are based on specific indices. Loans to finance manufactured homes that are not secured by real estate are classified as consumer loans and have standard monthly payments and fixed repayment schedules of 15 to 23 years. Installment loans fill a variety of needs, such as financing the purchase of an automobile, a boat, a recreational vehicle, or other large personal items, or for consolidating debt. These loans may be unsecured or secured by an assignment of title, as in an automobile loan, or by money in a bank account. In addition to consumer installment loans, this portfolio segment also includes secured and unsecured personal lines of credit as well as overdraft protection lines. Loans in this portfolio segment are sensitive to unemployment and other key consumer economic measures.

Non-accrual


The accrual of interest is discontinued when a loan becomes 90 days past due according to the contractual terms of the note unless it is well collateralized and in the process of collection, or when management believes, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, that the principal or interest will not be collectible in the normal course of business. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, previously accrued and uncollected interest is charged against interest income on loans. Amortization of deferred loan fees is discontinued when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status. When full collection of the remaining book balance is uncertain, interest payments received are applied to the principal balance outstanding. In some cases, when the remaining book balance of the loan is deemed fully collectible, payments are treated as interest income on a cash basis. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. Loans can also be returned to accrual status when they become well secured and in the process of collection.

Acquired Loans

Acquired loans by classare accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. The acquired loans are recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Fair value of acquired loans is determined using a discounted cash flow model based on assumptions regarding the amount and timing of principal and interest payments, estimated prepayments, estimated default rates, estimated loss severity in the event of defaults, and current market rates. Estimated credit losses are included in the determination of fair value; therefore, an allowance for loan were as follows:

losses is not recorded on the acquisition date.
  

December 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

 2017 

  

 2016 

 

Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural

 $2,110  $3,062 

Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate

  -   636 

Construction, Land Development and Farmland

  2,518   730 

1-4 Family Residential Real Estate

  533   344 

1-4 Family HELOC

  -   862 
         

Total

 $5,161  $5,634 

Performing non-accrual loans totaled $1,096

An acquired loan is considered purchased credit impaired when there is evidence of credit deterioration since origination and $2,799it is probable at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

the date of acquisition that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payments.

F-36
F-16

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

Individually impaired

Loans acquired in connection with a business combination are recorded at fair value, since any credit deterioration evident in the loans is included in the determination of the acquisition date fair values. No initial ALL is recorded for such acquired loans because all loans are recorded at fair value at merger date. Impaired purchased loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30, in which an ALL subsequent to the date of acquisition is established by classre-estimating expected cash flows on these loans, with any decline in expected cash flows due to a credit triggering impairment recorded as purchased credit impairment (PCI). The amount is the excess of the loan’s carrying value over the present value of projected future cash flows, discounted at the current accounting yield of the loan or the fair value of collateral (less estimated costs to sell) for collateral dependent loans. These cash flow evaluations are inherently subjective as they require material estimates, all of which may be susceptible to significant change. While the determination of specific cash flows involves estimates, each estimate is unique to the individual loan, and none is individually significant. For non-purchased credit-impaired loans wereacquired in a merger and that are accounted for under ASC 310-20, the historical loss estimates are based on the historical losses experienced by Reliant Bank for loans with similar characteristics as followsthose acquired other than purchased credit-impaired loans. We establish an ALL provision for these loans only when the calculated amount exceeds the remaining credit mark established at acquisition.

Concentrations

At December 31, 2017:

2020 and 2019, the Company had significant credit exposures to borrowers in real estate. If this industry experiences another economic slowdown and, as a result, the borrowers in this industry are unable to meet the obligations of their existing loan agreements, earnings could be negatively impacted. The Company is concentrated in the middle Tennessee regional market and the operating results are impacted by the economic conditions of that area.
  

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

  

Recorded Investment

with no

Allowance Recorded

  

Recorded Investment

with

Allowance Recorded

  

Total

Recorded
Investment

  

Related
Allowance

 
                     

Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural 

 $4,398  $2,959  $966  $3,925  $608 

Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate 

  3,427   3,078   -   3,078   - 

Construction, Land Development and Farmland 

  5,317   3,249   1,987   5,236   59 

1-4 Family Residential Real Estate 

  2,857   2,159   -   2,159   - 

1-4 Family HELOC 

  90   90   -   90   - 
                     

Total  

 $16,089  $11,535  $2,953  $14,488  $667 

Individually

Allowance for Loan Loss

The allowance for loan loss ("ALL") is an estimate of future probable credit losses. Losses on loans are charged against the ALL when management believes the remaining balance due has become uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the ALL.

General Component: The general component of the allowance for loan losses covers loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment. Large groups of homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment, and accordingly, they are not included in the separately identified impairment disclosures. The general allowance component also includes loans that are individually identified for impairment evaluation but are not considered impaired. The general component is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors such as 1) the nature and volume of the portfolio, 2) current economic conditions (national and local), 3) changes in interest rates, 4) portfolio concentrations, 5) changes in the experience, ability, and depth of the lending function, and 6) levels of and trends in charged-off loans, recoveries, past-due loans and volume and severity of classified loans.

Specific Component: The specific component relates to loans that are individually determined to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans for which the terms have been modified resulting in a concession, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) and classified as impaired.

Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. All classified loans by classand loans on nonaccrual status are individually evaluated for impairment.

If a loan is impaired, a portion of loans werethe allowance is allocated based on the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral less costs to sell if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Changes to the valuation allowance are recorded as follows at December 31, 2016:

  

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

  

Recorded Investment

with no

Allowance Recorded

  

Recorded Investment

with

Allowance Recorded

  

Total

Recorded
Investment

  

Related
Allowance

 
                     

Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural 

 $6,383  $3,924  $1,780  $5,704  $747 

Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate 

  5,666   2,914   1,974   4,888   6 

Construction, Land Development and Farmland 

  4,124   3,854   171   4,025   17 

1-4 Family Residential Real Estate 

  2,422   2,035   27   2,062   27 

1-4 Family HELOC 

  2,075   1,178   317   1,495   62 
                     

Total  

 $20,670  $13,905  $4,269  $18,174  $859 

Individually impaired loans by classa component of loans were as follows at December 31, 2015:

the provision for loan losses.
  

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

  

Recorded Investment

with no

Allowance Recorded

  

Recorded Investment

with

Allowance Recorded

  

Total

Recorded
Investment

  

Related
Allowance

 
                     

Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural 

 $4,047  $2,145  $1,180  $3,325  $485 

Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate 

  6,958   5,452   713   6,165   11 

Construction, Land Development and Farmland 

  1,831   1,496   224   1,720   22 

1-4 Family Residential Real Estate 

  3,763   3,009   372   3,381   241 

1-4 Family HELOC 

  2,363   1,309   946   2,255   190 
                     

Total  

 $18,962  $13,411  $3,435  $16,846  $949 

F-37
F-17

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

TDRs are individually evaluated for impairment and included in the separately identified impairment disclosures. TDRs are measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception. If a TDR is considered to be a collateral dependent loan, the loan is reported, net, at the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell.

Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
Mortgage loans originated with the intent to sell to third party investors are classified as held for sale (LHFS). Such loans are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or market value, as determined by pricing on an individual loan basis. These loans are typically marketed to potential investors prior to closing the loan with the borrower. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recorded through a valuation allowance and charged to operations. The valuation allowance was $0 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company does not retain servicing rights to mortgage loans following sale.

Transfers of Financial Assets

Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been relinquished. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when the assets have been isolated from the Company, the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before maturity.

Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets or the terms of the related lease for leasehold improvements. The range of estimated useful lives for buildings is 30 to 40 years, for leasehold improvements is 3 to 25 years, which correlates with the applicable lease term, and for furniture, fixtures and equipment is 3 to 7 years. Gain or loss on items retired and otherwise disposed of is credited or charged to operations and the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the asset and accumulated depreciation accounts.
Expenditures and improvements of premises and equipment are capitalized and those for maintenance and repairs are charged to earnings as incurred.

These assets are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their carrying amount may not be recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows. If impaired, the assets are recorded at fair value.

Leases

The Company leases certain banking, mortgage and operations locations. Effective January 1, 2020, the Company records leases on the balance sheet in the form of a lease liability for the present value of future minimum payments under the lease terms and a right-of-use asset equal to the lease liability adjusted for items such as deferred or prepaid rent, incentive liabilities, leasehold intangibles and any impairment of the right-of-use asset. In determining whether a contract contains a lease, management conducts an analysis at lease inception to ensure an asset was specifically identified and the Company has control of use of the asset. For contracts determined to be leases entered into after January 1, 2020, the Company performs additional analysis to determine whether the lease should be classified as a finance or operating lease. The Company considers a lease to be a finance lease if future minimum lease payments amount to greater than 90% of the asset's fair value or if the lease term is equal to or greater than 75% of the asset's estimated economic useful life. As of December 31, 2020, the Company did not have any leases that were determined to be finance leases. The Company does not record leases on the consolidated balance sheets that are classified as short term (less than one year). Additionally, the Company has not recorded equipment leases or leases in which the Company is the lessor on the consolidated balance sheets as these are not material to the Company.

At lease inception, the Company determines the lease term by adding together the minimum lease term and all optional renewal periods that it is reasonably certain to renew. This determination is at management's full discretion and is made through consideration of the asset, market conditions, competition and entity based economic conditions, among other factors. The lease term is used in the economic life test and also to calculate straight-line rent expense. The depreciable life of leasehold improvements is limited by the estimated lease term, including renewals.
F-18

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

Operating leases are expensed on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease beginning when the lease commences. Rent expense and variable lease expense are included in occupancy expense on the Company's Consolidated statements of Operations. The Company's variable lease expense include rent escalators that are based on the Consumer Price Index or market conditions and include items such as common area maintenance, utilities, parking, property taxes, insurance and other costs associated with the lease.

There are no residual value guarantees or restrictions or covenants imposed by leases that will impact the Company's ability to pay dividends or cause the Company to incur additional expenses. The discount rate used in determining the lease liability is based upon incremental borrowing rates the Company could obtain for similar loans as of the date of commencement or renewal.

Restricted Equity Securities

The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) system and the Federal Reserve system and is required to hold stock in both entities. These investments are carried at cost, classified as restricted equity securities, and periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as interest income.

Other Real Estate

Real estate acquired in the settlement of loans is initially recorded at estimated fair value, less estimated cost to sell, if less than the carrying value of the loan when acquired. Fair value is based on independent appraisals and other relevant factors. Valuation adjustments required at foreclosure are charged to the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent to foreclosure, additional losses resulting from the periodic revaluation of the property are charged to other real estate expense. Costs of operating and maintaining the properties and any gains or losses recognized on disposition are also included in other real estate expense. Improvements made to properties are capitalized if the expenditures are expected to be recovered upon the sale of the properties. At December 31, 2020, retired bank facilities of $1,198 were also included in other real estate.

Cash Surrender Value of Life Insurance Contracts

The Company is the owner and beneficiary of various life insurance policies on certain key employees. These policies are recorded at their cash surrender values.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill resulting from business combinations is generally determined as the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree, over the fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events and circumstances exists that indicate that a goodwill impairment test should be performed. The Company has selected September 30th as the date to perform the annual impairment test. Intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values. Goodwill is the only intangible asset with an indefinite life on the balance sheet.

Other intangible assets consist of core deposit intangible assets arising from whole bank acquisitions and are amortized on an accelerated method over their estimated useful lives, which range from eight years to eleven years.

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer financing needs. The face amount for these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded. 

F-19

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
Derivatives

At the inception of a derivative contract, the Company designates the derivative as one of three types based on the Company's intentions and belief as to the likely effectiveness as a hedge. These three types are (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment ("fair value hedge"), (2) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability ("cash flow hedge"), or (3) an instrument with no hedging designation ("stand-alone derivative"). For a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item, are recognized in current earnings as fair values change. For a cash flow hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative is reported in other comprehensive income and is reclassified into earnings in the same periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. For both types of hedges, changes in the fair value of derivatives that are not highly effective in hedging the changes in fair value or expected cash flows of the hedged item are recognized immediately in current earnings.

Net cash settlements on derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting are recorded in interest income or interest expense, based on the item being hedged. Net cash settlements on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are reported in noninterest income. Cash flows on hedges are classified in the cash flow statement the same as the cash flows of the items being hedged.

The Company formally documents the relationship between derivatives and hedged items, as well as the risk-management objective and the strategy for undertaking hedge transactions at the inception of the hedging relationship. This documentation includes linking fair value or cash flow hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The Company also formally assesses, both at the hedge's inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivative instruments that are used are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged items. The Company discontinues hedge accounting when it determines that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item, the derivative is settled or terminates, a hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable, a hedged firm commitment is no longer firm, or treatment of the derivative as a hedge is no longer appropriate or intended.

When hedge accounting is discontinued, subsequent changes in fair value of the derivative are recorded as noninterest income. When a fair value hedge is discontinued, the hedged asset or liability is no longer adjusted for changes in fair value and the existing basis adjustment is amortized or accreted over the remaining life of the asset or liability. When a cash flow hedge is discontinued but the hedged cash flows or forecasted transactions are still expected to occur, gains or losses that were accumulated in other comprehensive income are amortized into earnings over the same periods which the hedged transactions will affect earnings.

Stock-Based Compensation

Compensation cost recognized for stock options and restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards issued to employees is based on the fair value of these awards at the date of grant, reduced for forfeitures. A binomial model is utilized to estimate the fair value of stock options. Compensation cost is recognized over the required service period, generally defined as the vesting period.

Income Taxes
Income tax expense or benefit is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences between carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the expected amount most likely to be realized. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of a sufficient level of future taxable income and recoverable taxes paid in prior years. Although realization is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets will be realized.
Management performs an evaluation of all income tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Company’s income tax returns to determine whether the income tax positions meet a “more likely than not” standard of being sustained under examination by the applicable taxing authorities. Management has performed its evaluation of all income tax
F-20

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
positions taken on all open income tax returns and has determined that there were no positions taken that do not meet the “more likely than not” standard. Penalties and interest relating to income taxes are recognized in income tax expense.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various states. The Company’s federal and states income tax returns for years prior to fiscal year 2018 are no longer open to examination.

Earnings Per Share
Earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus shares representing the dilutive effect of stock options, restricted stock awards and units, and employee stock purchase plan shares outstanding.

The following is a summary of the components comprising basic and diluted earnings per common share of stock (EPS) for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018:
 Year Ended
 202020192018
Basic EPS Computation
Net income attributable to common shareholders$31,412 $16,196 $14,085 
Weighted average common shares outstanding15,444,504 11,212,127 11,389,122 
Basic earnings per common share$2.03 $1.44 $1.24 
Diluted EPS Computation
Net income attributable to common shareholders$31,412 $16,196 $14,085 
Weighted average common shares outstanding15,444,504 11,212,127 11,389,122 
Dilutive effect of stock options, restricted stock shares and units, and employee stock purchase plan77,513 69,135 79,667 
Adjusted weighted average common shares outstanding15,522,017 11,281,262 11,468,789 
Diluted earnings per common share$2.02 $1.44 $1.23 

Stock options for common stock totaling 55,600, 60,500 and 62,910 were not considered in computing diluted earnings per common share for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, because they were antidilutive.

Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses on AFS securities and derivatives, net of taxes. These gains and losses are recognized as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

Loss Contingencies

Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. Management does not believe there are such matters that will have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. 

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and totaled $988, $1,293 and $600 for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

F-21

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
Segment Reporting

The Company’s Mortgage division represents a distinct reportable segment which differs from the Company’s primary business of Banking. Accordingly, a reconciliation of reportable segment revenues, expenses and profit to the Company’s consolidated total has been presented in "Note 17 - Segment Reporting".

Fair Value Measurements

Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions, as more fully disclosed in a separate note. Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect these estimates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Principles

ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize a lease liability, which is a lessee's obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis, and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. ASU 2016-02 went into effect for the Company on January 1, 2020 and the Company elected the prospective application approach provided by ASU 2018-11 and did not adjust prior periods for ASC 842. The Company also elected certain practical expedients within the standard and consistent with such elections did not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, did not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and did not reassess any initial direct costs for existing leases. The effect of implementing this pronouncement resulted in right to use assets of $11,973 and a similar corresponding liability, as of January 1, 2020.

ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) - Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” ASU 2017-04 eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test which required entities to compute the implied fair value of goodwill. Under ASU 2017-04, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. ASU 2017-04 was early adopted as of January 1, 2020 and did not have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements as it simplifies the test of impairment of goodwill.

ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting." In March 2020, the FASB issued Topic 848 amendments to provide optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. It provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments in this update are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company has evaluated the effect of the pronouncement on the consolidated financial statements, noting no significant impact.

ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.” ASU 2017-12 amends the hedge accounting recognition and presentation requirements in ASC 815 to improve the transparency and understandability of information conveyed to financial statement users about an entity’s risk management activities to better align the entity’s financial reporting for hedging relationships with those risk management activities and to reduce the complexity of and simplify the application of hedge accounting. ASU 2017-12 was adopted on January 1, 2020 and did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2018-16, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes.” The amendments in this update permit use of the OIS rate based on SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes under Topic 815 in addition to the interest rates on direct U.S. Treasury obligations, the LIBOR swap rate, the OIS rate based on the Fed Funds Effective Rate and the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (SIFMA) Municipal Swap Rate. ASU 2018-16 was effective for us on January 1, 2020 and did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

F-22

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) - Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.” ASU 2018-13 modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820. The amendments in this update remove disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial, modify/clarify the specific requirements of certain disclosures, and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant. ASU 2018-13 was adopted on January 1, 2020, and did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements. 

Newly Issued not yet Adopted Accounting Standards

ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” ASU 2016-13 requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts and requires enhanced disclosures related to the significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization’s portfolio. In addition, ASU 2016-13 amends the accounting for credit losses on available for sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. ASU 2016-13 is expected to be effective for the Company on January 1, 2023. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU 2016-13 on the Company's financial statements by developing an implementation plan to include assessment of processes, portfolio segmentation, model development, system requirements and the identification of data and resource needs, among other things. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 could result in an increase in the allowance for loan losses as a result of changing from an “incurred loss” model, which encompasses allowances for current known and inherent losses within the portfolio, to an “expected loss” model, which encompasses allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio. Furthermore, ASU 2016-13 will necessitate that we establish an allowance for expected credit losses for certain debt securities and other financial assets. In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (ASC 326), Derivatives and Hedging (ASC 815), and Financial Instruments (ASC 825). The amendments in this ASU improve the codification by eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications. The amended guidance in this ASU related to credit losses is expected to be effective for the Company in conjunction with the adoption of the standard on January 1, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of these ASUs on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. While we are currently unable to reasonably estimate the impact of adopting these ASUs, we expect that the impact of adoption will be significantly influenced by the composition, characteristics and quality of the Company's loan and securities portfolios as well as the prevailing economic conditions and forecasts as of the adoption date.

ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.” The guidance issued in this update simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions to the guidance in ASC 740 related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition for deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. ASU 2019-12 also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. ASU 2019-12 will be effective for us on January 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted, and is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 2 - SECURITIES

The amortized cost and fair value of AFS securities and the related gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
 December 31, 2020
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair
Value
 U. S. Treasury and other U. S. government agencies$47 $$$48 
State and municipal184,102 16,963 (77)200,988 
Corporate bonds23,750 397 (34)24,113 
Mortgage-backed securities - Residential28,084 360 (2)28,442 
Asset-backed securities3,083 (22)3,062 
Total$239,066 $17,722 $(135)$256,653 
F-23

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
 December 31, 2019
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair
Value
 U. S. Treasury and other U. S. government agencies$59 $$$59 
State and municipal186,283 10,413 (36)196,660 
Corporate bonds7,880 97 (132)7,845 
Mortgage-backed securities - Residential38,126 296 (661)37,761 
Asset-backed securities18,374 (406)17,968 
Total$250,722 $10,806 $(1,235)$260,293 

There were 0 HTM securities as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of AFS securities at December 31, 2020 are presented below by contractual maturity. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair Value
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair Value
Due within one year$$$999 $1,000 
Due in one to five years2,132 2,143 2,414 2,285 
Due in five to ten years28,737 30,072 10,301 10,834 
Due after ten years177,030 192,934 180,508 190,445 
Mortgage-backed securities28,084 28,442 38,126 37,761 
Asset-backed securities3,083 3,062 18,374 17,968 
Total$239,066 $256,653 $250,722 $260,293 
 Results from sales of securities were as follows:
Year ended December 31
202020192018
Proceeds$151,934 $85,895 $100,737 
Gross gains843 1,810 82 
Gross losses(1,113)(359)(39)

The table above does not include activity from maturities, prepayments, or calls on debt and equity securities.

Securities pledged at December 31, 2020 and 2019 had a market value of $30,491 and $46,918, respectively, and were pledged to collateralize FHLB advances, Federal Reserve advances and municipal deposits.

At December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were 0 holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity.

F-24

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
The following table shows AFS securities with unrealized losses and their estimated fair value aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
 Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
December 31, 2020Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Loss
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Loss
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Loss
State and municipal$9,475 $77 $$$9,475 $77 
Corporate bonds5,716 34 5,716 34 
Mortgage-backed securities - Residential5,024 92 5,116 
Asset-backed securities729 2,013 20 2,742 22 
Total temporarily impaired$20,944 $114 $2,105 $21 $23,049 $135 
December 31, 2019
State and municipal$1,960 $36 $$$1,960 $36 
Corporate bonds2,499 132 2,499 132 
Mortgage-backed securities - Residential16,104 286 9,081 375 25,185 661 
Asset-backed securities17,682 406 17,682 406 
Total temporarily impaired$18,064 $322 29,262 913 $47,326 $1,235 

There were 22 and 47 securities in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Declines in the fair value of securities below their cost that are deemed to be other-than-temporary are reflected in earnings as realized losses to the extent the impairment is related to credit losses. The amount of the impairment of available for sale securities related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses, management considers, among other things, the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer and the intent and ability of the Company to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. The unrealized losses shown above are primarily due to increases in market rates over the yields available at the time of purchase of the underlying securities and not credit quality. Because the Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider these securities to be other than temporarily impaired at December 31, 2020. There were no other-than-temporary impairments for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 or 2018.
F-25

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

Interest income recognized on impaired loans totaled $703,$848 and $853 for the years ended LOSS

Loans at December 31, 2017, 20162020 and 2015, respectively.

2019 were comprised as follows:

 December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$459,739 $245,515 
Real Estate
    1-4 Family Residential323,473227,529
    1-4 Family HELOC100,52596,228
    Multi-family and Commercial834,000536,845
    Construction, Land Development and Farmland365,058273,872
Consumer213,86316,855
Other8,66913,180
Gross loans2,305,3271,410,024
    Less: Deferred loan fees4,544 72
    Less: Allowance for loan losses20,636 12,578
Loans, net$2,280,147 $1,397,374 
The average recorded investment in impairedCompany pledged loans forto the years ended FHLB at December 31, 2017 2020 and 2016 was as follows:

2019 of $646,498 and $429,489.
  

2017

  

2016

 

Commercial, industrial and agricultural 

 $5,225  $6,055 

Multi family and commercial real estate 

  4,138   5,837 

Construction, land development and farmland 

  4,502   3,243 

1-4 family residential real estate 

  2,212   2,715 

1-4 family HELOC 

  784   1,854 

Total  

 $16,861  $19,704 

At December 31, 2020 and 2019, loans are recorded net of purchase discounts of $16,634 and $2,909, respectively.

The Company utilizes a risk grading system to monitor the credit quality of the Company’s commercial loan portfolio which consists of commercial and industrial, commercial real estate and construction loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 9. Grades 1 - 5 are pass credits, grade 6 is special mention, grade 7 is substandard, grade 8 is doubtful and grade 9 is loss. A description of the risk grades are as follows:

Grade 1- Minimal Risk (Pass)

This grade includes loans to borrowers with a strong financial position and history of profits and cash flows sufficient to service the debt. These borrowers have well defined sources of primary/secondary repayment, conservatively leveraged balance sheets and the ability to access a wide range of financing alternatives. Collateral securing these loans is negotiable, of sufficient value and in possession of the Company. Risk of loss is unlikely.

Grade 2 - High Quality (Pass)

This grade includes loans to borrowers with a strong financial condition reflecting dependable net profits and cash flows. The borrower has verifiable liquid net worth providing above average asset protection. An identifiable market exits for the collateral. Risk of loss is unlikely.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

Grade 3- Above Average (Pass)

This grade includes loans to borrowers with a balance sheet that reflects a comfortable degree of leverage and liquidity. Borrowers are profitable and have a sustained record of servicing debt. An identifiable market exits for the collateral, but liquidation could take up to one year. Risk of loss is unlikely.

Grade 4 - Average (Pass)

This grade includes loans to borrowers with a financial condition that is satisfactory and comparable to industry standards. The borrower has verifiable net worth, providing over time, average asset protection. Borrower cash flows are sufficient to satisfy debt service requirements. Risk of loss is below average.

Grade 5 - Acceptable (Management Attention) (Pass)

This grade includes loans to borrowers whose loans are performing, but sources of repayment are not documented by the current credit analysis. There are some declining trends in margins, ratios and/or cash flow. Guarantor(s) have strong net worth(s), but assets may be concentrated in real estate or other illiquid investments. Risk of loss is average.

Grade 6 - Special Mention

Special mention assets have potential weaknesses that may, if not checked or corrected, weaken the asset or inadequately protect the Company’s position at some future date. These assets pose elevated risk, but their weakness does not yet justify a substandard classification. Borrowers may be experiencing adverse operating trends (declining revenues or margins) or an ill proportioned balance sheet (e.g., increasing inventory without an increase in sales, high leverage, tight liquidity). Adverse economic or market conditions, such as interest rate increases or the entry of a new competitor, may also support a special mention rating. Nonfinancial reasons for rating a credit exposure special mention include management problems, pending litigation, an ineffective loan agreement or other material structural weakness, and any other significant deviation from prudent lending practices. The special mention rating is designed to identify a specific level of risk and concern about asset quality.Although a special mention asset has a higher probability of default than a pass asset, its default is not imminent.

F-39
F-26

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3


Grade 7 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

Grade 7 - Substandard

A ‘‘‘‘substandard’’ extension of credit is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Extensions of credit so classified should have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard credits, does not have to exist in individual extensions of credit classified as substandard. Substandard assets have a high probability of payment default, or they have other well-defined weaknesses. They require supervision that is more intensive by Company management. Substandard assets are generally characterized by current or expected unprofitable operations, inadequate debt service coverage, inadequate liquidity, or marginal capitalization. Repayment may depend on collateral or other credit risk mitigation.


Grade 8 - Doubtful

An extension of credit classified ‘‘‘‘doubtful’’ has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors that may work to the advantage of and strengthen the credit, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors may include a proposed merger or acquisition, liquidation proceedings, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral, or refinancing plans. Generally, the doubtful classification should not extend for a long period of time because in most cases the pending factors or events that warranted the doubtful classification should be resolved either positively or negatively in a reasonable period of time.

Grade 9- Loss

Extensions of credit classified ‘‘‘‘loss’’ are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the credit has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may be affected in the future. Amounts classified loss should be promptly charged off. The Company will not attempt long term recoveries while the credit remains on the Company’s books. Losses should be taken in the period in which they surface as uncollectible. With loss assets, the underlying borrowers are often in bankruptcy, have formally suspended debt repayments, or have otherwise ceased normal business operations. Once an asset is classified loss, there is little prospect of collecting either its principal or interest.


F-40

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amountsLoans not falling in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

Consumerthe criteria above are considered to be pass-rated loans.


Non-commercial purpose loans are initially assigned a default loan grade of 99 (Pass) and are risk graded (Grade 6,7, or 8)8) according to delinquency status when applicable.

Credit quality indicators by class of loan were as follows at December 31, 2017:

  

Pass

  

Special

Mention

  

Substandard

  

Total

 

Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural 

 $135,833  $5  $2,868  $138,706 

1-4 Family Residential Real Estate 

  108,426   1,392   2,114   111,932 

1-4 Family HELOC 

  71,927   -   90   72,017 

Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate 

  259,123   -   1,921   261,044 

Construction, Land Development and Farmland 

  149,886   2,998   3,568   156,452 

Consumer     

  17,605   -   -   17,605 

Other 

  14,694   -   -   14,694 

Total  

 $757,494  $4,395  $10,561  $772,450 

Credit quality indicators by class of loan were as follows at December 31, 2016:

  

Pass

  

Special

Mention

  

Substandard

  

Total

 

Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural 

 $129,880  $-  $4,524  $134,404 

1-4 Family Residential Real Estate 

  109,592   1,427   2,012   113,031 

1-4 Family HELOC 

  55,981   -   1,479   57,460 

Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate 

  211,938   -   3,701   215,639 

Construction, Land Development and Farmland 

  111,663   1,767   2,459   115,889 

Consumer  

  17,240   -   -   17,240 

Other 

  13,745   -   -   13,745 

Total  

 $650,039  $3,194  $14,175  $667,408 







F-41
F-27

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

Past due loan balances

The following table provides the risk category of loans by applicable class of loan wereloans as follows at of December 31, 2017:

  

30-59 Days
Past Due

  

60-89 Days
Past Due

  

90+ Days

Past Due

  

Total
Past Due

  

Current

  

Total Loans

 
                         

Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural 

 $7  $-  $1,548  $1,555  $137,151  $138,706 

1-4 Family Residential Real Estate 

  617   -   -   617   111,315   111,932 

1-4 Family HELOC 

  -   7   -   7   72,010   72,017 

Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate 

  1,254   -   -   1,254   259,790   261,044 

Construction, Land Development and Farmland 

  265   444   2,073   2,782   153,670   156,452 

Consumer    

  14   -   -   14   17,591   17,605 

Other 

  -   -   -   -   14,694   14,694 

Total 

 $2,157  $451  $3,621  $6,229  $766,221  $772,450 

Past due loan balances by class of loan were as follows at December 31, 2016:

  

30-59 Days
Past Due

  

60-89 Days
Past Due

  

90+ Days

Past Due

  

Total
Past Due

  

Current

  

Total Loans

 
                         

Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural 

 $207  $1,586  $375  $2,168  $132,236  $134,404 

1-4 Family Residential Real Estate 

  7   -   286   293   112,738   113,031 

1-4 Family HELOC 

  -   -   -   -   57,460   57,460 

Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate 

  -   -   -   -   215,639   215,639 

Construction, Land Development and Farmland 

  58   -   730   788   115,101   115,889 

Consumer    

  193   -   -   193   17,047   17,240 

Other 

  -   -   -   -   13,745   13,745 

Total 

 $465  $1,586  $1,391  $3,442  $663,966  $667,408 

There were no loans past due 90 days or more2020 and still accruing interest at December 31, 2017 or 2016.

2019:
 PassSpecial
Mention
SubstandardTotal
December 31, 2020
Loans excluding PCI
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$456,170 $1,519 $1,863 $459,552 
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate320,555 2,165 322,725 
1-4 Family HELOC100,391 120 100,511 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate829,353 653 3,337 833,343 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland358,606 5,676 364,282 
Consumer211,305 1,346 212,658 
Other7,150 1,519 8,669 
Total$2,283,530 $3,703 $14,507 $2,301,740 
PCI Loans
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural187 187 
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate105 643 748 
1-4 Family HELOC14 14 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate215 — 442 657 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland589 187 776 
Consumer75 1,130 1,205 
Other
Total$998 $$2,589 $3,587 
December 31, 2019
Loans excluding PCI
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$241,089 $2,382 $2,044 $245,515 
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate225,614 1,720 227,334 
1-4 Family HELOC95,678 550 96,228 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate530,840 1,519 4,271 536,630 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland271,842 1,217 273,059 
Consumer16,634 221 16,855 
Other13,180 13,180 
Total$1,394,877 $3,901 $10,023 $1,408,801 
F-42
F-28

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

Troubled debt restructurings occurring during

 PassSpecial
Mention
SubstandardTotal
PCI Loans
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$$$$
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate195 195 
1-4 Family HELOC
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate215 215 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland598 215 813 
Consumer
Other
Total$1,008 $$215 $1,223 

Activity in the ALL by portfolio segment was as follows for the year ended December 31, 2017 by class of loan were as follows:

  

Number of

Contracts

  

Pre-Modification
Oustanding

Recorded
Investments

  

Post-Modification
Oustanding

Recorded
Investments

 
             

Construction, land development and farmland

  2  $2,110  $1,640 

Troubled debt restructurings occurring during the year ended December 31, 2016 by class of loan were as follows:

  

Number of

Contracts

  

Pre-Modification
Oustanding

Recorded
Investments

  

Post-Modification
Oustanding

Recorded
Investments

 
             

Construction, land development and farmland 

  2  $1,712  $1,712 

Troubled debt restructurings occurring during the year ended December 31, 2015 by class of loan were as follows:

  

Number of Contracts

  

Pre-Modification
Oustanding

Recorded
Investments

  

Post-Modification
Oustanding

Recorded
Investments

 
             

1-4 family residential real estate 

  1  $196  $196 

During the year ended December 31, 2017, two loans were modified in a troubled debt restructuring. One modification consisted of a partial charge off totaling $470,2020, 2019 and a payment restructure with the modification having no effect on interest income for the remining balance of $308 at December 31, 2017. The other modificiation consisted of a temporary suspension of required monthly payments of a loan with a balance of $108 at December 31, 2017 and had no effect on the allowance for loan losses or interest income.

There were no charge offs resulting from modifications during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. The modifications consisted of changes in the amortization terms of the loans and payment modifications. The modifications had no effect on the allowance for loan losses and interest income was not significantly affected. There were no subsequent defaults on loans modified in troubled debt restructurings during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

2018:
 Commercial Industrial and Agricultural1-4 Family Residential Real Estate1-4 Family HELOCMulti-family and Commercial
Real Estate
Construction Land Development and FarmlandConsumerOtherTotal
Beginning balance at December 31, 2019$2,529 $1,280 $624 $5,285 $2,649 $177 $34 $12,578 
Charge-offs(521)(86)(98)(114)(705)(1,524)
Recoveries187 774 20 29 56 166 1,232 
Provision3,246 477 870 3,221 (750)1,290 (4)8,350 
Ending balance at December 31, 2020$5,441 $2,445 $1,416 $8,535 $1,841 $928 $30 $20,636 
Beginning balance at December 31, 2018$1,751 $1,333 $656 $4,429 $2,500 $184 $39 $10,892 
Charge-offs(396)(29)(60)(50)(35)(570)
Recoveries393 225 12 65 51 299 1,045 
Provision781 (249)(44)791 209 (8)(269)1,211 
Ending balance at December 31, 2019$2,529 $1,280 $624 $5,285 $2,649 $177 $34 $12,578 
F-43
F-29

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

As part

 Commercial Industrial and Agricultural1-4 Family Residential Real Estate1-4 Family HELOCMulti-family and Commercial
Real Estate
Construction Land Development and FarmlandConsumerOtherTotal
Beginning balance at December 31, 2017$2,538 $773 $595 $3,166 $2,434 $183 $42 $9,731 
Charge-offs(381)(36)(6)(76)(215)(26)(47)(787)
Recoveries590 12 10 221 44 34 913 
Provision(996)584 57 1,118 237 (7)42 1,035 
Ending balance at December 31, 2018$1,751 $1,333 $656 $4,429 $2,500 $184 $39 $10,892 

The ALL and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of an acquisition completed during 2015,was as follows:
Commercial Industrial and Agricultural1-4 Family Residential Real Estate1-4 Family HELOCMulti-family and Commercial
Real Estate
Construction Land Development and FarmlandConsumerOtherTotal
December 31, 2020
Allowance for loan losses
Individually evaluated for impairment$717 $18 $$$$13 $$748 
Acquired with credit impairment
Collectively evaluated for impairment4,724 2,427 1,416 8,535 1,841 91530 19,888 
Total$5,441 $2,445 $1,416 $8,535 $1,841 $928 $30 $20,636 
Loans
Individually evaluated for impairment$1,027 $1,829 $110 $2,504 $5,676 $1,177 $$12,323 
Acquired with credit impairment187 748 14 657 776 1,205 3,587 
Collectively evaluated for impairment458,525 320,896 100,401 830,839 358,606 211,4818,669 2,289,417 
Total$459,739 $323,473 $100,525 $834,000 $365,058 $213,863 $8,669 $2,305,327 
F-30

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
Commercial Industrial and Agricultural1-4 Family Residential Real Estate1-4 Family HELOCMulti-family and Commercial
Real Estate
Construction Land Development and FarmlandConsumerOtherTotal
December 31 2019
Allowance for loan losses
Individually evaluated for impairment$755 $$$$17 $$$772 
Acquired with credit impairment
Collectively evaluated for impairment1,774 1,280 624 5,285 2,632 17734 11,806 
Total$2,529 $1,280 $624 $5,285 $2,649 $177 $34 $12,578 
Loans
Individually evaluated for impairment$1,154 $1,536 $374 $3,439 $1,217 $28 $$7,748 
Acquired with credit impairment195 215 813 1,223 
Collectively evaluated for impairment244,361 225,798 95,854 533,191 271,842 16,82713,180 1,401,053 
Total$245,515 $227,529 $96,228 $536,845 $273,872 $16,855 $13,180 $1,410,024 

The following tables provide the period-end amounts of loans that are past due thirty to eighty-nine days, past due ninety or more days and still accruing interest, loans not accruing interest, purchased credit impaired loans, and loans current on payments accruing interest by category at December 31, 2020 and 2019:
 Current and Accruing30-89 Days Past Due90+ Days
Past Due and Accruing Interest
Nonaccrual loansPurchased Credit Impaired LoansTotal Loans
December 31, 2020
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$458,759 $126 $$667 $187 $459,739 
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate319,068 2,071 1,586 748 323,473 
1-4 Family HELOC100,501 10 14 100,525 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate832,223 150 970 657 834,000 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland363,189 1,093 776 365,058 
Consumer209,574 1,413 1,670 1,205 213,863 
Other8,669 08,669 
Total$2,291,983 $3,770 $$5,986 $3,587 $2,305,327 
F-31

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
 Current and Accruing30-89 Days Past Due90+ Days
Past Due and Accruing Interest
Nonaccrual loansPurchased Credit Impaired LoansTotal Loans
December 31, 2019
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$244,860 $83 $$572 $$245,515 
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate225,396 662 1,276 195 227,529 
1-4 Family HELOC95,889 339 96,228 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate535,286 1,344 215 536,845 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland272,508 255 296 813 273,872 
Consumer16,699 64 64 28 16,855 
Other13,180 13,180 
Total$1,403,818 $1,064 $64 $3,855 $1,223 $1,410,024 
Approximately $2,438 and $1,117 of nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, were performing pursuant to their contractual terms at those dates.

F-32

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
Purchased Credit Impaired Loans

The Company has acquiredpurchased loans, for which there was, at acquisition, evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and it was probable,probably, at acquisition thatnot all contractually required payments would not be collected. The carrying amount of those loans wasis as follows at December 31, 2017 follows:


December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$919 $
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate1,004 231 
1-4 Family HELOC19 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate1,325 217 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland992 1,021 
Consumer1,924 
Total outstanding balance6,183 1,469 
Less remaining purchase discount2,596 246 
Allowance for loan losses
Carrying amount, net of allowance for loan losses and remaining purchase discounts$3,587 $1,223 

Accretable yield, or income expected to be collected on PCI loans, is as follows:

202020192018
Balance at January 1,$98 $110 $
New loans purchased870 260 
Accretion income(388)(12)(150)
Balance at December 31,$580 $98 $110 


On January 1, 2020 and 2016, respectively:

  

2017

  

2016

 

Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural 

 $298  $385 

Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate 

  1,217   3,321 

Construction, Land Development and Farmland 

  1,508   1,569 

1-4 Family Residential Real Estate 

  47   92 

1-4 Family HELOC 

  -   36 

Total outstanding balance

  3,070   5,403 

Less remaining purchase discount

  156   635 

Allowance for loan losses

  4   6 

Carrying amount, net of allowance

 $2,910  $4,762 

DuringApril 1, 2020, the years ended December 31, 2017, Company completed the TCB and FABK Transactions, respectively (see Note 15 for more information). As a loan with non-accretable purchase discount totaling $354 was paid in full resulting in the recognitionresult of the discounts in interest income. Duringacquisition, the year ended December 31, 2016, Company recorded loans with a loan with non-accretable purchase discount totaling $708 was paid in full resulting in the recognitionfair value of the discounts in interest income.

Activity related$170.0 million and $625.8 million, respectfully. Of those loans, $1,688 and $4,668 were considered to the accretable portion of the purchase discount on loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:

Balance at January 1, 2015

$-

New loans acquired

478

Accretion income

(97)

Reclassification to nonaccretable

(148)

Balance at December 31, 2015

233

Accretion income

(146)

Balance at December 31, 2016

87

Accretion income

(87)

Balance at December 31, 2017

$-

The Company decreased the allowance for loan losses onbe purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans, by $2which are loans for which it is probable at the acquisition date that all contractually required payments will not be collected. The remaining loans are considered to be purchased non-impaired loans and $241 duringtheir related fair value discount or premium is recognized as an adjustment to yield over the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and increased the allowance for loan losses on purchased credit impaired loans by $247 during the year ended December 31, 2015.

remaining life of each loan.
F-44
F-33

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED)

PCI loans purchased during the year ended December 31, 2020, for which it was probable at acquisition that all contractually required payments would not be collected are as follows:

Tennessee Community Bank Holdings, Inc. acquisition on January 1, 2020First Advantage Bank acquisition on April 1, 2020
Contractually required payments receivable of loans purchased during the year:$2,799 $7,540 
Nonaccretable difference(980)(2,133)
Cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition$1,819 $5,407 
Accretable yield(131)(739)
Fair value of acquired loans at acquisition$1,688 $4,668 
F-34

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
Individually impaired loans by class of loans were as follows at December 31, 2020 and 2019:
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
 Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Recorded InvestmentRelated
Allowance
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Recorded InvestmentRelated
Allowance
With no related allowance recorded
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$1,400 $367 $— $$$— 
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate3,034 2,473 — 1,852 1,731 — 
1-4 Family HELOC130 124 — 376 374 — 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate4,549 3,161 — 3,746 3,654 — 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland6,809 6,452 — 2,176 1,859 — 
Consumer3,590 2,348 — 31 28 — 
Subtotal$19,512 $14,925 $— $8,181 $7,646 $— 
With an allowance recorded
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$859 $847 $717 $1,154 $1,154 $755 
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate104 104 18 
1-4 Family HELOC
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate
Construction, Land Development and Farmland171 171 17 
Consumer34 34 13 
Subtotal997 985 748 1,325 1,325 772 
Total$20,509 $15,910 $748 $9,506 $8,971 $772 












F-35

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
The average recorded investment in impaired loans for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, was as follows:
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019December 31, 2018
Average recorded investmentInterest income recognizedAverage recorded investmentInterest income recognizedAverage recorded investmentInterest income recognized
With no allowance
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$357 $69 $430 $57 $1,815 $89 
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate2,599 194 1,885 91 2,436 120 
1-4 Family HELOC319 12 193 12 72 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate3,942 332 3,001 154 2,325 114 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland3,267 375 2,291 122 3,769 185 
Consumer1,330 316 18 62 
Subtotal$11,814 $1,298 $7,819 $437 $10,479 $515 
With an allowance recorded
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$950 $38 $1,338 $45 $518 $25 
1-4 Family Residential Real Estate21 32 
1-4 Family HELOC10 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate41 
Construction, Land Development and Farmland34 171 802 39 
Consumer
Subtotal$1,013 $45 $1,519 $53 $1,393 $68 
Total$12,827 $1,343 $9,338 $490 $11,872 $583 













F-36

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 the Company had recorded investments in TDRs of $4,236 and $2,014, respectively. The Company did not allocate a specific allowance for those loans at December 31, 2020 and 2019 and there were no commitments to lend additional amounts. Loans accounted for as TDR include modifications from original terms such as those due to bankruptcy proceedings, certain modifications of amortization periods or extended suspension of principal payments due to customer financial difficulties. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. Loans accounted for as TDR are individually evaluated for impairment.

The following table presents loans by class modified as TDR occurring during the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2018. There were 0 troubled debt restructurings occurring during the year ended December 31, 2019.
Number of ContractsPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentsPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investments
December 31, 2020
Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural$150 $150 
1-4 Family Residential394 394 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate721 721 
Total$1,265 $1,265 
December 31, 2018
1-4 Family Residential Estate$1,254 $1,254 
Multi-family and Commercial Real Estate661 585 
Total$1,915 $1,839 

Modifications made in 2020 related to a single borrower and all 3 loans were put on nonaccrual due to lack of payments in the third quarter of 2020. There were 0 subsequent defaults on loans modified in troubled debt restructurings during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms.

In the normal course of business, the Company will enter into various credit arrangements with its executive officers, directors and their affiliates. These arrangements generally take the form of commercial lines of credit, personal lines of credit, mortgage loans, term loans or revolving arrangements secured by personal residences. An analysis of the activity with respect to loans to related parties for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019 and 2015,2018. is as follows:

 

2017

  

2016

 
         202020192018

Balance - January 1

 $11,935  $10,484 
Balance - January 1,Balance - January 1,$7,539 $7,394 $8,581 

New loans during the year

  4,356   4,442 New loans during the year30,737 3,281 919 

Repayments during the year

  (7,710)  (2,991)Repayments during the year(4,141)(3,136)(2,106)
        

Balance - December 31

 $8,581  $11,935 
Balance - December 31,Balance - December 31,$34,135 $7,539 $7,394 

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016,none of these loans were restructured, nor were any related party loans charged off in 2017,2016 or 2015.

F-45
F-37

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

During the three-year period ended December 31, 2020, NaN of these loans were restructured or charged off.

Additionally, the Company is working with borrowers impacted by COVID-19 and providing modifications to include interest only deferral or principal and interest deferral These modifications are excluded from troubled debt restructuring classification under Section 4013 of the CARES Act or under applicable interagency guidance of the federal banking regulators.

The Company had applied this guidance to approve initial modifications in April and May 2020 for loans with aggregate principal balances of $530.7 million. The majority of these modifications were for a period of up to three months and contained either interest-only periods or full payment deferrals. Through December 31, 2020, further modifications were approved for $47.0 million of the loans previously modified. Modifications still in effect as of December 31, 2020 amounted to $23.0 million.

The CARES Act provides over $2.0 trillion in emergency economic relief to individuals and businesses impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act authorized the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) to administer new loan programs including, but not limited to, the guarantee of loans under a new 7(a) loan program called the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”). As of December 31, 2020, the Company had 843 PPP loans outstanding amounting to $65.5 million which are included in the commercial, industrial, and agricultural segment. PPP loans do not have a corresponding allowance as they are fully guaranteed by the SBA. Fees range from 1% to 5% of the loan and are deferred and amortized over the life of the loan. As PPP loans are forgiven, any deferred loan fee or cost is recognized related to each individual loan. As of December 31, 2020 $17.8 million in PPP loans had been forgiven and $413 in fees recognized in earnings.
F-38

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
NOTE 4 - PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
 

The detail of premises and equipment at December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:

 20202019
Land$9,480 $6,058 
Buildings13,495 9,020 
Construction in progress35 371
Leasehold improvements9,566 7,891 
Furniture, fixtures and equipment13,463 9,393 
46,03932,732
Less: accumulated depreciation(14,577)(11,668)
$31,462 $21,064 
Depreciation expense was $2,867, $1,875 and $1,586 for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
NOTE 45 - LEASES

On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842)” and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 842. The Company elected the prospective application approach provided by ASU 2018-11 and did not adjust prior periods for ASC 842. Leases with initial terms of less than one year are not recorded on the balance sheet.

The Company’s long-term lease agreements are classified as operating leases. Certain of these leases offer the option to extend the lease term and the Company has included such extensions in its calculation of the lease liabilities to the extent the options are reasonably assured of being exercised. The lease agreements do not provide for residual value guarantees and have no restrictions or covenants that would impact dividends or require incurring additional financial obligations.

The implementation of the new standard resulted in recognition of a right-of-use asset of $12.0 million and a lease liability of $11.9 million at the date of adoption, which is related to the Company’s lease of premises used in operations. The Company used a discount rate of 4.5% in determining the right-of-use asset and lease liability as of January 1, 2020.

Information related to the Company's operating leases is presented below:
December 31, 2020
Operating leases right of use assets$13,103 
Operating leases liabilities$14,231 
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)6.33
Weighted average discount rate4.34 %

The components of lease expense included in occupancy expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020, were as follows:

Year Ended December 31, 2020
Operating lease cost$3,137 
Short-term lease cost40 
Variable lease cost364 
Total lease cost$3,541 

F-39

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
The Company does not separate lease and non-lease components and instead elects to account for them as a single lease component. Variable lease cost primarily represents variable payments such as common area maintenance, utilities, and property taxes.

Lease expense for the year ended December 31, 2019, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-02, was $2,718.

A maturity analysis of operating lease liabilities and a reconciliation of undiscounted cash flows to the total operating lease liability is as follows:

Lease payments due on or beforeDecember 31, 2020
December 31, 2021$3,023 
December 31, 20222,701 
December 31, 20232,717 
December 31, 20242,701 
December 31, 20252,211 
Thereafter3,774 
Total undiscounted cash flows17,127 
Discount on cash flows(2,896)
Total lease liability$14,231 

During the third quarter of 2020, the Company entered into a five-year lease with a related party that commences January 1, 2021 and has a base annual rental of $211,000, with a 2.5% per year increase. This lease may be terminated December 31, 2021 with a 90-day notice and is included in the lease payments above.

NOTE 6 - OTHER REAL ESTATE

Other real estate activity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, was as follows:

202020192018
Beginning balance$750 $1,000 $
Loans acquired in merger208 1,650 
Loans transferred to other real estate197 943 1,060 
Bank owned properties transferred to other real estate2,420 
Allowance to lower of cost or market(98)
Sales of other real estate(2,329)(1,095)(1,710)
End of year$1,246 $750 $1,000 

Activity in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, was as follows:

202020192018
Beginning balance$98 $$
Provisions/(recoveries) charged/(credited) to expense98 
Reductions from sales of other real estate(98)
Direct write-downs
End of year$$98 $

Expenses related to foreclosed assets for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, include:

F-40

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
202020192018
Net gain on sales$(28)$(166)$(259)
Provision for unrealized losses98 
Operating expenses, net of rental income28 44 50 
Total$$(24)$(209)


NOTE 7 - GOODWILL AND CORE DEPOSIT INTANGIBLES
The change in goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, was as follows:

 20202019
Beginning of year$43,642 $43,642 
Acquired goodwill10,754 
Impairment
End of year$54,396 $43,642 

 Amortizable intangible assets at December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
 20202019
    Core deposit intangibles$16,731 $10,834 
    Less accumulated amortization(5,384)(3,564)
Net core deposit intangibles$11,347 $7,270 

Amortization expense was $1,820, $949 and $949 for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Estimated future amortization expense by year as of December 31, 2020 is as follows:
2021$1,826 
20221,761 
20231,610 
20241,375 
20251,309 
Thereafter3,466 
Total$11,347 
NOTE 8 - DEPOSITS
Contractual maturities of time deposit accounts for the next five years at December 31, 2020 are as follows:
2021$679,819 
202278,608 
202319,995 
202411,774 
20256,148 
Total$796,344 
The aggregate amount of overdrafts reclassified to loans receivable was $546 and $381 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
F-41

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
The aggregate amount of time deposits with a minimum denomination greater than $250 was $233,848 and $236,750 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Deposits from principal officers, directors, and their affiliates at December 31, 2020 and 2019 were $19,742 and $14,600, respectively.
NOTE 9 - FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES
The Company had outstanding borrowings totaling $10,000 and $10,737 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, via various advances. These advances are non-callable; interest payments are due monthly, with principal due at maturity. The Company's additional borrowing capacity was $349,138 and $159,379 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company paid $253 thousand in penalties from prepayment of $16.5 million in Federal Home Loan Bank advances during 2020.

The following is a summary of the contractual maturities and average effective rates of outstanding advances:
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Scheduled MaturitiesAmountWeighted Average RatesAmountWeighted Average Rates
202000$7,000 1.65 %
2021$10,000 0.19 %323 2.73 %
2022%557 1.22 %
2023%2,342 1.94 %
2024%515 2.49 %
Thereafter%%
$10,000 0.19 %$10,737 1.76 %
NOTE 10 - SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES

In 2002, $3,000 of floating rate mandatory redeemable subordinated debentures were issued through a special purpose entity as part of a private offering of trust preferred securities. The securities mature on December 31, 2032; however, the Company can currently repay the securities at any time without penalty, subject to approval from the Federal Reserve Bank ("FRB"). The subordinated debentures bear interest at a floating rate equal to the New York Prime rate plus 50 basis points. The interest rate on the subordinated debentures as of December 31, 2020 was 3.75%. The Company has the right from time to time, without causing an event of default, to defer payments of interest on the debentures for up to 20 consecutive quarterly periods. These debentures are presented in liabilities on the balance sheet but count as Tier 1 capital (with certain limitations applicable) for regulatory capital purposes.

In 2005, $5,000 of floating rate mandatory redeemable subordinated debentures were issued through a special purpose entity as part of a pool offering of trust preferred securities. These securities mature on September 15, 2035, however, the Company can currently repay the securities at any time without penalty, subject to approval from the FRB. The subordinated debentures bear interest at a floating rate equal to the three-month London Interbank Offered Rate, ("LIBOR") plus 1.50%. The interest rate on the subordinated debentures as of December 31, 2020 was 1.72%. The Company has the right from time to time, without causing an event of default, to defer payments of interest on the debentures for up to 20 consecutive quarterly periods. These debentures are presented in liabilities on the balance sheet but count as Tier 1 capital for regulatory purposes.

In 2007, $15,000 of redeemable subordinated debentures were issued through a special purpose entity as part of a pooled offering of trust preferred securities. These subordinated debentures mature in 2037; however, the Company can currently repay the securities at any time without penalty, subject to approval from the FRB. The interest rate on the subordinated debentures was 7.96% until December 15, 2012, and thereafter the subordinated debentures bear interest at a floating rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 3.0%. At December 31, 2020 the interest rate was 3.22%. The Company has the right from time to
F-42

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
time, without causing an event of default, to defer payments of interest on the junior debentures for up to 20 consecutive quarterly periods. These debentures are presented in liabilities on the balance sheet. On December 20, 2016, TRUPS acquired $10,000 in face amount of trust preferred capital securities issued by Community First Statutory Trust II. These capital securities were purchased from an unaffiliated investor and remain outstanding; however, the securities and the underlying subordinated debentures are eliminated in the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In 2019, the Company issued $60,000 of subordinated notes, which mature in 2029. The Company may, at its option, redeem the subordinated notes (i) in whole or in part, on any interest payment date on or after December 15, 2024 and (ii) in whole but not in part, at any time upon the occurrence of a Tier 2 capital event, tax event or an investment company event. The interest rate on the subordinated debentures is 5.125% until December 15, 2024, and thereafter the subordinated debentures bear interest at a floating rate equal to the three-month SOFR plus 3.765%.

The portion of the subordinated debentures qualifying as Tier 1 capital is limited to 25% of total Tier 1 capital. Subordinated
debentures in excess of the Tier 1 capital limitation generally qualify as Tier 2 capital. Under the Dodd-Frank Act and the federal regulations issued implementing Basel III, these subordinated debentures will, subject to the limitations described in the preceding sentence, continue to qualify as Tier 1 capital. As of December 31, 2020, the Company was current in the payment of all interest payments due on its subordinated debentures.

NOTE 11 - DERIVATIVES
The Company utilizes interest rate swap agreements as part of its asset liability management strategy to help manage its interest rate risk position. The notional amount of the interest rate swaps does not represent amounts exchanged by the parties. The amount exchanged is determined by reference to the notional amount and other terms of the individual interest rate swap agreements.

Interest Rate Swaps Designated as Cash Flow Hedges

Interest rate swaps with notional amounts totaling $160,000 as of December 31, 2020 were designated as cash flow hedges of certain short-term interest-bearing liabilities and subordinated debentures, which are fully effective. As such, no amount of ineffectiveness has been included in net income. Therefore, the aggregate fair value of the swaps is recorded in other assets (liabilities) with changes in fair value recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). The amount included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) would be reclassified to current earnings should the hedges no longer be considered effective. The Company expects the hedges to remain fully effective during the remaining terms of the swap agreements. NaN gains or losses were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into net income during the periods presented.

Summary information related to the interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges as of December 31, is as follows:
20202019
Notional amounts$160,000 $110,000 
Weighted average pay rates2.05 %2.43 %
Weighted average receive rates0.39 %2.11 %
Weighted average maturity3.10 years3.84 years
Unrealized losses$7,657 $2,078 

The following table reflects the cash flow hedges included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively:
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Notional AmountFair ValueNotional AmountFair Value
Included in other liabilities:
Interest rate swaps related to:
Subordinated debentures$10,000 $(690)$10,000 $(439)
Short-term interest-bearing liabilities150,000 (6,967)100,000 (1,639)
Total included in other liabilities$160,000 $(7,657)$110,000 $(2,078)
F-43

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)


The following table presents the net gains (losses) recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and the Consolidated Statements of Income, net of tax, relating to the cash flow derivative instruments years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively:

Amount of (Loss) Gain Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
202020192018
Interest rate swaps-subordinate debentures$(185)$(196)$(129)
Interest rate swaps-interest-bearing liabilities(3,935)(487)(723)
$(4,120)$(683)$(852)

Fair Value Hedges
Summary information related to the fair value hedges as of December 31, is as follows:
20202019
Notional amounts$18,525 $19,605 
Weighted average pay rates3.68 %3.66 %
Weighted average receive rates1.21 %2.87 %
Weighted average maturity7.82 years9.25 years
Unrealized losses$1,495 $630 

The following table reflects the fair value hedges included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively:
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Notional AmountFair ValueNotional AmountFair Value
Included in other liabilities:
Interest rate swaps related to investments$18,525 $(1,495)$19,605 $(630)
Total included in other liabilities$18,525 $(1,495)$19,605 $(630)

The following table reflects the fair value hedges included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as of December 31:

ItemLocation202020192018
Interest rate swaps - securitiesInterest on investment securities, nontaxable$(363)$(56)$(121)
Hedged item - securitiesInterest on investment securities, nontaxable$363 $56 $121 


NOTE 12 - FAIR VALUESVALUES OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Financial accounting standards relating to fair value measurements establish a framework for measuring fair value. That framework provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

Level 1    Inputs to the valuation methodology are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access.

Level 2    Inputs to the valuation methodology include:
F-44

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;
Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets;
Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and
Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by the observable market data by correlation or other means.

If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, the Level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3    Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

An asset’s or liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Valuation techniques should maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

Securities available for sale: The fair values of securities available for sale are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1 inputs) or matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). The Company obtains fair value measurements for securities available for sale from an independent pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, cash flows and reference data, including market research publications, among other things.

Interest rate swaps: The fair values of interest rate swaps and fair value hedges are determined based on discounted future cash flows.

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include the following:

Impaired Loans: The fair value of an impaired loan with specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses is generally based on the present value of expected payments using the loan’s effective rate as the discount rate or recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.

Other Real Estate: The fair value of other real estate is generally based on recent real estate appraisals less estimated disposition cost. These appraisals may use a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.

The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company’s valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

F-45

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect the estimates.The following table sets forth the Company’s major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by level within the fair value hierarchy, as of December 31, 2017 2020 and 2016:

2019:
      

Quoted Prices in

Active Markets

  

Significant

Other

  

Significant

 
      

for Identical

  

Observable

  

Unobservable

 
      

Assets

  

Inputs

  

Inputs

 
  

Fair Value

  

(Level 1)

  

(Level 2)

  

(Level 3)

 

December 31, 2017

                

Assets

                

U. S. Treasury and other U. S. government agencies

 $17,288  $-  $17,288  $- 

State and municipal 

  191,752   -   191,752   - 

Corporate bonds 

  1,492   -   1,492   - 

Mortgage backed securities

  6,169   -   6,169   - 

Time deposits

  3,500   3,500   -   - 

Interest rate swap

  155   -   155   - 
                 

Liabilities

                

Interest rate swap

 $180  $-  $180  $- 
                 

December 31, 2016

                

Assets

                

U. S. Treasury and other U. S. government agencies

 $1,908  $-  $1,908  $- 

State and municipal 

  119,634   -   119,634   - 

Corporate bonds 

  1,987   -   1,987   - 

Mortgage backed securities  

  20,034   -   20,034   - 

Time deposits 

  3,250   3,250   -   - 

Interest rate swap 

  195   -   195   - 
                 

Liabilities

                

Interest rate swap 

 $267  $-  $267  $- 

Fair ValueQuoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
December 31, 2020    
Assets   
U. S. Treasury and other U. S. government agencies$48 $$48 $
State and municipal200,988 200,988 
Corporate bonds24,113 24,113 
Mortgage backed securities28,442 28,442 
Asset backed securities3,062 3,062 
Derivative assets
Liabilities  
Derivative liabilities$9,152 $$9,152 $
December 31, 2019    
Assets   
U. S. Treasury and other U. S. government agencies$59 $$59 $
State and municipal196,660 196,660 
Corporate bonds7,845 7,845 
Mortgage backed securities37,761 37,761 
Asset backed securities17,968 17,968 
Time deposits
Derivative assets688 688 
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities$3,396 $$3,396 $

F-46

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 4 - FAIR VALUES OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES (CONTINUED)

The following table sets forth the Company’s major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, by level within the fair value hierarchy, as of December 31,2017 2020 and 2016:

2019:
      

Quoted Prices in

  

Significant

     
      

Active Markets

  

Other

  

Significant

 
      

for Identical

  

Observable

  

Unobservable

 
      

Assets

  

Inputs

  

Inputs

 
  

Fair Value

  

(Level 1)

  

(Level 2)

  

(Level 3)

 

December 31, 2017

                

Assets

                

Impaired loans

 $2,286  $-  $-  $2,286 
                 

December 31, 2016

                

Assets

                

Impaired loans

 $3,410  $-  $-  $3,410 

Mortgage loans held for sale

  11,831   -   11,831   - 

Fair ValueQuoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
December 31, 2020    
Assets    
Impaired loans$15,162 $$$15,162 
Other real estate1,246 1,246 
Other repossessions1,424 1,424 
December 31, 2019    
Assets    
Impaired loans$8,199 $$$8,199 
Other real estate750 750 
Other repossessions
The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and for which we have utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value at December 31, 2017 2020 and 2016:

2019:

Valuation

Significant

Range

Valuation
Techniques (1)

Significant
Unobservable Inputs

Range
(Weighted Average)

Impaired loans

Appraisal

Estimated costs to sell

10%

Mortgage loans held for sale

Other real estate

Pricing Model

Appraisal

Not applicable

Estimated costs to sell

Not applicable

10%
Other repossessionsThird-party guidelinesEstimated costs to sell10%

(1)

The fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which may include Level 3 inputs that are not identifiable, or by using the discounted cash flow method if the loan is not collateral dependent. Estimated cash flows change and appraised values of the assets or collateral underlying the loans will be sensitive to changes.

(1)The fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which may include Level 3 inputs that are not identifiable, or by using the discounted cash flow method if the loan is not collateral dependent. Estimated cash flows change and appraised values of the assets or collateral underlying the loans will be sensitive to changes.
F-47

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 4 - FAIR VALUES OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES (CONTINUED)

Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments, by level within the fair value hierarchy, at December 31, 2017 were as follows:

          

Quoted Prices in

  

Significant

     
          

Active Markets

  

Other

  

Significant

 
      

Estimated

  

for Identical

  

Observable

  

Unobservable

 
  

Carrying

  

Fair

  

Assets

  

Inputs

  

Inputs

 
  

Amount

  

Value

  

(Level 1)

  

(Level 2)

  

(Level 3)

 

Financial assets

                    

Cash and due from banks

 $20,497  $20,497  $20,497  $-  $- 

Federal funds sold

  171   171   -   171   - 

Loans, net

  762,488   762,574   -   -   762,574 

Mortgage loans held for sale

  45,322   46,467   -   46,467   - 

Accrued interest receivable

  5,744   5,744   -   5,744   - 

Restricted equity securities

  7,774   7,774   -   7,774   - 

Financial liabilities

                    

Deposits

  883,519   882,533   -   -   882,533 

Accrued interest payable

  305   305   -   305   - 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

  96,747   96,754   -   96,754   - 

Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments, by level within the fair value hierarchy, at December 31, 20162020 were as follows:

          

Quoted Prices in

  

Significant

     
          

Active Markets

  

Other

  

Significant

 
      

Estimated

  

for Identical

  

Observable

  

Unobservable

 
  

Carrying

  

Fair

  

Assets

  

Inputs

  

Inputs

 
  

Amount

  

Value

  

(Level 1)

  

(Level 2)

  

(Level 3)

 

Financial assets

                    

Cash and due from banks

 $23,413  $23,413  $23,413  $-  $- 

Federal funds sold

  830   830   -   830   - 

Loans, net

  657,701   658,130   -   -   658,130 

Accrued interest receivable

  3,786   3,786   -   3,786   - 

Restricted equity securities

  7,133   7,133   -   7,133   - 

Financial liabilities

                    

Deposits

  763,834   763,174   -   -   763,174 

Accrued interest payable

  107   107   -   107   - 

Federal funds purchased

  3,671   3,671   -   3,671   - 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

  32,287   32,444   -   32,444   - 

Carrying
Amount
Estimated
Fair
Value
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Financial assets     
Cash and due from banks$13,717 $13,717 $13,717 $$
Interest-bearing deposits in financial institutions79,756 79,756 79,756 
Federal funds sold1,572 1,572 1,572 
Loans, net2,280,147 2,293,723 2,293,723 
Mortgage loans held for sale147,524 149,342 149,342 
Accrued interest receivable14,889 14,889 14,889 
Restricted equity securities16,551 16,551 16,551 
Financial liabilities
Deposits$2,579,235 $2,583,525 $$$2,583,525 
Accrued interest payable2,571 2,571 2,571 
Subordinate debentures70,446 71,750 71,750 
Federal Home Loan Bank advances10,000 10,000 10,000 
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments, by level within the fair value hierarchy, at December 31, 2019 were as follows:
Carrying
Amount
Estimated
Fair
Value
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Financial assets     
Cash and due from banks$7,953 $7,953 $7,953 $$
Interest-bearing deposits in financial institutions43,644 43,644 43,644 
Federal funds sold52 52 52 
Loans, net1,397,374 1,383,719 1,383,719 
Mortgage loans held for sale37,476 38,379 38,379 
Accrued interest receivable7,188 7,188 7,188 
Restricted equity securities11,279 11,279 11,279 
Financial liabilities
Deposits$1,584,453 $1,582,781 $$$1,582,781 
Accrued interest payable2,022 2,022 2,022 
Subordinate debentures70,883 71,454 71,454 
Federal Home Loan Bank advances10,737 10,755 10,755 

F-48

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 4 - FAIR VALUES OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES (CONTINUED)

The methodsmethods and assumptions used to estimate fair value are described as follows:


Carrying amount is the estimated fair value for cash and cash equivalents, accrued interestinterest receivable and payable, restricted equity securities, federal funds sold or purchased, demand deposits, and variable rate loans or deposits that repricere-price frequently and fully. For fixed rate loans or deposits and for variable rate loans or deposits with infrequent repricingre-pricing or repricingre-pricing limits, fair value is based on discounted cash flows using current market rates applied to the estimated life and credit risk. Fair value of debt is based on discounted cash flows using current rates for similar financing. The fair value of off-balance-sheet items is not considered material.

NOTE 5 - PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT

The detail of premises and equipment at December 31, 2017 and 2016 is as follows:

  

2017

  

2016

 

Land

 $1,211  $1,211 

Buildings

  4,717   4,717 

Construction in progress

  284   368 

Leasehold improvements

  4,727   3,828 

Furniture, fixtures and equipment

  8,145   7,316 
   19,084   17,440 

Less: accumulated depreciation

  (9,294)  (8,347)
         
  $9,790  $9,093 

Depreciation and amortization expense was $1,017,$976 and $890 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

NOTE 6 - RESTRICTED EQUITY SECURITIES

The Company owned the following restricted equity securities as of December 31, 2017 and 2016:

  

2017

  

2016

 

Federal Reserve Bank

 $3,546  $2,906 

Federal Home Loan Bank

  4,228   4,227 
         
Total $7,774  $7,133 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 7 - GOODWILL AND CORE DEPOSIT INTANGIBLE

The following presents the balances as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, of intangible assets acquired in business acquisitions:

  

 2017 

  

 2016 

  

 2015 

 

Goodwill

 $11,404  $11,404  $11,404 
             

Amortized intangible assets:

            

Core deposit intangibles

 $2,946  $2,946  $2,946 

Less accumulated amortization

  (1,666)  (1,364)  (1,008)
  $1,280  $1,582  $1,938 

Amortization expense was$302,$356 and $300 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Estimated future amortization expense as of December 31, 2017 is as follows:

2018

 $226 

2019

  226 

2020

  226 

2021

  226 

2022

  226 

Thereafter

  150 

Total

 $1,280 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 8 - DEPOSITS

Contractual maturities of time deposit accounts for the next five years at December 31, 2017 are as follows:

 

Maturity

    

2018

 $376,446 

2019

  59,516 

2020

  13,815 

2021

  5,113 

2022

  3,173 
  $458,063 

The aggregate amount of overdrafts reclassified to loans receivable was $118 and $154 at December 31,2017 and 2016, respectively.

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, time deposits in excess of $250 totaled $264,814 and $221,136 respectively.

Deposits from principal officers, directors, and their affiliates at December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $14,280 and $14,151, respectively.

 

NOTE 9 - FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES

At December 31, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank were as follows:

  

 2017 

  

 2016 

 

Maturities January 2018 through March 2024, fixed rates ranging from 1.22% to 2.99%

 $96,747  $32,287 

Each advance is payable at its maturity date, with a prepayment penalty for fixed rate advances. The weighted average rate of the total borrowings at December 31, 2017 and 2016 was 1.54% and 1.29%, respectively. The weighted average interest rate of the short-term borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016 was 1.43% and .65%, respectively. The advances were collateralized by $380,111 and $332,419 of real estate loans at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Company’s additional borrowing capacity was $5,924 and $30,484 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 9 - FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES (CONTINUED)

Required future principal payments on Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings are as follows:

2018 $92,398 

2019

  708 

2020

  721 

2021

  963 

2022

  612 

Thereafter

  1,345 

Total

 $96,747 

NOTE 10 - BENEFIT PLANS

The Company has a 401(k) benefit plan that allows employee contributions up to 100% of their compensation, subject to regulatory limitations. The Company matches 100% of the first3% contributed by the employee and 50% of the next 2% of the compensation contributed. Expense was $450 for 2017,$467 for 2016 and $416 for 2015.

NOTE 1113 - INCOME TAXES

On December 22, 2017, comprehensive tax reform legislation known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Reform Act”) was signed into law. The Tax Reform Act amends the Internal Revenue Code to reduce U.S. tax rates and modify policies, credits and deductions for individuals and businesses.

The Tax Reform Act permanently reduces the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, effective for tax years beginning after 2017. GAAP requires an adjustment to deferred taxes as a result of a change in the corporate tax rate in the period that the change is enacted, with the change recorded to the current year tax provision. Accordingly, the Company has remeasured its deferred tax assets and liabilities at the new tax rate and recorded a one-time noncash tax expense of $610 to deferred income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2017. This expense resulted in the Company’s higher effective tax rate for that year.


The income tax expense consists of the following for the years ended December 31:

  

 2017 

  

 2016 

  

 2015 

 

Income tax expense

            

Current

 $1,438  $1,978  $2,474 

Deferred

  504   235   (203)

Total provision for income tax expense

 $1,942  $2,213  $2,271 

 202020192018
 Income tax expense
 Current$4,875 $1,731 $992 
 Deferred2,060 398 380 
 Total provision for income tax expense$6,935 $2,129 $1,372 
F-52

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 11 - INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)

A reconciliation of the income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019 and 20152018 from the “expected”"expected" tax expense computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate of 3421 percent to incomeIncome before income taxes is as follows:

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 

Computed “expected” tax expense

 $2,756   34% $3,437   34% $2,806   34%
                         

Increase (decrease) in tax expense resulting from:

                        

Federal income tax rate change

  620   8%  -   0%  -   0%

State tax expense, net of federal tax effect

  331   4%  404   4%  348   4%

Tax exempt interest

  (1,452)  -18%  (923)  -9%  (569)  -7%

Disallowed interest expense

  193   2%  56   1%  53   1%

Incentive stock options

  33   0%  22   0%  23   0%

Cash surrender value of life insurance contracts

  (285)  -4%  (255)  -3%  (184)  -2%

Officers life insurance expense

  -   0%  7   0%  2   0%

Excess tax benefit from stock compensation

  (184)  -2%  (478)  -5%  -   0%

Nondeductible merger expenses

  173   2%  -   0%  143   2%

Federal and state tax credits

  (667)  -8%  (499)  -5%  (123)  -1%

Benefit of subsidiary net loss

  -   0%  -   0%  (159)  -2%

Subsidiary disregarded for federal taxes

  347   4%  378   4%  (88)  -1%

Others as a group

  77   1%  64   1%  19   0%

Total income tax expense

 $1,942   23% $2,213   22% $2,271   28%

 202020192018
 Computed "expected" tax expense$7,882 21 %$2,660 21 %$2,495 21 %
 State income tax, net of federal tax effect1,770 %637 %551 %
 Tax-exempt interest income, net of disallowed interest(1,172)(3)%(1,373)(11)%(1,132)(10)%
 Stock compensation119 %(14)%(69)(1)%
 Cash surrender value of life insurance contracts(579)(2)%(235)(2)%(249)(2)%
 Nondeductible merger expenses48 %155 %47 %
 Federal and state tax credits(1,393)(4)%(999)(8)%(1,102)(9)%
 Subsidiary disregarded for federal taxes63 %1,189 %763 %
 Others as a group196 %109 %68 %
 Total income tax expense$6,935 18 %$2,129 16 %$1,372 11 %
The Company files a separate Federal tax return for the operations of the mortgage banking and banking operations. The taxable income or losses of the mortgage banking operations are included in the respective returns of the Company and non-controlling members for Federal purposes. During 2015, the Company began consolidating the results of the mortgage banking operations in its income tax filings with the State of Tennessee. A cumulative income tax benefit of $159 relating to 2014 and prior tax losses of the mortgage banking operations has been included in the consolidated income tax expense of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2015.

The benefit of these losses is attributable to the non-controlling interest of the subsidiary.

The Company’sCompany's income tax filings from the years ending December 31, 2014 2017 to present remain open to examinationexaminations by tax jurisdictions.

During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, deferred tax assets increased (decreased) by $(1,840), $1,289 and $132 related to unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities, respectively, income tax expense (benefit) of $15,$14 and $(149) was recognized related to gains and losses reclassified from other comprehensive income.


F-53
F-49

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 11 - INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)

Significant components of deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2017,20162020 and 20152019 are as follows:

  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 

Organizational and start-up costs

 $98  $188  $231 

Core deposit intangible

  (215)  (403)  (513)

Goodwill

  (84)  (109)  (94)

Acquisition fair value adjustments

  30   344   1,206 

Allowance for loan losses

  1,876   2,083   1,286 

Loan fees

  60   240   355 

Other real estate

  -   19   70 

Premises and equipment

  (427)  (691)  (645)

Unrealized (gain) loss on available for sale securities

  (528)  1,312   23 

Non-accrual loans

  170   264   228 

Other

  119   190   236 

Total

 $1,099  $3,437  $2,383 
             

State

 $114  $418  $326 

Federal

  985   3,019   2,057 

Net deferred tax asset

 $1,099  $3,437  $2,383 
 20202019
 Deferred tax assets:
 Organizational and start-up costs$$38 
 Acquisition fair value adjustments4,023 414 
 Allowance for loan losses4,469 2,993 
 Other Real estate56 26 
 Unrealized loss on derivatives2,392 708 
 Nonaccrual loans388 271 
 Acquired net operating losses2,462 2,711 
 Acquired tax credits net of tax basis adjustments660 1,005 
 Deferred Compensation493 310 
 Loan fees (costs)1,188 
 Other760 482 
      Total deferred tax assets$16,899 $8,958 
Deferred tax liabilities:
 Core deposit intangible$2,900 $1,817 
 Loan fees (costs)19 
 Premises and equipment1,432 627 
 Unrealized (gain) loss on available for sale securities4,597 2,501 
 FHLB stock dividends736 61 
 Other113 
      Total deferred tax liabilities$9,778 $5,025 
      Net deferred tax asset (liability)$7,121 $3,933 



In assessing the future realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management determined that as of December 31, 2017, 2020, it was more likely than not that all deferred tax assets would be realized.


At December 31, 2020, related to the merger with Community First, Inc., the Company had $11,696 of federal net operating loss carryovers subject to the annual limitation under Internal Revenue Code Section 382. The Securitiescarryovers begin to expire in 2031 and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No.118 on are expected to be fully realized.

The Company had 0 unrecognized tax benefits at December 22, 2017, which provides31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.

NOTE 14 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company has federal funds lines at other financial institutions with availability totaling $98,200 and $88,200 at December 31, 2020, and 2019, respectively. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did 0t have outstanding balances for these federal funds lines. The Company also has an unsecured line of credit at CDC Deposits Network with availability of $20,000. The Company did 0t have a one-year measurement period that allows businesses timebalance outstanding related to evaluatethis line at December 31, 2020 or 2019. The Company also may access borrowings utilizing the financial statement implicationsFederal Reserve bank discount window of $5,927 and $5,780 at 2020 and 2019, respectively. There were 0 funds advanced from the Tax Reform Act. Companies are requireddiscount window at December 31, 2020 or 2019.

At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company has $299,754 and $285,654 in standby letters of credit with the Federal Home Loan Bank pledged to disclose in financial filings whether their accounting for the income tax effects of the Tax Reform Act is complete, incomplete but reasonably estimated, or incomplete with no estimate provided. The measurement period allows businesses to gather the information necessary to prepare and analyze the income tax accounting effects of the Tax Reform Act on financial statements issued during the measurement period. During the measurement period, an entity may need to reflect adjustments to provisional amounts previously recorded after obtaining, preparing, or analyzing additional information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the enactment date that, if known, would have affected the income tax effects initially reported as provisional amounts. Such adjustments to provisional amounts included in an entity’s financial statements during the measurement period would be included in income from continuing operations as an adjustment to income tax expense or benefit in the reporting period the amounts are determined.

secure municipal deposits.

F-54
F-50

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 11 - INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)

As noted above,

Some financial instruments, such as loan commitments, credit lines, letters of credit, and overdraft protection lines, are issued to meet customer financing needs. These are agreements to provide credit or to support the credit of others, as long as conditions established in the contract are met, and usually have expiration dates. Commitments may expire without being used. Off-balance-sheet risk of credit loss exists up to the face amount of these instruments, although material losses are not anticipated. The same credit policies are used to make such commitments as are used for loans, including obtaining collateral at exercise of the commitment.

Off-balance sheet arrangements generally consist of unused lines of credit and standby letters of credit. Such commitments were as follows:
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Unused lines of credit$559,874 $335,755 
Standby letters of credit22,045 17,132 
Total commitments$581,919 $352,887 

At December 31, 2020, the Company has recorded in income tax expense for 2017employment agreements with certain executive officers. Upon the estimated impactoccurrence of various provisionsan “Event of Termination” as defined by the agreements, the Company has an obligation to pay each of the Tax Reform Act. executive officers as defined in the agreements.

Reliant Bancorp or one or more of its subsidiaries are from time to time parties to ordinary routine legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. As with all legal proceedings, no assurance can be provided as to the outcome of these matters. As of the date hereof, to the knowledge of our management, there are currently no material pending legal proceedings to which Reliant Bancorp or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any of the property of Reliant Bancorp or any of its subsidiaries is the subject.

NOTE 15 - BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
Community First, Inc.

On January 1, 2018, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated August 22, 2017, by and among Reliant Bancorp, Inc., Community First Inc., Pioneer Merger Sub, Inc., and Community First Bank & Trust, Community First, Inc. merged with and into the Reliant Bancorp, Inc. Immediately following the merger, Community First Bank & Trust merged with and into Reliant Bank, with Reliant Bank surviving. Pioneer Merger Sub, Inc. was formed to effect the merger and no longer exists.

Pursuant to the merger agreement, each outstanding share of Community First, Inc. common stock (except for excluded shares and dissenting shares) was converted into and cancelled in exchange for the right to receive 0.481 shares of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock, together with cash in lieu of any fractional shares. This business combination results in expanded and more diversified market area for the Company.
The ultimatefollowing table details the financial impact of the Tax Reform Act onmerger, including the Company’s consolidated financial statements may differ materially from the amounts estimated herein due to further refinementcalculation of the Company’s calculations, changes in interpretations and assumptions thatpurchase price, the Company has made, guidance that may be issued by income taxing authorities and regulatory bodies, and actions the Company may take as a resultallocation of the Tax Reform Act. The Company anticipates completing its tax accounting for the Tax Reform Act during the one-year measurement period, and will record and disclose any adjustments madepurchase price to its initial estimates during that time frame.

NOTE 12 - STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

In 2006, the Board of Directors and shareholders of the Bank approved the Commerce Union Bank Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan provides for the granting of stock options, and authorizes the issuance of common stock upon the exercise of such options, for up to 625,000 shares of common stock to employees and organizers of the Company. As part of reorganization, all Commerce Union Bank options were replaced with Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. options with no change in terms. On March 10,2015, the shareholders of the Company approved the Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan that permits the grant of awards of up to 1,250,000 shares of the Company common stock in the form of stock options. As part of the merger with Reliant Bank, all outstanding stock options of Reliant Bank were converted to stock options of Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. under this plan.

Under the Stock Option Plan, stock option awards may be granted in the form of incentive stock options or non-statutory stock options, and are generally exercisable for up to ten years following the date such option awards are granted. Exercise prices of incentive stock options must be equal to or greater than the fair market valuevalues of the common stock on the grant date. On June 18,2015, the shareholders of Commerce Union approved the Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, which provides for the issuance of up to 900,000 shares of common stock in the form of stock options, restricted stock grants or grants for performance-based compensation. Effective, as of December 31, 2017, the name of the Stock Option Plan is now Reliant Bancorp, Inc. Stock Option Plan.

net assets assumed and goodwill recognized:
Calculation of Purchase Price
Shares of Community First, Inc. common stock outstanding as of January 1, 20185,025,884 
Exchange ratio for Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock0.481 
Share conversion2,417,450 
Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock shares issued2,416,444 
Reliant Bancorp, Inc. share price at December 29, 2017$25.64 
Value of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock shares issued$61,958 
Value of fractional shares$25 
Estimated fair value of Community First, Inc.$61,983 
F-55
F-51

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 12 - STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (CONTINUED)

A summary


Allocation of Purchase Price
Total consideration above$61,983 
Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed
Cash and cash equivalents33,128 
Time deposits in other financial institutions23,309 
Investment securities available for sale69,078 
Loans, net of unearned income313,040 
Mortgage loans held for sale, net910 
Accrued interest receivable1,165 
Premises and equipment9,585 
Restricted equity securities1,726 
Cash surrender value of life insurance contracts10,664 
Other real estate owned1,650 
Deferred tax asset, net4,885 
Core deposit intangible7,888 
Other assets1,795 
Deposits—noninterest-bearing(80,395)
Deposits—interest-bearing(352,100)
Other borrowings(11,522)
Payables and other liabilities(5,061)
Total fair value of net assets acquired29,745 
Goodwill$32,238 

During 2018, as part of the activity insystem integration of Community First, Inc., the stock option plan for 2017 is as follows.

          

Weighted

     
      

Weighted

  

Average

     
      

Average

  

Remaining

  

Aggregate

 
      

Exercise

  

Contractual

  

Intrinsic

 
  

Shares

  

Price

  

Term

  

Value

 

Outstanding at January 1, 2017

  241,541  $12.96         

Granted

  15,500   23.55         

Exercised

  (72,080)  11.42         

Forfeited or expired

  (14,200)  14.06         

Outstanding at December 31, 2017

  170,761   14.48   5.73  $1,905 

Exercisable at December 31, 2017

  95,861   13.00   3.75  $1,212 

Vested and anticipated vesting shares as of December 31, 2017

  168,514   14.45   5.73  $1,848 

      

Weighted Average

  

Shares

  

Grant-Date Fair Value

Non-vested options at January 1, 2017

  96,600  $3.36  

Granted

  15,500   6.46  

Vested

  (23,000)  6.95  

Forfeited

  (14,200)  3.18  

Non-vested options at December 31, 2017

  74,900   4.14  

Information relatedCompany determined minor adjustments were appropriate to the stock option plan during each year followsreduce other assets by $93 and assumes a 3% forfeiture rate:

  

2017

  

2016

 

Intrinsic value of options exercised

 $827  $2,272 

Cash received from option exercises

  823   4,772 

Tax benefit realized from option exercises

  133   478 

The fair value of options granted during 2017increase payables and 2016 was determined using the following assumptionsother liabilities by $85 effective as of the grant date, resultingacquisition date.



Tennessee Community Bank Holdings, Inc.

Effective January 1, 2020, Reliant Bancorp completed the acquisition of TCB Holdings pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated September 16, 2019 (the “TCB Holdings Agreement”), by and among Reliant Bancorp, TCB Holdings, and Community Bank & Trust, a Tennessee-chartered commercial bank and wholly-owned subsidiary of TCB Holdings (“CBT”). On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the TCB Holdings Agreement, TCB Holdings merged with and into Reliant Bancorp (the “TCB Holdings Transaction”), with Reliant Bancorp as the surviving corporation. Immediately following the TCB Holdings Transaction, CBT merged with and into the Bank, with the Bank continuing as the surviving banking corporation. Pursuant to the TCB Holdings Agreement, at the effective time of the TCB Holdings Transaction, each outstanding share of TCB Holdings common stock, par value $1.00 per share (other than certain excluded shares), was converted into and canceled in exchange for the right to receive (i) $17.13 in cash, without interest, and (ii) 0.769 shares of the Reliant Bancorp’s common stock, par value $1.00 per share (“Reliant Bancorp Common Stock”). The aggregate consideration payable by Reliant Bancorp in respect of shares of TCB Holdings common stock as consideration for the TCB Holdings Transaction was 811,210 shares of Reliant Bancorp Common Stock and approximately $18,073 in cash. Reliant Bancorp did not issue fractional shares of Reliant Bancorp Common Stock in connection with the TCB Holdings Transaction, but paid cash in lieu of fractional shares based on the volume weighted average closing price per share of the Reliant Bancorp Common Stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market for the 10 consecutive trading days ending on and including December 30, 2019 (calculated as $22.36). At the effective time of the TCB Holdings Transaction, each outstanding option to purchase TCB Holdings common stock was canceled in exchange for a cash payment in an estimated fair valueamount equal to the product of (i) $34.25 minus the per optionshare exercise price of $6.46 and $3.82, respectively.

  

2017

  

2016

 

Risk-free interest rate

  2.30-2.45%   1.33%-2.45% 

Expected term (in years)

  6.5    6.5-10 

Expected stock price volatility

  24%-29.90%   21%-24% 

Dividend yield

  0.98%-1.02%   1.02%-1.57% 
the option

F-56
F-52

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 12 - STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (CONTINUED)

multiplied by (ii) the number of shares of TCB Holdings common stock subject to the option (to the extent not previously exercised). Reliant Bancorp paid aggregate consideration to holders of unexercised options of approximately $430. All shares of Reliant Bancorp’s common stock outstanding immediately prior to the TCB Holdings Transaction were unaffected by the TCB Holdings Transaction.

The following table showsdetails the activity relatedfinancial impact of the TCB Holdings Transaction, including the calculation of the purchase price, the allocation of the purchase price to restricted stock for 2017the fair values of net assets assumed and 2016:

goodwill recognized:
  

2017

  

2016

 

Non-vested shares at January 1,

  48,465   30,500 

Granted

  50,050   23,800 

Vested

  (13,016)  (3,835)

Forfeited

  (3,000)  (2,000)

Non-vested shares at December 31,

  82,499   48,465 
Calculation of Purchase Price
Shares of Tennessee Community Bank Holdings, Inc. common stock outstanding as of January 1, 20201,055,041 
Exchange ratio for Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock0.769 
Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock shares issued811,210 
Reliant Bancorp, Inc. share price at January 1, 2020$22.24 
Estimated value of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. shares issued18,041
Cash settlement for Tennessee Community Bank Holdings, Inc. common stock ($17.13 per share)18,073 
Cash settlement for Tennessee Community Bank Holdings, Inc.'s 26,450 outstanding stock options ($34.25 settlement price less weighted average exercise price of $18.00)430 
Cash settlement for Reliant Bancorp, Inc. fractional shares ($22.36 per pro rata fractional share)
Estimated fair value of Tennessee Community Bank Holdings, Inc.$36,547 

The shares issued had a average market value

F-53

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

Allocation of Purchase Price
Total consideration above$36,547 
Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed
Cash and cash equivalents11,026 
Investment securities available for sale56,336 
Loans, net of unearned income171,445 
Accrued interest receivable948 
Premises and equipment5,221 
Cash surrender value of life insurance contracts5,629 
Restricted equity securities909 
Core deposit intangible3,617 
Other assets833 
Deposits(210,538)
Deferred tax liability(157)
Borrowings(58)
FHLB advances(13,102)
Other liabilities(4,337)
Total fair value of net assets acquired27,772 
Goodwill$8,775 

CBT was a Tennessee-based full-service community bank with operations in 2017Ashland City, Kingston Springs, Pegram, Pleasant View, and $15.24Springfield, Tennessee. These communities lie on the northwest perimeter of Nashville, Tennessee.

During 2020, the Company determined minor adjustments were appropriate to decrease premises and equipment by $1,219, decrease deferred tax liabilities by $168, and increase payables and other liabilities by $643 effective as of the acquisition date. These adjustments result in an increase to goodwill of $1,694.

First Advantage Bancorp

Effective April 1, 2020, Reliant Bancorp completed the acquisition of FABK pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated October 22, 2019 (the “FABK Agreement”), by and among Reliant Bancorp, FABK, and PG Merger Sub, Inc., a Tennessee corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Reliant Bancorp ("Merger Sub"). On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the FABK Agreement, Merger Sub merged with and into FABK (the "FABK Transaction"), with FABK as the surviving corporation, followed immediately by the merger of FABK with and into Reliant Bancorp, with Reliant Bancorp as the surviving corporation. Immediately following the merger of FABK into Reliant Bancorp, First Advantage Bank, a Tennessee-chartered commercial bank and wholly-owned subsidiary of FABK ("FAB"), merged with and into the Bank, with the Bank continuing as the surviving banking corporation. Pursuant to the FABK Agreement, at the effective time of the FABK Transaction, each outstanding share of FABK common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “FABK Common Stock”), other than certain excluded shares, was converted into the right to receive (i) 1.17 shares of Reliant Bancorp Common Stock and (ii) $3.00 in 2016.cash, without interest. In lieu of the issuance of fractional shares of Reliant Bancorp Common Stock, Reliant Bancorp agreed to pay cash in lieu of fractional shares based on the volume-weighted average closing price per share of Reliant Bancorp Common Stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market for the 10 consecutive trading days ending on and including March 30, 2020 (calculated as $11.74). Based on the April 1, 2020 opening price for Reliant Bancorp Common Stock of $11.27 per share and 3,935,165 shares vest over periods rangingof FABK Common Stock outstanding on April 1, 2020, the consideration for the FABK Transaction was approximately $64,094, in the aggregate, or $16.28 per share of FABK Common Stock.

F-54

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
The following table details the financial impact of the FABK Transaction, including the calculation of the purchase price, the allocation of the purchase price to the fair values of net assets assumed and goodwill recognized:
Calculation of Purchase Price
Shares of First Advantage Bancorp common stock outstanding as of April 1, 20203,935,165 
Conversion of restricted stock units to shares of common stock of First Advantage Bancorp as of April 1, 20202,000 
Total First Advantage Bancorp common stock outstanding as of April 1, 20203,937,165 
Exchange ratio for Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock1.17
Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock shares issued4,606,483 
Remove fractional shares(64)
Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock shares issued4,606,419
Reliant Bancorp, Inc. share price at April 1, 2020$11.27 
Estimated value of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. shares issued51,914 
Cash settlement for Reliant Bancorp, Inc. fractional shares ($11.74 per pro rata fractional share)1
Cash settlement for First Advantage Bancorp common stock ($3.00 per share)11,805
Cash settlement for First Advantage Bancorp restricted stock units ($3.00 per share)6
Cash settlement for First Advantage Bancorp's 34,800 outstanding stock options ($30.00 settlement price less weighted average exercise price of $19.44)368
Estimated fair value of First Advantage Bancorp$64,094 

Allocation of Purchase Price
Total consideration above$64,094 
Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed
Cash and cash equivalents11,159 
Investment securities available for sale35,970 
Loans, net of unearned income622,423 
Mortgage loans held for sale, net5,878 
Premises and equipment7,757 
Deferred tax asset4,937 
Cash surrender value of life insurance contracts14,776 
Other real estate and repossessed assets1,259 
Core deposit intangible2,280 
Operating lease right-of-use assets5,846 
Other assets11,624 
Deposits(608,690)
Borrowings(35,962)
Operating lease liabilities(6,536)
Other liabilities(10,606)
Total fair value of net assets acquired62,115 
Goodwill$1,979 

FAB was a Tennessee-based full-service community bank headquartered in Clarksville, Tennessee. FAB operated branch offices in Montgomery, Davidson and Williamson counties, Tennessee and operated a loan production office in Knoxville, Tennessee primarily originating manufactured housing loans.

F-55

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
During 2020, the Company determined minor adjustments in fair value were appropriate to reduce premises and equipment by $202, to reduce deferred tax assets by $1,854, and increase other assets by $405 effective as of the acquisition date. The adjustments result in an increase in goodwill of $1,651.

Supplemental Pro Forma Combined Condensed Statements of Income

Pro forma data for the twelve months ended months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 in the table below presents information as if the TCB Holdings Transaction and FABK Transaction occurred on January 1, 2019. These results combine the historical results of TCB Holdings and FABK into the Company's consolidated statement of income and, while certain adjustments were made for the estimated impact of certain fair value adjustments, they are not indicative of what would have occurred had the acquisitions taken place on the indicated date nor are they intended to represent or be indicative of future results of operations. In particular, no adjustments have been made to eliminate the amount of TCB Holdings' or FABK's provision for credit losses for the first twelve months ended months of 2019 that may not have been necessary had the acquired loans been recorded at fair value as of the beginning of 2019. Additionally, these financials were not adjusted for non-recurring expenses, such as merger-related charges incurred by either the Company, TCB Holdings or FABK. The Company expects to achieve operating cost savings and other business synergies as a result of the acquisitions which are also not reflected in the pro forma amounts.


Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
20202019
Revenue(1)
$149,652 $117,496 
Net interest income$120,769 $100,070 
Net income attributable to common shareholders$34,126 $33,719 
(1) Net interest income plus noninterest income


NOTE 16 - MORTGAGE OPERATIONS

Reliant Mortgage Ventures, LLC ("RMV") was organized on November 15, 2011 as a joint venture between VHC Fund 1, LLC (VHC) and Legacy Reliant Bank to offer mortgage banking services within the Legacy Reliant Bank's market footprint. The Bank controls 51% of RMV's governance rights and 30% of RMV's income rights.
VHC Fund 1, LLC was controlled by an immediate family member of a previous member of the Company’s board of directors through March 2019. Under the related operating agreement, the non-controlling member receives 70% of the profits of RMV, and the Company receives 30% of the profits once the non-controlling member recovers its cumulative losses. The noncontrolling member is responsible for 100% of the mortgage venture’s operational and credit losses. The income and loss is included in the consolidated results of operations. The portion of the income and loss attributable to the non-controlling member (100% for 2020, 2019, and 2018) are included in non-controlling interest in net loss of subsidiary on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, RMV had a receivable balance from onethe Company of $404 and payable to three years.the Company of $1,484, respectively.
Direct costs incurred by the Company attributable to the mortgage operations are allocated to RMV as well as rent, personnel and core processing. As of December 31, 2017, there was $1,1182020, the cumulative losses to date of unrecognized compensation cost relatedRMV totaled $13,655. RMV will have to non-vested restrictedgenerate net income of this amount before the Company will participate in future earnings.


NOTE 17 - SEGMENT REPORTING
The Company has 2 reportable business segments: commercial banking and residential mortgage banking. Segment information is derived from the internal reporting system utilized by management. Revenues and expenses for segments reflect
F-56

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share awards.amounts)
those which can be specifically identified and have been assigned based on internally developed allocation methods. Financial results have been presented, to the extent practicable, as if each segment operated on a stand-alone basis.

Commercial Banking provides deposit and lending services to consumer and business customers within our primary geographic markets. Our customers are serviced through branch locations, ATMs, online banking, and mobile banking.

Residential Mortgage Banking originates traditional first lien residential mortgage loans and first lien home equity lines of credit throughout the United States. The cost is expectedtraditional first lien residential mortgage loans are typically underwritten to be charged over a weighted-average periodgovernment agency standards and sold to third-party secondary market mortgage investors. The home equity lines of 1.9 years. In 2017,credit are typically sold to participating banks or other investor groups and are underwritten to their standards.

During the fair valuesecond quarter of share awards vested totaled $368.

2019, RMV began acquiring loans from approved correspondent lenders and reselling them in the secondary market. These loans are not government agency-qualified loans and are of higher risk, such as jumbo loans or senior position home equity lines of credit.


The following presents summarized results of operations for the Company’s business segments for the periods indicated:
 

 December 31, 2020
 Commercial BankingResidential Mortgage BankingElimination EntriesConsolidated
Net interest income$105,628 $2,418 $$108,046 
Provision for loan losses8,350 8,350 
Noninterest income9,320 12,293 (54)21,559 
Noninterest expense (excluding merger expense)61,339 14,973 76,312 
Merger expense6,895 6,895 
Income tax expense (benefit)6,952 (17)6,935 
Net income (loss)31,412 (245)(54)31,113 
Noncontrolling interest in net loss of subsidiary245 54 299 
Net income attributable to common shareholders$31,412 $$$31,412 

 December 31, 2019
 Commercial BankingResidential Mortgage BankingElimination EntriesConsolidated
Net interest income$55,252 $553 $$55,805 
Provision for loan losses1,211 1,211 
Noninterest income7,059 5,086 (181)11,964 
Noninterest expense (excluding merger expense)40,779 11,510 52,289 
Merger expense1,603 1,603 
Income tax expense (benefit)2,522 (393)2,129 
Net income16,196 (5,478)(181)10,537 
Noncontrolling interest in net income of subsidiary5,478 181 5,659 
Net income attributable to common shareholders$16,196 $$$16,196 

F-57

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
 December 31, 2018
 Commercial BankingResidential Mortgage BankingElimination EntriesConsolidated
Net interest income$52,990 $821 $$53,811 
Provision for loan losses1,035 1,035 
Noninterest income5,250 4,595 (181)9,664 
Noninterest expense (excluding merger expense)38,738 9,049 47,787 
Merger expense2,774 2,774 
Income tax expense (benefit)1,608 (236)1,372 
Net income14,085 (3,397)(181)10,507 
Noncontrolling interest in net income of subsidiary3,397 181 3,578 
Net income attributable to common shareholders$14,085 $$$14,085 

NOTE 1318 - REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS

The Company and the Bank are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal and state banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations, involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators. Failure to meet capital requirements can initiate regulatory action. Management believes that as of December 31,2017 2020 and 20162019 the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.

Prompt corrective action regulations provide five classifications: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized, although these terms are not used to represent overall financial condition. If adequately capitalized, regulatory approval is required to accept brokered deposits. If undercapitalized, capital distributions are limited, as is asset growth and expansion, and capital restoration plansplans are required. At December 31, 2017 2020 and 2016,2019, the most recent regulatory notifications categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the category.

F-57
F-58

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 13 - REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS (CONTINUED)

Actual and required capital amounts and ratios are presentedpresented below as of December 31, 2017 2020 and 2016.

2019.
  

Actual

Regulatory

Capital

  

Minimum Required

Capital Including

Capital Conservation

Buffer

  

To Be Well

Capitalized Under

Prompt Corrective

Action Provisions

 
  

Amount

  

Ratio

  

Amount

  

Ratio

  

Amount

  

Ratio

 

December 31, 2017

                        

Company

                        

Tier I leverage

 $126,234   11.89% $42,467   4.000% $53,084   5.00%

Common equity tier 1

  126,234   13.90%  52,219   5.750%  59,030   6.50%

Tier I risk-based capital

  126,234   13.90%  65,841   7.250%  72,653   8.00%

Total risk-based capital

  135,965   14.97%  84,013   9.250%  90,825   10.00%
                         

Bank

                        

Tier I leverage

 $123,862   11.68% $42,418   4.000% $53,023   5.00%

Common equity tier 1

  123,862   13.67%  52,100   5.750%  58,896   6.50%

Tier I risk-based capital

  123,862   13.67%  65,691   7.250%  72,487   8.00%

Total risk-based capital

  133,593   14.74%  83,835   9.250%  90,633   10.00%
                         

December 31, 2016

                        

Company

                        

Tier I leverage

 $96,682   10.86% $35,610   4.000%  N/A   N/A 

Common equity tier 1

  96,682   13.00%  38,115   5.125%  N/A   N/A 

Tier I risk-based capital

  96,682   13.00%  49,271   6.625%  N/A   N/A 

Total risk-based capital

  105,764   14.22%  64,150   8.625%  N/A   N/A 
                         

Bank

                        

Tier I leverage

 $95,637   10.75% $35,586   4.000% $44,482   5.00%

Common equity tier 1

  95,637   12.88%  38,054   5.125%  48,264   6.50%

Tier I risk-based capital

  95,637   12.88%  49,192   6.625%  59,402   8.00%

Total risk-based capital

  104,719   14.10%  64,057   8.625%  74,269   10.00%

 Actual
Regulatory
Capital
Minimal Capital AdequacyMinimum Required
Capital Including
Capital Conservation
Buffer
To Be Well
Capitalized Under
Prompt Corrective
Action Provisions
 AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatio
December 31, 2020      
Company      
Tier I leverage$262,282 8.91 %$117,747 4.00 %$117,747 4.000 %$147,184 5.00 %
Common equity Tier 1250,513 10.22 %110,304 4.50 %171,584 7.000 %159,328 6.50 %
Tier I risk-based capital262,282 10.70 %147,074 6.00 %208,355 8.500 %196,099 8.00 %
Total risk-based capital342,246 13.96 %196,130 8.00 %257,420 10.500 %245,162 10.00 %
Bank
Tier I leverage$313,633 10.64 %$117,907 4.00 %$117,907 4.000 %$147,384 5.00 %
Common equity Tier 1313,633 12.83 %110,004 4.50 %171,117 7.000 %158,894 6.50 %
Tier I risk-based capital313,633 12.83 %146,672 6.00 %207,785 8.500 %195,562 8.00 %
Total risk-based capital334,919 13.71 %195,430 8.00 %256,503 10.500 %244,288 10.00 %
December 31, 2019      
Company     
Tier I leverage$176,748 9.74 %N/A%$72,586 4.000 %$90,733 5.00 %
Common equity Tier 1165,063 10.55 %N/A%109,520 7.000 %101,698 6.50 %
Tier I risk-based capital176,748 11.30 %N/A%132,952 8.500 %125,131 8.00 %
Total risk-based capital249,751 15.97 %N/A%164,207 10.500 %156,388 10.00 %
Bank
Tier I leverage$186,734 10.30 %N/A%$72,518 4.000 %$90,648 5.00 %
Common equity Tier 1186,734 11.95 %N/A%109,384 7.000 %101,571 6.50 %
Tier I risk-based capital186,734 11.95 %N/A%132,823 8.500 %125,010 8.00 %
Total risk-based capital199,737 12.79 %N/A%163,975 10.500 %156,167 10.00 %
F-58

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 13 - REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS (CONTINUED)

In July 2013, the Bank’sBank’s regulators adopted revised regulatory capital requirements known as “Basel III”, which became effective January 1, 2015. Required capital ratios applicable to the Bank under these guidelines are presented in the preceding table. The new requirements also establishestablished a "capital conservation buffer" of 2.5% that will bewas phased in over four years. If capital levels fall below the minimum requirement, plus the capital conservation buffer, the Bank will be subject to restrictions related dividend payments, share repurchases, and certain employee bonuses.

NOTE 1

On December 4, - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

2018, the Company authorized a stock repurchase plan pursuant to which the Company could purchase up to $12 million of shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock, par value $1.00 per share. The Company has federal funds lines at other financial institutions with availability totaling $78,200 at plan ran through December 31, 2017. At December 31, 2017, 2019. Stock repurchases under the plan could be made from time to time in the open market or privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise, at the discretion of management of the Company did not have outstanding balances for these federal funds lines. At December 31, 2016, and in accordance with applicable legal requirements. The timing and amount of share repurchases under the plan depended on a number of factors, including the Company’s stock price performance, ongoing capital planning considerations, general market conditions, and applicable legal requirements. In 2019, the Company had an outstanding balancerepurchased $8,291 of $3,671 under these federal funds lines.Company shares. The Company also has an unsecured line of credit at IDC Deposits with availability of $20,000. The Company had a balance outstanding under this line at December 31, 2017 of $2,000. The Companystock repurchase plan did not have a balance outstanding under this line at December 31, 2016. The Company also may access borrowings utilizing the Federal Reserve bank discount window of $12,900 at December 31, 2017. There were no funds advanced from the discount window at December 31, 2017 or 2016.

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, obligate the Company has $210,000to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares, and $170,000 in standby letters of credit with the Federal Home Loan Bank, with $208,829 and $162,190 pledged to secure municipal deposits.

At December 31, 2017,plan could be extended, modified, amended, suspended, or discontinued at any time.


On March 10, 2020, the Company announced that its board of directors has employment agreements with certain executive officers. Upon the occurrence of an “Event of Termination” as defined by the agreements,authorized a stock repurchase plan pursuant to which the Company has an obligationmay purchase up to pay each$15 million of shares of the executive officers as defined in the agreements.

Company’s outstanding common stock, par value $1.00

F-59

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

per share. As of December 31, 2020, Reliant Bancorp had 0t repurchased any shares of Reliant Bancorp common stock under the Repurchase Plan. On April 27, 2020, we announced that our board of directors suspended the Repurchase Plan to preserve our financial strength during this challenging economic environment. The Plan expired on December 31, 2020.


NOTE 19 - STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

In 2006, the Board of Directors and shareholders of the Bank approved the Commerce Union Bank Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan provides for the granting of stock options and authorizes the issuance of common stock upon the exercise of such options, for up to 625,000 shares of common stock to employees and organizers of the Company. As part of reorganization, all Commerce Union Bank options were replaced with Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. options with no change in terms. On March 10, 2015, the shareholders of the Company approved the Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan that permits the grant of awards of up to 1,250,000 shares of the Company common stock in the form of stock options. As part of the merger with Reliant Bank, all outstanding stock options of Reliant Bank were converted to stock options of Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. under this plan.
 

NOTE 15– LEASES (CONTINUED)

Under the Stock Option Plan, stock option awards may be granted in the form of incentive stock options or non-statutory stock options, and are generally exercisable for up to ten years following the date such option awards are granted. Exercise prices of incentive stock options must be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the common stock on the grant date.


On June 18, 2015, the shareholders of Reliant Bancorp (then known as "Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.") approved the Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, which reserves up to 900,000 shares of Reliant Bancorp common stock to be subject to awards under the plan, including awards in the form of stock options, restricted stock grants, performance-based awards, and other awards denominated or payable by reference to or based on or related to Reliant Bancorp common stock.

The Company has recognized stock-based compensation expense, within salaries and employee benefits for employees, and within other noninterest expense for directors, in the consolidated statement of income as follows:

Twelve Months Ended December 31,
202020192018
Stock-based compensation expense before income taxes$1,578 $1,222 $923 
Less: deferred tax benefit(412)(319)(241)
Reduction of net income$1,166 $903 $682 

Common Stock Options
A summary of the Company’s leased facilities (other than month-to-month agreements) follows:

Base Lease Term

Base Lease

With Renewal

Escalation

Property Description (In Tennesee unless noted)

Expiration Date

Periods

Clause

1736 Carothers Parkway, Brentwood

February 28, 2025

25 years

3% annually

6005 Nolensville Road, Nashville

September 30, 2018

20 years

none

5109 Peter Taylor Park Drive, Brentwood

July 31, 2016

17 years

3% annually

101 Creekstone Boulevard, Franklin

March 31, 2026

20 years

1% annually

711 East Main Street, Suite 105, Hendersonville

October 31, 2017

5 years

2.5% annually

105 Continental Place, Brentwood

December 31, 2020

4 years

3% annually

633 Chestnut St., Chattanooga

February 28, 2018

2 months

none

6100 Tower Circle, Franklin

December 31, 2027

10 years

2.5% annually

1835 E. Northfield Blvd. Murfreesboro

September 30, 2027

15 years

3% biannually then 3% annually

4108 Hillsboro Pike, Nashville

November 30, 2021

27 years

10% after 5th year of initial term

The Company has classified all leases as operating lease agreementsthe activity in the stock option plan for office space, copiers,the periods ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and an automobile. Future minimum rental payments required under the terms of the non-cancellable leases are2018, is as follows:

 Year Ending

    

December 31,

    

2018

 $2,103 

2019

  2,094 

2020

  2,124 

2021

  1,775 

2022

  1,496 

Thereafter

  5,380 

Total

 $14,972 

Total rent expense under the leases amounted to $2,055,$1,954 and $2,094, respectively, during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

NOTE 16 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The main office, operations center, and Franklin branch were previously leased from Corporations in which owners in the Corporations serve as members of the Company’s Board of Directors. The amounts paid under these leases totaled $44 and $599 during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

SharesWeighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual TermAggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2018170,761 $14.48 5.73 years$1,905 
Granted25,500 28.00
Exercised(30,001)13.27
Forfeited or expired(7,000)18.20
Outstanding at December 31, 2018159,260 16.726.04 years1,146
Exercisable at December 31, 201888,06013.45 4.32 years847
Vested and anticipated vesting shares as of December 31, 2018157,12416.676.01 years1,002
Granted27,500 23.28 
Exercised(34,714)12.79

F-60

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

SharesWeighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual TermAggregate Intrinsic Value
Forfeited or expired(2,753)19.35 
Outstanding at December 31, 2019149,293 18.816.68 years700 
Exercisable at December 31, 201974,69315.31 5.18 years553
Vested and anticipated vesting shares as of December 31, 2019149,29318.766.64 years891
Granted
Exercised(10,865)12.20 
Forfeited or expired(21,807)21.26 
Outstanding at December 31, 2020116,621 18.97 5.87 years304 
Exercisable at December 31, 202078,92116.66 5.02 years290 



Information related to the stock option plan during each year follows and assumes a 3% forfeiture rate:
 

NOTE 17 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE-SHEET RISK

Some financial instruments, such
 202020192018
Intrinsic value of options exercised$51 $320 $344 
Cash received from option exercises142 439 398 
Tax benefit realized from option exercises15 13 88 
Weighted average fair value of options granted6.97 7.10 

As of December 31, 2020, there was $204 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options granted under the Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.87 years. The total fair value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, was $114, $96, and $61, respectively.

The fair value of options granted during 2019 and 2018 was determined using the following assumptions as loan commitments, credit lines, letters of credit,the grant date, resulting in an estimated fair value per option of $6.97 and overdraft protection lines, are issued$6.89, respectively. NaN options were granted in 2020.
 20192018
Risk-free interest rate2.08%2.39%2.95%
Expected term (in years)6.5 years6.5 years
Expected stock price volatility31.10%32.80%23.50%
Dividend yield1.55%1.59%1.14%

Equity Incentive Plan
On June 18, 2015, the shareholders of Commerce Union approved the Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, which provides for the issuance of up to meet customer financing needs. These are agreements to provide credit or to support the credit900,000 shares of others, as long as conditions establishedcommon stock in the contract are met, and usually have expiration dates. Commitments may expire without being used. Off-balance-sheet riskform of credit loss exists up to the face amount of these instruments, although material losses are not anticipated. The same credit policies are used to make such commitments as are usedstock options, restricted stock grants or grants for loans, including obtaining collateral at exercise of the commitment.

The contractual amounts of financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk at December31,2017 and 2016 were as follows:

  

2017

  

2016

 

Unused lines of credit

        

Fixed

 $49,637  $44,371 

Variable

  135,951   114,648 

Standby letters of credit

  13,176   12,217 

Total

 $198,764  $171,236 

performance-based compensation units.

NOTE 18 - DERIVATIVES

During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company entered into swap agreements totaling $11,200 to effectively convert fixed municipal security yields to floating rates. This hedge is intended to reduce the interest rate risk associated with the underlying hedged item by mitigating the risk of changes in fair value based on fluctuations in interest rates.

The total notional amount of swap agreements was $21,505 at December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015. At December 31, 2017, the contracts had fair values totaling $155 recorded in other assets and $180 recorded in other liabilities. At December 31, 2016, the contracts had fair values totaling $195 recorded in other assets and $267 recorded in other liabilities.

The derivative instruments held by the Company are designated and qualify as fair value hedges. Accordingly, the gain or loss on the derivatives as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the available-for-sale securities attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. At December 31, 2017, the Company’s fair value hedges are effective and are not expected to have a significant impact on net income over the next year.


F-61

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 19 - EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following is a summary oftable shows the components comprising basicactivity related to non-vested restricted stock and diluted earnings per common share ofrestricted stock (EPS)units for the years ended December 31:

2020, 2019 and 2018:
  

Year Ended

 
  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 

Basic EPS Computation

            

Net income attributable to common shareholders

 $7,246  $8,936  $5,575 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

  8,151,492   7,586,993   6,329,316 

Basic earnings per common share

 $0.89  $1.18  $0.88 

Diluted EPS Computation

            

Net income attributable to common shareholders

 $7,246  $8,936  $5,575 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

  8,151,492   7,586,993   6,329,316 

Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted shares

  87,809   104,500   149,636 

Adjusted weighted average common shares outstanding

  8,239,301   7,691,493   6,478,952 

Diluted earnings per common share

 $0.88  $1.16  $0.86 
Restricted Stock UnitsRestricted Stock
 UnitsWeighted Average Grant-Date
Fair Value
SharesWeighted Average Grant-Date
Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 201782,499 20.03
Granted51,710 27.55
Vested(21,999)15.95
Forfeited(1,550)25.17
Outstanding at December 31, 2018110,660 24.28
Granted47,750 23.30 9,500 22.01
Vested(21,450)19.31
Forfeited(7,750)23.25
Outstanding at December 31, 201947,750 $23.30 90,960 $25.31 
Granted102,400 14.55 
Vested(15,500)21.66 (50,050)24.08 
Forfeited(2,000)10.25 
Outstanding at December 31, 2020132,650 $16.93 40,910 $26.82 

 

The shares vest over periods ranging from one month to three years. As of December 31, 2020, there was $1,559 and $220 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted share units and awards, respectively. The cost is expected to be charged over a weighted-average period of 2.11 years for the restricted stock units and 0.74 years for the restricted stock share awards. In 2020, 2019 and 2018, the fair value of share awards vested totaled $1,032, $605 and $439.



NOTE 2020 - SEGMENT REPORTING

BENEFIT PLANS

401(k) Plan
The Company has two reportable business segments: retail bankinga 401(k) benefit plan that allows employee contributions up to 100% of their compensation, subject to regulatory limitations. The Company matches 100% of the first 6% contributed by the employee. The Company recognized an expense for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and residential mortgage banking. Segment information2018 of $1,496, $1,033, and $805, respectively.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In 2018, the Company adopted an employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) under which employees, through payroll deductions, are able to purchase shares of Company common stock. The purchase price is derived from85% of the internal reporting system utilized by managementlesser of the closing price of the common stock on the first trading date of the relevant offering period or the last trading day of the relevant offering period. The maximum number of shares issuable is 200,000 shares and a participant may not purchase more than 2,500 shares during any offering period (and, in any event, no more than $25 worth of common stock in any calendar year). Revenues and expenses for segments reflect those, which can be specifically identified and have been assigned based on internally developed allocation methods. Financial results have been presented,For the year ended December 31, 2020, 21,962 shares were issued related to the extent practicable, as if each segment operated on a stand-alone basis.

Retail Bankingprovides depositESPP. In 2019, there were 8,512 shares of common stock issued under the ESPP. As of December 31, 2020, there were 169,526 shares available for issuance under the ESPP.




NOTE 21 - CONTRACT REVENUE

The Company does not consider revenue from its contracts subject to ASC 606 to be significant due to the scope exceptions of the standard.

The revenue of the Company from contracts with customers that is within the scope of ASC 606 is presented in noninterest income and lending services to consumer and business customers within our primary geographic markets. Our customers are serviced through branch locations, ATMs, online banking, and mobile banking.

Residential Mortgage Banking originates first lien residential mortgage loans throughoutincludes the United States. These loans are typically underwritten to government agency standards and sold to third party secondary market mortgage investors.

following:

F-62

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 20 - SEGMENT REPORTING (CONTINUED)

The following tables present summarized results

Credit card interchange fees arise from card holder transactions and are a percentage of operations foreach transaction. These fees are earned and recognized concurrently with the Company’s business segments:

  

Year Ended December 31, 2017

 
  

Retail Banking

  

Residential

Mortgage

Banking

  

Elimination

Entries

  

Consolidated

 

Net interest income

 $33,761  $726  $-  $34,487 

Provision for loan losses

  1,316   -   -   1,316 

Noninterest income

  2,333   3,805   (128)  6,010 

Noninterest expense

  25,524   5,552   -   31,076 

Income tax expense (benefit)

  2,008   (66)  -   1,942 

Net income (loss)

  7,246   (955)  (128)  6,163 

Noncontrolling interest in net loss of subsidiary

  -   955   128   1,083 

Net income attributable to common shareholders

 $7,246  $-  $-  $7,246 

  

Year Ended December 31, 2016

 
  

Retail Banking

  

Residential 

Mortgage

Banking

  

Elimination

Entries

  

Consolidated

 

Net interest income

 $32,035  $617  $-  $32,652 

Provision for loan losses

  968   -   -   968 

Noninterest income

  2,481   6,319   -   8,800 

Noninterest expense

  22,327   8,047   -   30,374 

Income tax expense

  2,285   (72)  -   2,213 

Net income

  8,936   (1,039)  -   7,897 

Noncontrolling interest in net income of subsidiary

  -   1,039   -   1,039 

Net income attributable to common shareholders

 $8,936  $-  $-  $8,936 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBERtransaction processing. During the years ending December 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 20 - SEGMENT REPORTING (CONTINUED)

The following tables present summarized results of operations for the Company’s business segments:

  

Year Ended December 31, 2015

 
  

Retail Banking

  

Residential

Mortgage

Banking

  

Elimination

Entries

  

Consolidated

 

Net interest income

 $25,931  $1,239  $-  $27,170 

Provision for loan losses

  (270)  -   -   (270)

Noninterest income

  1,383   10,999   -   12,382 

Noninterest expense

  19,590   11,979   -   31,569 

Income tax expense

  2,419   (148)  -   2,271 

Net income

  5,575   407   -   5,982 

Noncontrolling interest in net loss of subsidiary

  -   (407)  -   (407)

Net income attributable to common shareholders

 $5,575  $-  $-  $5,575 

NOTE 21 - BUSINESS COMBINATION

On March 10,2015, Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. (“Commerce Union”) approved a merger with Reliant Bank (“Reliant”) which became effective on April 1,2015 (“the Merger”). Each outstanding share2020, 2019 and option to purchase a share of Reliant common stock converted into the right to receive 1.0213 shares of Commerce Union common stock. After the Merger was completed, Commerce Union’s shareholders owned approximately 44.5% of the common stock of2018, the Company recognized credit card interchange fees of $212, $136, and Reliant Bank’s shareholders owned approximately 55.5%$65, respectively.


Investment brokerage fees arise from a contract with an independent third-party service provider. The Company receives monthly commissions from the third party service provider based on mutual customer activity. The Company is only in the role of an agent in arranging the common stock ofrelationship between the mutual customer and the third- party service provider. During the years ending December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company on a fully diluted basis.

The Merger was accounted for as a reverse merger using the acquisition methodrecognized investment brokerage fees of accounting, in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 805-10 Business Combinations. As such, for accounting purposes, Reliant was considered to have acquired Commerce Union in this transaction. As a result, the historical financial statements of the Company will be the historical financial statements of Reliant. The assets$194, $49, and liabilities of Commerce Union as of the effective date of the Merger were recorded at their respective estimated fair values and added to those of Reliant. Any excess of purchase price over the net estimate fair values of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities of Commerce Union were allocated to all identifiable intangibles assets. Any remaining excess was then allocated to goodwill. Goodwill arising from the acquisition consists primarily of synergies of the combined operations. The goodwill resulting from this business combination is not deductible for tax purposes.

$99, respectively.

F-64

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 21 - BUSINESS COMBINATION (CONTINUED)

These financial statements include the results attributable to the operations of Commerce Union beginning on April 1,2015. Effective December 31, 2017, Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. changed its name to Reliant Bancorp, Inc.

The following table details the financial impact of the merger, including the calculation of the purchase price, the allocation of the purchase price to the fair values of net assets assumed and goodwill recognized:

Calculation of Purchase Price

    
     

Shares of Commerce Union common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2015

  3,069,030 

Estimated market price of Commerce Union common stock on April 1, 2015

 $14.95 

Estimated fair value of Commerce Union common stock

  45,882 

Estimated fair value of Commerce Union stock options

  2,019 

Total consideration

 $47,901 

Allocation of Purchase Price

    
     

Total consideration above

 $47,901 
     

Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed

    

Cash and cash equivalents

 $12,378 

Investment securities available for sale

  29,487 

Loans

  248,122 

Premises and equipment

  5,807 

Deferred tax asset, net

  549 

Bank owned life insurance

  4,181 

Core deposit intangible

  1,901 

Prepaid and other assets

  4,229 

Deposits

  (247,307)

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

  (488)

Other borrowings

  (20,856)

Payables and other liabilities

  (733)

Total fair value of net assets acquired

  37,270 
     

Goodwill

 $10,631 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 21 - BUSINESS COMBINATION (CONTINUED)

Pro forma data for the year ended December 31, 2015 in the table below presents information as if the merger occurred at the beginning of each year.

Net interest income

 $30,355 

Net income attributable to common shareholders

  6,221 
     

Earnings per share—basic

  0.88 

Earnings per share—diluted

  0.85 

Supplemental pro forma earnings in the above table for the years ended December 31, 2015 include $849 of nonrecurring costs.

NOTE 22 - QUARTERLY FINANCIAL RESULTS (UNAUDITED)

The following is a summary of consolidated quarterly financial results for the year ended December 31, 2017:

  

First

  

Second

  

Third

  

Fourth

 
  

Quarter

  

Quarter

  

Quarter

  

Quarter

 

Interest income

 $8,973  $9,704  $10,627  $10,854 

Net interest income

  7,971   8,503   9,096   8,917 

Consolidated net income

  1,559   1,794   1,840   970 

Noncontrolling interest in net (income) loss of subsidiary

  499   393   6   185 

Net income attributable to common shareholders

  2,058   2,187   1,846   1,155 

Basic earnings per share

  0.27   0.28   0.23   0.13 

Diluted earnings per share

  0.26   0.28   0.22   0.13 

The following is a summary of consolidated quarterly financial results for the year ended December 31, 2016:

  

First

  

Second

  

Third

  

Fourth

 
  

Quarter

  

Quarter

  

Quarter

  

Quarter

 

Interest income

 $8,914  $9,497  $8,656  $8,948 

Net interest income

  8,082   8,692   7,835   8,043 

Consolidated net income

  2,558   2,137   1,763   1,439 

Noncontrolling interest in net (income) loss of subsidiary

  (321)  223   605   532 

Net income attributable to common shareholders

  2,237   2,360   2,368   1,971 

Basic earnings per share

  0.30   0.31   0.31   0.26 

Diluted earnings per share

  0.30   0.31   0.30   0.25 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 22 - QUARTERLY FINANCIAL RESULTS (UNAUDITED) (CONTINUED)

The following is a summary of consolidated quarterly financial results for the year ended December 31, 2015:

  

First

  

Second

  

Third

  

Fourth

 
  

Quarter

  

Quarter

  

Quarter

  

Quarter

 

Interest income

 $4,473  $8,224  $8,483  $8,708 

Net interest income

  4,069   7,481   7,719   7,901 

Consolidated net income

  541   1,570   2,340   1,531 

Noncontrolling interest in net (income) loss of subsidiary

  71   32   (507)  (3)

Net income attributable to common shareholders

  612   1,602   1,833   1,528 

Basic earnings per share

  0.16   0.23   0.26   0.21 

Diluted earnings per share

  0.15   0.22   0.25   0.21 

NOTE 23 - MORTGAGE OPERATIONS

During 2011, the Company and VHC Fund 1, LLC organized Reliant Mortgage Ventures, LLC (the “Venture”) for the purpose of improving the Company’s mortgage operations. The Company holds 51% of the governance rights of the Venture (and therefore consolidates the results of its operations) and 30% of the Venture’s financial rights. VHC Fund 1, LLC holds 49% of the governance rights of the Venture and 70% of the related financial rights. VHC Fund 1, LLC is controlled by an immediate family member of a member of the Company’s board of directors. Under the related operating agreement, the non-controlling member receives 70% of the profits of the Venture, and the Company receives 30% of the profits once the non-controlling member recovers its cumulative losses. The non-controlling member is responsible for 100% of the mortgage venture’s operational and credit losses. The income and loss is included in the consolidated results of operations. The portion of the income and loss attributable to the non-controlling member (100% for 2017,2016 and 2015) are included in non-controlling interest in net (income) loss of subsidiary on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Venture had a payable balance to the Company of $342 and $632, respectively.

Direct costs incurred by the Company attributable to the mortgage operations are allocated to the Venture as well as rent, personnel and core processing. As of December 31, 2017, the cumulative losses to date of the Venture totaled $4,352. The Venture will have to generate net income of this amount before the Company will participate in future earnings.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 24 - PARENT COMPANY CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following tables present parent company condensed financial statements for Reliant Bancorp, Inc.:

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEET

       

DECEMBER 31

       
  

2017

  

2016

 

ASSETS

        

Cash and cash equivalents

 $1,709  $166 

Due from bank

  -   1,711 

Investment in subsidiary

  137,765   105,874 

Other assets

  1,841   920 

Total assets

 $141,315  $108,671 
         

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

        

Dividend payable

  542   1,711 

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

  636   41 

Shareholders'equity

  140,137   106,919 

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

 $141,315  $108,671 

CONDENSED STATEMENT OF INCOME

         

YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31

         
  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 

Dividends from subsidiary

 $2,141  $3,161  $3,139 

Other expense

  2,920   1,326   1,413 

Income before income tax and undistributed income from subsidiary

  (779)  1,835   1,726 

Income tax expense (benefit)

  (922)  (508)  (446)

Equity in undistributed income from subsidiary

  7,103   6,593   3,403 

Net income attributable to common shareholders

 $7,246  $8,936  $5,575 
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEET
DECEMBER 31,
 20202019
ASSETS 
Cash and cash equivalents$2,092 $46,997 
Investment in subsidiaries396,314 255,049 
Other assets6,464 2,851 
Total assets$404,870 $304,897 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Dividend payable$$76 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities2,971 735 
Subordinate debentures79,926 80,333 
Shareholders' equity321,973 223,753 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$404,870 $304,897 


The following tables present parent company condensed financial statements for Reliant Bancorp, Inc.:
CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
 202020192018
Dividends from subsidiaries$4,000 $6,800 $7,521 
Interest expense4,363 1,520 1,277 
Other expense10,377 3,619 4,775 
Income before income tax and undistributed income from subsidiaries(10,740)1,661 1,469 
Income tax (benefit) expense(3,656)(1,123)(1,537)
Equity in undistributed income from subsidiaries38,496 13,412 11,079 
Net income attributable to common shareholders$31,412 $16,196 $14,085 

F-68
F-63

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 24 - PARENT COMPANY CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)

CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

         

YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31

         
  

2017

  

2016

  

2015

 

Cash flows from operating activities

            

Net income attributable to common shareholders

 $7,246  $8,936  $5,575 
Reclassification of federal income tax rate change  (245)  -   - 

Adjustments:

            

Equity in undistributed income from subsidiary

  (7,103)  (6,593)  (3,403)

Change in other assets

  790   (219)  (2,337)

Change in other liabilities

  595   (582)  336 

Net cash from operating activities

  1,283   1,542   171 
             

Cash flows from investing activities

            

Investment in subsidiary

  (21,195)  (4,772)  (1,895)

Cash from merger

  -   -   17 

Net cash used in investing activities

  (21,195)  (4,772)  (1,878)
             

Cash flows from financing activities

            

Dividends paid

  (3,193)  (1,489)  - 

Proceeds from equity issuances, net

  24,648   4,772   1,820 

Net cash from financing activities

  21,455   3,283   1,820 
             

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

  1,543   53   113 

Beginning cash and cash equivalents

  166   113   - 

Ending cash and cash equivalents

 $1,709  $166  $113 

CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
 202020192018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income attributable to common shareholders$31,412 $16,196 $14,085 
Adjustments:
Equity in undistributed income from subsidiaries(38,496)(13,412)(11,079)
Accretion related to subordinated debentures net of issuance cost amortization259 113 969 
Change in other assets(3,287)596 (1,333)
Change in other liabilities2,184 130 (230)
Net cash from operating activities(7,928)3,623 2,412 
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash (used in) received from acquisitions, net(30,664)(6,017)
Cash contributed to Risk subsidiary(325)
Net cash used in investing activities(30,989)(6,017)
Cash flows from financing activities
Issuance of subordinated debentures, net of issuance costs59,198 
Dividends paid(6,227)(4,013)(3,451)
Exercise of common stock options and warrants, net of repurchase of restricted shares239 (7,779)1,315 
Net cash from (used in) financing activities(5,988)47,406 (2,136)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents(44,905)45,012 276 
Beginning cash and cash equivalents46,997 1,985 1,709 
Ending cash and cash equivalents$2,092 $46,997 $1,985 
 

NOTE 2523 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Business Combination

Effective


On January 1, 2018, Reliant Bancorp, Inc. entered into25, 2021, the Company declared a business combination with Community First, Inc. (“Community First”). In connection with the business combination, sharesquarterly cash dividend of Community First common stock were exchanged for .481 shares$0.12 per share payable on February 19, 2021 to shareholders of record as of the Company’sclose of business on February 8, 2021.

Effective January 26, 2021, the Company authorized a stock repurchase plan for the Company to reacquire up to $10,000 of the Company's outstanding common stock. Any fractional sharesThe repurchase plan is anticipated to remain effective until December 31, 2021, unless the authorized amount of Community First common stock were redeemedshare repurchase is reached at the estimated fair market value. In connection with this business combination, Community First Bank & Trust which was a wholly owned subsidiary of Community First, was merged with and into Reliant Bank. This business combination results in expanded and more diversified market area for the Company.

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 25 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (CONTINUED)

Business Combination (Continued)

The following table details the financial impact of the merger, including the calculation of the purchase price, the allocation of the purchase price to the fair values of net assets assumed and goodwill recognized:

Calculation of Purchase Price

    
     

Shares of Community First common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2017

  5,025,884 

Exchange ratio for Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock

  0.481 

Share conversion

  2,417,450 

Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock shares issued

  2,416,444 

Reliant Bancorp, Inc. share price at December 29, 2017

 $25.64 
Value of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. common stock shares issued $61,958 

Value of fractional shares redeemed for cash

  25 

Estimated fair value of Community First

 $61,983 

Allocation of Purchase Price

    
     

Total consideration above

 $61,983 
     

Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed

    

Cash and cash equivalents

 $(33,128)

Time deposits in other financial institutions

  (23,309)

Investment securities available for sale

  (69,078)

Loans, net of unearned income

  (313,040)

Mortgage loans held for sale, net

  (910)

Accrued interest receivable

  (1,165)

Premises and equipment

  (9,585)

Restricted equity securities

  (1,727)

Cash surrender value of life insurance contracts

  (10,664)

Other real estate owned

  (1,650)

Deferred tax asset, net

  (4,885)

Core deposit intangible

  (7,888)

Other assets

  (1,888)

Deposits—noninterest-bearing

  80,395 

Deposits—interest-bearing

  352,100 

Other borrowings

  11,522 

Payables and other liabilities

  4,978 

Net liabilities assumed (net assets acquired)

 $(29,922)
     

Goodwill

 $32,061 

RELIANT BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DECEMBER 31, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

NOTE 25 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (CONTINUED)

Leases

an earlier date. The Company entered into multiple lease agreements subsequent to December 31, 2017. A summary ofmay extend, modify, amend, suspend, or discontinue the Company’s subsequently leased facilities are as follows:

plan at any time.

Base Lease Term

Lease

Base Lease

With Renewal

Escalation

Property Description

Commencement Date

Expiration Date

Periods (in years)

Clause

101 Creekstone Blvd., Franklin, TN

April 1, 2018

January 31, 2022

4

3% annually

633 Chestnut St., Chattanooga, TN

November 1, 2018

10

4th year - 2% annually thereafter

633 Chestnut St., Chattanooga, TNMarch 1, 2018October 31, 20188 monthsNone

The future commitments under the leases, excluding the Company’s share of excess operation cost or taxes are as follows:

 Year Ending

    

December 31,

    

2018

 $57 

2019

  179 

2020

  180 

2021

  181 

2022

  170 

Thereafter

  1,050 

Total

 $1,817 



EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit

No.

Description

Location

2.1

Agreement and Plan of Merger dated August 22, 2017, by and among Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc., Pioneer Merger Sub, Inc., Reliant Bank, Community First, Inc., and Community First Bank & Trust

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Form 8-K filed August 22, 2018

3.1

Amended and Restated Charter of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (f/k/a Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form S-4 filed July 3, 2014

3.2

Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Reliant Bancorp, Inc.

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K filed January 23, 2018

3.3

Articles of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Charter of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (f/k/a Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.), dated December 31, 2017.*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K filed January 5, 2018

4.1

Specimen certificate representing the common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (f/k/a Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form S-4 filed July 3, 2014

4.2

The right of securities holders are defined in the Charter and Bylaws provided in exhibits 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3

10.1**

Employment Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2015, by and between William Ronald DeBerry and Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (f/k/a Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed April 6, 2015

10.2**

Employment Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2015, by and among DeVan D. Ard, Jr., Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (f/k/a Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.) and Reliant Bank (f/k/a Commerce Union Bank)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K filed April 6, 2015

10.3**

Employment Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2015, by and between J. Daniel Dellinger and Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (f/k/a Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Form 8-K filed April 6, 2015


Exhibit

No.

DescriptionLocation

10.4**

Employment Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2015, by and among Mike McKeown, Reliant Bancorp, Inc. (f/k/a Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc.) and Reliant Bank (f/k/a Commerce Union Bank)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form 8-K filed April 6, 2015

10.5**

Employment Agreement, dated as of February 21, 2017, by and between Reliant Bank and Terry M. Todd

Filed herewith

10.6**

Form of Employee Incentive Stock Option Agreement

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to Form S-4 filed July 3, 2014

10.7**

Form of First Amendment to Employee Incentive Stock Option Agreement

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to Form S-4 filed July 3, 2014

10.8**

Form of Second Amendment to Employee Incentive Stock Option Agreement

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to Form S-4 filed July 3, 2014

10.9**

Form of Management Incentive Stock Option Agreement

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to Form S-4 filed July 3, 2014

10.10**

Form of First Amendment to Management Incentive Stock Option Agreement

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to Form S-4 filed July 3, 2014

10.11**

Form of Second Amendment to Management Incentive Stock Option Agreement

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to Form S-4 filed July 3, 2014

10.12**

Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to Form S-4 filed July 3, 2014

10.13

Operations Lease Agreement by and between RBC Center II, LLC and Reliant Bank, dated as of April 1, 2010

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed January 22, 2016


Exhibit

No.

DescriptionLocation

10.14

Branch Lease Agreement by and between RBC Center II, LLC and Reliant Bank, dated as of April 1, 2010

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K filed January 22, 2016

10.15

First Amendment to the Operations Lease Agreement by and between RBC Center II, LLC and Reliant Bank, dated June 1, 2011

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Form 8-K filed January 22, 2016

10.16

First Amendment to the Branch Lease Agreement by and between RBC Center II, LLC and Reliant Bank, dated June 1, 2011

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form 8-K filed January 22, 2016

10.17

Second Amendment to the Operations Lease Agreement by and between RBC Center II, GP (successor-in-interest to RBC Center II, LLC) and Reliant Bank, dated January 15, 2016

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Form 8-K filed January 22, 2016

10.18

Second Amendment to the Branch Lease Agreement by and between RBC Center II, GP (successor-in-interest to RBC Center II, LLC) and Reliant Bank, dated January 15, 2016

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Form 8-K filed January 22, 2016

10.19**

Form of Management Incentive Stock Option Agreement for grants under 2015 Equity Compensation Plan

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to Form 10-K filed March 28, 2016

10.20**

Employment Agreement, dated as of March 22, 2016, by and between Wallace E. Gammon, Jr. and Reliant Bank

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed March 22, 2016

10.21**

Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the Commerce Union Bancshares, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K filed March 22, 2016

10.22**

Employment Agreement, dated as of January 2, 2018, by and between Reliant Bank and Louis E. Holloway

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed January 5, 2018

21.1

Subsidiaries of Reliant Bancorp, Inc. and Reliant Bank

Filed herewith


Exhibit

No.

DescriptionLocation

23.1

Consent of Maggart & Associates, P.C.

Filed herewith

31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)

Filed herewith

31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)

Filed herewith

32.1

Certification of CEO and CFO pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Filed herewith

101.INS XBRL Instance Document * 

101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document * 

101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document * 

101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document * 

101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document * 

101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document * 

* Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive data files are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections. 

**Indicates compensatory plan or arrangement