mt

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the fiscal year ended February 29, 202028, 2023

OR

☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number 1-5807

ENNIS, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code) (972) (972) 775-9801

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐No☒

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐No☒

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of August 31, 20192022 was approximately $507$530 million. Shares of voting stock held by executive officers, directors and holders of more than 10% of the outstanding voting stock have been excluded from this calculation because such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. Exclusion of such shares should not be construed to indicate that any of such persons possesses the power, direct or indirect, to control the Registrant, or that any such person is controlled by or under common control with the Registrant.

The number of shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $2.50, outstanding at April 27, 2020May 9, 2023 was 26,099,594.25,853,027.

ENNIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-K

FOR THE PERIOD ENDED FEBRUARY 29, 202028, 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

All of the statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, other than historical facts, are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, the statements made in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” particularly under the caption “Overview.” As a general matter, forward-looking statements are those focused upon anticipated events or trends, expectations, and beliefs relating to matters that are not historical in nature. The words “could,” “should,” “feel,” “anticipate,” “aim,” “preliminary,” “expect,” “believe,” “estimate,” “intend,” “intent,” “plan,” “will,” “foresee,” “project,” “forecast,” or the negative thereof or variations thereon, and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements.

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” for these forward-looking statements. In order to comply with the terms of the safe harbor, Ennis, Inc. notes that forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors relating to its operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the control of Ennis, Inc. These known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those matters expressed in, anticipated by or implied by such forward-looking statements.

These statements reflect the current views and assumptions of management with respect to future events. Ennis, Inc. does not undertake, and hereby disclaims, any duty to update these forward-looking statements, even though its situation and circumstances may change in the future. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. The inclusion of any statement in this report does not constitute an admission by Ennis, Inc. or any other person that the events or circumstances described in such statement are material.

We believe these forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions. All such statements involve risks and uncertainties, and as a result, actual results could differ materially from those projected, anticipated or implied by these statements. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, including but not limited to, general economic, business and labor conditions, including the potential adverse effects of potential recessionary concerns, inflationary issues and supply chain disruptions; and the potential impact on our operations; our ability to implement our strategic initiatives and control our operational costs; dependence on a limited number of key suppliers; our ability to recover the rising cost of raw materials and other costs (including energy, freight, labor, and benefit costs) in markets that are highly price competitive and volatile; uninsured losses, including those from natural disasters, catastrophes, pandemics, theft or sabotage; the impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic or future pandemics on the U.S. and local economies, our business operations, our workforce, our supply chain and our customer base; our ability to timely or adequately respond to technological changes in the industry; cybersecurity risks; the impact of the Internetinternet and other electronic media on the demand for forms and printed materials; the impact of foreign competition, tariffs, trade regulations and import restrictions; customer credit risk; competitors’ pricing strategies; a decline in business volume and profitability could result in an impairment in our reported goodwill negatively impacting our operational results; our ability to retain key management personnel; and our ability to identify, manage or integrate acquisitions; and changes in government regulations including measures intended to minimize the impact of COVID-19.  acquisitions.

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PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Overview

Ennis, Inc. (formerly Ennis Business Forms, Inc.) (collectively with its subsidiaries, the “Company,” “Registrant,” “Ennis,” or “we,” “us,” or “our”) was organized under the laws of Texas in 1909. We and our subsidiaries print and manufacture a broad line of business forms and other business products. We distribute business products and forms throughout the United States primarily through independent distributors. This distributor channel encompasses independent print distributors, commercial printers, direct mail, fulfillment companies, payroll and accounts payable software companies, and advertising agencies, among others. We also sell products to many of our competitors to satisfy their customers’ needs.

Business Overview

Our management believes we are the largest provider of business forms, pressure-seal forms, labels, tags, envelopes, and presentation folders to independent distributors in the United States.

We are in the business of manufacturing, designing and selling business forms and other printed business products primarily to distributors located in the United States. We operate 6154 manufacturing plants throughout the United States in 2120 strategically located states as one reportable segment. Approximately 95% of the business products we manufacture are custom and semi-custom products, constructed in a wide variety of sizes, colors, number of parts and quantities on an individual job basis, depending upon the customers’ specifications.

The products we sell include snap sets, continuous forms, laser cut sheets, tags, labels, envelopes, integrated products, jumbo rolls and pressure sensitive products in short, medium and long runs under the following labels: Ennis®, Royal Business Forms®, Block Graphics®, Specialized Printed Forms®, 360º Custom LabelsSM, ColorWorx®, Enfusion®, Uncompromised Check Solutions®, VersaSeal®, Ad ConceptsSM, FormSource LimitedSM, Star Award Ribbon Company®, Witt Printing®, B&D Litho®, Genforms®, PrintGraphics®, Calibrated Forms®, PrintXcel®, Printegra®, Falcon Business Forms^SM, Forms ManufacturersSM, Mutual Graphics®, TRI-C Business FormsSM, Major Business SystemsSM, Independent PrintingSM, Hoosier Data Forms®, Hayes Graphics®, Wright Business GraphicsSM, Wright 360SM, Integrated Print & GraphicsSM, the Flesh CompanySM, Impressions DirectSM, and Ace Forms^AmeriPrintSM.; We also sell the Adams McClure® brand (which provides Point of Purchase advertising for large franchise and fast food chains as well as kitting and fulfillment)advertising); the Admore®, Folder Express®, and Independent Folders® brands (which provide presentation folders and document folders); Ennis Tag & LabelSM (which provides custom printed, high performance labels and custom and stock tags); Allen-Bailey Tag & LabelSM, Atlas Tag & Label®, Kay Toledo Tag®, and Special Service Partners® (SSP) (which provides custom and stock tags and labels); Trade Envelopes®, Block Graphics®, Wisco®, and National Imprint Corporation® (which provide custom and imprinted envelopes) and Northstar® and General Financial Supply® (which provide financial and security documents); InfosealSM and PrintXcel® (which provide custom and stock pressure seal documents).

School Photo Marketing is a one-stop shop for over 1,400 school portrait photographers and professional photo labs nationwide, providing them with a complete array of products and services that reach over 15 million families and 30,000 schools, primarily in the K-8 market. We sell predominantly through independent distributors, as well as to many of our competitors. Northstar Computer Forms, Inc., one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, also sells direct to a small number of customers, generally large banking organizations (where a distributor is not acceptable or available to the end-user). Adams McClure, LP, a wholly-owned subsidiary, also sells direct to a small number of customers, where sales are generally through advertising agencies.

The printing industry generally sells its products either predominantly to end users, a market dominated by a few large manufacturers, such as R.R. Donnelley and Sons, Staples, Inc., Standard Register Co. (a subsidiary of Taylor Corporation), and Cenveo, Inc., or, like the Company, through a variety of independent distributors and distributor groups. While it is not possible, because of the lack of adequate public statistical information, to determine the Company’s share of the total business products market, management believes the Company is the largest producer of business forms, pressure-seal forms, labels, tags, envelopes, and presentation folders in the United States distributing primarily through independent distributors.

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There are a number of competitors that operate in this segment, ranging in size from single employee-owned operations to multi-plant organizations. We believe our strategic locations and buying power permit us to compete on a favorable basis within the distributor market on competitive factors, such as service, quality, and price.

Distribution of business forms and other business products throughout the United States is primarily done through independent distributors, including business forms distributors, resellers, direct mail, commercial printers, payroll and accounts payable software companies, and advertising agencies.

Raw materials principally consist of a wide variety of weights, widths, colors, sizes, and qualities of paper for business products purchased primarily from one major supplier at favorable prices based on the volume of business.

Business products usage in the printing industry is generally not seasonal. General economic conditions and contraction of the traditional business forms industry are the predominant factors in quarterly volume fluctuations.

Recent Acquisitions

We have completed a number of acquisitions in recent years.

On July 15, 2019, weNovember 30, 2022, the Company acquired all the outstanding stock of The Flesh Company (“Flesh”assets and business from School Photo Marketing ("SPM") for approximately $9.9 million (which includes potential earn-out consideration of up to $500,000) plus the assumption of trade payables, subject to final working capital and certain other adjustments.  The earn-out consideration is capped at $500,000 and is payable over the four years following the closing if certain minimum operating income levels are achieved.  We recorded intangible assets with definite lives of approximately $1.2 million in connection with the transaction.  Flesh, together with its wholly owned subsidiary, Impressions Direct, Inc. (“Impressions Direct”), is a printing company with two locations, with the St. Louis location containing Flesh’s corporate office and the direct mail operations of Impressions Direct, and the Parsons, Kansas location containing Flesh’s main manufacturing facility and warehouse. The acquisition of Flesh,Morganville, New Jersey, which prior to the acquisition generated approximately $31.0 million in sales for its fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, expands our operations with respect to business forms, checks, direct mail services, integrated products and labels.  

On March 16, 2019, we acquired the assets of Integrated Print & Graphics (“Integrated”), which is based in South Elgin, Illinois, for $8.9 million in cash plus the assumption of trade payables, subject to certain adjustments.  Goodwill of $893,000 recognized as a part of the acquisition is deductible for tax purposes.  We also recorded intangible assets with definite lives of approximately $1.8 million in connection with the transaction.  The acquisition of Integrated, which prior to the acquisition generated approximately $20.0$5.9 million in sales for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, creates additional capabilities within our high color commercial print product line.2021. SPM provides printing, yearbook publishing and marketing related services to over 1,400 school and sports photographers servicing schools around the country.

On July 31, 2018, weJune 1, 2021, the Company acquired by way of a merger, all of the outstanding equity interests of Wright Business Forms, Inc., d/b/a Wright Business Graphics (“Wright”assets and business from AmeriPrint Corporation ("AmeriPrint"), a printing company headquartered in Portland, Oregon with additional locations in Washington and California.  As partial consideration for the acquisition, we issued an aggregate of 829,126 shares of our common stock to the stockholders of Wright, valued at approximately $16.2 million at the time of issuance under the merger agreement.  An additional $19.7 million in cash was paid to the stockholders of Wright, subject to a final working capital adjustment, and $2.6 million was paid to extinguish outstanding debt.  The goodwill recognized as a part of the transaction is not deductible for tax purposes.  Wright produces forms, pressure seal, packaging, direct mail, checks, statement processing and commercial printing and sells mainly through distributors and resellers. Wright,Harvard, Illinois, which prior to the acquisition generated approximately $58.0$6.5 million in sales for its fiscal year ended MarchDecember 31, 20182020, adding capabilities and continuesexpertise to operate under its brand names.our expanding product offering including barcoding and variable imaging.

On April 30, 2018,December 31, 2020, we acquired the assets of Allen-Bailey Tag & LabelInfoseal LLC (“ABTLInfoseal”), a tag and label operation located in New York for $4.7 million in cash plus the assumptionRoanoke, Virginia. The acquisition of trade payables, subject to a working capital adjustment.  In addition, contingent consideration of up to $500,000 is payable to the sellers if certain sales levels are maintained over the next three years.  PriorInfoseal, which prior to the acquisition ABTL generated approximately $12.0$19.2 million in sales for the twelve monthsits fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.  On July 7, 2017, we acquired the assets of a separate tag operation located in Ohio for $1.4 million in cash plus the assumption of certain accrued liabilities.  Management considers both of these acquisitions immaterial.2020, creates additional capabilities and expertise to our product offering including our existing VersaSeal pressure seal product line.

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Patents, Licenses, Franchises and Concessions

Other than the patent for our VersaSeal® product, we do not have any significant patents, licenses, franchises, or concessions.

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Intellectual Property

We market our products under a number of trademarks and trade names. The protection of our trademarks is important to our business. We believe that our registered and common law trademarks have significant value and these trademarks are important to our ability to create and sustain demand for our products. We have registered trademarks in the United States for Ennis®, EnnisOnlineSM, B&D Litho of AZ®, B&D Litho®, ACR®, Block Graphics®, Enfusion®, 360º Custom LabelsSM, Admore®, CashManagementSupply.comSM, Securestar®, Northstar®, MICRLink®, MICR ConnectionTM, Ennisstores.comTM, General Financial Supply®, Calibrated Forms®, PrintXcel^SMPrintXcel®, Printegra®, Trade Envelopes®, Witt Printing®, Genforms®, Royal Business Forms®, Crabar/GBFSM, BF&SSM, Adams McClure®, Advertising ConceptsTM, ColorWorx®, Allen-Bailey Tag & LabelSM, Atlas Tag & Label®, PrintgraphicsSM, Uncompromised Check Solutions®, VersaSeal®, VersaSeal SecureX®, Folder Express®, Wisco®, National Imprint Corporation®, Star Award Ribbon®, Kay Toledo Tag®, Falcon Business FormsSM, Forms ManufacturersSM, Mutual Graphics®, TRI-C Business FormsSM, SSP®, EOSTouchpoint®, Printersmall®, Check Guard®, Envirofolder®, Independent®, Independent Checks®, Independent Folders®, Independent Large Format Solutions®, Wright Business GraphicsSM, Wright 360SM, Integrated Print & GraphicsSM, the Flesh CompanySM, Impressions DirectSM, Ace Forms^SM, MegaformSM, Safe®, InfosealSM, and variations of these brands as well as other trademarks. We have similar trademark registrations internationally.internationally for certain trademarks.

Customers

No single customer accounts for as much as five percent of our consolidated net sales or accounts receivable.

Backlog

At February 29, 2020,28, 2023, our backlog of firm orders was approximately $21.8$46.7 million, compared to approximately $22.5$38.4 million at February 28, 2019.  Due to the impact of COVID-19 on all businesses, our backlog as of April 30, 2020 was $17.5 million.2022.

Research and Development

While we seek new products to sell through our distribution channel, there have been no material amounts spent on research and development in fiscal years 2020, 20192023, 2022 or 2018.2021.

Environment

We are subject to various federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations concerning, among other things, wastewater discharges, air emissions and solid waste disposal. Our manufacturing processes do not emit substantial foreign substances into the environment. We do not believe that our compliance with federal, state, or local statutes or regulations relating to the protection of the environment has any material effect upon capital expenditures, earnings or our competitive position. There can be no assurance, however, that future changes in federal, state, or local regulations, interpretations of existing regulations or the discovery of currently unknown problems or conditions will not require substantial additional expenditures. Similarly, the extent of our liability, if any, for past failures to comply with laws, regulations, and permits applicable to our operations cannot be determined.

EmployeesEnvironmental Stewardship

Ennis respects the environment and makes all attempts to protect our natural resources. We believe we comply with all laws and regulations regarding the use and preservation of our land, air, and water. This principle has been part of our Code of Conduct since 2005. Our goal of operating in an environmentally responsible manner aligns with our goals of operating a profitable and responsible business. For example, we recycle waste material generated in our printing processes to generate income from selling the scrap material. We recycled 23.1 million pounds of paper and 2.2 million pounds of cardboard and cores in 2023. Additionally, the use of soy based inks allows us to avoid cleaning solutions that may pose environmental hazards. We use environmentally friendly cleaning agents to insure that our waste water is not contaminated and does not require special disposal.

Many of our plants engage with local energy suppliers to ask for recommendations on lowering energy usage. Participation in these energy audits generally results in replacing old lighting with more efficient LED lighting. Additionally, newer digital technology, which we have implemented in several of our locations, relies on less energy than older web-based presses due to shorter runs and ink jet technology.

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Another aspect of our business model which reduces carbon emissions is the reduction in transportation costs for our employees, as well as our customers. Approximately 80% of our facilities are located in small towns where the employees are less than 10 miles from the plant, and travel time is minimal. Our geographical dispersion reduces the amount of transportation time and distance associated with delivering our products to our customers. Likewise we use third party transportation and logistical companies to pick up and deliver our products. Partnering with larger shipping organizations that have the scale to be more resourceful and implement more energy efficient delivery methods enables us to ship our products in an efficient and effective manner.

Our primary supplier of paper is vital to our business as they supply raw materials that are minimally altered during the production process. Our primary supplier is SFI, FSC and PEFC certified. The SFI Forest Management Standard covers key values such as protection of biodiversity, species at risk and wildlife habitat; sustainable harvest levels; protection of water quality; and prompt regeneration. FSC certification ensures that products come from responsibly-managed forests that provide environmental, social and economic benefits. PEFC cares for forests globally and locally. They work to protect our forests by promoting sustainable forest management through certification. This means that all can benefit from the many products that forests provide now, while ensuring these forests will be around for generations to come. The Company’s primary paper supplier ensures that all of their supply chain materials are sourced with similar accredited suppliers allowing for more transparency and a more trustworthy supplier commitment to quality, safety and the protection of our natural resources.

Additionally, we use material safety sheets which outline potential hazardous materials so as to minimize the use of more hazardous materials. Given the low and de minimus use of these potentially hazardous materials, our plants generally fit in the lowest category of reporting standards to various state and local environmental agencies. The Company requires facility managers to minimize the use or site storage of any hazardous chemicals. Two thirds of our facilities are categorized as Very Small Quantity Generators and one third are considered Small Quantity Generators under the Environmental Protection Agency’s (“EPA”) hazardous waste regulations. Any hazardous waste generated is stored and properly disposed of in compliance with all EPA regulations and permits.

Two of our largest facilities have solvent recovery systems which allows recovery of press plate washing solutions for re-use. These systems result in a substantial reduction of any hazardous waste. The Company ensures that we are in compliance with applicable state and federal environmental laws on hazardous materials including Proposition 65 in California and federal Conflict Minerals compliance.

Attention to choice of material suppliers, transportation partners, energy usage and avoidance of hazardous wastes that might impact waste water disposal, are part of the business model that improves or avoids damage to the environment we live and work in.

Human Capital

At February 29, 2020,28, 2023, we had 2,5051,919 employees. 242167 employees are represented by labor unions under collective bargaining agreements, which are subject to periodic negotiations. We believe we have a good working relationship with all of the unions that represent our employees.

Social Responsibility

Equal Employment Opportunity: Ennis promotes a cooperative and productive work environment by supporting the cultural and ethnic diversity of its workforce and is committed to providing equal employment opportunity to all qualified employees and applicants. Pursuant to our Code of Conduct adopted in 2005 and reviewed at least annually, we do not unlawfully discriminate on the basis of race, color, sex, sexual orientation, religion, national origin, marital status, age, disability, or veteran status in any personnel practice, including recruitment, hiring, training, promotion, and discipline. We are an Equal Opportunity Employer and we comply with all employment laws including Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Immigration and Nationality Act, and the Immigration Reform and Control Act. We take allegations of harassment and unlawful discrimination seriously and address all such concerns that are raised regarding our Code of Conduct.

Safety and Health: A safe and clean work environment is important to the well-being of all Ennis employees. Ennis complies with applicable safety and health regulations and appropriate practices. Throughout the year facilities are reviewed monthly to determine if the accidents/injuries that occurred could have been avoided. Incidents are reviewed to determine measures that can be taken to prevent reoccurrence of claims at that facility or another facility. A monthly Facility Report is sent to all facilities reminding them about safety issues and certain claims that have occurred in other locations. Annually, facilities are required to submit an audit of compliance

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with mandated OSHA safety programs. Facilities that have higher than normal claims are worked with directly or visited by a business director or a representative from our workers’ compensation carrier. Protocols and trainings are in place to protect the health and safety of all our employees. Safety audits are completed throughout the organization. The Company strictly monitors safety issues in all of our facilities, and each facility has someone in charge of review and training of employees on safety issues. Consistent with our culture of promoting workplace safety, our plants take pride in detailing the amount of time since the last safety incident and strive to maintain the lack of an occurrence.

Ennis is dedicated to ensuring that business is conducted ethically. All Ennis management must read, agree with, and sign a Code of Conduct and Ethics policy at least annually.

Each of our locations support local non-profit organizations, educational institutions and youth sport teams based on their local community needs. The majority of our locations are located in suburban or rural communities where the plant is a major employer and supporter of the local economy. Some examples include Midlothian Educational Foundation (Ennis is a founding member), Project Graduation, Toys for Tots, Angel Trees, United Way fundraisers, and youth sport team sponsorships. Additional support includes in-kind donations, volunteer hours and financial support for various local organizations.

Available Information

Our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 are

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available free of charge under the Investors Relations page on our website, www.ennis.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Information on our website is not included as a part of, or incorporated by reference into, this report. Our SEC filings are also available through the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov.www.sec.gov.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks described below, as well as the other information included or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, before making an investment in our common stock. The risks described below are not the only ones we face in our business. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also impair our business operations. If any of the following risks occur, our business, financial condition or operating results could be materially harmed. In such an event, our common stock could decline in price and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Our business may be adversely affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

       In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China, and by early 2020, the virus had spreadRisks related to other countries, including the United States.  The COVID-19 pandemic is a significant threat to the health and economic wellbeing affecting our customers, suppliers and workforce.  Federal, state and local authorities have recommended social distancing and have imposed, or are considering, quarantine and isolation measures on large portions of the population, including mandatory closures of businesses deemed “non-essential” in certain jurisdictions.  As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our plants are deemed “essential,” largely due to our business’s support of many important sectors of the economy, including healthcare, government, food and beverage and banking, and thus most of our plants are currently operating at close-to-normal utilization levels.  As the virus continues to evolve, however, authorities could take new steps to control the outbreak, which could result in the determination that our plants are no longer “essential” and therefore must close, among other outcomes.  Even if our plants are not forced to close by government regulation, the virus, in addition to prolonged stay-at-home orders or other related regulations, could depress consumer demand or disrupt our supply chain.  Depending on these developments and others, we may deem it necessary to close plants, furlough or lay off employees or take other cost-cutting measures.

The extent of the impact of COVID-19 on our business and financial results will depend on future developments, including the duration and spread of the outbreak within the markets in which we operate, the related impact on our customers and suppliers and the possibility of an economic recession after the virus has subsided, all of which are highly uncertain and ever-changing.  Any of these factors could materially increase our costs, negatively impact our sales and damage our results of operations and liquidity.  The severity and duration of any such impacts, including after the virus has subsided, cannot be predicted.

Our results and financial condition are affected by global and local market conditions, and competitors’ pricing strategies, which can adversely affect our sales, margins, and net income.

Our results of operations can be affected by local, national and worldwide market conditions. The consequences of domestic and international economic uncertainty or instability, volatility in commodity markets, and domestic or international policy uncertainty, all of which we have seen in the past, can all impact economic activity. Unfavorable conditions can depress the demand for our products and thus sales in a given market and may prompt competitor’s pricing strategies that adversely affect our margins or constrain our operating flexibility. Certain macroeconomic events, such as the past crisiscrises in the financial markets, could have a more wide-ranging and prolonged impact on the general business environment, which could also adversely affect us. In particular, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted local, national and worldwide economies, and introduced extreme market volatility and, depending on severity and duration, may potentially trigger a prolonged nationwide or global recession.volatility. Whether we can manage these risks effectively depends on several factors, including (i) our ability to manage movements in commodity prices and the impact of government actions to manage national economic conditions such as consumer spending, inflation rates and unemployment levels, particularly given the past volatility in the global financial markets, (ii) the impact on our margins of labor costs given our labor-intensive business model, the trend toward higher wages in both mature and developing markets and the potential impact of union organizing efforts on day-to-day operations of our manufacturing facilities and (iii) other factors, which may be beyond our control.

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Digital technologies will continue to erode the demand for our printed business documents.

The termsincreasing sophistication of software, internet technologies, and conditionsdigital equipment combined with our customers’ general preference, as well as governmental influences for paperless business environments will continue to reduce the number of traditional printed documents sold. Moreover, the documents that will continue to coexist with software applications will likely contain less value-added print content.

Many of our credit facility impose certain restrictionscustom-printed documents help companies control their internal business processes and facilitate the flow of information. These applications will increasingly be conducted over the internet or through other electronic payment systems. The predominant method of our customers’ communication to their customers is by printed information. As their customers become more accepting of internet communications, our clients may increasingly opt for what is perceived to be a less costly electronic option, which would reduce our revenue. The pace of these trends is difficult to predict. These factors will tend to reduce the industry-wide demand for printed documents and require us to gain market share to maintain or increase our current level of print-based revenue which could place pressure on our operations.  operating margins.

In response to the gradual obsolescence of our standardized forms business, we continue to develop our capability to provide custom and full-color products. If new printing capabilities and new product introductions do not continue to offset the obsolescence of our standardized business forms products, and we are unable to increase our market share, our sales and profits will be affected. Decreases in sales of our standardized business forms and products due to obsolescence could also reduce our gross margins or impact the value of our recorded goodwill and intangible assets. This reduction could in turn adversely impact our profits, unless we are able to offset the reduction through the introduction of new high margin products and services or realize cost savings in other areas.

We obtain our raw materials from a limited number of suppliers, and any disruption in our relationships with these suppliers, or any substantial increase in the price of raw materials or material shortages could have a material adverse effect on us.

We currently purchase the majority of our paper products from one major supplier at favorable costs based on the volume of business, and traditionally we have purchased our paper products from a limited number of suppliers, all of which must meet stringent quality and on-time delivery standards under long-term contracts. Fluctuations in the quality of our paper, unexpected price changes or other factors that relate to our suppliers could have a material adverse effect on our operating results. In particular, the COVID-19 pandemic made it more expensive or more difficult to source raw materials for our products, whether from our existing suppliers or new suppliers. Paper supply and other raw materials were limited, and due to tight demand and supply there was a significant amount of upward pressure on prices.

Paper is a commodity that is subject to frequent increases or decreases in price, and these fluctuations are sometimes significant. The prices for paper and many of our raw materials have been volatile and may continue to increase due to overall inflationary pressure and global market conditions. We believe there is no effective market of derivative instruments to insulate us against unexpected changes in price of paper in a cost-effective manner, and negotiated purchase contracts provide only limited protection against price increases. Generally, when paper prices increase, we attempt to recover the higher costs by raising the prices of our products to our customers. In the price-competitive marketplaces in which we operate, however, we may not always be able to raise additional capital, if needed, for proposed expansion projects.

The terms and conditionspass through any or all of our credit facility impose certain restrictionsthe higher costs. As such, any significant increase in the price of paper or shortage in its availability could have a material adverse effect on our ability to incur additional debt, make capital expenditures, acquisitions and asset dispositions, as well as impose other customary covenants, such as requiring that our fixed charge coverage ratio not be less than 1.25:1.00 and our total leverage ratio not exceed 3.00:1:00.  Our ability to comply with the covenants may be affected by events beyond our control, such as distressed and volatile financial and/or consumer markets, including due to the impactresults of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.  A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under our credit facility.  In the event of a default, the bank could elect to declare the outstanding principal amount of our credit facility, all interest thereon, and all other amounts payable under our credit facility to be immediately due and payable.  As of February 29, 2020, we were in compliance with all terms and conditions of our credit facility, which matures on November 11, 2021.operations.

Challenging financial market conditions and continued declinechanges in long-term interest rates could adversely impact the funded status of our pension plan.

We maintain a noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan (the “Pension Plan”) covering approximately 16%13% of our employees. As of February 28, 2023, the Pension Plan was 99% funded on a projected benefit obligation (PBO) basis and 105% on an accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) basis. Included in our financial results are Pension Plan costs that are measured using actuarial valuations. The actuarial assumptions used may differ from actual results. In addition, as our Pension Plan assets are invested in marketable securities, severe fluctuations in market values could potentiallycan negatively impact our funded status, recorded pension liability, and future required minimum contribution levels. A decline in long-term debt interest rates puts downward pressure on the discount rate used by plan sponsors to determine their pension liabilities. Each 10 basis point change in the discount rate impacts our computed pension liability by about $930,000.

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approximately $525,000. Similar to fluctuations in market values, a drop in the discount rate could potentiallycan negatively impact our funded status, recorded pension liability and future contribution levels. Also, continued changes in the mortality tables could potentiallyassumptions can impact our funded status. AsAdditionally, as we experienced in recent months, the number of February 29, 2020,retirees taking lump sum distributions could be sufficiently high as to cause a settlement charge, which would impact current earnings of the Pension Plan was 87.2% funded on a projected benefit obligation (PBO) basis and 95.7% on an accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) basis.Plan.

We may be unable to identify or to complete acquisitions or to successfully integrate the businesses we acquire.

We have evaluated, and may continue to evaluate, potential acquisition transactions. We attempt to address the potential risks inherent in assessing the attractiveness of acquisition candidates, as well as other challenges such as retaining the employees and integrating the operations of the businesses we acquire. Integrating acquired operations involves significant risks and uncertainties, including maintenance of uniform standards, controls, policies and procedures; diversion of management’s attention from normal business operations during the integration process; unplanned expenses associated with integration efforts; and unidentified issues not discovered in due diligence, including legal contingencies. Due to these risks and others, there can be no guarantee that the businesses we acquire will lead to the cost savings or increases in net sales that we expect or desire. Additionally, there can be no assurance that suitable acquisition opportunities will be available in the future, which could harm our strategic business plan as acquisitions are part of our strategy to offset normal print attrition.

We may be required to write down goodwill and other intangible assets, which could cause our financial condition and results of operations to be negatively affected in the future.

When we acquire a business, a portion of the purchase price may be allocated to goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets.  The amount of the purchase price which is allocated to goodwill and other intangible assets is the excess of the purchase price over the net identifiable tangible assets acquired.  The annual impairment test is based on several factors requiring judgment.  An impairment may be caused by any number of factors outside our control, such as a decline in market conditions, including due to the COVID-19 pandemic, another pandemic or some other event, protracted recovery from poor market conditions, or other factors that may be tied to such negative economic events, including changes to a competitor’s pricing strategies.  To date, we have not been required to take an impairment charge relating to our existing business, but continued sale-side pressures due to technology transference, competitor pricing pressures, and economic uncertainties could result in a determination that a portion of the recorded value of goodwill and intangible assets may be required to be written down. Although such a charge impairment charge relating to our existing business, but continued sale-side pressures due to technology would be a noncash expense, it would impact our reported operating results and financial position. The Company has mitigated some of this risk by changing from indefinite lives to definite lives accounting for all intangibles assets.

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Under definite lives accounting, the value of intangible assets is gradually amortized over time, instead of being left on the Company’s books in full and only being written down when an impairment event is deemed to have occurred.  At February 29, 2020, our consolidated goodwill and other intangible assets were approximately $82.5 million and $56.6 million, respectively.

Digital technologies will continue to erode the demand for our printed business documents.

The increasing sophistication of software, internet technologies, and digital equipment combined with our customers’ general preference, as well as governmental influences for paperless business environments will continue to reduce the number of traditional printed documents sold.  Moreover, the documents that will continue to coexist with software applications will likely contain less value-added print content.

Many of our custom-printed documents help companies control their internal business processes and facilitate the flow of information.  These applications will increasingly be conducted over the internet or through other electronic payment systems.  The predominant method of our customers’ communication to their customers is by printed information.  As their customers become more accepting of internet communications, our clients may increasingly opt for what is perceived to be less costly electronic option, which would reduce our revenue.  The pace of these trends is difficult to predict.  These factors will tend to reduce the industry-wide demand for printed documents and require us to gain market share to maintain or increase our current level of print-based revenue which could place pressure on our operating margins.  

In response to the gradual obsolescence of our standardized forms business, we continue to develop our capability to provide custom and full-color products. If new printing capabilities and new product introductions do not continue to offset the obsolescence of our standardized business forms products, and we are unable to increase our market share, our sales and profits will be affected.  Decreases in sales of our standardized business forms and products due to obsolescence could also reduce our gross margins or impact the value of our recorded goodwill and intangible assets. This reduction could in turn adversely impact our profits, unless we are able to offset the reduction through the introduction of new high margin products and services or realize cost savings in other areas.

Our distributor customers may be acquired by other manufacturers who redirect business within their plants.

Some of our customers are being absorbed by the distribution channels of some of our manufacturing competitors. However, we do not believe this will significantly impact our business model. We have continued to sell to some of these customers even after they were absorbed by our competition because of the breadth of our product line and our geographic diversity.

Our distributors face increased competition from various sources, such asoffice supply superstores. Increased competition may require us to reduceprices or to offer other incentives in order to enable our distributors toattract new customers and retain existing customers.

Low price, high value office supply chain stores offer standardized business forms, checks and related products. Because of their size, these superstores have the buying power to offer many of these products at competitive prices. These superstores also offer the convenience of “one-stop” shopping for a broad array of office supplies that our distributors do not offer. In addition, superstores have the financial strength to reduce prices or increase promotional discounts to expand market share. This could result in us reducing our prices or offering incentives in order to enable our distributors to attract new customers and retain existing customers, which could reduce our profits.

Technological improvements may reduce our competitive advantage over some of our competitors, which could reduce our profits.

Improvements in the cost and quality of digital print technology is enabling some of our competitors to gain access to products of complex design and functionality at competitive costs. Increased competition from these competitors could force us to reduce our prices in order to attract and retain customers, which could reduce our profits.

We could experience labor disputes, labor shortages and increases in cost of labor that could disrupt our business in the future.future and impact operating results.

As of February 29, 2020,28, 2023, approximately 10%8% of our employees are represented by labor unions under collective bargaining agreements, which are subject to periodic negotiations. While we believe we have a good working

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relationship with all of the unions, there can be no assurance that any future labor negotiations will prove successful, which may result in a significant increase in the cost of labor, or may break down and result in the disruption of our business or operations.

We obtain our raw materials from a limited number of suppliers, and any disruption in our relationships with these suppliers, or any substantial increase in the price of raw materials or material shortages could have a material adverse effect on us.

We currently purchase the majority of our paper products from one major supplier at favorable costs based on the volume of business, and traditionally we have purchased our paper products from a limited number of suppliers, all of which must meet stringent quality and on-time delivery standards under long-term contracts.  Fluctuations in the quality of our paper, unexpected price changes or other factors that relate to our suppliers could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.  In particular, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may make it more expensive or more difficult to source raw materials for our products, whether from our existing suppliers or new suppliers, and these challenges could negatively impact the cost or availability of our raw materials.

Paper is a commodity that is subject to frequent increases or decreases in price, and these fluctuations are sometimes significant.  Domestic paper prices have increased and decreased in recent years due to global market conditions.  There is no effective market of derivative instruments to insulate us against unexpected changes in price of paper in a cost-effective manner, and negotiated purchase contracts provide only limited protection against price increases.  Generally, when paper prices increase, we attempt to recover the higher costsConditions caused by raising the prices of our products to our customers.  In the price-competitive marketplaces in which we operate, however, we may not always be able to pass through any or all of the higher costs.  As such, any significant increase in the price of paper or shortage in its availability, whether due to the COVID-19 pandemic and other economic factors have contributed to tightening and increased competitiveness in the strength of the U.S. dollar, changes in mill ownership or other factors,labor market, increasing labor costs. A prolonged labor shortage could have a material adverse effect onpotentially adversely affect our results of operations.business operations and further increase labor costs.

We face intense competition to gain market share, which may lead somecompetitors to sell substantial amounts of goods at prices against which wecannot profitably compete.

Our marketing strategy is to differentiate ourselves by providing quality service and quality products to our customers. Even if this strategy is successful, the results may be offset by reductions in demand or price declines due to competitors’ pricing strategies or other micro or macro-economic factors. We face the risk of our competition following a strategy of selling its products at or below cost in order to cover some amount of fixed costs, especially in stressed economic times.

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Environmental regulations may impact our future operating results.

We are subject to extensive and changing federal, state and foreign laws and regulations establishing health and environmental quality standards, concerning, among other things, wastewater discharges, air emissions and solid waste disposal, and may be subject to liability or penalties for violations of those standards. We are also subject to laws and regulations governing remediation of contamination at facilities currently or formerly owned or operated by us or to which we have sent hazardous substances or wastes for treatment, recycling or disposal. We may be subject to future liabilities or obligations as a result of new or more stringent interpretations of existing laws and regulations. In addition, we may have liabilities or obligations in the future if we discover any environmental contamination or liability at any of our facilities, or at facilities we may acquire.

We are subject to taxation related risks.

TaxWe are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax of multiple state jurisdictions. Applicable tax rates and the jurisdictions within which we operate can vary and therefore our effective tax rate may be adversely affected by changes in the mix of our earnings by jurisdiction. We may be subject to audits of our income, sales and other transaction taxes by U.S. federal and state authorities. Outcomes from these audits could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Income, sales or other tax laws are dynamic and subject to change as new laws are passed and new interpretations of the law are applied. OnMost recently, on August 16, 2022, legislation commonly known as the Inflation Reduction Act (the "IRA") was signed into law. Among other things, the IRA includes a 1% excise tax on corporate stock repurchases, applicable to repurchases after December 31, 2022, and also a new minimum tax based on book income. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted on December 22, 2017 the U.S. government enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "TaxAct"). The TaxAct includes significantresulted in changes to the U.S. corporate income tax system including, among other things, ain our federal corporate tax rate, reduction from 35% to 21%;our deferred income taxes and limitations on the deductibility of interest expense and executive compensation and the transition of U.S. international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a modified territorial tax system. In the future, weThere may be subject to increased taxes under the Tax Act, including due to the aforementioned limitations on deductions.  Also, we may be required to make material adjustments to provisional items recorded.  There can be no assurance that U.S. tax laws, including the corporate income tax rate, which the Tax Act lowered to 21%, would not undergo additional changes in the future.  The final impacttax legislation, including a repeal or modification of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on

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the Company may differ from the estimates previously reported, possibly materially, due to such factors asof 2017, changes in tax rates and tax base such as limiting, phasing-out or eliminating deductions, revising tax law interpretations in jurisdictions, and assumptions made, additional guidance that may be issued, and actions taken bychanges in other tax laws. The U.S. government has proposed changes to increase the Company as a result of the Tax Act, among other factors.  tax rates on corporations. All of these factors and uncertainties may adversely affect our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

We are exposed to the risk of non-payment by our customers on a significant amount of our sales.

Our extension of credit involves considerable judgment and is based on an evaluation of each customer’s financial condition and payment history. We monitor our credit risk exposure by periodically obtaining credit reports and updated financials on our customers. We generally see a heightened amount of bankruptcies by our customers during economic downturns. In particular, the COVID-19 pandemic, and its impact on our customers, could have a negative impact on our collection efforts. While we maintain an allowance for doubtful receivables for potential credit losses based upon our historical trends and other available information, in times of economic turmoil, there is heightened risk that our historical indicators may prove to be inaccurate. The inability to collect on sales to significant customers or a group of customers could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our business incurs significant freight and transportation costs.

We incur transportation expenses to ship our products to our customers. Significant increases in the costs of freight and transportation could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, as there can be no assurance that we could pass on these increased costs to our customers. Government regulations can and hashave impacted the availability of drivers, which will be a significant challenge to the transportation industry. Costs to employ drivers have increased and transportation shortages have become more prevalent. Additionally, the challenge of employing new drivers for the increasingly larger web-based economy could create shortages in trucks and drivers which could impact our sales. During fiscal year 2023, we experienced significantly higher freight and transportation costs as a result of overall inflationary pressures, and transportation and logistics constraints resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

We depend upon11

A natural disaster, catastrophe, pandemic or other unexpected events could adversely affect our operations.

The occurrence of one or more unexpected events, including war, acts of terrorism or violence, civil unrest, epidemics or pandemics, fires, tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquakes, floods and other forms of severe weather in the talentsUnited States could adversely affect our operations and contributionsfinancial performance. Although we maintain third party insurance against various liability risks and risks of property loss for items we believe are economically reasonable to insure, we could incur uninsured losses and liabilities arising from such events which would adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had and may continue to have adverse effects on our results of operations, financial condition and stock price.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a limited numbersignificant downturn in global economic activity and subsequently caused significant market volatility and operational challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures taken by many countries in response have adversely affected and could in the future have a material adverse effect on our business, results of individuals, many of whom would be difficultoperations, financial condition and stock price. Our sales were significantly impacted by economic conditions driven by the COVID-19 pandemic and resulted in a decrease in sales volume and earnings in fiscal year 2021. While the demand for our products appears to replace.

The loss or interruptionhave recovered in 2022 and 2023, economic uncertainties could continue to affect customer demand for our products and services, and the longer term effects of the services of our Chief Executive Officer, Executive Vice President or Chief Financial Officerpandemic, including supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures are unknown and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Although we maintain employment agreements with these individuals, it cannot be assured that the services of such individuals will continue.

If our internal controls are found to be ineffective, our financial results or our stock price could be adversely affected.

We believe that we currently have adequate internal control procedures in place.  However, increased risk of internal control breakdowns generally exists in a business environment that is decentralized.  In addition, if our internal control over financial reporting is found to be ineffective, investors may lose confidence in the reliability of our financial statements, which may adversely affect our stock price.

Our services depend on the reliability of computer systems weour IT and our vendors maintain.network infrastructure as well as those of third parties. If these systems fail, our operations may be adversely affected.

We depend on information technology and data processing systems to operate our business, and a significant malfunction or disruption in the operation of our systems may disrupt our business and adversely affect our ability to operate and compete in the markets we serve. This could take various forms, including through the injection of ransomware on our IT infrastructure rendering it inoperable without the payment of some form of cyber currency. These systems include systems that we own and operate, as well as systems of our vendors.vendors or other third parties. Such systems are susceptible to ransomware attacks, malfunctions, interruptions and interruptions.phishing scams, for example. We also periodically upgrade and install new systems, which if installed or programmed incorrectly, may cause significant disruptions. TheThese disruptions could interrupt our operations and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

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We may suffer a data breach of sensitive information, which may result in significant costsIncreasing global cybersecurity attacks and regulatory focus on privacy and security issues could impact our business, expose us to investigateincreased liability, subject us to lawsuits, investigations and remediate the breach, litigation expensesother liabilities and government enforcement actions and penalties, all of which could have an adverse effectrestrictions on our operations that could significantly and reputation.adversely affect our business.

It is critically important for us to maintainAlong with our own data and information in the confidentiality, integrity and availabilitynormal course of our systems, softwarebusiness, we and solutions.our customers and partners collect and retain significant volumes of certain types of data, some of which are subject to specific laws and regulations. Complying with varying jurisdictional requirements is becoming increasingly complex and could increase the costs and difficulty of compliance, and violations of applicable data protection laws. Many of our clients provide us with information they consider confidential or sensitive, and many of our client’s industries have established standards for safeguarding the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information relating to their businesses and customers. Confidential and sensitive informationData stored in our systems or available through web portals areis susceptible to cybercrime or intentional disruption, which generally have increased globally across all industries in terms of sophistication and frequency. Disclosure of confidential informationdata maintained on our systems or available through web portals due to human error,network, a security breach of our systems through cybercrime, a leak of confidential information due to employee misconduct or other similar events may damage our reputation, subject us to regulatory enforcement action, third party litigation and cause significant reputational or financial harm for our clients.clients and partners. Any of these outcomes may adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

As previously disclosed, the Company was targeted with an encryption ransomware attack on November 30, 2022. The attack was discovered while it was in process and immediate action was taken to isolate our network to limit the scope of any damage. The attack resulted in a brief disruption to the operation of our systems as we took our servers offline to eradicate the ransomware and restore our data and applications from secure backups. The Company did not

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communicate with the ransomware threat actor and never considered paying any ransom demand. Instead, the Company eliminated the ransomware and immediately proceeded to restore its critical files and functions. The Company incurred no material expense in connection with the ransomware attack. Based on the information currently known to date, the incident has not had a significant financial impact and the Company does not believe the incident will have a material impact on its business, results of operations or financial condition. Despite us improving our Information Technology General Controls, we cannot give any assurances that the Company will not become the subject of a future more sophisticated, or more harmful attack.

Increases in the cost of employee benefits could impact our financial results and cash flow.

Our expenses relating to employee health benefits are significant. Unfavorable changes in the cost of such benefits could impact our financial results and cash flow. Healthcare costs have risen significantly in recent years, and recent legislative and private sector initiatives regarding healthcare reform could result in significant changes to the U.S. healthcare system. Additionally, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may result in temporary or permanent healthcare reform measures, would could result in significant cost increases and other negative impacts to our business. While the Company has various cost controlscontrol measures in place and employs an outside oversight review on larger claims, employee health benefits have been and are expected to continue to be a significant cost to the Company.  At the beginning of the 2017 calendar year, the Company made significant changes to its medical reimbursement program to address unexpected cost increases.  Even with these remedial measures, which have been successful thus far, medical costs will continue to be a significant expense to the Companyus and may increase due to factors outside the Company’s control.

Risks related to our securities

Because of the volatility in the stock market in general, the market price of our Common Stock will also likely be volatile.

The stock markets have historically experienced price and volume fluctuations that at times have been extreme and have affected, and continue to affect, the market prices of equity securities of many companies. These fluctuations have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. Broad market and industry fluctuations, as well as general economic, political, regulatory and market conditions, may negatively impact the market price of our common stock. If the market price of our Class A common stock falls below your investment price, you may lose some or all of your investment. In the past, companies that have experienced volatility in the marker price of their securities have been subject to securities class action litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the future, which could result in substantial costs and divert our management's attention.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

There are no unresolved SEC staff comments.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Our corporate headquarters are located in Midlothian, Texas, and we operate manufacturing facilities throughout the United States. See the table below for additional information regarding our locations.

All of our properties are used for the production, warehousing and shipping of business products, including the following: business forms, flexographic printing, and advertising specialties and Post-it^® Notes (Wolfe City, Texas); presentation products (Macomb, Michigan; De Pere, Wisconsin and Columbus, Kansas); printed and electronic promotional media (Denver, Colorado); envelopes (Portland, Oregon; Columbus, Kansas; Tullahoma, Tennessee and Claysburg, Pennsylvania); financial forms (Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota; Nevada, Iowa and Bridgewater, Virginia); and pressure seal products (Visalia, California; Chino, CaliforniaCalifornia; Roanoke, Virginia and Clarksville, Tennessee).

Our plants are operated at production levels required to meet our forecasted customer demands. Production levels fluctuate with market demands and depend upon the product mix at any given point in time. Equipment is added as existing machinery becomes obsolete or not repairable, and as new equipment becomes necessary to meet market

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demands; however, at any given time, these additions and replacements are not considered to be material additions to property, plant and equipment, although such additions or replacements may increase a plant’s efficiency or capacity.

All of our facilities are believed to be in good condition. We do not anticipate that substantial expansion, refurbishing, or re-equipping of our facilities will be required in the near future.

All of our rented property is held under leases with original terms of one or more years, expiring at various times through February 2027.  Presently,August 2028. Generally, we believe we will beare able to maintain or renew leases as they expire without significant difficulty.difficulty, but leases in certain markets may be subject to significant rent increases that necessitate consolidating operations to maintain profitability.

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* 22,000 square feet of Ennis, Texas location leased

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time we are involved in various litigation matters arising in the ordinary course of our business. We do not believe the disposition of any current matter will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In April 2023, Crabar/GBF, Inc., a subsidiary of Ennis, was awarded $5.0 million in actual and punitive damages in a case against Wright Printing Company, its owner Mark Wright, and CEO Mardra Sikora. The impact of the Judgment has not been reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of February 28, 2023.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDERMATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the trading symbol “EBF”. The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices, the common stock trading volume as reported by the NYSE and dividends per share paid by the Company for the periods indicated:

On April 27, 2020,May 9, 2023, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the NYSE was $17.82,$19.44, and there were approximately 718655 shareholders of record.

Cash dividends may be paid, or repurchases of our common stock may be made, from time to time as our Board of Directors (“Board”) deems appropriate, after considering our growth rate, operating results, financial condition, cash requirements, restrictive lending covenants, and such other factors as the Board may deem appropriate.

A dividend of $0.225 per share of our common stock was paid in each quarter of fiscal year 2020.  A dividend of $0.20 per share was paid2021 and in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, and a2022. A dividend of $0.225$0.25 per share of our common stock was paid in each subsequent quarter of fiscal year 2019.2022 and in each quarter of fiscal year 2023.

Dividends are declared at the discretion of the Board and future dividends will depend on our future earnings, cash flow, financial requirements and other factors. The Board does view the dividend as an important aspect of owning Ennis stock and continues to rank it high in priority in allocating the Company's earnings.

Our Board has authorized the repurchase of the Company’s outstanding common stock through a stock repurchase program, which authorized amount is currently up to $40.0 million in the aggregate. Under the repurchase program, purchases may be made from time to time in the open market or through privately-negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions, share price, trading volume and other factors. Repurchases may be commenced or suspended at any time or from time to time without prior notice, provided that any purchases must be made in accordance with applicable insider trading rules and securities laws and regulations. Since the program’s inception in October 2008,

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we have repurchased 1,816,3542,213,111 common shares under the program at an average price of $15.91$16.25 per share. During our fiscal year 2020,2023, we repurchased 126,33064,082 shares of common stock at an average price of $19.56$17.46 per share. As of February 29, 2020, $11.128, 2023, $23.9 million remained available to repurchase shares of common stock under the program.  No additional shares of common stock were repurchased under the program in the three months ended February 29, 2020.

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Stock Performance Graph

The graph below matches ourEnnis, Inc.'s cumulative 5-year5-Year total shareholder return on common stock with the cumulative total returns of the S&P 500 Indexindex and the Russell 2000 Index.index. The graph tracks the performance of a $100 investment in our common stock and in each of the indexesindex (with the reinvestment of all dividends) from February 28, 20152/28/2018 to February 29, 2020.2/28/2023.

The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA[Reserved]

The following tables set forth key operating metrics as of and for the periods indicated and have been derived from our audited historical consolidated financial statements for the five years ended February 29, 2020.  Our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto as of February 29, 2020, February 28, 2019, and for the three years in the period ended February 29, 2020, and the reports of Grant Thornton LLP are included in Item 15 of this Report. The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Item 15 of this Report.Not applicable.

(1) Fiscal year 2018 included a special one-time cash dividend of $0.10 per share of common stock in response to the signing of the Tax Act.  Fiscal year 2017 included a special one-time cash dividend of $1.50 per share of common stock as a result of the Company’s sale of its apparel business, consisting of Alstyle Apparel, LLC and its subsidiaries, in May 2016.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OFOF FINANCIAL CONDITION ANDRESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis provides material historical and prospective disclosures intended to enable investors and other users to assess our financial condition and results of operations. Statements that are not historical are forward-looking and involve risk and uncertainties, including those discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and elsewhere in this Report. You should read this discussion and analysis in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this Report. The words “anticipate,” “preliminary,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. We believe these forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions. All such statements involve risks and uncertainties, and as a result, actual results could differ materially from those projected, anticipated, or implied by these statements.

In view of such uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements since such statements may prove to be inaccurate and speak only as of the date when made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis covers the continuing operations of the Company, which are comprised of the production and sale of business forms and other business products, and excludes the discontinued operations of the Company, consisting of Alstyle Apparel, LLC and its subsidiaries (the “Apparel Segment”), which the Company sold in May 2016.products. This Management’s Discussion and Analysis includes the following sections:

References to 2020, 20192023, 2022 and 20182021 refer to the fiscal years ended February 29, 2020,28, 2023, February 28, 20192022 and February 28, 2018,2021, respectively.

Overview

The Company – Our management believes we are the largest provider of business forms, pressure-seal forms, labels, tags, envelopes, and presentation folders to independent distributors in the United States.

Our Business Challenges – Our industry is currently experiencing consolidation of traditional supply channels, product obsolescence, paper supplier capacity adjustments, and increased pricing and potential supply allocations due to demand/supply curve imbalance. Technology advances have made electronic distribution of documents, internet hosting, digital printing and print-on-demand valid, cost-effective alternatives to traditional custom-printed documents and customer communications. Improved equipment has become more accessible to our competitors due to the continued low interest rate environment.competitors. We face highly competitive conditions throughout our supply chain in an already over-supplied, price-competitive print industry. In

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addition to the risk factors discussed under the

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caption “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report, some of the key challenges of our business include the following:

COVID-19 Pandemic – In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China, and by early 2020, the virus had spread to other countries, including the United States.  This pandemic hasOur sales were significantly impacted health andby economic conditions throughout the United States and the world, including the markets in which we operate.

In response to COVID-19, federal, state and local authorities have recommended social distancing and have imposed, or are considering, quarantine and isolation measures on large portions of the population, including mandatory closures of businesses deemed “non-essential” in certain jurisdictions.  As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our plants are deemed “essential,” largely due to our business’s support of many important sectors of the economy, including healthcare, government, food and beverage and banking, and thus most of our plants are currently operating at close-to-normal utilization levels.  With respect to our plants that are underutilized, we have made reductions in staffing levels as we deem appropriate, and we will continue to monitor the situation.

To date, the COVID-19 pandemic has not impacted, and we do not expect it to materially impact, the supply chain for products we sell.  Most of our products are sourced domestically from suppliers deemed “essential,” and therefore in operation, and we have been able to switch from impacted suppliers to non-impacted suppliers in several instances since the outbreak.  However, if one or more of our major suppliers are negatively impacteddriven by the COVID-19 pandemic through plant closures, deteriorating financial condition, or otherwise, it would adversely affectand resulted in a decrease in sales volume and earnings in fiscal year 2021. The demand for our operational resultsproducts strengthened in fiscal year 2022 and financial condition.

Currently, we do not expectfiscal year 2023, and our sales increased. We were also confronted with rising raw material and logistics costs, delayed delivery times and labor shortages. Despite these challenges, our disciplined cost management and pricing strategies contributed to our improved performance in fiscal year 2022 and 2023. While the COVID-19markets appear to have recovered from the more direct negative impacts of the pandemic, tothe longer term effects of the pandemic, including supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures, are unknown and could have a material impactadverse effect on our liquidity.  Asbusiness, results of February 29, 2020, we had over $68.0 million in cashoperations and over $99.5 million available under our revolving credit facility, the maturity date of which was recently extended to November 11, 2021.  However, the ultimate impact of COVID-19 is difficult to predict, including due to factors discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.financial results.

Transformation of our portfolio of products –While traditional business documents are essential in order to conduct business, many are being replaced through the use of cheaper paper grades or imported paper, or devalued with advances in digital technologies, causing steady declines in demand for a portion of our current product line. In addition, the impact of COVID-19 on the speed of this transformation is unknown, but it is expected to accelerate the decline for some of our products. Transforming our product offerings in order to continue to provide innovative, valuable solutions through lower labor and fixed charges to our customers on a proactive basis will require us to make investments in new and existing technology and to develop key strategic business relationships, such as print-on-demand services and product offerings that assist customers in their transition to digital business environments. In addition, we will continue to look for new market opportunities and niches through acquisitions, such as the addition of our envelope offerings, tag offerings, folder offerings, healthcare wristbands, specialty packaging, direct mail, pressure seal products, secure document solutions, innovative in-mold label offerings and long-run integrated products with high color web printing, which provide us with an opportunity for growth and differentiate us from our competition. The ability to make investments in new and existing technology and/or to acquire new market opportunities through acquisitions is dependent on the Company’s liquidity and operational results.

Production capacity and price competition within our industry – Changes in the value of the U.S. dollar can have a significant impact on the pricing and supply of paper. The weakening of the U.S. dollar during the latter portion of fiscal year 2018 and first half of fiscal year 2019 resultedwill usually result in the dissipation of theany pricing advantage that foreign imports had heldhave over domestic suppliers, which typically results in turn led to lower volumeslevels of imported paperpapers and an increase in domestic exports in fiscal year 2019.  These factors giveexports. With increased pricing power, domestic paper producers more pricing power since they can better control the supply of paper by eliminating capacity or changing the products produced on their large paper machines. Also during fiscal year 2019, significant production capacity left the market, whether planned, for example due to the adoption of alternative paper products, or unplanned, for example due to bankruptcy.  Consequently, even with shrinking demand, a supply/demand imbalance resulted during the latter part of fiscal year 2019, with most mills running in excess of 90% of capacity across all grades.  Given these levels, consistent with historical practice, suppliers raised prices multiple times during the latter part of fiscal year 2019 and into the early part of fiscal year 2020.  These price increases occurred across all stages of the manufacturing process, from raw materials to supplies.  Additionally, some paper grades during fiscal year 2019 were placed on allocation given the tight supply environment. Given our long-term relationship with our major paper supplier, our financial strength and our size, we were able to avoid material disruptions to our supply chain during fiscal year 2019.

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For fiscal year 2020, with theThe strengthening of the U.S. dollar imports began to flow back intousually has the opposite effect: more cheap imported paper; less domestic marketplace.  This development, along with continued slowingexports; and lower pricing power in the hands of domestic paper producers. Domestic paper suppliers typically seek to balance supply and demand, resulted in renewed marketing of certain paper grades that previously had been placed on allocation.  Consequently, spot pricing became very competitive.  The uncoated paper market is relatively balanced currently, but overall demand remains weak, and mills have dropped back to more normal operating levels.  With moreincluding by (if possible) taking capacity shuts/conversions planned, we expect operating rates to sustain in the lower 90% range.  With declining demand expected to continue, combined with rising imports, falling exports and a more balanced market, prices are expected to remain relatively stable until at least the second half of fiscal year 2021, although the impactout of the COVID-19 pandemic could reducemarket, whether by taking production off-line or switching production to alternative paper products. Generally, if mills are running at high capacity, suppliers are able to raise prices. Increased foreign imports and demand much faster than the paper companies can adjust supply, thus impacting pricing.  Coated paper demand has dropped considerably and, even with severaldeclines have currently stabilized price increases of North American printing & writing paper. The extent to which import pressures remain in place will likely play a major capacity closures, operating rates are expected to remain low during the foreseeable future, despite a recent increase. Continued closures/conversions, while expected, are not expected to be enough to completely balance the market.  Imports are expected to drop with demand, but the high dollar could push imports even higher which could lead to pressure on coated paper pricing.  Foreign imports may not appear as quickly as previous years given the lack of containersrole in Asia and the overall disruption in shipping worldwide.   Regardless of these factors, many of which are cyclical, weprice stability or decreases. We intend to continue to focus on effectively managing and controlling our product costs through the use of forecasting, production and costing models, as well as working closely with our domestic suppliers to reduce our procurement costs, in order to minimize effects on our operational results. In addition, we will continue to look for ways to reduce and leverage our fixed costs.

Continued consolidation of our customers – Our customers are distributors, many of which are consolidating or are being acquired by competitors. We continue to maintain a majority of the business we have had with our customers historically, but it is possible that these consolidations and acquisitions, which we expect to continue in the future, ultimately will impact our margins and sales.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

In preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the disclosures and reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis, including those related to allowance for doubtful receivables, inventory valuations, property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, pension plan obligations, accrued liabilities and income taxes. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

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We believe the following accounting policies are the most critical due to their effect on our more significant estimates and judgments used in preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Pension Plan – We maintain the Pension Plan for employees. Included in our financial results are Pension Plan costs that are measured using actuarial valuations. The actuarialvaluations and requires the use of a number of assumptions. Changes in these assumptions usedcan result in different expense and liability amounts and future actual experience may differ significantly from actual results.  current expectations.

As our Pension Plan assets are invested in marketable securities, fluctuations in market values could potentially impact our funding status and associated liability recorded. The expected rate of return on assets was unchanged from the 6.50% at February 28, 2022.

Similar to fluctuations in market values, a drop in the discount rate could potentially negatively impact our funded status, recorded pension liability and future contribution levels with the opposite impact occurring for an increase in the discount rate. During fiscal year 2023, the discount rate used to determine the net pension obligations for purposes of our Consolidated Financial Statements increased to 5.00% from 3.10% in fiscal year 2022. The discount rate is reviewed by management annually and is adjusted to reflect movements in the average Mercer and FTSE (formerly Citigroup) pension yield curves for mature pension plans with duration of about 12-15 years. The Company estimated the duration of its pension benefit obligation (PBO) to be approximately 12-15 years. Each 10 basis point change in the discount rate impacts our computed pension liability by about $0.53 million.

Also, continued changes in the mortality assumptions could potentially impact our funded status. For the February 28, 2023 measurement, no change was made to the mortality assumption. While U.S. mortality has been higher in the last couple of years due to the pandemic and other related factors, the mortality assumption is used to estimate the future lifetime of plan participants. Any actual impact on the Pension Plan from the higher than expected mortality has already been recognized in the underlying participant data used to measure the pension liability. The impact on future longevity is still being studied, and there is a general expectation that the current population is a healthier cohort such that mortality rates may return to pre-pandemic levels. This assumption will continue to be monitored.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets – Amounts allocated to intangibles and goodwill are determined based on valuation analysisanalyses for our acquisitions. Amortizable intangibles are amortized over their expected useful lives. We evaluate these amounts periodically (at least once a year) to determine whether a triggering event has occurred during the year that would indicate potential impairment.

The Company historically has performed its annualWe assess goodwill for impairment test as of November 30, the last day of the third quarter and during 2020 the Company changed its date to the first day of the fourth quarter, December 1.  Accordingly, the annual impairment test of goodwill was performed as of both November 30 and updatedannually as of December 1, of fiscal year 2020 with no impact on the financial statements.  This change does not accelerate, delay, avoid or cause anmore frequently if impairment charge, nor does this change result in adjustments to the Company’s previously issued financial statements.  No impairment was recorded during fiscal year 2020.indicators are present. The Company’s impairment tests indicated significant cushion between its carrying value and fair market value.

For fiscal year 2019, the Company useduses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (likelihood of more than 50%) that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, including goodwill. Some of the qualitative factors considered in applying this test include consideration of macroeconomic conditions,

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industry and market conditions, cost factors affecting the business, overall financial performance of the business, and performance of the share price of the Company.

For fiscal year 2020, because If qualitative factors wereare not deemed insufficientsufficient to conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value of athe reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, and because enough time had elapsed that management believed it was prudent to perform a quantitative assessment,then a one-step approach wasis applied to makein making an evaluation. ThisThe evaluation utilizes multiple valuation methodologies, including a market approach (market price multiples of comparable companies) and an income approach (discounted cash flow analysis). The computations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, including, among other things, selection of comparable publicly traded companies, the discount rate applied to future earnings reflecting a weighted average cost of capital, and earnings growth assumptions. A discounted cash flow analysis requires management to make various assumptions about future sales, operating margins, capital expenditures, working capital and growth rates. If the evaluation results in the fair value of the goodwill for the reporting unit being lower than the carrying value, an impairment charge is recorded. A goodwill impairment charge was not required for the fiscal year 2020years ended February 28, 2023 or fiscal year 2019.  February 28, 2022.

Subsequent to the evaluation described above, the COVID-19 outbreak occurred, causing major economic disruption and significant volatility in the stock markets.  As a result, the December 1, 2019 assessment performed with respect to fiscal year 2020 was updated by management through February 29, 2020.  Based on this updated qualitative assessment, no impairment to the Company’s recorded goodwill was deemed required.  

We recognize revenues from product sales upon shipment to the customer if the terms of the sale are freight on board (“FOB”) shipping point (and therefore title and all risks of ownership, including risk of loss, passes to the customer upon shipping) or, to a lesser extent, upon delivery to the customer if the terms of the sale are FOB destination (and therefore title and all risks of ownership, including risk of loss, passes to the customer upon delivery).Revenue Recognition – Net sales consist of gross sales invoiced to customers, less certain related charges, including discounts, returns and other allowances. Our allowance for credit losses is based on an analysis that estimates the amount of our total customers receivable balance that is not collectible. This analysis includes assessing a default probability to customers’ receivable balances, which is influenced by several factors including (i) current market conditions, (ii) periodic review of customer credit worthiness, and (iii) review of customer receivable aging and payment trends. While we believe we have exercised prudent judgment and applied reasonable assumptions, there

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can be no assurance that in the future, changes in economic conditions or other factors would not cause changes in the financial health of our customers. If the financial health of our customers deteriorates, the timing and level of payments received could be impacted and therefore, could result in a change to our estimated losses. Returns, discounts and other allowances have historically been insignificant. In some cases and upon customer request, we print and store custom print product for customer specified future delivery, generally within twelve months. In this case, risk of loss from obsolescence passes to the customer, the customer is invoiced under normal credit terms and revenue is recognized when manufacturing is complete. Approximately $11.0$17.1 million, $10.3$14.6 million, and $9.7$12.5 million of revenue were recognized under these agreements during fiscal years ended 2020, 20192023, 2022 and 2018,2021, respectively.

We maintain an allowance for doubtful receivables to reflect estimated losses resulting from the inability of customers to make required payments. On an on-going basis, we evaluate the collectability of accounts receivable based upon historical collection trends, current economic factors, and the assessment of the collectability of specific accounts. We evaluate the collectability of specific accounts using a combination of factors, including the age of the outstanding balances, evaluation of customers’ current and past financial condition and credit scores, recent payment history, current economic environment, discussions with our sales managers, and discussions with the customers directly.

Inventories – Our inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We regularly review inventory values on hand, using specific aging categories, and write down inventory deemed obsolete and/or slow-moving based on historical usage and estimated future usage to its estimated net realizable value. As actual future demand or market conditions may vary from those projected by management, adjustments to inventory valuations may be required.

As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each jurisdiction in which we operate. This process involves estimating our actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from different treatment of items for tax and financial reporting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in our consolidated balance sheets. We must then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered based on our history of earnings expectations for future taxable income including taxable income in prior carry-back years, as well as future taxable income.  To the extent we believe that recovery is not likely, we must establish a valuation allowance. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance, we must include an expense within the tax provision in the consolidated statements of operations.  In the event that actual results differ from these estimates, our provision for income taxes could be materially impacted.

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The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic presents various global risks.  The full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve as of the date of this report.  Management is actively monitoring the situation as pertains to the Company’s financial condition, liquidity, operations, suppliers, industry and workforce.  Given the ongoing evolution of the pandemic and the global responses to control its spread, the Company is not able to estimate the ultimate effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on its results of operation, financial condition, or liquidity for fiscal year 2021.  Currently, the Company is considering deferring payments of payroll taxes to the extent allowable under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act.  The Company is also reviewing other provisions of the CARES Act and does not expect a significant tax impact.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "TaxAct"). The Tax Act includes significant changes to the U.S. corporate income tax system including, among other things, a federal corporate rate reduction from 35% to 21%; limitations on the deductibility of interest expense and executive compensation and the transition of U.S. international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a modified territorial tax system.  A majority of the provisions in the Tax Act are effective January 1, 2018.  As a result of the reduction of the corporate tax rate to 21%, we revalued our deferred tax assets and liabilities as of the date of enactment, with resulting tax effects accounted for in the reporting period of enactment. This change in the statutory tax rate resulted in reduction in income tax expense being recognized of $3.6 million in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2018 due to the adjustment of deferred tax liabilities based on the expected prevailing tax rate at the expected time of their realization.

In addition to the assessments described above, we also have to make assessments as to the adequacy of our accrued liabilities, more specifically our liabilities recorded in connection with our workers compensation and health insurance, as these plans are self-funded. To help us in this evaluation process, we routinely get outside third-party assessments of our potential liabilities under each plan.

Results of Operations

The following discussion provides information which we believe is relevant to understanding our results of operations and financial condition. The discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which are incorporated herein by reference.thereto. Unless otherwise indicated, this financial overview is for the continuing operations of the Company, which are comprised of the production and sales of business forms and other business products, and exclude the discontinued operations of our Apparel Segment, which we sold in May 2016.products. The operating results of the Company for fiscal year 20202023 and the comparative fiscal years 20192022 and 20182021 are included in the tables below.

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Consolidated Summary