UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20172022
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 000-55435
cik0001567925-20221231_g1.jpg
CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II,SILA REALTY TRUST, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland46-1854011
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
Maryland46-1854011
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
4890 West Kennedy Blvd.,1001 Water Street, Suite 650800
Tampa, FL 3360933602
(813) 287-0101
(Address of Principal Executive Offices; Zip Code)(Registrant’s Telephone Number)Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
NoneN/ANoneN/AN/A
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes  ☐   No ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes  ☐    No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and, “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B)13(a) of the SecuritiesExchange Act. 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐1
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐1
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes  ☐    No  ☒
There is no established market for the Registrant’s shares of common stock.
As of June 30, 2017,2022, the last business day of the Registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, there were approximately 76,316,000167,794,000 shares of Class A common stock, 1,703,00016,589,000 shares of Class I common stock, and 21,815,00040,646,000 shares of Class T common stock and 0 shares of Class T2 common stock held by non-affiliates, for an aggregate market value of approximately $756,760,000, $15,506,000$1,375,910,800, $136,029,800, $333,297,200 and $209,012,000,$0, respectively, assuming a market value of $10.078$8.20 per Class A share $9.162 per Class I share and $9.649 per Class T share, the offering prices per share as of June 30, 2017 in the registrant's public offering exclusive of any discounts for certain categories of purchasers. The estimated share value of each of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock, and Class T common stock is $9.18and Class T2 common stock, based on the Registrant's estimated per share net asset value as of June 30, 2017, which was approved2022, of the Registrant's common stock established by the Registrant's board of directors on September 28, 2017.at that time.
As of March 16, 2018,10, 2023, there were approximately 81,988,000168,631,000 shares of Class A common stock, 8,146,00016,826,000 shares of Class I common stock, 37,365,00041,223,000 shares of Class T common stock and 0 shares of Class T2 common stock of Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II,Sila Realty Trust, Inc. outstanding.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of Registrant’s proxy statement for the 20182023 annual stockholders meeting, which is expected to be filed no later than April 30, 2018,with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the Registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, are incorporated by reference in Part III. Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.

(1)Pursuant to SEC guidance, the blank checkbox is included on this cover page but no disclosure with respect to this checkbox shall be made until the adoption and effectiveness of related stock exchange listing standards.
CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II,



SILA REALTY TRUST, INC.
(A Maryland Corporation)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Item 1.
Item 1.1A.
Item 1A.1B.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.
Item 9C.
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.
Item 15.
Item 16.







CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II,Sila Realty Trust, Inc., other than historical facts, may be considered forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. We intend for all such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable by law. Such statements include, in particular, statements about our plans, strategies, goals, objectives, initiatives, financial position, prospects, competition, future transactions, acquisitions and prospects,partnerships, availability of funds, payment of distributions, share repurchases, capital and other significant expenditures, and liquidity, and are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, as well as known and unknown risks, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected or anticipated. Therefore, such statements are not intended to be a guarantee of our performance in future periods. Such forward-looking statements can generally be identified by our use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “continue,” or other similar words. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date this Annual Report on Form 10-K is filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. We make no representation or warranty (express or implied) about the accuracy of any such forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and we do not undertake to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
Forward-looking statements that were true at the time made may ultimately prove to be incorrect or false. We caution investors not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which reflect our management’s view only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results. The forward-looking statements should be read in light of the risk factors identified in the Item 1A. Risk Factors section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.




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Table of Contents
PART II.
Item 1. Business.
The CompanyGeneral Description of Business and Operations
Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II,Sila Realty Trust, Inc., or the Company, or we, is a Maryland corporation that was formed on January 11, 2013, whichheadquartered in Tampa, Florida, that has elected, and currently qualifies, to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or a REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, for federal income tax purposes commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2014.purposes. Substantially all of ourSila Realty Trust, Inc.'s business is conducted through Carter ValidusSila Realty Operating Partnership, II, LP, a Delaware limited partnership, or the Operating Partnership, formed on January 10, 2013. The CompanyPartnership. Sila Realty Trust, Inc. is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership and Carter Validus Advisors II, LLC, or our Advisor, is the special limited partnerdirectly owns 100% of the Operating Partnership. Except as the context otherwise requires, “we,” “our,” “us,” and the “Company” refer to Sila Realty Trust, Inc., our Operating Partnership and all wholly-owned subsidiaries.
We invest in high-quality properties leased to long-term tenants. We are primarily focused on investing in healthcare assets across the continuum of care, with emphasis on lower cost patient settings, which, we believe, typically generate predictable, durable and growing income streams. We may also make other real estate-related investments, which may include equity or debt interests in other real estate entities.
We formerly invested in data center properties. During the second quarter of 2021, our board of directors, or the Board, made a determination to sell our data center properties. On May 19, 2021, we and certain of our wholly-owned subsidiaries entered into a purchase and sale agreement, or the PSA, for the sale of up to 29 data center properties owned by us, which constituted the entirety of our data center segment, or the Data Center Sale. On July 22, 2021, we completed the sale of all 29 of the data center properties for an aggregate sale price of $1,320,000,000, and generated net proceeds of approximately $1,295,367,000. Concurrently, the Board declared a special cash distribution of $1.75 per share of Class A, Class I, Class T and Class T2 shares of common stock. The special cash distribution was funded with the proceeds from the sale of the data center properties. The special cash distribution was paid on July 30, 2021 to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 26, 2021, in the aggregate amount of approximately $392,685,000. The decision of the Board to sell the data center properties, as well as the execution of the PSA, represented a strategic shift that had a major effect on our results and operations for the periods presented. As of December 31, 2017,2021 and subsequent, we owned 53had no assets or liabilities related to the data center segment. The operations of the data center segment have been classified as income from discontinued operations on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Prior to September 30, 2020, our former advisor was responsible for managing our affairs on a day-to-day basis and for identifying and making investments on our behalf pursuant to an advisory agreement among us, the Operating Partnership and our former advisor. On July 28, 2020, we and the Operating Partnership entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, or the Purchase Agreement, to provide for the internalization of the external management functions previously performed for us and the Operating Partnership by our former advisor and its affiliates, or the Internalization Transaction. On September 30, 2020, we closed the Internalization Transaction. Effective September 30, 2020, as a result of the Internalization Transaction, our former advisor is no longer affiliated with us. Upon completion of the Internalization Transaction, individuals who were previously employed by an affiliate of our former advisor became employees of us and the functions previously performed by our former advisor were internalized by us. As an internally managed company, we no longer pay our former advisor and its affiliates any fees or expense reimbursements arising from the advisory agreement.
We raised the equity capital for our real estate investments consistingthrough two public offerings, or our Offerings, from May 2014 through November 2018, and we have offered shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, or the DRIP, pursuant to two Registration Statements on Form S-3, together the DRIP Offerings and each a DRIP Offering, since November 2017. As of 70December 31, 2022, we had accepted investors’ subscriptions for and issued approximately 157,508,000 shares of Class A, Class I, Class T and Class T2 common stock in our Offerings, resulting in receipt of gross proceeds of approximately $1,520,086,000, before share repurchases of $135,701,000, selling commissions and dealer manager fees of approximately $96,734,000 and other offering costs of approximately $27,631,000.
As of December 31, 2022, we owned 132 real estate healthcare properties, comprisingcomprised of approximately 5,190,0005,535,000 rentable square feet of single-tenant and multi-tenant commercial space located in 37 metropolitan statistical areas, or MSAs,spaces, and one micropolitan statistical area, or µSA.two undeveloped land parcels. As of December 31, 2017,2022, the rentable space of these real estate investmentshealthcare properties was 97.7%99.5% leased.
We commenced our initial public offering of $2,350,000,000 of shares of our common stock,have historically established, and intend to continue to establish, an estimated per share net asset value, or our Initial Offering, consisting of $2,250,000,000 of shares in our primary offering and up to $100,000,000 of shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, or DRIP, on May 29, 2014. We ceased offering shares of common stock pursuant to our Initial Offering on November 24, 2017. At the completion of our Initial Offering, we had accepted investors subscriptions for and issued approximately 125,095,000 shares of Class A, Class I and Class T common stock, including shares of common stock issued pursuant to our DRIP, resulting in gross proceeds of $1,223,803,000, before selling commissions and dealer manager fees of approximately $91,503,000.
On November 27, 2017, our follow-on offering, or our Offering, of up to $1,000,000,000 in shares of Class A common stock, Class I common stock, and Class T common stock pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-11, or the Follow-On Registration Statement, was declared effective by the SEC.
On September 28, 2017, our board of directors, at the recommendation of the audit committee, which is comprised solely of independent directors, unanimously approved and established an Estimated Per Share NAV, as defined below, of $9.18 as of June 30, 2017 of each of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock for purposes of assisting broker-dealers that are participating, or participated, in the Initial Offering and the Offering in meeting their customer account statement reporting obligations under National Association of Securities Dealers Conduct Rule 2340. As a result of our board of directors' determination of theon at least an annual basis. Each Estimated Per Share NAV our board of directors approvedwas determined by the revised primary offering prices of $10.200 per Class A share, $9.273 per Class I share, and $9.766 per Class T share, effective October 1, 2017.Further, the board of directors approved $9.18 as the per share purchase price of Class A shares, Class I shares and Class T shares pursuant to the DRIP, effective October 1, 2017.Board, after consultation with an independent third-party valuation firm. The Estimated Per Share NAV is not subject to audit by our independent registered public accounting firm. We intend to publish an updated estimated per share NAV on at least an annual basis.
On October 13, 2017, we registered 10,893,246 shares of common stock under the DRIP pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3, or the DRIP Registration Statement, for a price per share of $9.18 per Class A share, Class I share and Class T share for a proposed maximum offering price of $100,000,000 in shares of common stock, or the DRIP Offering. The DRIP Registration Statement was automatically effective with the SEC upon filing and we commenced offering shares of common stock pursuant to the DRIP Registration Statement on December 1, 2017. On December 6, 2017, we filed a post-effective amendment to our DRIP Registration Statement to register shares of Class T2 common stock at $9.18 per share.
On June 2, 2017, we filed Articles Supplementary to the Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland reclassifying a portion of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock as Class T2 common stock. On December 6, 2017, we filed Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to our Registration Statement on Form S-11 to register shares of Class T2 common stock, which was declared effective by the SEC on February 20, 2018.
We ceased offering shares of Class T common stock in our Offering at of the close of business on March 14, 2018. As of March 15, 2018, we are offering, in any combination with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount, shares of Class A common stock at a price of $10.200 per share, shares of Class I common stock at a price of $9.273 per share, and shares of Class T2 common stock at a price of $9.714 per share. The offering prices are based on the most recent estimated per share net asset value, or Estimated Per Share NAV was calculated for purposes of $9.18assisting broker-dealers participating in public offerings in meeting their customer account statement reporting obligations under the National
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Table of Contents
Association of Securities Dealers Conduct Rule 2340. The following table outlines the established Estimated Per Share NAV as determined by the Board for the last three years as of each valuation date presented below:
Valuation DateEffective DateEstimated Per Share NAV
October 31, 2019December 18, 2019$8.65
September 30, 2020December 8, 2020$8.69
May 31, 2021July 26, 2021$9.95(1)
May 31, 2021July 26, 2021$8.20(1)
June 30, 2022August 25, 2022$8.22

(1)On July 22, 2021, we announced the Estimated Per Share NAV that the Board, at the recommendation of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock, and any applicableaudit committee, or the Audit Committee, approved on July 20, 2021, which was calculated as of May 31, 2021, of $9.95. Upon the declaration of a special cash distribution of $1.75 per share upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees. We continue to offer sharesstockholders of Class T common stock pursuant to our DRIP Offering. We refer torecord on July 26, 2021, the "Offering", "Initial Offering" and "DRIP Offering" collectively as the "Offerings."


As of December 31, 2017, we had accepted investors’ subscriptions for and issued approximately 126,560,000 shares of Class A, Class I and Class T common stock in our Offerings, resulting in receipt of gross proceeds of approximately $1,237,638,000, before share repurchases of $20,584,000, selling commissions and dealer manager fees of approximately $91,898,000 and other offering costs of approximately $23,357,000.
Substantially all of our business is managed by our Advisor. Carter Validus Real Estate Management Services II, LLC, an affiliate of our Advisor, or our Property Manager, serves as our property manager. SC Distributors, LLC, an affiliate of our Advisor, or our Dealer Manager, serves as the dealer manager of our Offerings. The Dealer Manager has received and will continue to receive fees for services related to our Offerings. Our Advisor and Property Manager have received and will continue to receive fees for services related to our acquisition and operational stages. The Advisor also may receive fees during our liquidation stage.
We were formed to invest primarily in quality income-producing commercial real estate, with a focus on data centers and healthcare properties, preferably with long-term net leases to creditworthy tenants, as well as to make other real estate investments that relate to such property types. Other real estate investments may include equity or debt interests, including securities, in other real estate entities. We also may originate or invest in real estate-related debt. We expect real estate-related debt originations and investments to be focused on first mortgage loans, but they also may include real estate-related bridge loans, mezzanine loans and securitized debt.
Except as the context otherwise requires, “we,” “our,” “us,” and the “Company” refer to Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II, Inc., our Operating Partnership and all wholly-owned subsidiaries.new Estimated Per Share NAV was $8.20.
Key Developments during 2017During 2022 and Subsequent
As of March 16, 2018, we had accepted investors' subscriptions for and issued approximately 84,975,000 shares of Class A common stock, 8,152,000 shares of Class I common stock, 37,521,000 shares of Class T common stock and no shares of Class T2 common stock in our Offerings, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $841,384,000, $74,555,000, $360,650,000 and $0, respectively, before selling commissions and dealer manager fees of approximately $166,615,000.
We currently pay, and intend to continue to pay, monthly distributions to our stockholders equal to an annualized rate of 6.40% for Class A common stock, assuming a purchase price of $10.200 per share of Class A common stock, 7.04% for Class I common stock, assuming a purchase price of $9.273 per share of Class I common stock, 5.68% for Class T common stock, assuming a purchase price of $9.766 per share of Class T common stock and 5.72% for Class T2 common stock, assuming a purchase price of $9.714 per share of Class T2 common stock. Additionally, as of March 16, 2018, we had paid aggregate distributions, since inception, of approximately $137,511,000 ($62,524,000 in cash and $74,987,000 reinvested in shares of common stock pursuant toDuring the DRIP).
As ofyear ended December 31, 2017,2022, we had purchased 53 real estate investments, consisting of 70seven operating healthcare properties, in five separate transactions, comprising approximately 5,190,000 of gross rental244,000 rentable square feet for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1,611,055,000.$157,194,000. In addition, we placed one operating healthcare property into service.
During the year ended December 31, 2017,2022, we entered into seven notes payablesold one land parcel that formerly contained a healthcare property for an aggregate sale price of $24,000,000 and assumed one note payable that are each collateralized by real estate assets. Asgenerated net proceeds of December 31, 2017, the aggregate principal balance outstanding of our notes payable was $468,135,000.$22,701,000.
During the year ended December 31, 2017,2022, we, the Operating Partnership and certain of our subsidiaries, entered into a senior unsecured revolving credit agreement, or the Revolving Credit Agreement, with Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent for the lenders, for aggregate commitments available of up to $500,000,000, which may be increased, subject to lender approval, through incremental term loans and/or revolving loan commitments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1,000,000,000. The maturity date for the borrowing base availabilityRevolving Credit Agreement is February 15, 2026, which, at our election, may be extended for a period of six-months on no more than two occasions, subject to certain conditions, including the payment of an extension fee. Simultaneously with the Revolving Credit Agreement’s execution, on February 15, 2022, we, the Operating Partnership, and certain of our subsidiaries, entered into a senior unsecured term loan agreement, or the 2024 Term Loan Agreement, with Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent for the lenders. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement, with aggregate commitments of up to $300,000,000, may be increased, subject to lender approval, to an aggregate amount not to exceed $600,000,000. In addition, we, the Operating Partnership and certain of our subsidiaries, entered into a new senior unsecured term loan agreement, or the 2028 Term Loan Agreement, with Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent for the lenders, with aggregate commitments of up to $275,000,000. The Revolving Credit Agreement was entered into to replace our prior revolving line of credit, which had a maturity date of April 27, 2022, with the option to extend for one twelve-month period. We did not exercise the option to extend. Upon closing of the Revolving Credit Agreement, we extinguished all commitments associated with the prior revolving line of credit. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement was entered into to replace our prior term loan, which was paid off in its entirety upon closing of the Revolving Credit Agreement and the 2024 Term Loan Agreement. We refer to the 2028 Term Loan Agreement, the Revolving Credit Agreement and the 2024 Term Loan Agreement, collectively, as the “Unsecured Credit Facility,” which has aggregate commitments available of $1,075,000,000. At our election, loans under the secured credit facility by $116,431,000 by adding 12 properties to the aggregate pool availability,Unsecured Credit Facility may be made as Base Rate Loans or Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR, Loans. See Part II, Item 7. "Management’s Discussion and we removed one property from the collateralized pool, which decreased the aggregate pool availability by $18,645,000. This resulted in a net increaseAnalysis of the borrowing base availabilityFinancial Condition and Results of $97,786,000.Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources," for additional information.
As of March 16, 2018,10, 2023, we had a $250,000,000 outstanding balance under the secured credit facility.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we received valid repurchase requests related toowned 132 real estate healthcare properties, comprising approximately 1,880,820 Class A shares, Class T shares5,535,000 rentable square feet of single-tenant and Class I shares of common stock (1,793,424 Class A shares, 81,939 Class T shares and 5,457 Class I shares), all of which were repurchased in full, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $17,159,000 (an average of $9.12 per share).
multi-tenant commercial spaces. As of March 16, 2018,10, 2023, the rentable space of our healthcare properties was 99.5% leased. Additionally, we throughowned two undeveloped land parcels as of March 10, 2023.
As of March 10, 2023, we had an outstanding principal balance of $575,000,000 under our wholly-owned subsidiaries, acquired 54 real estate investments, consisting of 72 properties, for an aggregate purchase price of $1,662,016,000 and comprising of approximately 5,323,000 gross rental square feet of commercial space.Unsecured Credit Facility.
Our principal executive offices are located at 4890 West Kennedy Blvd., Suite 650, Tampa, Florida 33609. Our telephone number is (813) 287-0101.


Investment Objectives and Policies
Our primary investment objectives at this time are to:
acquire well-maintainedhigh quality healthcare properties leased to tenants along the continuum of care, capitalizing on critical and strategically-located, quality, mission critical real estate investments in high-growth sectorsstructural economic growth drivers;
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Table of the U.S. economy, including the data center and healthcare sectors, which provide current cash flow from operations;Contents
pay regular cash distributions to stockholders;
preserve, protect and return capital contributions to stockholders;
realize appreciated growth in the value of our investments upon the sale of such investments in whole or in part; and
be prudent, patient and deliberate with respect to the purchase and sale of our investments considering current and future real estate markets.
We cannot assure stockholders that we will attain these objectives or that the value of our assets will not decrease. Furthermore, within our investment objectives and policies, our Advisor haswe have substantial discretion with respect to the selection of specific investments and the purchase and sale of our assets, subject to the approval of our board of directors. Our board of directorsthe Board. The Board may revise our investment objectives and policies if it determines that it is advisable and in the best interest of our stockholders.
Investment Strategy
Primary Investment Focus
There is no limitation on the number, size or type of properties we may acquire or the percentage of net proceeds of our Offerings that may be invested in a single investment. We intend to focus our investment activities on acquiring mission criticalpreferably net-leased properties preferably with long-term leases, to creditworthy tenants that are primarily in the data center and healthcare sectors.sector. We currently expect that most of our properties will continue to be located throughout the continental United States; however, we may purchase properties in other jurisdictions. We may also invest in real estate-related debt and equity securities that meet our investment strategy and return criteria, provided that we do not intend for such investments to constitute a significant portion of our assets, and we willcriteria. We evaluate our assets in an effort to ensureavoid any investments that any such investments do notwould cause us to fail to losemaintain our REIT status or cause us or any of our subsidiaries to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or1940.
We seek to obtain investments that are (i) essential to the Investment Company Act, or cause our Advisor to have assets under management that would require our Advisor to register as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, or the Advisers Act. We expect the sizes of individual properties that we purchase to vary significantly, but we expect most of the properties we acquire are likely to have a purchase price between $5,000,000 and $200,000,000. The number and mix of properties and other real estate-related investments comprising our portfolio will depend upon real estate market conditions and other circumstances existing at the time we acquire the properties and other real estate-related investments, and the amount of proceeds raised in our Offerings.
Investing in Real Property
Our Advisor uses the following criteria to evaluate potential investment opportunities:
“mission critical” (as defined below) to thesuccessful business operations of the tenant;
tenants; (ii) leased to creditworthy and investment grade and other creditworthy tenants, preferably on a net-leased basis;
(iii) long-term leases, preferably with terms of six years or longer, which typically include annual or periodic fixed rental increases; and
(iv) located in geographically diverse, established markets with superior access and visibility.
We believe that net-leased properties, as generally compared to properties with other lease structures, offer a distinct investment advantage since such properties typically provide more stable and predictable returns to the property owner, require less operating capital, have less recurring tenant turnover and, with respect to single-tenant properties, often are located in superior locations that are less dependent on the financial stability of adjoining tenants. Further, since we intend to acquire properties that are geographically diverse, we expect to minimize the potential adverse impact of economic slowdowns or downturns in specific geographic markets. We believe that a portfolio consisting of freestanding, single-tenant and multi-tenant mission critical properties that are long-term net-leased to creditworthy tenants will enhance our liquidity opportunities for investors by making the sale of individual properties, multiple properties or our investment portfolio as a whole attractive to institutional investors and by making a potential listing of our shares attractive to the public investment community.
We consider “mission critical” properties as those properties that are essential to the successful operations of the companies within the industries in which such companies operate.


As determined appropriate by our Advisor, we may acquire properties in various stages of development or that require substantial refurbishment or renovation. Our Advisor will make thisThis determination is made based upon a variety of factors, including the available risk-adjusted returns for such properties when compared with other available properties, the effect such properties would have on the diversification of our portfolio, and our investment objectives of realizing both current income and capital appreciation upon the sale of such properties.
To the extent feasible, we will continue to seekWe endeavor to achieve a well-balanced portfolio of real estate investments that is diversified by tenancy, geographic location, age and lease maturities. We also will focus on acquiringseek to acquire properties primarily in the high-growth data centerhealthcare sector and healthcare sectors. We expect that tenants of ourthe properties will bethat are diversified between national, regional and local companies. We generally target properties with lease terms of six years or longer. We may acquire properties with shorter lease terms if the property is in an attractive location, is difficult to replace, or has other significant favorable attributes. We expect that these investments will provide long-term value by virtue of their size, location, quality and condition, and lease characteristics.
Many data center and healthcare companies currently are entering into sale-leaseback transactions (as described below) as a strategy for applying capital to their core operating businesses that would otherwise be invested in their real estate holdings. We believe that our investment strategy will enable us to take advantage of this trend and companies’ increased emphasis on core business operations and competence, in today’s competitive corporate environment, as many of these companies attempt to divest of their real estate assets.
We have incurred, and intend to continue to incur, debt to acquire properties when our board of directors determines that incurring such debt is in our best interest. In addition, from time to time, we may acquire certain properties without financing and later incur mortgage debt secured by one or more of such properties if favorable financing terms are available. We would use the proceeds from these loans to acquire additional properties and other real estate-related investments. We intend to limit our aggregate borrowings to 50% of the fair market value of our assets (calculated after the close of our Offering and once we have invested substantially all the net proceeds of our Offering), unless excess borrowing is approved by a majority of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors.
We believe that our investment focus may present lower investment risks and greater stability to investors than other sectors of today’s commercial real estate market, such as the office and multifamily property sectors. By acquiring a large number of mission critical properties, we believe that lower-than-expected results of operations from one or a few investments will have a less significant effect on our ability to realize our investment objectives than an alternative strategy in which fewer or different properties are acquired.entities.
Creditworthy Tenants
In evaluating potential property acquisitions, we apply credit underwriting criteria to the existing tenants of such properties. Similarly, we will apply credit underwriting criteria to possible new tenants when we are re-leasing properties in our portfolio (to the extent applicable). We expect manythe tenants and/or sponsors of the tenants of our healthcare properties to be creditworthy national or regional companies generally with high net worth and high operating income.
A tenant is considered creditworthy if it has a financial profile that our Advisor believeswe believe meets our criteria. In evaluating the creditworthiness of a current tenant or a prospective tenant, our Advisor will not use specific quantifiable standards, but willwe consider manyvarious factors, including, but not limited to, the proposed terms of the property acquisition, the financial condition of the tenant and/or guarantor,the sponsor, the operating history of the property with the tenant, the tenant’s market share and track record within its industry segment, the general health and outlook of the tenant’s industry segment, and the lease length and other lease terms at the time of the property acquisition.
We monitor the credit of our tenants in an effort to stay abreast of any material changes in credit quality. We monitor tenant credit byby: (1) reviewing the credit ratings of tenants (or their parent companies) that are rated by nationally recognized rating agencies,agencies; (2) reviewing financial statements that are publicly available or that are required to be delivered to us under the applicable lease,lease; (3) monitoring newsindustry reports and other available information regarding our tenants and their underlying businesses,businesses; (4) monitoring the timeliness of rent collections,collections; and (5) conducting periodic inspections of our properties to ascertain proper maintenance, repair and upkeep. As of December 31, 2017, we have not identified any material change in any of our tenants' credit quality.
Description of Leases
We acquire properties subject to existing tenant leases. When spaces in properties become vacant, existing leases expire, or we acquire properties under development or requiring substantial refurbishment or renovation, we anticipate entering into net leases. Net leases typically require tenants to pay, in addition to a fixed rental, all or a majority of the costs relating to the three broad expense categories of real estate taxes (including special assessments and sales and use taxes), insurance and common area maintenance (including repair and maintenance, utilities, cleaning and other operating expenses related to the property). There are various forms of net leases, most typically classified as triple net, or absolute net. Triple net leases


typically require the tenant to pay, in addition to a fixed rental, all costs related to real estate taxes, insurance, utilities and common area maintenance of the property, including the roof and structure of the property. Generally, the leases require each tenant to procure, at its own expense, commercial general liability insurance, as well as property insurance covering the building for the full replacement value and naming the ownership entity and the lender, if applicable, as the additional insured on the policy. As a precautionary measure, we may obtain, to the extent available, secondary liability insurance, as well as loss of rents insurance that covers two years of annual rent in the event of a rental loss. Tenants will be required to provide proof of insurance by furnishing a certificate of insurance to our Advisor on an annual basis. With respect to multi-tenant properties, we expect to have a variety of lease arrangements with the tenants of these properties. Since each lease is an individually negotiated contract between two or more parties, each lease will have different obligations of both the landlord and tenant. Many large national tenants have standard lease forms that generally do not vary from property to property. We will have limited ability to revise the terms of leases to those tenants. We expect that multi-tenant properties will be subject to "gross" leases. "Gross" leases typically require the tenant to pay a flat rental amount and require us to pay for all property charges regularly associated with ownership of the property.
A majority of our acquisitions generally have lease terms of six years or longer at the time of the property acquisition. As of December 31, 2017, the weighted average remaining lease term of our properties was 10.34 years. We have acquired and may continue to acquire properties under which the lease term is in progress and has a partial term remaining. We also may acquire properties with shorter lease terms if the property is in an attractive location, difficult to replace, or has other significant favorable real estate attributes. Under most commercial leases, tenants are obligated to pay a predetermined annual base rent. Some of the leases also will contain provisions that increase the amount of base rent payable at points during the lease term. In general, we will not permit leases to be assigned or subleased without our prior written consent. If we do consent to an assignment or sublease, the original tenant will generally remain fully liable under the lease unless we release that tenant from its obligations under the lease.
Investment Decisions
Our Advisor may purchase on our account, without the specific prior approval of our board of directors, properties with a purchase price of less than $15,000,000, so long as the investment in the property would not, if consummated, violate our investment guidelines or any restrictions on indebtedness and the consideration to be paid for such properties does not exceed the fair market value of such properties. Where the purchase price is equal to or greater than $15,000,000, investment decisions will be made by our board of directors upon the recommendation of our Advisor.
In evaluating and presenting investments for approval, our Advisor,in properties, we consider various factors, including, to the extent such information is available considers and provides to our board of directors, with respect to eachsuch property, the following:
proposed purchase price, terms and conditions;
physical condition, age, curb appeal and environmental reports;
location, visibility and access;
historical financial performance;
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tenant rent roll and tenant creditworthiness;
lease terms, including rent, rent increases, length of lease term, specific tenant and landlord responsibilities, renewal, expansion, termination, purchase options, exclusive and permitted uses provisions, assignment and sublease provisions, and co-tenancy requirements;
local market economic conditions, demographics and population growth patterns;
neighboring properties; and
potential for new property construction in the area.
Investing in and Originating Loans
We may originate or acquire real estate loans. Our criteria for investing inoriginating or acquiring loans are substantially the same as those involved in our investment in properties. We may originate or invest in real estate loans (including, but not limited to, investments in first, second and third mortgage loans, wraparound mortgage loans, construction mortgage loans on real property, preferred equity loans, and loans on leasehold interest mortgages). We also may invest in mortgage, bridge or mezzanine loans. Further, we may invest in unsecured loans or loans secured by assets other than real estate; however, we will not make unsecured loans or loans not secured by mortgages unless such loans are approved by a majority of our independent directors. A bridge loan is short-term financing for an individual or business until permanent or the next stage of financing can be obtained. A mezzanine loan is a loan made in respect of certain real property that is secured by a lien on the ownership


interests of the entity that, directly or indirectly, owns the real property. These loans would be subordinate to the mortgage loans directly on the underlying property.estate.
Our underwriting process typically involves comprehensive financial, structural, operational and legal due diligence. We do not require an appraisal of the underlying property from a certified independent appraiser for an investment in mortgage, bridge or mezzanine loans, except for investments in transactions with our directors, our Advisor or any of their affiliates. For each such appraisal obtained, we will maintain a copy of such appraisal in our records for at least five years and will make it available during normal business hours for inspection and duplication by any stockholder at such stockholder’s expense. In addition, we will seek to obtain a customary lender’s title insurance policy or commitment as to the priority of the mortgage or condition of the title.
We will not make or invest in mortgage, bridge or mezzanine loans on any one property if the aggregate amount of all mortgage, bridge or mezzanine loans outstanding on the property, including our borrowings, would exceed an amount equal to 85% of the appraised value of the property, as determined by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, unless substantial justification exists, as determined by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors. Our board of directors may find such justification in connection with the purchase of mortgage, bridge or mezzanine loans in cases in which it believes there is a high probability of our foreclosure upon the property or we intend to foreclose upon the property in order to acquire the underlying assets and, in respect of transactions with our affiliates, in which the cost of the mortgage loan investment does not exceed the appraised value of the underlying property.
When evaluating prospective investments in and originations of real estate loans, our management and our Advisor will consider factors such as the following:
the ratio of the total amount of debt secured by property to the value of the property by which it is secured;
the amount of existing debt on the property and the priority of that debt relative to our proposed investment;
the property’s potential for capital appreciation;
expected levels of rental and occupancy rates;
current and projected cash flow of the property;
the degree of liquidity of the investment;
the geographic location of the property;
the condition and use of the property;
the quality, experience and creditworthiness of the borrower;
general economic conditions in the area where the property is located; and
any other factors that our Advisor believes are relevant.loans.
We may originate loans from mortgage brokers or personal solicitations of suitable borrowers, or we may purchase existing loans that were originated by other lenders. Our Advisor willWe evaluate all potential loan investments to determine ifdecide whether the term of the loan, the security for the loan and the loan-to-value ratio meet our investment criteria and objectives. An officer, director, agent or employee of our Advisor will inspect the property securing the loan, if any, during the loan approval process. We do not expect to make or invest in mortgage or mezzanine loans with a maturity of more than ten years from the date of our investment, and anticipate that most loans will have a term of five years. We do not expect to make or invest in bridge loans with a maturity of more than one year (with the right to extend the term for an additional one year) from the date of our investment. Most loans that we will consider for investment would provide for monthly payments of interest and some also may provide for principal amortization, although many loans of the nature that we will consider provide for payments of interest only and a payment of principal in full at the end of the loan term. We will not originate loans with negative amortization provisions.
Investing in Real Estate Securities
We may invest in non-majority owned securities of both publicly-traded and private companies primarily engaged in real estate businesses, including REITs and other real estate operating companies, and securities issued by pass-through entities of which substantially all of the assets consist of qualifying assets or real estate-related assets. We may purchase the common stock, preferred stock, debt, or other securities of these entities or options to acquire such securities. However, any investment in equity securities (including any preferred equity securities) must be approved by a majority of our directors, including a majority of our independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction, as being fair, competitive and commercially reasonable.


Acquisition Structure
We have and expect to continue to acquire fee interests in properties (a fee interest is the absolute, legal possession and ownership of land, property, or rights), although we may utilize other methods of acquiring a property may be utilized if we deem them to be advantageous. Our focus is on acquiring commercial real estate predominantly in the data center and healthcare sectors, but we also may acquire other real property types, including office, industrial and retail properties.
ToIn an effort to achieve our investment objectives, and to further diversify our portfolio, we have invested and willexpect to continue to invest in properties using a number ofvarious acquisition structures, which could include direct and indirect acquisitions, joint ventures, leveraged investments, issuing units in our Operating Partnership in exchange for properties and making mortgages or other loans secured by the same types of properties which we may acquire. Further, our Advisor and its affiliates may purchase properties in their own name, assume loans in connection with the purchase or loan and temporarily hold title to the properties for the purpose of facilitating acquisition or financing by us or any other purpose related to our business.
Joint Ventures
We may enter into joint ventures, partnerships and other co-ownership partnerships for the purpose of making investments. Some of the potential reasons to enter into a joint venture wouldmay be to acquire assets we could not otherwise acquire, to reduce our capital commitment to a particular asset, or to benefit from certain expertise a partner might have. In determining whether to invest in a particular joint venture, we evaluate the assets of the joint venture under the same criteria described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the selection of our investments. In the case of a joint venture, weWe also evaluate the terms of the joint venture, as well as the financial condition, operating capabilities and integrity of our partner or partners. We may enter into joint ventures with our directors and our Advisor (or its affiliates) only if a majority of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction, approves the transaction as being fair and reasonable to us and on substantially the same terms and conditions as those received by the other joint venturers.
We may enter into joint ventures in which we have a right of first refusal to purchase the co-venturer’s interest in the joint venture if the co-venturer elects to sell such interest. If the co-venturer elects to sell property held in any such joint venture, however, we may not have sufficient funds to exercise our right of first refusal to buy the other co-venturer’s interest in the property held by the joint venture. If any joint venture with an affiliated entity holds interests in more than one property, the interest in each such property may be specially allocated based upon the respective proportion of funds invested by each co-venturer in each such property.
International Investments
We intend to primarily invest in real estate located in the United States; however, we may also invest in assets located outside of the United States. While we do not have specific locations identified, we could invest in real estate located in North America or Europe, or such other location as determined by our board of directors.
Disposition Policy
We typically intend to hold each asset we acquire for an extended period of time, generally five to seven years, or for the life of the Company.time. However, circumstances may arise that could result in the earlier sale of some assets.assets earlier than initially expected. The determination of whether an asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of will beis made after consideration of relevant factors, including prevailing economic conditions, specific real estate market conditions, tax implications for our stockholders, and other factors. The requirements for qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes also willmay put some limits on our ability to sell assets after short holding periods.
Financing Strategy and Policies
We believe that utilizing borrowing is consistent with our investment objectives and has the potential to maximize returns to our stockholders. Financing for acquisitions and investments may be obtained at the time an asset is acquired or an investment is made or at a later time. In addition, debt financing may be used from time to time for property improvements, tenant improvements, leasing commissions and other working capital needs. The determinationform of whetherour indebtedness will vary and could
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be long-term or short-term, secured or unsecured, or fixed-rate or floating rate. We will not enter into interest rate swaps or caps, or similar hedging transactions or derivative arrangements for speculative purposes, but may do so in order to manage or mitigate our interest rate risk on variable rate debt.
Distribution Policy
The amount of distributions we pay to our stockholders is determined by the Board and is dependent on a particular property should be sold or otherwise disposednumber of will be made after consideration of relevant factors, including prevailing economic conditions, specific real estate market circumstances,funds available for payment of distributions, our financial condition, capital expenditure requirements, annual distribution requirements needed to maintain our status as a REIT under the Code and current tenant creditworthiness, with a viewrestrictions imposed by our organizational documents and Maryland law.
We currently pay, and intend to achieving maximum capital appreciation.continue to pay, distributions to our stockholders. If we do not have enough cash from operations to fund distributions, we may sell assets in order to fund distributions, or make distributions out of net proceeds from potential future offerings. We cannot assure stockholders that this objective will be realized. The selling price of a property thathave paid, and may continue to pay, distributions from sources other than from our cash flows from operations. Subject to certain exceptions, there is net-leased will be determined in large part byno limit to the amount of distributions that we may pay out of net proceeds from potential future offerings.
In accordance with our organizational documents and Maryland law, we may not make distributions that would: (1) cause us to be unable to pay our debts as they become due in the ordinary course of business; (2) cause our total assets to be less than the sum of our total liabilities plus senior liquidation preferences, if any; or (3) jeopardize our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT.
To the extent that distributions to our stockholders are paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, such distributions are taxable as ordinary income. To the extent that our distributions exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits, such amounts constitute a return of capital to our stockholders for federal income tax purposes, to the extent of their basis in their stock, and thereafter will constitute a capital gain.
See Part II, Item 5. "Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities—Distributions," for further discussion on distribution rates approved by the Board.
Competition
As we purchase properties for our portfolio, we are in competition with other potential buyers (some of whom have more cash, available liquidity, and/or offer competitive advantages versus us in the acquisition of properties) for the same properties and may have to pay more to purchase the property than if there were no other potential acquirers, or we may have to locate another property that meets our investment criteria. Although we generally acquire properties subject to existing leases, the leasing of real estate is highly competitive in the current market, and we may experience competition for tenants from owners and managers of competing projects. As a result, we may have to provide free rent, payableincur charges for tenant improvements, or offer other inducements, or we might not be able to timely lease the space, all of which may have an adverse impact on our results of operations. At the time we determine to dispose of our properties, we are typically in competition with sellers of similar properties to locate suitable purchasers for our properties.
Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Tenants
As of December 31, 2022, we had cash on deposit in certain financial institutions that had deposits in excess of current federally insured levels. We limit cash investments to financial institutions with high credit standing; therefore, we do not believe we are exposed to any significant credit risk on our cash deposits. To date, we have not experienced any loss of or lack of access to cash in our accounts.
The following table shows the tenant that accounted for 10% or more of our rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022:
TenantTotal Number
of Leases
Leased Sq Ft2022 Rental Revenue
(in thousands)
Percentage of
2022 Rental Revenue
Post Acute Medical, LLC, and its affiliates (1)
15 708,817 $27,279 15.2 %

(1)    The leases are with tenants under the common control of Post Acute Medical, LLC and its affiliates and have lease expiration dates between 2030 and 2042.
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The following table shows the “sales multiple” appliedgeographic diversification of our real estate properties that accounted for 10% or more of our rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022:
LocationTotal Number
of Leases
Leased Sq Ft2022 Rental Revenue
(in thousands)
Percentage of
2022 Rental Revenue
Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX5490,742 19,828 11.0 %
Compliance with Governmental Regulations
Our real estate properties are subject to various federal, state and local regulatory laws and requirements, including, but not limited to, zoning regulations, building codes and land use laws and building, accessibility, occupancy and other permit requirements. Noncompliance could result in the imposition of governmental fines or an award of damages to private litigants. While we believe that rent. If a tenant has a repurchase option at a formula price, we are currently in material compliance with these regulatory requirements, the requirements may change or new requirements may be limited in realizing any appreciation. In connection with our sales of properties, we may lendimposed that could require significant unanticipated expenditures by us. Significant regulatory requirements include the purchaser all or a portion of the purchase price. In these instances, our taxable income may exceed the cash received in the sale. The terms of payment will be affected by custom in the area in which the property being sold is locatedlaws and the then-prevailing economic conditions.regulations described below.
In addition, if during the period ending two years after the close of the Offering, we sell assetsREIT Laws and then reinvest in other assets, we will pay our advisor 2.0% of the contract purchase price of each property acquired (including our pro rata share of debt attributable to such property) and 2.0% of the amount advanced for a loan or other investment (including our pro rata share of debt attributable to such investment); provided, however, that in no event shall the aggregate acquisition fee paid in respect of such sale or reinvestment exceed 6.0% of the contract purchase price of each property (including our pro rata share


of debt attributable to such property) or 6.0% of the amount advanced for a loan or other investment (including our pro rata share of debt attributable to such investment).
Qualification as a REITRegulations
We qualifiedelected, and electedqualify, to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code. To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to currently distribute at least 90.0% of our REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain, to our stockholders. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax on taxable income that we distribute to our stockholders.
If we fail to maintain our qualification as a REIT in any taxable year, we would then be subject to federal income taxes on our taxable income at regular corporate rates and would not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year during which qualification is lost, unless the Internal Revenue Service grants us relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could have a material adverse effect on our net income and net cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
Distribution Policy
The amount of distributions we pay to our stockholders is determined by our board of directorsEnvironmental Laws and is dependent on a number of factors, including funds available for payment of distributions, our financial condition, capital expenditure requirements, annual distribution requirements needed to maintain our status as a REIT under the Code and restrictions imposed by our organizational documents and Maryland law.
We currently pay, and intend to continue to pay, monthly distributions to our stockholders. We currently calculate our monthly distributions on a daily record and declaration date. Therefore, new investors will be entitled to distributions immediately upon the purchase of their shares. Because all of our operations are performed indirectly through our Operating Partnership, our ability to continue to pay distributions depends on our Operating Partnership’s ability to pay distributions to its partners, including to us. If we do not have enough cash from operations to fund distributions, we may borrow, issue additional securities or sell assets in order to fund distributions, or make distributions out of net proceeds from our Offerings. We have paid, and may continue to pay, distributions from sources other than from our cash flows from operations. Subject to certain limited exceptions, there is no limit to the amount of distributions that we may pay from Offering proceeds.
In accordance with our organizational documents and Maryland law, we may not make distributions that would: (1) cause us to be unable to pay our debts as they become due in the usual course of business; (2) cause our total assets to be less than the sum of our total liabilities plus senior liquidation preferences, if any; or (3) jeopardize our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT.
To the extent that distributions to our stockholders are paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, such distributions are taxable as ordinary income. To the extent that our distributions exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits, such amounts constitute a return of capital to our stockholders for federal income tax purposes, to the extent of their basis in their stock, and thereafter will constitute capital gain. All or a portion of a distribution to stockholders may be paid from net offering proceeds and thus, will constitute a return of capital to our stockholders.
See Part II, Item 5. "Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities—Distributions," for further discussion on distribution rates approved by our board of directors.
Financing Strategies and Policies
We believe that utilizing borrowing is consistent with our investment objectives and has the potential to maximize returns to our stockholders. Financing for acquisitions and investments may be obtained at the time an asset is acquired or an investment is made or at a later time. In addition, debt financing may be used from time to time for property improvements, tenant improvements, leasing commissions and other working capital needs. The form of our indebtedness will vary and could be long-term or short-term, secured or unsecured, or fixed-rate or floating rate. We will not enter into interest rate swaps or caps, or similar hedging transactions or derivative arrangements for speculative purposes, but may do so in order to manage or mitigate our interest rate risk on variable rate debt.
We will not borrow from our Advisor, any member of our board of directors, or any of their affiliates unless a majority of our directors, including a majority of our independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction, approves the transaction as being fair, competitive and commercially reasonable and no less favorable to us than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties.


Conflicts of Interest
We are subject to various conflicts of interest arising out of our relationship with our Advisor, and its affiliates, including conflicts related to the arrangements pursuant to which our Advisor and its affiliates will be compensated by us. Our agreements and compensation arrangements with our Advisor and its affiliates were not determined by arm’s-length negotiations. Some of the potential conflicts of interest in our transactions with our Advisor and its affiliates, and the limitations on our Advisor adopted to address these conflicts, are described below.
Our Advisor and its affiliates try to balance our interests with their duties to other programs. However, to the extent that our Advisor or its affiliates take actions that are more favorable to other entities than to us, these actions could have a negative impact on our financial performance and, consequently, on distributions to our stockholders and the value of our stock. In addition, our directors and officers and certain of our stockholders may engage, for their own account, in business activities of the types conducted or to be conducted by our subsidiaries and us.
Our independent directors have an obligation to function on our behalf in all situations in which a conflict of interest may arise, and all of our directors have a fiduciary obligation to act on behalf of our stockholders.
Interests in Other Real Estate Programs
Affiliates of our Advisor act as executive officers of our Advisor and as directors and/or officers of Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT, Inc., which is the other publicly registered, non-traded REIT currently offered, distributed and/or managed by affiliates of our Advisor. Affiliates of our officers and entities owned or managed by such affiliates may acquire or develop real estate for their own accounts, and have done so in the past. Furthermore, affiliates of our officers and entities owned or managed by such affiliates may form additional real estate investment entities in the future, whether public or private, which may have the same investment objectives and policies as we do and which may be involved in the same geographic area, and such persons may be engaged in sponsoring one or more of such entities at approximately the same time as our shares of common stock are being offered. Our Advisor, its affiliates and affiliates of our officers are not obligated to present to us any particular investment opportunity that comes to their attention, unless such opportunity is of a character that might be suitable for investment by us. Our Advisor and its affiliates likely will experience conflicts of interest as they simultaneously perform services for us and other affiliated real estate programs.
Any affiliated entity, whether or not currently existing, could compete with us in the sale or operation of the properties. We will seek to achieve any operating efficiencies or similar savings that may result from affiliated management of competitive properties. However, to the extent that affiliates own or acquire a property that is adjacent, or in close proximity, to a property we own, our property may compete with the affiliate’s property for tenants or purchasers.
Every transaction that we enter into with our Advisor or its affiliates is subject to an inherent conflict of interest. Our board of directors may encounter conflicts of interest in enforcing our rights against any affiliate in the event of a default by or disagreement with an affiliate or in invoking powers, rights or options pursuant to any agreement between us and our Advisor or any of its affiliates.
Other Activities of Our Advisor and Its Affiliates
We rely on our Advisor for the day-to-day operation of our business. As a result of the interests of members of its management in other programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor and the fact that they also are engaged, and will continue to engage, in other business activities, our Advisor and its affiliates have conflicts of interest in allocating their time between us and other programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor and other activities in which they are involved. However, our Advisor believes that it and its affiliates have sufficient personnel to discharge fully their responsibilities to all of the programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor and other ventures in which they are involved.
In addition, each of our executive officers also serves as an officer of our Advisor, our Property Manager and/or other affiliated entities. As a result, these individuals owe fiduciary duties to these other entities, which may conflict with the fiduciary duties that they owe to us and our stockholders.
We may acquire properties or interests in properties from entities affiliated with our Advisor. We will not acquire any properties from entities affiliated with our Advisor unless a majority of our directors, including a majority of our independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction, determine that the transaction is fair and reasonable to us. The purchase price of any property we acquire from our Advisor, its affiliates or a director will not exceed the current appraised value of the property. In addition, the price of the property we acquire from an affiliate may not exceed the cost of the property to the affiliate, unless a majority of our directors, including a majority of our independent directors, determines that substantial justification for the excess exists and the excess is reasonable. During the year ended December 31, 2017, we did not purchase any properties from our Advisor, its affiliates or any directors.


Competition in Acquiring, Leasing and Operating of Properties
Conflicts of interest will exist to the extent that we may acquire, or seek to acquire, properties in the same geographic areas where properties owned by Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT, Inc., the other publicly registered, non-traded REIT offered, distributed and/or managed by affiliates of our Advisor, or any other future programs which may be sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor, are located. In such a case, a conflict could arise in the acquisition or leasing of properties if we and another program sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor were to compete for the same properties or tenants in negotiating leases, or a conflict could arise in connection with the resale of properties if we and another program sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor were to attempt to sell similar properties at the same time. Conflicts of interest also may exist at such time as we or our affiliates, managing properties on our behalf, seek to employ developers, contractors or building managers, as well as under other circumstances. Our Advisor will seek to reduce conflicts relating to the employment of developers, contractors or building managers by making such prospective employees aware of all such properties seeking to employ such prospective employees. In addition, our Advisor will seek to reduce conflicts that may arise with respect to properties available for sale or rent by making prospective purchasers or tenants aware of all such properties. However, these conflicts cannot be fully avoided in that there may be established differing compensation arrangements for employees at different properties or differing terms for resales or leasing of the various properties.
Our Dealer Manager
Since our Dealer Manager is an affiliate of our Advisor,we will not have the benefit of an independent due diligence review and investigation of the type normally performed by an unaffiliated, independent underwriter in connection with the offering of securities.
Affiliated Property Manager
The properties we acquire are managed and leased by our Property Manager, which is an affiliate of our Advisor, pursuant to a property management and leasing agreement. Our Property Manager is affiliated with the property manager of an affiliated real estate program, Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT, Inc., which may be in competition with our properties. Management fees paid to our Property Manager are based on a percentage of the rental income received by the managed properties.
Joint Ventures with Affiliates of Our Advisor
We may enter into joint ventures with other programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor (as well as other parties) for the acquisition, development or improvement of properties. We will not enter into a joint venture with our Sponsor, our Advisor, any director or any affiliate thereof, unless a majority of our directors, including a majority of our independent directors, not otherwise interested in such transaction, approve the transaction as being fair and reasonable to us and on substantially the same terms and conditions as those received by the other joint ventures. Our Advisor and its affiliates may have conflicts of interest in determining which programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor should enter into any particular joint venture agreement. The co-venturer may have economic or business interests or goals that are or that may become inconsistent with our business interests or goals. In addition, should any such joint venture be consummated, our Advisor may face a conflict in structuring the terms of the relationship between our interests and the interest of the co-venturer and in managing the joint venture. Since our Advisor and its affiliates will control both us and any affiliated co-venturer, agreements and transactions between the co-venturers with respect to any such joint venture will not have the benefit of arm’s-length negotiation of the type normally conducted between unrelated co-venturers.
Receipt of Fees and Other Compensation by Our Advisor and Its Affiliates
A transaction involving the purchase and sale of properties may result in the receipt of commissions, fees and other compensation by our Advisor and its affiliates, including acquisition and advisory fees, property management and leasing fees, disposition fees, brokerage commissions and participation in net sale proceeds. Subject to oversight by our board of directors, our Advisor will have considerable discretion with respect to all decisions relating to the terms and timing of all transactions. Therefore, our Advisor may have conflicts of interest concerning certain actions taken on our behalf, particularly due to the fact that such fees generally will be payable to our Advisor and its affiliates regardless of the quality of the properties acquired or the services provided to us.
Employees
We have no direct employees. The employees of our Advisor and its affiliates provide services for us related to acquisition, property management, asset management, accounting, investor relations, and all other administrative services.
We are dependent on our Advisor and its affiliates for services that are essential to us, including asset acquisition decisions, property management and other general administrative responsibilities. In the event that these companies are unable to provide these services to us, we would be required to obtain such services from other sources.


Reportable Segments
We operate through two reportable business segments – commercial real estate investments in data centers and healthcare. See Note 11—"Segment Reporting" to the consolidated financial statements that are a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Insurance
See the section captioned “—Description of Leases” above.
Competition
As we continue to purchase properties for our portfolio, we are in competition with other potential buyers for the same properties, and may have to pay more to purchase the property than if there were no other potential acquirers or we may have to locate another property that meets our investment criteria. Although we generally acquire properties subject to existing leases, the leasing of real estate is highly competitive in the current market, and we may experience competition for tenants from owners and managers of competing projects. As a result, we may have to provide free rent, incur charges for tenant improvements, or offer other inducements, or we might not be able to timely lease the space, all of which may have an adverse impact on our results of operations. At the time we elect to dispose of our properties, we will also be in competition with sellers of similar properties to locate suitable purchasers for our properties.
Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Leases
As of December 31, 2017, we had cash on deposit, including restricted cash and escrowed funds, in certain financial institutions that had deposits in excess of current federally insured levels. We limit cash investments to financial institutions with high credit standing; therefore, we believe we are not exposed to any significant credit risk on our cash deposits. To date, we have not experienced any loss of or lack of access to cash in our accounts.
The following table shows the segment diversification of our real estate properties based on contractual rental revenue as of December 31, 2017:
Industry Total Number
of Leases
 Gross
Leased Area
(Sq Ft)
 
2017
Contractual
Rental
Revenue (in
thousands)
(1)
 Percentage
of 2017
Contractual
Rental
Revenue
Data Centers 42
 2,948,000
 $42,308
 46.2%
Healthcare 72
 2,124,070
 49,194
 53.8%
  114
 5,072,070
 $91,502
 100.0%
(1)Contractual rental revenue is based on the total revenue, excluding straight-line rental revenue, recognized and reported in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
Based on leases of our properties in effect as of December 31, 2017, the following table shows the geographic diversification of our real estate properties that accounted for 10% or more of our contractual rental revenue as of December 31, 2017:
Location Total Number
of Leases
 Gross
Leased Area
(Sq Ft)
 
2017
Contractual
Rental
Revenue (in
thousands)
(1)
 Percentage
of 2017
Contractual
Rental
Revenue
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, Georgia 15
 977,912
 $11,062
 12.1%
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 11
 398,543
 8,950
 10.0%
  26
 1,376,455
 $20,012
 22.1%
(1)Contractual rental revenue is based on the total revenue, excluding straight-line rental revenue, recognized and reported in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).


Environmental MattersRegulations
All real estate properties and the operations conducted on the real estate properties are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and human health and safety. In connection with ownership and operation of real estate, we may be potentially liable for costs and damages related to environmental matters. We intend to take commerciallyall reasonable steps to protect ourselves from the impact offully comply with these laws, including obtaining environmental assessments of all properties that we acquire. We obtain Phase I Environmental Assessment Reports, and as needed, further environmental due diligence, including but not limited to Phase II Environmental Assessment Reports, upon each property acquisition, and, if determined necessary, during our period of ownership, to ensure that the properties that we acquire and own are free of environmental contamination and hazardous substances. We also carry environmental liability insurance on our properties, which provides coverage for pollution liability, for third-party bodily injury and property damage claims.
Environmental, Social and Governance Matters
We are committed to maintaining healthy, prosperous, and sustainable communities through thoughtful stewardship of the environment and conscientious management of our own corporate culture. In early 2022, the Board established the Environmental, Social and Governance Steering Committee, or the ESG Steering Committee, led by members of our management team and other senior managers. The ESG Steering Committee meets at least quarterly to discuss our strategy, initiatives, and progress, in support of our on-going commitment to corporate governance, social responsibility, environmental matters, sustainability, health and safety.
Environmental
Taking aim at climate concerns and employees' desire for workplace flexibility, we established a hybrid workplace model. In January 2022, we leased Class A Office space in a newly constructed building that intends to deliver a restorative professional environment that cultivates productivity, collaboration, engagement, and balance. The neighborhood in which the new office building is located is part of a community that has achieved the WELL Design & Operations designation under the WELL Community Standard, the first neighborhood to do so globally. The WELL Building Standard takes a holistic approach to health in the built environment addressing behavior, operations and design. The building is WELL Gold v2 Certified and LEED Silver Certified.
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Social and Governance
Corporate Culture: Our strong tone at the top begins with the Board, which has demonstrated its focus on advancing openness, honesty, fairness and integrity within the Company. Ethical behavior is an important cornerstone of our Company’s continued success and each of us has an obligation to report any accounting irregularity, theft, discrimination, harassment or other violation of the law. We are committed to creating an open and accountable workplace where employees feel empowered to speak up and raise issues. With this in mind, we provide multiple channels to speak up, ask for guidance, and report concerns. We continue to prioritize having "The Right People, In The Right Places, Doing The Right Things." In 2022, we were recognized as fourteenth place in the Tampa Bay Business Journal 2022 Best Places to Work contest in the Large Business Category. The survey results from the competition revealed that our employees feel recognized for their performance, are valued and cared for as employees and individuals, and have great trust in senior leaders to guide the Company to future success. We have once again been nominated by our valued employees for this notable award in 2023.
Core Values: We believe that our employees are aligned around core values that inspire our behavior as individuals and as an organization. Our core values are essential to the Company's culture. These values are critical to the success of the Company and are aligned with the Company's mission and vision statements. They define expectations for how all employees collaborate, communicate, interact and perform their roles within the Company. They describe for each employee the expectation of how "I ACT" and that is with Integrity, with Accountability, with transparent and honest Communication and by embracing Teamwork.
Social Impact and Community: Our mission is to engage, inspire, and empower our employees to make a positive impact on our community where we work and live. We strive to support each of our employees in engaging in the community in areas where they are passionate about and taking on causes that are personally meaningful to them. Employees are encouraged to drive positive change by dedicating their time and money to non-profit organizations. The Company has a volunteer program whereby employees are provided three paid days each year to use for service to the community. Our social impact programs are in support of several non-for-profit organizations.
Human Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2022, we had 54 employees. None of our employees are represented by a labor union or covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We aim to act with the highest integrity and operate with the highest ethical standards as we strive to create and maintain an inclusive work environment that values the uniqueness of each individual, and his or her ideas and experiences. We endeavor to maintain workplaces that are free from discrimination or harassment on the basis of color, race, sex, national origin, ethnicity, religion, age, disability, sexual orientation, gender identification or expression, or any other status protected by applicable law. We conduct annual training designed to prevent harassment and discrimination and monitor employee conduct year-round. The basis for recruitment, hiring, development, training, compensation and advancement at the Company is qualifications, performance, skills and experience. We believe that our employees are fairly compensated, without regard to race, sex, national origin, ethnicity, religion, age, disability, sexual orientation, gender identification or expression, or any other status protected by applicable law and are routinely recognized for outstanding performance. Our compensation and benefits program is designed to attract and retain talent and we review our compensation and benefits against market and industry benchmarks to ensure they are competitive. Our employees are offered significant flexibility to meet personal and family needs.
Available Information
We electronically file our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports with the SEC. We have also filed our Registration Statement on Form S-11, amendments to our Registration StatementStatements and supplements to our prospectus in connection with our Offerings with the SEC. Copies of our filings with the SEC may be obtained from the SEC’s website, http://www.sec.gov.www.sec.gov. Access to these filings is free of charge. In addition, we make suchcertain materials that are electronically filed with the SEC available at www.cvmissioncriticalreitii.comwww.silarealtytrust.com as soon as reasonably practicable. They are also available for printing by any stockholder upon request.
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Item 1A. Risk Factors.Factors
The factors described below represent our principal risks. Other factors may exist that we do not consider to be significant based on information that is currently available or that we are not currently able to anticipate.
Risks Related to an Investment in Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II, Inc.
The prior performance of real estate investment programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor may not be an indication of our future results.
We were incorporated on January 11, 2013 and, therefore, have a limited operating history and our stockholders should not rely upon the past performance of other real estate investment programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor to predict our future results. Although members of our Advisor’s management have significant experience in the acquisition, finance, management and development of commercial real estate, the prior performance of real estate investment programs sponsored by the members of our advisor's management team and other affiliates of our Advisor may not be indicative of our future results.
We may not succeed in achieving our goals, and our failure to do so could cause our stockholders to lose all or a portion of their investment.
Because this is a “blind pool” offering, stockholders will not have the opportunity to evaluate our investments before we make them, which makes an investment in us more speculative.
We have not identified all of the properties we will acquire with the net proceeds from our offering. Additionally, we will not provide stockholders with information to evaluate our investments prior to our acquisition of properties. Since we currently have not identified all of the properties we intend to purchase, our offering is considered to be a “blind pool” offering. We intend to invest the net offering proceeds in net-leased properties, primarily in data centers and healthcare sectors, preferably with long-term leases to creditworthy tenants located throughout the continental United States. We also may, in the discretion of our advisor, invest in other types of real estate or in entities that invest in real estate.
The shares sold in our offering will not be listed on an exchange for the foreseeable future, if ever, and we are not required to provide for a liquidity event. Therefore, if stockholders purchase shares in our offering, it will be difficult for stockholders to sell their shares and, if stockholders are able to sell their shares, they will likely sell them at a substantial discount.
The shares offered by us are illiquid assets for which there is not expected to be any secondary market nor is it expected that any will develop in the future. Moreover, investors should not rely on our share repurchase program as a method to sell shares promptly because our share repurchase program includes numerous restrictions that limit stockholders' ability to sell shares to us, and our board of directors may amend, suspend or terminate our share repurchase program at any time. In particular, the share repurchase program provides that we may make repurchase offers only if a stockholder has held our shares for a minimum of one year, we have sufficient funds available for repurchase and to the extent the total number of shares for which repurchase is requested does not exceed 5% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding on December 31st of the previous calendar year. Our board of directors may reject any request for repurchase of shares, suspend (in whole or in part) the share repurchase program at any time and from time to time upon notice to our stockholders and amend or terminate our share repurchase program at any time upon 30 days’ notice to our stockholders. Therefore, it will be difficult for stockholders to sell their shares promptly or at all. If stockholders are able to sell shares, they may only be able to sell them at a


substantial discount from the price they paid. Investor suitability standards imposed by certain states may also make it more difficult to sell shares to someone in those states. The shares should be purchased as a long-term investment only.
In the future, our board of directors may consider various forms of liquidity, each of which is referred to as a liquidity event, including, but not limited to: (1) dissolution and winding up our assets; (2) merger or sale of all or substantially all of our assets; or (3) the listing of shares on a national securities exchange. In the event that a liquidity event does not occur on or before the seventh anniversary of the completion or termination of our primary offering, then a majority of our board and a majority of the independent directors must either (a) adopt a resolution that sets forth a proposed amendment to the charter extending or eliminating this deadline, or the Extension Amendment, declaring that the Extension Amendment is advisable and directing that the proposed Extension Amendment be submitted for consideration at either an annual or special meeting of our stockholders, or (b) adopt a resolution that declares that a proposed liquidation of the company is advisable on substantially the terms and conditions set forth in, or referred to, in the resolution, or the Plan of Liquidation, and directing that the proposed Plan of Liquidation be submitted for consideration at either an annual or special meeting of our stockholders. If our board seeks the Extension Amendment as described above and the stockholders do not approve such amendment, then our board shall seek the Plan of Liquidation as described above. If the stockholders do not then approve the Plan of Liquidation, the company will continue its business. If our board seeks the Plan of Liquidation as described above and the stockholders do not approve the Plan of Liquidation, then our board will seek the Extension Amendment as described above. If the stockholders do not then approve the Extension Amendment, the company will continue its business. In the event that listing on a national stock exchange occurs on or before the seventh anniversary of the completion or termination of the primary offering of our initial public offering, the company will continue perpetually unless dissolved pursuant to any applicable provision of the Maryland General Corporation Law.
We may be unable to liquidate all assets. After we adopt a Plan of Liquidation, we would likely remain in existence until all our investments are liquidated. If we do not pursue a liquidity transaction, or delay such a transaction due to market conditions, shares may continue to be illiquid and stockholders may, for an indefinite period of time, be unable to convert their investment to cash easily and could suffer losses on their investment.
We may suffer from delays in locating suitable investments, which could adversely affect our ability to make distributions and the value of our stockholders’ investment.
We may suffer from delays in locating suitable investments, particularly as a result of our reliance on our Advisor at times when management of our Advisor is simultaneously seeking to locate suitable investments for other affiliated programs. Delays we encounter in the selection, acquisition and, if we develop properties, development of income-producing properties, likely would adversely affect our ability to make distributions and the value of our stockholders’ overall returns. In such event, we may pay all or a substantial portion of our distributions from the proceeds of our Offering or from borrowings in anticipation of future cash flow, which may constitute a return of our stockholders’ capital. Distributions from the proceeds of our Offering or from borrowings also could reduce the amount of capital we ultimately invest in properties. This, in turn, would reduce the value of our stockholders’ investment. In particular, if we acquire properties prior to the start of construction or during the early stages of construction, it typically will take at least several months to complete construction and rent available space. Therefore, our stockholders could suffer delays in the receipt of cash distributions attributable to those particular properties. If our Advisor is unable to obtain suitable investments for us, we will hold the uninvested proceeds of our Offering in an interest-bearing account or invest such proceeds in short-term, investment-grade investments. If we cannot invest all of the proceeds from our Offering within a reasonable amount of time, or if our board of directors determines it is in the best interests of our stockholders, we will return the uninvested proceeds to investors and our stockholders may receive less than the amount they initially invested.
The Estimated Per Share NAV of each of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock are estimates as of a given point in time and likely will not represent the amount of net proceeds that would result if we were liquidated or dissolved or completed a merger or other sale of the company.
The offering prices per Class A share, Class I share, Class T share and Class T2 share are based on our Estimated Per Share NAV of each of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock as of June 30, 2017, as determined by our board of directors on September 28, 2017, which we refer to collectively as our Estimated Per Share NAV, and any applicable per share upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees.
The price at which stockholders purchase shares and any subsequent values are likely to differ from the price at which a stockholder could resell such shares because: (1) there is no public trading market for our shares at this time; (2) the price does not reflect, and will not reflect, the fair value of our assets as we acquire them, nor does it represent the amount of net proceeds that would result from an immediate liquidation of our assets or sale of the company, because the amount of proceeds available for investment from our Offering is net of selling commissions, dealer manager fees, other organization and offering expense reimbursements and acquisition fees and expenses; (3) the estimated value does not take into account how market fluctuations affect the value of our investments, including how the current conditions in the financial and real estate markets may affect the


value of our investments; (4) the estimated value does not take into account how developments related to individual assets may increase or decrease the value of our portfolio; and (5) the estimated value does not take into account any portfolio premium or premiums to value that may be achieved in a liquidation of our assets or sale of our portfolio. Further, the value of our shares will fluctuate over time as a result of, among other things, developments related to individual assets and responses to the real estate and capital markets. The Estimated Per Share NAV does not reflect a discount for the fact that we are externally managed, nor does it reflect a real estate portfolio premium/discount versus the sum of the individual property values. The Estimated Per Share NAV also does not take into account estimated disposition costs and fees for real estate properties that are not held for sale. There are currently no SEC, federal and state rules that establish requirements specifying the methodology to employ in determining an estimated value per share; provided, however, that pursuant to FINRA rules, the determination of the estimated value per share must be conducted by, or with the material assistance or confirmation of, a third-party valuation expert and must be derived from a methodology that conforms to standard industry practice. Subsequent estimates of our Estimated Per Share NAV will be done at least annually. Our Estimated Per Share NAV is an estimate as of a given point in time and likely does not represent the amount of net proceeds that would result from an immediate sale of our assets.
The purchase prices you pay for shares of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock, Class T common stock and Class T2 common stock are based on the Estimated Per Share NAV of each of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock at a given point in time, and any applicable per share upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees. Our Estimated Per Share NAV is based upon a number of estimates, assumptions, judgments and opinions that may not be, or may later prove not to be, accurate or complete, which could make the estimated valuations incorrect. As a result, our Estimated Per Share NAV may not reflect the amount that you might receive for your shares in a market transaction, and the purchase price you pay may be higher than the value of our assets per share of common stock at the time of your purchase.
The per share price for Class A shares, Class I shares, Class T shares and Class T2 shares in our primary offering and pursuant to our DRIP are based on our most recent Estimated Per Share NAV of each of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock as of June 30, 2017, and applicable upfront commissions and fees. Currently, there are no SEC, federal or state rules that establish requirements specifying the methodology to employ in determining an Estimated Per Share NAV. The audit committee of our board of directors, pursuant to authority delegated by our board of directors, was responsible for the oversight of the valuation process, including the review and approval of the valuation process and methodology used to determine our Estimated Per Share NAV, the consistency of the valuation and appraisal methodologies with real estate industry standards and practices and the reasonableness of the assumptions used in the valuations and appraisals. Pursuant to the prior approval of the audit committee of our board of directors, which is solely comprised of our independent directors, in accordance with the valuation policies previously adopted by our board of directors, we engaged Robert A. Stanger & Co., Inc., or Stanger, an independent third-party valuation firm, to assist with determining the Estimated Per Share NAV. Our Estimated Per Share NAV was determined after consultation with our advisor and Stanger. Stanger prepared an appraisal report summarizing key information and assumptions and providing a value on 49 of our 62 properties in our portfolio as of June 30, 2017. In addition, Stanger relied upon the appraisal reports prepared by third parties other than Stanger on 11 properties acquired in the six months preceding June 30, 2017 and the book value of two properties, which were under development as of June 30, 2017. Stanger also prepared a net asset value report, which estimates the per share NAV of each of our Class A, Class I and Class T common stock as of June 30, 2017. The valuation was based upon the estimated value of our assets less the estimated value of our liabilities divided by the number of shares outstanding on an adjusted fully diluted basis, calculated as of June 30, 2017, and was performed in accordance with the valuation guidelines established by the Investment Program Association Practice Guideline 2013-01, Valuations of Publicly Registered Non-Listed REITs. The Estimated Per Share NAV was determined by our board of directors. Subsequent estimates of our per share NAV for each of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock, Class T common stock and Class T2 common stock will be prepared at least annually. Our Estimated Per Share NAV is an estimate as of a given point in time and likely does not represent the amount of net proceeds that would result from an immediate sale of our assets. The Estimated Per Share NAV is not intended to be related to any values at which individual assets may be carried on financial statements under applicable accounting standards. While the determination of our most recent Estimated Per Share NAV was conducted with the material assistance of a third-party valuation expert, with respect to asset valuations, we are not required to obtain asset-by-asset appraisals prepared by certified independent appraisers, nor must any appraisals conform to formats or standards promulgated by any trade organization. Other than the information included in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 28, 2017 regarding the Estimated Per Share NAV, we do not intend to release individual property value estimates or any of the data supporting the Estimated Per Share NAV.
It may be difficult to accurately reflect material events that may impact our estimated per share NAV between valuations, and accordingly we may be selling and repurchasing shares at too high or too low a price.
Our independent third-party valuation expert will calculate estimates of the market value of our principal real estate and real estate-related assets, and our board of directors will determine the net value of our real estate and real estate-related assets and liabilities taking into consideration such estimates provided by the independent third-party valuation expert. Our board of


directors is ultimately responsible for determining the estimated per share NAV. Since our board of directors will determine our estimated per share NAV at least annually, there may be changes in the value of our properties that are not fully reflected in the most recent estimated per share NAV. As a result, the published estimated per share NAV may not fully reflect changes in value that may have occurred since the prior valuation. Furthermore, our advisor will monitor our portfolio, but it may be difficult to reflect changing market conditions or material events that may impact the value of our portfolio between valuations, or to obtain timely or complete information regarding any such events. Therefore, the estimated per share NAV published before the announcement of an extraordinary event may differ significantly from our actual per share NAV until such time as sufficient information is available and analyzed, the financial impact is fully evaluated, and the appropriate adjustment is made to our estimated per share NAV, as determined by our board of directors. Any resulting disparity may be to the detriment of a purchaser of our shares or a stockholder selling shares pursuant to our share repurchase program.
We expect that most of our properties will continue to be located in the continental United States and would be affected by economic downturns, as well as economic cycles and risks inherent to that area.
We expect to use a significant portion of the net proceeds of our Offering to acquire commercial real estate located in the continental United States; however, we may purchase properties in other jurisdictions. Real estate markets are subject to economic downturns, as they have been in the past, and we cannot predict how economic conditions will impact this market in both the short and long term. Declines in the economy or a decline in the real estate market in the continental United States could hurt our financial performance and the value of our properties. The factors affecting economic conditions in the continental United States include, but are not limited to:
financial performance and productivity of the publishing, advertising, financial, technology, retail, insurance and real estate industries;
business layoffs or downsizing;
industry slowdowns;
relocations of businesses;
changing demographics;
increased telecommuting and use of alternative work places;
infrastructure quality;
any oversupply of, or reduced demand for, real estate;
concessions or reduced rental rates under new leases for properties where tenants defaulted;
increased insurance premiums; and
increased interest rates.
Our stockholders may be more likely to sustain a loss on their investment because our Sponsor does not have as strong an economic incentive to avoid losses as do sponsors who have made significant equity investments in their companies.
Our Sponsor has only invested $200,000 in us through the purchase of 20,000 Class A shares of our common stock at $10.00 per share and may not have as much economic incentive as do sponsors who have invested more equity in their companies. Additionally, if we are successful in raising enough proceeds to be able to reimburse our Sponsor for our significant organization and offering expenses, our Sponsor will have little exposure to loss in value of our shares. Without this exposure, our investors may be at a greater risk of loss because our Sponsor may have less to lose from a decrease in the value of our shares as does a sponsor that makes more significant equity investments in its company.
Distributions paid from sources other than our cash flows from operations, including from the proceeds of this Offering, will result in us having fewer funds available for the acquisition of properties and real estate-related investments, which may adversely affect our ability to fund future distributions with cash flows from operations and may adversely affect a stockholder's overall return.
We have paid, and may continue to pay, distributions from sources other than from our cash flows from operations. For the year ended December 31, 2017, our cash flows provided by operations of approximately $51.8 million was a shortfall of approximately $9.5 million, or 15.5%, of our distributions paid (total distributions were approximately $61.3 million, of which $29.0 million was cash and $32.3 million was reinvested in shares of our common stock pursuant to our DRIP) during such period and such shortfall was paid from proceeds from our DRIP Offering. For the year ended December 31, 2016, our cash flows provided by operations of approximately $25.0 million was a shortfall of approximately $15.6 million, or 38.4%, of our distributions paid (total distributions were approximately $40.6 million, of which $17.7 million was cash and $22.9 million was reinvested in shares of our common stock pursuant to our DRIP) during such period and such shortfall was paid from proceeds


from our DRIP Offering. Until we acquire additional properties or real estate-related investments, we may not generate sufficient cash flows from operations to pay distributions. Our inability to acquire additional properties or real estate-related investments may result in a lower return on a stockholder's investment than he or she may expect.
We may pay, and have no limits on the amounts we may pay, distributions from any source, such as from borrowings, the sale of assets, the sale of additional securities, advances from our Advisor, our Advisor’s deferral, suspension and/or waiver of its fees and expense reimbursements and Offering proceeds. Funding distributions from borrowings could restrict the amount we can borrow for investments, which may affect our profitability. Funding distributions with the sale of assets may affect our ability to generate cash flows. Funding distributions from the sale of additional securities could dilute stockholders' interest in us if we sell shares of our common stock to third party investors. Funding distributions from the proceeds of our Offering will result in us having less funds available for acquiring properties or real estate-related investments. Our inability to acquire additional properties or real estate-related investments may have a negative effect on our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations from which to pay distributions. As a result, the return investors may realize on their investment may be reduced and investors who invest in us before we generate significant cash flow may realize a lower rate of return than later investors. Payment of distributions from any of the aforementioned sources could restrict our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations, affect our profitability and/or affect the distributions payable upon a liquidity event, any or all of which may have an adverse effect on an investment in us.
If we are unable to raise substantial funds, we will be limited in the number and type of investments we may make and the value of our stockholders’ investment in us will fluctuate with the performance of the specific properties we acquire.
We are dependent upon the net proceeds we receive from our Offering to conduct our activities. If we are unable to raise substantial proceeds from our Offering, we will make fewer investments resulting in less diversification in terms of the number of investments owned, the geographic regions in which our investments are located and the types of investments that we make. In such event, the likelihood of our profitability being affected by the performance of any one of our investments will increase. Additionally, subject to our investment policies, we are not limited in the number or size of our investments or the percentage of net proceeds we may dedicate to a single investment. Our stockholders’ investment in our shares will be subject to greater risks to the extent that we lack a diversified portfolio of investments. In addition, our inability to raise substantial funds would increase our fixed operating expenses as a percentage of gross income, and our financial condition and ability to pay distributions could be adversely affected.
A high concentration of our properties in a particular geographic area, or of tenants in a similar industry, would magnify the effects of downturns in that geographic area or industry.
As of December 31, 2017, we owned 53 real estate investments, located in 37 metropolitan statistical areas, or MSAs, and one micropolitan statistical area, of which two MSAs accounted for 10.0% or more of our contractual rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017. Real estate investments located in the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, Georgia MSA and the Oklahoma City, Oklahoma MSA accounted for 12.1% and 10.0%, respectively, of our contractual rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017. Accordingly, there is a geographic concentration of risk subject to fluctuations in each MSA’s economy. Geographic concentration of our properties exposes us to economic downturns in the areas where our properties are located. A regional or local recession in any of these areas could adversely affect our ability to generate or increase operating revenues, attract new tenants or dispose of unproductive properties. Similarly, if tenants of our properties become concentrated in a certain industry or industries, any adverse effect to that industry generally would have a disproportionately adverse effect on our portfolio.
If our Advisor loses or is unable to obtain key personnel, our ability to implement our investment strategies could be delayed or hindered, which could adversely affect our ability to make distributions and the value of our stockholders’ investment.
Our success depends to a significant degree upon the contributions of certain of our executive officers and other key personnel of our Advisor, including John E. Carter, Todd M. Sakow, Michael A. Seton and Lisa A. Drummond, who would be difficult to replace. Our Advisor does not have an employment agreement with any of these key personnel and we cannot guarantee that all, or any particular one, will remain affiliated with us and/or our Advisor. If any of our key personnel were to cease their affiliation with our Advisor, our operating results could suffer. Further, we do not currently intend to separately maintain key person life insurance on John E. Carter, Todd M. Sakow, Michael A. Seton and Lisa A. Drummond or any other person. We believe that our future success depends, in large part, upon our Advisor’s ability to hire and retain highly skilled managerial, operational and marketing personnel. Competition for such personnel is intense, and we cannot assure our stockholders that our Advisor will be successful in attracting and retaining such skilled personnel. If our Advisor loses or is unable to obtain the services of key personnel, our ability to implement our investment strategies could be delayed or hindered, and the value of our stockholders’ investment may decline.


Our rights and the rights of our stockholders to recover claims against our officers, directors and our Advisor are limited, which could reduce our stockholders’ and our recovery against them if they cause us to incur losses.
Maryland law provides that a director has no liability in that capacity if he or she performs his or her duties in good faith, in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in the corporation’s best interests and with the care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. In addition, subject to certain limitations set forth therein or under Maryland law, our charter provides that no director or officer will be liable to us or our stockholders for money damages, requires us to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors, officers and Advisor and our Advisor’s affiliates and permits us, with approval of our board of directors or a committee of the board of directors' to indemnify our employees and agents. Although our charter does not allow us to indemnify or hold harmless an indemnitee to a greater extent than permitted under Maryland law and the North American Securities Administrators Association REIT Guidelines, or the NASAA REIT Guidelines, we and our stockholders may have more limited rights against our directors, officers, employees and agents, and our Advisor and its affiliates than might otherwise exist under common law, which could reduce our stockholders’ and our ability to recover against them. In addition, we may be obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by our directors, officers, employees and agents or our Advisor and its affiliates in some cases, which would decrease the cash otherwise available for distribution to stockholders.
The failure of any bank in which we deposit our funds could reduce the amount of cash we have available to pay distributions, make additional investments and service our debt.
We currently have cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash deposited in certain financial institutions in excess of federally insurable levels. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation only insures interest-bearing accounts in amounts up to $250,000 per depositor per insured bank. While we monitor our cash balance in our operating accounts, if any of the banking institutions in which we deposit funds ultimately fails, we may lose our deposits over $250,000. The loss of our deposits may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
Cybersecurity risks and cyber incidents may adversely affect our business by causing a disruption to our operations, a compromise or corruption of our confidential information, and/or damage to our business relationships, all of which could negatively impact our financial results.
A cyber incident is considered to be any adverse event that threatens the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our information resources. These incidents may be an intentional attack or an unintentional event and could involve gaining unauthorized access to our information systems for purposes of misappropriating assets, stealing confidential information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. The result of these incidents may include disrupted operations, misstated or unreliable financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, increased cybersecurity protection and insurance costs, litigation and damage to our tenant and investor relationships. As our reliance on technology has increased, so have the risks posed to our information systems, both internal and those we have outsourced. There is no guarantee that any processes, procedures and internal controls we have implemented or will implement will prevent cyber intrusions, which could have a negative impact on our financial results, operations, business relationships or confidential information.
Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest
We are subject to conflicts of interest arising out of our relationships with our Advisor and its affiliates, including the material conflicts discussed below. See the “Conflicts of Interest” section of Part I, Item I. of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our Advisor faces potential conflicts of interest relating to the purchase and leasing of properties, and such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor, which could adversely affect our investment opportunities.
Affiliates of our Advisor have sponsored and may sponsor one or more other real estate investment programs in the future. We may buy properties at the same time as one or more of the other programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor and managed by officers and key personnel of our Advisor. There is a risk that our Advisor will choose a property that provides lower returns to us than a property purchased by another program sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor. We cannot be sure that officers and key personnel acting on behalf of our Advisor and on behalf of managers of other programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor will act in our best interests when deciding whether to allocate any particular property to us. In addition, we may acquire properties in geographic areas where other programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor own properties. Also, we may acquire properties from, or sell properties to, other programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor. If one of the other programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor attracts a tenant that we are competing for, we could suffer a loss of revenue due to delays in locating another suitable tenant. Our stockholders will not have the opportunity to evaluate the manner in which these conflicts of interest are resolved before or after making their investment.


Our Advisor faces conflicts of interest relating to joint ventures with its affiliates, which could result in a disproportionate benefit to the other venture partners at our expense.
We may enter into joint ventures with other programs sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor for the acquisition, development or improvement of properties. Our Advisor may have conflicts of interest in determining which program sponsored by affiliates of our Advisor should enter into any particular joint venture agreement. In addition, our Advisor may face a conflict in structuring the terms of the relationship between our interests and the interest of the affiliated co-venturer managing the joint venture. Since our Advisor and its affiliates will control both the affiliated co-venturer and, to a certain extent, us, agreements and transactions between the co-venturers with respect to any such joint venture will not have the benefit of arm’s-length negotiation of the type normally conducted between unrelated co-venturers, which may result in the co-venturer receiving benefits greater than the benefits that we receive. In addition, we may assume liabilities related to the joint venture that exceed the percentage of our investment in the joint venture.
Our Advisor and its officers and certain of its key personnel face competing demands relating to their time, and this may cause our operating results to suffer.
Our Advisor and its officers and employees and certain of our key personnel and their respective affiliates are key personnel, general partners and sponsors of other real estate programs having investment objectives and legal and financial obligations similar to ours and may have other business interests as well. Because these persons have competing demands on their time and resources, they may have conflicts of interest in allocating their time between our business and these other activities. During times of intense activity in other programs and ventures, they may devote less time and fewer resources to our business than is necessary or appropriate. If this occurs, the returns on our investments may suffer.
Our officers and directors face conflicts of interest related to the positions they hold with affiliated entities, which could hinder our ability to successfully implement our business strategy and generate returns to our stockholders.
Certain of our executive officers and directors, including John E. Carter, who also serves as the chairman of our board of directors, Todd M. Sakow, Michael A. Seton and Lisa A. Drummond, also are officers and/or directors of our Advisor, our Property Manager, and/or other affiliated entities. As a result, these individuals owe fiduciary duties to these other entities and their stockholders and limited partners, which fiduciary duties may conflict with the duties that they owe to us and our stockholders. Their loyalties to these other entities could result in actions or inactions that are detrimental to our business, which could harm the implementation of our business strategy and our investment and leasing opportunities. Conflicts with our business and interests are most likely to arise from involvement in activities related to:
allocation of new investments and management time and services between us and the other entities,
our purchase of properties from, or sale of properties to, affiliated entities,
the timing and terms of the investment in or sale of an asset,
development of our properties by affiliates,
investments with affiliates of our Advisor,
compensation to our Advisor, and
our relationship with our Property Manager.
If we do not successfully implement our business strategy, we may be unable to generate cash needed to make distributions to our stockholders and to maintain or increase the value of our assets.
Our Advisor faces conflicts of interest relating to the performance fee structure under the Advisory Agreement, which could result in actions that are not necessarily in the long-term best interests of our stockholders.
Under the Advisory Agreement, our Advisor or its affiliates are entitled to fees that are structured in a manner intended to provide incentives to our Advisor to perform in our best interests and in the best interests of our stockholders. However, because our Advisor does not maintain a significant equity interest in us and is entitled to receive substantial minimum compensation regardless of performance, our Advisor’s interests are not wholly aligned with those of our stockholders. In that regard, our Advisor could be motivated to recommend riskier or more speculative investments, or to use additional debt when acquiring assets, in order for us to generate the specified levels of performance or sales proceeds that would entitle our Advisor to fees. In addition, our Advisor’s or its affiliates’ entitlement to fees upon the sale of our assets and to participate in sale proceeds could result in our Advisor recommending sales of our investments at the earliest possible time at which sales of investments would produce the level of return that would entitle our Advisor to compensation relating to such sales, even if continued ownership of those investments might be in our best long-term interest. The Advisory Agreement requires us to pay a performance-based termination fee to our Advisor or its affiliates if we terminate the Advisory Agreement and have not paid our Advisor a subordinated incentive listing fee to our Advisor in connection with the listing of our shares for trading on an


exchange. To avoid paying this fee, our independent directors may decide against terminating the Advisory Agreement prior to our listing of our shares even if, but for the termination fee, termination of the Advisory Agreement would be in our best interest. In addition, the requirement to pay the fee to our Advisor or its affiliates at termination could cause us to make different investment or disposition decisions than we would otherwise make in order to satisfy our obligation to pay the fee to the terminated Advisor. Moreover, our Advisor will have the right to terminate the Advisory Agreement upon a change of control of our company and thereby trigger the payment of the performance fee, which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing the change of control.
There is no separate counsel for us and our affiliates, which could result in conflicts of interest.
Morris, Manning & Martin, LLP acts as legal counsel to us and also represents our Advisor and some of its affiliates. There is a possibility in the future that the interests of the various parties may become adverse and, under the Code of Professional Responsibility of the legal profession, Morris, Manning & Martin, LLP may be precluded from representing any one or all such parties. If any situation arises in which our interests appear to be in conflict with those of our Advisor or its affiliates, additional counsel may be retained by one or more of the parties to assure that their interests are adequately protected. Moreover, should a conflict of interest not be readily apparent, Morris, Manning & Martin, LLP may inadvertently act in derogation of the interest of the parties, which could affect our ability to meet our investment objectives.
Risks Related to Our Offering and Our Corporate Structure
The limit on the number of shares a person may own may discourage a takeover that could otherwise result in a premium price to our stockholders and may hinder a stockholder's ability to dispose of his or her shares.
Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. In this respect, among other things, unless exempted (prospectively or retroactively) by our board of directors,the Board, no person may own (i) more than 9.8% in value of the aggregate of our outstanding shares (of any class or series, including common shares or preferred shares) of stock, or (ii) more than 9.8% (in value or number, whichever is more restrictive) of the aggregate of the outstanding shares of only our common stock. This restriction may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all our assets) that might provide a premium price for holders of our common stock, and may make it more difficult for a stockholder to sell or dispose of his or her shares.
Our charter permits our board of directorsthe Board to issue stock with terms that may subordinate the rights of common stockholders or discourage a third party from acquiring us in a manner that might result in a premium price to our stockholders.
Our charter permits our board of directorsthe Board to issue up to 500,000,000510,000,000 shares of common stock, of which 175,000,000185,000,000 are designated as Class A shares, 75,000,000 are designated as Class I shares, 175,000,000 are designated as Class T shares, and 75,000,000 are designated as Class T2 shares, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Currently, we do not have any Class T2 shares of stock or preferred stock outstanding. In addition, our board of directors,the Board, without any action by our stockholders, may amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares or the number of shares of any class or series of stock that we have authority to issue. Our board of directorsThe Board may classify or reclassify any unissued common stock or preferred stock into other classes or series of stock and establish the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of repurchase of any such stock. Thus, if also approved by a majority of our independent directors not otherwise interested in the transaction, who will have access, at our expense, to our legal counsel or independent legal counsel, our board of directorsthe Board could authorize the issuance of additional preferred stock with terms and conditions that could have a priority as to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation over the rights of the holders of our common stock. Preferred stock could also have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all our assets) that might provide a premium price for holders of our common stock.
Maryland law prohibits certain business combinations, which may make it more difficult for us to be acquired and may limit our stockholders’ ability to exit the investment.
The Maryland Business Combination Act provides that certain business combinations between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations include a merger, consolidation, share exchange or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined as:
any person who beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of the voting power of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock; or


an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding stock of the corporation.
A person is not an interested stockholder under the statute if our board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which the person otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving a transaction, our board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of the approval, with any terms and conditions determined by our board of directors.
After the five-year prohibition, any such business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by our board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:
80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding voting stock of the corporation; and
two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom (or with whose affiliate) the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder.
These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under the Maryland Business Combination Act, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares. The Maryland Business Combination Act permits various exemptions from its provisions, including business combinations that are exempted by our board of directors prior to the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. Our board of directors has exempted from the Maryland Business Combination Act any business combination involving our Advisor or any of its affiliates. Consequently, the five-year prohibition and the super-majority vote requirements will not apply to business combinations between us and our Advisor or any of its affiliates. As a result, our Advisor and any of its affiliates may be able to enter into business combinations with us that may not be in the best interests of our stockholders, without compliance with the super-majority vote requirements and the other provisions of the Maryland Business Combination Act. The Maryland Business Combination Act may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer.
Maryland law limits the ability of a third-party to buy a large stake in us and exercise voting power in electing directors.
The Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act provides that a holder of "control shares" of a Maryland corporation acquired in a "control share acquisition" has no voting rights except to the extent approved by stockholders by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Shares of stock owned by the acquirer, by officers or by employees who are directors of the corporation are excluded from shares entitled to vote on the matter. "Control shares" are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other shares of stock owned by the acquirer or in respect of which the acquirer can exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the acquirer, directly or indirectly, to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power of shares of stock in electing directors within specified ranges of voting power. Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval. A "control share acquisition" means the acquisition of issued and outstanding control shares. The Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act does not apply (a) to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or statutory share exchange if the corporation is a party to the transaction, or (b) to acquisitions approved or exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation. Our bylaws contain a provision exempting from the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act any and all acquisitions of our stock by any person. There can be no assurance that this provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future.
Our stockholders’ investment return may be reduced if we are required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries are registered, and do not intend to register, as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. If we or any of our subsidiaries become obligated to register as an investment company, we would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act imposing, among other things:
limitations on capital structure;
restrictions on specified investments;
prohibitions on transactions with affiliates; and
compliance with reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly change our operations.
We intend to continue to conduct our operations directly and through our wholly or majority-owned subsidiaries, so that we and each of our subsidiaries do not fall within the definition of an "investment company" under the Investment Company


Act. Under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act, a company is deemed to be an "investment company" if it is, or holds itself out as being, engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Under Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act, a company is deemed to be an "investment company" if it is engaged, or proposes to engage, in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire "investment securities" having a value exceeding 40% of the value of its total assets (exclusive of government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, or the "40% Test."
We intend to continue to conduct our operations so that we and most, if not all, of our wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries will comply with the 40% Test. We will continuously monitor our holdings on an ongoing basis to determine that we and each of our wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries comply with this test. We expect that most, if not all, of our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries will not be relying on exemptions under either Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act. Consequently, interests in these subsidiaries (which are expected to constitute most, if not all, of our assets) generally will not constitute "investment securities." Accordingly, we believe that we and most, if not all, of our wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries will not be considered investment companies under Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act.
Since we are primarily engaged in the business of acquiring real estate, we believe that we and most, if not all, of our wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries will not be considered investment companies under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act. If we or any of our wholly or majority-owned subsidiaries would ever inadvertently fall within one of the definitions of "investment company," we intend to rely on the exception provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act.
Under Section 3(c)(5)(C), the SEC staff generally requires a company to maintain at least 55% of its assets directly in qualifying assets and at least 80% of the entity’s assets in qualifying assets and in a broader category of real estate-related assets to qualify for this exception. Mortgage-related securities may or may not constitute such qualifying assets, depending on the characteristics of the mortgage-related securities, including the rights that we have with respect to the underlying loans. Our ownership of mortgage-related securities, therefore, is limited by provisions of the Investment Company Act and SEC staff interpretations.
The method we use to classify our assets for purposes of the Investment Company Act will be based in large measure upon no-action positions taken by the SEC staff in the past. These no-action positions were issued in accordance with factual situations that may be substantially different from the factual situations we may face, and a number of these no-action positions were issued more than twenty years ago. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the SEC staff will concur with our classification of our assets. In addition, the SEC staff may, in the future, issue further guidance that may require us to re-classify our assets for purposes of qualifying for an exclusion from regulation under the Investment Company Act. If we are required to re-classify our assets, we may no longer be in compliance with the exclusion from the definition of an "investment company" provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act.
A change in the value of any of our assets could cause us or one or more of our wholly or majority-owned subsidiaries to fall within the definition of an "investment company" and negatively affect our ability to maintain our exemption from regulation under the Investment Company Act. To avoid being required to register the Company or any of our subsidiaries as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we may be unable to sell assets we would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets we would otherwise wish to retain. In addition, we may have to acquire additional income- or loss-generating assets that we might not otherwise have acquired or may have to forgo opportunities to acquire interests in companies that we would otherwise want to acquire and would be important to our investment strategy.
To the extent that the SEC staff provides more specific guidance regarding any of the matters bearing upon the definition of investment company and the exceptions to that definition, we may be required to adjust our investment strategy accordingly. For example, on August 31, 2011, the SEC issued a concept release requesting comments regarding a number of matters relating to the exemption provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, including the nature of assets that qualify for purposes of the exemption and whether mortgage REITs should be regulated in a manner similar to investment companies. Additional guidance from the SEC staff could provide additional flexibility to us, or it could further inhibit our ability to pursue the investment strategy we have chosen.
If we are required to register as an investment company but fail to do so, we will be prohibited from engaging in our business, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against us. In addition, our contracts would be unenforceable unless a court required enforcement, and a court could appoint a receiver to take control of us and liquidate our business.
If our stockholders do not agree with the decisions of our board of directors, our stockholders will only have limited control over changes in our policies and operations and may not be able to change such policies and operations.
Our board of directors determines our major policies, including our policies regarding investments, financing, growth, debt capitalization, REIT qualification and distributions. Our board of directors may amend or revise these and other policies


without a vote of the stockholders except to the extent that such policies are set forth in our charter. Under the Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter, our stockholders have a right to vote only on the following:
the election or removal of directors;
the amendment of our charter (including a change in our investment objectives), except that our board of directors may amend our charter without stockholder approval to (a) increase or decrease the aggregate number of our shares or the number of shares of any class or series that we have the authority to issue, (b) effect certain reverse stock splits, and (c) change our name or the name or other designation or the par value of any class or series of our stock and the aggregate par value of our stock;
our liquidation or dissolution; and
certain mergers, reorganizations of our company (including statutory share exchanges), consolidations or sales or other dispositions of all or substantially all our assets, as provided in our charter and under Maryland law.
All other matters are subject to the discretion of our board of directors.
Our board of directors may change our investment policies without stockholder approval, which could alter the nature of our stockholders' investments.
Our charter requires that our independent directors review our investment policies at least annually to determine that the policies we are following are in the best interest of the stockholders. These policies may change over time. The methods of implementing our investment objectives and strategies also may vary, as new real estate development trends emerge and new investment techniques are developed. Except to the extent that policies and investment limitations are included in our charter, our investment policies, the methods for their implementation, and our other objectives, policies and procedures may be altered by our board of directors without the approval of our stockholders. As a result, the nature of our stockholders' investment could change without their consent.
Because of our holding company structure, we depend on our operating subsidiary and its subsidiaries for cash flow and we will be structurally subordinated in right of payment to the obligations of such operating subsidiary and its subsidiaries.
We are a holding company with no business operations of our own. Our only significant asset is and will be the general partnership interests of our Operating Partnership. We intend to conduct substantially all of our business operations through our Operating Partnership. Accordingly, our only source of cash to pay our obligations will be distributions from our Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries of their net earnings and cash flows. We cannot give assurance that our Operating Partnership or its subsidiaries will be able to, or be permitted to, make distributions to us that will enable us to make distributions to our stockholders from cash flows from operations. Each of our Operating Partnership’s subsidiaries will be a distinct legal entity and, under certain circumstances, legal and contractual restrictions may limit our ability to obtain cash from such entities. In addition, because we are a holding company, stockholders’ claims as stockholders will be structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities and obligations of our Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries. Therefore, in the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization, our assets and those of our Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries will be able to satisfy our stockholders’ claims as stockholders only after all of our and our Operating Partnership’s and its subsidiaries’ liabilities and obligations have been paid in full.
Our stockholders’ interest in us will be diluted if we issue additional shares.
Existing stockholders and potential investors in our Offering do not have preemptive rights to any shares issued by us in the future. Our charter authorizes 600,000,000610,000,000 shares of stock, of which 500,000,000510,000,000 shares are classified as common stock and 100,000,000 are classified as preferred stock. Of the 500,000,000 shares of common stock, 175,000,000 shares are designated as Class A shares, 75,000,000 shares are designated as Class I shares, 175,000,000 shares are designated as Class T shares and 75,000,000 shares are designated as Class T2 shares. Other than the differing fees with respect to each class and the payment of a distribution and servicing fee out of cash otherwise distributable to Class T stockholders and Class T2 stockholders, Class A shares, Class I shares, Class T shares and Class T2 shares have identical rights and privileges, such as identical voting rights. The net proceeds from the sale of the four classes of shares will be commingled for investment purposes and all earnings from all of the investments will proportionally accrue to each share regardless of the class. Subject to any limitations set forth under Maryland law, our board of directorsthe Board may amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of authorized shares of stock, increase or decrease the number of shares of any class or series of stock that we have authority to issue,designated, or reclassify any unissued shares into other classes or series of stock without the necessity of obtaining stockholder approval. All such shares may be issued in the discretion of our board of directors except that issuance of preferred stock must also be approved by a majority of our independent directors not otherwise interested in the transaction, who will have access, at our expense, to our legal counsel or to independent legal counsel. Further, we have adopted the Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II, Inc. 2014 Restricted Share Plan, or the Incentive Plan, pursuant to which we will have the power and authority to grant restricted or deferred stock awards to persons eligible under the Incentive Plan. We have authorized and reserved 300,000 of our Class A


shares for issuance under the Incentive Plan and we granted 3,000 restricted shares of Class A common stock to each of our independent directors at the time we satisfied the minimum offering requirement and broke escrow and we granted 3,000 restricted shares of Class A common stock to each of our independent directors when they were re-elected to the board of directors. We will also grant 3,000 shares of Class A common stock in connection with such independent director’s subsequent election or re-election, as applicable. ExistingBoard. Therefore, existing stockholders and investors purchasing shares in our Offering likely will sufferwould experience dilution of their equity investment in us if we:
sell shares in our Offering orwe (i) sell additional shares in the future, including those issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan;
DRIP Offering, (ii) sell securities that are convertible into shares of our common stock;
stock, (iii) issue shares of our common stock in a private offering of securities to institutional investors;
investors, (iv) issue restricted share awardsshares of our common stock to our directors;
issue shares to our Advisorindependent directors and employees, or its successors or assigns, in payment of an outstanding fee obligation as set forth under our advisory agreement; or
(v) issue shares of our common stock in a merger or to sellers of properties acquired by us in connection with an exchange of limited partnership interests of our Operating Partnership.
In addition, the partnership agreement for our Operating Partnership contains provisions that would allow, under certain circumstances, other entities, including other programs affiliated with our Advisor and its affiliates, to merge into or cause the exchange or conversion of their interest for interests of our Operating Partnership. Because the limited partnership interests of our Operating Partnership may, in the discretion of our board of directors,the Board, be exchanged for shares of our common stock, any merger, exchange or conversion between our Operating Partnership and another entity ultimately could result in the issuance of a substantial number of shares of our common stock, thereby diluting the percentage ownership interest of other stockholders. Because of these and other reasons, described herein,our stockholders should not expect to be able to own a significant percentage of shares.
If we internalize our management functions, the percentage of our outstanding common stock owned by our other stockholders could be reduced, and we could incur other significant costs associated with being self-administered.
In the future, our board of directors may consider internalizing the functions performed for us by our Advisor. The method by which we could internalize these functions could take many forms, including without limitation, acquiring our Advisor. There is no assurance that internalizing our management functions would be beneficial to us and our stockholders. Any internalization transaction could resultexperience substantial dilution in significant payments to the owners of our Advisor, including in the form of our stock, which could reduce thetheir percentage ownership of our then existing stockholders and concentrate ownership in the owner of our Advisor. Additionally, we may not realize the perceived benefits, we may not be able to properly integrate a new staff of managers and employees or we may not be able to effectively replicate the services provided previously by our Advisor, Property Manager or their affiliates. Internalization transactions involving the acquisition of advisors or property managers affiliated with entity sponsors have also, in some cases, been the subject of litigation. Even if these claims are without merit, we could be forced to spend significant amounts of money defending claims, which would reduce the amount of funds available for us to invest in properties or other investments and to pay distributions. All of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
Payment of fees and expenses to our Advisor and our Property Manager will reduce the cash available for distribution and will increase the risk that our stockholders will not be able to recover the amount of their investment in our shares.
Our Advisor and our Property Manager perform services for us in connection with our Offering, including, among other things, the selection and acquisition of our investments, the management of our assets, dispositions of assets, financing of our assets and certain administrative services. We will pay our Advisor and our Property Manager fees and expense reimbursements for these services, which will reduce the amount of cash available for further investments or distribution to our stockholders.
We may be unable to pay or maintain cash distributions or increase distributions over time.
There are many factors that can affect the availability and timing of cash distributions to stockholders. Until we acquire additional properties or other real estate-related investments, we may not generate enough cash flow from operations from which to pay distributions. The amount of cash available for distributions is affected by many factors, such as our ability to buy properties, as offering proceeds become available, rental income from such properties and our operating expense levels, as well as many other variables. Actual cash available for distributions may vary substantially from estimates. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will be able to pay or maintain our current level of distributions or that distributions will increase over time.
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Provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law, or the MGCL, and of our charter and bylaws could deter takeover attempts and have an adverse impact on a stockholder’s ability to exit the investment.
The MGCL, our charter, and our bylaws contain provisions that may discourage, delay or make more difficult a change in control of the Company. We are subject to the Maryland Business Combination Act, which may discourage third parties from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating such an offer. In addition, with some exceptions, the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act, provides that a holder of "control shares" of a Maryland corporation acquired in a control share acquisition has no voting rights, except to the extent approved by a vote of stockholders entitled to cast two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, excluding "control shares" owned by the acquiring person, owned by the Company's officers, and owned by the Company's employees who are also cannot givedirectors. Our bylaws, as permitted by the MGCL, contain a provision exempting from the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act any assurance that rents from our properties will increase, that the securities we buy will increase in value or provide constant or increased distributions over time, or that futureand all acquisitions of real properties orour stock by any investments


in securities will increaseperson. If we amend our cash available for distributionsbylaws to stockholders. Our actual results may differ significantlyrepeal the exemption from the assumptions used byMaryland Control Share Acquisition Act, the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act also may make it more difficult for a third party to obtain control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating such an offer. Further, the “unsolicited takeover” provisions of Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL permit the Board, without stockholder approval and regardless of what is provided in our charter or bylaws, to implement certain takeover defenses, including adopting a classified board of directors in establishingor increasing the distribution rate to stockholders. We may not have sufficient cash from operations to make a distributionvote required to maintain our REIT status. We may make distributions from the proceedsremove a director.
These provisions, as well as other provisions of our Offeringcharter and bylaws, may delay, defer, or from borrowingsprevent a transaction or a change in anticipation of future cash flow. Any such distributions will constitute a return of capital and may reducecontrol that might otherwise be in the amount of capital we ultimately invest in properties and negatively impact the valuebest interests of our stockholders’ investment.stockholders.
Our Dealer Manager is one of our affiliates; therefore, stockholders will not have the benefit of the type of independent review of the Offering or us as customarily performed in underwritten offerings.
Our Dealer Manager is one of our affiliates and will not conduct an independent review of us or the Offering. Accordingly, stockholders will have to rely on his or her own broker-dealer to conduct an independent review of the terms of this Offering. If a stockholder's broker-dealer does not conduct such a review, the stockholder will not have the benefit of an independent review of the terms of this Offering. Further, the due diligence investigation of us by our Dealer Manager cannot be considered to be an independent review and, therefore, may not be as meaningful as a review conducted by an unaffiliated broker-dealer or investment banker. In addition, we do not, and do not expect to, have research analysts reviewing our performance or our securities on an ongoing basis. Therefore, stockholders will not have an independent review of our performance and the value of our common stock relative to publicly traded companies.
General Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate
Our operating results willmay be affected by economic and regulatory changes that have an adverse impact on the real estate market in general, which may prevent us from being profitable or from realizing growth in the value of our real estate properties.
Our operating results are subject to risks generally incident to the ownership of real estate, which may prevent us from being profitable, realizing growth or maintaining the value of our real estate properties, including:
changes in general economic or local conditions including inflationary and/or recessionary conditions;
tenant turnover, technological changes and changes in supply of or demand for similar or competing properties in an area;
changes in the cost or availability of insurance; changes in interest rates and availability of permanent mortgage funds that may render the sale of a property difficult or unattractive;
changes in tax, real estate, environmental and zoning laws; and
periods of high interest rates and tight money supply.
These and other reasons may prevent us from being profitable or from realizing growth or maintaining the value of our real estate properties.
If a tenant declares bankruptcy, we may be unable to collect balances due under relevant leases, which would reduce our cash flow from operations and the amount available for distributions to our stockholders.
Any of our tenants, or any guarantor of a tenant’s lease obligations, could be subject to a bankruptcy proceeding pursuant to Title 11 of the bankruptcy laws of the United States.proceeding. Such a bankruptcy filing would bar all efforts by us to collect pre-bankruptcy debts from these entities or their properties, unless we receive an enabling order from the bankruptcy court. Post-bankruptcy debts would be paid currently. If a lease is assumed, all pre-bankruptcy balances owing under it must be paid in full. If a lease is rejected by a tenant in bankruptcy, we would have a general unsecured claim for damages. If a lease is rejected, it is unlikely we would receive any material payments from the tenant because our claim is capped at the rent reserved under the lease, without acceleration, for the greater of one year or 15% of the remaining term of the lease, but not greater than three years, plus rent already due but unpaid. This claim could be paid only if funds were available, and then only in the same percentage as that realized on other unsecured claims.
A tenant or lease guarantor bankruptcy could delay efforts to collect past due balances under the relevant leases, and could ultimately preclude full collection of these sums. Such an event could cause a decrease or cessation of rental payments that would mean a reduction in our cash flow and the amount available for distributions to our stockholders. In the event of a bankruptcy, we cannot give assurance that the tenant or its trustee will assume our lease. If a given lease, or guaranty of a lease, is not assumed, our cash flow and the amounts available for distributions to our stockholders may be adversely affected.
A high concentration of our properties in a particular geographic area would magnify the effects of downturns or natural disasters in that geographic area.
There is a geographic concentration of risk subject to fluctuations in the economies of the various metropolitan statistical area, or MSA's, in which we own properties. Geographic concentration of our properties exposes us to risks related to or arising from economic downturns or natural disasters in the areas where our properties are located. A regional or local recession or a natural disaster in any of these areas could adversely affect our ability to generate or increase operating revenues, attract new tenants or dispose of unproductive properties.
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Our investments in properties where the underlying tenant has a below investment grade credit rating, as determined by major credit rating agencies, or unrated tenants, may have a greater risk of default and therefore may have an adverse impact on our returns on that asset and our operating results.
As ofDuring the year ended December 31, 2017,2022, approximately 15.4%16.0% of our total rental revenue was derived from tenants that had an investment grade credit rating from a major ratings agency, 19.9%6.2% of our total rental revenue was derived from tenants that were rated but did not have an investment grade credit rating from a major ratings agency and


64.7% 77.8% of our total rental revenue was derived from tenants arethat were not rated. Approximately 18.1%24.4% of our total rental revenue was derived from non-rated tenants that were affiliates of companies having an investment grade credit rating. Our investments with tenants that do not have an investment grade credit rating from a major ratings agency or were not rated and are not affiliated with companies having an investment grade credit rating may have a greater risk of default and bankruptcy than investments in properties leased exclusively to investment grade tenants. When we invest in properties where the tenant does not have a publicly available credit rating, we use certain credit assessment tools as well asand rely on our own estimates of the tenant’s credit rating which includesinclude but are not limited to reviewing the tenant’s financial information (i.e., financial ratios, net worth, revenue, cash flows, leverage and liquidity) and monitoring local market conditions. If our lender or a credit rating agency disagrees with our ratings estimates, or our ratings estimates are otherwise inaccurate, we may not be able to obtain our desired level of leverage or our financing costs may exceed those that we projected. This outcome could have an adverse impact on our returns on that asset and hence our operating results.
If a sale-leaseback transaction is re-characterized in a tenant’s bankruptcy proceeding, our financial condition could be adversely affected.
We have entered and may continue to enter into sale-leaseback transactions, whereby we would purchase a property and then lease the same property back to the person from whom we purchased it. In the event of the bankruptcy of a tenant, a transaction structured as a sale-leaseback may be re-characterized as either a financing or a joint venture, either of which outcome could adversely affect our business. If the sale-leaseback were re-characterized as a financing, we might not be considered the owner of the property, and as a result would have the status of a creditor in relation to the tenant. In that event, we would no longer have the right to sell or encumber our ownership interest in the property. Instead, we would have a claim against the tenant for the amounts owed under the lease, with the claim arguably secured by the property. The tenant/debtor might have the ability to propose a plan restructuring the term, interest rate and amortization schedule of its outstanding balance. If confirmed by the bankruptcy court, we could be bound by the new terms, and prevented from foreclosing our lien on the property. If the sale-leaseback were re-characterized as a joint venture, our lessee and we could be treated as co-venturers with regard to the property. As a result, we could be held liable, under some circumstances, for debts incurred by the lessee relating to the property. Either of these outcomes could adversely affect our cash flow and the amount available for distributions to our stockholders.
Properties that have vacancies for a significant period of time could be difficult to sell, which could diminish the return on our stockholders’ investment.
A property may incur vacancies either by the continued default of tenants under their leases or the expiration of tenant leases. If vacancies continue for a longan extended period of time, we may suffer reduced revenues, resulting in less cash to be distributed to stockholders. In addition, because properties’ market values depend principally upon the value of the properties’ leases, the resale value of properties with prolonged vacancies could suffer, which could further reduce our stockholders’ return.
We may obtain only limited warranties when we purchase a property and would have only limited recourse if our due diligence did not identify any issues that lower the value of our property.
The seller of a property often sells such property in its “as is” condition on a “where is” basis and “with all faults,” without any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. In addition, purchase agreements may contain only limited warranties, representations and indemnifications that will only survive for a limited period after the closing. The purchase of properties with limited warranties increases the risk that we may lose some or all of our invested capital in the property as well as the loss of rental income from that property.
We may be unable to secure funds for future tenant improvements or capital needs, which could adversely impact our ability to pay cash distributions to our stockholders.
When tenants do not renew their leases or otherwise vacate their space, it is usual that, in order to attract replacement tenants, we will be required to expend substantial funds for tenant improvements and tenant refurbishments to the vacated space. In addition, although we expect that our leases with tenants will require tenants to pay routine property maintenance costs, we will likely be responsible for any major structural repairs, such as repairs to the foundation, exterior walls and rooftops. We will usehave used substantially all of our Offering’s gross offering proceeds to buy real estate and pay various fees and expenses. Accordingly, if we need additional capital in the future to improve or maintain our properties or for any other reason, we will have to obtain financing from other sources, such as cash flow from operations, borrowings, property sales or future equity offerings. These sources of funding may not be available on attractive terms or at all. If we cannot procure additional funding for capital improvements, our investments may generate lower cash flows or decline in value, or both.
Our inability to sell a property when we desire to do so could adversely impact our ability to pay cash distributions to our stockholders.
The real estate market is affected by many factors, such as general economic conditions, availability of financing, interest rates and other factors, including supply and demand, that are beyond our control. We cannot predict whether we will be able to sell any property for the price or on the terms set by us, or whether any price or other terms offered by a prospective purchaser


would be acceptable to us. We cannot predict the length of time needed to find a willing purchaser and to close the sale of a property.
We may be required to expend funds to correct defects or to make improvements before a property can be sold. We cannot give assurance that we will have funds available to correct such defects or to make such improvements. Moreover, in acquiring a property, we may agree to restrictions that prohibit the sale of that property for a period of time or impose other restrictions, such as a limitation on the amount of debt that can be placed or repaid on that property. These provisions would restrict our ability to sell a property.
We may not be able to sell a property at a price equal to, or greater than, the price for which we purchased such property, which may lead to a decrease in the value of our assets and a reduction in the value of shares held by our stockholders.
Some of our leases will not contain rental increases over time, or the rental increases may be less than the fair market rate at a future point in time. Therefore, the value of the property to a potential purchaser may not increase over time, which may restrict our ability to sell a property, or if we are able to sell such property, may lead to a sale price less than the price that we paid to purchase the property.
We may acquire or finance properties with lock-out provisions, which may prohibit us from selling a property, or may require us to maintain specified debt levels for a period of years on some properties.
A lock-out provision is a provision that prohibits the prepayment of a loan during a specified period of time. Lock-out provisions could materially restrict us from selling or otherwise disposing of or refinancing properties. These provisions would affect our ability to turn our investments into cash and thus affect cash available for distributions to our stockholders. Lock-out provisions may prohibit us from reducing the outstanding indebtedness with respect to any properties, refinancing such indebtedness on a non-recourse basis at maturity, or increasing the amount of indebtedness with respect to such properties. Lock-out provisions could impair our ability to take other actions during the lock-out period that could be in the best interests of our stockholders and, therefore, may have an adverse impact on the value of the shares, relative to the value that would result if the lock-out provisions did not exist. In particular, lock-out provisions could preclude us from participating in major transactions that could result in a disposition of our assets or a change in control even though that disposition or change in control might be in the best interests of our stockholders.
Rising expenses could reduce cash flow and funds available for future acquisitions or distributions to our stockholders.
Our properties and any other properties that we buy in the future will be subject to operating risks common to real estate in general, any or all of which may negatively affect us. If any property is not fully occupied or if rents are being paid in an amount that is insufficient to cover operating expenses, we could be required to expend funds with respect to that property for operating expenses. The properties will be subject to increases in tax rates, utility costs, operating expenses, insurance costs, repairs and maintenance and administrative expenses. While we expect that many of our properties will continue to be leased on a triple net lease basis or require the tenants to pay all or a portion of such expenses, renewals of leases or future leases may not be negotiated on that basis, in which event we may have to pay those costs. If we are unable to lease properties on a triple net lease basis or on a basis requiring the tenants to pay all or some of such expenses, or if tenants fail to pay required tax, utility and other impositions, we could be required to pay those costs, which could adversely affect funds available for future acquisitions or cash available for distributions.
If we suffer losses that are not covered by insurance or that are in excess of insurance coverage, we could lose invested capital and anticipated profits.
We will carry comprehensive general liability coverage and umbrella liability coverage on all our properties with limits of liability which we deem adequate to insure against liability claims and provide for the costs of defense. Similarly, we are insured against the risk of direct physical damage in amounts we estimate to be adequate to reimburse us on a replacement cost basis for costs incurred to repair or rebuild each property, including loss of rental income during the rehabilitation period. Material losses may occur in excess of insurance proceeds with respect to any property, as insurance may not be sufficient to fund the losses. However, there are types of losses, generally of a catastrophic nature, such as losses due to wars, acts of terrorism, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, pollution or environmental matters, which are either uninsurable or not economically insurable, or may be insured subject to limitations, such as large deductibles or co-payments. Insurance risks associated with potential terrorism acts could sharply increase the premiums we will pay for coverage against property and casualty claims. Additionally, mortgage lenders in some cases have begun to insist that commercial property owners purchase specific coverage against terrorism as a condition for providing mortgage loans. It is uncertain whether such insurance policies will be available, or available at reasonable cost, which could inhibit our ability to finance or refinance our potential properties. In these instances, we may be required to provide other financial support, either through financial assurances or self-insurance, to cover potential losses. We may not have adequate, or any, coverage for such losses. The Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 is designed for a sharing of terrorism losses between insurance companies and the federal government, and extends the federal terrorism insurance backstop through December 31, 2020, pursuant to the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization


Act of 2015. We cannot be certain how this act will impact us or what additional cost to us, if any, could result. If such an event damaged or destroyed one or more of our properties, we could lose both our invested capital and anticipated profits from such property.
Real estate-related taxes may increase and if these increases are not passed on to tenants, our income will be reduced.
Some local real property tax assessors may seek to reassess some of our properties as a result of our acquisition of such properties. From time to time our property taxes may increase as property values or assessment rates change or for other reasons deemed relevant by the assessors. An increase in the assessed valuation of a property for real estate tax purposes will result in an increase in the related real estate taxes on that property. Although somea substantial portion of our tenant leases may
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permit us to pass through such tax increases to the tenants for payment, there is no assurance that renewal leases or future leases will be negotiated on the same basis. Increases not passed through to tenants will adversely affect our income, cash available for distributions, and the amount of distributions to our stockholders.
Covenants, conditions and restrictions may restrict our ability to operate our properties.
Some of our properties may be contiguous to other parcels of real property, comprising part of the same commercial center. In connection with such properties, there are significant covenants, conditions and restrictions, or "CCCC&Rs," restricting the operation of such properties and any improvements on such properties, and related to granting easements on such properties. Moreover, the operation and management of the contiguous properties may impact such properties. Compliance with CC&Rs may adversely affect our operating costs and reduce the amount of funds that we have available to pay distributions.
Our operating results may be negatively affected by potential development and construction delays and result in increased costs and risks.
We may use proceeds from our Offering to acquirehave acquired and developdeveloped properties upon which we will construct improvements. We will be subject to uncertainties associated with re-zoning for development, environmental concerns of governmental entities and/or community groups, and our builder’s ability to build in conformity with plans, specifications, budgeted costs, and timetables. A builder’s performance also may be affected or delayed by conditions beyond the builder’s control. Delays in completion of construction could also give tenants the right to terminate preconstruction leases. We may incur additional risks when we make periodic progress payments or other advances to builders before they complete construction. These and other such factors can result in increased costs of a project or loss of our investment. In addition, we will be subject to normal lease-up risks relating to newly constructed projects. We also must rely on rental income and expense projections and estimates of the fair market value of property upon completion of construction when agreeing upon a price at the time we acquire thea property. If our projections are inaccurate, we may pay too much for a property, and our return on our investment could suffer.
We may invest in unimproved real property, subject to the limitations on investments in unimproved real property contained in our charter, which complies with the NASAA REIT Guidelines limitation restricting us from investing more than 10% of our total assets in unimproved real property. For purposes of this paragraph, "unimproved real property" is real property which has not been acquired for the purpose of producing rental or other operating income, has no development or construction in process and on which no construction or development is planned in good faith to commence within one year. Returns from development of unimproved properties are also subject to risks associated with re-zoning the land for development and environmental concerns of governmental entities and/or community groups. Although we intend to limit any investment in unimproved property, to property we intend to develop, our stockholders’ investment nevertheless is subject to the risks associated with investments in unimproved real property.
Competition with third parties in acquiring properties and other investments may impede our ability to make future acquisitions or may increase the cost of these acquisitions and reduce our profitability and the return on our stockholders’ investment.
We compete with many other entities engaged in real estate investment activities, including individuals, corporations, bank and insurance company investment accounts, other REITs, real estate limited partnerships, other entities engaged in real estate investment activities and private equity firms, many of which have greater resources than we do. Competition for properties may significantly increase the price we must pay for properties or other assets we seek to acquire and our competitors may succeed in acquiring those properties or assets themselves. In addition, our potential acquisition targets may find our competitors to be more attractive because they may have greater resources, may be willing to pay more for the properties or may have a more compatible operating philosophy. Larger entities may enjoy significant competitive advantages that result from, among other things, a lower cost of capital and enhanced operating efficiencies. Further, the number of entities and the amount of funds competing for suitable investments may increase. This competition will result in increased demand for these assets and therefore increased prices paid for them. Because of an increased interest in single-property acquisitions among tax-motivated individual purchasers, we may pay higher prices if we purchase single properties in comparison with


portfolio acquisitions. If we pay higher prices for properties and other investments, our profitability will be reduced and our stockholders may experience a lower return on their investment.
We will be subject to additional risks of our joint venture partner or partners when we enter into a joint venture, which could reduce the value of our investment.
We may enter into joint ventures with other real estate groups. The success of a particular joint venture may be limited if our joint venture partner becomes bankrupt or otherwise is unable to perform its obligations in accordance with the terms of the particular joint venture arrangement. The joint venture partner may have economic or business interests or goals that are or may become inconsistent with our business interests or goals. In addition, a dispute with our joint venture partners may result in litigation, which may cause us to incur additional expenses, require additional time and resources from our Advisor and result in liability, each of which could adversely affect our operating results and the value of our stockholders’ investment. In addition, we may assume liabilities related to the joint venture that exceed the percentage of our investment in the joint venture.
Our properties face competition that may affect tenants’ willingness to pay the amount of rent requested by us and the amount of rent paid to us may affect the cash available for distributions and the amount of distributions.
There will be numerous other properties within the market area of each of our properties that will compete with us for tenants. The number of competitive properties could have a material effect on our ability to rent space at our properties and the amount of rents charged. We could be adversely affected if additional competitive properties are built in locations competitive with our properties, causing increased competition for customer traffic and creditworthy tenants. This could result in decreased cash flow from tenants and may require us to make capital improvements to properties that we would not have otherwise made, thus affecting cash available for distributions and the amount available for distributions to our stockholders.
Delays in acquisitions of properties may have an adverse effect on the value of our stockholders’ investment.
There may be a substantial period of time before all of the proceeds of our Offering are invested. Delays we encounter in the selection, acquisition and/or development of properties could adversely affect our stockholders’ returns. When properties are acquired prior to the start of construction or during the early stages of construction, it will typically take several months to complete construction and rent available space. Therefore, our stockholders could suffer delays in the payment of cash distributions attributable to those particular properties.
Costs of complying with governmental laws and regulations, including those relating to environmental matters,protection, human health and safety and disability accommodation, may adversely affect our income and the cash available for any distributions.
All real property investments and the operations conducted on real propertyin connection with such investments are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection, and human health and safety. These lawssafety and regulations generally govern wastewater discharges, air emissions, the operation and removaldisability accommodation. Some of underground and above-ground storage tanks, the use, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of solid and hazardous materials, and the remediation of contamination associated with disposals. Environmentalthese laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on tenants,customers, owners or operators for the costs to investigate or remediate contaminated properties, regardless of fault or whether the acts causing the contamination were legal. This liability couldThey also may impose restrictions on the manner in which real property may be substantial. In addition, the presenceused or businesses may be operated. The costs of hazardous substances, or the failure to properly remediate these substances, may adversely affect our ability to sell, rent or pledge such property as collateral for future borrowings.
Some ofcomplying with these laws and regulations may have been amended so as to require compliance with new or more stringent standards asa material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of future dates. Compliance with new or more stringent laws or regulations or stricter interpretation of existing laws may require material expenditures by us. Future laws, ordinances or regulations may impose material environmental liability. Additionally, our tenants’ operations the existing condition of land when we buy it, operations in the vicinity of our properties, such as the presence of underground storage tanks, or activities of unrelated third parties, may affect our properties. In addition, there are various local, state and federal fire, health, life-safety and similar regulations with which we may be required to comply, and that may subject us to liability in the form of fines or damages for noncompliance. Any material expenditures, fines, or damages we must pay will reduce our ability to make distributions and may reduce the value of our stockholders’ investment.
One particular federal law is The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, or CERCLA, which established a regulatory and remedial program intended to provide for the investigation and clean-up of facilities where, or from which, a release of any hazardous substance into the environment has occurred or is threatened. CERCLA’s primary mechanism for remedying such problems is to impose strict joint and several liability for clean-up of facilities on current owners and operators of the site, former owners and operators of the site at the time of the disposal of the hazardous substances, any person who arranges for the transportation, disposal or treatment of the hazardous substances, and the transporters who select the disposal and treatment facilities, regardless of the care exercised by such persons. CERCLA also imposes liability for the cost of evaluating and remedying any damage to natural resources. The costs of CERCLA investigation and clean-up can be very substantial. CERCLA also authorizes the imposition of a lien in favor of the United States on all real


property subject to, or affected by, a remedial action for all costs for which a party is liable. Subject to certain procedural restrictions, CERCLA gives a responsible party the right to bring a contribution action against other responsible parties for their allocable shares of investigative and remedial costs. Our ability to obtain reimbursement from others for their allocable shares of such costs would be limited by our ability to find other responsible parties and prove the extent of their responsibility, their financial resources, and other procedural requirements. Various state laws also impose strict joint and several liability for investigation, clean-up and other damages associated with hazardous substance releases.
State and federal laws in this area are constantly evolving, and we intend to monitor these laws and take commercially reasonable steps to protect ourselves from the impact of these laws, including obtaining environmental assessments of most properties that we acquire; however, we will not obtain an independent third-party environmental assessment for every property we acquire. In addition, any such assessment that we do obtain may not reveal all environmental liabilities or that a prior owner of a property did not create a material environmental condition not known to us. The cost of defending against claims of liability, of compliance with environmental regulatory requirements, of remediating any contaminated property, or of paying personal injury claims would materially adversely affect our business, assets or results of operations and, consequently, amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.
If we sell properties by providing financing to purchasers, defaults by the purchasers would adversely affect our cash flows.
In some instances we may sell our properties by providing financing to purchasers. When we provide financing to purchasers, we will bear the risk that the purchaser may default, which could negatively impact our cash distributions to stockholders. Even in the absence of a purchaser default, the distribution of the proceeds of sales to our stockholders, or their reinvestment in other assets, will be delayed until the promissory notes or other property we may accept upon the sale are actually paid, sold, refinanced or otherwise disposed of. In some cases, we may receive initial down payments in cash and other property in the year of sale in an amount less than the selling price, and subsequent payments will be spread over a number of years. If any purchaser defaults under a financing arrangement with us, it could negatively impact our ability to pay cash distributions to our stockholders.
Our recovery of an investment in a mortgage loan that has defaulted may be limited.
There is no guarantee that the mortgage, loan or deed of trust securing an investment will, following a default, permit us to recover the original investment and interest that would have been received absent a default. The security provided by a mortgage, deed of trust or loan is directly related to the difference between the amount owed and the appraised market value of the property. Although we intend to rely on a current real estate appraisal when we make the investment, the value of the property is affected by factors outside our control, including general fluctuations in the real estate market, rezoning, neighborhood changes, highway relocations and failure by the borrower to maintain the property. In addition, we may incur the costs of litigation in our efforts to enforce our rights under defaulted loans.
Our costs associated with complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act may affect cash available for distributions.
Our properties are subject to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, or the Disabilities Act. Under the Disabilities Act, all places of public accommodation are required to comply with federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. The Disabilities Act has separate compliance requirements for "public accommodations" and "commercial facilities" that generally require that buildings and services, including restaurants and retail stores, be made accessible and available to people with disabilities. The Disabilities Act’s requirements could require removal of access barriers and could result in the imposition of injunctive relief, monetary penalties, or, in some cases, an award of damages. We will attempt to acquire properties that comply with the Disabilities Act or place the burden on the seller or other third party, such as a tenant, to ensure compliance with the Disabilities Act. However, we cannot give assurance that we will be able to acquire properties or allocate responsibilities in this manner. If we cannot, our funds used for Disabilities Act compliance may affect cash available for distributions and the amount of distributions to our stockholders.
Risks Associated with Investments in the Healthcare Property Sector
Our real estate investments are currently concentrated in healthcare properties, making us more vulnerable economically than if our investments were diversified.
We are subject to risks inherent in concentrating investments in real estate. These risks resulting from a lack of diversification are even greater as a result of our business strategy to invest to a substantial degree in healthcare properties. A downturn in the commercial real estate industry generally could significantly adversely affect the value of our properties. A downturn in the healthcare industry could negatively affect our lessees’ ability to make lease payments to us and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. These adverse effects could be more pronounced than if we diversified our investments outside of real estate or if our portfolio did not include a concentration in healthcare properties. Our investments in healthcare properties accounted for 53.8% of our contractual rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017.


Certain of our properties may not have efficient alternative uses, so the loss of a tenant may cause us to not be able to find a replacement or cause us to spend considerable capital to adapt the property to an alternative use.
Some of the properties we have acquired and seek to acquire are healthcare properties that may only be suitable for similar healthcare-related tenants. If we or our tenants terminate the leases for these properties or our tenants lose their regulatory authority to operate such properties, we may not be able to locate suitable replacement tenants to lease the properties for their specialized uses. Alternatively, we may be required to spend substantial amounts to adapt the properties to other uses. Any loss of revenues or additional capital expenditures required as a result may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Our healthcare properties and tenants may be unable to compete successfully, which could result in lower rent payments, reduce our cash flows from operations and the amount available for distributions to our stockholders.
The healthcareOur current and potential properties we have acquired or seek to acquire in the futureand our tenants may face competition from nearby hospitals and other healthcare properties that provide comparable services. Some of thoseour competing facilities aremay be owned by governmental agencies and therefore are supported by
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tax revenues, and others are owned by non-profit corporations and therefore are supported to a large extent by endowments and charitable contributions.contributions and pay little or no taxes. Not all of our properties will be affiliated with non-profit corporations and receive such support. Similarly, our tenants will faceAdditionally, the introduction and expansion of new stakeholders competing with traditional providers in the healthcare market and telemedicine are disrupting "agents" in the healthcare industry and could lead to decreased demand for healthcare properties and new trends in payments. The trend of increasing private equity investment in healthcare providers could also increase competition from otherin the healthcare practices in nearby hospitals and other healthcare properties.market. Our tenants’ failure to compete successfully with these other practiceshealthcare providers could adversely affect their ability to make rental payments, which could adversely affect our rental revenues. Further, from time to time and for reasons beyond our control, referral sources, including physicians and managed care organizations, may change their lists of hospitals, physicians or physiciansother healthcare providers to which they refer patients or that are permitted to participate in the payer program. This could adversely affect our tenants’ ability to make rental payments, which could adversely affect our rental revenues. Any reduction in rental revenues resulting from the inability of our healthcare properties and our tenants to compete successfully may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Reductions in reimbursement from third party payors, including MedicareCompliance with and Medicaid, could adversely affect the profitability of our tenants and hinder their abilitychanges to make rental payments to us.
Sources of revenue for our tenants may include the federal Medicare program, state Medicaid programs, private insurance carriers and health maintenance organizations, among others. Efforts by such payors to reduce healthcare costs will likely continue, which may result in reductions or slower growth in reimbursement for certain services provided by some of our tenants. In addition, the healthcare billing rules and regulations are complex, and the failure of any of our tenants to comply with various laws and regulations could jeopardize their ability to continue participating in Medicare, Medicaid and other government sponsored payment programs. Moreover, the state and federal governmental healthcare programs are subject to reductions by state and federal legislative actions. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 prevented the reduction in physician reimbursement of Medicare from being implemented in 2013. The Protecting Access to Medicare Act of 2014 prevented the reduction of 24.4% in the physician fee schedule by replacing the scheduled reduction with a 0.5% increase to the physician fee schedule through December 31, 2014, and a 0% increase for January 1, 2015 through March 31, 2015. The potential 21.0% cut in reimbursement that was to be effective April 1, 2015 was removed by the Medicare Access & CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MACRA) and replaced with two new methodologies that will focus upon payment based upon quality outcomes. The first model is the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System, or MIPS, which combines the Physician Quality Reporting System, or PQRS, and Meaningful Use program with the Value Based Modifier program to provide for one payment model based upon (i) quality, (ii) resource use, (iii) clinical practice improvement and (iv) advancing care information through the use of certified Electronic Health Record, or EHR, technology. The second model is the Advanced Alternative Payment Models, or APM, which requires the physician to participate in a risk share arrangement for reimbursement related to his or her patients while utilizing a certified health record and reporting on specific quality metrics. There are a number of physicians that will not qualify for the APM payment method. Therefore, this change in reimbursement models may impact our tenants’ payments and create uncertainty in the tenants’ financial condition.
The healthcare industry continues to face various challenges, including increased government and private payor pressure on healthcare providers to control or reduce costs. It is possible that our tenants will continue to experience a shift in payor mix away from fee-for-service payors, resulting in an increase in the percentage of revenues attributable to reimbursement based upon value based principles and quality driven managed care programs, and general industry trends that include pressures to control healthcare costs. The federal government's goal is to move approximately ninety percent (90%) of its reimbursement for providers to be based upon quality outcome models. Pressures to control healthcare costs and a shift away from traditional health insurance reimbursement to payment based upon quality outcomes have increased the uncertainty of payments.
In 2014, state insurance exchanges were implemented, which provide a new mechanism for individuals to obtain insurance. At this time, the number of payers that are participating in the state insurance exchanges varies, and in some regions there are very limited insurance plans available for individuals to choose from when purchasing insurance. In addition, not all


healthcare providers will maintain participation agreements with the payers that are participating in the state health insurance exchange. Therefore, it is possible that our tenants may incur a change in their reimbursement if the tenant does not have a participation agreement with the state insurance exchange payers and a large number of individuals elect to purchase insurance from the state insurance exchange. Further, the rates of reimbursement from the state insurance exchange payers to healthcare providers will vary greatly. The rates of reimbursement will be subject to negotiation between the healthcare provider and the payer, which may vary based upon the market, the healthcare provider’s quality metrics, the number of providers participating in the area and the patient population, among other factors. Therefore, it is uncertain whether healthcare providers will incur a decrease in reimbursement from the state insurance exchange, which may impact a tenant’s ability to pay rent.
The insurance plans that participated on the health insurance exchanges created by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (“Healthcare Reform Act”) were expecting to receive risk corridor payments to address the high risk claims that it paid through the exchange product. However, the federal government currently owes the insurance companies approximately $8.3 billion under the risk corridor payment program that is currently disputed by the federal government. The federal government is currently defending several lawsuits from the insurance plans that participate on the health insurance exchange. If the insurance companies do not receive the payments, the insurance companies may cease to participate on the insurance exchange which limits insurance options for patients. If patients do not have access to insurance coverage it may adversely impact the tenant’s revenues and the tenant’s ability to pay rent.
In addition, the healthcare legislation passed in 2010 included new payment models with new shared savings programs and demonstration programs that include bundled payment models and payments contingent upon reporting on satisfaction of quality benchmarks. The new payment models will likely change how physicians are paid for services. These changes could have a material adverse effect on the financial condition of some or all of our tenants. The financial impact on our tenants could restrictand, consequently, their ability to make rent payments to us, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to pay distributions to stockholders.
Furthermore, beginning in 2016, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has applied a negative payment adjustment to individual eligible professionals, Comprehensive Primary Care practice sites, and group practices participating in the Physician Quality Reporting System, or PQRS, group practice reporting option (including Accountable Care Organizations) that do not satisfactorily report PQRS in 2014. Program participation during a calendar year will affect payments after two years, such that individuals and groups that receive the 2016 negative payment adjustment will not receive a 2014 PQRS incentive payment. Providers can appeal the determination, but if the provider is not successful, the provider’s reimbursement may be adversely impacted, which could adversely impact a tenant’s ability to make rent paymentsmeet obligations to us.
Moreover, President Trump signed an Executive Order on January 20, 2017 to “ease the burden of Obamacare”.
On May 4, 2017, members of the House of Representatives approved legislation to repeal portions of the Healthcare Reform Act, which legislation was submitted to the Senate for approval. On July 25, 2017, the Senate rejected a complete repeal and, further, on July 27, 2017, the Senate rejected a repeal on the Healthcare Reform Act’s individual and employer mandates and a temporary repeal on the medical device tax. Furthermore, on October 12, 2017, President Trump signed an Executive Order the purpose of which was to, among other things, (i) cut healthcare cost-sharing reduction subsidies, (ii) allow more small businesses to join together to purchase insurance coverage, (iii) extend short-term coverage policies, and (iv) expand employers’ ability to provide workers cash to buy coverage elsewhere. The Executive Order required the government agencies to draft regulations for consideration related to Associated Health Plans ("AHP"), short term limited duration insurance ("STLDI") and health reimbursement arrangements ("HRA"). At this time the proposed legislation has not been drafted. The Trump Administration also ceased to provide the cost-share subsidies to the insurance companies that offered the silver plan benefits on the Health Information Exchange. The termination of the cost-share subsidies would impact the subsidy payments due in 2017 and will likely adversely impact the insurance companies, causing an increase in the premium payments for the individual beneficiaries in 2018. Nineteen State Attorney Generals filed suit to force the Trump Administration to reinstate the cost shares subsidy payments. On October 25, 2017, a California Judge ruled in favor of the Trump Administration and found that the federal government was not required to immediately reinstate payment for the cost shares subsidy. The injunction sought by the Attorney Generals’ lawsuit was denied. Subsequently, Maine Community Health Options filed suit against The United States of America in the United States Court of Federal, Claims, Case No. 17-2057C (December 28, 2017) seeking damages and payment for the cost-sharing reduction payment. This claim is currently pending. Therefore, our tenants will likely see an increase in individuals who are self-pay or have a lower health benefit plan due to the increase in the premium payments. Our tenants’ collections and revenues may be adversely impacted by the change in the payor mix of their patients and it may adversely impact the tenants’ ability to make rent payments.


  There are multiple lawsuits in several judicial districts brought by qualified health plans to recover the prior risk corridor payments that were anticipated to be paid as part of the health insurance exchange program.  The multiple lawsuits are moving through the judicial process.  Further, there is a current lawsuit, United States House of Representatives vs. Price, which alleges that the Executive Branch of the United States of America exceeded its authority in implementing the risk corridor payments under the HealthCare Reform and therefore the payments should not be made. At this time, the case is pending. If the Administration or the court system determines that risk corridor or risk share payments are not required to be paid to the qualified health plans offering insurance coverage on the health insurance exchange program, the insurance companies may cease offering the Health Insurance Exchange product to the current beneficiaries. Therefore, our tenants may have an increase of self-pay patients and collections may decline, adversely impacting the tenants’ ability to pay rent.
On January 11, 2018, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) issued guidance to support state efforts to improve Medicaid enrollee health outcomes by incentivizing community engagement among able-bodied, working-age Medicaid beneficiaries. The policy excludes individuals eligible for Medicaid due to a disability, elderly beneficiaries, children and pregnant women. CMS received proposals from 10 states seeking requirements for able bodied Medicaid beneficiaries to engage in employment and community engagement initiatives. Kentucky and Indiana are the first states to obtain a waiver for its program and require Medicaid beneficiaries to work or get ready for employment. If the “work requirement” expands to the states Medicaid programs it may decrease the number of patients eligible for Medicaid. The patients that are no longer eligible for Medicaid may become self-pay patients which may adversely impact our tenant’s ability to receive reimbursement. If our tenants’ patient payor mix becomes more self-pay patients, it may impact our tenants’ ability to collect revenues and pay rent.
The healthcare industry is heavily regulated, and new laws or regulations, changes to existing laws or regulations, loss of licensure or failure to obtain licensure could result in the inability of our tenants to make rent payments to us.
The healthcare industry is heavily regulated by federal, state and local governmental bodies. The tenantslaws, statutes and regulatory policies, including the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, Transparency in our healthcare properties generally will be subject toCoverage rule and the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021, the laws listed in the paragraph directly below, and regulations covering, among other things, licensure, certification for participationany future changes and decisions, may impact one or more specific providers that lease space in government programs, and relationships with physicians and other referral sources. Changes in these laws and regulations could negatively affect the abilityany of our tenants to make lease payments to usproperties. In addition, many states also regulate the establishment and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. Manyconstruction of our healthcare propertiesfacilities and their tenants may requireservices, and the expansion of existing healthcare facilities and services through a license or certificate of need, or CON, laws, which may include regulation of certain licenses, medical equipment, and capital expenditures. Similarly, tenants of our healthcare properties may become subject to operate. Failurelegal claims that their services have resulted in patient injury or other adverse effects in violation of applicable laws, including the Federal False Claims Act. Such claims may cause our tenants to obtainincur punitive damages arising from professional liability and general liability claims and/or become subject to governmental investigations, enforcement actions or litigation.
Healthcare provider tenants may be subject to numerous laws and regulations that regulate, among other things, quality and medical necessity of care, insurance and patient billing, the security and privacy of patient information, healthcare provider financial interests and conflicts of interest, self-referrals, price transparency, corporate practice of medicine and surprise billing. Such laws include, but are not limited to: the Medicare and Medicaid statutes; the Stark Law; the civil False Claims Act; the federal False Claims Law; the federal Anti-Kickback Statute; applicable state law prohibitions against kickbacks, fraud and abuse, patient brokering, advertising and marketing of healthcare items and services and fee splitting; state laws regulating the corporate practice of medicine; the federal Eliminating Kickbacks in Recovery Act; the Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act; the Civil Monetary Penalties Law; the Exclusion Laws; the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 and applicable state laws regarding patient privacy and the security of patient health information; the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988; the Travel Act; and all of the foregoing as may be amended and including any regulations or decisions promulgated thereunder.
The failure to comply with these laws and regulations, or the failure to secure CON approval to undertake a license or CON, or loss of a required license or CON, would prevent a facility from operating in the manner intended by the tenant. These eventsdesired project could materially adversely affect our tenants’ ability to make rent payments to us. State and local laws also may regulate expansion, including the addition of new beds or services or acquisition of healthcare equipment, and the construction of healthcare properties, by requiring a CON or other similar approval. State CON laws are not uniform throughout the United States and are subject to change; therefore, this may adversely impact our tenants’ ability to provide services in different states. We cannot predict the impact of state CON laws on our development of facilities or the operations of our tenants. In addition, state CON laws often materially impact the ability of competitors to enter into the marketplace of our facilities. The repeal of CON laws could allow competitors to freely operate in previously closed markets. This could negatively affect our tenants’ abilities to make current payments to us. In limited circumstances, loss of state licensure or certification or closure of a facility could ultimately result in loss of authority to operate the facility and require new CON authorization to re-institute operations. As a result, a portion of the value of the facility may be reduced, which would adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Tenants of our healthcare properties are subject to anti-fraud and abuse laws, the violation of which by a tenant may jeopardize the tenant’s ability to make rent payments to us.
There are various federal and state laws prohibiting fraudulent and abusive business practices by healthcare providers who participate in, receive payments from or are in a position to make referrals in connection with government-sponsored healthcare programs, including the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Our lease arrangements with certain tenants may also be subject to these anti-fraud and abuse laws. These laws include the Federal Anti-Kickback Statute, which prohibits, among other things, the offer, payment, solicitation or receipt of any form of remuneration in return for, or to induce, the referral of any item or service reimbursed by Medicare or Medicaid; the Federal Physician Self-Referral Prohibition, which, subject to specific exceptions, restricts physicians from making referrals for specifically designated health services for which payment may be made under Medicare or Medicaid programs to an entity with which the physician, or an immediate family member, has a financial relationship; the False Claims Act, which prohibits any person from knowingly presenting false or fraudulent claims for payment to the federal government, including claims paid by the Medicare and Medicaid programs; the Civil Monetary Penalties Law, which authorizes the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to impose monetary penalties or exclusion from participation in state or federal healthcare programs for certain fraudulent acts; the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (“HIPAA”) Fraud Statute which makes it a federal crime to defraud any health benefit plan, including private payers; and Exclusions Law which authorizes U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to exclude someone from participation in state or federal healthcare programs for certain fraudulent acts. Each of these laws includes criminal and/or civil penalties for violations that range from punitive sanctions, damage assessments, penalties, imprisonment, denial of


Medicare and Medicaid payments and/or exclusion from the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Certain laws, such as the False Claims Act, allow for individuals to bring whistleblower actions on behalf of the government for violations thereof. Additionally, states in which the healthcare properties are located may have similar anti-fraud and abuse laws. Investigation by a federal or state governmental body for violation of anti-fraud and abuse laws or imposition of any of these penalties upon one of our tenants could jeopardize that tenant’s ability to operate or to make rent payments,us which may have a materialan adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations, and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Adverse trends in healthcare provider operations may negatively affect our lease revenues and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
The healthcare industry is currently experiencing, among other things: changes in the demand for and methods of delivering healthcare services;services, particularly as telemedicine and telehealth gain popularity; a shift in the provision of healthcare services from inpatient to outpatient settings; changes in third party reimbursement policies; significant unused capacity in certain areas, which has created substantialmethods and policies, including an increased focus on value-based reimbursement with downside provider risk; consolidation and pressure to integrate within the healthcare industry through acquisitions, joint ventures and managed service organizations; increased scrutiny of billing, referral, and other practices by U.S. federal and state authorities; consolidation of health insurers; competition for patients among healthcare providersproviders; staffing shortages (particularly nursing staff) and increases in those areas; continuing pressure by privatewages as well as inflation in the cost of supplies; regulatory and governmental payorsgovernment reimbursement uncertainty, increased price transparency resulting from the Transparency in Coverage rule and the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021, the Hospital Price Transparency regulation of 2021, the No Surprises Act and other healthcare reform laws and court decisions on cases challenging the legality of such laws; federal and state government plans to reduce paymentsbudget deficits and address debt ceiling limits by lowering healthcare provider Medicaid payment rates; increased scrutiny of control over release of confidential patient medical information and increased attention to compliance with regulations designed to safeguard protected health information and cyberattacks on healthcare entities and their business associates (i.e., vendors who handle patient protected health information); increased federal government enforcement of the requirements of and fraud in relation to programs under which healthcare providers received COVID-19
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funding, including programs under the Coronavirus, Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act; anticipated increased scrutiny and enforcement of anti-trust laws by the Federal Trade Commission and Department of Justice Antitrust Division; and increased scrutiny of billing, referral and other practices by federal and state authorities; changes in federal and state healthcare program payment models; increase and expansion of government audits related to compliance with the HIPAA privacy and security rules; continued consolidation of providers; and increased emphasis on compliance with privacy and security requirements related to personal health information. In addition, the fines and penalties for a breach of the HIPAA privacy and security rules increased in 2013. If a tenant breaches a patient’s protected health information and is fined by the federal government, the tenant’s ability to operate and pay rent may be adversely impacted.authorities. These factors may adversely affect demand for healthcare facilities by potential future tenants and/or the economic performance of some or all of our tenants and, in turn, our lease revenues, and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Tenants of our healthcare properties may be subject to significant legal actions that could subject them to increased operating costs and substantial uninsured liabilities, which may affect their ability to pay their rent payments to us.
As is typical in the healthcare industry, certain types of tenants of our healthcare properties may often become subject to claims that their services have resulted in patient injury or other adverse effects. Many of these tenants may have experienced an increasing trend in the frequency and severity of professional liability and general liability insurance claims and litigation asserted against them. The insurance coverage maintained by these tenants may not cover all claims made against them nor continue to be available at a reasonable cost, if at all. In some states, insurance coverage for the risk of punitive damages arising from professional liability and general liability claims and/or litigation may not, in certain cases, be available to these tenants due to state law prohibitions or limitations of availability. As a result, these types of tenants of our healthcare properties operating in these states may be liable for punitive damage awards that are either not covered or are in excess of their insurance policy limits. We also believe that there has been, and will continue to be, an increase in governmental investigations of certain healthcare providers, particularly in the area of Medicare/Medicaid false claims, as well as an increase in enforcement actions resulting from these investigations. Insurance may not be available to cover such losses. Any adverse determination in a legal proceeding or governmental investigation, whether currently asserted or arising in the future, could have a material adverse effect on a tenant’s financial condition. If a tenant is unable to obtain or maintain insurance coverage, if judgments are obtained in excess of the insurance coverage, if a tenant is required to pay uninsured punitive damages, or if a tenant is subject to an uninsurable government enforcement action, the tenant could be exposed to substantial additional liabilities, which may affect the tenant’s ability to pay rent, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations, operation, and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Comprehensive healthcare reform legislation, the effects of which are not yet known, could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
On March 23, 2010, the President signed into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, or the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and on March 30, 2010, the President signed into law the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, or the Reconciliation Act, which in part modified the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Together, the two acts serve as the primary vehicle for comprehensive healthcare reform in the U.S (collectively, the “Healthcare Reform Act”). The acts are intended to reduce the number of individuals in the U.S. without health insurance and effect significant other changes to the ways in which healthcare is organized, delivered and reimbursed. Included with the legislation is a limitation on physician-owned hospitals from expanding, unless the facility satisfies very narrow federal exceptions to this limitation. Therefore, if our tenants are physicians that own and refer to a hospital, the hospital would be limited in its operations and expansion potential, which may limit the hospital’s services and resulting revenues and may impact the owner’s ability to make rental payments. The legislation will become effective through a phased approach, beginning in 2010 and concluding in 2018. On June 28, 2012, the United States Supreme Court upheld the individual mandate under the healthcare reform legislation, although substantially limiting the legislation’s expansion of Medicaid. However, on December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act") was signed into law. The Tax Act repeals the individual mandate beginning in 2019. At this time, the effects of healthcare reform and its impact on our properties are not yet known, but could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. See the risk factor entitled "Reductions in reimbursement from third party payors, including Medicare and Medicaid, could


adversely affect the profitability of our tenants and hinder their ability to make rental payments to us" above for information on legislation surrounding healthcare reform.
Risks Associated with Investments in the Data Center Property Sector
Our data center properties depend upon the technology industry and a reduction in the demand for technology-related real estate could adversely impact our ability to find or keep tenants for our data center properties, which would adversely affect our results of operations.
A portion of our portfolio of properties consists of data center properties. A decline in the technology industry or a decrease in the adoption of data center space for corporate enterprises could lead to a decrease in the demand for technology-related real estate, which may have a greater adverse effect on our business and financial condition than if we owned a portfolio with a more diversified tenant base. We are susceptible to adverse developments in the corporate and institutional data center and broader technology industries (such as business layoffs or downsizing, industry slowdowns, relocations of businesses, costs of complying with government regulations or increased regulation and other factors) and the technology-related real estate market (such as oversupply of or reduced demand for space). In addition, the rapid development of new technologies or the adoption of new industry standards could render many of our tenants’ current products and services obsolete or unmarketable and contribute to a downturn in their businesses, thereby increasing the likelihood that they default under their leases, become insolvent or file for bankruptcy.
Our data center properties may not be suitable for lease to certain data center, technology or office tenants without significant expenditures or renovations.
Because many of our data center properties will contain extensive tenant improvements installed at our tenants’ expense, they may be better suited for a specific corporate enterprise data center user or technology industry tenant and could require modification in order for us to re-lease vacant space to another corporate enterprise data center user or technology industry tenant. For the same reason, our properties also may not be suitable for lease to traditional office tenants without significant expenditures or renovations.
Our tenants may choose to develop new data centers or expand their existing data centers, which could result in the loss of one or more key tenants or reduce demand for our newly developed data centers.
Our larger tenants may choose to develop new data centers or expand any existing data centers of their own. In the event that any of our key tenants were to do so, it could result in a loss of business to us or put pressure on our pricing. If we lose a tenant, there is no guarantee that we would be able to replace that tenant at a competitive rate or at all.
Our data center infrastructure may become obsolete or less marketable and we may not be able to upgrade our power, cooling, security or connectivity systems cost-effectively or at all.
The markets for data centers, as well as the industries in which data center tenants operate, are characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, frequent new service introductions, shifting distribution channels and changing tenant demands. The data center infrastructure in some of the data centers that we have acquired or may acquire in the future may become obsolete or less marketable due to demand for new processes and/or technologies, including, without limitation: (i) new processes to deliver power to, or eliminate heat from, computer systems; (ii) demand for additional redundancy capacity; or (iii) new technology that permits lower levels of critical load and heat removal than our data centers are currently designed to provide.  In addition, the systems that connect our data centers to the Internet and other external networks may become outdated, including with respect to latency, reliability and diversity of connectivity.  When tenants demand new processes or technologies, we may not be able to upgrade our data centers on a cost effective basis, or at all, due to, among other things, increased expenses to us that cannot be passed on to the tenant or insufficient revenue to fund the necessary capital expenditures. The obsolescence of the power and cooling systems in such data centers and/or our inability to upgrade our data centers, including associated connectivity, could have a material negative impact on our business. Furthermore, potential future regulations that apply to industries we serve may require users in those industries to seek specific requirements from their data centers that we are unable to provide. These may include physical security regulations applicable to the defense industry and government contractors and privacy and security requirements applicable to the financial services and health care industries. Such regulations could have a material adverse effect on us. If our competitors offer data center space that our existing or potential data center users perceive to be superior to ours based on numerous factors, including power, security considerations, location or network connectivity, or if they offer rental rates below our or current market rates, we may lose existing or potential tenants, incur costs to improve our properties or be forced to reduce our rental rates.


Risks Associated with Debt Financing and Investments
Interest rate exposure could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay distributions to stockholders at our current level.
Our revenues are generated by our leases, which are typically medium-to-long-term leases with fixed rental rates, subject to periodic rent escalators. The unhedged portion of the Unsecured Credit Facility is subject to Term SOFR. The generally fixed nature of revenues and the variable rate of our debt obligations create interest rate risk for us. Increases in interest rates may not be matched by increases in our rental income, which could increase our expenses and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. During inflationary periods, interest rates have historically increased, which would have a direct effect on the interest expense of our borrowings. Our exposure to increases in interest rates is limited to our variable rate borrowings, which consist of borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2022, our total principal debt outstanding was $583,000,000, of which 16.8% was unhedged variable-rate debt and 83.2% was variable rate debt fixed through interest rate swaps. Therefore, a significant increase in interest rates could have an adverse impact on our financing costs and interest expense.
We expecthave broad authority to incur mortgage indebtednessdebt, and other borrowing, whichhigh debt levels could adversely impacthinder our ability to make distributions and could decrease the value of our stockholders’ investment ifinvestments.
High debt levels would cause us to incur higher interest charges, would result in higher debt service payments, and could be accompanied by restrictive covenants. These factors could limit the amount of cash we have available to distribute and could result in a decline in the value of the property securing the debt falls or if we are forced to refinance the debt during adverse economic conditions.our stockholders’ investments.
We expect thatincur borrowings, which may increase our business risks, and could hinder our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
We have obtained a credit facility and may obtain other similar financing arrangements in most instances, we will continueorder to acquire real properties by using either existing financing or borrowing new funds. In addition, weproperties. We may incur mortgage debt andalso decide to later further leverage our properties. We may pledge all or some of our real properties as security for that debt to obtain funds to acquire additional real properties. We may borrow if we need funds to satisfy the REIT tax qualification requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding net capital gain,pay a desired distribution rate to our stockholders. We may also may borrow if we otherwise deem it necessary or advisable to assureensure that we qualify orand maintain our qualification as a REIT.
We believe that utilizing borrowing is consistent with our objective of maximizing the return to investors. There is no limitation on the amount we may borrow against any single improved property. Our charter provides that, until such time as shares of our common stock are listed on a national securities exchange or traded in the over-the-counter market, our borrowings may not exceed 300% of our total net assets as of the date of any borrowing (which is the maximum level of indebtedness permitted under the NASAA REIT Guidelines absent a satisfactory showing that a higher level is appropriate), which is generally expected to be approximately 75% of the cost of our investments; however, we may exceed that limit if approved by a majority of our independent directors and disclosed to stockholders in our next quarterly report following such borrowing along with justification for exceeding such limit. This charter limitation, however, does not apply to individual real estate assets or investments. In addition, our board of directors has adopted investment policies that prohibit us from borrowing, following the completion of our Offering, in excess of 50% of the greater of cost (before deducting depreciation or other non-cash reserves) or fair market value of our assets, unless borrowing a greater amount is approved by a majority of our independent directors and disclosed to stockholders in our next quarterly report along with justification for the excess; provided, however, that this policy limitation does not apply to individual real estate assets or investments. At the date of acquisition of each asset, we anticipate that the cost of investment for such asset will be substantially similar to its fair market value, which will enable us to comply with the limitations of the NASAA REIT Guidelines set forth in our charter. However, subsequent events, including changes in the fair market value of our assets, could result in our exceeding these limitations. We expect that from time to time during the period of our Offering, we will seek independent director approval of borrowings in excess of these limitations since we will then be in the process of raising our equity capital to acquire our portfolio. As a result, we expect that our debt levels will be higher until we have invested most of our capital, which may cause us to incur higher interest charges, make higher debt service payments or be subject to restrictive covenants.
federal income tax purposes. If there is a shortfall between the cash flow from a propertyour properties and the cash flow needed to service mortgage debt, on a property, then the amount available for distributionsdistribution to our stockholders may be reduced. In addition, incurring mortgage debt increases the risk of loss since defaults on indebtedness secured by a property
Lenders may result in lenders initiating foreclosure actions. In that case, werequire us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could lose the property securing the loan that is in default, thus reducing the value of our stockholders’ investment. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, a foreclosure of any of our properties would be treated as a sale of the property for a purchase price equal to the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage. If the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage exceeds our tax basis in the property, we would recognize taxable income on foreclosure, but would not receive any cash proceeds. In such event, we may be unable to pay the amount of distributions required in order to maintain our REIT status. We may give full or partial guarantees to lenders of mortgage debt to the entities that own our properties. When we provide a guaranty on behalf of an entity that owns one of our properties, we will be responsible to the lender for satisfaction of the debt if it is not paid by such entity. If any mortgages contain cross-collateralization or cross-default provisions, a default on a single property could affect multiple properties. If any of our properties are foreclosed upon due to a default,limit our ability to pay cashmake distributions to stockholders at our current level.
When providing financing, a lender could impose restrictions on us that affect our distribution and operating policies, and our ability to incur additional debt. Loan documents we enter into may contain covenants that limit our ability to discontinue insurance coverage. These or other limitations may adversely affect our flexibility and limit our ability to make distributions to stockholders will be adversely affected which could result inat our losing our REIT status and would result in a decreasecurrent level.
Disruptions in the value of our stockholders’ investment.
Changes in the debtcredit markets could have a material adverse impacteffect on our earningsresults of operations, financial condition and financial condition.ability to pay distributions to stockholders at our current level.
TheIn the past, domestic and international commercial real estate debtfinancial markets are subject to volatility resultingexperienced significant disruptions which were brought about in from time to time, the tightening of underwriting standardslarge part by lenders and credit rating agencies, which results in lenders increasing the cost for debt financing. Should the overall cost of borrowings increase, either by increasesfailures in the index rates or by increases in lender spreads,U.S. banking system. International conflicts and resultant U.S. response, including financial sanctions, may also disrupt credit markets. These disruptions severely impacted the availability of credit and contributed to rising costs associated with obtaining credit. If debt financing is not available on terms and conditions we will needfind acceptable, we may not be able to factor such increases into the economics of future acquisitions. This may result in future acquisitions generating lower overall economic returns and potentially reducing future cash flow availableobtain financing for distribution.investments. If these disruptions in the debtcredit markets persist,resurface, our ability to borrow monies to finance the purchase of, or other activities related to, real estate assets will be negatively impacted. If we are unable to borrow monies on terms and conditions that we find acceptable, we likely will havemay be forced to reduce the number of properties we can purchase andand/or dispose of some of our assets. These disruptions could also adversely affect the return on the properties we do purchase may be lower. In addition, we may find it difficult, costly or impossible to refinance indebtedness which is maturing.


In addition, the state of the debt markets could have an impact on the overall amount of capital invested in real estate, which may result in price or value decreases of real estate assets. Although this may benefit us for future acquisitions, it could negatively impact the current value of our existing assets.
High mortgage rates may make it difficult for us to finance or refinance properties, which could reduce the number of properties we can acquire and the amount of cash distributions we can make.
If we place mortgage debt on properties, we run the risk of being unable to refinance the properties when the loans come due, or of being unable to refinance on favorable terms. If interest rates are higher when the properties are refinanced, we may not be able to finance the properties and our income could be reduced. If any of these events occur, our cash flow would be reduced. This, in turn, would reduce cash available for distribution to our stockholders and may hinder our ability to raise more capital by issuing more stock or by borrowing more money.
Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
In connection with providing us financing, certain of our lenders have and may impose restrictions on us that affect our distribution, investment and operating policies and our ability to incur additional debt. Loan documents we have entered into and may continue to enter into may contain covenants that limit our ability to further mortgage the property, discontinue insurance coverage or replace our Advisor. These or other limitations may adversely affect our flexibility and our ability to achieve our investment and operating objectives. Additionally, such restrictions could make it difficult for us to satisfy the requirements necessary to maintain our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Increases in interest rates could increase the amount of our debt payments and adversely affect our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
As of December 31, 2017, we had $568.1 million of fixed interest rate principal debt outstanding, of which $347.7 million was fixed through interest rate swaps, and $120.0 million of variable rate principal debt outstanding. As of December 31, 2017, our weighted average interest rate was 4.19%. Increases in interest rates would increase our interest costs, if we obtain additional variable rate debt, which could reduce our cash flows and our ability to pay distributions to stockholders.purchase. In addition, if we needpay fees to repay existing debt during periods of risinglock in a favorable interest rate, falling interest rates weor other factors could be requiredrequire us to liquidate one or moreforfeit these fees. All of our investments in properties at times that may not permit realization of the maximum returnthese events would have a material adverse effect on such investments.
We may invest in collateralized mortgage-backed securities, which may increase our exposure to credit and interest rate risk.
We may invest in collateralized mortgage-backed securities, or CMBS, which may increase our exposure to credit and interest rate risk. We have not adopted, and do not expect to adopt, any formal policies or procedures designed to manage risks associated with our investments in CMBS. In this context, credit risk is the risk that borrowers will default on the mortgages underlying the CMBS. We intend to manage this risk by investing in CMBS guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, such as the Government National Mortgage Association, or GNMA, or U.S. government sponsored enterprises, such as the Federal National Mortgage Association, or FNMA, or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or FHLMC. Interest rate risk occurs as prevailing market interest rates change relative to the current yield on the CMBS. For example, when interest rates fall, borrowers are more likely to prepay their existing mortgages to take advantage of the lower cost of financing. As prepayments occur, principal is returned to the holders of the CMBS sooner than expected, thereby lowering the effective yield on the investment. On the other hand, when interest rates rise, borrowers are more likely to maintain their existing mortgages. As a result, prepayments decrease, thereby extending the average maturity of the mortgages underlying the CMBS. We intend to manage interest rate risk by purchasing CMBS offered in tranches, or with sinking fund features, that are designed to match our investment objectives. If we are unable to manage these risks effectively, our results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay distributions to stockholders at our stockholders will be adversely affected.current level.
Any real estate debt security that we originate or purchase is subject to the risks
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We may originate and purchase real estate debt securities, which are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure and risks of loss. Typically, we will not have recourse to the personal assets of our borrowers. The ability of a borrower to repay a real estate debt security secured by an income-producing property depends primarily upon the successful operation of the property, rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the real estate debt security may be impaired. A property’s net operating income can be affected by, among other things:
increased costs, added costs imposed by franchisors for improvements or operating changes required, from time to time, under the franchise agreements;
property management decisions;


property location and condition;
competition from comparable types of properties;
changes in specific industry segments;
declines in regional or local real estate values, or occupancy rates; and
increases in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses.
We bear the risks of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the real estate debt security, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow from operations and limit amounts available for distribution to our stockholders. In the event of the bankruptcy of a real estate debt security borrower, the real estate debt security to that borrower will be deemed to be collateralized only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the lien securing the real estate debt security will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure of a real estate debt security can be an expensive and lengthy process that could have a substantial negative effect on our anticipated return on the foreclosed real estate debt security. We also may be forced to foreclose on certain properties, be unable to sell these properties and be forced to incur substantial expenses to improve operations at the property.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Risks
Failure to maintain our qualification as a REIT would adversely affect our operations and our ability to make distributions.
In order for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must satisfy certain requirements set forth in the Code and Treasury Regulations and various factual matters and circumstances that are not entirely within our control. We intend to structure our activities in a manner designed to satisfy all of these requirements. However, if certain of our operations were to be recharacterized by the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, such recharacterization could jeopardize our ability to satisfy all of the requirements for qualification as a REIT.
If we fail to maintain our qualification as a REIT for any taxable year and we do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income at corporate rates. In addition, we would generally be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the taxable year of losingin which we lost our REIT status. Losing our REIT status would reduce our net earnings available for investment or distribution to stockholders because of the additional corporate-level tax liability. In addition, distributions to stockholders would no longer qualify for the dividends-paid deduction, and we would no longer be required to make distributions. If this occurs, we might be required to borrow funds or liquidate some investments in order to pay the applicable tax. Our failure to qualify as a REIT would adversely affect the return of a stockholder's investment.stockholders' investments.
To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must meet annual distribution requirements, which may result in us distributing amounts that may otherwise be used for our operations and which could result in our inability to acquire appropriate assets.forgoing otherwise attractive investment opportunities.
To maintain the favorable tax treatment afforded to REITs under the Code, we generally will be required each year to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding net capital gain. To the extent that we do not distribute all of our net capital gains or distribute at least 90%, but less than 100%, of our REIT taxable income, as adjusted, we will have to pay tax on thosethe undistributed amounts at regular ordinary and capital gains corporate tax rates. Furthermore, if we fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum ofof: (a) 85% of our ordinary income for that year,year; (b) 95% of our capital gain net income for that year,year; and (c) any undistributed taxable income from prior periods, ((a) through (c), collectively referred to as the Required Distribution), we would have to pay a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the excess of the required distributionRequired Distribution over the sum of (a)(x) the amounts that we actually distributeddistributed; and (b) the amounts we retained and upon which we paid income tax at the corporate level. These requirements could cause us to distribute amounts that otherwise would be spent on investments in real estate assets, and it is possible that we might be required to borrow funds, possibly at unfavorable rates, or sell assets to fund these distributions. In addition, we could pay part of these required distributions in shares of our common stock, which wouldcould result in shareholdersstockholders having tax liabilities from such distributions in excess of the cash they receive. The treatment of such taxable share distributions is not clear, and itIt is possible the taxable share distribution will not count towards our distribution requirement, in which case adverse consequences could apply. Although we intend to continue to make distributions sufficient to meet the annual distribution requirements and to avoid U.S. federal income and excise taxes, it is possible that we might not always be able to do so.


Our stockholders may have current tax liability on distributions they elect to reinvest in our common stock but would not receive cash from such distributions, and therefore our stockholders would need to use funds from another source to pay such tax liability.
If our stockholders participate in our distribution reinvestment plan, they will be deemed to have received, and for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be taxed on, the amount reinvested in common stock to the extent the amount reinvested was not a tax-free return of capital. As a result, unless stockholders are a tax-exempt entity, they may have to use funds from other sources to pay their tax liability on distributions reinvested in our shares.
Certain of our business activities are potentially subject to the prohibited transaction tax, which could reduce the return on our stockholders’ investment.
Our ability to dispose of a property during the first few years following its acquisition ismay be restricted to a substantial extent as a result of our REIT status. Under applicable provisions of the Code regarding "prohibited transactions" by REITs, we would be subject to a 100% tax on any gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of any property (other than foreclosure property) that we own, directly or through any subsidiary entity, including our Operating Partnership, that is deemed to be inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of trade or business. Whether property is inventory or otherwise held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business depends on the particular facts and circumstances surrounding each property. Properties we own, directly or through any subsidiary entity, including our Operating Partnership, but generally excluding our taxable REIT subsidiaries, may, depending on how we conduct our operations, be treated as inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business. Under applicable provisions of the Code regarding prohibited transactions by REITs, we would be subject to a 100% tax on any gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of any property (other than foreclosure property) that we own, directly or through any subsidiary entity, including our Operating Partnership, but generally excluding our taxable REIT subsidiaries, that is deemed to be inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of trade or business. Any such taxes we pay would reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders. Our concern over payingdesire to avoid the prohibited transactions tax may cause us to forego disposition opportunities that would otherwise be advantageous if we were not a REIT.
In certain circumstances, we may be subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes as a REIT, which would reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
Even if we maintain our qualification as a REIT, we may be subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes. For example, net income from the sale of properties that are "dealer" properties sold by a REIT (a "prohibited transaction" under the Code) willwe may be subject to a 100%the prohibited transactions tax and/or the excise tax. We may not be abletax for failing to make (or be deemed to have made) sufficient distributions, to avoid excise taxes applicable to REITs.as described above. We also may decide to retain net capital gain we earn from the sale or other disposition of our property and pay income tax directly on such income. In that event, our stockholders would be treated as if they earned that income and paid the tax on it directly. However, stockholders that are tax-exempt, such as charities or qualified
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pension plans, would have no benefit from their deemed payment of such tax liability unless they file U.S. federal income tax returns and thereon seek a refund of such tax. Further, a 100% excise tax would be imposed on certain transactions between us and any potential taxable REIT subsidiaries that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. We also may be subject to state and local taxes on our income or property, either directly or at the level ofindirectly through our Operating Partnership or at the level of the other companies through which we indirectly own our assets. Any taxes we pay would reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
The use of taxable REIT subsidiaries, which may be required for REIT qualification purposes, would increase our overall tax liability and thereby reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
Some of our assets may need to be owned by, or operations may need to be conducted through, one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. Any of our taxable REIT subsidiaries would be subject to U.S. federal, state and local income tax on its taxable income.income at applicable corporate rates. The after-tax net income of our taxable REIT subsidiaries would be available for distribution to us. Further, we would incur a 100% excise tax on transactions with our taxable REIT subsidiaries that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. For example, to the extent that the rent paid by one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries exceeds an arm’s-length rental amount, such amount would be potentially subject to a 100% excise tax. While we intend that all transactions between us and our taxable REIT subsidiaries would be conducted on an arm’s-length basis, and therefore, any amounts paid by our taxable REIT subsidiaries to us would not be subject to the excise tax, no assurance can be given that no excise tax would not arise from such transactions. At this time, we have no taxable REIT subsidiaries.
Complying with REIT requirements may force us to forgo and/or liquidate otherwise attractive investment opportunities.
To qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders and the ownership of shares of our common stock. We may be required to forego otherwise attractive investments or make distributions to stockholders at disadvantageous times or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to operate solely on the basis of maximizing profits.
Complying with the REIT asset test requirements may force us to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.
To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must ensure that we meet the REIT gross income tests annually and that at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash items, government securities and qualified real estate assets, including certain mortgage loans and certain kinds of mortgage-related securities. The remainder of our investment in securities (other than government securities, taxable REIT subsidiaries and qualified real estate assets) generally cannot include more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. In addition, in general, no more than 5% of the value of our assets can consist of the securities (other than government securities, taxable REIT subsidiaries, and qualified real estate assets) of any one issuer. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, noNo more than 20% of the value of our total assets can be


represented by securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries.subsidiaries, and no more than 25% of the value of our assets may consist of "non-qualified publicly offered REIT instruments." If we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of any calendar quarter other than our first REIT calendar quarter, we must correct the failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT qualification and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate from our portfolio or not make otherwise attractive investments in order to maintain our qualification as a REIT. These actions could have the effect of reducing our income and amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.
If we fail to invest a sufficient amount of the net proceeds from selling our common stock in real estate assets within one year from the receipt of the proceeds, we could fail to qualify as a REIT.
Temporary investment of the net proceeds from sales of our common stock in short-term securities and income from such investment generally will allow us to satisfy various REIT income and asset requirements, but only during the one-year period beginning on the date we receive the net proceeds. If we are unable to invest a sufficient amount of the net proceeds from sales of our common stock in qualifying real estate assets within such one-year period, we could fail to satisfy one or more of the gross income or asset tests and/or we could be limited to investing all or a portion of any remaining funds in cash or cash equivalents. If we fail to satisfy any such income or asset test, unless we are entitled to relief under certain provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, we could fail to qualify as a REIT.
Recharacterization of sale-leaseback transactions may cause us to lose our REIT status, which would subject us to U.S. federal income tax at corporate rates, which would reduce the amounts available for distribution to our stockholders and threaten our ability to remain qualified as a REIT.
We have and may continue to purchase properties and lease them back to the sellers of such properties. While we will use our best efforts to structure any such sale-leaseback transaction such that the lease will be characterized as a true lease, thereby allowing us to be treated as the owner of the property for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the IRS could challenge such characterization. In the event that any such sale-leaseback is challenged and recharacterized as a financing transaction or loan for U.S. federal income tax purposes, deductions for depreciation and cost recovery relating to such property would be disallowed. If a sale-leaseback transaction were so recharacterized, we might fail to satisfy the REIT qualification asset tests or income tests and, consequently, lose our REIT status effective with the year of recharacterization. Alternatively, the amount of our REIT taxable income could be recalculated, which also might cause us to fail to meet the annual distribution requirement for a taxable year in the event we cannot make a sufficient deficiency dividend.
If our leases are not considered as true leases for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we wouldcould fail to qualify as a REIT.
To qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy two gross income tests, under which specified percentages of our gross income must be derived from certain sources, such as “rents from real property.” In order for rent paid to us to qualify as “rents from real property” for purposes of the REIT gross income tests, the leases must be respected as true leases for U.S. federal income tax purposes and not be treated as service contracts, joint ventures, or some other type of arrangement. If our leases are not respected as true leases for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we wouldcould fail to qualify as a REIT, which would materially and adversely impact the value of an investment in our securitiesshares and in our ability to pay dividends to our stockholders.
The lease of our properties to a TRS is subject to special requirements.
Under the provisions of the REIT Investment Diversification and Empowerment Act of 2007 (“RIDEA”), we may lease certain “qualified health care properties” to a TRS (or a limited liability company of which a TRS is a member). The TRS in turn would contract with a third party operator to manage the health care operations at these properties. The rents paid by a TRS in this structure would be treated as qualifying rents from real property for purposes of the REIT requirements only if (i) they are paid pursuant to an arm’s-length lease of a qualified health care property and (ii) the operator qualifies as an “eligible independent contractor” with respect to the property. An operator will qualify as an eligible independent contractor if it meets certain ownership tests with respect to us, and if, at the time the operator enters into the property management agreement, the operator is actively engaged in the trade or business of operating qualified health care properties for any person who is not a related person to us or the TRS. If any of the above conditions were not satisfied, then the rents would not be considered income from a qualifying source for purposes of the REIT rules, which could cause us to incur penalty taxes or to fail to qualify as a REIT.
Legislative or regulatory action could adversely affect the returns to our investors.
In recent years, numerous legislative, judicial and administrative changes have been made in the provisions of U.S. federal income tax laws applicable to investments similar to an investment in shares of our common stock. Additional changes to the tax laws are likely to continue to occur, and we cannot assure you that any such changes will not adversely affect our taxation and our ability to continue to qualify as a REIT or the taxation of a stockholder. Any such changes could have ana material adverse effect on an investment in our shares or on the market value or the resale potential of our assets. Our stockholders are urged to consult with their own tax advisoradvisors with respect to the impact of recent legislation on their investment in our shares and the


status of legislative, regulatory or administrative developments and proposals and their potential effect on an investment in our shares.
Although REITs generally receive better tax treatment than entities taxed as regular corporations, it is possible that future legislation would result in a REIT having fewer tax advantages, and it could become more advantageous for a company that
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invests in real estate to elect to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a regular corporation. As a result, our charter provides our board of directorsthe Board with the power, under certain circumstances, to revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election and cause us to be taxed as a regular corporation, without the vote of our stockholders. Our board of directorsThe Board has fiduciary duties to us and our stockholders and could only cause such changes in our tax treatment if it determines in good faith that such changes are in the best interests of our stockholders.
In addition, on December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was signed into law. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act makes significant changes to the U.S. federal income tax rules for taxation of individuals and businesses, generally effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. In addition to reducing corporate and individual tax rates, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act eliminates or restricts various deductions. Most of the changes applicable to individuals are temporary and apply only to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act makes numerous changes to the tax rules that do not affect the REIT qualification rules directly, but may otherwise affect us or our stockholders.
While the changes in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act generally appear to be favorable with respect to REITs, the extensive changes to non-REIT provisions in the Internal Revenue Code may have unanticipated effects on us or our stockholders. Moreover, Congressional leaders have recognized that the process of adopting extensive tax legislation in a short amount of time without hearings and substantial time for review is likely to have led to drafting errors, issues needing clarification and unintended consequences that will have to be revisited in subsequent tax legislation. At this point, it is not clear if or when Congress will address these issues or when the IRS will issue administrative guidance on the changes made in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
We urge you to consult with your own tax advisor with respect to the status of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and other legislative, regulatory or administrative developments and proposals and their potential effect on an investment in shares of our common stock.
Dividends payable by REITs generally do not qualify for reducedare subject to a higher tax ratesrate than regular corporate dividends under current law.
The maximum U.S. federal income tax rate for certain qualified dividends“qualified dividends” payable to U.S. stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates generally is 20%. Dividends payable by REITs, however, are generally not eligible for the reduced rates for qualified dividends and thereforeare taxed at ordinary income rates. However, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, and before January 1, 2026, U.S. stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates generally may be subject todeduct 20% of ordinary dividends from a higherREIT resulting in an effective maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of 29.6% on ordinary income when paidsuch income. Although these rules do not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or dividends payable by REITs, to such stockholders. The more favorablethe extent that the reduced rates applicablecontinue to apply to regular corporate qualified dividends, under current law could cause investors whothat are individuals, trusts and estates or are otherwise sensitive to these lower rates tomay perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could materially and adversely affect the value of the stockshares of REITs, including our common stock.
If our Operating Partnership fails to maintain its status as a partnership, its income may be subject to taxation, which would reduce the cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
We intend to maintain the status of our Operating Partnership as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, if the IRS were to successfully challenge the status of our Operating Partnership as a partnership or disregarded entity for such purposes, it would be taxable as a corporation. In such event, this would reduce the amount of distributions that our Operating Partnership could make to us. This would also result in our losing REIT status, and becoming subject to a corporate level tax on our own income. This would substantially reduce our cash available to pay distributions and the yield on our stockholders’ investment. In addition, if any of the partnerships or limited liability companies through which our Operating Partnership owns its properties, in whole or in part, loses its characterization as a partnership and is otherwise not disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it would be subject to taxation as a corporation, thereby reducing distributions to our Operating Partnership. Such a recharacterization of an underlying property owner could also threaten our ability to maintain REIT status.status and would have a material adverse impact on us.
Foreign purchasers of our common stockshares may be subject to FIRPTA tax upon the sale of their shares or upon the payment of a capital gain dividend, which would reduce any gainsthe net amount they would otherwise haverealize on their investment in our shares.
A foreign person (other than certain foreign pension plans and certain foreign publicly traded entities) disposing of a U.S. real property interest, including shares of a U.S. corporation whose assets consist principally of U.S. real property interests, is generally subject to the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980, as amended, or FIRPTA, on the gain recognized on the disposition. However, certain foreign pension plans and certain foreign publicly traded entities are exempt from FIRPTA withholding. Further, suchSuch FIRPTA tax does not apply to the disposition of stock in a REIT if the REIT is “domestically controlled.” A REIT is "domestically controlled" if less than 50% of the REIT’s stock, by value, has been owned directly or indirectly by persons who are not qualifying U.S. persons during a continuous five-year period ending on the date of disposition or, if shorter, during the entire period of the REIT’s existence. We cannot assure


our stockholders that we will qualify as a "domestically controlled" REIT. If we were to fail to so qualify, any gain realized by foreign investors on a sale of our shares would be subject to FIRPTA tax, unless our shares were traded on an established securities market and the foreign investor did not at any time during a specified testing period directly or indirectly own more than 10% of the value of our outstanding common stock.
A foreign investor also may be subject to FIRPTA tax upon the payment of any capital gain dividend by us, which dividend is attributable to gain from sales or exchanges of U.S. real property interests. We encourage our stockholders to consult their own tax advisor to determine the tax consequences applicable to them if they are a foreign investor.
Employee Benefit Plan, IRA, and Other Tax-Exempt InvestorERISA Risks
We, andIf our stockholders thatassets are employee benefit plans, IRAs, annuities described in Sections 403(a) or (b) of the Internal Revenue Code, Archer MSAs, health savings accounts, or Coverdell education savings accounts (referreddeemed to generally as Benefit Plans and IRAs) will be subjectERISA plan assets, we may be exposed to risks relating specifically to our having such Benefit Plan and IRA stockholders, which risks are discussed below.
If a stockholder fails to meet the fiduciary and other standardsliabilities under ERISA or the Internal Revenue Code as a result of an investment in shares of our common stock, such stockholder could be subject to civil penalties (and criminal penalties, if the failure is willful).
There are special considerations that apply to Benefit Plans or IRAs investing in shares of our common stock. If a stockholder is investing the assets of a Benefit Plan or IRA in us, he or she should consider:
whether the investment is consistent with the applicable provisionsTitle I of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code,Code.
In some circumstances where an Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or any other applicable governing authorityERISA, plan holds an interest in an entity, the caseassets of a government plan;the entire entity are deemed to be ERISA plan assets unless an exception applies. This is
whether
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known as the stockholder's investment is made in accordance with"look-through rule." Under those circumstances, the documents and instruments governing his or her Benefit Plan or IRA, including any investment policy;
whether the stockholder's investment satisfies the prudence, diversificationobligations and other requirementsresponsibilities of Sections 404(a)(1)(B)plan sponsors, plan fiduciaries and 404(a)(1)(C)plan administrators, and of ERISA;
whether the stockholder's investment will impair the liquidity needs to satisfy minimumparties in interest and other distribution requirements of the Benefit Plan or IRA and tax withholding requirements that may be applicable;
whether the stockholder's investment will constitute a prohibited transactiondisqualified persons, under Section 406Title I of ERISA orand Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code;
whether the stockholder's investment will produce or result in “unrelated business taxable income” or UBTI,Code, as defined in Sections 511 through 514 of the Internal Revenue Code, to the Benefit Plan or IRA;applicable, may be applicable, and
the stockholder's need to value the assets of the Benefit Plan or IRA annually in accordance with ERISA there may be liability under these and the Internal Revenue Code.     
In addition to considering their fiduciary responsibilities under ERISA and the prohibited transaction rulesother provisions of ERISA and the Internal RevenueCode. We believe that our assets should not be treated as plan assets because the shares should qualify as "publicly-offered securities" that are exempt from the look-through rules under applicable Treasury Regulations. We note, however, that because certain limitations are imposed upon the transferability of shares so that we may qualify as a REIT, and perhaps for other reasons, it is possible that this exemption may not apply. If that is the case, and if we are exposed to liability under ERISA or the Code, a Benefit Plan or IRA purchasingour performance and results of operations could be adversely affected. Prior to making an investment in us, you should consult with your legal and other advisors concerning the impact of ERISA and the Code on your investment and our performance.
General Risk Factors
Our shares of our common stock are not listed on an exchange, and we are not required to provide for a liquidity event. Therefore, it may be difficult for stockholders to sell their shares and, if stockholders are able to sell their shares, they will likely sell them at a substantial discount. Our stockholders are also limited in their ability to sell their shares pursuant to our share repurchase program and may have to hold their shares for an indefinite period of time.
There is currently no public market for our shares. Although we presently intend to consider alternatives for providing liquidity to our stockholders, we do not have a fixed date or method for providing stockholders with liquidity, and our completion of a liquidity event is not guaranteed. If we do not pursue a liquidity transaction, or delay such a transaction due to market conditions, shares may continue to be illiquid and stockholders may, for an indefinite period of time, be unable to convert their investment to cash easily and could suffer losses on their investment. If our stockholders are able to find a buyer for their shares, our stockholders likely will have to sell them at a substantial discount to their purchase price. Moreover, investors should considernot rely on our share repurchase program as a method to sell shares promptly because our share repurchase program includes numerous restrictions that limit stockholders' ability to sell shares to us, and the effectBoard may suspend (in whole or in part) the share repurchase program at any time, and may amend, reduce or terminate our share repurchase program upon 30 days' prior notice to our stockholders for any reason it deems appropriate. The restrictions of our share repurchase program limit our stockholders’ ability to sell their shares should they require liquidity and limit our stockholders’ ability to recover the plan asset regulationsvalue they invested. We can only repurchase shares due to death or involuntary exigent circumstance in accordance with our share repurchase program, subject in each case to specified terms and limitations, including, but not limited to, quarterly share limitations, an annual 5.0% share limitation, and DRIP funding limitations. See Part II, Item 5. "Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities" for more information on the U.S. Departmentlimitations of Labor. To avoidour share repurchase program.
It may be difficult to accurately reflect material events that may impact our Estimated Per Share NAV between valuations, and accordingly we may be selling and repurchasing shares at too high or too low a price.
Estimated Per Share NAV is based on the estimated value of our assets from being considered plan assets under those regulations, our charter prohibits “benefit plan investors” from owning 25.0% or more ofless the sharesestimated value of our liabilities divided by the number of shares outstanding, calculated as of a certain date. The Estimated Per Share NAV of each of our Class A common stock, prior to the time that theClass I common stock qualifiesand Class T common stock is an estimate as of a classcertain time and may not reflect the value that stockholders will receive for their investment. The Estimated Per Share NAV is determined by an independent third-party valuation firm, the engagement of publicly-offered securities, withinwhich is approved by the meaningAudit Committee. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, rules provide no guidance on the methodology an issuer must use to determine its estimated value per share. As with any valuation methodology, our independent valuation firm's methodology is based upon a number of the ERISA plan asset regulations. However, we cannot assure our stockholdersestimates and assumptions that those provisions in our charter willmay not be effective in limiting benefit plan investor ownershipaccurate or complete. Some of these estimates and assumptions relate to less than the 25.0% limit. For example, the limitpotential, future events and expectations, so they are inherently subject to inaccuracy and differences from actual results. Different parties with different assumptions and estimates could derive a different estimated value per share, and these differences could be unintentionally exceeded if a benefit plan investor misrepresents its status as a benefit plan. Even ifsignificant. The Estimated Per Share NAV is not audited and does not represent the fair value of our assets are not consideredor liabilities according to be plan assets, a prohibited transaction could occur if weU.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or any of our affiliates is a fiduciary (within the meaning of ERISA)GAAP. Accordingly, with respect to the Estimated Per Share NAV, we can give no assurance that: (i) a Benefit Plan or IRA purchasing shares of our common stock, and, therefore, in the event any such persons are fiduciaries (within the meaning of ERISA) of a stockholder's Benefit Plan or IRA, such stockholder should not purchase shares of our common stock unless an administrative or statutory exemption applieswould be able to resell his or her purchase.shares at the Estimated Per Share NAV; (ii) a stockholder would ultimately realize distributions per share equal to the Estimated Per Share NAV upon liquidation of our assets and settlement of our liabilities or a sale of the company; (iii) our shares of common stock would trade at the Estimated Per Share NAV on a national securities exchange; (iv) a different independent third-party appraiser or other third-party valuation firm would agree with the Estimated Per Share NAV; or (v) the methodology used to estimate our NAV per share would be acceptable to FINRA or comply with ERISA reporting requirements.
The U.S. Departmentvalue of Labor has issued a final regulation revisingour shares will fluctuate over time in response to developments related to individual assets in the definition of “fiduciary”portfolio and the scopemanagement of “investment advice” under ERISA,those assets and in response to the real estate and finance markets. We expect to engage an independent valuation firm to update the Estimated Per Share NAV at least annually.
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Cybersecurity risks and cyber incidents may adversely affect our business by causing a disruption to our operations, a compromise or corruption of our confidential information, and/or damage to our business relationships, all of which could negatively impact our financial results.
We consider a cyber incident to be any adverse event that threatens the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our information resources. These incidents may be an intentional attack or an unintentional event and could involve gaining unauthorized access to our information systems for purposes of misappropriating assets, stealing confidential information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. The result of these incidents may include disrupted operations, misstated or unreliable financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, increased cybersecurity protection and insurance costs, litigation and damage to our tenant and investor relationships. As our reliance on technology has increased, so have the risks posed to our information systems, both internal and those we have outsourced. There is no guarantee that any processes, procedures and internal controls we have implemented or will implement will prevent cyber intrusions, which could have a negative impact on our abilityfinancial results, operations, business relationships or confidential information.
We expect that most of our properties will continue to raise capital.
On April 8, 2016,be located in the U.S. Department of Labor issued a final regulation that substantially expands the range of activities thatcontinental United States and would be consideredaffected by economic downturns, as well as economic cycles and risks inherent to be fiduciary investment advice under ERISAthat area.
Our properties are concentrated in, and we expect to continue to acquire commercial real estate located in the continental United States; however, we may purchase properties in other jurisdictions. Real estate markets are subject to economic downturns, as they have been in the past, and we cannot predict how economic conditions will impact this market in both the short and long term. Declines in the economy or a decline in the real estate market in the continental United States could hurt our financial performance and the Internal Revenue Code, which may make it more difficult to qualify for a prohibited transaction exemption. This new regulation could have negative implications onvalue of our ability to raise capital from potential investors, including those investing through IRAs or other arrangements. Prior toproperties. The factors affecting economic conditions in the issuance of the new regulation, ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code broadly defined fiduciaries to include persons who give


investment advice for a fee, regardless of whether that fee is paid directly by the customer or by a third party. However, prior law required that advice must be given on a “regular basis” before a fiduciary standard would apply, and that a mutual agreement or understanding between the customer and the adviser that the advice would serve as a primary basis for the investment decision would also be required. Under the new regulation, a person is a fiduciary if the person receives compensation for providing advice (a “recommendation” or “communication that would reasonably be viewed as a suggestion that the recipient engage in or refrain from taking a particular course of action”) with the understanding it is based on the particular needs of the person being advised or that it is directed to a specific plan sponsor, plan participant, or IRA owner. Such decisions cancontinental United States real estate market include, but are not limited to, what assets to purchaseto: financial performance and productivity of, among others, the publishing, advertising, financial, technology, retail, insurance and real estate industries; business layoffs or selldownsizing; industry slowdowns; relocations of businesses; changing demographics; increased telecommuting and (unlikeuse of alternative workplaces; infrastructure quality; any oversupply of, or reduced demand for, real estate; concessions or reduced rental rates under prior law) whether to rollovernew leases for properties where tenants defaulted; increased insurance premiums; and increased interest rates.
Distributions paid from an employment-based plan to an IRA. The fiduciary can be a broker, registered investment adviser orsources other typethan our cash flows from operations, including from the proceeds of adviser, some of which are subject to federal securities laws and some of which are not. The final regulation and the related exemptions were expected to become applicable for investment transactions on and after April 10, 2017. However, on February 3, 2017, the President asked for additional review of this regulation. In response, on March 2, 2017, the U.S. Department of Labor published a notice seeking public comments on, among other things, a proposal to adopt a 60-day delay of the April 10 applicability date of the final regulation. On April 7, 2017, the U.S. Department of Labor published a final rule extending the applicability date of the final regulation to June 9, 2017. However, certain requirements and exemptions under the regulation are implemented through a phased-in approach, and on November 27, 2017, the U.S. Department of Labor further delayed the implementation of certain requirements and exemptions. Therefore, certain requirements and exemptionsour Offerings, will not take effect until July 1, 2019. On March 15, 2018, the U.S. Court of Appealsresult in us having fewer funds available for the Fifth Circuit vacated the fiduciary rule in its entirety, including the expanded definitionacquisition of "investment advice fiduciary"properties and the associated exemptions. Accordingly, the final regulation does not apply in the Fifth Circuit,real estate-related investments, which includes Texas, Louisiana and Mississippi. It is unclear what impact this ruling will have on the final regulation - the U.S. Department of Labor could, among other things, seek review by the U.S. Supreme Court or further revise or withdraw the final regulation.
The final regulation and the accompanying exemptions are complex and may be subject to further revision or withdrawal. Plan fiduciaries and the beneficial owners of IRAs are urged to consult with their own advisors regarding the impact of the final regulation on purchasing and holding shares of common stock in the Company. The final regulation could have negative implications onadversely affect our ability to raise capitalfund future distributions with cash flows from potential investors, including those investing through IRAs.operations and may adversely affect a stockholder's overall return.
If stockholders investWe have previously paid, and may pay in the future, distributions from sources other than from our shares through an IRA or other retirement plan, theycash flows from operations. We may be limited in theirpay, and have no limits on the amounts we may pay, distributions from any source, such as the sale of assets and the sale of additional securities. Funding distributions from the sale of assets may affect our ability to withdraw required minimum distributions.
If stockholders establish a plan or account through which to invest in our common stock, federal law may require stockholders to withdraw required minimumgenerate cash flows. Funding distributions from such planthe sale of additional securities could dilute stockholders' interest in the future. Our stock will be highly illiquid, and our share repurchase program only offers limited liquidity. If stockholders require liquidity, they may generallyus if we sell their shares, but such sale may be at a price less than the price at which the stockholder initially purchased his or her shares of our common stock. Ifstock to third party investors. As a stockholder fails to withdraw required minimumresult, the return investors may realize on their investment may be reduced and investors who invested in us before we generated significant cash flow may realize a lower rate of return than later investors. Payment of distributions from his or her plan or account, the stockholder may be subject to certain taxes and tax penalties.
Specific rules apply to foreign, governmental and church plans.
As a general rule, certain employee benefit plans, including foreign pension plans, governmental plans established or maintained in the United States (as defined in Section 3(32) of ERISA), and certain church plans (as defined in Section 3(33) of ERISA), are not subject to ERISA’s requirements and are not “benefit plan investors” within the meaningany of the plan asset regulationsaforementioned sources could restrict our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations, affect our profitability and/or affect the distributions payable upon a liquidity event, any or all of The U.S. Department of Labor. Any such plan that is qualified and exempt from taxation under Sections 401(a) and 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Codewhich may nonetheless be subject to the prohibited transaction rules set forthhave an adverse effect on an investment in Section 503 of the Internal Revenue Code and, under certain circumstances in the case of church plans, Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code. Also, some foreign plans and governmental plans may be subject to foreign, state, or local laws which are, to a material extent, similar to the provisions of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code. Each fiduciary of a plan subject to any such similar law should make its own determination as to the need for and the availability of any exemption relief.us.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.


Item 2. Properties.
Our principal executive offices areoffice is located at 4890 West Kennedy Blvd.,1001 Water Street, Suite 650,800, Tampa, Florida 33609. We do not have an address separate from our Advisor or our Sponsor.
33602. As of December 31, 2017,2022, we owned a portfolio of 53132 real estate investments, consisting of 70 properties, located in 37 MSAs and one µSA, comprisingcomposed of approximately 5,190,0005,535,000 rentable square feet of commercial space.spaces, and two undeveloped land parcels. As of December 31, 2017, 402022, 118 of our real estate investmentsproperties were single-tenant commercial properties and 1314 of our real estate investmentsproperties were multi-tenant commercial properties.multi-tenant. As of December 31, 2017, 97.7%2022, 99.5% of our rentable square feet was leased, with a weighted average remaining lease term of 10.349.3 years. As of December 31, 2022, all of our real estate investments are in healthcare properties and undeveloped land parcels.

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Property Statistics
The following table shows the property statistics of our real estate portfolio as of December 31, 2017:2022:
Property NameMSA/µSADate AcquiredYear ConstructedYear Renovated% LeasedLeased Sq FtEncumbrances,
$ (in thousands)
Houston Healthcare FacilityHouston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX07/31/20141993100%13,645 (1)
Cincinnati Healthcare FacilityCincinnati, OH-KY-IN10/29/20142001100%14,868 (1)
Winston-Salem Healthcare FacilityWinston-Salem, NC12/17/20142004100%22,200 (1)
Stoughton Healthcare FacilityBoston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH12/23/201419731997100%180,744 (1)
Fort Worth Healthcare FacilityDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX12/31/20142014100%83,464 (1)
Fort Worth Healthcare Facility IIDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX12/31/20142014100%8,268 (1)
Winter Haven Healthcare FacilityLakeland-Winter Haven, FL01/27/20152009100%7,560 (1)
Overland Park Healthcare FacilityKansas City, MO-KS02/17/20152014100%54,568 (1)
Clarion Healthcare FacilityPittsburgh, PA06/01/20152012100%33,000 (1)
Webster Healthcare FacilityHouston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX06/05/20152015100%53,514 (1)
Augusta Healthcare FacilityAugusta-Waterville, ME (µSA)07/22/20152010100%51,000 (1)
Cincinnati Healthcare Facility IICincinnati, OH-KY-IN07/22/201519602014100%139,428 (1)
Cincinnati Healthcare Facility IIICincinnati, OH-KY-IN07/22/20152014100%41,600 (1)
Florence Healthcare FacilityCincinnati, OH-KY-IN07/22/20152014100%41,600 (1)
Oakland Healthcare FacilityAugusta-Waterville, ME (µSA)07/22/20152004100%20,000 (1)
Wyomissing Healthcare FacilityPhiladelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD07/24/20152007100%33,217 (1)
Luling Healthcare FacilityAustin-Round Rock, TX07/30/20152003100%40,901 (1)
Omaha Healthcare FacilityOmaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA10/14/20152014100%40,402 (1)
Sherman Healthcare FacilitySherman-Denison, TX11/20/201520052010100%57,576 (1)
Sherman Healthcare Facility IISherman-Denison, TX11/20/20152005100%8,055 (1)
Fort Worth Healthcare Facility IIIDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX12/23/201519982007/2015100%36,800 (1)
Oklahoma City Healthcare FacilityOklahoma City, OK12/29/201519851998/2003100%94,076 (1)
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility IIOklahoma City, OK12/29/201519941999100%41,394 (1)
Edmond Healthcare FacilityOklahoma City, OK01/20/20162002100%17,700 (1)
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility IIIOklahoma City, OK01/27/20162006100%5,000 (1)
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility IVOklahoma City, OK01/27/20162007100%8,762 (1)
Newcastle Healthcare FacilityOklahoma City, OK02/03/201619951999100%7,424 (1)
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility VOklahoma City, OK02/11/20162008100%43,676 (1)
Rancho Mirage Healthcare FacilityRiverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA03/01/20162018100%47,008 (1)
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility VIOklahoma City, OK03/07/20162007100%14,676 (1)
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility VIIOklahoma City, OK06/22/20162016100%102,978 (1)
Las Vegas Healthcare FacilityLas Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV06/24/20162017100%56,220 (1)
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility VIIIOklahoma City, OK06/30/201619972008100%62,857 (1)
Marlton Healthcare FacilityPhiladelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD11/01/20161995100%89,139 (1)
Grand Rapids Healthcare FacilityGrand Rapids-Wyoming, MI12/07/2016200880%86,008 (1)
Corpus Christi Healthcare FacilityCorpus Christi, TX12/22/201619922016100%25,102 (1)
Aurora Healthcare FacilityChicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI03/30/20172002100%24,722 (1)
Allen Healthcare FacilityDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX03/31/20172007100%42,627 (1)
Austin Healthcare FacilityAustin-Round Rock, TX03/31/20172012100%66,095 (1)
Beaumont Healthcare FacilityBeaumont-Port Arthur, TX03/31/20171991100%61,000 (1)
San Antonio Healthcare FacilitySan Antonio-New Braunfels, TX06/29/20171984100%44,746 (1)
Silverdale Healthcare FacilityBremerton-Silverdale, WA08/25/20172005100%26,127 (1)
Silverdale Healthcare Facility IIBremerton-Silverdale, WA09/20/20172007100%19,184 (1)
Saginaw Healthcare FacilitySaginaw, MI12/21/20172002100%87,843 (1)
Carrollton Healthcare FacilityDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX04/27/20182015100%21,990 (1)
Katy Healthcare FacilityHouston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX06/08/20182015100%34,296 (1)
Indianola Healthcare FacilityDes Moines-West Des Moines, IA09/26/20182014100%18,116 (1)
Indianola Healthcare Facility IIDes Moines-West Des Moines, IA09/26/20182011100%20,990 (1)
Benton Healthcare FacilityLittle Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR10/17/20181992/19992012100%104,419 (1)
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Real Estate Investments MSA/µSA Segment Number of Properties Date Acquired Year Constructed Year Renovated Physical Occupancy Gross Leased Area (Sq Ft) 
Encumbrances, $ (in thousands) (8)
Cy Fair Surgical Center Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Healthcare 1 07/31/2014 1993 N/A 100% 13,645 
(1) 
Mercy Healthcare Facility Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN Healthcare 1 10/29/2014 2001 N/A 100% 14,868 
(1) 
Winston-Salem, NC IMF Winston-Salem, NC Healthcare 1 12/17/2014 2004 N/A 100% 22,200 
(1) 
New England Sinai Medical Center(2)
 Boston-Cambridge-
Newton, MA-NH
 Healthcare 1 12/23/2014 1967/1973 1997 100% 180,744 
(1) 
Baylor Surgical Hospital at Fort Worth Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Healthcare 1 12/31/2014 2014 N/A 100% 83,464 
(1) 
Baylor Surgical Hospital Integrated Medical Facility Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Healthcare 1 12/31/2014 2014 N/A 87.31% 7,219 
(1) 
Winter Haven Healthcare Facility Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL Healthcare 1 01/27/2015 2009 N/A 100% 7,560 
 
Heartland Rehabilitation Hospital Kansas City, MO-KS Healthcare 1 02/17/2015 2014 N/A 100% 54,568 
(1) 
Indianapolis Data Center Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN Data Center 1 04/01/2015 2000 2014 100% 43,724 
(1) 
Clarion IMF Pittsburgh, PA Healthcare 1 06/01/2015 2012 N/A 100% 33,000 
(1) 
Post Acute Webster Rehabilitation Hospital Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Healthcare 1 06/05/2015 2015 N/A 100% 53,514 
(1) 
Eagan Data Center St. Cloud, MN Data Center 1 06/29/2015 1998 2015 100% 87,402 
(1) 
Houston Surgical Hospital and LTACH Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Healthcare 1 06/30/2015 1950 2005/2008 100% 102,369 
(1) 
Kentucky Maine Ohio IMF Portfolio 
(3) 
 Healthcare 5 07/22/2015 
(3) 
 
(3) 
 100% 293,628 
(1) 
Reading Surgical Hospital Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Healthcare 1 07/24/2015 2007 N/A 100% 33,217 
(1) 
Post Acute Warm Springs Specialty Hospital of Luling Austin-Round Rock, TX Healthcare 1 07/30/2015 2002 N/A 100% 40,901 
(1) 
Minnetonka Data Center Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Data Center 1 08/28/2015 1985 N/A 100% 135,240 
(1) 
Nebraska Healthcare Facility Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA Healthcare 1 10/14/2015 2014 N/A 100% 40,402 
(1) 
Heritage Park Portfolio Sherman-Denison, TX Healthcare 2 11/20/2015 
(4) 
 
(4) 
 100% 65,631 
(1) 
Baylor Surgery Center at Fort Worth Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Healthcare 1 12/23/2015 1998 2007/2015 100% 36,800 
(1) 
HPI Portfolio Oklahoma City, OK Healthcare 9 
(5) 
 
(5) 
 
(5) 
 100% 335,686 
47,500 (5) 
Waco Data Center Waco, TX Data Center 1 12/30/2015 1956 2009 100% 43,596 
(1) 
Alpharetta Data Center III Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA Data Center 1 02/02/2016 1999 N/A 100% 77,322 
 
Flint Data Center Flint, MI Data Center 1 02/02/2016 1987 N/A 100% 32,500 
(1) 
Vibra Rehabilitation Hospital Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA Healthcare 1 03/01/2016 
(6) 
 N/A —%  
 
Tennessee Data Center Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin, TN Data Center 1 03/31/2016 2015 N/A 100% 71,726 
(1) 
Post Acute Las Vegas Rehabilitation Hospital Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV Healthcare 1 06/24/2016 2017 N/A 100% 56,220 
 
Somerset Data Center New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA Data Center 1 06/29/2016 1973 2006 100% 36,118 
(1) 
Integris Lakeside Women's Hospital Oklahoma City, OK Healthcare 1 06/30/2016 1997 2008 100% 62,857 
(1) 
AT&T Hawthorne Data Center Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA Data Center 1 09/27/2016 1963 1983/2001 100% 288,000 39,749
McLean Data Center Portfolio Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Data Center 2 10/17/2016 
(7) 
 
(7) 
 97.31% 127,796 51,000
Select Medical Rehabilitation Facility Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Healthcare 1 11/01/2016 1995 N/A 100% 89,139 31,790
Andover Data Center II Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Data Center 1 11/08/2016 2000 N/A 100% 153,000 
(1) 


Property NameMSA/µSADate AcquiredYear ConstructedYear Renovated% LeasedLeased Sq FtEncumbrances,
$ (in thousands)
Benton Healthcare Facility IILittle Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR10/17/20181983100%11,350 (1)
Bryant Healthcare FacilityLittle Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR10/17/20181995100%23,450 (1)
Hot Springs Healthcare FacilityLittle Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR10/17/20182009100%8,573 (1)
Clive Healthcare FacilityDes Moines-West Des Moines, IA11/26/20182008100%58,156 (1)
Valdosta Healthcare FacilityValdosta, GA11/28/20182004100%24,750 (1)
Valdosta Healthcare Facility IIValdosta, GA11/28/20181992100%12,745 (1)
Bryant Healthcare Facility IILittle Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR08/16/20192016100%16,425 (1)
Laredo Healthcare FacilityLaredo, TX09/19/20191998100%61,677 (1)
Laredo Healthcare Facility IILaredo, TX09/19/20191998100%118,132 (1)
Poplar Bluff Healthcare FacilityPoplar Bluff, MO (µSA)09/19/20192013100%71,519 (1)
Tucson Healthcare FacilityTucson, AZ09/19/20191998100%34,009 (1)
Akron Healthcare FacilityAkron, OH10/04/20192012100%98,705 (1)
Akron Healthcare Facility IIAkron, OH10/04/20192013100%38,564 (1)
Akron Healthcare Facility IIIAkron, OH10/04/20192008100%54,000 (1)
Alexandria Healthcare FacilityAlexandria, LA10/04/20192007100%15,600 (1)
Appleton Healthcare FacilityAppleton, WI10/04/20192011100%7,552 (1)
Austin Healthcare Facility IIAustin-Round Rock, TX10/04/20192006100%18,275 (1)
Bellevue Healthcare FacilityGreen Bay, WI10/04/20192010100%5,838 (1)
Bonita Springs Healthcare FacilityCape Coral-Fort Myers, FL10/04/201920022005100%9,800 (1)
Bridgeton Healthcare FacilitySt. Louis, MO-IL10/04/20192012100%66,914 (1)
Covington Healthcare FacilityNew Orleans-Metairie, LA10/04/20191984100%43,250 (1)
Crestview Healthcare FacilityCrestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL10/04/201920042010100%5,685 (1)
Dallas Healthcare FacilityDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX10/04/20192011100%62,390 (1)
De Pere Healthcare FacilityGreen Bay, WI10/04/20192005100%7,100 (1)
Denver Healthcare FacilityDenver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO10/04/201919622018100%131,210 (1)
El Segundo Healthcare FacilityLos Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA10/04/20192009100%12,163 (1)
Fairlea Healthcare FacilityHagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV10/04/20191999100%5,200 (1)
Fayetteville Healthcare FacilityFayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO10/04/201919942009100%55,740 (1)
Fort Myers Healthcare FacilityCape Coral-Fort Myers, FL10/04/20191999100%32,148 (1)
Fort Myers Healthcare Facility IICape Coral-Fort Myers, FL10/04/201920102022100%47,089 (1)
Fort Walton Beach Healthcare FacilityCrestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL10/04/20192005100%9,017 (1)
Frankfort Healthcare FacilityLexington-Fayette, KY10/04/201919932019100%4,000 (1)
Frisco Healthcare FacilityDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX10/04/201920102020100%57,051 (1)
Goshen Healthcare FacilityElkhart-Goshen, IN10/04/20192010100%15,462 (1)
Hammond Healthcare FacilityHammond, LA10/04/20192006100%63,000 (1)
Hammond Healthcare Facility IIHammond, LA10/04/20192004100%23,835 (1)
Harlingen Healthcare FacilityBrownsville-Harlingen, TX10/04/20192007100%38,111 (1)
Henderson Healthcare FacilityLas Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV10/04/20192000100%6,685 (1)
Houston Healthcare Facility IIIHouston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX10/04/201919982018100%16,217 (1)
Howard Healthcare FacilityGreen Bay, WI10/04/20192011100%7,552 (1)
Jacksonville Healthcare FacilityJacksonville, FL10/04/20192009100%13,082 (1)
Lafayette Healthcare FacilityLafayette, LA10/04/201920042005100%73,824 (1)
Lakewood Ranch Healthcare FacilityNorth Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL10/04/20192008100%10,919 (1)
Las Vegas Healthcare Facility IILas Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV10/04/20192007100%6,963 (1)
Lehigh Acres Healthcare FacilityCape Coral-Fort Myers, FL10/04/20192002100%5,746 (1)
Lubbock Healthcare FacilityLubbock, TX10/04/20192003100%102,143 (1)
Manitowoc Healthcare FacilityGreen Bay, WI10/04/20192003100%7,987 (1)
Manitowoc Healthcare Facility IIGreen Bay, WI10/04/201919642010100%36,090 (1)
Marinette Healthcare FacilityGreen Bay, WI10/04/20192008100%4,178 (1)
New Bedford Healthcare FacilityProvidence-Warwick, RI-MA10/04/201919421995100%70,657 (1)
New Braunfels Healthcare FacilitySan Antonio-New Braunfels, TX10/04/20192007100%27,971 (1)
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Real Estate Investments MSA/µSA Segment Number of Properties Date Acquired Year Constructed Year Renovated Physical Occupancy Gross Leased Area (Sq Ft) 
Encumbrances, $ (in thousands) (8)
Grand Rapids Healthcare Facility Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI Healthcare 1 12/07/2016 2008 N/A 92.68% 98,992 30,450
Corpus Christi Surgery Center Corpus Christi, TX Healthcare 1 12/22/2016 1992 N/A 100% 25,102 
 
Chicago Data Center II Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI Data Center 1 12/28/2016 1987 2016 100% 115,352 
(1) 
Blythewood Data Center Columbia, SC Data Center 1 12/29/2016 1983 N/A 100% 64,637 
(1) 
Tempe Data Center Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ Data Center 1 01/26/2017 1977 1983/2008/2011 100% 44,244 
(1) 
Aurora Healthcare Facility Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI Healthcare 1 03/30/2017 2002 N/A 100% 24,722 
(1) 
Norwalk Data Center Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT Data Center 1 03/30/2017 2013 N/A 100% 167,691 34,200
Texas Rehabilitation Hospital Portfolio 
(9) 
 Healthcare 4 
(9) 
 
(9) 
 
(9) 
 100% 214,468 50,400
Charlotte Data Center II Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Data Center 1 05/15/2017 1989 2016 100% 52,924 
(1) 
250 Williams Atlanta Data Center Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA Data Center 1 06/15/2017 1989 2007 90.45% 900,590 116,200
Sunnyvale Data Center San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA Data Center 1 06/28/2017 1992 1998 100% 76,573 
(1) 
Cincinnati Data Center Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN Data Center 1 06/30/2017 1985 2001 100% 69,826 
(1) 
Silverdale Healthcare Facility Bremerton-Silverdale, WA Healthcare 1 08/25/2017 2005 N/A 100% 26,127 
(1) 
Silverdale Healthcare Facility II Bremerton-Silverdale, WA Healthcare 1 09/20/2017 2007 N/A 100% 19,184 
(1) 
King of Prussia Data Center Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Data Center 1 09/28/2017 1960 1997 100% 50,000 12,503
Tempe Data Center II Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ Data Center 1 09/29/2017 1998 N/A 100% 58,560 
(1) 
Houston Data Center Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Data Center 1 11/16/2017 2013 N/A 100% 103,200 48,607
Saginaw Healthcare Facility Saginaw, MI Healthcare 1 12/21/2017 2002 N/A 100% 87,843 
(1) 
Elgin Data Center Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI Data Center 1 12/22/2017 2000 N/A 84.45% 55,523 5,736
Oklahoma City Data Center Oklahoma City, OK Data Center 1 12/27/2017 2008/2016 N/A 100% 92,456 
 
      70         5,072,070 $468,135
Property NameMSA/µSADate AcquiredYear ConstructedYear Renovated% LeasedLeased Sq FtEncumbrances,
$ (in thousands)
North Smithfield Healthcare FacilityProvidence-Warwick, RI-MA10/04/201919652000100%92,944 (1)
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility IXOklahoma City, OK10/04/20192007100%34,970 (1)
Oshkosh Healthcare FacilityOshkosh-Neenah, WI10/04/20192010100%8,717 (1)
Palm Desert Healthcare FacilityRiverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA10/04/20192005100%6,963 (1)
Rancho Mirage Healthcare Facility IIRiverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA10/04/20192008100%7,432 (1)
San Antonio Healthcare Facility IIISan Antonio-New Braunfels, TX10/04/20192012100%50,000 (1)
San Antonio Healthcare Facility IVSan Antonio-New Braunfels, TX10/04/20191987100%113,136 (1)
San Antonio Healthcare Facility VSan Antonio-New Braunfels, TX10/04/20192017100%57,929 (1)
Santa Rosa Beach Healthcare FacilityCrestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL10/04/20192003100%5,000 (1)
Savannah Healthcare FacilitySavannah, GA10/04/20192014100%48,184 (1)
Sturgeon Bay Healthcare FacilityGreen Bay, WI10/04/20192007100%3,100 (1)
Victoria Healthcare FacilityVictoria, TX10/04/20192013100%34,297 (1)
Victoria Healthcare Facility IIVictoria, TX10/04/20191998100%28,752 (1)
Webster Healthcare Facility IIHouston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX10/04/201920142019100%373,070 (1)
Wilkes-Barre Healthcare FacilityScranton–Wilkes-Barre–Hazleton, PA10/04/20192012100%15,996 (1)
Yucca Valley Healthcare FacilityRiverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA10/04/20192009100%12,240 (1)
Tucson Healthcare Facility IITucson, AZ12/26/20192021100%60,913 (1)
Tucson Healthcare Facility IIITucson, AZ12/27/20192020100%20,000 (1)
Grimes Healthcare FacilityDes Moines-West Des Moines, IA02/19/20202018100%14,669 (1)
Tampa Healthcare FacilityTampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL09/08/20202015100%33,822 (1)
Tucson Healthcare Facility IVTucson, AZ12/22/2020202289%39,967 
Greenwood Healthcare FacilityIndianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN04/19/202120082018100%53,560 (1)
Clive Healthcare Facility IIDes Moines-West Des Moines, IA12/08/20212008100%63,224 (1)
Clive Healthcare Facility IIIDes Moines-West Des Moines, IA12/08/20212008100%33,974 (1)
Clive Healthcare Facility IVDes Moines-West Des Moines, IA12/08/202120092018100%35,419 (1)
Clive Undeveloped LandDes Moines-West Des Moines, IA12/08/2021—%— 
Clive Undeveloped Land IIDes Moines-West Des Moines, IA12/08/2021—%— 
Yukon Healthcare FacilityOklahoma City, OK03/10/20222020100%45,624 
Pleasant Hills Healthcare FacilityPittsburgh, PA05/12/20221967100%33,712 
Prosser Healthcare Facility IKennewick-Richland, WA05/20/20222010100%6,000 
Prosser Healthcare Facility IIKennewick-Richland, WA05/20/202220132019100%9,230 
Prosser Healthcare Facility IIIKennewick-Richland, WA05/20/20222013100%5,400 
Tampa Healthcare Facility IITampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL07/20/20222022100%87,649 
Escondido Healthcare FacilitySan Diego-Carlsbad, CA07/21/20222021100%56,800 
5,507,777 $ 
(1)Property collateralized under the KeyBank Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2017, 48 commercial real estate properties were collateralized under the KeyBank Credit Facility and we had an outstanding principal balance of $220,000,000.
(2)
The New England Sinai Medical Center consists of two buildings.
(3)
The Kentucky Maine Ohio IMF Portfolio consists of the following five properties:
Property DescriptionMSA/µSAYear ConstructedYear Renovated
KMO IMF - Cincinnati ICincinnati, OH-KY-IN19591970 & 2013
KMO IMF - Cincinnati IICincinnati, OH-KY-IN2014N/A
KMO IMF - FlorenceCincinnati, OH-KY-IN2014N/A
KMO IMF - AugustaAugusta-Waterville, ME (µSA)2010N/A
KMO IMF - OaklandAugusta-Waterville, ME (µSA)2003N/A
(4)
The Heritage Park Portfolio consists of the following two properties:
Property Description Year Constructed Year Renovated
Heritage Park - Sherman I 2005 2010
Heritage Park - Sherman II 2005 N/A


(5)
The HPI Portfolio consists of the following nine properties:
Property Description Date Acquired Year Constructed Year Renovated Encumbrances (in thousands)
HPI - Oklahoma City I 12/29/2015 1985 1998 & 2003 22,500
HPI - Oklahoma City II 12/29/2015 1994 1999 
(1) 
HPI - Edmond 01/20/2016 2002 N/A 
(1) 
HPI - Oklahoma City III 01/27/2016 2007 N/A 
(1) 
HPI - Oklahoma City IV 01/27/2016 2006 N/A 
(1) 
HPI - Newcastle 02/03/2016 1995 1999 
(1) 
HPI - Oklahoma City V 02/11/2016 2008 N/A 
(1) 
HPI - Oklahoma City VI 03/07/2016 2007 N/A 
(1) 
HPI - Oklahoma City VII 06/22/2016 2016 N/A 25,000
(6)
As of December 31, 2017, the Vibra Rehabilitation Hospital was under construction.
(7)
The McLean Data Center Portfolio consists of the following two properties:
Property Description Year Constructed Year Renovated
McLean I 1966 1998
McLean II 1991 1998
(8)
Represents the initial loan amount for each property.
(9)
The Texas Rehabilitation Hospital Portfolio consists of the following four properties:
Property DescriptionMSA/µSADate AcquiredYear ConstructedYear Renovated
Texas Rehab - AustinAustin-Round Rock, TX03/31/20172012N/A
Texas Rehab - AllenDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX03/31/20172007N/A
Texas Rehab - BeaumontBeaumont-Port Arthur, TX03/31/20171991N/A
Texas Rehab - San AntonioSan Antonio-New Braunfels, TX06/29/20171985/1992N/A
(1)Property is contributed to the pool of unencumbered properties of our credit facility. As of December 31, 2022, 124 commercial real estate properties were contributed to the pool of unencumbered properties under our credit facility and we had an outstanding principal balance of $583,000,000.
We believe the properties are adequately covered by insurance and are suitable for their respective intended purposes. Real estate assets, other than land, are depreciated on a straight-line basis over each asset's useful life. Tenant improvements are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their respective lease term or expected useful life.

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Leases
Although there are variations in the specific terms of the leases in our portfolio, the following is a summary of the general structure of our leases. Generally, the leases of our properties provide for initial terms ranging from 10 to 20 years. As of December 31, 2017,2022, the weighted average remaining lease term of our properties was 10.349.3 years. The properties generally are leased under net leases pursuant to which the tenant bears responsibility for substantially all property costs and expenses associated with ongoing maintenance and operation, including utilities, property taxes and insurance. The leases at each individual property provide for annual rental payments (payable in monthly installments) for an average of $1,073,000 per year. Certain leases provide for fixed increases in rent. Generally, the property leases provide the tenant with one or more multi-year renewal options, subject to generally the same terms and conditions as the initial lease term.
The following table shows leaseLease expirations of our real properties based on annualized contractual base rent as of December 31, 2017 and2022, for each of the next ten years ending December 31 and thereafter, are as follows:
Year of Lease
Expiration
 Total Number
of Leases
 Gross
Leased Area
(Sq Ft)
 
Annualized Contractual
Base Rent (in
thousands)
(1)
 Percentage of
Annualized Contractual
Base Rent
2018 6
 27,323
 $406
 0.34%
2019 8
 113,141
 1,773
 1.49%
2020 5
 35,707
 840
 0.70%
2021 1
 220,599
 4,097
 3.44%
2022 7
 326,385
 6,334
 5.31%
2023 8
 206,455
 4,287
 3.60%
2024 8
 298,351
 7,120
 5.97%
2025 6
 269,738
 5,083
 4.27%
2026 12
 538,168
 11,148
 9.35%
2027 
 
 
 %
Thereafter 53
 3,036,203
 78,088
 65.53%
  114
 5,072,070
 $119,176
 100.00%
Year of Lease
Expiration
Total Number
of Leases
Leased Sq Ft
Annualized Contractual
Base Rent
(in thousands) (1)
Percentage of
Annualized Contractual
Base Rent
202326,994 $607 0.4 %
202418 162,001 4,792 2.8 %
202513 372,447 9,487 5.6 %
202613 202,884 5,837 3.4 %
202710 315,340 7,777 4.6 %
202810 236,527 5,126 3.0 %
202915 498,702 10,485 6.2 %
203013 550,814 18,120 10.7 %
203112 403,342 16,479 9.7 %
2032174,560 7,005 4.1 %
Thereafter41 2,564,166 83,655 49.5 %
157 5,507,777 $169,370 100.0 %
(1)Annualized contractual base rent is based on contractual base rent from leases in effect as of December 31, 2017.
(1)Annualized contractual base rent is based on contractual base rent from leases in effect as of December 31, 2022.
Indebtedness
For a discussion of our indebtedness, see Note 8—"Notes Payable" and Note 9—10—"Credit Facility" to the consolidated financial statements that are a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
We are not aware of any material pending legal proceedings to which we are a party or to which our properties are the subject.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.


PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Market Information
As of March 16, 2018, we had approximately 127.5 million shares of common stock outstanding, held by a total of 27,031 stockholders of record. The number of stockholders is based on the records of DST Systems, Inc., who serves as our register and transfer agent. There is no established public trading market for our common stock. Therefore, there is a risk that a stockholder may not be able to sell our stock at a time or price acceptable to the stockholder, or at all. Unless and until our shares are listed on a national securities exchange, we do not expect that a public market for the shares will develop.
As of December 31, 2017, we offered Class A shares, Class I shares and Class T shares of common stock, in any combination, with a dollar value up to the maximum primary offering amount. Through September 30, 2017,2022, the offering price for the shares in the primary offeringDRIP Offering was $10.078$8.22 per Class A share, $9.162$8.22 per Class I share and $9.649 per Class T share, and the offering price for shares sold pursuant to our DRIP was $9.07 per Class A share, $9.07 per Class I share and $9.07 per Class T share. Commencing on October 1, 2017, the offering price for the shares in the primary offering was $10.200 per Class A share, $9.273 per Class I share and $9.766 per Class T share, and the offering price for shares sold pursuant to our DRIP Offering was $9.18 per Class A share, $9.18 per Class I share and $9.18$8.22 per Class T share, which is equal to the most recent estimated per share net asset valueEstimated Per Share NAV, as approved by the Board and effective on August 25, 2022.
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We will continue to issue shares of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock under the current DRIP Offering until such time as determined by our boardwe sell all of directors on September 28, 2017,the shares registered for sale under the current DRIP Offering, unless we file a new registration statement with the SEC or the current DRIP Offering is terminated by the Board. We will issue such shares at the applicable Estimated Per Share NAV.
In May 2022, all outstanding shares of Class T2 common stock (including associated shares of Class T2 DRIP common stock) were converted into shares of Class I common stock. Stockholders received a confirmation notice when their shares of Class T2 common stock were converted into shares of Class I common stock.
Pursuant to the terms of our charter, certain restrictions are imposed on the ownership and transfer of shares.
To assist the FINRA members and their associated persons that participated in our public offeringofferings of common stock, pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110 and NASD Conduct Rule 2340, we disclose in each annual report distributed to stockholders a per share estimated value of the shares, the method by which it was developed, and the date of the data used to develop the estimated value. In addition, our Advisor willwe prepare annual statements of estimated share values to assist fiduciaries of retirement plans subject to the annual reporting requirements of ERISA in the preparation of their reports relating to an investment in our shares. For these purposes, the Estimated Per Share NAV of our common shares was $9.18$8.22 as of December 31, 2017.2022. However, as set forth above, there is no public trading market for the shares at this time and stockholders may not receive $8.22 per share if a market did exist.
The Estimated Per Share NAV was approved by our board of directors,the Board, at the recommendation of the Audit Committee, on September 28, 2017. The Estimated Per Share NAV of each of our Class A, Class I and Class T common stock is based onAugust 25, 2022, using a methodology that conformed to standard industry practice. In determining the estimated value of our assets less the estimated value of our liabilities divided by the number of shares outstanding on a diluted basis, calculated as of June 30, 2017.


The Estimated Per Share NAV was determined after consultation with the Advisor and Robert A. Stanger & Co, Inc., an independent third-party valuation firm, the engagement of which was approved by the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee, pursuant to authority delegated by our board of directors, was responsible for the oversight of the valuation process, including the review and approval of the valuation process and methodology used to determine our Estimated Per Share NAV, the consistencyBoard considered information and analyses, including valuation materials that were provided by Cushman & Wakefield of Pennsylvania, LLC, information provided by us and the recommendation of the valuation and appraisal methodologies with real estate industry standards and practices and the reasonableness of the assumptions used in the valuations and appraisals. The valuation was performed in accordance with the provisions of Practice Guideline 2013-01, Valuations of Publicly Registered Non-Listed REITs, issued by the Investment Program Association, or the IPA, in April 2013, in addition to SEC guidance. FINRA rules provide no guidance on the methodology an issuer must use to determine its estimated value per share. As with any valuation methodology, our independent valuation firm's methodology is based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that may not be accurate or complete. Different parties with different assumptions and estimates could derive a different estimated value per share, and these differences could be significant. The Estimated Per Share NAV is not audited and does not represent the fair value of our assets or liabilities according to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. Accordingly, with respect to the estimated value per share, we can give no assurance that:
a stockholder would be able to resell his or her shares at the Estimated Per Share NAV;
stockholder would ultimately realize distributions per share equal to the Estimated Per Share NAV upon liquidation of our assets and settlement of our liabilities or a sale of the company;
our shares of common stock would trade at the Estimated Per Share NAV on a national securities exchange;
an independent third-party appraiser or other third-party valuation firm would agree with the Estimated Per Share NAV; or
the methodology used to estimate our value per share would be acceptable to FINRA or for compliance with ERISA reporting requirements.
Further, the value of our shares will fluctuate over time in response to developments related to individual assets in the portfolio and the management of those assets and in response to the real estate and finance markets. We expect to engage an independent valuation firm to update the Estimated Per Share NAV at least annually.
For a full description of the methodologies used to value our assets and liabilities in connection with the calculation of the Estimated Per Share NAV, seeAudit Committee. See our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 28, 2017.
Share Repurchase Program
Prior to the time, if any, that our shares are listed on a national securities exchange, our share repurchase program, as described below, may provide eligible stockholders with limited, interim liquidity by enabling them to sell shares back to us, subject to restrictionsAugust 26, 2022 for additional information regarding Cushman & Wakefield of Pennsylvania, LLC, and applicable law. A stockholder must have beneficially held its Class A shares, Class I shares, Class T shares or Class T2 shares, as applicable, for at least one year prior to offering them for sale to us through our share repurchase program, unless the Class A shares, Class I shares, Class T shares or Class T2 shares, as applicable, are being repurchased in connection with a stockholder’s death, Qualifying Disability, or certain other exigent circumstances.
The Third Amended and Restated Share Repurchase Program became effective on February 20, 2018, the date that Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Follow-On Registration Statement was declared effective by the SEC. The purpose of the Third Amended and Restated Share Repurchase Program was to incorporate Class T2 shares. Pursuant to the Third Amended and Restated Share Repurchase Program, the purchase price for shares repurchased under our share repurchase program is 100.0% of the most recent estimated value of the Class A common stock, Class I common stock, Class T common stock, or Class T2 common stock, as applicable (in each case, as adjusted for any stock dividends, combinations, splits, recapitalizationsvaluation materials and the like with respectmethodology used to our common stock). Our board of directors reservesdetermine the right, in its sole discretion, at any time and from time to time, to waive the one-year holding period requirement in the event of the death or Qualifying Disability of a stockholder, other involuntary exigent circumstances such as bankruptcy, or a mandatory distribution requirement under a stockholder’s IRA.Estimated Per Share NAV.
At any time the repurchase price is determined by any method other than the net asset value of the Class A shares, Class I shares, Class T shares, or Class T2 shares, as applicable, if we have sold property and have made one or more special distributions to our stockholders of all or a portion of the net proceeds from such sales, the per share repurchase price will be reduced by the net sale proceeds per share distributed to investors prior to the repurchase date. Our board of directors will, in its sole discretion, determine which distributions, if any, constitute a special distribution. While our board of directors does not have specific criteria for determining special distributions, we expect that special distributions will only occur upon the sale of a property and the subsequent distribution of the net sale proceeds.


Repurchases of shares of our common stock, when requested, are at our sole discretion and generally will be made monthly. Each stockholder whose repurchase request is granted will receive the repurchase amount within ten days after the end of the month in which we grant the repurchase request. Subject to certain limitations described in this Annual Report, we will also repurchase shares upon the request of the estate, heir or beneficiary of a deceased stockholder. We will limit the number of shares repurchased pursuant to our share repurchase program as follows: during any calendar year, we will not repurchase in excess of 5.0% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31st of the previous calendar year. As a result, some or all of a stockholders’ shares may not be repurchased.
Our sponsor, advisor, directors and their respective affiliates are prohibited from receiving a fee in connection with the share repurchase program. Affiliates of our advisors are eligible to have their shares repurchased on the same terms as other stockholders.
Funding for the share repurchase program will come exclusively from proceeds we receive from the sale of shares under our distribution reinvestment plan during the prior calendar year and other operating funds, if any, as our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may reserve for this purpose. We cannot guarantee that the funds set aside for the share repurchase program will be sufficient to accommodate all requests made each month. However, a stockholder may withdraw its request at any time or ask that we honor the request when funds are available.
If funds available for our share repurchase program are not sufficient to accommodate all requests, shares will be repurchased as follows: (i) first, pro rata as to repurchases upon the death or Qualifying Disability of a stockholder; (ii) next, pro rata as to repurchases to stockholders who demonstrate, in the discretion of our board of directors, another involuntary exigent circumstance, such as bankruptcy; (iii) next, pro rata as to repurchases to stockholders subject to a mandatory distribution requirement under such stockholder’s IRA; and (iv) finally, pro rata as to all other repurchase requests.
A stockholder or his or her estate, heir or beneficiary may present to us fewer than all of the shares then-owned for repurchase. Repurchase requests made (i) on behalf of a deceased stockholder or a stockholder with a Qualifying Disability; (ii) by a stockholder due to another involuntary exigent circumstance, such as bankruptcy, or (iii) by a stockholder, due to a mandatory distribution under such stockholder’s IRA, shall be made within 360 days of such event.
A stockholder who wishes to have shares repurchased must mail or deliver to us a written request on a form provided by us and executed by the stockholder, its trustee or authorized agent, which we must receive at least five business days prior to the end of the month in which the stockholder is requesting a repurchase of his or her shares. An estate, heir or beneficiary that wishes to have shares repurchased following the death of a stockholder must mail or deliver to us a written request on a form provided by us, including evidence acceptable to our board of directors of the death of the stockholder, and executed by the executor or executrix of the estate, the heir or beneficiary, or their trustee or authorized agent.
Unrepurchased shares may be passed to an estate, heir or beneficiary following the death of a stockholder. If the shares are to be repurchased under any conditions outlined herein, we will forward the documents necessary to effect the repurchase, including any signature guaranty we may require. Our share repurchase program provides stockholders only a limited ability to repurchase shares for cash until a secondary market develops for our shares, at which time the program would terminate. No such market presently exists, and we cannot assure stockholders that any market for their shares will ever develop.
In order for a disability to entitle a stockholder to the special repurchase terms described above, (a Qualifying Disability),(1) the stockholder would have to receive a determination of disability based upon a physical or mental condition or impairment arising after the date the stockholder acquired the shares to be repurchased, and (2) such determination of disability would have to be made by the governmental agency responsible for reviewing the disability retirement benefits that the stockholder could be eligible to receive (the applicable governmental agency). The applicable governmental agencies would be limited to the following: (i) if the stockholder paid Social Security taxes and, therefore, could be eligible to receive Social Security disability benefits, then the applicable governmental agency would be the Social Security Administration or the agency charged with responsibility for administering Social Security disability benefits at that time if other than the Social Security Administration; (ii) if the stockholder did not pay Social Security benefits and, therefore, could not be eligible to receive Social Security disability benefits, but the stockholder could be eligible to receive disability benefits under the Civil Service Retirement System (“CSRS”), then the applicable governmental agency would be the U.S. Office of Personnel Management or the agency charged with responsibility for administering CSRS benefits at that time if other than the Office of Personnel Management; or (iii) if the stockholder did not pay Social Security taxes and, therefore, could not be eligible to receive Social Security benefits but suffered a disability that resulted in the stockholder’s discharge from military service under conditions that were other than dishonorable and, therefore, could be eligible to receive military disability benefits, then the applicable governmental agency would be the Department of Veterans Affairs or the agency charged with the responsibility for administering military disability benefits at that time if other than the Department of Veterans Affairs. Disability determinations by governmental agencies for purposes other than those listed above, including but not limited to worker’s compensation insurance, administration or enforcement of the Rehabilitation Act or Americans with Disabilities Act, or waiver of insurance premiums would not entitle a stockholder to the special repurchase terms described above. Repurchase requests


following an award by the applicable governmental agency of disability benefits would have to be accompanied by: (1) the investor’s initial application for disability benefits and (2) a Social Security Administration Notice of Award, a U.S. Office of Personnel Management determination of disability under CSRS, a Veteran’s Administration record of disability-related discharge or such other documentation issued by the applicable governmental agency that we would deem acceptable and would demonstrate an award of the disability benefits.
We understand that the following disabilities do not entitle a worker to Social Security disability benefits:
disabilities occurring after the legal retirement age; and
disabilities that do not render a worker incapable of performing substantial gainful activity.
Therefore, such disabilities would not qualify for the special repurchase terms, except in the limited circumstances when the investor would be awarded disability benefits by the other applicable governmental agencies described above.
Shares we purchase under our share repurchase program will have the status of authorized but unissued shares. Shares we acquire through the share repurchase program will not be reissued unless they are first registered with the SEC under the Securities Act and under appropriate state securities laws or otherwise issued in compliance with such laws.
Our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may amend, suspend, reduce, terminate or otherwise change our share repurchase program upon 30 days’ prior notice to our stockholders for any reason it deems appropriate. Because we only repurchase shares on a monthly basis, depending upon when during the month our board of directors makes this determination, it is possible that a stockholder would not have any additional opportunities to have his or her shares repurchased under the prior terms of the program, or at all, upon receipt of the notice. We will notify our stockholders of such developments (1) in a Current Report on Form 8- K, (2) in an annual or quarterly report, or (3) by means of a separate mailing to stockholders. During this Offering, we would also include this information in a prospectus supplement to the registration statement, as then required under federal securities laws.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we received valid repurchase requests relating to 1,880,820 Class A shares, Class T shares and Class I shares of common stock (1,793,424 Class A shares, 81,939 Class T shares and 5,457 Class I shares), which were redeemed in full for an aggregate of approximately $17,159,000 (an average of $9.12 per share) under our share repurchase program. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we received valid repurchase requests relating to 333,194 Class A shares, which were redeemed in full for an aggregate of approximately $3,114,000 (an average of $9.35 per share) under our share repurchase program. Neither shares of Class T common stock, nor shares of Class I common stock were requested to be, or were repurchased during the year ended December 31, 2016.
During the three months ended December 31, 2017, we fulfilled the following repurchase requests pursuant to our share repurchase program:
Period Total Number of
Shares Repurchased
 Average
Price Paid per
Share
 Total Numbers of Shares
Purchased as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans and Programs
 Approximate Dollar Value
of Shares Available that may yet
be Repurchased under the
Program
10/01/2017 - 10/31/2017 429,484
 $9.18
 429,484
 $
11/01/2017 - 11/30/2017 211,438
 $9.18
 211,438
 $
12/01/2017 - 12/31/2017 273,288
 $9.18
 273,288
 $
Total 914,210
   914,210
  
During the three months ended December 31, 2017, we repurchased approximately $8,392,000 of Class A shares, Class T shares and Class I shares of common stock, which represented all repurchase requests received in good order and eligible for repurchase through the December 31, 2017 repurchase date. 
StockholdersStockholder Information
As of March 16, 2018,10, 2023, we had approximately 81,988,000 shares of Class A common stock, 8,146,000 shares of Class I common stock, 37,365,000 shares of Class T common stock and no shares of Class T2 common stock outstanding held by 27,03164,679 stockholders of record. The number of stockholders is based on the records of Computershare Trust Company, N.A., who serves as our registrar and transfer agent.
Distributions
We are taxed and qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, we make distributions each taxable year equal to at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding capital gains). One of our primary goals is to continue to pay monthly distributions to our stockholders. For
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the year ended


December 31, 2017, we paid aggregate distributions of $61.3 million to Class A, Class I and Class T stockholders ($29.0 million in cash and $32.3 million reinvested in shares of our common stock pursuant to the DRIP). For the yearquarter ended December 31, 2016,2022.
Share Repurchase Program
Prior to the time that our shares are listed on a national securities exchange, if ever, our Amended and Restated Share Repurchase Program, or the SRP, as described below, may provide eligible stockholders with limited, interim liquidity by enabling them to sell shares back to us, subject to restrictions and applicable law. We are not obligated to repurchase shares under our SRP.
We can only repurchase shares due to death and involuntary exigent circumstances in accordance with our SRP, subject in each case to the terms and limitations of the SRP, including, but not limited to, quarterly share limitations, an annual 5.0% share limitation, and DRIP funding limitations. Under our SRP, we paid aggregate distributionsmay waive certain of $40.6 million tothe terms and requirements of the SRP in the event of the death of a stockholder who is a natural person, including shares held through an Individual Retirement Account, or IRA, or other retirement or profit-sharing plan, and certain trusts meeting the requirements of the SRP. We may also waive certain of the terms and requirements of the SRP in the event of an involuntary exigent circumstance, as determined by us or any of the executive officers thereof, in our or their sole discretion.
Holding Period. Generally, a stockholder must have beneficially held its Class A andshares, Class I shares or Class T stockholders ($17.7 million in cash and $22.9 million reinvested in shares, as applicable, for at least one year prior to offering them for sale to us through our share repurchase program. A stockholder or a stockholder’s fiduciary, heir or beneficiary may present to us fewer than all of our common stock pursuant to the DRIP).shares owned for repurchase.
UseDistribution Reinvestment Plan. In the event that we repurchase all of Public Offering Proceeds
We commenced our Initial Offering, consisting of $2,250,000,000 ofone stockholder’s shares, in our primary offering and up to $100,000,000 ofany shares that the stockholder purchased pursuant to our DRIP, will be excluded from the one-year holding requirement. In the event that a
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stockholder requests a repurchase of its shares, and such stockholder is participating in the DRIP, the stockholder will be deemed to have notified us, at the time the stockholder submits the repurchase request, that the stockholder is terminating participation in the DRIP and has elected to receive future distributions in cash. This election for cash distributions will continue in effect even if less than all of the stockholder’s shares are accepted for repurchase unless the stockholder notifies us that the stockholder wishes to re-enroll to participate in the DRIP.
Death of a Stockholder. Subject to the conditions and limitations described below, we may waive certain of the terms and requirements of our share repurchase program in the event of the death of a stockholder who is a natural person, including shares held by such stockholder through an IRA or other retirement or profit-sharing plan, and certain trusts meeting the requirements detailed in this program. With regard to trusts, the right to request a repurchase upon death applies upon the death of the settlor of a trust that holds shares, if the trust becomes irrevocable upon the death of the settlor or settlor’s spouse, or the spouse of a settlor of a trust, if the trust became irrevocable upon the death of the settlor and the settlor’s spouse was the beneficiary of the trust, as applicable, after receiving written notice from the fiduciary appointed for the stockholder’s estate, the recipient of the shares through bequest or inheritance, or, in the case of a trust that becomes irrevocable upon the death of the settlor (or previously became irrevocable upon the death of the settlor’s spouse), the then-serving trustee of such trust, who shall be the sole person authorized to request the repurchase on May 29, 2014.behalf of the trust. We ceased offeringmust receive the written repurchase request within 18 months after the death of the stockholder, the date on which a trust became irrevocable due to death, or the date of death of the settlor’s surviving spouse who was the beneficiary of a trust that became irrevocable due to the death of the settlor, as applicable, in order for the requesting party to rely on any of the special treatment described below that may be afforded in the event of death. Such written request must be accompanied by a certified copy of the official death certificate of the stockholder, settlor, and or settlor’s spouse, as applicable. In addition, written requests in connection with shares held in a trust must include an executed Certification of common stockTrust for Repurchase form, pursuant to which the trustee must agree to indemnify and hold our Initial Offering on November 24, 2017. On October 13, 2017, wecompany harmless from and against any liability arising from the repurchase. If spouses are joint registered 10,893,246holders of the shares, the request to repurchase the shares may be made only if both registered holders are deceased. If the stockholder is not a natural person, as in the case of common stock undera trust that does not become irrevocable upon the DRIP pursuantdeath of the settlor or the settlor’s spouse (as described above in this paragraph), a partnership, a corporation, a limited liability company, or other similar entity, the right of repurchase upon death does not apply.
Qualifying Disability. Subject to the DRIP Registration Statementconditions and limitations described within our SRP, we may waive certain of the terms and requirements of our SRP with respect to shares held by a stockholder, including shares held by such stockholder through an IRA or other retirement or profit-sharing plan, with a “Qualifying Disability” as defined in our SRP, after receiving written notice from such stockholder within 18 months from the date that the stockholder becomes subject to the Qualifying Disability; provided that the condition causing the Qualifying Disability was not pre-existing on the date that the stockholder became a stockholder.
Involuntary Exigent Circumstance. The Company or any of its executive officers may, in its or their sole discretion, waive certain of the terms and requirements of our SRP with respect to shares held by a stockholder who is a natural person and certifies in an executed Certification Regarding Exigent Circumstances for Repurchase form, that he or she: (a) has been diagnosed with a condition caused by injury, disease, or illness from which there is no reasonable medical probability of recovery and the stockholder’s life expectancy is less than twenty-four (24) months, as evidenced by a physician certification; and (b) is experiencing financial need, such that, if the repurchase request is not granted, the stockholder would be unable to meet the basic financial obligations to support himself/herself and such stockholder’s dependents, which is referred to as an “Involuntary Exigent Circumstance” in our SRP. Stockholders requesting repurchases due to Involuntary Exigent Circumstance are required to indemnify and hold the Company harmless from and against any liability arising from the repurchase.
Purchase Price. The purchase price for shares repurchased under our SRP will be 100% of the most recent estimated NAV per share of $9.18 per Class A share, Class I share and Class T share for a proposed maximum offering price of $100,000,000 in shares of common stock. On December 6, 2017, we filed a post-effective amendment to our DRIP Registration Statement to register 10,893,246 shares ofthe Class A common stock, Class I common stock or Class T common stock, as applicable (in each case, as adjusted for any stock dividends, combinations, splits, recapitalizations and Class T2the like with respect to our common stock at $9.18stock). The Board will adjust the estimated NAV per share. On November 27, 2017,share of each our follow-on offering of up to $1,000,000,000 in sharesclasses of common stock was declared effectiveif we have made one or more special distributions to stockholders. The Board will determine, in its sole discretion, which distributions, if any, constitute a special distribution.
Timing of Share Repurchases. Repurchases of our shares are at our discretion and generally will be made quarterly upon written request to us by the SEC. Shareslast day of common stockthe applicable quarter. Valid repurchase requests will be honored approximately 30 days following the end of the applicable quarter, which we refer to as the “Repurchase Date.” Stockholders may withdraw their repurchase request at any time up to 15 days prior to the Repurchase Date. If a repurchase request is granted, we or our agent will send the repurchase amount to each stockholder or heir, beneficiary or estate of a stockholder on or about the Repurchase Date.
Repurchase Limitations. We will determine whether we have sufficient funds and/or shares available as soon as practicable after the end of each fiscal quarter, but in our Offering are being publicly offered on a "best efforts" basis.any event prior to the applicable Repurchase Date.
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a. 5% Share Limitation. During any calendar year, we will not repurchase in excess of 5.0% of the year ended December 31, 2017, we were offering three classesnumber of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31st of the previous calendar year, or the 5% Share Limitation.
b. Quarterly Share Limitations. We limit the number of shares repurchased each quarter pursuant to our SRP as follows (subject to the DRIP Funding Limitation (as defined below)):
On the first quarter Repurchase Date, which generally will be January 30 of the applicable year, we will not repurchase in excess of 1.25% of the number of shares outstanding on December 31st of the previous calendar year;
On the second quarter Repurchase Date, which generally will be April 30 of the applicable year, we will not repurchase in excess of 1.25% of the number of shares outstanding on December 31st of the previous calendar year;
On the third quarter Repurchase Date, which generally will be July 30 of the applicable year, we will not repurchase in excess of 1.25% of the number of shares outstanding on December 31st of the previous calendar year; and
On the fourth quarter Repurchase Date, which generally will be October 30 of the applicable year, we will not repurchase in excess of 1.25% of the number of shares outstanding on December 31st of the previous calendar year.
In the event we do not repurchase 1.25% of the number of shares outstanding on December 31st of the previous calendar year in any particular quarter, we will increase the limitation on the number of shares to be repurchased in the next quarter and continue to adjust the quarterly limitations as necessary in accordance with the 5% annual limitation.
c.    DRIP Funding Limitations. We intend to fund our SRP with proceeds we received during the prior year ended December 31 from the sale of shares pursuant to the DRIP. We will limit the amount of DRIP proceeds used to fund share repurchases in each quarter to 25% of the amount of DRIP proceeds received during the previous calendar year, or the DRIP Funding Limitation; provided, however, that if we do not reach the DRIP Funding Limitation in any particular quarter, we will apply the remaining DRIP proceeds to the next quarter Repurchase Date and continue to adjust the quarterly limitations as necessary in order to use all of the available DRIP proceeds for a calendar year, if needed. We cannot guarantee that DRIP proceeds will be sufficient to accommodate all requests made each quarter. The Board may, in its sole discretion, reserve other operating funds to fund the SRP, but is not required to reserve such funds.
As a result of the limitations described in (a) - (c) above, some or all of a stockholder’s shares may not be repurchased. Each quarter, we will process repurchase requests made in connection with the death of a stockholder, or, in our sole discretion, an Involuntary Exigent Circumstance. If we are unable to process all eligible repurchase requests within a quarter due to the limitations described above or in the event sufficient funds are not available, shares will be repurchased as follows: (i) first, pro rata as to repurchases upon the death of a stockholder; and (ii) second, pro rata as to repurchases to stockholders who demonstrate, in our sole discretion, an Involuntary Exigent Circumstance.
If we do not repurchase all of the shares for which repurchase requests were submitted in any quarter, all outstanding repurchase requests will automatically roll over to the subsequent quarter and priority will be given to the repurchase requests in the subsequent quarter as provided above. A stockholder or his or her estate, heir or beneficiary, as applicable, may withdraw a repurchase request in whole or in part at any time up to 15 days prior to the Repurchase Date.
Deadline for Presentment. A stockholder who wishes to have shares repurchased must mail or deliver to us a written request on a form provided by us and executed by the stockholder, its trustee or authorized agent, which we must receive by the last day of the quarter in which the stockholder is requesting a repurchase of his or her shares. The fiduciary of an estate, heir, beneficiary, or trustee of a trust that wishes to have shares repurchased following the death of a stockholder must mail or deliver to us a written request on a form provided by us, including evidence acceptable to us of the death of the stockholder, and executed by the fiduciary of the estate, the heir or beneficiary, or the trustee, as applicable, which we must receive by the last day of the quarter in which the fiduciary of the estate, heir, beneficiary, or trustee is requesting a repurchase of its shares.
No Encumbrances. All shares presented for repurchase must be owned by the stockholder(s) making the presentment, or the party presenting the shares must be authorized to do so by the owner(s) of the shares. Such shares must be fully transferable and not subject to any liens or encumbrances. Upon receipt of a request for repurchase, we may conduct a Uniform Commercial Code search to ensure that no liens are held against the shares. Any costs in conducting the Uniform Commercial Code search will be borne by us.
Account Minimum. In the event any stockholder fails to maintain a minimum balance of $2,000 of Class A shares, Class I shares, Class T shares, or Class T2 shares, we may repurchase all of the shares held by that stockholder at the NAV per share repurchase price in effect on the date we determine that the stockholder has failed to meet the minimum balance.
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Termination, Amendment or Suspension of the Program. Our SRP will immediately terminate if our shares are listed on any national securities exchange. In addition, the Board may, in its sole discretion, suspend (in whole or in part) our SRP at any time and from time to time upon notice to our stockholders and may, in its sole discretion amend or terminate our SRP at any time upon 30 days’ prior notice to our stockholders for any reason it deems appropriate. Because we generally only repurchase shares on a quarterly basis, depending upon when during the quarter the Board makes this determination, it is possible that you would not have any additional opportunities to have your shares repurchased under the prior terms of the program, or at all, upon receipt of the notice. Because share repurchases will be funded with the net proceeds we receive from the sale of shares under our DRIP or other operating funds reserved by the Board in its sole discretion, the discontinuance or termination of the DRIP or the Board’s decision not to reserve other operating funds to fund our SRP would adversely affect our ability to repurchase shares under our SRP. We will notify our stockholders of such developments: (1) in a current report on Form 8-K, an annual report on Form 10-K or a quarterly report on Form 10-Q; or (2) by means of a separate mailing to you.
During the three months ended December 31, 2022, we fulfilled the following repurchase requests pursuant to our SRP:
PeriodTotal Number of
Shares Repurchased
Average
Price Paid per
Share
Total Number
of Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
and Programs
Approximate Dollar Value
of Shares Available
 that may yet
be Repurchased under the
Program
October 1, 2022 - October 31, 2022336,322 $8.22 — $— 
November 1, 2022 - November 30, 2022— $— — $— 
December 1, 2022 - December 31, 2022— $— — $— 
Total336,322 — 
During the three months ended December 31, 2022, we repurchased approximately $2,765,000 of Class A shares, Class I shares and Class T shares in any combination with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount. Through September 30, 2017, the offering price for the shares in the primary offering was $10.078 per Class A share, $9.162 per Class I share and $9.649 per Class T share and the purchase price for shares in our DRIP was $9.07 per Class A share, $9.07 per Class I share and $9.07 per Class T share. As a result of our board of directors' determination of the Estimated Per Share NAV, our board of directors approved the revised primary offering prices of $10.200 per Class A share, $9.273 per Class I share and $9.766 per Class T share and revised DRIP offering prices of $9.18 per Class A share, $9.18 per Class I share and $9.18 per Class T share, effective October 1, 2017.common stock.
As of December 31, 2017, we had issued approximately 126.6 million shares of our Class A, Class I and Class T common stock in our Offerings for gross proceeds of approximately $1,237.6 million, of which we paid $91.9 million in selling commissions and dealer manager fees, approximately $23.4 million in organization and offering costs and approximately $32.8 million in acquisition fees to our Advisor or its affiliates. We have excluded the distribution and servicing fee from the above information, as we pay the distribution and servicing fee from cash flows provided by operations or, if our cash flow from operations is not sufficient to pay the distribution and servicing fee, from borrowings in anticipation of future cash flow.
With the net offering proceeds and associated borrowings, we acquired $1.6 billion in real estate investments as of December 31, 2017. In addition, we invested $42.0 million in expenditures for capital improvements related to certain real estate investments.
As of December 31, 2017, approximately $0.2 million remained payable to our Dealer Manager and our Advisor or its affiliates for costs related to our Offerings, excluding distribution and servicing fees.


Item 6. Selected Financial Data.[Reserved]
The following should be readInformation pertaining to Item 6 is not presented in conjunctionaccordance with amendments to Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis301 of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results for any future period.
The selected financial data presented below was derived from our consolidated financial statements (amounts in thousands, except share and per share data):Regulation S-K.
27
  As of and for the Year Ended 
 December 31,
 As of and for the Period from January 11, 2013 (Date of Inception) to December 31,
Selected Financial Data 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013
Balance Sheet Data:          
Total real estate, net $1,505,405
 $897,000
 $410,514
 $82,615
 $
Cash and cash equivalents $74,803
 $50,446
 $31,262
 $3,894
 $200
Acquired intangible assets, net $150,554
 $98,053
 $54,633
 $6,442
 $
Total assets $1,777,944
 $1,070,038
 $506,627
 $97,866
 $200
Notes payable, net $463,742
 $151,045
 $
 $
 $
Credit facility, net $219,399
 $219,124
 $89,897
 $37,500
 $
Total liabilities $787,393
 $401,610
 $106,291
 $40,761
 $
Total equity $990,551
 $668,428
 $400,336
 $57,105
 $200
Operating Data:          
Total revenue $125,095
 $56,431
 $21,286
 $337
 $
Rental and parking expenses $26,096
 $8,164
 $2,836
 $51
 $
Acquisition related expenses $
 $5,339
 $10,250
 $1,820
 $
Depreciation and amortization $41,133
 $19,211
 $7,053
 $185
 $
Income (loss) from operations $43,834
 $15,687
 $(2,881) $(2,142) $
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders $21,279
 $11,297
 $(4,767) $(2,294) $
Funds from operations attributable to common stockholders (1)
 $62,412
 $30,508
 $2,286
 $(2,109) $
Modified funds from operations attributable to common stockholders (1)
 $49,941
 $28,940
 $10,015
 $(296) $
Per Share Data:          
Net income (loss) per common share attributable to common stockholders:          
Basic $0.21
 $0.17
 $(0.17) $(1.86) $
Diluted $0.21
 $0.17
 $(0.17) $(1.86) $
Distributions declared for common stock $63,488
 $42,336
 $18,245
 $755
 $
Distributions declared per common share $0.62
 $0.63
 $0.64
 $0.61
 $
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:          
Basic 101,714,148
 66,991,294
 28,658,495
 1,233,715
 
Diluted 101,731,944
 67,007,124
 28,658,495
 1,233,715
 
Cash Flow Data:          
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $51,827
 $24,975
 $3,290
 $(1,705) $
Net cash used in investing activities $(636,693) $(543,547) $(375,528) $(92,513) $
Net cash provided by financing activities $613,704
 $542,292
 $398,811
 $97,712
 $200
(1)Refer to Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Funds from Operations and Modified Funds from Operations” for a discussion of our funds from operations and modified


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funds from operations and for a reconciliation on these non-GAAP financial measures to net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with Item 6. “Selected Financial Data” and our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. ThisThe discussion contains forward-lookingforward looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements of our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this report, particularly under “Risk Factors” and “Forward-Looking Statements.” All forward-looking statements in this document are based on information available to us as of the date hereof, and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements.
This section of the Annual Report on Form 10-K generally discusses 2022 and 2021 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2022 and 2021. A discussion of the changes in our financial condition and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020 may be found in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
Overview
We were formedinvest in high-quality properties leased to tenants capitalizing on January 11, 2013 undercritical and structural economic growth drivers. We are primarily focused on investing in strategic healthcare assets across the lawscontinuum of Maryland to acquirecare, with emphasis on lower cost patient settings, which, we believe, typically generate predictable, durable and operate a diversified portfolio of income-producing commercialgrowing income streams. We may also make other real estate-related investments, which may include equity or debt interests in other real estate withentities.
We formerly invested in data center properties. During 2021, our board of directors, or the Board, made a focus ondetermination to sell our data centerscenter properties. On May 19, 2021, we and healthcarecertain of our wholly-owned subsidiaries entered into the PSA for the sale of up to 29 data center properties preferably with long-term net leasesowned by us. The Board's determination to creditworthy tenants,sell the data center properties, as well as the execution of the PSA, represented a strategic shift that had a major effect on our results and operations for the periods presented. On July 22, 2021, we completed the sale of our data center segment, comprised of approximately 3,298,000 rentable square feet, for an aggregate sale price of $1,320,000,000, and generated net proceeds of approximately $1,295,367,000. As of December 31, 2021 and subsequent, we have no assets or liabilities related to makethe data center segment. The operations of the data center segment have been classified as income from discontinued operations on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
As of December 31, 2022, we owned 132 real estate-related investments that relate to such property types.estate properties and two undeveloped land parcels.
We commencedraised the equity capital for our initial public offering of $2,350,000,000 of shares ofreal estate investments through our common stock, or our Initial Offering, consisting of $2,250,000,000 of shares in our primary offeringOfferings from May 2014 through November 2018, and up to $100,000,000 ofwe have offered shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, orthe DRIP on May 29, 2014. We ceased offering sharesOfferings since November 2017. As of common stock pursuant to our Initial Offering on November 24, 2017. At the completion of our Initial Offering,December 31, 2022, we had accepted investorsinvestors’ subscriptions for and issued approximately 125,095,000157,508,000 shares of Class A, Class I, Class T and Class TT2 common stock including shares of common stock issued pursuant toin our DRIPOfferings, resulting in receipt of gross proceeds of $1,223,803,000,approximately $1,520,086,000, before share repurchases of approximately $135,701,000, selling commissions and dealer manager fees of approximately $91,503,000.
On November 27, 2017, our follow-on$96,734,000 and other offering or our Offering, of up to $1,000,000,000 in shares of Class A common stock, Class I common stock, and Class T common stock pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-11, or the Follow-On Registration Statement, was declared effective by the SEC.
On September 28, 2017, our board of directors, at the recommendation of the audit committee, which is comprised solely of independent directors, unanimously approved and established an Estimated Per Share NAV of $9.18 as of June 30, 2017 of each of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock for purposes of assisting broker-dealers participating in the Initial Offering and the Offering in meeting their customer account statement reporting obligations under National Association of Securities Dealers Conduct Rule 2340. As a result of our board of directors' determination of the Estimated Per Share NAV, our board of directors approved the revised primary offering prices of $10.200 per Class A share, $9.273 per Class I share, and $9.766 per Class T share, effective October 1, 2017.Further, our board of directors approved $9.18 as the per share purchase price of Class A shares, Class I shares and Class T shares pursuant to the DRIP, effective October 1, 2017. The Estimated Per Share NAV is not subject to audit by our independent registered public accounting firm. We intend to publish an updated estimated NAV per share on at least an annual basis.
On October 13, 2017, we registered 10,893,246 shares of common stock under the DRIP pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3, or the DRIP Registration Statement, for a price per share of $9.18 per Class A share, Class I share and Class T share for a proposed maximum offering price of $100,000,000 in shares of common stock, or the DRIP Offering. The DRIP Registration Statement was automatically effective with the SEC upon filing and we commenced offering shares of common stock pursuant to the DRIP Registration Statement on December 1, 2017. On December 6, 2017, we filed a post-effective amendment to our DRIP Registration Statement to register shares of Class T2 common stock at $9.18 per share.
On June 2, 2017, we filed Articles Supplementary to the Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland reclassifying a portion of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock as Class T2 common stock. On December 6, 2017, we filed Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to our Registration Statement on Form S-11 to register Class T2 shares of common stock, which was declared effective by the SEC on February 20, 2018.
We ceased offering shares of Class T common stock in our Offering on March 14, 2018. As of March 15, 2018, we are offering, in any combination with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount, shares of Class A common stock at a price of $10.200 per share, shares of Class I common stock at a price of $9.273 per share, and shares of Class T2 common stock at a price of $9.714 per share. The offering prices are based on the most recent estimated per share net asset value, or Estimated Per Share NAV, of $9.18 of each of our Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock, and any


applicable per share upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees. We refer to the "Offering", "Initial Offering" and "DRIP Offering" collectively as the "Offerings".
Substantially all of our operations are conducted through our Operating Partnership. We are externally advised by our Advisor, which is our affiliate, pursuant to an advisory agreement between us and our Advisor. Our Advisor supervises and manages our day-to-day operations and selects the properties and real estate-related investments we acquire, subject to the oversight and approval of our board of directors. Our Advisor also provides marketing, sales and client services related to real estate on our behalf. Our Advisor engages affiliated entities to provide various services to us. Our Advisor is managed by, and is a subsidiary of, our sponsor, Carter Validus REIT Management Company II, LLC, or our Sponsor. We have no paid employees and we rely on our Advisor to provide substantially all of our services.
Carter Validus Real Estate Management Services II, LLC, or our Property Manager, a wholly-owned subsidiary of our Sponsor, serves as our property manager. Our Advisor and our Property Manager received, and will continue to receive, fees during the acquisition and operational stages and our Advisor may be eligible to receive fees during the liquidation stage of the Company. SC Distributors, LLC, an affiliate of the Advisor, or the Dealer Manager, serves as the dealer manager of the Initial Offering. The Dealer Manager has received, and will continue to receive, fees for services related to our Initial Offering and Offering.
We currently operate through two reportable segments – commercial real estate investments in data centers and healthcare. As of December 31, 2017, we had purchased 53 real estate investments, consisting of 70 properties, comprising approximately 5,190,000 of gross rental square feet for an aggregate purchase pricecosts of approximately $1,611,055,000.$27,631,000.
Critical Accounting PoliciesEstimates
Our critical accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2—"Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," or Note 2, of the consolidated financial statements that are part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As disclosed in Note 2, theThe preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could have a significant effect on the amounts reported infinancial statements. From time to time, we evaluate our estimates based on historical experience and various assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actualcircumstances. Although our actual results could differ significantlyhistorically have not deviated materially from those estimates. We believe that the following discussion addresses the most critical accounting policies, which are those that are most important to the portrayal of the Company’s financial condition anddetermined using estimates, our results of operations or financial condition could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We consider our critical accounting estimates to be those used in the determination of the reported amounts and require management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments.
Investment in Real Estate
Real estate costsdisclosure related to the acquisition, development, construction and improvementimpairment of long-lived assets.
We review our real estate assets on an asset group basis for impairment. Typically, an individual property constitutes an asset group. We identify an asset group based on the lowest level of identifiable cash flows. In the impairment analysis we must determine whether there are indicators of impairment. For operating properties, are capitalized. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred andthese indicators could include a tenant being delinquent or not paying rent, a reduction in our estimated hold period, a significant replacements and betterments are capitalized. Repair and maintenance costs include all costsdecline in a property’s leasing percentage, a current period operating loss or negative cash flows combined with a history of losses at the property, a significant decline in lease rates for that do not extendproperty or others in the useful lifeproperty’s market, a significant change in the market value of the real estate asset. We considerproperty, or an adverse change in the periodfinancial condition of future benefitsignificant tenants.
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If we determine that an asset has indicators of impairment, we then determine whether the undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset group exceed the carrying amount of the asset group. In calculating the undiscounted net cash flows of an asset in determininggroup, we use considerable judgement to estimate several inputs. We estimate future rental rates, future capital expenditures, future operating expenses, and market capitalization rates for residual values, among other things. In addition, if there are alternative strategies for the appropriate useful life. Real estate assets, other than land, are depreciated or amortized onfuture use of the asset, we assess the probability of each alternative strategy and perform a straight-line basis over each asset’s useful life. We anticipate the estimated useful lives of our assets by class as follows:
Buildings and improvements15 – 40 years
Tenant improvementsShorter of lease term or expected useful life
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment3 – 10 years
We continually monitor events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of our real estate and related intangible assets may not be recoverable. When indicators of potential impairment suggest that the carrying value of real estate and related intangible assets may not be recoverable, weprobability-weighted undiscounted cash flow analysis to assess the recoverability of the assets by estimating whether we will recover the carrying value of such assets through their undiscounted future cash flows and eventual disposition.asset group. If based on this analysis, we do not believe that we will be able to recover the carrying value of the asset we recordgroup exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the extent that theexcess of carrying value exceedsover the estimated fair value of the asset. No impairment indicators have been identified and no impairment losses were recorded duringasset group.
In determining the year ended December 31, 2017.
When developing estimatesfair value of expected futurean asset group, we exercise considerable judgment on several factors. We may determine fair value by using a direct capitalization method, a discounted cash flows, we make certain assumptions regarding future market rental income amounts subsequentflow method or by utilizing comparable sales information. The direct capitalization method is based on a capitalization rate applied to the expiration of current lease arrangements, propertyunderlying asset group's most recent stabilized trailing twelve-month net operating expenses, terminal capitalization and discount rates,income at the number of months it takes to re-lease the property, required tenant improvements and the number of years the property will be held for investment.measurement date. The use of alternative assumptions in thediscounted cash flow method is based on estimated future cash flow analysis couldprojections utilizing discount rates, terminal capitalization rates, and planned capital expenditures. We use judgment to determine an appropriate discount rate to apply to the cash flows in the discounted cash flow calculation. We also use judgment in analyzing comparable market information because no two real estate assets are identical in location and price.
The estimates and judgments used in the impairment process are highly subjective and susceptible to frequent change. Significant increases or decreases in any of these inputs, particularly with regards to cash flow projections and discount and capitalization rates, would result in a different determination of the property’s future cash flows and a different conclusion regarding the existence of an impairment, the extent of such loss, if any, as well as the carryingsignificantly lower or higher fair value measurement of the real estate assets being assessed. Additionally, changes in economic and related assets.


Purchase Price Allocation
Uponoperating conditions, including changes in the acquisitionfinancial condition of real properties, we evaluate whether the acquisition is a business combination or an asset acquisition. For both business combinationsour tenants, and asset acquisitions we allocate the purchase price of propertieschanges to acquired tangible assets, consisting of land, buildingsour intent and improvements, and acquired intangible assets and liabilities, consisting of the value of above-market and below-market leases and the value of in-place leases. For asset acquisitions, we capitalize transaction costs and allocate the purchase price using a relative fair value method allocating all accumulated costs. For business combinations, we expense transaction costs associated as incurred and allocates the purchase price based on the estimated fair value of each separately identifiable asset and liability.
The fair values of the tangible assets of an acquired property (which includes land, buildings and improvements) are determined by valuing the property as if it were vacant, and the “as-if-vacant” value is then allocatedability to land and buildings and improvements based on our determination of the relative fair value of these assets. Management determines the as-if-vacant fair value of a property using methods similar to those used by independent appraisers. Factors considered by management in performing these analyses include an estimate of carrying costs during the expected lease-up periods considering current market conditions and costs to execute similar leases, including leasing commissions and other related costs. In estimating carrying costs, management includes real estate taxes, insurance, and other operating expenses during the expected lease-up periods based on current market conditions.
The fair values of above-market and below-market in-place lease values are recorded based on the present value (using an interest rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts paid pursuant to the in-place leases and (ii) an estimate of fair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease including any fixed rate bargain renewal periods, with respect to a below-market lease. The above-market and below-market lease values are capitalized as intangible lease assets or liabilities. Above-market lease values are amortized as an adjustment of rental income over the remaining terms of the respective leases. Below-market leases are amortized as an adjustment of rental income over the remaining terms of the respective leases, including any fixed rate bargain renewal periods. If a lease were to be terminated prior to its stated expiration, all unamortized amounts of above-market and below-market in-place lease values related to that lease would be recorded as an adjustment to rental income.
The fair values of in-place leases include an estimate of direct costs associated with obtaining a new tenant and opportunity costs associated with lost rentals that are avoided by acquiring an in-place lease. Direct costs associated with obtaining a new tenant include commissions, tenant improvements, and other direct costs and are estimated based on management’s consideration of current market costs to execute a similar lease. The value of opportunity costs is calculated using the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases over a market absorption period for a similar lease. The in-place lease intangibles are amortized to expense over the remaining terms of the respective leases. If a lease were to be terminated prior to its stated expiration, all unamortized amounts of in-place lease assets relating to that lease would be expensed.
Revenue Recognition, Tenant Receivables and Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts
We recognize revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 605, Revenue Recognition, or ASC 605. ASC 605 requires that all four of the following basic criteria be met before revenue is realized or realizable and earned: (1) there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; (3) the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed and determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.
In accordance with ASC 840, Leases, minimum rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term ofhold the related lease (including rent holidays). Differences between rental income recognizedasset, that occur after our impairment assessment could impact the assumptions used in that assessment and amounts contractually due under the lease agreements are credited or chargedcould result in future charges to deferred rent receivable or deferred rent liability, as applicable. Tenant reimbursement revenue, which is comprised of additional amounts recoverableearnings if assumptions regarding those investments differ from tenants for common area maintenance expenses and certain other recoverable expenses, is recognized as revenue in the period in which the related expenses are incurred. Tenant reimbursements are recognized and presented in accordance with ASC Subtopic 605-45, Revenue Recognition—Principal Agent Consideration, or ASC 605-45. ASC 605-45 requires that these reimbursements be recorded on a gross basis when we are the primary obligor with respect to purchasing goods and services from third-party suppliers, and thus, we have discretion in selecting the supplier and have credit risk.
Tenant receivables and unbilled deferred rent receivables are carried net of the allowances for uncollectible current tenant receivables and unbilled deferred rent. An allowance will be maintained for estimated losses resulting from the inability of certain tenants to meet the contractual obligations under their lease agreements. We also maintain an allowance for deferred rent receivables arising from the straight-lining of rents. Our determination of the adequacy of these allowances is based primarily upon evaluations of historical loss experience, the tenant’s financial condition, security deposits, letters of credit, lease guarantees and current economic conditions and other relevant factors. No allowances for uncollectible tenant receivables were recorded as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.


Income Taxes
We elected to be taxed, and currently qualify, as a REIT for federal income tax purposes under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code, commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2014. As a REIT, we are required, among other things, to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding capital gains) to our stockholders. In addition, we generally will not be subject to federal corporate income tax to the extent we distribute our taxable income to our stockholders. REITs are subject to a number of other organizational and operational requirements. Even if we maintain our qualification for taxation as a REIT, we, or our subsidiaries, may be subject to certain state and local taxes on our income and property, and federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income.actual results.
Real Estate InvestmentsAcquisitions and Dispositions in 2017 and Subsequent2022
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiaries, acquired 16 real estate investments, consisting of 19We purchased seven healthcare properties, in five separate transactions, comprising approximately 244,000 rentable square feet for an aggregate purchase price of $610,923,000 and comprising approximately 2,149,000 gross rental square feet of commercial space.$157,194,000. In addition, we placed one healthcare property into service.
Subsequent to December 31, 2017 and through March 16, 2018, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiaries, acquired two real estate propertiesWe sold one land parcel that formerly contained a healthcare property for an aggregate purchasesale price of $50,960,000$24,000,000 and comprising approximately 133,000 gross rental square feetgenerated net proceeds of commercial space.$22,701,000.
For a further discussion of our 2017 acquisitions, see Note 3—"Real Estate Investments" and for a further discussion on acquisitions in 2018, see Note 21—"Subsequent Events" to the consolidated financial statements that are a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Factors thatThat May Influence Results of Operations
We are not aware at this time of any material trends or uncertainties, other than national economic conditions affecting real estate generally and those risks listeddiscussed below and in Part I. Item 1A. "Risk Factors,"“Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, affecting our real estate properties, that may reasonably be expected to have a material impact, favorable or unfavorable, on revenues or income from the acquisition, management and operation of our properties.properties.
Rental IncomeRevenue
The amount of rental incomerevenue generated by our properties depends principally on our ability to maintain the occupancy rates of leased space and to lease available space at the then-existingexisting rental rates. Negative trends in one or more of these factors could adversely affect our rental incomerevenue in future periods. We continually monitor our tenants' ability to meet their lease obligations to pay us rent to determine if any adjustments should be reflected currently. During the year ended December 31, 2022, certain tenants experienced a deterioration in their ability to pay rent in accordance with the contractual terms of their leases. As a result, we ceased recognizing rent on a straight-line basis and have only recorded rent for these tenants to the extent we have received cash. In addition, we wrote off $2,434,000 of previously recorded straight line rent receivable, during the year ended December 31, 2022, as a reduction in rental revenue, because the amounts were determined to be uncollectible. As of December 31, 2017,2022, our real estate properties were 97.7%99.5% leased.
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Results of Operations
The results of operations discussed below reflect the operations of our healthcare portfolio since the data centers segment is presented as discontinued operations on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for all years presented.
Our results of operations are influenced by the timing of acquisitions and the operating performance of our real estate properties. The following table shows the property statistics of our real estate properties as of December 31, 2017, 20162022 and 2015:2021:
 December 31,
 20222021
Number of real estate properties (1)
132 125 
Leased square feet5,508,000 5,219,000 
Weighted average percentage of rentable square feet leased99.5 %99.5 %
 December 31,
 2017 2016 2015
Number of commercial operating real estate properties(1)
69
 49
 28
Leased rentable square feet5,072,000
 2,972,000
 1,519,000
Weighted average percentage of rentable square feet leased97.7% 99.6% 99.7%
(1)As of December 31, 2017, we owned 70 real estate properties, one of which was under construction. As of December 31, 2016, we owned 51 real estate properties, two of which were under construction.


(1)As of December 31, 2022, we owned 132 real estate properties and two undeveloped land parcels. As of December 31, 2021, we owned 125 real estate properties and two undeveloped land parcels.
The following table summarizes our real estate activity for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162022 and 2015:2021:
 Year Ended
December 31,
 20222021
Real estate properties acquired
Real estate properties disposed— (1)
Aggregate purchase price of real estate properties acquired (2)
$157,194,000 $69,951,000 
Net book value of real estate properties disposed$— (1)$12,553,000 
Leased square feet of real estate property additions284,000 247,000 
 Year Ended December 31,
 2017 2016 2015
Commercial operating real estate properties acquired19
 21
(1) 
22
Commercial real estate properties placed into service1
 
 
Approximate aggregate purchase price of acquired real estate properties$610,923,000
 $523,082,000
(1) 
$374,164,000
Approximate aggregate cost of properties placed into service$3,252,000
 $
 $
Leased rentable square feet2,100,000
 1,443,000
 1,207,000
(1)
(1)During the year ended December 31, 2016, we acquired 23 real estate properties, two of which were under construction. The properties under construction were purchased for $13,601,000.
The following discussion is based on our consolidated financial statements for the years December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.2022, we disposed of one land parcel that formerly contained a healthcare property.
(2)Includes capitalized acquisition costs associated with transactions determined to be asset acquisitions.
Same Store Properties
This section describes and compares our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162022 and 2015.2021. We generate almostsubstantially all of our net operating incomerevenue from property operations. In order to evaluate our overall portfolio, management analyzes the net operating incomeresults of our same store properties. We define "same store properties" as operating properties that were owned and operated for the entirety of both calendar periods being compared and exclude properties under development.development, re-development, or classified as held for sale.
By evaluating the property net operating incomeresults of our same store properties, management is able to monitor the operations of our existing properties for comparable periods to measure the performance of our current portfolio and determinereadily observe the expected effects of our new acquisitions and dispositions on net income (loss). income.
Year Ended December 31, 20172022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 20162021
Changes in our revenues are summarized in theThe following table represents the breakdown of total rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the comparable period in 2021 (amounts in thousands):.
Year Ended
December 31,
20222021$ Change% Change
Same store rental revenue$155,323 $157,438 $(2,115)(1.3)%
Same store tenant reimbursements9,436 8,848 588 6.6 %
Non-same store rental revenue13,727 5,649 8,078 143.0 %
Non-same store tenant reimbursements1,495 802 693 86.4 %
Other operating income101 (96)(95.0)%
Total rental revenue$179,986 $172,838 $7,148 4.1 %
 Year Ended December 31,  
 2017 2016 Change
      
Same store rental and parking revenue$37,488
 $37,445
 $43
Non-same store rental and parking revenue68,422
 12,251
 56,171
Same store tenant reimbursement revenue5,599
 5,149
 450
Non-same store tenant reimbursement revenue13,448
 1,583
 11,865
Other operating income138
 3
 135
Total revenue$125,095
 $56,431
 $68,664
There was an increase in contractualSame store rental revenue resulting from average annualdecreased primarily due to a $2.4 million write-off of previously recorded straight-line rent escalationsrelated to tenants, partially offset by base rental increases of 2.10% at our same store properties, which was offset entirely by straight-line rental revenue.$1.0 million for leases indexed to CPI.
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Non-same store rental and parking revenue, and tenant reimbursement revenue increased due to an increase of $8.7 million from the acquisition of 40 operating properties and placingan increase of $1.4 million from the placement of development properties in service one development property since January 1, 2016.2021, partially offset by a decrease in non-same store rental revenue due to a decrease of $0.9 million related to the sale of properties since January 1, 2021, and a decrease of $1.1 million attributable to deferred rent from a property under renovation.
SameThere were no significant changes in same store tenant reimbursement revenue increased primarily due to an increase in real estate taxreimbursements, non-same store tenant reimbursements and common area maintenance reimbursements at certain same store properties.
Otherother operating income increased primarily due to miscellaneous fee income earned at one property.


income.
Changes in our expenses are summarized in the following table (amounts in thousands):
Year Ended
December 31,
20222021$ Change% Change
Same store rental expenses$15,627 $15,216 $411 2.7 %
Non-same store rental expenses2,323 2,496 (173)(6.9)%
General and administrative expenses22,079 21,388 691 3.2 %
Depreciation and amortization77,199 70,259 6,940 9.9 %
Impairment losses47,424 27,837 19,587 70.4 %
Total expenses$164,652 $137,196 $27,456 20.0 %
Gain on real estate dispositions$460 $89��$371 416.9 %
 Year Ended December 31,  
 2017 2016 Change
      
Same store rental and parking expenses$6,719
 $6,175
 $544
Non-same store rental and parking expenses19,377
 1,989
 17,388
General and administrative expenses4,069
 3,105
 964
Acquisition related expenses
 5,339
 (5,339)
Asset management fees9,963
 4,925
 5,038
Depreciation and amortization41,133
 19,211
 21,922
Total expenses$81,261
 $40,744
 $40,517
SameThere were no significant changes in same store rental expenses.
Non-same store rental expenses decreased due to a decrease of $1.7 million related to the sale of properties since January 1, 2021, which were vacant prior to sale, thus requiring us to incur incrementally more expenses in 2021, partially offset by an increase of $1.6 million related to the acquisition of properties and parkingplacement of development properties in service.
General and administrative expenses certain of which are subject to reimbursement by our tenants, increased primarily due to an increase in real estate taxesstock-based compensation of $1.5 million and other operatingan increase of $0.8 million in severance payments attributable to our former chief accounting officer, partially offset by a decrease of $1.3 million in transfer agent expenses at certain same store properties.attributable to changing our transfer agent in August 2021.
Non-same store rentalDepreciation and parking expenses, certain of which are subject to reimbursement by our tenants,amortization increased primarily due to an increase of $4.3 million from the acquisition of 40 operating properties, and placingan increase of $0.7 million from the placement of development properties in service one development property since January 1, 2016.
General2021, and administrative expenses increased due to an increaseimpairments of in-place lease intangibles in professional fees, personnel and reporting costs in connection with our Company's growth.
Acquisition related expenses decreased due tothe amount of approximately $4.3 million, partially offset by a decrease of $2.4 million from the sale of properties.
Impairment losses were recorded in real estatethe aggregate amount of $47.4 million related to several properties determined to be business combinations due to the adoption of ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations. Acquisition fees and expenses associated with transactions determined to be business combinations are expensed as incurred. During the year ended December 31, 2017, we did not acquire any real estate properties determined to be business combinations as compared to 12 real estate properties determined to be business combinations for an aggregate purchase price of $207.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2016.
Asset management fees increased due to an increase2022. Impairment losses were recorded in the weighted averageaggregate amount of our investments.
Depreciation and amortization increased due$27.8 million related to an increase inseveral properties during the weighted average depreciable basis of operating real estate investments.year ended December 31, 2021. The impaired properties for the year ended December 31, 2021 have all been subsequently sold.
Changes in interest and other expense, net, are summarized in the following table (amounts in thousands):
Year Ended
December 31,
20222021$ Change% Change
Interest and other expense, net:
Interest on notes payable$— $4,162 $(4,162)(100.0)%
Interest on credit facility24,077 33,463 (9,386)(28.0)%
Other income, net(305)(3,110)2,805 (90.2)%
Total interest and other expense, net$23,772 $34,515 $(10,743)(31.1)%
 Year Ended December 31,  
 2017 2016 Change
Interest expense, net:     
Interest on notes payable$(14,092) $(466) $(13,626)
Interest on secured credit facility(8,183) (3,504) (4,679)
Amortization of deferred financing costs(2,612) (1,061) (1,551)
Cash deposits interest195
 117
 78
Capitalized interest2,137
 524
 1,613
Total interest expense, net(22,555) (4,390) (18,165)
Interest on notes payable increaseddecreased due to an increase in the outstanding principal balance onrepayment of all of our notes payable related to $468.1 million as of December 31, 2017, as compared to $153.0 million as of December 31, 2016.healthcare properties on July 22, 2021, with proceeds from the Data Center Sale.
Interest on secured credit facility increaseddecreased $6.7 million primarily due to an increasea reduction in the weighted average outstanding principal balance on the securedour credit facility coupledof $212.0 million, which was paid in 2021 with an increase in interest rates.
Capitalized interest increasedthe proceeds from the Data Center Sale and a decrease of $0.9 million due to an increasea reduction in the weighted average accumulated expendituresinterest rate as a result of entering into the Unsecured Credit Facility (as defined below). In addition, interest on development properties to $39.5credit facility includes $3.4 million and $5.0 million in loss on extinguishment of debt for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
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Other income, net, primarily consisted of $0.2 million in lease termination settlement income from a former tenant at a disposed property for the year ended December 31, 2017, as compared to $11.22022. Other expense, net, primarily consisted of $1.1 million duringin interest income from notes receivable and $2.6 million in income from a transaction services agreement for the year ended December 31, 2016.2021.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal uses of funds are for acquisitions of real estate and real estate-related investments, capital expenditures, operating expenses, distributions to, and share repurchases from, stockholders and principal and interest payments on any current and future indebtedness. While interest rates on variable rate debt have increased and we expect will continue to increase globally, we believe our exposure is limited at this time due to our hedging strategy, which has effectively fixed 83% of our outstanding debt as of December 31, 2022, allowing us to reasonably project our liquidity needs. Generally, cash for these items is generated from operations of our current and future investments. Our sources of funds are primarily operating cash flows, funds equal to amounts reinvested in the DRIP, our credit facility and other potential borrowings.
When we acquire a property, we prepare a capital plan that contemplates the estimated capital needs of that investment. In addition to operating expenses, capital needs may also include, for example, costs of refurbishment, tenant improvements or other major capital expenditures. The capital plan also sets forth the anticipated sources of the necessary capital, which may include a line of credit, operating cash generated by the investment, additional equity investments from us, and when necessary, capital reserves. The capital plan for each investment will be adjusted through ongoing, regular reviews of our portfolio or, as necessary, to respond to unanticipated additional capital needs.
Short-term Liquidity and Capital Resources
For at least the next twelve months, we expect our principal demands for funds will be for operating expenses, including our general and administrative expenses, as well as the acquisition of real estate and real estate-related investments and funding of capital improvements and tenant improvements, distributions to and repurchases from stockholders, and interest payments on our credit facility. We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements through net cash flows provided by operations, funds equal to amounts reinvested in the DRIP and borrowings on our credit facility and potential other borrowings.
We believe we will have sufficient liquidity available to meet our obligations in a timely manner, under both normal and stressed conditions, for the next twelve months.
Long-term Liquidity and Capital Resources
Beyond the next twelve months, we expect our principal demands for funds will be for costs to acquire additional real estate properties, interest and principal payments on our credit facility, long-term capital investment demands for our real estate properties and our distributions necessary to maintain our REIT status.
We currently expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements through proceeds from cash flows from operations and borrowings on our credit facility and potential other borrowings.
We expect to pay distributions to our stockholders from cash flows from operations; however, we have used, and may continue to use, other sources to fund distributions, as necessary, such as funds equal to amounts reinvested in the DRIP. To the extent cash flows from operations are lower due to lower-than-expected returns on the properties held or the disposition of properties, distributions paid to stockholders may be lower. We currently expect that substantially all net cash flows from our operations will be used to fund acquisitions, certain capital expenditures identified at acquisition, ongoing capital expenditures, interest and principal payments on outstanding debt and distributions to our stockholders.
Material Cash Requirements
In addition to the cash we need to conduct our normal business operations, we expect to require approximately $22,878,000 in cash over the next twelve months, of which $20,203,000 will be required for the payment of estimated interest on our outstanding debt (calculated based on our effective interest rates as of December 31, 2022) and $2,675,000 related to our various obligations as lessee. We cannot provide assurances, however, that actual expenditures will not exceed these estimates.
As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately $12,917,000 in cash and cash equivalents. For the year ended December 31, 2022, we paid capital expenditures of $8,440,000 that primarily related to the completion of a development property, which was placed into service during the period, and re-developing another real estate property.
As of December 31, 2022, we had material obligations beyond 12 months in the amount of approximately $758,114,000, inclusive of $639,748,000 related to principal and estimated interest payments on our outstanding debt (calculated based on our effective interest rates as of December 31, 2022) and $118,366,000 related to our various obligations as lessee.
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One of our principal liquidity needs is the payment of principal and interest on outstanding indebtedness. As of December 31, 2022, we had $583,000,000 of principal outstanding under our Unsecured Credit Facility. We are required by the terms of certain loan documents to meet certain covenants, such as financial ratios and reporting requirements. As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with all such covenants and requirements on our Unsecured Credit Facility (as defined below).
As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate notional amount under our derivative instruments was $485,000,000. We have agreements with each derivative counterparty that contain cross-default provisions; if we default on our indebtedness, then we could also be declared in default on our derivative obligations, resulting in an acceleration of payment of any net amounts due under our derivative contracts. As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with all such cross-default provisions.
Debt Service Requirements
Credit Facility
As of December 31, 2022, the maximum commitments available under the Revolving Credit Agreement, were $500,000,000, which may be increased, subject to lender approval, through incremental term loans and/or revolving loan commitments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1,000,000,000. The maturity date for the Revolving Credit Agreement is February 15, 2026, which, at our election, may be extended for a period of six-months on no more than two occasions, subject to certain conditions, including the payment of an extension fee. The Revolving Credit Agreement was entered into on February 15, 2022, to replace our prior $500,000,000 revolving line of credit, which had a maturity date of April 27, 2022, with an option to extend for one twelve-month period. We did not exercise the option to extend. Upon closing of the Revolving Credit Agreement, we extinguished all commitments associated with the prior revolving line of credit. As of December 31, 2022, the Revolving Credit Agreement had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $8,000,000.
As of December 31, 2022, the maximum commitments available under the 2024 Term Loan Agreement, were $300,000,000, which may be increased, subject to lender approval, to an aggregate amount not to exceed $600,000,000. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement has a maturity date of December 31, 2024, and, at our election, may be extended for a period of six-months on no more than two occasions, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the payment of an extension fee. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement was entered into simultaneously with the Revolving Credit Agreement’s execution, on February 15, 2022, to replace our prior term loan, which was paid off in its entirety upon closing of the Revolving Credit Agreement and the 2024 Term Loan Agreement. As of December 31, 2022, the 2024 Term Loan Agreement had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $300,000,000.
As of December 31, 2022, the maximum commitments available under the 2028 Term Loan Agreement, were $275,000,000, of which $205,000,000 was drawn at closing to pay down our Revolving Credit Agreement in its entirety. The remainder of the commitments were available for three months following the closing date, or the Availability Period, and were available in no more than three subsequent draws with a minimum of $20,000,000 per draw, or the remaining commitments available. After the Availability Period, the undrawn portion was no longer available. If the committed amount was not fully drawn within 60 days of closing, we were required to pay a fee to the lenders, calculated as 0.25% per annum on the average daily amount of the undrawn portion, payable quarterly in arrears, until the earlier of (i) the date when the commitments have been funded in full, or (ii) August 17, 2022. The 2028 Term Loan Agreement may be increased, subject to lender approval, to an aggregate amount not to exceed $500,000,000 and has a maturity date of January 31, 2028. The 2028 Term Loan Agreement is pari passu with our Revolving Credit Agreement and 2024 Term Loan Agreement. On July 12, 2022 and July 20, 2022, we drew $50,000,000 and $20,000,000, respectively, on the 2028 Term Loan Agreement. As of July 20, 2022, the 2028 Term Loan Agreement commitments were fully funded. As of December 31, 2022, the 2028 Term Loan Agreement had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $275,000,000.
The Unsecured Credit Facility has aggregate commitments available of $1,075,000,000, as of December 31, 2022. Generally, the proceeds of loans made under our Unsecured Credit Facility may be used for acquisition of real estate investments, funding of tenant improvements and leasing commissions with respect to real estate, repayment of indebtedness, funding of capital expenditures with respect to real estate, and general corporate and working capital purposes.
During the year ended December 31, 2022, we drew $70,000,000 on the Revolving Credit Agreement to fund acquisitions and we repaid $57,000,000 on the Revolving Credit Agreement, with proceeds from dispositions and cash flows from operations.
As of December 31, 2022, we had a total pool availability under our Unsecured Credit Facility of $1,075,000,000 and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $583,000,000; therefore, $492,000,000 was available to be drawn under our Unsecured Credit Facility. We were in compliance with all the financial covenant requirements as of December 31, 2022.
Financing
For these purposes, the fair value of each asset is equal to the purchase price paid for the asset or, if the asset was appraised subsequent to the date of purchase, then the fair value is equal to the value reported in the most recent independent
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appraisal of the asset. Our policies do not limit the amount we may borrow with respect to any individual investment. As of December 31, 2022, our borrowings were approximately 24.3% of the fair value of our real estate-related investments.
Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 20162022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 20152021

Year Ended
December 31,
(in thousands)20222021Change% Change
Net cash provided by operating activities$121,675 $136,942 $(15,267)(11.1)%
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities$(142,812)$1,226,842 $(1,369,654)(111.6)%
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities$1,340 $(1,398,813)$1,400,153 (100.1)%

Cash flows from discontinued operations are not separately disclosed on the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Changes in our revenues are summarized inOperating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities decreased primarily due to us owning fewer properties subsequent to the following table (amounts in thousands):
 Year Ended December 31,  
 2016 2015 Change
      
Same store rental and parking revenue$7,533
 $7,530
 $3
Non-same store rental and parking revenue42,158
 11,453
 30,705
Same store tenant reimbursement revenue312
 312
 
Non-same store tenant reimbursement revenue6,420
 1,974
 4,446
Other operating income8
 17
 (9)
Total revenue$56,431
 $21,286
 $35,145
In addition, there wasData Center Sale on July 22, 2021, partially offset by an increase in contractual rental revenuerevenues resulting from average annual rent escalations of 1.97% at our same store properties, which was offset by straight-line rental revenue.
Non-same store rental and parking revenue, and tenant reimbursement revenue increased $30.7 million due to the acquisition of 43 operating properties and placement of development properties in service since January 1, 2015.
Changes2021 coupled with a decrease in interest paid as a result of entering into the Unsecured Credit Facility and the pay-off of all our expenses are summarized in the following table (amounts in thousands):
 Year Ended December 31,  
 2016 2015 Change
      
Same store rental expenses$473
 $492
 $(19)
Non-same store rental and parking expenses7,691
 2,344
 5,347
General and administrative expenses3,105
 2,133
 972
Acquisition related expenses5,339
 10,250
 (4,911)
Asset management fees4,925
 1,895
 3,030
Depreciation and amortization19,211
 7,053
 12,158
Total expenses$40,744
 $24,167
 $16,577
Non-same store rental and parking expenses, certain of which are subject to reimbursement by our tenants, increased primarily due to the acquisition of 43 operating properties since January 1, 2015.
General and administrative expenses increased primarily due to an increase in professional and legal fees, an increase in personnel costs and an increase in other administrative costs,notes payable on July 22, 2021, in connection with our Company's growth.the Data Center Sale.
Investing Activities
Acquisition related expenses decreased due to a decreaseNet cash used in real estate properties determined to be business combinations due to the adoption of ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations. Acquisition fees and expenses associated with transactions determined to be business combinations are expensed as incurred. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we acquired 12 real estate properties determined to be business combinations for an aggregate purchase price of $207.4 million as compared to 21 real estate properties determined to be business combinations for an aggregate purchase price of $366.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2015.
Asset management fees increased due to an increase in the weighted average of our investments.
Depreciation and amortization increased due to an increase in the weighted average depreciable basis of operating real estate investments.


Changes in interest expense, net are summarized in the following table (amounts in thousands):
 Year Ended December 31,  
 2016 2015 Change
Interest expense, net:     
Interest on notes payable$(466) $
 $(466)
Interest on secured credit facility(3,504) (1,231) (2,273)
Amortization of deferred financing costs(1,061) (721) (340)
Cash deposits interest117
 66
 51
Capitalized interest524
 
 524
Total interest expense, net$(4,390) $(1,886) $(2,504)
Interest on notes payable increased due to an increase in the outstanding principal balance on notes payable to $153.0 million as of December 31, 2016, as compared to $0 as of December 31, 2015.
Interest on secured credit facility increased due to an increase in the weighted average outstanding principal balance on the secured credit facility.
Capitalized interest increased due to an increase in the average accumulated expenditures on development properties to $11.2 millioninvesting activities for the year ended December 31, 2016, as compared2022, was due to having nothe purchase of real estate properties and payment of capital expenditures primarily related to the completion of a development propertiesproperty, which was placed into service during the period, and re-developing another real estate property, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of a property. Net cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015.2021, was primarily due to the Data Center Sale and the collection of a note receivable, partially offset by the purchase of real estate properties, payment of capital expenditures related to a data center property and three healthcare properties and consideration paid for the Internalization Transaction.
OrganizationFinancing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022, was due to proceeds from our credit facility, partially offset by payments on our credit facility, payments of deferred financing costs as a result of entering into the 2024 Term Loan Agreement and Offering Costs
We reimburseRevolving Credit Agreement on February 15, 2022 and the 2028 Term Loan Agreement on May 17, 2022, repurchases of our Advisor or its affiliates for organizationcommon stock under our share repurchase program, distributions to our common stockholders and payment of offering costs it incurson issuance of common stock. Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021, was due to payments on notes payable and debt extinguishment as a result of the Data Center Sale, payments on our behalf, but only to the extent the reimbursement would not cause the selling commissions, dealer manager fees, distribution and servicing fees and other organization and offering costs incurred by us to exceed 15% of gross offeringcredit facility primarily with proceeds from the Initial Offering and the Offering asData Center Sale, payments of the datedeferred financing costs, repurchases of the reimbursement. Other offering costs associated with the Initial Offering (other than selling commissions, dealer manager fees andour common stock under our share repurchase program, distributions to our common stockholders, including a special cash distribution, and servicing fees) were approximately 2.0%payment of the gross offering proceeds. We expect that other offering costs associated with the Offering (other than selling commissions, dealer manager fees and distribution and servicing fees) will be approximately 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds. Since inception, our Advisor and its affiliates incurred other organization and offering costs on issuance of common stock, partially offset by proceeds from our behalf of approximately $17,669,000 as of December 31, 2017. As of December 31, 2017, we reimbursed our Advisor or its affiliates approximately $17,049,000 in other offering costs. In addition, we paid our Advisor or its affiliates $453,000 in other offering costs related to subscription agreements. As of December 31, 2017, we accrued approximately $167,000 of other offering costs to our Advisor and its affiliates. As of December 31, 2017, we incurred approximately $91,898,000 in selling commissions and dealer manager fees and $15,830,000 in distribution and servicing fees to our Dealer Manager. As of December 31, 2017, we incurred other offering costs (other than selling commissions, dealer manager fees and distribution and servicing fees) of approximately $23,357,000.credit facility.
When incurred, organization costs are expensed and offering costs, including selling commissions, dealer manager fees, distribution and servicing fees and other offering costs are charged to stockholders’ equity. For a further discussion of other organization and offering costs, see Note 10—"Related-Party Transactions and Arrangements" to the consolidated financial statements that are a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
DistributionsLiquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal uses of funds are for acquisitions of real estate and real estate-related investments, capital expenditures, operating expenses, distributions to, Stockholdersand share repurchases from, stockholders and principal and interest payments on any current and future indebtedness. While interest rates on variable rate debt have increased and we expect will continue to increase globally, we believe our exposure is limited at this time due to our hedging strategy, which has effectively fixed 83% of our outstanding debt as of December 31, 2022, allowing us to reasonably project our liquidity needs. Generally, cash for these items is generated from operations of our current and future investments. Our sources of funds are primarily operating cash flows, funds equal to amounts reinvested in the DRIP, our credit facility and other potential borrowings.
When we acquire a property, we prepare a capital plan that contemplates the estimated capital needs of that investment. In addition to operating expenses, capital needs may also include, for example, costs of refurbishment, tenant improvements or other major capital expenditures. The capital plan also sets forth the anticipated sources of the necessary capital, which may include a line of credit, operating cash generated by the investment, additional equity investments from us, and when necessary, capital reserves. The capital plan for each investment will be adjusted through ongoing, regular reviews of our portfolio or, as necessary, to respond to unanticipated additional capital needs.
Short-term Liquidity and Capital Resources
For at least the next twelve months, we expect our principal demands for funds will be for operating expenses, including our general and administrative expenses, as well as the acquisition of real estate and real estate-related investments and funding of capital improvements and tenant improvements, distributions to and repurchases from stockholders, and interest payments on our credit facility. We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements through net cash flows provided by operations, funds equal to amounts reinvested in the DRIP and borrowings on our credit facility and potential other borrowings.
We believe we will have paid,sufficient liquidity available to meet our obligations in a timely manner, under both normal and stressed conditions, for the next twelve months.
Long-term Liquidity and Capital Resources
Beyond the next twelve months, we expect our principal demands for funds will be for costs to acquire additional real estate properties, interest and principal payments on our credit facility, long-term capital investment demands for our real estate properties and our distributions necessary to maintain our REIT status.
We currently expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements through proceeds from cash flows from operations and borrowings on our credit facility and potential other borrowings.
We expect to pay distributions to our stockholders from cash flows from operations; however, we have used, and may continue to pay,use, other sources to fund distributions, from sources other than from ouras necessary, such as funds equal to amounts reinvested in the DRIP. To the extent cash flows from operations.operations are lower due to lower-than-expected returns on the properties held or the disposition of properties, distributions paid to stockholders may be lower. We currently expect that substantially all net cash flows from our operations will be used to fund acquisitions, certain capital expenditures identified at acquisition, ongoing capital expenditures, interest and principal payments on outstanding debt and distributions to our stockholders.
Material Cash Requirements
In addition to the cash we need to conduct our normal business operations, we expect to require approximately $22,878,000 in cash over the next twelve months, of which $20,203,000 will be required for the payment of estimated interest on our outstanding debt (calculated based on our effective interest rates as of December 31, 2022) and $2,675,000 related to our various obligations as lessee. We cannot provide assurances, however, that actual expenditures will not exceed these estimates.
As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately $12,917,000 in cash and cash equivalents. For the year ended December 31, 2017, our cash flows provided by operations2022, we paid capital expenditures of $8,440,000 that primarily related to the completion of a development property, which was placed into service during the period, and re-developing another real estate property.
As of December 31, 2022, we had material obligations beyond 12 months in the amount of approximately $51.8 million was a shortfall$758,114,000, inclusive of approximately $9.5 million, or 15.5%,$639,748,000 related to principal and estimated interest payments on our outstanding debt (calculated based on our effective interest rates as of December 31, 2022) and $118,366,000 related to our various obligations as lessee.
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One of our distributions (total distributionsprincipal liquidity needs is the payment of principal and interest on outstanding indebtedness. As of December 31, 2022, we had $583,000,000 of principal outstanding under our Unsecured Credit Facility. We are required by the terms of certain loan documents to meet certain covenants, such as financial ratios and reporting requirements. As of December 31, 2022, we were approximately $61.3 million,in compliance with all such covenants and requirements on our Unsecured Credit Facility (as defined below).
As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate notional amount under our derivative instruments was $485,000,000. We have agreements with each derivative counterparty that contain cross-default provisions; if we default on our indebtedness, then we could also be declared in default on our derivative obligations, resulting in an acceleration of payment of any net amounts due under our derivative contracts. As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with all such cross-default provisions.
Debt Service Requirements
Credit Facility
As of December 31, 2022, the maximum commitments available under the Revolving Credit Agreement, were $500,000,000, which may be increased, subject to lender approval, through incremental term loans and/or revolving loan commitments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1,000,000,000. The maturity date for the Revolving Credit Agreement is February 15, 2026, which, at our election, may be extended for a period of six-months on no more than two occasions, subject to certain conditions, including the payment of an extension fee. The Revolving Credit Agreement was entered into on February 15, 2022, to replace our prior $500,000,000 revolving line of credit, which had a maturity date of April 27, 2022, with an option to extend for one twelve-month period. We did not exercise the option to extend. Upon closing of the Revolving Credit Agreement, we extinguished all commitments associated with the prior revolving line of credit. As of December 31, 2022, the Revolving Credit Agreement had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $8,000,000.
As of December 31, 2022, the maximum commitments available under the 2024 Term Loan Agreement, were $300,000,000, which may be increased, subject to lender approval, to an aggregate amount not to exceed $600,000,000. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement has a maturity date of December 31, 2024, and, at our election, may be extended for a period of six-months on no more than two occasions, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the payment of an extension fee. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement was entered into simultaneously with the Revolving Credit Agreement’s execution, on February 15, 2022, to replace our prior term loan, which was paid off in its entirety upon closing of the Revolving Credit Agreement and the 2024 Term Loan Agreement. As of December 31, 2022, the 2024 Term Loan Agreement had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $300,000,000.
As of December 31, 2022, the maximum commitments available under the 2028 Term Loan Agreement, were $275,000,000, of which $29.0 million$205,000,000 was cashdrawn at closing to pay down our Revolving Credit Agreement in its entirety. The remainder of the commitments were available for three months following the closing date, or the Availability Period, and $32.3 millionwere available in no more than three subsequent draws with a minimum of $20,000,000 per draw, or the remaining commitments available. After the Availability Period, the undrawn portion was reinvestedno longer available. If the committed amount was not fully drawn within 60 days of closing, we were required to pay a fee to the lenders, calculated as 0.25% per annum on the average daily amount of the undrawn portion, payable quarterly in sharesarrears, until the earlier of (i) the date when the commitments have been funded in full, or (ii) August 17, 2022. The 2028 Term Loan Agreement may be increased, subject to lender approval, to an aggregate amount not to exceed $500,000,000 and has a maturity date of January 31, 2028. The 2028 Term Loan Agreement is pari passu with our common stock pursuant to our DRIP) during such periodRevolving Credit Agreement and such shortfall was paid from proceeds from our DRIP Offering. For2024 Term Loan Agreement. On July 12, 2022 and July 20, 2022, we drew $50,000,000 and $20,000,000, respectively, on the year ended2028 Term Loan Agreement. As of July 20, 2022, the 2028 Term Loan Agreement commitments were fully funded. As of December 31, 2016, our cash flows provided by operations2022, the 2028 Term Loan Agreement had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of approximately $25.0 million was a shortfall$275,000,000.
The Unsecured Credit Facility has aggregate commitments available of approximately $15.6 million, or 38.4%,$1,075,000,000, as of our distributions (total distributions were approximately $40.6 million, of which $17.7 million was cash and $22.9 million was reinvested in shares of our common stock pursuant to our DRIP) during such period and such shortfall was paid from proceeds from our Initial Offering. Until we acquire additional properties or other real estate-related investments, we may not generate sufficient cash flows from operations to pay distributions. Our inability to acquire additional properties or other real estate-related investments may result in a lower return on investment than a stockholder may expect.
We do not have any limits on the sources of funding distribution payments to our stockholders. We may pay distributions from any source, such as from borrowings, the sale of assets, the sale of additional securities, advances from our advisor, our


advisor’s deferral, suspension and/or waiver of its fees and expense reimbursements and offering proceeds and have no limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources. Funding distributions from borrowings could restrict the amount we can borrow for investments, which may affect our profitability. Funding distributions with the sale of assets may affect our ability to generate cash flows. Funding distributions from the sale of additional securities could dilute a stockholder's interest in us if we sell shares of our common stock to third party investors. Funding distributions fromDecember 31, 2022. Generally, the proceeds of loans made under our Offering will result in us having less funds available for acquiring properties or real estate-related investments. Our inability to acquire additional properties or real estate-related investments may have a negative effect on our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations to pay distributions. As a result, the return investors may realize on their investmentUnsecured Credit Facility may be reducedused for acquisition of real estate investments, funding of tenant improvements and investors who invest in us before we generate significant cash flow may realize a lower rateleasing commissions with respect to real estate, repayment of return than later investors. Payment of distributions from any of the mentioned sources could restrict our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations, affect our profitability and/or affect the distributions payable upon a liquidity event, any or all of which may have an adverse effect on an investment in us.
For federal income tax purposes, distributions to common stockholders are characterized as ordinary dividends, capital gain distributions, or nontaxable distributions. To the extent that we make a distribution in excess of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, the distribution will be a nontaxable returnindebtedness, funding of capital reducing the tax basis in each U.S. stockholder’s shares. Further, the amount of distributions in excess of a U.S. stockholder’s tax basis in such shares will be taxable as a gain realized from the sale of those shares.expenditures with respect to real estate, and general corporate and working capital purposes.
The following table shows the character of distributions we paid on a percentage basis during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:
 Year Ended December 31,
Character of Class A Distributions:2017 2016 2015
Ordinary dividends36.49% 34.23% 33.81%
Nontaxable distributions63.51% 65.77% 66.19%
Total100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
      
 Year Ended December 31,
Character of Class I Distributions:2017 2016 2015
Ordinary dividends36.49% % %
Nontaxable distributions63.51% % %
Total100.00% % %
      
 Year Ended December 31,
Character of Class T Distributions:2017 2016 2015
Ordinary dividends25.93% 23.07% %
Nontaxable distributions74.07% 76.93% %
Total100.00% 100.00% %
Share Repurchase Program
We have approved a share repurchase program that allows for repurchases of shares of our common stock when certain criteria are met. The share repurchase program provides that all repurchases during any calendar year, including those redeemable upon death or a Qualifying Disability of a stockholder, are limited to 5% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding on December 31st of the previous calendar year and to those that can be funded with reinvestments pursuant to our DRIP Offering during the prior calendar year and other operating funds, if any, as the board of directors, in its sole discretion, may reserve for this purpose.
Repurchases of shares of the Company’s common stock are at the sole discretion of our board of directors. In addition, our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may amend, suspend, reduce, terminate or otherwise change the share repurchase program upon 30 days’ prior notice to our stockholders for any reason it deems appropriate. During the year ended December 31, 2017,2022, we received valid repurchase requestsdrew $70,000,000 on the Revolving Credit Agreement to fund acquisitions and we repaid $57,000,000 on the Revolving Credit Agreement, with proceeds from dispositions and cash flows from operations.
As of December 31, 2022, we had a total pool availability under our Unsecured Credit Facility of $1,075,000,000 and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $583,000,000; therefore, $492,000,000 was available to be drawn under our Unsecured Credit Facility. We were in compliance with all the financial covenant requirements as of December 31, 2022.
Financing
For these purposes, the fair value of each asset is equal to the purchase price paid for the asset or, if the asset was appraised subsequent to the date of purchase, then the fair value is equal to the value reported in the most recent independent
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appraisal of the asset. Our policies do not limit the amount we may borrow with respect to any individual investment. As of December 31, 2022, our borrowings were approximately 24.3% of the fair value of our real estate-related investments.
Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2021
Year Ended
December 31,
(in thousands)20222021Change% Change
Net cash provided by operating activities$121,675 $136,942 $(15,267)(11.1)%
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities$(142,812)$1,226,842 $(1,369,654)(111.6)%
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities$1,340 $(1,398,813)$1,400,153 (100.1)%
Cash flows from discontinued operations are not separately disclosed on the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities decreased primarily due to us owning fewer properties subsequent to the Data Center Sale on July 22, 2021, partially offset by an increase in rental revenues resulting from the acquisition of properties and placement of development properties in service since January 1, 2021 coupled with a decrease in interest paid as a result of entering into the Unsecured Credit Facility and the pay-off of all our notes payable on July 22, 2021, in connection with the Data Center Sale.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022, was due to the purchase of real estate properties and payment of capital expenditures primarily related to approximately 1,880,820 Class A shares, Class T sharesthe completion of a development property, which was placed into service during the period, and Class I sharesre-developing another real estate property, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of a property. Net cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021, was primarily due to the Data Center Sale and the collection of a note receivable, partially offset by the purchase of real estate properties, payment of capital expenditures related to a data center property and three healthcare properties and consideration paid for the Internalization Transaction.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022, was due to proceeds from our credit facility, partially offset by payments on our credit facility, payments of deferred financing costs as a result of entering into the 2024 Term Loan Agreement and Revolving Credit Agreement on February 15, 2022 and the 2028 Term Loan Agreement on May 17, 2022, repurchases of our common stock under our share repurchase program, distributions to our common stockholders and payment of offering costs on issuance of common stock. Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021, was due to payments on notes payable and debt extinguishment as a result of the Data Center Sale, payments on our credit facility primarily with proceeds from the Data Center Sale, payments of deferred financing costs, repurchases of our common stock under our share repurchase program, distributions to our common stockholders, including a special cash distribution, and payment of offering costs on issuance of common stock, (1,793,424 Class A shares, 81,939 Class T shares and 5,457 Class I shares), all of which were repurchased in full for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $17,159,000 (an average of $9.12 per share).


Inflation
We are exposed to inflation risk as incomepartially offset by proceeds from long-term leases is the primary source of our cash flows from operations. There are provisions in certain of our leases with tenants that are intended to protect us from, and mitigate the risk of, the impact of inflation. These provisions include scheduled increases in contractual base rent receipts, reimbursement billings for operating expenses, pass-through charges and real estate tax and insurance reimbursements. However, due to the long-term nature of our leases, among other factors, the leases may not reset frequently enough to adequately offset the effects of inflation.credit facility.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal demands foruses of funds are for acquisitions of real estate and real estate-related investments, to paycapital expenditures, operating expenses, distributions to, and share repurchases from, stockholders and principal and interest payments on any current and future indebtedness. While interest rates on variable rate debt have increased and we expect will continue to increase globally, we believe our exposure is limited at this time due to our hedging strategy, which has effectively fixed 83% of our outstanding debt as of December 31, 2022, allowing us to reasonably project our liquidity needs. Generally, cash for these items is generated from operations of our current and future indebtedness and to pay distributions to our stockholders.investments. Our sources of funds are primarily the net proceeds of our Offering,operating cash flows, funds equal to amounts reinvested in the DRIP, operating cash flows, the securedour credit facility and other borrowings. In addition, we require resources to make certain payments to our Advisor and our Dealer Manager, which, during our Offering, include payments to our Advisor and its affiliates for reimbursement of other organization and offering expenses and other costs incurred on our behalf, and payments to our Dealer Manager and its affiliates for selling commissions, dealer manager fees, distribution and servicing fees, and offering expenses.
Generally, cash needs for items other than acquisitions of real estate and real estate-related investments are met from operations, borrowings, and the net proceeds of our Offering. However, there may be a delay between the sale of shares of our common stock and our investments in real estate, which could result in a delay in the benefits to our stockholders, if any, of returns generated from our investment operations.
Our Advisor evaluates potential additional investments and engages in negotiations with real estate sellers, developers, brokers, investment managers, lenders and others on our behalf. Until we invest all of the proceeds of our Offering in properties and real estate-related investments, we may invest in short-term, highly liquid or other authorized investments. Such short-term investments will not earn significant returns, and we cannot predict how long it will take to fully invest the proceeds in properties and real estate-related investments. The number of properties we acquire and other investments we make will depend upon the number of shares sold in our Offering and the resulting amount of net proceeds available for investment.borrowings.
When we acquire a property, our Advisor prepareswe prepare a capital plan that contemplates the estimated capital needs of that investment. In addition to operating expenses, capital needs may also include, for example, costs of refurbishment, tenant improvements or other major capital expenditures. The capital plan also sets forth the anticipated sources of the necessary capital, which may include a line of credit, or other loans established with respect to the investment, operating cash generated by the investment, additional equity investments from us, or joint venture partners or,and when necessary, capital reserves. Any capital reserves would be established from the net proceeds of our Offering, proceeds from sales of other investments, operating cash generated by other investments or other cash on hand. In some cases, a lender may require us to establish capital reserves for a particular investment. The capital plan for each investment will be adjusted through ongoing, regular reviews of our portfolio or, as necessary, to respond to unanticipated additional capital needs.
Short-term Liquidity and Capital Resources
On a short-term basis,For at least the next twelve months, we expect our principal demands for funds will be for operating expenses, including our general and administrative expenses, as well as the acquisition of real estate and real estate-related notes and investments and paymentsfunding of capital improvements and tenant improvements, acquisition related costs, operating expenses, distributions to and repurchases from stockholders, and interest and principal payments on current and future debt financings.our credit facility. We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements through net cash flows provided by operations, net proceeds from our Offering,funds equal to amounts reinvested in the DRIP and borrowings on the securedour credit facility as well as secured and unsecured borrowings from bankspotential other borrowings.
We believe we will have sufficient liquidity available to meet our obligations in a timely manner, under both normal and other lenders to finance our expected future acquisitions.stressed conditions, for the next twelve months.
Long-term Liquidity and Capital Resources
On a long-term basis,Beyond the next twelve months, we expect our principal demands for funds will be for the acquisition ofcosts to acquire additional real estate and real estate-related notes and investments and payments of tenant improvements, acquisition related costs, operating expenses, distributions to and repurchases from stockholders, andproperties, interest and principal payments on currentour credit facility, long-term capital investment demands for our real estate properties and future indebtedness. our distributions necessary to maintain our REIT status.
We currently expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements through proceeds from cash flow from operations, borrowings on the secured credit facility, proceeds from secured or unsecured borrowings from banks or other lenders, proceeds from our Offering and funds equal to amounts reinvested in the DRIP.
We expect that substantially all cash flows from operations will be usedand borrowings on our credit facility and potential other borrowings.
We expect to pay distributions to our stockholders after certain capital expenditures;from cash flows from operations; however, we have used, and may continue to use, other sources to fund distributions, as necessary, such as proceeds from our Offering, borrowings onfunds equal to amounts reinvested in the secured credit facility and/or future borrowings on unencumbered assets.DRIP. To the extent cash flows from operations are lower due to fewer properties being acquired or lower-than-expected


returns on the properties held or the disposition of properties, distributions paid to stockholders may be lower. We currently expect that substantially all net cash flows from our Offering or debt financingsoperations will be used to fund acquisitions, certain capital expenditures identified at acquisition, repayments ofongoing capital expenditures, interest and principal payments on outstanding debt orand distributions to our stockholders in excess ofstockholders.
Material Cash Requirements
In addition to the cash flows from operations.
Capital Expenditures
We willwe need to conduct our normal business operations, we expect to require approximately $21.6 million$22,878,000 in expenditures for capital improvementscash over the next 12 months.twelve months, of which $20,203,000 will be required for the payment of estimated interest on our outstanding debt (calculated based on our effective interest rates as of December 31, 2022) and $2,675,000 related to our various obligations as lessee. We cannot provide assurances, however, that actual expenditures will not exceed these estimated expenditure levels. estimates.
As of December 31, 2017, we had $9.1 million of restricted cash in escrow reserve accounts for such capital expenditures. In addition, as of December 31, 2017,2022, we had approximately $74.8 million$12,917,000 in cash and cash equivalents. For the year ended December 31, 2017,2022, we hadpaid capital expenditures of $32.5 million$8,440,000 that primarily related to two healthcarethe completion of a development property, which was placed into service during the period, and re-developing another real estate investments.property.
As of December 31, 2022, we had material obligations beyond 12 months in the amount of approximately $758,114,000, inclusive of $639,748,000 related to principal and estimated interest payments on our outstanding debt (calculated based on our effective interest rates as of December 31, 2022) and $118,366,000 related to our various obligations as lessee.
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One of our principal liquidity needs is the payment of principal and interest on outstanding indebtedness. As of December 31, 2022, we had $583,000,000 of principal outstanding under our Unsecured Credit Facility. We are required by the terms of certain loan documents to meet certain covenants, such as financial ratios and reporting requirements. As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with all such covenants and requirements on our Unsecured Credit Facility (as defined below).
As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate notional amount under our derivative instruments was $485,000,000. We have agreements with each derivative counterparty that contain cross-default provisions; if we default on our indebtedness, then we could also be declared in default on our derivative obligations, resulting in an acceleration of payment of any net amounts due under our derivative contracts. As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with all such cross-default provisions.
Debt Service Requirements
Credit Facility
As of December 31, 2017,2022, the maximum commitments available under the secured credit facilityRevolving Credit Agreement, were $425,000,000, consisting$500,000,000, which may be increased, subject to lender approval, through incremental term loans and/or revolving loan commitments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1,000,000,000. The maturity date for the Revolving Credit Agreement is February 15, 2026, which, at our election, may be extended for a period of a $325,000,000six-months on no more than two occasions, subject to certain conditions, including the payment of an extension fee. The Revolving Credit Agreement was entered into on February 15, 2022, to replace our prior $500,000,000 revolving line of credit, which had a maturity date of April 27, 2022, with an option to extend for one twelve-month period. We did not exercise the option to extend. Upon closing of the Revolving Credit Agreement, we extinguished all commitments associated with the prior revolving line of credit. As of December 31, 2022, the Revolving Credit Agreement had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $8,000,000.
As of December 31, 2022, the maximum commitments available under the 2024 Term Loan Agreement, were $300,000,000, which may be increased, subject to lender approval, to an aggregate amount not to exceed $600,000,000. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement has a maturity date of December 22, 2018,31, 2024, and, at our election, may be extended for a period of six-months on no more than two occasions, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the payment of an extension fee. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement was entered into simultaneously with the Revolving Credit Agreement’s execution, on February 15, 2022, to replace our Operating Partnership's right to two, 12-month extension periods, and a $100,000,000prior term loan, which was paid off in its entirety upon closing of the Revolving Credit Agreement and the 2024 Term Loan Agreement. As of December 31, 2022, the 2024 Term Loan Agreement had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $300,000,000.
As of December 31, 2022, the maximum commitments available under the 2028 Term Loan Agreement, were $275,000,000, of which $205,000,000 was drawn at closing to pay down our Revolving Credit Agreement in its entirety. The remainder of the commitments were available for three months following the closing date, or the Availability Period, and were available in no more than three subsequent draws with a minimum of $20,000,000 per draw, or the remaining commitments available. After the Availability Period, the undrawn portion was no longer available. If the committed amount was not fully drawn within 60 days of closing, we were required to pay a fee to the lenders, calculated as 0.25% per annum on the average daily amount of the undrawn portion, payable quarterly in arrears, until the earlier of (i) the date when the commitments have been funded in full, or (ii) August 17, 2022. The 2028 Term Loan Agreement may be increased, subject to lender approval, to an aggregate amount not to exceed $500,000,000 and has a maturity date of January 31, 2028. The 2028 Term Loan Agreement is pari passu with our Revolving Credit Agreement and 2024 Term Loan Agreement. On July 12, 2022 and July 20, 2022, we drew $50,000,000 and $20,000,000, respectively, on the 2028 Term Loan Agreement. As of July 20, 2022, the 2028 Term Loan Agreement commitments were fully funded. As of December 22, 2019, subject to our Operating Partnership's right to one, 12-month extension period.31, 2022, the 2028 Term Loan Agreement had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $275,000,000.
The Unsecured Credit Facility has aggregate commitments available of $1,075,000,000, as of December 31, 2022. Generally, the proceeds of loans made under the secured credit facilityour Unsecured Credit Facility may be used to finance thefor acquisition of real estate investments, forfunding of tenant improvements and leasing commissions with respect to real estate, for repayment of indebtedness, forfunding of capital expenditures with respect to real estate, and for general corporate and working capital purposes. The secured credit facility can be increased to $550,000,000, subject to certain conditions. See Note 9—"Credit Facility" to
During the consolidated financial statements that are part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The annual interest rate payable under the secured credit facility is, at our Operating Partnership’s option, either: (a) the London Interbank Offered Rate, or the LIBOR, plus an applicable margin ranging from 2.00% to 2.65%, which is determined basedyear ended December 31, 2022, we drew $70,000,000 on the overall leverage of our Operating Partnership or (b) a base rate which means, for any day, a fluctuating rate per annum equalRevolving Credit Agreement to the prime rate for such day plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.00% to 1.65% which is determined basedfund acquisitions and we repaid $57,000,000 on the overall leverage of our Operating Partnership. In addition to interest, our Operating Partnership is required to pay a fee on the unused portion of the lenders’ commitments under the secured credit facility at a per annum rate equal to 0.30% if the average daily amount outstanding under the secured credit facility is less than 50% of the lenders’ commitments or 0.20% if the average daily amount outstanding under the secured credit facility is greater than 50% of the lenders’ commitments,Revolving Credit Agreement, with proceeds from dispositions and the unused fee is payable quarterly in arrears. As of December 31, 2017, the weighted average interest rate was 3.71%.
The actual amount of credit available under the secured credit facility is a function of certain loan-to-cost, loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios contained in the secured credit facility agreement. The amount of credit available under the secured credit facility will be a maximum principal amount of the value of the assets that are included in the pool availability. The obligations of our Operating Partnership with respect to the secured credit facility agreement are guaranteed by us, including but not limited to, the payment of any outstanding indebtedness under the secured credit facility agreement, and all terms, conditions and covenants of the secured credit facility agreement.
The secured credit facility agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants that are customary for credit facilities and transactions of this type, including limitations on the incurrence of debt by our Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries that own properties that serve as collateral for our secured credit facility, limitations on the nature of our Operating Partnership's business, and limitations on distributions by us, our Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries. The secured credit facility agreement imposes the following financial covenants, which are specifically defined in the secured credit facility agreement, on our Operating Partnership: (a) maximum ratio of indebtedness to gross asset value; (b) minimum ratio of adjusted consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization to consolidated fixed charges; (c) minimum tangible net worth; (d) minimum liquidity thresholds; (e) minimum quarterly equity raise; (f) minimum weighted average remaining lease term of properties in the collateral pool; and (g) minimum number of properties in the collateral pool. In addition, the secured credit facility agreement includes events of default that are customary for credit facilities and transactions of this type. We were in compliance with all financial covenant requirements at December 31, 2017.cash flows from operations.
As of December 31, 2017,2022, we had a total pool availability under the secured credit facilityour Unsecured Credit Facility of $397,842,000$1,075,000,000 and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $220,000,000. As of December 31, 2017, $177,842,000 remained$583,000,000; therefore, $492,000,000 was available to be drawn onunder our Unsecured Credit Facility. We were in compliance with all the secured credit facility.financial covenant requirements as of December 31, 2022.
Financing
We anticipate that our aggregate borrowings, both secured and unsecured, will not exceed the greater of 50.0% of the combined cost or fair market value of our real estate and real estate-related investments following completion of our Offering. For these purposes, the fair market value of each asset is equal to the purchase price paid for the asset or, if the asset was


appraised subsequent to the date of purchase, then the fair market value will beis equal to the value reported in the most recent independent
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appraisal of the asset. Our policies do not limit the amount we may borrow with respect to any individual investment. As of December 31, 2017,2022, our borrowings were 39.4%approximately 24.3% of the fair market value of our real estateestate-related investments.
Under our charter, we have a limitation on borrowing that precludes us from borrowing in excess of 300.0% of our net assets, without the approval of a majority of our independent directors. Net assets for purposes of this calculation are defined to be our total assets (other than intangibles) valued at cost prior to deducting depreciation, amortization, bad debt and other non-cash reserves, less total liabilities. Generally, the preceding calculation is expected to approximate 75.0% of the aggregate cost of our real estate and real estate-related investments before depreciation, amortization, bad debt and other similar non-cash reserves. In addition, we may incur mortgage debt and pledge some or all of our properties as security for that debt to obtain funds to acquire additional real properties or for working capital. We may also borrow funds to satisfy the REIT tax qualification requirement that we distribute at least 90.0% of our annual REIT taxable income to our stockholders. Furthermore, we may borrow if we otherwise deem it necessary or advisable to ensure that we maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. As of December 31, 2017, our leverage did not exceed 300.0% of the value of our net assets.
Notes Payable
For a discussion of our notes payable, see Note 8—"Notes Payable" to the consolidated financial statements that are a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 20172022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 20162021
Year Ended
December 31,
(in thousands)20222021Change% Change
Net cash provided by operating activities$121,675 $136,942 $(15,267)(11.1)%
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities$(142,812)$1,226,842 $(1,369,654)(111.6)%
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities$1,340 $(1,398,813)$1,400,153 (100.1)%
 Year Ended
December 31,
  
(in thousands)2017 2016 Change
Net cash provided by operating activities$51,827
 $24,975
 $26,852
Net cash used in investing activities$636,693
 $543,547
 $93,146
Net cash provided by financing activities$613,704
 $542,292
 $71,412
Cash flows from discontinued operations are not separately disclosed on the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities increaseddecreased primarily due to us owning fewer properties subsequent to the Data Center Sale on July 22, 2021, partially offset by an increase in rental revenues resulting from the acquisition of properties and placement of development properties in service since January 1, 2021 coupled with a decrease in interest paid as a result of entering into the Unsecured Credit Facility and the pay-off of all our new operating properties, partially offset by increased operating expenses.notes payable on July 22, 2021, in connection with the Data Center Sale.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities increasedfor the year ended December 31, 2022, was due to the purchase of real estate properties and payment of capital expenditures primarily related to the completion of a development property, which was placed into service during the period, and re-developing another real estate property, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of a property. Net cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021, was primarily due to an increase in investments inthe Data Center Sale and the collection of a note receivable, partially offset by the purchase of real estate properties, payment of $68.9 million and an increase in capital expenditures of $24.2 million.related to a data center property and three healthcare properties and consideration paid for the Internalization Transaction.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities increased primarilyfor the year ended December 31, 2022, was due to an increase in proceeds from notes payable of $156.5 million, an increase in proceeds from issuance of common stock of $71.2 million and a decrease in paymentour credit facility, partially offset by payments on our credit facility, payments of deferred financing costs as a result of $0.5 million, offset by an increase in paymentsentering into the 2024 Term Loan Agreement and Revolving Credit Agreement on February 15, 2022 and the secured credit facility of $130.0 million, an increase in2028 Term Loan Agreement on May 17, 2022, repurchases of our common stock of $14.0 million, an increase inunder our share repurchase program, distributions to our common stockholders of $11.3 million and an increase inpayment of offering costs related to theon issuance of common stock of $1.5 million.
Year Ended December 31, 2016 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2015
 Year Ended
December 31,
  
(in thousands)2016 2015 Change
Net cash provided by operating activities$24,975
 $3,290
 $21,685
Net cash used in investing activities$543,547
 $375,528
 $168,019
Net cash provided by financing activities$542,292
 $398,811
 $143,481
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities increased primarily due the acquisition of our new operating properties, partially offset by increased operating expenses.


Investing Activities
stock. Net cash used in investingfinancing activities increased primarilyfor the year ended December 31, 2021, was due to an increase in investments in real estate of $161.3 million and an increase in capital expenditures of $7.0 million, offset by a decrease in real estate deposits, net, of $0.2 million.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities increased primarily due to an increase in proceeds frompayments on notes payable and debt extinguishment as a result of $153.0 million, a net increase inthe Data Center Sale, payments on our credit facility primarily with proceeds from the secured credit facilityData Center Sale, payments of $77.5 million and a decrease in offering deferred financing costs, related to the issuance of common stock of $16.0 million, offset by a decrease in proceeds from the issuance of common stock of $86.6 million, an increase in distributions to our stockholders of $11.3 million, an increase in repurchases of our common stock under our share repurchase program, distributions to our common stockholders, including a special cash distribution, and payment of $2.8 millionoffering costs on issuance of common stock, partially offset by proceeds from our credit facility.
Distributions to Stockholders
We have paid, and an increasemay continue to pay, distributions from sources other than from our cash flows from operations. For the year ended December 31, 2022, our cash flows provided by operations of approximately $121,675,000 covered 100% of our ordinary distributions paid (total ordinary distributions were approximately $90,144,000, of which $65,310,000 was cash and $24,834,000 was reinvested in deferred financing costsshares of $2.4 million.our common stock pursuant to the DRIP) during such period. For the year ended December 31, 2021, our cash flows provided by operations of approximately $136,942,000 covered 100% of our distributions paid (total ordinary distributions were approximately $100,748,000, of which $73,164,000 was cash and $27,584,000 was reinvested in shares of our common stock pursuant to the DRIP) during such period. Additionally, the Board declared a special cash distribution of $1.75 per share of Class A, Class I, Class T and Class T2 common stock. The special cash distribution was funded with the proceeds from the sale of the data center properties on July 22, 2021. The special cash distribution was paid on July 30, 2021 to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 26, 2021, in the aggregate amount of approximately $392,685,000.
We do not currently have any limits on the sources of funding distribution payments to our stockholders. We may pay distributions from any source, such as the sale of assets, the sale of additional securities, and offering proceeds and we do not
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Distributionscurrently have any limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources. Funding distributions from the sale of additional securities could dilute a stockholder's interest in us if we sell shares of our common stock to third party investors. Funding distributions to our stockholders will result in us having less funds available for acquiring properties or real estate-related investments. Our inability to acquire additional properties or real estate-related investments may have a negative effect on our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations to pay distributions. As a result, the return investors may realize on their investment may be reduced and investors who invest in us before we generate significant cash flows may realize a lower rate of return than later investors. Payment of distributions from any of the above-mentioned sources could restrict our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations, affect our profitability and/or affect the distributions payable upon a liquidity event, any or all of which may have an adverse effect on an investment in us.
For federal income tax purposes, distributions to common stockholders are characterized as ordinary dividends, capital gain distributions, or nontaxable distributions. To the extent that we make a distribution in excess of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, such excess will be a nontaxable return of capital, reducing the tax basis in each U.S. stockholder’s shares. Further, the amount of distributions in excess of a U.S. stockholder’s tax basis in such shares will be taxable as a realized gain.

The following table shows the sources of distributions paid during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (amounts in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
Character of Distributions (1):
20222021
Ordinary dividends40.94 %27.91 %
Capital gain distributions— %— %
Nontaxable distributions59.06 %72.09 %
Total100.00 %100.00 %
Year Ended December 31,
Character of Special Distribution (1):
20222021
Ordinary dividends— %12.39 %
Capital gain distributions— %86.66 %
Nontaxable distributions— %0.95 %
Total— %100.00 %
(1)Attributable to Class A shares, Class I shares, Class T shares and Class T2 shares of common stock.
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The amount of distributions payable to our stockholders is determined by our board of directorsthe Board and is dependent on a number of factors, including our funds available for distribution, financial condition, lenders' restrictions and limitations, capital expenditure requirements, corporate law restrictions and the annual distribution requirements needed to maintain our status as a REIT under the Code. Our boardInternal Revenue Code of directors1986, as amended. The Board must authorize each distribution and may, in the future, authorize lower amounts of distributions or not authorize additional distributions and, therefore, distribution payments are not guaranteed. Our Advisor may also defer, suspend and/or waive fees and expense reimbursements if we have not generated sufficient cash flow from our operations and other sources to fund distributions. Additionally, our organizational documents permit us to pay distributions from unlimited amounts of any source, and we may use sources other than operating cash flows to fund distributions, including proceeds from our Offerings,funds equal to amounts reinvested in the DRIP, which may reduce the amount of capital we ultimately invest in properties or other permitted investments.
We have funded distributions with operating cash flows from our properties proceeds raisedand funds equal to amounts reinvested in our Offerings.the DRIP. To the extent that we do not have taxable income, distributions paid will be considered a return of capital to stockholders.
The following table shows the sources of distributions paid during the years ended December 31, 20172022 and 20162021 (amounts in thousands):
 For the Year Ended December 31,
 2017 2016
Distributions paid in cash - common stockholders$28,994
   $17,659
  
Distributions reinvested32,264
   22,889
  
Total distributions$61,258
   $40,548
  
Source of distributions:       
Cash flows provided by operations (1)
$28,994
 47% $17,659
 44%
Offering proceeds from issuance of common stock pursuant to the DRIP (1)
32,264
 53% 22,889
 56%
Total sources$61,258
 100% $40,548
 100%
Year Ended December 31,
20222021
Distributions paid in cash - common stockholders$65,310 $465,849 (1)
Distributions reinvested (shares issued)24,834 27,584 
Total distributions$90,144 $493,433 
Source of distributions:
Cash flows provided by operations$65,310 72 %(2)$73,164 15 %(2)
Offering proceeds from issuance of common stock pursuant to the DRIP24,834 28 %(2)27,584 %(2)
Proceeds from real estate disposals— — %392,685 80 %(2)
Total sources$90,144 100 %$493,433 100 %
(1)Percentages were calculated by dividing the respective source amount by the total sources of distributions.
(1)Includes a special cash distribution declared by the Board of $1.75 per share of Class A, Class I, Class T and Class T2 common stock. The special cash distribution was funded with the proceeds from the Data Center Sale on July 22, 2021. The special cash distribution was paid on July 30, 2021, to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 26, 2021, in the aggregate amount of approximately $392,685,000.
(2)Percentages were calculated by dividing the respective source amount by the total sources of distributions.
Total distributions declared but not paid on Class A shares, Class I shares and Class T shares as of December 31, 20172022, were approximately $6.6 million$7,719,000 for common stockholders. These distributions were paid on January 2, 2018.6, 2023.
ForShare Repurchase Program
Our SRP allows for repurchases of shares of our common stock when certain criteria are met. Under the SRP, we can only repurchase shares due to death or involuntary exigent circumstances, subject in each case to the terms and limitations of the SRP, including, but not limited to, quarterly share limitations, an annual 5.0% share limitation and DRIP funding limitations. See Part II, Item 5. "Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities" for more information on the SRP.
During the year ended December 31, 2017,2022, we declared and paid distributions of approximately $61.3 million torepurchased 1,123,183 Class A stockholders,shares, Class I stockholdersshares and Class T stockholders, including shares issued pursuant to the DRIP, as compared to FFO (as defined below)of common stock (981,772 Class A shares, 31,666 Class I shares and 109,745 Class T shares), for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $9,217,000 (an average of $8.21 per share). During the year ended December 31, 20172021, we repurchased 1,133,901 Class A shares, Class I shares and Class T shares of common stock (1,055,054 Class A shares, 11,836 Class I shares and 67,011 Class T shares), for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $62.4 million, which covered 100%$9,528,000 (an average of our distributions paid during such period. The payment of distributions from sources other than FFO may reduce the amount of proceeds available for investment and operations or cause us to incur additional interest expense as a result of borrowed funds.$8.40 per share).
For a discussion of distributions paid subsequent to December 31, 2017, see Note 21—"Subsequent Events" to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Commitments and Contingencies
For a discussion of our commitments and contingencies, see Note 18—17—"Commitments and Contingencies" to the consolidated financial statements that are a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Debt Service Requirements
One of our principal liquidity needs is the payment of principal and interest on outstanding indebtedness. As of December 31, 2017, we had $468.1 million in notes payable outstanding principal and $220.0 million outstanding principal under the secured credit facility. We are required by the terms of certain loan documents to meet certain covenants, such as financial ratios and reporting requirements. As of December 31, 2017, we were in compliance with all such covenants and requirements on our mortgage loans payable and the secured credit facility.Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2017, we entered into eight derivative instruments for the purpose of managing or hedging our interest rate risk. As of December 31, 2017, the aggregate notional amount under our derivative instruments was $347.7 million. We have agreements with each derivative counterparty that contain cross-default provisions, whereby if we default on certain of our unsecured indebtedness, then we could also be declared in default on our derivative obligations, resulting in an acceleration of payment thereunder. As of December 31, 2017, we were in compliance with all such cross-default provisions.
Contractual Obligations
As of December 31, 2017, we had approximately $688.1 million of principal debt outstanding, of which $468.1 million related to notes payable and $220.0 million related to the secured credit facility. See Note 8—"Notes Payable" and Note 9—"Credit Facility" to the consolidated financial statements that are a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for certain terms of the debt outstanding.
Our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2017 were as follows (amounts in thousands):
 Less than
1 Year
 1-3 Years 3-5 Years More than
5 Years
 Total
Principal payments—fixed rate debt$99
 $1,901
 $77,312
 $141,124
 $220,436
Interest payments—fixed rate debt9,530
 19,047
 15,591
 22,469
 66,637
Principal payments—variable rate debt fixed through interest rate swap (1)
314
 104,606
 242,779
 
 347,699
Interest payments—variable rate debt fixed through interest rate swap (2)
15,128
 25,713
 15,913
 
 56,754
Principal payments—variable rate debt120,000
 
 
 
 120,000
Interest payments—variable rate debt (3)
4,445
 
 
 
 4,445
Capital expenditures21,572
 
 
 
 21,572
Ground lease payments545
 1,089
 1,089
 5,206
 7,929
Total$171,633
 $152,356
 $352,684
 $168,799
 $845,472
(1)As of December 31, 2017, we had $347.7 million outstanding principal on notes payable and borrowings under the secured credit facility that were fixed through the use of interest rate swap agreements.
(2)We used the fixed rates under our interest rate swap agreements as of December 31, 2017 to calculate the debt payment obligations in future periods.
(3)We used LIBOR plus the applicable margin under our variable rate debt agreement as of December 31, 2017 to calculate the debt payment obligations in future periods.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2017, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements.
Related-Party Transactions and Arrangements
We have entered into agreements with our Advisor and its affiliates whereby we agree to pay certain fees to, or reimburse certain expenses of, our Advisor or its affiliates for acquisition fees and expenses, organization and offering expenses, asset and property management fees and reimbursement of operating costs. Refer to Note 10—"Related-Party Transactions and Arrangements" to our consolidated financial statements that are a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a detailed discussion of the various related-party transactions and agreements.


Funds from Operations and Modified Funds from Operations
One of our objectives is to provide cash distributions to our stockholders from cash generated by our operations. The purchase of real estate assetsindustry, analysts and real estate-related investments,investors employ certain non-GAAP supplemental financial measures in order to facilitate meaningful comparisons between periods and among peer companies. We believe that these measures are useful to investors to consider because they may assist them to better understand and measure the corresponding expenses associated with that process, is a key operational featureperformance of our business plan in orderover time and against similar companies. We use the following non-GAAP financial measures: Funds From Operations, or FFO, Core Funds From Operations, or Core FFO, and Adjusted Funds From Operations, or AFFO.
Net (Loss) Income and FFO, Core FFO and AFFO
A description of FFO, Core FFO, and AFFO and reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to generate cash from operations. Due to certain unique operating characteristics of real estate companies,net (loss) income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, are provided below.
The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, an industry trade group, has promulgated athe FFO measure, known as funds from operations, or FFO, which we believe is an appropriate supplementaladditional measure to reflect the operating performance of a REIT. The use of FFO is recommended by the REIT industry as a supplemental performance measure. FFO is not equivalent to our net (loss) income (loss) as determined under GAAP.
We define FFO, consistent with NAREIT’s definition, as net (loss) income (loss) (computed(calculated in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains (or losses) from sales of propertyreal estate assets and asset impairment write-downs,impairments of real estate assets, plus depreciation and amortization of real estate assets, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. Adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures will be calculated to reflect FFO on the same basis. To date, we do not have any investments in unconsolidated partnerships or joint ventures.
We, along with othersmany of our peers in the real estate industry, consider FFO to be an appropriate supplemental measure of a REIT’s operating performance, because it is based on a net income (loss) analysis of propertyreal estate portfolio performance that excludes non-cash items such as real estate depreciation and amortization and asset impairment write-downs,real estate impairments, which we believe provides a more completeuseful understanding of our performance to the investors and to our management, and when compared to year over year, FFO reflects the impact on our operations from trends in occupancy.
Historical accounting convention (in accordance with GAAP) for real estate assets requires companiesWe calculate Core FFO by adjusting FFO to report their investment in real estate at its carrying value, which consistsremove the effect of capitalizing the cost of acquisitions, development, construction, improvements and significant replacements, less depreciation and amortization and asset impairment write-downs, if any, which is not necessarily equivalent to the fair market value of their investment in real estate assets.
The historical accounting convention requires straight-line depreciation of buildings and improvements, which impliesitems that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time, which could be the case if such assets are not adequately maintained or repaired and renovated as required by relevant circumstances and/or as requested or required by lessees for operational purposes in orderexpected to maintain the value disclosed. We believe that, since the fair value of real estate assets historically rises and falls with market conditions including, but not limited to, inflation, interest rates, the business cycle, unemployment and consumer spending, presentations of operating results for a REIT using historical accounting for depreciation could be less informative.
In addition, we believe it is appropriate to disregard asset impairment write-downs as they are a non-cash adjustment to recognize losses on prospective sales of real estate assets. Since losses from sales of real estate assets are excluded from FFO, we believe it is appropriate that asset impairment write-downs in advancement of realization of losses should be excluded. Impairment write-downs are based on negative market fluctuations and underlying assessments of general market conditions, which are independent ofimpact our operating performance including, but not limited to, a significant adverse change in the financial condition of our tenants, changes in supplyon an ongoing basis and demand for similar or competing properties, changes in tax, real estate, environmental and zoning law, which can change over time. When indicators of potential impairment suggest that the carrying value of real estate and related assets may not be recoverable, we assess the recoverability by estimating whether we will recover the carrying value of the asset through undiscounted future cash flows and eventual disposition (including, but not limited to, net rental and lease revenues, net proceeds on the sale of property and any other ancillary cash flows at a property or group level under GAAP). If based on this analysis, we do not believe that we will be able to recover the carrying value of the real estate asset, we will record an impairment write-down to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the real estate asset. Testing for indicators of impairment is a continuous process and is analyzed on a quarterly basis. Investors should note, however, that determinations of whether impairment charges have been incurred are based partly on anticipated operating performance, because estimated undiscounted future cash flows from a property, including estimated future net rental and lease revenues, net proceeds on the sale of the property, and certain other ancillary cash flows, are taken into account in determining whether an impairment charge has been incurred. While impairment charges are excluded from the calculation of FFO as described above, investors are cautioned that due to the fact that impairments are based on estimated future undiscounted cash flows and that we intend to have a relatively limited term of our operations,consider it could be difficult to recover any impairment charges through the eventual sale of the property. No impairment losses have been recorded to date.
In developing estimates of expected future cash flow, we make certain assumptions regarding future market rental income amounts subsequent to the expiration of current lease arrangements, property operating expenses, terminal capitalization and discount rates, the expected number of months it takes to re-lease the property, required tenant improvements and the number of years the property will be held for investment. The use of alternative assumptions in the future cash flow analysis could result in a different determination of the property’s future cash flows and a different conclusion regarding the existence of an asset impairment, the extent of such loss, if any, as well as the carrying value of the real estate asset.


Publicly registered, non-listed REITs, such as us, typically have a significant amount of acquisition activity and are substantially more dynamic during their initial years of investment and operations. While other start up entities may also experience significant acquisition activity during their initial years, we believe that publicly registered, non-listed REITs are unique in that they have a limited life with targeted exit strategies within a relatively limited time frame after the acquisition activity ceases. We will use the proceeds raised in our offering to acquire real estate assets and real estate-related investments, and we intend to begin the process of achieving a liquidity event (i.e., listing of our shares of common stock on a national securities exchange, a merger or sale, the sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or another similar transaction) within five to seven years after the completion of our offering stage, which is generally comparable to other publicly registered, non-listed REITs. Thus, we do not intend to continuously purchase real estate assets and intend to have a limited life. Due to these factors and other unique features of publicly registered, non-listed REITS, the Investment Program Association, or the IPA, an industry trade group, has standardized a measure known as modified funds from operations, or MFFO, which we believe to be another appropriatea useful supplemental measure because it provides investors with additional information to reflect the operating performanceunderstand our sustainable performance. These include severance arrangements, write offs of a publicly registered, non-listed REIT. MFFO is a metric used by management to evaluate sustainable performancepreviously recorded straight-line rents, amortization of above- and dividend policy. MFFO is not equivalent to our net income (loss) as determined under GAAP.below-market leases (including ground leases) and loss on extinguishment of debt.
We define MFFO, a non-GAAP measure, consistent with the IPA’s definition:calculate AFFO by adjusting Core FFO further adjusted for the following items included in the determination of GAAP net income (loss); acquisition fees and expenses; amounts related to income: deferred rent, current period straight-line rental income andrent, discount amortization of above and below market intangible lease assets and liabilities; accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on debt investments; mark-to-market adjustments included in net income (loss); nonrecurring gains or losses included in net income (loss) from the extinguishment or sale of debt, hedges, foreign exchange, derivatives or securities holdings where trading of such holdings is not a fundamental attribute of the business plan, unrealized gains or losses resulting from consolidation from, or deconsolidation to, equity accounting, adjustments related to contingent purchase price obligations where such adjustments have been included in the derivation of GAAP net income (loss), and after adjustments for a consolidated and unconsolidated partnership and joint ventures, with such adjustments calculated to reflect MFFO on the same basis. Our MFFO calculation complies with the IPA’s Practice Guideline, described above. In calculating MFFO, we exclude paid and accrued acquisition fees and expenses that are reported in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), amortization of above and below-market leases, amounts related to straight-line rents (which are adjusted in order to reflect such payments from a GAAP accrual basis to closer to an expected to be received cash basis of disclosing the rent and lease payment) and ineffectiveness of interest rate swaps. The other adjustments included in the IPA’s guidelines are not applicable to us.
Since MFFO excludes acquisition fees and expenses, it should not be construed as a historic performance measure. Acquisition fees and expenses are paid in cash by us, and we have not set aside or put into escrow any specific amount of proceeds from our offerings to be used to fund acquisition fees and expenses. Acquisition fees and expenses include payments to our Advisor or its affiliates and third parties. Such fees and expenses will not be reimbursed by our Advisor or its affiliates and third parties, and therefore if there are no further proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock to fund future acquisition fees and expenses, such fees and expenses will need to be paid from either additional debt, operational earnings or cash flows, net proceeds from the sale of properties, or from ancillary cash flows. As a result, the amount of proceeds available for investment and operations would be reduced, or we may incur additional interest expense as a result of borrowed funds. Nevertheless, our Advisor or its affiliates will not accrue any claim on our assets if acquisition fees and expenses are not paid from the proceeds of our offerings. Under GAAP, acquisition fees and expenses related to the acquisitiondeferred liability in connection with the Internalization Transaction, amortization of properties determined to be business combinations are expensed as incurred, including investment transactions that are no longer under consideration,deferred financing costs and are included in acquisition related expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) and acquisition fees and expenses associated with transactions determined to be an asset acquisition are capitalized.
All paid and accrued acquisition fees and expenses have negative effects on returns to investors, the potential for future distributions, and cash flows generated by us, unless earnings from operations or net sales proceeds from the disposition of other properties are generated to cover the purchase price of the real estate asset, these fees and expenses and other costs related to such property. In addition, MFFO may not be an indicator of our operating performance, especially during periods in which properties are being acquired.
In addition, certain contemplated non-cash fair value and other non-cash adjustments are considered operating non-cash adjustments to net income (loss) in determining cash flows from operations in accordance with GAAP.
We use MFFO and the adjustments used to calculate it in order to evaluate our performance against other publicly registered, non-listed REITs, which intend to have limited lives with short and defined acquisition periods and targeted exit strategies shortly thereafter. As noted above, MFFO may not be a useful measure of the impact of long-term operating performance if we do not continue to operate in this manner. We believe that our use of MFFO and the adjustments used to calculate it allow us to present our performance in a manner that reflects certain characteristics that are unique to publicly registered, non-listed REITs, such as their limited life, limited and defined acquisition period and targeted exit strategy, and


hence the use of such measures may be useful to investors. For example, acquisition fees and expenses are intended to be funded from the proceeds of our offering and other financing sources and not from operations. By excluding acquisition fees and expenses, the use of MFFO provides information consistent with management’s analysis of the operating performance of its real estate assets. Additionally, fair value adjustments, which are based on the impact of current market fluctuations and underlying assessments of general market conditions, but can also result from operational factors such as rental and occupancy rates, may not be directly related or attributable to our current operating performance. By excluding such charges that may reflect anticipated and unrealized gains or losses, we believe MFFO provides useful supplemental information.stock-based compensation.
Presentation of this information is intended to assist management and investors in comparing the operating performance of different REITs, although it should be noted that not all REITs calculate FFO, Core FFO and MFFOAFFO the same way, so comparisons with other REITs may not be meaningful. Furthermore, FFO, Core FFO and MFFOAFFO are not necessarily indicative of cash flowflows available to fund cash needs and should not be considered as an alternative to net (loss) income (loss) as an indication of our performance, as an indication of our liquidity, or indicative of funds available for our cash needs, including our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. FFO, Core FFO and MFFO should be reviewed in conjunction with other measurements as an indication of our performance. MFFO has limitations as a performance measure. However, itAFFO may be useful in assisting management and investors in assessing the sustainability of operating performance in future operating periods, andperiods. All of our non-GAAP financial measures should be reviewed in particular, after the offering and acquisition stages are complete and net asset value is disclosed. MFFO is not a useful measure in evaluating net asset value since impairment write-downs are taken into account in determining net asset value but not in determining MFFO.
FFO and MFFO,conjunction with other measurements as described above, should not be construed to be more relevant or accurate than the current GAAP methodology in calculating net income (loss) or in its applicability in evaluatingan indication of our operational performance. The method used to evaluate the value and performance of real estate under GAAP should be construedconsidered as a more relevant measure of operating performance and considered more prominentlyprominent than the non-GAAP financial measures presented here.
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Reconciliation of Net (Loss) Income to FFO, Core FFO and MFFO measures and the adjustments to GAAP in calculating FFO and MFFO. MFFO has not been scrutinized to the level of other similar non-GAAP performance measures by the SEC or any other regulatory body.AFFO
The following istable presents a reconciliation of net (loss) income (loss) attributable to common stockholders, which is the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, to FFO, Core FFO and MFFOAFFO for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162022 and 20152021 (amounts in thousands, except share data and per share amounts)thousands):
 Year Ended
December 31,
20222021
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(7,978)$402,660 
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization77,099 81,999 
Gain on real estate disposition from continuing operations(460)(89)
Gain on real estate dispositions from discontinued operations— (395,801)
Impairment losses47,424 27,837 
FFO$116,085 $116,606 
Adjustments:
Severance arrangements889 56 
Write off of straight-line rent related to prior periods2,434 70 
Amortization of above (below) market lease intangibles, including ground leases1,044 (434)
Loss on extinguishment of debt3,367 28,751 
Core FFO$123,819 $145,049 
Adjustments:
Deferred rent1,535 — 
Straight-line rental income(9,695)(15,665)
Amortization of discount of deferred liability— 272 
Amortization of deferred financing costs1,679 3,425 
Stock-based compensation4,180 2,379 
AFFO$121,518 $135,460 
 For the Year Ended
December 31,
 2017 2016 2015
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$21,279
 $11,297
 $(4,767)
Adjustments:     
Depreciation and amortization41,133
 19,211
 7,053
FFO attributable to common stockholders$62,412
 $30,508
 $2,286
Adjustments:     
Acquisition related expenses (1)
$
 $5,339
 $10,250
Amortization of intangible assets and liabilities (2)
(1,817) (500) (72)
Straight-line rents (3)
(10,596) (6,263) (2,449)
Ineffectiveness of interest rate swaps(58) (144) 
MFFO attributable to common stockholders$49,941
 $28,940
 $10,015
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic101,714,148
 66,991,294
 28,658,495
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted101,731,944
 67,007,124
 28,658,495
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted for FFO101,731,944
 67,007,124
 28,669,183
Net income (loss) per common share - basic$0.21
 $0.17
 $(0.17)
Net income (loss) per common share - diluted$0.21
 $0.17
 $(0.17)
FFO per common share - basic$0.61
 $0.46
 $0.08
FFO per common share - diluted$0.61
 $0.46
 $0.08
(1)In evaluating investments in real estate assets, management differentiates the costs to acquire the investment from the operations derived from the investment. Such information would be comparable only for publicly registered, non-listed REITs that have completed their acquisitions activities and have other similar operating characteristics. By


excluding expensed acquisition related expenses, management believes MFFO provides useful supplemental information that is comparable for each type of real estate investment and is consistent with management’s analysis of the investing and operating performance of our properties. Acquisition fees and expenses include payments in cash to our Advisor and third parties. Acquisition fees and expenses incurred in a business combination, under GAAP, are considered operating expenses and as expenses are included in the determination of net income (loss), which is a performance measure under GAAP. All paid and accrued acquisition fees and expenses will have negative effects on returns to investors, the potential for future distributions, and cash flows generated by us, unless earnings from operations or net sales proceeds from the disposition of properties are generated to cover the purchase price of the property, these fees and expenses and other costs related to the property.
(2)Under GAAP, certain intangibles are accounted for at cost and reviewed at least annually for impairment, and certain intangibles are assumed to diminish predictably in value over time and are amortized, similar to depreciation and amortization of real estate-related assets that are excluded from FFO. However, because real estate values and market lease rates historically rise or fall with market conditions, management believes that by excluding charges related to amortization of these intangibles, MFFO provides useful supplemental information on the performance of the real estate.
(3)Under GAAP, rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related lease (including rent holidays if applicable). This may result in income recognition that is significantly different than the underlying contract terms. By adjusting for the change in deferred rent receivables, MFFO may provide useful supplemental information on the realized economic impact of lease terms, providing insight on the expected contractual cash flows of such lease terms, and aligns with our analysis of operating performance.
The following is a reconciliation of net loss attributable to common stockholders, which is the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, to FFO and MFFO for the following quarterly periods (amounts in thousands, except share data and per share amounts):
 Quarter Ended
 December 31, 2017 September 30, 2017 June 30, 2017 March 31, 2017
Net income attributable to common stockholders$6,408
 $5,439
 $4,641
 $4,791
Adjustments:       
Depreciation and amortization12,646
 11,852
 9,025
 7,610
FFO attributable to common stockholders$19,054
 $17,291
 $13,666
 $12,401
Adjustments:       
Amortization of intangible assets and liabilities (1)
(854) (616) (222) (125)
Straight-line rents (2)
(2,910) (2,844) (2,610) (2,232)
Ineffectiveness of interest rate swaps(42) (14) (10) 8
MFFO attributable to common stockholders$15,248
 $13,817
 $10,824
 $10,052
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic119,651,271
 105,388,118
 94,910,818
 86,482,927
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted119,666,234
 105,405,297
 94,925,665
 86,499,543
Net income per common share - basic$0.05
 $0.05
 $0.05
 $0.06
Net income per common share - diluted$0.05
 $0.05
 $0.05
 $0.06
FFO per common share - basic$0.17
 $0.16
 $0.14
 $0.14
FFO per common share - diluted$0.17
 $0.16
 $0.14
 $0.14
(1)Under GAAP, certain intangibles are accounted for at cost and reviewed at least annually for impairment, and certain intangibles are assumed to diminish predictably in value over time and are amortized, similar to depreciation and amortization of real estate-related assets that are excluded from FFO. However, because real estate values and market lease rates historically rise or fall with market conditions, management believes that by excluding charges related to amortization of these intangibles, MFFO provides useful supplemental information on the performance of the real estate.
(2)Under GAAP, rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related lease (including rent holidays if applicable). This may result in income recognition that is significantly different than the underlying


contract terms. By adjusting for the change in deferred rent receivables, MFFO may provide useful supplemental information on the realized economic impact of lease terms, providing insight on the expected contractual cash flows of such lease terms, and aligns with our analysis of operating performance.
Subsequent Events
For a discussion of subsequent events, see Note 21—"Subsequent Events" to the consolidated financial statements that are a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements that are a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further explanation.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Market risk includes risks that arise from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices and other market changes that affect market sensitive instruments. In pursuing our business plan, the primary market risk to which we are exposed is interest rate risk.
We have obtained variable rate debt financing to fund certain property acquisitions and we are exposed to such changes in the one-month LIBOR.Term SOFR. Loans under the Unsecured Credit Facility may be made as Base Rate Loans or SOFR Loans, at our election, and all of our interest rate swap agreements are indexed to SOFR. Our objectives in managing interest rate risk seekare to limit the impact of interest rate changesfluctuations on operations and cash flows, and to lower overall borrowing costs. To achieve these objectives, we will borrow primarily at interest rates with the lowest margins available and, in some cases, with the ability to convert variable interest rates to fixed rates.
As of December 31, 2022, we had 12 interest rate swap agreements outstanding, which mature on various dates from April 2023 to January 2028, with an aggregate notional amount under the swap agreements of $485,000,000. Of the 12 interest rate swap agreements outstanding, three interest rate swap agreements with an aggregate notional amount of $150,000,000 have an effective date of May 1, 2023, and will replace two interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $150,000,000 that have a maturity date of April 27, 2023. As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate settlement asset value was $29,182,000. The settlement value of these interest rate swap agreements is dependent upon existing market interest rates and swap spreads. As of December 31, 2022, an increase of 50 basis points in the market rates of interest would have resulted in an increase to the settlement asset value of these interest rate swaps to a value of $36,261,000. These interest rate swap agreements were designated as cash flow hedging instruments.
As of December 31, 2022, of the $583,000,000 total principal debt outstanding, $98,000,000 was subject to variable interest rates, indexed to Term SOFR, with an interest rate of 5.5% per annum. As of December 31, 2022, an increase of 50 basis points in the market rates of interest would have resulted in an increase in interest expense of approximately $490,000 per year.
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The following table summarizes our principal debt outstanding related to our credit facility as of December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
December 31, 2022
Variable rate revolving line of credit$8,000 
Variable rate term loans fixed through interest rate swaps485,000 
Variable rate term loans90,000 
Total principal debt outstanding (1)
$583,000 
(1)As of December 31, 2022, the weighted average interest rate on our total debt outstanding was 3.4%.
We have entered, and may continue to enter, into additional derivative financial instruments, such as interest rate swaps, in order to mitigate our interest rate risk on a given variable rate financial instrument. To the extent we do, we are exposed to credit risk and market risk. Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. When the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty owes us, which creates credit risk for us. When the fair value of a derivative contract is negative, we owe the counterparty and, therefore, it does not possess credit risk. Market risk is the adverse effect on the value of a financial instrument that results from a change in interest rates. We manage the market risk associated with interest rate contracts by establishing and monitoring parameters that limit the types and degree of market risk that may be undertaken. We have not entered, and do not intend to enter, into derivative or interest rate swap transactions for speculative purposes. We may also enter into rate-lock arrangements to lock interest rates on future borrowings.
In addition to changes in interest rates, the value of our future investments will be subject to fluctuations based on changes in local and regional economic conditions and changes in the creditworthiness of tenants, which may affect our ability to refinance our debt, if necessary.
The following table summarizes our principal debt outstanding as of December 31, 2017 (amounts in thousands):
 December 31, 2017
Notes payable: 
Fixed rate notes payable$220,436
Variable rate notes payable fixed through interest rate swaps247,699
Variable rate notes payable
Total notes payable468,135
Secured credit facility: 
Variable rate secured credit facility fixed through interest rate swaps100,000
Variable rate secured credit facility120,000
Total secured credit facility220,000
Total principal debt outstanding (1)
$688,135
(1)As of December 31, 2017, the weighted average interest rate on our total debt outstanding was 4.19%.
As of December 31, 2017, $120.0 million of the $688.1 million total principal debt outstanding was subject to variable interest rates with a weighted average interest rate of 3.70% per annum. As of December 31, 2017, an increase of 50 basis points in the market rates of interest would have resulted in a change in interest expense of approximately $0.6 million per year.


As of December 31, 2017, we had 13 interest rate swap agreements outstanding, which mature on various dates from December 2020 to November 2022. As of December 31, 2017, the aggregate settlement asset value was $3.8 million. The settlement value of these interest rate swap agreements are dependent upon existing market interest rates and swap spreads. As of December 31, 2017, an increase of 50 basis points in the market rates of interest would have resulted in a settlement asset value of the interest rate swaps of $10.0 million.
We do not have any foreign operations and thus we are not exposed to foreign currency fluctuations.fluctuation risks.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
See the index at Part IV, Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.Schedules
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to us, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, we recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as ours are designed to do, and we necessarily were required to apply our judgment in evaluating whether the benefits of the controls and procedures that we adopt outweigh their costs.
As required by Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act, we conducted an evaluation as of December 31, 20172022, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, as of December 31, 2017,2022, were effective at a reasonable assurance level.
(b)Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over our financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Internal control over financial reporting is a process to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control is not intended to provide absolute assurance that a misstatement of our financial statements would be prevented or detected. Under the supervision, and with the participation, of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued in 2013 by the Committee of
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Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, or the Original Framework. Based on our evaluation under the Original Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2017.2022.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’sour independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’sour independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to the permanent deferral adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission that permits the Companyus to provide only management’s report in this annual report.
(c) Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the three months ended December 31, 2017,2022, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Item 9B. Other Information.
None.


Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.
Not applicable.

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PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The information required by this Item will be presented in our definitive proxy statement for our 20182023 annual meeting of stockholders, which is expected to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2017,2022, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Our Board has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that is applicable to all members of our Board, our officers and our employees. The policy may be located on our Investor website at https://investors.silarealtytrust.com by clicking on “About Us,” and then on “Governance Documents.” If, in the future, we amend, modify or waive a provision in the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, we may, rather than filing a Current Report on Form 8-K, satisfy the disclosure requirement by posting such information on our website as necessary.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
The information required by this Item will be presented in our definitive proxy statement for our 20182023 annual meeting of stockholders, which is expected to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2017,2022, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
The information required by this Item will be presented in our definitive proxy statement for our 20182023 annual meeting of stockholders, which is expected to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2017,2022, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
The information required by this Item will be presented in our definitive proxy statement for our 20182023 annual meeting of stockholders, which is expected to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2017,2022, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14.Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
The information required by this Item will be presented in our definitive proxy statement for our 20182023 annual meeting of stockholders, which is expected to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2017,2022, and is incorporated herein by reference.

42


Table of Contents
PART IV
Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report:
(a)(1) Consolidated Financial Statements:
The index of the consolidated financial statements contained herein is set forth on page F-1 hereof.
(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules:
The financial statement schedules are listed in the index of the consolidated financial statements on page F-1 hereof.
No additional financial statement schedules are presented since the required information is not present or not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule or because the information required is encloseddisclosed in the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto.
(a)(3)Exhibits:
The exhibits listed on the Exhibit Index are included, or incorporated by reference, in this Annual Report.Report.
(b) Exhibits:
See Item 15(a)(3) above.
(c) Financial Statement Schedules:
See Item 15(a)(2) above.




43

Table of Contents
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
OF CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II,SILA REALTY TRUST, INC.
Page
Page
Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm(KPMG LLP, Tampa, FL, Auditor ID: 185)

Financial Statement Schedules

F-1

Table of

Contents


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II,Sila Realty Trust, Inc.:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II,Sila Realty Trust, Inc. (and subsidiaries)and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 20172022 and 2016,2021, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three‑yearthree-year period ended December 31, 2017,2022, and the related notes and financial statement schedule III (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 20172022 and 2016,2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three‑yearthree-year period ended December 31, 2017,2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Evaluation of real estate for impairment
As discussed in Notes 2 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company assesses the recoverability of the carrying value of its real estate for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that such amounts may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of a real estate asset group exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds its estimated fair value. The Company recognized impairment losses of $47,424,000 during the year ended December 31, 2022, a portion of which related to real estate. The real estate balance was $1,880,082,000 as of December 31, 2022.
We identified the evaluation of real estate for impairment as a critical audit matter. Subjective and challenging auditor judgment was required to evaluate certain assumptions used in the impairment tests, including the terminal capitalization rates used to estimate the undiscounted cash flows and the sales prices of comparable properties used to estimate the fair value.
F-2

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design of certain internal controls related to the Company’s real estate impairment process, including controls related to the assumptions noted above. For certain properties, we performed sensitivity analyses over terminal capitalization rates to assess the impact of changes in that assumption to the undiscounted cashflows. In addition, for certain properties we involved valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in (1) assessing terminal capitalization rates used by the Company to estimate the undiscounted cash flows by comparing them to publicly available market data for comparable entities, and (2) evaluating the sales prices of comparable properties used by the Company to estimate the fair value, including adjustments to such transactions, by comparing them to publicly available market data for an independent selection of sales of similar properties.


/s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2014.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Tampa, Florida
March 21, 201816, 2023
Certified Public Accountants
F-3

Table of


PART 1. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II,
SILA REALTY TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
December 31, 2022
December 31, 2021
ASSETSASSETSASSETS
Real estate:   Real estate:
Land$223,277
 $154,385
Land$163,419 $163,992 
Buildings and improvements, less accumulated depreciation of $45,789 and $18,521, respectively1,250,794
 722,492
Buildings and improvements, less accumulated depreciation of $209,118 and $165,784, respectivelyBuildings and improvements, less accumulated depreciation of $209,118 and $165,784, respectively1,716,663 1,648,685 
Construction in progress31,334
 20,123
Construction in progress— 14,628 
Total real estate, net1,505,405
 897,000
Total real estate, net1,880,082 1,827,305 
Cash and cash equivalents74,803
 50,446
Cash and cash equivalents12,917 32,359 
Acquired intangible assets, less accumulated amortization of $22,162 and $7,995, respectively150,554
 98,053
Other assets, net47,182
 24,539
Acquired intangible assets, less accumulated amortization of $90,239 and $71,067, respectivelyAcquired intangible assets, less accumulated amortization of $90,239 and $71,067, respectively167,483 181,639 
GoodwillGoodwill21,710 23,284 
Right-of-use assetsRight-of-use assets37,443 24,033 
Other assetsOther assets100,167 66,365 
Assets held for saleAssets held for sale— 22,570 
Total assets$1,777,944
 $1,070,038
Total assets$2,219,802 $2,177,555 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITYLIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITYLIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities:   Liabilities:
Notes payable, net of deferred financing costs of $4,393 and $1,945, respectively$463,742
 $151,045
Credit facility, net of deferred financing costs of $601 and $876, respectively219,399
 219,124
Accounts payable due to affiliates15,249
 7,384
Credit facility, net of deferred financing costs of $2,412 and $3,226, respectivelyCredit facility, net of deferred financing costs of $2,412 and $3,226, respectively580,588 496,774 
Accounts payable and other liabilities27,709
 17,184
Accounts payable and other liabilities30,619 39,597 
Intangible lease liabilities, less accumulated amortization of $2,760 and $634, respectively61,294
 6,873
Acquired intangible liabilities, less accumulated amortization of $5,923 and $4,444, respectivelyAcquired intangible liabilities, less accumulated amortization of $5,923 and $4,444, respectively11,946 12,962 
Lease liabilitiesLease liabilities41,554 26,394 
Liabilities held for saleLiabilities held for sale— 698 
Total liabilities787,393
 401,610
Total liabilities664,707 576,425 
Stockholders’ equity:   Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding— — 
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share, 500,000,000 shares authorized; 126,559,834 and 83,109,025 shares issued, respectively; 124,327,777 and 82,744,288 shares outstanding, respectively1,243
 827
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share, 510,000,000 shares authorized; 241,425,332 and 238,226,119 shares issued, respectively; 226,255,969 and 224,179,939 shares outstanding, respectivelyCommon stock, $0.01 par value per share, 510,000,000 shares authorized; 241,425,332 and 238,226,119 shares issued, respectively; 226,255,969 and 224,179,939 shares outstanding, respectively2,263 2,242 
Additional paid-in capital1,084,905
 723,859
Additional paid-in capital2,024,176 2,004,404 
Accumulated distributions in excess of earnings(99,309) (57,100)
Accumulated other comprehensive income3,710
 840
Distributions in excess of accumulated earningsDistributions in excess of accumulated earnings(499,334)(400,669)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)27,990 (4,847)
Total stockholders’ equity990,549
 668,426
Total stockholders’ equity1,555,095 1,601,130 
Noncontrolling interests2
 2
Total equity990,551
 668,428
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$1,777,944
 $1,070,038
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$2,219,802 $2,177,555 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-4


CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II,SILA REALTY TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands, except share data and per share amounts)
 For the Year Ended
December 31,
 2017 2016 2015
Revenue:     
Rental and parking revenue$106,048
 $49,699
 $19,000
Tenant reimbursement revenue19,047
 6,732
 2,286
Total revenue125,095
 56,431
 21,286
Expenses:     
Rental and parking expenses26,096
 8,164
 2,836
General and administrative expenses4,069
 3,105
 2,133
Acquisition related expenses
 5,339
 10,250
Asset management fees9,963
 4,925
 1,895
Depreciation and amortization41,133
 19,211
 7,053
Total expenses81,261
 40,744
 24,167
Income (loss) from operations43,834
 15,687
 (2,881)
Interest expense, net22,555
 4,390
 1,886
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$21,279
 $11,297
 $(4,767)
Other comprehensive income:     
Unrealized income on interest rate swaps, net$2,870
 $840
 $
Other comprehensive income attributable to common stockholders2,870
 840
 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$24,149
 $12,137
 $(4,767)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:     
Basic101,714,148
 66,991,294
 28,658,495
Diluted101,731,944
 67,007,124
 28,658,495
Net income (loss) per common share attributable to common stockholders:     
Basic$0.21
 $0.17
 $(0.17)
Diluted$0.21
 $0.17
 $(0.17)
 Year Ended
December 31,
202220212020
Revenue:
Rental revenue$179,986 $172,838 $165,781 
Expenses:
Rental expenses17,950 17,712 16,397 
General and administrative expenses22,079 21,388 15,471 
Internalization transaction expenses— — 3,640 
Asset management fees— — 12,604 
Depreciation and amortization77,199 70,259 69,849 
Impairment losses47,424 27,837 — 
Total expenses164,652 137,196 117,961 
Gain on real estate disposition460 89 3,142 
Interest and other expense, net23,772 34,515 42,025 
(Loss) income from continuing operations(7,978)1,216 8,937 
Income from discontinued operations— 401,444 27,839 
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(7,978)$402,660 $36,776 
Other comprehensive income (loss) - unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps, net32,837 15,597 (15,740)
Comprehensive income attributable to common stockholders$24,859 $418,257 $21,036 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic225,320,043 223,325,293 221,436,617 
Diluted225,320,043 224,293,339 221,622,444 
Net (loss) income per common share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic:
Continuing operations$(0.03)$— $0.04 
Discontinued operations— 1.80 0.13 
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(0.03)$1.80 $0.17 
Diluted:
Continuing operations$(0.03)$— $0.04 
Discontinued operations— 1.79 0.13 
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(0.03)$1.79 $0.17 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5


CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II,SILA REALTY TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands, except for share data)

Common Stock
No. of
Shares
Par
Value
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Distributions in Excess of Accumulated EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) IncomeTotal
Stockholders’
Equity
Balance, December 31, 2021224,179,939 $2,242 $2,004,404 $(400,669)$(4,847)$1,601,130 
Issuance of common stock under the distribution reinvestment plan3,026,326 30 24,804 — — 24,834 
Vesting of restricted stock172,887 — — — — — 
Stock-based compensation— 4,178 — — 4,180 
Other offering costs— — (4)— — (4)
Repurchase of common stock(1,123,183)(11)(9,206)— — (9,217)
Distributions to common stockholders— — — (90,687)— (90,687)
Other comprehensive income— — — — 32,837 32,837 
Net loss— — — (7,978)— (7,978)
Balance, December 31, 2022226,255,969 $2,263 $2,024,176 $(499,334)$27,990 $1,555,095 
Common Stock
No. of
Shares
Par
Value
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Distributions in Excess of Accumulated EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossTotal
Stockholders’
Equity
Balance, December 31, 2020222,045,522 $2,220 $1,983,361 $(311,264)$(20,444)$1,653,873 
Issuance of common stock under the distribution reinvestment plan3,243,363 33 27,551 — — 27,584 
Vesting of restricted stock24,955 — — — — — 
Stock-based compensation— — 2,379 — — 2,379 
Distribution and servicing fees— — 639 — — 639 
Other offering costs— — (9)— — (9)
Repurchase of common stock(1,133,901)(11)(9,517)— — (9,528)
Distributions to common stockholders— — — (492,065)— (492,065)
Other comprehensive income— — — — 15,597 15,597 
Net income— — — 402,660 — 402,660 
Balance, December 31, 2021224,179,939 $2,242 $2,004,404 $(400,669)$(4,847)$1,601,130 
 Common Stock            
 No. of
Shares
 Par
Value
 Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 Accumulated Distributions in Excess of Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 Noncontrolling
Interests
 Total
Equity
Balance, December 31, 20147,110,501
 $71
 $60,081
 $(3,049) $
 $57,103
 $2
 $57,105
Issuance of common stock40,361,130
 404
 401,007
 
 
 401,411
 
 401,411
Issuance of common stock under the distribution reinvestment plan1,014,853
 10
 9,633
 
 
 9,643
 
 9,643
Vesting of restricted common stock2,250
 
 34
 
 
 34
 
 34
Commissions on sale of common stock and related dealer manager fees
 
 (38,163) 
 
 (38,163) 
 (38,163)
Other offering costs
 
 (6,371) 
 
 (6,371) 
 (6,371)
Repurchase of common stock(31,543) 
 (311) 
 
 (311) 
 (311)
Distributions declared to common stockholders
 
 
 (18,245) 
 (18,245) 
 (18,245)
Net loss
 
 
 (4,767) 
 (4,767) 
 (4,767)
Balance, December 31, 201548,457,191
 $485
 $425,910
 $(26,061) $
 $400,334
 $2
 $400,336
Issuance of common stock32,201,892
 321
 314,515
 
 
 314,836
 
 314,836
Issuance of common stock under the distribution reinvestment plan2,413,899
 24
 22,865
 
 
 22,889
 
 22,889
Vesting of restricted common stock4,500
 
 58
 
 
 58
 
 58
Commissions on sale of common stock and related dealer manager fees
 
 (24,546) 
 
 (24,546) 
 (24,546)
Distribution and servicing fees
 
 (6,213) 
 
 (6,213) 
 (6,213)
Other offering costs
 
 (5,619) 
 
 (5,619) 
 (5,619)
Repurchase of common stock(333,194) (3) (3,111) 
 
 (3,114) 
 (3,114)
Distributions declared to common stockholders
 
 
 (42,336) 
 (42,336) 
 (42,336)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 840
 840
 
 840
Net income
 
 
 11,297
 
 11,297
 
 11,297
Balance, December 31, 201682,744,288
 $827
 $723,859
 $(57,100) $840
 $668,426
 $2
 $668,428
Issuance of common stock39,920,746
 399
 385,692
 
 
 386,091
 
 386,091
Issuance of common stock under the distribution reinvestment plan3,536,813
 35
 32,229
 
 
 32,264
 
 32,264
Vesting of restricted common stock6,750
 
 76
 
 
 76
 
 76
Commissions on sale of common stock and related dealer manager fees
 
 (22,713) 
 
 (22,713) 
 (22,713)
Distribution and servicing fees
 
 (9,617) 
 
 (9,617) 
 (9,617)
Other offering costs
 
 (7,480) 
 
 (7,480) 
 (7,480)
Repurchase of common stock(1,880,820) (18) (17,141) 
 
 (17,159) 
 (17,159)
Distributions declared to common stockholders
 
 
 (63,488) 
 (63,488) 
 (63,488)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 2,870
 2,870
 
 2,870
Net income
 
 
 21,279
 
 21,279
 
 21,279
Balance, December 31, 2017124,327,777
 $1,243
 $1,084,905
 $(99,309) $3,710
 $990,549
 $2
 $990,551
Common Stock
No. of
Shares
Par
Value
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Distributions in Excess of Accumulated EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossTotal
Stockholders’
Equity
Noncontrolling
Interests
Total
Equity
Balance, December 31, 2019221,912,714 $2,219 $1,981,848 $(240,946)$(4,704)$1,738,417 $$1,738,419 
Issuance of common stock under the distribution reinvestment plan3,531,178 35 30,518 — — 30,553 — 30,553 
Vesting of restricted stock10,500 — — — — — — — 
Stock-based compensation— — 437 — — 437 — 437 
Purchase of noncontrolling interest— — — — — — (2)(2)
Distribution and servicing fees— — 51 — — 51 — 51 
Other offering costs— — (40)— — (40)— (40)
Repurchase of common stock(3,408,870)(34)(29,453)— — (29,487)— (29,487)
Distributions to common stockholders— — — (107,094)— (107,094)— (107,094)
Other comprehensive loss— — — — (15,740)(15,740)— (15,740)
Net income— — — 36,776 — 36,776 — 36,776 
Balance, December 31, 2020222,045,522 $2,220 $1,983,361 $(311,264)$(20,444)$1,653,873 $— $1,653,873 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-6


CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II,SILA REALTY TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
For the Year Ended
December 31,
Year Ended
December 31,
2017 2016 2015 202220212020
Cash flows from operating activities:     Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)$21,279
 $11,297
 $(4,767)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:     
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholdersNet (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(7,978)$402,660 $36,776 
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders to net cash provided by operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization41,133
 19,211
 7,053
Depreciation and amortization77,199 82,018 105,476 
Amortization of deferred financing costs2,612
 1,061
 721
Amortization of deferred financing costs1,679 3,425 3,884 
Amortization of above-market leases309
 36
 26
Amortization of intangible lease liabilities(2,126) (536) (98)
Straight-line rent(10,596) (6,263) (2,449)
Amortization of above- and below-market leasesAmortization of above- and below-market leases484 (1,098)(4,680)
Other amortization expensesOther amortization expenses2,302 3,269 1,190 
Gain on real estate disposition from continuing operationsGain on real estate disposition from continuing operations(460)(89)(3,142)
Gain on real estate dispositions of discontinued operationsGain on real estate dispositions of discontinued operations— (395,801)— 
Loss on extinguishment of debtLoss on extinguishment of debt3,367 28,751 — 
Impairment lossesImpairment losses47,424 27,837 — 
Straight-line rental income, net of write-offsStraight-line rental income, net of write-offs(7,261)(15,665)(21,323)
Stock-based compensation76
 58
 34
Stock-based compensation4,180 2,379 437 
Ineffectiveness of interest rate swaps(58) (144) 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:     Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts payable and other liabilities5,385
 1,307
 4,915
Accounts payable and other liabilities(170)(4,521)(3,795)
Accounts payable due to affiliates645
 531
 389
Other assets(6,832) (1,583) (2,534)Other assets909 3,777 (1,985)
Net cash provided by operating activities51,827
 24,975
 3,290
Net cash provided by operating activities121,675 136,942 112,838 
Cash flows from investing activities:     Cash flows from investing activities:
Investment in real estate(604,372) (535,447) (374,164)
Acquisition costs capitalized subsequent(44) 
 
Investments in real estateInvestments in real estate(157,194)(71,462)(16,135)
Consideration paid for the internalization transactionConsideration paid for the internalization transaction— (15,000)(25,000)
Proceeds from real estate dispositionProceeds from real estate disposition22,822 1,308,009 28,542 
Capital expenditures(32,467) (8,253) (1,289)Capital expenditures(8,440)(25,285)(28,797)
Real estate deposits, net190
 153
 (75)
Net cash used in investing activities(636,693) (543,547) (375,528)
Change in deposits and other costs for investments in real estateChange in deposits and other costs for investments in real estate— (120)(26)
Collection of notes receivableCollection of notes receivable— 30,700 — 
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activitiesNet cash (used in) provided by investing activities(142,812)1,226,842 (41,416)
Cash flows from financing activities:     Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock386,091
 314,836
 401,411
Proceeds from notes payable309,452
 152,990
 
Payments on notes payable(43) 
 
Payments on notes payable— (453,422)(3,923)
Proceeds from credit facility240,000
 240,000
 92,000
Proceeds from credit facility845,000 15,000 140,000 
Payments on credit facility(240,000) (110,000) (39,500)Payments on credit facility(762,000)(453,000)(110,000)
Payments for extinguishment of debtPayments for extinguishment of debt(4)(29,244)— 
Payments of deferred financing costs(3,564) (4,133) (1,799)Payments of deferred financing costs(6,937)(444)(715)
Repurchases of common stock(17,159) (3,114) (311)
Repurchase of common stockRepurchase of common stock(9,217)(9,528)(29,487)
Offering costs on issuance of common stock(32,079) (30,628) (46,611)Offering costs on issuance of common stock(192)(2,326)(3,099)
Distributions to stockholders(28,994) (17,659) (6,379)
Net cash provided by financing activities613,704
 542,292
 398,811
Distributions to common stockholdersDistributions to common stockholders(65,310)(465,849)(76,517)
Purchase of noncontrolling interestsPurchase of noncontrolling interests— — (2)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activitiesNet cash provided by (used in) financing activities1,340 (1,398,813)(83,743)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash28,838
 23,720
 26,573
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(19,797)(35,029)(12,321)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash - Beginning of year56,909
 33,189
 6,616
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash - Beginning of year32,880 67,909 80,230 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash - End of year$85,747
 $56,909
 $33,189
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash - End of year$13,083 $32,880 $67,909 
Supplemental cash flow disclosure:     Supplemental cash flow disclosure:
Interest paid, net of interest capitalized of $2,137, $524 and $0, respectively$20,867
 $3,341
 $1,055
Interest paid, net of interest capitalized of $44, $395 and $669, respectivelyInterest paid, net of interest capitalized of $44, $395 and $669, respectively$17,361 $38,558 $55,129 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions:     Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions:
Common stock issued through distribution reinvestment plan$32,264
 $22,889
 $9,643
Common stock issued through distribution reinvestment plan$24,834 $27,584 $30,553 
Distribution and servicing fees accrued during the period$7,626
 $5,750
 $
Liabilities assumed at acquisition$6,551
 $1,236
 $
Accrued capital expenditures$2,643
 $4,221
 $
Change in accrued distributions to common stockholdersChange in accrued distributions to common stockholders$543 $(1,368)$24 
Change in accounts payable and other liabilities related to capital expenditures and investments in real estateChange in accounts payable and other liabilities related to capital expenditures and investments in real estate$(3,705)$(243)$2,752 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilitiesRight-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities$15,305 $625 $3,914 
Origination of note receivable related to real estate dispositionOrigination of note receivable related to real estate disposition$— $— $28,000 
Deferred internalization transaction purchase priceDeferred internalization transaction purchase price$— $— $14,674 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents
CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II,SILA REALTY TRUST, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 20172022
Note 1—Organization and Business Operations
Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II,Sila Realty Trust, Inc., or the Company, is a Maryland corporation, headquartered in Tampa, Florida, that was formed on January 11, 2013. The Companyhas elected, and currently qualifies, to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or a REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, for federal income tax purposes,purposes. The Company invests in high-quality properties leased to long-term tenants. The Company is primarily focused on September 11, 2015. investing in strategic healthcare assets across the continuum of care, with emphasis on lower cost patient settings, which, the Company believes, typically generate predictable, durable and growing income streams. The Company may also make other real estate-related investments, which may include equity or debt interests in other real estate entities.
Substantially all of the Company’s business is conducted through Carter ValidusSila Realty Operating Partnership, II, LP, a Delaware limited partnership, or the Operating Partnership, formed on January 10, 2013.Partnership. The Company is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership and Carter Validus Advisors II, LLC, or the Advisor, is the special limited partnerdirectly owns 100% of the Operating Partnership.
The Company commencedformerly invested in data center properties and during the initial public offeringsecond quarter of $2,350,000,000 in shares2021, the Company's board of common stock,directors, or the maximum offering amount, consistingBoard, made a determination to sell the Company's data center properties. On May 19, 2021, the Company and certain of up to $2,250,000,000 in shares in its primary offeringwholly-owned subsidiaries entered into a purchase and up to $100,000,000 in shares of common stock to be made available pursuant to the Company’s distribution reinvestment plan,sale agreement, or the DRIP,PSA, for the sale of 29 data center properties owned by the Company, which constituted the entirety of the Company's data center segment. The decision of the Board to sell the data center properties, as well as the execution of the PSA, represented a strategic shift that had a major effect on a “best efforts” basis,the Company's results and operations. On July 22, 2021, the Company completed the sale of its data center segment, or the Initial Offering, pursuant toData Center Sale, for an aggregate sale price of $1,320,000,000, and generated net proceeds of approximately $1,295,367,000. Concurrently, the Board declared a registration statement on Form S-11, or the Registration Statement, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, under the Securities Actspecial cash distribution of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, which was declared effective on May 29, 2014. The Company ceased offering shares of common stock pursuant to the Initial Offering on November 24, 2017. At the completion of the Initial Offering, the Company had accepted investors' subscriptions for and issued approximately 125,095,000 shares$1.75 per share of Class A, Class I, and Class T common stock, including shares of common stock issues pursuant to the DRIP, resulting in gross proceeds of $1,223,803,000.
On November 27, 2017, the Company commenced its follow-on offering of up to $1,000,000,000 in shares of common stock, or the Offering, and collectively with the Initial Offering and the DRIP Offering, the Offerings. Shares of common stock in the Offering are being publicly offered on a "best efforts" basis pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-11, or the Registration Statement, filed with the SEC under the Securities Act.
On October 13, 2017, the Company registered 10,893,246 of shares of common stock under the DRIP pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3, or the DRIP Registration Statement, for a price of $9.18 per Class A share, Class I share and Class T share for a proposed maximum offering price of $100,000,000 in shares of common stock, or the DRIP Offering. The DRIP Registration Statement became automatically effective with the SEC upon filing and the Company commenced offering shares of common stock pursuant to the DRIP Registration Statement on December 1, 2017. On December 6, 2017, the Company filed a post-effective amendment to the DRIP Registration Statement to register 10,893,246 shares of Class A common stock, Class I common stock, Class T common stock and Class T2 common stock at $9.18 per share.
On June 2, 2017, the Company filed Articles Supplementary to the Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland reclassifying a portion of its Class A shares, Class I shares and Class T shares as Class T2 shares. On December 6, 2017, the Company filed Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11 to register Class T2 shares of common stock, which was declared effective by the SEC on November 27, 2017.
As of March 14, 2018, the Company ceased offering shares of Class T common stock in the Offering. Commencing March 15, 2018, the Company was offering, in any combination with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount, Class A shares of common stock at a price of $10.200 per share, Class I shares of common stock at a price of $9.273 per share, and Class T2 shares of common stockstock. The special cash distribution was funded with the proceeds from the Data Center Sale. The special cash distribution was paid on July 30, 2021 to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 26, 2021, in an aggregate amount of approximately $392,685,000. As a price of $9.714 per share. The offering prices are based on the most recent estimated per share net asset value of eachresult of the Class A common stock, Class I common stock and Class T common stock, and any applicable per share upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees.
AsData Center Sale, the Company had no assets or liabilities related to the data center segment as of December 31, 2017, the Company had issued approximately 126,560,000 shares of Class A, Class I2021, and Class T common stock in the Offerings, resulting in receipt of gross proceeds of approximately $1,237,638,000, before share repurchases of $20,584,000, selling commissions and dealer manager fees of approximately $91,898,000 and other offering costs of approximately $23,357,000.
Substantially allsubsequent. The operations of the Company’s business is managed bydata center segment have been classified as income from discontinued operations on the Advisor. Carter Validus Real Estate Management Services II, LLC, orconsolidated statements of comprehensive income for the Property Manager, an affiliate of the Advisor, serves as the Company’s property manager. The Advisor and the Property Manager have received, and will continue to receive, fees for services related to the acquisition and operational stages. The Advisor will also be eligible to receive fees during the liquidation stage. SC Distributors, LLC, an affiliate of the Advisor, or the Dealer Manager, serves as the dealer manager of the Offering. The Dealer Manager has received, and will continue to receive, fees for services related to the Offering.


The Company was formed to invest primarily in quality income-producing commercial real estate, with a focus on data centers and healthcare properties, preferably with long-term net leases to creditworthy tenants, as well as to make other real estate-related investments that relate to such property types, which may include equity or debt interests, including securities, in other real estate entities. The Company also may originate or invest in real estate-related notes receivable. The Company expects real estate-related notes receivable originations and investments to be focused on first mortgage loans, but also may include real estate-related bridge loans, mezzanine loans and securitized notes receivable. As ofyears ended December 31, 2017, the Company owned 53 real estate investments, consisting of 70 properties.2021 and 2020.
Except as the context otherwise requires, “we,” “our,” “us,” and the “Company” referrefers to Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II,Sila Realty Trust, Inc., the Operating Partnership and alltheir wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The summary of significant accounting policies presented below is designed to assist in understanding the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Such consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto are the representationresponsibility of management. These accounting policies conform to accounting principlesU.S. generally accepted in the United States of America,accounting principles, or GAAP, in all material respects, and have been consistently applied in preparing the consolidated financial statements.
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, the Operating Partnership, and alltheir wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates are made and evaluated on an ongoing basis using information that is currently available as well as various other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents may include cash and short-term investments. Short-term investments are stated at cost, which approximates fair value.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash consists of restricted cash held in escrow and restricted bank deposits. Restricted cash held in escrow includes cash held in escrow accounts for capital improvements for certain properties as well as cash held by lenders in escrow accounts for tenant and capital improvements repairs and maintenance and other lender reserves for certain properties, in accordance with the respective lender’s loan agreement.tenants' lease agreements. Restricted cash held in escrow is reported in other assets, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Restricted bank deposits consist
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Table of tenant receipts for certain properties which are required to be deposited into lender-controlled accounts in accordance with the respective lender's loan agreement. Restricted bank deposits are reported in other assets, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. See Note 6—"Other Assets, Net".Contents
On April 1, 2017, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2016-18, Restricted Cash, or ASU 2016-18. ASU 2016-18 requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during a reporting period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. This ASU states that transfers between cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash are not part of the Company’s operating, investing and financing activities. Therefore, restricted cash should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning of period and end of period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. As required, the Company retrospectively applied the guidance in ASU 2016-18 to the prior periods presented, which resulted in a decrease of $2,491,000 in net cash used in investing activities and an increase of $2,040,000 in net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 and an increase of $995,000 in net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 on the consolidated statements of cash flows.


The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning of year and end of year cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets to the totals shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows:
  For the Year Ended
December 31,
Beginning of year: 2017 2016 2015
Cash and cash equivalents 50,446
 31,262
 3,694
Restricted cash 6,463
 1,927
 2,922
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $56,909
 $33,189
 $6,616
       
End of year:      
Cash and cash equivalents 74,803
 50,446
 31,262
Restricted cash 10,944
 6,463
 1,927
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $85,747
 $56,909
 $33,189
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs are loan fees, legal fees and other third-party costs associated with obtaining financing. These costs are amortized over the terms of the respective financing agreements using the effective interest method. Unamortized deferred financing costs are generally expensed when the associated debt is refinanced or repaid before maturity unless specific rules are met that would allow for the carryover of such costs to the refinanced debt. Costs incurredflows (amounts in seeking financing transactions that do not close are expensed in the period in which it is determined that the financing will not close. Deferred financing costs are recorded as a reduction of the related debt on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.thousands):
Year Ended
December 31,
202220212020
Beginning of year:
Cash and cash equivalents$32,359 $53,174 $69,342 
Restricted cash521 14,735 10,888 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$32,880 $67,909 $80,230 
End of year:
Cash and cash equivalents$12,917 $32,359 $53,174 
Restricted cash166 

521 14,735 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$13,083 $32,880 $67,909 
Investment in Real Estate
Real estate costs related to the acquisition, development, construction and improvement of properties are capitalized. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred and significant replacements and bettermentsimprovements are capitalized. Repair and maintenance costs include all costs that do not extend the useful life of the real estate asset.assets. The Company considers the period of future benefit of an asset in determining the appropriate useful life. Real estate assets, other than land, are depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis over each asset’s useful life. The Company anticipates the estimated useful lives of its assets by class as follows:
Buildings and improvements15 – 40 years
Tenant improvementsShorter of lease term or expected useful life
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment3 – 10 years
Allocation of Purchase Price of Real Estate
Upon the acquisition of real estate properties, the Company evaluates whether the acquisition is a business combination or an asset acquisition. For both business combinations and asset acquisitions, we allocatethe Company allocates the purchase price of properties to acquired tangible assets, consisting of land, buildings and improvements, and acquired intangible assets and liabilities, consisting of the value of above-market and below-market leases and the value of in-place leases. For asset acquisitions, the Company capitalizes transaction costs and allocates the purchase price using a relative fair value method allocating all accumulated costs. For business combinations, the Company expenses transaction costs associated as incurred and allocates the purchase price based on the estimated fair value of each separately identifiable asset and liability. For the year ended December 31, 2022, all of the Company's acquisitions were determined to be asset acquisitions.
The fair valuesvalue of the tangible assets of an acquired property (which includes land, buildings and improvements) areis determined by valuing the property as if it were vacant, and the “as-if-vacant” value is then allocated to land and buildings and improvements based on management’s determination of the relative fair value of these assets. Management determines the as-if-vacant fair value of a property using methods similar to those used by independent appraisers. Factors considered by management in performing these analyses include an estimate of carrying costs during the expected lease-up periods considering current market conditions and costs to execute similar leases, including leasing commissions and other related costs. In estimating carrying costs, management includes real estate taxes, insurance, and other operating expenses during the expected lease-up periods based on current market conditions.
The fair values of above-market and below-market in-place lease values are recorded based on the present value (using an interest rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amountsamount allocated to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases and (ii) an estimate of fair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases,


measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease including any fixed rate bargain renewal periods, with respect to a below-market lease. The above-market and below-market lease values are capitalized as intangible lease assets or liabilities. Above-market lease values are amortized as an adjustment of rental income over the remaining terms of the respective leases. Below-market leases are amortized as an adjustment of rental income over the remaining terms of the respective leases, including any fixed rate bargain renewal periods. If a lease were to be terminated prior to its stated expiration, all unamortized amounts of above-market and below-market in-place lease values related to that lease would be recorded as an adjustment to rental income.
The fair values of in-place leases includeincludes an estimate of direct costs associated with obtaining a new tenant and opportunity costs associated with lost rentals that are avoided by acquiring an in-place lease. Direct costs associated with obtaining a new tenant include commissions, tenant improvements, and other direct costs and are estimated based on management’s consideration of current market costs to execute a similar lease. The value of opportunity costs is calculated using the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases over a market absorption period for a similar lease. These lease intangibles are amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining terms of the respective leases. If a lease were to be terminated prior to its stated expiration, all unamortized amounts of in-place lease assets relating to that lease would be expensed.
Acquisition FeesThe amounts allocated to above-market and Expenses
Acquisition fees and expenses associated withbelow-market leases are recorded based on the acquisitionpresent value of properties determinedthe difference between: (i) the contractual amounts to be business combinationspaid pursuant to the in-place leases and (ii) an estimate of current market lease rates for the corresponding leases, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease including any fixed rate bargain renewal periods, with respect to a below-market lease. These above-market and below market amounts are expensedamortized as incurred, including investment transactionsan adjustment of rental revenue over the remaining terms of the respective leases. If a lease were to be terminated prior to its stated expiration, all unamortized amounts of above-market and below-market lease values related to that lease would be recorded as an adjustment to rental revenue.
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Table of Contents
Held for Sale
The Company classifies a real estate property as held for sale upon satisfaction of all of the following criteria: (i) management commits to a plan to sell the property; (ii) the property is available for immediate sale in its present condition, subject only to terms that are no longer under consideration,usual and are included in acquisition related expenses incustomary for sales of such properties; (iii) there is an active program to locate a buyer; (iv) the accompanying consolidated statementssale of comprehensive income (loss). Acquisition feesthe property is probable and expenses associated with transactions determinedtransfer of the asset is expected to be an asset acquisition are capitalized incompleted within one year; (v) the property is being actively marketed for sale; and (vi) actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn.
Upon the determination to classify a property as held for sale, the Company ceases depreciation and amortization on the real estate net inproperty held for sale, as well as the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.amortization of any related intangible assets. Such properties are recorded at the lesser of the carrying value or estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell.
Impairment of Long Lived AssetsImpairments
The Company continually monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of its real estate and related intangible assets may not be recoverable. When indicators of potential impairment suggest that the carrying value of real estate and related intangible assets may not be recoverable, the Company assesses the recoverability of the assetsasset group by estimating whether the Company will recover the carrying value of the asset group through its undiscounted future cash flows, and itsincluding eventual disposition. If, basedBased on this analysis, if the Company does not believe that it will be able to recover the carrying value of the asset the Company will recordgroup, an impairment losscharge will be recorded to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset. No impairment loss has been recorded to date.asset group.
When developing estimates of expected future cash flows, the Company makes certain assumptions regarding future market rental income amountsrates subsequent to the expiration of current lease arrangements, property operating expenses, terminal capitalization and discount rates, the numberprobability weighting of months it takes to re-leasepotential uses of the property, sale prices of comparable properties, required tenant improvements and the number of years the property will be held for investment. The use of alternative assumptions in the future cash flow analysis could result in a different determination of the property’s future cash flows and a different conclusion regarding the existence of an impairment, the extent of such loss, if any, as well as the carrying value of the real estate assets.
In addition, we determine fair value by using a direct capitalization method, a discounted cash flow method using the assumptions noted above, or by utilizing comparable market information based on the view of a market participant. The use of alternative assumptions in these approaches could result in a different determination of the property’s estimated fair value and a different conclusion regarding the existence of an impairment, the extent of such loss, if any, as well as the carrying value of the real estate assets.
The Company accounts for goodwill in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, and allocates its goodwill to its reporting units, which have been determined to be at the individual property level. Goodwill has an indefinite life and is not amortized.
The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment at least annually, as of the last day of each year, or upon the occurrence of a triggering event. A triggering event is an event or circumstance that would more-likely-than-not indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit is below its carrying value.
The Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if a quantitative impairment test is necessary. Under a qualitative assessment, the impairment analysis for goodwill represents an evaluation of whether it is more-likely-than-not the reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying value, including goodwill. If a qualitative analysis indicates that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated carrying value of a reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds its fair value, the Company performs the quantitative analysis. The quantitative analysis consists of estimating the fair value of each reporting unit using discounted projected future cash flows and comparing those estimated fair values with the carrying values, which include the allocated goodwill. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, the Company would then recognize a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs are loan fees, legal fees and other third-party costs associated with obtaining and further modifying financing. These costs are amortized over the terms of the respective financing agreements using the effective interest method. Deferred financing costs related assets.to the term loan portion of the credit facility are recorded as a reduction of the related debt on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Deferred financing costs related to the revolving line of credit are recorded in other assets, net, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
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Table of Contents
Fair Value
ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, or ASC 820, defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820 emphasizes that fair value is intended to be a market-based measurement, as opposed to a transaction-specific measurement.
Fair value is defined by ASC 820 as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Depending on the nature of the asset or liability, various techniques and assumptions can be used to estimate the fair value. Assets and liabilities are measured using inputs from three levels of the fair value hierarchy, as follows:
Level 1—Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. An active market is defined as a market in which transactions for the assets or liabilities occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2—Inputs other than quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets that are observable for the asset or liability (i.e., interest rates, yield curves, etc.), and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs).
Level 3—Unobservable inputs, only used to the extent that observable inputs are not available, reflect the Company’s assumptions about the pricing of an asset or liability.

Revenue Recognition and Tenant Receivables

The following describes the methods the Company used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities:
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, tenant receivables, property escrow deposits, prepaid and other assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities—The Company considered the carrying values of these financial instruments, assets and liabilities, to approximate fair value because of the short period of time between origination of the instruments and their expected realization.
Notes payable—Fixed Rate—The fair value is estimated by discounting the expected cash flows on notes payable at current rates at which management believes similar loans would be made considering the terms and conditions of the loan and prevailing market interest rates.
Notes payable—Variable Rate—The carrying value of variable rate notes payable approximates fair value because the interest rates adjust with current market conditions.
Secured credit facility—Fixed Rate—The fair value is estimated by discounting the expected cash flows on the fixed rate secured credit facility at current rates at which management believes similar borrowings would be made considering the terms and conditions of the borrowings and prevailing market interest rates.
Secured credit facility—Variable Rate—The carrying value of the variable rate secured credit facility approximates fair value as the interest is calculated at the London Interbank Offered Rate, plus an applicable margin. The interest rate resets to market on a monthly basis. The fair valuemajority of the Company's variable rate secured credit facilityrevenue is estimated based on the interest rates currently offered to the Company by financial institutions.
Derivative instruments—The Company’s derivative instruments consist of interest rate swaps. These swaps are carried at fair value to comply with the provisions of ASC 820. The fair value of these instrumentsderived from rental revenue, which is determined using interest rate market pricing models. The Company incorporated credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect the Company’s nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. Considerable judgment is necessary to develop estimated fair values of financial assets and liabilities. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize, or be liableaccounted for on disposition of the financial assets and liabilities.
Revenue Recognition, Tenant Receivables and Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC 605, Revenue Recognition842, Leases, or ASC 605.842. Under ASC 605 requires that all four of the following basic criteria be met before revenue is realized or realizable and earned: (1) there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; (3) the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed and determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.
In accordance with ASC 840, Leases, minimum842, rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related lease (including rent holidays). For lease arrangements where it is not probable that the Company will collect all or substantially all of the remaining lease payments under the term of the lease, rental revenue is limited to the lesser of the rental revenue that would be recognized on a straight-line basis or the lease payments that have been collected from the lessee. Differences between rental incomerevenue recognized and amounts contractually due under the lease agreements are credited or charged to deferredstraight-line rent receivable or deferred rent liability, as applicable.receivable. Tenant reimbursement revenue,reimbursements, which isare comprised of additional amounts recoverable from tenants for common area maintenance expenses and certain other recoverable expenses, isare recognized as revenuewhen the services are provided and the performance obligations are satisfied.
Share Repurchase Program
The Company’s Amended and Restated Share Repurchase Program, or the SRP, allows for repurchases of shares of the Company’s common stock upon meeting certain criteria. The SRP provides that all repurchases during any calendar year, including those redeemable upon death or a "Qualifying Disability" (as defined in the periodCompany's SRP) of a stockholder, be limited to those that can be funded with equivalent proceeds raised from the DRIP during the prior calendar year and other operating funds, if any, as the Board, in its sole discretion, may reserve for this purpose.
Repurchases of shares of the Company’s common stock are at the sole discretion of the Board, provided, however, that the Company limits the number of shares repurchased during any calendar year to 5.0% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding as of December 31st of the previous calendar year. The SRP is subject to terms and limitations, including, but not limited to, quarterly share limitations, an annual 5.0% share limitation and DRIP funding limitations and any amendments to the plan. In addition, the Board, in its sole discretion, may suspend (in whole or in part) the SRP at any time, and may amend, reduce, terminate or otherwise change the SRP upon 30 days' prior notice to the Company’s stockholders for any reason it deems appropriate.
The Company will currently only repurchase shares due to death and involuntary exigent circumstances in accordance with the SRP, subject in each case to the terms and limitations of the SRP. Under the SRP, the Company may waive certain of the terms and requirements of the SRP in the event of the death of a stockholder who is a natural person, including shares held through an Individual Retirement Account or other retirement or profit-sharing plan, and certain trusts meeting the requirements of the SRP. The Company may also waive certain of the terms and requirements of the SRP in the event of an involuntary exigent circumstance, as determined by the Company or any of the executive officers thereof, in its or their sole discretion.
Distribution Policy
In order to maintain its status as a REIT, the Company is required to make distributions each taxable year equal to at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding capital gains. To the extent funds are available, the Company intends to continue to pay regular distributions to stockholders. Distributions are paid to stockholders of record as of the applicable record dates. Distributions to stockholders are determined by the Board and are dependent upon a number of factors, including funds available for the payment of distributions, financial condition, the timing
F-11

of property acquisitions, capital expenditure requirements, and annual distribution requirements in order to maintain the Company’s status as a REIT.
Stock-based Compensation
On March 6, 2020, the Board approved the Amended and Restated 2014 Restricted Share Plan, or the A&R Incentive Plan, pursuant to which the related expenses are incurred. Tenant reimbursements are recognizedCompany has the authority and presentedpower to grant awards of restricted shares of its Class A common stock to its directors, officers and employees. The Company accounts for its stock awards in accordance with ASC Subtopic 605-45, Revenue Recognition—Principal Agent Consideration, or718-10, Compensation—Stock Compensation. ASC 605-45. ASC 605-45718-10 requires that these reimbursementscompensation cost for all stock awards be recorded on a gross basis whencalculated and amortized over the Companyservice period (generally equal to the vesting period). For performance-based awards, compensation costs are recognized over the service period if it is probable that the primary obligorperformance condition will be satisfied, with respect to purchasing goods and services from third-party suppliers, and thus, the Company has discretion in selecting the supplier and has credit risk.
Tenant receivables and unbilled deferred rent receivables are carried netchanges of the allowances for uncollectible current tenant receivablesassessment at each reporting period and unbilled deferred rent. An allowance will be maintained for estimated losses resulting fromrecording the inability of certain tenants to meet the contractual obligations under their lease agreements. The Company also maintains an allowance for deferred rent receivables arising from the straight-lining of rents. The Company’s determinationeffect of the adequacychange in the compensation cost as a cumulative catch-up adjustment. The compensation costs for restricted stock are recognized based on the fair value of these allowances is based primarily upon evaluations of historical loss experience, the tenant’s financial condition, security deposits, letters of credit, lease guarantees and current economic conditions and other relevant factors. As of December 31, 2017, the Company did not have an allowancerestricted stock awards at grant date. Forfeitures are accounted for uncollectible tenant receivables.as they occur.
Earnings Per Share
The Company calculates basic earnings per share by dividing net (loss) income (loss) attributable to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average shares of its common stock outstanding for that period. Diluted earnings per share areis computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding and all potentially dilutive securities. Shares of non-vested restricted common stock and Performance DSUs give rise to potentially dilutive shares of common stock. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, diluted earnings per share reflected the effect of 18,000 and 16,000 shares, respectively, of non-vested shares of restricted common stock that were outstanding as of such period. For the year ended December 31, 2015, there were 15,750


shares of non-vested restricted common stock outstanding, but such shares were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because such shares were anti-dilutive during this period.
Reportable Segments
Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting financial and descriptive information about an enterprise’sentity’s reportable segments. As of December 31, 20172022 and 2016,December 31, 2021, 100% of the Company operated through two reportable business segments­—commercialCompany's consolidated revenues from continuing operations were generated from real estate investments in data centers and healthcare. With the continued expansion of thehealthcare properties. The Company’s portfolio, segregation of the Company’s operations into two reporting segments is useful in assessing thechief operating decision maker evaluates operating performance of the Company’s business in the same way that management reviews performance and makes operating decisions. See Note 11—"Segment Reporting" for further discussionhealthcare properties on thean individual property level, which are aggregated into one reportable segments of the Company.segment due to their similar economic characteristics.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
As required by ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or ASC 815, the Company records all derivative instruments at fair value as assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position at fair value.on its consolidated balance sheets. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. For those derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, a company must designate the hedging instrument, based upon the exposure being hedged, as a fair value hedge, cash flow hedge or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. For
In accordance with the fair value measurement guidance in Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement, the Company made an accounting policy election to measure the credit risk of its derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments, the income or loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) during the current period.that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio.
The Company is exposed to variability in expected future cash flows that are attributable to interest rate changes in the normal course of business. The Company’s primary strategy in entering into derivative contracts is to add stability to future cash flows by managing its exposure to interest rate movements.fluctuations. The Company utilizes derivative instruments, including interest rate swaps, to effectively convert some of its variable rate debt to fixed rate debt. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for speculative purposes.
In accordance with ASC 815, the Company designates interest rate swap contracts as cash flow hedges of floating-rate borrowings. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the incomegains or losslosses on the derivative instrument isinstruments are reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) - unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps, net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) and are reclassified into earnings in the same line item associated with the forecasted transaction andin the same period during which the hedged transaction affectstransactions affect earnings. The ineffective portion of the income or loss on the derivative instrument is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) during the current period.
In accordance with the fair value measurement guidance ASU 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement, the Company made an accounting policy election to measure the credit risk of its derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio.
Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Leases
As of December 31, 2017, the Company had cash on deposit, including restricted cash, in certain financial institutions that had deposits in excess of current federally insured levels; however, the Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company limits its cash investments to financial institutions with high credit standing; therefore, the Company believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on its cash deposits. To date, the Company has experienced no loss or lack of access to cash in its accounts.
As of December 31, 2017, the Company owned real estate investments in 37 MSAs, two of which accounted for 10.0% or more of contractual rental revenue. Real estate investments located in the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, Georgia MSA and the Oklahoma City, Oklahoma MSA accounted for 12.1% and 10.0%, respectively, of contractual rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017.
As of December 31, 2017, the Company had no exposure to tenant concentration that accounted for 10.0% or more of contractual rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Stockholders’ Equity
The Company’s charter authorizes the issuance of up to 600,000,000 shares of stock, consisting of 175,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, 75,000,000 shares of Class I common stock, 175,000,000 shares of Class T common stock and 75,000,000 shares of Class T2 common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. As of December 31, 2017, the Company was not offering Class T2 shares. Other than the different fees with respect to each class and the payment of a distribution and servicing fee out of amounts otherwise distributable to Class T stockholders, Class A shares, Class I and Class T shares have identical rights and privileges, such as identical voting rights. The


net proceeds from the sale of the three classes of shares will be commingled for investment purposes and all earnings from all of the investments will proportionally accrue to each share regardless of the class.
As of December 31, 2017, the Company had 126,559,834 shares of Class A, Class I and Class T common stock issued and 124,327,777 shares of Class A, Class I and Class T common stock outstanding, and no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding. As of December 31, 2016, the Company had 83,109,025 shares of Class A and Class T common stock issued and 82,744,288 shares of Class A and Class T common stock outstanding, and no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding. The charter authorizes the Company’s board of directors, without stockholder approval, to designate and issue one or more classes or series of preferred stock and to set or change the voting, conversion or other rights, preferences, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions and qualification or terms or conditions of repurchase of each class of stock so issued.
Share Repurchase Program
The Company’s share repurchase program allows for repurchases of shares of the Company’s common stock when certain criteria are met. The share repurchase program provides that all repurchases during any calendar year, including those redeemable upon death or a Qualifying Disability of a stockholder, are limited to those that can be funded with equivalent proceeds raised from the DRIP Offering during the prior calendar year and other operating funds, if any, as the board of directors, in its sole discretion, may reserve for this purpose.
Repurchases of shares of the Company’s common stock are at the sole discretion of the Company’s board of directors. The Company will limit the number of shares repurchased pursuant to the share repurchase program as follows: during any calendar year, the Company will not repurchase in excess of 5.0% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31st of the previous calendar year. In addition, the Company’s board of directors, in its sole discretion, may amend, suspend, reduce, terminate or otherwise change the share repurchase program upon 30 days' prior notice to the Company’s stockholders for any reason it deems appropriate.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company received valid repurchase requests related to 1,880,820 Class A shares, Class T shares and Class I shares of common stock (1,793,424 Class A shares, 81,939 Class T shares and 5,457 Class I shares), or 2.27% of shares outstanding as of December 31, 2016, all of which were redeemed in full for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $17,159,000 (an average of $9.12 per share). During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company received valid repurchase requests related to 333,194 Class A shares of common stock, or 0.69% of shares outstanding as of December 31, 2015, all of which were redeemed in full for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $3,114,000 (an average of $9.35 per share). No shares of Class T common stock were requested to be, or were, repurchased during the year ended December 31, 2016. No shares of Class I common stock were requested to be, or were, repurchased during the year ended December 31, 2016.
Distribution Policy and Distributions Payable
In order to maintain its status as a REIT, the Company is required to make distributions each taxable year equal to at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding capital gains. To the extent funds are available, the Company intends to continue to pay regular distributions to stockholders. Distributions are paid to stockholders of record as of the applicable record dates. As of December 31, 2017, the Company paid aggregate distributions, since inception, of approximately $118,258,000 ($53,192,000 in cash and $65,066,000 of which were reinvested in shares of common stock pursuant to the DRIP). Distributions are payable to stockholders from legally available funds therefor. The Company declared distributions per share of common stock in the amounts of $0.62 and $0.63 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. As of December 31, 2017, the Company had distributions payable of approximately $6,566,000. Of these distributions payable, approximately $3,164,000 was paid in cash and approximately $3,402,000 was reinvested in shares of common stock pursuant to the DRIP on January 2, 2018.
Distributions to stockholders are determined by the board of directors of the Company and are dependent upon a number of factors relating to the Company, including funds available for the payment of distributions, financial condition, the timing of property acquisitions, capital expenditure requirements, and annual distribution requirements in order to maintain the Company’s status as a REIT under the Code.
Income Taxes
The Company currently qualifies and is taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code. Accordingly, it will generally not be subject to corporate U.S. federal or state income tax to the extent that it makes qualifying distributions to stockholders, and provided it satisfies, on a continuing basis, through actual investment and operating results, the REIT requirements, including certain asset, income, distribution and stock ownership tests. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT, and does not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, it willwould be subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes and may be precluded from qualifying as a REIT for the subsequent four taxable years following the year in which it lost its REIT qualification, unless the Internal Revenue Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory provisions. Accordingly,


failure to qualify as a REIT could have a material adverse impact on the results of operations and amounts available for distribution to stockholders.
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The dividends paid deduction of a REIT for qualifying dividends paid to its stockholders is computed using the Company’s taxable income as opposed to net income reported in the consolidated financial statements. Taxable income, generally, will differ from net income reported in the consolidated financial statements because the determination of taxable income is based on tax provisions and not financial accounting principles.
The Company has concluded that there was no impact related to uncertain tax provisionspositions from results of operations of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162022, 2021 and 2015.2020. The United States of America is the jurisdiction for the Company, and the earliest tax year currently subject to examination will be 2015.is 2019.
Recently Issued Accounting PronouncementsReclassifications
On May 28, 2014,During the Financial Accounting Standards Board, orcurrent year, the FASB, issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, or ASU 2014-09. The objective of ASU 2014-09 is to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and to develop a common revenue standard for GAAP. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle, which may require more judgment and estimates within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing GAAP. The Company has preliminarily determined the revenue stream that could be most significantly impacted by this ASU relates to parking revenue. The Company determined that the revenue recognition from parking revenue will be generally consistent with current recognition methods,certain expenses, previously presented within general and therefore will not have material changes to the consolidated financial statements as a result of adoption. For the year ended December 31, 2017, parking revenue was less than 10% of consolidated revenue. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) Deferral of the Effective Date, or ASU 2015-14. ASU 2015-14 defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year to fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted as of the original effective date, which was annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and the interim periods within that year. On March 17, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Principal versus Agent Considerations), or ASU 2016-08, which improves the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations. ASU 2016-08 clarifies that an entity is a principal when it controls the specified good or service before that good or service is transferred to the customer, and is an agent when it does not control the specified good or service before it is transferred to the customer. The effective date of this update is the same as the effective date of ASU 2015-14.
As the majority of the Company's revenue is derived from real estate lease contracts, as discussed in relation to ASU 2016-02, Leases, the Company does not expect that the adoption of ASU 2014-09 or related amendments and modifications will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. Recoveries from tenants to be impacted by ASU 2014-09 will not be addressed until the Company's adoption of ASU 2016-02, Leases, considering its revisions to accounting for common area maintenance described below. The Company also continues to evaluate the scope of revenue-related disclosures it expects to provide pursuant to the new requirements. The standard permits the use of either a retrospective or cumulative effect transition method and permits the use of certain practical expedients. The Company currently anticipates using the modified retrospective method, however, this determination is subject to change. The Company will adopt the standard on its effective date beginning with the first quarter of 2018.
On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, or ASU 2016-02. ASU 2016-02 establishes the principles to increase the transparency about the assets and liabilities arising from leases. ASU 2016-02 results in aadministrative expenses, are more faithful representation of the rights and obligations arising from leases by requiring lessees to recognize the lease assets and lease liabilities that arise from leases in the statement of financial position and to disclose qualitative and quantitative information about lease transactions and aligns lessor accounting and sale leaseback transactions guidance more closely to comparable guidance in Topic 606, Revenue from Contractswith Customers, and Topic 610, Other Income. Under ASU 2016-02, a lessee is required to record a right of use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. The Company is a lessee on a limited number of ground leases, which will result in the recognition of a right of use asset and lease liability upon the adoption of ASU 2016-02. Lessor accounting remains largely unchanged, apart from the narrower scope of initial direct costs that can be capitalized. The new standard will result in certain costs, such as legal costs related to lease negotiations, being expensed rather than capitalized. In addition, ASU 2016-02 requires lessors to identify the lease and non-lease components, such as the reimbursement of common area maintenance, contained within each lease. The non-lease components would have to be evaluated under the revenue recognition guidance of ASU 2014-09. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. In January 2018, the FASB proposed an amendment to ASU 2016-02 to simplify the guidance by allowing lessors to elect a practical expedient to allow lessors to not separate non-lease components from a lease, which would provide the Company with the option of not bifurcating certain common area maintenance recoveries as a non-lease component. The Company will evaluate the impact of this amendment to the ASU when it is final.


On June 16, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, or ASU 2016-13. ASU 2016-13 requires more timely recording of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments that are not accounted for at fair value through net income, including loans held for investment, held-to-maturity debt securities, trade and other receivables, net investment in leases and other such commitments. ASU 2016-13 requires that financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, through an allowance for credit losses that is deducted from the amortized cost basis. The amendments in ASU 2016-13 require the Company to measure all expected credit losses based upon historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the financial assets and eliminates the “incurred loss” methodology in current GAAP. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact ASU 2016-13 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company believes that certain financial statements' accounts will be impacted by the adoption of ASU 2016-13, including allowances for doubtful accounts with respect to accounts receivable and straight-line rents receivable. 
On August 26, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows, or ASU 2016-15. ASU 2016-15 is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 addresses eight classification issues related to the statementoperations of cash flows: 1) debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; 2) settlement of zero-coupon bonds; 3) contingent consideration payments made afterits properties. As a business combination; 4) proceeds fromresult, these amounts have been reclassified to rental expenses for all prior periods to conform to the settlement of insurance claims; 5) proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies; 6) distributions received from equity method investees; 7) beneficial interests in securitization transactions; and 8) separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. ASU 2016-15 is effective for public business entities for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Entities should apply this ASU using a retrospective transition method to eachcurrent period presented. The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 effective October 1, 2017. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 had no impact on the Company's consolidated statements of cash flows.presentation.
On February 23, 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets, or ASU 2017-05. ASU 2017-05 clarifies the scope of asset derecognition guidance and accounting for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. Partial sales of nonfinancial assets are common in the real estate industry and include transactions in which the seller retains an equity interest in the entity that owns the assets or has an equity interest in the buyer. ASU 2017-05 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is in process of evaluating the impact ASU 2017-05 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company does not expect that the adoption of ASU 2017-05 will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
On August 28, 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, or ASU 2017-12. The objectives of ASU 2017-12 are to (i) improve the transparency and understandability of information conveyed to financial statement users about an entity’s risk management activities by better aligning the entity’s financial reporting for hedging relationships with those risk management activities and (ii) reduce the complexity of and simplify the application of hedge accounting by preparers. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is in process of evaluating the impact of ASU 2017-12 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


Note 3—Real Estate Investments
2022 Real Estate Property Acquisitions
During the year ended December 31, 2017,2022, the Company purchased 19seven real estate properties all ofin five separate transactions, or the 2022 Acquisitions, which were each determined to be asset acquisitions. The Company allocated the purchase price of the 2022 Acquisitions to tangible assets, consisting of land, building and improvements, tenant improvements, and acquired intangible assets and liabilities, consisting of in-place and above and below market leases, based on the relative fair value method of allocating all accumulated costs.
The following table summarizes the consideration transferred for the properties acquired2022 Acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2017:2022:
Property DescriptionDate AcquiredOwnership PercentageConsideration Transferred
(amount in thousands)
Yukon Healthcare Facility03/10/2022100%$19,554 
Pleasant Hills Healthcare Facility05/12/2022100%14,303 
Prosser Healthcare Facilities (1)
05/20/2022100%8,593 
Tampa Healthcare Facility II07/20/2022100%51,259 
Escondido Healthcare Facility07/21/2022100%63,485 
Total$157,194 
Property Description Date Acquired Ownership Percentage Purchase Price (amounts in thousands)
Tempe Data Center 01/26/2017 100% $16,224
Norwalk Data Center 03/30/2017 100% 58,835
Aurora Healthcare Facility 03/30/2017 100% 11,531
Texas Rehab - Austin 03/31/2017 100% 36,945
Texas Rehab - Allen 03/31/2017 100% 23,691
Texas Rehab - Beaumont 03/31/2017 100% 9,649
Charlotte Data Center II 05/15/2017 100% 16,646
250 Williams Atlanta Data Center 06/15/2017 100% 168,588
Sunnyvale Data Center 06/28/2017 100% 38,105
Texas Rehab - San Antonio 06/29/2017 100% 14,853
Cincinnati Data Center 06/30/2017 100% 10,503
Silverdale Healthcare Facility 08/25/2017 100% 9,856
Silverdale Healthcare Facility II 09/20/2017 100% 7,144
King of Prussia Data Center 09/28/2017 100% 19,885
Tempe Data Center II 09/29/2017 100% 15,568
Houston Data Center 11/16/2017 100% 76,388
Saginaw Healthcare Facility 12/21/2017 100% 18,462
Elgin Data Center 12/22/2017 100% 2,771
Oklahoma City Data Center 12/27/2017 100% 48,728
Total     $604,372
(1)     The Prosser Healthcare Facilities consist of three healthcare properties.
The following table summarizes management'sthe Company's purchase price allocation of the acquisitions2022 Acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2017,2022 (amounts in thousands):
  Total 
Land $68,535
 
Buildings and improvements 533,011
 
In-place leases 64,476
 
Above market leases 1,448
 
Total assets acquired 667,470
 
Below market leases (56,547) 
Liabilities assumed at acquisition (6,551)
(1) 
Total liabilities acquired (63,098) 
Net assets acquired $604,372
 
(1)Of this amount, the Company assumed a note payable collateralized by a real estate asset in the principal amount of $5,736,000 at the acquisition dateTotal
Land$2,646 
Building and tenant improvements on two properties in the amount of $815,000.136,938 
Tenant improvements4,840 
In-place leases12,779 
Above-market leases454
Total assets acquired157,657 
Below-market leases(463)
Net assets acquired$157,194 
Acquisition fees and costs associated with transactions determined to be asset acquisitions are capitalized. The Company capitalized acquisition fees and costs of approximately $15,674,000 and $9,982,000$617,000 related to the 2022 Acquisitions, which are included in the Company's allocation of the real estate acquisitions presented above.
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2022 Real Estate Property Disposition
On February 10, 2022, the Company sold one land parcel that formerly contained a healthcare property, or the 2022 Disposition, for a sale price of $24,000,000 and generated net proceeds of $22,701,000. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized a gain on sale of $460,000, which is presented in gain on real estate disposition in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Investment Risk Concentrations
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had one exposure to geographic concentration that accounted for greater than 10.0% of rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022. Real estate investments located in the Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, Texas metropolitan statistical area accounted for 11.0% of rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022.
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had one exposure to tenant concentration that accounted for greater than 10.0% of rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022. The leases with tenants at properties under the common control of Post Acute Medical, LLC and its affiliates accounted for 15.2% of rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Impairments of Real Estate, Goodwill, Acquired Intangible Assets and Acquired Intangible Liabilities
During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company determined that triggering events occurred at several of its properties as a result of changes in market conditions and its tenants experiencing financial difficulties. As a result, the Company recorded impairment losses on real estate, including goodwill, in the aggregate amount of $47,424,000 related to its healthcare properties. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded an impairment of in-place lease intangible assets in the amount of approximately $4,345,000. The fair values of these properties were determined based on the guidance in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement. These impairments were allocated to the asset groups, for each respective property, on a pro-rata basis, which included land, buildings and improvements, and their related acquired intangible assets.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded impairment losses on real estate, including goodwill, in the aggregate amount of $27,837,000 related to one healthcare property held for use, one healthcare property classified as held for sale and one land parcel that formerly contained a healthcare property classified as held for sale. The fair value of the properties with impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2021, were determined based on the guidance in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement. These impairments were allocated to the asset groups, for each respective property, on a pro-rata basis, which included land, buildings and improvements, and their related acquired intangible assets. The impaired properties for the year ended December 31, 2021 have all been subsequently sold.
No impairment losses were recorded on real estate or goodwill during the year ended December 31, 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized impairments of in-place lease intangible assets in the amount of $1,504,000 and above-market lease intangible assets in the amount of approximately $344,000.
Impairments on real estate and goodwill are recorded as impairment losses in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Impairments of the in-place leases are included in depreciation and amortization in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Impairments of the above-market leases are recorded as an adjustment to rental revenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized impairments of lease intangibles of $1,215,000 related to a data center tenant, which is included in income from discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
The following table summarizes the rollforward of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 20172022 and 2016, respectively.2021 (amounts in thousands):
Year Ended
December 31,
20222021
Balance at beginning of year$23,284 $23,955 
Impairment losses(1,574)(671)
Balance at end of year$21,710 $23,284 
Note 4—Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations
On August 30, 2021, the Company entered into a purchase and sale agreement for the sale of one land parcel that formerly contained a healthcare property. The total amountpurchase and sale agreement required that the structures on the healthcare property be demolished prior to the sale. The structures on the property were demolished and the property consisted solely of all acquisition fees and costs is limited to 6.0%land as of
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December 31, 2021. The Company classified the land as held for sale as of December 31, 2021.The Company sold the land held for sale on February 10, 2022.
The following table presents the major classes of the contract purchase priceassets and liabilities held for sale as presented separately in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of a property. December 31, 2021 (amounts in thousands):
December 31, 2021
Assets:
Real estate:
Land$22,241 
Total real estate, net22,241 
Other assets, net329 
Assets held for sale$22,570 
Liabilities:
Accounts payable and other liabilities698 
Liabilities held for sale$698 
The contract purchase price is the amount actually paid or allocatedoperations reflected in respectincome from discontinued operations (which consisted solely of the


purchase, development, construction or improvement Company's former data center segment) on the consolidated statements of a property exclusive of acquisition fees and costs. Forcomprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 20172021 and 2016, acquisition fees2020, were as follows (amounts in thousands):
Year Ended
December 31,
20212020
Revenue:
Rental revenue$57,903 $110,755 
Lease termination revenue7,075 — 
Total revenue64,978 110,755 
Expenses:
Rental expenses15,737 28,346 
Asset management fees— 5,310 
Depreciation and amortization11,759 35,634 
Total expenses27,496 69,290 
Interest and other expense, net (1)
31,839 13,626 
Income from discontinued operations5,643 27,839 
Gain on real estate dispositions395,801 — 
Net income from discontinued operations attributable to common stockholders$401,444 $27,839 
(1)    Interest expense attributable to discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was $31,856,000 and $13,741,000, respectively, which related to notes payable on certain data center properties. On July 22, 2021, in connection with the Data Center Sale, the Company paid off all data center and healthcare related notes payable, with an outstanding principal balance of $450,806,000 at the time of repayment and incurred approximately $23,738,000 of debt extinguishment costs did not exceed 6.0%related to the data center properties.
Capital expenditures on a cash basis for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020 were $2,763,000 and $3,945,000, respectively, related to properties classified within discontinued operations.
There were no significant non-cash operating or investing activities for the properties classified within discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2021. Significant non-cash operating activities for properties classified within discontinued operations were $764,000 for the year ended December 31, 2020, which related to accrued utilities. There were no significant non-cash investing activities for the properties classified within discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.
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Table of the contract purchase price of the Company's acquisitions during such periods.Contents
Note 4—5—Acquired Intangible Assets, Net
Acquired intangible assets, net, consisted of the following as of December 31, 20172022 and 20162021 (amounts in thousands, except weighted average remaining life amounts):
 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
In-place leases, net of accumulated amortization of $21,776 and $7,918, respectively (with a weighted average remaining life of 11.0 years and 12.8 years, respectively)$148,594
 $97,232
Above-market leases, net of accumulated amortization of $358 and $58, respectively (with a weighted average remaining life of 2.8 years and 7.4 years, respectively)1,344
 196
Ground lease interest, net of accumulated amortization of $28 and $19, respectively (with a weighted average remaining life of 65.8 years and 66.8 years, respectively)616
 625
 $150,554
 $98,053
 December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
In-place leases, net of accumulated amortization of $83,788 and $66,579, respectively (with a weighted average remaining life of 8.9 years and 9.5 years, respectively)$155,365 $168,012 
Above-market leases, net of accumulated amortization of $6,451 and $4,488, respectively (with a weighted average remaining life of 7.9 years and 8.8 years, respectively)12,118 13,627 
$167,483 $181,639 
The aggregate weighted average remaining life of the acquired intangible assets was 11.28.8 years and 13.19.5 years as of December 31, 20172022 and December 31, 2016,2021, respectively.
Amortization of the acquired intangible assets was $27,389,000, $23,157,000 and $23,876,000 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162022, 2021 and 2015 was $14,167,000, $5,987,000 and $1,950,000,2020, respectively. Amortization of the above-market leases is recorded as an adjustment to rental and parking revenue, amortization expense for the in-place leases is included in depreciation and amortization, and amortization expense for the ground lease interestof above-market leases is included inrecorded as an adjustment to rental and parking expensesrevenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).income.
Estimated amortization expense on the acquired intangible assets as of December 31, 20172022, for each of the next five years ending December 31 and thereafter, is as follows (amounts in thousands):
YearAmount
2023$22,221 
202421,195 
202519,204 
202617,503 
202715,926 
Thereafter71,434 
$167,483 
Note 6—Acquired Intangible Liabilities, Net
Acquired intangible liabilities, net, consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (amounts in thousands, except weighted average remaining life amounts):
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Below-market leases, net of accumulated amortization of $5,923 and $4,444, respectively (with a weighted average remaining life of 8.4 years and 9.3 years, respectively)$11,946 $12,962 
Amortization of below-market leases was $1,479,000, $1,322,000 and $1,207,000 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Amortization of below-market leases is recorded as an adjustment to rental revenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Estimated amortization of the acquired intangible liabilities as of December 31, 2022, for each of the next five years ending December 31 and thereafter, are as follows (amounts in thousands):
YearAmount
2023$1,494 
20241,494 
20251,494 
20261,475 
20271,450 
Thereafter4,539 
$11,946 
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Note 7—Leases
Lessor
Rental Revenue
The Company’s real estate properties are leased to tenants under operating leases with varying terms. Typically, the leases have provisions to extend the terms of the lease agreements. The Company retains substantially all of the risks and benefits of ownership of the real estate properties leased to tenants.
Future rent to be received from the Company's investments in real estate assets under the terms of non-cancellable operating leases in effect as of December 31, 2022, for each of the next five years ending December 31 and thereafter, are as follows (amounts in thousands):
YearAmount
2023$172,907 
2024174,299 
2025170,346 
2026163,441 
2027159,797 
Thereafter938,204 
Total$1,778,994 
Year Amount
2018 $18,547
2019 17,933
2020 15,861
2021 15,064
2022 12,658
Thereafter 70,491
  $150,554

Lessee

The Company is subject to various non-cancellable operating ground lease agreements on which certain of its properties reside. In addition, the Company has non-cancellable corporate-related operating leases.
Note 5—Intangible Lease Liabilities, Net
Intangible lease liabilities, net, consistedThe Company's operating leases do not provide implicit interest rates. In order to calculate the present value of the followingremaining operating payments, the Company used incremental borrowing rates, or IBRs, adjusted for a number of factors. The determination of an appropriate IBR involves multiple inputs and judgments. The Company determined its IBRs considering the general economic environment, term of the underlying leases, and various financing and asset specific adjustments to ensure the IBRs are appropriate for the intended use of the underlying operating leases.
The Company's right-of-use assets classified as operating leases are recorded in right-of-use assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
The future rent payments, discounted by the Company's IBRs, under non-cancellable leases in effect as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (amounts in thousands, except weighted average life amounts):
 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Below-market leases, net of accumulated amortization of $2,760 and $634, respectively (with a weighted average remaining life of 18.7 years and 13.6 years, respectively)$61,294
 $6,873

$61,294
 $6,873
Amortization of below-market leases for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $2,126,000, $536,000 and $98,000, respectively. Amortization of below-market leases is recorded as an adjustment to rental and parking revenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
Estimated amortization of the below-market leases as of December 31, 2017 and2022, for each of the next five years ending December 31 and thereafter, are as follows (amounts in thousands):
YearOperating
2023$2,675 
20242,746 
20252,768 
20262,715 
20272,681 
Thereafter107,456 
Total undiscounted rental payments121,041 
Less imputed interest(79,487)
Total lease liabilities$41,554 
Weighted average IBR5.5 %
Weighted average remaining lease term37.5 years
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Year Amount
2018 $4,883
2019 4,883
2020 4,827
2021 4,799
2022 3,708
Thereafter 38,194
  $61,294
The following table provides details of the Company's total lease costs for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (amounts in thousands):
Year Ended
December 31,
Location in Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income202220212020
Operating lease costs:
Ground lease costs (1)
Rental expenses$2,246 $1,846 $1,741 
Ground lease costs (2)
Income from discontinued operations— 414 880 
Corporate operating lease costsGeneral and administrative expenses741 1,129 264 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases$531 $1,067 $270 
(1)The Company receives reimbursements from tenants for certain operating ground leases, which are recorded as rental revenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
(2)Amount relates to lease costs attributable to operating ground leases related to data center properties disposed of in the Data Center Sale on July 22, 2021.
Note 6—8—Other Assets Net
Other assets net consisted of the following as of December 31, 20172022 and 20162021 (amounts in thousands):
 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Deferred financing costs, related to the revolver portion of the secured credit facility, net of accumulated amortization of $3,426 and $1,789, respectively$1,850
 $3,071
Real estate escrow deposits100
 290
Restricted cash10,944
 6,463
Tenant receivables4,916
 3,126
Straight-line rent receivable19,321
 8,725
Prepaid and other assets6,117
 1,082
Derivative assets3,934
 1,782
 $47,182
 $24,539

 December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Deferred financing costs, related to the revolver portion of the credit facility, net of accumulated amortization of $889 and $8,332, respectively$3,178 $482 
Leasing commissions, net of accumulated amortization of $167 and $121, respectively775 780 
Restricted cash166 521 
Tenant receivables1,736 1,851 
Straight-line rent receivable62,457 55,725 
Prepaid and other assets3,865 4,835 
Derivative assets27,990 2,171 
$100,167 $66,365 
Amortization of deferred financing costs related to the revolver portion of the secured credit facility for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162022, 2021, and 20152020 was $1,637,000, $987,000$1,087,000, $1,430,000 and $719,000,$1,206,000, respectively, which was recorded as interest and other expense, net, in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

income.

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Note 7—9—Accounts Payable and Other Liabilities
Accounts payable and other liabilities consisted of the following as of December 31, 20172022 and 2021 (amounts in thousands):
 December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$5,387 $9,409 
Accrued interest expense1,941 1,626 
Accrued property taxes2,421 2,913 
Accrued personnel costs3,940 4,198 
Distribution and servicing fees— 182 
Distributions payable to stockholders7,719 7,355 
Performance DSUs distributions payable573 394 
Tenant deposits877 802 
Deferred rental income7,761 7,100 
Derivative liabilities— 5,618 
$30,619 $39,597 
Note 10—Credit Facility
The Company's outstanding credit facility as of December 31, 2016, were comprised2022 and 2021 consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):
Weighted
Average Contractual Rate
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Variable rate revolving line of credit5.47%$8,000 $— 
Variable rate term loans fixed through interest rate swaps2.95%485,000 400,000 
Variable rate term loans5.47%90,000 100,000 
Total credit facility, principal amount outstanding3.37%583,000 500,000 
Unamortized deferred financing costs related to the term loan credit facility(2,412)(3,226)
Total credit facility, net of deferred financing costs$580,588 $496,774 
 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$13,220
 $7,657
Accrued interest expense2,410
 945
Accrued property taxes1,532
 1,164
Distributions payable to stockholders6,566
 4,336
Tenant deposits682
 1,551
Deferred rental income3,277
 733
Derivative liabilities22
 798
 $27,709
 $17,184
Note 8—Notes Payable
The Company had $468,135,000 principal outstanding in notes payable collateralized by real estate assets as of December 31, 2017. As of December 31, 2017, the notes payable weighted average interest rate was 4.42%.
The following table summarizes the notes payable balances as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 (amounts in thousands):
     
Interest Rates (1)
    
Notes payable:December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Range Weighted
Average
 Maturity Date
Fixed rate notes payable$220,436
 $51,000
 4.0%-4.8% 4.3% 12/11/2021-07/01/2027
Variable rate notes payable fixed through interest rate swaps247,699
 71,540
 3.7%-5.1% 4.6% 10/28/2021-11/16/2022
Variable rate notes payable
 30,450
 
 
 
Total notes payable, principal amount outstanding$468,135
 $152,990
          
Unamortized deferred financing costs related to notes payable(4,393) (1,945)          
Total notes payable, net of deferred financing costs$463,742
 $151,045
          
(1)Range of interest rates and weighted average interest rates are as of December 31, 2017.
Significant debt activityactivities regarding the credit facility during the year ended December 31, 2017, excluding scheduled principal payments, includes:2022, include:
On February 15, 2022, the Company, the Operating Partnership and certain of the Company's subsidiaries, entered into a senior unsecured revolving credit agreement, or the Revolving Credit Agreement, with Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent for the lenders, for aggregate commitments available of up to $500,000,000, which may be increased, subject to lender approval, through incremental term loans and/or revolving loan commitments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1,000,000,000. The maturity date for the Revolving Credit Agreement is February 15, 2026, which, at the Company's election, may be extended for a period of six-months on no more than two occasions, subject to certain conditions, including a payment of an extension fee. The Revolving Credit Agreement was entered into to replace the Company's prior $500,000,000 revolving line of credit, which had a maturity date of April 27, 2022, with the option to extend for one twelve-month period. The Company did not exercise the option to extend. Upon closing of the Revolving Credit Agreement, the Company extinguished all commitments associated with the prior revolving line of credit. Simultaneously with the Revolving Credit Agreement’s execution, on February 15, 2022, the Company, the Operating Partnership, and certain of the Company's subsidiaries, entered into a senior unsecured term loan agreement, or the 2024 Term Loan Agreement, with Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent for the lenders. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement was fully funded at closing, and is made up of aggregate commitments of $300,000,000, which may be increased, subject to lender approval, to an aggregate amount not to exceed $600,000,000. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement has a maturity date of December 31, 2024, and, at the Company's election, may be extended for a period of six-months on no more than two occasions, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including a payment of an extension fee. The 2024 Term Loan Agreement was entered into to replace the Company's prior term loan, which was paid off in its entirety upon closing of the Revolving Credit Agreement and the 2024 Term Loan Agreement.
In connection with the repayment of our prior credit facility, the Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $3,367,000 during the year ended December 31, 2022, which included loan costs in the amount of $4,000 and accelerated
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unamortized debt issuance costs of $3,363,000. The loss on extinguishment of debt was recognized in interest and other expense, net, in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
On April 8, 2022, the Company entered into five interest rate swap agreements, two of which have an effective date of May 2, 2022 and an aggregate notional amount of $85,000,000, and three of which have an effective date of May 1, 2023 and an aggregate notional amount of $150,000,000.
On May 17, 2022, the Company, the Operating Partnership and certain of the Company’s subsidiaries, entered into a new senior unsecured term loan agreement, or the 2028 Term Loan Agreement, with Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent for the lenders, for aggregate commitments of up to $275,000,000, of which $205,000,000 was drawn at closing to pay down the Company’s Revolving Credit Agreement in its entirety. The remainder of the commitments were available for three months following the closing date, or the Availability Period, and were available in no more than three subsequent draws with a minimum of $20,000,000 per draw, or the remaining commitments available. After the Availability Period, the undrawn portion was no longer available. If the committed amount was not fully drawn within 60 days of closing, the Company was required to pay a fee to the lenders, calculated as 0.25% per annum on the average daily amount of the undrawn portion, payable quarterly in arrears, until the earlier of (i) the date when the commitments have been funded in full, or (ii) August 17, 2022. The 2028 Term Loan Agreement may be increased, subject to lender approval, to an aggregate amount not to exceed $500,000,000 and has a maturity date of January 31, 2028. The 2028 Term Loan Agreement is pari passu with the Company’s Revolving Credit Agreement and 2024 Term Loan Agreement. The Company refers to the 2028 Term Loan Agreement, the Revolving Credit Agreement and the 2024 Term Loan Agreement, collectively, as the “Unsecured Credit Facility,” which has aggregate commitments available of $1,075,000,000.
On July 12, 2022 and July 20, 2022, the Company drew $50,000,000 and $20,000,000, respectively, on the 2028 Term Loan Agreement, to fund acquisitions. As of July 20, 2022, the 2028 Term Loan Agreement commitments were fully funded.
During the year ended December 31, 2017,2022, the Company entered into seven notes payable collateralized by real estate assets indrew $70,000,000 on the principal amount of $309,452,000 at initiation ofRevolving Credit Agreement to fund acquisitions and repaid $57,000,000 on the respective loansRevolving Credit Agreement, with proceeds from dispositions and assumed a note payable collateralized by a real estate asset in the principal amount of $5,736,000 at the acquisition date.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company entered into four interest rate swap agreements of variable rate notes payable in the aggregate amount of $145,752,000.cash flows from operations.
The principal payments due on the notes payableUnsecured Credit Facility as of December 31, 2017 and2022, for each of the next five years ending December 31 and thereafter, are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Year Total Amount
2018 $413
2019 1,971
2020 4,536
2021 155,119
2022 164,972
Thereafter 141,124
  $468,135


Note 9—Credit Facility
The Company's outstanding secured credit facility as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):
  December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Secured credit facility:    
Revolving line of credit $120,000
 $120,000
Term loan 100,000
 100,000
Total secured credit facility, principal amount outstanding 220,000
 220,000
Unamortized deferred financing costs related to the term loan secured credit facility (601) (876)
Total secured credit facility, net of deferred financing costs $219,399
 $219,124
Significant activities regarding the secured credit facility during the year ended December 31, 2017 include:
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company drew $240,000,000 and repaid $240,000,000 on its secured credit facility.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company increased the borrowing base availability under the secured credit facility by $116,431,000 by adding 12 properties to the aggregate pool availability and removed a property from the collateralized pool, which decreased the aggregate pool availability by $18,645,000. This resulted in the net increase of the borrowing base availability of $97,786,000.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company entered into four interest rate swap agreements to effectively fix the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, on $75,000,000 of the term loan of the secured credit facility.
As of December 31, 2017, the Company had an aggregate pool availability under the secured credit facility of $397,842,000 and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $220,000,000. As of December 31, 2017, $177,842,000 remained to be drawn on the secured credit facility.
The principal payments due on the secured credit facility as of December 31, 2017 and for each of the next five years ending December 31 and thereafter, are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Year Amount
2018 $120,000
2019 100,000
  $220,000
YearAmount
2023$— 
2024300,000 
2025— 
20268,000 
2027— 
Thereafter275,000 
$583,000 
The proceeds of the loans made under the secured credit facilityUnsecured Credit Facility may be used to finance the acquisitionspurchase of real estate investments,properties, for tenant improvements and leasing commissions with respect to real estate, for repayment of indebtedness, for capital expenditures with respect to real estate, and for general corporate and working capital purposes. As of December 31, 2017,The Company may prepay the maximum commitments available under the secured credit facility were $425,000,000, consisting of a $325,000,000 revolving line of credit, with a maturity date of December 22, 2018, subject to the Company's right to two, 12-month extension periods, and a $100,000,000 term loan, with a maturity date of December 22, 2019, subject to the Company's right to one, 12-month extension period. The secured credit facility can be increased to $550,000,000,loans at any time, subject to certain conditions.notice requirements.
The annual interest rate payableAt the Company’s election, loans under the secured credit facility was, at the Operating Partnership's option, either: (a) LIBOR, plus anUnsecured Credit Facility may be made as Base Rate Loans or Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR, Loans. The applicable margin for loans that are Base Rate Loans is adjustable based on a total leverage ratio, ranging from 2.00%0.25% to 2.65%, which0.90%. The applicable margin for loans that are SOFR Loans is determinedadjustable based on the overalla total leverage of the Operating Partnership or (b) a base rate, which means, for any day, a fluctuating rate per annum equal to the prime rate for such day plus an applicable marginratio, ranging from 1.00%1.25% to 1.65%, which is determined based on the overall leverage of the Operating Partnership. 1.90%.
In addition to interest, the Operating PartnershipCompany is required to pay a fee on the unused portion of the lenders’ commitments under the secured credit facilityRevolving Credit Agreement at a rate per annum rate equal to 0.30% if the average daily amount outstanding under the secured credit facility is less than 50% of the lenders’ commitments or 0.20% if the average daily amount outstanding under the secured credit facilityRevolving Credit Agreement is less than 50% of the aggregate commitments, or 0.15% if the average daily amount outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement is equal to or greater than 50% of the lenders’ commitments, and theaggregate commitments. The unused fee is payable quarterly in arrears. As
The Unsecured Credit Facility contains customary financial and operating covenants, including covenants relating to a maximum consolidated leverage ratio, maximum secured leverage ratio, fixed charge coverage ratio, minimum consolidated
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Table of December 31, 2017,Contents
tangible net worth, maximum distribution/payout ratio, covenants restricting the interest rate onissuance of debt, imposition of liens, and entering into affiliate transactions.
Note 11—Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, tenant receivables, prepaid and other assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities—The Company considers the variable rate portioncarrying values of these financial instruments, assets and liabilities, to approximate fair value because of the short period of time between origination of the instruments and their expected realization.
Credit facility—The outstanding principal of the credit facility was 3.70%$583,000,000 and the interest rate on the variable rate fixed through interest rate swap on the credit facility was 3.71%.
The actual amount of credit available under the secured credit facility is a function of certain loan-to-cost, loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios contained in the secured credit facility agreement. The amount of credit available under the secured credit facility will be a maximum principal amount of the$500,000,000, which approximated its fair value of the assets that are included in the pool availability. The obligations of the Operating Partnership with respectdue to the secured credit facility agreement are guaranteed by the


Company, including but not limited to, the payment of any outstanding indebtedness under the secured credit facility agreement and all terms, conditions and covenants of the secured credit facility agreement, as further discussed below.
The secured credit facility agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants that are customary for credit facilities and transactions of this type, including limitations on the incurrence of debt by the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries that own properties that serve as collateral for the secured credit facility, limitations on thevariable nature of the Operating Partnership’s business, and limitations on distributions by the Company, the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries. The secured credit facility agreement imposes the following financial covenants, which are specifically defined in the secured credit facility agreement, on the Operating Partnership: (a) maximum ratio of indebtedness to gross asset value; (b) minimum ratio of adjusted consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization to consolidated fixed charges; (c) minimum tangible net worth; (d) minimum liquidity thresholds; (e) minimum quarterly equity raise; (f) minimum weighted average remaining lease term of properties in the collateral pool; and (g) minimum number of properties in the collateral pool. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenant requirements at December 31, 2017.
Note 10—Related-Party Transactions and Arrangements
The Company reimburses the Advisor and its affiliates for organization and offering expenses it incurs on the Company’s behalf, but only to the extent the reimbursement would not cause the selling commissions, dealer manager fees, distribution and servicing fees and other organization and offering expenses to exceed 15.0% of the gross proceeds of the Initial Offering and the Offering. Organization and offering expenses associated with the Initial Offering (other than selling commissions, dealer manager fees and distribution and servicing fees) were approximately 2.0% of the gross proceeds. The Company expects that organization and offering expenses associated with the Offering (other than selling commissions, dealer manager fees and distribution and servicing fees) will be approximately 1.5% of the gross proceeds. As of December 31, 2017, since inception, the Advisor and its affiliates incurred approximately $17,669,000 on the Company’s behalf in offering costs, the majority of which was incurred by the Dealer Manager. Of this amount, approximately $167,000 of other organization and offering costs remained accruedterms as of December 31, 2017. As of December 31, 2017, since inception, the Advisor paid approximately $453,000 to an affiliate of the Dealer Manager in other offering costs on the Company's behalf. Other organization expenses are expensed as incurred2022 and offering costs are charged to stockholders’ equity as incurred.2021, respectively.
The Company pays to the Advisor 2.0% of the contract purchase price of each property or asset acquired. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company incurred approximately $11,936,000, $11,515,000 and $7,486,000, respectively, in acquisition fees to the Advisor or its affiliates. In addition, the Company reimburses the Advisor for acquisition expenses incurred in connection with the selection and acquisition of properties or real estate-related investments (including expenses relating to potential investments that the Company does not close), such as legal fees and expenses, costs of real estate due diligence, appraisals, non-refundable option payments on properties not acquired, travel and communications expenses, accounting fees and expenses and title insurance premiums, whether or not the property was acquired. The Company expects these expenses will be approximately 0.75% of the purchase price of each property or real estate-related investment.
The Company pays to the Advisor an asset management fee calculated on a monthly basis in an amount equal to 1/12th of 0.75% of gross assets (including amounts borrowed), which is payable monthly in arrears. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company incurred approximately $9,963,000, $4,925,000 and $1,895,000, respectively, in asset management fees.
In connection with the rental, leasing, operation and management of the Company’s properties, the Company pays the Property Manager and its affiliates aggregate fees equal to 3.0% of gross revenues from the properties managed, or property management fees. The Company will reimburse the Property Manager and its affiliates for property-level expenses that any of them pay or incur on the Company’s behalf, including salaries, bonuses and benefits of persons employed by the Property Manager and its affiliates except for the salaries, bonuses and benefits of persons who also serve as one of its executive officers. The Property Manager and its affiliates may subcontract the performance of their duties to third parties and pay all or a portion of the property management fee to the third parties with whom they contract for these services. If the Company contracts directly with third parties for such services, it will pay them customary market fees and may pay the Property Manager an oversight fee equal to 1.0% of the gross revenues of the properties managed. In no event will the Company pay the Property Manager or any affiliate both a property management fee and an oversight fee with respect to any particular property. The Company also will pay the Property Manager a separate fee for the one-time initial rent-up, leasing-up of newly constructed properties or re-leasing to existing tenants. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company incurred approximately $3,249,000, $1,473,000 and $538,000, respectively, in property management fees to the Property Manager, which are recorded in rental and parking expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 the Company incurred $907,000, $0 and $0, respectively, in leasing commissions to the Property Manager. Leasing commission fees are capitalized in other assets, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.


For acting as general contractor and/or construction manager to supervise or coordinate projects or to provide major repairs or rehabilitation on our properties, the Company may pay the Property Manager up to 5.0% of the cost of the projects, repairs and/or rehabilitation, as applicable, or construction management fees. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company incurred approximately $719,000, $754,000 and $0, respectively, in construction management fees to the Property Manager. Construction management fees are capitalized in real estate, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
The Company reimburses the Advisor for all expenses it paid or incurred in connection with the services provided to the Company, subject to certain limitations. Expenses in excess of the operating expenses in the four immediately preceding quarters that exceeds the greater of (a) 2.0% of average invested assets or (b) 25% of net income, subject to certain adjustments, will not be reimbursed unless the independent directors determine such excess expenses are justified. The Company will not reimburse the Advisor for personnel costs in connection with services for which the Advisor receives an acquisition fee or a disposition fee. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Advisor allocated approximately $1,543,000, $1,257,000 and $830,000, respectively, in operating expenses to the Company, which are recorded in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
On May 15, 2017, the Advisor employed Gael Ragone, who is the daughter of John E. Carter, our chief executive officer and chairman of our board of directors, as Vice President of Product Management of Carter Validus Advisors II, LLC. The Company directly reimburses the Advisor any amounts of Ms. Ragone's salary that are allocated to the Company. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Advisor allocated approximately $98,000, which is included in general and administrative expenses in the Company's consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
The Company will pay its Advisor, or its affiliates, if it provides a substantial amount of services (as determined by a majority of the Company’s independent directors) in connection with the sale of properties, a disposition fee, equal to up to the lesser of 1.0% of the contract sales price and one-half of the total brokerage commission paid if a third party broker is also involved, without exceeding the lesser of 6.0% of the contract sales price or a reasonable, customary and competitive real estate commission. As of December 31, 2017, the Company has not incurred any disposition fees to the Advisor or its affiliates.
Upon the sale of the Company, the Advisor will receive 15% of the remaining net sale proceeds after return of capital contributions plus payment to investors of a 6.0% annual cumulative, non-compounded return on the capital contributed by investors, or the subordinated participation in net sale proceeds. As of December 31, 2017, the Company has not incurred any subordinated participation in net sale proceeds to the Advisor or its affiliates.
Upon the listing of the Company’s shares on a national securities exchange, the Advisor will receive 15.0% of the amount by which the sum of the Company’s adjusted market value plus distributions exceeds the sum of the aggregate capital contributed by investors plus an amount equal to a 6.0% annual cumulative, non-compounded return to investors, or the subordinated incentive listing fee. As of December 31, 2017, the Company has not incurred any subordinated incentive listing fees to the Advisor or its affiliates.
Upon termination or non-renewal of the advisory agreement, with or without cause, the Advisor will be entitled to receive subordinated termination fees from the Operating Partnership equal to 15% of the amount by which the sum of the Company’s adjusted market value plus distributions exceeds the sum of the aggregate capital contributed by investors plus an amount equal to an annual 6.0% cumulative, non-compounded return to investors. In addition, the Advisor may elect to defer its right to receive a subordinated termination fee upon termination until either shares of the Company’s common stock are listed and traded on a national securities exchange or another liquidity event occurs. As of December 31, 2017, the Company has not incurred any subordinated termination fees to the Advisor or its affiliates.
The Company pays the Dealer Manager selling commissions of up to 7.0% of the gross offering proceeds per Class A share and up to 3.0% of gross offering proceeds per Class T share. All selling commissions are expected to be re-allowed to participating broker-dealers. The Company does not pay selling commissions with respect to Class I shares and shares of any class sold pursuant to the DRIP. In addition, the Company pays the Dealer Manager a dealer manager fee of up to 3.0% of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class A and Class T shares. The Dealer Manager may receive up to 2.0% of the gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class I shares as a dealer manager fee, of which 1.0% will be funded by our Advisor without reimbursement from us. The 1.0% of the dealer manager fee paid from offering proceeds will be waived in the event an investor purchases Class I shares through a registered investment advisor that is not affiliated with a broker dealer. The dealer manager fee may be partially re-allowed to participating broker-dealers. No dealer manager fees will be paid in connection with purchases of shares of any class made pursuant to the DRIP. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company incurred approximately $22,713,000, $24,546,000 and $38,163,000, respectively, for selling commissions and dealer manager fees in connection with the Offerings to the Dealer Manager.
The Company pays the Dealer Manager a distribution and servicing fee with respect to its Class T shares that are sold in the primary offering of the Offerings that accrues daily in an amount equal to 1/365th of 1.0% of the most recent offering price per Class T share sold in the primary offering on a continuous basis from year to year; provided, however, that upon the


termination of the primary offering of the Offerings, the distribution and servicing fee will accrue daily in an amount equal to 1/365th of 1.0% of the most recent estimated NAV per Class T share on a continuous basis from year to year. The Dealer Manager will reallow all of the distribution and servicing fees with respect to Class T shares sold in the Offerings to participating broker-dealers; provided, however, effective June 1, 2017, a participating broker-dealer may give written notice to the Dealer Manager that it waives all or a portion of the reallowance of the distribution and servicing fee, which waiver shall be irrevocable and will not retroactively apply to Class T shares that were previously sold through such participating broker-dealer. Termination of such payment will commence on the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of the Class T shares on a national securities exchange, (ii) following the completion of the Offerings, the date on which total underwriting compensation in the Offerings equals (a) 10% of the gross proceeds from our Offerings less (b) the total amount of distribution and servicing fees waived by participating broker-dealers; (iii) the date on which there are no longer any Class T shares outstanding; (iv) December 31, 2021, which is the fourth anniversary of the last day of the fiscal quarter in which the Company's primary offering of the Initial Offering terminates; or (v) the date on which the holder of such Class T share or its agent notifies the Company or its agent that he or she is represented by a new participating broker-dealer; provided that the Company will continue paying the distribution and servicing fee, which shall be re-allowed to the new participating broker-dealer; if the new participating broker-dealer enters into a participating broker-dealer agreement with the Dealer Manager or otherwise agrees to provide the services set forth in the dealer manager agreement.
The distribution and servicing fee is paid monthly in arrears. The distribution and servicing fee will not be payable with respect to Class T shares issued under the DRIP or in connection with Class A shares and Class I shares. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company incurred approximately $9,617,000, $6,213,000 and $0, respectively, in distribution and servicing fees to the Dealer Manager in connection with the Offerings.
Accounts Payable Due to Affiliates
The following amounts were due to affiliates as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (amounts in thousands):
Entity Fee December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Carter Validus Advisors II, LLC and its affiliates Asset management fees $1,017
 $627
Carter Validus Real Estate Management Services II, LLC Property management fees 463
 252
Carter Validus Real Estate Management Services II, LLC Construction management fees 39
 323
Carter Validus Advisors II, LLC and its affiliates General and administrative costs 182
 138
Carter Validus Advisors II, LLC and its affiliates Offering costs 167
 289
SC Distributors, LLC Distribution and servicing fees 13,376
 5,750
Carter Validus Advisors II, LLC and its affiliates Acquisition expenses and fees 5
 5

   $15,249
 $7,384
Note 11—Segment Reporting
Management reviews the performance of individual properties and aggregates individual properties based on operating criteria into two reportable segments—commercial real estate investments in data centers and healthcare, and makes operating decisions based on these two reportable segments. The Company’s commercial real estate investments in data centers and healthcare are based on certain underwriting assumptions and operating criteria, which are different for data centers and healthcare. There were no intersegment sales or transfers during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.
The Company evaluates performance based on net operating income of the individual properties in each segment. Net operating income, a non-GAAP financial measure, is defined as total revenues, less rental and parking expenses, which excludes depreciation and amortization, general and administrative expenses, acquisition related expenses, asset management fees and interest expense, net. The Company believes that segment net operating income serves as a useful supplement to net income (loss) because it allows investors and management to measure unlevered property-level operating results and to compare operating results to the operating results of other real estate companies between periods on a consistent basis. Segment net operating income should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) determined in accordance with GAAP as an indicator of financial performance, and accordingly, the Company believes that in order to facilitate a clear understanding of the consolidated historical operating results, segment net operating income should be examined in conjunction with net income (loss) as presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and data included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.


General and administrative expenses, acquisition related expenses, asset management fees, depreciation and amortization and interest expense, net are not allocated to individual segments for purposes of assessing segment performance.
Non-segment assets primarily consist of corporate assets, including cash and cash equivalents, real estate and escrow deposits, deferred financing costs attributable to the revolving line of credit portion of the Company's secured credit facility and other assets not attributable to individual properties.
Summary information for the reportable segments during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, is as follows (amounts in thousands):
 Data Centers Healthcare For the Year Ended
December 31, 2017
Revenue:     
Rental, parking and tenant reimbursement revenue$62,377
 $62,718
 $125,095
Expenses:     
Rental and parking expenses(17,571) (8,525) (26,096)
Segment net operating income$44,806
 $54,193
 98,999
      
Expenses:     
General and administrative expenses    (4,069)
Asset management fees    (9,963)
Depreciation and amortization    (41,133)
Income from operations    43,834
Interest expense, net    (22,555)
Net income attributable to common stockholders    $21,279
 Data Centers Healthcare For the Year Ended
December 31, 2016
Revenue:     
Rental, parking and tenant reimbursement revenue$12,929
 $43,502
 $56,431
Expenses:     
Rental and parking expenses(2,509) (5,655) (8,164)
Segment net operating income$10,420
 $37,847
 48,267

     
Expenses:     
General and administrative expenses    (3,105)
Acquisition related expenses    (5,339)
Asset management fees    (4,925)
Depreciation and amortization    (19,211)
Income from operations    15,687
Interest expense, net    (4,390)
Net income attributable to common stockholders    $11,297


 Data Centers Healthcare For the Year Ended
December 31, 2015
Revenue:     
Rental, parking and tenant reimbursement revenue$1,618
 $19,668
 $21,286
Expenses:     
Rental and parking expenses(301) (2,535) (2,836)
Segment net operating income$1,317
 $17,133
 18,450
      
Expenses:     
General and administrative expenses    (2,133)
Acquisition related expenses    (10,250)
Asset management fees    (1,895)
Depreciation and amortization    (7,053)
Loss from operations    (2,881)
Interest expense, net    (1,886)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders    $(4,767)
Assets by each reportable segment as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are as follows (amounts in thousands):
 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Assets by segment:   
Data centers$909,477
 $362,969
Healthcare813,742
 653,416
All other54,725
 53,653
Total assets$1,777,944
 $1,070,038
Capital additions and acquisitions by reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 are as follows (amounts in thousands):
 For the Year Ended
December 31,
 2017 2016 2015
Capital additions and acquisitions by segment:     
Data centers$472,438
 $314,030
 $43,815
Healthcare164,445
 229,670
 331,853
Total capital additions and acquisitions$636,883
 $543,700
 $375,668


Note 12—Future Minimum Rent
Rental Income
The Company’s real estate assets are leased to tenants under operating leases with varying terms. The leases frequently have provisions to extend the terms of the lease agreements. The Company retains substantially all of the risks and benefits of ownership of the real estate assets leased to tenants.
The future minimum rent to be received from the Company’s investment in real estate assets under non-cancelable operating leases, including optional renewal periods for which exercise is reasonably assured, as of December 31, 2017 and for each of the next five years ending December 31 and thereafter, are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Year Amount
2018 $121,222
2019 123,235
2020 122,834
2021 124,652
2022 119,775
Thereafter 986,532
  $1,598,250
Rental Expense
The Company has ground lease obligations that generally require fixed annual rental payments and may also include escalation clauses and renewal options.
The future minimum rent obligations under non-cancelable ground leases as of December 31, 2017 and for each of the next five years ended December 31 and thereafter, are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Year Amount
2018 $38
2019 38
2020 38
2021 37
2022 37
Thereafter 2,444
  $2,632
Note 13—Fair Value
Notes payable—Fixed Rate—The estimated fair value of notes payablefixed rate measured using observable inputs from similar liabilities (Level 2) was approximately $211,011,000 and $49,930,000 as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, as compared to the outstanding principal of $220,436,000 and $51,000,000 as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The estimated fair value of notes payablevariable rate fixed through interest rate swap agreements (Level 2) was approximately $243,812,000 and $69,247,000 as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, as compared to the outstanding principal of $247,699,000 and $71,540,000 as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Notes payable—Variable—The outstanding principal of the notes payablevariable was $0 and $30,450,000 as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, which approximated its fair value. The fair value of the Company's variable rate notes payable is estimated based on the interest rates currently offered to the Company by financial institutions.
Secured credit facility—The outstanding principal of the secured credit facility—variable was $120,000,000 and $195,000,000, which approximated its fair value as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The fair value of the Company's variable rate secured credit facility is estimated based on the interest rates currently offered to the Company by its financial institutions.
Derivative instrumentsThe estimatedCompany’s derivative instruments consist of interest rate swaps. These swaps are carried at fair value to comply with the provisions of ASC 820. The fair value of the secured credit facility—variable rate fixed throughthese instruments is determined using interest rate swap agreements (Level 2) was approximately $98,593,000 and $24,195,000 as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, as compared to the outstanding principal of $100,000,000 and $25,000,000 as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.


Derivative instruments—Considerable judgment is necessary to develop estimated fair values of financial instruments. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amount the Company could realize, or be liable for, on disposition of the financial instruments.market pricing models. The Company hasincorporated credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect the Company’s nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. The Company determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its interest rate swaps fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The credit valuation adjustments associated with these instruments utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads, to evaluate the likelihood of default by the Company and the respective counterparty. However, as of December 31, 2017,2022, the Company has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of its interest rate swaps. As a result, the Company determined that its interest rate swaps valuation in its entirety is classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Considerable judgment is necessary to develop estimated fair values of financial assets and liabilities. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize or be liable for on disposition of the financial assets and liabilities.
The following table showstables show the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 20172022 and December 31, 20162021 (amounts in thousands):
 December 31, 2022
 Fair Value Hierarchy 
 Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
Total Fair
Value
Assets:
Derivative assets$— $27,990 $— $27,990 
Total assets at fair value$— $27,990 $— $27,990 
 December 31, 2021
 Fair Value Hierarchy 
 Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
Total Fair
Value
Assets:
Derivative assets$— $2,171 $— $2,171 
Total assets at fair value$— $2,171 $— $2,171 
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities$— $5,618 $— $5,618 
Total liabilities at fair value$— $5,618 $— $5,618 
Derivative assets and liabilities are reported in the consolidated balance sheets as other assets, and accounts payable and other liabilities, respectively.
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 December 31, 2017
 Fair Value Hierarchy  
 Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
 Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
 Total Fair
Value
Assets:       
Derivative assets$
 $3,934
 $
 $3,934
Total assets at fair value$
 $3,934
 $
 $3,934
Liabilities:       
Derivative liabilities$
 $22
 $
 $22
Total liabilities at fair value$
 $22
 $
 $22
Real Estate Assets—Due to the impairment of real estate assets which occurred during the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company has estimated the fair values of these assets using significant unobservable inputs through particular valuation techniques (Level 3). The fair values of real estate assets were determined by using comparable sales information. The comparable sales technique uses estimates of properties similar to the subject property and adjusts those using actual sales of comparable properties for differences in characteristics. The nature and amount of the adjustments made for the difference in characteristics were considered significant and thus are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
The following table shows the fair value of the Company's real estate assets, including acquired intangible assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
December 31, 2022
Fair Value Hierarchy
Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
Total Fair
Value
Total Losses (1)
Real estate assets$— $— $13,898 $13,898 $51,769 
(1)Amount includes impairment of in-place lease intangible assets in the amount of approximately $4,345,000.
The following table sets forth quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs of the Company’s Level 3 real estate recorded as of December 31, 2022:
Significant Unobservable InputsDecember 31, 2022
Comparable sale price per square foot$5.01$6.56
 December 31, 2016
 Fair Value Hierarchy  
 Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
 Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
 Total Fair
Value
Assets:       
Derivative assets$
 $1,782
 $
 $1,782
Total assets at fair value$
 $1,782
 $
 $1,782
Liabilities:       
Derivative liabilities$
 $798
 $
 $798
Total liabilities at fair value$
 $798
 $
 $798
Note 14—12—Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk
The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish these objectives, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.
The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated, and that qualify, as cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income in the accompanying consolidated statements of stockholders' equity and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.
During the years ended December 31, 201730, 2022 and 2016, the Company's derivative instruments2021, such derivatives were used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with variable rateexisting variable-rate debt. The ineffective portion of changes in fair value of the
For derivatives are recognized directly in earnings. During the years ended December 31, 2017designated and 2016, the Company recognized income of $58,000 and $144,000, respectively, due to ineffectiveness of itsthat qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, which wasthe gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in interest expense, net in the accompanying consolidated statements ofaccumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
and subsequently reclassified into interest expense the same period(s) during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to the derivativecurrent and terminated derivatives will be reclassified to interest and other expense, net, as interest payments are madeis incurred on the Company’s variable rate debt. During the next twelve months, the Company


estimates that an additional $70,000$18,078,000 will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as an increase to earnings. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company accelerated the reclassification of amounts in other comprehensive income to earnings as a decrease to interest expense, net.
See Note 13—"Fair Value" for a further discussionresult of the fair valuehedged forecasted transactions becoming probable not to occur. The accelerated amounts were a gain of the Company’s derivative instruments.$67,000.
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The following table summarizes the notional amount and fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments (amounts in thousands):
Derivatives
Designated as
Hedging
Instruments
Balance
Sheet
Location
Effective
Dates (2), (3)
Maturity
Dates (2)
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Outstanding
Notional
Amount (2)
Fair Value ofOutstanding
Notional
Amount
Fair Value of
Assets(Liabilities)Assets(Liabilities)
Interest rate swaps(1)05/01/2022 to
05/01/2023
04/27/2023 to
01/31/2028
$485,000 $27,990 $— $400,000 $2,171 $(5,618)
Derivatives
Designated as
Hedging
Instruments
 Balance
Sheet
Location
 Effective
Dates
 Maturity
Dates
 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Outstanding
Notional
Amount
 Fair Value of Outstanding
Notional
Amount
 Fair Value of
Asset (Liability) Asset (Liability)
 
Interest rate swaps Other assets, net/Accounts
payable and other
liabilities
 07/01/2016 to
11/16/2017
 12/22/2020 to
11/16/2022
 $347,699
 $3,934
 $(22) $96,540
 $1,782
 $(798)
(1)     Derivative assets and liabilities are reported in the consolidated balance sheets as other assets and accounts payable and other liabilities, respectively.
(2)    In May 2022, the Company entered into bilateral agreements with its swap counterparties to transition all of its interest rate swap agreements to SOFR. The Company made various ASC 848 elections related to changes in critical terms of the hedging relationships due to reference rate reform to not result in a de-designation of these hedging relationships. As of June 30, 2022, all of the Company's interest rate swap agreements were indexed to SOFR.
The notional amount under the agreements is an indication of the extent of the Company’s involvement in the instrumentseach instrument at the time, but does not represent exposure to credit, interest rate or market risks.
Accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on the intended use and designation of the derivative instrument. The Company designated the interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges to hedge the variability of the anticipated cash flows on its variable rate secured credit facility and notes payable. The change in fair value of the effective portion of the derivative instruments that are designated as hedges is recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), or OCI, in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
The table below summarizes the amount of income and losses recognized on the interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges for the years ended December 31, 20172022, 2021 and 20162020 (amounts in thousands):
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships Amount of Gain Recognized
in OCI on Derivative
(Effective Portion)
 Location of (Loss)
Reclassified From
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income to
Net Income
(Effective Portion)
 Amount of (Loss)
Reclassified From
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income to
Net Income
(Effective Portion)
For the Year Ended December 31, 2017      
Interest rate swaps $1,484
 Interest expense, net $(1,386)
Total $1,484
   $(1,386)
For the Year Ended December 31, 2016      
Interest rate swaps $744
 Interest expense, net $(96)
Total $744
   $(96)
The Company did not have derivative instruments as of December 31, 2015.
Derivatives in Cash Flow
Hedging Relationships
Amount of Income (Loss) Recognized
in Other Comprehensive Income on Derivatives
Location of Loss
Reclassified From
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss) to
Net (Loss) Income
Amount of Loss
Reclassified From
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss) to
Net (Loss) Income
Total Amount of Line Item in Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Interest rate swaps - continuing operations$32,317 Interest and other expense, net$(520)$23,772 
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Interest rate swaps - continuing operations$5,956 Interest and other expense, net$(8,031)$34,515 
Interest rate swaps - discontinued operations(37)Income from discontinued operations(1,647)401,444 
Total$5,919 $(9,678)
Year Ended December 31, 2020
Interest rate swaps - continuing operations$(19,676)Interest and other expense, net$(6,263)$42,025 
Interest rate swaps - discontinued operations(3,907)Income from discontinued operations(1,580)27,839 
Total$(23,583)$(7,843)
Credit Risk-Related Contingent Features
The Company has agreements with each of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision where if the Company either defaults or is capable of being declared in default on any of its indebtedness, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The Company records credit risk valuation adjustments on its interest rate swaps based on the respective credit quality of the Company and the counterparty. The Company believes it mitigates its credit risk by entering into agreements with creditworthy counterparties. As of December 31, 2017,2022, the Company had no derivatives with fair value of derivatives in a net liability position, includinginclusive of accrued interest but excluding any adjustment for nonperformance risk related to the agreement, was $46,000.agreement. As of December 31, 2017,2022, there were no termination events or events of default related to the interest rate swaps.

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Tabular Disclosure Offsetting Derivatives
The Company has elected not to offset derivative positions in its consolidated financial statements. The following tables present the effect on the Company’s financial position had the Company made the election to offset its derivative positions as of December 31, 20172022 and 2016December 31, 2021 (amounts in thousands):
Offsetting of Derivative Assets    
    Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Balance Sheet 
 Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Assets
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheet
Net Amounts of
Assets Presented in
the Balance Sheet
Financial Instruments
Collateral
Cash CollateralNet
Amount
December 31, 2022$27,990 $— $27,990 $— $— $27,990 
December 31, 2021$2,171 $— $2,171 $(1,023)$— $1,148 
Offsetting of Derivative Liabilities    
    Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Balance Sheet 
 Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Liabilities
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheet
Net Amounts of
Liabilities
Presented in the
Balance Sheet
Financial Instruments
Collateral
Cash CollateralNet
Amount
December 31, 2022$— $— $— $— $— $— 
December 31, 2021$5,618 $— $5,618 $(1,023)$— $4,595 
Note 13—Stockholders' Equity
Offsetting of Derivative Assets        
        Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Balance Sheet  
  Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Assets
 Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheet
 Net Amounts of
Assets Presented in
the Balance Sheet
 Financial Instruments
Collateral
 Cash Collateral Net
Amount
December 31, 2017 $3,934
 $
 $3,934
 $
 $
 $3,934
December 31, 2016 $1,782
 $
 $1,782
 $
 $
 $1,782
Offsetting of Derivative Liabilities        
        Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Balance Sheet  
  Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Liabilities
 Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheet
 Net Amounts of
Liabilities
Presented in the
Balance Sheet
 Financial Instruments
Collateral
 Cash Collateral Net
Amount
December 31, 2017 $22
 $
 $22
 $
 $
 $22
December 31, 2016 $798
 $
 $798
 $
 $
 $798
Distributions Paid and Distributions Payable
The Company did not have any financial instruments hedged through interest rate swapsdeclared distributions per share of common stock in the amounts of $0.40, $2.19 and $0.48 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The distributions declared for the year ended December 31, 2021, includes a special cash distribution of $1.75 per share of Class A, Class I, Class T and Class T2 shares of common stock. The special cash distribution was funded with the proceeds from the Data Center Sale. The special cash distribution was paid on July 30, 2021 to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 26, 2021. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had distributions payable of approximately $7,719,000. Of these distributions payable, approximately $5,592,000 was paid in cash and approximately $2,127,000 was reinvested in shares of common stock pursuant to the DRIP on January 6, 2023.
Share Repurchase Program
During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company repurchased 1,123,183 Class A shares, Class I shares and Class T shares of common stock (981,772 Class A shares, 31,666 Class I shares and 109,745 Class T shares), or 0.50% of shares outstanding as of December 31, 2015.2021, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $9,217,000 (an average of $8.21 per share). During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company repurchased 1,133,901 Class A shares, Class I shares and Class T shares of common stock (1,055,054 Class A shares, 11,836 Class I shares and 67,011 Class T shares), or 0.51% of shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $9,528,000 (an average of $8.40 per share).
The Company reports derivatives in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as other assets, net and accounts payable and other liabilities.
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Table of Contents
Note 15—Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The following table presents a rollforward of amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component for the year ended December 31, 20172022, 2021 and 20162020 (amounts in thousands):
  Unrealized Income on Derivative
Instruments
 Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income
Balance as of December 31, 2015 $
 $
Other comprehensive income before reclassification 744
 744
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to net income (effective portion) 96
 96
Other comprehensive income 840
 840
Balance as of December 31, 2016 $840
 $840
Other comprehensive income before reclassification 1,484
 1,484
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to net income (effective portion) 1,386
 1,386
Other comprehensive income 2,870
 2,870
Balance as of December 31, 2017 $3,710
 $3,710


Unrealized (Loss) Income
on Derivative
Instruments
Balance as of December 31, 2019$(4,704)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification(23,583)
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income7,843 
Other comprehensive loss(15,740)
Balance as of December 31, 2020(20,444)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification5,919 
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income9,678 
Other comprehensive income15,597 
Balance as of December 31, 2021(4,847)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification32,317 
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income to net (loss) income520 
Other comprehensive income32,837 
Balance as of December 31, 2022$27,990 
The following table presents reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (amounts in thousands):
Details about Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components
Loss Amounts Reclassified from
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to Net (Loss) Income
Affected Line Items in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Year Ended
December 31,
202220212020
Interest rate swap contracts - continuing operations$520 $8,031 $6,263 Interest and other expense, net
Interest rate swap contracts - discontinued operations— 1,647 $1,580 Income from discontinued operations
Interest rate swap contracts$520 

$9,678 $7,843 
Note 14—Earnings Per Share
For the years ended December 31, 20172022 and 2016 (amounts in thousands):
Details about Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income Components
 Amounts Reclassified from
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income to Net
Income
 Affected Line Items in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
  For the Year Ended
December 31,
  
  2017 2016  
Interest rate swap contracts $1,386
 $96
 Interest expense, net
Note 16—Stock-based Compensation
On May 6, 2014,2021, diluted earnings per share was computed the same as basic earnings per share, because the Company adopted the Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II, Inc. 2014 Restricted Share Plan, or the Incentive Plan, pursuant torecorded a loss from continuing operations, which the Company has the power and authority to grant restricted or deferred stock awards to persons eligible under the Incentive Plan. The Company authorized and reserved 300,000would make potentially dilutive shares of its1,341,000 and 968,000, respectively, related to non-vested shares of restricted common stock and performance-based equity awards, or Performance DSUs, anti-dilutive. For the year ended December 31, 2020, diluted earnings per share reflected the effect of approximately 186,000 of non-vested shares of restricted common stock that were outstanding.
Note 15—Stock-based Compensation
The Board has authorized a total of 5,000,000 Class A shares of common stock for issuance under the A&R Incentive Plan subject to certain adjustments.on a fully diluted basis at any time. Subject to certain limited exceptions, restricted stock may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged, encumbered, hypothecated or otherwise disposed of and is subject to forfeiture within the vesting period. Restricted stock awards generally vest ratably over four years.
The Company uses the straight-line method to recognize expenses for service awards with graded vesting. Restricted stock awards are entitled to receive dividendsrecognized accelerated stock-based compensation expense of $326,000 during the vesting period. In addition to the ratable amortization of fair value over the vesting period, dividends paid on unvested shares of restricted stock which are not expected to vest are charged toyear ended December 31, 2022. The Company recognized total stock-based compensation expense of approximately $4,180,000, $2,379,000 and $437,000, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, which is reported in general and administrative expenses in the period paid.
On August 18, 2017, the Company granted 3,000 restricted sharesaccompanying consolidated statements of Class A common stock to each of its independent directors, which were awarded in connection with their re-election to the Company’s board of directors. The fair value of each share of restricted common stock was estimated at the date of grant at $9.07 per share. The restricted stock awards vest over a period of four years. The awards are amortized using the straight-line method over four years.comprehensive income.
As of December 31, 20172022 and 2016,2021, there was $173,000$6,834,000 and $167,000,$5,886,000, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested shares of the Company’s restricted Class A common stock.stock and Performance DSUs. This expense is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of 1.602.02 years. This expected expense does not include the impact of any future stock-based compensation awards.
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The fair value of each restricted stock and Performance DSU award is estimated based on the most recent Estimated Per Share NAV. As of December 31, 20172022 and 2016,2021, the fair value of the nonvested shares of restricted Class A common stock and Performance DSUs was $206,550$11,703,000 and $183,668,$7,991,000, respectively. A summary of the status of the nonvested shares of restricted Class A common stock and Performance DSUs as of December 31, 20162021 and the changes for the year ended December 31, 20172022 is presented below:
Restricted Stock and and Performance DSUsShares
Nonvested restricted Class A common stock and Performance DSUs at December 31, 2016202120,250974,558 
Vested Class A common stock(6,750(167,500))
GrantedVested Performance DSUs9,000(5,387)
Forfeited restricted Class A common stock(16,344)
Forfeited Performance DSUs(15,438)
Granted restricted Class A common stock335,854 
Granted Performance DSUs317,947 
Nonvested restricted Class A common stock and Performance DSUs at December 31, 2017202222,5001,423,690 
Stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $76,000, $58,000 and $34,000, respectively, which is reported in general and administrative costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).


Note 17—16—Income Taxes
As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on taxable income that it distributes to the stockholders. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions to stockholders are characterized as either ordinary dividends, capital gain distributions, or nontaxable distributions. Nontaxable distributions will reduce U.S. stockholders’ respective bases in their shares. The following table shows the character of distributions the Company paid on a percentage basis during the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162022, 2021 and 2015:2020:
Year Ended December 31,
Character of Distributions (1):
202220212020
Ordinary dividends40.94 %27.91 %— %
Capital gain distributions— %— %— %
Nontaxable distributions59.06 %72.09 %100.00 %
Total100.00 %100.00 %100.00 %
Year Ended December 31,
Character of Special Distribution (1):
202220212020
Ordinary dividends— %12.39 %— %
Capital gain distributions— %86.66 %— %
Nontaxable distributions— %0.95 %— %
Total— %100.00 %— %
 For the Year Ended December 31,
Character of Class A Distributions:2017 2016 2015
Ordinary dividends36.49% 34.23% 33.81%
Nontaxable distributions63.51% 65.77% 66.19%
Total100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
      
 For the Year Ended December 31,
Character of Class I Distributions:2017 2016 2015
Ordinary dividends36.49% % %
Nontaxable distributions63.51% % %
Total100.00% % %
      
 For the Year Ended December 31,
Character of Class T Distributions:2017 2016 2015
Ordinary dividends25.93% 23.07% %
Nontaxable distributions74.07% 76.93% %
Total100.00% 100.00% %
The Company is subject(1)Attributable to certain stateClass A shares, Class I shares, Class T shares and local income taxes on income, property or net worth in some jurisdictions, and in certain circumstances may also be subject to federal excise tax on undistributed income. Texas, Tennessee and Massachusetts are the major state and local tax jurisdictions for the Company.Class T2 shares of common stock.
The Company applies the rules under ASC 740-10, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, for uncertain tax positions using a “more likely than not” recognition threshold for tax positions. Pursuant to these rules, the financial statement effects of a tax position are initially recognized when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits of the tax position, that such a position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant tax authorities. If the tax benefit meets the “more likely than not” threshold, the measurement of the tax benefit will be based on the Company's estimate of the ultimate tax benefit to be sustained if audited by the taxing authority. The Company concluded there was no impact related to uncertain tax positions from the results of the operations of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162022, 2021 and 2015.2020. The earliest tax year currently subject to examination is 2015.2019.
The Company’s policy is to recognize accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of interest expense and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of general and administrative expenses. From inception through December 31, 2017,2022, the Company has not recognized any interest expense or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits.
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Note 18—17—Commitments and Contingencies
LitigationLegal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may become subject to litigation or claims. As of December 31, 2017,2022, there were, and currently there are, no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company is a party.
Note 19—Economic Dependency
The Company is dependent on While the Advisor and its affiliates for certain services that are essentialresolution of a lawsuit or proceeding may have an impact to the Company's financial results for the period in which it is resolved, the Company includingbelieves that the salefinal resolution of the Company’s shareslawsuits or proceedings in which it is currently involved, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of common and preferred stock available for issuance; the identification, evaluation, negotiation, purchase and disposition of real estate investments and other investments; the management of the daily operations of the Company’s real estate portfolio; and other general and administrative responsibilities. In the event that the Advisor and its affiliates are unable to provide the respective services, the Company will be required to obtain such services from other sources.

or liquidity.

Note 20—18—Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
Presented in the following table is a summary of the unaudited quarterly financial information for the years ended December 31, 20172022 and 2016.2021. The Company believes that all necessary adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, have been included in the amounts stated below to present fairly, and in accordance with GAAP, the selected quarterly information (amounts in thousands, except shares and per share data):
2022
Fourth
Quarter
Third
Quarter
Second
Quarter
First
Quarter
Total revenue$43,905 $46,881 $44,918 $44,282 
Total expenses(72,837)(27,991)(28,568)(35,256)
Gain on real estate disposition— — — 460 
Interest and other expense, net(5,830)(5,498)(4,329)(8,115)
(Loss) income from operations(34,762)13,392 12,021 1,371 
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(34,762)$13,392 $12,021 $1,371 
Net (loss) income per common share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic:
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(0.15)$0.06 $0.05 $0.01 
Diluted:
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(0.15)$0.06 $0.05 $0.01 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic226,112,737 225,638,485 225,008,452 224,499,307 
Diluted226,112,737 226,957,015 226,362,977 225,865,366 
2021
Fourth
Quarter
Third
Quarter
Second
Quarter
First
Quarter
Total revenue$43,606 $43,063 $43,747 $42,422 
Total expenses(27,138)(36,872)(34,462)(38,724)
Gain on real estate disposition89 — — — 
Interest and other expense, net(4,480)(11,737)(9,534)(8,764)
Income (loss) from continuing operations12,077 (5,546)(249)(5,066)
Income from discontinued operations— 377,191 16,305 7,948 
Net income attributable to common stockholders$12,077 $371,645 $16,056 $2,882 
Net income (loss) per common share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic:
Continuing operations$0.05 $(0.03)$— $(0.02)
Discontinued operations— 1.69 0.07 0.03 
Net income attributable to common stockholders$0.05 $1.66 $0.07 $0.01 
Diluted:
Continuing operations$0.05 $(0.03)$— $(0.02)
Discontinued operations— 1.69 0.07 0.03 
Net income attributable to common stockholders$0.05 $1.66 $0.07 $0.01 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic224,054,323 223,661,774 223,082,912 222,481,179 
Diluted225,031,906 223,661,774 223,082,912 222,481,179 
F-27
 2017
 Fourth
Quarter
 Third
Quarter
 Second
Quarter
 First
Quarter
Total revenue$37,266
 $36,205
 $27,602
 $24,022
Total expenses(23,926) (23,980) (17,888) (15,467)
Income from operations13,340
 12,225
 9,714
 8,555
Interest expense, net(6,932) (6,786) (5,073) (3,764)
Net income attributable to common stockholders$6,408
 $5,439
 $4,641
 $4,791
Net income per common share attributable to common stockholders:       
Basic$0.05
 $0.05
 $0.05
 $0.06
Diluted$0.05
 $0.05
 $0.05
 $0.06
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:       
Basic119,651,271
 105,388,118
 94,910,818
 86,482,927
Diluted119,666,234
 105,405,297
 94,925,665
 86,499,543

Table of Contents
 2016
 Fourth
Quarter
 Third
Quarter
 Second
Quarter
 First
Quarter
Total revenue$19,210
 $13,594
 $12,203
 $11,424
Total expenses(11,711) (10,460) (9,638) (8,935)
Income from operations7,499
 3,134
 2,565
 2,489
Interest expense, net(2,153) (626) (732) (879)
Net income attributable to common stockholders$5,346
 $2,508
 $1,833
 $1,610
Net income per common share attributable to common stockholders:       
Basic$0.07
 $0.03
 $0.03
 $0.03
Diluted$0.07
 $0.03
 $0.03
 $0.03
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:       
Basic78,728,400
 71,852,230
 63,514,780
 53,666,785
Diluted78,742,067
 71,866,949
 63,530,999
 53,679,723
Note 21—19—Subsequent Events
Distributions Paid to Stockholders Paid
OnThe following table summarizes the Company's distributions paid to stockholders on January 2, 2018, the Company paid aggregate distributions of approximately $4,503,000 to Class A stockholders ($2,272,000 in cash and $2,231,000 in shares of the Company’s Class A common stock pursuant to the DRIP), which related to distributions declared6, 2023, for each day in the period from December 1, 20172022 through December 31, 2017. On2022 (amounts in thousands):
Payment DateCommon StockCashDRIPTotal Distribution
January 6, 2023Class A$4,506 $1,249 $5,755 
January 6, 2023Class I338 231 569 
January 6, 2023Class T748 647 1,395 
$5,592 $2,127 $7,719 
The following table summarizes the Company's distributions paid to stockholders on February 1, 2018, the Company paid aggregate distributions of approximately $4,523,000 to Class A stockholders ($2,291,000 in cash and $2,232,000 in shares of the Company’s Class A common stock pursuant to the DRIP), which related to distributions declared6, 2023, for each day in the period from January 1, 20182023 through January 31, 2018. On2023 (amounts in thousands):
Payment DateCommon StockCashDRIPTotal Distribution
February 6, 2023Class A$4,522 $1,245 $5,767 
February 6, 2023Class I339 231 570 
February 6, 2023Class T748 649 1,397 
$5,609 $2,125 $7,734 
The following table summarizes the Company's distributions paid to stockholders on March 1, 2018, the Company paid aggregate distributions of approximately $4,103,000 to Class A stockholders ($2,084,000 in cash and $2,019,000 in shares of the Company’s Class A common stock pursuant to the DRIP), which related to distributions declared6, 2023, for each day in the period from February 1, 20182023 through February 28, 2018.2023 (amounts in thousands):
Payment DateCommon StockCashDRIPTotal Distribution
March 6, 2023Class A$4,081 $1,123 $5,204 
March 6, 2023Class I307 209 516 
March 6, 2023Class T675 587 1,262 
$5,063 $1,919 $6,982 

Distributions Authorized

The following tables summarize the daily distributions approved and authorized by the Board subsequent to December 31, 2022:
On January 2, 2018, the Company paid aggregate distributions
Authorization Date (1)
Common Stock
Daily Distribution Rate (1)
Annualized Distribution Per Share
January 18, 2023Class A$0.00109589 $0.40 
January 18, 2023Class I$0.00109589 $0.40 
January 18, 2023Class T$0.00109589 $0.40 
Authorization Date (2)
Common Stock
Daily Distribution Rate (2)
Annualized Distribution Per Share
February 17, 2023Class A$0.00109589 $0.40 
February 17, 2023Class I$0.00109589 $0.40 
February 17, 2023Class T$0.00109589 $0.40 
Authorization Date (3)
Common Stock
Daily Distribution Rate (2)
Annualized Distribution Per Share
March 15, 2023Class A$0.00109589 $0.40 
March 15, 2023Class I$0.00109589 $0.40 
March 15, 2023Class T$0.00109589 $0.40 
(1)Distributions approved and authorized to stockholders of approximately $364,000 to Class I stockholders ($193,000 in cash and $171,000 in sharesrecord as of the Company’s Class I common stock pursuant toclose of business on each day of the DRIP), which related toperiod commencing on February 1, 2023 and ending on February 28, 2023. The distributions are calculated based on 365 days in the calendar year. The distributions declared for each dayrecord date in the periodFebruary 2023 were paid in March 2023. The distributions are payable to stockholders from December 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017. On February 1, 2018, the Company paid aggregate distributionslegally available funds therefor.
F-28

Table of approximately $392,000 to Class I stockholders ($211,000 in cash and $181,000 in shares of the Company’s Class I common stock pursuant to the DRIP), which related to distributions declared for each day in the period from January 1, 2018 through January 31, 2018. On March 1, 2018, the Company paid aggregate distributions of approximately $384,000 to Class I stockholders ($210,000 in cash and $174,000 in shares of the Company’s Class I common stock pursuant to the DRIP), which related to distributions declared for each day in the period from February 1, 2018 through February 28, 2018.Contents
On January 2, 2018, the Company paid aggregate distributions of approximately $1,699,000 to Class T stockholders ($699,000 in cash and $1,000,000 in shares of the Company's Class T common stock pursuant to the DRIP), which related to distributions declared for each day in the period from December 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017. On February 1, 2018, the Company paid aggregate distributions of approximately $1,717,000 to Class T stockholders ($717,000 in cash and $1,000,000 in shares of the Company's Class T common stock pursuant to the DRIP), which related to distributions declared for each day in the period from January 1, 2018 through January 31, 2018. On March 1, 2018, the Company paid aggregate distributions of approximately $1,568,000 to Class T stockholders ($655,000 in cash and $913,000 in shares of the Company's Class T common stock pursuant to the DRIP), which related to distributions declared for each day in the period from February 1, 2018 through February 28, 2018.
(2)Distributions Declared
Class A Shares
On January 31, 2018, the board of directors of the Company approved and declared a daily distributionauthorized to the Company’s Class A stockholders of record as of the close of business on each day of the period commencing on March 1, 20182023 and ending on MayMarch 31, 2018.2023. The distributiondistributions will be calculated based on 365 days in the calendar year and will be equal to $0.001788493 per share of Class A common stock, which will be equal to an annualized distribution rate of 6.40%, assuming a purchase price of $10.200 per share of Class A common stock.year. The distributions declared for each record date in March 2018, April 2018 and May 20182023 will be paid in April 2018, May 2018 and June 2018, respectively.2023. The distributions will be payable to stockholders from legally available funds therefor.
Class I Shares
On January 31, 2018, the board of directors of the Company(3)Distributions approved and declared a daily distributionauthorized to the Company’s Class I stockholders of record as of the close of business on each day of the period commencing on MarchApril 1, 20182023 and ending on and ending May 31, 2018.April 30, 2023. The distributiondistributions will be calculated based on 365 days in the calendar year and will be equal to $0.001788493 per share of Class I common stock, which will be equal to an annualized distribution rate of 7.04%, assuming a purchase price of $9.273 per share.year. The distributions declared for each record date in March 2018, April 2018 and May 20182023 will be paid in April 2018, May 2018 and June 2018, respectively.2023. The distributions will be payable to stockholders from legally available funds therefor.
Class T Shares
On January
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Table of Contents
SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
December 31, 2018,2022
(in thousands)

Initial CostCost
Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (b)
Gross Amount
Carried at
December 31, 2022
Property DescriptionLocationEncumbrancesLandBuildings and
Improvements
LandBuildings and
Improvements (c)
TotalAccumulated
Depreciation (d)
Year
Constructed
Year
Renovated
Date
Acquired
Houston Healthcare FacilityHouston, TX$— (a)$762 $2,970 $106 $762 $3,076 $3,838 $857 199307/31/2014
Cincinnati Healthcare FacilityCincinnati, OH— (a)356 3,167 89 356 3,256 3,612 804 200110/29/2014
Winston-Salem Healthcare FacilityWinston-Salem, NC— (a)684 4,903 — 684 4,903 5,587 1,175 200412/17/2014
Stoughton Healthcare FacilityStoughton, MA— (a)4,049 19,991 3,247 4,049 23,238 27,287 4,970 1973199712/23/2014
Fort Worth Healthcare FacilityFort Worth, TX— (a)8,297 35,615 — 8,297 35,615 43,912 7,508 201412/31/2014
Fort Worth Healthcare Facility IIFort Worth, TX— (a)367 1,587 201 367 1,788 2,155 621 201412/31/2014
Winter Haven Healthcare FacilityWinter Haven, FL— (a)— 2,805 — — 2,805 2,805 620 200901/27/2015
Overland Park Healthcare FacilityOverland Park, KS— (a)1,558 20,549 — 1,558 20,549 22,107 4,254 201402/17/2015
Clarion Healthcare FacilityClarion, PA— (a)462 5,377 — 462 5,377 5,839 1,371 201206/01/2015
Webster Healthcare FacilityWebster, TX— (a)1,858 20,140 — 1,858 20,140 21,998 3,983 201506/05/2015
Augusta Healthcare FacilityAugusta, ME— (a)556 14,401 103 556 14,504 15,060 3,042 201007/22/2015
Cincinnati Healthcare Facility IICincinnati, OH— (a)1,812 24,382 (14,422)943 10,829 11,772 — 1960201407/22/2015
Cincinnati Healthcare Facility IIICincinnati, OH— (a)446 10,239 446 10,243 10,689 2,031 201407/22/2015
Florence Healthcare FacilityFlorence, KY— (a)650 9,919 — 650 9,919 10,569 1,960 201407/22/2015
Oakland Healthcare FacilityOakland, ME— (a)229 5,416 — 229 5,416 5,645 1,235 200407/22/2015
Wyomissing Healthcare FacilityWyomissing, PA— (a)1,504 20,193 — 1,504 20,193 21,697 4,070 200707/24/2015
Luling Healthcare FacilityLuling, TX— (a)824 7,530 — 824 7,530 8,354 1,509 200307/30/2015
Omaha Healthcare FacilityOmaha, NE— (a)1,259 9,796 — 1,259 9,796 11,055 1,856 201410/14/2015
Sherman Healthcare FacilitySherman, TX— (a)1,679 23,926 — 1,679 23,926 25,605 4,429 2005201011/20/2015
Sherman Healthcare Facility IISherman, TX— (a)214 3,209 — 214 3,209 3,423 599 200511/20/2015
Fort Worth Healthcare Facility IIIFort Worth, TX— (a)3,120 9,312 — 3,120 9,312 12,432 1,725 19982007/201512/23/2015
Oklahoma City Healthcare FacilityOklahoma City, OK— (a)4,626 30,509 — 4,626 30,509 35,135 5,834 19851998/200312/29/2015
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility IIOklahoma City, OK— (a)991 8,366 — 991 8,366 9,357 1,701 1994199912/29/2015
Edmond Healthcare FacilityEdmond, OK— (a)796 3,199 — 796 3,199 3,995 655 200201/20/2016
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility IIIOklahoma City, OK— (a)452 1,081 — 452 1,081 1,533 227 200601/27/2016
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility IVOklahoma City, OK— (a)368 2,344 — 368 2,344 2,712 480 200701/27/2016
Newcastle Healthcare FacilityNewcastle, OK— (a)412 1,173 — 412 1,173 1,585 245 1995199902/03/2016
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility VOklahoma City, OK— (a)541 12,445 — 541 12,445 12,986 2,524 200802/11/2016
Rancho Mirage Healthcare FacilityRancho Mirage, CA— (a)2,724 7,626 29,844 2,726 37,468 40,194 4,098 201803/01/2016
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility VIOklahoma City, OK— (a)896 3,684 — 896 3,684 4,580 760 200703/07/2016
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility VIIOklahoma City, OK— (a)3,203 32,380 — 3,203 32,380 35,583 5,558 201606/22/2016
Las Vegas Healthcare FacilityLas Vegas, NV— (a)2,614 639 22,091 2,895 22,449 25,344 2,985 201706/24/2016
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility VIIIOklahoma City, OK— (a)2,002 15,384 — 2,002 15,384 17,386 2,605 1997200806/30/2016
Marlton Healthcare FacilityMarlton, NJ— (a)— 57,154 — 57,159 57,159 8,755 199511/01/2016
Grand Rapids Healthcare FacilityGrand Rapids, MI— (a)2,533 39,487 1,034 2,533 40,521 43,054 7,150 200812/07/2016
Corpus Christi Healthcare FacilityCorpus Christi, TX— (a)975 4,963 716 1,002 5,652 6,654 967 19922,01612/22/2016
Aurora Healthcare FacilityAurora, IL— (a)973 9,632 19 973 9,651 10,624 1,507 200203/30/2017
S-1

Table of Contents
Initial CostCost
Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (b)
Gross Amount
Carried at
December 31, 2022
Property DescriptionLocationEncumbrancesLandBuildings and
Improvements
LandBuildings and
Improvements (c)
TotalAccumulated
Depreciation (d)
Year
Constructed
Year
Renovated
Date
Acquired
Allen Healthcare FacilityAllen, TX— (a)857 20,582 — 857 20,582 21,439 3,209 200703/31/2017
Austin Healthcare FacilityAustin, TX— (a)1,368 32,039 — 1,368 32,039 33,407 4,996 201203/31/2017
Beaumont Healthcare FacilityBeaumont, TX— (a)946 8,372 — 946 8,372 9,318 1,313 199103/31/2017
San Antonio Healthcare FacilitySan Antonio, TX— (a)1,813 11,706 — 1,813 11,706 13,519 1,759 198406/29/2017
Silverdale Healthcare FacilitySilverdale, WA— (a)1,530 7,506 15 1,530 7,521 9,051 1,237 200508/25/2017
Silverdale Healthcare Facility IISilverdale, WA— (a)1,542 4,981 — 1,542 4,981 6,523 885 200709/20/2017
Saginaw Healthcare FacilitySaginaw, MI— (a)1,251 15,878 235 1,251 16,113 17,364 2,928 200212/21/2017
Carrollton Healthcare FacilityCarrollton, TX— (a)1,995 5,870 39 1,995 5,909 7,904 771 201504/27/2018
Katy Healthcare FacilityKaty, TX— (a)1,443 12,114 — 1,443 12,114 13,557 1,428 201506/08/2018
Indianola Healthcare FacilityIndianola, IA— (a)330 5,698 67 330 5,765 6,095 669 201409/26/2018
Indianola Healthcare Facility IIIndianola, IA— (a)709 6,061 — 709 6,061 6,770 733 201109/26/2018
Benton Healthcare FacilityBenton, AR— (a)— 19,048 — — 19,048 19,048 2,177 1992/1999201210/17/2018
Benton Healthcare Facility IIBenton, AR— (a)— 1,647 — — 1,647 1,647 209 198310/17/2018
Bryant Healthcare FacilityBryant, AR— (a)930 3,539 — 930 3,539 4,469 446 199510/17/2018
Hot Springs Healthcare FacilityHot Springs, AR— (a)384 2,077 — 384 2,077 2,461 270 200910/17/2018
Clive Healthcare FacilityClive, IA— (a)336 22,332 158 336 22,490 22,826 2,920 200811/26/2018
Valdosta Healthcare FacilityValdosta, GA— (a)659 5,626 — 659 5,626 6,285 730 200411/28/2018
Valdosta Healthcare Facility IIValdosta, GA— (a)471 2,780 — 471 2,780 3,251 366 199211/28/2018
Bryant Healthcare Facility IIBryant, AR— (a)647 3,364 — 647 3,364 4,011 323 201608/16/2019
Laredo Healthcare FacilityLaredo, TX— (a)— 12,137 — — 12,137 12,137 1,083 199809/19/2019
Laredo Healthcare Facility IILaredo, TX— (a)— 23,677 83 — 23,760 23,760 2,157 199809/19/2019
Poplar Bluff Healthcare FacilityPoplar Bluff, MO— (a)— 13,515 — — 13,515 13,515 1,211 201309/19/2019
Tucson Healthcare FacilityTucson, AZ— (a)— 5,998 — — 5,998 5,998 540 199809/19/2019
Akron Healthcare FacilityGreen, OH— (a)3,503 38,512 — 3,503 38,512 42,015 3,293 201210/04/2019
Akron Healthcare Facility IIGreen, OH— (a)1,085 10,277 — 1,085 10,277 11,362 1,056 201310/04/2019
Akron Healthcare Facility IIIAkron, OH— (a)2,206 26,044 — 2,206 26,044 28,250 2,152 200810/04/2019
Alexandria Healthcare FacilityAlexandria, LA— (a)— 5,076 — — 5,076 5,076 419 200710/04/2019
Appleton Healthcare FacilityAppleton, WI— (a)414 1,900 — 414 1,900 2,314 209 201110/04/2019
Austin Healthcare Facility IIAustin, TX— (a)3,229 7,534 (2,807)2,195 5,761 7,956 489 200610/04/2019
Bellevue Healthcare FacilityGreen Bay, WI— (a)567 1,269 — 567 1,269 1,836 145 201010/04/2019
Bonita Springs Healthcare FacilityBonita Springs, FL— (a)1,199 4,373 — 1,199 4,373 5,572 371 2002200510/04/2019
Bridgeton Healthcare FacilityBridgeton, MO— (a)— 39,740 — — 39,740 39,740 3,270 201210/04/2019
Covington Healthcare FacilityCovington, LA— (a)2,238 16,635 — 2,238 16,635 18,873 1,362 198410/04/2019
Crestview Healthcare FacilityCrestview, FL— (a)400 1,536 — 400 1,536 1,936 146 2004201010/04/2019
Dallas Healthcare FacilityDallas, TX— (a)6,072 27,457 — 6,072 27,457 33,529 2,211 201110/04/2019
De Pere Healthcare FacilityDe Pere, WI— (a)615 1,596 — 615 1,596 2,211 176 200510/04/2019
Denver Healthcare FacilityThornton, CO— (a)3,586 32,363 — 3,586 32,363 35,949 2,688 1962201810/04/2019
El Segundo Healthcare FacilityEl Segundo, CA— (a)2,659 9,016 — 2,659 9,016 11,675 748 200910/04/2019
Fairlea Healthcare FacilityFairlea, WV— (a)139 1,910 — 139 1,910 2,049 167 199910/04/2019
Fayetteville Healthcare FacilityFayetteville, AR— (a)485 24,855 — 485 24,855 25,340 2,035 1994200910/04/2019
Fort Myers Healthcare FacilityFort Myers, FL— (a)2,153 2,387 — 2,153 2,387 4,540 246 199910/04/2019
Fort Myers Healthcare Facility IIFort Myers, FL— (a)3,557 11,064 — 3,557 11,064 14,621 1,063 2010202210/04/2019
S-2

Table of Contents
Initial CostCost
Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (b)
Gross Amount
Carried at
December 31, 2022
Property DescriptionLocationEncumbrancesLandBuildings and
Improvements
LandBuildings and
Improvements (c)
TotalAccumulated
Depreciation (d)
Year
Constructed
Year
Renovated
Date
Acquired
Fort Walton Beach Healthcare FacilityFort Walton Beach, FL— (a)385 3,182 — 385 3,182 3,567 277 200510/04/2019
Frankfort Healthcare FacilityFrankfort, KY— (a)342 950 — 342 950 1,292 93 1993201910/04/2019
Frisco Healthcare FacilityFrisco, TX— (a)— 22,114 4,653 — 26,767 26,767 2,926 2010202010/04/2019
Goshen Healthcare FacilityGoshen, IN— (a)383 5,355 — 383 5,355 5,738 484 201010/04/2019
Hammond Healthcare FacilityHammond, LA— (a)2,693 23,750 — 2,693 23,750 26,443 2,019 200610/04/2019
Hammond Healthcare Facility IIHammond, LA— (a)950 12,147 — 950 12,147 13,097 1,021 200410/04/2019
Harlingen Healthcare FacilityHarlingen, TX— (a)— 10,628 (10,378)— 250 250 — 200710/04/2019
Henderson Healthcare FacilityHenderson, NV— (a)839 2,390 — 839 2,390 3,229 217 200010/04/2019
Houston Healthcare Facility IIIHouston, TX— (a)752 5,832 — 752 5,832 6,584 481 1998201810/04/2019
Howard Healthcare FacilityHoward, WI— (a)529 1,818 — 529 1,818 2,347 202 201110/04/2019
Jacksonville Healthcare FacilityJacksonville, FL— (a)1,233 6,173 — 1,233 6,173 7,406 540 200910/04/2019
Lafayette Healthcare FacilityLafayette, LA— (a)4,819 35,424 — 4,819 35,424 40,243 2,947 2004200510/04/2019
Lakewood Ranch Healthcare FacilityLakewood Ranch, FL— (a)636 1,784 — 636 1,784 2,420 198 200810/04/2019
Las Vegas Healthcare Facility IILas Vegas, NV— (a)651 5,323 — 651 5,323 5,974 460 200710/04/2019
Lehigh Acres Healthcare FacilityLehigh Acres, FL— (a)441 2,956 — 441 2,956 3,397 268 200210/04/2019
Lubbock Healthcare FacilityLubbock, TX— (a)5,210 39,939 — 5,210 39,939 45,149 3,264 200310/04/2019
Manitowoc Healthcare FacilityManitowoc, WI— (a)257 1,733 — 257 1,733 1,990 185 200310/04/2019
Manitowoc Healthcare Facility IIManitowoc, WI— (a)250 11,231 — 250 11,231 11,481 1,012 1964201010/04/2019
Marinette Healthcare FacilityMarinette, WI— (a)208 1,002 — 208 1,002 1,210 110 200810/04/2019
New Bedford Healthcare FacilityNew Bedford, MA— (a)2,464 26,297 (27,522)115 1,124 1,239 — 1942199510/04/2019
New Braunfels Healthcare FacilityNew Braunfels, TX— (a)2,568 11,386 — 2,568 11,386 13,954 945 200710/04/2019
North Smithfield Healthcare FacilityNorth Smithfield, RI— (a)1,309 14,024 — 1,309 14,024 15,333 1,229 1965200010/04/2019
Oklahoma City Healthcare Facility IXOklahoma City, OK— (a)1,316 9,822 — 1,316 9,822 11,138 930 200710/04/2019
Oshkosh Healthcare FacilityOshkosh, WI— (a)414 2,043 — 413 2,044 2,457 207 201010/04/2019
Palm Desert Healthcare FacilityPalm Desert, CA— (a)582 5,927 — 582 5,927 6,509 548 200510/04/2019
Rancho Mirage Healthcare Facility IIRancho Mirage, CA— (a)2,286 5,481 — 2,286 5,481 7,767 497 200810/04/2019
San Antonio Healthcare Facility IIISan Antonio, TX— (a)1,824 22,809 — 1,824 22,809 24,633 1,854 201210/04/2019
San Antonio Healthcare Facility IVSan Antonio, TX— (a)— 31,694 — — 31,694 31,694 2,576 198710/04/2019
San Antonio Healthcare Facility VSan Antonio, TX— (a)3,273 19,697 1,023 3,273 20,720 23,993 1,849 201710/04/2019
Santa Rosa Beach Healthcare FacilitySanta Rosa Beach, FL— (a)741 3,049 — 741 3,049 3,790 249 200310/04/2019
Savannah Healthcare FacilitySavannah, GA— (a)2,300 20,186 — 2,300 20,186 22,486 1,653 201410/04/2019
Sturgeon Bay Healthcare FacilitySturgeon Bay, WI— (a)248 700 — 248 700 948 84 200710/04/2019
Victoria Healthcare FacilityVictoria, TX— (a)328 12,908 — 328 12,908 13,236 1,078 201310/04/2019
Victoria Healthcare Facility IIVictoria, TX— (a)446 12,986 — 446 12,986 13,432 1,074 199810/04/2019
Webster Healthcare Facility IIWebster, TX— (a)7,371 243,983 4,584 7,371 248,567 255,938 19,913 2014201910/04/2019
Wilkes-Barre Healthcare FacilityMountain Top, PA— (a)821 4,139 — 821 4,139 4,960 388 201210/04/2019
Yucca Valley Healthcare FacilityYucca Valley, CA— (a)901 4,788 — 901 4,788 5,689 465 200910/04/2019
Tucson Healthcare Facility IITucson, AZ— (a)— — 25,324 — 25,324 25,324 1,102 202112/26/2019
Tucson Healthcare Facility IIITucson, AZ— (a)1,763 — 8,177 1,763 8,177 9,940 668 202012/27/2019
Grimes Healthcare FacilityGrimes, IA— (a)831 3,690 — 831 3,690 4,521 309 201802/19/2020
S-3

Table of Contents
Initial CostCost
Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (b)
Gross Amount
Carried at
December 31, 2022
Property DescriptionLocationEncumbrancesLandBuildings and
Improvements
LandBuildings and
Improvements (c)
TotalAccumulated
Depreciation (d)
Year
Constructed
Year
Renovated
Date
Acquired
Tampa Healthcare FacilityTampa, FL— (a)— 10,297 — — 10,297 10,297 794 201509/08/2020
Tucson Healthcare Facility IVTucson, AZ— — 58 17,445 — 17,503 17,503 558 202212/22/2020
Greenwood Healthcare FacilityGreenwood, IN— (a)1,603 22,588 — 1,603 22,588 24,191 1,004 2008201804/19/2021
Clive Healthcare Facility IIClive, IA— (a)1,555 17,898 — 1,555 17,898 19,453 547 200812/08/2021
Clive Healthcare Facility IIIClive, IA— (a)843 12,299 — 843 12,299 13,142 322 200812/08/2021
Clive Healthcare Facility IVClive, IA— (a)720 7,863 — 720 7,863 8,583 255 2009201812/08/2021
Clive Undeveloped LandClive, IA— 1,061 — — 1,061 — 1,061 — 12/08/2021
Clive Undeveloped Land IIClive, IA— 460 — — 460 — 460 — 12/08/2021
Yukon Healthcare FacilityYukon, OK— 1,288 16,779 — 1,288 16,779 18,067 369 202003/10/2022
Pleasant Hills Healthcare FacilityPleasant Hills, PA— 922 12,905 — 922 12,905 13,827 270 201505/12/2022
Prosser Healthcare Facility IProsser, WA— 282 1,933 — 282 1,933 2,215 40 202005/20/2022
Prosser Healthcare Facility IIProsser, WA— 95 3,374 — 95 3,374 3,469 68 2013201905/20/2022
Prosser Healthcare Facility IIIProsser, WA— 59 2,070 — 59 2,070 2,129 41 201305/20/2022
Tampa Healthcare Facility IITampa, FL— — 47,042 — — 47,042 47,042 572 202207/20/2022
Escondido Healthcare FacilityEscondido, CA— — 57,675 — — 57,675 57,675 680 202107/21/2022
$— $167,362 $1,857,705 $64,133 $163,419 $1,925,781 $2,089,200 $209,118 
(a)Property is contributed to the boardpool of directorsunencumbered properties of the Company approved and declared a daily distributionCompany's credit facility. As of December 31, 2022, 124 commercial real estate properties were contributed to the pool of unencumbered properties under the Company's credit facility and we had an outstanding principal balance of $583,000,000.
(b)The reduction to costs capitalized subsequent to acquisition primarily include impairment charges, property dispositions and other adjustments.
(c)The aggregated cost for federal income tax purposes is approximately $2,284,522,000 (unaudited).
(d)The Company’s Class T stockholders of record asassets are depreciated or amortized using the straight-line method over the useful lives of the closeassets by class. Generally, buildings and improvements are depreciated over 15-40 years and tenant improvements are depreciated over the shorter of business on each daylease term or expected useful life.
S-4

Table of the period commencing on March 1, 2018 and ending MayContents
NOTES TO SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
December 31, 2018. The distribution will be calculated based on 365 days 2022
(in the calendar year and will be equal to $0.001519750 per sharethousands)
Year Ended December 31,
202220212020
Real Estate:
Balance at beginning of year$2,015,330 $2,890,958 $2,896,766 
Additions:
Acquisitions144,424 66,890 14,876 
Improvements4,735 23,288 31,260 
Other adjustments182 978 — 
Deductions:
Impairment(53,230)(29,673)— 
Dispositions(22,241)(936,594)(51,944)
Other adjustments— (517)— 
Balance at end of year$2,089,200 $2,015,330 $2,890,958 
Accumulated Depreciation:
Balance at beginning of year$(165,784)$(197,134)$(128,304)
Additions:
Depreciation(51,584)(56,999)(69,623)
Deductions:
Impairment8,250 2,507 — 
Dispositions— 85,325 793 
Other adjustments— 517 — 
Balance at end of year$(209,118)$(165,784)$(197,134)

S-5

Table of Class T common stock, which will be equal to an annualized distribution rate of 5.68%, assuming a purchase price of $9.766 per share. The distributions declared for each record date in March 2018, April 2018 and May 2018 will be paid in April 2018, May 2018 and June 2018, respectively. The distributions will be payable to stockholders from legally available funds therefor.Contents
Class T2 SharesEXHIBIT INDEX
On January 31, 2018, the board of directors of the Company approved and declared a daily distribution to the Company’s Class T2 stockholders of record as of the close of business on each day of the period commencing on the day following the date on which the first Class T2 Share is purchased and ending May 31, 2018. The distribution will be calculated based on 365 days in the calendar year and will be equal to $0.001522356 per share of Class T2 common stock, which will be equal to an annualized distribution rate of 5.72%Effective September 30, 2020, Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT II, Inc., assuming a purchase price of $9.714 per share. The distributions declared for each record date in March 2018, April 2018 and May 2018 will be paid in April 2018, May 2018 and June 2018, respectively. The distributions will be payable to stockholders from legally available funds therefor.


Amendments to Dealer Manager Agreement
On February 21, 2018, the Company entered into the Eighth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Dealer Manager Agreement, by and among the Company, Advisor, and Dealer Manager in order to incorporate the terms of Class T2 shares into the Dealer Manager Agreement, including terms related to fees associated with the sale of Class T2 shares. On March 12, 2018, the Company entered into the Ninth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Dealer Manager Agreement, by and among the Company, Advisor and Dealer Manager to clarify the selling commissions payable in connection with Class T2 shares. 
Third Amendment to Operating Partnership Agreement
On February 21, 2018, the Company entered into the Third Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Carter Validus Operating Partnership II, LP, with theCVMC REIT II, LLC, CVOP Partner, LLC, Carter/Validus Operating Partnership, LP and AdvisorCV Manager, LLC changed their names to Sila Realty Trust, Inc., Sila Realty Operating Partnership, LP, Sila REIT, LLC, Sila Partner, LLC, Sila Operating Partnership, LP and Sila Realty Management Company, LLC, respectively. With respect to documents executed prior to the name change, the following Exhibit List refers to the entity names used prior to the name changes in order to add Class T2 OP Units as a resultaccurately reflect the names of the Company’s addition of Class T2 shares in the Offering.entities that appear on such documents.
Status of the Offering
As of March 16, 2018, the Company had accepted investors’ subscriptions for and issued approximately 84,975,000 shares of Class A common stock, 8,152,000 shares of Class I common stock, 37,521,000 shares of Class T common stock and no shares of Class T2 common stock in the Offerings, resulting in receipt of gross proceeds of approximately $841,384,000, $74,555,000, $360,650,000 and $0, respectively. As of March 16, 2018, the Company had approximately $960,271,000 in Class A shares, Class I shares and Class T2 shares of common stock remaining in the Offering and approximately $86,872,000 in Class A shares, Class I shares, Class T shares and Class T2 shares of common stock remaining in the DRIP Offering.
Acquisitions
The following table summarizes properties acquired subsequent to December 31, 2017 and through March 21, 2018:
Property Date Acquired 
Purchase Price (3)
 Ownership
Rancho Cordova Data Center I (1)
 03/14/2018 $36,800,000 100%
Rancho Cordova Data Center II (2)
 03/14/2018 $14,160,000 100%
(1)Exhibit
No:
The property is leased to a single tenant.
(2)3.1The property is leased
Third Articles of Amendment and Restatement (included as Exhibit 3.1 to two tenants.
(3)The property acquisition was funded using net proceeds from the Initial OfferingRegistrant's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55435) filed on August 15, 2022, and the Offering and the secured credit facility.


CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II, INC.
SCHEDULE III
REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
December 31, 2017
(in thousands)
      Initial Cost Cost
Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition
 Gross Amount
Carried at
December 31, 2017 (b)
      
Property Description Location Encumbrances Land Buildings and
Improvements
  Land Buildings and
Improvements
 Total Accumulated
Depreciation (c)
 Year
Constructed
 Date
Acquired
Cy Fair Surgical Center Houston, TX $
(a)$762
 $2,970
 $106
 $762
 $3,076
 $3,838
 $346
 1993 07/31/2014
Mercy Healthcare Facility Cincinnati, OH 
(a)356
 3,167
 40
 356
 3,207
 3,563
 307
 2001 10/29/2014
Winston-Salem, NC IMF Winston-Salem, NC 
(a)684
 4,903
 
 684
 4,903
 5,587
 444
 2004 12/17/2014
New England Sinai Medical Center Stoughton, MA 
(a)4,049
 19,991
 1,870
 4,049
 21,861
 25,910
 1,700
 1967/1973(d)12/23/2014
Baylor Surgical Hospital at Fort Worth Fort Worth, TX 
(a)8,297
 35,615
 
 8,297
 35,615
 43,912
 2,840
 2014 12/31/2014
Baylor Surgical Hospital Integrated Medical Facility Fort Worth, TX 
(a)367
 1,587
 164
 367
 1,751
 2,118
 236
 2014 12/31/2014
Winter Haven Healthcare Facility Winter Haven, FL 
 
 2,805
 
 
 2,805
 2,805
 230
 2009 01/27/2015
Heartland Rehabilitation Hospital Overland Park, KS 
(a)1,558
 20,549
 
 1,558
 20,549
 22,107
 1,553
 2014 02/17/2015
Indianapolis Data Center Indianapolis, IN 
(a)524
 6,422
 37
 524
 6,459
 6,983
 444
 2000(e)04/01/2015
Clarion IMF Clarion, PA 
(a)462
 5,377
 
 462
 5,377
 5,839
 462
 2012 06/01/2015
Post Acute Webster Rehabilitation Hospital Webster, TX 
(a)1,858
 20,140
 
 1,858
 20,140
 21,998
 1,342
 2015 06/05/2015
Eagan Data Center Eagan, MN 
(a)768
 5,037
 
 768
 5,037
 5,805
 395
 1998(f)06/29/2015
Houston Surgical Hospital and LTACH Houston, TX 
(a)8,329
 36,297
 
 8,329
 36,297
 44,626
 2,582
 1950(g)06/30/2015
KMO IMF - Cincinnati I Cincinnati, OH 
(a)1,812
 24,382
 
 1,812
 24,382
 26,194
 1,769
 1959(h)07/22/2015
KMO IMF - Cincinnati II Cincinnati, OH 
(a)446
 10,239
 4
 446
 10,243
 10,689
 669
 2014 07/22/2015
KMO IMF - Florence Florence, KY 
(a)650
 9,919
 1
 650
 9,920
 10,570
 646
 2014 07/22/2015
KMO IMF - Augusta Augusta, ME 
(a)556
 14,401
 
 556
 14,401
 14,957
 1,001
 2010 07/22/2015
KMO IMF - Oakland Oakland, ME 
(a)229
 5,416
 
 229
 5,416
 5,645
 407
 2003 07/22/2015
Reading Surgical Hospital Wyomissing, PA 
(a)1,504
 20,193
 
 1,504
 20,193
 21,697
 1,341
 2007 07/24/2015
Post Acute Warm Springs Specialty Hospital of Luling Luling, TX 
(a)824
 7,530
 
 824
 7,530
 8,354
 497
 2002 07/30/2015
Minnetonka Data Center Minnetonka, MN 
(a)2,085
 15,099
 25
 2,085
 15,124
 17,209
 1,261
 1985 08/28/2015
Nebraska Healthcare Facility Omaha, NE 
(a)1,259
 9,796
 
 1,259
 9,796
 11,055
 568
 2014 10/14/2015
Heritage Park - Sherman I Sherman, TX 
(a)1,679
 23,926
 
 1,679
 23,926
 25,605
 1,321
 2005(i)11/20/2015
Heritage Park - Sherman II Sherman, TX 
(a)214
 3,209
 
 214
 3,209
 3,423
 179
 2005 11/20/2015
Baylor Surgery Center at Fort Worth Fort Worth, TX 
(a)3,120
 9,312
 
 3,120
 9,312
 12,432
 500
 1998(j)12/23/2015
HPI - Oklahoma City I Oklahoma City, OK 22,500
 4,626
 30,509
 
 4,626
 30,509
 35,135
 1,691
 1985(k)12/29/2015
HPI - Oklahoma City II Oklahoma City, OK 
(a)991
 8,366
 
 991
 8,366
 9,357
 493
 1994(l)12/29/2015
Waco Data Center Waco, TX 
(a)873
 8,233
 
 873
 8,233
 9,106
 425
 1956(m)12/30/2015
HPI - Edmond Edmond, OK 
(a)796
 3,199
 
 796
 3,199
 3,995
 184
 2002 01/20/2016
HPI - Oklahoma City III Oklahoma City, OK 
(a)368
 2,344
 
 368
 2,344
 2,712
 135
 2007 01/27/2016


      Initial Cost Cost
Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition
 Gross Amount
Carried at
December 31, 2017 (b)
      
Property Description Location Encumbrances Land Buildings and
Improvements
  Land Buildings and
Improvements
 Total Accumulated
Depreciation (c)
 Year
Constructed
 Date
Acquired
HPI - Oklahoma City IV Oklahoma City, OK 
(a)452
 1,081
 
 452
 1,081
 1,533
 64
 2006 01/27/2016
Alpharetta Data Center III Alpharetta, GA 
 3,395
 11,081
 25
 3,395
 11,106
 14,501
 576
 1999 02/02/2016
Flint Data Center Flint, MI 
(a)111
 7,001
 
 111
 7,001
 7,112
 356
 1987 02/02/2016
HPI - Newcastle Newcastle, OK 
(a)412
 1,173
 
 412
 1,173
 1,585
 67
 1995(n)02/03/2016
HPI - Oklahoma City V Oklahoma City, OK 
(a)541
 12,445
 
 541
 12,445
 12,986
 688
 2008 02/11/2016
Vibra Rehabilitation Hospital Rancho Mirage, CA 
 2,724
 7,626
 23,707
 2,724
 31,333
 34,057
 (o)
 (o) 03/01/2016
HPI - Oklahoma City VI Oklahoma City, OK 
(a)896
 3,684
 
 896
 3,684
 4,580
 201
 2007 03/07/2016
Tennessee Data Center Franklin, TN 
(a)6,624
 10,971
 149
 6,624
 11,120
 17,744
 525
 2015 03/31/2016
HPI - Oklahoma City VII Oklahoma City, OK 25,000
 3,203
 32,380
 
 3,203
 32,380
 35,583
 1,310
 2016 06/22/2016
Post Acute Las Vegas Rehabilitation Hospital Las Vegas, NV 
 2,614
 639
 22,529
 2,894
 22,888
 25,782
 25
 2017(p)06/24/2016
Somerset Data Center Somerset, NJ 
(a)906
 10,466
 
 906
 10,466
 11,372
 466
 1973(q)06/29/2016
Integris Lakeside Women's Hospital Oklahoma City, OK 
(a)2,002
 15,384
 
 2,002
 15,384
 17,386
 614
 1997(r)06/30/2016
AT&T Hawthorne Data Center Hawthorne, CA 39,749
 16,498
 57,312
 
 16,498
 57,312
 73,810
 1,882
 1963(s)09/27/2016
McLean I McLean, VA 23,460
 31,554
 4,930
 7
 31,554
 4,937
 36,491
 165
 1966(t)10/17/2016
McLean II McLean, VA 27,540
 20,392
 22,727
 6
 20,392
 22,733
 43,125
 706
 1991(u)10/17/2016
Select Medical Rehabilitation Facility Marlton, NJ 31,790
 
 57,154
 5
 
 57,159
 57,159
 1,608
 1995 11/01/2016
Andover Data Center II Andover, MA 
(a)6,566
 28,072
 1
 6,566
 28,073
 34,639
 897
 2000 11/08/2016
Grand Rapids Healthcare Facility Grand Rapids, MI 30,450
 2,533
 39,487
 43
 2,533
 39,530
 42,063
 1,345
 2008 12/07/2016
Corpus Christi Surgery Center Corpus Christi, TX 
 975
 4,963
 58
 1,002
 4,994
 5,996
 141
 1992 12/22/2016
Chicago Data Center II Downers Grove, IL 
(a)1,329
 29,940
 (545) 1,358
 29,366
 30,724
 779
 1987(v)12/28/2016
Blythewood Data Center Blythewood, SC 
(a)612
 17,714
 (234) 634
 17,458
 18,092
 463
 1983 12/29/2016
Tempe Data Center Tempe, AZ 
(a)2,997
 11,991
 
 2,997
 11,991
 14,988
 294
 1977(w)01/26/2017
Aurora Healthcare Facility Aurora, IL 
(a)973
 9,632
 
 973
 9,632
 10,605
 206
 2002 03/30/2017
Norwalk Data Center Norwalk, CT 34,200
 10,125
 43,360
 
 10,125
 43,360
 53,485
 878
 2013 03/30/2017
Texas Rehab - Austin Austin, TX 20,881
 1,368
 32,039
 
 1,368
 32,039
 33,407
 683
 2012 03/31/2017
Texas Rehab - Allen Allen, TX 13,150
 857
 20,582
 
 857
 20,582
 21,439
 439
 2007 03/31/2017
Texas Rehab - Beaumont Beaumont, TX 5,869
 946
 8,372
 
 946
 8,372
 9,318
 179
 1991 03/31/2017
Texas Rehab - San Antonio San Antonio, TX 10,500
 1,813
 11,706
 
 1,813
 11,706
 13,519
 173
 1985/1992 06/29/2017
Charlotte Data Center II Charlotte, NC 
(a)372
 17,131
 
 372
 17,131
 17,503
 272
 1989(x)05/15/2017
250 Williams Atlanta Data Center Atlanta, GA 116,200
 19,159
 129,778
 102
 19,159
 129,880
 149,039
 2,549
 1989(y)06/15/2017
Sunnyvale Data Center Sunnyvale, CA 
(a)10,013
 24,709
 
 10,013
 24,709
 34,722
 344
 1992(z)06/28/2017
Cincinnati Data Center Cincinnati, OH 
(a)1,556
 8,966
 
 1,556
 8,966
 10,522
 136
 1985(aa)06/30/2017
Silverdale Healthcare Facility Silverdale, WA 
(a)1,530
 7,506
 
 1,530
 7,506
 9,036
 85
 2005 08/25/2017
Silverdale Healthcare Facility II Silverdale, WA 
(a)1,542
 4,981
 
 1,542
 4,981
 6,523
 49
 2007 09/20/2017
King of Prussia Data Center King of Prussia, PA 12,503
 1,015
 17,413
 
 1,015
 17,413
 18,428
 131
 1960(ab)09/28/2017
Tempe Data Center II Tempe, AZ 
(a)
 15,803
 
 
 15,803
 15,803
 122
 1998 09/29/2017
Houston Data Center Houston, TX 48,607
 10,082
 101,051
 
 10,082
 101,051
 111,133
 321
 2013 11/16/2017
Saginaw Healthcare Facility Saginaw, MI 
(a)1,251
 15,878
 
 1,251
 15,878
 17,129
 24
 2002 12/21/2017


      Initial Cost Cost
Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition
 Gross Amount
Carried at
December 31, 2017 (b)
      
Property Description Location Encumbrances Land Buildings and
Improvements
  Land Buildings and
Improvements
 Total Accumulated
Depreciation (c)
 Year
Constructed
 Date
Acquired
Elgin Data Center Elgin, IL 5,736
 1,067
 7,861
 
 1,067
 7,861
 8,928
 10
 2000 12/22/2017
Oklahoma City Data Center Oklahoma City, OK 
 1,868
 44,253
 
 1,868
 44,253
 46,121
 48
 2008/2016 12/27/2017
    $468,135
 $222,919
 $1,280,175
 $48,100
 $223,277
 $1,327,917
 $1,551,194
 $45,789
    
(a)Property collateralized under the secured credit facility. As of December 31, 2017, 48 commercial properties were collateralized under the secured credit facility and the Company had $220,000,000 aggregate principal amount outstanding thereunder.
(b)The aggregated cost for federal income tax purposes is approximately $1,409,721,000 (unaudited).
(c)The Company’s assets are depreciated or amortized using the straight-line method over the useful lives of the assetsincorporated herein by class. Generally, buildings and improvements are depreciated over 15-40 years.
(d)The New England Sinai Medical Center consists of two buildings and was renovated beginning in 1997.
(e)The Indianapolis Data Center was renovated in 2014.
(f)The Eagan Data Center was renovated in 2015.
(g)The Houston Surgical Hospital and LTACH was renovated in 2005 and 2008.
(h)The KMO IMF - Cincinnati I was renovated in 1970 and 2013.
(i)The Heritage Park - Sherman I was renovated in 2010.
(j)The Baylor Surgery Center at Fort Worth was renovated in 2007 and 2015.
(k)The HPI - Oklahoma City I was renovated in 1998 and 2003.
(l)The HPI - Oklahoma City II was renovated in 1999.
(m)The Waco Data Center was renovated in 2009.
(n)The HPI - Newcastle was renovated in 1999.
(o)As of December 31, 2017, the Vibra Rehabilitation Hospital was under construction; therefore, depreciation is not applicable.
(p)The Post Acute Las Vegas Rehabilitation Hospital was redeveloped into a healthcare facility in 2017.
(q)The Somerset Data Center was renovated in 2006.
(r)The Integris Lakeside Women's Hospital was renovated in 2008.
(s)The AT&T Hawthorne Data Center was renovated in 1983 and 2001.
(t)The McLean I was renovated in 1998.
(u)The McLean II was renovated in 1998.
(v)The Chicago Data Center II was renovated in 2016.
(w)The Tempe Data Center was renovated in 1983, 2008 and 2011.
(x)The Charlotte Data Center II was renovated in 2016.
(y)250 Williams Atlanta Data Center was renovated in 2007.
(z)The Sunnyvale Data Center was renovated in 1998.

reference).

(aa)The Cincinnati Data Center was renovated in 2001.
(ab)The King of Prussia Data Center was renovated in 1997.





CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II, INC.
SCHEDULE III
REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
(CONTINUED)
December 31, 2017
(in thousands)
 2017 2016 2015
Real Estate     
Balance at beginning of year$915,521
 $415,776
 $82,748
Additions:     
Acquisitions601,546
 487,276
 331,524
Improvements34,127
 12,469
 1,504
Balance at end of year$1,551,194
 $915,521
 $415,776
Accumulated Depreciation     
Balance at beginning of year$(18,521) $(5,262) $(133)
Depreciation(27,268) (13,259) (5,129)
Balance at end of year$(45,789) $(18,521) $(5,262)


EXHIBIT INDEX 
Pursuant to Item 601(a)(2) of Regulation S-K, this Exhibit Index immediately precedes the exhibits.
The following exhibits are included, or incorporated by reference, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (and are numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K).
Exhibit
No:
3.2
3.1
3.2
3.3
4.1
3.4
3.5
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4


4.7*
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.10
10.11
10.12
10.13
10.14
10.15
10.16
10.17


10.18
10.19
10.20
10.21
10.22
10.23
10.24
10.25
10.26
10.27
10.28
10.29
10.30
10.31
10.32


10.1†
10.33
10.34
10.35
10.36
10.37
10.38
10.39
10.40
10.41
10.4210.2
10.43
10.44
10.45
10.46
10.47


10.48
10.49
10.50
10.51
10.52
10.53
10.54
10.55
10.56
10.57
10.58
10.59
10.60
10.61
10.62


10.63
10.64
10.65
10.66
10.67
10.68
10.69
10.70
10.71
10.72
10.73
10.74
10.75


10.76
10.77
10.78
10.79
10.80
10.8110.3
10.82
10.8310.4
JoinderGuaranty Agreement (Revolving Credit Agreement), dated March 30, 2017,as of February 15, 2022, by HCII-2111 OGDEN AVENUE,and among Sila Realty Operating Partnership, LP, Sila Operating Partnership, LP, and Sila REIT, LLC, each a Required Guarantor, and collectively, the Required Guarantors, and each of the subsidiaries of Sila Realty Trust, Inc., as Borrower, that are signatories to KeyBank National Association,the agreement and each additional guarantor that may become a party to the Guaranty Agreement, individually and collectively, jointly and severally, the Guarantors, to and for the benefit of Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent, for itself and the lenders listed in the Guaranty Agreement (included as Exhibit 10.110.3 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55435) filed on April 4, 2017,February 22, 2022, and incorporated herein by reference).


Table of Contents
10.8410.5
Amendment to Collateral AssignmentGuaranty Agreement (Term Loan Agreement), dated as of Interests, dated March 30, 2017,February 15, 2022, by and between Carter Validusamong Sila Realty Operating Partnership, II, LP, Sila Operating Partnership, LP, and Sila REIT, LLC, each a Required Guarantor, and collectively, the Required Guarantors, and each of the subsidiaries of Sila Realty Trust, Inc., as Assignor,Borrower, that are signatories to the agreement and KeyBank National Association,each additional guarantor that may become a party to the Guaranty Agreement, individually and collectively, jointly and severally, the Guarantors, to and for the benefit of Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent, for itself and the other lenders from time to time a party tolisted in the KeyBank Credit FacilityGuaranty Agreement (included as Exhibit 10.210.4 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55435) filed on April 4, 2017,February 22, 2022, and incorporated herein by reference).
10.8510.6
10.8610.7
JoinderGuaranty Agreement, dated as of May 15, 2017,17, 2022, by DCII-1400 CROSSBEAM DR.and among Sila Realty Operating Partnership, LP, Sila Operating Partnership, LP, and Sila REIT, LLC, each a Required Guarantor, and collectively, the Required Guarantors, and each of the subsidiaries of Sila Realty Trust, Inc., LPas Borrower, that are signatories to KeyBank National Association,the agreement and each additional guarantor that may become a party to the Guaranty Agreement, individually and collectively, jointly and severally, the Guarantors, to and for the benefit of Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent, for itself and the lenders listed in the Guaranty Agreement Runners (included as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55435) filed on May 17, 2017,18, 2022, and incorporated hereinby reference).
10.8710.8†
10.88
10.89


10.9010.9†
10.91
10.92
10.93
10.94
10.95
10.96
10.97
10.98
10.99
10.100
10.101
10.102
10.103
10.104


21.1*
10.105
10.10623.1*
10.107
10.108
10.109
10.110
10.111
10.112
21.1
23.1*
31.1*
31.2*
32.1**
32.2**
99.1*
101.INS*XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document and contained in Exhibit 101).


*Filed herewith.
**Filed herewith.
**Furnished herewith in accordance with Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, this Exhibit is not deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section. Such certifications will not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.
Management contract or compensatory plan.




Table of Contents
Item 16.Form 10-K Summary.
The Company has elected not to provide summary information.





SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SILA REALTY TRUST, INC.
CARTER VALIDUS MISSION CRITICAL REIT II, INC.(Registrant)
(Registrant)
Date: March 16, 2023By:/s/    MICHAEL A. SETON
Date: March 21, 2018By:
/s/    JOHN E. CARTER
Michael A. Seton
John E. Carter
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: March 21, 201816, 2023By:
/s/    TODD M. SAKOW
KAY C. NEELY
Todd M. SakowKay C. Neely
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
NameCapacityDate
/s/    MICHAEL A. SETONChief Executive Officer, Director and PresidentMarch 16, 2023
Michael A. Seton(Principal Executive Officer)
NameCapacityDate
/s/    JOHN E. CARTERKAY C. NEELYChief Executive Officer andMarch 21, 2018
John E. CarterChairman of Board of Directors
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/    TODD M. SAKOWChief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President and TreasurerMarch 21, 201816, 2023
Todd M. SakowKay C. Neely(Principal Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/    ROBERT M. WINSLOWDirectorMarch 21, 2018
Robert M. Winslow
/s/    JONATHAN KUCHINDirectorChairman of the Board of DirectorsMarch 21, 201816, 2023
Jonathan Kuchin
/s/    RANDALL GREENEZ. JAMIE BEHARDirectorMarch 21, 201816, 2023
Randall GreeneZ. Jamie Behar
/s/    RONALD RAYEVICHADRIENNE KIRBYDirectorMarch 21, 201816, 2023
Ronald RayevichAdrienne Kirby
/s/    VERETT MIMSDirectorMarch 16, 2023
Verett Mims
/s/    ROGER PRATTDirectorMarch 16, 2023
Roger Pratt