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Table of Contents




UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 20172018
Commission file number 1-11749
 
lenlogo.jpg
Lennar Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 95-4337490
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
700 Northwest 107th Avenue, Miami, Florida 33172
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (305) 559-4000
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, par value 10¢ New York Stock Exchange
Class B Common Stock, par value 10¢ New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
NONE
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES ý NO ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YES ¨ NO ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES ý NO ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES ý NO ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitionthe definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer"filer," "smaller reporting company" and "smaller reporting"emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ý
Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer ¨
Smaller reporting company ¨
   
Emerging growth company ¨
 (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)           
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  YES ¨ NO ý
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s Class A and Class B common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant (198,632,273(286,258,248 shares of Class A common stock and 9,739,51315,650,943 shares of Class B common stock) as of May 31, 2017,2018, based on the closing sale price per share as reported by the New York Stock Exchange on such date, was $10,595,353,196.$15,431,622,455.
As of December 31, 2017,2018, the registrant had outstanding 203,952,285286,454,512 shares of Class A common stock and 36,007,77437,743,361 shares of Class B common stock.
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
Related SectionDocuments
IIIDefinitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A on or before March 30, 2018.2019.





Table of Contents



LENNAR CORPORATION  
     
FORM 10-K  
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 20172018  
     
Part I    
Item 1.  
Item 1A.  
Item 1B.  
Item 2.  
Item 3.  
Item 4.  
     
Part II    
Item 5. 
Item 6. 
Item 6.
Item 7.  
Item 7A. 
Item 8. 
Item 8.
Item 9.  
Item 9A.  
Item 9B.  
     
Part III    
Item 10.  
Item 11.  
Item 12.  
Item 13.  
Item 14.  
     
Part IV    
Item 15.  
Item 16.  
     
Signatures 
     
Financial Statement Schedule 





Table of Contents


PART I


Item 1.Business
Overview of Lennar Corporation
We are onethe largest homebuilder in the United States in terms of the nation’s largest homebuilders, a providerconsolidated revenue, an originator of real estate related financial services, aresidential and commercial real estate, investment management and finance company through our Rialto segmentmortgage loans, and a developer of multifamily rental properties in selectvarious U.S. markets primarily through unconsolidated entities. In addition, we are involved in ventures, and have interests in companies, that are engaged in applying technology to purchasing, residing in and selling homes.
Our homebuilding operations are the most substantial part of our business, comprising $11.2$19.1 billion in revenues, or approximately 89%93% of consolidated revenues, in fiscal 2017. On October 29, 2017, we entered into an agreement (the "Merger Agreement") pursuant to which CalAtlantic Group, Inc. (“CalAtlantic”), another of the nation’s largest homebuilders, will be merged with and into a subsidiary of Lennar (the "Merger"). That transaction, which is subject to approval by both our stockholders and CalAtlantic’s stockholders, will make us the largest homebuilder in the United States based on revenues.2018.
As of November 30, 2017,2018, our reportable homebuilding segments and Homebuilding Other had divisions located in:
East:Florida,(1), Georgia, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, and South Carolina and Virginia
Central: Arizona, Colorado and Texas
West: California and Nevada
Other:Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Oregon, Tennessee and WashingtonVirginia
(1) Florida includes informationTexas: Texas
West:Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, Oregon, Utah and Washington
Other:Urban divisions and other homebuilding related to WCI Communities, Inc. ("WCI") from the date of acquisition (February 10, 2017) to November 30, 2017.investments, including FivePoint
Our other reportable segments are Lennar Financial Services, RialtoLennar Multifamily and Lennar Multifamily.For financialRialto.Financial information about our Homebuilding, Lennar Financial Services, Rialto and Lennar Multifamily and Rialto operations, reviewincluding our former Rialto Capital Management investment and asset management platform ("Rialto Management Group"), which we sold on November 30, 2018, is contained in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, which is Item 7 of this Report, and our consolidated financial statements and the notes to our consolidated financial statements, which are included in Item 8 of this Report. As of December 1, 2018, our reportable segments in addition to homebuilding were Lennar Financial Services, including Rialto Mortgage Finance ("RMF"), Lennar Multifamily and Corporate and Other.
A Brief History of Our Company
We are a national homebuilder that operates in various states with deliveries of 29,394 new homes in 2017. Our company was founded as a local Miami homebuilder in 1954. We completed our initial public offering in 1971 and listed our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange in 1972. During the 1980s and 1990s, we entered and expanded operations in a number of homebuilding markets, including California, Florida and Texas, through both organic growth and acquisitions, such as Pacific Greystone Corporation in 1997. In 1997, we completed the spin-off of our then commercial real estate business, LNR Property Corporation. In 2000, we acquired U.S. Home Corporation, which expanded our operations into New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, Minnesota and Colorado and strengthened our position in other states. From 2002 through 2005, we acquired several regional homebuilders, which brought us into new markets and strengthened our position in several existing markets. Through the most recent economic downturn, we strengthened and expanded our competitive position through strategic purchases of land at favorable prices. From 2010 through 2013, we expanded our homebuilding operations into the Georgia, Oregon, Washington and Tennessee markets.Tennessee. In 2017, we acquired WCI for $642.6 million in cash. WCI isCommunities, Inc. ("WCI"), a homebuilder of luxury single and multifamily homes, including a small percentagenumber of luxury high-rise tower units, with operations in Florida. WCI'sIn February 2018, we acquired CalAtlantic Group, Inc. ("CalAtlantic"), a major homebuilder which was building homes tower unitsacross the homebuilding spectrum, from entry level to luxury, in 43 metropolitan statistical areas spanning 19 states, and communities are primarily targeted to move-up, active adultproviding mortgage, title and second-home buyers.escrow services. As a result, we became the nation's largest homebuilder in terms of consolidated revenues, with fiscal year 2018 revenues of $20.6 billion.
We are currently focused on maintaining moderate growth in community count and homes sales, reducing homebuilding costs through volume purchasing, increasing the efficiencies in our building process and reducing selling, general and administrative expenses by using technology and innovative strategies to reduce customer acquisition costs, as well ascosts. We are also focused on oura soft-pivot land strategy, shortening the average time between when we acquire land and when we expect to begin building homes on it. This decreases the percentage of homesites we need to purchase outright versus control through options or other arrangements, as well as increases the rate of return on our homebuilding investment and generating net cash flow. In addition we are focused on our strategic investments in technology companies that are looking to improve the homebuilding and financial services industry to better serve our customers and increase efficiencies.
In 2017, we decided to increase our focus on our core homebuilding and related finance businesses, and to dispose of some of our non-core businesses. During fiscal 2018 and the early part of 2019, we disposed of our Rialto Management Group, the majority of our retail title business, our title insurance underwriting business and our real estate brokerage business and contracted to sell our business of offering residential mortgages to non-Lennar homebuyers.

In addition to focusing on growing our core operating platforms, Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Financial Services, we have also been focusing on maximizing the value of our other businesses, including Rialto, Lennar Multifamily, and Five Pointour approximately 40% interest in FivePoint Holdings, LLC ("FivePoint") (included as one of our Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities), whicha publicly traded company that is developing three very large multi-use planned developments in California.
CalAtlantic Merger
On October 29, 2017, we entered into an agreement pursuantCalifornia, and our strategic investments in technology companies that are looking to which CalAtlantic will be merged with and into a subsidiary of ours. CalAtlantic builds homes acrossimprove the homebuilding spectrum, from entry leveland financial services industry to luxury, in over 43 metropolitan statistical areas spanning 19 states. Although CalAtlantic also provides mortgage, titlebetter serve our customers and escrow services, for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, homebuilding revenue (consisting of home and land sales revenues) accounted for over 98% of CalAtlantic’s consolidated total revenue. We will issue an estimated 83.8 million shares of Class A common stock and 1.7 million shares of Class B common stock, and will make cash payments to CalAtlantic stockholders totaling $1.16increase efficiencies.

billion, as a result of the transaction. The transaction is subject to approval by our stockholders and by CalAtlantic’s stockholders at meetings scheduled to be held on February 12, 2018. As of and for the year ended December 31, 2017, CalAtlantic had:
14,602 home deliveries at an average sales price of $450,000
Net new orders of 15,205 at an average sales price of $459,000
565 average active selling communities
Backlog of 6,420 homes and backlog dollar value of $3.2 billion
67,961 homesites owned and controlled as of September 30, 2017
Homebuilding Operations
Overview
Our homebuilding operations include the construction and sale of single-family attached and detached homes as well as the purchase, development and sale of residential land directly and through unconsolidated entities in which we have investments. New home deliveries, including deliveries from unconsolidated entities, were 45,627 in fiscal 2018, compared to 29,394 in fiscal 2017 compared toand 26,563 in fiscal 2016 and 24,2922016. The increase in fiscal 2015.2018 resulted primarily from the acquisition of CalAtlantic in February 2018. We primarily sell single-family attached and detached homes in communities targeted to first-time, homebuyers, move-up, homebuyers, active adult, homebuyers and luxury homebuyers (with the acquisition of WCI).homebuyers. The average sales price of a Lennar home varies depending on product and geographic location. For fiscal 2017,2018, the average sales price, excluding deliveries from unconsolidated entities, was $376,000,$413,000, compared to $376,000 in fiscal 2017 and $361,000 in fiscal 2016 and $344,000 in fiscal 2015.2016.
We operate primarily under the Lennar brand name. Our homebuilding mission is focused on the profitable development of residential communities. Key elements of our strategy include:
Strong Operating Margins - We believe our operating leverage combined with our attractive land purchases position us for strong operating margins.
Strong Operating Margins - We believe our purchasing leverage combined with our attractive land purchases position us for strong operating margins.
Everything’s Included® Approach - We are focused on distinguishing our products, including through our Everything’s Included® approach, which maximizes our purchasing power, and enables us to include luxury features as standard items in our homes.homes and simplifies our homebuilding operations.
Innovative Homebuilding - We are constantly innovating the homes we build to create products that better meet our customers' needs and desires. Our Next Gen® home, or a home within a home, provides a unique new home solution for multi-generational households as homebuyers often need to accommodate children and parents to share the cost of their mortgage and other living expenses. In fiscal 2017, we delivered 1,475 Next Gen®
Flexible Operating Structure - Our local operating structure gives us the flexibility to make operating decisions based on local homebuilding conditions and customer preferences, while our centralized management structure provides oversight for our homebuilding operations.
Digital Marketing - We are increasingly advertising homes representing an increase of 21% from the prior year and 5% of total home deliveries, excluding unconsolidated entities. The average sales price of the Next Gen® homes delivered in fiscal 2017 was $508,000,through digital channels, which is 35% abovesignificantly increasing the efficiency of our marketing efforts.
Strategic partners and investments - We partner with and/or invest in technology companies that are looking to improve the homebuilding and financial services industry to better serve our customers and increase efficiencies.
Soft-pivot land strategy - We are focused on shortening the average sales price of total home deliveries, excluding unconsolidated entities.time between when we acquire land and when we expect to begin building homes on it.
Flexible Operating Structure - Our local operating structure gives us the flexibility to make operating decisions based on local homebuilding conditions and customer preferences, while our centralized management structure provides oversight for our homebuilding operations.
Digital Marketing - We are increasingly advertising homes through digital channels, which is significantly increasing the efficiency of our marketing efforts.
Diversified Program of Property Acquisition
We generally acquire land for development and for the construction of homes that we sell to homebuyers. Land purchases are subject to specified underwriting criteria and are made through our diversified program of property acquisition, which may consist of:
Acquiring land directly from individual land owners/developers or homebuilders;
Acquiring local or regional homebuilders that own, or have options to purchase, land in strategic markets;
Acquiring land through option contracts, which generally enables us to control portions of properties owned by third parties (including land funds) and unconsolidated entities in which we have investments until we have determined whether to exercise the options;
Acquiring parcels of land through joint ventures or partnerships, which among other benefits, limits the amount of our capital invested in land while increasinghelping to ensure our access to potential future homesites and allowing us to participate in strategic ventures;
Investing in regional developers in exchange for preferential land purchase opportunities; and
Acquiring land in conjunction with Lennar Multifamily;Multifamily.
At November 30, 2018, we owned 201,648 homesites and
Acquiring assets from banks had access through option contracts to an additional 68,623 homesites, of which 59,289 homesites were through option contracts with third parties and opportunity funds, often9,334 homesites were through relationships established by our Rialto segment.

option contracts with unconsolidated entities in which we have investments. At November 30, 2017, we owned 141,126 homesites and had access through option contracts to an additional 37,527 homesites, of which 32,082 homesites were through option contracts with third parties and 5,445 homesites were through option contracts with unconsolidated entities in which we havehad investments. At November 30, 2016, we owned 125,879 homesites and had access through option contracts to an additional 33,166 homesites, of which 26,650 homesites were through option contracts with third parties and 6,516 homesites were through option contracts with unconsolidated entities in which we have investments.
Construction and Development
Through our own efforts and those of unconsolidated entities in which Lennar Homebuilding has investments, we are involved in all phases of planning and building in our residential communities, including land acquisition, site planning, preparation and improvement of land and design, construction and marketing of homes. We use independent subcontractors for most aspects of home construction. At November 30, 2017,2018, we were actively building and marketing homes in 1,329 communities, including five communities being constructed by unconsolidated entities. This was an increase from 765 communities, including four communities being constructed by unconsolidated entities.entities, in which we were actively building and marketing homes at November 30, 2017.
We generally supervise and control the development of land and the design and building of our residential communities with a relatively small labor force. We hire subcontractors for site improvements and virtually all of the work involved in the construction of homes. Arrangements with our subcontractors generally provide that our subcontractors will complete specified work in accordance with price and time schedules and in compliance with applicable building codes and laws. The price schedules may be subject to change to meet changes in labor and material costs or for other reasons. Although homebuilders throughout the country have recently encountered shortages of materials and skilled labor, because of our size we have been less affected by these shortages than many of our competitors. We believe that the current sources and availability of raw materials and labor to our subcontractors are in most locations adequate for our current and planned levels of operation. We generally do not own heavy construction equipment. We finance construction and land development activities primarily with cash generated from operations and debt issuances.corporate debt.
For additional information about our investments in and relationships with unconsolidated entities, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of this Report.
Marketing
We offer a diversified line of homes for first-time, move-up, active adult, luxury and multi-generational homebuyers in a variety of locations ranging from urban infill communities to suburban golf course communities. Our Everything’s Included® marketing program simplifies the home buying experience by including the most desirable features as standard items. This marketing program enables us to differentiate our homes from those of our competitors by creating value throughincluding luxury items as standard features andat competitive pricing, while reducing construction and overhead costs through a simplified construction process, product standardization and volume purchasing. In addition, our advanceswe include solar power, built in including solar powered technologywireless capability and home automation in certainmany of the homes we sell, enhancewhich enhances our brand and improveimproves our ability to generate traffic and sales.
We sell our homes primarily from models that we have designed and constructed. We employ new home consultants who are paid salaries, commissions or both to conduct on-site sales of our homes. We also sell homes through independent realtors.
Most recently our marketing strategy has shifted to increaseincreasingly involved advertising through digital channels including paid search, display advertising, social media and e-mail marketing, all of which drive traffic to our website, www.lennar.com. This has allowed us to attract more qualified and knowledgeable homebuyers and has helped us reduce our selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of home sales revenues. However, we also continue to advertise through more traditional media, including newspapers, radio advertisements and other local and regional publications and on billboards where appropriate. We tailor our marketing strategy and message based on the community being advertised and the customers being targeted, such as advertising our active adult communities in areas where prospective active adult homebuyers live or will potentially want to purchase.
Quality Service
We continually strive to improve homeowner customer satisfaction throughout the pre-sale, sale, construction, closing and post-closing periods. We strive to create a quality home buying experience for our customers through the participation of sales associates, on-site construction supervisors and customer care associates, all working in a team effort, which we believe leads to enhanced customer retention and referrals. The quality of our homes is substantially affected by the efforts of on-site management and others engaged in the construction process, by the materials we use in particular homes, and by other similar factors.
We warrant our new homes against defective materials and workmanship for a minimum period of one year after the date of closing. Although we subcontract virtually all segments of construction to others and our contracts call for the

subcontractors to repair or replace any deficient items related to their trades, we are primarily responsible to the homebuyers for the correction of any deficiencies.

Local Operating Structure and Centralized Management
We balance a local operating structure with centralized corporate level management. Our local operating structure consists of homebuilding divisions across the country, each of which are generallyis usually managed by a division president, a controller and personnel focused on land entitlement, acquisition and development, sales, construction, customer service and purchasing. This local operating structure gives our division presidents and their teams, who generally have significant experience in the homebuilding industry, and in most instances, in their particular markets, the flexibility to make local operating decisions, including land identification, entitlement and development, the management of inventory levels for our current sales volume, community development, home design, construction and marketing of our homes. We centralize at the corporate level decisions related to our overall strategy, acquisitions of land and businesses, risk management, financing, cash management and information systems.
Backlog
Backlog represents the number of homes under sales contracts. Homes are sold using sales contracts, which are generally accompanied by deposits. In some instances, purchasers are permitted to cancel sales contracts if they fail to qualify for financing or under certain other circumstances. We experienced a cancellation rate of 15% in both 2018 and 2017, compared to 16% and 16% in 2016 and 2015, respectively.2016. We do not recognize revenue on homes under sales contracts until the sales are closed and title passes to the new homeowners.
The backlog dollar value including unconsolidated entities at November 30, 20172018 was $6.6 billion, compared to $3.6 billion compared toat November 30, 2017 and $2.9 billion at November 30, 2016 and $2.5 billion at November 30, 2015.2016. We expect that substantially all homes currently in backlog will be delivered in fiscal year 2018.2019.
Lennar Homebuilding Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
We create and participate in joint ventures that acquire and develop land for our homebuilding operations, for sale to third parties or for use in theirthe ventures' own homebuilding operations. Through these joint ventures, we reduce the amount we invest in potential future homesites, thereby mitigating certainreducing risks associated with land acquisitions, and, in some instances, we obtain access to land to which we could not otherwise have obtained access or could not have obtained access on as favorable terms. As of both November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, we had 59 and 38 Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated joint ventures, respectively, in which we were participating, and our maximum recourse debt exposure related to Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated joint ventures was $65.7 million and $69.2 million, respectively. At November 30, 2018, the 59 unconsolidated joint ventures includes 20 unconsolidated entities in which CalAtlantic or a subsidiary is the participant. This is discussed in greater detail in Management’s Discussion and $52.4 million, respectively.Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of this Report.
FivePoint - We own an approximately 40% interest in FivePoint, the publicly traded developer of three large master planned mixed-use developments in California (Newhall Ranch, Great Park Neighborhoods, and the San Francisco Shipyard and Candlestick Point). As of November 30, 2018, the carrying amount of our investment in FivePoint was $342.7 million.
Homebuilding Ancillary Businesses
We have ancillary business activities that are related to our homebuilding business, but are not components of our core homebuilding operations.
FivePoint - In May 2016, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiaries, contributed, or obtained the right to contribute, our investments in three strategic joint ventures which own the Newhall Ranch, Great Park Neighborhoods, and the San Francisco Shipyard and Candlestick Point (the "Shipyard Venture") master planned mixed-use developments in California previously managed by FivePoint Communities, in exchange for an investment in FivePoint, which is currently included within our Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities. A portion of the assets in the Shipyard Venture was retained by us and our Shipyard Venture partner. In May 2017, FivePoint completed its initial public offering ("IPO"). Concurrent with the IPO, we invested an additional $100 million in FivePoint in a private placement. As of November 30, 2017, we owned approximately 40% of FivePoint and the carrying amount of our investment was $359.2 million.
Sunstreet - Our solar business is focused on providing homeowners through solar purchases or lease programs, high-efficiency solar power systems that generate much of a home's annual expected energy needs. In fiscal 2017,2018, Sunstreet expanded its operations into South Carolina and reentered the Nevada market. In addition to these states, Sunstreet also operatesoperated in California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Maryland, Nevada, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas and Washington. During the year ended November 30, 2017, we monetized $200 million of future lease payments related to solar systems.
Strategic Technology Investments - We strategically invest in technology initiatives that help us enhance the homebuying experience, reduce our SG&A and stay at the forefront of homebuilding innovation. Our strategic investments include Opendoor, a company that uses technology to streamline the home buying and selling process; Blend, a company that provides a digital mortgage application platform; Hippo Analytics, a company that provides home insurance in a more efficient and effective way; States Title, a company that builds a predictive analytics platform for title insurers; and Notarize, a company that provides online notarizations. At November 30, 2018, our investment in strategic technology ventures was $117.6 million.

Lennar Financial Services Operations
Residential Mortgage Financing
We offer conforming conventional, FHA-insured and VA-guaranteed residential mortgage loan products and other home mortgage products primarily to buyers of our homes and others through our financial services subsidiary, Eagle Home Mortgage, LLC, from locations in most of the states in which we have homebuilding operations, as well as some other states. In 2017,2018, our financial services subsidiaries provided loans to 80%73% of our homebuyers who obtained mortgage financing in areas where we offered services. Because of the availability of mortgage loans from our financial services subsidiaries, as well as from independent mortgage lenders, we believe almost all credit worthy potential purchasers of our homes have access to financing.

During 2017,2018, we originated approximately 36,500 residential mortgage loans totaling $11.1 billion, compared to 31,600 residential mortgage loans totaling $9.0 billion compared to 33,500 residential mortgage loans totaling $9.3 billion during 2016.2017. Substantially all of the residential mortgage loans we originate are sold within a short period in the secondary mortgage market, thea majority of which are soldthem on a servicing released, non-recourse basis. After the loans are sold, we retain potential liability for possible claims by purchasers that we breached certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties in the loan sale agreements. SeveralOccasional claims of this type have been asserted against us.are a normal incident of our loan securitization activities. We do not believe that the ultimate resolution of these claims will have a material adverse effect on our business or financial position.
We finance our mortgage loan activities with borrowings under our financial services warehouse facilities or from our operating funds. At November 30, 2017,2018, Lennar Financial Services had four warehouse facilities maturing at various dates through fiscal 20182019 with a total maximum aggregate commitment of $1.5$1.9 billion including an uncommitted amount of $325$950 million. We expect the facilities to be renewed or replaced with other facilities when they mature. We have a corporate risk management policy under which we hedge our interest rate risk on rate-locked loan commitments and loans held-for-sale to mitigate exposure to interest rate fluctuations.
Title and Other Insurance and Closing Services
We provideDuring 2018, we provided title insurance and closing services to our homebuyers and others. During 2017, we provided title and closing services forothers in approximately 110,000118,000 real estate transactions, and issued approximately 314,800297,600 title insurance policies through our underwriter subsidiary, North American Title Insurance Company, compared to approximately 116,000110,000 real estate transactions and 298,900314,800 title insurance policies during 2016.2017. Title and closing services by our insurance agency subsidiaries are provided in 35 states. Title insurance services are provided in 4039 states. In December 2018, we agreed to sell to States Title the majority of our retail title insurance business and underwriting business in return for, among other consideration, an ownership interest in States Title. We retained our title agency business that provides services to our homebuyers and rebranded it as CalAtlantic Title.
WeDuring 2018, we also provideprovided our homebuyers and others with personal lines, property and casualty insurance products through our insurance agency subsidiary, North American Advantage Insurance Services, LLC, which operates in the same states as our homebuilding divisions, as well as other states. During 20172018 and 2016,2017, we issued, as agent, approximately 12,80019,800 and 13,50012,800 new homeowner policies, respectively, and renewed approximately 26,50037,400 and 27,70026,500 homeowner policies, respectively.
Rialto OperationsCommercial Mortgage Origination
The Rialto segment is a commercial real estate, investment management, and finance company. Rialto’s primary focus is to manage third-party capital and to originate commercial mortgage loans which it sells into securitizations. It also has invested its own capital in mortgage loans, properties and real estate related securities.
Rialto is the sponsor of, and an investor in, the private equity vehicles listed in the table below, that invest in real estate related assets and make other real estate related investments:
Private Equity VehicleInception YearCommitment
Rialto Real Estate Fund, LP2010$700 million (including $75 million by Lennar)
Rialto Real Estate Fund II, LP2012$1.3 billion (including $100 million by Lennar)
Rialto Mezzanine Partners Fund, LP2013$300 million (including $34 million by Lennar)
Rialto Capital CMBS Funds2014$119 million (including $52 million by Lennar)
Rialto Real Estate Fund III2015$1.9 billion (including $140 million by Lennar)
Rialto Credit Partnership, LP2016$220 million (including $20 million by Lennar)
Rialto owns general partner interests in each of the funds, which entitles it to receive additional revenue through carried interests if the funds exceed certain performance thresholds ("carried interests"). Rialto is also entitled to receive advance distributions in order to cover income tax obligations resulting from allocations of taxable income to hypothetical carried interests in the funds ("advance distributions"). Carried interest and advance distributions are collectively referred to as incentive income. During the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, Rialto received $44.2 million, $10.1 million and $20.0 million, respectively, in incentive income.
For Funds I, II and III, in order to protect investors in the Funds, we agreed that while the Funds were seeking investments (which no longer is the case with regard to Fund I and Fund II) we would not make investments on our behalf that would be suitable for the applicable Fund, unless an Advisory Committee of the Fund decides that the Fund should not make those particular investments, with an exception enabling us to purchase properties for use in connection with our homebuilding operations.
Rialto Mortgage Finance ("RMF")Our RMF subsidiary originates and sells into securitizations five, seven and ten year commercial first mortgage loans, which are secured by income producing commercial properties. RMF also originates floating rate loans secured by commercial real estate properties, many of which are undergoing transition, including properties undergoing lease-up, sell-out and renovation or repositioning. In order to finance RMF lending activities, as of November 30, 2017,2018, RMF had secured five

warehouse repurchase financing agreements maturing between November 2019 and December 2017 and November 20182019 with commitments totaling $1.2 billion,$900 million, which includes $100$50 million for floating rate loans. SubsequentPrior to the sale of our Rialto Management Group on November 30, 2017,2018, RMF was part of the warehouse repurchase financing agreements maturing inRialto operations, but, effective December 2017 and January1, 2018, had their maturity dates extended to December 2019 and December 2018, respectively.RMF became part of Lennar Financial Services.
Lennar Multifamily Operations
We have been actively involved, primarily through unconsolidated entities, in the development, construction and property management of multifamily rental properties. Our Lennar Multifamily segment focuses on developing a geographically diversified portfolio of institutional quality multifamily rental properties in select U.S. markets.
During the year ended November 30, 2017, ourOur Lennar Multifamily segment continued to grow as a leading developeris one of the largest developers of apartment communities across the country withcountry. At November 30, 2018, it had interests in 5355 communities with development costs of approximately $5.1$6.3 billion, of which 1323 communities were completed and operating, 125 communities were partially completed and leasing, 2219 communities were under construction and the remaining communities were either owned or under contract. As of November 30, 2017,2018, our Lennar Multifamily segment had a pipeline of future projects totaling $4.0$3.5 billion in assetsanticipated development costs across a number of states that will be developed primarily by unconsolidated entities.

Our Lennar Multifamily segment had equity investments in 2722 and 2827 unconsolidated entities (including the Lennar Multifamily Venture,Ventures, described below) as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. During the year ended November 30, 2017, unconsolidated entities in which2018, our Lennar Multifamily segment was a participant sold, seventhrough its unconsolidated entities, 6 operating properties and an investment in an operating property resulting in gains allocable to the Lennar Multifamily segmentsegment's $61.2 million share of $96.7 million, which are included in Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities.gains. During theboth years ended November 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, our Lennar Multifamily segment sold seven and two operating properties, respectively, through its unconsolidated entities, resulting in the segment's $91.0$96.7 million and $22.2$91.0 million share of gains, respectively, included withinrespectively.
Originally, our Lennar Multifamily equitysegment focused on building multifamily properties and selling them shortly after they were completed. However, more recently we have focused on creating and participating in earnings from unconsolidated entities.
ventures that build multifamily properties with the intention of retaining them after they are completed. The Lennar Multifamily Venture Fund I LP (the "Venture""Venture Fund") is a long-term multifamily development investment vehicle involved in the development, construction and property management of class-A multifamily assets with $2.2 billion in equity commitments, including a $504 million co-investment commitment by us comprised of cash, undeveloped land and preacquisition costs. As of November 30, 2017, $1.52018, $1.8 billion of the $2.2 billion in equity commitments had been called, of which we havehad contributed $350.7our share of $440.8 million, representingresulting in a remaining equity commitment by us of $63.2 million.
In March 2018, the Lennar Multifamily segment completed the first closing of a second Lennar Multifamily Venture, Lennar Multifamily Venture Fund II LP ("Venture Fund II") for the development, construction and property management of class-A multifamily assets. As of November 30, 2018, Venture II had received $787 million of equity commitments, including a $255 million co-investment commitment by us comprised of cash, undeveloped land and preacquisition costs. As of November 30, 2018, $252.1 million in equity commitments were called, of which we had contributed our pro-rata portionshare of the called equity,$81.2 million, resulting in a remaining equity commitment for usthe Company of $153.3$173.8 million. Venture II is currently seeded with eight undeveloped multifamily assets that were previously purchased by our Lennar Multifamily segment, which will contain approximately 3,000 apartments with projected project costs of approximately $1.3 billion.
For additional information about our investments in and relationships with unconsolidated entities, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of this Report.
Former Rialto Capital Management Operations
Until November 30, 2018, we had a group of subsidiaries, including Rialto Capital Management, LLC, that primarily managed real estate related investment funds and other real estate related investment vehicles. We sold the Rialto Management Group on November 30, 2018. However, we retained the right to receive carried interest distributions from some of the funds and other investment vehicles. We also retained limited partner investments in Rialto funds and investment vehicles that totaled $297.4 million as of November 30, 2018, and are committed to invest as much as an additional $71.6 million in Rialto funds.
Seasonality
We historically have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, variability in quarterly results. Our homebuilding business is seasonal in nature and generally reflects higher levels of new home order activity in our second fiscal quarter and increased deliveries in the second half of our fiscal year. However, periods of economic downturn in the industry can alter seasonal patterns.
Competition
The residential homebuilding industry is highly competitive. We compete for homebuyers inIn each of the market regions where we operate, we compete for homebuyers with numerous national, regional and local homebuilders, as well as with resales of existing homes and with the rental housing market. We compete for homebuyers on the basis of a number of interrelated factors including location, price, reputation, amenities, design, quality and financing. In addition to competition for homebuyers, we also compete with other homebuilders for desirable properties, raw materials and access to reliable, skilled labor. We compete for land buyers with third partiesa wide variety of property owners in our efforts to sell land to homebuilders and others. We believe we are competitive in the market regions where we operate primarily due to our:
Everything’s Included® marketing program, which simplifies the home buying experience by including most desirable features as standard items;
Innovative home designs, such as our Next Gen® homes that provide both privacy and togetherness for multi-generational families;
Inclusion of built-in Wi-Fi and advanced technology in many of our homes;
Financial position, where we continue to focus on inventory management and liquidity;
Access to land, particularly in land-constrained markets;
Access to distressed assets, primarily through relationships established by our Rialto segment;
Pricing to current market conditions through sales incentives offered to homebuyers;

Cost efficiencies realized through our national purchasing programs and production of value-engineered homes; and
Quality construction and home warranty programs, which are supported by a responsive customer care team.
Our size and scale in leading markets
Our residential financial services operations compete with other mortgage lenders, including national, regional and local mortgage bankers and brokers, banks, savings and loan associations and other financial institutions, in the origination and sale of residential mortgage loans. Principal competitive factors include interest rates and other features of mortgage loan products available to the consumer. We compete with other title insurance agencies and underwriters for closing services and title insurance. Principal competitive factors include service and price.
TheOur RMF commercial mortgage origination and sale business of Rialto, and the funds it manages, of purchasing real estate related assets is highly competitive and fragmented. A number of entities and funds have been formed in recent years for the purpose of acquiring real estate related assets and it is likely that additional entities and funds will be formed for this purpose during the next several years. We compete in the marketplace for assets based on many factors, including purchase price, representations, warranties and indemnities, timeliness of purchase decisions and reputation. In marketing of real estate investment funds we sponsor, we competecompetes with a largewide variety of asset managers, including banks and other financial institutionslenders that offer small and real estate investment firms. Rialto’s RMF business competesmid-sized mortgage loans to commercial enterprises. Competition is based primarily on service, price and relationships with other commercial mortgage lenders in a competitive market and its profitability depends on its ability to originate commercial real estate loans and sell them into securitizations at attractive prices.
Some of Rialto's competitors are substantially larger and have a lower cost of funds and greater financial, technical, marketingbrokers and other resources than Rialto and have access to funding sources that may not be available to Rialto. In addition, some of Rialto's competitors may have higher risk tolerances or make different risk assessments, than Rialto does, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than Rialto.
We believe that the major factors distinguishing Rialto from many of its competitorsreferral sources. RMF is that Rialto's team is made up of experienced managers who engage in working out and /or adding value to real estate assets and have been doing that for several years. RMF's business is conductedrun by highly seasoned managers who have been originating and securitizing loans for over 2627 years withand can benefit from long-standing relationships and canwith referral sources, as well as being able to leverage Rialto’s/Lennar’sLennar's infrastructure facilities for a rapid market entrance as well as Rialto’s current underwriting platform.entrances and analysis. We believe these factors give RMF an advantage over many of the lenders with which it competes. Additionally, because Rialto is a lender or capital provider to developers, we believe having ouraccess to Lennar's local homebuilding team participating in the underwriting processteams provides usRMF with a distinct advantage in ourits evaluation of real estate assets. We believe that our experienced team and the infrastructure already in place give the Rialto segment an advantage and position the segment well when compared to a number of its competitors.
Our multifamily operations compete with other multifamily apartment developers and operators, including REITs, across the United States. In addition, our multifamily operations compete in securing capital, partners and equity, and in securing tenants within the large supply of already existing rental apartments. Principal competitive factors include location, rental price and quality, and management of the apartment buildings.
Regulation
The residential communities and multifamily apartment developments that we build are subject to a large variety of local, state and federal statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations relating to, among other things, zoning, construction permits or entitlements, construction materials, density, building design and property elevation, building codes and handling of waste. These include laws requiring the use of construction materials that reduce the need for energy-consuming heating and cooling systems. These laws and regulations are subject to frequent change and often increase construction costs. For example, the California Energy Commission recently adopted a requirement that beginning in 2020, most newly built homes in California must have rooftop solar panels. In some instances, we must comply with laws that require commitments from us to provide roads and other offsite infrastructure, and may require them to be in place prior to the commencement of new construction. These laws and regulations are usually administered by counties and municipalities and may result in fees and assessments or building moratoriums. In addition, certain new development projects are subject to assessments for schools, parks, streets and highways and other public improvements, the costs of which can be substantial. Also, some states are attempting to make homebuilders responsible for violations of wage and other labor laws by their subcontractors.
Residential homebuilding and apartment development are also subject to a variety of local, state and federal statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning the protection of health and the environment. These environmental laws include such areas as storm water and surface water management, soil, groundwater and wetlands protection, subsurface conditions and air quality protection and enhancement. Environmental laws and existing conditions may result in delays, may cause us to incur substantial compliance and other costs and may prohibit or severely restrict homebuilding activity in environmentally sensitive regions or areas. For example, a 2015 decision of the California Supreme Court significantly delayed the start, and increased the cost of a California master planned mixed-use development by a company in which we have an indirecta significant investment.
In recentOver the years, several cities and counties in which we have developments have submitted to voters "slow growth" initiatives and other ballot measures that could impact the affordability and availability of land suitable for residential

development within those localities. Although many of these initiatives have been defeated, we believe that if similar initiatives were approved, residential construction by us and others within certain cities or counties could be seriously impacted.
In order to make it possible for some of our homebuyers to obtain FHA-insured or VA-guaranteed mortgages, we must construct the homes they buy in compliance with regulations promulgated by those agencies. Various states have statutory disclosure requirements relating to the marketing and sale of new homes. These disclosure requirements vary widely from state-to-state. In addition, some states require that each new home be registered with the state at or before the time title is transferred to a buyer (e.g., the Texas Residential Construction Commission Act). In some states, we are required to be registered as a licensed contractor and comply with applicable rules and regulations. In various states, our new home consultants are required to be registered as licensed real estate agents and to adhere to the laws governing the practices of real estate agents.
Our mortgage and title subsidiaries must comply with applicable real estate, lending and insurance laws and regulations. The subsidiaries are licensed in the states in which they do business and must comply with laws and regulations in those states. These laws and regulations include provisions regarding capitalization, operating procedures, investments, lending

and privacy disclosures, forms of policies and premiums. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act contains a number of requirements relating to mortgage lending and securitizations. These include, among others, minimum standards for lender practices, limitations on certain fees and a requirement that the originator of loans that are securitized retain a portion of the risk, either directly or by holding interests in the securitizations.
Several federal, state and local laws, rules, regulations and ordinances, including, but not limited to, the Federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act ("FDCPA") and the Federal Trade Commission Act and comparable state statutes, regulate consumer debt collection activity. Although, for a variety of reasons, we may not be specifically subject to the FDCPA or to some state statutes that govern debt collectors, it is our policy to comply with applicable laws in our collection activities. To the extent that some or all of these laws apply to our collection activities, our failure to comply with such laws could have a material adverse effect on us. We are also subject to regulations promulgated by the Federal Consumer Financial Protection Bureau regarding residential mortgage loans.
Since Rialto manages real estate asset investments, mezzanine loan and commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") funds and two entities partly owned by the FDIC, one of Rialto's entities is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. This Act has requirements related to dealings between investment advisers and the entities they advise and imposes record keeping and disclosure obligations on investment advisers. Our RMF subsidiary must comply with laws and regulations applicable to commercial mortgage lending. Rialto or its subsidiaries must be licensed in states in which they make loans and must comply with laws and regulations in those states.
Associates
At November 30, 2018, we employed 11,626 individuals (excluding persons employed by Rialto Management Group which was sold on that day) of whom 7,844 were involved in the Lennar Homebuilding operations, 3,230 were involved in the Lennar Financial Services operations, 518 were involved in the Lennar Multifamily operations and 34 were involved in the RMF operations, compared to November 30, 2017, when we employed 9,111 individuals of whom 4,900 were involved in the Lennar Homebuilding operations, 3,414 were involved in the Lennar Financial Services operations, 335 were involved in the Rialto operations and 462 were involved in the Lennar Multifamily operations compared to November 30, 2016, when we employed 8,335 individuals of whom 4,351and 335 were involved in our former Rialto operations (including RMF). The sale of the Lennar Homebuilding operations, 3,224 weremajority of our retail title business, title insurance underwriter and Berkshire Hathaway real estate brokerage business in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 will result in a reduction in our associates of approximately 1,600 individuals that are involved in the Lennar Financial Services operations, 365 were involved in the Rialto operations and 395 were involved in the Lennar Multifamily operations.these businesses. We do not have collective bargaining agreements relating to any of our associates. However, we subcontract many phases of our homebuilding operations and some of the subcontractors we use have employees who are represented by labor unions.
NYSE Certification
On April 24, 2017,11, 2018, we submitted our Annual CEO Certification to the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") in accordance with NYSE's listing standards. The certification was not qualified in any respect.

Available Information
Our Form 10-K and all other reports and amendments filed with or furnished to the SEC are publicly available free of charge on the investor relations section of the Lennar website as soon as reasonably practicable after we file such materials with, or furnish them to, the SEC. Our website is www.lennar.com. We caution you that the information on our website is not part of this or any other report we file with, or furnish to, the SEC.

Item 1A.Risk Factors.
The following are what we believe to be the principal risks that could materially affect us and our businesses.
Market and Economic Risks
TheA downturn in the homebuilding recovery has continued its progression; however, a downturn or decline in economic conditionsmarket could adversely affect our operations.
In the first half of fiscal 2017,2018, we continued to experience a steadilyan improving housing market, and we saw increases in new sales contracts signed and homes delivered compared with the prior year. However, demand for new homes is sensitive to changes in economic conditions such as the level of employment, consumer confidence, consumer income, the availability of financing and interest rate levels. During the second half of fiscal 2018, demand for new homes slowed as a result of higher prices and higher interest rates. We believe the reduced demand is temporary, but that may not be the case. The prior economic downturn in 2007-2010 severely affected both the numbersnumber of homes we could sell and the prices for which we could sell them. We cannot predict whetherA continuation of the recovery in the housing market will continue. If the recovery were

to slow or stop, or there were another economic downturn, the resulting decline inrecent reduced demand for new homes would negatively impactcould have a similar effect on us.
We and other homebuilders have been experiencing significant cost increases.
During fiscal 2018, we encountered significant increases in the costs of labor and materials. The increased labor costs were primarily the result of shortages of skilled labor in many parts of the country. The increase in material costs were due to inflationary pressures and, during the middle part of the year, to tariffs on Canadian lumber and other imported building materials. Inability to pass on all the increased costs to homebuyers puts downward pressure on our operating margins in the later months of 2018 and could continue to affect our operating margins in 2019.

An increase in mortgage interest rates could decrease our buyers’ ability or desire to obtain financing and adversely affect our business resultsor financial results.
Mortgage rates are currently low as compared to most historical periods; however, they increased during the past year as the Federal Reserve Board raised its benchmark rate several times, and they appear likely to increase further in 2019. When interest rates increase, the cost of operations and financial condition.owning a new home increases, which usually reduces the number of potential buyers who can afford to purchase a home. The cost of mortgage financing could result in a decline in the demand for our homes.
During the prior economic downturn, we had to take significant write-downs on the carrying values of land we owned and of option values. A future decline in land values could result in similar write-downs.
Inventory risks are substantial for our homebuilding business. There are risks inherent in controlling, owning and developing land and if housing demand declines, we may own land or homesites we acquired at costs we will not be able to recover fully, or on which we cannot build and sell homes profitably. This is particularly true when entitled land becomes increasingly scarce, as it has recently, and the cost of purchasing such land may beis relatively high. Also, there can be significant fluctuations in the value of our owned undeveloped land, building lots and housing inventories related to changes in market conditions. As a result, our deposits for building lots controlled under option or similar contracts may be put at risk, we may have to sell homes or land for lower than anticipated profit margins or we may have to record inventory impairment charges with regard to our developed and undeveloped land and lots. When demand for homes fell during the most recent2007-2010 recession, we were required to take significant write-downs of the carrying value of our land inventory and we elected not to exercise many options to purchase land, even though that required us to forfeit deposits and write-off pre-acquisition costs. Although we have reduced our exposure to costs of that type, a certain amount of exposure is inherent in our homebuilding business. If market conditions were to deteriorate significantly in the future, we could again be required to make significant write downs with regard to our land inventory, which would decrease the asset values reflected on our balance sheet and adversely affect our earnings and our stockholders' equity.
Inflation may adversely affect us by increasing costs beyond what we can recover through price increases.
Inflation can adversely affect us by increasing costs of land, materials and labor. In addition, significant inflation is often accompanied by higher interest rates, which have a negative impact on demand for our homes. In an inflationary environment, depending on homebuilding industry and other economic conditions, we may be unable to raise home prices enough to keep up with the rate of inflation, which would reduce our profit margins. Although the rate of inflation has been low for the last several years, we currently are experiencing increases in the prices of labor and materials above the general inflation rate.
Homebuilding, mortgage lending real estate asset investing and multifamily rentals are very competitive industries, and competitive conditions could adversely affect our business or financial results.
Homebuilding. The homebuilding industry is highly competitive. Homebuilders compete not only for homebuyers, but also for desirable land, financing, raw materials, skilled management and labor resources. We compete in each of our markets with numerous national, regional and local homebuilders. We also compete with sellers of existing homes, including foreclosed homes, and with rental housing. These competitive conditions can reduce the number of homes we deliver, negatively impact our selling prices, reduce our profit margins, and cause impairments in the value of our inventory or other assets. Competition can also affect our ability to acquire suitable land, raw materials and skilled labor at acceptable prices or other terms.
Lennar Financial Services. Our Lennar Financial Services business competesresidential and commercial lending businesses compete with other residential and commercial mortgage lenders, including national, regional and local banks and other financial institutions. Mortgage lenders who have greater access to low cost funds, superior technologies or different lending criteria than we do may be able to offer more attractive financing to potential customers than we can.
Rialto. There are many firms and investment funds that compete with Rialto in trying to acquire mortgage portfolios and other real estate related assets. At least some of the firms with which Rialto competes, or will compete, for investment opportunities have a cost of funds or targeted investment returns that are lower than those of Rialto or the funds it manages, and therefore those firms may be able to pay more for investment opportunities than would be prudent for Rialto or the funds it manages. Our RMF business competes with national and regional banks as well as smaller community banks within the various markets in which it operates and with non-bank lenders, many of which are far larger than RMF or have access to lower cost funds than does RMF.
Lennar Multifamily. Our multifamily rental business competes with other multifamily apartment developers and operators at locations across the U.S. where we have investments in rental properties. We also compete in securing partners, equity capital and debt financing, and we compete for tenants with the large supply of already existing or newly built rental apartments, as well as with sellers of homes. These competitive conditions could negatively impact the ability of the ventures in which we are participating to find renters for the apartments they are building or the prices for which those apartments can be rented.
Operational Risks
We may be subject to significant potential liabilities as a result of warranty and liability claims made against us.

As a homebuilder, we are subject in the ordinary course of our business to warranty and construction defect claims. We are also subject to claims for injuries that occur in the course of construction activities. We record warranty and other reserves for the homes we sell based on historical experience in our markets and our judgment of the qualitative risks associated with the types of homes we build. We have, and many of our subcontractors have, general liability, property, workers compensation and other business insurance. These insurance policies are intended to protect us against risk of loss from claims, subject to self-insured retentions, deductibles and coverage limits. However, it is possible that this insurance will not be adequate to address all warranty, construction defect and liability claims to which we are subject. Additionally, the coverage offered and the availability of general liability insurance for construction defects are currently limited and policies that can be obtained are costly and often include exclusions based upon past losses those insurers suffered as a result of use of defective products in homes we and many other homebuilders built. As a result, an increasing number of our subcontractors are unable to obtain insurance, and we have in

many cases had to waive our customary insurance requirements, which increases our and our insurers’ exposure to claims and increases the possibility that our insurance will not be adequate to protect us against all the costs we incur.
Products supplied to us and work done by subcontractors can expose us to risks that could adversely affect our business.
We rely on subcontractors to perform the actual construction of our homes, and in many cases, to select and obtain building materials. Despite our detailed specifications and quality control procedures, in some cases, subcontractors may use improper construction processes or defective materials. Defective products widely used by the homebuilding industry can result in the need to perform extensive repairs to large numbers of homes. The cost of complying with our warranty obligations may be significant if we are unable to recover the cost of repairs from subcontractors, materials suppliers and insurers.
We also can suffer damage to our reputation, and may be exposed to possible liability, if subcontractors fail to comply with applicable laws, including laws involving things that are not within our control. When we learn about possibly improper practices by subcontractors, we try to cause the subcontractors to discontinue them. However, we may not always be able to do that, and even when we can, it may not avoid claims against us relating to what the subcontractors already did.
Supply shortages and risks related to the demand for skilled labor and building materials could increase costs and delay deliveries.
Increased costs or shortages of skilled labor and/or lumber, framing, concrete, steel and other building materials could cause increases in construction costs and construction delays. During 2017,2018, we experienced increases in the prices of some building materials and shortages of skilled labor in some areas. We generally are unable to pass on increases in construction costs to customers who have already entered into purchase contracts, as those contracts generally fix the price of the homes at the time the contracts are signed, which may be well in advance of the construction of the homes. Sustained increasesIncreases in construction costs that exceeded our increase in home pricing eroded our operating margins in the latter part of fiscal 2018 and may over time, erodecontinue to reduce our operating margins, particularly if pricing competition or weak demand restricts our ability to pass additional costs of materials and labor on to homebuyers.
Reduced numbers of home sales extend the time it takes us to recover land purchase and property development costs.
We incur many costs even before we begin to build homes in a community. Depending on the stage of development a land parcel is in when we acquire it, these may include costs of preparing land, finishing and entitling lots, installing roads, sewers, water systems and other utilities, and taxes and other costs related to ownership of the land on which we plan to build homes. If the rate at which we sell and deliver homes slows, or if we delay the opening of new home communities, we may incur additional pre-construction costs and it may take longer for us to recover our costs.
Increased demand forinterest rates will increase the cost of the homes could require us to increase our corporate credit line, and our inability to do that could limit our ability to take full advantage of market opportunities.we build.
Our business requires that we be ableus to finance much of the developmentcost of developing our residential communities. One of the ways we do this is with bank borrowings. At November 30, 2017,2018, we had a $2.0$2.6 billion revolving credit facility with a group of banks (the "Credit Facility"), which includes a $403$315 million accordion feature, subject to additional commitments. The interest on borrowings under the Credit Facility is at rates based on prevailing short term rates from time to time. Due in part to additional commitments. If market conditions strengthen to the point that we need additional funding but weFederal Reserve Bank actions, short term interest rates increased during fiscal 2018 and are not ablelikely to increase our Credit Facility or obtain funds from other types of financings, that could prevent us from taking full advantageduring fiscal 2019. This increases the cost of the enhanced market opportunities.homes we build, which either makes those homes more expensive for homebuyers, which is likely to reduce demand, or lowers our operating margins, or both.
Failure to comply with the covenants and conditions imposed by our credit facilities could restrict future borrowing or cause our debt to become immediately due and payable.
The agreement governing our Credit Facility (the "Credit Agreement") makes it a default if we fail to pay principal or interest when it is due (subject in some instances to grace periods) or to comply with various covenants, including covenants regarding financial ratios. In addition, our Lennar Financial Services segment has warehouse facilities to finance its residential lending activities and our Rialto segmentRMF commercial lending group has warehouse facilities to finance its mortgage origination activities. If we default under the Credit Agreement or our warehouse facilities, the lenders will have the right to terminate their commitments to lend and to require immediate repayment of all outstanding borrowings. This could reduce our available funds at a time when we are

having difficulty generating all the funds we need from our operations, in capital markets or otherwise, and restrict our ability to obtain financing in the future. Further, Rialto's 7.00% senior notes due 2018 (the "7.00% Senior Notes") contain restrictive covenants imposing operational and financial restrictions on our Rialto segment, including restrictions that may limit Rialto’s ability to sell assets, pay dividends or make other distributions, enter into transactions with affiliates or incur additional indebtedness. In addition, if we default under the Credit Agreement or our warehouse facilities, it could cause the amounts outstanding under our senior notes to become immediately due and payable, which would have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial condition.
We have a substantial level of indebtedness, which may have an adverse effect on our business or limit our ability to take advantage of business, strategic or financing opportunities.
As of November 30, 2017,2018, our consolidated debt, net of debt issuance costs, and excluding amounts outstanding under our credit facilities, was $6.9$8.7 billion. The indentures governing our senior notes do not restrict our incurrence of future secured or unsecured debt, and the agreement governing our Credit Facility allows us to incur a substantial amount of future unsecured debt. OurAmong other things, we incurred a substantial levelamount of indebtedness increases the possibility that we may be unable to generate cash sufficient to pay the principal, interest or other amounts due ondebt in connection with our indebtedness. Further, the expected acquisition of CalAtlantic will make us responsible for CalAtlantic debt, which was $3.8 billion asduring

2018. We substantially reduced our outstanding indebtedness during the remainder of September 30, 2017.2018, but we still have a significant amount of indebtedness. Our reliance on debt to help support our operations exposes us to a number of risks, including:
we may be more vulnerable to general adverse economic and homebuilding industry conditions;
we may have to pay higher interest rates upon refinancing indebtedness if interest rates rise, thereby reducing our earnings and cash flows;
we may find it difficult, or may be unable, to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate requirements that would be in our best long-term interests;
we may be required to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to the payment of principal and interest on our debt, reducing the cash flow available to fund operations and investments;
we may have reduced flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our businesses or the industries in which they are conducted;
we may have a competitive disadvantage relative to other companies in our industry that are less leveraged; and
we may be required to sell debt or equity securities or sell some of our core assets, possibly on unfavorable terms, in order to meet payment obligations.
Our inability to obtain performance bonds or post letters of credit could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows.
We often are required to provide surety bonds to secure our performance or obligations under construction contracts, development agreements and other arrangements. At November 30, 2017,2018, we had outstanding surety bonds of $1.3$2.7 billion including performance surety bonds related to site improvements at various projects (including certain projects of our joint ventures) and financial surety bonds. Although significant development and construction activities have been completed related to these site improvements, these bonds are generally not released until all development and construction activities are completed. Our ability to obtain surety bonds primarily depends upon our credit rating, financial condition, past performance and similar factors, the capacity of the surety market and the underwriting practices of surety bond issuers. TheOur ability to obtain surety bonds also can be impacted by the willingness of insurance companies to issue performance bonds for construction and development activities. If we are unable to obtain surety bonds when required, our results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.
Our Lennar Financial Services segment, andincluding RMF, havehas warehouse facilities that mature between 2018 andin fiscal year 2019, and if we cannotcould not renew or replace these facilities, we mayprobably would have to reduce our mortgage lending and origination activities.
Our Lennar Financial Services segment, excluding RMF, has committed and uncommitted amounts under four warehouse repurchase credit facilities that totaled $1.5$1.9 billion as of November 30, 2017,2018, all of which will mature between December 2017 and December 2018.at various dates through fiscal 2019. Subsequent to November 30, 2017,2018, the warehouse repurchase credit facility due in December 20172018 was extended to December 2018.February 2019. Our Lennar Financial Services segment uses these facilities to finance its residential mortgage lending activities until the mortgage loans it originates are sold to investors. In addition, RMF, theour commercial mortgage lender inlending subsidiary which on December 1, 2018, was moved into our RialtoLennar Financial Services segment, has committed amounts under five warehouse repurchase credit facilities that totaled $1.2 billion$900 million as of November 30, 2017,2018, all of which will mature between December 2017 and November 2018. Subsequent to November 30, 2017, the warehouse credit facilities due December 2017 and January 2018 were extended to December 2019 and December 2018, respectively.2019. RMF uses these facilities primarily to finance its commercial mortgage loan origination activities. We expect these facilities to be renewed or replaced with other facilities when they mature. If we were unable to renew or replace these facilities on favorable terms or at all when they mature, that could seriously impede the activities of our Lennar Financial Services segment, and RMF, as applicable, which would have a material adverse impact on our financial results.

We conduct some of our operations through joint ventures with independent third parties and we can be adversely impacted by our joint venture partners' failures to fulfill their obligations or decisions to act contrary to our wishes.
In our Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily segments, we participate in joint ventures in order to help us acquire attractive land positions, to manage our risk profile and to leverage our capital base. In certain circumstances, joint venture participants, including us, are required to provide guarantees of obligations relating to the joint ventures, such as completion and environmental guarantees. If a joint venture partner does not perform its obligations, we may be required to bear more than our proportional share of the cost of fulfilling them. For example, in connection with our Lennar Multifamily business, and its joint ventures, we and the other venture participants have guaranteed certain obligations to complete construction of multifamily residential buildings at agreed upon costs, which could make us and the other venture participants responsible for cost over-runs. Although all the participants in a venture are normally responsible for sharing the costs of fulfilling obligations of that type, if some of the venture participants are unable or unwilling to meet their share of the obligations, we may be held responsible for some or all of the defaulted payments. In addition, because we do not have a controlling interest in most of the joint ventures in which we participate, we may not be able to cause joint ventures to sell assets, return invested capital or take other actions when such actions might be in our best interest.

Several of the joint ventures in which we participate will in the relatively near future be required to repay, refinance, renegotiate or extend their borrowings. If any of those joint ventures are unable to do this, we could be required to provide at least a portion of the funds the joint ventures need to be able to repay the borrowings and to conductfinance the activities for which they were formed,incurred, which could adversely affect our financial position.
The loss of the services of members of our senior management or a significant number of our operating employees could negatively affect our business.
Our success depends to a significant extent upon the performance and active participation of our senior management, many of whom have been with the Companyus for a significant number of years. If we were to lose members of our senior management, we might not be able to find appropriate replacements on a timely basis and our operations could be negatively affected. Also, the loss of a significant number of operating employees and our inability to hire qualified replacements could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our access to capital and our ability to obtain additional financing could be affected by any downgrade of our credit ratings.
Our corporate credit rating and ratings of our senior notes affect, among other things, our ability to access new capital, especially debt, and the costs of that new capital. A substantial portion of our access to capital is through the issuance of senior notes, of which we have more than $6.0approximately $8.0 billion outstanding, net of debt issuance costs and excluding Rialto's 7.00% Senior Notes, as of November 30, 2017. Further, the expected acquisition of CalAtlantic will make us responsible for CalAtlantic debt, which was $3.8 billion as of September 30, 2017.2018. Among other things, we rely on proceeds of debt issuances to pay the principal of existing senior notes when they mature. Negative changes in the ratings of our senior notes could make it difficult for us to sell senior notes in the future and could result in more stringent covenants and higher interest rates with regard to new senior notes we issue.
We will have to replace or repay a substantial amount of debt in fiscal year 2018.2019.
We have a substantial amount of debt that matures in fiscal year 2018.2019. We have $250 million$1.1 billion of senior notes that mature in June 2018fiscal year 2019 and we will have to replace or renew a total of $2.6$2.1 billion of warehouse lines used by Lennar Financial Services, andincluding RMF as they mature. In addition, assumingIf we complete the acquisition of CalAtlantic, based on balances as of September 30, 2017, CalAtlantic will have to offer to repurchase $258 million of convertible senior notes that otherwise will mature in 2019. CalAtlantic also has $575 million of senior notes and $223 million of convertible senior notes as of September 30, 2017 that mature in May 2018 (although the convertible senior notes are likely tocannot replace or renew this debt when we need it, our operations could be converted before they mature). Additionally, we will have to replace a $750 million revolving credit facility currently maintained by CalAtlantic. We (including CalAtlantic) might have to raise as much as an additional $1.9 billion by December 2018 to replace the senior notes that will become due on or before that date. In January 2018, we commenced offers to exchange any and all of the outstanding $3.0 billion aggregate principal amount of senior notes of CalAtlantic for up to the same aggregate principal amount of new notes issued by Lennar. This includes the notes due in 2018. The new Lennar notes will have the same maturities as the CalAtlantic notes for which they are exchanged, and therefore will not change the maturities of debt that will have to be repaid.adversely affected.
Natural disasters and severe weather conditions could delay deliveries and increase costs of new homes in affected areas, which could harm our sales and results of operations.
Many of our homebuilding operations are conducted in areas that are subject to natural disasters, including hurricanes, earthquakes, droughts, floods, wildfires and severe weather. The occurrence of natural disasters or severe weather conditions can delay new home deliveries, increase costs by damaging inventories and lead to shortages of labor and materials in areas affected by the disasters, and can negatively impact the demand for new homes in affected areas. If our insurance does not fully

cover business interruptions or losses resulting from these events, our results of operations could be adversely affected. In the third and fourth quarters of 2017, our homebuilding operation was disrupted due to impacts from Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, which caused delays of 550 home deliveries that were pushed into fiscal 2018. In the third quarter of fiscal 2018, our homebuilding operations in the Houston area were affected by heavy rain that caused flooding.
If our homebuyers are not able to obtain suitable financing, that would reduce demand for our homes and our home sales revenues.
Most purchasers of our homes obtain mortgage loans to finance a substantial portion of the purchase price of the homes they purchase. While the majority of our homebuyers obtain their mortgage financing from Lennar Financial Services, others obtain mortgage financing from banks and other independent lenders. The uncertainties in the mortgage markets and increased government regulation could adversely affect the ability of potential homebuyers to obtain financing for home purchases, thus preventingmaking it difficult for them from purchasingto purchase our homes. Among other things, changes made by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and FHA/VA to sponsored mortgage programs, as well as changes made by private mortgage insurance companies, have reduced the ability of many potential homebuyers to qualify for mortgages. Principal among these are higher income requirements, larger required down payments, increased reserves and higher required credit scores. In addition, there has been uncertainty regarding the future of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, including proposals that they reduce or terminate their role as the principal sources of liquidity in the secondary market for mortgage loans. It is not clear how, if Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were to curtail their secondary market mortgage loan purchases, the liquidity they provide would be replaced. There is a substantial possibility that substituting an alternate source of liquidity would increase mortgage interest rates, which would increase the buyers' effective costs of paying for the homes we sell, and therefore could reduce demand for our homes and adversely affect our results of operations.

Our Lennar Financial Services segment can be adversely affected by reduced demand for our homes or by a slowdown in mortgage refinancings.
Approximately 61%76% of the residential mortgage loans made by our Lennar Financial Services segment in 20172018 were made to buyers of homes we built.built and we anticipate that the percentage will increase in fiscal 2019. Therefore, a decrease in the demand for our homes would adversely affect the revenues of this segment of our business. In addition, the revenues of our Lennar Financial Services segment would be adversely affected by a continued decrease in refinance transactions, if mortgage interest rates continue to rise.
If our ability to sell mortgages into the secondary market is impaired, that could significantly reduce our ability to sell homes unless we are willing to become a long-term investor in loans we originate.
Substantially all of the residential mortgage loans we originate are sold within a short period in the secondary mortgage market on a servicing released, non-recourse basis. If we became unable to sell residential mortgage loans into the secondary mortgage market or directly to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, we would have to either curtail our origination of residential mortgage loans, which among other things, could significantly reduce our ability to sell homes, or commit our own funds to long term investments in mortgage loans, which, in addition to requiring us to deploy substantial amounts of our own funds, could delay the time when we recognize revenues from home sales on our statements of operations.
We may be liable for certain limited representations and warranties we make in connection with sale of loans.
While substantially all of the residential mortgage loans we originate are sold within a short period in the secondary mortgage market on a servicing released, non-recourse basis, we remain responsible for certain limited representations and warranties we make in connection with such sales. Mortgage investors currently are seekingsometimes seek to have us buy back mortgage loans or compensate them for losses incurred on mortgage loans that we have sold based on claims that we breached our limited representations or warranties. In addition, when our Rialto segmentRMF sells loans to securitization trusts or other purchasers, it gives limited industry standard representations and warranties about the loans, which, if incorrect, may require it to repurchase the loans, replace them with substitute loans or indemnify persons for losses or expenses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties. If we have significant liabilities with respect to such claims, it could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, and possibly our financial condition.
IfWe have a substantial investment in funds managed by Rialto Capital Management.
In November 2018, we sold Rialto Capital Management and other subsidiaries that are involved in advising funds and investment vehicles that invest in real estate Rialto acquires through foreclosures is not properly valued when it is acquired,related assets. However, we could be required to take valuation charge-offs, which would reduce our earnings.
When a loan is foreclosed uponretained investments in those funds and other investment vehicles totaling almost $297.4 million, and we take titlehave commitments to invest another $71.6 million. When we made those investments and commitments, Rialto Capital Management was a wholly owned subsidiary, which, among other things, enabled us to participate in decisions regarding senior management personnel. Subsequent to the property,sale, we obtain a valuationno longer have any more influence than other large investors over decisions regarding senior management of the property and base its book value on that valuation. The book value of the foreclosed property is periodically compared to its updated market value (or its updated market value less estimated selling costs if the foreclosed property is classified as held-for-sale), and a charge-off is recorded for any excess of the property's book value over its fair value. If the revised valuation we establish for a property proves to be too high, we may have to record additional charge-offs in subsequent periods. Material charge-offs could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, and possibly even on our financial condition.Rialto Capital Management.

Regulatory Risks
We may be adversely impacted by legal and regulatory changes.
We are subject with regard to almost all of our activities to a variety of federal, state and local laws and regulations. Laws and regulations, and policies under or interpretations of existing laws and regulations, change frequently. Our businesses could be adversely affected by changes in laws, regulations, policies or interpretations or by our inability to comply with them without making significant changes in our businesses.
We may be adversely impacted by laws and regulations directed at the financial industry.
New or modified regulations and related regulatory guidance focused on the financial industry may have adverse effects on aspects of our businesses. For example, in October 2014, final rules were promulgated under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act that require mortgage lenders or third-party B-piece buyers to retain a portion of the credit risk related to securitized loans. We have determined that the rules do not affect our residential mortgage lending operations at this time; however, the rules may adversely impact our RMF subsidiary’s commercial mortgage lending operations. The rules have been in effect for over a year;several years; however, their long term impact is still undetermined. If, in the future, the rules cause a decrease in the price of CMBS and/or a decrease in the overall volume of CMBS related loan purchases in the industry, this could negatively impact the financial results of our RMF business. In addition, if our residential mortgage lending operations became subject to these rules in the future, that would substantially increase the amount we would have to invest in our mortgage lending operations and increase our risks with regard to loans we originate and sell in the secondary mortgage market.

Governmental regulations regarding land use and environmental matters could increase the cost and limit the availability of our development and homebuilding projects and adversely affect our business or financial results.
We are subject to extensive and complex laws and regulations that affect the land development, homebuilding and apartment development process, including laws and regulations related to zoning, permitted land uses, levels of density, building design, elevation of properties, water and waste disposal and use of open spaces. These regulations often provide broad discretion to the administering governmental authorities as to the conditions we must meet prior to development or construction being approved, if they are approved at all. We are also subject to determinations by governmental authorities as to the adequacy of water or sewage facilities, roads and other local services with regard to particular residential communities. New housing developments may also be subject to various assessments for schools, parks, streets and other public improvements. In addition, in many markets government authorities have implemented no growth or growth control initiatives. Any of these can limit, delay, or increase the costs of land development or home construction.
We are also subject to a variety of local, state and federal laws and regulations concerning protection of the environment. In some of the markets where we operate, we are required by law to pay environmental impact fees, use energy-saving construction materials and give commitments to municipalities to provide infrastructure such as roads and sewage systems. We generally are required to obtain permits, entitlements and approvals from local authorities to commence and carry out residential development or home construction. These permits, entitlements and approvals may, from time-to-time, be opposed or challenged by local governments, environmental advocacy groups, neighboring property owners or other possibly interested parties, adding delays, costs and risks of non-approval to the process. Violations of environmental laws and regulations can result in injunctions, civil penalties, remediation expenses, and other costs. In addition, some environmental laws impose strict liability, which means that we may be held liable for unlawful environmental conditions on property we own which we did not create.
We are also subject to laws and regulations related to workers' health and safety, and there are efforts to subject homebuilders like us to other labor related laws or rules, some of which may make us responsible for things done by our subcontractors over which we have little or no control. In addition, our residential mortgage subsidiary is subject to various state and federal statutes, rules and regulations, including those that relate to lending operations and other areas of mortgage origination and loan servicing. The impact of those statutes, rules and regulations can increase our homebuyers’ costs of financing, and our cost of doing business, as well as restricting our homebuyers’ access to some types of loans.
Our obligation to comply with the laws and regulations under which we operate, and our need to ensure that our associates, subcontractors and other agents comply with these laws and regulations, could result in delays in construction and land development, cause us to incur substantial costs and prohibit or restrict land development and homebuilding activity in certain areas in which we operate. Budget reductions by state and local governmental agencies may increase the time it takes to obtain required approvals and therefore may aggravate the delays we could encounter. Government agencies also routinely initiate audits, reviews or investigations of our business practices to ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations, which can cause us to incur costs or create other disruptions in our businesses that can be significant.

We can be injured by improper acts of persons over whom we do not have control.
Although we expect all of our associates (i.e., employees), officers and directors to comply at all times with all applicable laws, rules and regulations, there may be instances in which subcontractors or others through whom we do business engage in practices that do not comply with applicable laws, regulations or governmental guidelines. When we learn of practices that do not comply with applicable laws or regulations, including practices relating to homes, buildings or multifamily rental properties we build or finance, we move actively to stop the non-complying practices as soon as possible and we have taken disciplinary action with regard to associates of ours who were aware of non-complying practices and did not take steps to address them, including in some instances terminating their employment. However, regardless of the steps we take after we learn of practices that do not comply with applicable laws or regulations, we can in some instances be subject to fines or other governmental penalties, and our reputation can be injured, due to the practices' having taken place.
We could be hurt by efforts to impose liabilities or obligations on persons with regard to labor law violations by other persons whose employees perform contracted services.
The homes we sell are built by employees of subcontractors and other contract parties. We do not have the ability to
control what these contract parties pay their employees or the work rules they impose on their employees. However, various governmental agencies are trying to hold contract parties like us responsible for violations of wage and hour laws and other work relatedwork-related laws by firms whose employees are performing contracted for services. A recentIn 2015 the National Labor Relations Board ruling held("NLRB") issued a decision that for labor law purposes a firmmade it possible that someone like us, who uses subcontractors, could under some circumstances be responsibleviewed as a joint employer of its contractors'the subcontractors’ employees.  That rulingA subsequent NLRB decision (which was withdrawn for procedural reasons) and an appellate court decision questioned aspects of the 2015 decision and the NLRB has been withdrawn. Ifissued a proposed rule that, if adopted, would make it had not been withdrawn and had been upheld on appeal, itmuch less likely that we could have made usbe deemed to be a joint employer of our subcontractors’ employees. While the future of joint employer liability remains uncertain, if we were deemed to be a joint employer of our subcontractors’

employees, we could become responsible for collective bargaining obligations of, and labor law violations by, our subcontractors.  Governmental rulings that make us responsible for labor practices by our subcontractors could create substantial exposures for us in situations that are not within our control.
Our ability to collect upon mortgage loans may be limited by the application of state laws.
Our mortgage loans typically permit us to accelerate the debt upon default by the borrower. The courts of all states will enforce acceleration clauses in the event of a material payment default, subject in some cases to a right of the court to revoke the acceleration and reinstate the mortgage loan if a payment default is cured. The equity courts of a state, however, may refuse to allow the foreclosure of a mortgage or to permit the acceleration of the indebtedness in instances in which they decide that the exercise of those remedies would be inequitable or unjust or the circumstances would render an acceleration unconscionable.
Further, the ability to collect upon mortgage loans may be limited by the application of state and federal laws. For example, Nevada has enacted a law providing that if the amount an assignee of a mortgage note paid to acquire the note is less than the face amount of the note, the assignee cannot recover more through a deficiency action than the amount it paid for the note. If the Nevada law is upheld, or similar laws are enacted in other jurisdictions, it could materially and adversely affect our ability and the ability of funds we manage to profit from purchases of distressed debt.
Other Risks
Our results of operations could be adversely affected if legal claims against us are not resolved in our favor.
In the ordinary course of our business, we are subject to legal claims by homebuyers, borrowers against whom we have instituted foreclosure proceedings, persons with whom we have land purchase contracts and a variety of other persons. We establish reserves against legal claims and we believe that, in general, legal claims will not have a material adverse effect on our business or financial condition. However, if the amounts we are required to pay as a result of claims against us substantially exceed the sums anticipated by our reserves, the need to pay those amounts could have a materialan adverse effect on our results of operations for the periods when we are required to make the payments. During fiscal 2017, we were required to make a significant payment, and make a significant charge against earnings, as a result of a litigation against us in a contract suit.

Information technology failures and data security breaches could harm our business.
We rely extensively on information technology ("IT") systems, including Internet sites, data hosting facilities and other hardware and software platforms, some of which are hosted by third parties, to assist in conducting our businesses. Our IT systems, like those of most companies, may be vulnerable to a variety of interruptions, including, but not limited to, natural disasters, telecommunications failures, hackers, and other security issues. Moreover, our computer systems, like those of most companies, are subjected to computer viruses or other malicious codes, and to cyber or phishing-attacks. Although weWe have implemented administrativeinstalled and technical controls and taken other actions to minimize thecontinually upgrade an array of protections against cyber intrusions. The risk of cyber incidents and protectintrusion is one of the areas of risk as to which there are regular periodic presentations to our information technology,Board. However, computer intrusion efforts are becoming increasingly sophisticated, and evenit is possible that the enhanced controls we have installed mightcould at some time be breached.breached in a material respect. If we were to be subject to a material successful cyber intrusion, that could result in remediation costs, increased cyber protection costs, lost revenues or loss of customers, litigation or regulatory actions by governmental authorities, increased insurance premiums, reputational damage and damage to our IT systems ceasecompetitiveness, our stock price and our long-term stockholder value. We have in recent years done two acquisitions of publicly traded companies. While each of those companies had its own protections against cyber intrusions, when we acquire a company there is a period of increased vulnerability as we integrate the acquired company into our information technology systems.
Failure to function properly, we could suffer interruptions in our operations. If our cyber-security is breached, unauthorized persons may gain access to proprietary or confidential information, including information about purchasers of our homes or borrowers from our mortgage lending subsidiaries. This could damage our reputation, expose us to claims, and require us to incur significant costs to repair or restoremaintain the security of personally identifiable information could adversely affect us.
In connection with our computer systems.business we collect and retain personally identifiable information (e.g., information of our customers, suppliers and employees), and there is an expectation that we will adequately protect that information. The U.S. regulatory environment surrounding information security and privacy is increasingly demanding. A significant theft, loss or fraudulent use of the personally identifiable information we maintain, or of our data, by cyber-crime or otherwise could adversely impact our reputation and could result in significant costs, fines and litigation.
Increases in the rate of cancellations of home sale agreements could have an adverse effect on our business.
Our backlog reflects agreements of sale with our homebuyers for homes that have not yet been delivered. We usually have received a deposit from our home buyer for each home reflected in our backlog, and generally we have the right to retain the deposit if the homebuyer does not complete the purchase. In some cases, however, a homebuyer may cancel the agreement of sale and receive a complete or partial refund of the deposit for reasons such as state and local laws, the homebuyer’s inability to obtain mortgage financing, his or her inability to sell his or her current home or our inability to complete and deliver the home within the specified time. If there is a downturn in the housing market, or if mortgage financing becomes even less available than it currently is, more homebuyers may cancel their agreements of sale with us, which would have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Our success to a substantial extent depends on our ability to acquire land that is suitable for residential homebuilding at reasonable prices, in accordance withand meets our land investment criteria.
There is strong competition among homebuilders for land that is suitable for residential development. The future availability of finished and partially finished developed lots and undeveloped land that meet our internal criteria depends on a number of factors outside our control, including land availability in general, competition with other homebuilders and land buyers for desirable property, inflation in land prices, zoning, allowable housing density, and other regulatory requirements. Should suitable lots or land become less available, the number of homes we could build and sell could be reduced, and the cost of land could be increased, perhaps substantially, which could adversely impact our results of operations. Our expected acquisition of CalAtlantic will substantially increase our supply of land that is suitable for residential development, but it will also substantially increase the rate at which we are building homes.
Expansion of our services and investments into international markets through our Rialto segment subjects
International activities subject us to risks inherent in international operations.
Fund II, of which our Rialto segment owns an interest and for which it performs asset management services, ownsWe own an interest in a joint venture which holds real estate assetsthat is building a condominium development in Spain. ExpansionAlso, we sell a significant number of our services and investments in Spain and any expansion into other international markets in the future, could result in operational problems not typically experiencedhomes in the United States to people who are not residents of the United States, and some large investors in our multifamily development ventures are located outside the United States. Our activitiesDealings with people or institutions located outside the United States are subjectcreate risks related to risks associated with doing business internationally, including fluctuationscurrencies and to political affairs in currency exchange rates, the implementation of currency controls, material changes in a specific country’s or region’s political or economic conditions, differences in the legal and regulatory systems, reputational risks and cultural differences which may lead to competitive disadvantages, particularly due to our needvarious countries. We must also be careful to comply with U.S. anti-corruption laws. There also areAlso, we have to be aware of tax consequences ofissues involved in doing business outside the U.S.,United States or with people who are not residents of the United States, both under U.S. tax laws and under the tax laws of the countries in which we do business.
We could suffer adverse tax and other financial consequences if we are unable to utilize our net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards.
At November 30, 2017,2018, we had state tax NOL carryforwards totaling $66.2$93.3 million that will expire between 20182019 and 2036.2037 and federal tax effected NOL carryforwards totaling $44.8 million that begin to expire in 2029. At November 30, 2017,2018, we had a valuation allowance of $6.4$7.2 million, primarily related to state NOL carryforwards that are not more likely than not to be utilized due to an inability to carry back these losses in most states and short carryforward periods that exist in certain states. If the NOLs we are unablenot able to use our NOLs,exceed the valuation allowance, we may have to record charges or reduce our deferred tax assets, which could have an adverse effect onwould adversely affect our results of operations.

There have been substantial changes to the Internal Revenue Code, some of which could have an adverse effect on our business.
On December 22, 2017, the President signed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which contains substantial changes to the Internal Revenue Code, effective January 1, 2018, some of which could have an adverse effect on our business. Among the possible changes that could make purchasing homes less attractive are (i) limitations on the ability of our homebuyers to deduct property taxes, (ii) limitations on the ability of our homebuyers to deduct mortgage interest, and (iii) limitations on the ability of our homebuyers to deduct state and local income taxes. Although the rate at which we pay federal income tax will be reduced, this will require us to write down our deferred tax assets by approximately $70 million, which will negatively impact our results of operations in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. Lastly,In addition, the new law eliminates the ability to carry back any future NOLs and only allows for carryforwards, the utilization of which is limited to 80% of taxable income in a given carryforward year. This could affect the timing of our ability to utilize net operating losses in the future.
We experience variability in our operating results on a quarterly basis and, as a result, our historical performance may not be a meaningful indicator of future results.
We historically have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, variability in quarterly results. As a result of such variability, our short-term performance may not be a meaningful indicator of future results. Our homebuilding business is seasonal in nature and generally reflects higher levels of new home order activity in our second fiscal quarter and increased deliveries in the second half of our fiscal year. Our quarterly results of operations may continue to fluctuate in the future as a result of a variety of factors, including, among others, seasonal home buying patterns, the timing of home closings and land sales and weather-related problems.
We have a stockholder who can exercise significant influence over matters that are brought to a vote of our stockholders.
Stuart Miller, our Chief Executive OfficerChairman and a Director, has voting control, through family and personal holdings and holdings by family-owned entities, of Class B, and to a lesser extent Class A, common stock, that enables Mr. Millerhas the power to cast approximately 39.0%33% of the votes that can be cast by the holders of all our outstanding Class A and Class B common stock combined. This percentage will be reduced to 33.1% by the issuance of shares in connection with the expected merger with CalAtlantic, but even that reduced percentage probably gives Mr. Miller the power to controlsubstantial influence regarding the election of our directors and the approval of most other matters that are presented to our stockholders. Mr. Miller's voting power might discourage someone from seeking to acquire us or from making a significant equity investment in us, even if we needed the investment to meet our obligations or to operate our business. Also, because of his voting power, Mr. Miller could be able to cause our stockholders to approve actions that are contrary to many of our other stockholders' desires.
The trading price of our Class B common stock normally is lower than that of our Class A common stock.
The only significant difference between our Class A common stock and our Class B common stock is that the Class B common stock entitles the holders to ten votes per share, while the Class A common stock entitles holders to only one vote per share. However, the trading price of the Class B common stock on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE")NYSE normally is substantially lower than the NYSE trading price of our Class A common stock. We believe this is because only a relatively small number of shares of Class B common stock are available for trading, which reduces the liquidity of the market for our Class B common stock to a point where many investors are reluctant to invest in it. The limited liquidity could make it difficult for a holder of even a relatively small number of shares of our Class B common stock to dispose of the stock without materially reducing the trading price of the Class B common stock.

Changes in global or regional environmental conditions and governmental actions in response to such changes may adversely affect us by increasing the costs of or restricting our planned or future growth activities.
There is growing concern from many members of the scientific community and the general public that an increase in global average temperatures due to emissions of greenhouse gases and other human activities have caused, or will cause, significant changes in weather patterns and increase the frequency and severity of natural disasters. Government mandates, standards or regulations intended to reduce greenhouse gas emissions or projected climate change impacts have resulted, and are likely to continue to result, in restrictions on land development in certain areas and increased energy, transportation and raw material costs, orcosts. We have tried to reduce the effect of the homes we build on the climate by installing solar power systems and other energy saving devices on many of those homes. Nonetheless, governmental requirements directed at reducing effects on climate could cause us to incur compliance expenses that we cannot recover or that will be unable fullyrequire us to recover, which could reduce our housing gross profit margins and adversely affect our resultsincrease the price of operations.
Risks relatinghomes we sell to the Merger of CalAtlanticpoint that it affects demand for those homes.
Lennar has never done an acquisition as large as the expected merger with CalAtlantic
Although Lennar has acquired a number of homebuilders through the years, and as recently as February 2017 it completed the acquisition of WCI, a New York Stock Exchange listed homebuilder, Lennar has never acquired a homebuilder, or any other type of company, as large as CalAtlantic. It is possible that techniques Lennar has used in the past to integrate

operations of acquired companies and to realize cost savings and other operating and administrative benefits with regard to them, will not be as effective with regard to CalAtlantic as they were with regard to smaller companies.
The Merger is subject to closing conditions and may not be completed on a timely basis, or at all. Failure to complete the combination could have a significant adverse effect on us.
Completion of the Merger that will make CalAtlantic a wholly owned subsidiary of ours is subject to a number of conditions, including (i) the approval by our stockholders of the issuance of our Class A and Class B common stock as part of the Merger consideration, and (ii) approval by the CalAtlantic stockholders of a proposal to adopt the Merger Agreement. This makes the timing of completion of the Merger, or whether it will be completed at all, uncertain. Either we or CalAtlantic can terminate the Merger Agreement if the Merger is not consummated by May 31, 2018 (which can be extended under some circumstances to August 31, 2018). In addition, either the CalAtlantic board of directors or our board of directors can withdraw its recommendation that stockholders vote in favor of the Merger if it determines that, because of an intervening event, failure to do so would be inconsistent with its fiduciary obligations, and CalAtlantic can in any event terminate the Merger Agreement in order to accept what its board determines to be a superior proposal that we do not at least match. If our board withdraws or negatively modifies its recommendation, CalAtlantic can terminate the Merger Agreement, in which case we would be required to pay CalAtlantic a termination fee of $178.7 million. In addition, if our stockholders fail to give the required stockholder approval or approvals, we will be required to reimburse CalAtlantic for its costs related to the Merger up to $30 million. Although we would be entitled to a $178.7 million termination fee if CalAtlantic’s Board withdraws or negatively modifies its recommendation or reimbursement of costs up to $30 million if CalAtlantic’s stockholders fail to give the required stockholder approvals, our loss of anticipated benefits deriving from the Merger is likely to be far greater than the termination fee or expense reimbursement we may receive.
If the Merger is not completed by August 31, 2018, we will be required to redeem $1.2 billion of senior notes we sold in November 2017.
In November 2017, we sold a total of $1.2 billion of senior notes to raise funds with which, among other things, to pay the more than $1.16 billion that CalAtlantic stockholders will receive as Merger consideration. If (x) consummation of the CalAtlantic Merger does not occur on or before August 31, 2018, or (y) prior to August 31, 2018 we notify the trustee for the noteholders that we will not pursue consummation of the Merger, we will be required to redeem all the outstanding senior notes for 101% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest.
We may not realize the expected benefits of the Merger because of integration difficulties and other challenges.
The success of the CalAtlantic Merger will depend in large part on our successfully integrating its and our personnel, operations, strategies, technologies and other components of the two companies’ businesses following the completion of the CalAtlantic merger. We may fail to realize some or all of the anticipated benefits of the Merger if the integration process takes longer than expected or is more costly than expected. In any event, we anticipate that the overall integration of CalAtlantic will be a time consuming and expensive process that, without proper planning and effective and timely implementation, could significantly disrupt our business.
Any delay in completing the Merger may reduce the benefits from the Merger.
The CalAtlantic merger is subject to a number of conditions that may prevent or delay its completion. A delay in completing the Merger would delay the time when we would begin to realize the benefits of the synergies that we expect the Merger to produce.
The Merger will significantly increase the ratio of our homebuilding debt to our total capital net of cash.
We will incur or become subject to a substantial amount of additional debt as a result of the Merger. We have sold $1.2 billion of debt securities primarily to finance the more than $1.16 billion we will pay to CalAtlantic stockholders who exercise (or are deemed to exercise) an option to elect to receive cash instead of our stock as a result of the Merger. In addition, the surviving corporation, which will be our wholly owned subsidiary, will become subject to CalAtlantic’s debt, which at September 30, 2017 totaled $3.8 billion. We estimate that the Merger will increase the ratio of our consolidated homebuilding debt to total capital, net of cash, from its November 30, 2017 level of 34.4% to a pro forma level of 45.5%. We anticipate being able to reduce the ratio to its pre-merger level by the end of fiscal 2019. However, to the extent cash flows of the combined companies are less than anticipated, we may not be able to reduce the ratio of our consolidated homebuilding debt to total capital, net of cash, to its pre-merger level until well after the end of fiscal 2019, if we are ever able to do that.
The Merger will add a substantial amount of goodwill to our balance sheet.
Since the price we will be deemed to have paid for the net assets of CalAtlantic for accounting purposes will depend on the value of our Class A and Class B common stock when the Merger takes place, and neither those stock prices nor the value of the CalAtlantic assets we will acquire in the CalAtlantic Merger will be known until the Merger takes place, we will

not know until after the Merger takes place the amount by which for accounting purposes we are deemed to pay will exceed the net value of the assets we receive and the liabilities our subsidiary assumes in the Merger (i.e., the portion of the deemed purchase price that will be treated as goodwill). However, we estimate that if the value of our Class A common stock at the time of the Merger is $62.36 per share and the value of our Class B common stock at the time of the Merger is $49.47 per share, the respective closing prices of those shares on December 18, 2017, the Merger would result in our adding approximately $3.4 billion to the goodwill carried on our balance sheet. If it is determined in the future that the profits generated by the assets acquired in the Merger are not sufficient to justify that goodwill, we will have to write off some or all of it, and to charge the amount written off against our earnings.
The amount of the Merger consideration we agreed to pay was influenced by our assumption that we will be able to achieve significant cost savings as a result of the Merger.
Our willingness to agree to the equity consideration and cash consideration reflected in the Merger Agreement was based in substantial part on an analysis by our management which concluded, among other things, that we would be able to accomplish substantial annual savings in selling, general and administrative costs and in operating costs following the CalAtlantic Merger. Although our management was previously able to achieve its anticipated cost savings with regard to homebuilding activities of WCI, which we acquired in February 2017, CalAtlantic is much larger than WCI or any other company we have ever acquired. If we are not able to accomplish significant cost savings with regard to development of the CalAtlantic properties, and with regard to some of the properties or companies we already own, we may not be able to generate sufficient merger-related profits to justify the cost of the Merger to us.


Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments.
Not applicable.
Executive Officers of Lennar Corporation
The following individuals are our executive officers as of January 24, 2018:28, 2019:
NamePositionAge
Stuart MillerChief Executive OfficerChairman6061
Richard BeckwittPresidentChief Executive Officer5859
Jonathan M. JaffeVice President and Chief Operating Officer58
Bruce GrossVice President and Chief Financial Officer59
Diane J. BessetteVice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer5758
Mark SustanaSecretaryVice President, General Counsel and General CounselSecretary5657
David M. CollinsController4849
Jeff J. McCallSenior Vice President47
Mr. Miller is one of our Directors, and has served as our Chief Executive OfficerChairman since 1997.April 2018. Before that, Mr. Miller served as our Chief Executive Officer from 1997 to April 2018 and our President from 1997 to April 2011. Before 1997, Mr. Miller held various executive positions with us. Mr. Miller also serves on the Board of Directors of Five Point Holdings, LLC.
Mr. Beckwitt is one of our Directors, and has served as our Chief Executive Officer since April 2018. Before that, Mr. Beckwitt served as our President from April 2011 to April 2018, and as our Executive Vice President from March 2006 to 2011. Since April 2011, Mr. Beckwitt has served as our President. Mr. Beckwitt also serves on the Board of Directors of Eagle Materials Inc. and Five Point Holdings, LLC, and previously served on the Board of Directors of D.R. Horton, Inc. from 1993 to November 2003. From 1993 to March 2000, he held various executive officer positions at D.R. Horton, including President of the company.LLC.
Mr. Jaffe is one of our Directors, and has served as Viceour President since 1994 and hasApril 2018. Mr. Jaffe served as our Chief Operating Officer sincefrom December 2004. Before that time,2004 to January 2019, though he continues to have responsibility for the Company's operations nationally. In addition, Mr. Jaffe served as Vice President from 1994 to April 2018 and prior to then, Mr. Jaffe served as a Regional President in our Homebuilding operations. Additionally, prior to his appointment as Chief Operating Officer, Mr. Jaffe was one of our Directors from 1997 through June 2004. Mr. Jaffe serves on the Board of Directors of Five Point Holdings, LLC.
Mr. GrossMs. Bessette has served as Vice President and our Chief Financial Officer since 1997. Before that, Mr. Gross was SeniorApril 2018, our Treasurer since February 2008, and as a Vice President Controller and Treasurer of Pacific Greystone Corporation, which we acquired in 1997.
since 2000. Ms. Bessette initially joined us in 1995 and served as our Controller from 1997 to 2008. Since February 2008, she has served as our Treasurer. She was appointed a Vice President in 2000.
Mr. Sustana has served as Vice President since April 2018, and as our Secretary and General Counsel since 2005.
Mr. Collins joined us in 1998 and has served as our Controller since February 2008.
Mr. McCall has served as our Senior Vice President since February 2018. Before that, Mr. McCall served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of CalAtlantic Group, Inc., or its predecessor, from June 2011 to February 2018.
Item 2.Properties.

We lease and maintain our executive offices in an office complex in Miami, Florida. Our homebuilding, financial services Rialto and multifamily offices are located in the markets where we conduct business, primarily in leased space. We believe that our existing facilities are adequate for our current and planned levels of operation.
Because of the nature of our homebuilding operations, significant amounts of property are held as inventory in the ordinary course of our homebuilding business. We discuss these properties in the discussion of our homebuilding operations in Item 1 of this Report.



Item 3.Legal Proceedings.
We are party to various claims and lawsuits which arise in the ordinary course of business, but we do not consider the volume of our claims and lawsuits unusual given the number of homes we deliver and the fact that the lawsuits often relate to homes delivered several years before the lawsuits are commenced. Although the specific allegations in the lawsuits differ, they most commonly involve claims that we failed to construct homes in particular communities in accordance with plans and specifications or applicable construction codes and seek reimbursement for sums allegedly needed to remedy the alleged deficiencies, assert contract issues or relate to personal injuries. Lawsuits of these types are common within the homebuilding industry. We are a plaintiff in many cases in which we seek contribution from our subcontractors for home repair costs. The costs incurred by us in construction defect lawsuits may be offset by warranty reserves, our third-party insurers, subcontractor insurers or indemnity contributions from subcontractors. We are also a party to various lawsuits involving purchases and sales of real property. These lawsuits include claims regarding representations and warranties made in connection with the transfer of the property and disputes regarding the obligation to purchase or sell the property. From time-to-time, we also receive notices from environmental agencies or other regulators regarding alleged violations of environmental or other laws. We typically settle these matters before they reach litigation for amounts that are not material to us. In addition, we are a defendant in several lawsuits by persons to which we sold pools of mortgages we originated, alleging breaches of warranties in the sale documents.
In July 2017, CalAtlantic Group, Inc., a subsidiary of ours, was notified by the San Francisco Regional Water Quality Control Board of CalAtlantic’s non-compliance with the Clean Water Act at a development in San Ramon, CA. We expect to pay monetary sanctions to resolve this matter, which we do not currently expect will be material.
Our mortgage subsidiary has beenwas subpoenaed by the United States Department of Justice ("DOJ") regarding the adequacy of certain underwriting and quality control processes related to Federal Housing Administration loans originated and sold in prior years. We have provided information related to these loans and our processes to the DOJ,DOJ. In October 2018, we paid monetary sanctions and communications are ongoing. The DOJ hasrestitution to dateresolve this matter that were not asserted any claim for damages or penalties.material.
We do not believe that the ultimate resolution of these claims or lawsuits will have a material adverse effect on our business or financial position. However, the financial effect of litigation concerning purchases and sales of property may depend upon the value of the subject property, which may have changed from the time the agreement for purchase or sale was entered into.
Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.



PART II


Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Our Class A and Class B common stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") under the symbols "LEN" and "LEN.B," respectively. The Class A and Class B high and low stock prices have been restated for all periods presented to reflect the effect of the stock dividend discussed below. The following table shows the high and low sales prices for our Class A and Class B common stock for the periods indicated, as reported by the New York Stock Exchange, and cash dividends declared per share:
 
Class A Common  Stock
High/Low Prices
 
Cash Dividends
Per  Class A Share
Fiscal Quarter2017 2016 2017 2016
First$48.18 - 41.13 $51.61 - 36.52  
Second$52.89 - 48.27 $48.14 - 41.66  
Third$54.82 - 49.59 $48.77 - 42.39  
Fourth$63.15 - 48.69 $46.80 - 39.02  
 
Class B Common  Stock
High/Low Prices
 
Cash Dividends
Per  Class B Share
Fiscal Quarter2017 2016 2017 2016
First$38.82 - 32.74 $41.86 - 29.45  
Second$43.60 - 38.90 $38.53 - 33.05  
Third$46.52 - 41.01 $39.15 - 34.00  
Fourth$51.90 - 40.59 $37.42 - 31.46  
As of December 31, 2017,2018, the last reported sale price of our Class A common stock was $63.24 and the last reported sale price of our Class B common stock on the NYSE was $51.68.$39.15 and $31.33, respectively. As of December 31, 2017,2018, there were approximately 6681,879 and 510962 holders of record of our Class A and Class B common stock, respectively.
On January 11, 2018,10, 2019, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.04 per share for both our Class A and Class B common stock, which is payable on February 9, 2018,8, 2019, to holders of record at the close of business on January 26, 2018.25, 2019.
On November 27, 2017, we paid a stock dividend of one share of Class B common stock for each 50 shares of Class A common stock or Class B common stock to holders of record at the close of business on November 10, 2017, as declared by our Board of Directors on October 30, 2017. Our Board of Directors evaluates each quarter the decision whether to declare a dividend and the amount of the dividend.
The following table provides information about our repurchases of common stock during the three months ended November 30, 2017:2018:
Period:Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) Average Price Paid Per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (2) Maximum Number of Shares that may yet be Purchased under the Plans or Programs (2)
September 1 to September 30, 2017228
 $52.23
 
 6,218,968
October 1 to October 31, 2017351
 $56.01
 
 6,218,968
November 1 to November 30, 2017183
 $54.62
 
 6,218,968
Period:Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) Average Price Paid Per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (2) Maximum Number of Shares that may yet be Purchased under the Plans or Programs (2)
September 1 to September 30, 2018523
 $49.83
 
 6,218,968
October 1 to October 31, 20188,187
 $45.84
 1,849,599
 4,369,369
November 1 to November 30, 20181,558
 $37.10
 4,150,401
 218,968
(1)Represents shares of Class A common stock withheld by us to cover withholding taxes due, at the election of certain holders of nonvested shares, with market value approximating the amount of withholding taxes due.
(2)In June 2001, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program under which we were authorized to purchase up to 20 million shares of our outstanding Class A common stock or Class B common stock. This repurchase authorization had no expiration. We repurchased 6.0 million shares of Class A common stock for $249.9 million at an average share price of $41.63. Subsequent to November 30, 2018, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program, which replaced the June 2001 stock repurchase program, under which we are authorized to purchase up to the lesser of $1 billion in value, or 25 million in shares, of our outstanding Class A or Class B common stock. This repurchase authorization has no expiration date.expiration.
The information required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is provided in Item 12 of this Report.

Performance Graph
The following graph compares the five-year cumulative total return of our Class A common stock with the Dow Jones U.S. Home Construction Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Total Market Index. The graph assumes $100 invested on November 30, 20122013 in our Class A common stock, the Dow Jones U.S. Home Construction Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Total Market Index, and the reinvestment of all dividends.


chart-dfbbdd2e907f55b084b.jpg
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 20172013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Lennar Corporation$100
 94
 125
 136
 114
 168
$100
 133
 144
 120
 181
 123
Dow Jones U.S. Home Construction Index$100
 104
 124
 141
 124
 222
$100
 119
 135
 119
 213
 152
Dow Jones U.S. Total Market Index$100
 131
 152
 155
 168
 205
$100
 116
 118
 128
 157
 166



Item 6.Selected Financial Data.
The following table sets forth our selected consolidated financial and operating information as of or for each of the years ended November 30, 20132014 through 2017.2018. The information presented below is based upon our historical financial statements.
At or for the Years Ended November 30,At or for the Years Ended November 30,
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)2017 2016 2015 2014 20132018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Results of Operations:                  
Revenues:                  
Lennar Homebuilding$11,200,242
 9,741,337
 8,466,945
 7,025,130
 5,354,947
$19,077,597
 11,200,242
 9,741,337
 8,466,945
 7,025,130
Lennar Financial Services$770,109
 687,255
 620,527
 454,381
 427,342
$867,831
 770,109
 687,255
 620,527
 454,381
Lennar Multifamily$421,132
 394,771
 287,441
 164,613
 69,780
Rialto$281,243
 233,966
 221,923
 230,521
 138,060
$205,071
 281,243
 233,966
 221,923
 230,521
Lennar Multifamily$394,771
 287,441
 164,613
 69,780
 14,746
Total revenues$12,646,365
 10,949,999
 9,474,008
 7,779,812
 5,935,095
$20,571,631
 12,646,365
 10,949,999
 9,474,008
 7,779,812
Operating earnings (loss):                  
Lennar Homebuilding$1,269,039
 1,344,932
 1,271,641
 1,033,721
 733,075
$2,254,650
 1,269,039
 1,344,932
 1,271,641
 1,033,721
Lennar Financial Services$155,524
 163,617
 127,795
 80,138
 85,786
$187,430
 155,524
 163,617
 127,795
 80,138
Lennar Multifamily$42,695
 73,432
 71,174
 (7,171) (10,993)
Rialto$(22,495) (16,692) 33,595
 44,079
 26,128
$(21,584) (22,495) (16,692) 33,595
 44,079
Lennar Multifamily$73,432
 71,174
 (7,171) (10,993) (16,988)
Gain on sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform$296,407
 
 
 
 
Acquisition and integration costs related to CalAtlantic$152,980
 
 
 
 
Corporate general and administrative expenses$285,889
 232,562
 216,244
 177,161
 146,060
$343,934
 285,889
 232,562
 216,244
 177,161
Earnings before income taxes$1,189,611
 1,330,469
 1,209,616
 969,784
 681,941
$2,262,684
 1,189,611
 1,330,469
 1,209,616
 969,784
Net earnings attributable to Lennar (1)$810,480
 911,844
 802,894
 638,916
 479,674
Diluted earnings per share (2)$3.38
 3.86
 3.39
 2.75
 2.10
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$1,695,831
 810,480
 911,844
 802,894
 638,916
Diluted earnings per share$5.44
 3.38
 3.86
 3.39
 2.75
Cash dividends declared per each - Class A and
Class B common stock
$0.16
 0.16
 0.16
 0.16
 0.16
$0.16
 0.16
 0.16
 0.16
 0.16
Financial Position:                  
Total assets$18,745,034
 15,361,781
 14,419,509
 12,923,151
 11,239,885
$28,566,181
 18,745,034
 15,361,781
 14,419,509
 12,923,151
Debt:                  
Lennar Homebuilding$6,410,003
 4,575,977
 5,025,130
 4,661,266
 4,165,792
$8,543,868
 6,410,003
 4,575,977
 5,025,130
 4,661,266
Lennar Financial Services$1,256,174
 937,431
 1,077,228
 858,300
 704,143
Rialto$625,081
 622,335
 771,728
 617,077
 437,161
$317,016
 625,081
 622,335
 771,728
 617,077
Lennar Financial Services$937,431
 1,077,228
 858,300
 704,143
 374,166
Lennar Multifamily$
 
 
 
 13,858
Stockholders’ equity$7,872,317
 7,026,042
 5,648,944
 4,827,020
 4,168,901
$14,581,535
 7,872,317
 7,026,042
 5,648,944
 4,827,020
Total equity$7,986,132
 7,211,567
 5,950,072
 5,251,302
 4,627,470
$14,682,957
 7,986,132
 7,211,567
 5,950,072
 5,251,302
Shares outstanding (000s) (2)239,964
 239,133
 215,804
 209,697
 209,070
Stockholders’ equity per share (2)$32.81
 29.38
 26.18
 23.02
 19.94
Shares outstanding (000s)324,238
 239,964
 239,133
 215,804
 209,697
Stockholders’ equity per share$44.97
 32.81
 29.38
 26.18
 23.02
Lennar Homebuilding Data (including unconsolidated entities):                  
Number of homes delivered29,394
 26,563
 24,292
 21,003
 18,290
45,627
 29,394
 26,563
 24,292
 21,003
New orders30,348
 27,372
 25,106
 22,029
 19,043
45,826
 30,348
 27,372
 25,106
 22,029
Backlog of home sales contracts8,935
 7,623
 6,646
 5,832
 4,806
15,616
 8,935
 7,623
 6,646
 5,832
Backlog dollar value$3,550,366
 2,891,538
 2,477,751
 1,974,328
 1,619,601
$6,570,123
 3,550,366
 2,891,538
 2,477,751
 1,974,328
(1)Net earnings attributable to Lennar for the year ended November 30, 2013 included $177.0 million net tax provision, which included a tax benefit of $67.1 million for a valuation allowance reversal.
(2)As a result of the stock dividend distributed during 2017, the diluted earnings per share, shares outstanding and stockholders' equity per share for all periods presented were adjusted to reflect 4.7 million additional Class B shares.


Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with "Selected Financial Data" and our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this Report.


Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This annual report on Form 10-K contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements concern expectations, beliefs, projections, plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. These forward-looking statements typically include the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “consider,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “objective,” “plan,” “predict,” “projection,” “seek,” “strategy,” “target,” “will” or other words of similar meaning. Some of them are opinions formed based upon general observations, anecdotal evidence and industry experience, but that are not supported by specific investigation or analysis.
These forward-looking statements reflect our current views about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions. We wish to caution readers that certain important factors may have affected and could in the future affect our actual results and could cause actual results to differ significantly from what is anticipated by our forward-looking statements. The most important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: our inability to acquire land at anticipated prices;an extended slowdown in the real estate markets across the nation, including a slowdown in the market for single family homes or the multifamily rental market; increases in operating costs, including costs related to real estate taxes, construction materials, labor and insurance; unfavorable outcomes in legal proceedings; anything that prevents the CalAtlantic transaction from taking place when expected;insurance, and our inability to manage our cost structure, both in our Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily businesses; our inability to realize all of the anticipated synergy benefits from the CalAtlantic transaction;acquisition or to realize them in the anticipated timeline; our inability to close a one-time transaction expected to take place in the first quarter of 2018; a downturn in the market for residential real estate;successfully execute our strategies; changes in general economic and financial conditions that reduce demand for our products and services, lower our profit margins or reduce our access to credit; our inability to acquire land at anticipated prices; the possibility that we will incur nonrecurring costs that affect earnings in one or more reporting periods; decreased demand for our homes or Lennar Multifamily rental units or difficulty selling our rental properties; the possibility that the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act will have more negative than positive impact on us; the possibility that the benefit from our increasing use of technology will not justify its cost; increased competition for home sales from other sellers of new and resale homes; negative effects of increasing mortgage interest rates; our inability to reduce the ratio of our homebuilding debt to our total capital net of cash; a decline in the value of our land inventories and resulting write-downs of the carrying value of our real estate assets; the failure of the participants in various joint ventures to honor their commitments; difficulty obtaining land-use entitlements or construction financing; natural disasters and other unforeseen events for which our insurance does not provide adequate coverage; the inability of Rialto to sell mortgages it originates into securitizations on favorable terms; new laws or regulatory changes that adversely affect the profitability of our businesses; our inability to refinance our debt on terms that are acceptable to us; and changes in accounting conventions that adversely affect our reported earnings.
Please see "Item 1A-Risk Factors" of this Annual Report for a further discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties which could affect our future results. We undertake no obligation to revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of those statements or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events, except to the extent we are legally required to disclose certain matters in SEC filings or otherwise.


Outlook
The housingAt the end of our fiscal 2018, we believe the market has beentaken a natural pause as higher home prices and rapid interest rate increases have combined to create a mismatch between prices and homebuyer expectations. While we saw traffic moderate and sales slow toward the end of 2018, with inventories low, we believe this is a temporary adjustment as strong in 2017 and there continues to be a general sense of optimism in the market, with increased job creation across the country and wages have generally been moving higher. We believe lower unemployment, modestemployment, wage growth, and consumer confidence should increase household formation, which drives familiesand general economic growth drive the consumer to purchase homes and to rent apartments.the market. We still believe that the generally strong, stablehousing market is primarily driven by the deficit in housing production that has persisted for over a decade. As interest rates have started to ease at the end of 2018 and improving economy, togetherbeginning of 2019, we have seen traffic pick up. Additionally, if the market continues to remain soft, we believe our production-oriented focus should allow us to move quickly to realize reduced costs in an accelerated production pace. Alternatively, if the market returns to normalized levels, we believe we will have a superior position with limited supplymore homes started and production deficits from past years, have beenavailable to sell and will continuethe critically needed trade base to drive demand and pricing power indeliver them.
In spite of softer market conditions towards the upcoming spring selling season, even though that will be offset by land and construction cost increases. The recently passed Tax Cuts and Jobs Act has added additional momentum to the economic landscape. While there have been concerns about the new tax law on housing, initial readings and reviews are suggesting that it is generally stimulative to the economy. In addition, concerns about the reductionback end of the mortgage interest deduction, deductibility of real estate taxes and state and local taxes seem to be offset by overall optimistic momentum around economic stability and growth. For our typical buyer profile, we have found that the effect of the new tax law is generally positive at their income levels. Additionally, the doubling of the standard deduction should help a new group of aspiring homeowners accumulate savings for a down payment to purchase a home and create personal financial stability.
Fiscal 2017year, fiscal 2018 was another excellentstrong year for Lennar, with revenues increasing 15%enhanced by the successful integration of CalAtlantic. Revenues totaled $20.6 billion, representing a 63% increase from 2016. Our core2017. This increase was largely driven by our homebuilding business continuedwhich saw a 55% increase in deliveries to produce strong operating results45,627 homes primarily as grossa result of the CalAtlantic acquisition. Gross margins and operating margins, excluding backlog and construction in process write-up, were 22.1%21.8%, and 12.9%13.3%, respectively.respectively, which is an improvement in operating margins of 40 basis points from 2017. This improvement was driven by a reduction in S,G&A as a percentage of home sales revenue to 8.5%, which is an all-time fiscal year low, from 9.2% in 2017. Our home deliveries and new orders both increased 11%to 45,826, up 51% compared to fiscal 2016. Our efficient Everything’s2017, primarily as a

Included® manufacturing model helped mitigateresult of the impact of a tight labor market and our focus on strategic innovation and higher volume helped to improve our S,G&A leverage.CalAtlantic acquisition. In addition, we ended the year with a strong sales backlog of 15,616 homes or $6.6 billion, up 17%75% in homes and 23%85% in dollar value, which gives us a strong startvalue.
Consistent with our focus to revert to our core homebuilding platform, we sold our Rialto investment and asset management platform for $340 million in the fourth quarter of 2018. While we continue to hold valuable investment assets of Rialto, we will no longer oversee nor be engaged in the active management of Rialto. Subsequent to fiscal 2018.
Complementing our homebuilding business,year end, we also had strong performances fromsold the majority of our Financial Servicesretail title agency business and Multifamily rental businesses during fiscal 2017. Ourour wholly owned title insurance carrier. In addition, we sold our real estate brokerage business in the first quarter of 2019.
In 2018, our Financial Services segment produced $155.5$187.4 million of pretaxpre-tax earnings, compared to $163.6$155.5 million in 2016.2017. The decreaseincrease was largely due to lower profitability in the segment's mortgage operations as a result of a decrease in refinance transactions, which led to both lower origination volume and profit per loan. This was partially offset by higher profit per transactionan increase in the segment's title and mortgage operations due to the acquisition of CalAtlantic's Financial Services operations.
Our rental apartment business has seen significant pickup in both rents and lease-ups. The Multifamily rental business continuedsegment generated $42.7 million in operating earnings in fiscal 2018, which was down from 2017 due to grow during fiscal 2017, as it sold seven operating properties. With a $9.1billion geographically diversifiedstrategic shift from a merchant build-to-sell model to a build-to-hold model. While we still have a pipeline of multifamily product, this segment continues30 merchant-build communities with over 9,000 homes and a total development cost of $3.6 billion, our real focus is to grow while capitalizing on future development opportunities.create long-term cash flow and value through the build-out of our Lennar Multifamily Venture I and II.
In fiscal 2018,2019, we are very focused on cash flow generation to reduce debt and to opportunistically repurchase shares. To further enhance our principal focus will becash flow generation, we are continuing our pivot to a land-lighter operating model with an emphasis on controlling more land through options versus a more cash-intensive land acquisition and development program. We ended the successful integrationyear with approximately 25% of the CalAtlantic merger, whichour homesites controlled via option contracts and similar arrangements. Our goal is expected to close on February 12, 2018. The transaction is all about creating leadership and scaleincrease this to over 40% in the marketsnext several years. We expect that we know bestthis shift in land strategy should increase our returns on inventory and with the product lines that have definedgenerate additional cash flow.
We are excited about our companies for decades. With scale, we believe we can drive both synergiesposition and efficiencies as we build best-of-class operating platforms in the most strategic markets in the country. We believe we can use technologies to innovate and improve our operations to drive down costs in our homebuilding operations.
In the first quarter of 2018, we expect to close on a strategic one-time, non-core, non Rialto transaction that shifted from the fourth quarter of 2017. This will result in a profit that will benefit from the lower federal tax rate passed in December 2017.
business strategy today. We expect that our Company’s main driver of earnings will continue to be our homebuilding and financial services operations as we believe we are currently positionedexpect to deliver between 32,000 and 32,500over 50,000 homes in fiscal 2018, excluding the impact2019. We benefit from the CalAtlantic merger.size and scale we have amassed in each of our strategic markets. We are also focused onhave shed non-core assets to generate cash and have continued to partner with technology companies that can help enhance our multiple platforms including Rialtocustomers experience while reducing our overhead. Our reversion to core and Multifamily, as such ancillary businessestechnology investment strategies have combined to enable us to rationalize our overall business, recognize significant cash flow and profits, and improve our customers’ experience, while reducing headcount by approximately 1,600 associates from fiscal year end through January 2019. This strategy will continue to maturereduce company overhead and expand their franchises providing opportunities that we expect will enhance shareholder value.increase efficiency in our core operations. Overall, we believe we are on track to achieve another year of strong profitability in fiscal 2018.2019.



Results of Operations
Overview
Our net earnings attributable to Lennar were $1.7 billion, or $5.44 per diluted share ($5.46 per basic share) in 2018, $810.5 million, or $3.38 per diluted share ($3.38 per basic share) in 2017$911.8, and $911.8 million,, or $3.86 per diluted share ($4.05 per basic share) in 2016, and $802.9 million, or $3.39 per diluted share ($3.78 per basic share) in 2015. All earnings per share amounts have been retroactively adjusted for the Class B stock dividend.2016.
The following table sets forth financial and operational information for the years indicated related to our operations.
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
Lennar Homebuilding revenues:          
Sales of homes$11,035,299
 9,558,517
 8,335,904
$18,810,552
 11,035,299
 9,558,517
Sales of land164,943
 182,820
 131,041
267,045
 164,943
 182,820
Total Lennar Homebuilding revenues11,200,242
 9,741,337
 8,466,945
19,077,597
 11,200,242
 9,741,337
Lennar Homebuilding costs and expenses:          
Costs of homes sold8,601,346
 7,362,853
 6,332,850
15,121,738
 8,601,346
 7,362,853
Costs of land sold135,075
 138,111
 100,939
206,971
 135,075
 138,111
Selling, general and administrative1,015,848
 898,917
 831,050
1,608,164
 1,015,848
 898,917
Total Lennar Homebuilding costs and expenses9,752,269
 8,399,881
 7,264,839
16,936,873
 9,752,269
 8,399,881
Lennar Homebuilding operating margins1,447,973
 1,341,456
 1,202,106
2,140,724
 1,447,973
 1,341,456
Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities(61,708) (49,275) 63,373
Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities
(91,915) (61,708) (49,275)
Lennar Homebuilding other income, net22,774
 52,751
 6,162
205,841
 22,774
 52,751
Lennar Homebuilding loss due to litigation(140,000) 
 

 (140,000) 
Lennar Homebuilding operating earnings$1,269,039
 1,344,932
 1,271,641
$2,254,650
 1,269,039
 1,344,932
Lennar Financial Services revenues$770,109
 687,255
 620,527
$867,831
 770,109
 687,255
Lennar Financial Services costs and expenses614,585
 523,638
 492,732
680,401
 614,585
 523,638
Lennar Financial Services operating earnings$155,524
 163,617
 127,795
$187,430
 155,524
 163,617
Lennar Multifamily revenues$421,132
 394,771
 287,441
Lennar Multifamily costs and expenses429,759
 407,078
 301,786
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities and other gain51,322
 85,739
 85,519
Lennar Multifamily operating earnings$42,695
 73,432
 71,174
Rialto revenues$281,243
 233,966
 221,923
$205,071
 281,243
 233,966
Rialto costs and expenses247,549
 229,769
 222,875
190,413
 247,549
 229,769
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities25,447
 18,961
 22,293
25,816
 25,447
 18,961
Rialto other income (expense), net(81,636) (39,850) 12,254
Rialto operating earnings (loss)$(22,495) (16,692) 33,595
Lennar Multifamily revenues$394,771
 287,441
 164,613
Lennar Multifamily costs and expenses407,078
 301,786
 191,302
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities85,739
 85,519
 19,518
Lennar Multifamily operating earnings (loss)$73,432
 71,174
 (7,171)
Rialto other expense, net(62,058) (81,636) (39,850)
Rialto operating loss$(21,584) (22,495) (16,692)
Total operating earnings$1,475,500
 1,563,031
 1,425,860
$2,463,191
 1,475,500
 1,563,031
Gain on sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform296,407
 
 
Acquisition and integration costs related to CalAtlantic152,980
 
 
Corporate general and administrative expenses285,889
 232,562
 216,244
343,934
 285,889
 232,562
Earnings before income taxes$1,189,611
 1,330,469
 1,209,616
$2,262,684
 1,189,611
 1,330,469
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$810,480
 911,844
 802,894
$1,695,831
 810,480
 911,844
Gross margin as a % of revenue from home sales22.1% 23.0% 24.0%
Gross margin as a % of revenue from home sales (1)19.6% 22.1% 23.0%
S,G&A expenses as a % of revenues from home sales9.2% 9.4% 10.0%8.5% 9.2% 9.4%
Operating margin as a % of revenues from home sales12.9% 13.6% 14.1%11.1% 12.9% 13.6%
Average sales price$376,000
 361,000
 344,000
$413,000
 376,000
 361,000
(1) Excluding the backlog/construction in progress write-up of $414.6 million related to purchase accounting on CalAtlantic homes that were delivered in the year ended November 30, 2018, gross margins on homes sales were $4.1 billion or 21.8%.

2018 versus 2017
Revenues from home sales increased 70% in the year ended November 30, 2018 to $18.8 billion from $11.0 billion in the year ended November 30, 2017. Revenues were higher primarily due to a 55% increase in the number of home deliveries, excluding unconsolidated entities, and a 10% increase in the average sales price of homes delivered. New home deliveries, excluding unconsolidated entities, increased to 45,563 homes in the year ended November 30, 2018 from 29,322 homes in the year ended November 30, 2017, primarily due to the significant increase in volume resulting from the CalAtlantic acquisition. There was an increase in home deliveries in all of our Homebuilding segments. The average sales price of homes delivered, excluding unconsolidated entities, increased to $413,000 in the year ended November 30, 2018 from $376,000 in the year ended November 30, 2017. Sales incentives offered to homebuyers were $23,500 per home delivered in the year ended November 30, 2018, or 5.4% as a percentage of home sales revenue, compared to $22,700 per home delivered in the year ended November 30, 2017, or 5.7% as a percentage of home sales revenue.
Gross margins on home sales were $3.7 billion, or 19.6%, in the year ended November 30, 2018, compared to $2.4 billion, or 22.1%, in the year ended November 30, 2017. The gross margin percentage on home sales decreased compared to the year ended November 30, 2017 primarily due to the backlog/construction in progress write-up of $414.6 million related to purchase accounting adjustments on CalAtlantic homes that were delivered in the year ended November 30, 2018, which impacted gross margins on home sales by 220 basis points. In addition there was an increase in construction costs per home, partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.
Selling, general and administrative expenses were $1.6 billion in the year ended November 30, 2018, compared to $1.0 billion in the year ended November 30, 2017. As a percentage of revenues from home sales, selling, general and administrative expenses improved to 8.5% in the year ended November 30, 2018, from 9.2% in the year ended November 30, 2017, primarily due to a reduction in personnel and related expenses, brokers commissions, and model and selling expenses as a percentage of home sales revenue. This was achieved through improved operating leverage as a result of an increase in home deliveries and continued benefit from technology initiatives.
Gross profits on land sales were $60.1 million in the year ended November 30, 2018, compared to $29.9 million in the year ended November 30, 2017. Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was $91.9 million in the year ended November 30, 2018, compared to $61.7 million in the year ended November 30, 2017. In the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was attributable to our share of net operating losses from our unconsolidated entities which were primarily driven by valuation adjustments related to assets of Lennar Homebuilding's unconsolidated entities and general and administrative expenses, partially offset by profits from land sales.
Lennar Homebuilding other income, net, totaled $205.8 million in the year ended November 30, 2018, compared to $22.8 million in the year ended November 30, 2017. In the year ended November 30, 2018, other income, net was primarily related to a $164.9 million gain on the sale of an 80% interest in one of our strategic joint ventures, Treasure Island Holdings.
Lennar Homebuilding loss due to litigation of $140 million in the year ended November 30, 2017 was related to litigation regarding a contract we entered into in 2005 to purchase property in Maryland. As a result of the litigation, we purchased the property for $114 million, which approximated our estimate of fair value for the property. In addition, we paid approximately $124 million in interest and other closing costs and have accrued for the amount we expect to pay as reimbursement for attorney's fees.
Lennar Homebuilding interest expense was $316.2 million in the year ended November 30, 2018 ($301.3 million was included in costs of homes sold, $3.6 million in costs of land sold and $11.3 million in other interest expense), compared to $277.8 million in the year ended November 30, 2017 ($260.7 million was included in costs of homes sold, $10.0 million in costs of land sold and $7.2 million in other interest expense). Interest expense included in costs of homes sold increased primarily due to an increase in home deliveries.
Operating earnings for our Lennar Financial Services segment were $187.4 million in the year ended November 30, 2018, compared to $155.5 million in the year ended November 30, 2017. Operating earnings were impacted by an increase in the segment's title and mortgage operations due to the acquisition of CalAtlantic's Financial Services operations, partially offset by a decrease in refinance transactions.
Operating earnings for our Lennar Multifamily segment were $42.7 million in the year ended November 30, 2018, compared to operating earnings of $73.4 million in the year ended November 30, 2017. The decrease in profitability was primarily due to the segment's $61.2 million share of gains as a result of the sale of six operating properties by our Lennar Multifamily's unconsolidated entities and the sale of an investment in an operating property in the year ended November 30, 2018, compared to the segment's $96.7 million share of gains as a result of the sale of seven operating properties by our Lennar Multifamily's unconsolidated entities in the year ended November 30, 2017, as well as an increase in general and administrative expenses for the year ended November 30, 2018. The decrease in profitability for the year ended November 30, 2018 was

partially offset by $16.2 million of promote revenue recognized in the year ended November 30, 2018 related to eight properties in LMV Fund I.
On November 30, 2018, we recorded a $296.4 million gain on the sale of our Rialto investment and asset management platform. Operating loss for our Rialto segment was $18.3 million in the year ended November 30, 2018 (which included $21.6 million of operating loss and an add back of $3.3 million of net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests). Operating earnings for the Rialto segment in the year ended November 30, 2017 were $23.6 million (which included $22.5 million of operating loss and add back of $46.1 million of net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests). The decrease in operating earnings was primarily as a result of non-recurring expenses, partially offset by a decrease in real estate owned and loan impairments due to the liquidation of the FDIC and bank portfolios and a decrease in interest expense.
During the year ended November 30, 2018, we recorded $153.0 million of acquisition and integration costs that were comprised mainly of severance expenses and transaction costs and were included within the acquisition and integration costs related to CalAtlantic line item in the consolidated statement of operations.
Corporate general and administrative expenses were $343.9 million, or 1.7% as a percentage of total revenues, in the year ended November 30, 2018, compared to $285.9 million, or 2.3% as a percentage of total revenues, in the year ended November 30, 2017. The decrease in corporate general and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues was due to improved operating leverage as a result of an increase in revenues.
Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests were $21.7 million and ($38.7) million in the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests during the year ended November 30, 2018 were primarily attributable to net earnings related to our Lennar Homebuilding consolidated joint ventures. Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests during the year ended November 30, 2017 was primarily attributable to a net loss related to the FDIC's interest in the portfolio of real estate loans that we acquired in partnership with the FDIC in 2010.
In the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, we had a tax provision of $545.2 million and $417.9 million, respectively. Our overall effective income tax rates were 24.3% and 34.0% for the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The decrease is primarily the result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted in December 2017. The tax reform bill reduced the maximum federal corporate income tax rate to 21%, which also reduced the value of our deferred tax assets. As a result, we recorded a non-cash one-time write down of deferred tax assets that resulted in income tax expense of $68.6 million in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018.
2017 versus 2016
Revenues from home sales increased 15% in the year ended November 30, 2017 to $11.0 billion from $9.6 billion in 2016. Revenues were higher primarily due to an 11% increase in the number of home deliveries, excluding unconsolidated entities, and a 4% increase in the average sales price of homes delivered. New home deliveries, excluding unconsolidated entities, increased to 29,322 homes in the year ended November 30, 2017 from 26,481 homes last year.in 2016. There was an increase in home deliveries in all of our Homebuilding segments and Homebuilding Other.segments. The increase in the number of deliveries was primarily driven by an increase in active communities over the last year2016 and by higher demand as the number of deliveries per active community increased. The average sales price of homes delivered, excluding unconsolidated entities, increased to $376,000 in the year ended November 30, 2017 from $361,000 in the year ended November 30, 2016, primarily due to product mix (selling at different price points) and increased pricing in certain of our markets due to favorable market conditions. Sales incentives offered to homebuyers were $22,700 per home delivered in the year ended November 30, 2017,, or 5.7% as a percentage of home sales revenue, compared to $22,500 per home delivered in the year ended November 30, 2016, or 5.9% as a percentage of home sales revenue.
Gross margins on home sales were $2.4 billion, or 22.1%, in the year ended November 30, 2017, compared to $2.2 billion, or 23.0%, in the year ended November 30, 2016. Gross margin percentage on home sales decreased compared to the year ended November 30, 2016 primarily due to an increase in construction and land costs per home, partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.
Selling, general and administrative expenses were $1.0 billion in the year ended November 30, 2017, compared to $898.9 million in the year ended November 30, 2016. As a percentage of revenues from home sales, selling, general and administrative expenses improved to 9.2% in the year ended November 30, 2017, from 9.4% in the year ended November 30, 2016 due to improved operating leverage as a result of an increase in home deliveries.
Gross profits on land sales were $29.9 million in the year ended November 30, 2017, compared to $44.7 million in the year ended November 30, 2016.
Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was $61.7 million in the year ended November 30, 2017, compared to $49.3 million in the year ended November 30, 2016. In the year ended November 30, 2017, Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was primarily attributable to our share of net operating losses from

our unconsolidated entities which were primarily driven by general and administrative expenses and valuation adjustments related to assets of Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, partially offset by profits from land sales. In the year ended November 30, 2016, Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was primarily attributable to our share of costs associated with the FivePoint combination as well as our share of net operating losses associated with the new FivePoint unconsolidated entity formed as the result of this combination. This was partially offset by $12.7 million of equity in earnings from one of our unconsolidated entities primarily due to sales of homesites to third parties.
Lennar Homebuilding other income, net, totaled $22.8 million in the year ended November 30, 2017, compared to $52.8 million in the year ended November 30, 2016. In the year ended November 30, 2016, other income, net included management fee income and a profit participation related to Lennar Homebuilding's strategic joint ventures and gains on the sale of several clubhouses.
Lennar Homebuilding loss due to litigation of $140 million in the year ended November 30, 2017, was related to litigation regarding a contract we entered into in 2005 to purchase property in Maryland. As a result of the litigation, we purchased the property for $114 million, which approximated our estimate of fair value for the property. In addition, we paid approximately $124 million in interest and other closing costs and have accrued for the amount we expect to pay as reimbursement for attorney's fees.
Lennar Homebuilding interest expense was $277.8 million in the year ended November 30, 2017 ($260.7 million was included in costs of homes sold, $10.0 million in costs of land sold and $7.2 million in other interest expense), compared to $245.1 million in the year ended November 30, 2016 ($235.1 million was included in costs of homes sold, $5.3 million in costs of land sold and $4.6 million in other interest expense). Interest expense included in costs of homes sold increased primarily due to an increase in home deliveries.
Operating earnings for our Lennar Financial Services segment were $155.5 million in the year ended November 30, 2017, compared to $163.6 million in the year ended November 30, 2016. Operating earnings decreased due to lower profitability in the segment's mortgage operations as a result of a decrease in refinance transactions, which led to both lower origination volume and profit per loan. This was partially offset by higher profit per transaction in the segment's title operations and earnings from the real estate brokerage business which was acquired as part of the WCI Communities, Inc. ("WCI") acquisition in February 2017.
Operating earnings for our Lennar Multifamily segment were $73.4 million in the year ended November 30, 2017, compared to operating earnings of $71.2 million in the year ended November 30, 2016. The increase in profitability was primarily due to the segment's $96.7 million share of gains as a result of the sale of seven operating properties by Lennar Multifamily's unconsolidated entities, compared to the segment's $91.0 million share of gains as a result of the sale of seven operating properties by Lennar Multifamily's unconsolidated entities in the year ended November 30, 2016.
Operating earnings for our Rialto segment were $23.6 million in the year ended November 30, 2017 (which included $22.5 million of operating loss and an add back of $46.1 million of net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests). Operating earnings in the year ended November 30, 2016 were $2.1 million (which included $16.7 million of operating loss and add back

of $18.8 million of net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests). The increase in operating earnings was primarily related to an increase in incentive income related to carried interest distributions from the Rialto real estate funds, as well as an increase in management fee income and equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities. This was partially offset by an increase in REO and loan impairments and general and administrative expenses. In addition, the year ended November 30, 2016 included a $16.0 million write-off of uncollectible receivables related to a hospital, which was acquired through the resolution of one of Rialto's loans from a 2010 portfolio.
Operating earnings for our Lennar Multifamily segment were $73.4 million in the year ended November 30, 2017, compared to operating earnings of $71.2 million in the year ended November 30, 2016. The increase in profitability was primarily due to the segment's $96.7 million share of gains as a result of the sale of seven operating properties by Lennar Multifamily's unconsolidated entities, compared to the segment's $91.0 million share of gains as a result of the sale of seven operating properties by Lennar Multifamily's unconsolidated entities in the year ended November 30, 2016.
Corporate general and administrative expenses were $285.9 million, or 2.3% as a percentage of total revenues, in the year ended November 30, 2017, compared to $232.6 million, or 2.1% as a percentage of total revenues, in the year ended November 30, 2016. The increase was primarily due to personnel and related expenses and professional expenses related to technology investments.
Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests were ($38.7) million and $1.2 million in the years ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests during the year ended November 30, 2017 was primarily attributable to net loss related to the FDIC's interest in the portfolio of real estate loans that we acquired in partnership with the FDIC in 2010. Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests during the year ended November 30, 2016 were primarily attributable to earnings related to Lennar Homebuilding consolidated joint ventures, partially offset by a net loss related to the FDIC's interest in the portfolio of real estate loans that we acquired in partnership with the FDIC.
In the years ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, we had a tax provision of $417.9 million and $417.4 million, respectively. Our overall effective income tax rates were 34.02%34.0% and 31.40%31.4% for the years ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The increase is primarily the result of the new energy efficient home credits expiring during the year ended November 30, 2017, which increased our effective tax rate by 1.74%. For the years ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, the impact of this tax credit was (0.73%) and (2.47%), respectively.
In December 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted which will have a positive impact on our effective tax rate in 2018 and subsequent years. The tax reform bill will reduce our effective tax rate in 2018 from 34% to approximately 25%. Excluded from our 2018 effective tax rate is a one-time non-cash write-down of our deferred tax assets of approximately $70 million which will be recorded in the first quarter of 2018 as a result of our lower federal tax rate.
2016 versus 2015
Revenues from home sales increased 15% in the year ended November 30, 2016 to $9.6 billion from $8.3 billion in 2015. Revenues were higher primarily due to a 9% increase in the number of home deliveries, excluding unconsolidated entities, and a 5% increase in the average sales price of homes delivered. New home deliveries, excluding unconsolidated entities, increased to 26,481 homes in the year ended November 30, 2016 from 24,209 homes in 2015. There was an increase in home deliveries in all of our Homebuilding segments and Homebuilding Other. The increase in the number of deliveries was primarily driven by an increase in active communities over 2015 and by higher demand as the number of deliveries per active community increased. The average sales price of homes delivered increased to $361,000 in the year ended November 30, 2016 from $344,000 in the year ended November 30, 2015, primarily due to product mix and increased pricing in certain of our markets due to favorable market conditions. Sales incentives offered to homebuyers were $22,500 per home delivered in the year ended November 30, 2016, or 5.9% as a percentage of home sales revenue, compared to $21,400 per home delivered in the year ended November 30, 2015, or 5.9% as a percentage of home sales revenue.
Gross margins on home sales were $2.2 billion, or 23.0%, in the year ended November 30, 2016, compared to $2.0 billion, or 24.0%, in the year ended November 30, 2015. Gross margin percentage on home sales decreased compared to the year ended November 30, 2015 primarily due to an increase in land costs per home, partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.
Selling, general and administrative expenses were $898.9 million in the year ended November 30, 2016, compared to $831.1 million in the year ended November 30, 2015. As a percentage of revenues from home sales, selling, general and administrative expenses improved to 9.4% in the year ended November 30, 2016, from 10.0% in the year ended November 30, 2015 due to improved operating leverage as a result of an increase in home deliveries and benefits from our focus on digital marketing.
Gross profits on land sales were $44.7 million in the year ended November 30, 2016, compared to $30.1 million in the year ended November 30, 2015.

Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities was ($49.3) million in the year ended November 30, 2016, compared to $63.4 million in the year ended November 30, 2015. In the year ended November 30, 2016, Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was primarily attributable to our share of costs associated with the FivePoint combination and operational net losses from the new FivePoint unconsolidated entity, totaling $42.6 million. This was partially offset by $12.7 million of equity in earnings from one of our unconsolidated entities primarily due to sales of homesites to third parties. In the year ended November 30, 2015, Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities included $82.8 million of equity in earnings from one of our unconsolidated entities primarily due to sales of homesites and a commercial property to third parties, sales of homesites to another joint venture in which we have a 50% investment, and a gain on debt extinguishment.
Lennar Homebuilding other income, net, totaled $52.8 million in the year ended November 30, 2016, compared to $6.2 million in the year ended November 30, 2015. In the year ended November 30, 2016, other income, net, included management fee income and a profit participation related to Lennar Homebuilding's strategic joint ventures and gains on the sale of several clubhouses. In the year ended November 30, 2015, other income, net included $10.2 million aggregate gains on sales of an operating property and a clubhouse.
Lennar Homebuilding interest expense was $245.1 million in the year ended November 30, 2016 ($235.1 million was included in costs of homes sold, $5.3 million in costs of land sold and $4.6 million in other interest expense), compared to $220.1 million in the year ended November 30, 2015 ($205.2 million was included in costs of homes sold, $2.5 million in costs of land sold and $12.5 million in other interest expense). Interest expense included in costs of homes sold increased primarily due to an increase in home deliveries.
Operating earnings for our Lennar Financial Services segment were $163.6 million in the year ended November 30, 2016, compared to $127.8 million in the year ended November 30, 2015. The increase in profitability was primarily due to increased transactions and higher profit per transaction in the segment's mortgage and title operations.
Operating earnings for our Rialto segment were $2.1 million in the year ended November 30, 2016 (which included a $16.7 million operating loss and an add back of $18.8 million of net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests). Operating earnings in the year ended November 30, 2015 were $28.8 million (which included $33.6 million of operating earnings, partially offset by $4.8 million of net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests).The decrease in operating earnings was primarily attributable to a $16.0 million write-off of uncollectible receivables related to a hospital, which was acquired through the resolution of one of Rialto's loans from a 2010 portfolio, a decrease in net realized gains on the sale of REO, an increase in REO and loan impairments, and general and administrative expenses. This was partially offset by an increase in operating earnings related to RMF as a result of higher securitization margins. The hospital is managed by a third party management company.
Operating earnings for our Lennar Multifamily segment were $71.2 million in the year ended November 30, 2016, compared to an operating loss of $7.2 million in the year ended November 30, 2015. The increase in profitability was primarily due to the segment's $91.0 million share of gains as a result of the sale of seven operating properties by Lennar Multifamily's unconsolidated entities. In the year ended November 30, 2015, the operating loss in Lennar Multifamily primarily related to general and administrative expenses, partially offset by the segment's $22.2 million share of gains as a result of the sale of two operating properties by Lennar Multifamily's unconsolidated entities, management fee income and general contractor income, net.
Corporate general and administrative expenses were $232.6 million, or 2.1% as a percentage of total revenues, in the year ended November 30, 2016, compared to $216.2 million, or 2.3% as a percentage of total revenues, in the year ended November 30, 2015. As a percentage of total revenues, corporate general and administrative expenses improved due to increased operating leverage.
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests were $1.2 million and $16.3 million in the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests during the year ended November 30, 2016 were primarily attributable to earnings related to Lennar Homebuilding consolidated joint ventures, partially offset by a net loss related to the FDIC's interest in the portfolio of real estate loans that we acquired in partnership with the FDIC. Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests during the year ended November 30, 2015 were primarily attributable to earnings related to Lennar Homebuilding consolidated joint ventures and net earnings related to the FDIC's interest in the portfolio of real estate loans that we acquired in partnership with the FDIC.
In the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, we had a tax provision of $417.4 million and $390.4 million, respectively. Our overall effective income tax rates were 31.40% and 32.72% for the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The reduction is primarily the result of the reversal of an accrual due to a settlement with the IRS in the year ended November 30, 2016, which reduced our effective tax rate by (1.02%). During the year ended November 30, 2016, tax legislation was passed extending the new energy efficient home credit through 2016, as well as extending the 30% investment

tax credit for solar energy property through 2022. For the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, the impact of these tax credits was (3.46%) and (1.92%), respectively.

Homebuilding Segments
Our Homebuilding operations construct and sell homes primarily for first-time, move-up, and active adult and luxury homebuyers primarily under the Lennar brand name. In addition, our homebuilding operations purchase, develop and sell land to third parties. In certain circumstances, we diversify our operations through strategic alliances and attempt to minimize our risks by investing with third parties in joint ventures.
As of and forIn connection with the year ended November 30, 2017,CalAtlantic acquisition, we have aggregatedexperienced significant growth in our homebuilding activitiesoperations. As a result, our chief operating decision makers ("CODM") reassessed how they evaluate the business and allocate resources. The CODM manages and assesses our performance at a regional level. Therefore, we performed an assessment of our operating segments in accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting, (“ASC 280”) and determined that each of our four homebuilding regions, financial services operations, multifamily operations and Rialto operations are our operating segments. Prior to this change, in accordance with the aggregation criteria defined in ASC 280, our operating segments were aggregated into three reportable segments, which we refer to as Homebuilding East, Homebuilding Central, and Homebuilding West, based primarily upon similar economic characteristics, geography, and product type.
As of and for the year ended November 30, 2018, we have determined that each of our homebuilding regions are our homebuilding operating segments and consist of Homebuilding East, Homebuilding Central, Homebuilding Texas, and Homebuilding West. Information about homebuilding activities in statesour urban divisions that do not have economic characteristics that are similar to those in other states indivisions within the same geographic area is grouped under "Homebuilding Other," which is not a reportable segment. All prior periods have been adjusted to conform with our current presentation.
References in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations to homebuilding segments are to those threefour reportable segments.
At November 30, 20172018 our reportable homebuilding operating segments and Homebuilding Other consisted of homebuilding divisions located in:
East: Florida,(1), Georgia, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina and South Carolina and Virginia
Central: Arizona, Colorado and Texas
West: California and Nevada
Other: Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Oregon, Tennessee and WashingtonVirginia
(1) Florida includes the financial informationTexas: Texas
West: Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, Oregon, Utah and Washington
Other: Urban divisions and other homebuilding related to WCI from the date of acquisition (February 10, 2017) to November 30, 2017.investments, including FivePoint

The following tables set forth selected financial and operational information related to our homebuilding operations for the years indicated:
Selected Financial and Operational Data
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
Homebuilding revenues:          
East:          
Sales of homes$4,577,296
 3,887,217
 3,524,691
$6,193,868
 4,023,150
 3,272,884
Sales of land35,269
 54,119
 38,987
55,996
 31,699
 53,666
Total East4,612,565
 3,941,336
 3,563,678
6,249,864
 4,054,849
 3,326,550
Central:          
Sales of homes2,444,924
 2,218,590
 1,888,126
2,260,105
 915,835
 919,562
Sales of land64,368
 64,989
 56,186
30,782
 7,683
 9,418
Total Central2,509,292
 2,283,579
 1,944,312
2,290,887
 923,518
 928,980
Texas:     
Sales of homes2,366,844
 1,651,619
 1,495,351
Sales of land54,555
 46,112
 47,761
Total Texas2,421,399
 1,697,731
 1,543,112
West:          
Sales of homes3,150,422
 2,704,670
 2,338,652
7,934,138
 4,379,776
 3,782,665
Sales of land46,752
 52,988
 26,867
125,712
 67,308
 65,874
Total West3,197,174
 2,757,658
 2,365,519
8,059,850
 4,447,084
 3,848,539
Other:          
Sales of homes862,657
 748,040
 584,435
55,597
 64,919
 88,055
Sales of land18,554
 10,724
 9,001

 12,141
 6,101
Total Other881,211
 758,764
 593,436
55,597
 77,060
 94,156
Total homebuilding revenues$11,200,242
 9,741,337
 8,466,945
$19,077,597
 11,200,242
 9,741,337

Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
Operating earnings:     
Operating earnings (loss):     
East:          
Sales of homes$614,114
 578,207
 578,185
$728,934
 569,145
 523,961
Sales of land4,970
 22,035
 10,448
20,287
 5,593
 21,986
Equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities1,413
 (230) 118
Other income (expense), net (1)3,187
 17,163
 (7,888)
Loss due to litigation (2)(140,000) 
 
Equity in loss from unconsolidated entities(818) (754) (230)
Other income, net10,818
 1,717
 16,358
Total East483,684
 617,175
 580,863
759,221
 575,701
 562,075
Central:          
Sales of homes272,712
 245,103
 196,372
180,150
 86,847
 84,925
Sales of land (3)8,168
 2,038
 13,595
Equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities (4)(7,447) 401
 75
Sales of land909
 (491) 2,661
Equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities691
 (255) (74)
Other income, net858
 1,598
 622
Loss due to litigation (1)
 (140,000) 
Total Central182,608
 (52,301) 88,134
Texas:     
Sales of homes165,094
 174,188
 161,893
Sales of land10,808
 8,615
 8,319
Equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities469
 8
 364
Other expense, net(3,971) (1,567) (1,344)(3,922) (2,599) (265)
Total Central269,462
 245,975
 208,698
Total Texas172,449
 180,212
 170,311
West:          
Sales of homes429,588
 396,696
 358,054
1,029,251
 601,235
 544,783
Sales of land12,719
 16,689
 446
30,375
 12,896
 9,228
Equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities (5)(55,181) (49,731) 62,960
Other income, net (6)16,809
 32,692
 14,358
Equity in loss from unconsolidated entities (2)(212) (13,095) (2,052)
Other income, net22,888
 14,880
 33,914
Total West403,935
 396,346
 435,818
1,082,302
 615,916
 585,873
Other:          
Sales of homes101,691
 76,741
 39,393
(22,779) (13,310) (18,815)
Sales of land4,011
 3,947
 5,613
(2,305) 3,255
 2,515
Equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities(493) 285
 220
Other income, net6,749
 4,463
 1,036
Equity in loss from unconsolidated entities (3)(92,045) (47,612) (47,283)
Other income, net (4)175,199
 7,178
 2,122
Total Other111,958
 85,436
 46,262
58,070
 (50,489) (61,461)
Total homebuilding operating earnings$1,269,039
 1,344,932
 1,271,641
$2,254,650
 1,269,039
 1,344,932
(1)Other income, net, for the year ended November 30, 2016, included gains of $14.5 million on the sales of three clubhouses. Other expense, net, for the year ended November 30, 2015, primarily related to a loss on a strategic sale of an operating property from one of our consolidated joint ventures, partially offset by noncontrolling interests.
(2)Loss due to litigation regarding a contract we entered into in 2005 to purchase property in Maryland. As a result of the litigation, we purchased the property for $114 million, which approximated our estimate of fair value for the property. In addition, we paid approximately $124 million in interest and other closing costs and hashave accrued for the amount it expectswe expect to pay as reimbursement for attorney's fees.
(3)(2)Sales of landEquity in loss for the year ended November 30, 20162017 included $6.3 millionour share of operational net losses from unconsolidated entities driven by general and administrative expenses and valuation adjustments related to assets of Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, partially offset by profit from land we intend to sell or have sold to third parties.sales.
(4)(3)Equity in loss from unconsolidated entities for the year ended November 30, 20172018 included our share of operating net losses from unconsolidated entities driven by valuation adjustments recorded for anrelated to assets of Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity.
(5)entities. Equity in loss from unconsolidated entities for the year ended November 30, 2017 included our share of operational net losses from unconsolidated entities driven by general and administrative expenses and valuation adjustments related to assets of Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, partially offset by profit from land sales. Equity in loss for the year ended November 30, 2016 included our share of costs associated with the FivePoint combination and operational net losses from the new FivePoint unconsolidated entity, totaling $42.6 million, partially offset by $12.7 million of equity in earnings from one of our unconsolidated entities primarily due to sales of homesites to third parties. Equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities for the year ended November 30, 2015 included $82.8 million of equity in earnings from one of our unconsolidated entities primarily due to the sale of a commercial property and homesites to third parties and a gain on debt extinguishment.
(6)(4)Other income, net for the year ended November 30, 20172018 included an $8.6$164.9 million related to a gain on the sale of an operating property. Other income, net, for the year ended November 30, 2016 included $30.1 million80% interest in one of management fee income and a profit participation related to Lennar Homebuilding's strategic joint ventures. Other income, net, for the year ended November 30, 2015 included a $6.5 million gain on the sale of an operating property.ventures, Treasure Island Holdings.

Summary of Homebuilding Data
Deliveries:
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
HomesHomes
2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
East14,076
 12,483
 11,515
18,161
 12,625
 10,913
Central7,262
 6,788
 6,171
5,865
 2,334
 2,266
Texas7,146
 5,341
 5,010
West6,238
 5,734
 5,245
14,352
 8,971
 8,241
Other1,818
 1,558
 1,361
103
 123
 133
Total29,394
 26,563
 24,292
45,627
 29,394
 26,563
Of the total homes delivered listed above, 64, 72 82 and 8382 represent home deliveries from unconsolidated entities for the years ended November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016, respectively.
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
Dollar Value (In thousands) Average Sales PriceDollar Value (In thousands) Average Sales Price
2017 2016 2015 2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016
East$4,577,296
 3,890,405
 3,527,612
 $325,000
 312,000
 306,000
$6,193,868
 4,023,150
 3,276,072
 $341,000
 319,000
 300,000
Central2,444,924
 2,218,590
 1,888,127
 337,000
 327,000
 306,000
2,260,105
 915,835
 919,563
 385,000
 392,000
 406,000
Texas2,366,844
 1,651,619
 1,495,351
 331,000
 309,000
 298,000
West3,199,252
 2,757,112
 2,383,432
 513,000
 481,000
 454,000
7,934,138
 4,379,775
 3,782,664
 553,000
 488,000
 459,000
Other862,657
 748,040
 584,435
 475,000
 480,000
 429,000
103,330
 113,750
 140,497
 1,003,000
 925,000
 1,056,000
Total$11,084,129
 9,614,147
 8,383,606
 $377,000
 362,000
 345,000
$18,858,285
 11,084,129
 9,614,147
 $413,000
 377,000
 362,000
Of the total dollar value of home deliveries listed above, $47.7 million, $48.8 million $55.6 million and $47.7$55.6 million represent the dollar value of home deliveries from unconsolidated entities for the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015,2016, respectively. The home deliveries from unconsolidated entities had an average sales price of $678,000, $678,000 and $575,000$746,000 for the year ended November 30, 2018 and $678,000 for both years ended November 30, 2017 2016 and 2015, respectively.2016.
Sales Incentives (1):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)(In thousands)
2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
East$332,531
 278,979
 258,594
$444,122
 288,138
 235,377
Central201,701
 183,921
 153,173
157,420
 66,554
 64,856
Texas237,703
 173,005
 160,950
West99,532
 101,337
 80,617
222,684
 132,920
 128,761
Other31,975
 32,062
 25,679
8,195
 5,122
 6,355
Total$665,739
 596,299
 518,063
$1,070,124
 665,739
 596,299
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
Average Sales Incentives Per
Home Delivered
 
Sales Incentives as a
% of Revenue
Average Sales Incentives Per
Home Delivered
 
Sales Incentives as a
% of Revenue
2017 2016 2015 2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016
East$23,600
 22,400
 22,500
 6.8% 6.7% 6.8%$24,500
 22,800
 21,600
 6.7% 6.7% 6.7%
Central27,800
 27,100
 24,800
 7.6% 7.7% 7.5%26,800
 28,500
 28,600
 6.5% 6.8% 6.6%
Texas33,300
 32,400
 32,100
 9.1% 9.5% 9.7%
West16,100
 17,900
 15,600
 3.1% 3.6% 3.3%15,500
 14,800
 15,600
 2.7% 2.9% 3.3%
Other17,600
 20,600
 18,900
 3.6% 4.1% 4.2%210,200
 100,400
 104,200
 12.8% 7.3% 6.7%
Total$22,700
 22,500
 21,400
 5.7% 5.9% 5.9%$23,500
 22,700
 22,500
 5.4% 5.7% 5.9%
(1)Sales incentives relate to home deliveries during the period, excluding deliveries by unconsolidated entities.



New Orders (2):
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
HomesHomes
2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
East14,775
 12,764
 11,579
19,297
 13,214
 11,303
Central7,154
 7,041
 6,448
5,855
 2,428
 2,179
Texas7,078
 5,027
 5,127
West6,715
 5,910
 5,608
13,516
 9,573
 8,692
Other1,704
 1,657
 1,471
80
 106
 71
Total30,348
 27,372
 25,106
45,826
 30,348
 27,372
Of the total new orders listed above, 58, 6523 and 10523 represent new orders from unconsolidated entities for the years ended November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016, respectively.
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
Dollar Value (In thousands) Average Sales PriceDollar Value (In thousands) Average Sales Price
2017 2016 2015 2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016
East$4,795,740
 3,977,605
 3,570,496
 $325,000
 312,000
 308,000
$6,505,867
 4,190,651
 3,417,855
 $337,000
 317,000
 302,000
Central2,409,559
 2,354,618
 2,037,339
 337,000
 334,000
 316,000
2,263,946
 968,771
 867,632
 387,000
 399,000
 398,000
Texas2,284,726
 1,540,418
 1,562,513
 323,000
 306,000
 305,000
West3,529,945
 2,832,993
 2,617,393
 526,000
 479,000
 467,000
7,544,235
 4,752,656
 4,025,723
 558,000
 496,000
 463,000
Other823,993
 788,721
 663,247
 484,000
 476,000
 451,000
82,522
 106,741
 80,214
 1,032,000
 1,007,000
 1,130,000
Total$11,559,237
 9,953,937
 8,888,475
 $381,000
 364,000
 354,000
$18,681,296
 11,559,237
 9,953,937
 $408,000
 381,000
 364,000
Of the total dollar value of new orders listed above, $39.7 million, $48.0 million $9.2 million and $70.2$9.2 million represent the dollar value of new orders from unconsolidated entities for the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015,2016, respectively. The new orders from unconsolidated entities had an average sales price of $685,000, $738,000 $401,000 and $669,000$401,000 for the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015,2016, respectively.
(2)New orders represent the number of new sales contracts executed with homebuyers, net of cancellations, during the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015.2016.
Backlog:Backlog (3):
November 30,November 30,
HomesHomes
2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
East (3)(4)4,300
 3,243
 2,852
7,075
 3,812
 2,865
Central(5)2,213
 2,321
 2,068
1,986
 715
 621
Texas2,148
 1,339
 1,653
West2,007
 1,530
 1,354
4,401
 3,040
 2,438
Other (4)415
 529
 372
Other6
 29
 46
Total8,935
 7,623
 6,646
15,616
 8,935
 7,623
Of the total homes in backlog listed above, 17, 23 30 and 8930 represent homes in backlog from unconsolidated entities at November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016, respectively.
November 30,November 30,
Dollar Value (In thousands) Average Sales PriceDollar Value (In thousands) Average Sales Price
2017 2016 2015 2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016
East$1,468,830
 1,065,425
 928,098
 $342,000
 329,000
 325,000
$2,522,710
 1,273,847
 921,436
 $357,000
 334,000
 322,000
Central785,469
 821,608
 685,750
 355,000
 354,000
 332,000
790,252
 295,813
 242,950
 398,000
 414,000
 391,000
Texas760,721
 425,485
 537,460
 354,000
 318,000
 325,000
West1,078,760
 748,488
 671,524
 537,000
 489,000
 496,000
2,487,451
 1,525,424
 1,152,886
 565,000
 502,000
 473,000
Other217,307
 256,017
 192,379
 524,000
 484,000
 517,000
8,989
 29,797
 36,806
 1,498,000
 1,027,000
 800,000
Total$3,550,366
 2,891,538
 2,477,751
 $397,000
 379,000
 373,000
$6,570,123
 3,550,366
 2,891,538
 $421,000
 397,000
 379,000

Of the total dollar value of homes in backlog listed above, $7.1 million, $15.2 million $16.0 million and $62.4$16.0 million represent the dollar value of homes in backlog from unconsolidated entities at November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015,2016, respectively. The homes in backlog from unconsolidated entities had an average sales price of $420,000, $659,000 and $533,000 and $701,000at November 30, 2018, 2017, 2016 and 2015,2016, respectively.
(3)During the year ended November 30, 2018, we acquired a total of 6,481 homes in backlog in connection with the CalAtlantic acquisition. Of the homes acquired that were in backlog, 2,126 homes were in the East, 1,281 homes were in the Central, 877 homes were in Texas and 2,197 homes were in the West.
(4)During the year ended November 30, 2017, we acquired 359 homes in backlog as a result of the WCI acquisition. During the year ended November 30, 2016, we acquired 110 homes in backlog from other homebuilders.

(4)(5)During the year ended November 30, 2016, we acquired 58 homes in backlog.
Backlog represents the number of homes under sales contracts. Homes are sold using sales contracts, which are generally accompanied by sales deposits. In some instances, purchasers are permitted to cancel sales if they fail to qualify for financing or under certain other circumstances. We do not recognize revenue on homes under sales contracts until the sales are closed and title passes to the new homeowners.
We experienced cancellation rates as follows:
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
East15% 14% 15%14% 15% 14%
Central19% 20% 21%11% 11% 13%
Texas21% 21% 22%
West14% 15% 13%14% 14% 14%
Other10% 11% 11%21% 24% 17%
Total15% 16% 16%15% 15% 16%
Active Communities:
November 30,November 30,
2017 2016 20152018 (1) 2017 2016
East (1)(2)354
 303
 284
481
 306
 261
Central216
 199
 206
243
 86
 81
Texas240
 158
 155
West138
 135
 119
361
 211
 194
Other57
 58
 56
4
 4
 4
Total765
 695
 665
1,329
 765
 695
Of the total active communities listed above, fourfive communities represent active communities being developed by unconsolidated entities as of November 30, 2017.2018. Of the total active communities listed above, twofour and threetwo communities represent active communities being constructed by unconsolidated entities as of November 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.
(1)We acquired 542 active communities as part of the CalAtlantic acquisition on February 12, 2018. Of the communities acquired, 177 were in the East, 135 were in the Central, 99 were in Texas and 131 were in the West.
(2)We acquired 51 active communities related toas part of the WCI acquisition on February 10, 2017. As of November 30, 2017, there were 52 active communities.
Selected Pro Forma Homebuilding Data

On February 12, 2018, we completed our acquisition of CalAtlantic. To aid readers with comparability of key homebuilding metrics, we are including pro forma homebuilding information about combined new orders and deliveries of Lennar and CalAtlantic for the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017 reflecting our updated homebuilding segments as if the acquisition occurred on December 1, 2016.

Pro forma Deliveries:
 Years Ended November 30,
 Homes
 2018 2017
East19,231
 17,339
Central6,506
 5,376
Texas7,582
 7,635
West15,434
 13,355
Other103
 123
Total48,856
 43,828
Pro forma New Orders:
 Years Ended November 30,
 Homes
 2018 2017
East20,041
 18,162
Central6,484
 5,520
Texas7,372
 7,144
West14,303
 14,362
Other80
 106
Total48,280
 45,294
The following table details our gross margins on home sales for each of our reportable homebuilding segments and Homebuilding Other:
Years Ended November 30, Years Ended November 30, 
(Dollars in thousands)2017 2016 2015 2018 (1) 2017 2016 
East:            
Sales of homes$4,577,296
 3,887,217
 3,524,691
 $6,193,868
 4,023,150
 3,272,884
 
Costs of homes sold3,504,176
 2,935,921
 2,599,855
 4,900,188
 3,054,456
 2,436,755
 
Gross margins on home sales1,073,120
23.4%951,296
24.5%924,836
26.2%1,293,680
20.9%968,694
24.1%836,129
25.5%
Central:            
Sales of homes2,444,924
 2,218,590
 1,888,126
 2,260,105
 915,835
 919,562
 
Costs of homes sold1,936,879
 1,752,781
 1,485,243
 1,882,114
 736,586
 744,997
 
Gross margins on home sales508,045
20.8%465,809
21.0%402,883
21.3%377,991
16.7%179,249
19.6%174,565
19.0%
Texas:      
Sales of homes2,366,844
 1,651,619
 1,495,351
 
Costs of homes sold1,952,366
 1,303,268
 1,168,825
 
Gross margins on home sales414,478
17.5%348,351
21.1%326,526
21.8%
West:            
Sales of homes3,150,422
 2,704,670
 2,338,652
 7,934,138
 4,379,776
 3,782,665
 
Costs of homes sold2,489,788
 2,086,480
 1,773,651
 6,331,368
 3,448,691
 2,941,798
 
Gross margins on home sales660,634
21.0%618,190
22.9%565,001
24.2%1,602,770
20.2%931,085
21.3%840,867
22.2%
Other:            
Sales of homes862,657
 748,040
 584,435
 55,597
 64,919
 88,055
 
Costs of homes sold670,503
 587,671
 474,101
 
Gross margins on home sales192,154
22.3%160,369
21.4%110,334
18.9%
Costs of homes sold (2)55,702
 58,345
 70,478
 
Gross margins on home sales (2)(105)(0.2)%6,574
10.1%17,577
20.0%
Total gross margins on home sales$2,433,953
22.1%2,195,664
23.0%2,003,054
24.0%$3,688,814
19.6%2,433,953
22.1%2,195,664
23.0%
(1) During the year ended November 30, 2018, gross margin on home sales included backlog/construction in progress write-up of $414.6 million related to purchase accounting on CalAtlantic homes that were delivered in the year ended November 30, 2018.
(2) Costs of homes sold include period costs in Urban divisions that impact costs of homes sold without any sales of homes revenue.

20172018 versus 20162017
Homebuilding East: Revenues from home sales increased in 20172018 compared to 2016,2017, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries in Florida andall the Carolinas, partially offset by a decreasestates in the number of home deliveries in Georgia and Virginia.segment. Revenues from home sales also increased as a result of the increase in the average sales price of homes delivered in Florida and the Carolinas, partially offset by a decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered in Georgia and Virginia.New Jersey. The increase in the number of deliveries in Florida was primarily driven by an increase in active communities overincluding communities acquired from CalAtlantic. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered in Florida and the Carolinas was primarily due to an increase in home deliveries in higher-priced communities, including higher-priced communities acquired from CalAtlantic. The decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered in New Jersey was primarily driven by a change in product mix due to closing out the remaining homes in higher-priced communities and opening lower-priced communities during the year ended November 30, 2018. Gross margin percentage on home sales for the year ended November 30, 2018 decreased compared to the same period last year primarily relateddue to increases in construction and land costs per home and purchase accounting adjustments on CalAtlantic homes that were in backlog/construction in progress when we acquired CalAtlantic, which reduced the WCI acquisition.gross margin percentage on those deliveries. This was partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.
Homebuilding Central: Revenues from home sales increased in 2018 compared to 2017, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries in all the states in the segment. The increase in the number of deliveries in the Carolinas was primarily driven by an increase in active communities.communities including communities acquired from CalAtlantic. The average sales prices in the segment decreased in 2018 compared to 2017, primarily due to communities acquired from CalAtlantic in Indiana and Illinois, which are lower-priced communities, and a decrease in average sales prices in Georgia and Minnesota. The decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered in Georgia and Minnesota was primarily driven by a change in product mix due to closing out the remaining homes in higher-priced communities and opening lower-priced communities during the year ended November 30, 2018. Gross margin percentage on home sales for the year ended November 30, 2018 decreased compared to the same period last year primarily due to increases in construction and land costs per home and purchase accounting adjustments on CalAtlantic homes that were in backlog/construction in progress when we acquired CalAtlantic, which reduced the gross margin percentage on those deliveries.
Homebuilding Texas: Revenues from home sales increased in 2018 compared to 2017, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries and in the average sales price of homes delivered. The increase in the number of deliveries was primarily driven by an increase in Georgia and Virginiaactive communities including communities acquired from CalAtlantic. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered was primarily due to a decreasean increase in home deliveries in higher-priced communities, including higher-priced communities acquired from CalAtlantic. Gross margin percentage on home sales for the year ended November 30, 2018 decreased compared to the same period last year primarily due to increases in construction and land costs per home and purchase accounting adjustments on CalAtlantic homes that were in backlog/construction in progress when we acquired CalAtlantic, which reduced the gross margin percentage on those deliveries. This was partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.
Homebuilding West: Revenues from home sales increased in 2018 compared to 2017, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries and average sales price of homes delivered in all the states in the segment. The increase in the number of deliveries was primarily driven by an increase in active communitycommunities including communities acquired from CalAtlantic. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered was primarily due to an increase in home deliveries in higher-priced communities, including higher-priced communities acquired from CalAtlantic. Gross margin percentage on home sales for the year ended November 30, 2018 decreased compared to the same period last year primarily due to increases in construction and land costs per home and purchase accounting adjustments on CalAtlantic homes that were in backlog/construction in progress when we acquired CalAtlantic, which reduced the gross margin percentage on those deliveries. This was partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.

2017 versus 2016
Homebuilding East: Revenues from home sales increased in 2017 compared to 2016, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries in all states in the segment. Revenues from home sales also increased as a result of timingthe increase in the average sales price of openinghomes delivered in Florida and closingthe Carolinas, partially offset by a decrease in the average sales price of communities.homes delivered in New Jersey. The increase in the number of deliveries was primarily driven by an increase in active communities during 2017 primarily related to the WCI acquisition. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered in Florida and the Carolinas was primarily due to an increase in home deliveries in higher-priced communities and favorable market conditions. The decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered in Georgia and VirginiaNew Jersey was primarily driven by a change in product mix due to closing out the remaining homes in higher-priced communities and opening lower-priced communities during the year ended November 30, 2017. Gross margin percentage on home sales for the year ended November 30, 2017 decreased compared to the same period last year2016 primarily due to an increase in direct construction costs per home, partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.
Homebuilding Central: Revenues from home sales decreased slightly in 2017 compared to 2016, primarily due to a decrease in the number of home deliveries in Georgia and Virginia and a slight decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered in all the states in the segment. This was partially offset by an increase in the number of home deliveries in Minnesota and Tennessee. The decrease in the number of deliveries in Georgia and Virginia was primarily due to a decrease in deliveries per active community as a result of timing of opening and closing of communities. The increase in the number of deliveries in Minnesota and Tennessee was primarily driven by higher demand as the number of deliveries per active community increased. The decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered in all states in Homebuilding Central, was primarily driven by a change in product mix due to closing out the remaining homes in higher-priced communities and opening lower-priced communities during the year ended November 30, 2017. Gross margin percentage on home sales for the year ended November 30, 2017 decreased compared to 2016 primarily due to an increase in land and direct construction costs per home.
Homebuilding Texas: Revenues from home sales increased in 2017 compared to 2016, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries in Texas and Arizona and an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered in all the states in the segment.delivered. The increase in the number of deliveries in Homebuilding Texas was primarily driven by higher demand as the number of deliveries per active community increased and the number of active communities increased. The increase in the number of deliveries in Arizona was primarily driven by an increase in the number of active communities. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered was primarily due to favorable market conditions. Gross margin percentage on home sales for the year ended November 30, 2017 decreased compared to the same period last year primarily due to an increase in land and direct construction costs per home, partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.
Homebuilding West: Revenues from home sales increased in 2017 compared to 2016, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries in all the states in the segment, except Colorado and an increase in the average sales price in all the states in the segment.segment, except Oregon. The increase in the number of home deliveries is primarily driven by higher demand as the number of deliveries per active community increased. The decrease in the number of deliveries in Colorado was primarily due to a decrease in deliveries per active community as a result of timing of opening and closing of communities. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered was primarily due to a change in product mix and favorable market conditions. The decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered in Oregon was primarily driven by a change in product mix due to closing out the remaining homes in higher-priced communities and opening lower-priced communities during the year ended November 30, 2017. Gross margin percentage on home sales for the year ended November 30, 2017 decreased compared to the same period last year primarily due to an increase in direct construction and land costs per home, partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.
Homebuilding Other: Revenues from home sales increased in 2017 compared to 2016, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries in Minnesota and Tennessee, partially offset by a decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered in all states in Homebuilding Other except Washington. The increase in the number of deliveries in Minnesota and Tennessee was primarily driven by higher demand as the number of deliveries per active community increased. The decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered in all states in Homebuilding Other, except Washington, was primarily driven by a change in product mix due to closing out the remaining homes in higher-priced communities and opening lower-priced communities during the year ended November 30, 2017. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered in Washington was primarily due to favorable market conditions and a change in product mix. Gross margin percentage on home sales for the year ended November 30, 2017 increased compared to the same period last year primarily due to a decrease in construction costs per home delivered as the average sales price of homes delivered decreased as well.
2016 versus 2015
Homebuilding East: Revenues from home sales increased in 2016 compared to 2015, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries in all the states in the segment, except Virginia and Georgia, and an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered in all the states in the segment, except Florida. The increase in the number of deliveries was primarily driven by an increase in active communities over 2015 primarily in Florida and/or driven by higher demand as the number of deliveries per active community increased. The decrease in home deliveries in Virginia and Georgia was primarily driven by a decrease in active communities that had a high volume of home deliveries in 2015. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered was primarily due to a change in product mix as there was an increase in home deliveries in higher-priced communities in 2016 compared to 2015 and/or because we have been able to increase the sales price in certain of our communities due to favorable market conditions. The decrease in average sales price of homes delivered in Florida was primarily driven by a change in product mix due to closing out the remaining homes in higher-priced communities in 2015 and opening lower-priced communities in 2016. In addition, we have also been able to increase the sales prices in certain of our communities due to favorable market conditions. Gross margin percentage on home sales decreased compared to 2015 primarily due to an increase in land and direct construction costs per home, partially offset by an increase in average sales price of homes delivered.

Homebuilding Central: Revenues from home sales increased in 2016 compared to 2015, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries and in the average sales price of homes delivered in all the states in the segment. The increase in the number of deliveries was primarily driven by higher demand as the number of deliveries per active community increased. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered was primarily due to a change in product mix driven by an increase in home deliveries in higher-priced close out communities in 2016 compared to 2015 and/or because we have been able to increase the sales prices in certain of our communities due to favorable market conditions. Gross margin percentage on home sales slightly decreased compared to 2015 primarily due to an increase in land costs per home, partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.
Homebuilding West: Revenues from home sales increased in 2016 compared to 2015, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries in California, partially offset by a decrease in the number of home deliveries in Nevada and an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered in all the states in the segment. The increase in the number of deliveries in California was primarily driven by an increase in active communities over 2015 and/or by higher demand as the number of deliveries per active community increased. The decrease in the number of deliveries in Nevada was primarily driven by lower demand as the number of deliveries per active community decreased due to a change in product mix (selling at different price points) from 2015. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered was primarily due to a change in product mix (selling at different price points) and/or because we have been able to increase the sales prices in certain of our communities due to favorable market conditions. Gross margin percentage on home sales decreased compared to 2015 primarily due to an increase in land costs per home and an increase in sales incentives offered to homebuyers as a percentage of revenues from home sales, partially offset by an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered.
Homebuilding Other: Revenues from home sales increased in 2016 compared to 2015, primarily due to an increase in the number of home deliveries in all the states in Homebuilding Other and an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered in all states in Homebuilding Other, except Minnesota. The increase in the number of deliveries was primarily driven by an increase in active communities over 2015 and/or by higher demand as the number of deliveries per active community increased. The increase in the average sales price of homes delivered was primarily due to an increase in home deliveries in higher-priced communities in 2016 compared to 2015. The decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered in Minnesota was primarily due to the lower average sales price of the homes acquired in backlog. Gross margin percentage on home sales increased compared to 2015 primarily due to an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered and a decrease in construction and land costs per home (prior year's land costs per home included a valuation adjustment of $9.6 million in our Northeast Urban operations).
Lennar Financial Services Segment
Our Lennar Financial Services reportable segment provides mortgage financing, title insurance and closing services for both buyers of our homes and others. Our Lennar Financial Services segment sells substantially all of the loans it originates within a short period in the secondary mortgage market, thea majority of which are soldthem on a servicing released, non-recourse basis. After the loans are sold, we retain potential liability for possible claims by purchasers that we breached certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties in the loan sale agreements. SeveralOccasional claims of this type have been asserted against us.are a normal incident of our loan securitization activities. We do not believe these claims will have a material adverse effect on our business.
As part of the WCI acquisition in February 2017, Lennar Financial Services acquired a real estate brokerage business
under the Berkshire Hathaway Home Services brand. This business operates only in Florida.
In June 2017, our captive mortgage financing services operations changed its name from Universal American Mortgage Company, LLC to Eagle Home Mortgage, LLC.
The following table sets forth selected financial and operational information related to our Lennar Financial Services segment:
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
Revenues$770,109
 687,255
 620,527
$867,831
 770,109
 687,255
Costs and expenses614,585
 523,638
 492,732
680,401
 614,585
 523,638
Operating earnings$155,524
 163,617
 127,795
$187,430
 155,524
 163,617
Dollar value of mortgages originated$8,973,000
 9,343,000
 8,877,000
$11,079,000
 8,973,000
 9,343,000
Number of mortgages originated31,600
 33,500
 32,600
36,500
 31,600
 33,500
Mortgage capture rate of Lennar homebuyers80% 82% 82%73% 80% 82%
Number of title and closing service transactions110,000
 116,000
 108,600
118,000
 110,000
 116,000
Number of title policies issued314,800
 298,900
 263,500
297,600
 314,800
 298,900


Rialto Segment
Our Rialto reportable segment is a commercialSubsequent to November 30, 2018, we sold the majority of our retail title business, our title insurance underwriting business, and our real estate investment, investment management,brokerage business and finance company focused on raising, investing and managing third-party capital, originating and selling into securitizations commercial mortgage loans as well as investingcontracted to sell our own capital in real estate related mortgage loans, properties and related securities. Rialto utilizes its vertically-integrated investment and operating platformbusiness of offering residential mortgages to underwrite, perform diligence, acquire, manage, workout and add value to diverse portfolios of real estate loans, properties and securities as well as providing strategic real estate capital. Rialto's primary focus is to manage third-party capital and to originate and sell into securitizations commercial mortgage loans. Rialto has continued the workout and/or oversight of billions of dollars of real estate assets across the United States, including commercial and residential real estate loans and properties as well as mortgage backed securities with the objective of generating superior, risk-adjusted returns. To date, many of the investment and management opportunities have arisen from the dislocation in the United States real estate markets and the restructuring and recapitalization of those markets.non-Lennar homebuyers.
Rialto's operating earnings (loss) were as follows:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Revenues$281,243
 233,966
 221,923
Costs and expenses (1)247,549
 229,769
 222,875
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities25,447
 18,961
 22,293
Rialto other income (expense), net (2)(81,636) (39,850) 12,254
Operating earnings (loss) (3)$(22,495) (16,692) 33,595
(1)Costs and expenses included loan impairments of $32.6 million, $18.2 million and $10.4 million for the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, primarily associated with the segment's FDIC loans portfolio (before noncontrolling interests).
(2)Rialto other income (expense), net, included REO impairments of $63.6 million, $24.4 million and $12.4 million for the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
(3)Operating earnings (loss) for the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015 included net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests of ($46.1) million, ($18.8) million and $4.8 million, respectively.
The following is a detail of Rialto other income (expense), net:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Realized gains on REO sales, net$4,578
 17,495
 35,242
Unrealized losses on transfer of loans receivable to REO and impairments, net(64,623) (23,087) (13,678)
REO and other expenses(49,432) (54,008) (57,740)
Rental and other income (1)27,841
 19,750
 48,430
Rialto other income (expense), net$(81,636) (39,850) 12,254
(1)Rental and other income for the year ended November 30, 2016, included a $16.0 million write-off of uncollectible receivables related to a hospital, which was acquired through the resolution of one of Rialto's loans from a 2010 portfolio.
Rialto Mortgage Finance
RMF originates and sells into securitizations five, seven and ten year commercial first mortgage loans, which are secured by income producing properties. This business has become a significant contributor to Rialto's revenues.
During the year ended November 30, 2017, RMF originated loans with a total principal balance of $1.7 billion, of which $1.6 billion were recorded as loans held-for-sale and $98.4 million as accrual loans within loans receivable, net, and sold $1.5 billion of loans into 12 separate securitizations. During the year ended November 30, 2016, RMF originated loans with a total principal balance of $1.8 billion of which $1.7 billion were recorded as loans held-for-sale and $81.2 million were recorded as accrual loans within loans receivable, net, and sold $1.9 billion of loans into 11 separate securitizations. As of November 30, 2017, there were no unsettled transactions. As of November 30, 2016, originated loans with an unpaid principal balance of $199.8 million were sold into a securitization trust but not settled and thus were included as Rialto's receivables, net.
FDIC Portfolios
In 2010, the Rialto segment acquired indirectly 40% managing member equity interests in two limited liability companies ("LLCs") in partnership with the FDIC ("FDIC Portfolios"). The LLCs met the accounting definition of VIEs and since we were determined to be the primary beneficiary, we consolidated the LLCs. In February 2017, the FDIC exercised its “clean-up call rights” under the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement. As a result, Rialto had until July 10, 2017 to liquidate and sell the assets in the FDIC Portfolios. On July 10, 2017, Rialto and the FDIC entered into an

agreement which extended the original agreement date to January 10, 2018. At November 30, 2017, the consolidated LLCs had total combined assets of $48.8 million, which primarily included $23.8 million in cash, $20.0 million of real estate owned, net and $1.6 million of loans held-for-sale. As of January 11, 2018, (1) the FDIC can, at its discretion, sell any remaining assets, or (2) Rialto has the option to purchase the FDIC's interest in the portfolios. As of January 19, 2018, there were only four assets with a carrying value totaling $0.3 million which were not under contract to sell.
Investments
Rialto is the sponsor of and an investor in private equity vehicles that invest in and manage real estate related assets and other related investments. These include:
Private Equity VehicleInception YearCommitment
Rialto Real Estate Fund, LP2010$700 million (including $75 million by us)
Rialto Real Estate Fund II, LP2012$1.3 billion (including $100 million by us)
Rialto Mezzanine Partners Fund, LP2013$300 million (including $34 million by us)
Rialto Capital CMBS Funds2014$119 million (including $52 million by us)
Rialto Real Estate Fund III2015$1.9 billion (including $140 million by us)
Rialto Credit Partnership, LP2016$220 million (including $20 million by us)
Rialto also earns fees for its role as a manager of these vehicles and for providing asset management and other services to those vehicles and other third parties.
At November 30, 2017 and 2016, the carrying value of Rialto's commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") was $179.7 million and $71.3 million, respectively. These securities were purchased at discount rates ranging from 9% to 84% with coupon rates ranging from 1.3% to 5.0%, stated and assumed final distribution dates between November 2020 and October 2027, and stated maturity dates between November 2043 and March 2059. The Rialto segment reviews changes in estimated cash flows periodically to determine if an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred on its CMBS. Based on the Rialto segment’s assessment, no impairment charges were recorded during any of the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015. The Rialto segment classified these securities as held-to-maturity based on its intent and ability to hold the securities until maturity.
During 2017, Rialto purchased a 5% vertical strip in three separate CMBS transactions. A vertical interest is an equal interest in each class of securities issued in the securitization (e.g., 5.0% of each class) or a single vertical security entitling the holder to a specific percentage of the amounts paid on each class of those securities. As part of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Protection Act that came into effect in December 2016, originators that contribute loans to a CMBS trust are required to satisfy risk retention rules. Some risk retention rules permit the retention of risk by third parties, and the risk may be held by purchasing vertical, horizontal or other combined strips in a securitization.
Lennar Multifamily Segment
We have been actively involved, primarily through unconsolidated entities, in the development, construction and property management of multifamily rental properties. Our Lennar Multifamily segment focuses on developing a geographically diversified portfolio of institutional quality multifamily rental properties in select U.S. markets.
Originally, our Lennar Multifamily segment focused on building multifamily properties and selling them shortly after they were completed. However, more recently we have focused on creating and participating in ventures that build multifamily properties with the intention of retaining them after they are completed.
As of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, our balance sheet had $710.7$874.2 million and $526.1$710.7 million, respectively, of assets related to our Lennar Multifamily segment, which included investments in unconsolidated entities of $407.5$481.1 million and $318.6$407.5 million, respectively. Our net investment in the Lennar Multifamily segment as of November 30, 2018 and 2017 and 2016 was $561.0$703.6 million and $412.9$561.0 million, respectively. During the year ended November 30, 2018, our Lennar Multifamily segment sold, through its unconsolidated entities, 6 operating properties and an investment in an operating property resulting in the segment's $61.2 million share of gains. During both years ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, our Lennar Multifamily segment sold seven operating properties, through its unconsolidated entities, resulting in the segment's $96.7 million share of gains. During the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, our Lennar Multifamily segment sold seven and two operating properties, respectively, through its unconsolidated entities resulting in the segment's $91.0 million and $22.2 million share of gains, respectively. During the year ended November 30, 2016, our Lennar Multifamily segment sold land to third parties generating gross profit of $5.6 million.
Our Lennar Multifamily segment had equity investments in 2722 and 2827 unconsolidated entities (including the Lennar Multifamily Venture the "Venture"Fund I LP (the "Venture Fund") and Lennar Multifamily Venture Fund II LP, ("Venture Fund II") as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. As of November 30, 2017,2018, our Lennar Multifamily segment had interests in 5355 communities with development costs of $5.1$6.3 billion, of which 1323 communities were completed and operating, 125 communities were partially completed and leasing, 2219 communities were under construction and the remaining communities were either owned or under contract. As of November 30, 2017,2018, our Lennar Multifamily segment also had a pipeline of potential future projects totaling $4.0$3.5 billion in assetsof anticipated development costs across a number of states that wouldwill be developed primarily by future unconsolidated entities.

The Venture Fund is a long-term multifamily development investment vehicle involved in the development, construction and property management of class-A multifamily assets with $2.2 billion in equity commitments, including a $504 million co-investment commitment by us comprised of cash, undeveloped land and preacquisition costs.
In March 2018, the Lennar Multifamily segment completed the first closing of a second Lennar Multifamily Venture, Venture Fund II, for the development, construction and property management of Class-A multifamily assets. As of November 30, 2018, Venture Fund II had approximately $787 million of equity commitments, including a $255 million co-investment commitment by Lennar comprised of cash, undeveloped land and preacquisition costs. As of and for the year ended November 30, 2018, $252.1 million in equity commitments were called, of which we contributed our portion of $81.2 million, which was made up of a $188.4 million inventory and cash contributions, offset by $107.2 million of distributions as a return of capital, resulting in a remaining equity commitment for the Company of $173.8 million. As of November 30, 2018, the carrying value of our investment in Venture Fund II was $63.0 million. The difference between our net contributions and the carrying value of our investments was related to a basis difference. Venture Fund II is currently seeded with eight undeveloped

multifamily assets that were previously purchased by the Lennar Multifamily segment totaling approximately 3,000 apartments with projected project costs of approximately $1.3 billion.
Rialto Segment
As of November 30, 2018, our Rialto operating segment was a commercial real estate investment, investment management, and finance company focused on raising, investing and managing third-party capital, originating and selling into securitizations commercial mortgage loans as well as investing our own capital in real estate related mortgage loans, properties and related securities. We sold our Rialto investment and asset management platform on November 30, 2018 for $340 million, which resulted in a gain of $296.4 million. We retained our RMF business, which moved into our Financial Services segment as of December 1, 2018. We also retained our fund investments along with our carried interests in various Rialto funds and investments in other Rialto balance sheet assets. Our limited partner investments in Rialto funds and investment vehicles totaled $297.4 million at November 30, 2018, and we are committed to invest as much as an additional $71.6 million in Rialto funds.
Rialto's operating losses were as follows:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Revenues$205,071
 281,243
 233,966
Costs and expenses (1)190,413
 247,549
 229,769
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities25,816
 25,447
 18,961
Rialto other expense, net (2)(62,058) (81,636) (39,850)
Operating loss (3)$(21,584) (22,495) (16,692)
(1)Costs and expenses included loan impairments of $2.1 million, $32.6 million and $18.2 million for the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, primarily associated with the segment's FDIC loans portfolio (before noncontrolling interests).
(2)Rialto other expense, net, included REO impairments of $33.2 million, $63.6 million and $24.4 million for the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Additionally, for the year ended November 30, 2018, Rialto other expense, net, included non-recurring expenses.
(3)Operating loss for the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016 included net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests of $3.3 million, $46.1 million and $18.8 million, respectively.
The following is a detail of Rialto other expense, net:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Realized gains on REO sales, net$3,734
 4,578
 17,495
Unrealized losses on transfer of loans receivable to REO and impairments, net(33,099) (64,623) (23,087)
REO and other expenses(70,084) (49,432) (54,008)
Rental and other income37,391
 27,841
 19,750
Rialto other expense, net$(62,058) (81,636) (39,850)
RMF
RMF originates and sells into securitizations five, seven and ten year commercial first mortgage loans, which are secured by income producing properties. This business has become a significant contributor to Rialto's revenues.
During the year ended November 30, 2018, RMF originated loans with a total principal balance of $1.4 billion, all of which was recorded as loans held-for-sale, and sold $1.5 billion of loans into 16 separate securitizations. During the year ended November 30, 2017, RMF originated loans with a principal balance of $1.7 billion of which $1.6 billion were recorded as loans held-for-sale and $98.4 million were recorded as accrual loans within loans receivable, net, and sold $1.5 billion of loans into 12 separate securitizations. As of November 30, 2018, originated loans with an unpaid balance of $218.4 million were sold into a securitization trust but not settled and thus were included as receivables, net. As of November 30, 2017, there were no unsettled transactions.
Investments
Rialto was the sponsor of and an investor in private equity vehicles that invest in and manage real estate related assets and other related investments. During the year ended November 30, 2018, Rialto also earned fees for its role as a manager of these vehicles and for providing asset management and other services to those vehicles and other third parties. We retained our fund investments along with our carried interests in various Rialto funds and investments in other Rialto balance sheet assets.

At November 30, 2018 and 2017, the carrying value of Rialto's commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") was $197.0 million and $179.7 million, respectively. These securities were purchased at discount rates ranging from 9% to 84% with coupon rates ranging from 1.3% to 5.0%, stated and assumed final distribution dates between November 2020 and December 2027, and stated maturity dates between November 2043 and March 2059. The Rialto segment reviewed changes in estimated cash flows periodically to determine if an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred on its CMBS. Based on management’s assessment, no impairment charges were recorded during any of the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016. The Rialto segment classified these securities as held-to-maturity based on its intent and ability to hold the securities until maturity.
Financial Condition and Capital Resources
At November 30, 2017,2018, we had cash and cash equivalents related to our homebuilding, financial services, Rialto and multifamily operations of $2.7$1.6 billion, compared to $1.3$2.7 billion and $1.2$1.3 billion at November 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, respectively. At November 30, 2017, cash included $1.16 billion, which will be paid to CalAtlantic stockholders in connection with the acquisition of CalAtlantic.
We finance all of our activities including Homebuilding,homebuilding, financial services, Rialto, multifamily and general operating needs primarily with cash generated from our operations, debt issuances and equity offerings as well as cash borrowed under our warehouse lines of credit and our unsecured revolving credit facility (the "Credit Facility").
Operating Cash Flow Activities
During 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015,2016, cash provided by (used in) operating activities totaled $1.7 billion, $996.9 million and $507.8 million, respectively. During 2018, cash provided by operating activities was positively impacted by our net earnings, an increase in accounts payable and ($419.6)other liabilities of $412.8 million, respectively. deferred income tax expense of $268.0 million and a decrease in loans held-for-sale of $5.8 million of which $153.3 million related to Rialto, partially offset by an increase in loans held-for-sale of $147.5 million related to Lennar Financial Services. In addition, cash provided by operating activities was negatively impacted by an increase in other assets of $36.9 million, an increase in receivables of $431.2 million and an increase in inventories due to strategic land purchases, land development and construction costs of $135.9 million. For the year ended November 30, 2018, distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities were $113.1 million, which included (1) $69.9 million from Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, (2) $37.8 million from Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities, and (3) $5.4 million from Rialto unconsolidated entities.
During 2017, cash provided by operating activities was positively impacted by our net earnings, a decrease in receivables, an increase in accounts payable and other liabilities and a decrease in restricted cash, partially offset by an increase in other assets and an increase in loans held-for-sale of $108.9 million related to Rialto. In addition, cash provided by operating activities was negatively impacted by an increase in inventories due to strategic land purchases, land development and construction costs. For the year ended November 30, 2017, distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities were $137.7 million, which included (1) $35.0 million from Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, (2) $12.9 million from Rialto unconsolidated entities, and (3) $89.7 million from Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities.
During 2016, cash provided by operating activities was positively impacted by our net earnings, a net decrease in loans held-for-sale primarily related to RMF due to the timing of the securitizations and an increase in accounts payable and other liabilities, partially offset by a smaller increase in inventories than in 2015 due to our soft-pivot strategy, and an increase in receivables and other assets. For the year ended November 30, 2016, distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities were $102.0 million, which included (1) $86.3 million from Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities, (2) $14.0 million from Rialto unconsolidated entities, and (3) $1.7 million from Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities.
Investing Cash Flow Activities
During 2015,2018, 2017 and 2016, cash used in operatinginvesting activities totaled $608.1 million, $869.8 million and $85.8 million, respectively. During 2018, our cash used in investing activities was impacted by an increase in inventoriesprimarily due to strategic land purchasesour $1.1 billion acquisition of CalAtlantic, net of cash acquired, net additions to operating properties and land development costs, an increaseequipment of $213.5$130.4 million inand cash contributions of $405.5 million to unconsolidated entities, which included (1) $230.9 million to Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, (2) $113.0 million to Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities primarily for working capital and (3) $61.7 million to Rialto loans held-for-sale related to RMF and an increase of $105.2 million in Lennar Financial Services loans held-for-sale,unconsolidated entities. This was partially offset by the receipt of $340 million from the sale of our net earningsRialto investment and asset management platform to investment funds managed by Stone Point Capital, $225.3 million of proceeds from the sale of investments in unconsolidated entities, including $200 million of proceeds from the sale of an increase80% interest in accounts payableone of our strategic joint ventures, Treasure Island Holdings, proceeds from maturities/sales of investment securities of $85.2 million, and other liabilities. For the year ended November 30, 2015, distributions of earningscapital from unconsolidated entities wereof $362.5 million, which primarily included (1) $26.3$172.0 million from Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities, (2) $141.0 million from Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, (2) $21.1 million from Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities, and (3) $13.3$49.3 million from Rialto unconsolidated entities.
Investing Cash Flow Activities
During 2017, 2016 and 2015, cash used in investing activities totaled $869.8 million, $85.8 million and $98.4 million, respectively. During 2017, our cash used in investing activities was primarily due to our $611.1 million acquisition of WCI, net of cash acquired. In addition, we had cash contributions to unconsolidated entities of $430.3 million, which included (1) $261.9 million to Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities primarily for working capital and paydowns of joint venture debt,

including $120.7 million to Five Point,FivePoint, (2) $119.7 million to Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities primarily for working capital and (3) $48.7 million to Rialto unconsolidated entities comprised primarily of $32.9 million contributed to Rialto Real Estate Fund III, ("Fund III"), $8.8 million contributed to the Rialto Credit Partnership, LP ("RCP")RCP and $7.0 million contributed to other investments. In addition, cash used in investing activities was impacted by purchases of CMBS bonds by our Rialto segment. This was partially offset by the receipt of $165.4 million of principal payments on loans receivable and other, $86.6 million of proceeds from the sales of REO and distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities of $207.3 million, which primarily included (1) $83.0 million from Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities, of which $26.8 million was distributed by the Venture Fund, (2) $80.9 million from Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, and (3) $41.6 million from Rialto unconsolidated entities comprised primarily of $21.2 million distributed by Rialto Real Estate Fund II, LP (" Fund II"), $5.4 million distributed by Fund III, $7.0 million distributed by the Rialto Mezzanine Partners Fund, LP ("Mezzanine Fund"), and $5.4 million distributed by the CMBS Funds.
During 2016, our cash used in investing activities was primarily impacted by cash contributions to unconsolidated entities of (1) $198.2 million to Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities primarily related to contributions to the Venture Fund, (2) $184.2 million to Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities primarily for working capital, (3) $43.4 million to Rialto unconsolidated entities comprised of $28.8 million contributed to the CMBS Funds, $7.2 million contributed to Fund III, $5.7 million contributed to RCP and $1.7 million contributed to other investments. In addition, cash used in investing activities was

impacted by purchases of CMBS by our Rialto segment and origination of loans receivable primarily related to floating rate loans originated by RMF. This was partially offset by distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities of (1) $251.2 million from Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities, of which $193.7 million was distributed by the Venture Fund, (2) $44.6 million from Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, and (3) $27.4 million from Rialto unconsolidated entities comprised of $12.8 million distributed by Fund II, $11.7 million distributed by the Mezzanine Fund and $2.9 million distributed by the CMBS Funds; by the receipt of $97.9 million of proceeds from the sales of REO; and receipt of $84.4 million of principal payments on loans receivable and settlement of accrual loans.
During 2015, our cash used in investing activities was primarily impacted by cash contributions to unconsolidated entities of (1) $210.7 million to Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities primarily for working capital, (2) $63.0 million to Rialto unconsolidated entities comprised of $41.7 million contributed to Fund II, $13.3 million contributed to the Mezzanine Fund and $8.0 million contributed to the CMBS Funds, and (3) $41.3 million to Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities primarily for working capital. In addition, cash used in investing activities was impacted by purchases of investment securities and loans held-for-investments. This was partially offset by the receipt of $73.7 million of proceeds from the sale of a Lennar Homebuilding operating property, $155.3 million of proceeds from the sale of REO and by distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities of (1) $118.0 million from Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, (2) $78.1 million from Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities, of which $55.3 million was distributed by the Venture, and (3) $22.9 million from Rialto unconsolidated entities comprised of $16.9 million distributed by Fund II, $3.4 million distributed by the Mezzanine Fund and $2.6 million distributed by the CMBS Funds.
Financing Cash Flow Activities
During 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015,2016, our cash (used in) provided by (used in) financing activities totaled ($2.2) billion, $1.2 billion and ($250.9) million, respectively. During 2018, our cash used in financing activities was primarily impacted by (1) $575 million aggregate principal redemption of our 8.375% senior notes due 2018 (the "8.375% Senior Notes"), (2) $454.7 million net repayments under our revolving Credit Facility, (3) $359.0 million of aggregate principal payment on Rialto's 7.00% senior notes due December 2018 and $394.7other notes payable, (4) payment at maturity of $275 million respectively. aggregate principal amount of 4.125% senior notes due 2018 (the "4.125% Senior Notes"), (5) $250 million aggregate principal redemption of our 6.95% senior notes due 2018 (the "6.95% Senior Notes"), (6) $138.5 million principal payments on other borrowings, and (7) $89.6 million of payments related to noncontrolling interests. This was partially offset by $272.9 million of net borrowings under our Lennar Financial Services and Rialto warehouse facilities.
During 2017, our cash provided by financing activities was primarily attributed to the receipt of proceeds related to the (1) issuance of $600 million aggregate principal amount of 4.125% senior notes due 2022, (the "4.125% Senior Notes"), (2) issuance of $650 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50% senior notes due 2024, (the "4.50% Senior Notes"), (3) issuance of $300 million aggregate principal amount of 2.95% senior notes due 2020 (the "2.95% Senior Notes"), (4) issuance of $900 million aggregate principal amount of 4.750% senior notes due 2027 (the "4.750% Senior Notes"), (5) $31.2 million of proceeds from other borrowings, (6) $99.6 million of proceeds from the issuance of Rialto notes payable and (7) $195.5 million of proceeds from other liabilities. This was partially offset by (1) the retirement of $400 million aggregate principal amount of our 12.25% senior notes due 2017, (the "12.25% Senior Notes"), (2) the redemption of $400 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.75% senior notes due 2017, (the "4.75% Senior Notes"), (3) the redemption of $250 million principal amount of our 6.875% senior notes due 2021 that had been issued by WCI, (4) $199.7 million of net repayments under our warehouse facilities, which was comprised of $139.8 million of net repayments under our Lennar Financial Services warehouse repurchase facilities and $59.9 million of net repayments under our Rialto warehouse facilities, (5) $74.4 million of payments related to noncontrolling interests, and (5) $139.7 million of principal payments on other borrowings. The proceeds from the issuance of the 2.95% Senior Notes and the 4.750% Senior Notes will bewere used primarily to pay the cash portion of the consideration related to the merger with CalAtlantic.
During 2016, our cash used in financing activities was primarily impacted by (1) the redemption of $250 million aggregate principal amount of our 6.50% senior notes due April 2016, (the "6.50% Senior Notes"), (2) $234.0 million of cash payments in connection with exchanges or conversions of our 2.75% convertible senior notes due December 2020, (the "2.75% Convertible Senior Notes"), (3) $211.0 million of principal payments on other borrowings, (4) $111.3 million of net repayments under our Rialto's warehouse repurchase facilities, and (5) $127.4 million of payments related to noncontrolling interests. The cash used in financing activities was partially offset by the receipt of proceeds of the sale of $500 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.750% senior notes due 2021 and $218.8 million of net borrowings under our Lennar Financial Services' warehouse repurchase facilities.
During 2015, our cash provided by financing activities was primarily attributed to the receipt of proceeds related to the sale of (1) $400 million aggregate principal amount of 4.875% senior notes due 2023, (2) an additional $250 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.50% senior notes due November 2019, and (3) $500 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.750% senior notes due 2025; proceeds of $101.6 million from other borrowings; and net borrowings of $366.3 million under our Lennar Financial Services' and Rialto's warehouse repurchase facilities. The cash provided by financing activities was partially offset by the redemption of $500 million principal amount of our 5.60% senior notes due 2015, exchanges and conversions of $212.1 million principal amount of our 2.75% Convertible Senior Notes, principal payments of $258.1 million on other borrowings, and payments of $133.4 million related to noncontrolling interests.

Debt to total capital ratios are financial measures commonly used in the homebuilding industry and are presented to assist in understanding the leverage of our Lennar Homebuilding operations. Lennar Homebuilding debt to total capital and net Lennar Homebuilding debt to total capital were calculated as follows:
November 30,November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2017 20162018 2017
Lennar Homebuilding debt$6,410,003
 4,575,977
$8,543,868
 6,410,003
Stockholders’ equity7,872,317
 7,026,042
14,581,535
 7,872,317
Total capital$14,282,320
 11,602,019
$23,125,403
 14,282,320
Lennar Homebuilding debt to total capital44.9% 39.4%36.9% 44.9%
Lennar Homebuilding debt$6,410,003
 4,575,977
$8,543,868
 6,410,003
Less: Lennar Homebuilding cash and cash equivalents2,282,925
 1,050,138
1,337,807
 2,282,925
Net Lennar Homebuilding debt$4,127,078
 3,525,839
$7,206,061
 4,127,078
Lennar Homebuilding net debt to total capital (1)34.4% 33.4%33.1% 34.4%
(1)Lennar Homebuilding net debt to total capital is a non-GAAP financial measure defined as net Lennar Homebuilding debt (Lennar Homebuilding debt less Lennar Homebuilding cash and cash equivalents) divided by total capital (net Lennar Homebuilding debt plus stockholders' equity). We believe the ratio of net Lennar Homebuilding debt to total capital is a relevant and a useful financial measure to investors in understanding the leverage employed in our Lennar Homebuilding operations. However, because net Lennar Homebuilding debt to total capital is not calculated in accordance with GAAP, this financial measure should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to financial measures prescribed by GAAP. Rather, this non-GAAP financial measure should be used to supplement our GAAP results.
At November 30, 2017,2018, Lennar Homebuilding debt to total capital was higherlower compared to the prior year period, primarily as a result of an increase in stockholders' equity primarily related to the issuance of shares in connection with the CalAtlantic acquisition and net earnings, partially offset by an increase in homebuilding debt primarily related to an increase in Lennar Homebuilding debt due to the issuance of senior notes in order to fund the cash portion of the CalAtlantic merger as noted below. This was partially offset by an increase in stockholders' equity primarily related to our net earnings.acquisition.
We are continually exploring various types of transactions to manage our leverage and liquidity positions, take advantage of market opportunities and increase our revenues and earnings. These transactions may include the issuance of additional indebtedness, the repurchase of our outstanding indebtedness for cash or equity, the repurchase of our common stock, the acquisition of homebuilders and other companies, the purchase or sale of assets or lines of business, the issuance of common stock or securities convertible into shares of common stock, the buyback of shares of common stock, and/or pursuing other financing alternatives. In connection with some of our more recently formednon-homebuilding businesses, such as Rialto and Lennar Multifamily, we mayare also considerconsidering other types of transactions such as restructurings,sales, restructuring, joint ventures, spin-offs or initial public offerings as we intend to move back totowards being a pure play homebuilding company over time. If any of these transactions are implemented, they could materially impact the amount and composition of our indebtedness outstanding, increase or decrease our interest expense, dilute our existing stockholders and/or affect the net book value of our assets. AtOn November 30, 2017,2018, we had a merger agreement with CalAtlantic discussed below that includedsold the cash consideration portion that caused usRialto Management Group. However, we retained the right to issue the 2.95% Senior Notes and 4.750% Senior Notes as noted in the financing cash flow activities above.
On October 29, 2017, Lennar and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lennar (“Merger Sub”) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with CalAtlantic, a Homebuilding company. Subject to the terms and conditionsreceive carried interest distributions from some of the Merger Agreement, CalAtlantic will be merged with and into Merger Sub, with Merger Sub continuing as the surviving corporation (the “Merger”). CalAtlantic builds well-crafted homes in thoughtfully designed communities that meet the desires of customers across the homebuilding spectrum, from entry level to luxury, in over 43 metropolitan statistical areas spanning 19 states. CalAtlantic also provides mortgage, title and escrow services.
Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, CalAtlantic’s stockholders will receive 0.885 shares of our Class A common stock for each share of CalAtlantic’s common stock. CalAtlantic’s stockholders will also have the option to exchange all or a portion of their shares of common stock for cash in an amount of $48.26 per share (the "Cash Election Option") in lieu of receiving our Class A common stock, subject to a maximum cash amount of $1.16 billion. The Cash Election Option will be subject to proration to the extent they exceed the maximum cash amount. A major stockholder of CalAtlantic has agreed that it will be deemed to elect to exercise the Cash Election Option to the extent actual exercises are less than the maximum amount. Therefore, we will pay the maximum amount in cash regardless of how many CalAtlantic stockholders exercise the Cash Election Option. No fractional shares of our Class A common stock will be issued in the Merger. Any holder of CalAtlantic’s common stock who would be entitled to receive a fraction of a share of our Class A common stock will instead receive cash equal to the market value of a share of such Class A common stock (based on the last sale price reported on the New York Stock Exchange on the last trading day before the closing date). On a pro forma basis, CalAtlantic stockholders are expected to own

approximately 26% of the combined company. The transaction, which must be approved by both CalAtlantic and our stockholders, is expected to close on or shortly after February 12, 2018.
The transaction will make us the largest homebuilder in the United States in terms of revenues. We expect that the transaction will result in significant savings in the cost of producing homes and reductions of general and administrative costs as a percentage of total revenues. When our Board of Directors was considering the transaction, our management estimated that we expected to achieve cost savingsfunds and other synergy benefits from the transaction of approximately $100investment vehicles. We also retained limited partner investments in Rialto funds and investment vehicles that totaled $297.4 million at November 30, 2018, and are committed to invest as much as an additional $71.6 million in fiscal year 2018 and $365 million per year after that.Rialto funds.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, CalAtlantic had an average of 565 selling communities, had delivered 14,602 homes at an average sales price of $450,000 and had net new orders of 15,205 homes at an average sales price of $459,000. At December 31, 2017, CalAtlantic had a backlog of 6,420 home sale contracts with a total backlog dollar value of $3.2 billion.
The following table summarizes our Lennar Homebuilding senior notes and other debts payable:
November 30,November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2017 20162018 2017
6.95% senior notes due 2018$249,342
 248,474
4.125% senior notes due December 2018274,459
 273,889
0.25% convertible senior notes due 2019$1,291
 
4.500% senior notes due 2019498,793
 498,002
499,585
 498,793
4.50% senior notes due 2019598,325
 597,474
599,176
 598,325
6.625% senior notes due 2020 (1)311,735
 
2.95% senior notes due 2020298,305
 
298,838
 298,305
8.375% senior notes due 2021 (1)435,897
 
4.750% senior notes due 2021497,329
 496,547
498,111
 497,329
6.25% senior notes due December 2021 (1)315,283
 
4.125% senior notes due 2022595,904
 
596,894
 595,904
5.375% senior notes due 2022 (1)261,055
 
4.750% senior notes due 2022569,484
 568,404
570,564
 569,484
4.875% senior notes due December 2023394,964
 394,170
395,759
 394,964
4.500% senior notes due 2024645,353
 
646,078
 645,353
5.875% senior notes due 2024 (1)452,833
 
4.750% senior notes due 2025496,671
 496,226
497,114
 496,671
5.25% senior notes due 2026 (1)409,133
 
5.00% senior notes due 2027 (1)353,275
 
4.75% senior notes due 2027892,657
 
892,297
 892,657
4.75% senior notes due December 2017
 398,479
12.25% senior notes due 2017
 398,232
Mortgages notes on land and other debt398,417
 206,080
4.125% senior notes due December 2018
 274,459
6.95% senior notes due 2018
 249,342
Mortgage notes on land and other debt508,950
 398,417
$6,410,003
 4,575,977
$8,543,868
 6,410,003
(1)These notes were obligations of CalAtlantic when it was acquired, and were subsequently exchanged in part for notes of Lennar Corporation as follows: $267.7 million principal amount of 6.625% senior notes due 2020, $397.6 million principal amount of 8.375% senior notes due 2021, $292.0 million principal amount of 6.25% senior notes due 2021, $240.8 million principal amount of 5.375% senior notes due 2022, $421.4 million principal amount of 5.875% senior notes due 2024, $395.5 million principal amount of 5.25% senior notes due 2026 and $347.3 million principal amount of 5.00% senior notes due 2027. As part of purchase accounting, the senior notes have been recorded at their fair value as of the date of acquisition (February 12, 2018).
The carrying amounts of the senior notes listed above are net of debt issuance costs of $33.5$31.2 million and $22.1$33.5 million, as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.
Our Lennar Homebuilding average debt outstanding was $9.1 billion with an average rate for interest incurred of 4.8% for the year ended November 30, 2018, compared to $5.7 billion with an average rate for interest incurred of 4.8% for the year ended November 30, 2017, compared to $5.1 billion with an average rate for interest incurred of 5.1% for the year ended November 30, 2016.2017. Interest incurred related to Lennar Homebuilding debt for the year ended November 30, 20172018 was $290.3$423.7 million, compared to $281.4$290.3 million in 2016.2017. The majority of our short-term financing needs, including financings for land acquisition and development activities and general operating needs, are met with cash generated from operations, proceeds from debt as well as borrowings under our Credit Facility.

The terms of each of our senior notes outstanding at November 30, 20172018 were as follows:
Senior Notes Outstanding (1) Principal Amount Net Proceeds (2) Price Dates Issued Principal Amount Net Proceeds (2) Price Dates Issued
(Dollars in thousands)              
6.95% senior notes due 2018 $250,000
 243,900
 98.929% May 2010
4.125% senior notes due December 2018 275,000
 271,718
 99.998% February 2013
0.25% convertible senior notes due 2019 $1,300
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.500% senior notes due 2019 500,000
 495,725
 (3)
 February 2014 500,000
 495,725
 (4)
 February 2014
4.50% senior notes due 2019 600,000
 595,801
 (4)
 November 2014, February 2015 600,000
 595,801
 (5)
 November 2014, February 2015
6.625% senior notes due 2020 300,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
2.95% senior notes due 2020 300,000
 298,800
 100% November 2017 300,000
 298,800
 100% November 2017
8.375% senior notes due 2021 400,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.750% senior notes due 2021 500,000
 495,974
 100% March 2016 500,000
 495,974
 100% March 2016
6.25% senior notes due December 2021 300,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.125% senior notes due 2022 600,000
 595,160
 100% January 2017 600,000
 595,160
 100% January 2017
5.375% senior notes due 2022 250,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.750% senior notes due 2022 575,000
 567,585
 (5)
 October 2012, February 2013, April 2013 575,000
 567,585
 (6)
 October 2012, February 2013, April 2013
4.875% senior notes due December 2023 400,000
 393,622
 99.169% November 2015 400,000
 393,622
 99.169% November 2015
4.500% senior notes due 2024 650,000
 644,838
 100% April 2017 650,000
 644,838
 100% April 2017
5.875% senior notes due 2024 425,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.750% senior notes due 2025 500,000
 495,528
 100% April 2015 500,000
 495,528
 100% April 2015
5.25% senior notes due 2026 400,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
5.00% senior notes due 2027 350,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.75% senior notes due 2027 900,000
 894,650
 100% November 2017 900,000
 894,650
 100% November 2017
(1)Interest is payable semi-annually for each of the series of senior notes. The senior notes are unsecured and unsubordinated, but are guaranteed by substantially all of the our 100% owned homebuilding subsidiaries.
(2)We generally usesuse the net proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes, which can include the repayment or repurchase of other outstanding senior notes, except the proceeds from issuance of our 2.95% senior notes due 2020 and our 4.750% senior notes due 2027 will be used primarily for the Cash Election Option in connection with the merger of CalAtlantic.notes.
(3)These notes were obligations of CalAtlantic when it was acquired, and were subsequently exchanged in part for notes of Lennar Corporation. As part of purchase accounting, the senior notes have been recorded at their fair value as of the date of acquisition (February 12, 2018).
(4)We issued $400 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 100% and $100 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 100.5%.
(4)(5)We issued $350 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 100% and $250 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 100.25%.
(5)(6)We issued $350 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 100%, $175 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 98.073% and $50 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 98.250%.
During the second quarter of 2018, holders of $6.7 million principal amount of CalAtlantic’s 1.625% convertible senior notes due 2018 and $266.2 million principal amount of CalAtlantic’s 0.25% convertible senior notes due 2019 either caused us to purchase them for cash or converted them into a combination of our Class A and Class B common stock and cash, resulting in our issuing approximately 3,654,000 shares of Class A common stock and 72,000 shares of Class B common stock, and paying $59.1 million in cash to former noteholders. All but $1.3 million of the principal balance of the convertible senior notes had either been converted or redeemed.
In November 2017,2018, we redeemed the $400$275 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.75%the 4.125% Senior Notes due 2017.Notes. The redemption price, which was paid in cash, was 100% of the principal amount plus accrued but unpaid interest.
In November 2017,June 2018, we issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of 2.95% Senior Notes and $900 million aggregate principal amount of 4.750% Senior Notes at a price of 100% in a private placement. Proceeds from the offering, after payment of initial purchaser’s discount and certain expenses, were $1.19 billion. We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering to fund the portion of cash consideration payable by us in connection with the Merger, to pay expenses related to the Merger and for general corporate purposes. Interest on the 2.95% Senior Notes and 4.750% Senior Notes is due semi-annually beginning May 29, 2018.
In August 2017, we redeemed the $250 million aggregate principal amount of the 6.875% senior notes due 2021 that we assumed as a result of our WCI acquisition in February 2017.6.95% Senior Notes. The redemption price, which was paid in cash, was 103.438%100% of the principal amount plus accrued but unpaid interest up to, but not including, the redemption date. There was no gain or loss recorded on redemption as it had been recorded at fair value on the acquisition date.interest.
In March 2017,May 2018, we retired our 12.25% Senior Notes for 100% of the $400redeemed $575 million aggregate principal amount of the 8.375% Senior Notes. The redemption price, which was paid in cash, was 100% of the principal amount plus accrued andbut unpaid interest. The 8.375% Senior Notes with $575 million of principal amount were obligations of CalAtlantic when it was acquired and $485.6 million principal amount was subsequently exchanged in part for notes of Lennar Corporation.
Currently, substantially all of our 100% owned homebuilding subsidiaries are guaranteeing all our senior notes (the "Guaranteed Notes"). The guarantees are full and unconditional. The principal reason our 100% owned homebuilding

subsidiaries are guaranteeing the Guaranteed Notes is so holders of the Guaranteed Notes will have rights at least as great with regard to those subsidiaries as any other holders of a material amount of our unsecured debt. Therefore, the guarantees of the Guaranteed Notes will remain in effect with regard to a guarantor subsidiary only while it guarantees a material amount of the debt of Lennar Corporation, as a separate entity, to others. At any time when a guarantor subsidiary is no longer guaranteeing at least $75 million of Lennar Corporation’s debt other than the Guaranteed Notes, either directly or by guaranteeing other subsidiaries’ obligations as guarantors of Lennar Corporation’s debt, the guarantor subsidiary’s guarantee of the Guaranteed Notes will be suspended. Therefore, if the guarantor subsidiaries cease guaranteeing Lennar Corporation’s obligations under our Credit Facility and our letter of credit facilities and are not guarantors of any new debt, the guarantor subsidiaries’ guarantees of the Guaranteed Notes will be suspended until such time, if any, as they again are guaranteeing at least $75 million of Lennar Corporation’s debt other than the Guaranteed Notes.

If our guarantor subsidiaries are guaranteeing revolving credit lines totaling at least $75 million, we will treat the guarantees of the Guaranteed Notes as remaining in effect even during periods when Lennar Corporation’s borrowings under the revolving credit lines are less than $75 million. A subsidiary will be released from its guarantee and any other obligations it may have regarding the senior notes if all or substantially all its assets, or all of its capital stock, are sold or otherwise disposed of.
In May 2017,February 2018, we amended the credit agreement governing our Credit Facility to increase the maximum borrowings from $1.8$2.0 billion to $2.0$2.6 billion and extended the maturity on $1.4$2.2 billion of the Credit Facility from June 20202022 to June 2022,April 2023, with another $160$70 million maturingthat matured in June 2018 and the remaining $50 million maturing in June 2020. As of November 30, 2017,2018, the Credit Facility included a $403$315 million accordion feature, subject to additional commitments. The proceeds available under ourthe Credit Facility, which are subject to specified conditions for borrowing, may be used for working capital and general corporate purposes. The credit agreement also provides that up to $500 million in commitments may be used for letters of credit. As of both November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, we had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility. We may from time to time, borrow and repay amounts under our Credit Facility. Consequently, the amount outstanding underUnder the Credit Facility agreement, we are required to maintain a minimum consolidated tangible net worth, a maximum leverage ratio and either a liquidity or an interest coverage ratio. These ratios are calculated per the Credit Facility agreement, which involves adjustments to GAAP financial measures. We believe we are in compliance with our debt covenants at the end of a period may not be reflective of the total amounts outstanding during the period.November 30, 2018. In addition, we had $330$285 million in letter of credit facilities with different financial institutions at November 30, 2017.2018.
Under the amended Credit Agreement executed in May 2017,February 2018 (the " Credit Agreement"), as of the end of each fiscal quarter, we are required to maintain minimum consolidated tangible net worth of approximately $4.2$6.0 billion plus the sum of 50% of the cumulative consolidated net income fromfor each completed fiscal quarter subsequent to February 28, 2017,2018, if positive, and 50% of the net cash proceeds from any equity offerings from and after February 28, 2017,2018, minus the lesser of 50% of the amount paid after May 18, 2017February 12, 2018 to repurchase common stock and $100 million. We are required to maintain a leverage ratio that shall not exceed 65% and may be reduced by 2.5% per quarter if our interest coverage ratio is less than 2.25:1.00 for two consecutive fiscal calendar quarters. The leverage ratio will have a floor of 60%. If our interest coverage ratio subsequently exceeds 2.25:1.00 for two consecutive fiscal calendar quarters, the leverage ratio we will be required to maintain will be increased by 2.5% per quarter to a maximum of 65%. As of the end of each fiscal quarter, we are also required to maintain either (1) liquidity in an amount equal to or greater than 1.00x consolidated interest incurred for the last twelve months then ended or (2) an interest coverage ratio equal to or greater than 1.50:1.00 for the last twelve months then ended. We believe that we were in compliance with our debt covenants at November 30, 20172018.
The following summarizes our required debt covenants and our actual levels or ratios with respect to those covenants as calculated per the Credit Agreement as of November 30, 2017:2018:
(Dollars in thousands)Covenant Level Level Achieved as of November 30, 2017Covenant Level Level Achieved as of November 30, 2018
Minimum net worth test$4,498,214
 6,476,907
$6,539,138
 9,392,336
Maximum leverage ratio65.0% 32.8%65.0% 40.1%
Liquidity test (1)1.00
 8.13
1.00
 3.30
(1)We are only required to maintain either (1) liquidity in an amount equal to or greater than 1.00x consolidated interest incurred for the last twelve months then ended or (2) an interest coverage ratio of equal to or greater than 1.50:1.00 for the last twelve months then ended. Although we are in compliance with our debt covenants for both calculations, we have only disclosed our liquidity test.
The terms minimum net worth test, maximum leverage ratio, liquidity test and interest coverage ratio used in the Credit Agreement are specifically calculated per the Credit Agreement and differ in specified ways from comparable GAAP or common usage terms.
Our performance letters of credit outstanding were $384.4$598.4 million and $270.8$384.4 million at November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. Our financial letters of credit outstanding were $127.4$165.4 million and $210.3$127.4 million at November 30, 2018 and

2017, and 2016, respectively. Performance letters of credit are generally posted with regulatory bodies to guarantee the performance of certain development and construction activities. Financial letters of credit are generally posted in lieu of cash deposits on option contracts, for insurance risks, credit enhancements and as other collateral. Additionally, at November 30, 2017,2018, we had outstanding surety bonds of $1.3$2.7 billion including performance surety bonds related to site improvements at various projects (including certain projects of our joint ventures) and financial surety bonds.

At November 30, 2017, our2018, the Lennar Financial Services segment warehouse facilities were as follows:
(In thousands)Maximum Aggregate Commitment
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2017 (1) (2)$400,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures March 2018 (3)150,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures June 2018600,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures September 2018300,000
Total$1,450,000
(In thousands)Maximum Aggregate Commitment
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2018 (1)$400,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures March 2019 (2)300,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures June 2019700,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures October 2019 (3)500,000
Total$1,900,000
(1)Subsequent to November 30, 2018, the maturity date was extended to February 2019. Maximum aggregate commitment includes an uncommitted amount of $250 million.
(2)Subsequent to November 30, 2017, the warehouse repurchase facility maturity was extended to December 2018.Maximum aggregate commitment includes an uncommitted amount of $300 million.
(3)Maximum aggregate commitment includes an uncommitted amount of $75$400 million.
Our Lennar Financial Services segment uses these facilities to finance its lending activities until the mortgage loans are sold to investors and the proceeds are collected. The facilities are non-recourse to us and are expected to be renewed or replaced with other facilities when they mature. Borrowings under the facilities and their prior year predecessors were $1.3 billion and $937.2 million, and $1.1 billion, at November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, and were collateralized by mortgage loans and receivables on loans sold to investors but not yet paid for with outstanding principal balances of $1.3 billion and $974.1 million, and $1.1 billion, at November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. The combined effective interest rate on the facilities at November 30, 20172018 was 3.6%4.5%. If the facilities are not renewed or replaced, the borrowings under the lines of credit will be paid off by selling the mortgage loans held-for-sale to investors and by collecting on receivables on loans sold but not yet paid. Without the facilities, the Lennar Financial Services segment would have to use cash from operations and other funding sources to finance its lending activities.
At November 30, 2017, our Rialto2018, RMF warehouse facilities were as follows:
(In thousands)Maximum Aggregate Commitment
Warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2017 (1)$200,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures January 2018 (2)250,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures October 2018400,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures November 2018 (one year extension)200,000
Total - Loans origination and securitization business (RMF)$1,050,000
Warehouse repurchase facility that matures August 2018 (two - one year extensions) (3)100,000
Totals$1,150,000
(In thousands)Maximum Aggregate Commitment
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures November 2019$200,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2019200,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2019
250,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2019200,000
Total - Loans origination and securitization business$850,000
Warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2019 (two - one year extensions) (1)50,000
Total$900,000
(1)Subsequent to November 30, 2017, the warehouse repurchase facility maturity date was extended to December 2019.
(2)Subsequent to November 30, 2017, the warehouse repurchase facility maturity date was extended to December 2018 and the maximum aggregate commitment of the facility was reduced to $200 million.
(3)Rialto uses this warehouse repurchase facility to finance the origination of floating rate accrual loans, which are reported as accrual loans within loans receivable, net. There were no borrowings under this facility as of both November 30, 2018 and 2017. Borrowings under this facility were $43.3 million as of November 30, 2016.
Borrowings under the facilities that finance RMF's loan originations and securitization activities were $162.1$178.8 million and $180.2$162.1 million as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, and were secured by a 75% interest in the originated commercial loans financed. The facilities require immediate repayment of the 75% interest in the secured commercial loans when the loans are sold in a securitization and the proceeds are collected. These warehouse repurchase facilities are non-recourse to us and are expected to be renewed or replaced with other facilities when they mature.
In March 2018, Rialto paid off the remaining principal balance of its 7.00% senior notes due December 2018 (the "7.00% Senior Notes"). As of November 30, 2017, and 2016, the carrying amount, net of debt issuance costs, of Rialto'sthe 7.00% Senior Notes was $349.4 million and $348.7 million, respectively. Under the indenture, Rialto is subject to certain covenants limiting, among other things, Rialto’s ability to incur indebtedness, to make investments, to make distributions to, or enter into transactions with Lennar or to create liens, subject to certain exceptions and qualifications. Rialto also has quarterly and annual reporting requirements, similar to an SEC registrant, to holders of the 7.00% Senior Notes. We believe Rialto was in compliance with its debt covenants at November 30, 2017.million.
Changes in Capital Structure
We havehad a stock repurchase program adopted in 2001, which originally authorized us to purchase up to 20 million shares of our outstanding common stock. During the year ended November 30, 2018, under our stock repurchase program, we repurchased 6.0 million shares of Class A common stock for $249.9 million at an average share price of $41.63. During the

years ended November 30, 2017 2016 and 2015,2016, there were no share repurchases of common stock under the stock repurchase program. As of
Subsequent to November 30, 2017,2018, our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to the remaining authorized shares that can be purchased under the stock repurchase program were 6.2lesser of $1 billion in value, or 25 million in shares, of our outstanding Class A or Class B common stock.

The repurchase authorization has no expiration date.
During the years ended November 30, 2018, treasury stock increased by 7.0 million shares of Class A common stock due primarily to 6.0 million shares of common stock repurchased during the year through our stock repurchase program. During the year ended November 30, 2017, and 2016, treasury stock increased by 0.6 million shares and 0.1 million shares of Class A common stock respectively, primarily due to activity related to our equity compensation plan.
During the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015,2016, our Class A and Class B common stockholders received aan aggregate per share annual dividend of $0.16.
On November 27, 2017, we paid a stock dividend of one share of Class B common stock for each 50 shares of Class A common stock or Class B common stock to holders of record at the close of business on November 10, 2017, as declared by our Board of Directors on October 30, 2017.
Based on our current financial condition and credit relationships, we believe that our operations and borrowing resources will provide for our current and long-term capital requirements at our anticipated levels of activity.


Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Lennar Homebuilding - Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
At November 30, 20172018, we had equity investments in 3859 homebuilding and land unconsolidated entities (of which 35 had recourse debt, 10 had non-recourse debt and 2544 had no debt), compared to 38 homebuilding and land unconsolidated entities at November 30, 2016.2017. At November 30, 2018, the 59 unconsolidated joint ventures includes 20 unconsolidated entities in which CalAtlantic or a subsidiary is the participant. Historically, we have invested in unconsolidated entities that acquired and developed land (1) for our homebuilding operations or for sale to third parties or (2) for the construction of homes for sale to third-party homebuyers. Additionally in recent years, we have invested in technology companies that are looking to improve the homebuilding and financial services industry in order to better serve our customers and increase efficiencies. Through these entities, we have primarily sought to reduce and share our risk by limiting the amount of our capital invested in land, while obtaining access to potential future homesites and allowing us to participate in strategic ventures. The use of these entities also, in some instances, has enabled us to acquire land which we could not otherwise obtain access, or could not obtain access on as favorable terms, without the participation of a strategic partner. Participants in these joint ventures have been land owners/developers, other homebuilders and financial or strategic partners. Joint ventures with land owners/developers have given us access to homesites owned or controlled by our partners. Joint ventures with other homebuilders have provided us with the ability to bid jointly with our partners for large land parcels. Joint ventures with financial partners have allowed us to combine our homebuilding expertise with access to our partners’ capital. Joint ventures with strategic partners have allowed us to combine our homebuilding expertise with the specific expertise (e.g. commercial or infill experience) of our partner. Each joint venture is governed by an executive committee consisting of members from the partners.
Although the strategic purposes of our joint ventures and the nature of our joint ventures' partners vary, the joint ventures are generally designed to acquire, develop and/or sell specific assets during a limited life-time. The joint ventures are typically structured through non-corporate entities in which control is shared with our venture partners. Each joint venture is unique in terms of its funding requirements and liquidity needs. We and the other joint venture participants typically make pro-rata cash contributions to the joint venture. In many cases, our risk is limited to our equity contribution and potential future capital contributions. Additionally, most joint ventures obtain third-party debt to fund a portion of the acquisition, development and construction costs of their communities. The joint venture agreements usually permit, but do not require, the joint ventures to make additional capital calls in the future. However, capital calls relating to the repayment of joint venture debt under payment guarantees generally is required.
Under the terms of our joint venture agreements, we generally have the right to share in earnings and distributions of the entities on a pro-rata basis based on our ownership percentage. Some joint venture agreements provide for a different allocation of profit and cash distributions if and when the cumulative results of the joint venture exceed specified targets (such as a specified internal rate of return). Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities excludes our pro-rata share of joint ventures’ earnings resulting from land sales to our homebuilding divisions. Instead, we account for those earnings as a reduction of our costs of purchasing the land from the joint ventures or reduce the investment in certain cost sharing unconsolidated entities. This in effect defers recognition of our share of the joint ventures’ earnings related to these sales until we deliver a home and title passes to a third-party homebuyer.

In many instances, we are designated as the manager of a venture under the direction of a management committee that has shared power among the partners of the unconsolidated entity and we receive fees for such services. In addition, we often enter into option or purchase contracts to acquire properties from our joint ventures, generally for market prices at specified dates in the future. Option contracts, in some instances, require us to make deposits using cash or irrevocable letters of credit toward the exercise price. These option deposits are generally negotiated on a case by case basis.
We regularly monitor the results of our unconsolidated joint ventures and any trends that may affect their future liquidity or results of operations. Joint ventures in which we have investments may be subject to a variety of financial and non-financial debt covenants related primarily to equity maintenance, fair value of collateral and minimum homesite takedown or sale requirements. We monitor the performance of joint ventures in which we have investments on a regular basis to assess compliance with debt covenants. For those joint ventures not in compliance with the debt covenants, we evaluate and assess possible impairment of our investment.

Our arrangements with joint ventures generally do not restrict our activities or those of the other participants. However, in certain instances, we agree not to engage in some types of activities that may be viewed as competitive with the activities of these ventures in the localities where the joint ventures do business.
As discussed above, the joint ventures in which we invest generally supplement equity contributions with third-party debt to finance their activities. In some instances, the debt financing is non-recourse, thus neither we nor the other equity partners are a party to the debt instruments. In other cases, we and the other partners agree to provide credit support in the form of repayment or maintenance guarantees.
Material contractual obligations of our unconsolidated joint ventures primarily relate to the debt obligations described above. The joint ventures generally do not enter into lease commitments because the entities are managed either by us, or another of the joint venture participants, who supply the necessary facilities and employee services in exchange for market-based management fees. However, they do enter into management contracts with the participants who manage them. Some joint ventures also enter into agreements with developers, which may be us or other joint venture participants, to develop raw land into finished homesites or to build homes.
The joint ventures often enter into option or purchase agreements with buyers, which may include us or other joint venture participants, to deliver homesites or parcels in the future at market prices. Option deposits are recorded by the joint ventures as liabilities until the exercise dates at which time the deposit and remaining exercise proceeds are recorded as revenue. Any forfeited deposit is recognized as revenue at the time of forfeiture. Our unconsolidated joint ventures generally do not enter into off-balance sheet arrangements.
As described above, the liquidity needs of joint ventures in which we have investments vary on an entity-by-entity basis depending on each entity’s purpose and the stage in its life cycle. During formation and development activities, the entities generally require cash, which is provided through a combination of equity contributions and debt financing, to fund acquisition and development of properties. As the properties are completed and sold, cash generated is available to repay debt and for distribution to the joint venture’sventures' members. Thus, the amount of cash available for a joint venture to distribute at any given time is primarily a function of the scope of the joint venture’s activities and the stage in the joint venture’s life cycle.
We track our share of cumulative earnings and cumulative distributions of our joint ventures. For purposes of classifying distributions received from joint ventures in our statements of cash flows, cumulative distributions are treated as returns on capital to the extent of cumulative earnings and included in our consolidated statements of cash flows as cash flow from operating activities. Cumulative distributions in excess of our share of cumulative earnings are treated as returns of capital and included in our consolidated statements of cash flows as cash flows from investing activities.

Summarized financial information on a combined 100% basis related to Lennar Homebuilding’s unconsolidated entities that are accounted for by the equity method was as follows:
Statements of Operations and Selected Information
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
Revenues$471,899
 439,874
 1,309,517
$525,931
 471,899
 439,874
Costs and expenses616,217
 578,831
 969,509
729,700
 616,217
 578,831
Other income23,253
 
 49,343
Net earnings (loss) of unconsolidated entities$(121,065) (138,957) 389,351
Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities$(61,708) (49,275) 63,373
Other income, net (1)186,982
 23,253
 
Net loss of unconsolidated entities (1)$(16,787) (121,065) (138,957)
Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities (1)$(91,915) (61,708) (49,275)
Lennar Homebuilding cumulative share of net earnings - deferred at November 30$47,621
 41,495
 42,651
$35,233
 47,621
 41,495
Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities(2)$900,769
 811,723
 741,551
$996,926
 900,769
 811,723
Equity of the unconsolidated entities$4,196,811
 3,765,336
 2,692,360
$4,238,265
 4,196,811
 3,765,336
Lennar Homebuilding investment % in the unconsolidated entities (1)(3)21% 22% 28%24% 21% 22%
(1)During the year ended November 30, 2018, other income was primarily due to FivePoint recording income resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017’s reduction in its corporate tax rate to reduce its liability pursuant to its tax receivable agreement (“TRA Liability”) with its non-controlling interests. However, we have a 70% interest in the FivePoint TRA Liability. Therefore, we did not include in Lennar Homebuilding’s equity in loss from unconsolidated entities the pro-rata share of earnings related to our portion of the TRA Liability. As a result, our unconsolidated entities have net losses of only $16.8 million, but we have an equity in loss from unconsolidated entities of $91.9 million. 
(2)Does not include the ($62.0) million investment balance for one unconsolidated entity as it was reclassed to other liabilities.
(3)Our share of profit and cash distributions from operations could be higher compared to our ownership interest in unconsolidated entities if certain specified internal rate of return or cash flow milestones are achieved.
For the year ended November 30, 2018, Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was
primarily attributable to our share of net operating losses from our unconsolidated entities which were primarily driven by valuation adjustments related to assets of Lennar Homebuilding's unconsolidated entities and general and administrative expenses, partially offset by profits from land sales.
For the year ended November 30, 2017, one of our unconsolidated entities had equity in earnings of $11.9 million relating to an equity method investee selling 475 homesites to a third-party land bank. Simultaneous with the purchase by the land bank, we entered into an option contract to purchase all 475 homesites from the land bank. Due to our continuing involvement with respect to the homesites sold from the investee entity, we deferred all of our equity in earnings from the unconsolidated entity relating to the sale transaction, which amounted to $4.9 million.

For the year ended November 30, 2017, Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was primarily attributable to our share of net operating losses from our unconsolidated entities, which were primarily driven by general and administrative expenses and valuation adjustments related to assets of Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, partially offset by the profits from land sales.
For the year ended November 30, 2016, Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was primarily attributable to our share of costs associated with the FivePoint combination and operational net losses from the new FivePoint unconsolidated entity, totaling $42.6 million. This was partially offset by $12.7 million of equity in earnings primarily due to sales of homesites to third parties by one of our unconsolidated entities.
For the year ended November 30, 2015, Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings included $82.8 million of equity in earnings from one of our unconsolidated entities primarily due to (1) sales of approximately 800 homesites to a joint venture in which we have a 50% investment and for which our portion of the gross profit from the sale was deferred, (2) sales of approximately 700 homesites and a commercial property to third parties and (3) a gain on debt extinguishment. In addition, for the year ended November 30, 2015, net earnings of unconsolidated entities included sales of approximately 300 homesites to us by one of our unconsolidated entities that resulted in $49.3 million of gross profit, of which our portion was deferred.
Balance Sheets
November 30,November 30,
(In thousands)2017 20162018 2017
Assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$953,261
 221,334
$782,565
 953,261
Inventories3,751,525
 3,889,795
4,291,470
 3,751,525
Other assets1,061,507
 1,334,116
1,251,884
 1,061,507
$5,766,293
 5,445,245
$6,325,919
 5,766,293
Liabilities and equity:      
Accounts payable and other liabilities$832,151
 791,245
$875,380
 832,151
Debt (1)737,331
 888,664
1,212,274
 737,331
Equity4,196,811
 3,765,336
4,238,265
 4,196,811
$5,766,293
 5,445,245
$6,325,919
 5,766,293
(1)
Debt is net of debt issuance costs of $5.7$12.4 million and $4.2$5.7 million,, for the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, respectively.
The increase in debt in 2018 was primarily related to $500 million of senior notes issued by FivePoint.
On May 2, 2016, we contributed, or obtained the right to contribute, our investment in three strategic joint ventures previously managed by FivePoint Communities in exchange for an investment in a FivePoint entity. The fair values of the assets contributed to this FivePoint entity are included within the unconsolidated entities summarized condensed balance sheet presented above. A portion of the assets of one of the three strategic joint ventures transferred to a new unconsolidated entity was retained by us and our venture partner. The transactions did not have a material impact to our financial position or cash flows for the year ended November 30, 2016. For the year ended November 30, 2016, we recorded $42.6 million of our share of combination costs and operational net losses in equity in loss from unconsolidated entities on the consolidated statement of operations.
In May 2017, FivePoint completed its initial public offering ("IPO"). Concurrent with the IPO, we invested an additional $100 million in FivePoint in a private placement. As of November 30, 2017,2018, we own approximately 40% of FivePoint and the carrying amount of our investment is $359.2$342.7 million.
As of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, our recorded investments in Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities were $900.8$996.9 million and $811.7$900.8 million, respectively, while the underlying equity in Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities partners’ net assets as of both November 30, 20172018 and 20162017 was $1.3 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively.billion. The basis difference is primarily as a result of us contributing our investment in three strategic joint ventures with a higher fair value than book value for an investment in the FivePoint entity and deferring equity in earnings on land sales to us.
The Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities in which we have investments usually finance their activities with a combination of partner equity and debt financing. In some instances, we and our partners have guaranteed debt of certain unconsolidated entities.

Debt to total capital of the Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities in which we have investments was calculated as follows:
 November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2017 2016
Debt (1)$737,331
 888,664
Equity4,196,811
 3,765,336
Total capital$4,934,142
 4,654,000
Debt to total capital of our unconsolidated entities14.9% 19.1%
(1)
Debt is net of debt issuance costs of $5.7 million and $4.2 million, for the years ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

 November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2018 2017
Debt$1,212,274
 737,331
Equity4,238,265
 4,196,811
Total capital$5,450,539
 4,934,142
Debt to total capital of our unconsolidated entities22.2% 14.9%
Our investments in Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities by type of venture were as follows:
November 30,November 30,
(In thousands)2017 20162018 2017
Land development$868,015
 787,138
$814,835
 841,507
Homebuilding32,754
 24,585
64,523
 32,754
Total investments$900,769
 811,723
Strategic technology investments117,568
 26,508
Total investments (1)$996,926
 900,769
(1)Does not include the ($62.0) million investment balance for one unconsolidated entity as it was reclassed to other liabilities.
Indebtedness of an unconsolidated entity is secured by its own assets. Some unconsolidated entities own multiple properties and other assets. There is no cross collateralization of debt of different unconsolidated entities. We also do not use our investment in one unconsolidated entity as collateral for the debt of another unconsolidated entity or commingle funds among Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities.

In connection with loans to a Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity, we and our partners often guarantee to a lender, either jointly and severally or on a several basis, any or all of the following: (i) the completion of the development, in whole or in part, (ii) indemnification of the lender from environmental issues, (iii) indemnification of the lender from "bad boy acts" of the unconsolidated entity (or full recourse liability in the event of an unauthorized transfer or bankruptcy) and (iv) that the loan to value and/or loan to cost will not exceed a certain percentage (maintenance or remargining guarantee) or that a percentage of the outstanding loan will be repaid (repayment guarantee).
The total debt of Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities in which we have investments, including Lennar's maximum recourse exposure, werewas as follows:
November 30,November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2017 20162018 2017
Non-recourse bank debt and other debt (partner’s share of several recourse)$64,197
 48,945
$48,313
 64,197
Non-recourse land seller debt and other debt (1)1,997
 323,995

 1,997
Non-recourse debt with completion guarantees255,903
 147,100
239,568
 255,903
Non-recourse debt without completion guarantees(1)351,800
 320,372
871,088
 351,800
Non-recourse debt to Lennar673,897
 840,412
1,158,969
 673,897
Lennar’s maximum recourse exposure (2)69,181
 52,438
65,707
 69,181
Debt issuance costs$(5,747) (4,186)$(12,402) (5,747)
Total debt$737,331
 888,664
$1,212,274
 737,331
Lennar’s maximum recourse exposure as a % of total JV debt9% 6%5% 9%
(1)Non-recourse land sellerThe increase in non-recourse debt and other debt as of November 30, 2016 included a $320 million non-recourse notewithout completion guarantees was primarily related to a transaction between one$500 million of our unconsolidated entities and another unconsolidated joint venture, which was settled in December 2016.senior notes issued by FivePoint.
(2)As of November 30, 2018 and 2017, the increase in our maximum recourse exposure was primarily related to us providing a repayment guaranteesguarantee on one newfour unconsolidated entity's debt.entities' debt and three unconsolidated entities' debt, respectively.
During the year ended November 30, 2017,2018, our maximum recourse exposure related to indebtedness of Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities increaseddecreased by $16.7$3.5 million. The decrease was primarily attributable to a $13.0 million asdecrease in maximum recourse indebtedness resulting from a result ofjoint venture selling assets, partially offset by us providing a repayment guarantee on unconsolidated entities' debt of $24.9$2.6 million on Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities debt, and an increase in recourse debt due to additional borrowings of $7.1 million, partially offset by a decrease due to $13.9 million primarily related to the joint ventures selling assets and a debt repayment of $1.4$6.2 million.

The recourse debt exposure in the previous table represents our maximum exposure to loss from guarantees and does not take into account the underlying value of the collateral or the other assets of the borrowers that are available to repay debt or to reimburse us for any payments on our guarantees.
In addition, in most instances in which we have guaranteed debt of a Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity, our partners have also guaranteed that debt and are required to contribute their share of the guarantee payment. In a repayment guarantee, we and our venture partners guarantee repayment of a portion or all of the debt in the event of a default before the lender would have to exercise its rights against the collateral.
In connection with many of the loans to Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, we and our joint venture partners (or entities related to them) have been required to give guarantees of completion to the lenders. Those completion guarantees may require that the guarantors complete the construction of the improvements for which the financing was obtained. If the construction is to be done in phases, the guarantee generally is limited to completing only the phases as to which construction has already commenced and for which loan proceeds were used.
If we are required to make a payment under any guarantee, the payment would generally constitute a capital contribution or loan to the Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity and increase our share of any funds the unconsolidated entity distributes.
As of both November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the fair values of the repayment and completion guarantees were not material. We believe that as of November 30, 2017,2018, in the event we become legally obligated to perform under a guarantee of the obligation of a Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity due to a triggering event under a guarantee, the collateral is expected to be sufficient to repay at least a significant portion of the obligation or we and our partners would contribute additional capital into the venture. In certain instances, we have placed performance letters of credit and surety bonds with municipalities for our joint ventures (see Note 7 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements).
In view of credit market conditions during the past several years, it is not uncommon for lenders and/or real estate developers, including joint ventures in which we have interests, to assert non-monetary defaults (such as failure to meet construction completion deadlines or declines in the market value of collateral below required amounts) or technical monetary

defaults against the real estate developers. In most instances, those asserted defaults are resolved by modifications of the loan terms, additional equity investments or other concessions by the borrowers. In addition, in some instances, real estate developers, including joint ventures in which we have interests, are forced to request temporary waivers of covenants in loan documents or modifications of loan terms, which are often, but not always obtained. However, in some instances developers, including joint ventures in which we have interests, are not able to meet their monetary obligations to lenders, and are thus declared in default. Because we sometimes guarantee all or portions of the obligations to lenders of joint ventures in which we have interests, when these joint ventures default on their obligations, lenders may or may not have claims against us. Normally, we do not make payments with regard to guarantees of joint venture obligations while the joint ventures are contesting assertions regarding sums due to their lenders. When it is determined that a joint venture is obligated to make a payment that we have guaranteed and the joint venture will not be able to make that payment, we accrue the amounts probable to be paid by us as a liability. Although we generally fulfill our guarantee obligations within a reasonable time after we determine that we are obligated with regard to them, at any point in time it is possible that we will have some balance of unpaid guarantee liability. At both November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, we had no liabilities accrued for unpaid guarantees of joint venture indebtedness on our consolidated balance sheets.
The following table summarizes the principal maturities of our Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities ("JVs") debt as per current debt arrangements as of November 30, 20172018 and it does not represent estimates of future cash payments that will be made to reduce debt balances. Many JV loans have extension options in the loan agreements that would allow the loans to be extended into future years.
 Principal Maturities of Unconsolidated JVs by Period Principal Maturities of Unconsolidated JVs by Period
(In thousands) 
Total JV
Debt
 2018 2019 2020 Thereafter Other 
Total JV
Debt
 2019 2020 2021 Thereafter Other
Maximum recourse debt exposure to Lennar $69,181
 6,560
 38,566
 24,055
 
 
 $65,707
 43,596
 19,562
 2,549
 
 
Debt without recourse to Lennar 673,897
 179,064
 261,194
 44,670
 186,972
 1,997
 1,158,969
 388,740
 137,775
 129,089
 503,365
 
Debt issuance costs (5,747) 
 
 
 
 (5,747) (12,402) 
 
 
 
 (12,402)
Total $737,331
 185,624
 299,760
 68,725
 186,972
 (3,750) $1,212,274
 432,336
 157,337
 131,638
 503,365
 (12,402)



The table below indicates the assets, debt and equity of our 10 largest Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated joint venture investments by the carrying value of Lennar's investment as of November 30, 20172018:
(Dollars in thousands)
Lennar’s
Investment
 
Total JV
Assets
 
Maximum
Recourse
Debt
Exposure
to Lennar
 
Total
Debt
Without
Recourse
to Lennar
 
Total JV
Debt
 
Total JV
Equity
 
JV Debt
to Total
Capital
Ratio
Lennar’s
Investment
 
Total JV
Assets
 
Maximum
Recourse
Debt
Exposure
to Lennar
 
Total
Debt
Without
Recourse
to Lennar
 
Total JV
Debt
 
Total JV
Equity
 
JV Debt
to Total
Capital
Ratio
Top Ten JVs (1):             
             
FivePoint$359,227
 2,496,531
 
 69,790
 69,790
 1,818,434
 4%$342,671
 2,958,867
 
 565,130
 565,130
 1,868,970
 23%
Opendoor (1)66,712
 
 
 
 
 
 %
Dublin Crossings (2)64,395
 215,557
 
 
 
 176,606
 %
Heritage Hills Irvine115,678
 391,879
 15,576
 109,033
 124,609
 260,199
 32%61,171
 160,277
 2,625
 18,379
 21,004
 133,949
 14%
Heritage Fields El Toro111,967
 1,593,422
 
 9,182
 9,182
 1,418,181
 1%45,131
 1,158,728
 
 5,919
 5,919
 1,006,699
 1%
Treasure Island Community Development41,595
 171,265
 
 78,377
 78,377
 83,220
 49%
SC East Landco41,040
 97,797
 
 
 
 97,499
 %
Runkle Canyon40,025
 102,312
 
 19,977
 19,977
 81,950
 20%38,349
 76,905
 
 
 
 76,699
 %
Ballpark Village28,893
 88,681
 
 25,235
 25,235
 57,786
 30%
Krome Groves Land Trust22,974
 89,860
 7,616
 18,639
 26,255
 63,209
 29%
Fifth Wall Ventures SPV I22,629
 22,761
 
 
 
 22,750
 %
Lennar Intergulf (150 Ocean)17,758
 66,414
 
 29,095
 29,095
 35,515
 45%
EL at Monroe17,369
 37,584
 
 3,770
 3,770
 32,794
 10%
Hippo Analytics (1)32,859
 
 
 
 
 
 %
E.L. Urban Communities30,940
 53,640
 
 12,395
 12,395
 40,362
 23%
Mesa Canyon Community Partners (2)30,378
 127,864
 
 37,112
 37,112
 91,085
 29%
10 largest JV investments(3)778,115
 5,060,709
 23,192
 363,098
 386,290
 3,874,038
 9%753,646
 4,849,635
 2,625
 638,935
 641,560
 3,491,869
 16%
Other JVs(4)122,654
 705,584
 45,989
 308,802
 354,791
 322,773
 52%243,280
 1,476,284
 63,082
 520,034
 583,116
 746,396
 44%
Total$900,769
 5,766,293
 69,181
 671,900
 741,081
 4,196,811
 15%$996,926
 6,325,919
 65,707
 1,158,969
 1,224,676
 4,238,265
 22%
Land seller debt and other debt    
 1,997
 1,997
    
Debt issuance costs    
 (5,747) (5,747)        
 (12,402) (12,402)    
Total JV debt    69,181
 668,150
 737,331
        65,707
 1,146,567
 1,212,274
    
(1)Financial statements are not publicly available and thus only our investment balance has been included in the table above.
(2)Joint ventures acquired from CalAtlantic.

(3)The 10 largest joint ventures by the carrying value of Lennar's investment presented above represent the majority of total JVs assets and equity, 34%4% of total JV maximum recourse debt exposure to Lennar and 53%55% of total JV debt without recourse to Lennar. In addition, all of theFivePoint, Opendoor, and Hippo Analytics are included in Homebuilding Other. The remaining joint ventures presentedlisted are included in the table above operate in our Homebuilding West segment except for Krome Groves Land Trust and EL at Monroe, LLC, which operatesegment. Treasure Island Community Development is no longer included above due to the sale of an 80% interest in our Homebuilding East segment.Treasure Island Holdings.
Rialto - Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
The following table reflects Rialto's investments in funds that invest in and manage real estate related assets and other investments:
         November 30,
2017
 November 30,
2017
 November 30,
2016
(In thousands)Inception Year Equity Commitments Equity Commitments Called Commitment to Fund by the Company Funds Contributed by the Company Investment
Rialto Real Estate Fund, LP2010 $700,006
 $700,006
 $75,000
 $75,000
 $41,860
 58,116
Rialto Real Estate Fund II, LP2012 1,305,000
 1,305,000
 100,000
 100,000
 86,904
 96,192
Rialto Mezzanine Partners Fund, LP2013 300,000
 300,000
 33,799
 33,799
 19,189
 23,643
Rialto Capital CMBS Funds2014 119,174
 119,174
 52,474
 52,474
 54,018
 50,519
Rialto Real Estate Fund III2015 1,887,000
 569,482
 140,000
 40,104
 41,223
 9,093
Rialto Credit Partnership, LP2016 220,000
 159,886
 19,999
 14,534
 13,288
 5,794
Other investments          8,936
 2,384
           $265,418
 245,741
During the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016, and 2015, Rialto's share of earnings from unconsolidated entities was $25.4 million, $19.0 million and $22.3 million, respectively.

As manager of real estate funds, Rialto is entitled to receive additional revenue through carried interests if the funds meet certain performance thresholds. Rialto also periodically receives advance distributions related to Rialto's carried interests in order to cover income tax obligations resulting from allocations of taxable income to its carried interests in its real estate funds. These distributions are not subject to clawbacks but will reduce future carried interest payments to which Rialto becomes
entitled from the applicable funds and have been recorded as revenues. The amounts presented in the table below include advance and carried interest distributions received as follows:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Rialto Real Estate Fund, LP (1)$36,973
 7,633
 9,588
Rialto Real Estate Fund II, LP1,656
 100
 9,383
Rialto Real Estate Fund III, LP2,948
 
 
Rialto Mezzanine Partners Fund, LP311
 750
 513
Rialto Capital CMBS Funds2,281
 1,639
 516
 $44,169
 10,122
 20,000
(1)(4)Rialto received $36.8Includes CPHP Development, LLC which has assets of $261.2 million, maximum recourse debt exposure to Lennar of distributions, net$52.2 million, total JV debt of prior advance distributions, with regard to its carried interest in Rialto Real Estate Fund, LP during the year ended November 30, 2017.
The following table represents amounts Rialto would have received had the funds ceased operations and hypothetically liquidated all their investments at their estimated fair values on November 30, 2017, both gross and net of amounts already received as advanced tax distributions. The actual amounts Rialto may receive could be materially different from amounts presented in the table below.
(In thousands)Hypothetical Carried Interest Paid as Advanced Tax Distribution Paid as Carried Interest Hypothetical Carried Interest, Net
Rialto Real Estate Fund, LP$166,989
 52,062
 36,824
 78,103
Rialto Real Estate Fund II, LP (1)52,308
 11,139
 
 41,169
 $219,297
 63,201
 36,824
 119,272
(1)Net of interests of participating employees (refer to paragraph below).
During 2015, Rialto adopted a Carried Interest Incentive Plan (the "Plan"), under which participating employees in the aggregate may receive up to 40% of the equity units of a limited liability company (a "Carried Interest Entity") that is entitled to distributions made by a fund or other investment vehicle (a "Fund") managed by a subsidiary of Rialto. As such, those employees receiving equity units in a Carried Interest Entity may benefit from distributions made by a Fund to the extent the Carried Interest Entity makes distributions to its equity holders. The units issued to employees are equity awards and are subject to vesting schedules and forfeiture or repurchase provisions in the case of termination of employment.

Summarized condensed financial information on a combined 100% basis related to Rialto’s investments in unconsolidated entities that are accounted for by the equity method was as follows:
Balance Sheets
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$95,552
 230,229
Loans receivable538,317
 406,812
Real estate owned348,601
 439,191
Investment securities1,849,795
 1,379,155
Investments in partnerships393,874
 398,535
Other assets42,949
 29,036
 $3,269,088
 2,882,958
Liabilities and equity:   
Accounts payable and other liabilities$48,374
 36,131
Notes payable (1)576,810
 532,264
Equity2,643,904
 2,314,563
 $3,269,088
 2,882,958
(1)Notes payable are net of debt issuance costs of $3.1$333.8 million, and $2.9total JV equity of ($96.7) million. Lennar's investment balance does not include the ($62.0) million investment as of November 30, 2017 and November 30, 2016, respectively.
Statements of Operations and Selected Information
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Revenues$238,981
 200,346
 170,921
Costs and expenses104,343
 96,343
 97,162
Other income, net (1)109,927
 49,342
 144,941
Net earnings of unconsolidated entities$244,565
 153,345
 218,700
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities$25,447
 18,961
 22,293
Rialto's investments in unconsolidated entities$265,418
 245,741
 224,869
Equity of the unconsolidated entities$2,643,904
 2,314,563
 2,317,588
Rialto's investment % in the unconsolidated entities10% 11% 10%
(1)Other income, net, included realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments.it was reclassed to other liabilities.
Lennar Multifamily - Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
At November 30, 2017,2018, Lennar Multifamily had equity investments in 2722 unconsolidated entities that are engaged in multifamily residential developments (of which 138 had non-recourse debt and 14 had no debt), compared to 2827 unconsolidated entities at November 30, 2016.2017. We invest in unconsolidated entities that acquire and develop land to construct multifamily rental properties. Through these entities, we are focusing on developing a geographically diversified portfolio of institutional quality multifamily rental properties in select U.S. markets. Participants in these joint ventures have been financial partners. Joint ventures with financial partners have allowed us to combine our development and construction expertise with access to our partners’ capital. Each joint venture is governed by an operating agreement that provides significant substantive participating voting rights on major decisions to our partners.
The Venture Fund is a long-term multifamily development investment vehicle involved in the development, construction and property management of class-A multifamily assets with $2.2 billion in equity commitments, including a $504 million co-investment commitment by us comprised of cash, undeveloped land and preacquisition costs. The Venture Fund is currently seeded with 3539 undeveloped multifamily assets that were previously purchased or under contract by the Lennar Multifamily segment totaling approximately 10,60011,700 apartments with projected project costs of $3.9$4.1 billion as of November 30, 2017.2018. There are four17 completed and operating multifamily assets with 1,0624,900 apartments. During the year ended November 30, 2017, $586.42018, $384.3 million in equity commitments were called, of which we contributed $134.9 million representing our pro-rata portion of the called equity.$90.1 million. During the year ended November 30, 2017,2018, we received $26.8$18.0 million of distributions as a return of capital from the

Venture except for distributions of capital related to land contributions.Fund. As of November 30, 2017, $1.52018, $1.8 billion of the $2.2 billion in equity commitments had been called, of which we had contributed $350.7$440.8 million representing our pro-rata portion of the called equity, resulting in a remaining equity commitment for us of $153.3$63.2 million. As of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the carrying value of our investment in the Venture Fund was $383.4 million and $323.8 million, respectively.
In March 2018, the Lennar Multifamily segment completed the first closing of a second Lennar Multifamily Venture, Venture Fund II, for the development, construction and $198.2property management of class-A multifamily assets. As of November 30, 2018, Venture Fund II had approximately $787 million respectively.of equity commitments, including a $255 million co-investment commitment by Lennar comprised of cash, undeveloped land and preacquisition costs. As of and for the year ended November 30, 2018, $252.1 million in equity commitments were called, of which we contributed our portion of $81.2 million, which was made up of $188.4 million in inventory and cash contributions, offset by $107.2 million of distributions as a return of capital, resulting in a remaining equity commitment for us of $173.8 million. As of November 30, 2018, the carrying value of our investment in Venture Fund II was $63.0 million. The difference between our net contributions and the carrying value of our investments was related to a basis difference. Venture Fund II is currently seeded with eight undeveloped multifamily assets that were previously purchased by the Lennar Multifamily segment totaling approximately 3,000 apartments with projected project costs of approximately $1.3 billion as of November 30, 2018.
The joint ventures are typically structured through non-corporate entities in which control is shared with our venture partners. Each joint venture is unique in terms of its funding requirements and liquidity needs. We and the other joint venture participants typically make pro-rata cash contributions to the joint venture except for cost over-runs relating to the construction of the project. In all cases, we have been required to provide guarantees of completion and cost over-runs to the lenders and partners. These completion guarantees may require us to complete the improvements for which the financing was obtained. Therefore, our risk is limited to our equity contribution, draws on letters of credit and potential future payments under the guarantees of completion and cost over-runs. In certain instances, payments made under the cost over-run guarantees are considered capital contributions.
Additionally, the joint ventures obtain third-party debt to fund a portion of the acquisition, development and construction costs of the rental projects. The joint venture agreements usually permit, but do not require, the joint ventures to make additional capital calls in the future. However, the joint venture debt does not have repayment or maintenance guarantees. Neither we nor the other equity partners are a party to the debt instruments. In some cases, we agree to provide credit support in the form of a letter of credit provided to the bank.
We regularly monitor the results of our unconsolidated joint ventures and any trends that may affect their future liquidity or results of operations. We also monitor the performance of joint ventures in which we have investments on a regular basis to assess compliance with debt covenants. For those joint ventures not in compliance with the debt covenants, we evaluate

and assess possible impairment of our investment. We believe all of the joint ventures were in compliance with their debt covenants at November 30, 2017.2018.
Under the terms of our joint venture agreements, we generally have the right to share in earnings and distributions of the entities on a pro-rata basis based on our ownership percentages. Most joint venture agreements provide for a different allocation of profit and cash distributions if and when the cumulative results of the joint venture exceed specified targets (such as a specified internal rate of return).
In many instances, we are designated as the development manager and/or the general contractor and/or the property manager of the unconsolidated entity and receive fees for such services. In addition, we generally do not plan to enter into option and purchase contracts to acquire rental properties from our Lennar Multifamily joint ventures.
Our arrangements with joint ventures generally do not restrict our activities or those of the other participants. However, in certain instances, we agree not to engage in some types of activities that may be viewed as competitive with the activities of these ventures in the localities where the joint ventures do business.
Material contractual obligations of our unconsolidated joint ventures primarily relate to the debt obligations described above. The joint ventures generally do not enter into lease commitments because the entities are managed either by us or the other partners, who supply the necessary facilities and employee services in exchange for market-based management fees. However, they do enter into management contracts with the participants who manage them.
As described above, the liquidity needs of joint ventures in which we have investments vary on an entity-by-entity basis depending on each entity’s purpose and the stage in its life cycle. During formation and development activities, the entities generally require cash, which is provided through a combination of equity contributions and debt financing, to fund acquisition, development and construction of multifamily rental properties. As the properties are completed and sold, cash generated will be available to repay debt and for distribution to the joint venture’s members. Thus, the amount of cash available for a joint venture to distribute at any given time is primarily a function of the scope of the joint venture’s activities and the stage in the joint venture’s life cycle.

Summarized financial information on a combined 100% basis related to Lennar Multifamily’s investments in unconsolidated entities that are accounted for by the equity method was as follows:


Balance Sheets
November 30,November 30,
(In thousands)2017 20162018 2017
Assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$37,073
 43,658
$61,571
 37,073
Operating properties and equipment2,952,070
 2,210,627
3,708,613
 2,952,070
Other assets36,772
 33,703
40,899
 36,772
$3,025,915
 2,287,988
$3,811,083
 3,025,915
Liabilities and equity:      
Accounts payable and other liabilities$212,123
 196,617
$199,119
 212,123
Notes payable (1)879,047
 577,085
1,381,656
 879,047
Equity1,934,745
 1,514,286
2,230,308
 1,934,745
$3,025,915
 2,287,988
$3,811,083
 3,025,915
(1)Notes payable are net of debt issuance costs of $17.6$15.7 million and $12.3$17.6 million, for the years ended November 30, 20172018 and November 30, 2016,2017, respectively.

The following table summarizes the principal maturities of our Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities debt as per current debt arrangements as of November 30, 20172018 and does not represent estimates of future cash payments that will be made to reduce debt balances.
 Principal Maturities of Lennar Multifamily Unconsolidated JVs by Period Principal Maturities of Lennar Multifamily Unconsolidated JVs by Period
(In thousands) 
Total JV
Debt
 2018 2019 2020 Thereafter Other 
Total JV
Debt
 2019 2020 2021 Thereafter Other
Debt without recourse to Lennar Multifamily $896,683
 252,767
 318,082
 299,777
 26,057
 
 $1,397,353
 281,093
 595,139
 164,035
 357,086
 
Debt issuance costs (17,636) 
 
 
 
 (17,636) (15,697) 
 
 
 
 (15,697)
Total $879,047

$252,767

$318,082

$299,777

$26,057

$(17,636) $1,381,656
 281,093
 595,139
 164,035
 357,086
 (15,697)


Statements of Operations and Selected Information
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
(Dollars in thousands)2018 2017 2016
Revenues$67,578
 45,287
 16,309
$117,985
 67,578
 45,287
Costs and expenses108,610
 68,976
 27,190
172,089
 108,610
 68,976
Other income, net207,793
 191,385
 43,340
93,778
 207,793
 191,385
Net earnings of unconsolidated entities$166,761
 167,696
 32,459
$39,674
 166,761
 167,696
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities (1)$85,739
 85,519
 19,518
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities and other gain (1)$51,322
 85,739
 85,519
Our investments in unconsolidated entities$407,544
 318,559
 250,876
$481,129
 407,544
 318,559
Equity of the unconsolidated entities$1,934,745
 1,514,286
 817,473
$2,230,308
 1,934,745
 1,514,286
Our investment % in the unconsolidated entities (2)21% 21% 31%22% 21% 21%
(1)During the year ended November 30, 2018 the Lennar Multifamily segment sold, through its unconsolidated entities, six operating properties and an investment in an operating property resulting in the segment's $61.2 million share of gains. The gain of $15.7 million recognized on the sale of the investment in an operating property and recognition of our share of deferred development fees that were capitalized at the joint venture level are included in Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities and other gain, and are not included in net earnings of unconsolidated entities. During each of the years ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, ourthe Lennar Multifamily segment sold seven seven and two operating properties respectively, through its unconsolidated entities resulting in the segment's $96.7 million $91.0 million and $22.2$91.0 million share of gains, respectively.
(2)Our share of profit and cash distributions from sales of operating properties could be higher compared to our ownership interest in unconsolidated entities if certain specified internal rate of return milestones are achieved.
Rialto - Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
Rialto was the sponsor of and an investor in private equity vehicles that invest in and manage real estate related assets and other related investments. We sold our Rialto Management Group on November 30, 2018. We retained our fund investments along with our carried interests in various Rialto funds and investments in other Rialto balance sheet assets. Our limited partner investments in Rialto funds and investment vehicles totaled $297.4 million at November 30, 2018, and we are committed to invest as much as an additional $71.6 million in Rialto funds.
As part of the sale of the Rialto investment and asset management platform, we retained our ability to receive a portion of payments with regard to carried interests if funds meet specified performance thresholds. We will periodically receive advance distributions related to the carried interests in order to cover income tax obligations resulting from allocations of taxable income to the carried interests. These distributions are not subject to clawbacks but will reduce future carried interest payments to which we become entitled from the applicable funds and have been recorded as revenues.

Advanced and carried interest distributions received during the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were $25.5 million, $44.2 million and $10.1 million, respectively. The following table represents amounts we would have received had the funds ceased operations and hypothetically liquidated all their investments at their estimated fair values on November 30, 2018, both gross and net of amounts already received as advanced tax distributions. The actual amounts we may receive could be materially different from amounts presented in the table below.
(In thousands)Hypothetical Carried Interest Paid as Advanced Tax Distribution Paid as Carried Interest Hypothetical Carried Interest, Net
Rialto Real Estate Fund, LP$173,030
 52,541
 48,952
 71,537
Rialto Real Estate Fund II, LP56,068
 15,609
 
 40,459
 $229,098
 68,150
 48,952
 111,996
Rialto previously adopted carried interest plans under which we and participating employees will receive 60% and 40%, respectively, of carried interest payments, net of expenses, received by entities that are general partners of a number of Rialto funds or other investment vehicles. When Rialto Management Group was sold, we retained our right to receive 60% of the distributions of carried interest payments received from funds that existed at the time of the sale.
Summarized condensed financial information on a combined 100% basis related to Rialto’s investments in unconsolidated entities that are accounted for by the equity method was as follows:
Balance Sheets
 November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$50,043
 95,552
Loans receivable705,414
 538,317
Real estate owned273,802
 348,601
Investment securities2,296,768
 1,849,795
Investments in partnerships380,290
 393,874
Other assets38,682
 42,949
 $3,744,999
 3,269,088
Liabilities and equity:   
Accounts payable and other liabilities$30,236
 48,374
Notes payable (1)595,491
 576,810
Equity3,119,272
 2,643,904
 $3,744,999
 3,269,088
(1)Notes payable are net of debt issuance costs of $4.6 million and $3.1 million, as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Statements of Operations and Selected Information
 Years Ended November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2018 2017 2016
Revenues$373,355
 238,981
 200,346
Costs and expenses103,138
 104,343
 96,343
Other income (expenses), net (1)(58,757) 109,927
 49,342
Net earnings of unconsolidated entities$211,460
 244,565
 153,345
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities$25,816
 25,447
 18,961
Rialto's investments in unconsolidated entities$297,379
 265,418
 245,741
Equity of the unconsolidated entities$3,119,272
 2,643,904
 2,314,563
Rialto's investment % in the unconsolidated entities10% 10% 11%
(1)Other income (expenses), net, included realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments.

Option Contracts
We often obtain access to land through option contracts, which generally enable us to control portions of properties owned by third parties (including land funds) and unconsolidated entities until we have determined whether to exercise the options.
The table below indicates the number of homesites owned and homesites to which we had access through option contracts with third parties ("optioned") or unconsolidated JVs (i.e., controlled homesites) at November 30, 20172018 and 2016:2017:
Controlled Homesites    Controlled Homesites    
November 30, 2017Optioned JVs Total 
Owned
Homesites
 
Total
Homesites
November 30, 2018Optioned JVs Total 
Owned
Homesites
 
Total
Homesites
East17,809
 482
 18,291
 64,317
 82,608
25,699
 3,482
 29,181
 72,367
 101,548
Central10,069
 1,135
 11,204
 31,862
 43,066
5,837
 
 5,837
 31,684
 37,521
Texas18,890
 
 18,890
 31,733
 50,623
West2,271
 3,828
 6,099
 38,265
 44,364
8,863
 4,576
 13,439
 62,732
 76,171
Other1,933
 
 1,933
 6,682
 8,615

 1,276
 1,276
 3,132
 4,408
Total homesites32,082
 5,445
 37,527
 141,126
 178,653
59,289
 9,334
 68,623
 201,648
 270,271
Controlled Homesites    Controlled Homesites    
November 30, 2016Optioned JVs Total 
Owned
Homesites
 
Total
Homesites
November 30, 2017Optioned JVs Total 
Owned
Homesites
 
Total
Homesites
East17,185
 482
 17,667
 51,453
 69,120
16,556
 482
 17,038
 48,473
 65,511
Central5,726
 1,135
 6,861
 32,690
 39,551
3,054
 
 3,054
 20,572
 23,626
Texas9,103
 
 9,103
 23,539
 32,642
West2,409
 4,899
 7,308
 35,451
 42,759
3,369
 4,963
 8,332
 48,268
 56,600
Other1,330
 
 1,330
 6,285
 7,615

 
 
 274
 274
Total homesites26,650
 6,516
 33,166
 125,879
 159,045
32,082
 5,445
 37,527
 141,126
 178,653
We evaluate all option contracts for land to determine whether they are VIEs and, if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary of certain of these option contracts. Although we do not have legal title to the optioned land, if we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary or make a significant deposit for optioned land, we may need to consolidate the land under option at the purchase price of the optioned land.
During the year ended November 30, 2017,2018, consolidated inventory not owned increaseddecreased by $272.3$184.3 million with a corresponding increasedecrease to liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of November 30, 2017.2018. The increasedecrease was primarily related to a transaction in which onehigher amount of our unconsolidated entities sold 475homesite takedowns than construction started on homesites to a third-party land bank and simultaneous with the purchase by the land bank, we entered into an option contract to purchase all 475 homesites from the land bank. We consolidated the option contract with the land bank due to an amount that we would have to pay if we default under the option contract. The consolidation resulted in a $320.1 million increase in consolidated inventory not owned and liabilities related to consolidated not owned. The increase from the land bank transaction was partially offset by us exercising our option to acquire land under previously consolidated contracts. To reflect the purchase price of the inventory consolidated, we had a net reclassreclassification related to option deposits from land under development to consolidated inventory not owned to land under development in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of November 30, 2017.2018. The liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned primarily represent the difference between the option exercise prices for the optioned land and our cash deposits.
Our exposure to loss related to our option contracts with third parties and unconsolidated entities consisted of our non-refundable option deposits and pre-acquisition costs totaling $137.0$209.5 million and $85.0$137.0 million at November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. Additionally, we had posted $51.8$72.4 million and $45.1$51.8 million of letters of credit in lieu of cash deposits under certain land and option contracts as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.



Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
The following table summarizes certain of our contractual obligations at November 30, 2017:2018:
  Payments Due by Period  Payments Due by Period
(In thousands)Total 
Less than
1 year
 
1 to 3
years
 
3 to 5
years
 
More than
5 years
Total 
Less than
1 year
 
1 to 3
years
 
3 to 5
years
 
More than
5 years
Lennar Homebuilding - Senior notes and other debts payable (1)$6,448,504
 357,655
 1,853,047
 1,726,355
 2,511,447
$8,467,148
 1,270,534
 1,712,372
 1,809,496
 3,674,746
Lennar Financial Services - Notes and other debts payable937,431
 937,356
 75
 
 
1,256,174
 1,256,174
 
 
 
Rialto - Notes and other debts payable (2)633,281
 183,875
 350,000
 12,485
 86,921
325,725
 193,316
 1,121
 15,596
 115,692
Interest commitments under interest bearing debt (3)1,494,395
 312,568
 471,716
 334,134
 375,977
1,860,229
 406,628
 640,439
 416,074
 397,088
Operating leases153,172
 46,228
 63,072
 31,411
 12,461
230,905
 55,302
 86,644
 46,891
 42,068
Other contractual obligations (4)276,600
 233,500
 43,100
 
 
308,642
 179,737
 128,905
 
 
Total contractual obligations (5)$9,943,383
 2,071,182
 2,781,010
 2,104,385
 2,986,806
$12,448,823
 3,361,691
 2,569,481
 2,288,057
 4,229,594
(1)The amounts presented in the table above exclude debt issuance costs and any discounts/premiums.premiums and purchase accounting adjustments.
(2)Amounts includePrimarily includes notes payable and other debts payable of $350 million related to Rialto's 7.00% Senior Notes and $162.1$178.8 million related to the Rialto warehouse repurchase facilities.facilities, used by RMF, and $132.4 million related to Rialto's long-term loan facilities ("CMBS Loan Facilities") to finance the purchase of CMBS. These amounts exclude debt issuance costs and any discounts/premiums.
(3)Interest commitments on variable interest-bearing debt are determined based on the interest rate as of November 30, 2017.2018.
(4)Amounts include $153.3$63.2 million remaining equity commitment to fund the Venture Fund for future expenditures related to the construction and development of the projects, $99.9$173.8 million remaining equity commitment to fund Venture Fund II for future expenditures related to construction and development of projects and $71.6 million of commitments to fund Rialto's Fund III, $5.5 million of commitments to fund Rialto's RCP and an $18.0 million commitment to invest in a real estate investment trust.Rialto funds.
(5)Total contractual obligations exclude our gross unrecognized tax benefits and accrued interest and penalties totaling $62.0$67.6 million as of November 30, 2017,2018, because we are unable to make reasonable estimates as to the period of cash settlement with the respective taxing authorities.
We are subject to the usual obligations associated with entering into contracts (including option contracts) for the purchase, development and sale of real estate in the routine conduct of our business. Option contracts for the purchase of land generally enable us to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties or unconsolidated entities until we have determined whether to exercise our options. This reduces our financial risk associated with land holdings. At November 30, 2017,2018, we had access to 37,52768,623 homesites through option contracts with third parties and unconsolidated entities in which we have investments. At November 30, 2017,2018, we had $137.0$209.5 million of non-refundable option deposits and pre-acquisition costs related to certain of these homesites and had posted $51.8$72.4 million of letters of credit in lieu of cash deposits under certain land and option contracts.
At November 30, 2017,2018, we had letters of credit outstanding in the amount of $511.8$763.8 million (which included the $51.8$72.4 million of letters of credit discussed above). These letters of credit are generally posted either with regulatory bodies to guarantee our performance of certain development and construction activities, or in lieu of cash deposits on option contracts, for insurance risks, credit enhancements and as other collateral. Additionally, at November 30, 2017,2018, we had outstanding surety bonds of $1.3$2.7 billion including performance surety bonds related to site improvements at various projects (including certain projects of our joint ventures) and financial surety bonds. Although significant development and construction activities have been completed related to these site improvements, these bonds are generally not released until all of the development and construction activities are completed. As of November 30, 2017,2018, there were approximately $570.4 million,$1.4 billion, or 44%52%, of anticipated future costs to complete related to these site improvements. We do not presently anticipate any draws upon these bonds or letters of credit, but if any such draws occur, we do not believe they would have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Our Lennar Financial Services segment had a pipeline of loan applications in process of $2.4$3.5 billion at November 30, 2017.2018. Loans in process for which interest rates were committed to the borrowers totaled approximately $500$584 million as of November 30, 2017.2018. Substantially all of these commitments were for periods of 60 days or less. Since a portion of these commitments is expected to expire without being exercised by the borrowers or borrowers may not meet certain criteria at the time of closing, the total commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.
Our Lennar Financial Services segment uses mandatory mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") forward commitments, option contracts, futures contracts and investor commitments to hedge our mortgage-related interest rate exposure. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk. Credit risk associated with MBS forward commitments, option contracts, futures contracts and loan sales transactions is managed by limiting our counterparties to investment banks, federally regulated bank affiliates and other investors meeting our credit standards. Our risk, in the event of default by the purchaser, is the difference between the contract price and fair value of the MBS forward commitments and the

option contracts. At November 30, 2017,2018, we had open commitments amounting to $1.1$1.5 billion to sell MBS with varying

settlement dates through February 20182019 and there were no open futures contracts in the amount of $332.0 million with the settlement dates through September 2024.contracts.
The following sections discuss market and financing risk, seasonality and interest rates and changing prices that may have an impact on our business:


Market and Financing Risk
We finance our contributions to JVs, land acquisition and development activities, construction activities, financial services activities, Rialto activities, Lennar Multifamily activities and general operating needs primarily with cash generated from operations, debt and equity issuances, as well as borrowings under our Credit Facility and warehouse repurchase facilities. We also purchase land under option agreements, which enables us to control homesites until we have determined whether to exercise the options. We try to manage the financial risks of adverse market conditions associated with land holdings by what we believe to be prudent underwriting of land purchases in areas we view as desirable growth markets, careful management of the land development process and until recent years, limitation of risks by using partners to share the costs of purchasing and developing land as well as obtaining access to land through option contracts. Although we believed our land underwriting standards were conservative, we did not anticipate the severe decline in land values and the sharply reduced demand for new homes encountered in the prior economic downturn.

Seasonality
We historically have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, variability in quarterly results. Our homebuilding business is seasonal in nature and generally reflects higher levels of new home order activity in our second fiscal quarter and increased deliveries in the second half of our fiscal year. However, periods of economic downturn in the industry can alter seasonal patterns.


Interest Rates and Changing Prices
Inflation can have a long-term impact on us because increasing costs of land, materials and labor result in a need to increase the sales prices of homes. In addition, inflation is often accompanied by higher interest rates, which can have a negative impact on housing demand and the costs of financing land development activities and housing construction. Rising interest rates as well as increased material and labor costs, may reduce gross margins. An increase in material and labor costs is particularly a problem during a period of declining home prices. Conversely, deflation can impact the value of real estate and make it difficult for us to recover our land costs. Therefore, either inflation or deflation could adversely impact our future results of operations.


New Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements for a comprehensive list of new accounting pronouncements.


Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our accounting policies are more fully described in Note 1 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this document. As discussed in Note 1, the preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Future events and their effects cannot be determined with absolute certainty. Therefore, the determination of estimates requires the exercise of judgment. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences may be material to our consolidated financial statements. Listed below are those policies and estimates that we believe are critical and require the use of significant judgment in their application.
ValuationBusiness Acquisitions
In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 805, Business Combinations ("ASC 805"), we account for business acquisitions by allocating the purchase price of Deferred Tax Assets
We record income taxes under the asset and liability method, whereby deferred taxtransaction to the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities are recognized based on the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and attributable to operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or paid. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the period when the changes are enacted. Interest related to unrecognized tax benefits is recognized in the financial statements as a component of income tax expense.

A reductionassumed. Any amount of the carrying amountspurchase price over the estimated fair value of deferred taxthe identifiable net assets by a valuation allowanceacquired is required if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. Accordingly, the need to establish valuation allowances for deferred tax assets is assessed each reporting period by us based on the consolidation of all available positive and negative evidence using a "more-likely-than-not" standard with respect to whether deferred tax assets will be realized. This assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses, actual earnings, forecasts of future profitability, the duration of statutory carryforward periods, our experience with loss carryforwards not expiring unused and tax planning alternatives.
recorded as goodwill. We believe that the accounting estimate for the valuation of deferred tax assetsbusiness combinations is a critical accounting estimate because of the judgment required in assessing the likely future tax consequencesfair value of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns.the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We basedevelop our estimate of deferred tax assets and liabilitiesfair value through various valuation methods, including the use of discounted expected future cash flows based on market-based assessments. These assessments are based on current tax lawsmarket valuations as well as the current and ratesanticipated future economic conditions in each of our markets. Given these estimates and assumptions of cash flows are based on market conditions that are inherently uncertain, changes in certain cases, business plansthe accuracy of the estimates and other expectations about future outcomes. Changes in existing tax laws or ratesassumptions could affect actual tax results and future business results, which may affect thebe affected.
Goodwill
We have recorded a significant amount of deferred tax liabilities orgoodwill in connection with the recent acquisition of CalAtlantic. We record goodwill associated with acquisitions of businesses when the purchase price of the business exceeds the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable assets acquired. In accordance with ASC Topic 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other ("ASC 350"), we evaluate goodwill for potential impairment on at least an annual basis. We evaluate potential impairment by comparing the

carrying value of each of our reporting units to their estimated fair values. We believe that the accounting estimate for goodwill is a critical accounting estimate because of the judgment required in assessing the fair value of each of our reporting units. We estimate fair value through various valuation methods, including the use of deferred tax assets over time.discounted expected future cash flows of each reporting unit. The expected future cash flows for each segment are significantly impacted by current market conditions. If these market conditions and resulting expected future cash flows for each reporting unit decline significantly, the actual results for each segment could differ from our estimate, which would cause goodwill to be impaired. Our accounting for deferred tax consequencesgoodwill represents our best estimate of future events.
In December 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted which will have a positive impact on our effective tax rate in 2018 and subsequent years. The tax reform bill will reduce our effective tax rate in 2018 from 34% to approximately 25%. Excluded from our 2018 effective tax rate is a one-time non-cash write-down of our deferred tax assets of approximately $70 million that will be recorded in the first quarter of 2018 as a result of our lower effective tax rate.


Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily Operations
Lennar Homebuilding Revenue Recognition
Revenues from sales of homes are recognized when the sales are closed and title passes to the new homeowner, the new homeowner’s initial and continuing investment is adequate to demonstrate a commitment to pay for the home, the new homeowner’s receivable is not subject to future subordination and we do not have a substantial continuing involvement with the new home. Revenues from sales of land are recognized when a significant down payment is received, the earnings process is complete, title passes and collectability of the receivable is reasonably assured. We believe that the accounting policy related to revenue recognition is a critical accounting policy because of the significance of revenue.
Lennar Multifamily Revenue Recognition
Our Lennar Multifamily segment provides management services with respect to the development, construction and property management of rental projects in joint ventures in which we have investments. As a result, our Lennar Multifamily segment earns and receives fees, which are generally based upon a stated percentage of development and construction costs and a percentage of gross rental collections. These fees are included in Lennar Multifamily revenue and are recorded over the period in which the services are performed, fees are determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. In addition, our Lennar Multifamily segment provides general contractor services for the construction of some of its rental projects and recognizes the revenue over the period in which the services are performed under the percentage of completion method. We believe that the accounting policy related to Lennar Multifamily revenue recognition is a critical accounting policy because it represents a significant portion of our Lennar Multifamily's revenues and is expected to continue to grow in the future as the segment builds more rental properties.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at cost unless the inventory within a community is determined to be impaired, in which case the impaired inventory is written down to fair value. Inventory costs include land, land development and home construction costs, real estate taxes, deposits on land purchase contracts and interest related to development and construction. We review our inventory for indicators of impairment by evaluating each community during each reporting period. The inventory within each community is categorized as finished homes and construction in progress or land under development based on the development state of the community. There were 7611,324 and 693761 active communities, excluding unconsolidated entities, as of November 30, 20172018 and 20162017, respectively. If the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by a community are less than its carrying amount, an impairment charge is recorded to write down the carrying amount of such community to its estimated fair value.
In conducting our review for indicators of impairment on a community level, we evaluate, among other things, the margins on homes that have been delivered, margins on homes under sales contracts in backlog, projected margins with regard to future home sales over the life of the community, projected margins with regard to future land sales, and the estimated fair value of the land itself. We pay particular attention to communities in which inventory is moving at a slower than anticipated absorption pace and communities whose average sales price and/or margins are trending downward and are anticipated to continue to trend downward. From this review, we identify communities in which to assess if the carrying values exceed their undiscounted cash flows. Although gross margin percentages for the year ended November 30, 20172018 have decreased compared

to the year ended November 30, 20162017 primarily due to purchase accounting adjustments and an increase in direct construction and land costs, revenues have increased for all of our homebuildingHomebuilding segments, and Homebuilding Other, compared to the year ended November 30, 2016.2017. The increase is primarily due to an increase in home deliveries in all of our Homebuilding segments, and Homebuilding Other, and an increase in the average sales price of homes delivered in all of our Homebuilding segments but not in Homebuilding Other.resulting primarily from the acquisition of CalAtlantic.
We estimate the fair value of our communities using a discounted cash flow model. The projected cash flows for each community are significantly impacted by estimates related to market supply and demand, product type by community, homesite sizes, sales pace, sales prices, sales incentives, construction costs, sales and marketing expenses, the local economy, competitive conditions, labor costs, costs of materials and other factors for that particular community. Every division evaluates the historical performance of each of its communities as well as current trends in the market and economy impacting the community and its surrounding areas. These trends are analyzed for each of the estimates listed above.

Each of the homebuilding markets in which we operate is unique, as homebuilding has historically been a local business driven by local market conditions and demographics. Each of our homebuilding markets has specific supply and demand relationships reflective of local economic conditions. Our projected cash flows are impacted by many assumptions. Some of the most critical assumptions in our cash flow models are our projected absorption pace for home sales, sales prices and costs to build and deliver our homes on a community by community basis.
In order to arrive at the assumed absorption pace for home sales and the assumed sales prices included in our cash flow model, we analyze our historical absorption pace and historical sales prices in the community and in other comparable communities in the geographical area. In addition, we consider internal and external market studies and place greater emphasis on more current metrics and trends, which generally include, but are not limited to, statistics and forecasts on population demographics and on sales prices in neighboring communities, unemployment rates and availability and sales price of competing product in the geographical area where the community is located as well as the absorption pace realized in our most recent quarters and the sales prices included in our current backlog for such communities.
Generally, if we notice a variation from historical results over a span of two fiscal quarters, we consider such variation to be the establishment of a trend and adjust our historical information accordingly in order to develop assumptions on the projected absorption pace and sales prices in the cash flow model for a community.
In order to arrive at our assumed costs to build and deliver our homes, we generally assume a cost structure reflecting contracts currently in place with our vendors adjusted for any anticipated cost reduction initiatives or increases in cost structure. Those costs assumed are used in our cash flow models for our communities.
Since the estimates and assumptions included in our cash flow models are based upon historical results and projected trends, they do not anticipate unexpected changes in market conditions or strategies that may lead to us incurring additional impairment charges in the future.
Using all the available information, we calculate our best estimate of projected cash flows for each community. While many of the estimates are calculated based on historical and projected trends, all estimates are subjective and change from market to market and community to community as market and economic conditions change. The determination of fair value also requires discounting the estimated cash flows at a rate we believe a market participant would determine to be commensurate with the inherent risks associated with the assets and related estimated cash flow streams. The discount rate used in determining each asset’s fair value depends on the community’s projected life and development stage. We generally use a discount rate of approximately 20%, subject to the perceived risks associated with the community’s cash flow streams relative to its inventory.
We estimate the fair value of inventory evaluated for impairment based on market conditions and assumptions made by management at the time the inventory is evaluated, which may differ materially from actual results if market conditions or our assumptions change. For example, changes in market conditions and other specific developments or changes in assumptions may cause us to re-evaluate our strategy regarding previously impaired inventory, as well as inventory not currently impaired but for which indicators of impairment may arise if market deterioration occurs, and certain other assets that could result in further valuation adjustments and/or additional write-offs of option deposits and pre-acquisition costs due to abandonment of those options contracts.
We also have access to land inventory through option contracts, which generally enables us to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties and unconsolidated entities until we have determined whether to exercise our options. A majority of our option contracts require a non-refundable cash deposit or irrevocable letter of credit based on a percentage of the purchase price of the land. In determining whether to walk-away from an option contract, we evaluate the option primarily based upon the expected cash flows from the property under option.
Our investments in option contracts are recorded at cost unless those investments are determined to be impaired, in which case our investments are written down to fair value. We review option contracts for indicators of impairment during each reporting period. The most significant indicator of impairment is a decline in the fair value of the optioned property such that

the purchase and development of the optioned property would no longer meet our targeted return on investment with appropriate consideration given to the length of time available to exercise the option. Such declines could be caused by a variety of factors including increased competition, decreases in demand or changes in local regulations that adversely impact the cost of development. Changes in any of these factors would cause us to re-evaluate the likelihood of exercising our land options.
If we intend to walk-away from an option contract, we record a charge to earnings in the period such decision is made for the deposit amount and any related pre-acquisition costs associated with the option contract.
We believe that the accounting related to inventory valuation and impairment is a critical accounting policy because: (1) assumptions inherent in the valuation of our inventory are highly subjective and susceptible to change and (2) the impact of recognizing impairments on our inventory has been and could continue to be material to our consolidated financial statements.

Our evaluation of inventory impairment, as discussed above, includes many assumptions. The critical assumptions include the timing of the home sales within a community, management’s projections of selling prices and costs and the discount rate applied to estimate the fair value of the homesites within a community on the balance sheet date. Our assumptions on the timing of home sales are critical because the homebuilding industry has historically been cyclical and sensitive to changes in economic conditions such as interest rates, credit availability, unemployment levels and consumer sentiment. Changes in these economic conditions could materially affect the projected sales price, costs to develop the homesites and/or absorption rate in a community. Our assumptions on discount rates are critical because the selection of a discount rate affects the estimated fair value of the homesites within a community. A higher discount rate reduces the estimated fair value of the homesites within the community, while a lower discount rate increases the estimated fair value of the homesites within a community. Because of changes in economic and market conditions and assumptions and estimates required of management in valuing inventory during changing market conditions, actual results could differ materially from management’s assumptions and may require material inventory impairment charges to be recorded in the future.
Product Warranty
Although we subcontract virtually all aspects of construction to others and our contracts call for the subcontractors to repair or replace any deficient items related to their trades, we are primarily responsible to homebuyers to correct any deficiencies. Additionally, in some instances, we may be held responsible for the actions of or losses incurred by subcontractors. Warranty and similar reserves for homes are established at an amount estimated to be adequate to cover potential costs for materials and labor with regard to warranty-type claims expected to be incurred subsequent to the delivery of a home. Reserves are determined based upon historical data and trends with respect to similar product types and geographical areas. We believe the accounting estimate related to the reserve for warranty costs is a critical accounting estimate because the estimate requires a large degree of judgment.
At November 30, 20172018, the reserve for warranty costs was $164.6$319.1 million, which included $16.0$3.1 million of adjustments to pre-existing warranties from changes in estimates during the current year primarily related to specific claims related to certain of our homebuilding communities and other adjustments as well as $6.3$141.0 million of warranties assumed related to the WCICalAtlantic acquisition. While we believe that the reserve for warranty costs is adequate, there can be no assurances that historical data and trends will accurately predict our actual warranty costs. Additionally, there can be no assurances that future economic or financial developments might not lead to a significant change in the reserve.
Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
We strategically invest in unconsolidated entities that acquire and develop land (1) for our homebuilding operations or for sale to third parties, (2) for construction of homes for sale to third-party homebuyers or (3) for the construction and sale of multifamily rental properties. Our Lennar Homebuilding partners generally are unrelated homebuilders, land owners/developers and financial or other strategic partners. Additionally in recent years, we have invested in technology companies that are looking to improve the homebuilding and financial services industry in order to better serve our customers and increase efficiencies. Our Lennar Multifamily partners are all financial partners.
Most of the unconsolidated entities through which we acquire and develop land are accounted for by the equity method of accounting because we are not the primary beneficiary or a de-facto agent, and we have a significant, but less than controlling, interest in the entities. We record our investments in these entities in our consolidated balance sheets as "Lennar Homebuilding or Lennar Multifamily Investments in Unconsolidated Entities" and our pro-rata share of the entities’ earnings or losses in our consolidated statements of operations as "Lennar Homebuilding or Lennar Multifamily Equity in Earnings (Loss) from Unconsolidated Entities," as described in Note 5 and Note 109 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements. For most unconsolidated entities, we generally have the right to share in earnings and distributions on a pro-rata basis based upon ownership percentages. However, certain Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities and all of our Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities provide for a different allocation of profit and cash distributions if and when cumulative results of the joint venture exceed specified targets (such as a specified internal rate of return). Advances to these entities are included in the investment balance.

Management looks at specific criteria and uses its judgment when determining if we are the primary beneficiary of, or have a controlling interest in, an unconsolidated entity. Factors considered in determining whether we have significant influence or we have control include risk and reward sharing, experience and financial condition of the other partners, voting rights, involvement in day-to-day capital and operating decisions and continuing involvement. The accounting policy relating to the use of the equity method of accounting is a critical accounting policy due to the judgment required in determining whether we are the primary beneficiary or have control or significant influence.
As of November 30, 2017, weWe believe that the equity method of accounting is appropriate for our investments in unconsolidated entities where we are not the primary beneficiary and we do not have a controlling interest, but rather share control with our partners. At November 30, 2017,2018, the Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities in which we had investments had total assets of $5.8 $6.3

billion and total liabilities of $1.6$2.1 billion. At November 30, 2017,2018, the Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities in which we had investments had total assets of $3.0$3.8 billion and total liabilities of $1.1$1.6 billion.
We evaluate the long-lived assets in unconsolidated entities for indicators of impairment during each reporting period. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate that a decrease in the fair value of our investment in the unconsolidated entity below its carrying amount has occurred which is other-than-temporary. The amount of impairment recognized is the excess of the investment’s carrying amount over its estimated fair value.
The evaluation of our investment in unconsolidated entities includes certain critical assumptions: (1) projected future distributions from the unconsolidated entities, (2) discount rates applied to the future distributions and (3) various other factors.
Our assumptions on the projected future distributions from unconsolidated entities are dependent on market conditions. Specifically, distributions are dependent on cash to be generated from the sale of inventory by the Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities or operating assets by the Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities. Such long-lived assets are also reviewed for potential impairment by the unconsolidated entities. The unconsolidated entities generally also use a discount rate of between 10% and 20% in their reviews for impairment, subject to the perceived risks associated with the community’s cash flow streams relative to its inventory. If a valuation adjustment is recorded by an unconsolidated entity related to its assets, our proportionate share is reflected in our Lennar Homebuilding or Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities with a corresponding decrease to our Lennar Homebuilding or Lennar Multifamily investment in unconsolidated entities. We believe our assumptions on the projected future distributions from the unconsolidated entities are critical because the operating results of the unconsolidated entities from which the projected distributions are derived are dependent on the status of the homebuilding industry, which has historically been cyclical and sensitive to changes in economic conditions such as interest rates, credit availability, unemployment levels and consumer sentiment. Changes in these economic conditions could materially affect the projected operational results of the unconsolidated entities from which the distributions are derived.
Additionally, we evaluate if a decrease in the value of an investment below its carrying amount is other than-temporary. This evaluation includes certain critical assumptions made by management and other factors such as age of the venture, intent and ability for us to recover our investment in the entity, financial condition and long-term prospects of the unconsolidated entity, short-term liquidity needs of the unconsolidated entity, trends in the general economic environment of the land, entitlement status of the land held by the unconsolidated entity, overall projected returns on investments, defaults under contracts with third parties (including bank debt), recoverability of the investment through future cash flows and relationships with the other partners and banks. If the decline in the fair value of the investment is other-than-temporary, then these losses are included in Lennar Homebuilding other income, net or Lennar Multifamily costs and expenses.
We believe our assumptions on discount rates are critical accounting policies because the selection of the discount rates affects the estimated fair value of our investments in unconsolidated entities. A higher discount rate reduces the estimated fair value of our investments in unconsolidated entities, while a lower discount rate increases the estimated fair value of our investments in unconsolidated entities. Because of changes in economic conditions, actual results could differ materially from management’s assumptions and may require material valuation adjustments to our investments in unconsolidated entities to be recorded in the future.
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
GAAP requires the consolidation of VIEs in which an enterprise has a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

Our variable interest in VIEs may be in the form of (1) equity ownership, (2) contracts to purchase assets, (3) management services and development agreements between us and a VIE, (4) loans provided by us to a VIE or other partner and/or (5) guarantees provided by members to banks and other third parties. We examine specific criteria and use our judgment when determining if we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE. Factors considered in determining whether we are the primary beneficiary include risk and reward sharing, experience and financial condition of other partner(s), voting rights, involvement in day-to-day capital and operating decisions, representation on a VIE’s executive committee, existence of unilateral kick-out rights or voting rights, level of economic disproportionality between us and the other partner(s) and contracts to purchase assets from VIEs.
Generally, all major decision making in our joint ventures is shared among all partners. In particular, business plans and budgets are generally required to be unanimously approved by all partners. Usually, management and other fees earned by us are nominal and believed to be at market and there is no significant economic disproportionality between us and other partners. Generally, we purchase less than a majority of the JV’s assets and the purchase prices under our option contracts are believed to be at market.

Generally, our unconsolidated entities become VIEs and consolidate when the other partner(s) lack the intent and financial wherewithal to remain in the entity. As a result, we continue to fund operations and debt paydowns through partner loans or substituted capital contributions. The accounting policy relating to variable interest entities is a critical accounting policy because the determination of whether an entity is a VIE and, if so, whether we are primary beneficiary may require us to exercise significant judgment.


Lennar Financial Services Operations
Revenue Recognition
Title premiums on policies issued directly by us are recognized as revenue on the effective date of the title policies and escrow fees and loan origination revenues are recognized at the time the related real estate transactions are completed, usually upon the close of escrow. Revenues from title policies issued by independent agents are recognized as revenue when notice of issuance is received from the agent, which is generally when cash payment is received by us. Expected gains and losses from the sale of loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings at the time of commitment. Interest income on loans held-for-sale and loans held-for-investment is recognized as earned over the terms of the mortgage loans based on the contractual interest rates. We believe that the accounting policy related to revenue recognition is a critical accounting policy because of the significance of revenue.
Loan Origination Liabilities
Substantially all of the loans our Lennar Financial Services segment originates are sold within a short period in the secondary mortgage market on a servicing released, non-recourse basis. After the loans are sold, we retain potential liability for possible claims by purchasers that we breached certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties related to loan sales. Over the last several years there has been an industry-wide effort by purchasers to defray their losses by purporting to have found inaccuracies related to sellers’ representations and warranties in particular loan sale agreements. A number of claims of that type have been brought against us. We do not believe these claims will have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our mortgage operations have established reserves for possible losses associated with mortgage loans previously originated and sold to investors. We establish reserves for such possible losses based upon, among other things, an analysis of repurchase requests received, an estimate of potential repurchase claims not yet received and actual past repurchases and losses through the disposition of affected loans, as well as previous settlements. While we believe that we have adequately reserved for known losses and projected repurchase requests, given the volatility in the mortgage industry and the uncertainty regarding the ultimate resolution of these claims, if either actual repurchases or the losses incurred resolving those repurchases exceed our expectations, additional recourse expense may be incurred. This allowance requires management’s judgment and estimates. For these reasons, we believe that the accounting estimate related to the loan origination losses is a critical accounting estimate.

Rialto Operations
Management Fee Revenue
Our Rialto segment provides services to a variety of legal entities and investment vehicles such as funds, joint ventures, co-invests, and other private equity structures to manage their respective investments. As a result, Rialto earns and receives management fees, underwriting fees and due diligence fees. These fees are included in Rialto revenues and are recorded over the period in which the services are performed, fees are determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Rialto receives investment management fees from investment vehicles based on 1) a percentage of committed or called capital during the commitment period and called capital after the commitment period ends and 2) a percentage of invested capital less the portion of such invested capital utilized to acquire investments that have been sold (in whole or in part) or liquidated. Fees

earned for underwriting and due diligence services are based on actual costs incurred. In certain situations, Rialto may earn additional fees when the return on assets managed exceeds contractually established thresholds. Such revenue is only booked when the contract terms are met, the contract is at, or near, completion and the amounts are known and collectability is reasonably assured. Since such revenue is recognized during the latter half of the life of the investment vehicle, after substantially all of the assets have been sold and investment gains and losses realized, the possibility of claw backs is limited. In addition, Rialto may also receive tax distributions in order to cover income tax obligations resulting from allocations of taxable income due to Rialto's carried interests in the Funds. These distributions are not subject to clawbacks and therefore are recorded as revenue when received.
We believe the way we record Rialto management fee revenue is a significant accounting policy because it represents a significant portion of our Rialto segment's revenues and is expected to continue to grow in the future as the segment manages more assets.
Rialto Mortgage Finance - Loans Held-for-Sale
The originated mortgage loans are classified as loans held-for-sale and are recorded at fair value. We elected the fair value option for RMF's loans held-for-sale in accordance with ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, which permits entities to measure various financial instruments and certain other items at fair value on a contract-by-contract basis. Changes in fair values of the loans are reflected in Rialto revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Interest income on these loans is calculated based on the interest rate of the loan and is recorded in Rialto revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Substantially all of the mortgage loans originated are sold within a short period of time in securitizations on a servicing released, non-recourse basis; although, we remain liable for certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties related to loan sales. We recognize revenue on the sale of loans into securitization trusts when control of the loans has been relinquished.
We believe this is a critical accounting policy due to the significant judgment involved in estimating the fair values of loans held-for-sale during the period between when the loans are originated and the time the loans are sold and because of its significance to our Rialto segment.
Real Estate Owned
REO represents real estate that our Rialto segment has taken control, or has effective control of, in partial or full satisfaction of loans receivable. At the time of acquisition of a property through foreclosure of a loan, REO is recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell if classified as held-for-sale or at fair value if classified as held-and-used, which becomes the property’s new basis. The fair values of these assets are determined in part by placing reliance on third-party appraisals of the properties and/or internally prepared analyses of recent offers or prices on comparable properties in the proximate vicinity. The third-party appraisals and internally developed analyses are significantly impacted by the local market economy, market supply and demand, competitive conditions and prices on comparable properties, adjusted for anticipated date of sale, location, property size, and other factors. Each REO is unique and is analyzed in the context of the particular market where the property is located. In order to establish the significant assumptions for a particular REO, we analyze historical trends, including trends achieved by our local homebuilding operations, if applicable, and current trends in the market and economy impacting the REO. Using available trend information, we then calculate our best estimate of fair value, which can include projected cash flows discounted at a rate we believe a market participant would determine to be commensurate with the inherent risks associated with the assets and related estimated cash flow streams.
Changes in economic factors, consumer demand and market conditions, among other things, could materially impact estimates used in the third-party appraisals and/or internally prepared analyses of recent offers or prices on comparable properties. Thus, estimates can differ significantly from the amounts ultimately realized by our Rialto segment from disposition of these assets. The amount by which the recorded investment in the loan is less than the REO’s fair value (net of estimated cost to sell if held-for-sale), is recorded as an unrealized gain on foreclosure in our consolidated statement of operations. The amount by which the recorded investment in the loan is greater than the REO’s fair value (net of estimated cost to sell if held-for-sale) is recorded as a provision for loan losses in our consolidated statement of operations.
Subsequent to obtaining REO via foreclosure or directly from a financial institution, management periodically performs valuations using the methodologies described above such that the real estate is carried at the lower of its carrying value or current fair value, less estimated costs to sell if classified as held-for-sale. Held-and-used assets are tested for recoverability whenever changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable, and impairment losses are recorded for any amount by which the carrying value exceeds its fair value. Any subsequent impairment losses, operating expenses or income, and gains and losses on disposition of such properties are also recognized in Rialto other income (expense), net. REO assets classified as held-and-used are depreciated using a useful life of forty years for commercial properties and twenty seven and a half years for residential properties. REO assets classified as held-for-sale are not depreciated. Occasionally, an asset will require certain improvements to yield a higher return. Construction costs incurred prior to acquisition or during development of the asset may be capitalized.

We believe that the accounting related to REO is a critical accounting policy because of the significant judgment required in the third-party appraisals and/or internally prepared analyses of recent offers or prices of comparable properties in the proximate vicinity used to estimate the fair value of REOs.
Consolidations of Variable Interest Entities
In 2010, our Rialto segment acquired indirectly 40% managing member equity interests in two LLCs, in partnership with the FDIC. We determined that each of the LLCs met the definition of a VIE and we were the primary beneficiary. In accordance with ASC 810-10-65-2, Consolidations, ("ASC 810-10-65-2"), we identified the activities that most significantly impact the LLCs’ economic performance and determined that we have the power to direct those activities. The economic performance of the LLCs is most significantly impacted by the performance of the LLCs’ portfolios of assets, which consist primarily of distressed residential and commercial mortgage loans. Thus, the activities that most significantly impact the LLCs’ economic performance are the servicing and disposition of mortgage loans and real estate obtained through foreclosure of loans, restructuring of loans, or other planned activities associated with the monetizing of loans.
The FDIC does not have the unilateral power to terminate our role in managing the LLCs and servicing the loan portfolios. While the FDIC has the right to prevent certain types of transactions (i.e., bulk sales, selling assets with recourse back to the selling entity, selling assets with representations and warranties and financing the sales of assets without the FDIC’s approval), the FDIC does not have full voting or blocking rights over the LLCs’ activities, making their voting rights protective in nature, not substantive participating voting rights. Other than as described in the preceding sentence, which are not the primary activities of the LLCs, we can cause the LLCs to enter into both the disposition and restructuring of loans without any involvement of the FDIC. Additionally, the FDIC has no voting rights with regard to the operation/management of the operating properties that are acquired upon foreclosure of loans (e.g. REO) and no voting rights over the business plans of the LLCs. The FDIC can make suggestions regarding the business plans, but we can decide not to follow the FDIC’s suggestions and not to incorporate them in the business plans. Since the FDIC’s voting rights are protective in nature and not substantive participating voting rights, we have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the LLCs’ economic performance.
In accordance with ASC 810-10-65-2, we determined that we had an obligation to absorb losses of the LLCs that could potentially be significant to the LLCs or the right to receive benefits from the LLCs that could potentially be significant to the LLCs based on the following factors:
Rialto/Lennar owns 40% of the equity of the LLCs and has the power to direct the activities of the LLCs that most significantly impact their economic performance through loan resolutions and the sale of REO.
Rialto/Lennar has a management/servicer contract under which we earn a 0.5% servicing fee.
Rialto/Lennar has guaranteed, as the servicer, its obligations under the servicing agreement up to $10 million.
We are aware that the FDIC, as the owner of 60% of the equity of each of the LLCs, may also have an obligation to absorb losses of the LLCs that could potentially be significant to the LLCs. However, in accordance with ASC 810-10-25-38A, only one enterprise, if any, is expected to be identified as the primary beneficiary of a VIE.
Since both criteria for consolidation in ASC 810-10-65-2 are met, we consolidated the LLCs. We believe that our assessment that we are the primary beneficiary of the LLCs is a critical accounting policy because of the significant judgment required in evaluating all of the key factors and circumstances in determining the primary beneficiary.


Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
We are exposed to a number of market risks in the ordinary course of business. Our primary market risk exposure relates to fluctuations in interest rates on our investments, loans held-for-sale, loans held-for-investment and outstanding variable rate debt.
For fixed rate debt, such as our senior notes, changes in interest rates generally affect the fair value of the debt instrument, but not our earnings or cash flows. For variable rate debt such as our unsecured revolving credit facility and Lennar Financial Services’ and Rialto’sRMF’s warehouse repurchase facilities, changes in interest rates generally do not affect the fair value of the outstanding borrowings on the debt facilities, but do affect our earnings and cash flows.

In our Lennar Financial Services operations, we utilize mortgage backed securities forward commitments, option contracts and investor commitments to protect the value of rate-locked commitments and loans held-for-sale from fluctuations in mortgage-related interest rates.
To mitigate interest risk associated with Rialto’sRMF's loans held-for-sale, we use derivative financial instruments to hedge our exposure to risk from the time a borrower locks a loan until the time the loan is securitized. We hedge our interest rate exposure through entering into interest rate swap futures. We also manage a portion of our credit exposure by buying protection within the CMBX and CDX markets.
We do not enter into or hold derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.

The table below provides information at November 30, 20172018 about our significant instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates. For loans held-for-investment, net and investments held-to-maturity, senior notes and other debts payable and notes and other debts payable, the table presents principal cash flows and related weighted average effective interest rates by expected maturity dates and estimated fair values at November 30, 2017.2018. Weighted average variable interest rates are based on the variable interest rates at November 30, 2017.2018.
See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 and Notes 1 and 15 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 for a further discussion of these items and our strategy of mitigating our interest rate risk.
Information Regarding Interest Rate Sensitivity
Principal (Notional) Amount by
Expected Maturity and Average Interest Rate
November 30, 20172018
Years Ending November 30,     
Fair Value at
November 30,
Years Ending November 30,     
Fair Value at
November 30,
(Dollars in millions)2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Thereafter Total 20172019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter Total 2018
ASSETS                              
Rialto:                              
Investments held-to-maturity:                              
Fixed rate$
 
 19.5
 
 
 160.1
 179.6
 199.2
$
 18.5
 
 
 
 178.5
 197.0
 222.8
Average interest rate
 
 4.0% 
 
 2.7% 3.4% 

 4.0% 
 
 
 2.7% 3.3% 
Lennar Financial Services:                              
Loans held-for-investment, net and investments held-to-maturity:                              
Fixed rate$32.9
 19.7
 8.8
 2.2
 1.4
 28.5
 93.5
 91.1
$45.0
 13.0
 5.5
 2.4
 1.8
 49.8
 117.5
 111.5
Average interest rate2.5% 2.3% 2.3% 5.2% 4.8% 4.3% 3.1% 
2.8% 3.1% 4.3% 4.7% 4.3% 4.1% 3.5% 
Variable rate$0.1
 0.1
 0.1
 0.1
 0.1
 2.5
 3.0
 2.9
$0.1
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 4.3
 5.2
 4.6
Average interest rate3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 
3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 
LIABILITIES                              
Lennar Homebuilding:                              
Senior notes and other debts payable:                              
Fixed rate$357.6
 1,477.9
 345.8
 523.0
 1,192.3
 2,511.4
 6,408.0
 6,593.9
$1,270.5
 714.1
 962.7
 1,745.1
 64.4
 3,674.8
 8,431.6
 8,299.1
Average interest rate5.7% 4.4% 2.7% 4.6% 4.4% 4.7% 4.5% 
4.3% 4.2% 6.2% 4.9% 5.2% 4.9% 4.9% 
Variable rate$
 4.1
 25.3
 11.1
 
 
 40.5
 43.4
$
 24.9
 10.7
 
 
 
 35.6
 37.1
Average interest rate
 4.9% 4.4% 3.4% 
 
 4.1% 

 5.3% 4.4% 
 
 
 5.0% 
Rialto:                              
Notes and other debts payable:                              
Fixed rate$1.7
 350.0
 
 1.1
 11.4
 86.9
 451.1
 462.4
$1.9
 
 1.1
 15.6
 
 115.7
 134.3
 135.0
Average interest rate6.2% 6.2% 
 3.3% 3.3% 3.3% 5.3% 
3.2% 
 3.3% 3.3% 
 3.3% 3.3% 
Variable rate$182.2
 
 
 
 
 
 182.2
 182.2
$191.4
 
 
 
 
 
 191.4
 191.4
Average interest rate3.8% 
 
 
 
 
 3.8% 
4.6% 
 
 
 
 
 4.6% 
Lennar Financial Services:                              
Notes and other debts payable:                              
Variable rate$937.3
 0.1
 
 
 
 
 937.4
 937.4
$1,256.2
 
 
 
 
 
 1,256.2
 1,256.2
Average interest rate3.6% 4.0% 
 
 
 
 3.6% 
4.5% 
 
 
 
 
 4.5% 



Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Lennar Corporation
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Lennar Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016, and2017, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2017. 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2018, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated January 28, 2019, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’sCompany's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includesmisstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supportingregarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An auditOur audits also includes assessingincluded evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statement presentation.statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Lennar Corporation and subsidiaries as of November 30, 2017 and 2016, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2017, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated January 24, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ DELOITTEDeloitte & TOUCHETouche LLP
Certified Public Accountants
Miami, Florida
January 24, 201828, 2019



We have served as the Company's auditor since 1994.

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
November 30, 20172018 and 20162017
2017 (1) 2016 (1)2018 (1) 2017 (1)
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
ASSETS      
Lennar Homebuilding:      
Cash and cash equivalents$2,282,925
 1,050,138
$1,337,807
 2,282,925
Restricted cash8,740
 5,977
12,399
 8,740
Receivables, net137,667
 106,976
236,841
 137,667
Inventories:      
Finished homes and construction in progress4,676,279
 3,951,716
8,681,357
 4,676,279
Land and land under development5,791,338
 5,106,191
8,178,388
 5,791,338
Consolidated inventory not owned393,273
 121,019
208,959
 393,273
Total inventories10,860,890
 9,178,926
17,068,704
 10,860,890
Investments in unconsolidated entities900,769
 811,723
996,926
 900,769
Goodwill136,566
 
3,442,359
 136,566
Other assets863,404
 651,028
1,355,782
 863,404
15,190,961
 11,804,768
24,450,818
 15,190,961
Lennar Financial Services1,689,508
 1,754,672
2,346,899
 1,689,508
Lennar Multifamily874,219
 710,725
Rialto1,153,840
 1,276,210
894,245
 1,153,840
Lennar Multifamily710,725
 526,131
Total assets$18,745,034
 15,361,781
$28,566,181
 18,745,034
(1)
Under certain provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 810, Consolidations, ("ASC 810") the Company is required to separately disclose on its consolidated balance sheets the assets of consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") that are owned by the consolidated VIEs and liabilities of consolidated VIEs as to which there is no recourse against the Company.
As of November 30, 20172018, total assets include $799.4$666.2 million related to consolidated VIEs of which $15.8$57.6 million is included in Lennar Homebuilding cash and cash equivalents, $0.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding receivables, net, $81.7 million in Lennar Homebuilding finished homes and construction in progress, $293.1 million in Lennar Homebuilding land and land under development, $209.0 million in Lennar Homebuilding consolidated inventory not owned, $3.8 million in Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities, $10.5 million in Lennar Homebuilding other assets and $10.3 million in Rialto assets.
As of November 30, 2017, total assets include $799.4 million related to consolidated VIEs of which $15.8 million is included in Lennar Homebuilding cash and cash equivalents, $0.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding receivables, net, $53.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding finished homes and construction in progress, $229.0$229.0 million in Lennar Homebuilding land and land under development, $393.3$393.3 million in Lennar Homebuilding consolidated inventory not owned, $4.6$4.6 million in Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities, $11.8$11.8 million in Lennar Homebuilding other assets, $48.8 million in Rialto assets and $42.7 million in Lennar Multifamily assets.
As of November 30, 2016, total assets include $536.3 million related to consolidated VIEs of which $13.3 million is included in Lennar Homebuilding cash and cash equivalents, $0.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding receivables, net, $54.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding finished homes and construction in progress, $106.3 million in Lennar Homebuilding land and land under development, $121.0 million in Lennar Homebuilding consolidated inventory not owned, $4.6 million in Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities, $13.9 million in Lennar Homebuilding other assets, $213.8$48.8 million in Rialto assets and $8.8 million in Lennar Multifamily assets.



LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
November 30, 20172018 and 20162017
2017 (2) 2016 (2)2018 (2) 2017 (2)
(Dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts)(Dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts)
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY      
Lennar Homebuilding:      
Accounts payable$604,953
 478,546
$1,154,782
 604,953
Liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned380,720
 110,006
175,590
 380,720
Senior notes and other debts payable6,410,003
 4,575,977
8,543,868
 6,410,003
Other liabilities1,315,641
 841,449
1,902,658
 1,315,641
8,711,317
 6,005,978
11,776,898
 8,711,317
Lennar Financial Services1,177,814
 1,318,283
1,537,760
 1,177,814
Lennar Multifamily170,616
 149,715
Rialto720,056
 707,980
397,950
 720,056
Lennar Multifamily149,715
 117,973
Total liabilities10,758,902
 8,150,214
13,883,224
 10,758,902
Stockholders’ equity:      
Preferred stock
 

 
Class A common stock of $0.10 par value per share; Authorized: 2017 and 2016 - 300,000,000 shares; Issued: 2017 - 205,429,942 shares; 2016 - 204,089,447 shares20,543
 20,409
Class B common stock of $0.10 par value per share; Authorized: 2017 and 2016 - 90,000,000 shares, Issued: 2017 - 37,687,505 shares; 2016 - 32,982,815 shares3,769
 3,298
Class A common stock of $0.10 par value per share; Authorized: 2018 - 400,000,000 shares; 2017 - 300,000,000 shares; Issued: 2018 - 294,992,562 shares; 2017 - 205,429,942 shares29,499
 20,543
Class B common stock of $0.10 par value per share; Authorized: 2018 and 2017 - 90,000,000 shares, Issued: 2018 - 39,442,219 shares; 2017 - 37,687,505 shares3,944
 3,769
Additional paid-in capital3,142,013
 2,805,349
8,496,677
 3,142,013
Retained earnings4,840,978
 4,306,256
6,487,650
 4,840,978
Treasury stock, at cost; 2017 - 1,473,590 shares of Class A common stock and 1,679,650 shares of Class B common stock; 2016 - 917,449 shares of Class A common stock and 1,679,620 shares of Class B common stock(136,020) (108,961)
Treasury stock, at cost; 2018 - 8,498,203 shares of Class A common stock and 1,698,424 shares of Class B common stock; 2017 - 1,473,590 shares of Class A common stock and 1,679,650 shares of Class B common stock(435,869) (136,020)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)1,034
 (309)(366) 1,034
Total stockholders’ equity7,872,317
 7,026,042
14,581,535
 7,872,317
Noncontrolling interests113,815
 185,525
101,422
 113,815
Total equity7,986,132
 7,211,567
14,682,957
 7,986,132
Total liabilities and equity$18,745,034
 15,361,781
$28,566,181
 18,745,034
(2)As of November 30, 2017,2018, total liabilities include $389.7$242.5 million related to consolidated VIEs as to which there was no recourse against the Company, of which $5.0$11.4 million is included in Lennar Homebuilding accounts payable, $380.7$51.9 million in Lennar Homebuilding senior notes and other debts payable, $175.6 million in Lennar Homebuilding liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned, $1.8$2.6 million in Lennar Homebuilding other liabilities and $2.2$1.0 million in Rialto liabilities.
As of November 30, 20162017, total liabilities include $126.4389.7 million related to consolidated VIEs as to which there was no recourse against the Company, of which $3.65.0 million is included in Lennar Homebuilding accounts payable, $110.0380.7 million in Lennar Homebuilding liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned, $2.51.8 million in Lennar Homebuilding other liabilities, $10.32.2 million in Rialto liabilities.

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Years Ended November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016
 2018 2017 2016
 (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues:     
Lennar Homebuilding$19,077,597
 11,200,242
 9,741,337
Lennar Financial Services867,831
 770,109
 687,255
Lennar Multifamily421,132
 394,771
 287,441
Rialto205,071
 281,243
 233,966
Total revenues20,571,631
 12,646,365
 10,949,999
Costs and expenses:     
Lennar Homebuilding16,936,873
 9,752,269
 8,399,881
Lennar Financial Services680,401
 614,585
 523,638
Lennar Multifamily429,759
 407,078
 301,786
Rialto190,413
 247,549
 229,769
Acquisition and integration costs related to CalAtlantic152,980
 
 
Corporate general and administrative343,934
 285,889
 232,562
Total costs and expenses18,734,360
 11,307,370
 9,687,636
Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities(91,915) (61,708) (49,275)
Lennar Homebuilding other income, net205,841
 22,774
 52,751
Lennar Homebuilding loss due to litigation
 (140,000) 
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities and other gain51,322
 85,739
 85,519
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities25,816
 25,447
 18,961
Rialto other expense, net(62,058) (81,636) (39,850)
Gain on sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform296,407
 
 
Earnings before income taxes2,262,684
 1,189,611
 1,330,469
Provision for income taxes (1)(545,171) (417,857) (417,378)
Net earnings (including net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests)1,717,513
 771,754
 913,091
Less: Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests21,682
 (38,726) 1,247
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$1,695,831
 810,480
 911,844
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:     
Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale(1,634) 1,331
 (295)
Reclassification adjustments for (gains) loss included in net
    earnings
234
 12
 (53)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax$(1,400) 1,343
 (348)
Total comprehensive income attributable to Lennar$1,694,431
 811,823
 911,496
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling
   interests
$21,682
 (38,726) 1,247
Basic earnings per share$5.46
 3.38
 4.05
Diluted earnings per share$5.44
 3.38
 3.86
 2017 2016 2015
 (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues:     
Lennar Homebuilding$11,200,242
 9,741,337
 8,466,945
Lennar Financial Services770,109
 687,255
 620,527
Rialto281,243
 233,966
 221,923
Lennar Multifamily394,771
 287,441
 164,613
Total revenues12,646,365
 10,949,999
 9,474,008
Costs and expenses:     
Lennar Homebuilding9,752,269
 8,399,881
 7,264,839
Lennar Financial Services614,585
 523,638
 492,732
Rialto247,549
 229,769
 222,875
Lennar Multifamily407,078
 301,786
 191,302
Corporate general and administrative285,889
 232,562
 216,244
Total costs and expenses11,307,370
 9,687,636
 8,387,992
Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities(61,708) (49,275) 63,373
Lennar Homebuilding other income, net22,774
 52,751
 6,162
Lennar Homebuilding loss due to litigation(140,000) 
 
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities25,447
 18,961
 22,293
Rialto other income (expense), net(81,636) (39,850) 12,254
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities85,739
 85,519
 19,518
Earnings before income taxes1,189,611
 1,330,469
 1,209,616
Provision for income taxes(417,857) (417,378) (390,416)
Net earnings (including net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests)771,754
 913,091
 819,200
Less: Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests(38,726) 1,247
 16,306
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$810,480
 911,844
 802,894
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:     
Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale1,331
 (295) (65)
Reclassification adjustments for (gains) loss included in net
    earnings
12
 (53) (26)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax$1,343
 (348) (91)
Total comprehensive income attributable to Lennar$811,823
 911,496
 802,803
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling
   interests
$(38,726) 1,247
 16,306
Basic earnings per share (1)$3.38
 4.05
 3.78
Diluted earnings per share (1)$3.38
 3.86
 3.39

(1)BasicProvision for income taxes for the year ended November 30, 2018 includes a non-cash one-time write down of deferred tax assets of $68.6 million resulting from the Tax Cuts and diluted average shares outstanding and earnings per share calculations have been adjusted to reflect 4.7 million Class B shares distributed as a part of the stock dividend on November 27,Jobs Act enacted in December 2017.



LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTSTATEMENTS OF EQUITY
Years Ended November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016
2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Class A common stock:          
Beginning balance$20,409
 18,066
 17,424
$20,543
 20,409
 18,066
Employee stock and director plans134
 124
 122
183
 134
 124
Stock issuance in connection with CalAtlantic acquisition8,408
 
 
Conversion of convertible senior notes to shares of Class A common stock
 2,219
 520
365
 
 2,219
Balance at November 30,20,543
 20,409
 18,066
29,499
 20,543
 20,409
Class B common stock:          
Beginning balance3,298
 3,298
 3,298
3,769
 3,298
 3,298
Stock dividends - Class B common stock471
 
 

 471
 
Stock issuance in connection with CalAtlantic acquisition168
 
 
Conversion of convertible senior notes to shares of Class B common stock7
 
 
Balance at November 30,3,769
 3,298
 3,298
3,944
 3,769
 3,298
Additional paid-in capital:          
Beginning balance2,805,349
 2,305,560
 2,239,574
3,142,013
 2,805,349
 2,305,560
Employee stock and director plans2,086
 1,487
 1,451
3,797
 2,086
 1,487
Stock issuance in connection with CalAtlantic acquisition5,061,430
 
 
Tax benefit from employee stock plans, vesting of restricted stock and conversion of convertible senior notes35,543
 45,803
 21,313

 35,543
 45,803
Amortization of restricted stock61,356
 55,516
 43,742
72,655
 61,356
 55,516
Conversion of convertible senior notes to shares of Class A common stock
 396,983
 (520)216,782
 
 396,983
Stock dividends - Class B common stock237,679
 
 

 237,679
 
Balance at November 30,3,142,013
 2,805,349
 2,305,560
8,496,677
 3,142,013
 2,805,349
Retained earnings:          
Beginning balance4,306,256
 3,429,736
 2,660,034
4,840,978
 4,306,256
 3,429,736
Net earnings attributable to Lennar810,480
 911,844
 802,894
1,695,831
 810,480
 911,844
Cash dividends - Class A common stock ($0.16 per share)(32,600) (30,315) (28,183)(43,195) (32,600) (30,315)
Cash dividends - Class B common stock ($0.16 per share)(5,008) (5,009) (5,009)(5,964) (5,008) (5,009)
Stock dividends - Class B common stock(238,150) 
 

 (238,150) 
Balance at November 30,4,840,978
 4,306,256
 3,429,736
6,487,650
 4,840,978
 4,306,256
Treasury stock, at cost:          
Beginning balance(108,961) (107,755) (93,440)(136,020) (108,961) (107,755)
Employee stock and directors plans(27,059) (1,206) (14,315)(49,939) (27,059) (1,206)
Purchases of treasury stock(249,910) 
 
Balance at November 30,(136,020) (108,961) (107,755)(435,869) (136,020) (108,961)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):          
Beginning balance(309) 39
 130
1,034
 (309) 39
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax1,343
 (348) (91)(1,400) 1,343
 (348)
Balance at November 30,1,034
 (309) 39
(366) 1,034
 (309)
Total stockholders’ equity7,872,317
 7,026,042
 5,648,944
14,581,535
 7,872,317
 7,026,042
Noncontrolling interests:          
Beginning balance185,525
 301,128
 424,282
113,815
 185,525
 301,128
Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests(38,726) 1,247
 16,306
21,682
 (38,726) 1,247
Receipts related to noncontrolling interests5,786
 353
 1,296
18,126
 5,786
 353
Payments related to noncontrolling interests(74,372) (127,410) (133,374)(89,575) (74,372) (127,410)
Non-cash distributions to noncontrolling interests
 (5,033) 

 
 (5,033)
Non-cash consolidations (deconsolidations), net37,292
 12,478
 (13,253)
Non-cash purchase or activity of noncontrolling interests(1,690) 2,762
 5,871
Non-cash consolidations, net
 37,292
 12,478
Non-cash purchase or activity of noncontrolling interests, net37,374
 (1,690) 2,762
Balance at November 30,113,815
 185,525
 301,128
101,422
 113,815
 185,525
Total equity$7,986,132
 7,211,567
 5,950,072
$14,682,957
 7,986,132
 7,211,567

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years Ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 20152016
2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:          
Net earnings (including net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests)$771,754
 913,091
 819,200
$1,717,513
 771,754
 913,091
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:     
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:     
Depreciation and amortization66,324
 50,219
 43,666
91,181
 66,324
 50,219
Amortization of discount/premium on debt, net11,312
 14,619
 19,874
(23,544) 11,312
 14,619
Equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities(49,478) (55,205) (105,184)
Equity in loss (earnings) from unconsolidated entities30,518
 (49,478) (55,205)
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities137,669
 101,965
 60,753
113,096
 137,669
 101,965
Share-based compensation expense61,356
 55,516
 43,873
72,655
 61,356
 55,516
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards(1,981) (7,039) (113)
 (1,981) (7,039)
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)91,050
 97,485
 (5,637)
Deferred income tax expense268,037
 91,050
 97,485
Loss on retirement of debt and notes payable
 1,569
 3,632

 
 1,569
Gain on sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform(296,407) 
 
Gain on sale of operating properties and equipment(10,339) (14,457) (5,945)(11,499) (10,339) (14,457)
Gain on sale of interest in unconsolidated entity(164,880) 
 
Unrealized and realized gains on real estate owned(5,119) (21,380) (36,380)(3,734) (5,119) (21,380)
Gain on sale of other assets (investment carried at cost)(2,450) 
 
Gain on sale of other assets (investment carried at cost)/CMBS bonds(464) (2,450) 
Impairments of loans receivable and real estate owned97,786
 45,201
 25,179
39,053
 97,786
 45,201
Valuation adjustments and write-offs of option deposits and pre-acquisition costs, other receivables and other assets16,339
 11,283
 31,002
49,338
 16,339
 11,283
Changes in assets and liabilities:          
Decrease in restricted cash14,490
 9,716
 20,876
16,132
 14,490
 9,716
Decrease (increase) in receivables253,111
 (260,844) (86,432)
(Increase) decrease in receivables(431,183) 253,111
 (260,844)
Increase in inventories, excluding valuation adjustments and write-offs of option deposits and pre-acquisition costs(661,494) (503,527) (1,126,907)(135,870) (661,494) (503,527)
Increase in other assets(44,535) (41,933) (28,154)(36,934) (44,535) (41,933)
(Increase) decrease in loans held-for-sale(105,600) 90,093
 (318,739)
Decrease (increase) in loans held-for-sale5,805
 (105,600) 90,093
Increase in accounts payable and other liabilities356,669
 21,432
 225,790
412,796
 356,669
 21,432
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities996,864
 507,804
 (419,646)
Net cash provided by operating activities$1,711,609
 996,864
 507,804
Cash flows from investing activities:          
(Increase) decrease in restricted cash related to investments or LOCs(18,000) 
 2,030
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash related to investments or LOCs10,825
 (18,000) 
Net additions to operating properties and equipment(111,773) (76,439) (91,355)(130,439) (111,773) (76,439)
Proceeds from the sale of operating properties and equipment60,326
 25,288
 73,732
38,633
 60,326
 25,288
Proceeds from sale of investments in unconsolidated entities225,267
 
 
Investments in and contributions to unconsolidated entities(430,304) (425,761) (314,937)(405,547) (430,304) (425,761)
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities207,327
 323,190
 218,996
362,516
 207,327
 323,190
Proceeds from sales of real estate owned86,565
 97,871
 155,295
32,221
 86,565
 97,871
Improvements to real estate owned(1,294) (1,906) (8,477)
Receipts of principal payments on loans held-for-sale11,251
 
 

 11,251
 
Receipts of principal payments on loans receivable and other165,413
 84,433
 28,389
4,339
 165,413
 84,433
Purchases of loans receivable and real estate owned(148) (548) (3,228)
Originations of loans receivable(98,375) (56,507) (78,703)
 (98,375) (56,507)
Purchase of investment carried at cost
 
 (18,000)
Proceeds from sale of other assets (investment carried at cost)3,610
 
 

 3,610
 
Purchases of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds(107,262) (42,436) (13,973)(31,068) (107,262) (42,436)
Proceeds from sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform340,000
 
 
Proceeds from sale of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds
 
 7,014
14,222
 
 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired(611,103) (725) 
(1,103,275) (611,103) (725)
Purchases of Lennar Homebuilding investments available-for-sale
 
 (28,093)
Proceeds from sales of Lennar Homebuilding investments available-for-sale
 541
 
Proceeds from sales of investments available-for-sale
 
 541
Decrease (increase) in Lennar Financial Services held-for-investment, net(14,257) 963
 (5,022)(3,603) (14,257) 963
Purchases of Lennar Financial Services investment securities(53,558) (37,764) (45,687)(47,305) (53,558) (37,764)
Proceeds from maturities/sales of Lennar Financial Services investment securities41,765
 23,963
 23,626
Proceeds from maturities/sales of investment securities85,237
 41,765
 23,963
Other payments, net(145) (1,442) (2,454)
Net cash used in investing activities$(869,817) (85,837) (98,393)$(608,122) (869,817) (85,837)
          
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
Years Ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 20152016
 2017 2016 2015
 (In thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:     
Net (repayments) borrowings under warehouse facilities$(199,684) 107,465
 366,290
Proceeds from senior notes2,450,000
 499,024
 1,146,647
Debt issuance costs(28,590) (4,740) (11,807)
Redemption of senior notes(1,058,595) (250,000) (500,000)
Conversions and exchanges on convertible senior notes
 (234,028) (212,107)
Proceeds from Rialto notes payable99,630
 
 
Principal payments on Rialto notes payable including structured notes(24,964) (39,026) (58,923)
Proceeds from other borrowings31,230
 37,163
 101,618
Proceeds from other liabilities195,541
 
 
Principal payments on other borrowings(139,725) (210,968) (258,108)
Receipts related to noncontrolling interests5,786
 353
 1,296
Payments related to noncontrolling interests(74,372) (127,410) (133,374)
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards1,981
 7,039
 113
Common stock:     
Issuances720
 19,471
 9,405
Repurchases(27,054) (19,902) (23,188)
Dividends(37,608) (35,324) (33,192)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities1,194,296
 (250,883) 394,670
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents1,321,343
 171,084
 (123,369)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year1,329,529
 1,158,445
 1,281,814
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$2,650,872
 1,329,529
 1,158,445
Summary of cash and cash equivalents:     
Lennar Homebuilding$2,282,925
 1,050,138
 893,408
Rialto241,861
 148,827
 150,219
Lennar Financial Services117,410
 123,964
 106,777
Lennar Multifamily8,676
 6,600
 8,041
 $2,650,872
 1,329,529
 1,158,445
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:     
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized$89,485
 66,570
 87,132
Cash paid for income taxes, net$199,557
 374,731
 336,796
      
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:     
Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily:     
Purchases of inventories, land under development and other assets financed by sellers$279,323
 101,504
 66,819
Net non-cash contributions to unconsolidated entities$62,618
 107,935
 205,327
Conversion of convertible senior notes to equity$
 399,206
 
Inventory acquired in satisfaction of other assets including investments available-for-sale$
 
 28,093
Inventory acquired in partner buyout$
 
 64,440
Non-cash sale of operating properties and equipment$
 
 (59,397)
Rialto:     
Real estate owned acquired in satisfaction/partial satisfaction of loans receivable$1,140
 8,476
 17,248
Consolidation/deconsolidation of unconsolidated/consolidated entities, net:     
Inventories$48,656
 111,347
 
Operating properties and equipment and other assets$(1,716) 
 (17,421)
Investments in unconsolidated entities$(9,692) (2,445) 2,948
Liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned$
 (96,424) 
Other liabilities$44
 
 1,220
Noncontrolling interests$(37,292) (12,478) 13,253



 2018 2017 2016
 (In thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:     
Net repayments under revolving lines of credit$(454,700) 
 
Net borrowings (repayments) under warehouse facilities272,920
 (199,684) 107,465
Proceeds from senior notes
 2,450,000
 499,024
Debt issuance costs(14,661) (28,590) (4,740)
Redemption of senior notes(1,100,000) (1,058,595) (250,000)
Conversions and exchanges on convertible senior notes(59,145) 
 (234,028)
Proceeds from Rialto notes payable33,724
 99,630
 
Principal payments on Rialto notes payable including structured notes(359,016) (24,964) (39,026)
Proceeds from other borrowings44,374
 31,230
 37,163
(Payments) proceeds to/from other liabilities(3,542) 195,541
 
Principal payments on other borrowings(138,475) (139,725) (210,968)
Receipts related to noncontrolling interests18,126
 5,786
 353
Payments related to noncontrolling interests(89,575) (74,372) (127,410)
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards
 1,981
 7,039
Common stock:     
Issuances3,061
 720
 19,471
Repurchases(299,833) (27,054) (19,902)
Dividends(49,159) (37,608) (35,324)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities$(2,195,901) 1,194,296
 (250,883)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(1,092,414) 1,321,343
 171,084
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year2,650,872
 1,329,529
 1,158,445
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$1,558,458
 2,650,872
 1,329,529
Summary of cash and cash equivalents:     
Lennar Homebuilding$1,337,807
 2,282,925
 1,050,138
Lennar Financial Services185,990
 117,410
 123,964
Lennar Multifamily7,832
 8,676
 6,600
Rialto26,829
 241,861
 148,827
 $1,558,458
 2,650,872
 1,329,529
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:     
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized$128,877
 89,485
 66,570
Cash paid for income taxes, net$376,609
 199,557
 374,731
      
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:     
Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily:     
Purchases of inventories, land under development and other assets financed by sellers$163,519
 279,323
 101,504
Net non-cash contributions to unconsolidated entities$162,281
 62,618
 107,935
Conversions of and exchanges on convertible senior notes to equity217,154
 
 399,206
Equity component of acquisition consideration$5,070,006
 
 
Rialto:     
Real estate owned acquired in satisfaction/partial satisfaction of loans receivable$
 1,140
 8,476
Consolidation/deconsolidation of unconsolidated/consolidated entities, net:     
Inventories$35,430
 48,656
 111,347
Receivables$7,198
 
 
Operating properties and equipment and other assets$
 (1,716) 
Investments in unconsolidated entities$(25,614) (9,692) (2,445)
Liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned$
 
 (96,424)
Other liabilities$(17,014) 44
 
Noncontrolling interests$
 (37,292) (12,478)

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lennar Corporation and all subsidiaries, partnerships and other entities in which Lennar Corporation has a controlling interest and VIEs (see Note 16) in which Lennar Corporation is deemed the primary beneficiary (the "Company"). The Company’s investments in both unconsolidated entities in which a significant, but less than controlling, interest is held and in VIEs in which the Company is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary are accounted for by the equity method. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
UseConsolidation of EstimatesVariable Interest Entities
GAAP requires the consolidation of VIEs in which an enterprise has a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
Our variable interest in VIEs may be in the form of (1) equity ownership, (2) contracts to purchase assets, (3) management services and development agreements between us and a VIE, (4) loans provided by us to a VIE or other partner and/or (5) guarantees provided by members to banks and other third parties. We examine specific criteria and use our judgment when determining if we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE. Factors considered in determining whether we are the primary beneficiary include risk and reward sharing, experience and financial condition of other partner(s), voting rights, involvement in day-to-day capital and operating decisions, representation on a VIE’s executive committee, existence of unilateral kick-out rights or voting rights, level of economic disproportionality between us and the other partner(s) and contracts to purchase assets from VIEs.
Generally, all major decision making in our joint ventures is shared among all partners. In particular, business plans and budgets are generally required to be unanimously approved by all partners. Usually, management and other fees earned by us are nominal and believed to be at market and there is no significant economic disproportionality between us and other partners. Generally, we purchase less than a majority of the JV’s assets and the purchase prices under our option contracts are believed to be at market.

Generally, our unconsolidated entities become VIEs and consolidate when the other partner(s) lack the intent and financial wherewithal to remain in the entity. As a result, we continue to fund operations and debt paydowns through partner loans or substituted capital contributions. The accounting policy relating to variable interest entities is a critical accounting policy because the determination of whether an entity is a VIE and, if so, whether we are primary beneficiary may require us to exercise significant judgment.

Lennar Financial Services Operations
Revenue Recognition
Title premiums on policies issued directly by us are recognized as revenue on the effective date of the title policies and escrow fees and loan origination revenues are recognized at the time the related real estate transactions are completed, usually upon the close of escrow. Revenues from title policies issued by independent agents are recognized as revenue when notice of issuance is received from the agent, which is generally when cash payment is received by us. Expected gains and losses from the sale of loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings at the time of commitment. Interest income on loans held-for-sale and loans held-for-investment is recognized as earned over the terms of the mortgage loans based on the contractual interest rates. We believe that the accounting policy related to revenue recognition is a critical accounting policy because of the significance of revenue.
Loan Origination Liabilities
Substantially all of the loans our Lennar Financial Services segment originates are sold within a short period in the secondary mortgage market on a servicing released, non-recourse basis. After the loans are sold, we retain potential liability for possible claims by purchasers that we breached certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties related to loan sales. Over the last several years there has been an industry-wide effort by purchasers to defray their losses by purporting to have found inaccuracies related to sellers’ representations and warranties in particular loan sale agreements. A number of claims of that type have been brought against us. We do not believe these claims will have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our mortgage operations have established reserves for possible losses associated with mortgage loans previously originated and sold to investors. We establish reserves for such possible losses based upon, among other things, an analysis of repurchase requests received, an estimate of potential repurchase claims not yet received and actual past repurchases and losses through the disposition of affected loans, as well as previous settlements. While we believe that we have adequately reserved for known losses and projected repurchase requests, given the volatility in the mortgage industry and the uncertainty regarding the ultimate resolution of these claims, if either actual repurchases or the losses incurred resolving those repurchases exceed our expectations, additional recourse expense may be incurred. This allowance requires management’s judgment and estimates. For these reasons, we believe that the accounting estimate related to the loan origination losses is a critical accounting estimate.
Rialto Mortgage Finance - Loans Held-for-Sale
The originated mortgage loans are classified as loans held-for-sale and are recorded at fair value. We elected the fair value option for RMF's loans held-for-sale in accordance with ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, which permits entities to measure various financial instruments and certain other items at fair value on a contract-by-contract basis. Changes in fair values of the loans are reflected in Rialto revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Interest income on these loans is calculated based on the interest rate of the loan and is recorded in Rialto revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Substantially all of the mortgage loans originated are sold within a short period of time in securitizations on a servicing released, non-recourse basis; although, we remain liable for certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties related to loan sales. We recognize revenue on the sale of loans into securitization trusts when control of the loans has been relinquished.
We believe this is a critical accounting policy due to the significant judgment involved in estimating the fair values of loans held-for-sale during the period between when the loans are originated and the time the loans are sold and because of its significance to our Rialto segment.

Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
We are exposed to a number of market risks in the ordinary course of business. Our primary market risk exposure relates to fluctuations in interest rates on our investments, loans held-for-sale, loans held-for-investment and outstanding variable rate debt.
For fixed rate debt, such as our senior notes, changes in interest rates generally affect the fair value of the debt instrument, but not our earnings or cash flows. For variable rate debt such as our unsecured revolving credit facility and Lennar Financial Services’ and RMF’s warehouse repurchase facilities, changes in interest rates generally do not affect the fair value of the outstanding borrowings on the debt facilities, but do affect our earnings and cash flows.

In our Lennar Financial Services operations, we utilize mortgage backed securities forward commitments, option contracts and investor commitments to protect the value of rate-locked commitments and loans held-for-sale from fluctuations in mortgage-related interest rates.
To mitigate interest risk associated with RMF's loans held-for-sale, we use derivative financial instruments to hedge our exposure to risk from the time a borrower locks a loan until the time the loan is securitized. We hedge our interest rate exposure through entering into interest rate swap futures. We also manage a portion of our credit exposure by buying protection within the CMBX and CDX markets.
We do not enter into or hold derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.
The preparationtable below provides information at November 30, 2018 about our significant instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates. For loans held-for-investment, net and investments held-to-maturity, senior notes and other debts payable and notes and other debts payable, the table presents principal cash flows and related weighted average effective interest rates by expected maturity dates and estimated fair values at November 30, 2018. Weighted average variable interest rates are based on the variable interest rates at November 30, 2018.
See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 and Notes 1 and 15 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 for a further discussion of these items and our strategy of mitigating our interest rate risk.
Information Regarding Interest Rate Sensitivity
Principal (Notional) Amount by
Expected Maturity and Average Interest Rate
November 30, 2018
 Years Ending November 30,     
Fair Value at
November 30,
(Dollars in millions)2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter Total 2018
ASSETS               
Rialto:               
Investments held-to-maturity:               
Fixed rate$
 18.5
 
 
 
 178.5
 197.0
 222.8
Average interest rate
 4.0% 
 
 
 2.7% 3.3% 
Lennar Financial Services:               
Loans held-for-investment, net and investments held-to-maturity:               
Fixed rate$45.0
 13.0
 5.5
 2.4
 1.8
 49.8
 117.5
 111.5
Average interest rate2.8% 3.1% 4.3% 4.7% 4.3% 4.1% 3.5% 
Variable rate$0.1
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 4.3
 5.2
 4.6
Average interest rate3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 
LIABILITIES               
Lennar Homebuilding:               
Senior notes and other debts payable:               
Fixed rate$1,270.5
 714.1
 962.7
 1,745.1
 64.4
 3,674.8
 8,431.6
 8,299.1
Average interest rate4.3% 4.2% 6.2% 4.9% 5.2% 4.9% 4.9% 
Variable rate$
 24.9
 10.7
 
 
 
 35.6
 37.1
Average interest rate
 5.3% 4.4% 
 
 
 5.0% 
Rialto:               
Notes and other debts payable:               
Fixed rate$1.9
 
 1.1
 15.6
 
 115.7
 134.3
 135.0
Average interest rate3.2% 
 3.3% 3.3% 
 3.3% 3.3% 
Variable rate$191.4
 
 
 
 
 
 191.4
 191.4
Average interest rate4.6% 
 
 
 
 
 4.6% 
Lennar Financial Services:               
Notes and other debts payable:               
Variable rate$1,256.2
 
 
 
 
 
 1,256.2
 1,256.2
Average interest rate4.5% 
 
 
 
 
 4.5% 


Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Lennar Corporation
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Lennar Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2018, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") requires managementAmerica.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated January 28, 2019, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to make estimatesexpress an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and assumptionsare required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that affectwe plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts reportedand disclosures in the consolidated financial statementsstatements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition
Revenues from sales of homes are recognized whensignificant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the sales are closed and title passes to the new homeowner, the new homeowner’s initial and continuing investment is adequate to demonstrate a commitment to pay for the home, the new homeowner’s receivable is not subject to future subordination and the Company does not have a substantial continuing involvement with the new home. Revenues from sales of land are recognized when a significant down payment is received, the earnings process is complete, title passes and collectabilityoverall presentation of the receivable is reasonably assured. See Lennar Financial Services, Rialtofinancial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Miami, Florida
January 28, 2019


We have served as the Company's auditor since 1994.

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
November 30, 2018 and Lennar Multifamily within this Note for disclosure2017
 2018 (1) 2017 (1)
 (Dollars in thousands)
ASSETS   
Lennar Homebuilding:   
Cash and cash equivalents$1,337,807
 2,282,925
Restricted cash12,399
 8,740
Receivables, net236,841
 137,667
Inventories:   
Finished homes and construction in progress8,681,357
 4,676,279
Land and land under development8,178,388
 5,791,338
Consolidated inventory not owned208,959
 393,273
Total inventories17,068,704
 10,860,890
Investments in unconsolidated entities996,926
 900,769
Goodwill3,442,359
 136,566
Other assets1,355,782
 863,404
 24,450,818
 15,190,961
Lennar Financial Services2,346,899
 1,689,508
Lennar Multifamily874,219
 710,725
Rialto894,245
 1,153,840
Total assets$28,566,181
 18,745,034
(1)
Under certain provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 810, Consolidations, ("ASC 810") the Company is required to separately disclose on its consolidated balance sheets the assets of consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") that are owned by the consolidated VIEs and liabilities of consolidated VIEs as to which there is no recourse against the Company.
As of other revenue recognition policiesNovember 30, 2018, total assets include $666.2 million related to those segments.
Advertising Costs
The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs were $47.0 million, $40.9 million and $47.9 million for the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Share-Based Payments
The Company has share-based awards outstanding under the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plans"), eachconsolidated VIEs of which provides for the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted common stock ("nonvested shares") and other share based awards to officers, associates and directors. The exercise prices of stock options may not be less than the market value of the common stock on the date of the grant. Exercises are permitted$57.6 million is included in installments determined when options are granted. Each stock option will expire on a date determined at the time of the grant, but not more than ten years after the date of the grant. The Company accounts for stock option awards and nonvested share awards granted under the Plans based on the estimated grant date fair value.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to beLennar Homebuilding cash equivalents. Due to the short maturity period of cash equivalents, the carrying amounts of these instruments approximate their fair values. Cash and cash equivalents, as$0.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding receivables, net, $81.7 million in Lennar Homebuilding finished homes and construction in progress, $293.1 million in Lennar Homebuilding land and land under development, $209.0 million in Lennar Homebuilding consolidated inventory not owned, $3.8 million in Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities, $10.5 million in Lennar Homebuilding other assets and $10.3 million in Rialto assets.
As of November 30, 2017 and 2016, total assets include $799.4 million related to consolidated VIEs of which $15.8 million is included $569.8 million and $460.5 million, respectively, of cash held in escrow for approximately 3 days.
Restricted Cash
Lennar Homebuilding restricted cash consistsand cash equivalents, $0.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding receivables, net, $53.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding finished homes and construction in progress, $229.0 million in Lennar Homebuilding land and land under development, $393.3 million in Lennar Homebuilding consolidated inventory not owned, $4.6 million in Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities, $11.8 million in Lennar Homebuilding other assets, $42.7 million in Lennar Multifamily assets and $48.8 million in Rialto assets.


LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
November 30, 2018 and 2017
 2018 (2) 2017 (2)
 (Dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts)
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY   
Lennar Homebuilding:   
Accounts payable$1,154,782
 604,953
Liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned175,590
 380,720
Senior notes and other debts payable8,543,868
 6,410,003
Other liabilities1,902,658
 1,315,641
 11,776,898
 8,711,317
Lennar Financial Services1,537,760
 1,177,814
Lennar Multifamily170,616
 149,715
Rialto397,950
 720,056
Total liabilities13,883,224
 10,758,902
Stockholders’ equity:   
Preferred stock
 
Class A common stock of $0.10 par value per share; Authorized: 2018 - 400,000,000 shares; 2017 - 300,000,000 shares; Issued: 2018 - 294,992,562 shares; 2017 - 205,429,942 shares29,499
 20,543
Class B common stock of $0.10 par value per share; Authorized: 2018 and 2017 - 90,000,000 shares, Issued: 2018 - 39,442,219 shares; 2017 - 37,687,505 shares3,944
 3,769
Additional paid-in capital8,496,677
 3,142,013
Retained earnings6,487,650
 4,840,978
Treasury stock, at cost; 2018 - 8,498,203 shares of Class A common stock and 1,698,424 shares of Class B common stock; 2017 - 1,473,590 shares of Class A common stock and 1,679,650 shares of Class B common stock(435,869) (136,020)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(366) 1,034
Total stockholders’ equity14,581,535
 7,872,317
Noncontrolling interests101,422
 113,815
Total equity14,682,957
 7,986,132
Total liabilities and equity$28,566,181
 18,745,034
(2)As of November 30, 2018, total liabilities include $242.5 million related to consolidated VIEs as to which there was no recourse against the Company, of which $11.4 million is included in Lennar Homebuilding accounts payable, $51.9 million in Lennar Homebuilding senior notes and other debts payable, $175.6 million in Lennar Homebuilding liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned, $2.6 million in Lennar Homebuilding other liabilities and $1.0 million in Rialto liabilities.
As of customer deposits on home sales heldNovember 30, 2017, total liabilities include $389.7 million related to consolidated VIEs as to which there was no recourse against the Company, of which $5.0 million is included in restrictedLennar Homebuilding accounts until title transferspayable, $380.7 million in Lennar Homebuilding liabilities related to the homebuyer, as required by the stateconsolidated inventory not owned, $1.8 million in Lennar Homebuilding other liabilities, $2.2 million in Rialto liabilities.

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Years Ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and local governments in which the homes were sold, as well as funds on deposit to secure2016
 2018 2017 2016
 (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues:     
Lennar Homebuilding$19,077,597
 11,200,242
 9,741,337
Lennar Financial Services867,831
 770,109
 687,255
Lennar Multifamily421,132
 394,771
 287,441
Rialto205,071
 281,243
 233,966
Total revenues20,571,631
 12,646,365
 10,949,999
Costs and expenses:     
Lennar Homebuilding16,936,873
 9,752,269
 8,399,881
Lennar Financial Services680,401
 614,585
 523,638
Lennar Multifamily429,759
 407,078
 301,786
Rialto190,413
 247,549
 229,769
Acquisition and integration costs related to CalAtlantic152,980
 
 
Corporate general and administrative343,934
 285,889
 232,562
Total costs and expenses18,734,360
 11,307,370
 9,687,636
Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities(91,915) (61,708) (49,275)
Lennar Homebuilding other income, net205,841
 22,774
 52,751
Lennar Homebuilding loss due to litigation
 (140,000) 
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities and other gain51,322
 85,739
 85,519
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities25,816
 25,447
 18,961
Rialto other expense, net(62,058) (81,636) (39,850)
Gain on sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform296,407
 
 
Earnings before income taxes2,262,684
 1,189,611
 1,330,469
Provision for income taxes (1)(545,171) (417,857) (417,378)
Net earnings (including net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests)1,717,513
 771,754
 913,091
Less: Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests21,682
 (38,726) 1,247
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$1,695,831
 810,480
 911,844
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:     
Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale(1,634) 1,331
 (295)
Reclassification adjustments for (gains) loss included in net
    earnings
234
 12
 (53)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax$(1,400) 1,343
 (348)
Total comprehensive income attributable to Lennar$1,694,431
 811,823
 911,496
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling
   interests
$21,682
 (38,726) 1,247
Basic earnings per share$5.46
 3.38
 4.05
Diluted earnings per share$5.44
 3.38
 3.86

(1)Provision for income taxes for the year ended November 30, 2018 includes a non-cash one-time write down of deferred tax assets of $68.6 million resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted in December 2017.


LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
Years Ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and support performance obligations. Rialto restricted cash primarily consisted of cash set aside for future investments on behalf of a real estate investment trust that Rialto is a sub-advisor to. It also included upfront deposits2016
 2018 2017 2016
 (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Class A common stock:     
Beginning balance$20,543
 20,409
 18,066
Employee stock and director plans183
 134
 124
Stock issuance in connection with CalAtlantic acquisition8,408
 
 
Conversion of convertible senior notes to shares of Class A common stock365
 
 2,219
Balance at November 30,29,499
 20,543
 20,409
Class B common stock:     
Beginning balance3,769
 3,298
 3,298
Stock dividends - Class B common stock
 471
 
Stock issuance in connection with CalAtlantic acquisition168
 
 
Conversion of convertible senior notes to shares of Class B common stock7
 
 
Balance at November 30,3,944
 3,769
 3,298
Additional paid-in capital:     
Beginning balance3,142,013
 2,805,349
 2,305,560
Employee stock and director plans3,797
 2,086
 1,487
Stock issuance in connection with CalAtlantic acquisition5,061,430
 
 
Tax benefit from employee stock plans, vesting of restricted stock and conversion of convertible senior notes
 35,543
 45,803
Amortization of restricted stock72,655
 61,356
 55,516
Conversion of convertible senior notes to shares of Class A common stock216,782
 
 396,983
Stock dividends - Class B common stock
 237,679
 
Balance at November 30,8,496,677
 3,142,013
 2,805,349
Retained earnings:     
Beginning balance4,840,978
 4,306,256
 3,429,736
Net earnings attributable to Lennar1,695,831
 810,480
 911,844
Cash dividends - Class A common stock ($0.16 per share)(43,195) (32,600) (30,315)
Cash dividends - Class B common stock ($0.16 per share)(5,964) (5,008) (5,009)
Stock dividends - Class B common stock
 (238,150) 
Balance at November 30,6,487,650
 4,840,978
 4,306,256
Treasury stock, at cost:     
Beginning balance(136,020) (108,961) (107,755)
Employee stock and directors plans(49,939) (27,059) (1,206)
Purchases of treasury stock(249,910) 
 
Balance at November 30,(435,869) (136,020) (108,961)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):     
Beginning balance1,034
 (309) 39
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax(1,400) 1,343
 (348)
Balance at November 30,(366) 1,034
 (309)
Total stockholders’ equity14,581,535
 7,872,317
 7,026,042
Noncontrolling interests:     
Beginning balance113,815
 185,525
 301,128
Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests21,682
 (38,726) 1,247
Receipts related to noncontrolling interests18,126
 5,786
 353
Payments related to noncontrolling interests(89,575) (74,372) (127,410)
Non-cash distributions to noncontrolling interests
 
 (5,033)
Non-cash consolidations, net
 37,292
 12,478
Non-cash purchase or activity of noncontrolling interests, net37,374
 (1,690) 2,762
Balance at November 30,101,422
 113,815
 185,525
Total equity$14,682,957
 7,986,132
 7,211,567

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years Ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and application fees Rialto Mortgage Finance ("RMF") receives before originating loans2016
 2018 2017 2016
 (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:     
Net earnings (including net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests)$1,717,513
 771,754
 913,091
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:     
Depreciation and amortization91,181
 66,324
 50,219
Amortization of discount/premium on debt, net(23,544) 11,312
 14,619
Equity in loss (earnings) from unconsolidated entities30,518
 (49,478) (55,205)
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities113,096
 137,669
 101,965
Share-based compensation expense72,655
 61,356
 55,516
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards
 (1,981) (7,039)
Deferred income tax expense268,037
 91,050
 97,485
Loss on retirement of debt and notes payable
 
 1,569
Gain on sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform(296,407) 
 
Gain on sale of operating properties and equipment(11,499) (10,339) (14,457)
Gain on sale of interest in unconsolidated entity(164,880) 
 
Unrealized and realized gains on real estate owned(3,734) (5,119) (21,380)
Gain on sale of other assets (investment carried at cost)/CMBS bonds(464) (2,450) 
Impairments of loans receivable and real estate owned39,053
 97,786
 45,201
Valuation adjustments and write-offs of option deposits and pre-acquisition costs, other receivables and other assets49,338
 16,339
 11,283
Changes in assets and liabilities:     
Decrease in restricted cash16,132
 14,490
 9,716
(Increase) decrease in receivables(431,183) 253,111
 (260,844)
Increase in inventories, excluding valuation adjustments and write-offs of option deposits and pre-acquisition costs(135,870) (661,494) (503,527)
Increase in other assets(36,934) (44,535) (41,933)
Decrease (increase) in loans held-for-sale5,805
 (105,600) 90,093
Increase in accounts payable and other liabilities412,796
 356,669
 21,432
Net cash provided by operating activities$1,711,609
 996,864
 507,804
Cash flows from investing activities:     
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash related to investments or LOCs10,825
 (18,000) 
Net additions to operating properties and equipment(130,439) (111,773) (76,439)
Proceeds from the sale of operating properties and equipment38,633
 60,326
 25,288
Proceeds from sale of investments in unconsolidated entities225,267
 
 
Investments in and contributions to unconsolidated entities(405,547) (430,304) (425,761)
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities362,516
 207,327
 323,190
Proceeds from sales of real estate owned32,221
 86,565
 97,871
Receipts of principal payments on loans held-for-sale
 11,251
 
Receipts of principal payments on loans receivable and other4,339
 165,413
 84,433
Originations of loans receivable
 (98,375) (56,507)
Proceeds from sale of other assets (investment carried at cost)
 3,610
 
Purchases of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds(31,068) (107,262) (42,436)
Proceeds from sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform340,000
 
 
Proceeds from sale of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds14,222
 
 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired(1,103,275) (611,103) (725)
Proceeds from sales of investments available-for-sale
 
 541
Decrease (increase) in Lennar Financial Services held-for-investment, net(3,603) (14,257) 963
Purchases of Lennar Financial Services investment securities(47,305) (53,558) (37,764)
Proceeds from maturities/sales of investment securities85,237
 41,765
 23,963
Other payments, net(145) (1,442) (2,454)
Net cash used in investing activities$(608,122) (869,817) (85,837)
      
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
Years Ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and is recognized as income once the loan has been originated, as well as cash held in escrow by the Company’s loan servicer provider on behalf of customers and lenders and is disbursed in accordance with agreements between the transacting parties.2016
 2018 2017 2016
 (In thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:     
Net repayments under revolving lines of credit$(454,700) 
 
Net borrowings (repayments) under warehouse facilities272,920
 (199,684) 107,465
Proceeds from senior notes
 2,450,000
 499,024
Debt issuance costs(14,661) (28,590) (4,740)
Redemption of senior notes(1,100,000) (1,058,595) (250,000)
Conversions and exchanges on convertible senior notes(59,145) 
 (234,028)
Proceeds from Rialto notes payable33,724
 99,630
 
Principal payments on Rialto notes payable including structured notes(359,016) (24,964) (39,026)
Proceeds from other borrowings44,374
 31,230
 37,163
(Payments) proceeds to/from other liabilities(3,542) 195,541
 
Principal payments on other borrowings(138,475) (139,725) (210,968)
Receipts related to noncontrolling interests18,126
 5,786
 353
Payments related to noncontrolling interests(89,575) (74,372) (127,410)
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards
 1,981
 7,039
Common stock:     
Issuances3,061
 720
 19,471
Repurchases(299,833) (27,054) (19,902)
Dividends(49,159) (37,608) (35,324)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities$(2,195,901) 1,194,296
 (250,883)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(1,092,414) 1,321,343
 171,084
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year2,650,872
 1,329,529
 1,158,445
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$1,558,458
 2,650,872
 1,329,529
Summary of cash and cash equivalents:     
Lennar Homebuilding$1,337,807
 2,282,925
 1,050,138
Lennar Financial Services185,990
 117,410
 123,964
Lennar Multifamily7,832
 8,676
 6,600
Rialto26,829
 241,861
 148,827
 $1,558,458
 2,650,872
 1,329,529
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:     
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized$128,877
 89,485
 66,570
Cash paid for income taxes, net$376,609
 199,557
 374,731
      
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:     
Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily:     
Purchases of inventories, land under development and other assets financed by sellers$163,519
 279,323
 101,504
Net non-cash contributions to unconsolidated entities$162,281
 62,618
 107,935
Conversions of and exchanges on convertible senior notes to equity217,154
 
 399,206
Equity component of acquisition consideration$5,070,006
 
 
Rialto:     
Real estate owned acquired in satisfaction/partial satisfaction of loans receivable$
 1,140
 8,476
Consolidation/deconsolidation of unconsolidated/consolidated entities, net:     
Inventories$35,430
 48,656
 111,347
Receivables$7,198
 
 
Operating properties and equipment and other assets$
 (1,716) 
Investments in unconsolidated entities$(25,614) (9,692) (2,445)
Liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned$
 
 (96,424)
Other liabilities$(17,014) 44
 
Noncontrolling interests$
 (37,292) (12,478)

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
STATEMENTS


Inventories
Finished homes1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lennar Corporation and construction in progress are included within inventories. Inventories are stated at cost unless the inventory within a community is determined to be impaired,all subsidiaries, partnerships and other entities in which caseLennar Corporation has a controlling interest and VIEs (see Note 16) in which Lennar Corporation is deemed the impaired inventory is written down to fair value. Inventory costs include land, land development and home construction costs, real estate taxes, deposits on land purchase contracts and interest related to development and construction. Construction overhead and selling expenses are expensed as incurred. Homes held-for-sale are classified as inventories until delivered. Land, land development, amenities and other costs are accumulated by specific area and allocated to homes within the respective areas.
primary beneficiary (the "Company"). The Company reviews its inventory for indicators of impairment by evaluating each community during each reporting period. The inventory within each community is categorized as finished homes and constructionCompany’s investments in progress or land under development based on the development state of the community. There were 761 and 693 active communities, excludingboth unconsolidated entities as of November 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. If the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated byin which a community aresignificant, but less than its carrying amount, an impairment chargecontrolling, interest is recorded to write down the carrying amount of such community to its estimated fair value.
In conducting its review for indicators of impairment on a community level, the Company evaluates, among other things, the margins on homes that have been delivered, margins on homes under sales contractsheld and in backlog, projected margins with regard to future home sales over the life of the community, projected margins with regard to future land sales and the estimated fair value of the land itself. The Company pays particular attention to communities in which inventory is moving at a slower than anticipated absorption pace and communities whose average sales price and/or margins are trending downward and are anticipated to continue to trend downward. From this review, the Company identifies communities in which to assess if the carrying values exceed their undiscounted projected cash flows.
The Company estimates the fair value of its communities using a discounted cash flow model. The projected cash flows for each community are significantly impacted by estimates related to market supply and demand, product type by community, homesite sizes, sales pace, sales prices, sales incentives, construction costs, sales and marketing expenses, the local economy, competitive conditions, labor costs, costs of materials and other factors for that particular community. Every division evaluates the historical performance of each of its communities as well as current trends in the market and economy impacting the community and its surrounding areas. These trends are analyzed for each of the estimates listed above.
Each of the homebuilding marketsVIEs in which the Company operates is unique, as homebuilding has historically been a local business driven by local market conditions and demographics. Each of the Company’s homebuilding markets has specific supply and demand relationships reflective of local economic conditions. The Company’s projected cash flows are impacted by many assumptions. Some of the most critical assumptions in the Company’s cash flow model are projected absorption pace for home sales, sales prices and costs to build and deliver homes on a community by community basis.
In order to arrive at the assumed absorption pace for home sales and the assumed sales prices included in the Company’s cash flow model, the Company analyzes its historical absorption pace and historical sales prices in the community and in other comparable communities in the geographical area. In addition, the Company considers internal and external market studies and places greater emphasis on more current metrics and trends, which generally include, but are not limited to, statistics and forecasts on population demographics and on sales prices in neighboring communities, unemployment rates and availability and sales prices of competing product in the geographical area where the community is located as well as the absorption pace realized in its most recent quarters and the sales prices included in the Company's current backlog for such communities.
Generally, if the Company notices a variation from historical results over a span of two fiscal quarters, the Company considers such variationdeemed to be the establishment of a trendprimary beneficiary are accounted for by the equity method. All intercompany transactions and adjusts its historical information accordinglybalances have been eliminated in order to develop assumptions on the projected absorption pace and sales prices in the cash flow model for a community.consolidation.
In order to arrive at the Company’s assumed costs to build and deliver homes, the Company generally assumes a cost structure reflecting contracts currently in place with its vendors adjusted for any anticipated cost reduction initiatives or increases in cost structure. Those costs assumed are used in the cash flow model for the Company’s communities.
Since the estimates and assumptions included in the Company’s cash flow models are based upon historical results and projected trends, they do not anticipate unexpected changes in market conditions or strategies that may lead the Company to incur additional impairment charges in the future.
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

The determination of fair value requires discounting the estimated cash flows at a rate the Company believes a market participant would determine to be commensurate with the inherent risks associated with the assets and related estimated cash flow streams. The discount rate used in determining each asset’s fair value depends on the community’s projected life and development stage. The Company generally uses a discount rate of approximately 20%, subject to the perceived risks associated with the community’s cash flow streams relative to its inventory.
The Company estimates the fair value of inventory evaluated for impairment based on market conditions and assumptions made by management at the time the inventory is evaluated, which may differ materially from actual results if market conditions or assumptions change. For example, changes in market conditions and other specific developments or changes in assumptions may cause the Company to re-evaluate its strategy regarding previously impaired inventory, as well as inventory not currently impaired but for which indicators of impairment may arise if market deterioration occurs, and certain other assets that could result in further valuation adjustments and/or additional write-offs of option deposits and pre-acquisition costs due to abandonment of those options contracts.
As of November 30, 2017, the Company reviewed its communities for potential indicators of impairments and identified ten homebuilding communities with 630 homesites and a carrying value of $100.4 million as having potential indicators of impairment. For the year ended November 30, 2017, the Company recorded valuation adjustments of $7.9 million on 473 homesites in seven communities with a carrying value of $13.9 million.
As of November 30, 2016, the Company reviewed its communities for potential indicators of impairments and identified 11 homebuilding communities with 663 homesites and a carrying value of $180.9 million as having potential indicators of impairment. For the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company recorded no valuation adjustments.
The table below summarizes the most significant unobservable inputs used in the Company's discounted cash flow model to determine the fair value of its communities for which the Company recorded valuation adjustments during the years ended November 30, 2017 and 2016:
 Years ended November 30,
 2017 2016
Unobservable inputsRange Range
Average selling price
$125,000
-
$567,000
 
$158,000
-$1,300,000
Absorption rate per quarter (homes)4
-10 3
-16
Discount rate20% 12%-20%
The Company also has access to land inventory through option contracts, which generally enables the Company to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties and unconsolidated entities until it has determined whether to exercise its option.
A majority of the Company’s option contracts require a non-refundable cash deposit or irrevocable letter of credit based on a percentage of the purchase price of the land. The Company’s option contracts sometimes include price adjustment provisions, which adjust the purchase price of the land to its approximate fair value at the time of acquisition or are based on the fair value at the time of takedown.
In determining whether to walk away from an option contract, the Company evaluates the option primarily based upon its expected cash flows from the property under option. If the Company intends to walk away from an option contract, it records a charge to earnings in the period such decision is made for the deposit amount and any related pre-acquisition costs associated with the option contract.
Some option contracts contain a predetermined take-down schedule for the optioned land parcels. However, in almost all instances, the Company is not required to purchase land in accordance with those take-down schedules. In substantially all instances, the Company has the right and ability to not exercise its option and forfeit its deposit without further penalty, other than termination of the option and loss of any unapplied portion of its deposit and pre-acquisition costs. Therefore, in substantially all instances, the Company does not consider the take-down price to be a firm contractual obligation. When the Company does not intend to exercise an option, it writes off any unapplied deposit and pre-acquisition costs associated with the option contract.
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
The Company evaluates the long-lived assets in unconsolidated entities for indicators of impairment during each reporting period. If a valuation adjustment is recorded by an unconsolidated entity related to its assets, the Company generally uses a discount rate between 10% and 20%, subject to the perceived risks associated with the community’s cash flow streams relative to its inventory or operating assets. The Company’s proportionate share of a valuation adjustment is reflected in the Company's Lennar Homebuilding or Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities with a corresponding decrease to its Lennar Homebuilding or Lennar Multifamily investment in unconsolidated entities.
Additionally, the Company evaluates if a decrease in the value of an investment below its carrying value is other-than-temporary. This evaluation includes certain critical assumptions made by management: (1) projected future distributions from the unconsolidated entities, (2) discount rates applied to the future distributions and (3) various other factors, which include age of the venture, relationships with the other partners and banks, general economic market conditions, land status and liquidity needs of the unconsolidated entity. If the decline in the fair value of the investment is other-than-temporary, then these losses are included in Lennar Homebuilding other income, net or Lennar Multifamily costs and expenses.
The Company tracks its share of cumulative earnings and distributions of its joint ventures ("JVs"). For purposes of classifying distributions received from JVs in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows, cumulative distributions are treated as returns on capital to the extent of cumulative earnings and included in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows as operating activities. Cumulative distributions in excess of the Company’s share of cumulative earnings are treated as returns of capital and included in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows as cash from investing activities.
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
GAAP requires the consolidation of VIEs in which an enterprise has a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
Our variable interest in VIEs may be in the form of (1) equity ownership, (2) contracts to purchase assets, (3) management services and development agreements between us and a VIE, (4) loans provided by us to a VIE or other partner and/or (5) guarantees provided by members to banks and other third parties. We examine specific criteria and use our judgment when determining if we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE. Factors considered in determining whether we are the primary beneficiary include risk and reward sharing, experience and financial condition of other partner(s), voting rights, involvement in day-to-day capital and operating decisions, representation on a VIE’s executive committee, existence of unilateral kick-out rights or voting rights, level of economic disproportionality between us and the other partner(s) and contracts to purchase assets from VIEs.
Generally, all major decision making in our joint ventures is shared among all partners. In particular, business plans and budgets are generally required to be unanimously approved by all partners. Usually, management and other fees earned by us are nominal and believed to be at market and there is no significant economic disproportionality between us and other partners. Generally, we purchase less than a majority of the JV’s assets and the purchase prices under our option contracts are believed to be at market.

Generally, our unconsolidated entities become VIEs and consolidate when the other partner(s) lack the intent and financial wherewithal to remain in the entity. As a result, we continue to fund operations and debt paydowns through partner loans or substituted capital contributions. The accounting policy relating to variable interest entities is a critical accounting policy because the determination of whether an entity is a VIE and, if so, whether we are primary beneficiary may require us to exercise significant judgment.

Lennar Financial Services Operations
Revenue Recognition
Title premiums on policies issued directly by us are recognized as revenue on the effective date of the title policies and escrow fees and loan origination revenues are recognized at the time the related real estate transactions are completed, usually upon the close of escrow. Revenues from title policies issued by independent agents are recognized as revenue when notice of issuance is received from the agent, which is generally when cash payment is received by us. Expected gains and losses from the sale of loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings at the time of commitment. Interest income on loans held-for-sale and loans held-for-investment is recognized as earned over the terms of the mortgage loans based on the contractual interest rates. We believe that the accounting policy related to revenue recognition is a critical accounting policy because of the significance of revenue.
Loan Origination Liabilities
Substantially all of the loans our Lennar Financial Services segment originates are sold within a short period in the secondary mortgage market on a servicing released, non-recourse basis. After the loans are sold, we retain potential liability for possible claims by purchasers that we breached certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties related to loan sales. Over the last several years there has been an industry-wide effort by purchasers to defray their losses by purporting to have found inaccuracies related to sellers’ representations and warranties in particular loan sale agreements. A number of claims of that type have been brought against us. We do not believe these claims will have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our mortgage operations have established reserves for possible losses associated with mortgage loans previously originated and sold to investors. We establish reserves for such possible losses based upon, among other things, an analysis of repurchase requests received, an estimate of potential repurchase claims not yet received and actual past repurchases and losses through the disposition of affected loans, as well as previous settlements. While we believe that we have adequately reserved for known losses and projected repurchase requests, given the volatility in the mortgage industry and the uncertainty regarding the ultimate resolution of these claims, if either actual repurchases or the losses incurred resolving those repurchases exceed our expectations, additional recourse expense may be incurred. This allowance requires management’s judgment and estimates. For these reasons, we believe that the accounting estimate related to the loan origination losses is a critical accounting estimate.
Rialto Mortgage Finance - Loans Held-for-Sale
The originated mortgage loans are classified as loans held-for-sale and are recorded at fair value. We elected the fair value option for RMF's loans held-for-sale in accordance with ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, which permits entities to measure various financial instruments and certain other items at fair value on a contract-by-contract basis. Changes in fair values of the loans are reflected in Rialto revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Interest income on these loans is calculated based on the interest rate of the loan and is recorded in Rialto revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Substantially all of the mortgage loans originated are sold within a short period of time in securitizations on a servicing released, non-recourse basis; although, we remain liable for certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties related to loan sales. We recognize revenue on the sale of loans into securitization trusts when control of the loans has been relinquished.
We believe this is a critical accounting policy due to the significant judgment involved in estimating the fair values of loans held-for-sale during the period between when the loans are originated and the time the loans are sold and because of its significance to our Rialto segment.

Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
We are exposed to a number of market risks in the ordinary course of business. Our primary market risk exposure relates to fluctuations in interest rates on our investments, loans held-for-sale, loans held-for-investment and outstanding variable rate debt.
For fixed rate debt, such as our senior notes, changes in interest rates generally affect the fair value of the debt instrument, but not our earnings or cash flows. For variable rate debt such as our unsecured revolving credit facility and Lennar Financial Services’ and RMF’s warehouse repurchase facilities, changes in interest rates generally do not affect the fair value of the outstanding borrowings on the debt facilities, but do affect our earnings and cash flows.

In our Lennar Financial Services operations, we utilize mortgage backed securities forward commitments, option contracts and investor commitments to protect the value of rate-locked commitments and loans held-for-sale from fluctuations in mortgage-related interest rates.
To mitigate interest risk associated with RMF's loans held-for-sale, we use derivative financial instruments to hedge our exposure to risk from the time a borrower locks a loan until the time the loan is securitized. We hedge our interest rate exposure through entering into interest rate swap futures. We also manage a portion of our credit exposure by buying protection within the CMBX and CDX markets.
We do not enter into or hold derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.
The table below provides information at November 30, 2018 about our significant instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates. For loans held-for-investment, net and investments held-to-maturity, senior notes and other debts payable and notes and other debts payable, the table presents principal cash flows and related weighted average effective interest rates by expected maturity dates and estimated fair values at November 30, 2018. Weighted average variable interest rates are based on the variable interest rates at November 30, 2018.
See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 and Notes 1 and 15 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 for a further discussion of these items and our strategy of mitigating our interest rate risk.
Information Regarding Interest Rate Sensitivity
Principal (Notional) Amount by
Expected Maturity and Average Interest Rate
November 30, 2018
 Years Ending November 30,     
Fair Value at
November 30,
(Dollars in millions)2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter Total 2018
ASSETS               
Rialto:               
Investments held-to-maturity:               
Fixed rate$
 18.5
 
 
 
 178.5
 197.0
 222.8
Average interest rate
 4.0% 
 
 
 2.7% 3.3% 
Lennar Financial Services:               
Loans held-for-investment, net and investments held-to-maturity:               
Fixed rate$45.0
 13.0
 5.5
 2.4
 1.8
 49.8
 117.5
 111.5
Average interest rate2.8% 3.1% 4.3% 4.7% 4.3% 4.1% 3.5% 
Variable rate$0.1
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 0.2
 4.3
 5.2
 4.6
Average interest rate3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 
LIABILITIES               
Lennar Homebuilding:               
Senior notes and other debts payable:               
Fixed rate$1,270.5
 714.1
 962.7
 1,745.1
 64.4
 3,674.8
 8,431.6
 8,299.1
Average interest rate4.3% 4.2% 6.2% 4.9% 5.2% 4.9% 4.9% 
Variable rate$
 24.9
 10.7
 
 
 
 35.6
 37.1
Average interest rate
 5.3% 4.4% 
 
 
 5.0% 
Rialto:               
Notes and other debts payable:               
Fixed rate$1.9
 
 1.1
 15.6
 
 115.7
 134.3
 135.0
Average interest rate3.2% 
 3.3% 3.3% 
 3.3% 3.3% 
Variable rate$191.4
 
 
 
 
 
 191.4
 191.4
Average interest rate4.6% 
 
 
 
 
 4.6% 
Lennar Financial Services:               
Notes and other debts payable:               
Variable rate$1,256.2
 
 
 
 
 
 1,256.2
 1,256.2
Average interest rate4.5% 
 
 
 
 
 4.5% 


Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Lennar Corporation
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Lennar Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2018, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated January 28, 2019, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Miami, Florida
January 28, 2019


We have served as the Company's auditor since 1994.

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
November 30, 2018 and 2017
 2018 (1) 2017 (1)
 (Dollars in thousands)
ASSETS   
Lennar Homebuilding:   
Cash and cash equivalents$1,337,807
 2,282,925
Restricted cash12,399
 8,740
Receivables, net236,841
 137,667
Inventories:   
Finished homes and construction in progress8,681,357
 4,676,279
Land and land under development8,178,388
 5,791,338
Consolidated inventory not owned208,959
 393,273
Total inventories17,068,704
 10,860,890
Investments in unconsolidated entities996,926
 900,769
Goodwill3,442,359
 136,566
Other assets1,355,782
 863,404
 24,450,818
 15,190,961
Lennar Financial Services2,346,899
 1,689,508
Lennar Multifamily874,219
 710,725
Rialto894,245
 1,153,840
Total assets$28,566,181
 18,745,034
(1)
Under certain provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 810, Consolidations, ("ASC 810") the Company is required to separately disclose on its consolidated balance sheets the assets of consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") that are owned by the consolidated VIEs and liabilities of consolidated VIEs as to which there is no recourse against the Company.
As of November 30, 2018, total assets include $666.2 million related to consolidated VIEs of which $57.6 million is included in Lennar Homebuilding cash and cash equivalents, $0.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding receivables, net, $81.7 million in Lennar Homebuilding finished homes and construction in progress, $293.1 million in Lennar Homebuilding land and land under development, $209.0 million in Lennar Homebuilding consolidated inventory not owned, $3.8 million in Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities, $10.5 million in Lennar Homebuilding other assets and $10.3 million in Rialto assets.
As of November 30, 2017, total assets include $799.4 million related to consolidated VIEs of which $15.8 million is included in Lennar Homebuilding cash and cash equivalents, $0.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding receivables, net, $53.2 million in Lennar Homebuilding finished homes and construction in progress, $229.0 million in Lennar Homebuilding land and land under development, $393.3 million in Lennar Homebuilding consolidated inventory not owned, $4.6 million in Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities, $11.8 million in Lennar Homebuilding other assets, $42.7 million in Lennar Multifamily assets and $48.8 million in Rialto assets.


LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
November 30, 2018 and 2017
 2018 (2) 2017 (2)
 (Dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts)
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY   
Lennar Homebuilding:   
Accounts payable$1,154,782
 604,953
Liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned175,590
 380,720
Senior notes and other debts payable8,543,868
 6,410,003
Other liabilities1,902,658
 1,315,641
 11,776,898
 8,711,317
Lennar Financial Services1,537,760
 1,177,814
Lennar Multifamily170,616
 149,715
Rialto397,950
 720,056
Total liabilities13,883,224
 10,758,902
Stockholders’ equity:   
Preferred stock
 
Class A common stock of $0.10 par value per share; Authorized: 2018 - 400,000,000 shares; 2017 - 300,000,000 shares; Issued: 2018 - 294,992,562 shares; 2017 - 205,429,942 shares29,499
 20,543
Class B common stock of $0.10 par value per share; Authorized: 2018 and 2017 - 90,000,000 shares, Issued: 2018 - 39,442,219 shares; 2017 - 37,687,505 shares3,944
 3,769
Additional paid-in capital8,496,677
 3,142,013
Retained earnings6,487,650
 4,840,978
Treasury stock, at cost; 2018 - 8,498,203 shares of Class A common stock and 1,698,424 shares of Class B common stock; 2017 - 1,473,590 shares of Class A common stock and 1,679,650 shares of Class B common stock(435,869) (136,020)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(366) 1,034
Total stockholders’ equity14,581,535
 7,872,317
Noncontrolling interests101,422
 113,815
Total equity14,682,957
 7,986,132
Total liabilities and equity$28,566,181
 18,745,034
(2)As of November 30, 2018, total liabilities include $242.5 million related to consolidated VIEs as to which there was no recourse against the Company, of which $11.4 million is included in Lennar Homebuilding accounts payable, $51.9 million in Lennar Homebuilding senior notes and other debts payable, $175.6 million in Lennar Homebuilding liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned, $2.6 million in Lennar Homebuilding other liabilities and $1.0 million in Rialto liabilities.
As of November 30, 2017, total liabilities include $389.7 million related to consolidated VIEs as to which there was no recourse against the Company, of which $5.0 million is included in Lennar Homebuilding accounts payable, $380.7 million in Lennar Homebuilding liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned, $1.8 million in Lennar Homebuilding other liabilities, $2.2 million in Rialto liabilities.

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Years Ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016
 2018 2017 2016
 (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues:     
Lennar Homebuilding$19,077,597
 11,200,242
 9,741,337
Lennar Financial Services867,831
 770,109
 687,255
Lennar Multifamily421,132
 394,771
 287,441
Rialto205,071
 281,243
 233,966
Total revenues20,571,631
 12,646,365
 10,949,999
Costs and expenses:     
Lennar Homebuilding16,936,873
 9,752,269
 8,399,881
Lennar Financial Services680,401
 614,585
 523,638
Lennar Multifamily429,759
 407,078
 301,786
Rialto190,413
 247,549
 229,769
Acquisition and integration costs related to CalAtlantic152,980
 
 
Corporate general and administrative343,934
 285,889
 232,562
Total costs and expenses18,734,360
 11,307,370
 9,687,636
Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities(91,915) (61,708) (49,275)
Lennar Homebuilding other income, net205,841
 22,774
 52,751
Lennar Homebuilding loss due to litigation
 (140,000) 
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities and other gain51,322
 85,739
 85,519
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities25,816
 25,447
 18,961
Rialto other expense, net(62,058) (81,636) (39,850)
Gain on sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform296,407
 
 
Earnings before income taxes2,262,684
 1,189,611
 1,330,469
Provision for income taxes (1)(545,171) (417,857) (417,378)
Net earnings (including net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests)1,717,513
 771,754
 913,091
Less: Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests21,682
 (38,726) 1,247
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$1,695,831
 810,480
 911,844
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:     
Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale(1,634) 1,331
 (295)
Reclassification adjustments for (gains) loss included in net
    earnings
234
 12
 (53)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax$(1,400) 1,343
 (348)
Total comprehensive income attributable to Lennar$1,694,431
 811,823
 911,496
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling
   interests
$21,682
 (38,726) 1,247
Basic earnings per share$5.46
 3.38
 4.05
Diluted earnings per share$5.44
 3.38
 3.86

(1)Provision for income taxes for the year ended November 30, 2018 includes a non-cash one-time write down of deferred tax assets of $68.6 million resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted in December 2017.


LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
Years Ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016
 2018 2017 2016
 (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Class A common stock:     
Beginning balance$20,543
 20,409
 18,066
Employee stock and director plans183
 134
 124
Stock issuance in connection with CalAtlantic acquisition8,408
 
 
Conversion of convertible senior notes to shares of Class A common stock365
 
 2,219
Balance at November 30,29,499
 20,543
 20,409
Class B common stock:     
Beginning balance3,769
 3,298
 3,298
Stock dividends - Class B common stock
 471
 
Stock issuance in connection with CalAtlantic acquisition168
 
 
Conversion of convertible senior notes to shares of Class B common stock7
 
 
Balance at November 30,3,944
 3,769
 3,298
Additional paid-in capital:     
Beginning balance3,142,013
 2,805,349
 2,305,560
Employee stock and director plans3,797
 2,086
 1,487
Stock issuance in connection with CalAtlantic acquisition5,061,430
 
 
Tax benefit from employee stock plans, vesting of restricted stock and conversion of convertible senior notes
 35,543
 45,803
Amortization of restricted stock72,655
 61,356
 55,516
Conversion of convertible senior notes to shares of Class A common stock216,782
 
 396,983
Stock dividends - Class B common stock
 237,679
 
Balance at November 30,8,496,677
 3,142,013
 2,805,349
Retained earnings:     
Beginning balance4,840,978
 4,306,256
 3,429,736
Net earnings attributable to Lennar1,695,831
 810,480
 911,844
Cash dividends - Class A common stock ($0.16 per share)(43,195) (32,600) (30,315)
Cash dividends - Class B common stock ($0.16 per share)(5,964) (5,008) (5,009)
Stock dividends - Class B common stock
 (238,150) 
Balance at November 30,6,487,650
 4,840,978
 4,306,256
Treasury stock, at cost:     
Beginning balance(136,020) (108,961) (107,755)
Employee stock and directors plans(49,939) (27,059) (1,206)
Purchases of treasury stock(249,910) 
 
Balance at November 30,(435,869) (136,020) (108,961)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):     
Beginning balance1,034
 (309) 39
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax(1,400) 1,343
 (348)
Balance at November 30,(366) 1,034
 (309)
Total stockholders’ equity14,581,535
 7,872,317
 7,026,042
Noncontrolling interests:     
Beginning balance113,815
 185,525
 301,128
Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests21,682
 (38,726) 1,247
Receipts related to noncontrolling interests18,126
 5,786
 353
Payments related to noncontrolling interests(89,575) (74,372) (127,410)
Non-cash distributions to noncontrolling interests
 
 (5,033)
Non-cash consolidations, net
 37,292
 12,478
Non-cash purchase or activity of noncontrolling interests, net37,374
 (1,690) 2,762
Balance at November 30,101,422
 113,815
 185,525
Total equity$14,682,957
 7,986,132
 7,211,567

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years Ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016
 2018 2017 2016
 (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:     
Net earnings (including net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests)$1,717,513
 771,754
 913,091
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:     
Depreciation and amortization91,181
 66,324
 50,219
Amortization of discount/premium on debt, net(23,544) 11,312
 14,619
Equity in loss (earnings) from unconsolidated entities30,518
 (49,478) (55,205)
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities113,096
 137,669
 101,965
Share-based compensation expense72,655
 61,356
 55,516
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards
 (1,981) (7,039)
Deferred income tax expense268,037
 91,050
 97,485
Loss on retirement of debt and notes payable
 
 1,569
Gain on sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform(296,407) 
 
Gain on sale of operating properties and equipment(11,499) (10,339) (14,457)
Gain on sale of interest in unconsolidated entity(164,880) 
 
Unrealized and realized gains on real estate owned(3,734) (5,119) (21,380)
Gain on sale of other assets (investment carried at cost)/CMBS bonds(464) (2,450) 
Impairments of loans receivable and real estate owned39,053
 97,786
 45,201
Valuation adjustments and write-offs of option deposits and pre-acquisition costs, other receivables and other assets49,338
 16,339
 11,283
Changes in assets and liabilities:     
Decrease in restricted cash16,132
 14,490
 9,716
(Increase) decrease in receivables(431,183) 253,111
 (260,844)
Increase in inventories, excluding valuation adjustments and write-offs of option deposits and pre-acquisition costs(135,870) (661,494) (503,527)
Increase in other assets(36,934) (44,535) (41,933)
Decrease (increase) in loans held-for-sale5,805
 (105,600) 90,093
Increase in accounts payable and other liabilities412,796
 356,669
 21,432
Net cash provided by operating activities$1,711,609
 996,864
 507,804
Cash flows from investing activities:     
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash related to investments or LOCs10,825
 (18,000) 
Net additions to operating properties and equipment(130,439) (111,773) (76,439)
Proceeds from the sale of operating properties and equipment38,633
 60,326
 25,288
Proceeds from sale of investments in unconsolidated entities225,267
 
 
Investments in and contributions to unconsolidated entities(405,547) (430,304) (425,761)
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities362,516
 207,327
 323,190
Proceeds from sales of real estate owned32,221
 86,565
 97,871
Receipts of principal payments on loans held-for-sale
 11,251
 
Receipts of principal payments on loans receivable and other4,339
 165,413
 84,433
Originations of loans receivable
 (98,375) (56,507)
Proceeds from sale of other assets (investment carried at cost)
 3,610
 
Purchases of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds(31,068) (107,262) (42,436)
Proceeds from sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform340,000
 
 
Proceeds from sale of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds14,222
 
 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired(1,103,275) (611,103) (725)
Proceeds from sales of investments available-for-sale
 
 541
Decrease (increase) in Lennar Financial Services held-for-investment, net(3,603) (14,257) 963
Purchases of Lennar Financial Services investment securities(47,305) (53,558) (37,764)
Proceeds from maturities/sales of investment securities85,237
 41,765
 23,963
Other payments, net(145) (1,442) (2,454)
Net cash used in investing activities$(608,122) (869,817) (85,837)
      
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
Years Ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016
 2018 2017 2016
 (In thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:     
Net repayments under revolving lines of credit$(454,700) 
 
Net borrowings (repayments) under warehouse facilities272,920
 (199,684) 107,465
Proceeds from senior notes
 2,450,000
 499,024
Debt issuance costs(14,661) (28,590) (4,740)
Redemption of senior notes(1,100,000) (1,058,595) (250,000)
Conversions and exchanges on convertible senior notes(59,145) 
 (234,028)
Proceeds from Rialto notes payable33,724
 99,630
 
Principal payments on Rialto notes payable including structured notes(359,016) (24,964) (39,026)
Proceeds from other borrowings44,374
 31,230
 37,163
(Payments) proceeds to/from other liabilities(3,542) 195,541
 
Principal payments on other borrowings(138,475) (139,725) (210,968)
Receipts related to noncontrolling interests18,126
 5,786
 353
Payments related to noncontrolling interests(89,575) (74,372) (127,410)
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards
 1,981
 7,039
Common stock:     
Issuances3,061
 720
 19,471
Repurchases(299,833) (27,054) (19,902)
Dividends(49,159) (37,608) (35,324)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities$(2,195,901) 1,194,296
 (250,883)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(1,092,414) 1,321,343
 171,084
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year2,650,872
 1,329,529
 1,158,445
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$1,558,458
 2,650,872
 1,329,529
Summary of cash and cash equivalents:     
Lennar Homebuilding$1,337,807
 2,282,925
 1,050,138
Lennar Financial Services185,990
 117,410
 123,964
Lennar Multifamily7,832
 8,676
 6,600
Rialto26,829
 241,861
 148,827
 $1,558,458
 2,650,872
 1,329,529
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:     
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized$128,877
 89,485
 66,570
Cash paid for income taxes, net$376,609
 199,557
 374,731
      
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:     
Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily:     
Purchases of inventories, land under development and other assets financed by sellers$163,519
 279,323
 101,504
Net non-cash contributions to unconsolidated entities$162,281
 62,618
 107,935
Conversions of and exchanges on convertible senior notes to equity217,154
 
 399,206
Equity component of acquisition consideration$5,070,006
 
 
Rialto:     
Real estate owned acquired in satisfaction/partial satisfaction of loans receivable$
 1,140
 8,476
Consolidation/deconsolidation of unconsolidated/consolidated entities, net:     
Inventories$35,430
 48,656
 111,347
Receivables$7,198
 
 
Operating properties and equipment and other assets$
 (1,716) 
Investments in unconsolidated entities$(25,614) (9,692) (2,445)
Liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned$
 
 (96,424)
Other liabilities$(17,014) 44
 
Noncontrolling interests$
 (37,292) (12,478)

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lennar Corporation and all subsidiaries, partnerships and other entities in which Lennar Corporation has a controlling interest and VIEs (see Note 16) in which Lennar Corporation is deemed the primary beneficiary (the "Company"). The Company’s investments in both unconsolidated entities in which a significant, but less than controlling, interest is held and in VIEs in which the Company is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary are accounted for by the equity method. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition
Revenues from sales of homes are recognized when the sales are closed and title passes to the new homeowner, the new homeowner’s initial and continuing investment is adequate to demonstrate a commitment to pay for the home, the new homeowner’s receivable is not subject to future subordination and the Company does not have a substantial continuing involvement with the new home. Revenues from sales of land are recognized when a significant down payment is received, the earnings process is complete, title passes and collectability of the receivable is reasonably assured. See Lennar Financial Services, Rialto and Lennar Multifamily within this Note for disclosure of revenue recognition policies related to those segments.
Advertising Costs
The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs were $72.1 million, $47.0 million and $40.9 million for the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The increase in 2018 is primarily related to the CalAtlantic acquisition.
Share-Based Payments
The Company has share-based awards outstanding under the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plans"), each of which provides for the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted common stock ("nonvested shares") and other share based awards to officers, associates and directors. The exercise prices of stock options may not be less than the market value of the common stock on the date of the grant. Exercises are permitted in installments determined when options are granted. Each stock option will expire on a date determined at the time of the grant, but not more than 10 years after the date of the grant. The Company accounts for stock option awards and nonvested share awards granted under the Plans based on the estimated grant date fair value.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Due to the short maturity period of cash equivalents, the carrying amounts of these instruments approximate their fair values. Cash and cash equivalents as of November 30, 2018 and 2017 included $926.1 million and $569.8 million, respectively, of cash held in escrow for approximately three days.
Restricted Cash
Lennar Homebuilding restricted cash consists of customer deposits on home sales held in restricted accounts until title transfers to the homebuyer, as required by the state and local governments in which the homes were sold, as well as funds on deposit to secure and support performance obligations. Rialto restricted cash primarily consisted of cash set aside for future investments on behalf of a real estate investment trust that Rialto is a sub-advisor to. It also included upfront deposits and application fees Rialto Mortgage Finance ("RMF") receives before originating loans and is recognized as income once the loan has been originated, as well as cash held in escrow by the Company’s loan servicer provider on behalf of customers and lenders and is disbursed in accordance with agreements between the transacting parties.

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Inventories
Finished homes and construction in progress are included within inventories. Inventories are stated at cost unless the inventory within a community is determined to be impaired, in which case the impaired inventory is written down to fair value. Inventory costs include land, land development and home construction costs, real estate taxes, deposits on land purchase contracts and interest related to development and construction. Construction overhead and selling expenses are expensed as incurred. Homes held-for-sale are classified as inventories until delivered. Land, land development, amenities and other costs are accumulated by specific area and allocated to homes within the respective areas.
The Company reviews its inventory for indicators of impairment by evaluating each community during each reporting period. The inventory within each community is categorized as finished homes and construction in progress or land under development based on the development state of the community. There were 1,324 and 761 active communities, excluding unconsolidated entities, as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. If the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by a community are less than its carrying amount, an impairment charge is recorded to write down the carrying amount of such community to its estimated fair value.
In conducting its review for indicators of impairment on a community level, the Company evaluates, among other things, the margins on homes that have been delivered, margins on homes under sales contracts in backlog, projected margins with regard to future home sales over the life of the community, projected margins with regard to future land sales and the estimated fair value of the land itself. The Company pays particular attention to communities in which inventory is moving at a slower than anticipated absorption pace and communities whose average sales price and/or margins are trending downward and are anticipated to continue to trend downward. From this review, the Company identifies communities in which to assess if the carrying values exceed their undiscounted projected cash flows.
The Company estimates the fair value of its communities using a discounted cash flow model. The projected cash flows for each community are significantly impacted by estimates related to market supply and demand, product type by community, homesite sizes, sales pace, sales prices, sales incentives, construction costs, sales and marketing expenses, the local economy, competitive conditions, labor costs, costs of materials and other factors for that particular community. Every division evaluates the historical performance of each of its communities as well as current trends in the market and economy impacting the community and its surrounding areas. These trends are analyzed for each of the estimates listed above.
Each of the homebuilding markets in which the Company operates is unique, as homebuilding has historically been a local business driven by local market conditions and demographics. Each of the Company’s homebuilding markets has specific supply and demand relationships reflective of local economic conditions. The Company’s projected cash flows are impacted by many assumptions. Some of the most critical assumptions in the Company’s cash flow model are projected absorption pace for home sales, sales prices and costs to build and deliver homes on a community by community basis.
In order to arrive at the assumed absorption pace for home sales and the assumed sales prices included in the Company’s cash flow model, the Company analyzes its historical absorption pace and historical sales prices in the community and in other comparable communities in the geographical area. In addition, the Company considers internal and external market studies and places greater emphasis on more current metrics and trends, which generally include, but are not limited to, statistics and forecasts on population demographics and on sales prices in neighboring communities, unemployment rates and availability and sales prices of competing product in the geographical area where the community is located as well as the absorption pace realized in its most recent quarters and the sales prices included in the Company's current backlog for such communities.
Generally, if the Company notices a variation from historical results over a span of two fiscal quarters, the Company considers such variation to be the establishment of a trend and adjusts its historical information accordingly in order to develop assumptions on the projected absorption pace and sales prices in the cash flow model for a community.
In order to arrive at the Company’s assumed costs to build and deliver homes, the Company generally assumes a cost structure reflecting contracts currently in place with its vendors adjusted for any anticipated cost reduction initiatives or increases in cost structure. Those costs assumed are used in the cash flow model for the Company’s communities.
Since the estimates and assumptions included in the Company’s cash flow models are based upon historical results and projected trends, they do not anticipate unexpected changes in market conditions or strategies that may lead the Company to incur additional impairment charges in the future.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

The determination of fair value requires discounting the estimated cash flows at a rate the Company believes a market participant would determine to be commensurate with the inherent risks associated with the assets and related estimated cash flow streams. The discount rate used in determining each asset’s fair value depends on the community’s projected life and development stage. The Company generally uses a discount rate of approximately 20%, subject to the perceived risks associated with the community’s cash flow streams relative to its inventory.
The Company estimates the fair value of inventory evaluated for impairment based on market conditions and assumptions made by management at the time the inventory is evaluated, which may differ materially from actual results if market conditions or assumptions change. For example, changes in market conditions and other specific developments or changes in assumptions may cause the Company to re-evaluate its strategy regarding previously impaired inventory, as well as inventory not currently impaired but for which indicators of impairment may arise if market deterioration occurs, and certain other assets that could result in further valuation adjustments and/or additional write-offs of option deposits and pre-acquisition costs due to abandonment of those options contracts.
As of November 30, 2018, the Company reviewed its communities for potential indicators of impairments and identified 25 homebuilding communities with 1,121 homesites and a carrying value of $211.3 million as having potential indicators of impairment. For the year ended November 30, 2018, the Company recorded valuation adjustments of $31.3 million on 733 homesites in six communities with a carrying value of $64.6 million.
As of November 30, 2017, the Company reviewed its communities for potential indicators of impairments and identified ten homebuilding communities with 630 homesites and a carrying value of $100.4 million as having potential indicators of impairment. For the year ended November 30, 2017, the Company recorded valuation adjustments of $7.9 million on 473 homesites in seven communities with a carrying value of $13.9 million.
The table below summarizes the most significant unobservable inputs used in the Company's discounted cash flow model to determine the fair value of its communities for which the Company recorded valuation adjustments during the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017:
 Years ended November 30,
 2018 2017
Unobservable inputsRange Range
Average selling price
$233,000
-
$843,000
 
$125,000
-$567,000
Absorption rate per quarter (homes)4
-16 4
-10
Discount rate20% 20%

The Company also has access to land inventory through option contracts, which generally enables the Company to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties and unconsolidated entities until it has determined whether to exercise its option.
A majority of the Company’s option contracts require a non-refundable cash deposit or irrevocable letter of credit based on a percentage of the purchase price of the land. The Company’s option contracts sometimes include price adjustment provisions, which adjust the purchase price of the land to its approximate fair value at the time of acquisition or are based on the fair value at the time of takedown.
In determining whether to walk away from an option contract, the Company evaluates the option primarily based upon its expected cash flows from the property under option. If the Company intends to walk away from an option contract, it records a charge to earnings in the period such decision is made for the deposit amount and any related pre-acquisition costs associated with the option contract.
Some option contracts contain a predetermined take-down schedule for the optioned land parcels. However, in almost all instances, the Company is not required to purchase land in accordance with those take-down schedules. In substantially all instances, the Company has the right and ability to not exercise its option and forfeit its deposit without further penalty, other than termination of the option and loss of any unapplied portion of its deposit and pre-acquisition costs. Therefore, in substantially all instances, the Company does not consider the take-down price to be a firm contractual obligation. When the Company does not intend to exercise an option, it writes off any unapplied deposit and pre-acquisition costs associated with the option contract.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
The Company evaluates the long-lived assets in unconsolidated entities for indicators of impairment during each reporting period. If a valuation adjustment is recorded by an unconsolidated entity related to its assets, the Company generally uses a discount rate between 10% and 20%, subject to the perceived risks associated with the community’s cash flow streams relative to its inventory or operating assets. The Company’s proportionate share of a valuation adjustment is reflected in the Company's Lennar Homebuilding or Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities with a corresponding decrease to its Lennar Homebuilding or Lennar Multifamily investment in unconsolidated entities.
Additionally, the Company evaluates if a decrease in the value of an investment below its carrying value is other-than-temporary. This evaluation includes certain critical assumptions made by management: (1) projected future distributions from the unconsolidated entities, (2) discount rates applied to the future distributions and (3) various other factors, which include age of the venture, relationships with the other partners and banks, general economic market conditions, land status and liquidity needs of the unconsolidated entity. If the decline in the fair value of the investment is other-than-temporary, then these losses are included in Lennar Homebuilding other income, net or Lennar Multifamily costs and expenses.
The Company tracks its share of cumulative earnings and distributions of its joint ventures ("JVs"). For purposes of classifying distributions received from JVs in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows, cumulative distributions are treated as returns on capital to the extent of cumulative earnings and included in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows as operating activities. Cumulative distributions in excess of the Company’s share of cumulative earnings are treated as returns of capital and included in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows as cash from investing activities.
Variable Interest Entities
GAAP requires the consolidation of VIEs in which an enterprise has a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
The Company’s variable interest in VIEs may be in the form of (1) equity ownership, (2) contracts to purchase assets, (3) management and development agreements between the Company and a VIE, (4) loans provided by the Company to a VIE or other partner and/or (5) guarantees provided by members to banks and other third parties. The Company examines specific criteria and uses its judgment when determining if it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. Factors considered in determining whether the Company is the primary beneficiary include risk and reward sharing, experience and financial condition of other partner(s), voting rights, involvement in day-to-day capital and operating decisions, representation on a VIE’s executive committee, existence of unilateral kick-out rights or voting rights, level of economic disproportionality, if any, between the Company and the other partner(s) and contracts to purchase assets from VIEs. The determination whether an entity is a VIE and, if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary may require it to exercise significant judgment.
Generally, all major decision making in the Company’s joint ventures is shared among all partners. In particular, business plans and budgets are generally required to be unanimously approved by all partners. Usually, management and other fees earned by the Company are nominal and believed to be at market and there is no significant economic disproportionality between the Company and other partners. Generally, the Company purchases less than a majority of the JV’s assets and the purchase prices under its option contracts are believed to be at market.
Generally, Lennar Homebuilding and Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities become VIEs and consolidate when the other partner(s) lack the intent and financial wherewithal to remain in the entity. As a result, the Company continues to fund operations and debt paydowns through partner loans or substituted capital contributions.
Operating Properties and Equipment
Operating properties and equipment are recorded at cost and are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The assets are depreciated over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. At the time operating properties and equipment are disposed of, the asset and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to earnings. The estimated useful life for operating properties is 30 years, for furniture, fixtures and equipment is two to ten years and for leasehold improvements is five years or the life of the lease, whichever is shorter. Operating properties are reviewed for possible impairment if there are indicators that their carrying amounts are not recoverable.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Investment Securities
Investment securities are classified as available-for-sale unless they are classified as trading or held-to-maturity. Securities classified as trading are carried at fair value and unrealized holding gains and losses are recorded in earnings. Available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value. Any unrealized holding gains or losses on available-for-sale securities are reported as accumulated other comprehensive gain or loss, which is a separate component of stockholders’ equity, net of tax, until realized. Securities classified as held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost because they are purchased with the intent and ability to hold to maturity.
At November 30, 20172018 and 20162017, the Lennar Financial Services segment had investment securities classified as held-to-maturity totaling $52.3$52.5 million and $42.052.3 million, respectively, which consist mainly of corporate debt obligations, U.S. government agency obligations, certificates of deposit and U.S. treasury securities that mature at various dates, mainly within fivethree years. Also, at November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the Lennar Financial Services segment had available-for-sale securities totaling $57.4$4.2 million and $53.6$57.4 million, respectively, which consist primarily of preferred stock and mutual funds. These investments available-for-sale are carried at fair value with changes recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
In addition, at November 30, 20172018 and 20162017, the Rialto segment had investment securities classified as held-to-maturity totaling $179.7$197.0 million and $71.3$179.7 million, respectively. The Rialto segment held-to-maturity securities consist of commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS").
At both November 30, 20172018 and 20162017, the Company had no investment securities classified as trading.
Interest and Real Estate Taxes
Interest and real estate taxes attributable to land and homes are capitalized as inventory costs while they are being actively developed. Interest related to homebuilding and land, including interest costs relieved from inventories, is included in costs of homes sold and costs of land sold. Interest expense related to the Lennar Financial Services operations is included in its costs and expenses.
During the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015,2016, interest incurred by the Company’s homebuilding operations related to homebuilding debt was $423.7 million, $290.3 million $281.4 million and $288.5$281.4 million, respectively; interest capitalized into inventories was $412.5 million, $283.2 million $276.8 million and $276.1$276.8 million, respectively.
Interest expense was included in costs of homes sold, costs of land sold and other interest expense as follows:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Interest expense in costs of homes sold$301,339
 260,650
 235,148
Interest expense in costs of land sold3,567
 9,995
 5,287
Other interest expense (1)11,258
 7,164
 4,626
Total interest expense$316,164
 277,809
 245,061
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Interest expense in costs of homes sold$260,650
 235,148
 205,200
Interest expense in costs of land sold9,995
 5,287
 2,493
Other interest expense (1)7,164
 4,626
 12,454
Total interest expense$277,809
 245,061
 220,147

(1)Included in Lennar Homebuilding other income, net.
Income Taxes
The Company records income taxes under the asset and liability method, whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and attributable to operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or paid. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the period when the changes are enacted. Interest related to unrecognized tax benefits is recognized in the financial statements as a component of income tax expense.
A reduction of the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance is required if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. Accordingly, the need to establish valuation allowances for deferred tax assets is assessed each reporting period by the Company based on the consideration of all available positive and negative evidence using a "more-likely-than-not" standard with respect to whether deferred tax assets will be realized. This assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses, actual earnings, forecasts of future profitability, the duration of statutory carryforward periods, the Company’s experience with loss carryforwards not expiring unused and tax planning alternatives.

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Based on the analysis of positive and negative evidence, the Company believed that there was enough positive evidence for the Company to conclude that it was more likely than not that the Company would realize the majority of its deferred tax assets. As of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the Company's net deferred tax assets included a valuation allowance of $6.4$7.2 million and $5.8$6.4 million, respectively. See Note 11 for additional information.
Other Liabilities
Reflected within the consolidated balance sheets, the other liabilities balance as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, included accrued interest payable, product warranty (as noted below), accrued bonuses, accrued wages and benefits, deferred income, customer deposits, income taxes payable, and other accrued liabilities.
Product Warranty
Warranty and similar reserves for homes are established at an amount estimated to be adequate to cover potential costs for materials and labor with regard to warranty-type claims expected to be incurred subsequent to the delivery of a home. Reserves are determined based on historical data and trends with respect to similar product types and geographical areas. The Company regularly monitors the warranty reserve and makes adjustments to its pre-existing warranties in order to reflect changes in trends and historical data as information becomes available. Warranty reserves are included in Lennar Homebuilding other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The activity in the Company’s warranty reserve was as follows:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Warranty reserve, beginning of year$164,619
 135,403
Warranties issued175,410
 109,359
Adjustments to pre-existing warranties from changes in estimates (1)3,116
 16,027
Warranties assumed related to acquisitions140,959
 6,345
Payments(164,995) (102,515)
Warranty reserve, end of year$319,109
 164,619
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Warranty reserve, beginning of year$135,403
 130,853
Warranties issued109,359
 96,934
Adjustments to pre-existing warranties from changes in estimates (1)16,027
 2,079
Warranties assumed related to the WCI acquisition6,345
 
Payments(102,515) (94,463)
Warranty reserve, end of year$164,619
 135,403

(1)The adjustments to pre-existing warranties from changes in estimates during the years ended November 30, 20172018 and 20162017 primarily related to specific claims in certain of the Company's homebuilding communities and other adjustments.
Self-Insurance
Certain insurable risks such as construction defects, general liability, medical and workers’ compensation are self-insured by the Company up to certain limits. Undiscounted accruals for claims under the Company’s self-insurance program are based on claims filed and estimates for claims incurred but not yet reported. The Company’s self-insurance reserve as of November 30, 2018 and 2017 and 2016 was $90.2$101.4 million and $87.6$90.2 million of which $57.7$60.3 million and $57.4$57.7 million, respectively, was included in Lennar Financial Services’ other liabilities as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016.2017. Amounts incurred in excess of the Company's self-insurance occurrence or aggregate retention limits are covered by insurance up to the Company's purchased coverage levels. The Company's insurance policies are maintained with highly-rated underwriters for whom the Company believes counterparty default risk is not significant.
Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in earnings of the Company.
All outstanding nonvested shares that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents that participate in undistributed earnings with common stock are considered participating securities and are included in computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to dividends or dividend equivalents and participation rights in undistributed earnings. The Company’s restricted common stock ("nonvested shares") are considered participating securities.





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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Lennar Financial Services
Revenue Recognition
Title premiums on policies issued directly by the Company are recognized as revenue on the effective date of the title policies and escrow fees and loan origination revenues are recognized at the time the related real estate transactions are completed, usually upon the close of escrow. Revenues from title policies issued by independent agents are recognized as revenue when notice of issuance is received from the agent, which is generally when cash payment is received by the Company. Expected gains and losses from the sale of loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings at the time of commitment. Interest income on loans held-for-sale and loans held-for-investment is recognized as earned over the terms of the mortgage loans based on the contractual interest rates.
Loans Held-for-Sale
Loans held-for-sale by the Lennar Financial Services segment, including the rights to service the mortgage loans, are carried at fair value and changes in fair value are reflected in earnings. Premiums and discounts recorded on these loans are presented as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the loans and are not amortized. Management believes carrying loans held-for-sale at fair value improves financial reporting by mitigating volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring the fair value of the loans and the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions.
In addition, the Lennar Financial Services segment recognizes the fair value of its rights to service a mortgage loan as revenue upon entering into an interest rate lock loan commitment with a borrower. The fair value of these servicing rights is included in Lennar Financial Services' other assets as of November 30, 20172018 and 20162017. Fair value of the servicing rights is determined based on values in the Company’s servicing sales contracts.
Provision for Losses
The Company establishes reserves for possible losses associated with mortgage loans previously originated and sold to investors based upon, among other things, an analysis of repurchase requests received, an estimate of potential repurchase claims not yet received and actual past repurchases and losses through the disposition of affected loans, as well as previous settlements. Loan origination liabilities are included in Lennar Financial Services’ liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The activity in the Company’s loan origination liabilities was as follows:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Loan origination liabilities, beginning of year$22,543
 24,905
Provision for losses5,787
 3,861
Adjustments to pre-existing provisions for losses from changes in estimates4,625
 (4,440)
Origination liabilities assumed related to CalAtlantic acquisition29,959
 
Payments/settlements(14,330) (1,783)
Loan origination liabilities, end of year$48,584
 22,543
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Loan origination liabilities, beginning of year$24,905
 19,492
Provision for losses3,861
 4,627
Adjustments to pre-existing provisions for losses from changes in estimates(4,440) 1,224
Payments/settlements(1,783) (438)
Loan origination liabilities, end of year$22,543
 24,905
Loans Held-for-Investment, Net
Loans for which the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity consist of mortgage loans carried at the principal amount outstanding, net of unamortized discounts and allowance for loan losses. Discounts are amortized over the estimated lives of the loans using the interest method.
The Lennar Financial Services segment also provides an allowance for loan losses. The provision recorded and the adequacy of the related allowance is determined by management’s continuing evaluation of the loan portfolio in light of past loan loss experience, credit worthiness and nature of underlying collateral, present economic conditions and other factors considered relevant by the Company’s management. Anticipated changes in economic factors, which may influence the level of the allowance, are considered in the evaluation by the Company’s management when the likelihood of the changes can be reasonably determined. While the Company’s management uses the best information available to make such evaluations, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary as a result of future economic and other conditions that may be beyond management’s control.

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Derivative Financial Instruments
The Lennar Financial Services segment, in the normal course of business, uses derivative financial instruments to reduce its exposure to fluctuations in mortgage-related interest rates. The segment uses mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") forward commitments, option contracts, future contracts and investor commitments to protect the value of fixed rate-locked loan commitments and loans held-for-sale from fluctuations in mortgage-related interest rates. These derivative financial instruments are carried at fair value with the changes in fair value included in Lennar Financial Services revenues.
Rialto
Management Fee Revenue
The Rialto segment provides services to a variety of legal entities and investment vehicles such as funds, joint ventures, co-invests, and other private equity structures to manage their respective investments. As a result, Rialto earns and receives management fees, underwriting fees and due diligence fees. These fees are included in Rialto revenues and are recorded over the period in which the services are performed, fees are determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Rialto receives investment management fees from investment vehicles based on 1) a percentage of committed or called capital during the commitment period and called capital after the commitment period ends and 2) a percentage of invested capital less the portion of such invested capital utilized to acquire investments that have been sold (in whole or in part) or liquidated. Fees earned for underwriting and due diligence services are based on actual costs incurred. In certain situations, Rialto may earn additional fees when the return on assets managed exceeds contractually established thresholds. Such revenue is only booked when the contract terms are met, the contract is at, or near, completion and the amounts are known and collectability is reasonably assured. Since such revenue is recognized during the latter half of the life of the investment vehicle, after substantially all of the assets have been sold and investment gains and losses realized, the possibility of claw backs is limited. In addition, Rialto may also receive tax distributions in order to cover income tax obligations resulting from allocations of taxable income due to Rialto's carried interests in the funds. These distributions are not subject to clawbacks and therefore are recorded as revenue when received.
Rialto Mortgage Finance - Loans Held-for-Sale
The originated mortgage loans are classified as loans held-for-sale and are recorded at fair value. The Company elected the fair value option for RMF's loans held-for-sale in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 825, Financial Instruments, which permits entities to measure various financial instruments and certain other items at fair value on a contract-by-contract basis. Management believes that carrying loans held-for-sale at fair value improves financial reporting by mitigating volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring the fair value of the loans and the derivative instruments, which are also carried at fair value, used to economically hedge them without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. Changes in fair values of the loans are reflected in Rialto revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Interest income on these loans is calculated based on the interest rate of the loan and is recorded in Rialto revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Substantially all of the mortgage loans originated are sold within a short period of time in a securitization on a servicing released, non-recourse basis; although, the Company remains liable for certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties related to loan sales. The Company recognizes revenue on the sale of loans into securitization trusts when control of the loans has been relinquished. In 2010, the Rialto segment acquired indirectly 40% managing member equity interests in two limited liability companies ("LLCs") in partnership with the FDIC ("FDIC Portfolios"). The LLCs met the accounting definition of VIEs and since the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary, the Company consolidated the LLCs. The Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary because it has the power to direct the activities of the LLCs that most significantly impact the LLCs' performance through Rialto's management and servicer contracts. In February 2017, the FDIC exercised its “clean-up call rights” under the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement. As a result, Rialto had until July 10, 2017 to liquidate and sell the assets in the FDIC Portfolios. On July 10, 2017, Rialto and the FDIC entered into an agreement which extended the original agreement date to January 10, 2018. At November 30, 2017, the consolidated LLCs had total combined assets of $48.8 million, which primarily included $23.8 million in cash, $20.0 million of real estate owned, net and $1.6 million of loans held-for-sale. As of January 11, 2018, (1) the FDIC can, at its discretion, sell any remaining assets, or (2) Rialto has the option to purchase the FDIC's interest in the portfolios. As of January 19, 2018, there were only four assets with a carrying value totaling $0.3 million which were not under contract to sell.
Real Estate Owned
Real estate owned ("REO") represents real estate that the Rialto segment has taken control in partial or full satisfaction of loans receivable. At the time of acquisition of a property through foreclosure of a loan, REO is recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell if classified as held-for-sale or at fair value if classified as held-and-used, which becomes the property’s new basis. The fair values of these assets are determined in part by placing reliance on third-party appraisals of the properties
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and/or internally prepared analyses of recent offers or prices on comparable properties in the proximate vicinity. The third-party appraisals and internally developed analyses are significantly impacted by the local market economy, market supply and demand, competitive conditions and prices on comparable properties, adjusted for anticipated date of sale, location, property size, and other factors. Each REO is unique and is analyzed in the context of the particular market where the property is located. In order to establish the significant assumptions for a particular REO, the Company analyzes historical trends, including trends achieved by the Company's local homebuilding operations, if applicable, and current trends in the market and economy impacting the REO. Using available trend information, the Company then calculates its best estimate of fair value, which can include projected cash flows discounted at a rate the Company believes a market participant would determine to be commensurate with the inherent risks associated with the assets and related estimated cash flow streams. These methods use unobservable inputs to develop fair value for the Company’s REO. Due to the volume and variance of unobservable inputs, resulting from the uniqueness of each of the Company's REO, the Company does not use a standard range of unobservable inputs with respect to its evaluation of REO. However, for operating properties included within REO, the Company may also use estimated cash flows multiplied by a capitalization rate to determine the fair value of the property. Generally, the capitalization rates used to estimate fair value ranged from 8% to 12% and varied based on the location of the asset, asset type and occupancy rates for the operating properties.
Changes in economic factors, consumer demand and market conditions, among other things, could materially impact estimates used in the third-party appraisals and/or internally prepared analyses of recent offers or prices on comparable properties. Thus, estimates can differ significantly from the amounts ultimately realized by the Rialto segment from disposition of these assets. The amount by which the recorded investment in the loan is less than the REO’s fair value (net of estimated cost to sell if held-for-sale), is recorded as an unrealized gain upon foreclosure in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The amount by which the recorded investment in the loan is greater than the REO’s fair value (net of estimated cost to sell if held-for-sale) is recorded as a provision for loan losses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
Additionally, REO includes real estate which Rialto has purchased directly from financial institutions. These REOs are recorded at cost or allocated cost if purchased in a bulk transaction.
Subsequent to obtaining REO via foreclosure or directly from a financial institution, management periodically performs valuations using the methodologies described above such that the real estate is carried at the lower of its carrying value or current fair value, less estimated costs to sell if classified as held-for-sale. Held-and-used assets are tested for recoverability whenever changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable, and impairment losses are recorded for any amount by which the carrying value exceeds its fair value. Any subsequent impairment losses, operating expenses or income, and gains and losses on disposition of such properties are also recognized in Rialto other income (expense), net. REO assets classified as held-and-used are depreciated using a useful life of forty years for commercial properties and twenty seven and a half years for residential properties. REO assets classified as held-for-sale are not depreciated. Occasionally an asset will require certain improvements to yield a higher return. In accordance with ASC 970-340-25, Real Estate, construction costs incurred prior to acquisition or during development of the asset may be capitalized.
Derivative Instruments
The Rialto segment, in the normal course of business, uses derivative financial instruments on loans held-for-sale in order to minimize its exposure to fluctuations in mortgage-related interest rates as well as lessen its credit risk. The segment hedges interest rate exposure by entering into interest rate swaps and swap futures. These derivative financial instruments are carried at fair value with derivative instruments in gain positions recorded in other assets while derivative instruments in loss positions are recorded in other liabilities.
Consolidations of Variable Interest Entities
In 2010, the Rialto segment acquired indirectly 40% managing member equity interests in two limited liability companies ("LLCs"), in partnership with the FDIC. The Company determined that each of the LLCs met the definition of a VIE and that the Company was the primary beneficiary. In accordance with ASC 810-10-65-2, Consolidations, ("ASC 810-10-65-2"), the Company identified the activities that most significantly impact the LLCs’ economic performance and determined that it has the power to direct those activities. The economic performance of the LLCs is most significantly impacted by the performance of the LLCs’ portfolios of assets, which consisted primarily of distressed residential and commercial mortgage loans. Thus, the activities that most significantly impact the LLCs’ economic performance are the servicing and disposition of mortgage loans and real estate obtained through foreclosure of loans, restructuring of loans, or other planned activities associated with the monetizing of loans. At November 30, 2017, these consolidated LLCs had total combined assets and liabilities of $48.8 million and $2.2 million, respectively. At November 30, 2016, these consolidated LLCs had total combined assets and liabilities of $213.8 million and $10.3 million, respectively.
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The FDIC does not have the unilateral power to terminate the Company’s role in managing the LLCs and servicing the loan portfolios. While the FDIC has the right to prevent certain types of transactions (i.e., bulk sales, selling assets with recourse back to the selling entity, selling assets with representations and warranties and financing the sales of assets without the FDIC’s approval), the FDIC does not have full voting or blocking rights over the LLCs’ activities, making their voting rights protective in nature, not substantive participating voting rights. Other than as described in the preceding sentence, which are not the primary activities of the LLCs, the Company can cause the LLCs to enter into both the disposition and restructuring of loans without any involvement of the FDIC. Additionally, the FDIC has no voting rights with regard to the operation/management of the operating properties that are acquired upon foreclosure of loans (e.g. REO) and no voting rights over the business plans of the LLCs. The FDIC can make suggestions regarding the business plans, but the Company can decide not to follow the FDIC’s suggestions and not to incorporate them in the business plans. Since the FDIC’s voting rights are protective in nature and not substantive participating voting rights, the Company has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the LLCs’ economic performance.
In accordance with ASC 810-10-65-2, the Company determined that it had an obligation to absorb losses of the LLCs that could potentially be significant to the LLCs or the right to receive benefits from the LLCs that could potentially be significant to the LLCs based on the following factors:
Rialto/Lennar owns 40% of the equity of the LLCs and has the power to direct the activities of the LLCs that most significantly impact their economic performance through loan resolutions and the sale of REO.
Rialto/Lennar has a management/servicer contract under which the Company earns a 0.5% servicing fee.
Rialto/Lennar has guaranteed, as the servicer, its obligations under the servicing agreement up to $10 million.
The Company is aware that the FDIC, as the owner of 60% of the equity of each of the LLCs, may also have an obligation to absorb losses of the LLCs that could potentially be significant to the LLCs. However, in accordance with ASC 810-10-25-38A, only one enterprise, if any, is expected to be identified as the primary beneficiary of a VIE.
Since both criteria for consolidation in ASC 810-10-65-2 are met, the Company consolidated the LLCs.
Voting Interest Entities
Rialto Real Estate Fund, LP ("Fund I"), Rialto Real Estate Fund II, LP ("Fund II"), Rialto Real Estate Fund III ("Fund III"), Rialto Mezzanine Partners Fund, LP ("Mezzanine Fund") and the Rialto Credit Partnership, LP ("RCP") are unconsolidated entities and are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. They were determined to have the attributes of an investment company in accordance with ASC Topic 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies, the attributes of which are different from the attributes that would cause a company to be an investment company for purposes of the Investment Company Act of 1940. As a result, Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund, and the RCP's assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value with increases/decreases in fair value recorded in their respective statements of operations, the Company’s share of which is recorded in the Rialto equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities financial statement line item. The Company determined that Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund, and the RCP are not variable interest entities but rather voting interest entities due to the following factors:
The Company determined that Rialto’s general partner interest and all the limited partners’ interests qualify as equity investment at risk.
Based on the capital structure of Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund, and the RCP (100% capitalized via equity contributions), the Company was able to conclude that the equity investment at risk was sufficient to allow Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support.
The general partner and the limited partners in Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP, collectively, have full decision-making ability as they collectively have the power to direct the activities of Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP, since Rialto, in addition to being a general partner with a substantive equity investment in Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP, also provides services to Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP, under a management agreement and an investment agreement, which are not separable from Rialto’s general partnership interest.
As a result of all these factors, the Company has concluded that the power to direct the activities of Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund, and the RCP reside in its general partnership interest and thus with the holders of the equity investment at risk.
In addition, there are no guaranteed returns provided to the equity investors and the equity contributions are fully subjected to Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP's operational results, thus the equity investors absorb the expected negative and positive variability relative to Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP.
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Finally, substantially all of the activities of Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP are not conducted on behalf of any individual investor or related group that has disproportionately few voting rights (i.e., on behalf of any individual limited partner).
Having concluded that Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP are voting interest entities, the Company has evaluated the funds under the voting interest entity model to determine whether, as general partner, it has control over Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP. The Company determined that it does not control Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund or the RCP as its general partner, because the unaffiliated limited partners have substantial kick-out rights and can remove Rialto as general partner at any time for cause or without cause through a simple majority vote of the limited partners or in the case of the RCP, and individual limited partner. In addition, there are no significant barriers to the exercise of these rights. As a result of determining that the Company does not control Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund or the RCP under the voting interest entity model, Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Mezzanine Fund and the RCP are not consolidated in the Company’s financial statements.
Lennar Multifamily
Management Fees and General Contractor Revenue
The Lennar Multifamily segment provides management services with respect to the development, construction and property management of rental projects in joint ventures in which the Company has investments. As a result, the Lennar Multifamily segment earns and receives fees, which are generally based upon a stated percentage of development and construction costs and a percentage of gross rental collections. These fees are included in Lennar Multifamily revenue and are recorded over the period in which the services are performed, fees are determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. In addition, the Lennar Multifamily provides general contractor services for the construction of some of its rental projects and recognizes the revenue over the period in which the services are performed under the percentage of completion method.

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New Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, ("ASU 2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 provides a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. ASU 2014-09 will require an entity to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This update creates a five-step model that requires entities to exercise judgment when considering the terms of the contract(s) which include (i) identifying the contract(s) with the customer, (ii) identifying the separate performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determining the transaction price, (iv) allocating the transaction price to the separate performance obligations, and (v) recognizing revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied. In July 2015, the FASB deferred the effective date by one year and permitted early adoption of the standard, but not before the original effective date; therefore, ASU 2014-09 will bebecame effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning December 1, 2018 and subsequent interim periods. The Company hashad the option to apply the provisions of ASU 2014-09 either retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of applying this ASU recognized at the date of initial application. The Company is currently planning to adopt the modified retrospective method and is continuing to evaluate the impact the adoption of ASU 2014-09 will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Subsequent to the issuance of ASU 2014-09, the FASB has issued several ASUs such as ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), and ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients among others. These ASUs do not change the core principle of the guidance stated in ASU 2014-09, instead these amendments are intended to clarify and improve operability of certain topics included within the revenue standard. These ASUs will have the same effective date and transition requirements as ASU 2014-09. The Company is continuing to evaluateadopting the methodmodified retrospective method. The Company has substantially completed its evaluation and impactdoes not expect the adoption of these ASUs and ASU 2014-09 will have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.statements and disclosures.
In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments ("ASU 2015-16"). ASU 2015-16 requires an acquirer to recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. ASU 2015-16 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning December 1, 2017 and subsequent interim periods. The adoption of ASU 2015-16 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities ("ASU 2016-01"). ASU 2016-01 modifies how entities measure equity investments and present changes in the fair value of financial liabilities. Under the new guidance, entities will have to measure equity
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investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method at fair value and recognize any changes in fair value in net income unless the investments qualify for the new practicality exception. A practicality exception will apply to those equity investments that do not have a readily determinable fair value and do not qualify for the practical expedient to estimate fair value under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, and as such these investments may be measured at cost. ASU 2016-01 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning December 1, 2018 and subsequent interim periods. The adoption of ASU 2016-01 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases ("ASU 2016-02"), which provides guidance for accounting for leases. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to classify leases as either finance or operating leases and to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term greater than 12 months regardless of the lease classification. The lease classification will determine whether the lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest rate method or on a straight line basis over the term of the lease. Accounting for lessors remains largely unchanged from current GAAP. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning December 1, 2019 and subsequent interim periods. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, Subsequent to the issuance of ASU 2016-02, the FASB issued ASU 2016-07, Investments- Equity Method and Joint Ventures: Simplifying theASUs 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting ("ASU 2016-07"). ASU 2016-07 eliminates the requirement to apply the equity method of accounting retrospectively when a reporting entity obtains significant influence over a previously held investment. ASU 2016-07 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning December 1, 2017 and subsequent interim periods. The adoption of ASU 2016-07 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718):Topic 842, 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting ("Topic 842, Leases, 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements and2018-20, Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors. These ASUs do not change the core principle of the guidance in ASU 2016-09").2016-02, instead these amendments are intended to clarify and improve operability of certain topics included within the credit losses standard. This ASU 2016-09 simplifies several aspects related towill have the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, statutory tax withholdingsame effective date and transition requirements and classification on the statement of cash flows.as ASU 2016-09 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning December 1, 2017 and subsequent interim periods. The adoption of ASU 2016-09 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.2016-02.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASU 2016-13"). ASU 2016-13 significantly changes the impairment model for most
financial assets and certain other instruments. ASU 2016-13 will require immediate recognition of estimated credit losses
expected to occur over the remaining life of many financial assets, which will generally result in earlier recognition of
allowances for credit losses on loans and other financial instruments. ASU 2016-13 is effective for the Company's fiscal year
beginning December 1, 2020 and subsequent interim periods. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements. Subsequent to the issuance of ASU 2016-13, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. This ASU does not change the core principle of the guidance in ASU 2016-13, instead these amendments are intended to clarify and improve operability of certain topics included within the credit losses standard. This ASU will have the same effective date and transition requirements as ASU 2016-13.

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In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments ("ASU 2016-15"). ASU 2016-15 reduces the existing diversity in practice in financial reporting across all industries by clarifying certain existing principles in ASC 230, Statement of Cash Flows, including providing additional guidance on how and what an entity should consider in determining the classification of certain cash flows. Additionally, in November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Restricted Cash ("ASU 2016-18"). ASU 2016-18 clarifies certain existing principles in ASC 230, Statement of Cash Flows, including providing additional guidance related to transfers between cash and restricted cash and how entities present, in their statement of cash flows, the cash receipts and cash payments that directly affect the restricted cash accounts. Both ASU 2016-15 and ASU 2016-18 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning December 1, 2018 and subsequent interim periods. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 will modify the Company's current disclosures and reclassifications within the consolidated statement of cash flows but is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805), Clarifying the Definition of a Business ("ASU 2017-01"). ASU 2017-01 clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of addressing whether transactions involving in-substance nonfinancial assets, held directly or in a subsidiary, should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of nonfinancial assets or of businesses. ASU 2017-01 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning December 1, 2018 and subsequent interim periods. The adoption of ASU 2017-01 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment ("ASU 2017-04"). ASU 2017-04 removes the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. ASU 2017-04 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning December 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment
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tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2017-04 will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Reclassifications/Revisions
Certain prior year amounts in the consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform with the 20172018 presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.


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2. Business Acquisition
Acquisition of CalAtlantic Group, Inc.
On October 29, 2017,February 12, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of CalAtlantic Group, Inc. (“CalAtlantic”) through a transaction in which CalAtlantic was merged with and into a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub”) entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with CalAtlantic Group, Inc. (" CalAtlantic"), a Delaware corporation. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, CalAtlantic will be merged with and into Merger Sub, with Merger Sub continuing as the surviving corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”). CalAtlantic buildswas a homebuilder which built homes across the homebuilding spectrum, from entry level to luxury, in over 43 metropolitan statistical areas spanning 19 states. CalAtlantic also providesprovided mortgage, title and escrow services. A primary reason for the acquisition was to increase local market concentration in order to generate synergies and efficiencies.
Under the termsBased on an evaluation of the Merger Agreement, CalAtlantic’s stockholders will receive 0.885 sharesprovisions of ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, ("ASC 805"), Lennar Corporation was determined to be the acquirer for accounting purposes. The purchase price accounting reflected in the accompanying financial statements is provisional and is based upon estimates and assumptions that are subject to change within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date pursuant to ASC 805). The measurement period remains open pending the completion of valuation procedures related to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. The $3.3 billion provisional amount allocated to goodwill in Lennar Homebuilding and the provisional amount of $175 million allocated to goodwill in Lennar Financial Services represents the excess of the Company’s Class A common stockpurchase price over the estimated fair value of assets acquired and 0.0177 sharesliabilities assumed.
The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation based on the estimated fair value of net assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:
(Dollars in thousands) 
CalAtlantic shares of common stock outstanding118,025,879
CalAtlantic shares electing cash conversion24,083,091
CalAtlantic shares exchanged93,942,788
Exchange ratio for Class A common stock0.885
Exchange ratio for Class B common stock0.0177
Number of shares of Lennar Class A common stock issued in exchange83,138,277
Number of shares of Lennar Class B common stock issued in exchange (due to Class B common stock dividend)1,662,172
  
Consideration attributable to Class A common stock$4,933,425
Consideration attributable to Class B common stock77,823
Consideration attributable to equity awards that convert upon change of control58,758
Consideration attributable to cash including fractional shares1,162,341
Total purchase price$6,232,347


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(In thousands) 
ASSETS 
Homebuilding: 
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and receivables, net$55,191
Inventories6,239,147
Intangible asset (1)8,000
Investments in unconsolidated entities151,900
Goodwill (2)3,305,792
Other assets561,151
Total Homebuilding assets10,321,181
Financial Services (2)355,128
Total assets$10,676,309
LIABILITIES 
Homebuilding: 
Accounts payable$306
Senior notes payable and other debts3,926,152
Other liabilities (3)374,656
Total Homebuilding liabilities4,301,114
Financial Services124,418
Total liabilities4,425,532
Noncontrolling interests (4)18,430
Total purchase price$6,232,347
(1)Intangible asset includes trade name. The amortization period for the trade name was approximately six months.
(2)Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and it is generally not deductible for income tax purposes. As of the Merger date, goodwill consisted primarily of expected greater efficiencies and opportunities due to increased concentration of local market share, reduced general and administrative costs and reduced homebuilding costs resulting from the merger and cost savings as a result of additional homebuilding and non-homebuilding synergies. The assignment of goodwill among the Company's reporting segments included $1.1 billion to Homebuilding East, $495.0 million to Homebuilding Central, $342.2 million to Homebuilding Texas, $1.4 billion to Homebuilding West, and $175.4 million to Lennar Financial Services.
(3)
Other liabilities includes contingencies assumed at the Merger date, which includes warranty and legal reserves. Warranty reserves for homes are established at an amount estimated to be adequate to cover potential costs for materials and labor with regard to warranty-type claims expected to be incurred subsequent to the delivery of a home. Warranty reserves are determined based on historical data and trends with respect to similar product types and geographical areas. Consistent with ASC 450, Contingencies, ("ASC450") legal reserves are established when a loss is considered probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.
(4)Fair value of noncontrolling interests was measured using discounted cash flows of expected future contributions and distributions.
For the year ended November 30, 2018, Lennar Homebuilding revenue included $7.0 billion of revenues, and earnings before income taxes included $491.3 million of pre-tax earnings from CalAtlantic since the date of acquisition, which included acquisition and integration costs of $153.0 million. These acquisition and integration costs were comprised mainly of severance expenses and transaction costs and were included within the acquisition and integration costs related to CalAtlantic line item in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended November 30, 2018.
The following presents summarized unaudited supplemental pro forma operating results as if CalAtlantic had been included in the Company's Class B common stock for each shareConsolidated Statements of CalAtlantic’s common stock. However,Operations beginning December 1, 2016.
  Years Ended November 30,
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) 2018 2017
Revenues from home sales $20,355,615
 17,471,128
Net earnings (1) $1,693,325
 1,232,917
Earnings per share:    
Basic $5.19
 3.78
Diluted $5.18
 3.75

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(1)Net earnings for the year ended November 30, 2018 include a pre-tax impact from acquisition and integration costs related to CalAtlantic of $153.0 million. Additionally, net earnings for the year ended November 30, 2018 include purchase accounting adjustments of $414.6 million on CalAtlantic homes that were in backlog/construction in progress at the acquisition date that were subsequently delivered.
The supplemental pro forma operating results have been determined after adjusting the Company will pay $48.26 per share in cash for 24,083,091 of the sharesoperating results of CalAtlantic common stock (the "Cash Election Option")to reflect additional amortization that would have been recorded assuming the fair value adjustment to intangible assets had been applied beginning December 1, 2016. Certain other adjustments, including those related to conforming accounting policies and adjusting acquired inventory to fair value, have not been reflected in lieu of receiving the Company’s Class A and Class B common stock, which will total approximately $1.16 billion. The Cash Election Option will be subject to prorationsupplemental pro forma operating results due to the extent they exceed the maximum cash amount. No fractional sharesimpracticability of the Company’s Class A or Class B common stock will be issued in the Merger. Any holderestimating their impacts.
Acquisition of CalAtlantic’s common stock who would be entitled to receive a fraction of a share of the Company’s Class A or Class B common stock will instead receive cash equal to the market value of a share of such Class A common stock (based on the last sale price reported on the New York Stock Exchange on the last trading day before the closing date). On a pro forma basis, CalAtlantic stockholders are expected to own approximately 26% of the combined company. The transaction is expected to close in February 2018.WCI Communities, Inc.
On February 10, 2017, the Company acquired WCI Communities, Inc. ("WCI") a homebuilder of luxury single and multifamily homes, including a small percentage of luxury high-rise tower units, with operations in Florida. WCI stockholders received 642.6$642.6 million in cash. The cash consideration was funded primarily from working capital and from proceeds from the issuance of 4.125% senior notes due 2022 (see Note 7).
Based on an evaluation of the provisions of ASC Topic 805,Business Combinations, ("ASC 805"), Lennar Corporation was determined to be the acquirer for accounting purposes. The following table summarizes the provisional purchase price allocation based on the estimated fair value of net assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition, which are subject to change within a measurement period of up to one year from the acquisition date pursuant to ASC 805. The purchase price allocation of WCI is provisional pending completion of the fair value analysis of acquired assets and liabilities assumed:acquisition:
(In thousands) 
Assets: 
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and receivables, net$42,079
Inventories613,495
Intangible assets (1)59,283
Goodwill (2)156,566
Deferred tax assets, net88,147
Other assets66,173
Total assets1,025,743
Liabilities: 
Accounts payable26,735
Senior notes and other debts payable282,793
Other liabilities73,593
Total liabilities383,121
Total purchase price$642,622
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(1)Intangible assets include non-compete agreements and a trade name. The amortization period for these intangible assets was six months for the non-compete agreements and 20 years for the trade name.
(2)
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and it is not deductible for income tax purposes. As of the merger date, goodwill consisted primarily of purchasing and other synergies resulting from the merger, expected production, savings in corporate and division overhead costs and expected expanded opportunities for growth through a higher-end more luxurious product, greater presence in the state of Florida and customer diversity. The provisional amount of goodwill allocated to the Company's Homebuilding East segment was $136.6 million and to the Lennar Financial Services segment was $20.0 million. These provisional amounts were based on the relative fair value of each acquired reporting unit in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other.
For the year ended November 30, 2017, Lennar Homebuilding revenues included $494.7 million of home sales revenues from WCI and earnings before income taxes included $51.7 million of pre-tax earnings from WCI since the date of acquisition, which included transaction-related expenses of $28.1 million comprised mainly of severance costs, general and administrative expenses, and amortization expense related to non-compete agreements and trade name since the date of acquisition. These transaction expenses were included primarily within Lennar Homebuilding selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the year ended November 30, 2017. The pro forma effect of the acquisition on the results of operations is not presented as this acquisition was not considered material.



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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

3. Operating and Reporting Segments
The Company's homebuilding operations construct and sell homes primarily for first-time, move-up and active adult homebuyers primarily under the Lennar brand name. In addition, the Company's homebuilding operations purchase, develop and sell land to third parties. In connection with the CalAtlantic acquisition, the Company experienced significant growth in its operations. As a result, the Company's chief operating decision makers ("CODM") reassessed how they evaluate the business and allocate resources. The CODM manages and assesses the Company’s performance at a regional level. Therefore, the Company performed an assessment of its operating segments in accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting, (“ASC 280”) and fordetermined that each of its four homebuilding regions, financial services operations, multifamily operations and Rialto operations are its operating segments. Prior to this change, in accordance with the year ended November 30, 2017,aggregation criteria defined in ASC 280, the Company’s operating segments arewere aggregated into reportable segments, based primarily upon similar economic characteristics, geography and product type. TheAs of and for the year ended November 30, 2018, the Company’s reportable segments consist of:
(1)Homebuilding East
(2)Homebuilding Central
(3)Homebuilding WestTexas
(4)Lennar Financial ServicesHomebuilding West
(5)RialtoLennar Financial Services
(6)Lennar Multifamily
(7)Rialto
Information about homebuilding activities in statesthe Company's urban divisions which are not economically similar to other statesdivisions in the same geographic area is grouped under "Homebuilding Other," which is not considered a reportable segment. All prior periods have been adjusted to conform with the Company's current presentation.
Evaluation of segment performance is based primarily on operating earnings (loss) before income taxes. Operations of the Company’s homebuilding segments primarily include the construction and sale of single-family attached and detached homes, as well as the purchase, development and sale of residential land directly and through the Company’s unconsolidated entities. Operating earnings (loss) for the homebuilding segments consist of revenues generated from the sales of homes and land, equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities and other income (expense), net, less the cost of homes sold and land sold, selling, general and administrative expenses incurred by the segment and loss due to litigation.
The Company’s reportable homebuilding segments and all other homebuilding operations not required to be reported separately, have homebuilding divisions located in:
East: Florida,(1), Georgia, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina and South Carolina and Virginia
Central: Arizona, Colorado and Texas
West: California and Nevada
Other: Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Oregon, Tennessee and WashingtonVirginia
(1) Florida includes informationTexas: Texas
West: Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, Oregon, Utah and Washington
Other: Urban divisions and other homebuilding related to WCI from the date of acquisition (February 10, 2017) to November 30, 2017.investments, including FivePoint
Operations of the Lennar Financial Services segment include primarily mortgage financing, title insurance and closing services for both buyers of the Company’s homes and others. It also includes a real estate brokerage business acquired as part of the WCI transaction.transaction, which was sold subsequent to November 30, 2018. The Lennar Financial Services segment sells substantially all of the loans it originates within a short period in the secondary mortgage market, the majority of which are sold on a servicing released, non-recourse basis. After the loans are sold, the Company retains potential liability for possible claims by purchasers that it breached certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties in the loan sale agreements. Lennar Financial Services’ operating earnings consist of revenues generated primarily from mortgage financing, title insurance and closing services and commissions on realty estate brokerage, less the cost of such services and certain selling, general and administrative expenses incurred by the segment. The Lennar Financial Services segment operates generally in the same states as the Company’s homebuilding operations as well as in other states.
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Operations of the Rialto segment include commercial real estate investment, investment management, and finance company focused on raising, investing and managing third-party capital, originating and securitizingselling into securitizations commercial mortgage loans as well as investing itsour own capital in real estate related mortgage loans, properties and related securities. The Company sold its Rialto utilizesInvestment and Asset Management platform on November 30, 2018. The Company retained its vertically-integratedRialto Mortgage Finance business, which moved into its Financial Services segment as of December 1, 2018. The Company also retained its fund investments along with its carried interests in various Rialto funds and investments in other Rialto balance sheet assets. The Company's limited partner investments in Rialto funds and investment vehicles totaled $297.4 million at November 30, 2018, and operating platformthe Company is committed to underwrite, perform diligence, acquire, manage, workout and add value to diverse portfoliosinvest as much as an additional $71.6 million in Rialto funds.

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Table of real estate loans, properties and real estate related securities as well as providing strategic real estate capital. Rialto’s operating earnings consist of revenues generated primarily from gains from securitization transactions and interest income from the RMF business, interest income associated with portfolios of real estate loans acquired and other portfolios of real estate loans and assets acquired, asset management, due diligence and underwriting fees derived from the real estate investment funds managed by the Rialto segment, fees for sub-advisory services, other income (expense), net, and equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities, less the costs incurred by the segment for managing portfolios, costs related to RMF and other general and administrative expenses.Contents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Operations of the Lennar Multifamily segment include revenues generated from land sales, revenue from construction activities and management fees generated from joint ventures, and equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities, less the cost of land sold, expenses related to construction activities and general and administrative expenses.
Each reportable segment follows the same accounting policies described in Note 1—"Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" to the consolidated financial statements. Operational results of each segment are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have occurred had the segment been an independent, stand-alone entity during the periods presented.
Financial information relating to the Company’s operations was as follows:
 November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Assets:     
Homebuilding East$7,183,758
 3,817,454
 2,824,403
Homebuilding Central2,522,799
 1,275,623
 1,014,099
Homebuilding Texas2,311,760
 1,199,971
 1,229,696
Homebuilding West10,291,385
 5,432,485
 4,565,911
Homebuilding Other1,140,092
 1,125,160
 1,044,049
Lennar Financial Services2,346,899
 1,689,508
 1,754,672
Lennar Multifamily874,219
 710,725
 526,131
Rialto894,245
 1,153,840
 1,276,210
Corporate and unallocated1,001,024
 2,340,268
 1,126,610
Total assets$28,566,181
 18,745,034
 15,361,781
Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities:     
Homebuilding East$76,627
 68,670
 62,200
Homebuilding Central6,510
 2,971
 3,770
Homebuilding Texas1,902
 
 41
Homebuilding West311,200
 225,803
 217,322
Homebuilding Other600,687
 603,325
 528,390
Total Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities (1)$996,926
 900,769
 811,723
Lennar Multifamily investments in unconsolidated entities$481,129
 407,544
 318,559
Rialto investments in unconsolidated entities$297,379
 265,418
 245,741
Lennar Homebuilding goodwill (2)$3,442,359
 136,566
 
Lennar Financial Services goodwill (2)$237,688
 59,838
 39,838
Rialto goodwill$
 5,396
 5,396
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Assets:     
Homebuilding East (1)$4,754,581
 3,512,990
 3,140,604
Homebuilding Central2,037,905
 1,993,403
 1,902,581
Homebuilding West5,165,218
 4,318,924
 4,157,616
Homebuilding Other960,541
 907,523
 858,000
Lennar Financial Services1,689,508
 1,754,672
 1,425,837
Rialto1,153,840
 1,276,210
 1,505,500
Lennar Multifamily710,725
 526,131
 415,352
Corporate and unallocated2,272,716
 1,071,928
 1,014,019
Total assets$18,745,034
 15,361,781
 14,419,509
Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities:     
Homebuilding East$68,670
 62,900
 40,573
Homebuilding Central25,220
 36,031
 35,925
Homebuilding West791,995
 696,471
 649,170
Homebuilding Other14,884
 16,321
 15,883
Total Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities$900,769
 811,723
 741,551
Rialto investments in unconsolidated entities$265,418
 245,741
 224,869
Lennar Multifamily investments in unconsolidated entities$407,544
 318,559
 250,876
Lennar Homebuilding goodwill (2)$136,566
 
 
Lennar Financial Services goodwill (2)$59,838
 39,838
 38,854
Rialto goodwill$5,396
 5,396
 5,396

(1)Homebuilding East segment includesDoes not include the provisional fair values of homebuilding assets acquired($62.0) million investment balance for one unconsolidated entity as part of the WCI acquisition.it was reclassed to other liabilities.
(2)In connection with the CalAtlantic acquisition, the Company recorded a provisional amount of homebuilding goodwill of $3.3 billion. The assignment of goodwill among the Company's reporting segments included $1.1 billion to Homebuilding East, $495.0 million to Homebuilding Central, $342.2 million to Homebuilding Texas, $1.4 billion to Homebuilding West, and $175.4 million to Lennar Financial Services. In connection with the WCI acquisition in 2017, the Company allocated $136.6 million of goodwill to the Lennar Homebuilding East reportable segment and $20.0 million to the Lennar Financial Services segment. These amounts are provisional pending completion of the fair value analysis of acquired assets and liabilities.



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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
Revenues:          
Homebuilding East$4,612,565
 3,941,336
 3,563,678
$6,249,864
 4,054,849
 3,326,550
Homebuilding Central2,509,292
 2,283,579
 1,944,312
2,290,887
 923,518
 928,980
Homebuilding Texas2,421,399
 1,697,731
 1,543,112
Homebuilding West3,197,174
 2,757,658
 2,365,519
8,059,850
 4,447,084
 3,848,539
Homebuilding Other881,211
 758,764
 593,436
55,597
 77,060
 94,156
Lennar Financial Services770,109
 687,255
 620,527
867,831
 770,109
 687,255
Lennar Multifamily421,132
 394,771
 287,441
Rialto281,243
 233,966
 221,923
205,071
 281,243
 233,966
Lennar Multifamily394,771
 287,441
 164,613
Total revenues (1)$12,646,365
 10,949,999
 9,474,008
$20,571,631
 12,646,365
 10,949,999
Operating earnings (loss):          
Homebuilding East (2)$483,684
 617,175
 580,863
Homebuilding Central269,462
 245,975
 208,698
Homebuilding West (3)403,935
 396,346
 435,818
Homebuilding Other111,958
 85,436
 46,262
Homebuilding East$759,221
 575,701
 562,075
Homebuilding Central (2)182,608
 (52,301) 88,134
Homebuilding Texas172,449
 180,212
 170,311
Homebuilding West1,082,302
 615,916
 585,873
Homebuilding Other (3)58,070
 (50,489) (61,461)
Lennar Financial Services155,524
 163,617
 127,795
187,430
 155,524
 163,617
Rialto (4)(22,495) (16,692) 33,595
Lennar Multifamily (5)73,432
 71,174
 (7,171)
Lennar Multifamily (4)42,695
 73,432
 71,174
Rialto (5)(21,584) (22,495) (16,692)
Total operating earnings1,475,500
 1,563,031
 1,425,860
2,463,191
 1,475,500
 1,563,031
Gain on sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform296,407
 
 
Acquisition and integration costs related to CalAtlantic152,980
 
 
Corporate general and administrative expenses285,889
 232,562
 216,244
343,934
 285,889
 232,562
Earnings before income taxes$1,189,611
 1,330,469
 1,209,616
$2,262,684
 1,189,611
 1,330,469
(1)Total revenues were net of sales incentives of $1.1 billion ($23,500 per home delivered) for the year ended November 30, 2018, $665.7 million ($22,700 per home delivered) for the year ended November 30, 2017 and $596.3 million ($22,500 per home delivered) for the year ended November 30, 2016 and $518.1 million ($21,400 per home delivered) for the year ended November 30, 2015.2016.
(2)Homebuilding EastCentral operating earningsloss for the year ended November 30, 2017 included a $140 million loss due to litigation (see Note 17).
(3)For the year ended November 30, 2018, Homebuilding Other's operating earnings includes a $164.9 million gain on the sale of an 80% interest in one of the Company's strategic joint ventures, Treasure Island Holdings. For the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, Homebuilding West'sOther's operating earnings (loss) included an equity in loss from unconsolidated entities of $55.2$92.0 million and $49.7$47.6 million, respectively, refer to the following table for additional details.respectively.
(4)
For the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016, Lennar Multifamily's operating earnings included $35.6 million, $85.7 million and $85.5 million, respectively, of equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities and other gain primarily as a result of $61.2 million share of gains from the sale of six operating properties and an investment in an operating property for the year ended November 30, 2018, and $96.7 million and $91.0 million share of gains from the sale of seven operating properties for the years ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, by its unconsolidated entities.
(5)For the year ended November 30, 2018, Rialto's operating loss was primarily as a result of non-recurring expenses, partially offset by a decrease in real estate owned and loan impairments due to the liquidation of the FDIC and bank portfolios and a decrease in interest expense. For the year ended November 30, 2017, Rialto's operating loss included $96.2 million of gross REO and loan impairments ($44.7 million net of noncontrolling interests) as Rialto liquidated most of the remaining assets of the FDIC portfolio. For the year ended November 30, 2016, Rialto's operating loss included a $16.0 million write-off of uncollectible receivables related to a hospital, which was acquired through the resolution of one of Rialto's loans from a 2010 portfolio.
(5)
For the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, Lennar Multifamily's operating earnings included $85.7 million, $85.5 million and $19.5 million of equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities primarily as a result of $96.7 million, $91.0 million and $22.2 million, respectively, share of gains from the sale of seven, seven and two operating properties, respectively, by its unconsolidated entities.
      


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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Lennar Homebuilding interest expense:     
Homebuilding East$98,478
 85,761
 76,170
Homebuilding Central28,471
 21,061
 22,530
Homebuilding Texas32,930
 34,237
 33,009
Homebuilding West151,823
 135,574
 111,784
Homebuilding Other4,462
 1,176
 1,568
Total Lennar Homebuilding interest expense$316,164
 277,809
 245,061
Lennar Financial Services interest income, net$18,968
 13,331
 12,388
Rialto interest expense$24,312
 42,004
 40,303
Depreciation and amortization:     
Homebuilding East$20,614
 17,258
 16,268
Homebuilding Central5,285
 3,879
 3,727
Homebuilding Texas9,041
 8,228
 7,370
Homebuilding West36,013
 27,403
 23,391
Homebuilding Other1,022
 2,447
 2,284
Lennar Financial Services13,437
 9,992
 7,667
Lennar Multifamily4,357
 2,910
 2,472
Rialto5,723
 5,194
 7,590
Corporate and unallocated66,261
 50,369
 34,966
Total depreciation and amortization$161,753
 127,680
 105,735
Net additions to (disposals of) operating properties and equipment:     
Homebuilding East$26,402
 (27) (10,452)
Homebuilding Central14,677
 32
 33
Homebuilding Texas200
 (40) 2,340
Homebuilding West42,525
 32,995
 43,479
Homebuilding Other15,549
 10,833
 7,771
Lennar Financial Services7,703
 11,185
 6,218
Lennar Multifamily1,558
 12,657
 1,666
Rialto6,416
 4,115
 1,908
Corporate and unallocated55,364
 40,023
 12,645
Total net additions (disposals of) operating properties and equipment$170,394
 111,773
 65,608
Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities:     
Homebuilding East$(818) (754) (230)
Homebuilding Central691
 (255) (74)
Homebuilding Texas469
 8
 364
Homebuilding West(212) (13,095) (2,052)
Homebuilding Other (1)(92,045) (47,612) (47,283)
Total Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities$(91,915) (61,708) (49,275)
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities$51,322
 85,739
 85,519
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities$25,816
 25,447
 18,961
      
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Lennar Homebuilding interest expense:     
Homebuilding East$100,288
 92,541
 94,425
Homebuilding Central55,212
 48,879
 41,280
Homebuilding West103,100
 87,293
 70,397
Homebuilding Other19,209
 16,348
 14,045
Total Lennar Homebuilding interest expense$277,809
 245,061
 220,147
Lennar Financial Services interest income, net$13,331
 12,388
 13,547
Rialto interest expense$42,004
 40,303
 43,127
Depreciation and amortization:     
Homebuilding East$19,922
 18,713
 16,877
Homebuilding Central11,007
 10,328
 9,881
Homebuilding West22,741
 19,437
 17,683
Homebuilding Other4,772
 4,562
 4,477
Lennar Financial Services9,992
 7,667
 6,100
Rialto5,194
 7,590
 7,758
Lennar Multifamily2,910
 2,472
 1,110
Corporate and unallocated51,142
 34,966
 23,522
Total depreciation and amortization$127,680
 105,735
 87,408
Net additions to (disposals of) operating properties and equipment:     
Homebuilding East$2
 (10,379) 316
Homebuilding Central(48) 2,385
 (18)
Homebuilding West (1)13,912
 24,438
 (11,482)
Homebuilding Other (2)29,927
 26,727
 (72,472)
Lennar Financial Services11,185
 6,218
 3,306
Rialto4,115
 1,908
 9,382
Lennar Multifamily12,657
 1,666
 2,147
Corporate and unallocated40,023
 12,645
 27,466
Total net additions (disposals of) operating properties and equipment$111,773
 65,608
 (41,355)
Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities:     
Homebuilding East$1,413
 (230) 118
Homebuilding Central(7,447) 401
 75
Homebuilding West (3)(55,181) (49,731) 62,960
Homebuilding Other(493) 285
 220
Total Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities$(61,708) (49,275) 63,373
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities$25,447
 18,961
 22,293
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities$85,739
 85,519
 19,518

(1)
For the year ended November 30, 2017, net disposals of operating properties and equipment included the sale of an operating property with a basis of$47.0 million. For the year ended November 30, 2015, net disposals of operating properties and equipment included the sale of an operating property with a basis of$59.4 million.
(2)For the year ended November 30, 2015, net disposals of operating properties and equipment2018, equity in loss included the saleCompany's share of an operating property with a basis of $73.3 million.
(3)operational net losses from unconsolidated entities driven by valuation adjustments and general and administrative expenses, partially offset by profits from land sales. For the yearyears ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, equity in loss included the Company's share of operational net losses from unconsolidated entities driven by general and administrative expenses and valuation adjustments, partially offset by profits from land sales. For the year ended November 30, 2016, equity in loss included the Company's share of costs associated with the FivePoint combination (described in Note 5) and operational net losses from the new FivePoint unconsolidated entity, totaling $42.6 million, partially offset by $12.7 million of equity in earnings primarily due to sales of homesites to third parties by one of the Company's unconsolidated entities. For the year ended November 30, 2015, equity in earnings included $82.8 million of equity in earnings from one of the Company's unconsolidated entities.



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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)



4. Lennar Homebuilding Receivables
 November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Accounts receivable$115,642
 59,733
Mortgage and notes receivable123,796
 80,602
 239,438
 140,335
Allowance for doubtful accounts(2,597) (2,668)
 $236,841
 137,667

 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Accounts receivable$59,733
 67,296
Mortgage and notes receivable80,602
 39,788
 140,335
 107,084
Allowance for doubtful accounts(2,668) (108)
 $137,667
 106,976
At November 30, 20172018 and 20162017, Lennar Homebuilding accounts receivable related primarily to other receivables and rebates. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral for accounts receivable. Mortgages and notes receivable arising from the sale of homes and land are generally collateralized by the property sold to the buyer. Allowances are maintained for potential credit losses based on historical experience, present economic conditions and other factors considered relevant by the Company.


5. Lennar Homebuilding Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
Summarized condensed financial information on a combined 100% basis related to Lennar Homebuilding’s unconsolidated entities that are accounted for by the equity method was as follows:
Statements of Operations
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Revenues$525,931
 471,899
 439,874
Costs and expenses729,700
 616,217
 578,831
Other income (1)186,982
 23,253
 
Net loss of unconsolidated entities (1)$(16,787) (121,065) (138,957)
Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities (1)$(91,915) (61,708) (49,275)

(1)During the year ended November 30, 2018, other income was primarily due to FivePoint Holdings, LLC ("FivePoint) recording income resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017’s reduction in its corporate tax rate to reduce its liability pursuant to its tax receivable agreement (“TRA Liability”) with its non-controlling interests. However, the Company has a 70% interest in the FivePoint TRA Liability. Therefore, the Company did not include in Lennar Homebuilding’s equity in loss from unconsolidated entities the pro-rata share of earnings related to the Company's portion of the TRA Liability. As a result, the Company's unconsolidated entities have net losses of only $16.8 million, but the Company has an equity in loss from unconsolidated entities of $91.9 million.
For the year ended November 30, 2018, Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was
Statements of Operations
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Revenues$471,899
 439,874
 1,309,517
Costs and expenses616,217
 578,831
 969,509
Other income23,253
 
 49,343
Net earnings (loss) of unconsolidated entities$(121,065) (138,957) 389,351
Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities$(61,708) (49,275) 63,373
primarily attributable to our share of net operating losses from our unconsolidated entities which were primarily driven by valuation adjustments related to assets of Lennar Homebuilding's unconsolidated entities and general and administrative expenses, partially offset by profits from land sales.
For the year ended November 30, 2017, one of the Company’s unconsolidated entities had equity in earnings of $11.9 million relating to an equity method investee selling 475 homesites to a third-party land bank. Simultaneous with the purchase by the land bank, the Company entered into an option contract to purchase all 475 homesites from the land bank. Due to the Company’s continuing involvement with respect to the homesites sold from the investee entity, the Company deferred all of its equity in earnings from the unconsolidated entity relating to the sale transaction, which amounted to $4.9 million.
For the year ended November 30, 2017, Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was primarily attributable to the Company's share of net operating losses from the Company's unconsolidated entities which were primarily driven by general and administrative expenses and valuation adjustments related to assets of Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, partially offset by the profits from land sales.
For the year ended November 30, 2016, Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities was primarily attributable to the Company's share of costs associated with the FivePoint combination and operational net losses from the new FivePoint unconsolidated entity, totaling $42.6 million. This was partially offset by $12.7 million of equity in earnings primarily due to sales of homesites to third parties by one of the Company's unconsolidated entities.
For the year ended November 30, 2015, Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings included $82.8 million
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Table of equity in earnings from one of the Company's unconsolidated entities primarily due to (1) sales of approximately 800 homesites to a joint venture in which the Company has a 50% investment and for which the Company's portion of the gross profit from the sale was deferred, (2) sales of approximately 700 homesites and a commercial property to third parties and (3) a gain on debt extinguishment. In addition, for the year ended November 30, 2015, net earnings of unconsolidated entities included sales of approximately 300 homesites to Lennar by one of the Company's unconsolidated entities that resulted in $49.3 million of gross profit, of which the Company's portion was deferred.Contents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Balance Sheets
November 30,November 30,
(In thousands)2017 20162018 2017
Assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$953,261
 221,334
$782,565
 953,261
Inventories3,751,525
 3,889,795
4,291,470
 3,751,525
Other assets1,061,507
 1,334,116
1,251,884
 1,061,507
$5,766,293
 5,445,245
$6,325,919
 5,766,293
Liabilities and equity:      
Accounts payable and other liabilities$832,151
 791,245
$875,380
 832,151
Debt (1)737,331
 888,664
1,212,274
 737,331
Equity4,196,811
 3,765,336
4,238,265
 4,196,811
$5,766,293
 5,445,245
$6,325,919
 5,766,293
Lennar Homebuilding investments in unconsolidated entities (2)$996,926
 900,769
(1)
Debt presented above is net of debt issuance costs of $5.7$12.4 million and $4.2$5.7 million, as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, respectively.
The increase in debt in 2018 was primarily related to $500 million of senior notes issued by FivePoint.
In May 2016, the Company contributed, or obtained the right to contribute, its investment in three strategic joint ventures previously managed by FivePoint Communities in exchange for an investment in a FivePoint entity. The fair values of the assets contributed to this FivePoint entity are included within the unconsolidated entities summarized condensed balance sheet presented above. A portion of the assets of one of the three strategic joint ventures transferred to a new unconsolidated entity was retained by Lennar and its venture partner. The transactions did not have a material impact to the Company’s financial position or cash flows for the year ended November 30, 2016. For the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company recorded $42.6 million of its share of combination costs and operational net losses associated with FivePoint in equity in loss from unconsolidated entities on the consolidated statement of operations.
(2)Does not include the ($62.0) million investment balance for one unconsolidated entity as it was reclassed to other liabilities.
In May 2017, FivePoint completed its initial public offering ("IPO"). Concurrent with the IPO, the Company invested an additional $100 million in FivePoint in a private placement. As of November 30, 2017,2018, the Company owns approximately 40% of FivePoint and the carrying amount of the Company's investment is $359.2 million.was $342.7 million as of November 30, 2018.
As of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the Company’s recorded investments in Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities were $900.8$996.9 million and $811.7$900.8 million, respectively, while the underlying equity in Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities partners’ net assets as of both November 30, 20172018 and 20162017 was $1.3 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively.billion. The basis difference is primarily as a result of the Company contributing its investment in three strategic joint ventures with a higher fair value than book value for an investment in the FivePoint entity and deferring equity in earnings on land sales to the Company. TheIn 2017, the Company's recorded investments in Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities included $33.3 million of assets held-for-sale.
DuringIn 2017, the Company entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement and Payment Escrow Agreement ("Agreement") with one of its strategic joint ventures under which the Company agreed to sell 80% of the Company's interest in the joint venture to a third-party. Under the terms of the Agreement, the sale transaction was contingent upon the satisfaction of certain conditions. In January 2018, conditions were fulfilled and the transaction was closed resulting in gains of $164.9 million recorded in Lennar Homebuilding other income, net within the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the year ended November 30, 2015, one of the Company's unconsolidated entities sold approximately 800 homesites to a joint venture, in which the Company has a 50% investment, for $472 million of which $320 million was financed through a non-recourse note. This transaction resulted in $157.4 million of gross profit, of which the Company's portion was deferred.2018.
The Company’s partners generally are unrelated homebuilders, land owners/developers and financial or other strategic partners. The unconsolidated entities follow accounting principles that are in all material respects the same as those used by the Company. The Company shares in the profits and losses of these unconsolidated entities generally in accordance with its ownership interests. In many instances, the Company is appointed as the day-to-day manager under the direction of a management committee that has shared powers amongst the partners of the unconsolidated entities and the Company receives management fees and/or reimbursement of expenses for performing this function. During the years ended November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016, the Company received management fees and reimbursement of expenses, net of deferrals, from Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities totaling $7.0 million, $4.4 million $13.2and $13.2 million and $31.3 million, respectively.
The Company and/or its partners sometimes obtain options or enter into other arrangements under which the Company can purchase portions of the land held by the unconsolidated entities. Option prices are generally negotiated prices that approximate fair value when the Company receives the options. During the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016, and 2015,$169.5 million, $226.2 million $130.4 million and $177.6$130.4 million, respectively, of the unconsolidated entities’ revenues were from land sales to the Company. The Company does not include in its Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities its pro-rata share of unconsolidated entities’ earnings resulting from land sales to its homebuilding divisions. Instead, the Company accounts for those earnings as a reduction of the cost of purchasing the land from the unconsolidated entities. This in
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

effect defers recognition of the Company’s share of the unconsolidated entities’ earnings related to these sales until the Company delivers a home and title passes to a third-party homebuyer.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

The Lennar Homebuilding entities in which the Company has investments usually finance their activities with a combination of partner equity and debt financing. In some instances, the Company and its partners have guaranteed debt of certain unconsolidated entities.
The total debt of the Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities in which the Company has investments was as follows:
 November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2018 2017
Non-recourse bank debt and other debt (partner’s share of several recourse)$48,313
 64,197
Non-recourse land seller debt and other debt
 1,997
Non-recourse debt with completion guarantees239,568
 255,903
Non-recourse debt without completion guarantees (1)871,088
 351,800
Non-recourse debt to the Company1,158,969
 673,897
The Company’s maximum recourse exposure (2)65,707
 69,181
Debt issuance costs(12,402) (5,747)
Total debt$1,212,274
 737,331
The Company’s maximum recourse exposure as a % of total JV debt5% 9%
 November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2017 2016
Non-recourse bank debt and other debt (partner’s share of several recourse)$64,197
 48,945
Non-recourse land seller debt and other debt (1)1,997
 323,995
Non-recourse debt with completion guarantees255,903
 147,100
Non-recourse debt without completion guarantees351,800
 320,372
Non-recourse debt to the Company673,897
 840,412
The Company’s maximum recourse exposure (2)69,181
 52,438
Debt issuance costs(5,747) (4,186)
Total debt$737,331
 888,664
The Company’s maximum recourse exposure as a % of total JV debt9% 6%

(1)Non-recourse land sellerThe increase in non-recourse debt and other debt as of November 30, 2016, included a $320 million non-recourse notewithout completion guarantees was primarily related to a transaction between one$500 million of the Company's unconsolidated entities and another unconsolidated joint venture, which was settled in December 2016.senior notes issued by FivePoint.
(2)As of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the Company's maximum recourse exposure was primarily related to the Company providing a repayment guarantee on threefour unconsolidated entities' debt and twothree unconsolidated entities' debt, respectively.
In most instances in which the Company has guaranteed debt of a Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity, the Company’s partners have also guaranteed that debt and are required to contribute their share of the guarantee payments. In a repayment guarantee, the Company and its venture partners guarantee repayment of a portion or all of the debt in the event of default before the lender would have to exercise its rights against the collateral.
In connection with many of the loans to Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities, the Company and its joint venture partners (or entities related to them) have been required to give guarantees of completion to the lenders. Those completion guarantees may require that the guarantors complete the construction of the improvements for which the financing was obtained. If the construction is to be done in phases, the guarantee generally is limited to completing only the phases as to which construction has already commenced and for which loan proceeds were used.
If the Company is required to make a payment under any guarantee, the payment would constitute a capital contribution or loan to the Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity and increase the Company's investment in the unconsolidated entity and its share of any funds the entity distributes.
As of both November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the fair values of the repayment guarantees and completion guarantees were not material. The Company believes that as of November 30, 2017,2018, in the event it becomes legally obligated to perform under a guarantee of the obligation of a Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity due to a triggering event under a guarantee, the collateral should be sufficient to repay at least a significant portion of the obligation or the Company and its partners would contribute additional capital into the venture. In certain instances, the Company has placed performance letters of credit and surety bonds with municipalities for its joint ventures (see Note 7).

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


6. Lennar Homebuilding Operating Properties and Equipment
Operating properties and equipment are included in Lennar Homebuilding other assets in the consolidated balance sheets and were as follows:
 November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Operating properties (1)$255,203
 188,073
Leasehold improvements (2)61,990
 52,185
Furniture, fixtures and equipment (2)141,466
 79,082
 458,659
 319,340
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(138,798) (104,272)
 $319,861
 215,068
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Operating properties (1)$188,073
 151,461
Leasehold improvements52,185
 40,513
Furniture, fixtures and equipment79,082
 68,579
 319,340
 260,553
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(104,272) (86,939)
 $215,068
 173,614

(1)Operating properties primarily include rental operations and commercial properties. During the year ended November 30, 2017, the Company acquired an operating property with an allocated fair value of $34.0 million as part of the WCI acquisition and sold an operating property with a basis of $47.0 million.
(2)Increase primarily related to assets from CalAtlantic acquisition.


7. Lennar Homebuilding Senior Notes and Other Debts Payable
 November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2018 2017
0.25% convertible senior notes due 2019$1,291
 
4.500% senior notes due 2019499,585
 498,793
4.50% senior notes due 2019599,176
 598,325
6.625% senior notes due 2020 (1)311,735
 
2.95% senior notes due 2020298,838
 298,305
8.375% senior notes due 2021 (1)435,897
 
4.750% senior notes due 2021498,111
 497,329
6.25% senior notes due December 2021 (1)315,283
 
4.125% senior notes due 2022596,894
 595,904
5.375% senior notes due 2022 (1)261,055
 
4.750% senior notes due 2022570,564
 569,484
4.875% senior notes due December 2023395,759
 394,964
4.500% senior notes due 2024646,078
 645,353
5.875% senior notes due 2024 (1)452,833
 
4.750% senior notes due 2025497,114
 496,671
5.25% senior notes due 2026 (1)409,133
 
5.00% senior notes due 2027 (1)353,275
 
4.75% senior notes due 2027892,297
 892,657
4.125% senior notes due December 2018
 274,459
6.95% senior notes due 2018
 249,342
Mortgage notes on land and other debt508,950
 398,417
 $8,543,868
 6,410,003

(1)These notes were obligations of CalAtlantic when it was acquired, and were subsequently exchanged in part for notes of Lennar Corporation as follows: $267.7 million principal amount of 6.625% senior notes due 2020, $397.6 million principal amount of 8.375% senior notes due 2021, $292.0 million principal amount of 6.25% senior notes due 2021, $240.8 million principal amount of 5.375% senior notes due 2022, $421.4 million principal amount of 5.875% senior notes due 2024, $395.5 million principal amount of 5.25% senior notes due 2026 and $347.3 million principal amount of 5.00% senior notes due 2027. As part of purchase accounting, the senior notes have been recorded at their fair value as of the date of acquisition (February 12, 2018).

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
 November 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2017 2016
6.95% senior notes due 2018$249,342
 248,474
4.125% senior notes due December 2018274,459
 273,889
4.500% senior notes due 2019498,793
 498,002
4.50% senior notes due 2019598,325
 597,474
2.95% senior notes due 2020298,305
 
4.750% senior notes due 2021497,329
 496,547
4.125% senior notes due 2022595,904
 
4.750% senior notes due 2022569,484
 568,404
4.875% senior notes due December 2023394,964
 394,170
4.500% senior notes due 2024645,353
 
4.750% senior notes due 2025496,671
 496,226
4.75% senior notes due 2027892,657
 
4.75% senior notes due December 2017
 398,479
12.25% senior notes due 2017
 398,232
Mortgage notes on land and other debt398,417
 206,080
 $6,410,003
 4,575,977

The carrying amounts of the senior notes listed above are net of debt issuance costs of $33.5$31.2 million and $22.1$33.5 million, as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.
In May 2017,February 2018, the Company amended the credit agreement governing its unsecured revolving credit facility (the "Credit Facility") to increase the maximum borrowings from $1.8$2.0 billion to $2.0$2.6 billion and extended the maturity on $1.4$2.2 billion of the Credit Facility from June 20202022 to June 2022,April 2023, with $160$70 million maturing in June 2018 and the remaining $50 million maturing in June 2020. As of November 30, 2017,2018, the Credit Facility included a $403$315 million accordion feature, subject to additional commitments. The proceeds available under the Credit Facility, which are subject to specified conditions for borrowing, may be used for working capital and general corporate purposes. The credit agreement also provides that up to $500 million in commitments may be used for letters of credit. As of both November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility. Under the Credit Facility agreement, the Company is required to maintain a minimum consolidated tangible net worth, a maximum leverage ratio and either a liquidity or an interest coverage ratio. These ratios are calculated per the Credit Facility agreement, which involves adjustments to GAAP financial measures. The Company believes it was in compliance with its debt covenants at November 30, 2017.2018. In addition, the Company had $330$285 million in letter of credit facilities with different financial institutions at November 30, 2017.2018.
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

The Company’s performance letters of credit outstanding were $384.4$598.4 million and $270.8$384.4 million at November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. The Company’s financial letters of credit outstanding were $127.4$165.4 million and $210.3$127.4 million at November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. Performance letters of credit are generally posted with regulatory bodies to guarantee the Company’s performance of certain development and construction activities. Financial letters of credit are generally posted in lieu of cash deposits on option contracts, for insurance risks, credit enhancements and as other collateral. Additionally, at November 30, 20172018, the Company had outstanding surety bonds of $1.3$2.7 billion including performance surety bonds related to site improvements at various projects (including certain projects of the Company’s joint ventures) and financial surety bonds. Although significant development and construction activities have been completed related to these site improvements, these bonds are generally not released until all development and construction activities are completed. As of November 30, 20172018, there were approximately $570.4 million,$1.4 billion, or 44%52%, of anticipated future costs to complete related to these site improvements. The Company does not presently anticipate any draws upon these bonds or letters of credit, but if any such draws occur, the Company does not believe they would have a material effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
The terms of each of the Company's senior notes outstanding at November 30, 20172018 were as follows:
Senior Notes Outstanding (1) Principal Amount Net Proceeds (2) Price Dates Issued Principal Amount Net Proceeds (2) Price Dates Issued
(Dollars in thousands)              
6.95% senior notes due 2018 $250,000
 243,900
 98.929% May 2010
4.125% senior notes due December 2018 275,000
 271,718
 99.998% February 2013
0.25% convertible senior notes due 2019 $1,300
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.500% senior notes due 2019 500,000
 495,725
 (3)
 February 2014 500,000
 $495,725
 (4)
 February 2014
4.50% senior notes due 2019 600,000
 595,801
 (4)
 November 2014, February 2015 600,000
 595,801
 (5)
 November 2014, February 2015
6.625% senior notes due 2020 300,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
2.95% senior notes due 2020 300,000
 298,800
 100% November 2017 300,000
 298,800
 100% November 2017
8.375% senior notes due 2021 400,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.750% senior notes due 2021 500,000
 495,974
 100% March 2016 500,000
 495,974
 100% March 2016
6.25% senior notes due December 2021 300,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.125% senior notes due 2022 600,000
 595,160
 100% January 2017 600,000
 595,160
 100% January 2017
5.375% senior notes due 2022 250,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.750% senior notes due 2022 575,000
 567,585
 (5)
 October 2012, February 2013, April 2013 575,000
 567,585
 (6)
 October 2012, February 2013, April 2013
4.875% senior notes due December 2023 400,000
 393,622
 99.169% November 2015 400,000
 393,622
 99.169% November 2015
4.500% senior notes due 2024 650,000
 644,838
 100% April 2017 650,000
 644,838
 100% April 2017
5.875% senior notes due 2024 425,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.750% senior notes due 2025 500,000
 495,528
 100% April 2015 500,000
 495,528
 100% April 2015
5.25% senior notes due 2026 400,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
5.00% senior notes due 2027 350,000
 (3)
 (3)
 (3)
4.75% senior notes due 2027 900,000
 894,650
 100% November 2017 900,000
 894,650
 100% November 2017

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(1)Interest is payable semi-annually for each of the series of senior notes. The senior notes are unsecured and unsubordinated, but are guaranteed by substantially all of the Company's 100% owned homebuilding subsidiaries.
(2)The Company generally uses the net proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes, which can include the repayment or repurchase of other outstanding senior notes.
(3)These notes were obligations of CalAtlantic when it was acquired, and were subsequently exchanged in part for notes of the Company. As part of purchase accounting, the senior notes have been recorded at their fair value as of the date of acquisition (February 12, 2018).
(4)The Company issued $400 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 100% and $100 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 100.5%.
(4)(5)The Company issued $350 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 100% and $250 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 100.25%.
(5)(6)
The Company issued $350 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 100%, $175 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 98.073% and $50 million aggregate principal amount at a price of 98.250%.

In November 2017,During the Company redeemed the $400second quarter 2018, holders of $6.7 million principal amount of its 4.75% Senior NotesCalAtlantic’s 1.625% convertible senior notes due 2017.2018 and $266.2 million principal amount of CalAtlantic’s 0.25% convertible senior notes due 2019 either caused the Company to purchase them for cash or converted them into a combination of the Company’s Class A and Class B common stock and cash, resulting in the Company issuing approximately 3,654,000 shares of Class A common stock and 72,000 shares of Class B common stock, and paying $59.1 million in cash to former noteholders. All but $1.3 million of the principal balance of the convertible senior notes had either been converted or redeemed.
In November 2018, the Company redeemed $275 million aggregate principal amount of 4.125% senior notes due
2018. The redemption price, which was paid in cash, was 100% of the principal amount plus accrued but unpaid interest.

In November 2017,June 2018, the Company issued $300redeemed $250 million aggregate principal amount of 2.95% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “2.95% Senior Notes”) and $900 million aggregate principal amount of its 4.750% Senior Notes due 2027 (the “4.750% Senior Notes”) at a price of 100% in a private placement. Proceeds from the offering, after payment of initial purchaser’s discount and certain expenses, were $1.19 billion. The Company intends to use the net proceeds of this offering to fund a portion of the Cash Election Option payable by the Company in connection with the CalAtlantic merger (the “Merger”), to pay expenses related to the Merger and for general corporate purposes. Interest on the 2.95% Senior Notes and 4.750% Senior Notes is due semi-annually beginning May 29, 2018. The 2.95% Senior Notes and 4.750% Senior Note are unsecured and unsubordinated, but are guaranteed by substantially all of the Company's 100% owned homebuilding subsidiaries.
In August 2017, the Company redeemed the $250 million principal amount of the 6.875%6.95% senior notes due 2021 (the "6.875% Senior Notes") that we assumed as a result of the acquisition of WCI in February 2017.2018. The redemption price, which
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

was paid in cash, was 103.438%100% of the principal amount plus accrued andbut unpaid interest up to, but not including, the redemption date. There was no gain or loss recorded on redemption of the 6.875% senior notes as it had been recorded at fair value on the acquisition date.interest.
In April 2017,May 2018, the Company issued $650redeemed $575 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50%the 8.375% senior notes due 2024 (the "4.50%2018 ("8.375% Senior Notes") at a. The redemption price, of 100%. Proceeds from the offering, after payment of expenses, were $644.8 million. The Company used the net proceeds from the sales of the 4.500% Senior Notes for (1) the retirement of its 12.25% senior notes due 2017 forwhich was paid in cash, was 100% of the $400 million outstanding principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and (2) the redemption of its 6.875% senior notes due 2021 for 103.438% of the $250 million outstanding principal amount plus accrued but unpaid interest up to, but not including, the redemption date. Interest on the 4.50%interest. The 8.375% Senior Notes is due semi-annually beginning October 30, 2017. The 4.50% Senior Notes are unsecuredwith $575 million in principal amount were obligations of CalAtlantic, when it was acquired, and unsubordinated, but are guaranteed by substantially all$485.6 million principal amount was subsequently exchanged in part for notes of the Company's 100% owned homebuilding subsidiaries.
In January 2017, the Company issued $600 million aggregate principal amount of 4.125% senior notes due 2022 (the "4.125% Senior Notes") at a price of 100%. Proceeds from the offering, after payment of expenses, were $595.2 million. The Company used the net proceeds from the sales of the 4.125% Senior Notes to fund a portion of the cash consideration for the Company's acquisition of WCI and to pay for costs and expenses related to this acquisition as well as for general corporate purposes. Interest on the 4.125% Senior Notes is due semi-annually beginning July 15, 2017. The 4.125% Senior Notes are unsecured and unsubordinated, but are guaranteed by substantially all of the Company's 100% owned homebuilding subsidiaries.Company.
The Company's senior notes are guaranteed by substantially all of the Company's 100% owned homebuilding subsidiaries and some of the Company's other subsidiaries. Although the guarantees are full, unconditional and joint and several while they are in effect, (i) a subsidiary will cease to be a guarantor at any time when it is not directly or indirectly guaranteeing at least $75 million of debt of Lennar Corporation (the parent company), and (ii) a subsidiary will be released from its guarantee and any other obligations it may have regarding the senior notes if all or substantially all its assets, or all of its capital stock, are sold or otherwise disposed of.
At November 30, 2017,2018, the Company had mortgage notes on land and other debt due at various dates through 2036 bearing interest at rates up to 7.5% with an average interest rate of 3.1%3.2%. At November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the carrying amount of the mortgage notes on land and other debt was $398.4$509.0 million and $206.1398.4 million, respectively. During the years ended November 30, 20172018 and 20162017, the Company retired $139.7$128.3 million and $211.0139.7 million, respectively, of mortgage notes on land and other debt.
The minimum aggregate principal maturities of senior notes and other debts payable during the five years subsequent to November 30, 20172018 and thereafter are as follows:
(In thousands)
Debt
Maturities
2019$1,270,534
2020738,921
2021973,451
20221,745,130
202364,366
Thereafter3,674,746
(In thousands)
Debt
Maturities
2018$357,655
20191,481,943
2020371,104
2021534,095
20221,192,260
Thereafter2,511,447

The Company expects to pay its near-term maturities as they come due through cash generated from operations, the issuance of additional debt or equity offerings as well as borrowings under the Company's Credit Facility.

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8. Lennar Financial Services Segment
The assets and liabilities related to the Lennar Financial Services segment were as follows:
 November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$185,990
 117,410
Restricted cash15,251
 12,006
Receivables, net (1)512,732
 313,252
Loans held-for-sale (2)1,152,198
 937,516
Loans held-for-investment, net70,216
 44,193
Investments held-to-maturity52,490
 52,327
Investments available-for-sale (3)4,161
 57,439
Goodwill (4)237,688
 59,838
Other assets (5)116,173
 95,527
 $2,346,899
 1,689,508
Liabilities:   
Notes and other debts payable$1,256,174
 937,431
Other liabilities (6)281,586
 240,383
 $1,537,760
 1,177,814
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$117,410
 123,964
Restricted cash12,006
 17,053
Receivables, net (1)313,252
 409,528
Loans held-for-sale (2)937,516
 939,405
Loans held-for-investment, net44,193
 30,004
Investments held-to-maturity52,327
 41,991
Investments available-for-sale (3)57,439
 53,570
Goodwill (4)59,838
 39,838
Other (5)95,527
 99,319
 $1,689,508
 1,754,672
Liabilities:   
Notes and other debts payable$937,431
 1,077,228
Other (6)240,383
 241,055
 $1,177,814
 1,318,283
(1)Receivables, net, primarily related to loans sold to investors for which the Company had not yet been paid as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.
(2)Loans held-for-sale related to unsold loans carried at fair value.
(3)Investments available-for-sale are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
(4)As of November 30, 2017,2018, goodwill included $20 million related to the WCI acquisition. Theacquisition and a provisional amount provided herein is provisional, pending completion of $175.4 million related to the fair value analysis of WCI's acquired assets and liabilities assumed.CalAtlantic acquisition (See Note 2).
(5)As of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, other assets included mortgage loan commitments carried at fair value of $9.9$16.4 million and $7.4$9.9 million, respectively, and mortgage servicing rights carried at fair value of $31.2$37.2 million and $23.9$31.2 million, respectively. In addition, other assets also included forward contracts carried at fair value of $1.7 million and $26.5 million as of November 30, 2017, and November 30, 2016, respectively.
(6)As of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, other liabilities included $57.7$60.3 million and $57.4$57.7 million, respectively, of certain of the Company’s self-insurance reserves related to construction defects, general liability and workers’ compensation.compensation, and forward contracts carried at fair value of $10.4 million as of November 30, 2018.
At November 30, 2017,2018, the Lennar Financial Services segment warehouse facilities were as follows:
(In thousands)Maximum Aggregate Commitment
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2017 (1) (2)$400,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures March 2018 (3)150,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures June 2018600,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures September 2018300,000
Total$1,450,000
(In thousands)Maximum Aggregate Commitment
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2018 (1)$400,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures March 2019 (2)300,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures June 2019700,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures October 2019 (3)500,000
Total$1,900,000
(1)Subsequent to November 30, 2018, the maturity date was extended to February 2019. Maximum aggregate commitment includes an uncommitted amount of $250 million.
(2)Subsequent to November 30, 2017, the warehouse repurchase facility maturity was extended to December 2018.Maximum aggregate commitment includes an uncommitted amount of $300 million.
(3)Maximum aggregate commitment includes an uncommitted amount of $75$400 million.
The Lennar Financial Services segment uses these facilities to finance its lending activities until the mortgage loans are sold to investors and the proceeds are collected. The facilities are non-recourse to the Company and are expected to be renewed or replaced with other facilities when they mature. Borrowings under the facilities and their prior year predecessors were $937.2$1.3 billion and $937.2 million and $1.1 billion at November 30, 20172018 and 20162017, respectively, and were collateralized by mortgage loans and receivables on loans sold to investors but not yet paid for with outstanding principal balances of $974.1$1.3 billion and $974.1 million and $1.1 billion at November 30, 20172018 and 20162017, respectively. The combined effective interest rate on the facilities at November 30, 20172018 was 3.6%4.5%. If the facilities are not renewed or replaced, the borrowings under the lines of credit will be paid off by selling

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

the mortgage loans held-for-sale to investors and by collecting on receivables on loans sold but not yet paid. Without the
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

facilities, the Lennar Financial Services segment would have to use cash from operations and other funding sources to finance its lending activities.


9. Lennar Multifamily Segment
The Company is actively involved, primarily through unconsolidated entities, in the development, construction and property management of multifamily rental properties. The Lennar Multifamily segment focuses on developing a geographically diversified portfolio of institutional quality multifamily rental properties in select U.S. markets.
The assets and liabilities related to the Lennar Multifamily segment were as follows:
 November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$7,832
 8,676
Receivables (1)73,829
 69,678
Land under development277,894
 208,618
Investments in unconsolidated entities481,129
 407,544
Other assets33,535
 16,209
 $874,219
 710,725
Liabilities:   
Accounts payable and other liabilities$170,616
 149,715
 $170,616
 149,715

(1)Receivables primarily related to general contractor services, net of deferrals and management fee income receivables due from unconsolidated entities as of November 30, 2018 and 2017.
The unconsolidated entities in which the Lennar Multifamily segment has investments usually finance their activities with a combination of partner equity and debt financing. In connection with many of the loans to Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities, the Company (or entities related to them) has been required to give guarantees of completion and cost over-runs to the lenders and partners. Those completion guarantees may require that the guarantors complete the construction of the improvements for which the financing was obtained. Additionally, the Company guarantees the construction costs of the project as construction cost over-runs would be paid by the Company. Generally, these payments would increase the Company's investment in the entities and would increase its share of funds the entities distribute after the achievement of certain thresholds. As of both November 30, 2018 and 2017, the fair value of the completion guarantees was immaterial. Additionally, as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, the Lennar Multifamily segment had $4.6 million and $4.7 million, respectively, of letters of credit outstanding primarily for credit enhancements for the bank debt of certain of its unconsolidated entities and deposits on land purchase contracts. These letters of credit outstanding are included in the disclosure in Note 7 related to the Company's performance and financial letters of credit. As of November 30, 2018 and 2017, the Lennar Multifamily segment's unconsolidated entities had non-recourse debt with completion guarantees of $1.0 billion and $896.7 million, respectively.
In many instances, the Lennar Multifamily segment is appointed as the construction, development and property manager of certain of its Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities and receives fees for performing this function. During the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Lennar Multifamily segment received fee income, net of deferrals, from its unconsolidated entities of $48.8 million, $53.8 million and $38.5 million, respectively.
The Lennar Multifamily segment also provides general contractor services for construction of some of the rental properties owned by unconsolidated entities in which the Company has investments. During the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Lennar Multifamily segment provided general contractor services, net of deferrals, totaling $353.2 million, $341.0 million and $237.1 million, respectively, which were offset by costs related to those services of $338.7 million, $330.4 million and $228.6 million, respectively.
The Lennar Multifamily Venture Fund I LP (the "Venture Fund") is a long-term multifamily development investment vehicle involved in the development, construction and property management of class-A multifamily assets with $2.2 billion in equity commitments, including a $504 million co-investment commitment by Lennar comprised of cash, undeveloped land and preacquisition costs. During the year ended November 30, 2018, $384.3 million in equity commitments were called, of which the Company contributed its portion of $90.1 million. During the year ended November 30, 2018, the Company received $18.0 million of distributions as a return of capital from the Venture Fund. As of November 30, 2018, $1.8 billion of the $2.2 billion

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

in equity commitments had been called, of which the Company had contributed $440.8 million representing its pro-rata portion of the called equity, resulting in a remaining equity commitment for the Company of $63.2 million. As of November 30, 2018 and 2017, the carrying value of the Company's investment in the Venture Fund was $383.4 million and $323.8 million, respectively.
In March 2018, the Lennar Multifamily segment completed the first closing of a second Lennar Multifamily Venture, Lennar Multifamily Venture II LP, ("Venture Fund II"), for the development, construction and property management of Class-A multifamily assets. As of November 30, 2018, Venture Fund II had approximately $787 million of equity commitments, including a $255 million co-investment commitment by Lennar comprised of cash, undeveloped land and preacquisition costs. As of and for the year ended November 30, 2018, $252.1 million in equity commitments were called, of which the Company contributed its portion of $81.2 million, which was made up of a $188.4 million inventory and cash contributions, offset by $107.2 million of distributions as a return of capital, resulting in a remaining equity commitment for the Company of $173.8 million. As of November 30, 2018, the carrying value of the Company's investment in Venture Fund II was $63.0 million. The difference between the Company's net contributions and the carrying value of the Company's investments was related to a basis difference. Venture Fund II is currently seeded with eight undeveloped multifamily assets that were previously purchased by the Lennar Multifamily segment totaling approximately 3,000 apartments with projected project costs of approximately $1.3 billion.
Summarized condensed financial information on a combined 100% basis related to Lennar Multifamily's investments in unconsolidated entities that are accounted for by the equity method was as follows:
Balance Sheets
 November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$61,571
 37,073
Operating properties and equipment3,708,613
 2,952,070
Other assets40,899
 36,772
 $3,811,083
 3,025,915
Liabilities and equity:   
Accounts payable and other liabilities$199,119
 212,123
Notes payable (1)1,381,656
 879,047
Equity2,230,308
 1,934,745
 $3,811,083
 3,025,915
Lennar Multifamily investments in unconsolidated entities$481,129
 407,544

(1)Notes payable are net of debt issuance costs of $15.7 million and $17.6 million, as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Statements of Operations
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Revenues$117,985
 67,578
 45,287
Costs and expenses172,089
 108,610
 68,976
Other income, net93,778
 207,793
 191,385
Net earnings of unconsolidated entities$39,674
 166,761
 167,696
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities and other gain (1)$51,322
 85,739
 85,519

(1)During the year ended November 30, 2018, the Lennar Multifamily segment sold, through its unconsolidated entities, six operating properties and an investment in an operating property resulting in the segment's $61.2 million share of gains. The gain of $15.7 million recognized on the sale of the investment in an operating property and recognition of the Company's share of deferred development fees that were capitalized at the joint venture level are included in Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities and other gain, and are not included in net earnings of unconsolidated entities. During the years ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, the Lennar Multifamily segment sold seven operating properties, through its unconsolidated entities resulting in the segment's $96.7 million and $91.0 million share of gains, respectively.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

10. Rialto Segment
The assets and liabilities related to the Rialto segment were as follows:
 November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$26,829
 241,861
Restricted cash (1)9,868
 22,466
Receivables, net (2)218,437
 
Loans held-for-sale (3)61,691
 236,018
Real estate owned, net25,632
 86,047
Investments in unconsolidated entities297,379
 265,418
Investments held-to-maturity196,956
 179,659
Other assets57,453
 122,371
 $894,245
 1,153,840
Liabilities:   
Notes and other debts payable (4)$317,016
 625,081
Other liabilities80,934
 94,975
 $397,950
 720,056
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$241,861
 148,827
Restricted cash22,466
 9,935
Receivables, net (1)
 204,518
Loans held-for-sale (2)236,018
 126,947
Loans receivable, net1,933
 111,608
Real estate owned, net86,047
 243,703
Investments in unconsolidated entities265,418
 245,741
Investments held-to-maturity179,659
 71,260
Other120,438
 113,671
 $1,153,840
 1,276,210
Liabilities:   
Notes and other debts payable (3)$625,081
 622,335
Other94,975
 85,645
 $720,056
 707,980

(1)
As of November 30, 2018 and 2017, restricted cash primarily consisted of upfront deposits and application fees RMF receives before originating loans and is recognized as income once the loan has been originated and cash held in escrow by the Company’s loan servicer provider on behalf of customers and lenders and is disbursed in accordance with agreements between the transacting parties.
(2)Receivables, net, is primarily related to loans sold but not settled as of November 30, 2016.2018.
(2)(3)Loans held-for-sale related to unsold loans originated by RMF carried at fair value and loans in the FDIC Portfolios carried at lower of cost or market.
(3)(4)
In March 2018, Rialto paid off the remaining principal balance of the 7.00% senior notes due 2018 (the "7.00% Senior Notes"). As of November 30, 2017, and 2016, notes and other debts payable primarily included $349.4 million related to Rialto's 7.00% Senior Notes. In addition, as of November 30, 2018and $348.7November 30, 2017, notes and other debt payable included $178.8 million and $162.1 million, respectively, related to Rialto's 7.00% senior notes due 2018 (the "7.00% Senior Notes"), and $162.1 million and $223.5 million, respectively, related to Rialto'sRMF's warehouse repurchase facilities.
Sale of Asset and Investment Management Platform
The Company sold the Rialto asset and investment management platform on November 30, 2018 for a gain of $296.4 million. The Company retained its Rialto Mortgage Finance business, which moved into our Financial Services segment as of December 1, 2018. The Company also retained its fund investments along with its carried interests in various Rialto funds and investments in other Rialto balance sheet assets. The Company's limited partner investments in Rialto funds and investment vehicles totaled $297.4 million at November 30, 2018, and the Company is committed to invest as much as an additional $71.6 million in Rialto funds.
Rialto Mortgage Finance - loans held-for-sale
During the year ended November 30, 2018, RMF originated loans with a total principal balance of $1.4 billion, all of which was recorded as loans held-for-sale, and sold $1.5 billion of loans into 16 separate securitizations. During the year ended November 30, 2017, RMF originated loans with a total principal balance of $1.7 billion of which $1.6 billion were recorded as loans held-for-sale and $98.4 million were recorded as accrual loans within loans receivable, net, and sold $1.5 billion of loans into 12 separate securitizations. During the year ended November 30, 2016, RMF originated loans with a principal balance of $1.8 billion of which $1.7 billion were recorded as loans held-for-sale and $81.2 million were recorded as accrual loans within loans receivable, net, and sold $1.9 billion of loans into 11 separate securitizations. As of November 30, 2017, there were no unsettled transactions. As of November 30, 2016,2018, originated loans with an unpaid principal balance of $199.8$218.4 million were sold into a securitization trust but not settled and thus were included as receivables, net.
FDIC Portfolios
In 2010, the Rialto segment acquired indirectly 40% managing member equity interests in two limited liability companies ("LLCs") in partnership with the FDIC Portfolios. The LLCs met the accounting definition As of VIEs and since the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary, the Company consolidated the LLCs. The Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary because it has the power to direct the activities of the LLCs that most significantly impact the LLCs' performance through Rialto's management and servicer contracts.
In February 2017, the FDIC exercised its “clean-up call rights” under the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement. As a result, Rialto had until July 10, 2017 to liquidate and sell the assets in the FDIC Portfolios. On July 10, 2017, Rialto and the FDIC entered into an agreement which extended the original agreement date to January 10, 2018. At November 30, 2017, the consolidated LLCs had total combined assetsthere were no unsettled transactions.

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Table of $48.8 million, which primarily included $23.8 million in cash, $20.0 million of real estate owned, net and $1.6 million of loans held-for-sale. As of January 11, 2018, (1) the FDIC can, at its discretion, sell any remaining assets, or (2) Rialto has the option to purchase the FDIC's interest in the portfolios. AsContents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


of January 19, 2018, there were only four assets with a carrying value totaling $0.3 million which were not under contract to sell.
At November 30, 2017, Rialto2018, RMF warehouse facilities were as follows:
(In thousands)Maximum Aggregate Commitment
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures November 2019$200,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2019200,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2019
250,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2019200,000
Total - Loans origination and securitization business850,000
Warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2019 (two - one year extensions) (1)50,000
Total$900,000
(In thousands)Maximum Aggregate Commitment
Warehouse repurchase facility that matures December 2017 (1)$200,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures January 2018 (2)250,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures October 2018400,000
364-day warehouse repurchase facility that matures November 2018 (one year extension)200,000
Total - Loans origination and securitization business (RMF)$1,050,000
Warehouse repurchase facility that matures August 2018 (two - one year extensions) (3)100,000
Totals$1,150,000

(1)Subsequent to November 30, 2017, the warehouse repurchase facility maturity date was extended to December 2019.
(2)Subsequent to November 30, 2017, the warehouse repurchase facility maturity date was extended to December 2018 and maximum aggregate commitment of the facility was reduced to $200 million.
(3)RialtoRMF uses this warehouse repurchase facility to finance the origination of floating rate accrual loans, which are reported as accrual loans within loans receivable, net. There were no borrowings under this facility as of both November 30, 2018 and 2017. Borrowings under this facility were $43.3 million as of November 30, 2016.
Borrowings under the facilities that finance RMF's loan originations and securitization activities were $162.1$178.8 million and $180.2$162.1 million as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, and were secured by a 75% interest in the originated commercial loans financed. The facilities require immediate repayment of the 75% interest in the secured commercial loans when the loans are sold in a securitization and the proceeds are collected. These warehouse repurchase facilities are non-recourse to the Company and are expected to be renewed or replaced with other facilities when they mature. If the facilities are not renewed or replaced, the borrowings under the lines of credit will be paid off by selling the loans held-for-sale to investors. Without the facilities, the Rialto segment would have to use cash from operations and other funding sources to finance its lending activities.
Investments held-to-maturity
At November 30, 2018 and 2017, the carrying value of Rialto's CMBS was $197.0 million and $179.7 million, respectively. These securities were purchased at discount rates ranging from 9% to 84% with coupon rates ranging from 1.3% to 5.0%, stated and assumed final distribution dates between November 2020 and December 2027, and stated maturity dates between November 2043 and March 2059. The Rialto segment reviews changes in estimated cash flows periodically to determine if an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred on its CMBS. Based on management’s assessment, no impairment charges were recorded during any of the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016. The Rialto segment classified these securities as held-to-maturity based on its intent and ability to hold the securities until maturity.
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
Generally, all of Rialto's investments in funds have the attributes of an investment company in accordance with ASC 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies, as amended by ASU 2013-08, Financial Services - Investment Companies (Topic 946): Amendments to the Scope, Measurement, and Disclosure Requirements, the attributes of which are different from the attributes that would cause a company to be an investment company for purposes of the Investment Company Act of 1940. As a result, the assets and liabilities of the funds in which Rialto has investments in are recorded at fair value with increases/decreases in fair value recorded in their respective statements of operations and the Company’s share is recorded in Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities in the Company's statement of operations.
The following table reflects Rialto's investments in funds that invest in and manage real estate related assets and other investments:
         November 30,
2017
 November 30,
2017
 November 30,
2016
(Dollars in thousands)Inception Year Equity Commitments Equity Commitments Called Commitment to Fund by the Company Funds Contributed by the Company Investment
Rialto Real Estate Fund, LP2010 $700,006
 $700,006
 $75,000
 $75,000
 $41,860
 58,116
Rialto Real Estate Fund II, LP2012 1,305,000
 1,305,000
 100,000
 100,000
 86,904
 96,192
Rialto Mezzanine Partners Fund, LP2013 300,000
 300,000
 33,799
 33,799
 19,189
 23,643
Rialto Capital CMBS Funds2014 119,174
 119,174
 52,474
 52,474
 54,018
 50,519
Rialto Real Estate Fund III2015 1,887,000
 569,482
 140,000
 40,104
 41,223
 9,093
Rialto Credit Partnership, LP2016 220,000
 159,886
 19,999
 14,534
 13,288
 5,794
Other investments          8,936
 2,384
           $265,418
 245,741
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

During the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015,2016, Rialto received $12.8 million, $7.3 million $10.1 million and $20.0$10.1 million, respectively, of advance distributions with regard to Rialto's carried interests in its real estate funds in order to cover income tax obligations resulting from allocations of taxable income to Rialto's carried interests in these funds. In addition, during the year ended November 30, 2018, Rialto received $12.7 million of distributions with regard to its carried interest in Rialto Real Estate Funds. During the year ended November 30, 2017, Rialto received $36.8 million of distributions with regard to its carried interest in its real estateone of Rialto's funds. Rialto Real Estate Fund, LP. These incentive income distributions are not subject to clawbacks and therefore are included in Rialto's revenues.
During 2015, Rialto adopted a Carried Interest Incentive Plan (the "Plan"),carried interest plans under which the Company and participating employees in the aggregate maywill receive up to60% and 40%, respectively, of the equity unitscarried interest payments, net of expenses, received by entities that are general partners of a limited liability company (a "Carried Interest Entity") that is entitled to carried interest distributions made by a fundnumber of Rialto funds or other investment vehicle (a "Fund") managed by a subsidiaryvehicles. When Rialto's asset and investment management platform was sold, the Company retained its right to receive 60% of Rialto. As such, those employees receiving equity units in a Carried Interest Entity may benefitthe distributions of carried interest payments received from distributions made by a Fund tofunds that existed at the extenttime of the Carried Interest Entity makes distributions to its equity holders. The units issued to employees are equity awards and are subject to vesting schedules and forfeiture or repurchase provisions in the casesale.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Summarized condensed financial information on a combined 100% basis related to Rialto’s investments in unconsolidated entities that are accounted for by the equity method was as follows:
Balance Sheets
 November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$50,043
 95,552
Loans receivable705,414
 538,317
Real estate owned273,802
 348,601
Investment securities2,296,768
 1,849,795
Investments in partnerships380,290
 393,874
Other assets38,682
 42,949
 $3,744,999
 3,269,088
Liabilities and equity:   
Accounts payable and other liabilities$30,236
 48,374
Notes payable (1)595,491
 576,810
Equity3,119,272
 2,643,904
 $3,744,999
 3,269,088
Rialto's investments in unconsolidated entities$297,379
 265,418
Balance Sheets
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$95,552
 230,229
Loans receivable538,317
 406,812
Real estate owned348,601
 439,191
Investment securities1,849,795
 1,379,155
Investments in partnerships393,874
 398,535
Other assets42,949
 29,036
 $3,269,088
 2,882,958
Liabilities and equity:   
Accounts payable and other liabilities$48,374
 36,131
Notes payable (1)576,810
 532,264
Equity2,643,904
 2,314,563
 $3,269,088
 2,882,958

(1)Notes payable are net of debt issuance costs of $3.1$4.6 million and $2.9$3.1 million, as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.
Statements of Operations
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 20152018 2017 2016
Revenues$238,981
 200,346
 170,921
$373,355
 238,981
 200,346
Costs and expenses104,343
 96,343
 97,162
103,138
 104,343
 96,343
Other income, net (1)109,927
 49,342
 144,941
(58,757) 109,927
 49,342
Net earnings of unconsolidated entities$244,565
 153,345
 218,700
$211,460
 244,565
 153,345
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities$25,447
 18,961
 22,293
$25,816
 25,447
 18,961
(1)Other income, net included realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments.
Investments held-to-maturity
At November 30, 2017 and 2016, the carrying value of Rialto's commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") was $179.7 million and $71.3 million, respectively. These securities were purchased at discount rates ranging from 9% to 84% with coupon rates ranging from 1.3% to 5.0%, stated and assumed final distribution dates between November 2020 and October 2027, and stated maturity dates between November 2043 and March 2059. During 2017, Rialto purchased a 5% vertical strip in three separate CMBS transactions. A vertical interest is an equal interest in each class of securities issued in the securitization (e.g., 5.0% of each class) or a single vertical security entitling the holder to a specific percentage
11. Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes consisted of the amounts paid on each classfollowing:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Current:     
Federal$246,604
 309,235
 300,116
State30,530
 17,572
 19,777
 $277,134
 326,807
 319,893
Deferred:     
Federal$189,096
 40,641
 43,775
State78,941
 50,409
 53,710
 268,037
 91,050
 97,485
 $545,171
 417,857
 417,378


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LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

2016, originators that contribute loans to a CMBS trust are required to satisfy risk retention rules. Some risk retention rules permit the retention of risk by third parties, and the risk may be held by purchasing vertical, horizontal or other combined strips in a securitization.
The Rialto segment reviews changes in estimated cash flows periodically to determine if an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred on its CMBS. Based on management’s assessment, no impairment charges were recorded during any of the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015. The Rialto segment classified these securities as held-to-maturity based on its intent and ability to hold the securities until maturity.

10. Lennar Multifamily Segment
The Company is actively involved, primarily through unconsolidated entities, in the development, construction and property management of multifamily rental properties. The Lennar Multifamily segment focuses on developing a geographically diversified portfolio of institutional quality multifamily rental properties in select U.S. markets.
The assets and liabilities related to the Lennar Multifamily segment were as follows:
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$8,676
 6,600
Receivables (1)69,678
 58,929
Land under development208,618
 139,713
Investments in unconsolidated entities407,544
 318,559
Other assets16,209
 2,330
 $710,725
 526,131
Liabilities:   
Accounts payable and other liabilities$149,715
 117,973
 $149,715
 117,973
(1)Receivables primarily related to general contractor services, net of deferrals and management fee income receivables due from unconsolidated entities as of November 30, 2017 and 2016.
The unconsolidated entities in which the Lennar Multifamily segment has investments usually finance their activities with a combination of partner equity and debt financing. In connection with many of the loans to Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities, the Company (or entities related to them) has been required to give guarantees of completion and cost over-runs to the lenders and partners. Those completion guarantees may require that the guarantors complete the construction of the improvements for which the financing was obtained. Additionally, the Company guarantees the construction costs of the project as construction cost over-runs would be paid by the Company. Generally, these payments would be increases to the Company's investment in the entities and would increase its share of funds the entities distribute after the achievement of certain thresholds. As of both November 30, 2017 and 2016, the fair value of the completion guarantees was immaterial. Additionally, as of November 30, 2017 and 2016, the Lennar Multifamily segment had $4.7 million and $32.0 million, respectively, of letters of credit outstanding primarily for credit enhancements for the bank debt of certain of its unconsolidated entities and deposits on land purchase contracts. These letters of credit outstanding are included in the disclosure in Note 7 related to the Company's performance and financial letters of credit. As of November 30, 2017 and 2016, the Lennar Multifamily segment's unconsolidated entities had non-recourse debt with completion guarantees of $896.7 million and $589.4 million, respectively.
In many instances, the Lennar Multifamily segment is appointed as the construction, development and property manager of certain of its Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated entities and receives fees for performing this function. During the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Lennar Multifamily segment received fee income, net of deferrals, from its unconsolidated entities of $53.8 million, $38.5 million and $27.2 million, respectively.
The Lennar Multifamily segment also provides general contractor services for construction of some of the rental properties owned by unconsolidated entities in which the Company has investments. During the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Lennar Multifamily segment provided general contractor services, net of deferrals, totaling $341.0 million, $237.1 million and $142.7 million, respectively, which were offset by costs related to those services of $330.4 million, $228.6 million and $138.6 million, respectively.
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

The Lennar Multifamily Venture (the "Venture") is a long-term multifamily development investment vehicle involved in the development, construction and property management of class-A multifamily assets with $2.2 billion in equity commitments, including a $504 million co-investment commitment by Lennar comprised of cash, undeveloped land and preacquisition costs. During the year ended November 30, 2017, $586.4 million in equity commitments were called, of which the Company contributed its portion of $134.9 million. During the year ended November 30, 2017, the Company received $26.8 million distributions as a return of capital from the Venture. As of November 30, 2017, $1.5 billion of the $2.2 billion in equity commitments had been called, of which the Company has contributed $350.7 million representing its pro-rata portion of the called equity, resulting in a remaining equity commitment for the Company of $153.3 million. As of November 30, 2017 and 2016, the carrying value of the Company's investment in the Venture was $323.8 million and $198.2 million, respectively.
Summarized condensed financial information on a combined 100% basis related to Lennar Multifamily's investments in unconsolidated entities that are accounted for by the equity method was as follows:
Balance Sheets
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$37,073
 43,658
Operating properties and equipment2,952,070
 2,210,627
Other assets36,772
 33,703
 $3,025,915
 2,287,988
Liabilities and equity:   
Accounts payable and other liabilities$212,123
 196,617
Notes payable (1)879,047
 577,085
Equity1,934,745
 1,514,286
 $3,025,915
 2,287,988
(1)Notes payable are net of debt issuance costs of $17.6 million and $12.3 million, as of November 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Statements of Operations
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Revenues$67,578
 45,287
 16,309
Costs and expenses108,610
 68,976
 27,190
Other income, net207,793
 191,385
 43,340
Net earnings of unconsolidated entities$166,761
 167,696
 32,459
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities (1)$85,739
 85,519
 19,518
(1)During the year ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Lennar Multifamily segment sold seven, seven and two operating properties, respectively, through its unconsolidated entities resulting in the segment's $96.7 million, $91.0 million and $22.2 million share of gains, respectively.

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

11. Income Taxes
The benefit (provision) for income taxes consisted of the following:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Current:     
Federal$(309,235) (300,116) (343,635)
State(17,572) (19,777) (52,420)
 $(326,807) (319,893) (396,055)
Deferred:     
Federal$(40,641) (43,775) 12,872
State(50,409) (53,710) (7,233)
 (91,050) (97,485) 5,639
 $(417,857) (417,378) (390,416)

A reconciliation of the statutory rate and the effective tax rate was as follows:
 Percentage of Pretax Income
 2018 2017 2016
Statutory rate22.22 % 35.00 % 35.00 %
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit3.81
 3.29
 3.21
Domestic production activities deduction(1.71) (2.77) (2.78)
Tax reserves and interest expense, net(0.39) 0.27
 (0.89)
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance, net(0.03) 0.17
 (0.01)
Accounting method changes(1.47) 
 
Changes in tax law (1)3.06
 
 
Tax credits(1.60) (2.03) (3.46)
Other0.44
 0.09
 0.33
Effective rate24.33% 34.02% 31.40%
 Percentage of Pretax Income
 2017 2016 2015
Statutory rate35.00 % 35.00 % 35.00 %
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit3.29
 3.21
 3.22
Domestic production activities deduction(2.77) (2.78) (3.01)
Tax reserves and interest expense0.27
 (0.89) 2.64
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance0.17
 (0.01) (0.09)
State net operating loss adjustment (1)
 
 (3.00)
Tax credits(2.03) (3.46) (1.92)
Other0.09
 0.33
 (0.12)
Effective rate34.02% 31.40% 32.72%

(1)DuringIn December, 2017, the year ended November 30, 2015,Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted which had a positive impact on our effective tax rate in 2018 and will have a positive impact in subsequent years. The tax reform bill reduced the maximum federal corporate income tax rate to 21%, which reduced the value of the Company's deferred tax assets. As a result, the Company recorded a benefit for additional state net operating loss carryforwards as a resultnon-cash one-time write down of the conclusiondeferred tax assets that resulted in income tax expense of a state tax examination.$68.6 million in fiscal year 2018.
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The tax effects of significant temporary differences that give rise to the net deferred tax assets were as follows:
 November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Deferred tax assets:   
Inventory valuation adjustments$315,006
 54,511
Reserves and accruals175,626
 164,868
Net operating loss carryforwards138,094
 100,338
Rialto investments in partnerships5,938
 15,705
Capitalized expenses51,477
 197,204
Investments in unconsolidated entities63,339
 38,627
Other assets115,266
 68,857
Total deferred tax assets864,746
 640,110
Valuation allowance(7,219) (6,423)
Total deferred tax assets after valuation allowance857,527
 633,687
Deferred tax liabilities:   
Capitalized expenses153,392
 79,440
Deferred income156,376
 244,969
Other liabilities32,271
 11,583
Total deferred tax liabilities342,039
 335,992
Net deferred tax assets$515,488
 297,695


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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Deferred tax assets:   
Inventory valuation adjustments$54,511
 56,733
Reserves and accruals164,868
 198,270
Net operating loss carryforwards100,338
 92,362
Rialto investments in partnerships15,705
 11,352
Capitalized expenses197,204
 106,270
Investments in unconsolidated entities38,627
 42,796
Other assets68,857
 57,890
Total deferred tax assets640,110
 565,673
Valuation allowance(6,423) (5,773)
Total deferred tax assets after valuation allowance633,687
 559,900
Deferred tax liabilities:   
Capitalized expenses79,440
 30,632
Deferred income244,969
 226,195
Other11,583
 25,675
Total deferred tax liabilities335,992
 282,502
Net deferred tax assets$297,695
 277,398

The detail of the Company's net deferred tax assets were as follows:
November 30,Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 20162018 2017
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities): (1)      
Lennar Homebuilding$279,900
 249,714
$477,676
 279,900
Rialto21,944
 26,547
Lennar Financial Services(1,176) 5,919
5,075
 (1,176)
Lennar Multifamily(2,973) (4,782)15,272
 (2,973)
Rialto17,465
 21,944
Net deferred tax assets$297,695
 277,398
$515,488
 297,695
(1)Net deferred tax assets and net deferred tax liabilities detailed above are included within other assets and other liabilities in the respective segments.
A reduction of the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance is required if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. Accordingly, the need to establish valuation allowances for deferred tax assets is assessed each reporting period by the Company based on the consideration of all available positive and negative evidence using a "more-likely-than-not" standard with respect to whether deferred tax assets will be realized. This assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses, actual earnings, forecasts of future profitability, the duration of statutory carryforward periods, the Company’s experience with loss carryforwards not expiring unused and tax planning alternatives.
As of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the net deferred tax assets included a valuation allowance of $6.4$7.2 million and $5.8$6.4 million, respectively, primarily related to state net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards that are not more likely than not to be utilized due to an inability to carry back these losses in most states and short carryforward periods that exist in certain states. During the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company reversed $0.2 million, of valuation allowance primarily due to the utilization of state net operating losses. During the year ended November 30, 2017, the Company increased its valuation allowance against deferred tax assets relating to state net operating losses by $0.7 million.
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

At November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the Company had federal tax effected NOL carryforwards totaling $34.1$44.8 million and $1.8$34.1 million, respectively, that may be carried forward up to 20 years to offset future taxable income and begin to expire in 2029. At November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the Company had state tax effected NOL carryforwards totaling $66.2$93.3 million and $90.6$66.2 million, respectively, that may be carried forward from 5 to 20 years, depending on the tax jurisdiction, with losses expiring between 20182019 and 2036.2037.
The following table summarizes the changes in gross unrecognized tax benefits:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Gross unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of year$12,285
 12,285
 12,285
Increases due to tax positions taken during prior period222
 
 
Decreases due to tax positions taken during prior period(2,805) 
 
Lapse of statute of limitations(2,052) 
 
Decreases due to settlements with tax authorities(6,493) 
 
Increases due to the CalAtlantic acquisition13,510
 
 
Gross unrecognized tax benefits, end of year$14,667
 12,285
 12,285

 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Gross unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of year$12,285
 12,285
 7,257
Increase due to tax positions taken during prior period (1)
 
 5,028
Gross unrecognized tax benefits, end of year$12,285
 12,285
 12,285
(1)Increased the Company's effective tax rate for the year ended November 30, 2015 from 32.30% to 32.72% due to state audits.
If the Company were to recognize its gross unrecognized tax benefits as of November 30, 2017, $8.02018, $11.6 million would affect the Company’s effective tax rate. The Company does not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to increase or decrease by a material amount within the following twelve months.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

The following summarizes the changes in interest and penalties accrued with respect to gross unrecognized tax benefits:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017
Accrued interest and penalties, beginning of the year$49,723
 45,973
Additional interest and penalties (related to the acquisition of CalAtlantic)1,515
 
Accrual of interest and penalties (primarily related to federal and state audits)1,894
 4,184
Reduction of interest and penalties(190) (434)
Accrued interest and penalties, end of the year$52,942
 49,723

 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Accrued interest and penalties, beginning of the year$45,973
 65,145
Accrual of interest and penalties (primarily related to federal and state audits)4,184
 3,251
Reduction of interest and penalties (1)(434) (22,423)
Accrued interest and penalties, end of the year$49,723
 45,973
(1)The Company's accrual for interest and penalties was reduced during the year ended November 30, 2016 primarily due to a settlement with the IRS.
The IRS is currently examining the Company’sCompany's federal tax income tax returns for fiscal year 2016,2017, and certain state taxing authorities are examining various fiscal years. The final outcome of these examinations is not yet determinable. The statute of limitations for the Company’sCompany's major tax jurisdictions remains open for examination for fiscal year 2005 and subsequent years. The Company participates in an IRS examination program, Compliance Assurance Process, "CAP.""CAP". This program operates as a contemporaneous exam throughout the year in order to keep exam cycles current and achieve a higher level of compliance.
On December 22, 2017, the President signed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. This Act will materially affect the taxes owed by the Company in 2018 and subsequent years. Among other things, it will reduce the maximum federal corporate income tax rate to 21%, which should have a positive effect on the Company's net earnings and earnings per share. It will also limit or eliminate certain deductions to which the Company has been entitled in past years and it will reduce the value of the Company's deferred tax assets, which will require the Company to recognize in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 a charge against earnings for impairment of those assets of approximately $70 million.

LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

12. Earnings Per Share
Basic and diluted earnings per share were calculated as follows:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)2018 2017 2016
Numerator:     
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$1,695,831
 810,480
 911,844
Less: distributed earnings allocated to nonvested shares429
 377
 337
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to nonvested shares14,438
 7,447
 8,852
Numerator for basic earnings per share1,680,964
 802,656
 902,655
Less: net amount attributable to noncontrolling interests in Rialto's Carried Interest Incentive Plan (1)3,320
 1,009
 1,028
Plus: interest on convertible senior notes80
 
 5,528
Plus: undistributed earnings allocated to convertible shares2,904
 
 8,852
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to convertible shares2,899
 
 8,438
Numerator for diluted earnings per share$1,677,729
 801,647
 907,569
Denominator:     
Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted average common shares outstanding307,968
 237,155
 223,079
Effect of dilutive securities:     
Share-based payments48
 1
 3
Convertible senior notes549
 
 12,288
Denominator for diluted earnings per share - weighted average common shares outstanding308,565
 237,156
 235,370
Basic earnings per share$5.46
 3.38
 4.05
Diluted earnings per share$5.44
 3.38
 3.86
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)2017 2016 2015
Numerator:     
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$810,480
 911,844
 802,894
Less: distributed earnings allocated to nonvested shares377
 337
 361
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to nonvested shares7,447
 8,852
 8,371
Numerator for basic earnings per share802,656
 902,655
 794,162
Less: net amount attributable to noncontrolling interests in Rialto's Carried Interest Incentive Plan (1)1,009
 1,028
 4,120
Plus: interest on 3.25% convertible senior notes due 2021
 5,528
 7,928
Plus: undistributed earnings allocated to convertible shares
 8,852
 8,371
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to convertible shares
 8,438
 7,528
Numerator for diluted earnings per share$801,647
 907,569
 798,813
Denominator:     
Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted average common shares outstanding (2)237,155
 223,079
 209,847
Effect of dilutive securities:     
Share-based payments1
 3
 9
Convertible senior notes
 12,288
 25,614
Denominator for diluted earnings per share - weighted average common shares outstanding237,156
 235,370
 235,470
Basic earnings per share (2)$3.38
 4.05
 3.78
Diluted earnings per share (2)$3.38
 3.86
 3.39

(1)The amounts presented above relate to Rialto's Carried Interest Incentive Plan adopted in June 2015carried interest incentive plans (see Note 9)10) and represent the difference between the advanced tax distributions received by Rialto's subsidiary and the amount Lennar, as the parent company, is assumed to own.
(2)The weighted average common shares for the periods presented have been retroactively adjusted to include 4.7 million of Class B shares distributed as part of the stock dividend on November 27, 2017. As a result, basic and diluted earnings per share have also been retroactively adjusted.
For the years ended November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016, there were no options to purchase shares of common stock that were outstanding and anti-dilutive.


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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


13. Capital Stock
Preferred Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 500,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $10 per share and 100 million shares of participating preferred stock with a par value of $0.10 per share. No shares of preferred stock or participating preferred stock have been issued as of November 30, 20172018 and 20162017.
Common Stock
During each of the years ended November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016, the Company’s Class A and Class B common stockholders received a per share annual dividend of $0.16. The only significant difference between the Class A common stock and Class B common stock is that Class A common stock entitles holders to one vote per share and the Class B common stock entitles holders to ten votes per share.
On November 27, 2017, wethe Company paid a stock dividend of one share of Class B common stock for each 50 shares of Class A common stock or Class B common stock to holders of record at the close of business on November 10, 2017, as declared by the Company's Board of Directors on October 30, 2017.
As of November 30, 20172018, Stuart Miller, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and a Director,Chairman, directly owned, or controlled through family-owned entities, shares of Class A and Class B common stock, which represented approximately 39%33% voting power of the Company’s stock.
TheDuring fiscal 2018, the Company hashad a stock repurchase program adopted in 2001, which originally authorized the purchase of up to 20 million shares of its outstanding common stock. During the year ended November 30, 2018, under the Company's stock repurchase program, the Company repurchased 6.0 million shares of Class A common stock for $249.9 million at an average share price of $41.63. During the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015,2016, there were no share repurchases of common stock under the stock repurchase program. As of
Subsequent to November 30, 2017,2018, the remainingCompany's Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to the lesser of $1 billion in value, or 25 million in shares, that could be purchased underof the Company’s outstanding Class A or Class B common stock. The repurchase authorization has no expiration and replaced the Company's 2001 stock repurchase program were 6.2program.
During the year ended November 30, 2018, treasury stock increased by 7.0 million shares of Class A common stock primarily due to the repurchase of 6.0 million shares of common stock.
During the yearsyear ended November 30, 2017, and 2016, treasury stock increased by 0.6 million shares and 0.1 million shares of Class A common stock respectively, primarily due to activity related to the Company'sour equity compensation plan.
Restrictions on Payment of Dividends
There are no restrictions on the payment of dividends on common stock by the Company. There are no agreements which restrict the payment of dividends by subsidiaries of the Company other than (i) the need to maintain the financial ratios and net worth requirements under the Lennar Financial Services segment’s warehouse lines of credit, which restrict the payment of dividends from the Company’s mortgage subsidiaries following the occurrence and during the continuance of an event of default thereunder and limit dividends to 50% of net income in the absence of an event of default, and (ii) the restriction under Rialto's 7.00% Senior Notes indenture that limits Rialto's ability to make distributions to Lennar.default.
401(k) Plan
Under the Company’s 401(k) Plan (the "Plan"), contributions made by associates can be invested in a variety of mutual funds or proprietary funds provided by the Plan trustee. The Company may also make contributions for the benefit of associates. The Company records as compensation expense its contribution to the Plan. For the years ended November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016, this amount was $17.2$25.3 million, $17.2 million and $15.7 million and $13.5 million, respectively.



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14. Share-Based Payments
Compensation expense related to the Company’s share-based awards was as follows:
 Years ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Total compensation expense for nonvested share-based awards$72,655
 61,356
 55,516

 Years ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Nonvested shares$61,356
 55,516
 43,742
Stock options (1)
 
 131
Total compensation expense for share-based awards$61,356
 55,516
 43,873
(1)Stock options expense relates to stock option awards granted to Lennar's non-employee directors for the year ended November 30, 2015. The fair value of these stock option awards was estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model.
Cash flows resulting from tax benefits related to tax deductions in excess of the compensation expense recognized are classified as financing cash flows. For the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 20152016 there was $2.5 million, $2.0 million, $7.0 million, and $0.1$7.0 million, respectively, of excess tax benefits from share-based awards primarily related to nonvested shares.
The fair value of nonvested shares is determined based on the trading price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. The weighted average fair value of nonvested shares granted during the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was $55.84, $51.92 and 2015 was $51.92, $45.10, and $49.01, respectively. A summary of the Company’s nonvested shares activity for the year ended November 30, 2017,2018, adjusted for the Class B stock dividend, was as follows:
 Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested shares at November 30, 20172,399,866
 $49.33
Grants2,658,928
 $55.84
Vested(2,166,772) $53.37
Forfeited(154,670) $50.94
Nonvested shares at November 30, 20182,737,352
 $52.37

 Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested shares at November 30, 2016 (1)2,328,614
 $45.95
Grants1,348,065
 $51.92
Vested(1,227,865) $45.88
Forfeited(48,948) $46.45
Nonvested shares at November 30, 20172,399,866
 $49.33
(1)Nonvested shares and weighted average fair value at November 30, 2016 have been adjusted to reflect the Class B shares issued as a part of the stock dividend on November 27, 2017.
At November 30, 2017,2018, there was $79.2$96.3 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested share-based awards granted under the Company’s share-based payment plan, all of which relates to nonvested shares with a weighted average remaining contractual life of 2.02 years. For the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016, and 2015,2.2 million, 1.2 million 1.1 million and 1.21.1 million nonvested shares, respectively, were vested each year.



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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


15. Financial Instruments and Fair Value Disclosures
The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments held by the Company at November 30, 20172018 and 20162017, using available market information and what the Company believes to be appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies might have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. The table excludes cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, receivables, net, and accounts payable, all of which had fair values approximating their carrying amounts due to the short maturities and liquidity of these instruments.
   November 30,
   2018 2017
 Fair Value Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
(In thousands)Hierarchy Amount Value Amount Value
ASSETS         
Lennar Financial Services:         
Loans held-for-investment, netLevel 3 $70,216
 63,794
 44,193
 41,795
Investments held-to-maturityLevel 2 $52,490
 52,220
 52,327
 52,189
Rialto:         
Investments held-to-maturityLevel 3 $196,956
 222,753
 179,659
 199,190
          
LIABILITIES         
Lennar Homebuilding senior notes and other debts payableLevel 2 $8,543,868
 8,336,166
 6,410,003
 6,598,848
Lennar Financial Services notes and other debts payableLevel 2 $1,256,174
 1,256,174
 937,431
 937,431
Rialto notes and other debts payableLevel 2 $317,016
 318,032
 625,081
 644,644
   November 30,
   2017 2016
 Fair Value Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
(In thousands)Hierarchy Amount Value Amount Value
ASSETS         
Rialto:         
Loans receivable, netLevel 3 $1,933
 1,933
 111,608
 113,747
Investments held-to-maturityLevel 3 $179,659
 199,190
 71,260
 69,992
Lennar Financial Services:         
Loans held-for-investment, netLevel 3 $44,193
 41,795
 30,004
 31,233
Investments held-to-maturityLevel 2 $52,327
 52,189
 41,991
 42,058
LIABILITIES         
Lennar Homebuilding senior notes and other debts payableLevel 2 $6,410,003
 6,598,848
 4,575,977
 4,669,643
Rialto notes and other debts payableLevel 2 $625,081
 644,644
 622,335
 646,366
Lennar Financial Services notes and other debts payableLevel 2 $937,431
 937,431
 1,077,228
 1,077,228

The following methods and assumptions are used by the Company in estimating fair values:
RialtoLennar Homebuilding—For senior notes and other debts payable, the fair value of fixed-rate borrowings is primarily based on quoted market prices and the fair value of variable-rate borrowings is primarily based on expected future cash flows calculated using current market forward rates.
Lennar Financial Services—The fair values forof loans receivable,held-for-investment, net are based on the fair value of the collateral less estimated cost to sell or discounted cash flows, if estimable. The fair value for investments held-to-maturity is based on discounted cash flows. For notes and other debts payable, the fair value is calculated based on discounted cash flows using quoted interest rates and for the warehouse repurchase financing agreements fair values approximate their carrying value due to their short-term maturities.
Lennar Financial ServicesThe fair values above are based on quoted market prices, if available. The fair values for instruments that do not have quoted market prices are estimated by the Company on the basis of discounted cash flows or other financial information. For notes and other debts payable, the fair values approximate their carrying value due to variable interest pricing terms and the short-term nature of the borrowings.
Lennar HomebuildingRialtoThe fair value for investments held-to-maturity is based on discounted cash flows. For senior notes and other debts payable, the fair value of fixed-rate borrowings is primarilycalculated based on quoted market prices and the fair value of variable-rate borrowings is based on expected futurediscounted cash flows calculated using current market forward rates.quoted interest rates and for the warehouse repurchase financing agreements fair values approximate their carrying value due to their short-term maturities.
Fair Value Measurements
GAAP provides a framework for measuring fair value, expands disclosures about fair value measurements and establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value summarized as follows:
Level 1:    Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.
Level 2:    Fair value determined using significant other observable inputs.
Level 3:    Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs.

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The Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:
(In thousands)
Fair
Value
Hierarchy
 Fair Value at November 30, 2017 Fair Value at November 30, 2016
Fair
Value
Hierarchy
 Fair Value at November 30, 2018 Fair Value at November 30, 2017
Rialto Financial Assets:    
RMF loans held-for-sale (1)Level 3 $234,403
 126,947
Credit default swaps (2)Level 2 $995
 2,863
Lennar Financial Services Assets:        
Loans held-for-sale (3)Level 2 $937,516
 939,405
Loans held-for-sale (1)Level 2 $1,152,198
 937,516
Investments available-for-saleLevel 1 $57,439
 53,570
Level 1 $4,161
 57,439
Mortgage loan commitmentsLevel 2 $9,873
 7,437
Level 2 $16,373
 9,873
Forward contractsLevel 2 $1,681
 26,467
Level 2 $(10,360) 1,681
Mortgage servicing rightsLevel 3 $31,163
 23,930
Level 3 $37,206
 31,163
Rialto Financial Assets:    
RMF loans held-for-sale (2)Level 3 $61,691
 234,403
    
(1)The aggregate fair value of Lennar Financial Services loans held-for-sale of $1.2 billion at November 30, 2018 exceeded their aggregate principal balance of $1.1 billion by $37.3 million. The aggregate fair value of Lennar Financial Services loans held-for-sale of $937.5 million at November 30, 2017 exceeded their aggregate principal balance of $908.8 million by $28.7 million.
(2)The aggregate fair value of Rialto loans held-for-sale of $61.7 million at November 30, 2018 exceeded their aggregate principal balance of $61.0 million by $0.7 million. The aggregate fair value of Rialto loans held-for-sale of $234.4 million at November 30, 2017 were below their aggregate principal balance of $235.4 million by $1.0 million. The aggregate fair value of Rialto loans held-for-sale of $126.9 million at November 30, 2016 were below their aggregate principal balance of $127.8 million by $0.9 million.
(2)Rialto's credit default swaps are included within Rialto's other assets.
(3)The aggregate fair value of Lennar Financial Services loans held-for-sale of $937.5 million at November 30, 2017 exceeds their aggregate principal balance of $908.8 million by $28.7 million. The aggregate fair value of Lennar Financial Services loans held-for-sale of $939.4 million at November 30, 2016 exceeds their aggregate principal balance of $931.0 million by $8.4 million.
The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments have been determined by using available market information and what the Company believes to be appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies might have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. The following methods and assumptions are used by the Company in estimating fair values:
Lennar Financial Services loans held-for-sale— Fair value is based on independent quoted market prices, where available, or the prices for other mortgage whole loans with similar characteristics. Management believes carrying loans held-for-sale at fair value improves financial reporting by mitigating volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring the fair value of the loans and the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. In addition, the Company recognizes the fair value of its rights to service a mortgage loan as revenue upon entering into an interest rate lock loan commitment with a borrower. The fair value of these servicing rights is included in Lennar Financial Services’ loans held-for-sale as of November 30, 2018 and 2017. Fair value of servicing rights is determined based on actual sales of servicing rights on loans with similar characteristics.
Lennar Financial Services investments available-for-sale— The fair value of these investments is based on the quoted market prices for similar financial instruments.
Lennar Financial Services mortgage loan commitments— Fair value of commitments to originate loans is based upon the difference between the current value of similar loans and the price at which the Lennar Financial Services segment has committed to originate the loans. The fair value of commitments to sell loan contracts is the estimated amount that the Lennar Financial Services segment would receive or pay to terminate the commitments at the reporting date based on market prices for similar financial instruments. In addition, the Company recognizes the fair value of its rights to service a mortgage loan as revenue upon entering into an interest rate lock loan commitment with a borrower. The fair value of servicing rights is determined based on actual sales of servicing rights on loans with similar characteristics. The fair value of the mortgage loan commitments and related servicing rights is included in Lennar Financial Services’ other assets.
Lennar Financial Services forward contracts— Fair value is based on quoted market prices for similar financial instruments. The fair value of forward contracts is included in the Lennar Financial Services segment's other liabilities as of November 30, 2018. The fair value of forward contracts is included in the Lennar Financial Services segment's other assets as of November 30, 2017.
The Lennar Financial Services segment uses mandatory mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") forward commitments, option contracts and investor commitments to hedge its mortgage-related interest rate exposure. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk. Credit risk associated with MBS forward commitments, option contracts and loan sales transactions is managed by limiting the Company’s counterparties to investment banks, federally regulated bank affiliates and other investors meeting the Company’s credit standards. The segment’s risk, in the event of default by the purchaser, is the difference between the contract price and fair value of the MBS forward commitments and option

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

contracts. At November 30, 2018, the segment had open commitments amounting to $1.5 billion to sell MBS with varying settlement dates through February 2019.
Lennar Financial Services mortgage servicing rights Lennar Financial Services records the value of mortgage servicing rights when it sells loans on a servicing-retained basis or through the acquisition or assumption of the right to service a financial asset. The fair value of the mortgage servicing rights is calculated using third-party valuations. The key assumptions, which are generally unobservable inputs, used in the valuation of the mortgage servicing rights include mortgage prepayment rates, discount rates and delinquency rates. As of November 30, 2018, the key assumptions used in determining the fair value include an 11.9% mortgage prepayment rate, a 12.5% discount rate and an 8.4% delinquency rate. The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is included in the Lennar Financial Services segment's other assets.
Rialto loans held-for-sale— The fair value of loans held-for-sale is calculated from model-based techniques that use discounted cash flow assumptions and the Company’s own estimates of CMBS spreads, market interest rate movements and the underlying loan credit quality. Loan values are calculated by allocating the change in value of an assumed CMBS capital structure to each loan. The value of an assumed CMBS capital structure is calculated, generally, by discounting the cash flows associated with each CMBS class at market interest rates and at the Company’s own estimate of CMBS spreads. The Company estimates CMBS spreads by observing the pricing of recent CMBS offerings, secondary CMBS markets, changes in the CMBX index, and general capital and commercial real estate market conditions. Considerations in estimating CMBS spreads include comparing the Company’s current loan portfolio with comparable CMBS offerings containing loans with similar duration, credit quality and collateral composition. These methods use unobservable inputs in estimating a discount rate that is used to assign a value to each loan. While the cash payments on the loans are contractual, the discount rate used and assumptions regarding the relative size of each class in the CMBS capital structure can significantly impact the valuation. Therefore, the estimates used could differ materially from the fair value determined when the loans are sold to a securitization trust.
Rialto credit default swaps— The fair value of credit default swaps (derivatives) is based on quoted market prices for similar investments traded in active markets.
Lennar Financial Services loans held-for-sale— Fair value is based on independent quoted market prices, where available, or the prices for other mortgage whole loans with similar characteristics. Management believes carrying loans held-for-sale at fair value improves financial reporting by mitigating volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring the fair value of the loans and the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. In addition, the Company recognizes the fair value of its rights to service a mortgage loan as revenue upon entering into an interest rate lock loan commitment with a borrower. The fair value of these servicing rights is included in Lennar Financial Services’ loans held-for-sale as of November 30, 2017 and 2016. Fair value of servicing rights is determined based on actual sales of servicing rights on loans with similar characteristics.
Lennar Financial Services investments available-for-sale— The fair value of these investments is based on the quoted market prices for similar financial instruments.
Lennar Financial Services mortgage loan commitments— Fair value of commitments to originate loans is based upon the difference between the current value of similar loans and the price at which the Lennar Financial Services segment has committed to originate the loans. The fair value of commitments to sell loan contracts is the estimated amount that the Lennar
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Financial Services segment would receive or pay to terminate the commitments at the reporting date based on market prices for similar financial instruments. In addition, the Company recognizes the fair value of its rights to service a mortgage loan as revenue upon entering into an interest rate lock loan commitment with a borrower. The fair value of servicing rights is determined based on actual sales of servicing rights on loans with similar characteristics. The fair value of the mortgage loan commitments and related servicing rights is included in Lennar Financial Services’ other assets.
Lennar Financial Services forward contracts— Fair value is based on quoted market prices for similar financial instruments. The fair value of forward contracts is included in the Lennar Financial Services segment's other assets as of November 30, 2017 and November 30, 2016.
The Lennar Financial Services segment uses mandatory mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") forward commitments, option contracts and investor commitments to hedge its mortgage-related interest rate exposure. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk. Credit risk associated with MBS forward commitments, option contracts and loan sales transactions is managed by limiting the Company’s counterparties to investment banks, federally regulated bank affiliates and other investors meeting the Company’s credit standards. The segment’s risk, in the event of default by the purchaser, is the difference between the contract price and fair value of the MBS forward commitments and option contracts. At November 30, 2017, the segment had open commitments amounting to $1.1 billion to sell MBS with varying settlement dates through February 2018.
Lennar Financial Services mortgage servicing rights Lennar Financial Services records the value of mortgage servicing rights when it sells loans on a servicing-retained basis or through the acquisition or assumption of the right to service a financial asset. The fair value of the mortgage servicing rights is calculated using third-party valuations. The key assumptions, which are generally unobservable inputs, used in the valuation of the mortgage servicing rights include mortgage prepayment rates, discount rates and delinquency rates. As of November 30, 2017, the key assumptions used in determining the fair value include a 13.1% mortgage prepayment rate, a 12.3% discount rate and a 9.9% delinquency rate. The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is included in the Lennar Financial Services segment's other assets.
The changes in fair values for Level 1 and Level 2 financial instruments measured on a recurring basis are shown below by financial instrument and financial statement line item:
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2018 2017 2016
Changes in fair value included in Lennar Financial Services revenues:     
Loans held-for-sale$8,621
 20,309
 (19,865)
Mortgage loan commitments$6,500
 2,436
 (5,623)
Forward contracts$(12,041) (24,786) 25,936
Investments available-for-sale$(234) (12) 53
Changes in fair value included in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:     
Lennar Financial Services investments available-for-sale$(1,634) 1,331
 (295)
 Years Ended November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016 2015
Changes in fair value included in Lennar Financial Services revenues:     
Loans held-for-sale$20,309
 (19,865) (4,137)
Mortgage loan commitments$2,436
 (5,623) 373
Forward contracts$(24,786) 25,936
 8,107
Investments available-for-sale$(12) 53
 26
Changes in fair value included in Rialto revenues:     
       Credit default swaps$(2,367) (2,063) 477
Changes in fair value included in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:     
       Lennar Financial Services investments available-for-sale$1,331
 (295) (65)

Interest on Lennar Financial Services loans held-for-sale and Rialto loans held-for-sale measured at fair value is calculated based on the interest rate of the loan and recorded as revenues in the Lennar Financial Services’ statement of operations and Rialto's statement of operations, respectively.

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The following table represents the reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance for the Level 3 recurring fair value measurements:
 Years Ended November 30,
 2018 2017
 Lennar Financial Services Rialto Lennar Financial Services Rialto
(In thousands)Mortgage servicing rights RMF loans held-for-sale Mortgage servicing rights RMF loans held-for-sale
Beginning of year$31,163
 234,403
 23,930
 126,947
Purchases/loan originations7,841
 1,350,091
 10,479
 1,583,876
Sales/loan originations sold, including those not settled
 (1,504,554) 
 (1,474,714)
Disposals/settlements(6,948) (19,600) (3,912) 
Changes in fair value (1)5,150
 1,481
 666
 (301)
Interest and principal paydowns
 (130) 
 (1,405)
End of year$37,206
 61,691
 31,163
 234,403
 Years Ended November 30,
 2017 2016
 Lennar Financial Services Rialto Lennar Financial Services Rialto
(In thousands)Mortgage servicing rights RMF loans held-for-sale Mortgage servicing rights RMF loans held-for-sale
Beginning of year$23,930
 126,947
 16,770
 316,275
Purchases/loan originations10,479
 1,583,876
 9,195
 1,696,188
Sales/loan originations sold, including those not settled
 (1,474,714) 
 (1,881,682)
Disposals/settlements(3,912) 
 (4,063) 
Changes in fair value (1)666
 (301) 2,028
 (1,759)
Interest and principal paydowns
 (1,405) 
 (2,075)
End of year$31,163
 234,403
 23,930
 126,947

(1)Changes in fair value for Rialto loans held-for-sale and Lennar Financial Services mortgage servicing rights are included in Rialto's and Lennar Financial Services' revenues, respectively.
The Company’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are those assets for which the Company has recorded valuation adjustments and write-offs. The fair values included in the tables below represent only those assets whose carrying values were adjusted to fair value during the respective periods disclosed. The assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are summarized below:
Years Ended November 30,Years Ended November 30,
 2017 2016 2015 2018 2017 2016
(In thousands)
Fair
Value
Hierarchy
 Carrying Value Fair Value 
Total Gains
(Losses) (1)
 Carrying Value Fair Value Total Gains (Losses) (1) Carrying Value Fair Value Total Gains (Losses) (1)
Fair
Value
Hierarchy
 Carrying Value Fair Value 
Total
(Losses), Net (1)
 Carrying Value Fair Value Total (Losses), Net (1) Carrying Value Fair Value Total Gains (Losses), Net (1)
Financial assets                                    
Rialto:                                    
Impaired loans receivableLevel 3 $31,561
 18,885
 (12,676) 79,581
 61,352
 (18,229) 127,319
 116,956
 (10,363)Level 3 $
 
 
 31,561
 18,885
 (12,676) 79,581
 61,352
 (18,229)
FDIC Portfolios loans held-for-saleLevel 3 32,018
 12,072
 (19,946) 
 
 
 
 
 
FDIC portfolios loans held-for-saleLevel 3 $
 
 
 32,018
 12,072
 (19,946) 
 
 
Non-financial assets                                    
Lennar Homebuilding:                                    
Finished homes and construction in progress (2)Level 3 $8,601
 4,227
 (4,374) 
 
 
 59,913
 47,898
 (12,015)Level 3 $4,019
 3,473
 (546) 8,601
 4,227
 (4,374) 
 
 
Land and land under development (2)Level 3 $6,771
 3,094
 (3,677) 29,418
 22,925
 (6,493) 32,500
 20,033
 (12,467)Level 3 $96,093
 62,850
 (33,243) 6,771
 3,094
 (3,677) 29,418
 22,925
 (6,493)
Rialto:         ��                          
REO, net (3)                                    
Upon acquisition/transferLevel 3 $27,640
 26,591
 (1,049) 53,154
 54,443
 1,289
 59,829
 58,517
 (1,312)Level 3 $
 
 
 27,640
 26,591
 (1,049) 53,154
 54,443
 1,289
Upon management periodic valuationsLevel 3 $145,251
 81,677
 (63,574) 105,830
 81,454
 (24,376) 44,796
 32,430
 (12,366)Level 3 $58,721
 25,632
 (33,089) 145,251
 81,677
 (63,574) 105,830
 81,454
 (24,376)
(1)Represents losses due to valuation adjustments, write-offs, gains (losses) from transfers or acquisitions of real estate through foreclosure and REO impairments recorded during the years ended November 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015.year.
(2)Valuation adjustments were included in Lennar Homebuilding costs and expenses in the Company's consolidated statement of operations for the yearyears ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015.2016.
(3)REO held-for-sale assets are initially recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell at the time of the transfer or acquisition through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure. The fair value of REO held-for-sale is based upon appraised value at the time of foreclosure or management's best estimate. In addition, management periodically performs valuations of its REO held-for-sale. The gains (losses) upon the transfer or acquisition of REO and impairments were included in Rialto other income (expense), net, in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the years ended November 30, 2018, 2017 2016 and 2015.2016.
See Note 1 for a detailed description of the Company’s process for identifying and recording valuation adjustments related to Lennar Homebuilding inventory and Rialto REO assets and loans receivables.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)



16. Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
The Company evaluated the joint venture agreements of its joint ventures that were formed or that had reconsideration events during the year ended November 30, 2017.2018. Based on the Company’s evaluation, during the year ended November 30, 2017,2018, the Company consolidated an entityand deconsolidated the same VIE thus resulting in no change to the combined assets and liabilities during the year. In addition, during the year ended November 30, 2018, the Company consolidated a VIE that had total combined assets of $48.7$57.3 million and liabilitiesan immaterial amount of $1.5 million.liabilities. During the year ended November 30, 2017,2018, there were no VIEswas a VIE that were deconsolidated.
The Company’s recorded investments in unconsolidated entities were as follows:
 November 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Lennar Homebuilding$900,769
 811,723
Rialto$265,418
 245,741
Lennar Multifamily$407,544
 318,559
was deconsolidated that had a total assets of $48.1 million.
Consolidated VIEs
As of November 30, 2018, the carrying amount of the VIEs’ assets and non-recourse liabilities that consolidated was $666.2 million and $242.5 million, respectively. As of November 30, 2017, the carrying amount of the VIEs’ assets and non-recourse liabilities that consolidated was $799.4 million and $389.7 million, respectively. As of November 30, 2016, the carrying amount of the VIEs’ assets and non-recourse liabilities that consolidated was $536.3 million and $126.4 million, respectively. Those assets are owned by, and those liabilities are obligations of, the VIEs, not the Company.
A VIE’s assets can only be used to settle obligations of that VIE. The VIEs are not guarantors of the Company’s senior notes and other debts payable. The assets held by a VIE usually are collateral for that VIE’s debt. The Company and other partners do not generally have an obligation to make capital contributions to a VIE unless the Company and/or the other partner(s) have entered into debt guarantees with the VIE’s banks. Other than debt guarantee agreements with a VIE’s banks, there are no liquidity arrangements or agreements to fund capital or purchase assets that could require the Company to provide financial support to a VIE. While the Company has option contracts to purchase land from certain of its VIEs, the Company is not required to purchase the assets and could walk away from the contracts.
Unconsolidated VIEs
At November 30, 20172018 and 20162017, the Company’s recorded investments in VIEs that are unconsolidated and its estimated maximum exposure to loss were as follows:
November 30, 2017   
(In thousands)Investments in
Unconsolidated
VIEs
 
Lennar’s
Maximum
Exposure to Loss
Lennar Homebuilding (1)$181,804
 248,909
Rialto (2)179,659
 179,659
Lennar Multifamily (3)345,175
 503,364
 $706,638
 931,932
November 30, 2016   
(In thousands)
Investments in
Unconsolidated
VIEs
 
Lennar’s
Maximum
Exposure to Loss
Lennar Homebuilding (1)$120,940
 164,804
Rialto (2)71,260
 71,260
Lennar Multifamily (3)240,928
 549,093
 $433,128
 785,157
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 November 30,
 2018 2017
(In thousands)Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs 
Lennar’s
Maximum
Exposure to Loss
 
Investments in
Unconsolidated
VIEs
 
Lennar’s
Maximum
Exposure to Loss
Lennar Homebuilding (1)$127,009
 188,890
 181,804
 248,909
Lennar Multifamily (2)463,534
 710,754
 345,175
 503,364
Rialto (3)196,956
 196,956
 179,659
 179,659
 $787,499
 1,096,600
 706,638
 931,932
(1)At both November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the maximum exposure to loss of Lennar Homebuilding’s investments in unconsolidated VIEs was limited to its investments in the unconsolidated VIEs, except with regard to repayment guarantees of unconsolidated entities' debt of $61.6$54.8 million and $43.4$61.6 million, respectively.
(2)As of November 30, 2018, the remaining equity commitment of $237.0 million to fund the Venture Fund and Venture Fund II for future expenditures related to the construction and development of its projects was included in Lennar maximum exposure to loss. As of November 30, 2017, the remaining equity commitment of $153.3 million to fund the Venture Fund was included in Lennar's maximum exposure to loss. In addition, at both November 30, 2018 and 2017, the maximum exposure to loss of Lennar Multifamily's investments in unconsolidated VIEs also included its investments in the unconsolidated VIEs, except with regard to $4.6 million of letters of credit outstanding for certain of the unconsolidated VIEs that could be drawn upon in the event of default under their debt agreements.
(3)At both November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the maximum recourse exposure to loss of Rialto’s investments in unconsolidated VIEs was limited to its investments in the unconsolidated entities VIEs. At November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, investments in unconsolidated VIEs and Lennar’s maximum exposure to loss included $179.7$197.0 million and $71.3$179.7 million, respectively, related to Rialto’s investments held-to-maturity.
(3)As of November 30, 2017 and 2016, the remaining equity commitment of $153.3 million and $288.2 million, respectively, to fund the Venture for future expenditures related to the construction and development of its projects was included in Lennar's maximum exposure to loss. In addition, at November 30, 2017 and 2016, the maximum exposure to loss of Lennar Multifamily's investments in unconsolidated VIEs was limited to its investments in the unconsolidated VIEs, except with regard to $4.6 million and $19.7 million, respectively, of letters of credit outstanding for certain of the unconsolidated VIEs that could be drawn upon in the event of default under their debt agreements.
While these entities are VIEs, the Company has determined that the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact the VIEs’ economic performance is generally shared and the Company and its partners are not de-facto agents. While the Company generally manages the day-to-day operations of the VIEs, each of these VIEs has an executive committee made up of representatives from each partner. The members of the executive committee have equal votes and major decisions require unanimous consent and approval from all members. The Company does not have the unilateral ability to exercise participating voting rights without partner consent.
As of November 30, 2017,2018, the Company and other partners do not generally have an obligation to make capital contributions to the VIEs, except for $153.3$237.0 millionremaining equity commitment to fund the Venture Fund and Venture Fund

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

II for future expenditures related to the construction and development of the projects and $4.6 million of letters of credit outstanding for certain Lennar Multifamily unconsolidated VIEs that could be drawn upon in the event of default under their debt agreements. In addition, there are no liquidity arrangements or agreements to fund capital or purchase assets that could require the Company to provide financial support to the VIEs, except with regard to $61.6$54.8 million repayment guarantees of two unconsolidated entities' debt. Except for the unconsolidated VIEs discussed above, the Company and the other partners did not guarantee any debt of the other unconsolidated VIEs. While the Company has option contracts to purchase land from certain of its unconsolidated VIEs, the Company is not required to purchase the assets and could walk away from the contracts.
Option Contracts
The Company has access to land through option contracts, which generally enables it to control portions of properties owned by third parties (including land funds) and unconsolidated entities until the Company has determined whether to exercise the option.
The Company evaluates all option contracts for land to determine whether they are VIEs and, if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of certain of these option contracts. Although the Company does not have legal title to the optioned land, if the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary or makes a significant deposit for optioned land, it may need to consolidate the land under option at the purchase price of the optioned land.
During the year ended November 30, 2017,2018, consolidated inventory not owned increaseddecreased by $272.3$184.3 million with a corresponding increasedecrease to liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of November 30, 2017.2018. The increasedecrease was primarily relateddue to a transaction in which onehigher amount of the Company’s unconsolidated entities sold 475homesite takedowns than construction started on homesites to a third-party land bank and simultaneous with the purchase by the land bank, the Company entered into an option contract to purchase all 475 homesites from the land bank. The Company consolidated the option contract with the land bank due to an amount that the Company would have to pay if the Company defaults under the option contract. The consolidation resulted in a $320.1 million increase in consolidated inventory not owned and liabilities related to consolidated not owned. The increase from the land bank transaction was partially offset by the Company exercising its option to acquire land under previously consolidated contracts. To reflect the purchase price of the inventory consolidated, the Company had a net reclass related to option deposits from land under development to consolidated inventory not owned to land under development in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of November 30, 2017.2018. The liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned primarily represent the difference between the option exercise prices for the optioned land and the Company’s cash deposits.
The Company’s exposure to loss related to its option contracts with third parties and unconsolidated entities consisted of its non-refundable option deposits and pre-acquisition costs totaling $137.0$209.5 million and $85.0$137.0 million at November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. Additionally, the Company had posted $51.8$72.4 million and $45.1$51.8 million of letters of credit in lieu of cash deposits under certain land and option contracts as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.


LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

17. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
The Company is party to various claims, legal actions and complaints arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company is also a party to various lawsuits involving purchases and sales of real property. These lawsuits include claims regarding representations and warranties made in connection with the transfer of properties and disputes regarding the obligation to purchase or sell properties.
The Company does not believe that the ultimate resolution of these claims or lawsuits will have a material adverse effect on its business or financial position. However, the financial effect of litigation concerning purchases and sales of property may depend upon the value of the subject property, which may have changed from the time the agreement for purchase or sale was entered into.
The Company is subject to the usual obligations associated with entering into contracts (including option contracts) for the purchase, development and sale of real estate, which it does in the routine conduct of its business. Option contracts generally enable the Company to control portions of properties owned by third parties (including land funds) and unconsolidated entities until the Company determines whether to exercise the option. The use of option contracts allows the Company to reduce the financial risks associated with long-term land holdings. At November 30, 2017,2018, the Company had $137.0$209.5 million of non-refundable option deposits and pre-acquisition costs related to certain of these homesites, which were included in inventories in the consolidated balance sheet.
The Company was in litigation since 2008 inIn the United States District Court for the Districtfirst quarter of Maryland regarding whether2017, the Company was required byrecorded a $140 million loss due to litigation regarding a contract itthe Company entered into in 2005 to purchase a property in Maryland. After entering into the contract, the Company later renegotiated the purchase price during the downturn, reducing it from $200 million to $134 million, $20 million of which has been paid and subsequently written off, leavingAs a balance of $114 million. In January 2015, the District Court rendered a decision ordering the Company to purchase the property for the $114 million balanceresult of the contract price, to pay interest atlitigation, the rate of 12% per annum from May 27, 2008, and to reimburse the seller for real estate taxes and attorneys’ fees. The Company believed the decision was contrary to applicable law and appealed the decision.
On March 23, 2017, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit held oral argument in the appeal. Following oral argument, the Company concluded that it was appropriate to establish an accrual of $140 million for the litigation. The accrual represented the expected liability associated with the litigation, and did not include the Company’s estimate of the fair value of the property. On April 12, 2017, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit issued a decision upholding the lower court’s decision. The Company subsequently purchased the property for $114 million, which approximated the Company's estimate of the fair value offor the property, andproperty. In addition, the Company paid approximately $124 million in interest and other closing costs. The Company previouslycosts and have accrued for the amount it expectedexpects to pay as reimbursement for attorney’sattorney's fees.
In July 2017, CalAtlantic Group, Inc., a subsidiary of the Company, was notified by the San Francisco Regional Water Quality Control Board of CalAtlantic’s non-compliance with the Clean Water Act at a development in San Ramon, CA. The

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Company expects to pay monetary sanctions to resolve this matter, which the Company does not currently expect will be material.
The Company's mortgage subsidiary was subpoenaed by the United States Department of Justice ("DOJ") regarding the adequacy of certain underwriting and quality control processes related to Federal Housing Administration loans originated and sold in prior years. The Company provided information related to these loans and our processes to the DOJ. In October 2018, the Company paid monetary sanctions and restitution to resolve this matter that were not material.
The Company has entered into agreements to lease certain office facilities and equipment under operating leases. Future minimum payments under the noncancellable leases in effect at November 30, 20172018 were as follows:
(In thousands)
Lease
Payments
2019$50,433
202047,764
202138,878
202227,148
202319,743
Thereafter42,068

(In thousands)
Lease
Payments
2018$37,891
201935,403
202027,669
202121,091
202210,320
Thereafter12,461
Rental expense for the years ended November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016 was $74.6$98.4 million, $74.6 million and $63.2 million and $55.9 million, respectively.
The Company is committed, under various letters of credit, to perform certain development and construction activities and provide certain guarantees in the normal course of business. Outstanding letters of credit under these arrangements totaled $511.8$763.8 million at November 30, 2017.2018. Additionally, at November 30, 2017,2018, the Company had outstanding surety bonds of $1.3$2.7 billion including performance surety bonds related to site improvements at various projects(includingprojects (including certain projects in the Company’s joint ventures) and financial surety bonds. Although significant development and construction activities have been completed related to these site improvements, these bonds are generally not released until all development and construction activities are completed. As of November 30, 2017,2018, there were approximately $570.4 million,$1.4 billion, or 44%52%, of anticipated future
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

costs to complete related to these site improvements. The Company does not presently anticipate any draws upon these bonds that would have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
Substantially all of the loans the Lennar Financial Services segment originates are sold within a short period in the secondary mortgage market on a servicing released, non-recourse basis. After the loans are sold, the Company retains potential liability for possible claims by purchasers that it breached certain limited industry-standard representations and warranties in the loan sale agreements. Over the last several yearsdecade there has been an industry-wide effort by purchasers to defray their losses by purporting to have found inaccuracies related to sellers’ representations and warranties in particular loan sale agreements. Mortgage investors or others could seek to have the Company buy back mortgage loans or compensate them for losses incurred on mortgage loans that the Company has sold based on claims that the Company breached its limited representations or warranties. The Company’s mortgage operations have established reservesaccruals for possible losses associated with mortgage loans previously originated and sold to investors. The Company establishes accruals for such possible losses based upon, among other things, an analysis of repurchase requests received, an estimate of potential repurchase claims not yet received and actual past repurchases and losses through the disposition of affected loans as well as previous settlements. While the Company believes that it has adequately reserved for known losses and projected repurchase requests, given the volatility in the mortgage industry and the uncertainty regarding the ultimate resolution of these claims, if either actual repurchases or the losses incurred resolving those repurchases exceed the Company’s expectations, additional recourse expense may be incurred. Loan origination liabilities are included in Lennar Financial Services’ liabilities in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets.



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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

18. Supplemental Financial Information
The indentures governing the Company’s 6.95% senior notes due 2018, 4.125% senior notes due 2018, 4.500% senior notes due 2019, 4.50% senior notes due 2019, 6.625% senior notes due 2020, 2.95% senior notes due 2020, 8.375% senior notes due 2021, 4.750% senior notes due 2021, 6.25% senior notes due 2021, 4.125% senior notes due 2022, 5.375% senior notes due 2022, 4.750% senior notes due 2022, 4.875% senior notes due 2023, 4.500% senior notes due 2024, 5.875% senior notes due 2024, 4.750% senior notes due 2025, 5.25% senior notes due 2026, 5.00% senior notes due 2027 and 4.75% senior notes due 2027 require that, if any of the Company’s 100% owned subsidiaries, other than its finance company subsidiaries and foreign subsidiaries, directly or indirectly guarantee at least $75 million principal amount of debt of Lennar Corporation, those subsidiaries must also guarantee Lennar Corporation’s obligations with regard to its senior notes. In addition, some subsidiaries of CalAtlantic are guaranteeing CalAtlantic senior convertible notes that also are guaranteed by Lennar Corporation. The entities referred to as "guarantors" in the following tables are subsidiaries that are not finance company subsidiaries or foreign subsidiaries and were guaranteeing the senior notes because at November 30, 20172018 they were guaranteeing Lennar Corporation's letter of credit facilities and its Credit Facility, described in Note 7. The guarantees are full, unconditional and joint and several and the guarantor subsidiaries are 100% directly or indirectly owned by Lennar Corporation. A subsidiary's guarantee will be suspended at any time when it is not directly or indirectly guaranteeing at least $75 million principal amount of debt of Lennar Corporation, and a subsidiary will be released from its guarantee and any other obligations it may have regarding the senior notes if all or substantially all its assets, or all of its capital stock, are sold or otherwise disposed of.
For purposes of the consolidating statement of cash flows included in the following supplemental financial information, the Company's accounting policy is to treat cash received by Lennar Corporation ("the Parent") from its subsidiaries, to the extent of net earnings from such subsidiaries as a dividend and accordingly a return on investment within cash flows from operating activities. Distributions of capital received by the Parent from its subsidiaries are reflected as cash flows from investing activities. The cash outflows associated with the return on investment dividends and distributions of capital received by the Parent are reflected by the Guarantor and Non-Guarantor subsidiaries in the Dividends line item within cash flows from financing activities. All other cash flows between the Parent and its subsidiaries represent the settlement of receivables and payables between such entities in conjunction with the Parent's centralized cash management arrangement with its subsidiaries, which operates with the characteristics of a revolving credit facility, and are accordingly reflected net in the Intercompany line item within cash flows from investing activities for the Parent and net in the Intercompany line item within cash flows from financing activities for the Guarantor and Non-Guarantor subsidiaries.
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Supplemental information for the subsidiaries that were guarantor subsidiaries at November 30, 2017 was as follows:
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Consolidating Balance Sheet
November 30, 2017
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
ASSETS         
Lennar Homebuilding:         
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and receivables, net$1,945,024
 462,336
 21,972
 
 2,429,332
Inventories
 10,560,996
 299,894
 
 10,860,890
Investments in unconsolidated entities
 884,294
 16,475
 
 900,769
Goodwill
 136,566
 
 
 136,566
Other assets246,490
 520,899
 114,431
 (18,416) 863,404
Investments in subsidiaries4,446,309
 52,237
 
 (4,498,546) 
Intercompany7,881,306
 
 
 (7,881,306) 
 14,519,129
 12,617,328
 452,772
 (12,398,268) 15,190,961
Lennar Financial Services
 130,184
 1,561,525
 (2,201) 1,689,508
Rialto
 
 1,153,840
 
 1,153,840
Lennar Multifamily
 
 710,725
 
 710,725
Total assets$14,519,129
 12,747,512
 3,878,862
 (12,400,469) 18,745,034
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY         
Lennar Homebuilding:         
Accounts payable and other liabilities$635,227
 1,011,051
 294,933
 (20,617) 1,920,594
Liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned
 367,220
 13,500
 
 380,720
Senior notes and other debts payable6,011,585
 394,365
 4,053
 
 6,410,003
Intercompany
 6,775,719
 1,105,587
 (7,881,306) 
 6,646,812
 8,548,355
 1,418,073
 (7,901,923) 8,711,317
Lennar Financial Services
 48,700
 1,129,114
 
 1,177,814
Rialto
 
 720,056
 
 720,056
Lennar Multifamily
 
 149,715
 
 149,715
Total liabilities$6,646,812
 8,597,055
 3,416,958
 (7,901,923) 10,758,902
Stockholders’ equity7,872,317
 4,150,457
 348,089
 (4,498,546) 7,872,317
Noncontrolling interests
 
 113,815
 
 113,815
Total equity7,872,317
 4,150,457
 461,904
 (4,498,546) 7,986,132
Total liabilities and equity$14,519,129
 12,747,512
 3,878,862
 (12,400,469) 18,745,034
Table of Contents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Supplemental information for the subsidiaries that were guarantor subsidiaries at November 30, 2018 was as follows:
Consolidating Balance Sheet
November 30, 2016
Consolidating Balance Sheet
November 30, 2018
Consolidating Balance Sheet
November 30, 2018
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
ASSETS                  
Lennar Homebuilding:                  
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and receivables, net$705,126
 436,090
 21,875
 
 1,163,091
$637,083
 886,059
 63,905
 
 1,587,047
Inventories
 8,901,874
 277,052
 
 9,178,926

 16,679,245
 389,459
 
 17,068,704
Investments in unconsolidated entities
 793,840
 17,883
 
 811,723

 983,963
 12,963
 
 996,926
Goodwill
 3,442,359
 
 
 3,442,359
Other assets227,267
 346,865
 84,224
 (7,328) 651,028
339,307
 878,582
 164,848
 (26,955) 1,355,782
Investments in subsidiaries3,918,687
 130,878
 
 (4,049,565) 
10,562,273
 89,044
 
 (10,651,317) 
Intercompany7,017,962
 
 
 (7,017,962) 
11,815,491
 
 
 (11,815,491) 
11,869,042
 10,609,547
 401,034
 (11,074,855) 11,804,768
23,354,154
 22,959,252
 631,175
 (22,493,763) 24,450,818
Lennar Financial Services loans held-for-sale
 
 939,405
 
 939,405
Lennar Financial Services all other assets
 103,000
 715,758
 (3,491) 815,267
Lennar Financial Services
 232,632
 2,115,156
 (889) 2,346,899
Lennar Multifamily
 
 874,219
 
 874,219
Rialto
 
 1,276,210
 
 1,276,210

 
 894,245
 
 894,245
Lennar Multifamily
 
 526,131
 
 526,131
Total assets$11,869,042
 10,712,547
 3,858,538
 (11,078,346) 15,361,781
$23,354,154
 23,191,884
 4,514,795
 (22,494,652) 28,566,181
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY                  
Lennar Homebuilding:                  
Accounts payable and other liabilities$473,103
 778,249
 79,462
 (10,819) 1,319,995
$804,232
 1,977,579
 303,473
 (27,844) 3,057,440
Liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned
 13,582
 96,424
 
 110,006

 162,090
 13,500
 
 175,590
Senior notes and other debts payable4,369,897
 203,572
 2,508
 
 4,575,977
7,968,387
 523,589
 51,892
 
 8,543,868
Intercompany
 6,071,778
 946,184
 (7,017,962) 

 10,116,590
 1,698,901
 (11,815,491) 
4,843,000
 7,067,181
 1,124,578
 (7,028,781) 6,005,978
8,772,619
 12,779,848
 2,067,766
 (11,843,335) 11,776,898
Lennar Financial Services
 38,530
 1,279,753
 
 1,318,283

 51,535
 1,486,225
 
 1,537,760
Lennar Multifamily
 
 170,616
 
 170,616
Rialto
 
 707,980
 
 707,980

 
 397,950
 
 397,950
Lennar Multifamily
 
 117,973
 
 117,973
Total liabilities$4,843,000
 7,105,711
 3,230,284
 (7,028,781) 8,150,214
$8,772,619
 12,831,383
 4,122,557
 (11,843,335) 13,883,224
Stockholders’ equity7,026,042
 3,606,836
 442,729
 (4,049,565) 7,026,042
14,581,535
 10,360,501
 290,816
 (10,651,317) 14,581,535
Noncontrolling interests
 
 185,525
 
 185,525

 
 101,422
 
 101,422
Total equity7,026,042
 3,606,836
 628,254
 (4,049,565) 7,211,567
14,581,535
 10,360,501
 392,238
 (10,651,317) 14,682,957
Total liabilities and equity$11,869,042
 10,712,547
 3,858,538
 (11,078,346) 15,361,781
$23,354,154
 23,191,884
 4,514,795
 (22,494,652) 28,566,181

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Consolidating Balance Sheet
November 30, 2017
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
ASSETS         
Lennar Homebuilding:         
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and receivables, net$1,945,024
 462,336
 21,972
 
 2,429,332
Inventories
 10,560,996
 299,894
 
 10,860,890
Investments in unconsolidated entities
 884,294
 16,475
 
 900,769
Goodwill
 136,566
 
 
 136,566
Other assets246,490
 520,899
 114,431
 (18,416) 863,404
Investments in subsidiaries4,446,309
 52,237
 
 (4,498,546) 
Intercompany7,881,306
 
 
 (7,881,306) 
 14,519,129
 12,617,328
 452,772
 (12,398,268) 15,190,961
Lennar Financial Services
 130,184
 1,561,525
 (2,201) 1,689,508
Lennar Multifamily
 
 710,725
 
 710,725
Rialto
 
 1,153,840
 
 1,153,840
Total assets$14,519,129
 12,747,512
 3,878,862
 (12,400,469) 18,745,034
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY         
Lennar Homebuilding:         
Accounts payable and other liabilities$635,227
 1,011,051
 294,933
 (20,617) 1,920,594
Liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned
 367,220
 13,500
 
 380,720
Senior notes and other debts payable6,011,585
 394,365
 4,053
 
 6,410,003
Intercompany
 6,775,719
 1,105,587
 (7,881,306) 
 6,646,812
 8,548,355
 1,418,073
 (7,901,923) 8,711,317
Lennar Financial Services
 48,700
 1,129,114
 
 1,177,814
Lennar Multifamily
 
 149,715
 
 149,715
Rialto
 
 720,056
 
 720,056
Total liabilities$6,646,812
 8,597,055
 3,416,958
 (7,901,923) 10,758,902
Stockholders’ equity7,872,317
 4,150,457
 348,089
 (4,498,546) 7,872,317
Noncontrolling interests
 
 113,815
 
 113,815
Total equity7,872,317
 4,150,457
 461,904
 (4,498,546) 7,986,132
Total liabilities and equity$14,519,129
 12,747,512
 3,878,862
 (12,400,469) 18,745,034


114

Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income
Year Ended November 30, 2017
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Revenues:         
Lennar Homebuilding$
 11,118,553
 81,689
 
 11,200,242
Lennar Financial Services
 307,892
 482,227
 (20,010) 770,109
Rialto
 
 281,243
 
 281,243
Lennar Multifamily
 
 394,906
 (135) 394,771
Total revenues
 11,426,445
 1,240,065
 (20,145) 12,646,365
Cost and expenses:         
Lennar Homebuilding
 9,676,548
 79,338
 (3,617) 9,752,269
Lennar Financial Services
 280,349
 355,147
 (20,911) 614,585
Rialto
 
 247,762
 (213) 247,549
Lennar Multifamily
 
 407,078
 
 407,078
Corporate general and administrative279,490
 1,338
 
 5,061
 285,889
Total costs and expenses279,490
 9,958,235
 1,089,325
 (19,680) 11,307,370
Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities
 (61,400) (308) 
 (61,708)
Lennar Homebuilding other income (expense), net(427) 17,488
 5,248
 465
 22,774
Lennar Homebuilding loss due to litigation
 (140,000) 
 
 (140,000)
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities
 
 25,447
 
 25,447
Rialto other expense, net
 
 (81,636) 
 (81,636)
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities
 
 85,739
 
 85,739
Earnings (loss) before income taxes(279,917) 1,284,298
 185,230
 
 1,189,611
Benefit (provision) for income taxes95,228
 (427,961) (85,124) 
 (417,857)
Equity in earnings from subsidiaries995,169
 72,104
 
 (1,067,273) 
Net earnings (including net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests)810,480
 928,441
 100,106
 (1,067,273) 771,754
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 (38,726) 
 (38,726)
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$810,480
 928,441
 138,832
 (1,067,273) 810,480
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:        

Net unrealized gains on securities available-for-sale$
 
 1,331
 
 1,331
Reclassification adjustments for losses included in net earnings, net of tax
 
 12
 
 12
Total other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 1,343
 
 1,343
Total comprehensive income attributable to Lennar$810,480
 928,441
 140,175
 (1,067,273) 811,823
Total comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests$
 
 (38,726) 
 (38,726)
Table of Contents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Year Ended November 30, 2016
Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Year Ended November 30, 2018
Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Year Ended November 30, 2018
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Revenues:                  
Lennar Homebuilding$
 9,731,122
 10,215
 
 9,741,337
$
 18,972,723
 104,874
 
 19,077,597
Lennar Financial Services
 215,737
 491,536
 (20,018) 687,255

 371,063
 516,691
 (19,923) 867,831
Lennar Multifamily
 
 421,132
 
 421,132
Rialto
 
 233,966
 
 233,966

 
 205,071
 
 205,071
Lennar Multifamily
 
 287,527
 (86) 287,441
Total revenues
 9,946,859
 1,023,244
 (20,104) 10,949,999

 19,343,786
 1,247,768
 (19,923) 20,571,631
Cost and expenses:                  
Lennar Homebuilding
 8,389,469
 23,424
 (13,012) 8,399,881

 16,831,780
 104,950
 143
 16,936,873
Lennar Financial Services
 192,572
 340,463
 (9,397) 523,638

 339,211
 372,672
 (31,482) 680,401
Lennar Multifamily
 
 429,759
 
 429,759
Rialto
 
 230,565
 (796) 229,769

 
 198,861
 (8,448) 190,413
Lennar Multifamily
 
 301,786
 
 301,786
Acquisition and integration costs related to CalAtlantic
 152,980
 
 
 152,980
Corporate general and administrative226,482
 1,019
 
 5,061
 232,562
336,355
 2,417
 
 5,162
 343,934
Total costs and expenses226,482
 8,583,060
 896,238
 (18,144) 9,687,636
336,355
 17,326,388
 1,106,242
 (34,625) 18,734,360
Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities
 (49,662) 387
 
 (49,275)
Lennar Homebuilding other income (expense), net(1,922) 49,976
 2,737
 1,960
 52,751
Lennar Homebuilding equity in (loss) earnings from unconsolidated entities
 (92,317) 402
 
 (91,915)
Lennar Homebuilding other income, net14,740
 192,951
 12,852
 (14,702) 205,841
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities and other gain
 
 51,322
 
 51,322
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities
 
 18,961
 
 18,961

 
 25,816
 
 25,816
Rialto other expense, net
 
 (39,850) 
 (39,850)
 
 (62,058) 
 (62,058)
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities
 
 85,519
 
 85,519
Gain on sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform
 
 296,407
 
 296,407
Earnings (loss) before income taxes(228,404) 1,364,113
 194,760
��
 1,330,469
(321,615) 2,118,032
 466,267
 
 2,262,684
Benefit (provision) for income taxes71,719
 (419,596) (69,501) 
 (417,378)78,249
 (498,424) (124,996) 
 (545,171)
Equity in earnings from subsidiaries1,068,529
 63,278
 
 (1,131,807) 
1,939,197
 93,612
 
 (2,032,809) 
Net earnings (including net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests)911,844
 1,007,795
 125,259
 (1,131,807) 913,091
1,695,831
 1,713,220
 341,271
 (2,032,809) 1,717,513
Less: Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 1,247
 
 1,247

 
 21,682
 
 21,682
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$911,844
 1,007,795
 124,012
 (1,131,807) 911,844
$1,695,831
 1,713,220
 319,589
 (2,032,809) 1,695,831
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:                 

Net unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale$
 
 (295) 
 (295)$
 
 (1,634) 
 (1,634)
Reclassification adjustments for gains included in net earnings, net of tax$
 
 (53) 
 (53)
Reclassification adjustments for losses included in net earnings, net of tax
 
 234
 
 234
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax
 
 (348) 
 (348)
 
 (1,400) 
 (1,400)
Total comprehensive income attributable to Lennar$911,844
 1,007,795
 123,664
 (1,131,807) 911,496
$1,695,831
 1,713,220
 318,189
 (2,032,809) 1,694,431
Total comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests$
 
 1,247
 
 1,247
Total comprehensive earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests$
 
 21,682
 
 21,682

115

Table of Contents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Year Ended November 30, 2015
Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Year Ended November 30, 2017
Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Year Ended November 30, 2017
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Revenues:                  
Lennar Homebuilding$
 8,466,945
 
 
 8,466,945
$
 11,118,553
 81,689
 
 11,200,242
Lennar Financial Services
 194,993
 445,535
 (20,001) 620,527

 307,892
 482,227
 (20,010) 770,109
Lennar Multifamily
 
 394,906
 (135) 394,771
Rialto
 
 221,923
 
 221,923

 
 281,243
 
 281,243
Lennar Multifamily
 
 164,639
 (26) 164,613
Total revenues
 8,661,938
 832,097
 (20,027) 9,474,008

 11,426,445
 1,240,065
 (20,145) 12,646,365
Cost and expenses:                  
Lennar Homebuilding
 7,231,495
 49,327
 (15,983) 7,264,839

 9,676,548
 79,338
 (3,617) 9,752,269
Lennar Financial Services
 181,805
 316,003
 (5,076) 492,732

 280,349
 355,147
 (20,911) 614,585
Lennar Multifamily
 
 407,078
 
 407,078
Rialto
 
 223,933
 (1,058) 222,875

 
 247,762
 (213) 247,549
Lennar Multifamily
 
 191,302
 
 191,302
Corporate general and administrative210,377
 806
 
 5,061
 216,244
279,490
 1,338
 
 5,061
 285,889
Total costs and expenses210,377
 7,414,106
 780,565
 (17,056) 8,387,992
279,490
 9,958,235
 1,089,325
 (19,680) 11,307,370
Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities
 49,134
 14,239
 
 63,373
Lennar Homebuilding equity in loss from unconsolidated entities
 (61,400) (308) 
 (61,708)
Lennar Homebuilding other income (expense), net(6,918) (7,551) 17,660
 2,971
 6,162
(427) 17,488
 5,248
 465
 22,774
Lennar Homebuilding loss due to litigation
 (140,000) 
 
 (140,000)
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities
 
 85,739
 
 85,739
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities
 
 22,293
 
 22,293

 
 25,447
 
 25,447
Rialto other income, net
 
 12,254
 
 12,254
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities
 
 19,518
 
 19,518
Rialto other expense, net
 
 (81,636) 
 (81,636)
Earnings (loss) before income taxes(217,295) 1,289,415
 137,496
 
 1,209,616
(279,917) 1,284,298
 185,230
 
 1,189,611
Benefit (provision) for income taxes71,099
 (412,301) (49,214) 
 (390,416)95,228
 (427,961) (85,124) 
 (417,857)
Equity in earnings from subsidiaries949,090
 51,956
 
 (1,001,046) 
995,169
 72,104
 
 (1,067,273) 
Net earnings (including earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests)802,894
 929,070
 88,282
 (1,001,046) 819,200
Less: Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 16,306
 
 16,306
Net earnings (including net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests)810,480
 928,441
 100,106
 (1,067,273) 771,754
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 (38,726) 
 (38,726)
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$802,894
 929,070
 71,976
 (1,001,046) 802,894
$810,480
 928,441
 138,832
 (1,067,273) 810,480
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:         
Net unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale$
 
 (65) 
 (65)
Reclassification adjustments for gains included in net earnings$
 
 (26) 
 (26)
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax
 
 (91) 
 (91)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:         
Net unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale$
 
 1,331
 
 1,331
Reclassification adjustments for losses included in net earnings, net of tax$
 
 12
 
 12
Total other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 1,343
 
 1,343
Total comprehensive income attributable to Lennar$802,894
 929,070
 71,885
 (1,001,046) 802,803
$810,480
 928,441
 140,175
 (1,067,273) 811,823
Total comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests$
 
 16,306
 
 16,306
Total comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests$
 
 (38,726) 
 (38,726)

116

Table of Contents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Year Ended November 30, 2016
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Revenues:         
Lennar Homebuilding$
 9,731,122
 10,215
 
 9,741,337
Lennar Financial Services
 215,737
 491,536
 (20,018) 687,255
Lennar Multifamily
 
 287,527
 (86) 287,441
Rialto
 
 233,966
 
 233,966
Total revenues
 9,946,859
 1,023,244
 (20,104) 10,949,999
Cost and expenses:         
Lennar Homebuilding
 8,389,469
 23,424
 (13,012) 8,399,881
Lennar Financial Services
 192,572
 340,463
 (9,397) 523,638
Lennar Multifamily
 
 301,786
 
 301,786
Rialto
 
 230,565
 (796) 229,769
Corporate general and administrative226,482
 1,019
 
 5,061
 232,562
Total costs and expenses226,482
 8,583,060
 896,238
 (18,144) 9,687,636
Lennar Homebuilding equity in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities
 (49,662) 387
 
 (49,275)
Lennar Homebuilding other income (expense), net(1,922) 49,976
 2,737
 1,960
 52,751
Lennar Multifamily equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities
 
 85,519
 
 85,519
Rialto equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities
 
 18,961
 
 18,961
Rialto other income, net
 
 (39,850) 
 (39,850)
Earnings (loss) before income taxes(228,404) 1,364,113
 194,760
 
 1,330,469
Benefit (provision) for income taxes71,719
 (419,596) (69,501) 
 (417,378)
Equity in earnings from subsidiaries1,068,529
 63,278
 
 (1,131,807) 
Net earnings (including earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests)911,844
 1,007,795
 125,259
 (1,131,807) 913,091
Less: Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 1,247
 
 1,247
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$911,844
 1,007,795
 124,012
 (1,131,807) 911,844
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:         
Net unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale$
 
 (295) 
 (295)
Reclassification adjustments for gains included in net earnings$
 
 (53) 
 (53)
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax
 
 (348) 
 (348)
Total comprehensive income attributable to Lennar$911,844
 1,007,795
 123,664
 (1,131,807) 911,496
Total comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests$
 
 1,247
 
 1,247


117

Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended November 30, 2017
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Cash flows from operating activities:         
Net earnings (including net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests)$810,480
 928,441
 100,106
 (1,067,273) 771,754
Distributions of earnings from guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries995,169
 72,104
 
 (1,067,273) 
Other adjustments to reconcile net earnings (including net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests) to net cash provided by operating activities(739,947) (246,983) 144,767
 1,067,273
 225,110
Net cash provided by operating activities1,065,702
 753,562
 244,873
 (1,067,273) 996,864
Cash flows from investing activities:         
Proceeds from sale of operating properties
 60,326
 
 
 60,326
Investments in and contributions to unconsolidated entities, net of distributions of capital
 (181,101) (41,876) 
 (222,977)
Proceeds from sales of real estate owned
 
 86,565
 
 86,565
Receipts of principal payments on loans held-for-sale
 
 11,251
 
 11,251
Originations of loans receivable
 
 (98,375) 
 (98,375)
Purchases of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds
 
 (107,262) 
 (107,262)
Acquisition, net of cash acquired(611,103) 
 
 
 (611,103)
Other(35,251) (49,356) 96,365
 
 11,758
Distributions of capital from guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries115,000
 80,000
 
 (195,000) 
Intercompany(865,364) 
 
 865,364
 
Net cash used in investing activities(1,396,718) (90,131) (53,332) 670,364
 (869,817)
Cash flows from financing activities:         
Net repayments under warehouse facilities
 (104) (199,580) 
 (199,684)
Proceeds from senior notes and debt issuance costs2,433,539
 
 (12,129) 
 2,421,410
Redemption of senior notes(800,000) (258,595) 
 
 (1,058,595)
Net proceeds on Rialto notes payable
 
 74,666
 
 74,666
Net proceeds on other borrowings
 (104,471) (4,024) 
 (108,495)
Proceeds on other liabilities
 
 195,541
 
 195,541
Net payments related to noncontrolling interests
 
 (68,586) 
 (68,586)
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards1,981
 
 
 
 1,981
Common stock:         
Issuances720
 
 
 
 720
Repurchases(27,054) 
 
 
 (27,054)
Dividends(37,608) (1,018,441) (243,832) 1,262,273
 (37,608)
Intercompany
 700,197
 165,167
 (865,364) 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities1,571,578
 (681,414) (92,777) 396,909
 1,194,296
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents1,240,562
 (17,983) 98,764
 
 1,321,343
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period697,112
 377,070
 255,347
 
 1,329,529
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$1,937,674
 359,087
 354,111
 
 2,650,872
Table of Contents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended November 30, 2016
Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended November 30, 2018
Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended November 30, 2018
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Cash flows from operating activities:                  
Net earnings (including net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests)$911,844
 1,007,795
 125,259
 (1,131,807) 913,091
$1,695,831
 1,713,220
 341,271
 (2,032,809) 1,717,513
Distributions of earnings from guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries1,068,529
 63,278
 
 (1,131,807) 
1,939,197
 93,612
 
 (2,032,809) 
Other adjustments to reconcile net earnings (including net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities(1,083,418) (231,877) (221,799) 1,131,807
 (405,287)
Other adjustments to reconcile net earnings (including net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests) to net cash provided by operating activities(1,731,335) 598,250
 (905,628) 2,032,809
 (5,904)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities896,955
 839,196
 (96,540) (1,131,807) 507,804
1,903,693
 2,405,082
 (564,357) (2,032,809) 1,711,609
Cash flows from investing activities:                  
Proceeds from sale of operating properties
 25,288
 
 
 25,288

 38,633
 
 
 38,633
(Investments in and contributions to) and distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities, net
 (139,533) 36,962
 
 (102,571)
 (94,937) 51,906
 
 (43,031)
Proceeds from sales of real estate owned
 
 97,871
 
 97,871

 
 32,221
 
 32,221
Receipts of principal payments on loans receivable and other
 
 84,433
 
 84,433
Originations of loans receivable
 
 (56,507) 
 (56,507)
Proceeds from sale of investment in unconsolidated entity
 199,654
 25,613
 
 225,267
Proceeds from sale of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds
 
 14,222
 
 14,222
Proceeds from sale of Rialto investment and asset management platform
 
 340,000
 
 340,000
Purchases of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds
 
 (42,436) 
 (42,436)
 
 (31,068) 
 (31,068)
Acquisition, net of cash acquired(1,162,342) 22,716
 36,351
 
 (1,103,275)
Other(11,709) (56,627) (23,579) 
 (91,915)(56,050) (35,982) 10,941
 
 (81,091)
Distributions of capital from guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries40,000
 34,000
 
 (74,000) 
94,987
 40,987
 
 (135,974) 
Intercompany(787,185) 
 
 787,185
 
(728,546) 
 
 728,546
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(758,894) (136,872) 96,744
 713,185
 (85,837)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities(1,851,951) 171,071
 480,186
 592,572
 (608,122)
Cash flows from financing activities:                  
Net borrowings under warehouse facilities
 116
 107,349
 
 107,465
Proceeds from senior notes and debt issuance costs495,974
 
 (1,690) 

 494,284
Net repayments under unsecured revolving credit facility
 (454,700) 
 
 (454,700)
Net (repayments) borrowings under warehouse facilities
 (108) 273,028
 
 272,920
Debt issuance costs(9,189) 
 (5,472) 
 (14,661)
Redemption of senior notes(250,000) 
 
 
 (250,000)(1,010,626) (89,374) 
 
 (1,100,000)
Conversions and exchanges of convertible senior notes(234,028) 
 
 
 (234,028)
 (59,145) 
 
 (59,145)
Principal payments on Rialto notes payable including structured notes
 
 (39,026) 
 (39,026)
Net payments on other borrowings
 (165,463) (8,342) 
 (173,805)
Net payments on other borrowings, other liabilities, Rialto Senior Notes and other notes payable
 (128,685) (294,250) 
 (422,935)
Net payments related to noncontrolling interests
 
 (127,057) 
 (127,057)
 
 (71,449) 
 (71,449)
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards7,039
 
 
 
 7,039
Common stock:                  
Issuances19,471
 
 
 
 19,471
3,061
 
 
 
 3,061
Repurchases(19,902) 
 
 
 (19,902)(299,833) 
 
 
 (299,833)
Dividends(35,324) (1,047,795) (158,012) 1,205,807
 (35,324)(49,159) (1,799,207) (369,576) 2,168,783
 (49,159)
Intercompany
 551,840
 235,345
 (787,185) 

 306,199
 422,347
 (728,546) 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(16,770) (661,302) 8,567
 418,622
 (250,883)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents121,291
 41,022
 8,771
 
 171,084
Net cash used in financing activities(1,365,746) (2,225,020) (45,372) 1,440,237
 (2,195,901)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(1,314,004) 351,133
 (129,543) 
 (1,092,414)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period575,821
 336,048
 246,576
 
 1,158,445
1,937,674
 359,087
 354,111
 
 2,650,872
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$697,112
 377,070
 255,347
 
 1,329,529
$623,670
 710,220
 224,568
 
 1,558,458

118

Table of Contents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended November 30, 2015
Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended November 30, 2017
Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended November 30, 2017
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Cash flows from operating activities:                  
Net earnings (including net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests)$802,894
 929,070
 88,282
 (1,001,046) 819,200
Net earnings (including net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests)$810,480
 928,441
 100,106
 (1,067,273) 771,754
Distributions of earnings from guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries949,090
 51,956
 
 (1,001,046) 
995,169
 72,104
 
 (1,067,273) 
Other adjustments to reconcile net earnings (including net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities(782,575) (861,284) (596,033) 1,001,046
 (1,238,846)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities969,409
 119,742
 (507,751) (1,001,046) (419,646)
Other adjustments to reconcile net earnings (including net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests) to net cash provided by operating activities(739,947) (246,983) 144,767
 1,067,273
 225,110
Net cash provided by operating activities1,065,702
 753,562
 244,873
 (1,067,273) 996,864
Cash flows from investing activities:                  
Proceeds from sale of operating properties
 73,732
 
 
 73,732

 60,326
 
 
 60,326
Investments in and contributions to unconsolidated entities, net of distributions of capital
 (90,267) (5,674) 
 (95,941)
 (181,101) (41,876) 
 (222,977)
Proceeds from sales of real estate owned
 
 155,295
 
 155,295

 
 86,565
 
 86,565
Receipts of principal payments on loans receivable and other
 
 28,389
 
 28,389
Origination of Rialto loans receivable
 
 (78,703) 
 (78,703)
Receipts of principal payments on loans held-for-sale
 
 11,251
 
 11,251
Originations of loans receivable
 
 (98,375) 
 (98,375)
Purchases of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds
 
 (107,262) 
 (107,262)
Acquisition, net of cash acquired(611,103) 
 
 
 (611,103)
Other(5,988) (96,180) (78,997) 
 (181,165)(35,251) (49,356) 96,365
 
 11,758
Distributions of capital from guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries115,000
 115,050
 
 (230,050) 
115,000
 80,000
 
 (195,000) 
Intercompany(1,514,775) 
 
 1,514,775
 
(865,364) 
 
 865,364
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(1,405,763) 2,335
 20,310
 1,284,725
 (98,393)
Net cash used in investing activities(1,396,718) (90,131) (53,332) 670,364
 (869,817)
Cash flows from financing activities:                  
Net borrowings under warehouse facilities
 
 366,290
 
 366,290
Net repayments under warehouse facilities
 (104) (199,580) 
 (199,684)
Proceeds from senior notes and debt issuance costs1,137,826
 
 (2,986) 
 1,134,840
2,433,539
 
 (12,129) 
 2,421,410
Redemption of senior notes(500,000) 
 
 
 (500,000)(800,000) (258,595) 
 
 (1,058,595)
Conversion and exchanges of convertible senior notes(212,107) 
 
 
 (212,107)
Principal payments on Rialto notes payable including structured notes
 
 (58,923) 
 (58,923)
Net payments on other borrowings
 (156,490) 
 
 (156,490)
Net proceeds from Rialto notes payable
 
 74,666
 
 74,666
Net proceeds on other borrowings
 (104,471) (4,024) 
 (108,495)
Proceeds on other liabilities
 
 195,541
 
 195,541
Net payments related to noncontrolling interests
 
 (132,078) 
 (132,078)
 
 (68,586) 
 (68,586)
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards113
 
 
 
 113
1,981
 
 
 
 1,981
Common stock:                  
Issuances9,405
 
 
 
 9,405
720
 
 
 
 720
Repurchases(23,188) 
 
 
 (23,188)(27,054) 
 
 
 (27,054)
Dividends(33,192) (1,044,070) (187,026) 1,231,096
 (33,192)(37,608) (1,018,441) (243,832) 1,262,273
 (37,608)
Intercompany
 1,161,617
 353,158
 (1,514,775) 

 700,197
 165,167
 (865,364) 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities378,857
 (38,943) 338,435
 (283,679) 394,670
1,571,578
 (681,414) (92,777) 396,909
 1,194,296
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(57,497) 83,134
 (149,006) 
 (123,369)1,240,562
 (17,983) 98,764
 
 1,321,343
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period633,318
 252,914
 395,582
 
 1,281,814
697,112
 377,070
 255,347
 
 1,329,529
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$575,821
 336,048
 246,576
 
 1,158,445
$1,937,674
 359,087
 354,111
 
 2,650,872

119

Table of Contents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended November 30, 2016
(In thousands)
Lennar
Corporation
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Consolidating Adjustments Total
Cash flows from operating activities:         
Net earnings (including net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests)$911,844
 1,007,795
 125,259
 (1,131,807) 913,091
Distributions of earnings from guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries1,068,529
 63,278
 
 (1,131,807) 
Other adjustments to reconcile net earnings (including net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities(1,083,418) (231,877) (221,799) 1,131,807
 (405,287)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities896,955
 839,196
 (96,540) (1,131,807) 507,804
Cash flows from investing activities:         
Proceeds from sale of operating properties
 25,288
 
 
 25,288
(Investments in and contributions to) and distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities, net
 (139,533) 36,962
 
 (102,571)
Proceeds from sales of real estate owned
 
 97,871
 
 97,871
Receipts of principal payments on loans receivable and other
 
 84,433
 
 84,433
Originations of loans receivable
 
 (56,507) 
 (56,507)
Purchases of commercial mortgage-backed securities bonds
 
 (42,436) 
 (42,436)
Other(11,709) (56,627) (23,579) 
 (91,915)
Distributions of capital from guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries40,000
 34,000
 
 (74,000) 
Intercompany(787,185) 
 
 787,185
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(758,894) (136,872) 96,744
 713,185
 (85,837)
Cash flows from financing activities:         
Net borrowings under warehouse facilities
 116
 107,349
 
 107,465
Proceeds from senior notes and debt issuance costs495,974
 
 (1,690) 
 494,284
Redemption of senior notes(250,000) 
 
 
 (250,000)
Conversions and exchanges of convertible senior notes(234,028) 
 
 
 (234,028)
Principal payments on Rialto notes payable including structured notes
 
 (39,026) 
 (39,026)
Net payments on other borrowings
 (165,463) (8,342) 
 (173,805)
Net payments related to noncontrolling interests
 
 (127,057) 
 (127,057)
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards7,039
 
 
 
 7,039
Common stock:         
Issuances19,471
 
 
 
 19,471
Repurchases(19,902) 
 
 
 (19,902)
Dividends(35,324) (1,047,795) (158,012) 1,205,807
 (35,324)
Intercompany
 551,840
 235,345
 (787,185) 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(16,770) (661,302) 8,567
 418,622
 (250,883)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents121,291
 41,022
 8,771
 
 171,084
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period575,821
 336,048
 246,576
 
 1,158,445
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$697,112
 377,070
 255,347
 
 1,329,529


120

Table of Contents
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

19. Quarterly Data (unaudited)
 First Second Third Fourth
(In thousands, except per share amounts)       
2018       
Revenues$2,980,791
 5,459,061
 5,672,569
 6,459,210
Gross profit from sales of homes$516,628
 840,042
 1,057,903
 1,274,241
Earnings before income taxes$269,428
 390,810
 565,918
 1,036,528
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$136,215
 310,257
 453,211
 796,148
Earnings per share:       
Basic$0.53
 0.95
 1.37
 2.42
Diluted$0.53
 0.94
 1.37
 2.42
2017       
Revenues$2,337,428
 3,261,892
 3,261,476
 3,785,569
Gross profit from sales of homes$419,165
 616,875
 650,411
 747,502
Earnings before income taxes$49,643
 309,600
 368,385
 461,983
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$38,080
 213,645
 249,165
 309,590
Earnings per share:       
Basic$0.16
 0.89
 1.04
 1.29
Diluted$0.16
 0.89
 1.04
 1.29

 First Second Third Fourth
(In thousands, except per share amounts)       
2017       
Revenues$2,337,428
 3,261,892
 3,261,476
 3,785,569
Gross profit from sales of homes$419,165
 616,875
 650,411
 747,502
Earnings before income taxes$49,643
 309,600
 368,385
 461,983
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$38,080
 213,645
 249,165
 309,590
Earnings per share:       
Basic (1)$0.16
 0.89
 1.04
 1.29
Diluted (1)$0.16
 0.89
 1.04
 1.29
2016       
Revenues$1,993,664
 2,745,815
 2,833,894
 3,376,626
Gross profit from sales of homes$398,946
 561,523
 551,676
 683,519
Earnings before income taxes$201,693
 327,839
 339,558
 461,379
Net earnings attributable to Lennar$144,080
 218,469
 235,842
 313,453
Earnings per share:       
Basic (1)$0.66
 0.99
 1.02
 1.34
Diluted (1)$0.62
 0.93
 0.99
 1.31
(1)Basic and diluted earnings per share calculations have been retroactively adjusted in each of the periods presented to reflect the 4.7 million Class B shares distributed as a part of the stock dividend on November 27, 2017.
Quarterly and year-to-date computations of per share amounts are made independently. Therefore, the sum of per share amounts for the quarters may not agree with per share amounts for the year.


20. Subsequent Events
Subsequent to November 30, 2018, the Company sold the majority of its retail title agency business and its wholly owned title insurance carrier. In addition, the Company sold its real estate brokerage business, which operated only in Florida. The Company does not expect the net gain from these transactions to be material.
Subsequent to November 30, 2018, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to the lesser of $1 billion in value, or 25 million in shares, of the Company’s outstanding Class A or Class B common stock. The repurchase authorization has no expiration.


Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements Withwith Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
Not applicable.


Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer participated in an evaluation by our management of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on their participation in that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of November 30, 20172018 to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or furnished under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Our CEO and CFO also participated in an evaluation by our management of any changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended November 30, 2017.2018. That evaluation did not identify any changes that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Overover Financial Reporting and the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm obtained from Deloitte & Touche LLP relating to the effectiveness of Lennar Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting are included elsewhere in this document.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and CFO, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013), our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of November 30, 2017.2018. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 20172018 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their attestation report which is included herein.



REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Lennar Corporation
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Lennar Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company"“Company”) as of November 30, 2017,2018, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended November 30, 2018, of the Company and our report dated January 28, 2019 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of theits inherent limitations, of internal control over financial reporting including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be preventedprevent or detected on a timely basis.detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2017, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended November 30, 2017 of the Company and our report dated January 24, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.


/s/ DELOITTEDeloitte & TOUCHETouche LLP
 
Certified Public Accountants
 
Miami, Florida
January 24, 201828, 2019



Item 9B. Other Information.
Not applicable.


PART III


Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The information required by this item for executive officers is set forth under the heading "Executive Officers of Lennar Corporation" in Part I. We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is located on our internet web site at www.lennar.com under "Investor Relations – Corporate Governance." We intend to provide disclosure of any amendments or waivers of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics on our website within four business days following the date of the amendment or waiver. The other information called for by this item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than March 30, 20182019 (120 days after the end of our fiscal year).


Item 11. Executive Compensation.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than March 30, 20182019 (120 days after the end of our fiscal year).


Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than March 30, 20182019 (120 days after the end of our fiscal year), except for the information required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K, which is provided below.
The following table summarizes our equity compensation plans as of November 30, 20172018:
Plan category
Number of shares to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights
(a)
 Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights Number of shares remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding shares reflected in column (a)) (1)
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders20,000
 $51.26
 12,468,877
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders
 
 
Total20,000
 $51.26
 12,468,877
Plan category
Number of shares to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights
(a)
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rightsNumber of shares remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding shares reflected in column (a)) (1)
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders
$
10,911,157
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders
n/a

Total
$
10,911,157
(1)Both shares of Class A and Class B common stock may be issued.


Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than March 30, 20182019 (120 days after the end of our fiscal year).


Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than March 30, 20182019 (120 days after the end of our fiscal year).



PART IV


Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
(a)Documents filed as part of this Report.
1.The following financial statements are contained in Item 8:


Financial Statements
Page in
this  Report
2.The following financial statement schedule is included in this Report:
Financial Statement Schedule
Page in
this  Report
Information required by other schedules has either been incorporated in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes or is not applicable to us.
3.The following exhibits are filed with this Report or incorporated by reference:
2.1
  
2.22.1
  
3.1
  
3.2
3.3
  
4.1
  
4.2
4.3
  
4.44.3
4.5
  

4.64.4
  
4.74.5
  

4.8
4.6
  
4.94.7
  
4.104.8
  
4.114.9
  
4.124.10
  
4.134.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
  
10.1*
  
10.2*
  
10.3*
  
10.4*
  

10.5*
  
10.6
  
10.7
10.8

10.9
  
10.110.8
  
10.1110.9

10.10
  
10.12*10.11*
10.13*
  
10.1410.12
  
10.1510.13
  
10.16*10.14*
10.15*
10.16*
10.17*
  
21
  
23
  
31.1
  
31.2
  
32
  
101The following financial statements from Lennar Corporation Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 30, 2017,2018, filed on January 24, 2018,28, 2019, formatted in XBRL (ExtensibleiXBRL (Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language); (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iii) Consolidated Statements of Equity (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
*    Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
**    Filed herewith.


Item 16. Form 10-K Summary
None.


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 LENNAR CORPORATION
  
 
/S/    STUART MILLER        
S/    RICHARD BECKWITT        
 Stuart MillerRichard Beckwitt
 Chief Executive Officer and Director
 Date:January 24, 201828, 2019

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Principal Executive Officer:  
   
Stuart MillerRichard Beckwitt
/S/    STUART MILLER        
S/    RICHARD BECKWITT        
Chief Executive Officer and DirectorDate:January 24, 201828, 2019
   
Principal Financial Officer:  
   
Bruce GrossDiane Bessette
/S/    BRUCE GROSS        
S/    DIANE BESSETTE       
Vice President, and Chief Financial Officer and TreasurerDate:January 24, 201828, 2019
   
Principal Accounting Officer:  
   
David Collins
/S/    DAVID COLLINS        
S/    DAVID COLLINS        
ControllerDate:January 24, 201828, 2019
   
Directors:  
   
Irving Bolotin
/S/    IRVING BOLOTIN        
S/    IRVING BOLOTIN        
 Date:January 24, 201828, 2019
   
Steven L. Gerard
/S/    STEVENS/    STEVEN L. GERARD        
GERARD        
 Date:January 24, 201828, 2019
   
Theron I. ("Tig") Gilliam, Jr./s/S/    THERON I. ("TIG") GILLIAM, JR.        
 Date:January 24, 201828, 2019
   
Sherrill W. Hudson
/S/    SHERRILLS/    SHERRILL W. HUDSON        
HUDSON        
 Date:January 24, 201828, 2019
Jonathan M. Jaffe/S/    JONATHAN M. JAFFE        
Date:January 28, 2019
   
Sidney Lapidus
/S/    SIDNEY LAPIDUS        
S/    SIDNEY LAPIDUS        
 Date:January 24, 201828, 2019
   
Teri McClure
/S/    TERI MCCLURE        
S/    TERI MCCLURE        
 Date:January 24, 201828, 2019
Stuart Miller/S/    STUART MILLER       
Date:January 28, 2019
   
Armando Olivera/S/    ARMANDO OLIVERA        
 Date:January 24, 2018
Donna Shalala
/S/    DONNA SHALALA
Date:January 24, 201828, 2019
   
Jeffrey Sonnenfeld
/S/    JEFFREY SONNENFELD        
S/    JEFFREY SONNENFELD        
 Date:January 24, 201828, 2019
Scott Stowell/S/    SCOTT STOWELL        
Date:January 28, 2019

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Lennar Corporation
Opinion on the Financial Statement Schedule
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Lennar Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of November 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, and for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2017,2018, and the Company’sCompany's internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2017,2018, and have issued our reports thereon dated January 24, 2018;28, 2019; such consolidated financial statements and reports are included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Our audits also included the consolidated financial statement schedule of the Company listed in the Index at Item 15. This consolidated financial statement schedule is the responsibility of the Company’sCompany's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statement schedule based on our audits. In our opinion, such consolidated financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.


/s/ DELOITTEDeloitte & TOUCHETouche LLP
 
Certified Public Accountants
 
Miami, Florida
January 24, 201828, 2019



LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Years Ended November 30, 20172018, 20162017 and 20152016
   Additions    
(In thousands)
Beginning
balance
 Charged to costs and expenses Charged (credited) to other accounts Deductions 
Ending
balance
Year ended November 30, 2018         
Allowances deducted from assets to which they apply:         
Allowances for doubtful accounts and notes and other receivables$2,849
 246
 (156) (146) 2,793
Allowance for loan losses and loans receivable$3,192
 2,177
 3,890
 (3,105) 6,154
Allowance against net deferred tax assets$6,423
 796
 
 
 7,219
Year ended November 30, 2017         
Allowances deducted from assets to which they apply:         
Allowances for doubtful accounts and notes and other receivables$328
 260
 2,463
 (202) 2,849
Allowance for loan losses and loans receivable$33,575
 32,850
 (1) (63,232) 3,192
Allowance against net deferred tax assets$5,773
 650
 
 
 6,423
Year ended November 30, 2016         
Allowances deducted from assets to which they apply:         
Allowances for doubtful accounts and notes and other receivables$768
 125
 (88) (477) 328
Allowance for loan losses and loans receivable$39,486
 18,818
 
 (24,729) 33,575
Allowance against net deferred tax assets$5,945
 
 
 (172) 5,773

   Additions    
(In thousands)
Beginning
balance
 Charged to costs and expenses Charged (credited) to other accounts Deductions 
Ending
balance
Year ended November 30, 2017         
Allowances deducted from assets to which they apply:         
Allowances for doubtful accounts and notes and other receivables$328
 260
 2,463
 (202) 2,849
Allowance for loan losses and loans receivable$33,575
 32,850
 (1) (63,232) 3,192
Allowance against net deferred tax assets$5,773
 650
 
 
 6,423
Year ended November 30, 2016         
Allowances deducted from assets to which they apply:         
Allowances for doubtful accounts and notes and other receivables$768
 125
 (88) (477) 328
Allowance for loan losses and loans receivable$39,486
 18,818
 
 (24,729) 33,575
Allowance against net deferred tax assets$5,945
 
 
 (172) 5,773
Year ended November 30, 2015         
Allowances deducted from assets to which they apply:         
Allowances for doubtful accounts and notes and other receivables$3,257
 370
 (2,528) (331) 768
Allowance for loan losses and loans receivable$62,104
 11,465
 
 (34,083) 39,486
Allowance against net deferred tax assets$8,029
 
 
 (2,084) 5,945


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