boeingblacksmall300a03.jpg
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 20162017
or
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                      
Commission file number 1-442
 THE BOEING COMPANY 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 91-0425694
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
   
100 N. Riverside Plaza, Chicago, IL 60606-1596
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
 (312) 544-2000 
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” andfiler,” “smaller reporting company”company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer  ý Accelerated filer¨
Non-accelerated filer¨(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Smaller reporting company  ¨
Emerging growth company¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No ý
As of October 19, 2016,18, 2017, there were 617,165,902595,578,523 shares of common stock, $5.00 par value, issued and outstanding.

1


THE BOEING COMPANY
FORM 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended September 30, 20162017
INDEX
Part I. Financial Information (Unaudited)Page
   
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
Item 2.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Item 3.
   
Item 4.
   
Part II. Other Information 
   
Item 1.
   
Item 1A.
   
Item 2.
   
Item 3.
   
Item 4.
   
Item 5.
   
Item 6.
   


Table of Contents

Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
The Boeing Company and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
2016
 2015
 2016

2015
2017
 2016
 2017

2016
Sales of products
$63,563
 
$64,408
 
$21,494


$23,000

$60,484
 
$63,563
 
$21,825


$21,494
Sales of services7,722
 8,133
 2,404

2,849
7,540
 7,722
 2,484

2,404
Total revenues71,285
 72,541
 23,898

25,849
68,024
 71,285
 24,309

23,898


 

    

 

    
Cost of products(55,117) (55,020) (17,907)
(19,393)(49,856) (55,117) (18,050)
(17,907)
Cost of services(6,163) (6,377) (1,983)
(2,191)(5,730) (6,163) (1,910)
(1,983)
Boeing Capital interest expense(46) (49) (14)
(16)(53) (46) (27)
(14)
Total costs and expenses(61,326) (61,446) (19,904)
(21,600)(55,639) (61,326) (19,987)
(19,904)
9,959
 11,095
 3,994

4,249
12,385
 9,959
 4,322

3,994
Income from operating investments, net220
 207
 69

78
169
 220
 49

69
General and administrative expense(2,617) (2,594) (923)
(889)(2,888) (2,617) (915)
(923)
Research and development expense, net(3,901) (2,426) (857)
(857)(2,418) (3,901) (767)
(857)
Loss on dispositions, net(10) 

 (1) (1)

 (10) 

 (1)
Earnings from operations3,651
 6,282
 2,282

2,580
7,248
 3,651
 2,689

2,282
Other income/(loss), net41
 (23) 2

(26)
Other income, net94
 41
 45

2
Interest and debt expense(227) (203) (81)
(67)(267) (227) (87)
(81)
Earnings before income taxes3,465
 6,056
 2,203

2,487
7,075
 3,465
 2,647

2,203
Income tax (expense)/benefit(201) (1,906) 76

(783)(2,010) (201) (794)
76
Net earnings
$3,264


$4,150
 
$2,279


$1,704

$5,065


$3,264
 
$1,853


$2,279
              
Basic earnings per share
$5.09
 
$5.99
 
$3.64


$2.50

$8.37
 
$5.09
 
$3.10


$3.64
              
Diluted earnings per share
$5.04
 
$5.92
 
$3.60


$2.47

$8.27
 
$5.04
 
$3.06


$3.60
              
Cash dividends paid per share
$3.27
 
$2.73
 
$1.09


$0.91

$4.26
 
$3.27
 
$1.42


$1.09
              
Weighted average diluted shares (millions)647.9
 700.9
 632.7

689.0
612.8
 647.9
 606.3

632.7
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

1

Table of Contents

The Boeing Company and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
 2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
Net earnings
$3,264
 
$4,150
 
$2,279
 
$1,704
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:       
Currency translation adjustments(3) (79) (10) (35)
Unrealized gain on certain investments, net of tax of ($1), ($5), ($2), and ($2)1
 5
 2
 1
Unrealized gain/(loss) on derivative instruments:       
Unrealized gain/(loss) arising during period, net of tax of ($30), $78, ($7), and $4154
 (139) 13
 (73)
Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net earnings, net of tax of ($32), ($28), ($8), and ($12)58
 52
 15
 24
Total unrealized gain/(loss) on derivative instruments, net of tax112
 (87) 28
 (49)
Defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefits:       
Amortization of prior service (benefit)/cost included in net periodic pension cost, net of tax of $23, ($16), $8, and ($5)(42) 29
 (15) 10
Net actuarial (loss)/gain arising during the period, net of tax of $215, ($2), $0, and $15(388) 4
 (1) (27)
Amortization of actuarial losses included in net periodic pension cost, net of tax of ($217), ($425), ($72), and ($143)392
 765
 131
 257
Settlements and curtailments included in net income, net of tax of ($7), ($2), $0, and $014
 3
 
 
Pension and postretirement cost related to our equity method investments, net of tax of ($2), $0, ($1), and $04
 
 2
 
Total defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefits, net of tax(20) 801
 117
 240
Other comprehensive income, net of tax90
 640
 137
 157
Comprehensive loss related to noncontrolling interests(1) (2) (1) (1)
Comprehensive income, net of tax
$3,353
 
$4,788
 
$2,415
 
$1,860
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Net earnings
$5,065
 
$3,264
 
$1,853
 
$2,279
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:       
Currency translation adjustments121
 (3) 44
 (10)
Unrealized gain on certain investments, net of tax of $0, ($1), $0, and ($2)
 1
 
 2
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments:       
Unrealized gain arising during period, net of tax of ($61), ($30), ($22), and ($7)111
 54
 40
 13
Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net earnings, net of tax of ($24), ($32), ($5), and ($8)44
 58
 10
 15
Total unrealized gain on derivative instruments, net of tax155
 112
 50
 28
Defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefits:       
Amortization of prior service credits included in net periodic pension cost, net of tax of $47, $23, $16, and $8(84) (42) (27) (15)
Net actuarial gain/(loss) arising during the period, net of tax of ($1), $215, $0, and $03
 (388) 
 (1)
Amortization of actuarial losses included in net periodic pension cost, net of tax of ($217), ($217), ($72), and ($72)394
 392
 131
 131
Settlements and curtailments included in net income, net of tax of $0, ($7), $0, and $0
 14
 
 
Pension and postretirement (cost)/benefit related to our equity method investments, net of tax of $1, ($2), $0, and ($1)(2) 4
 
 2
Total defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefits, net of tax311
 (20) 104
 117
Other comprehensive income, net of tax587
 90
 198
 137
Comprehensive loss related to noncontrolling interests(1) (1) 
 (1)
Comprehensive income, net of tax
$5,651
 
$3,353
 
$2,051
 
$2,415
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

2

Table of Contents

The Boeing Company and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

September 30
2017

 December 31
2016

Assets      
Cash and cash equivalents
$8,986
 
$11,302

$8,569
 
$8,801
Short-term and other investments682
 750
1,463
 1,228
Accounts receivable, net9,524
 8,713
10,644
 8,832
Current portion of customer financing, net365
 212
435
 428
Inventories, net of advances and progress billings42,680
 47,257
43,031
 43,199
Total current assets62,237
 68,234
64,142
 62,488
Customer financing, net3,401
 3,358
3,039
 3,773
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $16,752 and $16,28612,713
 12,076
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $17,401 and $16,88312,712
 12,807
Goodwill5,128
 5,126
5,344
 5,324
Acquired intangible assets, net2,488
 2,657
2,523
 2,540
Deferred income taxes265
 265
298
 332
Investments1,303
 1,284
1,270
 1,317
Other assets, net of accumulated amortization of $470 and $4511,415
 1,408
Other assets, net of accumulated amortization of $509 and $4971,679
 1,416
Total assets
$88,950
 
$94,408

$91,007
 
$89,997
Liabilities and equity      
Accounts payable
$11,968
 
$10,800

$12,718
 
$11,190
Accrued liabilities13,243
 14,014
14,008
 14,691
Advances and billings in excess of related costs22,646
 24,364
26,695
 23,869
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt632
 1,234
988
 384
Total current liabilities48,489
 50,412
54,409
 50,134
Deferred income taxes2,211
 2,392
2,884
 1,338
Accrued retiree health care6,544
 6,616
5,826
 5,916
Accrued pension plan liability, net18,003
 17,783
15,514
 19,943
Other long-term liabilities1,729
 2,078
1,449
 2,221
Long-term debt9,824
 8,730
9,780
 9,568
Shareholders’ equity:      
Common stock, par value $5.00 – 1,200,000,000 shares authorized; 1,012,261,159 shares issued5,061
 5,061
5,061
 5,061
Additional paid-in capital4,808
 4,834
6,754
 4,762
Treasury stock, at cost - 393,301,648 and 345,637,354 shares(35,763) (29,568)
Treasury stock, at cost - 414,910,219 and 395,109,568 shares(41,745) (36,097)
Retained earnings40,641
 38,756
44,052
 40,714
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(12,658) (12,748)(13,036) (13,623)
Total shareholders’ equity2,089
 6,335
1,086
 817
Noncontrolling interests61
 62
59
 60
Total equity2,150
 6,397
1,145
 877
Total liabilities and equity
$88,950
 
$94,408

$91,007
 
$89,997
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

3

Table of Contents

The Boeing Company and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30
2016

2015
2017

2016
Cash flows – operating activities: 
  
 
Net earnings
$3,264


$4,150

$5,065


$3,264
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities: 
  
 
Non-cash items –  
  
 
Share-based plans expense144

141
151

144
Depreciation and amortization1,364

1,349
1,487

1,364
Investment/asset impairment charges, net61

124
75

61
Customer financing valuation benefit(5)
(3)
Customer financing valuation expense/(benefit)4

(5)
Loss on dispositions, net10
 



 10
Other charges and credits, net219

230
190

219
Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements


(139)
Changes in assets and liabilities –  
  
 
Accounts receivable(517)
(1,202)(1,983)
(517)
Inventories, net of advances and progress billings4,334

(2,186)254

4,334
Accounts payable1,366

1,058
778

1,366
Accrued liabilities82

(196)112

82
Advances and billings in excess of related costs(1,717)
270
2,828

(1,717)
Income taxes receivable, payable and deferred(725)
824
1,465

(725)
Other long-term liabilities(67)
40
25

(67)
Pension and other postretirement plans144

1,837
(550)
144
Customer financing, net(195)
45
635

(195)
Other(95)
(98)(96)
(95)
Net cash provided by operating activities7,667

6,244
10,440

7,667
Cash flows – investing activities:      
Property, plant and equipment additions(2,014) (1,827)(1,304) (2,014)
Property, plant and equipment reductions14
 24
30
 14
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

 (23)
Contributions to investments(928) (1,341)(2,847) (928)
Proceeds from investments956
 2,169
2,612
 956
Purchase of distribution rights(131)  
Other8
 33
4
 8
Net cash used by investing activities(1,964) (965)(1,636) (1,964)
Cash flows – financing activities:      
New borrowings1,323
 761
876
 1,323
Debt repayments(836) (864)(83) (836)
Repayments of distribution rights and other asset financing


(24)
Stock options exercised192
 331
291
 192
Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

 139
Employee taxes on certain share-based payment arrangements(83) (93)(118) (83)
Common shares repurchased(6,501) (6,001)(7,500) (6,501)
Dividends paid(2,084) (1,882)(2,575) (2,084)
Other(24) 

Net cash used by financing activities(8,013) (7,609)(9,109) (8,013)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(6) (20)73
 (6)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(2,316) (2,350)(232) (2,316)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year11,302
 11,733
8,801
 11,302
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$8,986
 
$9,383

$8,569
 
$8,986
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

Table of Contents

The Boeing Company and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity
(Unaudited)
Boeing shareholders Boeing shareholders 
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
Common
Stock

Additional
Paid-In
Capital

Treasury Stock
Retained
Earnings

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Non-
controlling
Interests

Total
Common
Stock

Additional
Paid-In
Capital

Treasury Stock
Retained
Earnings

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Non-
controlling
Interests

Total
Balance at January 1, 2015
$5,061

$4,625

($23,298)
$36,180

($13,903)
$125

$8,790
Net earnings 4,150
 (2)4,148
Other comprehensive income, net of tax of ($400) 640
 640
Share-based compensation and related dividend equivalents 154
 (13) 141
Excess tax pools 141
 141
Treasury shares issued for stock options exercised, net (19)350
 331
Treasury shares issued for other share-based plans, net (130)51
 (79)
Common shares repurchased (6,001) (6,001)
Cash dividends declared ($1.82 per share) (1,248) (1,248)
Changes in noncontrolling interests (77)(77)
Balance at September 30, 2015
$5,061

$4,771

($28,898)
$39,069

($13,263)
$46

$6,786
 
Balance at January 1, 2016
$5,061

$4,834

($29,568)
$38,756

($12,748)
$62

$6,397

$5,061

$4,834

($29,568)
$38,756

($12,748)
$62

$6,397
Net earnings 3,264
 (1)3,263
 3,264
 (1)3,263
Other comprehensive income, net of tax of ($51) 90
 90
 90
 90
Share-based compensation and related dividend equivalents 158
 (15) 143
 158
 (15) 143
Treasury shares issued for stock options exercised, net (30)222
 192
 (30)222
 192
Treasury shares issued for other share-based plans, net (154)84
 (70) (154)84
 (70)
Common shares repurchased (6,501) (6,501) (6,501) (6,501)
Cash dividends declared ($2.18 per share) (1,364) (1,364) (1,364) (1,364)
Balance at September 30, 2016
$5,061

$4,808

($35,763)
$40,641

($12,658)
$61

$2,150

$5,061

$4,808

($35,763)
$40,641

($12,658)
$61

$2,150
 
Balance at January 1, 2017
$5,061

$4,762

($36,097)
$40,714

($13,623)
$60

$877
Net earnings 5,065
 (1)5,064
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax of ($255)
 587
 587
Share-based compensation and related dividend equivalents 168
 (18) 150
Treasury shares issued for stock options exercised, net (80)370
 290
Treasury shares issued for other share-based plans, net (178)64
 (114)
Treasury shares contributed to pension plans 2,082
1,418
 3,500
Common shares repurchased (7,500) (7,500)
Cash dividends declared ($2.84 per share) (1,709) (1,709)
Balance at September 30, 2017
$5,061

$6,754

($41,745)
$44,052

($13,036)
$59

$1,145
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

5

Table of Contents

The Boeing Company and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Summary of Business Segment Data
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Revenues:    


       
Commercial Airplanes
$48,828
 
$49,950
 
$16,973


$17,692

$41,263
 
$43,630
 
$14,982


$15,200
Defense, Space & Security:    


Boeing Military Aircraft9,898
 10,237
 3,260

4,037
Network & Space Systems5,246
 5,797
 1,701

2,127
Global Services & Support7,494
 6,569
 2,547

2,186
Total Defense, Space & Security22,638
 22,603
 7,508

8,350
Defense, Space & Security15,520
 17,281
 5,470

5,751
Global Services10,638
 10,508
 3,568

3,506
Boeing Capital211
 315
 63

114
234
 211
 70

63
Unallocated items, eliminations and other(392) (327) (646) (307)369
 (345) 219
 (622)
Total revenues
$71,285
 
$72,541
 
$23,898


$25,849

$68,024
 
$71,285
 
$24,309


$23,898
Earnings from operations:    


    


Commercial Airplanes
$1,657
 
$4,591
 
$1,597


$1,768

$3,648
 
$804
 
$1,483


$1,293
Defense, Space & Security:    


Boeing Military Aircraft943
 874
 434

494
Network & Space Systems336
 563
 35

245
Global Services & Support920
 874
 315

283
Total Defense, Space & Security2,199
 2,311
 784

1,022
Defense, Space & Security1,670
 1,443
 559

564
Global Services1,639
 1,609
 506

524
Boeing Capital36
 41
 13

10
87
 36
 23

13
Segment operating profit/(loss)3,892
 6,943
 2,394
 2,800
Segment operating profit7,044
 3,892
 2,571
 2,394
Unallocated items, eliminations and other(241) (661) (112) (220)204
 (241) 118
 (112)
Earnings from operations3,651
 6,282
 2,282

2,580
7,248
 3,651
 2,689

2,282
Other income/(loss), net41
 (23) 2

(26)
Other income, net94
 41
 45

2
Interest and debt expense(227) (203) (81)
(67)(267) (227) (87)
(81)
Earnings before income taxes3,465
 6,056
 2,203

2,487
7,075
 3,465
 2,647

2,203
Income tax (expense)/benefit(201) (1,906) 76

(783)(2,010) (201) (794)
76
Net earnings
$3,264
 
$4,150
 
$2,279


$1,704

$5,065
 
$3,264
 
$1,853


$2,279
This information is an integral part of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 17 for further segment results.

6

Table of Contents

The Boeing Company and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Note 1 – Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated interim financial statements included in this report have been prepared by management of The Boeing Company (herein referred to as “Boeing”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair presentation are reflected in the interim financial statements. The results of operations for the period ended September 30, 20162017 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year. The interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements, including the notes thereto, included in our 20152016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain amountsAs described in Note 17, effective July 1, 2017, we now operate in four reportable segments: Commercial Airplanes (BCA); Defense, Space & Security (BDS), Global Services (BGS) and Boeing Capital (BCC). Amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period's presentation.
Standards Issued and Not Yet Implemented
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016 - 02,2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The new standard is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. The standard will require lessees to report most leases as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet, while lessor accounting will remain substantially unchanged. The standard requires a modified retrospective transition approach for existing leases, whereby the new rules will be applied to the earliest year presented. We do not expect the new lease standard to have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In May 2014, the FASB issuedWe plan to adopt ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The new standard was originally effective for reportingJanuary 1, 2018 and apply it retrospectively to all periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and early adoption was not permitted. On August 12, 2015, the FASB approved a one year delay of the effective date to reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, while permitting companies to voluntarily adopt the new standard as of the original effective date. Thepresented. This comprehensive new standard will supersede existing revenue recognition guidance and require revenue to be recognized when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Adoption of the new rules could affect the timing ofThe standard also requires expanded disclosures regarding revenue recognition for certain transactions. The guidance permits two implementation approaches, one requiring retrospective applicationand contracts with customers.
We expect adoption of the new standard with restatementwill have a material impact on our income statement and balance sheet. We currently expect that most of our defense contracts at BDS and BGS that currently recognize revenue as deliveries are made or based on the attainment of performance milestones will recognize revenue under the new standard as costs are incurred. Certain military derivative aircraft contracts in our BCA business will also recognize revenue as costs are incurred. The new standard will not change the total amount of revenue recognized on these contracts, only accelerate the timing of when the revenue is recognized. We expect a corresponding acceleration in timing of cost of sales recognition for these contracts resulting in a decrease in Inventories from long-term contracts in progress upon adoption of the new standard.
We do not expect the new standard to affect revenue recognition or the use of program accounting for commercial airplane contracts in our BCA business. We will continue to recognize revenue for these contracts at the point in time when the customer accepts delivery of the airplane.
We have completed a preliminary assessment of the impact of adopting the new standard on previously reported 2016 and prior period results. Because revenue will be recognized under the new standard as costs are incurred for most of our defense and military derivative airplane contracts, approximately $10,000 of revenues and $1,000 of associated earnings will be accelerated into years ending prior to the January 1, 2016 effective date. Therefore, as of January 1, 2016, we expect to record a cumulative adjustment to increase retained earnings by approximately $1,000. We expect consolidated revenues previously reported in 2016 to decrease by approximately $1,000, primarily reflecting $2,000 of lower revenues on several defense contracts that currently recognize revenues as deliveries are made, partially offset by higher KC-46A Tanker revenues. These revenue changes are expected to reduce previously reported segment operating

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earnings by approximately $400. We expect the reduction in 2016 segment operating earnings to be offset by increases in unallocated pension income. We expect adoption will increase total assets and one requiring prospective applicationtotal liabilities by approximately $20,000 primarily due to classifying certain advances from customers as liabilities under the new standard, whereas these advances were netted against inventory under existing Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). We expect the new standard to have no impact on cash flows reported in 2016. The impact of the new standard with disclosureon our 2016 financial results may not be representative of the impact on our financial position and operating results under old standards. The Company plansin subsequent years.
We are continuing to adoptanalyze the impact of the new standard effective January 1, 2018on the Company’s revenue contracts, comparing our current accounting policies and is continuingpractices to evaluate the impactsrequirements of adoption and the implementation approach to be used.
Standards Issued and Implemented
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.new standard. The new standard is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and early adoption is permitted. The standard requires excess tax benefits or deficiencies for share-based payments to be recordedadditional detailed disclosures regarding the company’s contracts with customers, including disclosure of remaining unsatisfied performance obligations, in the period shares vest or settle as income tax expense or benefit, rather than within Additional paid-in capital. Cash flows relatedfirst quarter 2018 which we are continuing to excess tax benefits will be includedassess. We are also identifying and implementing changes to the Company’s business processes, systems and controls to support adoption of the new standard in Net cash provided by operating activities2018 and will no longer be separately classified as a financing activity. The standard also allows us to repurchase more of an employee’s shares for tax withholding purposes and provides an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures as they occur. We have elected to continue to estimate forfeitures and are not planning to change tax withholdings.
The Company prospectively adopted the standard during the three months ended June 30, 2016 effective January 1, 2016. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, this resulted in an increase of $64 to Net earnings and $0.10 to diluted earnings per share and for the three months ended September 30, 2016, an increase of $10 to Net earnings and $0.02 to diluted earnings per share. Adoption also resulted in a $64

increase in Net cash provided by operating activities and a corresponding $64 reduction in Net cash used by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

recasting prior periods’ financial information.
Use of Estimates
Management makes assumptions and estimates to prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.GAAP. Those assumptions and estimates directly affect the amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Significant estimates for which changes in the near term are considered reasonably possible and that may have a material impact on the financial statements are disclosed in these Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Contract accounting is used for development and production activities predominantly by Defense, Space & Security (BDS).BDS and for defense contracts at BGS. Contract accounting involves a judgmental process of estimating total sales and costs for each contract resulting in the development of estimated cost of sales percentages. Changes in estimated revenues, cost of sales and the related effect on operating income are recognized using a cumulative catch-up adjustment which recognizes in the current period the cumulative effect of the changes on current and prior periods based on a contract’s percent complete. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, net unfavorableNet cumulative catch-up adjustments to prior years' earnings, including reach-forward losses, across all contracts decreased Earnings from operations by $656 and $384 and diluted earnings per share by $0.95 and $0.38. For the three months ended September 30, 2016, net unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments to prior years' earnings, including reach-forward losses, across all contracts decreased Earnings from operations by $69 and diluted earnings per share by $0.11. For the three months ended September 30, 2015, net favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments, including reach-forward losses, across all contracts increased Earnings from operations by $210 and diluted earnings per share by $0.21.were as follows:
 Nine months ended September 30��Three months ended September 30
 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Decrease to Earnings from Operations
($39) 
($656) 
($302) 
($69)
Decrease to Diluted EPS
($0.05) 
($0.95) 
($0.35) 
($0.11)
Note 2 – Earnings Per Share
Basic and diluted earnings per share are computed using the two-class method, which is an earnings allocation method that determines earnings per share for common shares and participating securities. The undistributed earnings are allocated between common shares and participating securities as if all earnings had been distributed during the period. Participating securities and common shares have equal rights to undistributed earnings.
Basic earnings per share is calculated by taking net earnings, less earnings available to participating securities, divided by the basic weighted average common shares outstanding.
Diluted earnings per share is calculated by taking net earnings, less earnings available to participating securities, divided by the diluted weighted average common shares outstanding.

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The elements used in the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share were as follows:
(In millions - except per share amounts)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Net earnings
$3,264
 
$4,150
 
$2,279
 
$1,704

$5,065
 
$3,264
 
$1,853
 
$2,279
Less: earnings available to participating securities3
 5
 3
 3
4
 3
 2
 3
Net earnings available to common shareholders
$3,261
 
$4,145
 
$2,276
 
$1,701

$5,061
 
$3,261
 
$1,851
 
$2,276
Basic              
Basic weighted average shares outstanding641.2
 692.9
 625.5
 681.3
605.6
 641.2
 598.3
 625.5
Less: participating securities1.0
 1.1
 0.9
 1.2
0.8
 1.0
 0.7
 0.9
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding640.2
 691.8
 624.6
 680.1
604.8
 640.2
 597.6
 624.6
Diluted              
Basic weighted average shares outstanding641.2
 692.9
 625.5
 681.3
605.6
 641.2
 598.3
 625.5
Dilutive potential common shares(1)
6.7
 8.0
 7.2
 7.7
7.2
 6.7
 8.0
 7.2
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding647.9
 700.9
 632.7
 689.0
612.8
 647.9
 606.3
 632.7
Less: participating securities1.0
 1.1
 0.9
 1.2
0.8
 1.0
 0.7
 0.9
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding646.9
 699.8
 631.8
 687.8
612.0
 646.9
 605.6
 631.8
Net earnings per share:              
Basic
$5.09
 
$5.99
 
$3.64
 
$2.50

$8.37
 
$5.09
 
$3.10
 
$3.64
Diluted5.04
 5.92
 3.60
 2.47
8.27
 5.04
 3.06
 3.60
(1) 
Diluted earnings per share includes any dilutive impact of stock options, restricted stock units, performance-based restricted stock units and performance awards.
The following table includes the number of shares that may be dilutive potential common shares in the future. These shares were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect was either antidilutive or the performance condition was not met.
(Shares in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Performance awards7.0
 5.9
 6.2
 5.9
4.6
 7.0
 3.4
 6.2
Performance-based restricted stock units2.8
 2.3
 3.1
 2.3
0.6
 2.8
 0.1
 3.1
Note 3 – Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rates were 5.8%28.4% and (3.4)%30.0% for the nine and three months ended September 30, 20162017 and 31.5%5.8% and (3.4)% for the same periods in the prior year. The 2016effective tax rate of 30.0% for the third quarter of 2017 is higher than the nine-month rate primarily due to lower discrete tax benefits in the third quarter compared with the first and second quarters of 2017. The 2017 effective tax rates are lowerhigher than the prior year primarily due to $440 of additionaldiscrete tax benefits recorded in the third quarter of 2016 related to the application of a 2012 Federal Court of Claims decision that allowed the tax basis in certain assets to be increased. Also, in the third quarteradjustments of 2016 a tax benefit of $177 was recorded as a result of$440 and the settlement of the 2011-2012 federal tax audit.audit of $177. Additionally, the 2016 effective tax rates include the favorable impact of the permanent reinstatement of the U.S. research2017 year-to-date and development tax credit at the end of 2015.
The total amount of unrecognizedprojected pre-tax earnings are higher compared to prior year. Furthermore, higher share-based compensation tax benefits decreased from $1,617 aswere recognized for the nine and three month periods of December 31, 2015 to $1,378 as2017 compared with the prior year.

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Table of September 30, 2016 primarily due to the tax basis adjustment and settlement of the 2011-2012 federal tax audit, as discussed above.Contents

Federal income tax audits have been settled for all years prior to 2013. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) will beginis currently examining the 2013-2014 federal tax audit in the fourth quarter of 2016.years. We are also subject to examination in major state and international jurisdictions for the 2001-20152001-2016 tax years. We believe appropriate provisions for all outstanding tax issues have been made for all jurisdictions and all open years.
Note 4 – Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following:
September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

September 30
2017

 December 31
2016

Long-term contracts in progress
$12,459
 
$13,858

$13,608
 
$12,801
Commercial aircraft programs53,113
 55,230
52,871
 52,048
Commercial spare parts, used aircraft, general stock materials and other5,521
 6,673
6,068
 5,446
Inventory before advances and progress billings71,093
 75,761
72,547
 70,295
Less advances and progress billings(28,413) (28,504)(29,516) (27,096)
Total
$42,680
 
$47,257

$43,031
 
$43,199
Long-Term Contracts in Progress
Long-term contracts in progress includes Delta launch program inventory that is being sold at cost to United Launch Alliance (ULA) under an inventory supply agreement that terminates on March 31, 2021. The inventory balance was $120 (net of advances of $253$187 and $310)$220) at September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015.2016. See indemnifications to ULA in Note 9.
Included in inventories are capitalized precontract costs of $650$847 and $732$729 primarily related to KC-46A Tanker and C-17 at September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015.2016.
Commercial Aircraft Programs
At September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015,2016, commercial aircraft programs inventory included the following amounts related to the 787 program: $33,423$31,664 and $34,656$32,501 of work in process (including deferred production costs of $27,523$25,948 and $28,510)$27,308), $2,345$2,745 and $2,551$2,398 of supplier advances, and $3,691$3,334 and $3,890$3,625 of unamortized tooling and other non-recurring costs. At September 30, 2016, $22,5212017, $22,584 of 787 deferred production costs, unamortized tooling and other non-recurring costs are expected to be recovered from units included in the program accounting quantity that have firm orders and $8,693$6,698 is expected to be recovered from units included in the program accounting quantity that represent expected future orders.
We produced the fourth and fifth flight test aircraft for the 787 program in 2009 but were unable to sell them at acceptable prices. The aircraft had been used extensively for flight and ground testing and we intended to begin to refurbish the aircraft in early 2017 for commercial sale based on sales activity and market interest. However, during the second quarter of 2016 we determined that firm orders for these aircraft prior to refurbishment were now unlikely, and that the Company would not invest company funds for their refurbishment. The Company also determined the costs to refurbish the aircraft at a future date would be prohibitively expensive. We therefore determined that the aircraft are not commercially saleable, and accordingly, costs of $1,235 associated with these aircraft were reclassified from 787 program inventory to research and development expense. The reclassification also impacted 787 deferred production costs, reducing the balance by $1,011 at June 30, 2016.

At September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015,2016, commercial aircraft programs inventory included the following amounts$173 and $284 of unamortized tooling costs related to the 747 program: $0 and $942 of deferred production costs, net of reach-forward losses, and $298 and $377 of unamortized tooling costs.program. At September 30, 2016, $992017, $163 of unamortized tooling costs are expected to be recovered from units included in the program accounting quantity that have firm orders and $199$10 is expected to be recovered from units included in the program accounting quantity that represent expected future orders. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, work in process inventory included a number of2017, the program accounting quantity has 18 undelivered aircraft, including one already completed 747 aircraft that we expect to recover from future orders.has not been sold and is being remarketed.
Commercial aircraft programs inventory included amounts credited in cash or other consideration (early issue sales consideration) to airline customers totaling $3,257$2,951 and $3,166$3,117 at September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015.2016.
Used aircraft in inventories at Commercial Airplanes totaled $224 and $267 at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.
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Note 5 – Customer Financing
Customer financing primarily relates to the Boeing Capital (BCC) segment and consisted of the following:
September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

September 30
2017

 December 31
2016

Financing receivables:      
Investment in sales-type/finance leases
$1,473
 
$1,620

$1,400
 
$1,482
Notes417
 256
762
 807
Total financing receivables1,890
 1,876
2,162
 2,289
Operating lease equipment, at cost, less accumulated depreciation of $229 and $3381,887
 1,710
Operating lease equipment, at cost, less accumulated depreciation of $361 and $3591,327
 1,922
Gross customer financing3,777
 3,586
3,489
 4,211
Less allowance for losses on receivables(11) (16)(14) (10)
Total
$3,766
 
$3,570

$3,475
 
$4,201
We determine a receivable is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect amounts due according to the original contractual terms. At September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 20152016, we individually evaluated for impairment customer financing receivables of $61$50 and $86. At September 30, 2016$55, of which $39 and December 31, 2015, $46 and $0 was$44 were determined to be impaired. We recorded no allowance for losses on these impaired receivables as the collateral values exceeded the carrying values of the receivables.
The adequacy of the allowance for losses is assessed quarterly. Three primary factors influencing the level of our allowance for losses on customer financing receivables are customer credit ratings, default rates and collateral values. We assign internal credit ratings for all customers and determine the creditworthiness of each customer based upon publicly available information and information obtained directly from our customers. Our rating categories are comparable to those used by the major credit rating agencies.

Our financing receivable balances by internal credit rating category are shown below: 
Rating categoriesSeptember 30
2016

 December 31
2015

September 30
2017

 December 31
2016

BBB
$898
 
$973

$1,200
 
$1,324
BB476
 536
508
 538
B470
 258
405
 383
CCC46
 23
49
 44
Other

 86
Total carrying value of financing receivables
$1,890
 
$1,876

$2,162
 
$2,289
At September 30, 20162017, our allowance related to receivables with ratings of B, BB and BBB. We applied default rates that averaged 13%16.8%, 9%8.1% and 1%1.0%, respectively, to the exposure associated with those receivables.
Customer Financing Exposure
Customer financing is collateralized by security in the related asset. The value of the collateral is closely tied to commercial airline performance and overall market conditions and may be subject to reduced valuation with market decline. Declines in collateral values could result in asset impairments, reduced finance lease income, and an increase in the allowance for losses. Our customer financing collateral is concentrated in 747-8 and out-of-production aircraft. Generally, out-of-production aircraft have experienced greater collateral value declines than in-production aircraft.

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The majority of customer financing carrying values are concentrated in the following aircraft models:
 September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

717 Aircraft ($353 and $372 accounted for as operating leases)
$1,314
 
$1,415
747-8 Aircraft ($1,094 and $916 accounted for as operating leases)1,120
 916
MD-80 Aircraft (Accounted for as sales-type finance leases)269
 314
757 Aircraft ($44 and $48 accounted for as operating leases)251
 270
767 Aircraft ($90 and $84 accounted for as operating leases)178
 185
747-400 Aircraft (Accounted for as operating leases)170
 122
777 Aircraft (Accounted for as notes)164
 23
737 Aircraft (Accounted for as operating leases)106
 115
 September 30
2017

 December 31
2016

717 Aircraft ($274 and $301 accounted for as operating leases)
$1,114
 
$1,282
747-8 Aircraft ($769 and $1,086 accounted for as operating leases)769
 1,111
MD-80 Aircraft (accounted for as sales-type finance leases)236
 259
757 Aircraft ($39 and $43 accounted for as operating leases)233
 246
747-400 Aircraft ($94 and $149 accounted for as operating leases)178
 149
777 Aircraft ($13 and $0 accounted for as operating leases)166
 165
767 Aircraft ($27 and $85 accounted for as operating leases)103
 170
737 Aircraft ($94 and $103 accounted for as operating leases)99
 103

Note 6 – Investments
Our investments, which are recorded in Short-term and other investments or Investments, consisted of the following:
September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

September 30
2017

 December 31
2016

Equity method investments (1)

$1,226
 
$1,242
Time deposits
$127
 
$456
858
 665
Pledged money market funds (1)
39
 38
Available-for-sale investments541
 244
513
 537
Equity method investments (2)
1,211
 1,230
Restricted cash (3)
27
 31
Restricted cash & cash equivalents(2)
106
 68
Other investments40
 35
30
 33
Total
$1,985
 
$2,034

$2,733
 
$2,545
(1) 
Reflects amounts pledgedDividends received were $195 and $47 for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2017 and $249 and $83 during the same periods in lieu of letters of credit as collateral in support of our workers’ compensation programs. These funds can become available within 30 days notice upon issuance of letters of credit.the prior year.
(2) 
Dividends received were $249Reflects amounts restricted in support of our workers’ compensation programs, employee benefit programs, and $83 for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2016 and $186 and $62 during the same periods in the prior year.
(3)
Restricted to pay certain claims related to workers' compensation and life insurance premiums for certain employees.premiums.
Note 7 – Other Assets
Sea Launch
At September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015,2016, Other assets included $356 of receivables related to our former investment in the Sea Launch venture which became payable by certain Sea Launch partners following Sea Launch’s bankruptcy filing in June 2009. The $356 includes $147 related to a payment made by us under a bank guarantee on behalf of Sea Launch and $209 related to loans (partner loans) we made to Sea Launch. The net amounts owed to Boeing by each of the partners are as follows: S.P. Koroley Rocket and Space Corporation Energia of Russia (RSC Energia) – $223, PO Yuzhnoye Mashinostroitelny Zavod of Ukraine – $89 and KB Yuzhnoye of Ukraine – $44.
Although each partner is contractually obligated to reimburse us for its share of the bank guarantee, the Russian and Ukrainian partners have raised defenses to enforcement and contested our claims. On February 1, 2013, we filed an action in the United States District Court for the Central District of California seeking reimbursement from the other Sea Launch partners of the $147 bank guarantee payment and the $209 partner loan obligations.partners. On May 12, 2016, the court issued a judgment in favor of Boeing relatingBoeing.
In December 2016, we reached an agreement which we believe will enable us to recover the bank guarantee payment andoutstanding receivable balance from RSC Energia over the partner loan obligations. Priornext several years. The agreement was subject to these proceedings, we had filed a Noticecertain contingencies which were resolved during the first quarter of Arbitration with the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce seeking reimbursement from the other partners for a portion of these amounts. On May 16, 2016, the appellate court in Sweden dismissed the Swedish proceedings at our request.
2017. We continue to pursue collection efforts against the former Ukrainian partners in connection with the court judgment and continue to believe the partners have the financial wherewithal to pay and intend to pursue vigorously all of our rights and remedies. In the event we are unable to secure reimbursement of $147 related to our payment underfrom the bank guarantee and $209 related to partner loans made to Sea Launch partners, we could incur additional charges. Our current assessment as to the collectability of these receivables takes into account the current economic conditions in Russia and Ukraine, although we will continue to monitor the situation.


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Spirit AeroSystems
As of September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015,2016, Other assets included $140$143 of receivables related to indemnifications from Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. (Spirit), for costs incurred related to pension and retiree medical obligations of former Boeing employees thatwho were subsequently employed by Spirit. During the fourth quarter of 2014, Boeing filed a complaint against Spirit in the Delaware Superior Court seeking to enforce our rights to indemnification and to recover from Spirit amounts incurred by Boeing for pension and retiree medical obligations. In the second quarter of 2017, the court ruled against Boeing and denied our claim. After a court ruling on legal fees, Boeing plans to appeal to the Delaware Supreme Court and we believe we have substantial arguments on appeal. We expect to fully recover from Spirit.
Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies
Environmental
The following table summarizes environmental remediation activity during the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015.2016.
2016
 2015
2017
 2016
Beginning balance – January 1
$566
 
$601

$562
 
$566
Reductions for payments made(33) (52)(25) (33)
Changes in estimates43
 34
6
 43
Ending balance – September 30
$576
 
$583

$543
 
$576
The liabilities recorded represent our best estimate or the low end of a range of reasonably possible costs expected to be incurred to remediate sites, including operation and maintenance over periods of up to 30 years. It is reasonably possible that we may incur charges that exceed these recorded amounts because of regulatory agency orders and directives, changes in laws and/or regulations, higher than expected costs and/or the discovery of new or additional contamination. As part of our estimating process, we develop a range of reasonably possible alternate scenarios that includes the high end of a range of reasonably possible cost estimates for all remediation sites for which we have sufficient information based on our experience and existing laws and regulations. There are some potential remediation obligations where the costs of remediation cannot be reasonably estimated. At September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 20152016, the high end of the estimated range of reasonably possible remediation costs exceeded our recorded liabilities by $873 and $853.$857.
Product Warranties
The following table summarizes product warranty activity recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015.2016.
2016
 2015
2017
 2016
Beginning balance – January 1
$1,485
 
$1,504

$1,414
 
$1,485
Additions for current year deliveries293
 312
183
 293
Reductions for payments made(258) (262)(193) (258)
Changes in estimates(103) (101)(213) (103)
Ending balance - September 30
$1,417
 
$1,453
Ending balance – September 30
$1,191
 
$1,417
Commercial Aircraft Commitments
In conjunction with signing definitive agreements for the sale of new aircraft (Sale Aircraft), we have entered into trade-in commitments with certain customers that give them the right to trade in used aircraft at a specified price upon the purchase of Sale Aircraft. The probability that trade-in commitments will be exercised is determined by using both quantitative information from valuation sources and qualitative information from

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other sources. The probability of exercise is assessed quarterly, or as events trigger a change, and takes into consideration the current economic and airline industry environments. Trade-in commitments, which

can be terminated by mutual consent with the customer, may be exercised only during the period specified in the agreement, and require advance notice by the customer.
Trade-in commitment agreements at September 30, 20162017 have expiration dates from 20162017 through 2026. At September 30, 20162017, and December 31, 20152016 total contractual trade-in commitments were $1,3851,676 and $1,5851,485. As of September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 20152016, we estimated that it was probable we would be obligated to perform on certain of these commitments with net amounts payable to customers totaling $17094 and $240$126 and the fair value of the related trade-in aircraft was $170$94 and $240126.
Financing Commitments
Financing commitments which include commitments to provide financing related to aircraft on order, under option for deliveries orincluding options and those proposed as part ofin sales campaigns, and refinancing of delivered aircraft, totaled $17,425$13,106 and $16,283$14,847 as of September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015.2016. The estimated earliest potential funding dates for these commitments as of September 30, 20162017 are as follows:
Total
Total
October through December 2016
$567
20173,703
October through December 2017
$305
20183,527
3,439
20194,003
3,437
20202,399
1,862
20211,585
Thereafter3,226
2,478

$17,425

$13,106
As of September 30, 20162017, $15,266all of these financing commitments related to customers we believe have less than investment-grade credit. We have concluded that no reserve for future potential losses is required for these financing commitments based upon the terms, such as collateralization and interest rates, under which funding would be provided.
Standby Letters of Credit and Surety Bonds
We have entered into standby letters of credit and surety bonds with financial institutions primarily relating to the guarantee of our future performance on certain contracts. Contingent liabilities on outstanding letters of credit agreements and surety bonds aggregated approximately $4,3683,656 and $4,9684,701 as of September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 20152016.
Commitments to ULA
We and Lockheed Martin Corporation have each committed to provide ULA with additional capital contributions in the event ULA does not have sufficient funds to make a required payment to us under an inventory supply agreement. As of September 30, 2016,2017, ULA’s total remaining obligation to Boeing under the inventory supply agreement was $120. See Note 4.

F/A-18
At September 30, 2016,2017, our backlog included 2831 F/A-18 aircraft under contract with the U.S. Navy. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016, passedWe have begun work or authorized suppliers to begin working on aircraft beyond those already in December 2015, funds 12 additionalbacklog in anticipation of future orders. At September 30, 2017, we had $94 of capitalized precontract costs and $733 of potential termination liabilities to suppliers associated with F/A-18 aircraft that, combined with the orders in backlog, would complete production in mid-2018. The President’s Fiscal Year 2017 Budget request submitted in February 2016 includes funding for two additional F/A-18 aircraft. In May 2016, both congressional appropriations committees included additional F/A-18s in their proposed FY17 defense funding bills. The Senate bill includes funding for not yet on order.

14 F/A-18s and the House bill includes funding for a total

Table of 16 F/A-18s. On September 28, 2016, the White House approved the proposed sale of up to 40 F/A-18 aircraft to Kuwait subject to the Congressional Notification process. We are continuing to work with our U.S. customers as well as international customers to secure additional orders that would extend the program beyond 2018. Should additional orders not materialize, it is reasonably possible that we will decide to end production of the F/A-18 in 2018. We are still evaluating the full financial impact of a potential production shutdown, including any recovery that may be available from the U.S. government.Contents

United States Government Defense Environment Overview
The enactment of The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 in November 2015 established overall defense spending levelsIn May 2017, the U.S. administration submitted its fiscal year 2018 budget request, which calls for FY2016 and FY2017. However, uncertainty remains with respect to levels of defense spending for FY2018 and beyond including risk of future sequestration cuts.
Significant uncertainty also continues with respect to program-level appropriations forfunding the U.S. Department of Defense (U.S. DoD) and other government agencies, includingbase budget at a level that is $52 billion or 10% above the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, withinspending caps in the overall budgetary framework described above. Future budget cuts, including cuts mandated by sequestration, or future procurement decisions associated with the authorization and appropriations process could result in reductions, cancellations and/or delaysBudget Control Act of existing contracts or programs. Any of these impacts could have a material effect on the results2011 (The Act). In addition, three of the Company's operations, financial position and/four congressional defense oversight committees have endorsed a U.S. DoD budget topline that is higher than the administration’s fiscal year 2018 request. However, The Act, which mandates limits on U.S. government discretionary spending, remains in effect through fiscal year 2021. As a result, continued budget uncertainty and the risk of future sequestration cuts will remain unless The Act is repealed or cash flows.significantly modified by Congress.
OnFunding timeliness also remains a risk. In September 29, 20162017, a continuing resolutionContinuing Resolution was enacted to fund thethat extends U.S. government funding at fiscal year 2017 rates through December 9, 2016. After this date, if8, 2017. If Congress is unable to pass appropriations bills in a timely manner,before the expiration of the current Continuing Resolution, a government shutdown could result which may have impacts above and beyond those resulting from budget cuts, sequestration impacts or program-level appropriations. For example, requirements to furlough employees in the U.S. DoD, the Department of Transportation, or other government agencies could result in payment delays, impair our ability to perform work on existing contracts, and/or negatively impact future orders. Alternatively, Congress may fund the remainder of fiscal year 2018 by passing one or more Continuing Resolutions; however, this could restrict the execution of certain program activities and delay new programs or competitions.
In addition, there continues to be uncertainty with respect to program-level appropriations for the U.S. DoD and other government agencies, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), within the overall budgetary framework described above. Future budget cuts or investment priority changes could result in reductions, cancellations and/or delays of existing contracts or programs. Any of these impacts could have a material effect on the results of the Company’s operations, financial position and/or cash flows.
BDS Fixed-Price Development Contracts
Fixed-price development work is inherently uncertain and subject to significant variability in estimates of the cost and time required to complete the work. BDS fixed-price contracts with significant development work include Commercial Crew, Saudi F-15, USAFU.S. Air Force (USAF) KC-46A Tanker, and commercial and military satellites. The operational and technical complexities of these contracts create financial risk, which could trigger termination provisions, order cancellations or other financially significant exposure. Changes to cost and revenue estimates could result in lower margins or material charges for reach-forward losses. For example, during 2016,the first and third quarters of 2017, we have recorded additional reach-forward losses of $816totalling $471 on the KC-46A Tanker programprogram. Moreover, this and a charge of $162 resulting from a reach-forward loss of $38 on the Commercial Crew Program. Moreover, both of theseour other fixed-price development programs remain subject to additional reach-forward losses if we experience further technical or quality issues, schedule delays, or increased costs. 

KC-46A Tanker
In 2011, we were awarded a contract from the U.S. Air Force (USAF)USAF to design, develop, manufacture and deliver four next generation aerial refueling tankers. This Engineering, Manufacturing and Development (EMD) contract is a fixed-price incentive fee contract valued at $4.9 billion and involves highly complex designs and systems integration. In August 2016, the USAF authorized LRIPlow rate initial production (LRIP) lots for 7 and 12 aircraft valued at $2.8 billion. In January 2017, the USAF authorized an additional LRIP lot for 15 aircraft valued at $2.1 billion. At September 30, 2016,2017, we had approximately $298$320 of capitalized precontract costs and $690$735 of potential termination liabilities to suppliers associated with aircraft we expect USAF to authorize in the future.suppliers.
Recoverable Costs on Government Contracts  
Our final incurred costs for each year are subject to audit and review for allowability by the U.S. government, which can result in payment demands related to costs they believe should be disallowed. We work with the U.S. government to assess the merits of claims and where appropriate reserve for amounts disputed. If we are unable to satisfactorily resolve disputed costs, we could be required to record an earnings charge and/or provide refunds to the U.S. government.

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Russia/Ukraine
We continue to monitor political unrest involving Russia and Ukraine, where we and some of our suppliers source titanium products and/or have operations. A number of our commercial customers also have operations in Russia and Ukraine. To date, we have not experienced any significant disruptions to production or deliveries. Should suppliers or customers experience disruption, our production and/or deliveries could be materially impacted.
747 Program
Lower-than-expected demand for large commercial passenger and freighter aircraft and slower-than-expected growth of global freight traffic have continued to drive market uncertainties, pricing pressures and fewer orders than anticipated. AsWe are currently producing at a result, during the second quarter of 2016, we canceled previous plans to return to a production rate of 1.00.5 aircraft per month beginning in 2019, resulting in a reduction in the program accounting quantity from 1,574 to 1,555 aircraft. This reduction in the program accounting quantity, together with lower anticipated revenues from future sales and higher costs associated with producing fewer airplanes, resulted in a reach-forward loss of $1,188 in the second quarter. We previously recognized reach-forward losses of $885 and $70 during the second half of 2015 and the first quarter of 2016, respectively, related to the prior decision to reduce the production rate to 0.5 per month and lower estimated revenue from future sales due to ongoing pricing and market pressures. We reduced the rate from 1.0 to 0.5 per month in September 2016.month. The adjusted program accounting quantity includes 27 undelivered aircraft currently scheduled to be produced through 2019. We continue to have a number of completed aircraft in inventory as well as unsold production positions and we remain focused on obtaining additional orders and implementing cost-reduction efforts. We are currently evaluating several scenarios, including sales campaigns that may determine how long we continue the 747 program. If we are unable to obtain sufficient orders and/or market, production and other risks cannot be mitigated, we could record additional losses that may be material, andmaterial. Depending on market conditions, it is reasonably possible that we could decide to end production of the 747.
787 Program
The 787 program continues to have near breakeven gross margins. The combination of production challenges, change incorporation on early build aircraft, schedule delays, customer and supplier impacts and changes to price escalation factors has created significant pressure on program profitability. If risks related to this program, including risks associated with productivity improvements, supply chain management, planned production rate increases or introducing and manufacturing the 787-10 derivative as scheduled cannot be mitigated, the program could record a reach-forward loss that may be material.

Note 9 – Arrangements with Off-Balance Sheet Risk
We enter into arrangements with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business, primarily in the form of guarantees.
The following table provides quantitative data regarding our third party guarantees. The maximum potential payments represent a “worst-case scenario,” and do not necessarily reflect amounts that we expect to pay. Estimated proceeds from collateral and recourse represent the anticipated values of assets we could liquidate or receive from other parties to offset our payments under guarantees. The carrying amount of liabilities represents the amount included in Accrued liabilities.
Maximum
Potential Payments
 
Estimated Proceeds from
Collateral/Recourse
 
Carrying Amount of
 Liabilities
Maximum
Potential Payments
 
Estimated Proceeds from
Collateral/Recourse
 
Carrying Amount of
 Liabilities
September 30
2016

December 31
2015

 September 30
2016

December 31
2015

 September 30
2016

December 31
2015

September 30
2017

December 31
2016

 September 30
2017

December 31
2016

 September 30
2017

December 31
2016

Contingent repurchase commitments
$1,556

$1,529
 
$1,544

$1,510
 
$9

$7

$1,393

$1,306
 
$1,393

$1,306
 
$11

$9
Indemnifications to ULA:          
Contributed Delta program launch inventory82
107
    72
77
    
Contract pricing261
261
   7
7
261
261
   7
7
Other Delta contracts216
231
   5
5
191
216
   

5
Credit guarantees29
30
 27
27
 2
2
111
29
 64
27
 7
2
Contingent Repurchase Commitments The repurchase price specified in contingent repurchase commitments is generally lower than the expected fair value at the specified repurchase date. Estimated proceeds from collateral/recourse in the table above represent the lower of the contracted repurchase price or the expected fair value of each aircraft at the specified repurchase date.
Indemnifications to ULA In 2006, we agreed to indemnify ULA through December 31, 2020 against potential non-recoverability and non-allowability of $1,360 of Boeing Delta launch program inventory included in contributed assets plus $1,860 of inventory subject to an inventory supply agreement which ends on March 31, 2021. Since inception, ULA has consumed $1,278$1,288 of the $1,360 of inventory that was contributed by us and has yet to consume $82.$72. Under the inventory supply agreement, we have recorded revenues and cost of sales of $1,436$1,505 through September 30, 2016.2017. ULA has made payments of $1,740 to us under the inventory supply agreement and we have made $63$48 of net indemnification payments to ULA.

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We agreed to indemnify ULA against potential losses that ULA may incur in the event ULA is unable to obtain certain additional contract pricing from the USAF for four satellite missions. In 2009, ULA filed a complaint before the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals (ASBCA) for a contract adjustment for the price of two of these missions, followed in 2011 by a subsequent notice of appeal with respect to a third mission. The USAF did not exercise an option for a fourth mission prior to the expiration of the contract. During the second quarter of 2016, the ASBCA ruled that ULA is entitled to additional contract pricing for each of the three missions and remanded to the parties to negotiate appropriate pricing. However, ifDuring the fourth quarter of 2016, the USAF appealsappealed the ASBCA's ruling, andruling. In April 2017, the USAF withdrew its appeal. If ULA is ultimately unsuccessful in obtaining additional pricing, we may be responsible for an indemnification payment up to $261 and may record up to $277 in pre-tax losses associated with the three missions.

Potential payments for Other Delta contracts include $85 related to deferred support costs and $91 related to deferred production costs. In June 2011, the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) notified ULA that it had determined that $271 of deferred support costs are not recoverable under government contracts. In December 2011, the DCMA notified ULA of the potential non-recoverability of an additional $114 of deferred production costs. ULA and Boeing believe that all costs are recoverable and in November 2011, ULA filed a certified claim with the USAF for collection of deferred support and production costs. The USAF issued a final decision denying ULA’s certified claim in May 2012. On June 14, 2012, Boeing and ULA filed a suit in the Court of Federal Claims seeking recovery of the deferred support and production costs from the U.S. government. On November 9, 2012, the U.S. government filed an answer to our claim and asserted a counterclaim for credits that it alleges were offset by deferred support cost invoices. We believe that the U.S. government’s counterclaim is without merit, and have filed an answer challenging it on multiple grounds. The litigation is in the discovery phase, and the Court has not yet set a trial date. If, contrary to our belief, it is determined that some or all of the deferred support or production costs are not recoverable, we could be required to record pre-tax losses and make indemnification payments to ULA for up to $317 of the costs questioned by the DCMA.
Other Indemnifications In conjunction with our sales of Electron Dynamic Devices, Inc. and Rocketdyne Propulsion and Power businesses and our Commercial AirplanesBCA facilities in Wichita, Kansas and Tulsa and McAlester, Oklahoma, we agreed to indemnify, for an indefinite period, the buyers for costs relating to pre-closing environmental conditions and certain other items. We are unable to assess the potential number of future claims that may be asserted under these indemnifications, nor the amounts thereof (if any). As a result, we cannot estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments under these indemnities and therefore, no liability has been recorded. To the extent that claims have been made under these indemnities and/or are probable and reasonably estimable, liabilities associated with these indemnities are included in the environmental liability disclosure in Note 8.
Credit Guarantees We have issued credit guarantees principally to facilitate the sale and/or financing of commercial aircraft. Under these arrangements,where we are obligated to make payments to a guaranteed party in the event that lease or loan payments are not made by the original lessee or debtor does not make payments or perform certain specified services are not performed. A substantial portion ofservices. Generally, these guarantees hashave been extended on behalf of original lessees or debtorsguaranteed parties with less than investment-grade credit. Our commercial aircraft credit guaranteesand are collateralized by the underlying commercial aircraft and certain other assets. Current outstanding credit guarantees expire within the next four years.through 2036.
Note 10 – Debt
On May 18, 2016,February 16, 2017, we issued $1,200$900 of fixed rate senior notes consisting of $400$300 due June 15, 2023March 1, 2022 that bear an annual interest rate of 1.875%2.125%, $400$300 due June 15, 2026March 1, 2027 that bear an annual interest rate of 2.25%2.8%, and $400$300 due June 15, 2046March 1, 2047 that bear an annual interest rate of 3.375%3.65%. The notes are unsecured senior obligations and rank equally in right of payment with our existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. The net proceeds of the issuance totaled $1,170,$871, after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses.

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Note 11 – Postretirement Plans
The components of net periodic benefit cost were as follows:
Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
Pension Plans2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Service cost
$488
 
$1,325
 
$162
 
$441

$301
 
$488
 
$100
 
$162
Interest cost2,287
 2,242
 761
 748
2,243
 2,287
 747
 761
Expected return on plan assets(2,998) (3,024) (1,000) (1,008)(2,883) (2,998) (961) (1,000)
Amortization of prior service costs29
 147
 9
 49
Amortization of prior service (credits)/costs(29) 29
 (9) 9
Recognized net actuarial loss592
 1,184
 198
 392
603
 592
 201
 198
Settlement/curtailment/other losses39
 194
 6
 83
1
 39
 

 6
Net periodic benefit cost
$437
 
$2,068
 
$136
 
$705

$236
 
$437
 
$78
 
$136
Net periodic benefit cost included in Earnings from operations
$1,545
 
$1,837
 
$453
 
$529

$534
 
$1,545
 
$100
 
$453
Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
Other Postretirement Benefits2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Service cost
$96
 
$105
 
$32
 
$35

$80
 
$96
 
$27
 
$32
Interest cost196
 186
 66
 62
171
 196
 57
 66
Expected return on plan assets(6) (6) (2) (2)(5) (6) (1) (2)
Amortization of prior service credits(94) (102) (32) (34)(102) (94) (34) (32)
Recognized net actuarial loss17
 23
 5
 8
8
 17
 2
 5
Settlement and curtailment loss

 9
 
 4
Net periodic benefit cost
$209
 
$215
 
$69
 
$73

$152
 
$209
 
$51
 
$69
Net periodic benefit cost included in Earnings from operations
$213
 
$226
 
$63
 
$65

$201
 
$213
 
$58
 
$63
Required pension contributions under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, as well as rules governing funding of our non-US pension plans, are minimal in 2017. During the third quarter of 2017, we contributed $500 in cash and $3,500in shares of our common stock. These contributions exceed our previously announced plan to contribute approximately $500 to our pension plans in 2017.
Note 12 – Share-Based Compensation and Other Compensation Arrangements
Restricted Stock Units
On February 22, 2016,27, 2017, we granted to our executives 777,837523,835 restricted stock units (RSUs) as part of our long-term incentive program with a grant date fair value of $117.50$178.72 per unit. The RSUs granted under this program will vest and settle in common stock (on a one-for-one basis) on the third anniversary of the grant date.
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units
On February 22, 2016,27, 2017, we granted to our executives 721,176492,273 performance-based restricted stock units (PBRSUs) as part of our long-term incentive program with a grant date fair value of $126.74$190.17 per unit. Compensation expense for the award is recognized over the three-year performance period based upon the grant date fair value estimated using a Monte-Carlo simulation model. The model used the following assumptions: expected volatility of 22.44%21.37% based upon historical stock volatility, a risk-free interest rate of 0.92%1.46%, and no expected dividend yield because the units earn dividend equivalents.

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Performance Awards
On February 22, 2016,27, 2017, we granted to our executives performance awards as part of our long-term incentive program with a payout based on the achievement of financial goals for the three-year period ending December 31, 2018.2019. At September 30, 20162017, the minimum payout amount is $0 and the maximum amount we could be required to pay out is $344.$353.
Note 13 – Shareholders' Equity
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Changes in Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)loss (AOCI) by component for the nine and three months ended September 30, 20162017 and 20152016 were as follows:
 Currency Translation Adjustments
 Unrealized Gains and Losses on Certain Investments
 Unrealized Gains and Losses on Derivative Instruments
 Defined Benefit Pension Plans & Other Postretirement Benefits
 
Total (1)

Balance at January 1, 2015
$53
 
($8) 
($136) 
($13,812) 
($13,903)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications(79) 5
 (139) 4
 (209)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
 52
 797
(2) 
849
Net current period Other comprehensive income/(loss)(79) 5
 (87) 801
 640
Balance at September 30, 2015
($26) 
($3) 
($223) 
($13,011) 
($13,263)
          
Balance at January 1, 2016
($39) 
 
($197) 
($12,512) 
($12,748)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications(3) 1
 54
 (384) (332)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
 58
 364
(2) 
422
Net current period Other comprehensive income/(loss)(3) 1
 112
 (20) 90
Balance at September 30, 2016
($42) 
$1
 
($85) 
($12,532) 
($12,658)
          
Balance at June 30, 2015
$9
 
($4) 
($174) 
($13,251) 
($13,420)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications(35) 1
 (73) (27) (134)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
 24
 267
(2) 
291
Net current period Other comprehensive income(35) 1
 (49) 240
 157
Balance at September 30, 2015
($26) 
($3) 
($223) 
($13,011) 
($13,263)
          
Balance at June 30, 2016
($32) 
($1) 
($113) 
($12,649) 
($12,795)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications(10) 2
 13
 1
 6
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
 15
 116
(2) 
131
Net current period Other comprehensive income/(loss)(10) 2
 28
 117
 137
Balance at September 30, 2016
($42) 
$1
 
($85) 
($12,532) 
($12,658)
 Currency Translation Adjustments
 Unrealized Gains and Losses on Certain Investments
 Unrealized Gains and Losses on Derivative Instruments
 Defined Benefit Pension Plans & Other Postretirement Benefits
 
Total (1)

Balance at January 1, 2016
($39) 
 
($197) 
($12,512) 
($12,748)
Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassifications(3) 1
 54
 (384) (332)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
 58
 364
(2) 
422
Net current period Other comprehensive (loss)/income(3) 1
 112
 (20) 90
Balance at September 30, 2016
($42) 
$1
 
($85) 
($12,532) 
($12,658)
          
Balance at January 1, 2017
($143) 
($2) 
($127) 
($13,351) 
($13,623)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications121
 
 111
 1
 233
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
 44
 310
(2) 
354
Net current period Other comprehensive income121
 
 155
 311
 587
Balance at September 30, 2017
($22) 
($2) 
$28
 
($13,040) 
($13,036)
          
Balance at June 30, 2016
($32) 
($1) 
($113) 
($12,649) 
($12,795)
Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassifications(10) 2
 13
 1
 6
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
 15
 116
(2) 
131
Net current period Other comprehensive (loss)/income(10) 2
 28
 117
 137
Balance at September 30, 2016
($42) 
$1
 
($85) 
($12,532) 
($12,658)
          
Balance at June 30, 2017
($66) 
($2) 
($22) 
($13,144) 
($13,234)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications44
 
 40
 
 84
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
 10
 104
(2) 
114
Net current period Other comprehensive income44
 
 50
 104
 198
Balance at September 30, 2017
($22) 
($2) 
$28
 
($13,040) 
($13,036)
(1)     Net of tax.
(2) 
Primarily relates to amortization of actuarial losses for the nine months and three months ended September 30, 2015 totaling $768 and $257 (net of tax of ($427) and ($143)) and for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2016 totaling $392 and $131(net (net of tax of ($217) and ($72)) and for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2017 totaling $394 and $131 (net of tax of ($217) and ($72)). These are included in the net periodic pension cost of which a portion is allocated to production as inventoried costs. See Note 11.

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Note 14 – Derivative Financial Instruments
Cash Flow Hedges
Our cash flow hedges include foreign currency forward contracts and commodity purchase contracts. We use foreign currency forward contracts to manage currency risk associated with certain transactions, specifically forecasted sales and purchases made in foreign currencies. Our foreign currency contracts hedge forecasted transactions through 2021.2024. We use commodity derivatives, such as fixed-price purchase commitments to hedge against potentially unfavorable price changes for items used in production. Our commodity contracts hedge forecasted transactions through 2020.
Fair Value Hedges
Interest rate swaps under which we agree to pay variable rates of interest are designated as fair value hedges of fixed-rate debt. The net change in fair value of the derivatives and the hedged items is reported in Boeing Capital interest expense.
Derivative Instruments Not Receiving Hedge Accounting Treatment
We have entered into agreements to purchase and sell aluminum to address long-term strategic sourcing objectives and international business requirements. These agreements are derivative instruments for accounting purposes. The quantities of aluminum in these agreements offset and are priced at prevailing market prices. We also hold certain foreign currency forward contracts which do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment.
Notional Amounts and Fair Values
The notional amounts and fair values of derivative instruments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position were as follows:
Notional amounts (1)
Other assetsAccrued liabilities
Notional amounts (1)
Other assetsAccrued liabilities
September 30
2016

December 31
2015

September 30
2016

December 31
2015

September 30
2016

December 31
2015

September 30
2017

December 31
2016

September 30
2017

December 31
2016

September 30
2017

December 31
2016

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:  
Foreign exchange contracts
$2,211

$2,727

$62

$23

($177)
($304)
$2,496

$2,584

$117

$34

($70)
($225)
Interest rate contracts125
125
9
9



125
125
4
6



Commodity contracts39
40
1
2
(5)(13)41
53
2
7
(6)(5)
Derivatives not receiving hedge accounting treatment:  
Foreign exchange contracts526
436
16
4
(14)(11)479
465
22
21
(9)(17)
Commodity contracts675
725




 557
648




 
Total derivatives
$3,576

$4,053
88
38
(196)(328)
$3,698

$3,875

$145

$68

($85)
($247)
Netting arrangements (52)(23)52
23
 (64)(45)64
45
Net recorded balance 
$36

$15

($144)
($305) 
$81

$23

($21)
($202)
(1) 
Notional amounts represent the gross contract/notional amount of the derivatives outstanding.

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Gains/(losses) associated with our cash flow and undesignated hedging transactions and their effect on Other comprehensive income/(loss)income and Net earnings were as follows: 
Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Effective portion recognized in Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of taxes:       
Effective portion recognized in Other comprehensive income, net of taxes:       
Foreign exchange contracts
$55
 
($137) 
$14
 
($71)
$116
 
$55
 
$40
 
$14
Commodity contracts(1) (2) (1) (2)(5) (1) 

 (1)
Effective portion reclassified out of Accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings, net of taxes:              
Foreign exchange contracts(52) (44) (14) (21)(43) (52) (11) (14)
Commodity contracts(6) (8) (1) (3)(1) (6) 1
 (1)
Forward points recognized in Other income, net:              
Foreign exchange contracts8
 8
 4
 1
3
 8
 1
 4
Undesignated derivatives recognized in Other income, net:              
Foreign exchange contracts2
 (3) 2
 (5)6
 2
 1
 2
Based on our portfolio of cash flow hedges, we expect to reclassify losses of $7022 (pre-tax) out of Accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings during the next 12 months. Ineffectiveness related to our hedges recognized in Other income was insignificant for the nine and three months ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015.2016.
We have derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features. For foreign exchange contracts with original maturities of at least five years, our derivative counterparties could require settlement if we default on our five-year credit facility. For certain commodity contracts, our counterparties could require collateral posted in an amount determined by our credit ratings. The fair value of foreign exchange and commodity contracts that have credit-risk-related contingent features that are in a net liability position at September 30, 20162017 was $4219. At September 30, 2016,2017, there was no collateral posted related to our derivatives.

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Note 15 – Fair Value Measurements
The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the reliability of the inputs used to determine fair value. Level 1 refers to fair values determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Level 2 refers to fair values estimated using significant other observable inputs and Level 3 includes fair values estimated using significant unobservable inputs. The following table presents our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy.
September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Total
 Level 1
 Level 2
 Total
 Level 1
 Level 2
Total
 Level 1
 Level 2
 Total
 Level 1
 Level 2
Assets                      
Money market funds
$3,232
 
$3,232
   
$4,504
 
$4,504
  2,042
 
$2,042
   
$2,858
 
$2,858
  
Available-for-sale investments:                      
Commercial paper168
   
$168
 87
   
$87
59
   
$59
 162
   
$162
Corporate notes252
   252
 79
   79
392
   392
 271
   271
U.S. government agencies78
   78
 83
   83
47
   47
 63
   63
Other52
 52
   20
 20
  15
 15
   46
 46
  
Derivatives36
   36
 15
   15
81
   81
 23
   23
Total assets
$3,818
 
$3,284
 
$534
 
$4,788
 
$4,524
 
$264

$2,636
 
$2,057
 
$579
 
$3,423
 
$2,904
 
$519
Liabilities                      
Derivatives
($144)   
($144) 
($305)   
($305)
($21)   
($21) 
($202)   
($202)
Total liabilities
($144) 
 
($144) 
($305) 
 
($305)
($21) 
 
($21) 
($202) 
 
($202)
Money market funds, available-for-sale debt investments and equity securities are valued using a market approach based on the quoted market prices or broker/dealer quotes of identical or comparable instruments.
Derivatives include foreign currency, commodity and interest rate contracts. Our foreign currency forward contracts are valued using an income approach based on the present value of the forward rate less the contract rate multiplied by the notional amount. Commodity derivatives are valued using an income approach based on the present value of the commodity index prices less the contract rate multiplied by the notional amount. The fair value of our interest rate swaps is derived from a discounted cash flow analysis based on the terms of the contract and the interest rate curve.
Certain assets have been measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). The following table presents the nonrecurring losses recognized for the nine months ended September 30 due to long-lived asset impairment and the fair value and asset classification of the related assets as of the impairment date:
2016 20152017 2016
Fair
Value

 
Total
Losses

 
Fair
Value

 
Total
Losses

Fair
Value

 
Total
Losses

 
Fair
Value

 
Total
Losses

Operating lease equipment
$54
 
($31) 
$271
 
($117)
$89
 
($31) 
$54
 
($31)
Investments1
 (30) 
 
Property, plant and equipment

 (5) 8
 (5)8
 (2) 

 (5)
Acquired intangible assets12
 (10) 
 
14
 (1) 12
 (10)
Total
$66
 
($46) 
$279
 
($122)
$112
 
($64) 
$66
 
($46)
Investments, Property, plant and equipment, and Acquired intangible assets were primarily valued using an income approach based on the discounted cash flows associated with the underlying assets. The fair value of the impaired operating lease equipment is derived by calculating a median collateral value from a consistent group of third party aircraft value publications. The values provided by the third party aircraft publications are derived from their knowledge of market trades and other market factors. Management reviews the

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publications quarterly to assess the continued appropriateness and consistency with market trends. Under certain circumstances, we adjust values based on the attributes and condition of the specific aircraft or equipment, usually when the features or use of the aircraft vary significantly from the more generic

aircraft attributes covered by third party publications, or on the expected net sales price for the aircraft. Property, plant and equipment and Acquired intangible assets were primarily valued using an income approach based on the discounted cash flows associated with the underlying assets.
For Level 3 assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the nine months ended September 30, 2016,2017, the following table presents the fair value of those assets as of the measurement date, valuation techniques and related unobservable inputs of those assets.
 
Fair
Value
 
Valuation
Technique(s)
 Unobservable Input 
Range
Median or Average
Operating lease equipment$5489 Market approach Aircraft value publications 
$94141 - $165$190(1)
Median $133$166
  Aircraft condition adjustments 
($79)77) - $0(2)
Net ($79)77)
(1) 
The range represents the sum of the highest and lowest values for all aircraft subject to fair value measurement, according to the third party aircraft valuation publications that we use in our valuation process.
(2) 
The negative amount represents the sum for all aircraft subject to fair value measurement, of all downward adjustments based on consideration of individual aircraft attributes and condition. The positive amount represents the sum of all such upward adjustments.
Fair Value Disclosures
The fair values and related carrying values of financial instruments that are not required to be remeasured at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position were as follows:
September 30, 2016September 30, 2017
Carrying
Amount

Total Fair
Value

Level 1Level 2
Level 3
Carrying
Amount

Total Fair
Value

Level 1Level 2
Level 3
Assets       
Accounts receivable, net
$9,524

$9,548
 
$9,548
 
Notes receivable, net417
433
 433
 
$762

$771
 
$771
 
Liabilities       
Debt, excluding capital lease obligations(10,321)(12,278) (12,142)(136)(10,635)(12,180) (12,075)
($105)
December 31, 2015December 31, 2016
Carrying
Amount

Total Fair
Value

Level 1Level 2Level 3
Carrying
Amount

Total Fair
Value

Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets       
Accounts receivable, net
$8,713

$8,705
 
$8,705
 
Notes receivable, net255
273
 273
 
$807

$803
 
$803
 
Liabilities       
Debt, excluding capital lease obligations(9,814)(11,292) (11,123)(169)(9,815)(11,209) (11,078)
($131)
The fair value of Accounts receivable is based on current market rates for loans of the same risk and maturities. The fair values of our variable rate notes receivable that reprice frequently approximate their carrying amounts. The fair values of fixed rate notes receivable are estimated with discounted cash flow analysis using interest rates currently offered on loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. The fair value of our debt that is traded in the secondary market is classified as Level 2 and is based on current market yields. For our debt that is not traded in the secondary market, the fair value is classified as Level 2 and is based on our indicative borrowing cost derived from dealer quotes or discounted cash flows. The fair values of our debt classified as Level 3 are based on discounted cash flow models using the implied yield

from similar securities. With regard to other financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk, it is not practicable to estimate the fair value of our indemnifications and financing commitments because the amount and timing of those arrangements are uncertain. Items not included in the above disclosures include cash, restricted cash, time deposits and other deposits, commercial paper, money market funds, Accounts receivable, Accounts payable

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and long-term payables. The carrying values of those items, as reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, approximate their fair value at September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015.2016. The fair value of assets and liabilities whose carrying value approximates fair value is determined using Level 2 inputs, with the exception of cash (Level 1).
Note 16 – Legal Proceedings
Various legal proceedings, claims and investigations related to products, contracts, employment and other matters are pending against us.
In addition, we are subject to various U.S. government inquiries and investigations from which civil, criminal or administrative proceedings could result or have resulted in the past. Such proceedings involve or could involve claims by the government for fines, penalties, compensatory and treble damages, restitution and/or forfeitures. Under government regulations, a company, or one or more of its operating divisions or subdivisions, can also be suspended or debarred from government contracts, or lose its export privileges, based on the results of investigations. We believe, based upon current information, that the outcome of any such legal proceeding, claim, or government dispute and investigation will not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Note 17 – Segment Information
Effective during the first quarter of 2016, certain programs were realigned between Boeing Military Aircraft and Global Services & Support segments. Business segment data for 2015 have been adjusted to reflect the realignment.
Our primary profitability measurements to review a segment’s operating results are Earnings from operations and operating margins. See page 6 for a Summary of Business Segment Data, which is an integral part of this note.
Effective July 1, 2017, we now operate in four reportable segments: BCA, BDS, BGS, and BCC. The new segment, BGS, brings together the Commercial Aviation Services businesses, previously included in the BCA segment, and certain BDS businesses (primarily those previously included in the Global Services & Support segment). Prior year numbers have been revised to conform to the current segment presentation.
BCA develops, produces and markets commercial jet aircraft, principally to the commercial airline industry worldwide.
BDS is engaged in the research, development, production and modification of the following products and related services: manned and unmanned military aircraft and weapons systems, surveillance and engagement, strategic defense and intelligence systems, satellite systems and space exploration.
BGS provides parts, maintenance, modifications, logistics support, training, data analytics and information-based services to commercial and government customers worldwide.
BCC facilitates, arranges, structures and provides selective financing solutions for our Boeing customers.
Unallocated items, eliminations and other include common internal services that support Boeing’s global business operations, intercompany guarantees provided to BCC and eliminations of certain sales between segments. Intersegment revenues, eliminated in Unallocated items, eliminations and other, are shown in the following table.
Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Commercial Airplanes
$1,768
 
$1,143
 
$991
 
$595

$1,224
 
$1,668
 
$325
 
$949
Global Services38
 53
 12
 17
Boeing Capital13
 12
 4
 4
23
 13
 13
 4
Total
$1,781
 
$1,155
 
$995
 
$599

$1,285
 
$1,734
 
$350
 
$970


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Unallocated Items, Eliminations and other
Unallocated items, eliminations and other includes costs not attributable to business segments as well as intercompany profit eliminations. We generally allocate costs to business segments based on the U.S. federal cost accounting standards. Components of Unallocated items, eliminations and other are shown in the following table.
Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Share-based plans
($50) 
($57) 
($9) 
($20)
($67) 
($50) 
($21) 
($9)
Deferred compensation(38) (10) (33) 38
(174) (38) (78) (33)
Amortization of previously capitalized interest(71) (70) (23) (21)(72) (71) (21) (23)
Eliminations and other unallocated items(333) (324) (135) (160)(437) (333) (78) (135)
Sub-total(492) (461) (200) (163)(750) (492) (198) (200)
Pension129
 (293) 50
 (84)808
 129
 275
 50
Postretirement122
 93
 38
 27
146
 122
 41
 38
Pension and Postretirement251
 (200) 88
 (57)954
 251
 316
 88
Total
($241) 
($661) 
($112) 
($220)
$204
 
($241) 
$118
 
($112)
Unallocated Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Expense
Unallocated pension and other postretirement benefit expense represent the portion of pension and other postretirement benefit costs that are not recognized by business segments for segment reporting purposes. Pension costs, comprising Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (GAAP)GAAP service and prior service costs, are allocated to Commercial Airplanes.BCA and the commercial operations at BGS. Pension costs are allocated to BDS and BGS businesses supporting government customers using U.S. Government Cost Accounting Standards (CAS), which employ different actuarial assumptions and accounting conventions than GAAP. These costs are allocable to government contracts. Other postretirement benefit costs are allocated to business segments based on CAS, which is generally based on benefits paid.
Assets
Segment assets are summarized in the table below:
 September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

Commercial Airplanes
$55,441
 
$57,253
Defense, Space & Security:   
Boeing Military Aircraft6,641
 6,793
Network & Space Systems6,062
 6,307
Global Services & Support4,127
 4,567
Total Defense, Space & Security16,830
 17,667
Boeing Capital3,686
 3,492
Unallocated items, eliminations and other12,993
 15,996
Total
$88,950
 
$94,408
 September 30
2017

 December 31
2016

Commercial Airplanes
$46,755
 
$46,745
Defense, Space & Security15,279
 14,123
Global Services12,144
 11,490
Boeing Capital3,530
 4,139
Unallocated items, eliminations and other13,299
 13,500
Total
$91,007
 
$89,997
Assets included in Unallocated items, eliminations and other primarily consist of Cash and cash equivalents, Short-term and other investments, Deferred tax assets, capitalized interest and assets held by Shared Services Groupcentrally as well as intercompany eliminations.

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Goodwill
Segment goodwill balances are summarized in the table below:
 September 30, 2017
 December 31, 2016
Commercial Airplanes
$992
 
$992
Defense, Space & Security2,860
 2,854
Global Services1,492
 1,478
Total
$5,344
 
$5,324
As a result of the change in our reportable segments, we reallocated goodwill to our new reporting units using a relative fair value approach. We evaluated goodwill for impairment at July 1, 2017 and determined that no impairment existed.


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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
The Boeing Company
Chicago, Illinois
We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of financial position of The Boeing Company and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of September 30, 20162017, and the related condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016 and the related condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and equity for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015.2016. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.
We conducted our reviews in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to such condensed consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statement of financial position of the Company as of December 31, 20152016, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 10, 2016,8, 2017, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 20152016 is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated statement of financial position from which it has been derived.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Chicago, Illinois
October 26, 201625, 2017

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “may,” “should,” “expects,” “intends,” “projects,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “targets,” “anticipates” and similar expressions are used to identify these forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include statements relating to our future financial condition and operating results, as well as any other statement that does not directly relate to any historical or current fact.
  
Forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and assumptions, which may not prove to be accurate. These statements are not guarantees and are subject to risks, uncertainties and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Many factors could cause actual results to differ materially and adversely from these forward-looking statements. Among these factors are risks related to:
  
(1)general conditions in the economy and our industry, including those due to regulatory changes;
  
(2)our reliance on our commercial airline customers;
  
(3)the overall health of our aircraft production system, planned production rate increases across multiple commercial airline programs, our commercial development and derivative aircraft programs, and our aircraft being subject to stringent performance and reliability standards;
  
(4)changing budget and appropriation levels and acquisition priorities of the U.S. government;
  
(5)our dependence on U.S. government contracts;
  
(6)our reliance on fixed-price contracts;
  
(7)our reliance on cost-type contracts;
  
(8)uncertainties concerning contracts that include in-orbit incentive payments;
  
(9)our dependence on our subcontractors and suppliers as well as the availability of raw materials;
  
(10)changes in accounting estimates;
  
(11)changes in the competitive landscape in our markets;
  
(12)our non-U.S. operations, including sales to non-U.S. customers;
  
(13)potential adverse developments in new or pending litigation and/or government investigations;
  
(14)customer and aircraft concentration in Boeing Capital’s customer financing portfolio;
  
(15)changes in our ability to obtain debt on commercially reasonable terms and at competitive rates in order to fund our operations and contractual commitments;
  
(16)realizing the anticipated benefits of mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures, strategic alliances or divestitures;
  
(17)the adequacy of our insurance coverage to cover significant risk exposures;

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(18)potential business disruptions, including those related to physical security threats, information technology or cyber attacks, epidemics, sanctions or natural disasters;
  
(19)work stoppages or other labor disruptions;
  
(20)significant changes in discount rates and actual investment return on pension assets;
  
(21)potential environmental liabilities; and
  
(22)threats to the security of our or our customers’ information.
  
Additional information concerning these and other factors can be found in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the “Risk Factors” on pages 6 through 1514 of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Notes 9, 10, and 16the notes to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K. Any forward-looking information speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we assume no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
  
  
  
  
  

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Consolidated Results of Operations and Financial Condition
Earnings From Operations and Core Operating Earnings (Non-GAAP) The following table summarizes key indicators of consolidated results of operations:
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Revenues
$71,285
 
$72,541
 
$23,898
 
$25,849

$68,024
 
$71,285
 
$24,309
 
$23,898
              
GAAP              
Earnings from operations
$3,651
 
$6,282
 
$2,282
 
$2,580

$7,248
 
$3,651
 
$2,689
 
$2,282
Operating margins5.1% 8.7% 9.5 % 10.0%10.7% 5.1% 11.1% 9.5 %
Effective income tax rate5.8% 31.5% (3.4)% 31.5%28.4% 5.8% 30.0% (3.4)%
Net earnings
$3,264
 
$4,150
 
$2,279
 
$1,704

$5,065
 
$3,264
 
$1,853
 
$2,279
Diluted earnings per share
$5.04
 
$5.92
 
$3.60
 
$2.47

$8.27
 
$5.04
 
$3.06
 
$3.60
              
Non-GAAP (1)
              
Core operating earnings
$3,400
 
$6,482
 
$2,194
 
$2,637

$6,294
 
$3,400
 
$2,373
 
$2,194
Core operating margins4.8% 8.9% 9.2% 10.2%9.3% 4.8% 9.8% 9.2%
Core earnings per share
$4.79
 
$6.11
 
$3.51
 
$2.52

$7.26
 
$4.79
 
$2.72
 
$3.51
(1) 
These measures exclude certain components of pension and other postretirement benefit expense. See page 4845 for important information about these non-GAAP measures and reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP measures.
Revenues
The following table summarizes Revenues:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Commercial Airplanes
$48,828
 
$49,950
 
$16,973
 
$17,692

$41,263
 
$43,630
 
$14,982
 
$15,200
Defense, Space & Security22,638
 22,603
 7,508
 8,350
15,520
 17,281
 5,470
 5,751
Global Services10,638
 10,508
 3,568
 3,506
Boeing Capital211
 315
 63
 114
234
 211
 70
 63
Unallocated items, eliminations and other(392) (327) (646) (307)369
 (345) 219
 (622)
Total
$71,285
 
$72,541
 
$23,898
 
$25,849

$68,024
 
$71,285
 
$24,309
 
$23,898
Revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 decreased by $1,256$3,261 million compared with the same period in 2015.2016. Commercial Airplanes (BCA) revenues decreased by $1,122$2,367 million primarily due to lower airplane volume.fewer deliveries and Defense, Space & Security (BDS) revenues increaseddecreased by $35$1,761 million primarily due to higher revenuesfewer C-17 deliveries. The decrease in Global Services & Support (GS&S),revenue at BCA and BDS for the nine-month period was partially offset by lower revenueschanges in Network & Space Systems (N&SS)unallocated items and Boeing Military Aircraft (BMA).eliminations, which primarily reflect the timing of eliminations for intercompany aircraft deliveries and the sale of aircraft previously leased to customers.
Revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased by $1,951$411 million compared with the same period in 2015. Commercial Airplanes2016. BCA revenues decreased by $719$218 million primarily due todriven by the mix of airplane deliveries - revenues from higher single aisle deliveries were more than offset by lower volume.twin aisle deliveries. BDS revenues decreased $842by $281 million or 10%, due to lower revenues inon the BMAKC-46A Tanker program and N&SS segments,the mix of deliveries on the Chinook, Apache and F-15 programs, partially offset by higher revenuesvolume on various

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weapons programs. The decrease in GS&S.
The changerevenue at BCA and BDS for the three-month period was more than offset by changes in unallocated items and eliminations, which primarily reflectsreflect the timing of eliminations for intercompany aircraft deliveries.

deliveries and the sale of aircraft previously leased to customers.
Earnings From Operations
The following table summarizes Earnings from operations:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Commercial Airplanes
$1,657
 
$4,591
 
$1,597
 
$1,768

$3,648
 
$804
 
$1,483
 
$1,293
Defense, Space & Security2,199
 2,311
 784
 1,022
1,670
 1,443
 559
 564
Global Services1,639
 1,609
 506
 524
Boeing Capital36
 41
 13
 10
87
 36
 23
 13
Unallocated pension and other postretirement benefit income/(expense)251
 (200) 88
 (57)
Unallocated pension and other postretirement benefit income954
 251
 316
 88
Other unallocated items and eliminations(492) (461) (200) (163)(750) (492) (198) (200)
Earnings from operations (GAAP)
$3,651
 
$6,282
 
$2,282
 
$2,580

$7,248
 
$3,651
 
$2,689
 
$2,282
Unallocated pension and other postretirement benefit expense(251) 200
 (88) 57
Unallocated pension and other postretirement benefit income(954) (251) (316) (88)
Core operating earnings (Non-GAAP)
$3,400
 
$6,482
 
$2,194
 
$2,637

$6,294
 
$3,400
 
$2,373
 
$2,194
Earnings from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased by $2,631$3,597 million compared with the same period in 20152016, primarily due to lowerhigher earnings at Commercial Airplanes, partially offset by lowerBCA and BDS and higher unallocated pension income, which more than offset other unallocated items and postretirementeliminations. BCA's 2017 earnings reflect lower reach-forward losses on the KC-46A Tanker program, as well as the absence of 747 program reach-forward losses and reclassification of 787 flight test aircraft inventory costs of $1,235 million to research and development expense. Commercial Airplanes earnings
Earnings from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $2,934 million due2017 included reach-forward losses related to the KC-46A Tanker program of $471 million, of which $374 million was recorded at BCA and $97 million was recorded at BDS. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 we recorded reach-forward losses onof $1,258 million related to the 747 program of $1,258 million recorded during the first half of 2016, the reclassification of $1,235 million of 787 flight test aircraft costs, as well as lower volumeat BCA, and mix. During the second quarter of 2016, we reclassified $1,235 million of costs to research and development related to two 787 flight test aircraft as a result of our determination that those aircraft are no longer commercially saleable.
During the first half of 2016, we recorded reach-forward losses of $816 million on the KC-46A Tanker program of which $516$529 million was recorded at Commercial AirplanesBCA and $300$287 million at our BMA segment. During the second quarter of 2015, we recorded KC-46A Tanker program reach-forward losses $835 million of which $513 million was recorded at Commercial Airplanes and $322 million at our BMA segment.BDS.
Earnings from operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased by $298 million. Commercial Airplanes earnings decreased $171$407 million compared with the same period in 2016, primarily due to lower volume and mix, offset by lower period costs. BDS earnings from operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $238 million, primarily due to lower earnings in the N&SS and BMA segments, partially offset by higher earnings in the GS&S segment.
The earnings decreases for the nineat BCA and three months ended September 30, 2016 are offset byhigher unallocated pension income, which more than offset reach-forward losses on the KC-46A Tanker program. During the third quarter of 2017, we recorded reach-forward losses of $256 million at BCA and other postretirement benefit income recorded in 2016 compared with expense recorded in$73 million at BDS related to the comparable prior year periods.KC-46A Tanker program.
Core operating earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased by $3,082$2,894 million compared with the same period in 20152016 primarily due to the 747 chargeslower reach-forward losses and the reclassification$1,235 million of costs related toresearch and development expense associated with the 787 flight test aircraft described above, as well as delivery mix at Commercial Airplanes.reclassification recorded in 2016. Core operating earnings for the three months ended September 30, 2017 increased $179 million compared with the same period in 2016 decreased by $443 millionprimarily due to lowerhigher earnings at N&SS and Commercial Airplanes.BCA.

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Unallocated Items, Eliminations and Other The most significant items included in Unallocated items, eliminations and other are shown in the following table:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Share-based plans
($50) 
($57) 
($9) 
($20)
($67) 
($50) 
($21) 
($9)
Deferred compensation(38) (10) (33) 38
(174) (38) (78) (33)
Eliminations and other unallocated items(404) (394) (158) (181)(509) (404) (99) (158)
Sub-total (included in core operating earnings*)(492) (461) (200) (163)(750) (492) (198) (200)
Pension129
 (293) 50
 (84)808
 129
 275
 50
Postretirement122
 93
 38
 27
146
 122
 41
 38
Pension and other postretirement benefit expense
(excluded from core operating earnings*)
251
 (200) 88
 (57)
Pension and other postretirement benefit income(excluded from core operating earnings*)954
 251
 316
 88
Total
($241) 
($661) 
($112) 
($220)
$204
 
($241) 
$118
 
($112)
* Core operating earnings is a Non-GAAP measure that excludes certain components of pension and postretirement benefit expense. See page 48.45.
The deferred compensation expense increased by $28$136 million and $71$45 million for the nine and three months ended September 30, 20162017 compared with the same periods in 20152016 primarily driven by changesincreases in broad stock market conditions and our stock price.price and broad market conditions.
Eliminations and other unallocated lossitems increased by $10$105 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017, and decreased by $23$59 million for the three months ended September 30, 20162017 compared with the same periods in 20152016 primarily due to the timing of expense allocations and the elimination of profit on intercompany aircraft deliveries and expense allocations.deliveries.
The components of net periodic benefit cost are shown in the following table:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
Pension Plans2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Service cost
$488
 
$1,325
 
$162
 
$441

$301
 
$488
 
$100
 
$162
Interest cost2,287
 2,242
 761
 748
2,243
 2,287
 747
 761
Expected return on plan assets(2,998) (3,024) (1,000) (1,008)(2,883) (2,998) (961) (1,000)
Amortization of prior service costs29
 147
 9
 49
Amortization of prior service (credits)/costs(29) 29
 (9) 9
Recognized net actuarial loss592
 1,184
 198
 392
603
 592
 201
 198
Settlement/curtailment/other losses39
 194
 6
 83
1
 39
 
 6
Net periodic benefit cost
$437
 
$2,068
 
$136
 
$705

$236
 
$437
 
$78
 
$136
The decrease in net periodic pension benefit cost for the nine and three months ended September 30, 20162017 of $1,631$201 million and $569$58 million compared with the same periods in 20152016 is primarily due to lower service costs and lower amortizationdue to the transition of actuarial losses. The lower service costs reflect the changesadditional employees to our retirement plans whereby certain employees transitioned in 2016 to a company-funded defined contribution retirement savings plan. The lower amortizationplans.

32

Table of actuarial losses reflects actuarial gains in 2015 resulting from the year-end discount rate increase from 3.9% to 4.2%. In 2014, the discount rate decreased to 3.9% from 4.8% resulting in actuarial losses.Contents

A portion of net periodic benefit cost is recognized in Earnings from operations in the period incurred and the remainder is included in inventory at the end of the reporting period and recorded in Earnings from operations in subsequent periods. Costs are allocated to the business segments as described in Note 17. Net periodic pension benefit costs included in Earnings from operations were as follows:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
Pension Plans2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Allocated to business segments
($1,674) 
($1,544) 
($503) 
($445)
($1,342) 
($1,674) 
($375) 
($503)
Other unallocated items and eliminations129
 (293) 50
 (84)
Unallocated items, Eliminations and other808
 129
 275
 50
Total
($1,545) 
($1,837) 
($453) 
($529)
($534) 
($1,545) 
($100) 
($453)
The higher unallocated pension costsbenefit recognized in earnings was a benefit of $129 million and $50 million for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2016 compared with expense of $293 million and $84 million for the same periods in 2015. The 2016 benefits reflect the difference between the higher segment allocation compared to the U.S. GAAP net periodic pension costs recognized in earnings in the current period. The 2015 unallocated expense reflects the amortization of pension costsbenefits capitalized as inventory in prior years.
Other Earnings Items 
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Earnings from operations
$3,651
 
$6,282
 
$2,282
 
$2,580

$7,248
 
$3,651
 
$2,689
 
$2,282
Other income/(loss), net41
 (23) 2
 (26)
Other income, net94
 41
 45
 2
Interest and debt expense(227) (203) (81) (67)(267) (227) (87) (81)
Earnings from operations3,465
 6,056
 2,203
 2,487
7,075
 3,465
 2,647
 2,203
Income tax (expense)/benefit(201) (1,906) 76
 (783)(2,010) (201) (794) 76
Net earnings from continuing operations
$3,264
 
$4,150
 
$2,279
 
$1,704

$5,065
 
$3,264
 
$1,853
 
$2,279
Other income, net increased by $53 million and $43 million during the nine and three months ended September 30, 2017, primarily due to higher gains from foreign exchange and interest income.
For discussion related to Income Taxes, see Note 3 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Total Costs and Expenses (“Cost of Sales”)
Cost of sales, for both products and services, consists primarily of raw materials, parts, sub-assemblies, labor, overhead and subcontracting costs. Our Commercial AirplanesBCA segment predominantly uses program accounting to account for cost of sales andwhile BDS predominantly uses contract accounting. BGS uses contract accounting for portions of its business. Under program accounting, cost of sales for each commercial airplane program equals the product of (i) revenue recognized in connection with customer deliveries and (ii) the estimated cost of sales percentage applicable to the total remaining program. Under contract accounting, the amount reported as cost of sales is determined by applying the estimated cost of sales percentage to the amount of revenue recognized. The following table summarizes cost of sales:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30 Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30 

2016
 2015
Change
2016
 2015
Change
2017
 2016
Change
2017
 2016
Change
Cost of sales
$61,326
 
$61,446

($120)
$19,904
 
$21,600

($1,696)
$55,639
 
$61,326

($5,687)
$19,987
 
$19,904

$83
Cost of sales as a % of Revenues86.0% 84.7%1.3%83.3% 83.6%(0.3)%81.8% 86.0%(4.2%)82.2% 83.3%(1.1)%
Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 decreased by $120$5,687 million, or 9.3% compared with the same period in 2015,2016, primarily due to lower volume partially offset by the 747and lower reach-forward loss at Commercial Airplanes. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue was approximately 86.0% in the nine

months ended September 30, 2016 compared with approximately 84.7% in the same period in 2015 primarily driven by the 747 charges recorded in the second quarter of 2016.
losses. Cost of sales for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased by $1,696$83 million or 8%, compared with the same period in 2015. Cost of sales at Commercial Airplanes decreased by $610 million, or 4% while BDS decreased by $581 million, or 9%,2016, primarily due to lower volume. Costhigher reach-forward losses.

33

Table of sales as a percentage of revenue was approximately 83.3% in the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared with approximately 83.6% in the same period in 2015.Contents

Research and Development The following table summarizes our Research and development expense:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Commercial Airplanes
$3,194
 
$1,713
 
$646
 
$616

$1,755
 
$3,152
 
$538
 
$633
Defense, Space & Security750
 715
 229
 241
599
 666
 207
 201
Global Services101
 126
 38
 41
Other(43) (2) (18) 

(37) (43) (16) (18)
Total
$3,901
 
$2,426
 
$857
 
$857

$2,418
 
$3,901
 
$767
 
$857
Research and development expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased2017 decreased by $1,475$1,483 million compared with the same period in 20152016. The decrease at BCA is primarily due to the reclassification of $1,235 million of costs from inventory in the second quarter of 2016 related to the fourth and fifth 787 flight test aircraft and higheras well as lower spending on 777Xthe 737 MAX and 787-10. The decrease of $90 million during the three months ended September 30, 2017 is primarily attributable to lower spending at Commercial Airplanes.BCA on the 737 MAX and 777X.
BacklogThe following table summarizes our backlog:
(Dollars in millions)September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

Total contractual backlog
$448,883
 
$476,595
Unobligated backlog13,115
 12,704
Total Backlog (Dollars in millions)
September 30
2017

 December 31
2016

Commercial Airplanes
$412,185
 
$413,036
Defense, Space & Security
$45,852
 
$44,825
Global Services
$16,251
 
$15,631
Total Backlog
$474,288
 
$473,492
    
Contractual backlog
$459,871
 
$458,277
Unobligated backlog14,417
 15,215
Total Backlog
$474,288
 
$473,492
Contractual backlog of unfilled orders excludes purchase options, announced orders for which definitive contracts have not been executed, and unobligated U.S. and non-U.S. government contract funding. The decrease in contractual backlogincrease during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with December 31, 20152017 was primarily due to deliveriesorders and funding in excess of net orders.deliveries.
Unobligated backlog includes U.S. and non-U.S. government definitive contracts for which funding has not been authorized. The unobligated backlog of $13,115 million atdecrease during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased from December 31, 20152017 was primarily due to contract awards, partially offset by reclassifications to contractual backlog related to BDS contracts.and BGS contracts, partially offset by contract awards.
Additional Considerations
KC-46A Tanker In 2011, we were awarded a contract from the U.S. Air Force (USAF) to design, develop, manufacture and deliver four next generation aerial refueling tankers. The KC-46A Tanker is a derivative of our 767 commercial aircraft. This Engineering, Manufacturing and Development (EMD) contract is a fixed-price incentive fee contract valued at $4.9 billion and involves highly complex designs and systems integration. The EMD contract is currently in the certification and flight testing phases. In 2015, we began work on low rate initial production (LRIP) aircraft for the USAF. During the third quarter of 2016, following our achievement of key flight testing milestones, the USAF authorized two LRIP lots for 7 and 12 aircraft valued at $2.8 billion.
Through 2015, we recorded reach-forward losses of $1,260 million related to On January 27, 2017, the EMD contract andUSAF authorized an additional LRIP aircraft. In the first quarter of 2016, we recorded further reach-forward losses of $243 million which were primarily driven by higher than anticipated certification and test rework and the change incorporation impact to EMD and LRIP aircraft. In the second quarter of 2016, technical complexities and schedule delays resulted in additional charges of $573 millionlot for reach-forward losses. The second quarter charges were driven by

costs associated with certification delays and higher costs associated with the overall revised schedule, as well as a boom axial load issue that required a hardware solution, and production concurrency between late-stage development testing and the initial production aircraft. As with any development program, this program remains subject to additional reach-forward losses if we experience further technical or quality issues, schedule delays or increased costs.
The first tanker delivery is expected to occur in late 2017 with 18 fully operational15 aircraft to be delivered in early 2018. The contract contains production options for both LRIP aircraft and full rate production aircraft.valued at $2.1 billion. If all options under the contract are exercised, we expect to deliver 179 aircraft for a total expected contract value of approximately $30 billion. We now expect 18 fully operational aircraft to be delivered in 2018.

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Table of Contents

During 2016, we recorded reach-forward losses of $1,128 million related to the EMD contract and LRIP aircraft. During the first quarter of 2017, we recorded further reach-forward losses of $142 million primarily reflecting higher estimated costs associated with certification and incorporating changes into LRIP aircraft. During the third quarter of 2017, we recorded additional reach-forward losses of $329 million, primarily reflecting further increases in estimated costs associated with certification and incorporating changes into LRIP aircraft. As with any development program, this program remains subject to additional reach-forward losses or delivery delays if we experience further production, technical or quality issues, delays in certification and/or flight testing.
Russia/Ukraine We continue to monitor political unrest involving Russia and Ukraine, where we and some of our suppliers source titanium products and/or have operations. A number of our commercial customers also have operations in Russia and Ukraine. To date, we have not experienced any significant disruptions to production or deliveries. Should suppliers or customers experience disruption, our production and/or deliveries could be materially impacted.
Export-Import Bank of the United States Many of our non-U.S. customers finance purchases through the Export-Import Bank of the United States. Following the expiration of the bank’s charter on June 30, 2015, the bank’s charter was reauthorized in December 2015. The bank is now authorized through September 30, 2019. However, until the U.S. Senate confirms members sufficient to reconstitute a quorum of the bank’s board of directors, the bank will not be able to approve any transaction totaling more than $10 million. As a result, we may fund additional commitments and/or enter into new financing arrangements with customers. Certain of our non-U.S. customers also may seek to delay purchases if they cannot obtain financing at reasonable costs, and there may be further impacts with respect to future sales campaigns involving non-U.S. customers. We continue to work with our customers to mitigate risks associated with the lack of a quorum of the bank’s board of directors and assist with alternative third party financing sources.
Segment Results of Operations and Financial Condition
Commercial Airplanes
Business EnvironmentEnvironments and Trends
Airline Industry Environment
Our updated 20-year forecast, published in July 2016,June 2017, projects a long-term average growth rate of 4.8%4.7% per year for passenger traffic and 4.2% for cargo traffic. Based on long-term global economic growth projections of 2.9%2.8% average annual GDP growth, we project a $5.9$6.1 trillion market for approximately 39,60041,030 new airplanes over the next 20 years. We continue to monitor near-term market conditions in the wide-body segment. If sufficient wide-body orders do not materialize in the next several quarters, we may consider appropriate adjustments to our production rates.
Results of Operations
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
Revenues
$48,828
 
$49,950
 
$16,973


$17,692
Earnings from operations:
$1,657
 
$4,591
 
$1,597


$1,768
Operating margins3.4% 9.2% 9.4% 10.0%
(Dollars in millions)September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

Contractual backlog
$408,756
 
$431,408
Unobligated backlog219
 216

(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2017 2016 2017 2016
Revenues
$41,263
 
$43,630
 
$14,982


$15,200
Earnings from operations:
$3,648
 
$804
 
$1,483


$1,293
Operating margins8.8% 1.8% 9.9% 8.5%
Revenues
Revenues for the nine andmonths ended September 30, 2017 decreased by $2,367 million, or 5%, compared with the same period in 2016 primarily due to fewer deliveries. Revenues for the three months ended September 30, 20162017 decreased by $1,122$218 million, and $719 million, or 2% and 4%, compared with the same periodsperiod in 20152016 primarily due to lower volume.delivery mix, with fewer twin aisle deliveries more than offsetting the impact of higher single aisle deliveries.

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Table of Contents

Commercial airplane deliveries, including intercompany deliveries, were as follows:

737
*747
767
 777
 787
 Total
Deliveries during the first nine months of 2016368
(15)8
(3)10
 73
 104
 563
Deliveries during the first nine months of 2015375
(11)13
(1)14
 77
 101
 580
Deliveries during the third quarter of 2016120
(6)5
(3)5
 22
 36
 188
Deliveries during the third quarter of 2015126
(5)4
(1)5
 27
 37
 199
Cumulative deliveries as of 9/30/20166,081
 1,527
 1,093
 1,434
 467
 
Cumulative deliveries as of 12/31/20155,713
 1,519
 1,083
 1,361
 363
 

737
*747
767
 777
 787
 Total
Deliveries during the first nine months of 2017381
(13)8
(1)7
 58
 100
 554
Deliveries during the first nine months of 2016368
(15)8
(3)10
 73
 104
 563
Deliveries during the third quarter of 2017145
(4)4

2
 16
 35
 202
Deliveries during the third quarter of 2016120
(6)5
(3)5
 22
 36
 188
Cumulative deliveries as of 9/30/20176,584
 1,536
 1,103
 1,518
 600
 
Cumulative deliveries as of 12/31/20166,203
 1,528
 1,096
 1,460
 500
 
*     Intercompany deliveries identified by parentheses
Aircraft accounted for as revenues by Commercial AirplanesBCA and as operating leases in consolidation identified by parentheses
Earnings From Operations
Earnings from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased by $2,934$2,844 million compared with the same period in 2015. The decrease in earnings and operating margins is2016 primarily due to higherlower reach-forward losses, lower research and development costs and improved margins reflecting favorable cost performance, which more than offset the impact of $1,481lower revenues.
Reach-forward losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 include $374 million and a$529 million related to the KC-46A Tanker program. In addition, reach-forward loss oflosses for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 include $1,258 million onrelated to the 747 program, as well as lower volume and mix.program. Research and development costs reflectexpense in 2016 reflects the reclassification from inventory to research and development expense of $1,235 million related to the fourth and fifth 787 flight test aircraft and higher planned costs related to the 777X program. Earnings include reach-forward losses related to the KC-46A Tanker of $516 million recorded in the first half of 2016 compared with $513 million in the comparable period of 2015.aircraft.
Earnings from operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased by $171$190 million compared with the same period in 20152016, primarily due to lower volumefavorable cost performance and mix,higher margins on the 787 program, partially offset by lower period costs.a $256 million reach-forward loss related to KC-46A Tanker program. The higher margin on the 787 program reflected the increase in the accounting quantity from 1,300 to 1,400 and improved cost performance.
Backlog
The decrease in contractualBCA total backlog during the nine months endeddecreased from $413,036 million as of December 31, 2016 to $412,185 million at September 30, 2016 was2017 primarily due to deliveries in excess of net orders.

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Table of Contents

Accounting Quantity
The following table provides details of the accounting quantities and firm orders by program. Cumulative firm orders represent the cumulative number of commercial jet aircraft deliveries plus undelivered firm orders.
ProgramProgram
As of 9/30/2016737
 747*
 767
 777
 777X
 787
As of 9/30/2017737
 747*
 767
 777
 777X
 787
Program accounting quantities9,000
 1,555
 1,159
 1,650
 **
 1,300
9,600
 1,555
 1,171
 1,625
 **
 1,400
Undelivered units under firm orders4,350
 15

96
 151
 306
 694
4,431
 17

101
 101
 326
 683
Cumulative firm orders10,431
 1,542
 1,189
 1,585
 306
 1,161
11,015
 1,553
 1,204
 1,619
 326
 1,283
ProgramProgram
As of 12/31/2015737
 747
 767
 777
 777X
 787
As of 12/31/2016737
 747
 767
 777
 777X
 787
Program accounting quantities8,400
 1,574
 1,147
 1,650
 **
 1,300
9,000
 1,555
 1,159
 1,625
 ***
 1,300
Undelivered units under firm orders4,392
 20
 80
 218
 306
 779
4,452
 28
 93
 136
 306
 700
Cumulative firm orders10,105
 1,539
 1,163
 1,579
 306
 1,142
10,655
 1,556
 1,189
 1,596
 306
 1,200
* At September 30, 2016, the 747 accounting quantity has 27 undelivered aircraft, including 20 that have not been sold or may be remarketed.
** The accounting quantity for the 777X will be determined in the year of first airplane delivery, targeted for 2020.
*At September 30, 2017, the 747 accounting quantity has 18 undelivered aircraft, including one already completed aircraft that has not been sold and is being remarketed.
**The accounting quantity for the 777X will be determined in the year of first airplane delivery, targeted for 2020.
Program Highlights
737 Program The accounting quantity for the 737 program increased by 200 units during the three months ended September 30, 20162017 and by 600 units during the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 due to the program’s normal progress of obtaining additional orders and delivering airplanes. We are currently producing at a rate of 4247 per month and plan to increase to 4752 per month in 2017.2018. We plan to further increase the rate to 52 per month in 2018 and to 57 per month in 2019. First deliveryWe delivered the first 737 MAX 8 in May 2017 and announced the launch of the 737 MAX is expected10 in June 2017.
747 Program Lower-than-expected demand for large commercial passenger and freighter aircraft and slower-than-expected growth of global freight traffic have continued to drive market uncertainties, pricing pressures and fewer orders than anticipated. AsWe are currently producing at a result, during the second quarter of 2016, we canceled previous plans to return to a production rate of 1.00.5 aircraft per month beginning in 2019, resulting in a reduction in the program accounting quantity from 1,574 to 1,555 aircraft. This reduction in the program accounting quantity, together with lower anticipated revenues from future sales and higher costs associated with producing fewer airplanes, resulted in a reach-forward loss of $1,188 million in the second quarter. We previously recognized reach-forward losses of $885 million and $70 million during the second half of 2015 and the first quarter of 2016, respectively, related to our prior decision to reduce the production rate to 0.5 per month and anticipating lower estimated revenue from future sales due to ongoing pricing and market pressures. We reduced the rate from 1.0 to 0.5 per month in September 2016.month. The adjusted program accounting quantity includes 27 undelivered aircraft currently scheduled to be produced through 2019. We continue to have a number of completed aircraft in inventory as well as unsold production positions and we remain focused on obtaining additional orders and implementing cost-reduction efforts. We are currently evaluating several scenarios, including sales campaigns that may determine how long we continue the 747 program. If we are unable to obtain sufficient orders and/or market, production and other risks cannot be mitigated, we could record additional losses that may be material, andmaterial. Depending on market conditions, it is reasonably possible that we could decide to end production of the 747.
767 Program The accounting quantity for the 767 program increased by 12 units during the ninethree months ended September 30, 20162017 due to the program’s normal progress of obtaining additional orders and delivering airplanes. The 767 assembly line includes a 767 derivative to support the tanker program. We increased theThe combined tanker and commercial production rate increased from 1.5 per month to 2 per month in April of 2016. We plan to further increase the rate to 2.5 per month in the fourththird quarter of 2017.

777 Program We are currently producing atimplemented a planned production rate ofdecrease from 8.3 per month and plan to reduce the rate to 7 per month during the first quarter of 2017. We further reduced the rate to 5 per month in the third quarter of 2017. In the fourth quarter of 2013, we launched the 777X, which features a new composite wing, new engines and folding wing-tips. The 777X will have a separate program accounting quantity, which will be determined in the year of first airplane delivery, targeted for 2020.
787 Program DuringThe accounting quantity for the second quarter787 program increased by 100 units during the three months ended September 30, 2017 due to the program’s normal progress of 2016, we beganobtaining additional orders and delivering airplanes.We are currently producing at a rate of 12 per month. We are planning a further ratemonth and plan to increase to 14 per month by the end of the decade.in 2019. First delivery of the 787-10 derivative aircraft is targeted for 2018. The accounting quantity

37

Table of 1,300 units remains unchanged.Contents
We remain focused on improving productivity and obtaining additional orders to support planned production. We continue to monitor and address challenges associated with aircraft production and assembly for both the 787-8 and 787-9, including management of our manufacturing operations and extended global supply chain, completion and integration of traveled work, as well as completing and delivering early build aircraft.
During 2009, we concluded that the first three flight-test 787 aircraft could not be sold as previously anticipated due to the inordinate amount of rework and unique and extensive modifications made to those aircraft. As a result, costs associated with those airplanes were included in research and development expense. We produced the fourth and fifth flight test aircraft in 2009 but have been unable to sell them at acceptable prices. The aircraft have been used extensively for flight and ground testing and we intended to begin to refurbish the aircraft in early 2017 for commercial sale based on sales activity and market interest. However, during the second quarter of 2016 we determined that firm orders for these aircraft prior to refurbishment were now unlikely, and that the Company would not invest company funds for their refurbishment. The Company also determined the costs to refurbish the aircraft at a future date would be prohibitively expensive. We have therefore determined that the aircraft are not commercially saleable, and accordingly, costs of $1,235 million associated with these aircraft were reclassified from 787 program inventory to research and development expense during the second quarter of 2016. We have firm orders for the six remaining undelivered early build aircraft and plan to complete retrofitting them by the end of 2017.
The combination of production challenges, change incorporation on early build aircraft, schedule delays, customer and supplier impacts and changes to price escalation factors has created significant pressure on program profitability and we continue to have near breakeven gross margins. If risks related to these challenges, together with risks associated with planned production rate increases and productivity improvements, supply chain management or introducing or manufacturing the 787-10 derivative as scheduled cannot be mitigated, the program could face further pressures on program profitability and/or a reach-forward loss. We continue to implement mitigation plans and cost-reduction efforts to improve program profitability and address program risks.

Additional Considerations
The development and ongoing production of commercial aircraft is extremely complex, involving extensive coordination and integration with suppliers and highly-skilled labor from thousands of employees and other partners. Meeting or exceeding our performance and reliability standards, as well as those of customers and regulators, can be costly and technologically challenging. In addition, the introduction of new aircraft and derivatives, such as the 787-10, 737 MAX and 777X, involves increased risks associated with meeting development, production and certification schedules. As a result, our ability to deliver aircraft on time, satisfy performance and reliability standards and achieve or maintain, as applicable, program profitability is subject to significant risks. Factors that could result in lower margins (or a material charge if an airplane program has or is determined to have reach-forward losses) include the following: changes to the program accounting quantity, customer and model mix, production costs and rates, changes to price escalation factors due to changes in the inflation rate or other economic indicators, performance or reliability issues involving completed aircraft, capital expenditures and other costs associated with increasing or adding new production capacity, learning curve, additional change incorporation, achieving anticipated cost reductions, flight test and certification schedules, costs, schedule and demand for new airplanes and derivatives and status of customer claims, supplier assertions and other contractual negotiations. While we believe the cost and revenue estimates incorporated in the consolidated financial statements are appropriate, the technical complexity of our airplane programs creates financial risk as additional completion costs may become

necessary or scheduled delivery dates could be extended, which could trigger termination provisions, order cancellations or other financially significant exposure.
Defense, Space & Security
Business Environment and Trends
United States Government Defense Environment OverviewThe enactment of The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 in November 2015 established overall defense spending levels
In May 2017, the U.S. administration submitted its fiscal year 2018 budget request, which calls for FY2016 and FY2017. However, uncertainty remains with respect to levels of defense spending for FY2018 and beyond, including risk of future sequestration cuts.
Significant uncertainty also continues with respect to program-level appropriations forfunding the U.S. Department of Defense (U.S. DoD) and other government agencies, includingbase budget at a level that is $52 billion or 10% above the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, withinspending caps in the overall budgetary framework described above. Future budget cuts, including cuts mandated by sequestration, or future procurement decisions associated with the authorization and appropriations process could result in reductions, cancellations and/or delaysBudget Control Act of existing contracts or programs. Any of these impacts could have a material effect on the results2011 (The Act). In addition, three of the Company's operations, financial position and/four congressional defense oversight committees have endorsed a U.S. DoD budget topline that is higher than the administration’s fiscal year 2018 request. However, The Act, which mandates limits on U.S. government discretionary spending, remains in effect through fiscal year 2021. As a result, continued budget uncertainty and the risk of future sequestration cuts will remain unless The Act is repealed or cash flows.significantly modified by Congress.
OnFunding timeliness also remains a risk. In September 29, 20162017, a continuing resolutionContinuing Resolution was enacted to fund thethat extends U.S. government funding at fiscal year 2017 rates through December 9, 2016. After this date, if8, 2017. If Congress is unable to pass appropriations bills in a timely manner,before the expiration of the current Continuing Resolution, a government shutdown could result which may have impacts above and beyond those resulting from budget cuts, sequestration impacts or program-level appropriations. For example, requirements to furlough employees in the U.S. DoD, the Department of Transportation, or other government agencies could result in payment delays, impair our ability to perform work on existing contracts, and/or negatively impact future orders. Alternatively, Congress may fund the remainder of fiscal year 2018 by passing one or more Continuing Resolutions; however, this could restrict the execution of certain program activities and delay new programs or competitions.
In addition, there continues to be uncertainty with respect to program-level appropriations for the U.S. DoD and other government agencies, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), within the overall budgetary framework described above. Future budget cuts or investment priority changes could result in reductions, cancellations and/or delays of existing contracts or programs. Any of these impacts could have a material effect on the results of the Company’s operations, financial position and/or cash flows.

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Results of Operations
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
Revenues
$22,638
 
$22,603
 
$7,508
 
$8,350
Earnings from operations
$2,199
 
$2,311
 
$784
 
$1,022
Operating margins9.7% 10.2% 10.4% 12.2%
(Dollars in millions)September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

Contractual backlog
$40,127
 
$45,187
Unobligated backlog12,896
 12,488
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Revenues
$15,520
 
$17,281
 
$5,470
 
$5,751
Earnings from operations
$1,670
 
$1,443
 
$559
 
$564
Operating margins10.8% 8.4% 10.2% 9.8%
Since our operating cycle is long-term and involves many different types of development and production contracts with varying delivery and milestone schedules, the operating results of a particular year, or year-to-year comparisons of revenues, earnings and backlogperiod may not be indicative of future operating results. In addition, depending on the customer and their funding sources, our orders might be structured as annual follow-on contracts, or as one large multi-year order or long-term award. As a result, period-to-period comparisons of backlog are not necessarily indicative of future workloads. The following discussions of comparative results among periods should be viewed in this context.

Deliveries of units for new-build production aircraft, including remanufactures and modifications, were as follows:
Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016 2015
 2016 20152017 2016 2017 2016
F/A-18 Models20 28
 6 818 20 6 6
F-15 Models11 8
 4 311 11 4 4
C-17 Globemaster III4 5
 0 2
 4 
 
CH-47 Chinook (New)17 35
 7 146 17 2 7
CH-47 Chinook (Renewed)23 6
 7 128 23 9 7
AH-64 Apache (New)25 18
 10 68 25 3 10
AH-64 Apache (Remanufactured)27 33
 9 1043 27 15 9
P-8 Models13 10
 4 414 13 5 4
C-40A
 1
 
 
Total140 144
 47 48128 140 44 47
Revenues
BDS revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased2017 decreased by $35$1,761 million compared with the same period in 20152016 primarily due to higher revenuesfewer C-17 deliveries and the mix of $925 million indeliveries on the GS&S segment,Apache and F-15 programs. The decrease was partially offset by lower revenues of $551 million and $339 million in the N&SS and BMA segments.higher volume on various weapons programs.
BDS revenues for the three months ended September 30, 20162017 decreased by $842$281 million compared with the same period in 20152016. The decrease was primarily due to lower revenues of $777 millionrelated to KC-46A Tanker program milestones and $426 million indelivery mix on the BMAChinook, Apache and N&SS segments,F-15 programs, partially offset by higher revenues of $361 million in the GS&S segment.volume on various weapons programs.
Earnings From Operations
BDS earnings from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2016decreased2017 increased by $112$227 million compared with the same period in 20152016 primarily due to lower earningscharges on the KC-46A Tanker and Commercial Crew programs, which more than offset the impact of $227fewer C-17 deliveries and Apache delivery mix. BDS recorded charges related to the KC-46A Tanker program of $97 million and $287 million in the N&SS segment, partially offset by higher earningsnine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. BDS recorded a charge of $69$162 million and $46 millionon the Commercial Crew program in the BMA and GS&S segments.nine months ended September 30, 2016.

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BDS earnings from operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $238 million compared2017 remained largely consistent with the same period in 20152016. Third quarter 2017 includes a $73 million charge on the KC-46A Tanker program and third quarter 2016 includes a charge of $162 million on the Commercial Crew program. Lower 2017 revenues and earnings from United Launch Alliance (ULA) also contributed to the year over year change.
BDS earnings from operations include equity earnings of $151 million and $38 million for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $177 million and $53 million for the same periods in 2016 primarily from our ULA joint venture.
Backlog
Total backlog increased from $44,825 million at December 31, 2016 to $45,852 million as of September 30, 2017 primarily due to lower earnings of $210 millioncurrent year contract awards for the Apache and $60 million in the N&SS and BMA segments,weapons programs, partially offset by higher earnings of $32 millionrevenue recognized on contracts awarded in the GS&S segment.
Backlog
BDS total backlog was $53,023 million at September 30, 2016, reflecting a decrease of 8% from December 31, 2015. For further details on the changes between periods, refer to the discussions of the individual segments below.prior years.
Additional Considerations
Our BDS business includes a variety of development programs which have complex design and technical challenges. Many of these programs have cost-type contracting arrangements. In these cases, the associated financial risks are primarily in reduced fees, lower profit rates or program cancellation if cost, schedule or technical performance issues arise. Examples of these programs include Ground-based Midcourse Defense (GMD), Proprietary and Space Launch System (SLS) programs.
Some of our development programs are contracted on a fixed-price basis. Many of these programs have highly complex designs. As technical or quality issues arise during development, we may experience schedule delays and cost impacts, which could increase our estimated cost to perform the work or reduce our estimated price, either of which could result in a material charge or otherwise adversely affect our financial condition. These programs are ongoing, and while we believe the cost and fee estimates incorporated in the financial statements are appropriate, the

technical complexity of these programs creates financial risk as additional completion costs may become necessary or scheduled delivery dates could be extended, which could trigger termination provisions, the loss of satellite in-orbit incentive payments, or other financially significant exposure. These programs have risk for reach-forward losses if our estimated costs exceed our estimated contract revenues. Examples of significant fixed-price development programs include Saudi F-15, USAF KC-46A Tanker, Commercial Crew and commercial and military satellites.
Revenue and cost estimates for all significant contracts are reviewed and reassessed quarterly. Changes in these estimates could result in recognition of cumulative catch-up adjustments to the contract’s inception-to-date revenues, cost of sales and profit, in the period in which such changes are made. Changes in revenue and cost estimates could also result in a reach-forward loss or an adjustment to a reach-forward loss, which would be recorded immediately in earnings. For the nine and three months ended September 30, 2016, net unfavorableNet cumulative catch-up adjustments to prior years' earnings, including reach-forward losses, across all BDS contracts decreased Earnings from operations by $127 million and $56 million. For the nine months and three months ended September 30, 2015 netwere as follows:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30
 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Increase/(Decrease) to Earnings from Operations$182
 $(289) (68) $(69)
Net favorable cumulative catch-upcontract adjustments, including reach-forward losses, across all BDS contracts increased Earnings from operations by $129 million and $210 million.
Boeing Military Aircraft
Results of Operations
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
Revenues
$9,898
 
$10,237
 
$3,260
 
$4,037
Earnings from operations
$943
 
$874
 
$434
 
$494
Operating margins9.5% 8.5% 13.3% 12.2%
(Dollars in millions)September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

Contractual backlog
$20,769
 
$19,947
Unobligated backlog3,793
 7,141
Revenues
BMA revenues forin the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $339 million compared with the same period in 20152017 were primarily due to lower revenues of $720 million related to fewer C-17 deliveriesvertical lift and timing and mix of deliveries on the CH-47 Chinook and F/A-18 programs. These decreases were partially offset by higher volume on the JDAM and Harpoon programs as well as timing and mix of deliveries on the F-15 program.
BMA revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $777 million compared with the same period in 2015 primarily due to lower revenues of $932 million related to fewer C-17 deliveries and the absence of a cumulative catch-up adjustment recorded in the third quarter of 2015 resulting from F-15 contract negotiations. These decreases were partially offset by higher revenues related to timing and mix of deliveries on the Apache program.
Earnings From Operations
BMA earnings from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $69 million compared with the same period in 2015 primarily due to higher volume and mix on the F-15 and Apache programs and lower spending on proprietary programs, partially offset by lower volume and mix on the CH-47 Chinook and C-17 programs.KC-46A Tanker charges. Net unfavorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments were $141 million higher in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 than in the same period in 2015 primarily driven by the absence of favorable F-15 program adjustments recorded in the third quarter of 2015.

BMA earnings from operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $60 million compared with the same period in 2015were primarily due to fewer C-17 deliveries. Net favorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments were $111 million lower in the three months ended September 30, 2016 than in the same period in 2015 primarily driven by the absence of favorable F-15 program adjustments recorded in the third quarter of 2015.
Backlog
BMA total backlog of $24,562 million at September 30, 2016 decreased by 9% from December 31, 2015, reflecting revenue recognized on contracts awarded in prior years, partially offset by current year contract awards for the Apache, P-8KC-46A Tanker and weapons programs.
Additional Considerations
F/A-18 See the discussions of the F/A-18 program in Note 8 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.Commercial Crew charges.
KC-46A Tanker See the discussion of the KC-46A Tanker program on page 35.34.
Network & Space Systems
Results of Operations
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
Revenues
$5,246
 
$5,797
 
$1,701
 
$2,127
Earnings from operations
$336
 
$563
 
$35
 
$245
Operating margins6.4% 9.7% 2.1% 11.5%
(Dollars in millions)September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

Contractual backlog
$6,517
 
$7,368
Unobligated backlog7,289
 4,979
Revenues
N&SS revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $551 million compared with the same period in 2015 primarily due to lower revenue related to the Commercial Crew program, lower milestone revenue on government satellite programs, and lower volume on proprietary and Electronic and Information Solutions (E&IS) programs, partially offset by higher volume on the SLS program.
N&SS revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreasedby $426 million compared with the same period in 2015 due to lower revenues on the Commercial Crew program, lower volume on proprietary programs, and lower milestone revenue on commercial satellite programs.
Lower revenues on the Commercial Crew program for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2016 were largely driven by unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments.
Earnings From Operations
N&SS earnings from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $227 million compared with the same period in 2015 primarily due to a charge of $162 million on the Commercial Crew program, partially offset by higher earnings related to our United Launch Alliance (ULA) joint venture. Net unfavorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments were $132 million higher in the nine months ended

September 30, 2016 than in the same period in 2015 primarily reflecting the charge on the Commercial Crew program during the three months ended September 30, 2016.
N&SS earnings from operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $210 million compared with the same period in 2015. This was primarily due to a Commercial Crew charge of $162 million, largely driven by delays in completion of engineering and supply chain activities, and includes $124 million reversal of cumulative earnings recorded in prior periods and $38 million reach-forward loss. Net unfavorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments, including reach-forward losses, were $143 million higher in the three months ended September 30, 2016 than in the same period in 2015 primarily reflecting the charge on the Commercial Crew program.
N&SS earnings from operations include equity earnings of $182 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to $140 million for the same period in 2015 primarily from our ULA joint venture, primarily due to launch timing and favorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments.
Backlog
N&SS total backlog of $13,806 million at September 30, 2016 increased by 12% compared to December 31, 2015 primarily due to current year contract awards for SLS, missile defense, and government satellite programs offset by revenue recognized on contracts awarded in prior years.
Additional Considerations
United Launch Alliance See the discussion of Indemnifications to ULA and Financing Commitments in Notes 4, 8 and 9 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Sea Launch See the discussion of the Sea Launch receivables in Note 7 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Commercial Crew See the discussion of Fixed-Price Development Contracts in Note 8 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Global Services & Support
Results of Operations
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
Revenues
$7,494
 
$6,569
 
$2,547
 
$2,186
Earnings from operations
$920
 
$874
 
$315
 
$283
Operating margins12.3% 13.3% 12.4% 12.9%
(Dollars in millions)September 30
2016


December 31
2015

Contractual backlog
$12,841
 
$17,872
Unobligated backlog1,814
 368
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30Three months ended September 30

2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Revenues
$10,638
 
$10,508
 
$3,568
 
$3,506
Earnings from operations
$1,639
 
$1,609
 
$506
 
$524
Operating margins15.4% 15.3% 14.2% 14.9%
Revenues
GS&SBGS revenues for the nine and three months ended September 30, 20162017 increased by $925$130 million and $62 million compared with the same periodperiods in 20152016 primarily due to higher volume in several Aircraft Modernization & Sustainment (AM&S), Training Systems & Government Services (TSGS), and Integrated Logistics (IL) programs.
GS&Scommercial parts revenues, for the three months ended September 30, 2016 increasedpartially offset by $361 million compared with the same period in 2015 primarily due to higher volume in several AM&S, TSGS, and IL programs.

lower government services revenues.
Earnings From Operations
GS&SBGS earnings from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 increased by $46$30 million compared with the same period in 20152016, primarily due to higher volume and performance in several AM&S programs, partially offset by lower performance on several IL programs. Net favorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments were $17 million higher in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 than in the same period in 2015 primarily driven by higher favorable adjustments on the C-17 support programs.
GS&S earningsrevenues. Earnings from operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 increased $322017 decreased by $18 million compared with the same period in 20152016, primarily due to unfavorable mix more than offsetting higher volume andrevenues. Operating margin of 14.2% during the three months ended September 30, 2017 primarily reflects an unfavorable mix in several AM&S programs. of commercial parts.
Net favorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments were $12 million lower infor the nine and three months ended September 30, 2016 than in2017, were $9 million lower and $9 million higher, compared with the same periodperiods in 2015.2016.
Backlog
GS&SBGS total backlog was $14,655increased from $15,631 million as of December 31, 2016 to $16,251 million at September 30, 2016, reflecting a decrease of 20% from December 31, 20152017, primarily due to revenuescurrent year contract awards including C-17, F-15, and Apache support programs, partially offset by revenue recognized on contracts awarded in prior years, partially offset by current year contract awards including F/A-18 and C-17 support programs.years.
Boeing Capital
Results of Operations
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Revenues
$211
 
$315
 
$63
 
$114

$234
 
$211
 
$70
 
$63
Earnings from operations
$36
 
$41
 
$13
 
$10

$87
 
$36
 
$23
 
$13
Operating margins17% 13% 21% 9%37% 17% 33% 21%
Revenues
Boeing Capital (BCC) segment revenues consist principally of lease income from equipment under operating lease, interest income from financing receivables and notes, and other income. BCC’s revenues for the nine

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and three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased by $104$23 million and $51$7 million compared with the same periods in 20152016 primarily due to lower leasehigher interest income and lower end of lease settlement payments.driven by a larger portfolio during 2017.
Earnings From Operations
BCC’s earnings from operations are presented net of interest expense, provision for (recovery of) losses, asset impairment expense, depreciation on leased equipment and other operating expenses. Earnings from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 increased by $51 million compared with the same period in 2016, primarily due to lower impairment expenses and higher revenues. Earnings from operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased by $5 million and increased $3$10 million compared with the same periodsperiod in 2015,2016, primarily due to lower revenues, partially offset by lower asset impairment expense.

higher revenues.
Financial Position
The following table presents selected financial data for BCC:
(Dollars in millions)September 30
2016

 December 31
2015

September 30
2017

 December 31
2016

Customer financing and investment portfolio, net
$3,660
 
$3,449

$3,366
 
$4,109
Other assets, primarily cash and short-term investments237
 480
1,191
 346
Total assets
$3,897
 
$3,929

$4,557
 
$4,455
      
Other liabilities, primarily deferred income taxes
$977
 
$1,099

$923
 
$1,007
Debt, including intercompany loans2,421
 2,355
3,028
 2,864
Equity499
 475
606
 584
Total liabilities and equity
$3,897
 
$3,929

$4,557
 
$4,455
      
Debt-to-equity ratio4.9-to-1
 5.0-to-1
5.0-to-1
 4.9-to-1
BCC’s customer financing and investment portfolio at September 30, 2016 increased2017 decreased from December 31, 20152016 primarily due to new volume$938 million of $919 million more than offsettingasset sales, note payoffs, asset sales and portfolio run-off.
run-off, partially offset by new volume. BCC enters into certain transactions with Boeing, reflected in Unallocated items, eliminations and other, in the form of intercompany guarantees and other subsidies that mitigate the effects of certain credit quality or asset impairment issues on the BCC segment.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flow Summary
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30
2016
 2015
2017
 2016
Net earnings
$3,264
 
$4,150

$5,065
 
$3,264
Non-cash items1,793
 1,702
1,907
 1,793
Changes in working capital2,610
 392
3,468
 2,610
Net cash provided by operating activities7,667
 6,244
10,440
 7,667
Net cash used by investing activities(1,964) (965)(1,636) (1,964)
Net cash used by financing activities(8,013) (7,609)(9,109) (8,013)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(6) (20)73
 (6)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(2,316) (2,350)(232) (2,316)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year11,302
 11,733
8,801
 11,302
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$8,986
 
$9,383

$8,569
 
$8,986
Operating Activities Net cash provided by operating activities was $7.7$10.4 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 20162017, compared with $6.2$7.7 billion induring the same period in 2015, an2016. The increase of 1.5 billion. The year-over-year improvementwas primarily reflects lower expenditures on commercial airplane programdriven by changes in working capital with higher advances more than offsetting inventory primarily 787.increases. Advances and progress billings balances decreasedincreased by $1.8$5.2 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and decreased by $1.8 billion during the same period in 2016. Gross inventories increased by $2.3 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, driven by continued investment in commercial airplane program inventory. Gross inventories decreased by $4.7 billion during the same period in 2016, primarily driven by the reclassification of 787 flight test aircraft and reach-forward losses recorded on our 747 program which did not affect 2016 operating cash flows.
Required pension contributions under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, as well as rules governing funding of our non-US pension plans, are expected to be minimal in 2017. During the third quarter of 2017, we contributed 14.4 million shares of our common stock with an aggregate value of $3.5 billion and $0.5 billion in cash to our pension plans. These contributions exceed our previously announced plan to contribute approximately $0.5 billion to our pension plans in 2017.
Investing Activities Cash used by investing activities was $2.0$1.6 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 20162017, compared with $1.0$2.0 billion during the same period in 2015, largely due to lower net proceeds2016. In the nine months ended September 30, 2017, capital expenditures totaled $1.3 billion, down from investments$2.0 billion during the same period in time deposits.2016. We expect capital expenditures in 20162017 to be higherlower than 2015 due to continued investment to support growth.2016.

Financing Activities Cash used by financing activities was $9.1 billion, compared with $8.0 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with $7.6 billion in the same period in 2015, primarily due to higher share repurchases and dividend payments, partially offset by higher new borrowings and lower debt repayments.2016. During the nine months ended September 30, 20162017, we issued $1.3$0.9 billion of debt compared with $0.8$1.3 billion duringin the same period in 2015. 2016.
At September 30, 2016,2017, the recorded balance of debt was $10.5$10.8 billion, of which $0.6$1.0 billion was classified as short-term. This includes $2.4 billion of debtDebt, including intercompany loans, attributable to BCC the vast majoritytotaled $3.0 billion, of which $1.1 billion was classified as long-term.short-term.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2016,2017 we repurchased 51.439.5 million shares totaling $6.5$7.5 billion through our open market share repurchase program. In addition, $0.70.7 million shares were transferred to us from employees for tax withholdings. At September 30, 2016,2017, the amount available under the share repurchase plan, announced on December 14, 2015,12, 2016, totaled $7.5 billion.$6.5 billion.
Capital Resources We have substantial borrowing capacity. Any future borrowings may affect our credit ratings and are subject to various debt covenants as described below. We have a commercial paper program that continues to serve as a significant potential source of short-term liquidity. Throughout the nine months

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ended September 30, 2016,2017, we had no commercial paper borrowings outstanding. Currently, we have $5.0 billion of unused borrowing capacity on revolving credit line agreements. We anticipate that these credit lines will primarily serve as backup liquidity to support our general corporate borrowing needs.
Financing commitments totaled $17.4$13.1 billion and $16.3$14.8 billion at September 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015.2016. We anticipate that we will not be required to fund a significant portion of our financing commitments as we continue to work with third party financiers to provide alternative financing to customers. Historically, we have not been required to fund significant amounts of outstanding commitments. However, there can be no assurances that we will not be required to fund greater amounts than historically required. In addition, many of our non-U.S. customers finance aircraft purchases through the Export-Import Bank of the United States. Following the expiration of the bank’s charter on June 30, 2015, the bank’s charter was reauthorized in December 2015. The bank is now authorized through September 30, 2019. However, until the U.S. Senate confirms members sufficient to reconstitute a quorum of the bank’s board of directors, the bank will not be able to approve any transaction totaling more than $10 million. As a result, we may fund additional commitments and/or enter into new financing arrangements with customers.
In the event we require additional funding to support strategic business opportunities, our commercial aircraft financing commitments, unfavorable resolution of litigation or other loss contingencies, or other business requirements, we expect to meet increased funding requirements by issuing commercial paper or term debt.
We believe our ability to access external capital resources should be sufficient to satisfy existing short-term and long-term commitments and plans, and also to provide adequate financial flexibility to take advantage of potential strategic business opportunities should they arise within the next year. However, there can be no assurance of the cost or availability of future borrowings, if any, under our commercial paper program, in the debt markets or our credit facilities.
At September 30, 2016,2017, we were in compliance with the covenants for our debt and credit facilities. The most restrictive covenants include a limitation on mortgage debt and sale and leaseback transactions as a percentage of consolidated net tangible assets (as defined in the credit agreements), and a limitation on consolidated debt as a percentage of total capital (as defined). When considering debt covenants, we continue to have substantial borrowing capacity.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We are a party to certain off-balance sheet arrangements including certain guarantees. For discussion of these arrangements, see Note 9 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Contingent Obligations
We have significant contingent obligations that arise in the ordinary course of business, which include the following:
Legal Various legal proceedings, claims and investigations are pending against us. Legal contingencies are discussed in Note 16 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Environmental Remediation We are involved with various environmental remediation activities and have recorded a liability of $576543 million at September 30, 20162017. For additional information, see Note 8 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Income Taxes As of September 30, 2016, we have $1,378 million of unrecognized tax benefits for uncertain tax positions. For further discussion of income taxes, see Note 3 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Non-GAAP Measures
Core Operating Earnings, Core Operating Margin and Core Earnings Per Share
Our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (GAAP) which we supplement with certain non-GAAP financial information. These non-GAAP measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the related GAAP measures, and other companies may define such measures

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differently. We encourage investors to review our financial statements and publicly-filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure. Core operating earnings, core operating margin and core earnings per share exclude the impact of certain pension and other postretirement benefit expenses that are not allocated to business segments. Pension costs, comprising service and prior service costs computed in accordance with GAAP are allocated to Commercial Airplanes.BCA and certain BGS businesses supporting commercial customers. Pension costs allocated to BDS segmentsand BGS businesses supporting government customers are computed in accordance with U.S. Government Cost Accounting Standards (CAS), which employ different actuarial assumptions and accounting conventions than GAAP. CAS costs are allocable to government contracts. Other postretirement benefit costs are allocated to all business segments based on CAS, which is generally based on benefits paid. The unallocated pension costs recognized in earnings was a benefit of $129$808 million and $50$275 million for the nine and three months ended September 30, 20162017 compared with an expense of $293$129 million and $84$50 million for the same periods in 2015.2016. The 2016higher 2017 benefit reflects the difference between the higher segment allocation compared to the U.S. GAAP net periodic pension costs recognized in earnings in the current period. The 2015 unallocated expense reflects the amortization of pension costsbenefits capitalized as inventory in prior years.
For further discussion of pension and other postretirement costs see the Management’s Discussion and Analysis on page 3332 of this Form 10-Q and on page 46 of our 20152016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Management uses core operating earnings, core operating margin and core earnings per share for purposes of evaluating and forecasting underlying business performance. Management believes these core earnings measures provide investors additional insights into operational performance as unallocated pension and other postretirement benefit cost, primarily represent costs driven by market factors and costs not allocable to U.S. government contracts.

Reconciliation of GAAP Measures to Non-GAAP Measures
The table below reconciles the non-GAAP financial measures of core operating earnings, core operating margin and core earnings per share with the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures of earnings from operations, operating margins and diluted earnings per share.
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30 Three months ended September 30

2016
 2015
 2016
 2015
2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Revenues
$71,285
 
$72,541
 
$23,898
 
$25,849

$68,024
 
$71,285
 
$24,309
 
$23,898
Earnings from operations, as reported
$3,651
 
$6,282
 
$2,282
 
$2,580

$7,248
 
$3,651
 
$2,689
 
$2,282
Operating margins5.1% 8.7% 9.5% 10.0%10.7% 5.1% 11.1% 9.5%
              
Unallocated pension (income)/expense
($129) 
$293
 
($50) 
$84
Unallocated pension income
($808) 
($129) 
($275) 
($50)
Unallocated other postretirement benefit income
($122) 
($93) 
($38) 
($27)
($146) 
($122) 
($41) 
($38)
Unallocated pension and other postretirement benefit income/(expense)
($251) 
$200
 
($88) 
$57
Unallocated pension and other postretirement benefit income
($954) 
($251) 
($316) 
($88)
Core operating earnings (non-GAAP)
$3,400
 
$6,482
 
$2,194
 
$2,637

$6,294
 
$3,400
 
$2,373
 
$2,194
Core operating margins (non-GAAP)4.8% 8.9% 9.2% 10.2%9.3% 4.8% 9.8% 9.2%
              
Diluted earnings per share, as reported
$5.04
 
$5.92
 
$3.60
 
$2.47

$8.27
 
$5.04
 
$3.06
 
$3.60
Unallocated pension (income)/expense(0.20) 0.42
 (0.08) 0.12
Unallocated pension benefit income(1.31) (0.20) (0.45) (0.08)
Unallocated other postretirement benefit income(0.19) (0.13) (0.06) (0.04)(0.24) (0.19) (0.07) (0.06)
Provision for deferred income taxes on
adjustments (1)

$0.14
 
($0.10) 
$0.05
 
($0.03)
$0.54
 
$0.14
 
$0.18
 
$0.05
Core earnings per share (non-GAAP)
$4.79
 
$6.11
 
$3.51
 
$2.52

$7.26
 
$4.79
 
$2.72
 
$3.51
              
Weighted average diluted shares (in millions)647.9
 700.9
 632.7
 689.0
612.8
 647.9
 606.3
 632.7
(1) 
The income tax impact is calculated using the tax rate in effect for the non-GAAP adjustments.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There have been no significant changes to our market risk since December 31, 2015.2016.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
(a)Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 20162017 and have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b)Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
There were no changes that occurred during the third quarter of 20162017 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II. Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Currently, we are involved in a number of legal proceedings. For a discussion of contingencies related to legal proceedings, see Note 16 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.2016.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table provides information about purchases we made during the quarter ended September 30, 20162017 of equity securities that are registered by us pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act:
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
 (a) (b) (c) (d)
 
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)

 
Average
Price
Paid per
Share

 
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs

 
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares That
May Yet be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (2)

7/1/2016 thru 7/31/20163,815,106
 
$131.43
 3,804,589
 
$8,000
8/1/2016 thru 8/31/20163,759,466
 133.23
 3,753,417
 7,500
9/1/2016 thru 9/30/201613,965
 129.36
 

 7,500
Total7,588,537
 
$132.32
 7,558,006
  
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
 (a) (b) (c) (d)
 
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)

 
Average
Price
Paid per
Share

 
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs

 
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares That
May Yet be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (2)

7/1/2017 thru 7/31/20174,056,347
 
$207.19
 4,049,851
 
$8,161
8/1/2017 thru 8/31/20174,553,046
 237.72
 4,541,252
 7,082
9/1/2017 thru 9/30/20172,417,856
 241.21
 2,410,417
 6,501
Total11,027,249
 
$227.25
 11,001,520
  
(1) 
We purchased an aggregate of 7,558,00611,001,520 shares of our common stock in the open market pursuant to our repurchase program and 30,53225,729 shares transferred to us from employees in satisfaction of minimum tax withholding obligations associated with the vesting of restricted stock units during the period. We did not purchase shares in swap transactions.
(2) 
On December 14, 2015,12, 2016, we announced a new repurchase plan for up to $14 billion of common stock, replacing the plan previously authorized in 2014.2015.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Not applicable.

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Item 6. Exhibits
3.2
  
1010.1Non-Employee Director Compensation.

  
12
  
15
  
31(i)31.1
  
31(ii)31.2
  
32(i)32.1
  
32(ii)32.2
  
101.INSXBRL Instance Document.Document
  
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.Document
  
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.Document
  
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.Document
  
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.Document
  
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.Document


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Signature
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
  THE BOEING COMPANY
  (Registrant)
   
   
   
   
October 26, 201625, 2017 /s/ Robert E. Verbeck
(Date) Robert E. Verbeck – Senior Vice President, Finance and Corporate Controller

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