UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 1-5828

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)


Delaware		23-0458500
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1735 Market Street, 15th Floor
Philadelphia,	Pennsylvania	19103
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

610-208-2000

(~~Registrant’s~~Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Common Stock, $5 Par Value

CRS

New York Stock Exchange

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of ~~“large~~"large accelerated filer,~~” “accelerated~~" "accelerated filer,~~” “smaller~~" "smaller reporting ~~company”~~company" and ~~“emerging~~"emerging growth ~~company”~~company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares outstanding of the ~~issuer’s~~issuer's common stock as of ~~April~~January 26, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~48,032,384.~~48,269,470.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q

INDEX


			Page
PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

	Item 1	Financial Statements

		Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) as of December ~~March~~ ~~31, 202~~3 1 , 2021 and June 30, ~~2020~~2021	2

		Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) for the Three and ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~March~~December ~~31, 202~~3 1 , 2021 and 2 ~~020~~2020	3

		Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive ~~(Loss) Income~~ Loss (unaudited) for the Three and Six ~~Nine~~Months Ended ~~March~~ December ~~31, 202~~ 3 1 , 2021 and 20 202020	4

		Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~March~~December ~~31, 202~~3 1 , 2021 and 20 202020	5

		Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (unaudited) for the Three and Six ~~Nine~~Months Ended ~~March~~December ~~31, 202~~3 1 , 2021 and 20 202020	6

		Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	8

	Item 2	~~Management’s~~Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	30

	Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	5352

	Item 4	Controls and Procedures	5453

PART II	OTHER INFORMATION

	Item 1	Legal Proceedings	5453

	Item 1A	Risk Factors	5453

	Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	5453

	Item 6	Exhibits	5554

		Signature	5655

Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)


($ in millions, except share data)	($ in millions, except share data)	March 31, 2021		June 30, 2020		($ in millions, except share data)	December 31, 2021		June 30, 2021
ASSETS	ASSETS					ASSETS
Current assets:	Current assets:					Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	244.2	$	193.1	Cash and cash equivalents	$	96.9	$	287.4
Accounts receivable, net	Accounts receivable, net	279.2		292.3		Accounts receivable, net	307.0		308.7
Inventories	Inventories	535.5		724.3		Inventories	534.7		425.7

Other current assets	Other current assets	91.5		56.6		Other current assets	105.7		95.6
Total current assets	Total current assets	1,150.4		1,266.3		Total current assets	1,044.3		1,117.4
Property, plant and equipment, net	Property, plant and equipment, net	1,306.7		1,351.1		Property, plant and equipment, net	1,429.6		1,457.5
Goodwill	Goodwill	241.4		290.4		Goodwill	241.4		241.4
Other intangibles, net	Other intangibles, net	44.9		52.1		Other intangibles, net	39.5		43.1
Deferred income taxes	Deferred income taxes	5.0		4.9		Deferred income taxes	5.6		5.3
Other assets	Other assets	262.6		262.4		Other assets	119.5		106.5
Total assets	Total assets	$	3,011.0	$	3,227.2	Total assets	$	2,879.9	$	2,971.2

LIABILITIES	LIABILITIES					LIABILITIES
Current liabilities:	Current liabilities:					Current liabilities:
Short-term credit agreement borrowings		$	0	$	170.0

Accounts payable	Accounts payable	135.1		124.2		Accounts payable	$	170.3	$	142.4
Accrued liabilities	Accrued liabilities	134.2		157.9		Accrued liabilities	124.0		163.9

Total current liabilities	Total current liabilities	269.3		452.1		Total current liabilities	294.3		306.3
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	694.3		551.8		Long-term debt	695.0		694.5
Accrued pension liabilities	Accrued pension liabilities	281.2		399.5		Accrued pension liabilities	213.1		222.6
Accrued postretirement benefits	Accrued postretirement benefits	138.5		137.4		Accrued postretirement benefits	97.4		98.6
Deferred income taxes	Deferred income taxes	150.2		130.2		Deferred income taxes	141.3		156.9
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	96.3		110.5		Other liabilities	105.7		100.0
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	1,629.8		1,781.5		Total liabilities	1,546.8		1,578.9

Contingencies and commitments (see Note 12)		0		0
Contingencies and commitments (see Note 11)						Contingencies and commitments (see Note 11)	0		0

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock — authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued 56,017,673 shares at March 31, 2021 and 56,012,748 shares at June 30, 2020; outstanding 48,032,334 shares at March 31, 2021 and 47,850,468 shares at June 30, 2020		280.1		280.1
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY						STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common stock — authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued 56,024,619 shares at December 31, 2021 and 56,024,619 shares at June 30, 2021; outstanding 48,268,872 shares at December 31, 2021 and 48,040,676 shares at June 30, 2021						Common stock — authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued 56,024,619 shares at December 31, 2021 and 56,024,619 shares at June 30, 2021; outstanding 48,268,872 shares at December 31, 2021 and 48,040,676 shares at June 30, 2021	280.1		280.1
Capital in excess of par value	Capital in excess of par value	319.4		321.4		Capital in excess of par value	315.9		322.6
Reinvested earnings	Reinvested earnings	1,366.2		1,568.0		Reinvested earnings	1,235.5		1,299.3
Common stock in treasury (7,985,339 shares and 8,162,280 shares at March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2020, respectively), at cost		(317.5)		(325.8)
Common stock in treasury (7,755,747 shares and 7,983,943 shares at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021, respectively), at cost						Common stock in treasury (7,755,747 shares and 7,983,943 shares at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021, respectively), at cost	(308.0)		(317.4)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(267.0)		(398.0)		Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(190.4)		(192.3)
Total stockholders' equity	Total stockholders' equity	1,381.2		1,445.7		Total stockholders' equity	1,333.1		1,392.3
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	3,011.0	$	3,227.2	Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	2,879.9	$	2,971.2

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions, except per share data)	(in millions, except per share data)	2021		2020		2021		2020			(in millions, except per share data)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net sales	Net sales	$	351.9	$	585.4	$	1,054.0	$	1,743.8		Net sales	$	396.0	$	348.8	$	783.6	$	702.1
Cost of sales	Cost of sales	336.5		475.9		1,029.1		1,409.0			Cost of sales	382.9		342.8		745.3		692.6
Cost of sales - inventory write-downs from restructuring		2.6		0		2.6		0

Gross profit	Gross profit	12.8		109.5		22.3		334.8			Gross profit	13.1		6.0		38.3		9.5

Selling, general and administrative expenses	Selling, general and administrative expenses	47.8		50.8		132.3		159.0			Selling, general and administrative expenses	44.6		42.2		88.9		84.5
Restructuring and asset impairment charges	Restructuring and asset impairment charges	5.0		0		15.0		2.3			Restructuring and asset impairment charges	—		—		—		10.0
Goodwill impairment	Goodwill impairment	0		0		52.8		0			Goodwill impairment	—		52.8		—		52.8
Operating (loss) income		(40.0)		58.7		(177.8)		173.5
Operating loss											Operating loss	(31.5)		(89.0)		(50.6)		(137.8)

Interest expense, net	Interest expense, net	(8.9)		(4.9)		(23.5)		(15.6)			Interest expense, net	10.1		7.9		20.3		14.6
Debt extinguishment losses, net	Debt extinguishment losses, net	0		0		(8.2)		0			Debt extinguishment losses, net	—		—		—		8.2
Other expense, net		(8.3)		(3.9)		(9.4)		(3.4)
Other (income) expense, net											Other (income) expense, net	(6.6)		(1.3)		(10.7)		1.1

(Loss) income before income taxes		(57.2)		49.9		(218.9)		154.5
Income tax (benefit) expense		(16.7)		10.0		(46.4)		34.6
Loss before income taxes											Loss before income taxes	(35.0)		(95.6)		(60.2)		(161.7)
Income tax benefit											Income tax benefit	(5.6)		(10.7)		(16.1)		(29.7)

Net (loss) income		$	(40.5)	$	39.9	$	(172.5)	$	119.9
Net loss											Net loss	$	(29.4)	$	(84.9)	$	(44.1)	$	(132.0)

(LOSS) EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:
LOSS PER COMMON SHARE:											LOSS PER COMMON SHARE:
Basic	Basic	$	(0.84)	$	0.82	$	(3.58)	$	2.47		Basic	$	(0.61)	$	(1.76)	$	(0.91)	$	(2.74)
Diluted	Diluted	$	(0.84)	$	0.82	$	(3.58)	$	2.46		Diluted	$	(0.61)	$	(1.76)	$	(0.91)	$	(2.74)

WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING:	WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING:										WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING:
Basic	Basic	48.3		48.1		48.3		48.0			Basic	48.6		48.3		48.5		48.3
Diluted	Diluted	48.3		48.3		48.3		48.4			Diluted	48.6		48.3		48.5		48.3

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE ~~INCOME (LOSS)~~LOSS

(Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020			($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net (loss) income		$	(40.5)	$	39.9	$	(172.5)	$	119.9
Net loss											Net loss	$	(29.4)	$	(84.9)	$	(44.1)	$	(132.0)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax										Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

Pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax of $(31.5), $(0.9), $(33.8) and $(3.1), respectively		98.1		3.1		105.3		9.1
Net gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net of tax of $(0.5), $2.8, $(4.7) and $0.4, respectively		1.7		(8.9)		14.9		(1.3)
Pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax of $(0.4), $(1.1), $(0.8) and $(2.2), respectively											Pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax of $(0.4), $(1.1), $(0.8) and $(2.2), respectively	0.8		3.6		1.9		7.2
Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax of $(0.5), $(1.6), $(0.9) and $(4.3), respectively											Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax of $(0.5), $(1.6), $(0.9) and $(4.3), respectively	1.7		4.9		2.8		13.2

Foreign currency translation	Foreign currency translation	(3.7)		(13.2)		10.8		(11.3)			Foreign currency translation	(0.7)		8.8		(2.8)		14.5
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		96.1		(19.0)		131.0		(3.5)
Comprehensive income (loss)		$	55.6	$	20.9	$	(41.5)	$	116.4
Other comprehensive income, net of tax											Other comprehensive income, net of tax	1.8		17.3		1.9		34.9
Comprehensive loss											Comprehensive loss	$	(27.6)	$	(67.6)	$	(42.2)	$	(97.1)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


		Nine Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020		($ in millions)	2021		2020
OPERATING ACTIVITIES	OPERATING ACTIVITIES					OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net (loss) income		$	(172.5)	$	119.9
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided from operating activities:
Debt extinguishment losses, net		8.2		0
Net loss						Net loss	$	(44.1)	$	(132.0)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used for) provided from operating activities:						Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used for) provided from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	91.6		92.2		Depreciation and amortization	65.3		59.6
Goodwill impairment charge						Goodwill impairment charge	—		52.8

Non-cash restructuring and asset impairment charges	Non-cash restructuring and asset impairment charges	13.6		1.5		Non-cash restructuring and asset impairment charges	—		8.7
Debt extinguishment losses, net						Debt extinguishment losses, net	—		8.2
Deferred income taxes	Deferred income taxes	(19.3)		7.0		Deferred income taxes	(17.6)		(10.1)
Net pension expense		20.3		11.5
Goodwill impairment charge		52.8		0
Non-cash inventory write-downs from restructuring		2.6		0
Net pension (income) expense						Net pension (income) expense	(3.6)		8.1
Share-based compensation expense	Share-based compensation expense	7.8		12.4		Share-based compensation expense	5.6		5.4
Net loss on disposals of property, plant and equipment and assets held for sale		0.1		0
Net loss on disposals of property, plant and equipment						Net loss on disposals of property, plant and equipment	0.2		0.1

Changes in working capital and other:	Changes in working capital and other:					Changes in working capital and other:
Accounts receivable	Accounts receivable	13.8		7.6		Accounts receivable	—		64.2
Inventories	Inventories	181.9		(85.2)		Inventories	(109.8)		155.8
Other current assets	Other current assets	(33.4)		(5.2)		Other current assets	(7.4)		(26.8)
Accounts payable	Accounts payable	18.2		(26.9)		Accounts payable	26.9		(13.1)
Accrued liabilities	Accrued liabilities	3.8		(33.4)		Accrued liabilities	(42.9)		(3.1)
Pension plan contributions	Pension plan contributions	(10.9)		(4.9)		Pension plan contributions	(0.2)		(4.7)
Other postretirement plan contributions	Other postretirement plan contributions	(1.6)		(2.7)		Other postretirement plan contributions	(1.9)		(1.2)

Other, net	Other, net	(1.6)		1.1		Other, net	(6.8)		(0.3)
Net cash provided from operating activities		175.4		94.9
Net cash (used for) provided from operating activities						Net cash (used for) provided from operating activities	(136.3)		171.6
INVESTING ACTIVITIES	INVESTING ACTIVITIES					INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property, plant, equipment and software	Purchases of property, plant, equipment and software	(78.5)		(144.0)		Purchases of property, plant, equipment and software	(33.4)		(59.9)
Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment and assets held for sale	Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment and assets held for sale	1.6		0.3		Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment and assets held for sale	1.8		1.5

Proceeds from divestiture of business	Proceeds from divestiture of business	20.0		0		Proceeds from divestiture of business	—		20.0
Net cash used for investing activities	Net cash used for investing activities	(56.9)		(143.7)		Net cash used for investing activities	(31.6)		(38.4)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES	FINANCING ACTIVITIES					FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Credit agreement borrowings		0		331.1
Credit agreement repayments		0		(181.1)

Net change in short-term credit agreement borrowings	Net change in short-term credit agreement borrowings	(170.0)		0.3		Net change in short-term credit agreement borrowings	—		(170.0)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of offering costs						Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of offering costs	—		395.5
Payments on long-term debt	Payments on long-term debt	(250.0)		0		Payments on long-term debt	—		(250.0)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of offering costs		395.5		0
Payments for debt extinguishment costs, net	Payments for debt extinguishment costs, net	(8.2)		0		Payments for debt extinguishment costs, net	—		(8.2)
Payments for debt issue costs	Payments for debt issue costs	(2.5)		0		Payments for debt issue costs	—		(1.1)
Dividends paid	Dividends paid	(29.3)		(29.1)		Dividends paid	(19.7)		(19.5)

Proceeds from stock options exercised		0.2		4.3

Withholding tax payments on share-based compensation awards	Withholding tax payments on share-based compensation awards	(2.3)		(7.8)		Withholding tax payments on share-based compensation awards	(3.1)		(2.2)

Net cash (used for) provided from financing activities		(66.6)		117.7
Net cash used for financing activities						Net cash used for financing activities	(22.8)		(55.5)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(0.8)		(2.9)		Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	0.2		0.6
INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		51.1		66.0
(DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS						(DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	(190.5)		78.3
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	193.1		27.0		Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	287.4		193.1
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	244.2	$	93.0	Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	96.9	$	271.4
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:	SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:					SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Non-cash investing activities: Purchase of property, plant, equipment and software	Non-cash investing activities: Purchase of property, plant, equipment and software	$	4.2	$	14.1	Non-cash investing activities: Purchase of property, plant, equipment and software	$	8.4	$	8.7

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

FOR THE THREE AND ~~NINE~~SIX MONTHS ENDED ~~MARCH~~DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020

(Unaudited)


		Common Stock				Reinvested Earnings				Common Stock in Treasury			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income				Total Equity					Common Stock				Reinvested Earnings			Common Stock in Treasury			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income			Total Equity
($ in millions, except per share data)	($ in millions, except per share data)	Par Value of $5		Capital in Excess of Par Value								($ in millions, except per share data)				Par Value of $5					Capital in Excess of Par Value
Balances at December 31, 2020		$	280.1	$	317.0			$	1,416.5						$	(317.6)			$	(363.1)		$	1,332.9
Balances at September 30, 2021																				Balances at September 30, 2021		$	280.1	$	316.3		$	1,274.7		$	(311.3)		$	(192.2)		$	1,367.6

Net loss	Net loss					(40.5)											(40.5)			Net loss						(29.4)									(29.4)
Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax	Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax												98.1				98.1			Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax												0.8			0.8

Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax	Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax												1.7				1.7			Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax												1.7			1.7
Foreign currency translation	Foreign currency translation												(3.7)				(3.7)			Foreign currency translation												(0.7)			(0.7)
Cash Dividends:	Cash Dividends:																			Cash Dividends:
Common @ $0.20 per share	Common @ $0.20 per share					(9.8)											(9.8)			Common @ $0.20 per share						(9.8)									(9.8)

Share-based compensation plans	Share-based compensation plans	0		2.2						0.1							2.3			Share-based compensation plans				(0.4)					3.3						2.9
Stock options exercised		0		0.2													0.2

Balances at March 31, 2021		$	280.1	$	319.4	$	1,366.2			$	(317.5)		$	(267.0)			$	1,381.2

Balances at December 31, 2021																				Balances at December 31, 2021		$	280.1	$	315.9	$	1,235.5		$	(308.0)		$	(190.4)		$	1,333.1


		Common Stock				Reinvested Earnings				Common Stock in Treasury			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income				Total Equity					Common Stock				Reinvested Earnings			Common Stock in Treasury			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income			Total Equity
($ in millions, except per share data)	($ in millions, except per share data)	Par Value of $5		Capital in Excess of Par Value								($ in millions, except per share data)				Par Value of $5					Capital in Excess of Par Value
Balances at December 31, 2019		$	280.1	$	322.1			$	1,665.9						$	(328.4)			$	(336.3)		$	1,603.4
Balances at September 30, 2020																				Balances at September 30, 2020		$	280.1	$	315.9		$	1,511.2		$	(319.3)		$	(380.4)		$	1,407.5

Net income						39.9											39.9
Net loss																				Net loss						(84.9)									(84.9)
Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax	Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax												3.1				3.1			Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax												3.6			3.6

Net loss on derivative instruments, net of tax													(8.9)				(8.9)
Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax																				Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax												4.9			4.9

Foreign currency translation	Foreign currency translation												(13.2)				(13.2)			Foreign currency translation												8.8			8.8
Cash Dividends:	Cash Dividends:																			Cash Dividends:
Common @ $0.20 per share	Common @ $0.20 per share					(9.7)											(9.7)			Common @ $0.20 per share						(9.8)									(9.8)
Share-based compensation plans	Share-based compensation plans	0		3.6						0.3							3.9			Share-based compensation plans				1.1					1.7						2.8

Balances at March 31, 2020		$	280.1	$	325.7	$	1,696.1			$	(328.1)		$	(355.3)			$	1,618.5
Balances at December 31, 2020																				Balances at December 31, 2020		$	280.1	$	317.0	$	1,416.5		$	(317.6)		$	(363.1)		$	1,332.9

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

FOR THE THREE AND ~~NINE~~SIX MONTHS ENDED ~~MARCH~~DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020

(Unaudited)


		Common Stock				Reinvested Earnings				Common Stock in Treasury			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income				Total Equity					Common Stock				Reinvested Earnings			Common Stock in Treasury			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income			Total Equity
($ in millions, except per share data)	($ in millions, except per share data)	Par Value of $5		Capital in Excess of Par Value								($ in millions, except per share data)				Par Value of $5					Capital in Excess of Par Value
Balances at June 30, 2020		$	280.1	$	321.4			$	1,568.0						$	(325.8)			$	(398.0)		$	1,445.7
Balances at June 30, 2021																				Balances at June 30, 2021		$	280.1	$	322.6		$	1,299.3		$	(317.4)		$	(192.3)		$	1,392.3

Net loss	Net loss					(172.5)											(172.5)			Net loss						(44.1)									(44.1)
Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax	Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax												105.3				105.3			Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax												1.9			1.9

Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax	Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax												14.9				14.9			Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax												2.8			2.8

Foreign currency translation	Foreign currency translation												10.8				10.8			Foreign currency translation												(2.8)			(2.8)
Cash Dividends:	Cash Dividends:																			Cash Dividends:
Common @ $0.60 per share						(29.3)											(29.3)
Common @ $0.40 per share																				Common @ $0.40 per share						(19.7)									(19.7)
Share-based compensation plans	Share-based compensation plans			(2.2)						8.3							6.1			Share-based compensation plans				(6.7)					9.4						2.7
Stock options exercised				0.2													0.2

Balances at March 31, 2021		$	280.1	$	319.4	$	1,366.2			$	(317.5)		$	(267.0)			$	1,381.2

Balances at December 31, 2021																				Balances at December 31, 2021		$	280.1	$	315.9	$	1,235.5		$	(308.0)		$	(190.4)		$	1,333.1

Common Stock Reinvested Earnings Common Stock in Treasury Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income Total Equity
($ in millions, except per share data) Par Value of $5 Capital in Excess of Par Value
Balances at June 30, 2019 $ 279.0 $ 320.4 $ 1,605.3 $ (332.8) $ (351.8) $ 1,520.1
Net income 119.9 119.9
Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax 9.1 9.1
Net loss on derivative instruments, net of tax (1.3) (1.3)
Foreign currency translation (11.3) (11.3)
Cash Dividends:
Common @ $0.60 per share (29.1) (29.1)
Share-based compensation plans 0.5 1.6 4.7 6.8
Stock options exercised 0.6 3.7 4.3
Balances at March 31, 2020 $ 280.1 $ 325.7 $ 1,696.1 $ (328.1) $ (355.3) $ 1,618.5


	Common Stock				Reinvested Earnings		Common Stock in Treasury		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Total Equity
($ in millions, except per share data)	Par Value of $5		Capital in Excess of Par Value
Balances at June 30, 2020	$	280.1	$	321.4	$	1,568.0	$	(325.8)	$	(398.0)	$	1,445.7

Net loss					(132.0)						(132.0)
Pension and postretirement benefits gain, net of tax									7.2		7.2

Net gain on derivative instruments, net of tax									13.2		13.2

Foreign currency translation									14.5		14.5
Cash Dividends:
Common @ $0.40 per share					(19.5)						(19.5)
Share-based compensation plans			(4.4)				8.2				3.8


Balances at December 31, 2020	$	280.1	$	317.0	$	1,416.5	$	(317.6)	$	(363.1)	$	1,332.9

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal and recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair statement of the results are reflected in the interim periods presented. The June 30, ~~2020~~2021 consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all of the disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in Carpenter ~~Technology’s~~Technology's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, ~~2020~~2021 (the ~~“2020~~"2021 Form ~~10-K”~~10-K"). Operating results for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for any future period.

As used throughout this report, unless the context requires otherwise, the terms ~~“Carpenter”~~"Carpenter", ~~“Carpenter Technology”~~"Carpenter Technology", the ~~“Company”~~"Company", ~~“Registrant”~~"Registrant", ~~“Issuer”~~"Issuer", ~~“we”~~"we" and ~~“our”~~"our" refer to Carpenter Technology Corporation.

2. Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges

Restructuring and asset impairment charges for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 were ~~$5.0 million and $15.0 million, respectively. There we~~re $0.0 million and ~~$2.3~~$0.0 million, ~~respectively,~~respectively. There were $0.0 million and $10.0 million of restructuring and asset impairment charges for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2020.~~

During the third quarter ended March 31, 2021, additional restructuring actions were executed within the Company's Additive business in the Performance Engineered Products (“PEP”) segment. This included $4.9 million of non-cash impairment charges primarily related to certain long-lived assets and $0.6 million of charges primarily related to various personnel-related costs for severance payments, medical coverage and related items. These charges were partially offset by proceeds of $0.5 million related to the sale of certain production equipment from an idled powder production facility. Additionally as part of these restructuring actions, $2.6 million of inventory write-downs were recorded in cost of sales in the quarter ended March 31, 2021.2020, respectively.

In the ~~first~~ quarter ended September 30, 2020, the Company initiated a restructuring plan to consolidate certain operations within the Additive business in the ~~PEP~~Performance Engineered Products "PEP" segment. This included $8.7 million of non-cash impairment charges related primarily to certain long-lived assets and certain definite-lived intangible assets. The Company also recognized $1.3 million of charges ~~primarily related to~~for various personnel-related costs for severance payments, medical coverage and ~~related~~other items.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020, the Company approved actions to reduce overhead costs and position the Company to drive long-term, profitable growth. These actions included implementing a restructuring plan aimed at reducing fixed costs by eliminating 20 percent of global salaried positions across all business segments. The restructuring charge consisted primarily of various personnel-related costs for severance payments, medical coverage and related items. In addition, the Company also recorded non-cash asset impairment charges related to the closure of 2 domestic powder facilities in the PEP segment, non-cash asset impairment charges related to the decision to exit the Amega West business, and a non-cash write-down of software that will no longer be implemented at a particular business unit.

The reserve balances and activity for restructuring charges at ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021 were as follows:

~~($ in millions)~~


($ in millions)	December 31, 2021		June 30, 2021
Reserve balance at beginning of fiscal year	$	1.4	$	9.5
Restructuring charges excluding non-cash impairments	—		1.2
Cash payments	(1.3)		(9.3)
Reserve balance at end of period	$	0.1	$	1.4

~~Reserve Balance~~

~~Reserve balance at June 30, 2020~~

~~9.5~~

~~Restructuring charges excluding non-cash impairments~~

~~1.4~~

~~Cash payments~~

~~(8.8)~~

~~Reserve balance at March 31, 2021~~

~~2.1~~

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CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

3. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements - Adopted in current fiscal year

~~At this time there are no~~In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ~~pronouncements adopted~~Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The guidance removes certain exceptions to the general principles related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year, and recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The new standard also simplifies the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the ~~current~~basis of goodwill. ASU 2019-12 is effective for public business entities for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2019-12 in the first quarter of fiscal year ~~that would~~2022. As a result, the Company recorded tax benefits on its year-to-date net loss for the six months ended December 31, 2021 in excess of its forecasted total tax benefits for the full fiscal year. Adoption of the other provisions in ASU 2019-12 did not materially impact the ~~Company.~~consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements - Pending ~~Adoption~~adoption

In ~~March 2020,~~November 2021, the ~~Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”)~~FASB issued ~~Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-04 Reference Rate Reform~~ASU 2021-10 Government Assistance (Topic ~~848).~~832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance. The ~~guidance~~amendments in ASU ~~2020-04 provides optional expedients~~2021-10 require the following annual disclosures about transactions with a government that are accounted for by applying a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy: information about the nature of the transactions and ~~exceptions~~the related accounting policy used to account for ~~applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships,~~the transactions; the line items on the balance sheet and ~~other transactions~~income statement that are affected by ~~reference rate reform, if certain criteria are met. The amendments apply only~~the transactions, and the amounts applicable to ~~contracts~~each financial statement line item; significant terms and ~~hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate~~conditions of the transactions, including commitments and contingencies. ASU 2021-10 is effective for public business entities for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2021-10 is a requirement for additional disclosure and is not expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. These amendments are effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potentialmaterially impact ~~of the adoption of ASU 2020-04 on~~ the consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

4. Revenue

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts. The Company applies the five-step model in the ~~FASB’s~~FASB's guidance, which requires the Company to: (i) identify the contract with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

The Company recognizes revenue when performance obligations under the terms of a customer purchase order or contract are satisfied. This occurs when control of the goods and services has transferred to the customer, which is generally determined when title, ownership, and risk of loss pass to the customer, all of which occurs upon shipment or delivery of the ~~product or the service is performed.~~product. Consignment transactions are arrangements where the Company transfers product to a customer location but retains ownership and control of such product until it is used by the customer. Revenue for consignment arrangements is recognized upon usage by the customer. Service revenue is recognized as the services are performed.

Each customer purchase order or contract for goods transferred has a single performance obligation for which revenue is recognized at a point in time. The standard terms and conditions of a customer purchase order include general rights of return and product warranty provisions related to nonconforming product. Depending on the circumstances, the product is either replaced or a quality adjustment is issued. Such warranties do not represent a separate performance obligation.

Each customer purchase order or contract sets forth the transaction price for the products and services purchased under that arrangement. Some customer arrangements include variable consideration, such as volume rebates, which generally depend upon the ~~Company’s~~Company's customers meeting specified performance criteria, such as a purchasing level over a period of time. The Company exercises judgment to estimate the most likely amount of variable consideration at each reporting date.

Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for its product. The standard payment terms are 30 days. The Company has elected to use the practical expedient that permits a Company to not adjust for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects that at the contract inception, the period between when the Company transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.

Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling activities to fulfill the ~~Company’s~~Company's promise to transfer the goods are included in revenues and costs incurred by the Company for the delivery of goods ~~and~~ are classified as cost of sales in the consolidated ~~statement~~statements of operations. Shipping terms may vary for products shipped outside the United States depending on the mode of transportation, the country where the material is shipped and any agreements made with the customers.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

Contract liabilities are recognized when the Company has received consideration from a customer to transfer goods or services at a future point in time when the Company performs under the purchase order or contract. Contract liabilities were ~~$6.9~~$12.8 million and ~~$12.3~~$8.6 million at ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively, and are included in accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company has elected to use the practical expedient that permits the omission of disclosure for remaining performance obligations which are expected to be satisfied in one year or less.

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CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company operates in 2 business segments, Specialty Alloys Operations ~~(“SAO”~~("SAO") and Performance Engineered Products ~~(“PEP”~~("PEP"). Revenue is disaggregated within these 2 business segments by diversified end-use markets and by geographical location. Comparative information of the ~~Company’s~~Company's overall revenues by end-use markets and geography for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:


End-Use Market Data	End-Use Market Data	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,				End-Use Market Data	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020				($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Aerospace and Defense	Aerospace and Defense	$	163.0	$	356.4	$	509.4	$	1,058.4			Aerospace and Defense	$	167.6	$	174.5	$	334.7	$	346.4
Medical	Medical	35.0		53.0		100.2		151.0				Medical	46.7		32.4		89.8		65.2
Transportation	Transportation	36.9		33.5		97.7		111.9				Transportation	38.2		31.6		79.8		60.8
Energy	Energy	23.1		32.7		70.3		103.2				Energy	23.1		22.1		45.3		47.2
Industrial and Consumer	Industrial and Consumer	67.2		80.1		206.6		231.4				Industrial and Consumer	90.5		66.0		177.0		139.4
Distribution	Distribution	26.7		29.7		69.8		87.9				Distribution	29.9		22.2		57.0		43.1
Consolidated net sales	Consolidated net sales	$	351.9	$	585.4	$	1,054.0	$	1,743.8			Consolidated net sales	$	396.0	$	348.8	$	783.6	$	702.1


Geographic Data	Geographic Data	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,				Geographic Data	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020				($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
United States	United States	$	224.6	$	367.7	$	657.5	$	1,123.6			United States	$	254.2	$	208.2	$	501.1	$	432.9
Asia Pacific												Asia Pacific	53.2		48.9		114.8		86.8
Europe	Europe	55.5		109.5		184.9		304.7				Europe	52.3		68.1		100.8		129.3
Asia Pacific		45.6		62.6		132.4		183.7
Mexico	Mexico	11.0		17.8		34.8		55.3				Mexico	21.6		10.7		37.5		23.9
Canada	Canada	9.3		15.1		24.2		44.4				Canada	8.1		7.1		15.9		14.9
Other	Other	5.9		12.7		20.2		32.1				Other	6.6		5.8		13.5		14.3
Consolidated net sales	Consolidated net sales	$	351.9	$	585.4	$	1,054.0	$	1,743.8			Consolidated net sales	$	396.0	$	348.8	$	783.6	$	702.1

5. Divestiture

On September 30, 2020, the Company divested the Amega West business for a total sale price of $20.0 million. In connection with the divestiture, the Company received $17.6 million of cash in the quarter ended September 30, 2020 and the remaining $2.4 million of cash in the quarter ended December 31, 2020. The operations of the Amega West business were historically included in our PEP segment and the Energy end-use market. The Company does not have any significant continuing involvement in the operations of Amega West after the divestiture.

1011

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

6. ~~Earnings (Loss)~~Loss per Common Share

The Company calculates basic and diluted ~~(loss) earnings~~loss per share using the two class method. Under the two class method, ~~(loss) earnings~~losses are allocated to common stock and participating securities (non-vested restricted shares and units that receive non-forfeitable dividends) according to their participation rights in dividends and undistributed earnings. The ~~(loss) earnings~~losses available to each class of stock are divided by the weighted average number of outstanding shares for the period in each class. Diluted ~~(loss) earnings~~loss per share assumes the issuance of common stock for all potentially dilutive share equivalents outstanding. For the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, the Company incurred a net loss and accordingly excluded all potentially dilutive securities from the determination of diluted loss per share as their impact was anti-dilutive.

The calculations of basic and diluted ~~(loss) earnings~~loss per common share for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

Three Months Ended
March 31, Nine Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions, except per share data) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Net (loss) income $ (40.5) $ 39.9 $ (172.5) $ 119.9
Less: dividends allocated to participating securities (0.1) (0.4) (0.3) (1.1)
(Loss) earnings available for common stockholders used in calculation of basic (loss) earnings per common share $ (40.6) $ 39.5 $ (172.8) $ 118.8
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic 48.3 48.1 48.3 48.0
Basic (loss) earnings per common share $ (0.84) $ 0.82 $ (3.58) $ 2.47
Net (loss) income $ (40.5) $ 39.9 $ (172.5) $ 119.9
Less: dividends allocated to participating securities (0.1) (0.4) (0.3) (1.1)
(Loss) earnings available for common stockholders used in calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per common share $ (40.6) $ 39.5 $ (172.8) $ 118.8
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic 48.3 48.1 48.3 48.0
Effect of shares issuable under share-based compensation plans 0 0.2 0 0.4
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, diluted 48.3 48.3 48.3 48.4
Diluted (loss) earnings per common share $ (0.84) $ 0.82 $ (3.58) $ 2.46


	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions, except per share data)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net loss	$	(29.4)	$	(84.9)	$	(44.1)	$	(132.0)
Dividends allocated to participating securities	—		(0.2)		(0.1)		(0.2)
Loss available for common stockholders used in calculation of basic loss per common share	$	(29.4)	$	(85.1)	$	(44.2)	$	(132.2)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic	48.6		48.3		48.5		48.3

Basic loss per common share	$	(0.61)	$	(1.76)	$	(0.91)	$	(2.74)

Net loss	$	(29.4)	$	(84.9)	$	(44.1)	$	(132.0)
Dividends allocated to participating securities	—		(0.2)		(0.1)		(0.2)
Loss available for common stockholders used in calculation of diluted loss per common share	$	(29.4)	$	(85.1)	$	(44.2)	$	(132.2)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic	48.6		48.3		48.5		48.3
Effect of shares issuable under share-based compensation plans	—		—		—		—
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, diluted	48.6		48.3		48.5		48.3

Diluted loss per common share	$	(0.61)	$	(1.76)	$	(0.91)	$	(2.74)

The following awards issued under share-based compensation plans were excluded from the above calculations of diluted ~~earnings~~loss per share because their effects were anti-dilutive:


		Three Months Ended March 31,		Nine Months Ended March 31,		Three Months Ended December 31,			Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021	2020	2021	2020		(in millions)	2021	2020	2021	2020
Stock options	Stock options	1.9	2.0	2.1	0.9		Stock options	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.1

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Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

7. Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following components as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020:~~2021:


($ in millions)	($ in millions)	March 31, 2021		June 30, 2020		($ in millions)	December 31, 2021		June 30, 2021
Raw materials and supplies	Raw materials and supplies	$	160.9	$	217.6	Raw materials and supplies	$	135.4	$	115.0
Work in process	Work in process	239.6		312.3		Work in process	270.2		206.2
Finished and purchased products	Finished and purchased products	135.0		194.4		Finished and purchased products	129.1		104.5
Total inventories	Total inventories	$	535.5	$	724.3	Total inventories	$	534.7	$	425.7

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Cost for inventories is principally determined using the last-in, first-out ~~(“LIFO”~~("LIFO") inventory costing method. The Company also uses the first-in, first-out ~~(“FIFO”~~("FIFO") and average cost methods. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020, $114.3~~2021, $128.6 million and ~~$136.3~~$107.5 million of inventory, respectively, was accounted for using a method other than the LIFO inventory costing method.

8. ~~Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net~~Accrued Liabilities

~~Goodwill~~

AsAccrued liabilities consisted of ~~July 1, 2020,~~ the ~~Company had 4 reporting units with goodwill recorded. Goodwill associated with the SAO reporting unit is tested at the SAO segment level and represented approximately 67 percent~~following as of ~~total goodwill prior to the impairment charge recognized in the quarter ended~~ December 31, ~~2020. All other goodwill is associated with the PEP segment, which included 3 reporting units with goodwill recorded. The fair value is estimated using a weighting of discounted cash flows~~2021 and the use of market multiples valuation techniques for the SAO reporting unit and two of the PEP segment reporting units. The fair value for the Additive reporting unit is estimated using a discounted cash flow technique.

~~The Company conducts goodwill impairment testing at least annually as of~~ June 30, or more often if events, changes or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. In preparing the financial statements for the quarter ended December 31, 2020, the Company identified an impairment triggering event related to the Additive reporting unit within the PEP segment. This reporting unit has experienced slower than expected growth due to customers shifting their near-term focus away from this emerging area as a result of the continuing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the quarter ended December 31, 2020 the Company also made strategic decisions to reduce resources allocated to the Additive reporting unit to concentrate on the essential manufacturing business. In light of these decisions and current market conditions, the pace of growth in the future projections for the Company's Additive reporting unit were lowered.2021:

The Company determined the goodwill associated with the Additive reporting unit was impaired and recorded an impairment charge of $52.8 million during the quarter ended December 31, 2020, which represented the entire balance of goodwill. This reporting unit is within the PEP segment. The Company continuously monitors for events and circumstances that could negatively impact the key assumptions in determining fair value of the reporting units. Given the evolving nature of and uncertainty driven by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company will continue to evaluate the impact on the reporting units as adverse changes to these assumptions could result in future impairments.


($ in millions)	December 31, 2021		June 30, 2021
Accrued compensation and benefits	$	41.3	$	81.4
Accrued interest expense	16.2		16.2
Accrued postretirement benefits	14.4		14.4
Contract liabilities	12.8		8.6
Current portion of lease liabilities	9.7		9.0
Accrued pension liabilities	3.5		3.5
Accrued income taxes	1.8		0.5
Derivative financial instruments	0.1		4.2

Other	24.2		26.1
Total accrued liabilities	$	124.0	$	163.9

After the impairment loss recognized during the quarter ended December 31, 2020, the Company has 3 reporting units with goodwill recorded. Goodwill associated with the SAO reporting unit represents approximately 81 percent of total goodwill as of March 31, 2021. The remaining goodwill is associated with the PEP segment, which includes two reporting units with goodwill recorded.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

Accumulated goodwill impairment losses of $134.6 million are related solely to the PEP segment. The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 were as follows:

($ in millions) June 30, 2020 Impairment Other March 31, 2021
Goodwill $ 372.2 $ — $ 3.8 $ 376.0
Accumulated impairment losses (81.8) (52.8) — (134.6)
Total goodwill $ 290.4 $ (52.8) $ 3.8 $ 241.4
Specialty Alloy Operations $ 195.5 $ — $ — $ 195.5
Performance Engineered Products 94.9 (52.8) 3.8 45.9
Total goodwill $ 290.4 $ (52.8) $ 3.8 $ 241.4

~~Other Intangible Assets, Net~~

~~The changes in the carrying amount of other intangible assets, net for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 were as follows:~~

June 30, 2020 March 31, 2021
($ in millions) Useful Life (in Years) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Accumulated Impairment Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Accumulated Impairment Net Carrying Amount
Trademarks and trade names 15 - 30 $ 33.5 $ (25.4) $ (1.5) $ 6.6 $ 33.5 $ (25.2) $ (1.5) $ 6.8
Customer relationships 10 - 15 76.9 (41.2) (1.2) 34.5 76.9 (44.8) (4.2) 27.9
Non-compete agreements 5 0.2 (0.1) (0.1) 0 0.2 (0.1) (0.1) 0
Technology 15 7.3 (1.5) (4.5) 1.3 7.3 (1.5) (5.8) 0
Patents 14 - 20 11.4 (1.7) 0 9.7 11.4 (1.2) 0 10.2
Total $ 129.3 $ (69.9) $ (7.3) $ 52.1 $ 129.3 $ (72.8) $ (11.6) $ 44.9

During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, the Company impaired $0.0 million and $4.3 million, respectively, of technology and customer relationships within the Additive reporting unit. The impairment was the result of a restructuring plan to consolidate certain operations within the Additive business in the PEP segment during the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

9. ~~Accrued Liabilities~~

~~Accrued liabilities consisted of the following as of March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2020:~~

($ in millions) March 31,
2021 June 30,
2020
Accrued compensation and benefits $ 65.9 $ 50.4
Accrued postretirement benefits 14.0 14.0
Current portion of lease liabilities 9.3 11.5
Contract liabilities 6.9 12.3
Accrued interest expense 6.4 10.4
Accrued pension liabilities 3.5 20.2
Derivative financial instruments 3.0 11.1
Accrued income taxes 0.5 1.0
Other 24.7 27.0
Total accrued liabilities $ 134.2 $ 157.9

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

~~10.~~ Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

The components of the net periodic ~~benefit cost~~pension (income) expense related to the ~~Company’s~~Company's pension and other postretirement benefits for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

Three months ended March 31, Pension Plans Other Postretirement Plans
($ in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Service cost $ 2.4 $ 2.4 $ 0.7 $ 0.7
Interest cost 9.8 11.7 1.9 2.3
Expected return on plan assets (14.1) (15.5) (1.6) (1.8)
Amortization of net loss 3.8 3.9 0.9 0.6
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit) 0.5 0.5 (1.0) (1.0)
Settlement charge 8.9 0 0 0
Net periodic benefit costs $ 11.3 $ 3.0 $ 0.9 $ 0.8


Three months ended December 31,	Pension Plans				Other Postretirement Plans

($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Service cost	$	2.1	$	2.4	$	0.6	$	0.6
Interest cost	9.1		9.9		1.8		1.9
Expected return on plan assets	(14.9)		(13.9)		(2.0)		(1.6)
Amortization of net loss (gain)	2.1		4.3		(0.2)		0.9
Amortization of prior service cost (credits)	0.6		0.5		(1.0)		(1.0)

Net pension (income) expense	$	(1.0)	$	3.2	$	(0.8)	$	0.8


Six months ended December 31,	Pension Plans				Other Postretirement Plans

($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Service cost	$	4.2	$	4.8	$	1.3	$	1.4
Interest cost	18.2		19.8		3.5		3.8
Expected return on plan assets	(29.8)		(27.8)		(4.0)		(3.3)
Amortization of net loss (gain)	4.2		8.6		(0.4)		1.8
Amortization of prior service cost (credits)	1.2		1.0		(2.0)		(2.0)

Net pension (income) expense	$	(2.0)	$	6.4	$	(1.6)	$	1.7

Nine months ended March 31, Pension Plans Other Postretirement Plans
($ in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Service cost $ 7.2 $ 7.3 $ 2.0 $ 2.0
Interest cost 29.6 35.1 5.8 6.8
Expected return on plan assets (41.9) (46.6) (4.8) (5.3)
Amortization of net loss 12.4 11.6 2.7 1.9
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit) 1.5 1.6 (3.1) (2.9)
Settlement charge 8.9 0 0 0
Net periodic benefit costs $ 17.7 $ 9.0 $ 2.6 $ 2.5

In the quarter ended March 31, 2021, the Company evaluated the need for settlement accounting under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 715-30-35-82 based on the higher than normal lump-sum payments made during the current fiscal year in the Company's largest defined benefit plan. The Company determined that it was probable the lump-sum payments would exceed the threshold of service cost and interest cost components and settlement accounting was required. The Company recorded a settlement charge of $8.9 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2021 within other expense, net. The settlement triggered a remeasurement for the affected benefit plan in the quarter ended March 31, 2021 using a weighted average discount rate of 3.21 percent compared to the rate of 3.02 percent utilized at June 30, 2020. The impact of the remeasurement reduced the anticipated full fiscal year net periodic benefit costs by $3.1 million of which $0.8 million was recognized within pension earnings, interest and deferrals in the current quarter. The remeasurement also resulted in a reduction of accrued pension liabilities and accumulated other comprehensive loss of $116.7 million based on the current discount rate and better than anticipated investment returns.

During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company made ~~$10.9~~$0.2 million and ~~$4.9~~$4.7 million, respectively, of contributions to its qualified defined benefit pension plans. The Company currently ~~expects~~does not expect to contribute ~~$9.0 million~~additional amounts to its international qualified defined benefit pension plans and does not expect to make any contributions to its U.S. qualified defined benefit pension plans during the remainder of fiscal year ~~2021.~~2022.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

~~11.~~10. Debt

On July 10, 2020, the Company completed its offering and sale of ~~$400~~$400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.375% Senior Notes due 2028 (the ~~“Notes”~~"Notes"). The Notes accrue interest at the rate of 6.375% per annum, with interest payable in cash semi-annually in arrears on each January 1515th and July ~~15,~~15th, commencing January 15, 2021. The Notes will mature on July 15, 2028. The Notes are senior unsecured indebtedness of the Company, ranking equally in right of payment with all its existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness and senior to any future subordinated indebtedness. The Company utilized a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the Notes to repay in full $250.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its senior unsecured notes due July 2021. The Company used or intends to use the remaining net proceeds from the issuance of the Notes for general corporate purposes.

On March 26, 2021, the Company entered into a $300.0 million secured revolving credit facility ~~(the “Credit Facility”~~("the Credit Facility"). The Credit Facility amended and restated the Company's previous revolving credit facility, dated March 31, 2017, which had been set to expire in March 2022. The Credit Facility extends the maturity to March 31, 2024, subject to a springing maturity of November 30, 2022. If, by November 30, 2022, the ~~Company’s~~Company's outstanding $300.0 million 4.45% Senior Notes due in March 2023 are not redeemed, repurchased or refinanced with indebtedness having a maturity date of October 1, 2024 or later, all indebtedness under the Credit Facility will be due. The Credit Facility contains a revolving credit commitment amount of $300.0 million, subject to the ~~Company’s~~Company's right, from time to time, to request an increase of the commitment to $500.0 million in the aggregate; and provides for the issuance of letters of credit subject to a $40.0 million sub-limit. The Company has the right to terminate or reduce the commitments under the Credit Facility, and, subject to certain lender approvals, to join subsidiaries as subsidiary borrowers.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Interest on the borrowings under the Credit Facility ~~accrue~~accrues at variable rates, based upon a ~~“Eurocurrency Rate”~~"Eurocurrency Rate" or a defined ~~“Base Rate”~~"Base Rate". Both are determined based upon the credit rating of the ~~Company’s~~Company's senior unsecured long-term debt (the ~~“Debt Rating”~~"Debt Rating"). The applicable margin to be added to Eurocurrency Rate ranges from 1.25% to 2.25% (2.00% as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021), and for Base Rate-determined loans, from 0.25% to 1.25% (1.00% as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021). The Company also pays a quarterly commitment fee ranging from 0.275% to 0.375% (0.35% as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021), determined based upon the Debt Rating, of the unused portion of the $300.0 million commitment under the Credit Facility. In addition, the Company must pay certain letter of credit fees, ranging from 1.25% to 2.25% (2.00% as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021), with respect to letters of credit issued under the Credit Facility. The Company has the right to voluntarily prepay and re-borrow loans and to terminate or reduce the commitments under the facility. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, the Company had ~~$5.4~~$5.3 million of issued letters of credit ~~and 0 short-term borrowings~~ under the Credit Facility and no short-term borrowings, with the balance of ~~$294.6~~$294.7 million available to the Company. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, the borrowing rate for the Credit Facility was ~~2.11%~~2.10%.

The Company is subject to certain financial and restrictive covenants under the Credit Facility, which, among other things, require the maintenance of a minimum interest coverage ratio. The interest coverage ratio is defined in the Credit Facility as, for any period, the ratio of consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and non-cash net pension expense ~~(“EBITDA”~~("EBITDA") to consolidated interest expense for such period. The interest coverage covenant is waived until the quarter ended March 31, 2022 at which time it will be 3.00 to 1.00 and then 3.50 to 1.00 thereafter. The Credit Facility also requires the Company to maintain a debt to capital ratio of less than 55 percent. The debt to capital ratio is defined in the Credit Facility as the ratio of consolidated indebtedness, as defined therein, to consolidated capitalization, as defined therein. During the period in which the interest coverage covenant is waived, the Credit Facility requires that the Company maintain a minimum available liquidity of $150.0 million for certain periods, which is defined in the Credit Facility as aggregate amount of loans available to be drawn under the credit facility plus non-restricted cash and cash equivalents as defined therein. In addition, the Company is also subject to an asset coverage ratio minimum of 1.10 to 1.00. The asset coverage ratio is defined in the Credit Facility as eligible receivables and inventory, as defined therein, to outstanding loans and obligations, as defined therein. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all of the covenants of the Credit Facility.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

Long-term debt outstanding as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020~~2021 consisted of the following:


($ in millions)	($ in millions)	March 31, 2021		June 30, 2020		($ in millions)	December 31, 2021		June 30, 2021
Senior unsecured notes, 5.20% due July 2021 (face value of $250.0 million at June 30, 2020)		$	0	$	252.3
Senior unsecured notes, 4.45% due March 2023 (face value of $300.0 million at March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2020)		299.4		299.5
Senior unsecured notes, 6.375% due July 2028 (face value of $400.0 million at March 31, 2021)		394.9		0

Senior unsecured notes, 4.45% due March 2023 (face value of $300.0 million at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021)						Senior unsecured notes, 4.45% due March 2023 (face value of $300.0 million at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021)	$	299.6	$	299.5
Senior unsecured notes, 6.375% due July 2028 (face value of $400.0 million at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021)						Senior unsecured notes, 6.375% due July 2028 (face value of $400.0 million at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021)	395.4		395.0
Total	Total	694.3		551.8		Total	695.0		694.5
Less: amounts due within one year	Less: amounts due within one year	0		0		Less: amounts due within one year	—		—
Long-term debt, net of current portion	Long-term debt, net of current portion	$	694.3	$	551.8	Long-term debt, net of current portion	$	695.0	$	694.5

For the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020, interest costs totaled ~~$10.1~~$10.3 million and ~~$7.2~~$10.9 million, respectively, of which ~~$1.2~~$0.2 million and ~~$2.3~~$3.0 million, respectively, were capitalized as part of the cost of property, plant, equipment and software. For the three months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, there were no debt extinguishment losses, net.

For the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020, interest costs totaled ~~$30.4~~$20.6 million and ~~$22.1~~$20.3 million, respectively, of which ~~$6.9~~$0.3 million and ~~$6.5~~$5.7 million, respectively, were capitalized as part of the cost of property, plant, equipment and software. Debt extinguishment losses, net for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2021~~2020 includes $10.5 million of debt prepayment costs on the Notes that were due July 2021 offset by gains of $2.3 million on related interest rate swaps that were terminated in connection with the prepayment. For the ~~three and nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2020,~~2021 there were no debt extinguishment losses, ~~net totaled $0.0 million.~~net.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

~~12.~~11. Contingencies and Commitments

Environmental

The Company is subject to various federal, state, local and international environmental laws and regulations relating to pollution, protection of public health and the environment, natural resource damages and occupational safety and health. Although compliance with these laws and regulations may affect the costs of the ~~Company’s~~Company's operations, compliance costs to date have not been material. The Company has environmental remediation liabilities at some of its owned operating facilities and has been designated as a potentially responsible party ~~(“PRP”~~("PRP") with respect to certain third party Superfund waste-disposal sites and other third party-owned sites. The Company accrues amounts for environmental remediation costs that represent ~~management’s~~management's best estimate of the probable and reasonably estimable future costs related to environmental remediation. During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021, the Company increased the liability for a company-owned former operating site by ~~$0.2~~$0.1 million. The liabilities recorded for environmental remediation costs at Superfund sites, other third party-owned sites and Carpenter-owned current or former operating facilities remaining at ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020~~2021 were ~~$16.2~~$16.1 million and $16.0 million, respectively. Additionally, the Company has been notified that it may be a PRP with respect to other Superfund sites as to which no proceedings have been instituted against the Company. Neither the exact amount of remediation costs nor the final method of their allocation among all designated PRPs at these Superfund sites have been determined. Accordingly, at this time, the Company cannot reasonably estimate expected costs for such matters. The liability for future environmental remediation costs that can be reasonably estimated is evaluated by management on a quarterly basis.

Estimates of the amount and timing of future costs of environmental remediation requirements are inherently imprecise because of the continuing evolution of environmental laws and regulatory requirements, the availability and application of technology, the identification of currently unknown remediation sites and the allocation of costs among the PRPs. Based upon information currently available, such future costs are not expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows over the long-term. However, such costs could be material to the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows in a particular future quarter or year.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

Other

The Company is defending various routine claims and legal actions that are incidental to its business and common to its operations, including those pertaining to product claims, commercial disputes, patent infringement, employment actions, employee benefits, compliance with domestic and foreign laws, personal injury claims and tax issues. Like many other manufacturing companies in recent years, the Company, from time to time, has been named as a defendant in lawsuits alleging personal injury as a result of exposure to chemicals and substances in the workplace such as asbestos. The Company provides for costs relating to these matters when a loss is probable and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. The effect of the outcome of these matters on the ~~Company’s~~Company's future results of operations and liquidity cannot be predicted because any such effect depends on future results of operations and the amount and timing (both as to recording future charges to operations and cash expenditures) of the resolution of such matters. While it is not feasible to determine the outcome of these matters, management believes that the total liability from these matters will not have a material effect on the ~~Company’s~~Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows over the long-term. However, there can be no assurance that an increase in the scope of pending matters or that any future lawsuits, claims, proceedings or investigations will not be material to the ~~Company’s~~Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows in a particular future quarter or year.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

~~13.~~12. Leases

The Company records right-of-use ~~“ROU”~~"ROU" assets and operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet for several types of operating leases, including land and buildings, equipment (e.g. trucks and forklifts), vehicles and computer equipment. On the lease commencement date, the Company measures and records a ROU asset and lease liability equal to the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the rate implicit in the lease (or if that rate cannot be readily determined, the ~~Company’s~~Company's incremental borrowing rate). Operating leases are included in other assets,, accrued liabilities (current) and other liabilities (long-term) on the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company elected the practical expedient to not separate lease components from ~~nonlease~~non-lease components for all asset classes. The Company recognizes lease expense in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company elected to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases with an initial term of 12 months or less for all asset classes. Leases with the option to extend their term or terminate early are reflected in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise such options. Some leasing arrangements require variable payments that are dependent on usage, output, or may vary for other reasons, such as insurance and tax payments. The variable lease payments are not presented as part of the ROU asset or lease liability. Income from subleased properties is recognized and presented as a reduction of selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company's consolidated ~~statement~~statements of operations. The leases have remaining terms of one to ~~sixteen~~fifteen years.

The following table sets forth the components of the ~~Company’s~~Company's lease cost for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020:


	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Operating lease cost	$	2.5	$	3.2	$	5.0	$	6.8
Short-term lease cost	0.8		0.7		1.7		1.6
Variable lease cost	0.1		0.1		0.3		0.2
Sublease income	(0.2)		(0.2)		(0.5)		(0.3)
Total lease cost	$	3.2	$	3.8	$	6.5	$	8.3

Operating cash flow payments from operating leases	$	2.8	$	3.3	$	5.6	$	6.9
Non-cash ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations	$	15.1	$	—	$	15.5	$	1.4

The following table sets forth the Company's weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted-average discount rate at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021:

Three Months Ended
March 31, Nine Months Ended
March 31,
($ in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Operating lease cost $ 3.0 $ 3.8 $ 9.8 $ 10.8
Short-term lease cost 0.7 0.9 2.3 2.7
Variable lease cost 0 0.1 0.2 0.3
Sublease income (0.3) 0 (0.5) 0
Total lease cost $ 3.4 $ 4.8 $ 11.8 $ 13.8
Operating cash flow payments from operating leases $ 3.1 $ 3.9 $ 10.2 $ 10.5
Non-cash ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations $ 0 $ 5.2 $ 1.4 $ 18.7


	December 31, 2021		June 30, 2021
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases	8.8 years		8.4 years
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	3.5	%	4.0	%

1817

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table sets forth the ~~Company’s weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted-average discount rate at March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2020:~~

March 31,
2021 June 30,
2020
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases 8.4 years 8.1 years
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases 4.0 % 3.9 %

~~The following table sets forth the Company’s~~Company's ROU assets and lease liabilities at ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020:~~2021:


($ in millions)	($ in millions)	March 31, 2021		June 30, 2020		($ in millions)	December 31, 2021		June 30, 2021
Operating lease assets:	Operating lease assets:					Operating lease assets:
Other assets	Other assets	$	35.9	$	52.0	Other assets	$	46.7	$	34.3
Operating lease liabilities:	Operating lease liabilities:					Operating lease liabilities:
Other accrued liabilities		$	9.3	$	11.5
Accrued liabilities						Accrued liabilities	$	9.7	$	9.0
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	37.2		50.3		Other liabilities	46.9		35.5
Total operating lease liabilities	Total operating lease liabilities	$	46.5	$	61.8	Total operating lease liabilities	$	56.6	$	44.5

Minimum lease payments for operating leases expiring subsequent to ~~March~~December 31, 2021 are as follows:

($ in millions) March 31,
2021
2021 (remaining period of fiscal year) $ 2.9
2022 10.2
2023 8.5
2024 6.4
2025 4.1
Thereafter 23.9
Total future minimum lease payments 56.0
Less imputed interest (9.5)
Total $ 46.5


($ in millions)	December 31, 2021
2022 (remaining period of fiscal year)	$	5.3
2023	10.8
2024	8.5
2025	6.2
2026	5.0
Thereafter	30.9
Total future minimum lease payments	66.7
Less imputed interest	(10.1)
Total	$	56.6

~~14.~~

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

13. Fair Value Measurements

The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the inputs used to determine fair value. Level 1 refers to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 refers to observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. Level 3 refers to unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs. Currently, the Company does not use Level 1 and 3 inputs.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

The following tables present the ~~Company’s~~Company's assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy:


~~March~~December 31, 2021	Fair Value Measurements Using Input Type
($ in millions)	Level 2
Assets:


Derivative financial instruments	$	~~11.7~~18.1


Liabilities:
Derivative financial instruments	$	~~4.6~~0.2


June 30, ~~2020~~2021	Fair Value Measurements Using Input Type
($ in millions)	Level 2
Assets:


Derivative financial instruments	$	~~10.1~~15.9


Liabilities:
Derivative financial instruments	$	~~17.9~~5.3

The ~~Company’s~~Company's derivative financial instruments consist of commodity forward contracts, foreign currency forward contracts and interest rate swaps. These instruments are measured at fair value using the market method valuation technique. The inputs to this technique utilize information related to commodity prices, foreign exchange rates and interest rates published by third party leading financial news and data providers. This is observable data; however, the valuation of these instruments is not based on actual transactions for the same instruments and, as such, they are classified as Level 2. The ~~Company’s~~Company's use of derivatives and hedging policies are more fully discussed in Note ~~15.~~14. Derivatives and Hedging Activities.

The Company has currently chosen not to elect the fair value option for any items that are not already required to be measured at fair value in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The carrying amounts of other financial instruments not listed in the table below approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these items. The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the ~~Company’s~~Company's financial instruments not recorded at fair value in the financial statements were as follows:


		March 31, 2021				June 30, 2020					December 31, 2021				June 30, 2021
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		($ in millions)	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	$	694.3	$	743.3	$	551.8	$	551.1	Long-term debt	$	695.0	$	732.0	$	694.5	$	754.7
Company-owned life insurance	Company-owned life insurance	$	23.0	$	23.0	$	18.9	$	18.9	Company-owned life insurance	$	27.3	$	27.3	$	24.6	$	24.6

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The fair values of long-term debt as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020~~2021 were determined by using current interest rates for debt with terms and maturities similar to the ~~Company’s~~Company's existing debt arrangements and accordingly would be classified as Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy.

The carrying amount of ~~Company-owned~~company-owned life insurance reflects cash surrender values based upon the market values of underlying securities, using Level 2 inputs, net of any outstanding policy loans. The carrying value associated with the cash surrender value of these policies is recorded in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

~~15.~~14. Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The Company uses commodity forwards, interest rate swaps, forward interest rate swaps and foreign currency forwards to manage risks generally associated with commodity price, interest rate and foreign currency rate fluctuations. The following explains the various types of derivatives and includes a summary of the impact the derivative instruments had on the ~~Company’s~~Company's financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Cash Flow Hedging — Commodity forward contracts: The Company enters into commodity forward contracts to fix the price of a portion of anticipated future purchases of certain critical raw materials and energy to manage the risk of cash flow variability associated with volatile commodity prices. The commodity forward contracts have been designated as cash flow hedges. The qualifying hedge contracts are marked-to-market at each reporting date and any unrealized gains or losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income ~~(“AOCI”~~("AOCI") and reclassified to cost of sales in the period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings or it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, the Company had forward contracts to purchase ~~7.9~~7.7 million pounds of certain raw materials with settlement dates through ~~December 2023.~~May 2025.

Cash Flow Hedging — Forward interest rate swaps: Historically, the Company has entered into forward interest rate swap contracts to manage the risk of cash flow variability associated with fixed interest debt expected to be issued. The forward interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges. The qualifying hedge contracts were marked-to-market at each reporting date and any unrealized gains or losses were included in AOCI and reclassified to interest expense in the period during which the hedged transaction affected earnings or it became probable that the forecasted transaction would not occur. Upon the issuance of the fixed rate debt, the forward interest rate swap contracts were terminated. The realized gains at the time the interest rate swap contracts were terminated are being amortized over the term of the underlying debt. For the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020, net gains related to the previously terminated contracts of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, were recorded as a reduction to interest expense. For the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020, net gains related to the previously terminated contracts of ~~$0.3~~$0.2 million and ~~$0.3~~$0.2 million, respectively, were recorded as a reduction to interest expense.

Cash Flow Hedging — Foreign currency forward contracts: The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge a portion of anticipated future sales denominated in foreign currencies, principally the Euro and Pound Sterling, in order to offset the effect of changes in exchange rates. The qualifying hedge contracts are marked-to-market at each reporting date and any unrealized gains or losses are included in AOCI and reclassified to net sales in the period during which the transaction affects earnings or it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur.

The Company also uses foreign currency forward contracts to protect certain short-term positions denominated in foreign currencies against the effect of changes in exchange rates. These positions do not qualify for hedge accounting and accordingly are marked-to-market at each reporting date through charges to other ~~income and expense.~~(income) expense, net. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020,~~2021, the fair value of the outstanding foreign currency forwards not designated as hedging instruments and the charges to income for changes in fair value for these contracts were not material.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Fair Value Hedging — Interest rate swaps: The Company uses interest rate swaps to achieve a level of floating rate debt relative to fixed rate debt where appropriate. The Company has designated fixed to floating interest rate swaps as fair value hedges. Accordingly, the changes in the fair value of these instruments are immediately recorded in earnings. The mark-to-market values of both the fair value hedging instruments and the underlying debt obligations are recorded as equal and offsetting gains and losses in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations. As of the quarter ended September 30, 2020, all interest rate swaps were terminated in connection with the prepayment of Notes due July 2021. At ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020,~~2021, the total notional amount of floating interest rate contracts was $0.0 million and ~~$150.0~~$0.0 million, respectively. For the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, there were no interest rate swaps and 0 gains or losses ~~and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 net gains of $0.6 million, were~~ recorded ~~as a decrease~~ to interest expense. For the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~months December 31, 2021 and 2020, net gains of ~~$0.4~~$0.0 million and ~~$0.7~~$0.4 million, respectively, were recorded as a decrease to interest expense. During the quarter ended September 30, 2020, there were $2.3 million of gains recorded as a decrease to debt extinguishment losses.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

The fair value and location of outstanding derivative contracts recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets were as follows as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020:~~2021:


March 31, 2021		Interest Rate Swaps			Foreign Currency Contracts			Commodity Contracts				Total Derivatives
December 31, 2021							December 31, 2021				Interest Rate Swaps				Foreign Currency Contracts			Commodity Contracts			Total Derivatives
($ in millions)	($ in millions)			Interest Rate Swaps						Foreign Currency Contracts				Commodity Contracts						Total Derivatives			($ in millions)
Asset Derivatives:	Asset Derivatives:						Asset Derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:															Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Other current assets	Other current assets	$	0		$	0.1		$	6.4			$	6.5	Other current assets		$	—		$	0.2		$	14.5	$	14.7
Other assets	Other assets	0			0			5.2				5.2		Other assets		—			—			3.4		3.4
Total asset derivatives	Total asset derivatives	$	0		$	0.1		$	11.6			$	11.7	Total asset derivatives		$	—		$	0.2		$	17.9	$	18.1
Liability Derivatives:	Liability Derivatives:													Liability Derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:													Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Accrued liabilities	Accrued liabilities	$	0		$	2.6		$	0.4			$	3.0	Accrued liabilities		$	—		$	0.1		$	—	$	0.1
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	0			0			1.6				1.6		Other liabilities		—			0.1			—		0.1
Total liability derivatives	Total liability derivatives	$	0		$	2.6		$	2.0			$	4.6	Total liability derivatives		$	—		$	0.2		$	—	$	0.2


June 30, 2020		Interest Rate Swaps			Foreign Currency Contracts			Commodity Contracts				Total Derivatives
June 30, 2021							June 30, 2021				Interest Rate Swaps				Foreign Currency Contracts			Commodity Contracts			Total Derivatives
($ in millions)	($ in millions)			Interest Rate Swaps						Foreign Currency Contracts				Commodity Contracts						Total Derivatives			($ in millions)
Asset Derivatives:	Asset Derivatives:						Asset Derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:															Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Other current assets	Other current assets	$	1.2		$	0.2		$	2.2			$	3.6	Other current assets		$	—		$	—		$	10.0	$	10.0
Other assets	Other assets	2.8			0.6			3.1				6.5		Other assets		—			—			5.9		5.9
Total asset derivatives	Total asset derivatives	$	4.0		$	0.8		$	5.3			$	10.1	Total asset derivatives		$	—		$	—		$	15.9	$	15.9
Liability Derivatives:	Liability Derivatives:													Liability Derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:													Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Accrued liabilities	Accrued liabilities	$	0		$	0		$	11.1			$	11.1	Accrued liabilities		$	—		$	2.6		$	1.6	$	4.2
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	0			0			6.8				6.8		Other liabilities		—			—			1.1		1.1
Total liability derivatives	Total liability derivatives	$	0		$	0		$	17.9			$	17.9	Total liability derivatives		$	—		$	2.6		$	2.7	$	5.3

Substantially all of the derivative contracts are subject to master netting arrangements, or similar agreements with each counterparty, which provide for the option to settle contracts on a net basis when they settle on the same day and in the same currency. In addition, these arrangements provide for a net settlement of all contracts with a given counterparty in the event that the arrangement is terminated due to the occurrence of default or a termination event. The Company presents the outstanding derivative contracts on a net basis by counterparty in the consolidated balance sheets. If the Company had chosen to present the derivative contracts on a gross basis, the total asset derivatives would have been ~~$15.6~~$20.4 million and total liability derivatives would have been ~~$8.5~~$2.5 million as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021.

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

According to the provisions of the ~~Company’s~~Company's derivative arrangements, in the event that the fair value of outstanding derivative positions with certain counterparties exceeds certain thresholds, the Company may be required to issue cash collateral to the counterparties. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had 0no cash collateral held by counterparties.

The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by counterparties on its derivative instruments as well as credit or performance risk with respect to its customer commitments to perform. Although nonperformance is possible, the Company does not anticipate nonperformance by any of the parties. In addition, various master netting arrangements are in place with counterparties to facilitate settlements of gains and losses on these contracts.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

Cash Flow and Fair Value Hedges

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of AOCI and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transactions affect earnings or it becomes probable the forecasted transactions will not occur. The following is a summary of the gains (losses) related to cash flow hedges recognized during the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020:


	Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCI on Derivatives
	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
Commodity contracts	$	1.3	$	9.2	$	1.0	$	23.0
Foreign exchange contracts	—		(0.1)		—		(0.1)
Total	$	1.3	$	9.1	$	1.0	$	22.9


		Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCI on Derivatives
		Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions)										($ in millions)	Location of (Loss) Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income		Amount of (Loss) Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income
												Three Months Ended December 31,
	($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020				2021			2020
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:	Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:									Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
Commodity contracts	Commodity contracts	$	3.4	$	(9.6)	$	26.5	$	(8.3)	Commodity contracts		Cost of sales			$	(1.0)			$	2.4
Foreign exchange contracts	Foreign exchange contracts	0.1		0.3		0		(0.7)		Foreign exchange contracts	Net sales		—				—
Forward interest rate swaps										Forward interest rate swaps	Interest expense, net		0.1				0.1
Total	Total	$	3.5	$	(9.3)	$	26.5	$	(9.0)	Total			$	(0.9)			$	2.5

($ in millions) Location of Gain
Reclassified from AOCI into
Income Amount of Gain Reclassified from AOCI
into Income
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2021 2020
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
  Commodity contracts Cost of sales $ 1.4 $ 2.2
  Foreign exchange contracts Net sales 0 0.1
  Forward interest rate swaps Interest expense 0.1 0.1
Total $ 1.5 $ 2.4

($ in millions) Location of Gain
Reclassified from AOCI into
Income Amount of Gain Reclassified from AOCI
into Income
Nine Months Ended
March 31,
2021 2020
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
  Commodity contracts Cost of sales $ 6.6 $ 9.7
  Foreign exchange contracts Net sales 0 0.7
  Forward interest rate swaps Interest expense 0.3 0.3
Total $ 6.9 $ 10.7

The following is a summary of total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income in which the effects of cash flow and fair value hedges are recorded during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:


($ in millions)	Location of (Loss) Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income	Amount of (Loss) Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income
		Six Months Ended December 31,
		2021		2020
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
Commodity contracts	Cost of sales	$	(2.9)	$	5.2
Foreign exchange contracts	Net sales	—		—
Forward interest rate swaps	Interest expense, net	0.2		0.2
Total		$	(2.7)	$	5.4

2322

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2021 Three Months Ended
March 31, 2020
($ in millions) Net Sales Cost of Sales Interest Expense Net Sales Cost of Sales Interest Expense
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations in which the effects of cash flow and fair value hedges are recorded $ 351.9 $ 336.5 $ 8.9 $ 585.4 $ 475.9 $ 4.9
Gain on Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
   Commodity contracts
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income $ 0 $ 1.4 $ 0 $ 0 $ 2.2 $ 0
   Foreign currency forward contracts
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income 0 0 0 0.1 0 0
   Interest rate swap agreements
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income 0 0 0.1 0 0 0.1
(Loss) gain on Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationship:
   Interest rate swap agreements
         Hedged Item 0 0 0 0 0 (0.6)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments 0 0 0 0 0 0.6
Total gain $ 0 $ 1.4 $ 0.1 $ 0.1 $ 2.2 $ 0.1
The following is a summary of total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of operations in which the effects of cash flow and fair value hedges are recorded during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:


		Nine Months Ended March 31, 2021						Nine Months Ended March 31, 2020							Three Months Ended December 31, 2021						Three Months Ended December 31, 2020
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	Net Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense*		Net Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense		($ in millions)	Net Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense		Net Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations in which the effects of cash flow and fair value hedges are recorded	Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations in which the effects of cash flow and fair value hedges are recorded	$	1,054	$	1,029.1	$	23.5	$	1,743.8	$	1,409.0	$	15.6	Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations in which the effects of cash flow and fair value hedges are recorded	$	396.0	$	382.9	$	10.1	$	348.8	$	342.8	$	7.9

Gain on Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
(Loss) Gain on Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:														(Loss) Gain on Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
Commodity contracts	Commodity contracts													Commodity contracts
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income		$	0	$	6.6	$	0	$	0	$	9.7	$	0
Foreign currency forward contracts
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income		0		0		0		0.7		0		0
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI to income														Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI to income	$	—	$	(1.0)	$	—	$	—	$	2.4	$	—

Interest rate swap agreements	Interest rate swap agreements													Interest rate swap agreements
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income	Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income	0		0		0.3		0		0		0.3		Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income	—		—		0.1		—		—		0.1
(Loss) gain on Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationship:
Interest rate swap agreements
Hedged Item		0		0		(2.7)		0		0		(0.7)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments		0		0		2.7		0		0		0.7
Total gain		$	0	$	6.6	$	0.3	$	0.7	$	9.7	$	0.3

Total (loss) gain														Total (loss) gain	$	—	$	(1.0)	$	0.1	$	—	$	2.4	$	0.1


	Six Months Ended December 31, 2021						Six Months Ended December 31, 2020
($ in millions)	Net Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense		Net Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense*
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations in which the effects of cash flow and fair value hedges are recorded	$	783.6	$	745.3	$	20.3	$	702.1	$	692.6	$	14.6

(Loss) gain on Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
Commodity contracts
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI to income	$	—	$	(2.9)	$	—	$	—	$	5.2	$	—


Interest rate swap agreements
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income	—		—		0.2		—		—		0.2
(Loss) gain on Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationship:
Interest rate swap agreements
Hedged Item	—		—		—		—		—		(2.7)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	—		—		—		—		—		2.7
Total (loss) gain	$	—	$	(2.9)	$	0.2	$	—	$	5.2	$	0.2

* ~~$2.3~~$2.3 million of gains related to the interest rate swap agreements were recorded as a decrease to debt extinguishment losses.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

The Company estimates that ~~$3.8~~$10.2 million of net derivative gains included in AOCI as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 will be reclassified into income within the next 12 months. No significant cash flow hedges were discontinued during the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021.

As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, and June 30, ~~2020, the following~~2021, there were no amounts ~~were~~ recorded on the consolidated balance sheets related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges of interest rate ~~risk:~~

Carrying amount of the hedged liabilities Cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustment included in the carrying amount of the hedged liabilities
($ in millions) March 31, 2021 June 30, 2020 March 31, 2021 June 30, 2020
Line item in the consolidated balance sheets in which the hedged item is included
Long-term debt $ 0 $ 152.8 $ 0 $ 2.8
risk.

~~16.~~

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

15. Other (Income) Expense, Net

Other (income) expense, net consisted of the following:

Three Months Ended
March 31, Nine Months Ended
March 31,
($ in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Unrealized gains (losses) on company-owned life insurance contracts and investments held in rabbi trusts $ 1.2 $ (3.9) $ 5.6 $ (2.5)
Foreign exchange (loss) gain (0.4) 0.7 (3.9) 1.0
Pension earnings, interest and deferrals (0.2) (0.7) (2.2) (2.2)
Pension settlement charge (8.9) 0 (8.9) 0
Other 0 0 0 0.3
Total other expense, net $ (8.3) $ (3.9) $ (9.4) $ (3.4)


	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Unrealized gains on company-owned life insurance contracts and investments held in rabbi trusts	$	(2.4)	$	(3.1)	$	(2.2)	$	(4.4)
Foreign exchange loss	0.3		0.8		0.6		3.5

Pension earnings, interest and deferrals	(4.5)		1.0		(9.1)		2.0


Total other (income) expense, net	$	(6.6)	$	(1.3)	$	(10.7)	$	1.1

~~17.~~16. Income Taxes

The effective tax rate used for interim periods is the estimated annual effective consolidated tax rate, based on the current estimate of full year results, except that taxes related to specific events, if any, are recorded in the interim period in which they occur. The annual effective tax rate is based upon a number of significant estimates and judgments, including the estimated annual pre-tax income, or loss, of the Company in each tax jurisdiction in which it operates, and the development of tax planning strategies during the year. In addition, the Company’s tax expense or benefit can be impacted by changes in tax rates or laws, the finalization of tax audits, and other factors that cannot be predicted with certainty. As such, there can be significant volatility in interim tax provisions.

During the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, deferred taxes were determined by the year-to-date tax benefit with current taxes accounting for the remaining tax benefit recorded in the period. Income tax benefit was $5.6 million, or 16.0 percent of pre-tax loss for the three months ended December 31, 2021, as compared with income tax benefit of $10.7 million, or 11.2 percent of pre-tax loss for the three months ended December 31, 2020. Income tax benefit for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 was ~~$16.7~~$16.1 million or ~~29.2~~26.7 percent of pre-tax loss as compared with ~~income tax expense of $10.0~~$29.7 million or ~~20.0 percent of pre-tax income for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Income tax benefit in the nine months ended March 31, 2021 was $46.4 million, or 21.2~~18.4 percent of pre-tax loss ~~as compared with income tax expense of $34.6 million, or 22.4 percent of pre-tax income for~~in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2020.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION~~

~~NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

Income tax benefit for the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 ~~includes discrete tax benefits of $2.2 million associated with pension settlement charges, $1.8 million~~reflects a change in the estimated full year results for the impact of restructuring and asset impairment charges and $0.8 million as a result of changes in the Company’s prior year tax positions. Additionally, the anticipated benefit for the carryback of the current year net operating loss to fiscal ~~years with higher tax rates is included in this period.~~year. Also included ~~are~~is the unfavorable ~~impacts~~impact of losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized. Income tax benefit for the three months ended December 31, 2020 included the unfavorable impacts of a non-deductible goodwill impairment charge and losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized. Additionally, the anticipated benefit for the carryback of the fiscal year 2021 net operating loss to fiscal years with higher tax rates was included in this period. Excluding the discrete tax ~~impacts~~impact of the ~~pension settlement charges, restructuring and asset~~$52.8 million non-deductible goodwill impairment ~~charges and changes in the Company’s prior year tax position,~~charge, the tax rate for the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2021~~2020 would have been ~~29.3%.~~ 24.8 percent.

Income tax ~~expense in~~benefit for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2020 included discrete tax benefits of $1.6 million as a result of changes in~~2021 includes the ~~Company’s prior year tax positions as well as the~~unfavorable impact of losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized.

Income tax benefit for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2021 includes~~2020 included the unfavorable impacts of ~~the $52.8 million~~a non-deductible goodwill impairment charge and losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized as well as discrete tax benefits of ~~$2.2 million associated with pension settlement charges,~~ $2.0 million associated with the debt extinguishment losses, net ~~$4.2~~and $2.4 million for the impact of restructuring and asset impairment ~~charges and $0.8 million as a result of changes in the Company’s prior year tax positions.~~charges. Additionally, the anticipated benefit for the carryback of the ~~current~~fiscal year 2021 net operating loss to fiscal years with higher tax rates iswas included in this period. Also included is a tax charge of $1.2 million attributable to employee share-based compensation. Excluding the discrete tax impacts of the $52.8 million non-deductible goodwill impairment charge, ~~pension settlement charges,~~ debt extinguishment losses, net and restructuring and asset impairment charges, ~~and changes in the Company’s prior year tax position,~~ the tax rate for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2021~~2020 would have been ~~28.2~~27.1 percent. Income tax expense in the nine months ended March 31, 2020 included discrete tax benefits of $1.6 million as a result of changes in the Company’s prior year tax positions and $0.5 million attributable to employee share-based compensation. Also included was the impact of losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized.

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the ~~“CARES Act”~~"CARES Act") was enacted on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act established new provisions, including but not limited to, expanded deduction of certain qualified capital expenditures, delayed payment of certain employment taxes, expanded use of net operating losses, reduced limitations on deductions of interest expense and extension of funding for defined benefit plans. The net operating loss provision is expected to provide incremental tax benefits of approximately $7.0 million due to the higher tax rates in the expanded carryback period. The other provisions in the CARES Act are not expected to have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

~~18.~~

Table of Contents

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

17. Business Segments

The Company has 2 reportable segments, SAO and PEP.

The SAO segment is comprised of the ~~Company’s~~Company's major premium alloy and stainless steel manufacturing operations. This includes operations performed at mills primarily in Reading and Latrobe, Pennsylvania and surrounding areas as well as South Carolina and Alabama. The combined assets of the SAO operations are managed in an integrated manner to optimize efficiency and profitability across the total system.

The PEP segment is comprised of the Company's differentiated operations. This segment includes the Dynamet titanium business, the Carpenter Additive business and the Latrobe and Mexico distribution businesses. ~~Effective July 1, 2020 the Company's Carpenter Powder Products business was merged into the Carpenter Additive business.~~ The Amega West business was ~~also~~ part of the PEP segment however it was sold during the quarter ended September 30, 2020. The businesses in the PEP segment are managed with an entrepreneurial structure to promote flexibility and agility to quickly respond to market dynamics.

The ~~Company’s~~Company's executive management evaluates the performance of these operating segments based on sales, operating income and cash flow generation. Segment operating ~~profit excludes~~results exclude general corporate costs, which are comprised of executive and director compensation and other corporate facilities and administrative expenses not allocated to the segments. Also excluded are items that management considers not representative of ongoing operations, such as restructuring charges and other specifically-identified income or expense items.

On a consolidated basis, no single customer accounted for 10 percent or more of net sales for the three and six months ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. On a consolidated basis, no single customer accounted for 10 percent or more of accounts receivable outstanding at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021.


	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net Sales:
Specialty Alloys Operations	$	330.8	$	300.4	$	662.8	$	601.1
Performance Engineered Products	85.7		54.8		160.3		116.7
Intersegment	(20.5)		(6.4)		(39.5)		(15.7)
Consolidated net sales	$	396.0	$	348.8	$	783.6	$	702.1


	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Operating (Loss) Income:
Specialty Alloys Operations	$	(20.3)	$	(11.6)	$	(26.2)	$	(30.2)
Performance Engineered Products	3.0		(7.2)		3.6		(10.9)
Corporate costs (including restructuring and asset impairment charges)	(14.5)		(70.6)		(28.6)		(97.1)
Intersegment	0.3		0.4		0.6		0.4
Consolidated operating loss	$	(31.5)	$	(89.0)	$	(50.6)	$	(137.8)

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CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

On a consolidated basis, no single customer accounted for 10 percent or more of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and one customer, Howmet Aerospace Inc., accounted for approximately 10 percent of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2020. On a consolidated basis, no single customer accounted for 10 percent or more of net sales for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and one customer, Howmet Aerospace Inc., accounted for approximately 10 percent of net sales for the nine months ended March 31, 2020. On a consolidated basis, no single customer accounted for 10 percent or more of accounts receivable outstanding at March 31, 2021. Approximately 10 percent of the accounts receivable outstanding at June 30, 2020 was due from one customer, Howmet Aerospace Inc.


	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Depreciation and Amortization:
Specialty Alloys Operations	$	27.4	$	23.3	$	54.6	$	46.5
Performance Engineered Products	4.0		4.2		7.9		10.3
Corporate	1.4		1.0		2.8		2.7
Intersegment	—		0.1		—		0.1
Consolidated depreciation and amortization	$	32.8	$	28.6	$	65.3	$	59.6


	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Capital Expenditures:
Specialty Alloys Operations	$	16.6	$	15.7	$	28.7	$	37.4
Performance Engineered Products	2.0		1.1		3.2		3.2
Corporate	0.5		9.8		1.5		19.3

Consolidated capital expenditures	$	19.1	$	26.6	$	33.4	$	59.9


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,				December 31, 2021		June 30, 2021
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020						June 30, 2021
Net Sales:
Total Assets:											Total Assets:
Specialty Alloys Operations	Specialty Alloys Operations	$	299.6	$	488.1	$	900.8	$	1,462.2		Specialty Alloys Operations	$	2,222.3		$	2,150.1
Performance Engineered Products	Performance Engineered Products	65.7		108.6		182.3		324.0			Performance Engineered Products	419.6			418.5
Corporate											Corporate	233.9			402.2
Intersegment	Intersegment	(13.4)		(11.3)		(29.1)		(42.4)			Intersegment	4.1			0.4
Consolidated net sales		$	351.9	$	585.4	$	1,054.0	$	1,743.8
Consolidated total assets											Consolidated total assets	$	2,879.9		$	2,971.2

Three Months Ended
March 31, Nine Months Ended
March 31,
($ in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Operating (Loss) Income:
Specialty Alloys Operations $ (9.9) $ 76.4 $ (40.1) $ 233.7
Performance Engineered Products (3.3) (0.3) (14.2) (2.0)
Corporate costs (including restructuring and asset impairment charges) (26.3) (17.8) (123.4) (58.8)
Intersegment (0.5) 0.4 (0.1) 0.6
Consolidated operating (loss) income $ (40.0) $ 58.7 $ (177.8) $ 173.5

Three Months Ended
March 31, Nine Months Ended
March 31,
($ in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Depreciation and Amortization:
Specialty Alloys Operations $ 26.5 $ 23.1 $ 73.1 $ 69.8
Performance Engineered Products 4.1 6.5 14.4 18.5
Corporate 1.4 1.8 4.1 4.4
Intersegment 0 (0.2) 0 (0.5)
Consolidated depreciation and amortization $ 32.0 $ 31.2 $ 91.6 $ 92.2

Three Months Ended
March 31, Nine Months Ended
March 31,
($ in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Capital Expenditures:
Specialty Alloys Operations $ 13.4 $ 34.1 $ 50.8 $ 84.3
Performance Engineered Products 1.2 4.3 4.4 15.9
Corporate 4.0 11.3 23.3 43.9
Intersegment 0 0 0 (0.1)
Consolidated capital expenditures $ 18.6 $ 49.7 $ 78.5 $ 144.0

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CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

March 31,
2021 June 30,
2020
($ in millions)
Total Assets:
Specialty Alloys Operations $ 2,232.1 $ 2,259.0
Performance Engineered Products 446.7 548.5
Corporate 362.4 428.9
Intersegment (30.2) (9.2)
Consolidated total assets $ 3,011.0 $ 3,227.2

~~19.~~18. Reclassifications from Accumulated Other Comprehensive ~~Income (Loss) (AOCI)~~Loss

The changes in AOCI by component, net of tax, for the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
($ in millions) (a) Cash flow
hedging items Pension and
other
postretirement
benefit plan
items Foreign
currency
items Total
Balances at December 31, 2020 $ 2.1 $ (327.1) $ (38.1) $ (363.1)
Other comprehensive gain (loss) before reclassifications 2.8 86.4 (3.7) 85.5
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (b) (1.1) 11.7 0 10.6
Net other comprehensive income (loss) 1.7 98.1 (3.7) 96.1
Balances at March 31, 2021 $ 3.8 $ (229.0) $ (41.8) $ (267.0)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
($ in millions) (a) Cash flow
hedging items Pension and
other
postretirement
benefit plan
items Foreign
currency
items Total
Balances at December 31, 2019 $ (7.2) $ (287.3) $ (41.8) $ (336.3)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications (7.1) 0 (13.2) (20.3)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (b) (1.8) 3.1 0 1.3
Net other comprehensive (loss) income (8.9) 3.1 (13.2) (19.0)
Balances at March 31, 2020 $ (16.1) $ (284.2) $ (55.0) $ (355.3)


Three Months Ended December 31, 2021 ($ in millions) (a)	Cash flow hedging items		Pension and other postretirement benefit plan items		Foreign currency items		Total
Balances at September 30, 2021	$	8.0	$	(158.0)	$	(42.2)	$	(192.2)
Other comprehensive gain (loss) before reclassifications	1.0		(0.3)		(0.7)		—
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (b)	0.7		1.1		—		1.8
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	1.7		0.8		(0.7)		1.8
Balances at December 31, 2021	$	9.7	$	(157.2)	$	(42.9)	$	(190.4)


Three Months Ended December 31, 2020 ($ in millions) (a)	Cash flow hedging items		Pension and other postretirement benefit plan items		Foreign currency items		Total
Balances at September 30, 2020	$	(2.8)	$	(330.7)	$	(46.9)	$	(380.4)

Other comprehensive gain before reclassifications	6.9		—		8.8		15.7
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (b)	(2.0)		3.6		—		1.6
Net other comprehensive income	4.9		3.6		8.8		17.3
Balances at December 31, 2020	$	2.1	$	(327.1)	$	(38.1)	$	(363.1)

(a) All amounts are net of tax. Amounts in parentheses indicate debits.

(b) See separate table below for further details.

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CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The changes in AOCI by component, net of tax, for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

Nine Months Ended March 31, 2021
($ in millions) (a) Cash flow
hedging items Pension and
other
postretirement
benefit plan
items Foreign
currency
items Total
Balances at June 30, 2020 $ (11.1) $ (334.3) $ (52.6) $ (398.0)
Other comprehensive gain before reclassifications 20.1 86.4 10.8 117.3
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (b) (5.2) 18.9 0 13.7
Net other comprehensive income 14.9 105.3 10.8 131.0
Balances at March 31, 2021 $ 3.8 $ (229.0) $ (41.8) $ (267.0)


Six Months Ended December 31, 2021 ($ in millions) (a)	Cash flow hedging items		Pension and other postretirement benefit plan items		Foreign currency items		Total
Balances at June 30, 2021	$	6.9	$	(159.1)	$	(40.1)	$	(192.3)
Other comprehensive gain (loss) before reclassifications	0.7		(0.3)		(2.8)		(2.4)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (b)	2.1		2.2		—		4.3
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	2.8		1.9		(2.8)		1.9
Balances at December 31, 2021	$	9.7	$	(157.2)	$	(42.9)	$	(190.4)

Nine Months Ended March 31, 2020
($ in millions) (a) Cash flow
hedging items Pension and
other
postretirement
benefit plan
items Foreign
currency
items Total
Balances at June 30, 2019 $ (14.8) $ (293.3) $ (43.7) $ (351.8)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 6.8 0 (11.3) (4.5)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (b) (8.1) 9.1 0 1.0
Net other comprehensive (loss) income (1.3) 9.1 (11.3) (3.5)
Balances at March 31, 2020 $ (16.1) $ (284.2) $ (55.0) $ (355.3)


Six Months Ended December 31, 2020 ($ in millions) (a)	Cash flow hedging items		Pension and other postretirement benefit plan items		Foreign currency items		Total
Balances at June 30, 2020	$	(11.1)	$	(334.3)	$	(52.6)	$	(398.0)
Other comprehensive gain before reclassifications	17.3		—		14.5		31.8
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (b)	(4.1)		7.2		—		3.1
Net other comprehensive income	13.2		7.2		14.5		34.9
Balances at December 31, 2020	$	2.1	$	(327.1)	$	(38.1)	$	(363.1)

(a) All amounts are net of tax. Amounts in parentheses indicate debits.

(b) See separate table below for further details.

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CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following is a summary of amounts reclassified from AOCI for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020:


Details about AOCI Components	Details about AOCI Components	Location of gain		Amount Reclassified from AOCI Three Months Ended March 31,						Amount Reclassified from AOCI Nine Months Ended March 31,					Details about AOCI Components	Location of (loss) gain			Amount Reclassified from AOCI Three Months Ended December 31,							Amount Reclassified from AOCI Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions) (a)	($ in millions) (a)		2021			2020			2021			2020						Location of (loss) gain			2021				2020				2021				2020
Cash flow hedging items:	Cash flow hedging items:																		Cash flow hedging items:
Commodity contracts	Commodity contracts	Cost of sales		$	1.4		$	2.2		$	6.6		$	9.7			Commodity contracts			Cost of sales			$	(1.0)			$	2.4			$	(2.9)			$	5.2
Foreign exchange contracts		Net sales		0			0.1			0			0.7

Forward interest rate swaps	Forward interest rate swaps	Interest expense		0.1			0.1			0.3			0.3				Forward interest rate swaps		Interest expense, net			0.1				0.1				0.2				0.2
Total before tax	Total before tax			1.5			2.4			6.9			10.7				Total before tax					(0.9)				2.5				(2.7)				5.4
Tax expense				(0.4)			(0.6)			(1.7)			(2.6)
Tax benefit (expense)																	Tax benefit (expense)					0.2				(0.5)				0.6				(1.3)
Net of tax	Net of tax			$	1.1		$	1.8		$	5.2		$	8.1			Net of tax					$	(0.7)			$	2.0			$	(2.1)			$	4.1


Details about AOCI Components	Details about AOCI Components	Location of (loss) gain		Amount Reclassified from AOCI Three Months Ended March 31,						Amount Reclassified from AOCI Nine Months Ended March 31,					Details about AOCI Components	Location of (loss) gain			Amount Reclassified from AOCI Three Months Ended December 31,							Amount Reclassified from AOCI Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions) (a)	($ in millions) (a)		2021			2020			2021			2020						Location of (loss) gain			2021				2020				2021				2020
Amortization of pension and other postretirement benefit plan items:	Amortization of pension and other postretirement benefit plan items:																		Amortization of pension and other postretirement benefit plan items:
Net actuarial loss	Net actuarial loss	(b)		$	(4.7)		$	(4.5)		$	(15.1)		$	(13.5)			Net actuarial loss			(b)			$	(1.9)			$	(5.2)			$	(3.8)			$	(10.4)
Prior service benefit	Prior service benefit	(b)		0.5			0.5			1.6			1.3				Prior service benefit		(b)			0.4				0.5				0.8				1.0
Settlement charge		(b)		(8.9)			0			(8.9)			0

Total before tax	Total before tax			(13.1)			(4.0)			(22.4)			(12.2)				Total before tax					(1.5)				(4.7)				(3.0)				(9.4)
Tax benefit	Tax benefit			1.4			0.9			3.5			3.1				Tax benefit					0.4				1.1				0.8				2.2
Net of tax	Net of tax			$	(11.7)		$	(3.1)		$	(18.9)		$	(9.1)			Net of tax					$	(1.1)			$	(3.6)			$	(2.2)			$	(7.2)

(a) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to income/loss.

(b) These AOCI components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see Note ~~10.~~9. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits for additional details).

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Background and General

We are a producer and distributor of premium specialty alloys, including titanium alloys, powder metals, stainless steels, alloy steels and tool ~~steels as well as drilling tools.~~steels. We are a recognized leader in high-performance specialty alloy-based materials and process solutions for critical applications in the aerospace, defense, medical, transportation, energy, industrial and consumer markets. We have evolved to become a pioneer in premium specialty alloys, including titanium, nickel, and cobalt, as well as alloys specifically engineered for additive manufacturing ~~(“AM”~~("AM") processes and soft magnetics applications. We have expanded our AM capabilities to provide a complete ~~“end-to-end”~~"end-to-end" solution to accelerate materials innovation and streamline parts production. We primarily process basic raw materials such as nickel, cobalt, titanium, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, iron scrap and other metal alloying elements through various melting, hot forming and cold working facilities to produce finished products in the form of billet, bar, rod, wire and narrow strip in many sizes and finishes. We also produce certain metal powders and parts. Our sales are distributed directly from our production plants and distribution network as well as through independent distributors. Unlike many other specialty steel producers, we operate our own worldwide network of service and distribution centers. These service centers, located in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Europe and Asia allow us to work more closely with customers and to offer various just-in-time stocking programs.

~~Table of Contents~~

As part of our overall business strategy, we have sought out and considered opportunities related to strategic acquisitions and joint collaborations as well as possible business unit dispositions aimed at broadening our offering to the marketplace. We have participated with other companies to explore potential terms and structures of such opportunities and expect that we will continue to evaluate these opportunities.

Our discussions below in this Item 2 are based upon the more detailed discussions about our business, operations and financial condition included in Item 7 of our ~~2020~~2021 Form 10-K. Our discussions here focus on our results during or as of the three and ~~nine-month~~six-month periods ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and the comparable periods of fiscal year ~~2020,~~2021, and to the extent applicable, on material changes from information discussed in the ~~2020~~2021 Form 10-K and other important intervening developments or information that we have reported on Form 8-K. These discussions should be read in conjunction with the ~~2020~~2021 Form 10-K for detailed background information and with any such intervening Form 8-K.

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Impact of Raw Material Prices and Product Mix

We value most of our inventory utilizing the last-in, first-out ~~(“LIFO”~~("LIFO") inventory costing method. Under the LIFO inventory costing method, changes in the cost of raw materials and production activities are recognized in cost of sales in the current period even though these materials may potentially have been acquired at significantly different values due to the length of time from the acquisition of the raw materials to the sale of the processed finished goods to the customers. In a period of rising raw material costs, the LIFO inventory valuation normally results in higher cost of sales. Conversely, in a period of decreasing raw material costs, the LIFO inventory valuation normally results in lower cost of sales.

The volatility of the costs of raw materials has impacted our operations over the past several years. We, and others in our industry, generally have been able to pass cost increases on major raw materials through to our customers using surcharges that are structured to recover increases in raw material costs. Generally, the formula used to calculate a surcharge is based on published prices of the respective raw materials for the previous month which correlates to the prices we pay for our raw material purchases. However, a portion of our surcharges to customers may be calculated using a different surcharge formula or may be based on the raw material prices at the time of order, which creates a lag between surcharge revenue and corresponding raw material costs recognized in cost of sales. The surcharge mechanism protects our net income on such sales except for the lag effect discussed above. However, surcharges have had a dilutive effect on our gross margin and operating margin percentages as described later in this report.

Approximately 2025 percent of our net sales are sales to customers under firm price sales arrangements. Firm price sales arrangements involve a risk of profit margin fluctuations, particularly when raw material prices are volatile. In order to reduce the risk of fluctuating profit margins on these sales, we enter into commodity forward contracts to purchase certain critical raw materials necessary to produce the related products sold. Firm price sales arrangements generally include certain annual purchasing commitments and consumption schedules agreed to by the customers at selling prices based on raw material prices at the time the arrangements are established. If a customer fails to meet the volume commitments (or the consumption schedule deviates from the agreed-upon terms of the firm price sales arrangements), ~~the Company~~we may need to absorb the gains or losses associated with the commodity forward contracts on a temporary basis. Gains or losses associated with commodity forward contracts are reclassified to earnings/loss when earnings are impacted by the hedged transaction. Because we value most of our inventory under the LIFO costing methodology, changes in the cost of raw materials and production activities are recognized in cost of sales in the current period attempting to match the most recently incurred costs with revenues. Gains or losses on the commodity forward contracts are reclassified from other comprehensive (loss) income together with the actual purchase price of the underlying commodities when the underlying commodities are purchased and recorded in inventory. To the extent that the total purchase price of the commodities, inclusive of the gains or losses on the commodity forward contracts, are higher or lower relative to the beginning of year costs, our cost of goods sold reflects such amounts. Accordingly, the gains and/or losses associated with commodity forward contracts may not impact the same period that the firm price sales arrangements revenue is recognized, and comparisons of gross profit from period to period may be impacted. These firm price sales arrangements are expected to continue as we look to strengthen our long-term customer relationships by expanding, renewing and in certain cases extending to a longer-term, our customer long-term arrangements.

We produce hundreds of grades of materials with a wide range of pricing and profit levels depending on the grade. In addition, our product mix within a period is subject to the fluctuating order patterns of our customers as well as decisions we may make on participation in certain products based on available capacity, including the impacts of capacity commitments we may have under existing customer agreements. While we expect to see positive contribution from a more favorable product mix in our margin performance over time, the impact by period may fluctuate and period-to-period comparisons may vary.

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Net Pension ~~Expense~~Benefit

Net pension ~~expense,~~benefit, as we define it below, includes the net periodic benefit costs related to both our pension and other postretirement plans. The net periodic benefit costs are determined annually based on beginning of year balances and are recorded ratably throughout the fiscal year, unless a significant remeasurement event occurs. We currently expect ~~that~~ the total net ~~periodic benefit costs~~pension income for fiscal year ~~2021~~2022 will be ~~$22.1~~$7.3 million as compared with ~~$15.0~~net pension expense of $24.6 million in fiscal year ~~2020.~~

~~In March~~ 2021, we evaluated the need for settlement accounting under ASC 715-30-35-82 based on the higher than normal lump-sum payments made during the current fiscal year in our largest defined benefit plan. We determined that it was probable the lump-sum payments would exceed the threshold of service cost and interest cost components and settlement accounting was required. We recordedwhich included a settlement charge of ~~$8.9~~$11.4 million ~~in the quarter ended March 31, 2021.~~recorded within other (income) expense, net.

The following is the net pension (income) expense for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020			($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Pension plans	Pension plans	$	11.3	$	3.0	$	17.7	$	9.0		Pension plans	$	(1.0)	$	3.2	$	(2.0)	$	6.4
Other postretirement plans	Other postretirement plans	0.9		0.8		2.6		2.5			Other postretirement plans	(0.8)		0.8		(1.6)		1.7
Net periodic benefit costs		$	12.2	$	3.8	$	20.3	$	11.5
Net pension (income) expense											Net pension (income) expense	$	(1.8)	$	4.0	$	(3.6)	$	8.1

Net pension (income) expense is recorded in accounts that are included in cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses based on the function of the associated employees and in other (income) expense, net. The following is a summary of the classification of net pension (income) expense for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020			($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020

Service cost included in Cost of sales	Service cost included in Cost of sales	$	2.7	$	2.7	$	8.1	$	8.2		Service cost included in Cost of sales	$	2.4	$	2.7	$	4.8	$	5.4

Service cost included in Selling, general and administrative expenses	Service cost included in Selling, general and administrative expenses	0.4		0.4		1.1		1.1			Service cost included in Selling, general and administrative expenses	0.3		0.3		0.7		0.7

Pension earnings, interest and deferrals included in Other expense, net		0.2		0.7		2.2		2.2
Settlement charge included in Other expense, net		8.9		—		8.9		—
Net periodic benefit costs		$	12.2	$	3.8	$	20.3	$	11.5
Pension earnings, interest and deferrals included in Other (income) expense, net											Pension earnings, interest and deferrals included in Other (income) expense, net	(4.5)		1.0		(9.1)		2.0

Net pension (income) expense											Net pension (income) expense	$	(1.8)	$	4.0	$	(3.6)	$	8.1

As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020,~~2021, service cost amounts related to the net pension (income) expense capitalized in gross inventory were ~~$1.1~~$1.0 million and ~~$1.6~~$1.0 million, respectively.

Operating Performance Overview

~~Our third quarter fiscal year~~During the three months ended December 31, 2021, ~~results were in-line~~demand continued to improve as the recovery takes hold across our end-use markets, with our ~~expectations as we~~backlog up 35 percent sequentially and 106 percent year-over-year. We continue to ~~weather~~see signs of the Aerospace recovery with lead times increasing despite any near-term ~~volume headwinds as we had anticipated. While current conditions remain challenging, we have recently completed multiple contract extensions~~uncertainties from the latest wave of COVID-19 cases.

Our PEP segment finished ahead of our expectations during the three months ended December 31, 2021, driven primarily by strong demand in the Medical ~~Transportation~~end-use market. Within the SAO segment, near-term operational headwinds impacted our performance for the three months ended December 31, 2021 including production employee COVID-19 isolations, supply chain disruptions, and ~~Aerospace~~hiring challenges in a difficult labor environment. In addition, the unplanned outage of the press at our Reading, PA facility limited our ability to meet our production targets in the current quarter. As a result of the delays, we increased inventory levels during the quarter ended December 31, 2021, which negatively impacted cash flow.

We continue to address our near-term operational challenges and ~~Defense end-use markets. We remain~~expect to have our Reading press back online in ~~close engagement with our customers and during~~ the third quarter ~~began to see initial signs of recovery in some areas of~~ended March 31, 2022. Looking ahead, we believe that we are well positioned for growth given our ~~Aerospace and Defense end-use market. In addition, we continued to capitalize on solid demand~~strong customer relationships, the role our critical solutions play in the ~~Transportation end-use market~~supply chain, and ~~we benefited from signs of~~the improving demand ~~conditions in~~across our ~~Medical~~ end-use ~~market. We finished the current third quarter in a strong financial position with total liquidity of $538.8 million, including $244.2 million of cash on hand as of March 31, 2021.~~markets. Our soft magnetics and additive manufacturing capabilities provide additional opportunities for long-term growth and to deliver increasing returns to our stockholders.

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Looking ahead, we believe end-use market conditions will continue to improve as we move through calendar year 2021. The long-term outlook across our end-use markets remains strong and we are well positioned in each with critical material solutions to address our customers complex needs. We have deepened our customer relationships and continue to believe we will emerge from the pandemic a stronger company. Our core business is centered on delivering mission-critical material solutions and has been for over 130 years. Our investments in additive manufacturing and electrification capabilities further strengthen our sustainable long-term growth profile.

Results of Operations — Three Months Ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 vs. Three Months Ended ~~March~~December 31, 2020

For the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021, we reported a net loss of ~~$40.5~~$29.4 million, or ~~$0.84~~$0.61 loss per diluted share. Excluding the special ~~items,~~item of $1.7 million, as identified below, adjusted loss per diluted share was ~~$0.54~~$0.58 in the current quarter. This compares with net ~~income~~loss for the same period a year earlier of ~~$39.9~~$84.9 million, or ~~$0.82 earnings~~$1.76 loss per diluted share. ~~The current period results reflect~~Excluding special items, adjusted loss per diluted share was $0.61 in the ~~continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy.~~same quarter last year. The results ~~in the current period continue to reflect cost savings realized from restructuring actions initiated primarily in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020. During~~for the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 ~~we recognized~~reflect improving demand patterns with 14 percent increased sales compared to the prior year quarter. Partially offsetting the improved demand for the three months ended December 31, 2021 are near-term operational challenges resulting from the Reading press outage, labor shortages and supply chain disruptions. The prior year period included negative impacts from targeted inventory ~~write-downs~~reductions and ~~restructuring and asset~~a $52.8 million goodwill impairment ~~charges of $7.6 million related to ongoing actions to reduce cost and narrow focus in our Additive reporting unit.~~charge.

COVID-19 related costs negatively impacted operating results by approximately ~~$2.7~~$1.7 million in the ~~third~~ quarter ~~of fiscal year~~ended December 31, 2021 compared to ~~$0.0~~$3.9 million in the ~~prior year quarter.~~three months ended December 31, 2020. These COVID-19 costs principally consist of direct incremental operating costs including outside services to execute enhanced cleaning protocols, additional personal protective equipment, isolation pay for production employees potentially exposed to COVID-19 and various operating supplies necessary to maintain the operations while keeping employees safe against possible exposure in our facilities. The current period results reflect the continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy.

Net Sales

Net sales for the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 were ~~$351.9~~$396.0 million, which was a 4014 percent ~~decrease~~increase over the same period a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales ~~decreased 40~~increased 5 percent on a 399 percent ~~decrease~~increase in shipment volume from the same period a year ago. The results reflect ~~lower~~higher demand in ~~key end-use markets driven by COVID-19 headwinds particularly in our Aerospace and Defense and Medical~~most end-use markets during the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 compared to the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2020. The ~~current year net sales results reflect~~Aerospace and Defense end-use market in particular was impacted by the ~~divestiture of~~unplanned Reading press outage in the ~~Amega West business on September 30, 2020.~~three months ended December 31, 2021.

Geographically, sales ~~outside~~in the United States ~~decreased 42~~increased 22 percent from the same period a year ago to ~~$127.3~~$254.2 million. The increase is driven by higher demand in the Medical and Industrial and Consumer end-use markets. Sales outside the United States increased 1 percent from the same period a year ago to $141.8 million for the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021. The ~~decrease~~increase is ~~primarily~~ driven by ~~weaker~~stronger demand in the Mexico and Asia Pacific regions offset by lower demand in the Aerospace and Defense end-use market ~~across all regions driven by~~in the ~~impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.~~European region. A portion of our sales outside the United States are denominated in foreign currencies. The fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates resulted in a ~~$1.1~~$0.3 million ~~increase~~decrease in sales during the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 compared to the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2020. Net sales outside the United States represented 36 percent and 3740 percent of total net sales for the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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Sales by End-Use Markets

We sell to customers across diversified end-use markets. The following table includes comparative information for our net sales, which includes surcharge revenue by principal end-use markets. We believe this is helpful supplemental information in analyzing the performance of the business from period to period:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				$ (Decrease) Increase				% (Decrease) Increase					Three Months Ended December 31,						$ (Decrease) Increase			% (Decrease) Increase
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020				($ in millions)				2021				2020
Aerospace and Defense	Aerospace and Defense	$	163.0	$	356.4			$	(193.4)				(54)	%	Aerospace and Defense		$	167.6		$	174.5		$	(6.9)		(4)	%
Medical	Medical	35.0		53.0		(18.0)				(34)	%	Medical			46.7			32.4			14.3			44	%
Transportation	Transportation	36.9		33.5		3.4				10	%	Transportation			38.2			31.6			6.6			21	%
Energy	Energy	23.1		32.7		(9.6)				(29)	%	Energy			23.1			22.1			1.0			5	%
Industrial and Consumer	Industrial and Consumer	67.2		80.1		(12.9)				(16)	%	Industrial and Consumer			90.5			66.0			24.5			37	%
Distribution	Distribution	26.7		29.7		(3.0)				(10)	%	Distribution			29.9			22.2			7.7			35	%
Total net sales	Total net sales	$	351.9	$	585.4	$	(233.5)			(40)	%	Total net sales			$	396.0		$	348.8		$	47.2		14	%

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The following table includes comparative information for our net sales by the same principal end-use markets, but excluding surcharge revenue:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				$ (Decrease) Increase				% (Decrease) Increase					Three Months Ended December 31,						$ (Decrease) Increase			% (Decrease) Increase
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020				($ in millions)				2021				2020
Aerospace and Defense	Aerospace and Defense	$	137.3	$	293.4			$	(156.1)				(53)	%	Aerospace and Defense		$	134.0		$	148.5		$	(14.5)		(10)	%
Medical	Medical	31.1		47.7		(16.6)				(35)	%	Medical			40.4			29.0			11.4			39	%
Transportation	Transportation	29.1		27.8		1.3				5	%	Transportation			28.5			25.8			2.7			10	%
Energy	Energy	18.1		28.8		(10.7)				(37)	%	Energy			16.0			17.7			(1.7)			(10)	%
Industrial and Consumer	Industrial and Consumer	55.9		67.8		(11.9)				(18)	%	Industrial and Consumer			66.4			56.3			10.1			18	%
Distribution	Distribution	26.6		29.5		(2.9)				(10)	%	Distribution			29.6			22.1			7.5			34	%
Total net sales excluding surcharge revenue	Total net sales excluding surcharge revenue	$	298.1	$	495.0	$	(196.9)			(40)	%	Total net sales excluding surcharge revenue			$	314.9		$	299.4		$	15.5		5	%

Sales to the Aerospace and Defense end-use market decreased 544 percent from the ~~third~~second quarter a year ago to ~~$163.0~~$167.6 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales decreased 5310 percent from the ~~third~~second quarter a year ago on a 587 percent decrease in shipment volume. The current year results reflect ~~weaker year-over-year demand in all sub-markets due to the continued impact of lower aircraft OEM build rates due~~near-term operational challenges including labor issues related to COVID-19 ~~travel restrictions.~~isolations and staffing key production positions as well as the unplanned Reading press outage that occurred late in the quarter.

Medical end-use market sales ~~decreased 34~~increased 44 percent from the ~~third~~second quarter a year ago to ~~$35.0~~$46.7 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales ~~decreased 35~~increased 39 percent on 3143 percent ~~lower~~higher shipment volume from the ~~third~~second quarter a year ago. The current second quarter results reflect ~~lower~~stronger demand as a result of the medical supply chain ~~managing~~replenishing inventory levels ~~closely related to ongoing concerns associated with delays of~~as patient confidence had been improving for elective medical ~~procedures from the COVID-19 pandemic.~~procedures.

Transportation end-use market sales increased 1021 percent from the ~~third~~second quarter a year ago to ~~$36.9~~$38.2 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales increased 510 percent on 98 percent higher shipment volume from the ~~third~~second quarter a year ago. The results reflect higher demand for ~~light duty~~medium and heavy-duty vehicles and specialty transportation materials slightly offset by lower demand ~~for medium and heavy duty~~in light-duty vehicles resulting from chip shortages compared to the prior year period.

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Sales to the Energy end-use market of $23.1 million in the current quarter reflect a 295 percent ~~decrease~~increase from the ~~third~~second quarter a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales decreased 3710 percent from a year ago. The results reflect ~~depressed North American drilling activity~~increasing global rig counts and ~~decreased demand globally as a result of~~higher oil prices benefiting the ~~impact of COVID-19. This is slightly offset by higher demand in~~oil and gas sub-market with lower sales for power generation ~~materials. The~~materials compared to the prior year ~~results include the Amega West business which was divested by the Company on September 30, 2020.~~period.

Industrial and Consumer end-use market sales of ~~$67.2~~$90.5 million ~~decreased $12.9~~increased $24.5 million compared to the ~~third~~second quarter a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales ~~decreased~~increased 18 percent on 1829 percent ~~lower~~higher shipment volume. The results reflect ~~lower~~higher demand in Industrial ~~driven by COVID-19 related market impacts partially~~semiconductor and distribution materials slightly offset by ~~higher demand~~a seasonal decline in the ~~consumer~~Consumer electronics and sporting goods ~~sub-market.~~sub-markets.

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Gross Profit

Our gross profit in the ~~third~~second quarter ~~decreased 88 percent~~increased $7.1 million to ~~$12.8~~$13.1 million, or ~~3.6~~3.3 percent of net sales as compared with ~~$109.5~~$6.0 million, or ~~18.7~~1.7 percent of net sales in the same quarter a year ago. Excluding the impact of surcharge revenue, ~~and inventory write-downs from restructuring,~~ our adjusted gross margin in the ~~third~~second quarter was ~~5.2~~4.2 percent as compared to ~~22.1~~2.0 percent in the same period a year ago. The ~~current period results were impacted~~increased gross profit for the three months ended December 31, 2021 reflects improving demand patterns with 14 percent increased sales partially offset by ~~significantly lower volume resulting from~~operational challenges compared to the ~~COVID-19 pandemic, continued~~prior year quarter. The prior year three months ended December 31, 2020 included the impact of targeted inventory reductions ~~and inventory write-downs from restructuring.~~taken to generate cash flow which resulted in negative impacts to gross profit.

While the surcharge generally protects the absolute gross profit dollars, it does have a dilutive effect on gross margin as a percent of sales. The following represents a summary of the dilutive impact of the surcharge on gross margin for the comparative three-month periods. See the section ~~“Non-GAAP~~"Non-GAAP Financial ~~Measures”~~Measures" below for further discussion of these financial measures.


		Three Months Ended March 31,					Three Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020		($ in millions)	2021			2020
Net sales	Net sales	$	351.9	$	585.4	Net sales	$	396.0		$	348.8
Less: surcharge revenue	Less: surcharge revenue	53.8		90.4		Less: surcharge revenue	81.1			49.4
Net sales excluding surcharge revenue	Net sales excluding surcharge revenue	$	298.1	$	495.0	Net sales excluding surcharge revenue	$	314.9		$	299.4

Gross profit	Gross profit	$	12.8	$	109.5	Gross profit	$	13.1		$	6.0
Inventory write-downs from restructuring		2.6		—
Gross profit excluding the inventory write-downs from restructuring		$	15.4	$	109.5

Gross margin	Gross margin	3.6%		18.7%		Gross margin	3.3		%	1.7		%

Gross margin excluding surcharge revenue and inventory write-downs from restructuring		5.2%		22.1%
Gross margin excluding surcharge revenue						Gross margin excluding surcharge revenue	4.2		%	2.0		%

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses of ~~$47.8~~$44.6 million were ~~13.6~~11.3 percent of net sales ~~(16.0~~(14.2 percent of net sales excluding surcharge) as compared with ~~$50.8~~$42.2 million and ~~8.7~~12.1 percent of net sales ~~(10.3~~(14.1 percent of net sales excluding surcharge) in the same quarter a year ago. The ~~lower~~ selling, general and administrative expenses in the current quarter reflect the impacts of the cost saving actions initiated in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020 including lower salaries and benefits in the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the same period a year ago.

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~~Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges~~

~~Restructuring and asset impairment charges~~ for the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 ~~were $5.0 million as compared with $0.0 million of restructuring and asset impairment charges for the three months ended March 31, 2020.~~

During the third quarter ended March 31, 2021, additional restructuring actions were executed within the Additive business in the PEP segment. This included $4.9 million of non-cash impairment charges primarilyreflect higher amortization costs related to certain long-lived assets, certain definite lived intangible assets and operating lease agreements. We also recognized $0.6 million of charges primarily related to various personnel-related costs for severance payments, medical coverage and related items partially offset by proceeds of $0.5 million from the sale of certain production equipment from an ~~idled powder production facility. Additionally as part of these restructuring actions, $2.6 million of inventory write-downs were recorded~~ERP system that was placed in ~~cost of sales in the quarter ended March 31, 2021.~~

~~Operating (Loss) Income~~

~~Our operating loss in the recent third quarter was $40.0 million or negative 11.4 percent of net sales as compared with operating income of~~ ~~$58.7 million or 10.0 percent~~ ~~of net sales in the same quarter a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue and special items, adjusted operating margin was negative 10.0 percent for the most recent quarter as compared with 11.9 percent a year ago. The results for~~service during the third quarter of fiscal year 2021 compared to the same period a year ago were negatively impacted by the significantly lower volume due to the COVID-19 pandemic, targeted inventory reductions to strengthen liquidity and non-cash restructuring and asset impairment charges. These headwinds were partially offset by the various cost savings actions taken by the Company.

The following presents our operating (loss) income and operating margin, in each case excluding the impact of surcharge revenue on net sales and special items. We present and discuss these financial measures because management believes removing these items provides a more consistent and meaningful basis for comparing ongoing results of operations from period to period. See the section “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for further discussion of these financial measures.

Three Months Ended
March 31,
($ in millions) 2021 2020
Net sales $ 351.9 $ 585.4
Less: surcharge revenue 53.8 90.4
Net sales excluding surcharge revenue $ 298.1 $ 495.0
Operating (loss) income $ (40.0) $ 58.7
Special items:
  COVID-19 costs 2.7 —
  Inventory write-downs from restructuring 2.6 —
  Restructuring and asset impairment charges 5.0 —
Operating (loss) income $ (29.7) $ 58.7
Operating margin (11.4) % 10.0 %
Adjusted operating margin excluding surcharge revenue and special items (10.0) % 11.9 %

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~~Interest Expense, Net~~

~~Interest expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $8.9 million compared with~~ ~~$4.9 million in~~ ~~the same period a year ago. We have historically used interest rate swaps to achieve a level of floating rate debt to fixed rate debt where~~ appropriate; all interest rate swaps were terminated as of September 30, 2020 in connection with the prepayment of related Notes. Interest expense, net includes $0.0 million of activity related to interest rate swaps for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and net gains from interest rate swaps of $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, respectively. Capitalized interest reduced interest expense, net by $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

~~Other Expense, Net~~

Other expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $8.3 million as compared with $3.9 million in the same period a year ago. The current year results include a pension settlement charge of $8.9 million. The other expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2020 includes unfavorable market returns on investments used to fund Company-owned life insurance contracts and investments held in rabbi trusts.

~~Income Taxes~~

Income tax benefit in the third quarter ended March 31, 2021 was $16.7 million, or 29.2 percent of pre-tax loss compared with expense of $10.0 million, or 20.0 percent of pre-tax income in the same quarter a year ago. Income tax benefit in the three months ended March 31, 2021 includes discrete tax benefits of $2.2 million associated with pension settlement charges, $1.8 million for the impact of restructuring and asset impairment charges and $0.8 million as a result of changes in the Company’s prior year tax positions. Additionally, the anticipated benefit for the carryback of the current year net operating loss to fiscal years with higher tax rates is included in this period. Also included are the unfavorable impacts of losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized. Excluding the discrete tax impacts of the pension settlement charges, restructuring and asset impairment charges and changes in the Company’s prior year tax position, the tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 would have been 29.3%. Income tax expense in the three months ended March 31, 2020 included discrete tax benefits of $1.6 million as a result of changes in the Company’s prior year tax positions as well as the impact of losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized.

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was enacted on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act established new provisions, including but not limited to, expanded deduction of certain qualified capital expenditures, delayed payment of certain employment taxes, expanded use of net operating losses, reduced limitations on deductions of interest expense and extension of funding for defined benefit plans. The net operating loss provision is expected to provide incremental tax benefits of approximately $7.0 million due to the higher tax rates in the expanded carryback period. The other provisions in the CARES Act are not expected to have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

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~~Business Segment Results~~

~~We have two reportable business segments: SAO and PEP.~~

~~The following table includes comparative information for volumes by business segment:~~

Three Months Ended
March 31, (Decrease) %
(Decrease)
(Pounds sold, in thousands) 2021 2020
Specialty Alloys Operations 37,260 59,052 (21,792) (37) %
Performance Engineered Products * 2,026 3,202 (1,176) (37) %
Intersegment (1,516) (116) (1,400) (1,207) %
Consolidated pounds sold 37,770 62,138 (24,368) (39) %

* Pounds sold data for PEP segment includes Dynamet and Additive businesses only.

~~The following table includes comparative information for net sales by business segment:~~

Three Months Ended
March 31, $
(Decrease) %
(Decrease)
($ in millions) 2021 2020
Specialty Alloys Operations $ 299.6 $ 488.1 $ (188.5) (39) %
Performance Engineered Products 65.7 108.6 (42.9) (40) %
Intersegment (13.4) (11.3) (2.1) (19) %
Total net sales $ 351.9 $ 585.4 $ (233.5) (40) %

~~The following table includes comparative information for our net sales by business segment, but excluding surcharge revenue:~~

Three Months Ended
March 31, $
(Decrease) %
(Decrease)
($ in millions) 2021 2020
Specialty Alloys Operations $ 246.5 $ 398.8 $ (152.3) (38) %
Performance Engineered Products 64.9 107.1 (42.2) (39) %
Intersegment (13.3) (10.9) (2.4) (22) %
Total net sales excluding surcharge revenue $ 298.1 $ 495.0 $ (196.9) (40) %

~~Specialty Alloys Operations Segment~~

Net sales for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 for the SAO segment decreased 39 percent to $299.6 million, as compared with $488.1 million in the same quarter a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, net sales decreased 38 percent on 37 percent lower shipment volume from a year ago. The SAO segment results reflect lower sales in key end-use markets compared to the prior year same quarter caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Operating loss for the SAO segment was $9.9 million or negative 3.3 percent of net sales (negative 4.0 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenue) in the recent third quarter, as compared with operating income of $76.4 million or 15.7 percent of net sales (19.2 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenue) in the same quarter a year ago. The decrease in operating income reflects lower demand across key end-use markets and impacts from targeted inventory reductions in the current fiscal year as compared to the prior year period. The results for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 also include $2.1 million of expenses due to COVID-19 which were not required during the prior year period.

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~~Performance Engineered Products Segment~~

Net sales for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 for the PEP segment decreased 40 percent to $65.7 million, as compared with $108.6 million in the same quarter a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, net sales of $64.9 million decreased from $107.1 million a year ago. The results reflect decreases in sales in most end-use markets. This included lower demand in the Medical end-use market from delays in elective procedures caused by COVID-19. The prior year results included net sales from the Amega West business which was divested by the Company on September 30, 2020.

Operating loss for the PEP segment was $3.3 million or negative 5.0 percent of net sales in the recent third quarter, compared with an operating loss of $0.3 million or negative 0.3 percent of net sales in the same quarter a year ago. The results were impacted by weaker demand in the Medical and Aerospace end-use markets offset by the reduction of expenses in the current year quarter from the Amega West divestiture. The results for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 also include $0.6 million of expenses due to COVID-19 which were not required during the prior year period.

~~Results of Operations — Nine Months Ended March 31, 2021 vs. Nine Months Ended March 31, 2020~~

~~Net Sales~~

Net sales for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 were $1,054.0 million, which was a 40 percent decrease over the same period a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales decreased 38 percent on a 34 percent decrease in shipment volume from the same period a year ago. The results reflect ongoing demand impacts driven by COVID-19 related headwinds in all our end-use markets during the nine months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2020.

Geographically, sales outside the United States decreased 36 percent from the same period a year ago to $396.5 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease is due to weaker demand in key end-use markets across all regions driven by impacts of COVID-19. A portion of our sales outside the United States are denominated in foreign currencies. The fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates resulted in a $1.9 million increase in sales during the nine months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2020. Net sales outside the United States represented 38 percent and 36 percent of total net sales for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

~~Sales by End-Use Markets~~

Nine Months Ended
March 31, $
(Decrease) %
(Decrease)
($ in millions) 2021 2020
Aerospace and Defense $ 509.4 $ 1,058.4 $ (549.0) (52) %
Medical 100.2 151.0 (50.8) (34) %
Transportation 97.7 111.9 (14.2) (13) %
Energy 70.3 103.2 (32.9) (32) %
Industrial and Consumer 206.6 231.4 (24.8) (11) %
Distribution 69.8 87.9 (18.1) (21) %
Total net sales $ 1,054.0 $ 1,743.8 $ (689.8) (40) %

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~~The following table includes comparative information for our net sales by the same principal end-use markets, but excluding surcharge revenue:~~

Nine Months Ended
March 31, $
(Decrease) %
(Decrease)
($ in millions) 2021 2020
Aerospace and Defense $ 433.4 $ 858.3 $ (424.9) (50) %
Medical 90.1 135.2 (45.1) (33) %
Transportation 79.3 91.4 (12.1) (13) %
Energy 57.1 88.7 (31.6) (36) %
Industrial and Consumer 175.3 191.9 (16.6) (9) %
Distribution 69.5 87.3 (17.8) (20) %
Total net sales excluding surcharge revenue $ 904.7 $ 1,452.8 $ (548.1) (38) %

Sales to the Aerospace and Defense end-use market decreased 52 percent from the same period a year ago to $509.4 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales decreased 50 percent from the same period a year ago on a 51 percent decrease in shipment volume. The results reflect weaker year-over-year demand in all sub-markets due to the continued impact of lower aircraft OEM build rates due to COVID-19 travel restrictions.

Medical end-use market sales decreased 34 percent from the same period a year ago to $100.2 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales decreased 33 percent on 32 percent lower shipment volume from the same period a year ago. The results reflect the impact of customers closely managing inventory levels as a result of ongoing delays of elective medical procedures from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Transportation end-use market sales decreased 13 percent from the same period a year ago to $97.7 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales decreased 13 percent on 10 percent lower shipment volume from the same period a year ago. The results are impacted by lower demand for light, medium and heavy duty vehicles compared to the prior year period.

Sales to the Energy end-use market of $70.3 million in the current period reflect a 32 percent decrease from the same period a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales decreased 36 percent from the same period a year ago. The results reflect depressed North American drilling activity and decreased demand globally as a result of the impact of COVID-19. This is partially offset by higher demand in the power generation sub-market. The current year results reflect the divestiture of the Amega West business on September 30, 2020.

Industrial and Consumer end-use market sales of $206.6 million decreased $24.8 million from the same period a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales decreased 9 percent on 5 percent lower shipment volume from the same period a year ago. The results reflect lower demand for Industrial products compared to the prior year period partially offset by stronger demand for Consumer products, primarily consumer sporting goods materials.

~~Gross Profit~~

Our gross profit in the nine months ended March 31, 2021 decreased 93 percent to $22.3 million, or 2.1 percent of net sales as compared with $334.8 million, or 19.2 percent of net sales in the same period a year ago. Excluding the impact of surcharge revenue and inventory write-downs from restructuring, our adjusted gross margin in the nine months ended March 31, 2021 was 2.8 percent as compared to 23.0 percent in the same period a year ago. The current period results were impacted by significantly lower volume resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic across all end-use markets, negative impacts from a targeted inventory reduction plan and inventory write-downs from restructuring in our Additive reporting unit.

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While the surcharge generally protects the absolute gross profit dollars, it does have a dilutive effect on gross margin as a percent of sales. The following represents a summary of the dilutive impact of the surcharge on gross margin for the comparative nine-month periods. See the section “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for further discussion of these financial measures.

Nine Months Ended
March 31,
($ in millions) 2021 2020
Net sales $ 1,054.0 $ 1,743.8
Less: surcharge revenue 149.3 291.0
Net sales excluding surcharge revenue $ 904.7 $ 1,452.8
Gross profit $ 22.3 $ 334.8
Inventory write-downs from restructuring 2.6 —
Gross profit excluding the inventory write-downs from restructuring $ 24.9 $ 334.8
Gross margin 2.1% 19.2%
Gross margin excluding surcharge revenue and inventory write-downs from restructuring 2.8% 23.0%

~~Selling, General and Administrative Expenses~~

Selling, general and administrative expenses of $132.3 million were 12.6 percent of net sales (14.6 percent of net sales excluding surcharge) as compared with $159.0 million and 9.1 percent of net sales (10.9 percent of net sales excluding surcharge) in the same period a year ago. The lower selling, general and administrative expenses in the current year reflect the impacts of the cost saving actions initiated in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020 including a reduction of $15.3 million in salaries and benefits in the nine months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the same period a year ago.

~~Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges~~

Restructuring and asset impairment charges for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 were $15.0 million as compared with $2.3 million restructuring and asset impairment charges for the nine months ended March 31, 2020.

During the nine months ended March 31, 2021, restructuring activities were executed to consolidate certain operations within the Additive business in the PEP segment. This included $13.6 million of non-cash impairment charges primarily related to certain long-lived assets and certain definite lived intangible assets. We also recognized $1.9 million of charges primarily related to various personnel-related costs for severance payments, medical coverage and related items partially offset by proceeds of $0.5 million from the sale of certain production equipment from an idled powder production facility. Additionally as part of these restructuring actions, $2.6 million of inventory write-downs were recorded in cost of sales in the quarter ended March 31, 2021.

Goodwill Impairment Charge

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Operating ~~(Loss) Income~~Loss

Our operating loss in the ~~nine months ended March 31, 2021~~recent second quarter was ~~$177.8~~$31.5 million, or negative ~~16.9~~8.0 percent of net sales, as compared with operating ~~income~~loss of ~~$173.5~~$89.0 million or ~~9.9~~negative 25.5 percent of net sales in the same ~~period~~quarter a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue and special items, adjusted operating margin was negative ~~10.3~~9.5 percent for the ~~most recent nine months~~current quarter as compared with ~~12.1~~negative 10.8 percent a year ago. The operating results for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 reflect higher sales compared to the ~~same period a~~prior year ~~ago were negatively impacted by~~quarter as well as the ~~significantly lower volume due to~~full recognition of various cost saving actions taken in fiscal year 2021 and the ~~COVID-19 pandemic,~~fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020. Negatively impacting results for the three months ended December 31, 2021 are near-term operational challenges resulting from the Reading press outage, labor shortages and supply chain disruptions. The prior year three months ended December 31, 2020 included negative impacts from targeted inventory reductions and ~~the impacts of restructuring actions, partially offset by the various cost savings actions taken by the Company. The results from the current fiscal year also reflect~~ a ~~non-cash~~$52.8 million goodwill impairment ~~charge of $52.8 million recognized for our Additive reporting unit in the PEP segment and restructuring and asset impairment charges of $15.0 million.~~charge.

The following presents our operating ~~(loss) income~~loss and operating margin, in each case excluding the impact of surcharge revenue on net sales and special items. We present and discuss these financial measures because management believes removing these items provides a more consistent and meaningful basis for comparing ongoing results of operations from period to period. See the section ~~“Non-GAAP~~"Non-GAAP Financial ~~Measures”~~Measures" below for further discussion of these financial measures.


		Nine Months Ended March 31,							Three Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021			2020			($ in millions)	2021			2020
Net sales	Net sales	$	1,054.0		$	1,743.8		Net sales	$	396.0		$	348.8
Less: surcharge revenue	Less: surcharge revenue	149.3			291.0			Less: surcharge revenue	81.1			49.4
Net sales excluding surcharge revenue	Net sales excluding surcharge revenue	$	904.7		$	1,452.8		Net sales excluding surcharge revenue	$	314.9		$	299.4

Operating (loss) income		$	(177.8)		$	173.5
Operating loss								Operating loss	$	(31.5)		$	(89.0)
Special items:	Special items:							Special items:

COVID-19 costs	COVID-19 costs	14.5			—			COVID-19 costs	1.7			3.9
Inventory write-downs from restructuring		2.6			—
Restructuring and asset impairment charges		15.0			2.3

Goodwill impairment	Goodwill impairment	52.8			—			Goodwill impairment	—			52.8
Operating (loss) income		$	(92.9)		$	175.8

Adjusted operating loss								Adjusted operating loss	$	(29.8)		$	(32.3)

Operating margin	Operating margin	(16.9)		%	9.9		%	Operating margin	(8.0)		%	(25.5)		%

Adjusted operating margin excluding surcharge revenue and special items	Adjusted operating margin excluding surcharge revenue and special items	(10.3)		%	12.1		%	Adjusted operating margin excluding surcharge revenue and special items	(9.5)		%	(10.8)		%

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net for the three months ended December 31, 2021 was $10.1 million compared with $7.9 million in the same period a year ago. Capitalized interest reduced interest expense by $0.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021 and $3.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net for the three months ended December 31, 2021 was $6.6 million as compared with $1.3 million of other income, net for the three months ended December 31, 2020. The current quarter reflects income in pension earnings, interest and deferrals from favorable returns on plan assets compared to expense in the prior year.

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~~Interest Expense, Net and Debt Extinguishment Losses, net~~

Interest expense, net for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 was $23.5 million compared with $15.6 million in the same period a year ago. We have used interest rate swaps to achieve a level of floating rate debt to fixed rate debt where appropriate. Interest expense, net includes net gains from interest rate swaps of $0.4 million and $0.7 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The interest rate swaps were terminated in a prior quarter in connection with the prepayment of related Notes. Capitalized interest reduced interest expense, net by $6.9 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and $6.5 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2020. Debt extinguishment losses, net for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 include $10.5 million of debt prepayment costs on the Notes due July 2021 offset by gains of $2.3 million on the related interest rate swaps that were terminated in connection with the prepayment.

~~Other Expense, Net~~

Other expense, net for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 was $9.4 million as compared with $3.4 million in the same period a year ago. The current year results include greater expense due to pension settlement charges of $8.9 million compared to the prior year period.

Income Taxes

Income tax benefit ~~in the nine months ended March 31, 2021~~ was ~~$46.4~~$5.6 million, or ~~21.2~~16.0 percent of pre-tax loss for the three months ended December 31, 2021 as compared with ~~expense of $34.6~~$10.7 million, or ~~22.4~~11.2 percent of pre-tax ~~income~~loss in the ~~nine months ended March 31, 2020.~~same quarter a year ago. Income tax benefit for the three months ended December 31, 2021 reflects a change in the ~~nine~~estimated full year results for the fiscal year. Also included is the unfavorable impact of losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized. Income tax benefit for the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2021 includes~~2020 included the unfavorable impacts of ~~the $52.8 million~~a non-deductible goodwill impairment charge and losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized as well as discrete tax benefits of $2.2 million associated with pension settlement charges, $2.0 million associated with debt extinguishment losses, net, $4.2 million for the impact of restructuring and asset impairment charges and $0.8 million as a result of changes in the Company’s prior year tax positions.recognized. Additionally, the anticipated benefit for the carryback of the ~~current~~fiscal year 2021 net operating loss to fiscal years with higher tax rates iswas included in this period. ~~Also included is a tax charge of $1.2 million attributable to employee share-based compensation.~~ Excluding the discrete tax ~~impacts~~impact of the $52.8 million non-deductible goodwill impairment charge, ~~pension settlement charges, debt extinguishment losses, net, restructuring and asset impairment charges and changes in the Company’s prior year tax position,~~ the tax rate for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2021~~2020 would have been ~~28.2~~24.8 percent. Income tax expense in the nine months ended March 31, 2020 included discrete tax benefits of $1.6 million as a result of changes in the Company’s prior year tax positions and $0.5 million attributable to employee share-based compensation. Also included was the impact of losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized.

Business Segment Results

We have two reportable business segments: SAO and PEP.

The following table includes comparative information for volumes by business segment:


	Three Months Ended December 31,		Increase (Decrease)	% Increase (Decrease)
(Pounds sold, in thousands)	2021	2020
Specialty Alloys Operations	43,248	38,602	4,646	12	%
Performance Engineered Products *	2,776	1,534	1,242	81	%
Intersegment	(2,942)	(516)	(2,426)	(470)	%
Consolidated pounds sold	43,082	39,620	3,462	9	%

* Pounds sold data for PEP segment includes Dynamet and Additive businesses only.

The following table includes comparative information for net sales by business segment:


	Three Months Ended December 31,				$ Increase (Decrease)		% Increase (Decrease)
($ in millions)	2021		2020
Specialty Alloys Operations	$	330.8	$	300.4	$	30.4	10	%
Performance Engineered Products	85.7		54.8		30.9		56	%
Intersegment	(20.5)		(6.4)		(14.1)		(220)	%
Total net sales	$	396.0	$	348.8	$	47.2	14	%

The following table includes comparative information for our net sales by business segment, but excluding surcharge revenue:


	Three Months Ended December 31,				$ Increase (Decrease)		% Increase (Decrease)
($ in millions)	2021		2020
Specialty Alloys Operations	$	251.6	$	251.6	$	—	—	%
Performance Engineered Products	83.8		54.1		29.7		55	%
Intersegment	(20.5)		(6.3)		(14.2)		(225)	%
Total net sales excluding surcharge revenue	$	314.9	$	299.4	$	15.5	5	%

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Specialty Alloys Operations Segment

Net sales for the quarter ended December 31, 2021 for the SAO segment increased 10 percent to $330.8 million, as compared with $300.4 million in the same quarter a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, net sales for the current quarter were flat or 0 percent on 12 percent higher shipment volume from a year ago. The SAO segment results reflect higher sales in the Medical, Transportation and Industrial and Consumer end-use markets offset by lower sales in the Aerospace and Defense and Energy end-use markets compared to the prior year same quarter.

Operating loss for the SAO segment was $20.3 million or negative 6.1 percent of net sales (negative 8.1 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenue) in the recent second quarter, as compared with operating loss of $11.6 million or negative 3.9 percent of net sales (negative 4.6 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenue) in the same quarter a year ago. The larger operating loss reflects near-term operational challenges resulting from the Reading press outage, labor shortages and supply chain disruptions in the quarter ended December 31, 2021. The prior year period included negative impacts on operating results from targeted inventory reductions. The results for the quarter ended December 31, 2021 include $1.5 million of expenses due to COVID-19 compared to $3.2 million during the prior year period.

Performance Engineered Products Segment

Net sales for the quarter ended December 31, 2021 for the PEP segment increased 56 percent to $85.7 million, as compared with $54.8 million in the same quarter a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, net sales for the current quarter of $83.8 million increased from $54.1 million a year ago. The results reflect improving demand in all end-use markets, particularly in the Aerospace and Defense and Medical end-use markets compared to the prior year period.

Operating income for the PEP segment was $3.0 million or 3.5 percent of net sales in the current second quarter, compared with an operating loss of $7.2 million or negative 13.1 percent of net sales in the same quarter a year ago. The improved results for the quarter ended December 31, 2021 reflect higher sales in all end-use markets and cost savings in the current year quarter from the restructuring actions taken in fiscal year 2021. The results for the quarter ended December 31, 2021 include $0.2 million of expenses due to COVID-19 compared to $0.7 million during the prior year period.

Results of Operations — Six Months Ended December 31, 2021 vs. Six Months Ended December 31, 2020

Net Sales

Net sales for the six months ended December 31, 2021 were $783.6 million, which was a 12 percent increase over the same period a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales increased 4 percent on 3 percent higher shipment volume from the same period a year ago. The results reflect the impact of stronger product demand for materials primarily used in the Medical, Transportation, and Industrial and Consumer end-use markets.

Geographically, sales in the United States increased 16 percent from the same period a year ago to $501.1 million. The increase is driven by higher demand in the Medical, Transportation and Industrial and Consumer end-use markets. Sales outside the United States increased 5 percent from the same period a year ago to $282.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2021. The increase is primarily due to stronger product demand in all end-use markets in Asia Pacific and for Distribution materials in Mexico. These increases were partially offset by lower demand in the European region in the Aerospace and Defense and Energy end-use markets. A portion of our sales outside the United States are denominated in foreign currencies. The impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates resulted in a $0.5 million increase in sales during the six months ended December 31, 2021 compared to the six months ended December 31, 2020. Net sales outside the United States represented 36 percent and 38 percent of total net sales for the six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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Sales by End-Use Markets


	Six Months Ended December 31,				$ (Decrease) Increase		% (Decrease) Increase
($ in millions)	2021		2020
Aerospace and Defense	$	334.7	$	346.4	$	(11.7)	(3)	%
Medical	89.8		65.2		24.6		38	%
Transportation	79.8		60.8		19.0		31	%
Energy	45.3		47.2		(1.9)		(4)	%
Industrial and Consumer	177.0		139.4		37.6		27	%
Distribution	57.0		43.1		13.9		32	%
Total net sales	$	783.6	$	702.1	$	81.5	12	%

The following table includes comparative information for our net sales by the same principal end-use markets, but excluding surcharge revenue:


	Six Months Ended December 31,				$ (Decrease) Increase		% (Decrease) Increase
($ in millions)	2021		2020
Aerospace and Defense	$	268.8	$	296.0	$	(27.2)	(9)	%
Medical	77.4		59.0		18.4		31	%
Transportation	60.0		50.2		9.8		20	%
Energy	32.2		39.0		(6.8)		(17)	%
Industrial and Consumer	132.7		119.4		13.3		11	%
Distribution	56.7		42.9		13.8		32	%
Total net sales excluding surcharge revenue	$	627.8	$	606.5	$	21.3	4	%

Sales to the Aerospace and Defense end-use market decreased 3 percent from the same period a year ago to $334.7 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales decreased 9 percent from the same period a year ago on an 11 percent decrease in shipment volume. The current year results reflect near-term operational challenges associated with the Reading press outage and labor shortages. Also the prior year results reflected higher shipments related to orders placed prior to the pandemic but were processed and shipped in early fiscal year 2021.

Medical end-use market sales increased 38 percent from the same period a year ago to $89.8 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales increased 31 percent on 34 percent higher shipment volume from the same period a year ago. The current year results reflect the medical supply chain replenishing inventory levels and higher patient confidence for elective medical procedures.

Transportation end-use market sales increased 31 percent from the same period a year ago to $79.8 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales increased 20 percent on 27 percent higher shipment volume from the same period a year ago. The results reflect higher demand for medium and heavy-duty vehicles and specialty transportation materials slightly offset by lower demand in light-duty vehicles resulting from chip shortages compared to the prior year period.

Sales to the Energy end-use market of $45.3 million reflect a 4 percent decrease from the same period a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales decreased 17 percent from a year ago. The results reflect lower sales for power generation materials partially offset by increasing global rig counts and higher oil prices benefiting the oil and gas sub-market compared to the prior year period. The prior year results also include the Amega West business which was divested on September 30, 2020.

Industrial and Consumer end-use market sales increased 27 percent from the same period a year ago to $177.0 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales increased 11 percent on an 11 percent increase in shipment volume. The results reflect the impact of stronger demand for materials used across all Consumer and Industrial sub-markets.

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Gross Profit

Our gross profit in the six months ended December 31, 2021 increased $28.8 million to $38.3 million, or 4.9 percent of net sales as compared with $9.5 million, or 1.4 percent of net sales in the same period a year ago. Excluding the impact of surcharge revenue, our gross margin in the six months ended December 31, 2021 was 6.1 percent as compared to 1.6 percent in the same period a year ago. The results for the six months ended December 31, 2021 reflect the impact of higher volumes across most end-use markets compared to the same period a year ago. The prior year six months ended December 31, 2020 included the impact of targeted inventory reductions taken to generate cash flow which resulted in negative impacts to gross profit.

While the surcharge generally protects the absolute gross profit dollars, it does have a dilutive effect on gross margin as a percent of sales. The following represents a summary of the dilutive impact of the surcharge on gross margin for the comparative six-month periods. See the section "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below for further discussion of these financial measures.


	Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	2021			2020
Net sales	$	783.6		$	702.1
Less: surcharge revenue	155.8			95.6
Net sales excluding surcharge revenue	$	627.8		$	606.5

Gross profit	$	38.3		$	9.5


Gross margin	4.9		%	1.4		%

Gross margin excluding surcharge revenue	6.1		%	1.6		%

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses of $88.9 million were 11.3 percent of net sales (14.2 percent of net sales excluding surcharge) for the six months ended December 31, 2021 as compared with $84.5 million or 12.0 percent of net sales (13.9 percent of net sales excluding surcharge) in the same period a year ago. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased in the six months ended December 31, 2021 primarily as a result of higher amortization costs related to an ERP system that was placed in service during the third quarter of fiscal year 2021 compared to the same period a year ago.

Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges

Restructuring and asset impairment charges for the six months ended December 31, 2021 were $0.0 million as compared with $10.0 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020.

During the three months ended September 30, 2020, we executed upon restructuring activities to consolidate certain operations within the Additive business in the PEP segment. This included $8.7 million of non-cash impairment charges primarily related to certain long-lived assets and certain definite lived intangible assets. We also recognized $1.3 million of charges primarily related to various personnel-related costs for severance payments, medical coverage and related items. Activities undertaken in connection with this restructuring plan were substantially completed in fiscal year 2021.

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Goodwill Impairment Charge

Operating Loss

Our operating loss in the six months ended December 31, 2021 was $50.6 million, or negative 6.5 percent of net sales, as compared with an operating loss of $137.8 million, or negative 19.6 percent of net sales in the same period a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue and special items, operating margin was negative 7.5 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021 and negative 10.4 percent for the same period a year ago. The operating results for the six months ended December 31, 2021 reflect higher sales compared to the prior year period as well as the full recognition of various cost saving actions taken in fiscal year 2021 and the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020. Negatively impacting results for the six months ended December 31, 2021 are near-term operational challenges resulting from the Reading press outage, labor shortages and supply chain disruptions. The prior year six months ended December 31, 2020 included the impact of targeted inventory reductions taken to generate cash flow which resulted in negative impacts to gross profit, $10.0 million of restructuring and asset impairment charges and a $52.8 million goodwill impairment charge.

The following presents our operating loss and operating margin, in each case excluding the impact of surcharge revenue on net sales and special items. We present and discuss these financial measures because management believes removing these items provides a more consistent and meaningful basis for comparing ongoing results of operations from period to period. See the section "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below for further discussion of these financial measures.


	Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	2021			2020
Net sales	$	783.6		$	702.1
Less: surcharge revenue	155.8			95.6
Net sales excluding surcharge revenue	$	627.8		$	606.5

Operating loss	$	(50.6)		$	(137.8)

Special items:
COVID-19 costs	3.3			11.8
Restructuring and asset impairment charges	—			10.0
Goodwill impairment	—			52.8
Adjusted operating loss	$	(47.3)		$	(63.2)

Operating margin	(6.5)		%	(19.6)		%

Operating margin excluding surcharge revenue and special items	(7.5)		%	(10.4)		%

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Interest Expense, Net and Debt Extinguishment Losses, Net

Interest expense, net for the six months ended December 31, 2021 was $20.3 million compared with $14.6 million in the same period a year ago. Capitalized interest reduced interest expense by $0.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2021 and $5.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020. We have historically used interest rate swaps to achieve a level of floating rate debt to fixed rate debt where appropriate. The interest rate swaps were terminated in fiscal year 2021 in connection with the prepayment of related Notes. Interest expense, net for the six months ended December 31, 2021 includes no gains or losses from interest rate swaps compared with gains of $0.4 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020. Debt extinguishment losses, net for the six months ended December 31, 2020 include $10.5 million of debt prepayment costs on the Notes due July 2021 offset by gains of $2.3 million on the related interest rate swaps that were terminated in connection with the prepayment.

Other (Income) Expense, Net

Other income, net was $10.7 million for the recent six months ended December 31, 2021 compared to other expense, net of $1.1 million in the same period a year ago. The six months ended December 31, 2021 includes income in pension earnings, interest and deferrals from favorable returns on plan assets compared to expense in the prior year.

Income Taxes

Income tax benefit for the six months ended December 31, 2021 includes the unfavorable impact of losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized. Income tax benefit for the six months ended December 31, 2020 included the unfavorable impacts of a non-deductible goodwill impairment charge and losses in certain foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized as well as discrete tax benefits of $2.0 million associated with the debt extinguishment losses, net and $2.4 million for the impact of restructuring and asset impairment charges. Additionally, the anticipated benefit for the carryback of the fiscal year 2021 net operating loss to fiscal years with higher tax rates was included in this period. Also included is a tax charge of $1.2 million attributable to employee share-based compensation. Excluding the discrete tax impacts of the $52.8 million non-deductible goodwill impairment charge, debt extinguishment losses, net and restructuring and asset impairment charges, the tax rate for the six months ended December 31, 2020 would have been 27.1 percent.

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act") was enacted on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act established new provisions, including but not limited to, expanded deduction of certain qualified capital expenditures, delayed payment of certain employment taxes, expanded use of net operating losses, reduced limitations on deductions of interest expense and extension of funding for defined benefit plans. The net operating loss provision is expected to provide incremental tax benefits of approximately $7.0 million due to the higher tax rates in the expanded carryback period. The other provisions in the CARES Act are not expected to have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

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Business Segment Results

We have two reportable business segments: SAO and PEP.

The following table includes comparative information for volumes by business segment:


		Nine Months Ended March 31,		(Decrease)		% (Decrease)					Six Months Ended December 31,					Increase (Decrease)		% Increase (Decrease)
(Pounds sold, in thousands)	(Pounds sold, in thousands)	2021	2020		(Pounds sold, in thousands)			2021				2020
Specialty Alloys Operations	Specialty Alloys Operations	119,230	175,660		(56,430)				(32)	%	Specialty Alloys Operations		86,256		81,970		4,286			5	%
Performance Engineered Products *	Performance Engineered Products *	5,024	9,874	(4,850)		(49)	%	Performance Engineered Products *			5,148			2,998		2,150		72	%
Intersegment	Intersegment	(2,516)	(1,800)	(716)		(40)	%	Intersegment			(4,792)			(1,000)		(3,792)		(379)	%
Consolidated pounds sold	Consolidated pounds sold	121,738	183,734	(61,996)		(34)	%	Consolidated pounds sold			86,612			83,968		2,644		3	%

*Pounds sold data for PEP segment includes Dynamet and Additive businesses only.

The following table includes comparative information for net sales by business segment:

Nine Months Ended
March 31, $
(Decrease)
Increase %
(Decrease)
Increase
($ in millions) 2021 2020
Specialty Alloys Operations $ 900.8 $ 1,462.2 $ (561.4) (38) %
Performance Engineered Products 182.3 324.0 (141.7) (44) %
Intersegment (29.1) (42.4) 13.3 31 %
Total net sales $ 1,054.0 $ 1,743.8 $ (689.8) (40) %


	Six Months Ended December 31,				$ Increase (Decrease)		% Increase (Decrease)
($ in millions)	2021		2020
Specialty Alloys Operations	$	662.8	$	601.1	$	61.7	10	%
Performance Engineered Products	160.3		116.7		43.6		37	%
Intersegment	(39.5)		(15.7)		(23.8)		(152)	%
Total net sales	$	783.6	$	702.1	$	81.5	12	%

The following table includes comparative information for our net sales by business segment, but excluding surcharge revenue:


		Nine Months Ended March 31,				$ (Decrease) Increase				% (Decrease) Increase					Six Months Ended December 31,						$ Increase (Decrease)			% Increase (Decrease)
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020				($ in millions)				2021				2020
Specialty Alloys Operations	Specialty Alloys Operations	$	753.0	$	1,174.5			$	(421.5)				(36)	%	Specialty Alloys Operations		$	509.8		$	506.4		$	3.4		1	%
Performance Engineered Products	Performance Engineered Products	180.3		319.1		(138.8)				(43)	%	Performance Engineered Products			157.4			115.3			42.1			37	%
Intersegment	Intersegment	(28.6)		(40.8)		12.2				30	%	Intersegment			(39.4)			(15.2)			(24.2)			(159)	%
Total net sales excluding surcharge revenue	Total net sales excluding surcharge revenue	$	904.7	$	1,452.8	$	(548.1)			(38)	%	Total net sales excluding surcharge revenue			$	627.8		$	606.5		$	21.3		4	%

Specialty Alloys Operations Segment

Net sales for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 for the SAO segment ~~decreased 38~~increased 10 percent to ~~$900.8~~$662.8 million, as compared with ~~$1,462.2~~$601.1 million in the same period a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, net sales ~~decreased 36~~increased 1 percent on 325 percent ~~lower~~higher shipment volume from a year ago. The SAO segment results reflect higher sales in Medical, Transportation and Industrial and Consumer end-use markets offset by lower sales in ~~all~~the Aerospace and Defense and Energy end-use markets compared to the prior year ~~caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.~~period.

Operating loss for the SAO segment was ~~$40.1~~$26.2 million or ~~negative 4.5~~4.0 percent of net sales ~~(negative 5.3~~(5.1 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenue) in the recent ~~nine~~six months ended December 31, 2021 as compared with an operating ~~income~~loss of ~~$233.7~~$30.2 million or ~~16.0~~negative 5.0 percent of net sales ~~(19.9~~(negative 6.0 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenue) in the same period a year ago. The ~~decrease in~~ operating ~~income~~loss for the six months ended December 31, 2021 reflects ~~lower demand across all key end-use markets~~the near-term operational challenges resulting from the Reading press outage, labor shortages and ~~the~~supply chain disruptions. The prior year period included negative impacts from targeted inventory ~~reductions in the current fiscal year as compared to the prior year period.~~reductions. The results for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 ~~also~~ include ~~$12.5~~$2.8 million of expenses due to COVID-19 ~~which were not required~~compared to $10.4 million during the prior year period.

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Performance Engineered Products Segment

Net sales for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 for the PEP segment ~~decreased 44~~increased 37 percent to ~~$182.3~~$160.3 million, as compared with ~~$324.0~~$116.7 million in the same period a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenue, net sales ~~of $180.3 decreased~~increased 37 percent from ~~$319.1 million~~ a year ago. The current year results reflect ~~decreases in~~increased sales in all end-use ~~markets. This included lower demand~~markets except Energy which in the ~~Medical end-use market from delays in elective procedures caused by COVID-19. The current~~prior year ~~net sales results reflect the divestiture of~~included the Amega West business which was divested on September 30, 2020.

Operating ~~loss~~income for the PEP segment was ~~$14.2~~$3.6 million or ~~negative 7.8~~2.2 percent of net sales in the recent ~~nine~~six months ended December 31, 2021, compared with an operating loss of ~~$2.0~~$10.9 million or negative ~~0.6~~9.3 percent of net sales in the same period a year ago. The improved results ~~were impacted by weaker demand~~for the six months ended December 31, 2021 reflect higher sales in key end-use markets and cost savings in the ~~Medical and Aerospace end-use markets.~~current fiscal year from the restructuring actions taken in fiscal year 2021. The results for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 ~~also~~ include ~~$2.0~~$0.5 million of expenses due to COVID-19 ~~which were not required~~compared to $1.4 million during the prior year period.

Liquidity and Financial Resources

During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021, we ~~generated~~used cash ~~from operations~~for operating activities of ~~$175.4~~$136.3 million compared to ~~$94.9~~cash generated from operating activities of $171.6 million in the same period a year ago. Our free cash flow, which we define under ~~“Non-GAAP~~"Non-GAAP Financial ~~Measures”~~Measures" below, was ~~positive $89.2~~negative $187.6 million as compared to ~~negative $77.9~~positive $113.7 million for the same period a year ago. The ~~increase~~decrease in cash provided from operating activities and free cash flow for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 compared to the same period a year ago was mostly driven by working capital ~~improvements.~~changes. Cash ~~generated from reductions in~~used to build inventory was ~~$181.9~~$109.8 million in the current period ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 compared to cash ~~used for~~generated from reductions in inventory of ~~$85.2~~$155.8 million in the prior year. The increase in inventory during the current fiscal year is in response to growing demand and the near-term operational challenges. The prior year reflects impacts from targeted inventory reductions taken to strengthen liquidity. During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021, wethere was no cash generated ~~cash from~~in accounts receivable ~~of $13.8 million~~ compared to the generation of ~~cash~~$64.2 million of ~~$7.6 million~~cash in the same period a year ago. The free cash flow results in the current period ended December 31, 2021 reflect lower capital spending levels ~~in the current period~~ as compared to the prior year ~~period. Current~~period as certain large projects were completed in fiscal year 2021. The prior period results also ~~include~~included $20.0 million of proceeds related to the sale of our Amega West business.

Capital expenditures for property, plant, equipment and software were ~~$78.5~~$33.4 million for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 as compared to ~~$144.0~~$59.9 million for the same period a year ago. In fiscal year ~~2021,~~2022, we expect capital expenditures to be approximately ~~$110~~$100 million to ~~$120~~$110 million. However, we are monitoring the impact of labor shortages and supply chain disruptions on the timing of our anticipated projects for the balance of the fiscal year.

Dividends during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and 2020 were ~~$29.3~~$19.7 million and ~~$29.1~~$19.5 million, respectively, and were paid at the same quarterly rate of $0.20 per share of common stock in both periods.

We have demonstrated the ability to generate cash to meet our needs through cash flows from operations, management of working capital and the ability to access capital markets to supplement internally generated funds. We target minimum liquidity of $150 million, consisting of cash and cash equivalents added to available borrowing capacity under our Credit Facility.

On March 26, 2021, we entered into our $300.0 million secured revolving Credit Facility. The Credit Facility amended and restated the previous revolving credit facility, dated March 31, 2017, which had been set to expire in March 2022. The Credit Facility makes several changes from the ~~existing~~prior Credit Agreement. The Credit Facility extends the maturity to March 31, 2024, subject to a springing maturity of November 30, 2022. If, by November 30, 2022, our outstanding $300.0 million 4.45% Senior Notes due in March 2023 are not redeemed, repurchased or refinanced with indebtedness having a maturity date of October 1, 2024 or later, all indebtedness under the Credit Facility will be due. The Credit Facility contains a revolving credit commitment amount of $300.0 million, subject to our right, from time to time, to request an increase of the commitment to $500.0 million in the aggregate; and provides for the issuance of letters of credit subject to a $40.0 million sub-limit. We have the right to voluntarily prepay and re-borrow loans, to terminate or reduce the commitments under the Credit Facility, and, subject to certain lender approvals, to join subsidiaries as subsidiary borrowers.

As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, we had ~~$5.4~~$5.3 million of issued letters of credit and no short-term borrowings under the Credit Facility. The balance of the Credit Facility, ~~$294.6~~$294.7 million, remains available to us. From time to time during the nine months ended March 31, 2021, we have borrowed under our Credit Facility. The weighted average daily borrowing under the Credit Facility during the nine months ended March 31, 2021 was approximately $17.2 million with daily outstanding borrowings ranging from $0.0 million to $170.0 million during the period. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, the borrowing rate for the Credit Facility was ~~2.11%~~2.10%.

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We believe that our total liquidity of ~~$538.8~~$391.6 million as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, which includes total cash and cash equivalents of ~~$244.2~~$96.9 million and available borrowing capacity of ~~$294.6~~$294.7 million under our credit facility, will be sufficient to fund our cash needs over the foreseeable future.

During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021, we made pension contributions of ~~$10.9~~$0.2 million to our qualified defined benefit pension plans. We currently do not expect to contribute additional amounts to our international qualified defined benefit pension plans and do not expect to make ~~$9.0 million of additional~~any contributions to our U.S. qualified defined benefit pension plans during the remainder of fiscal year ~~2021.~~2022.

AsAs of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately ~~$33.4~~$35.0 million held at various foreign subsidiaries. Our global deployment considers, among other things, geographic location of our subsidiaries’ cash balances, the locations of our anticipated liquidity needs, and the cost to access international cash balances, as necessary. During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021, we repatriated cash of approximately ~~$11.4~~$1.6 million from a foreign jurisdiction that resulted in minimal tax cost. From time to time, we may make short-term intercompany borrowings against our cash held outside the United States in order to reduce or eliminate any required borrowing under our Credit Agreement.

We are subject to certain financial and restrictive covenants under the Credit Facility, which, among other things, require the maintenance of a minimum interest coverage ratio. The interest coverage ratio is defined in the Credit Facility as, for any period, the ratio of consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and non-cash net pension expense ~~(“EBITDA”~~("EBITDA") to consolidated interest expense for such period. The interest coverage covenant is waived until the quarter ended March 31, 2022 at which time it will be 3.00 to 1.00 and then 3.50 to 1.00 thereafter. The Credit Facility also requires the Company to maintain a debt to capital ratio of less than 55 percent. The debt to capital ratio is defined in the Credit Facility as the ratio of consolidated indebtedness, as defined therein, to consolidated capitalization, as defined therein. During the period in which the interest coverage covenant is waived the Credit Facility requires that we maintain a minimum available liquidity of ~~$150.0~~$150 million which is defined in the Credit Facility as the aggregate amount of loans available to be drawn under the facility plus non-restricted cash and cash equivalents as defined therein. In addition, we are subject to an asset coverage ratio minimum of 1.10 to 1.00. The asset coverage ratio is defined in the Credit Facility as eligible receivables and inventory, as defined therein, to outstanding loans and obligations, as defined therein. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with all of the covenants of the Credit Facility.

The following table shows our actual ratio performance with respect to the financial covenants as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021:

Covenant

Covenant Requirement

Actual Ratio

Consolidated debt to capital

55% (maximum)

~~33.5%~~34.3%

Available liquidity (excludes certain foreign cash)

$150.0 (minimum)

$~~510.3~~361.7 million

Asset coverage ratio

1.10 to 1.00

~~58.93~~64.70 to 1.00

To the extent that we do not comply with the current or modified covenants under the Credit Facility, this could reduce our liquidity and flexibility due to potential restrictions on borrowings available to us unless we are able to obtain waivers or modifications of the covenants.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The following provides additional information regarding certain non-GAAP financial measures that we use in this report. Our definitions and calculations of these items may not necessarily be the same as those used by other companies.

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Net Sales and Gross Margin Excluding Surcharge Revenue

This report includes discussions of net sales as adjusted to exclude the impact of raw material surcharge and the resulting impact on gross margins, which represent financial measures that have not been determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“("U.S. ~~GAAP”~~GAAP"). We present and discuss these financial measures because management believes removing the impact of raw material surcharge from net ~~sales and cost of~~ sales provides a more consistent basis for comparing results of operations from period to period for the reasons discussed earlier in this report. Management uses its results excluding these amounts to evaluate its operating performance and to discuss its business with investment institutions, our board of directors and others. See our earlier discussion of ~~“Gross Profit”~~"Gross Profit" for a reconciliation of net sales and gross margin, excluding surcharge revenue, to net sales as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Net sales and gross margin excluding surcharge revenue is not a U.S. GAAP financial measure and should not be considered in isolation of, or as a substitute for, net sales and gross margin calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Adjusted Operating Margin Excluding Surcharge Revenue and Special Items

This report includes discussions of operating margin as adjusted to exclude the impact of raw material surcharge revenue and special items which represent financial measures that have not been determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We present and discuss this financial measure because management believes removing the impact of raw material surcharge from net ~~sales and cost of~~ sales provides a more consistent and meaningful basis for comparing results of operations from period to period for the reasons discussed earlier in this report. In addition, management believes that excluding special items from operating margin is helpful in analyzing our operating performance, as these items are not indicative of ongoing operating performance. Management uses its results excluding these amounts to evaluate its operating performance and to discuss its business with investment institutions, our board of directors and others. See our earlier discussion of operating income for a reconciliation of operating income and operating margin excluding surcharge revenue and special items to operating income and operating margin determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Operating margin excluding surcharge revenue and special items is not a U.S. GAAP financial measure and should not be considered in isolation of, or as a substitute for, operating margin calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Adjusted ~~(Loss) Earnings~~Loss Per Share

The following provides a reconciliation of adjusted ~~(loss) earnings~~loss per share, to its most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures:

($ in millions, except per share amounts) Loss Before Income Taxes Income Tax Benefit Net Loss Loss Per Diluted Share*
Three months ended March 31, 2021, as reported $ (57.2) $ 16.7 $ (40.5) $ (0.84)
Special items:
COVID-19 costs 2.7 (0.8) 1.9 0.04
Restructuring and asset impairment charges 7.6 (1.8) 5.8 0.12
Pension settlement charges 8.9 (2.2) 6.7 0.14
Three months ended March 31, 2021, as adjusted $ (38.0) $ 11.9 $ (26.1) $ (0.54)


($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Loss Before Income Taxes		Income Tax Benefit		Net Loss		Loss Per Diluted Share*
Three months ended December 31, 2021, as reported	$	(35.0)	$	5.6	$	(29.4)	$	(0.61)
Special item:


COVID-19 costs	1.7		(0.3)		1.4		0.03



Three months ended December 31, 2021, as adjusted	$	(33.3)	$	5.3	$	(28.0)	$	(0.58)

* Impact per diluted share calculated using weighted average common shares outstanding of 48.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021.

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($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Loss Before Income Taxes		Income Tax Benefit		Net Loss		Loss Per Diluted Share*
Three months ended December 31, 2020, as reported	$	(95.6)	$	10.7	$	(84.9)	$	(1.76)
Special items:



COVID-19 costs	3.9		(0.9)		3.0		0.06
Goodwill impairment	52.8		(0.1)		52.7		1.09


Three months ended December 31, 2020, as adjusted	$	(38.9)	$	9.7	$	(29.2)	$	(0.61)

* Impact per diluted share calculated using weighted average common shares outstanding of 48.3 million for the three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2020.


($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Loss Before Income Taxes		Income Tax Benefit		Net Loss		Loss Per Diluted Share*
Six months ended December 31, 2021, as reported	$	(60.2)	$	16.1	$	(44.1)	$	(0.91)
Special item:
COVID-19 costs	3.3		(0.8)		2.5		0.05

Six months ended December 31, 2021, as adjusted	$	(56.9)	$	15.3	$	(41.6)	$	(0.86)

* Impact per diluted share calculated using weighted average common shares outstanding of 48.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2021.

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($ in millions, except per share amounts) Income Before Income Taxes Income Tax Expense Net Income Earnings Per Diluted Share*
Three months ended March 31, 2020, as reported $ 49.9 $ (10.0) $ 39.9 $ 0.82
Special item:
None reported — — — —
Three months ended March 31, 2020, as adjusted $ 49.9 $ (10.0) $ 39.9 $ 0.82


($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Loss Before Income Taxes		Income Tax Benefit		Net Loss		Loss Per Diluted Share*
Six months ended December 31, 2020, as reported	$	(161.7)	$	29.7	$	(132.0)	$	(2.74)
Special items:
COVID-19 costs	11.8		(3.5)		8.3		0.17
Restructuring and asset impairment charges	10.0		(2.4)		7.6		0.16
Goodwill impairment	52.8		(0.1)		52.7		1.09
Debt extinguishment losses, net	8.2		(2.0)		6.2		0.13

Six months ended December 31, 2020, as adjusted	$	(78.9)	$	21.7	$	(57.2)	$	(1.19)

* Impact per diluted share calculated using weighted average common shares outstanding of 48.3 million for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31, 2020.~~

($ in millions, except per share amounts) Loss Before Income Taxes Income Tax Benefit Net Loss Loss Per Diluted Share*
Nine months ended March 31, 2021, as reported $ (218.9) $ 46.4 $ (172.5) $ (3.58)
Special items:
COVID-19 costs 14.5 (4.2) 10.3 0.21
Restructuring and asset impairment charges 17.6 (4.2) 13.4 0.28
Goodwill impairment 52.8 (0.1) 52.7 1.09
Debt extinguishment losses, net 8.2 (2.0) 6.2 0.13
Pension settlement charges 8.9 (2.2) 6.7 0.14
Nine months ended March 31, 2021 as adjusted $ (116.9) $ 33.7 $ (83.2) $ (1.73)

* Impact per diluted share calculated using weighted average common shares outstanding of 48.3 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2021.

($ in millions, except per share amounts) Income Before Income Taxes Income Tax Expense Net Income Earnings Per Diluted Share*
Nine months ended March 31, 2020, as reported $ 154.5 $ (34.6) $ 119.9 $ 2.46
Special item:
Restructuring charges 2.3 (0.5) 1.8 0.04
Nine months ended March 31, 2020, as adjusted $ 156.8 $ (35.1) $ 121.7 $ 2.50

* Impact per diluted share calculated using weighted average common shares outstanding of 48.4 million for the nine months ended MarchDecember 31, 2020.

Management believes that the presentation of ~~(loss) earnings~~loss per share adjusted to exclude special items is helpful in analyzing the operating performance of the Company, as these items are not indicative of ongoing operating performance. Our definitions and calculations of these items may not necessarily be the same as those used by other companies. Management uses its results excluding these amounts to evaluate its operating performance and to discuss its business with investment institutions, our ~~Board~~board of ~~Directors~~directors and others. Adjusted ~~(loss) earnings~~loss per share is not a U.S. GAAP financial measure and should not be considered in isolation of, or as a substitute for, ~~(loss) earnings~~loss per share calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

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Free Cash Flow

The following provides a reconciliation of free cash flow, as used in this report, to its most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures:


		Nine Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended December 31,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2021		2020		($ in millions)	2021		2020
Net cash provided from operating activities		$	175.4	$	94.9
Net cash (used for) provided from operating activities						Net cash (used for) provided from operating activities	$	(136.3)	$	171.6
Purchases of property, plant, equipment and software	Purchases of property, plant, equipment and software	(78.5)		(144.0)		Purchases of property, plant, equipment and software	(33.4)		(59.9)
Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment and assets held for sale	Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment and assets held for sale	1.6		0.3		Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment and assets held for sale	1.8		1.5
Proceeds from divestiture of business	Proceeds from divestiture of business	20.0		—		Proceeds from divestiture of business	—		20.0
Dividends paid	Dividends paid	(29.3)		(29.1)		Dividends paid	(19.7)		(19.5)

Free cash flow	Free cash flow	$	89.2	$	(77.9)	Free cash flow	$	(187.6)	$	113.7

Management believes that the presentation of free cash flow provides useful information to investors regarding our financial condition because it is a measure of cash generated which management evaluates for alternative uses. It is ~~management’s~~management's current intention to use excess cash to fund investments in capital equipment, acquisition opportunities and consistent dividend payments. Free cash flow is not a U.S. GAAP financial measure and should not be considered in isolation of, or as a substitute for, cash flows calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Contingencies

Environmental

We are subject to various federal, state, local and international environmental laws and regulations relating to pollution, protection of public health and the environment, natural resource damages and occupational safety and health. Although compliance with these laws and regulations may affect the costs of our operations, compliance costs to date have not been material. We have environmental remediation liabilities at some of our owned operating facilities and have been designated as a PRP with respect to certain third party Superfund waste-disposal sites and other third party-owned sites. We accrue amounts for environmental remediation costs that represent our best estimate of the probable and reasonably estimable future costs related to environmental remediation. During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021, the Company increased the liability for a Company-owned former operating site by ~~$0.2~~$0.1 million. The liabilities recorded for environmental remediation costs at Superfund sites, other third party-owned sites and Carpenter-owned current or former operating facilities remaining at ~~March~~December 31, 2021 and June 30, ~~2020~~2021 were ~~$16.2~~$16.1 million and $16.0 million, respectively. Additionally, we have been notified that we may be a PRP with respect to other Superfund sites as to which no proceedings have been instituted against us. Neither the exact amount of remediation costs nor the final method of their allocation among all designated PRPs at these Superfund sites have been determined. Accordingly, at this time, we cannot reasonably estimate expected costs for such matters. The liability for future environmental remediation costs that can be reasonably estimated is evaluated on a quarterly basis.

Estimates of the amount and timing of future costs of environmental remediation requirements are inherently imprecise because of the continuing evolution of environmental laws and regulatory requirements, the availability and application of technology, the identification of currently unknown remediation sites and the allocation of costs among the PRPs. Based upon information currently available, such future costs are not expected to have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows over the long-term. However, such costs could be material to our financial position, results of operations or cash flows in a particular future quarter or year.

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Other

We are defending various routine claims and legal actions that are incidental to our business, and that are common to our operations, including those pertaining to product claims, commercial disputes, patent infringement, employment actions, employee benefits, compliance with domestic and foreign laws, personal injury claims and tax issues. Like many other manufacturing companies in recent years we, from time to time, have been named as a defendant in lawsuits alleging personal injury as a result of exposure to chemicals and substances in the workplace such as asbestos. We provide for costs relating to these matters when a loss is probable and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. The effect of the outcome of these matters on our future results of operations and liquidity cannot be predicted because any such effect depends on future results of operations and the amount and timing (both as to recording future charges to operations and cash expenditures) of the resolution of such matters. While it is not feasible to determine the outcome of these matters, we believe that the total liability from these matters will not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows over the long-term. However, there can be no assurance that an increase in the scope of pending matters or that any future lawsuits, claims, proceedings or investigations will not be material to our financial position, results of operations or cash flows in a particular future quarter or year.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

A summary of other significant accounting policies is discussed in our ~~2020~~2021 Form 10-K Item 7. ~~“Management’s~~"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of ~~Operations”~~Operations", and in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to our consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 thereto.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment and written down to fair value whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable through estimated future undiscounted cash flows. The amount of the impairment loss is the excess of the carrying amount of the impaired assets over the fair value of the assets based upon estimated future discounted cash flows. We evaluate long-lived assets for impairment by individual business unit. Changes in estimated cash flows could have a significant impact on whether or not an asset is impaired and the amount of the impairment.

Goodwill

Goodwill is not amortized but instead is tested at least annually ~~tested~~ for impairment as of June 30, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may be impaired. Potential impairment is identified by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value. The fair value is estimated using a weighting of discounted cash flows and the use of market multiples valuation techniques for the SAO reporting unit and two of the PEP segment reporting units. The fair value for the Additive reporting unit is estimated using a discounted cash flow technique. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, any impairment loss is measured by ~~comparing~~the difference between the carrying value of the reporting ~~unit’s goodwill~~unit and its fair value, not to ~~its implied fair value.~~exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The discounted cash flow analysis for each reporting unit tested requires significant estimates and assumptions related to cash flow forecasts, discount rates, terminal values and income tax rates. The cash flow forecasts include significant judgments and assumptions ~~relating~~related to revenue growth ~~rates.~~rates, which include perpetual growth rates, gross margin and weighted average cost of capital. The cash flow forecasts are developed based on assumptions about each reporting ~~unit’s~~unit's markets, product offerings, pricing, capital expenditure and working capital requirements as well as cost performance.

The discount rates used in the discounted cash flow are estimated based on a market ~~participant’s~~participant's perspective of each reporting unit's weighted average cost of capital. The terminal value, which represents the value attributed to the reporting unit beyond the forecast period, is estimated using a perpetuity growth rate assumption. The income tax rates used in the discounted cash flow analysis represent estimates of the long-term statutory income tax rates for each reporting unit based on the jurisdictions in which the reporting units operate.

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In preparing the financial statements for the quarter ended December 31, 2020, we identified an impairment triggering event related to the Additive reporting unit within the PEP segment. This reporting unit has experienced slower than expected growth due to customers shifting their near-term focus away from this emerging area as a result of the continuing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the quarter ended December 31, 2020 we also made strategic decisions to reduce resources allocated to the Additive reporting unit to concentrate on the essential manufacturing business. In light of these decisions and current market conditions, the pace of growth in the future projections for the Additive reporting unit were lowered. We determined the goodwill associated with this reporting unit was impaired and recorded an impairment charge of $52.8 million during the quarter ended December 31, 2020, which represents the entire balance of goodwill for this reporting unit. No other impairment was identified at the impairment testing date. The carrying value of the Additive reporting unit was greater than the fair value by approximately 37.7 percent. For purposes of the discounted cash flow technique for Additive’s fair value, we used a weighted average cost of capital of 15.5 percent and a terminal growth rate assumption of 3.0 percent. If a terminal growth rate of 4.0 percent was used the Additive reporting unit would have a carrying value in excess of fair value of approximately 34.2 percent, still resulting in a full impairment.

As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, we have three reporting units with goodwill recorded. Goodwill associated with the SAO reporting unit as of December 31, 2021 was $195.5 million and represents approximately 81 percent of our total goodwill. The remaining goodwill is associated with the PEP segment, which includes two reporting units, Dynamet and Latrobe Distribution, with goodwill recorded as of December 31, 2021 of $31.9 million and $14.0 million, respectively.

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Goodwill associated with the SAO reporting unit is tested at the SAO segment ~~level~~level. The fair value is estimated using a weighting of discounted cash flows and ~~represents approximately 81 percent~~the use of ~~our total goodwill. All other goodwill is associated with our PEP segment, which includes two reporting units with goodwill recorded.~~

market multiples valuation techniques. As of June 30, ~~2020,~~2021, the fair value of the SAO reporting unit exceeded the carrying value by approximately ~~4.5~~26.3 percent. ~~The goodwill recorded related to the SAO reporting unit as of June 30, 2020 was $195.5 million.~~ The discounted cash flows analysis for the SAO reporting unit includes assumptions related to our ability to increase volume, improve mix, expand product offerings and continue to implement opportunities to reduce costs over the next several years. For purposes of the discounted cash flow analysis for ~~SAO’s~~SAO's fair value, ~~we used~~ a weighted average cost capital of ~~10.5~~9.0 percent and a terminal growth rate assumption of ~~3 percent.~~3.0 percent were used. If the ~~fair value of~~long-term growth rate for this reporting unit had been hypothetically reduced by 50.5 percent at June 30, ~~2020,~~2021, the SAO reporting unit would have a fair value that ~~would approximate net book value.~~exceeded the carrying value by approximately 22.0 percent.

All other goodwill is associated with the PEP segment, which includes two reporting units with goodwill recorded. The fair value is estimated using a weighting of discounted cash flows and the use of market multiples valuation techniques for the PEP segment reporting units. The fair values of the two remaining PEP segment reporting units exceeded their carrying values, in each case, by 45 percent or more.

The estimate of fair value requires significant judgment. We based our fair value estimates on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain, including estimates of future growth rates and operating margins and assumptions about the overall economic climate and the competitive environment for our business units. There can be no assurance that our estimates and assumptions made for purposes of our goodwill and identifiable intangible asset testing as of the time of testing will prove to be accurate predictions of the future. If our assumptions regarding business projections, competitive environments or anticipated growth rates are not correct, we may be required to record goodwill and/or intangible asset impairment charges in future periods, whether in connection with our next annual impairment testing or earlier, if an indicator of an impairment is present before our next annual evaluation. We continuously monitor for events and circumstances that could negatively impact the key assumptions in determining fair value of the reporting units. Given the ~~evolving nature of and~~ongoing uncertainty driven by the COVID-19 pandemic, we will continue to evaluate the impact on the reporting units as adverse changes to these assumptions could result in future impairments.

New Accounting Pronouncements

For information with respect to new accounting pronouncements and the impact of these pronouncements on our consolidated financial statements, see Note 3 to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1.

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Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from those projected, anticipated or implied. The most significant of these uncertainties are described in Carpenter ~~Technology’s~~Technology's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, ~~2020,~~2021, Form 10-Q for the ~~quarters~~quarter ended September 30, ~~2020 and December 31, 2020~~2021 and the exhibits attached to those filings. They include but are not limited to: (1) the cyclical nature of the specialty materials business and certain end-use markets, including aerospace, defense, medical, transportation, energy, industrial and consumer, or other influences on Carpenter ~~Technology’s~~Technology's business such as new competitors, the consolidation of competitors, customers, and suppliers or the transfer of manufacturing capacity from the United States to foreign countries; (2) the ability of Carpenter Technology to achieve cash generation, growth, earnings, profitability, operating income, cost savings and reductions, qualifications, productivity improvements or process changes; (3) the ability to recoup increases in the cost of energy, raw materials, freight or other factors; (4) domestic and foreign excess manufacturing capacity for certain metals; (5) fluctuations in currency exchange rates; (6) the effect of government trade actions; (7) the valuation of the assets and liabilities in Carpenter ~~Technology’s~~Technology's pension trusts and the accounting for pension plans; (8) possible labor disputes or work stoppages; (9) the potential that our customers may substitute alternate materials or adopt different manufacturing practices that replace or limit the suitability of our products; (10) the ability to successfully acquire and integrate acquisitions; (11) the availability of credit facilities to Carpenter Technology, its customers or other members of the supply chain; (12) the ability to obtain energy or raw materials, especially from suppliers located in countries that may be subject to unstable political or economic conditions; (13) Carpenter ~~Technology’s~~Technology's manufacturing processes are dependent upon highly specialized equipment located primarily in facilities in Reading and Latrobe, Pennsylvania and Athens, Alabama for which there may be limited alternatives if there are significant equipment failures or a catastrophic event; (14) the ability to hire and retain key personnel, including members of the executive management team, management, metallurgists and other skilled personnel; (15) fluctuations in oil and gas prices and production; (16) uncertainty regarding the return to service of the Boeing 737 MAX aircraft and the related supply chain disruption; (17) potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations, financial results and financial position; (18) our efforts and efforts by governmental authorities to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic, such as travel bans, shelter in place orders and business closures, and the related impact on resource allocations and manufacturing and supply chains; (19) our status as a ~~“critical”~~"critical", ~~“essential”~~"essential" or ~~“life-sustaining”~~"life-sustaining" business in light of COVID-19 business closure laws, orders and guidance being challenged by a governmental body or other applicable authority; (20) our ability to execute our business continuity, operational, budget and fiscal plans in light of the COVID-19 pandemic; and (21) our ability to successfully carry out restructuring and business exit activities on the expected terms and timelines. Any of these factors could have an adverse and/or fluctuating effect on Carpenter ~~Technology’s~~Technology's results of operations. The forward-looking statements in this document are intended to be subject to the safe harbor protection provided by Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the ~~“Securities Act”~~"Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Carpenter Technology undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

We use derivative financial instruments to reduce certain types of financial risk. Firm price sales arrangements involve a risk of profit margin fluctuations particularly as raw material prices have been volatile. As discussed in Note 1514 to the consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, ~~“Financial Statements”~~"Financial Statements", in order to reduce the risk of fluctuating profit margins on these sales, we enter into commodity forward contracts to purchase certain critical raw materials necessary to produce the products sold under the firm price sales arrangements. If a customer fails to perform its obligations under the firm price sales arrangements, we may realize losses as a result of the related commodity forward contracts. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2021, we had approximately ~~$18.4~~$16.0 million of net deferred gains related to commodity forward contracts to purchase certain raw materials. A large portion of this balance is related to commodity forward contracts to support firm price sales arrangements associated with many customers. However, approximately 4523 percent of these contracts relate to commodity forward contracts entered into to support sales under firm price sales arrangements with one customer in addition to the credit already extended to this customer in connection with outstanding trade receivables. Our customers have historically performed under these arrangements, and we believe that they will honor such obligations in the future.

We are actively involved in managing risks associated with energy resources. Risk containment strategies include interaction with primary and secondary energy suppliers as well as obtaining adequate insurance coverage to compensate us for potential business interruption related to lack of availability of energy resources. In addition, we have used forwards and options to fix the price of a portion of our anticipated future purchases of certain energy requirements to protect against the impact of significant increases in energy costs. We also use surcharge mechanisms to offset a portion of these charges where appropriate.

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could subject us to risk of losses on anticipated future cash flows from our international operations or customers. Foreign currency forward contracts are used to hedge certain foreign exchange risks.

We use interest rate swaps to achieve a level of floating rate debt relative to fixed rate debt where appropriate. Historically, we have entered into forward interest rate swap contracts to manage the risk of cash flow variability associated with fixed interest debt expected to be issued.

All hedging strategies are reviewed and approved by senior financial management before being implemented. Senior financial management has established policies regarding the use of derivative instruments that prohibit the use of speculative or leveraged derivatives. Market valuations are performed at least quarterly to monitor the effectiveness of our risk management programs.

Based on the current funding level, the allocation policy for pension plan assets is to have approximately 6075 percent in return seeking assets and 4025 percent in liability matching assets. Return seeking assets include domestic and international equities, real assets and diversified ~~loan funds.~~credit strategies. Liability matching assets include long duration bond funds.

The status of our financial instruments as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 is provided in Note 1514 to the consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, ~~“Financial Statements”~~"Financial Statements" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Assuming either of the following occurred on ~~March~~December 31, 2021, (a) an instantaneous 10 percent decrease in the price of raw materials and energy for which we have commodity forward contracts, or (b) a 10 percent strengthening of the U.S. dollar versus foreign currencies for which foreign exchange forward contracts existed, our results of operations would not have been materially affected in either scenario.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The ~~Company’s~~Company's management, with the participation of the ~~Company’s~~Company's President and Chief Executive Officer and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the ~~Company’s~~Company's disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a—15(e) and 15d—15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the ~~“Exchange Act”~~"Exchange Act"), as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021. Based on that evaluation, the President and Chief Executive Officer and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that the ~~Company’s~~Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of ~~March~~December 31, 2021 were effective in providing a reasonable level of assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods required under the Securities and Exchange ~~Commission’s~~Commission's rules and forms, including a reasonable level of assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the ~~Company’s~~Company's management, including the ~~Company’s~~Company's President and Chief Executive Officer and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Effective January 1, 2021, the Company implemented a global enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system. The new ERP system replaced multiple current business systems and was designed to improve manufacturing planning, development and processes, accurately maintain books and records, record transactions and provide important information of the operations of our business to management. The Company considers this system implementation to be material to the Company. As a result of the implementation, controls that were previously determined to be effective were replaced with new or modified controls that were also determined to be effective. Other than this system implementation, there wereThere have been no changes in the ~~Company’s~~Company's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021 that have materially affected, or are ~~reasonably~~ likely to materially affect, the ~~Company’s~~Company's internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Pending legal proceedings involve ordinary routine litigation incidental to our business, which we do not believe would have a material adverse effect on our business regardless of their outcome. See ~~“Management’s~~"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Contingencies.”"

Item 1A. Risk Factors

We have evaluated the risks associated with our business and operations and determined that those risk factors included in Part 1, Item 1A of our ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K adequately disclose the material risks that we face.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

There were no reportable purchases during the quarter ended ~~March~~December 31, 2021, however employees surrendered ~~1,316~~1,461 shares to the Company, at an average purchase price of ~~$34.93,~~$30.33, during such quarter for the payment of the minimum tax liability withholding obligations upon the vesting of shares of restricted stock and the exercise of options. We do not consider this a share buyback program.

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Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit No.						Description

~~10 (A)~~						Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 26, 2021 among Carpenter Technology Corporation, as borrower, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer, and the other lenders party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Syndication Agent, PNC Bank, National Association, U.S. Bank, National Association and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, each, as a documentation agent, and B of A Securities, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners. (Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 30, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference)

~~10(B)~~						Security Agreement dated as of March 26, 2021 by and among the Company, the grantors party thereto and Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent for the secured parties (Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 30, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference)

31 (A)						Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a—14(a) and Rule 15d—14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended. (filed herewith)

31 (B)						Certification of Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a—14(a) and Rule 15d—14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended. (filed herewith)

32						Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (filed herewith)

101						The following financial information from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) and filed electronically herewith: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive ~~(Loss) Income;~~Loss; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (v) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity; and (vi) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized officer.


			Carpenter Technology Corporation
			(Registrant)

Date: ~~April 29, 2021~~February 2, 2022			/s/ Timothy Lain
			Timothy Lain
			Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

			(Principal Financial Officer)

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($ in millions)	June 30, 2020		Impairment		Other		March 31, 2021
Goodwill	$	372.2	$	—	$	3.8	$	376.0
Accumulated impairment losses	(81.8)		(52.8)		—		(134.6)
Total goodwill	$	290.4	$	(52.8)	$	3.8	$	241.4

Specialty Alloy Operations	$	195.5	$	—	$	—	$	195.5
Performance Engineered Products	94.9		(52.8)		3.8		45.9
Total goodwill	$	290.4	$	(52.8)	$	3.8	$	241.4


Three months ended March 31,	Pension Plans				Other Postretirement Plans

($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Service cost	$	2.4	$	2.4	$	0.7	$	0.7
Interest cost	9.8		11.7		1.9		2.3
Expected return on plan assets	(14.1)		(15.5)		(1.6)		(1.8)
Amortization of net loss	3.8		3.9		0.9		0.6
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)	0.5		0.5		(1.0)		(1.0)
Settlement charge	8.9		0		0		0
Net periodic benefit costs	$	11.3	$	3.0	$	0.9	$	0.8


Nine months ended March 31,	Pension Plans				Other Postretirement Plans

($ in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Service cost	$	7.2	$	7.3	$	2.0	$	2.0
Interest cost	29.6		35.1		5.8		6.8
Expected return on plan assets	(41.9)		(46.6)		(4.8)		(5.3)
Amortization of net loss	12.4		11.6		2.7		1.9
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)	1.5		1.6		(3.1)		(2.9)
Settlement charge	8.9		0		0		0
Net periodic benefit costs	$	17.7	$	9.0	$	2.6	$	2.5


($ in millions)	March 31, 2021
2021 (remaining period of fiscal year)	$	2.9
2022	10.2
2023	8.5
2024	6.4
2025	4.1
Thereafter	23.9
Total future minimum lease payments	56.0
Less imputed interest	(9.5)
Total	$	46.5


($ in millions)	Location of Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income	Amount of Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income
		Three Months Ended March 31,
		2021		2020
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
Commodity contracts	Cost of sales	$	1.4	$	2.2
Foreign exchange contracts	Net sales	0		0.1
Forward interest rate swaps	Interest expense	0.1		0.1
Total		$	1.5	$	2.4


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021						Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
($ in millions)	Net Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense		Net Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations in which the effects of cash flow and fair value hedges are recorded	$	351.9	$	336.5	$	8.9	$	585.4	$	475.9	$	4.9

Gain on Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
Commodity contracts
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income	$	0	$	1.4	$	0	$	0	$	2.2	$	0
Foreign currency forward contracts
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income	0		0		0		0.1		0		0
Interest rate swap agreements
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI to income	0		0		0.1		0		0		0.1
(Loss) gain on Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationship:
Interest rate swap agreements
Hedged Item	0		0		0		0		0		(0.6)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	0		0		0		0		0		0.6
Total gain	$	0	$	1.4	$	0.1	$	0.1	$	2.2	$	0.1


	Carrying amount of the hedged liabilities				Cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustment included in the carrying amount of the hedged liabilities
($ in millions)	March 31, 2021		June 30, 2020		March 31, 2021		June 30, 2020
Line item in the consolidated balance sheets in which the hedged item is included
Long-term debt	$	0	$	152.8	$	0	$	2.8


	Three Months Ended March 31,				$ (Decrease)		% (Decrease)
($ in millions)	2021		2020
Specialty Alloys Operations	$	299.6	$	488.1	$	(188.5)	(39)	%
Performance Engineered Products	65.7		108.6		(42.9)		(40)	%
Intersegment	(13.4)		(11.3)		(2.1)		(19)	%
Total net sales	$	351.9	$	585.4	$	(233.5)	(40)	%


($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Income Before Income Taxes		Income Tax Expense		Net Income		Earnings Per Diluted Share*
Three months ended March 31, 2020, as reported	$	49.9	$	(10.0)	$	39.9	$	0.82
Special item:
None reported	—		—		—		—



Three months ended March 31, 2020, as adjusted	$	49.9	$	(10.0)	$	39.9	$	0.82