UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
[X]☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 201929, 2020
OR
[ ]☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number 0-1088
KELLY SERVICES, INC.
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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWAREDelaware38-1510762
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)


999 WEST BIG BEAVER ROAD, TROY, MICHIGANWest Big Beaver Road, Troy, Michigan 48084
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(Address of principal executive offices)  (Zip Code)


(248) 362-4444
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(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)


No Change
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(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each
class		Trading
Symbols		Name of each exchange
on which registered
Class A CommonKELYANASDAQ Global Market
Class B CommonKELYBNASDAQ Global Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X]☒ No [  ]☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes [X]☒ No [  ]☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer [X]☒Accelerated filer [ ]☐
Non-accelerated filer [  ] (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)☐Smaller reporting company [  ]☐
Emerging growth company [  ]☐


If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [  ]☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes [  ]☐ No [X]


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each
class		Trading
Symbols		Name of each exchange
on which registered
Class A CommonKELYANASDAQ Global Market
Class B CommonKELYBNASDAQ Global Market
☒
At April 29, 2019, 35,636,758May 3, 2020, 35,830,916 shares of Class A and 3,432,0723,427,538 shares of Class B common stock of the Registrant were outstanding.

2

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Page Number
Page Number
4
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited).
4
Consolidated Statements of Earnings
4
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
5
Consolidated Balance Sheets
6
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
8
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
9
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1011
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
2627
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
3537
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
3637
3637
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
3637
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
3638
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
3738
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
3739
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
3739
Item 5. Other Information.
3739
Item 6. Exhibits.
3739
SIGNATURES
3841


3

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars except per share data)
 
 13 Weeks Ended
   March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Revenue from services$1,261.1  $1,382.6  
Cost of services1,037.8  1,131.0  
Gross profit223.3  251.6  
Selling, general and administrative expenses219.5  234.8  
Goodwill impairment charge147.7  —  
Gain on sale of assets(32.1) —  
Earnings (loss) from operations(111.8) 16.8  
Gain (loss) on investment in Persol Holdings(77.8) 13.2  
Other income (expense), net1.7  (1.1) 
Earnings (loss) before taxes and equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate(187.9) 28.9  
Income tax expense (benefit)(36.2) 6.4  
Net earnings (loss) before equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate(151.7) 22.5  
Equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate(1.5) (0.4) 
Net earnings (loss)$(153.2) $22.1  
Basic earnings (loss) per share$(3.91) $0.56  
Diluted earnings (loss) per share$(3.91) $0.56  
Average shares outstanding (millions):
Basic39.2  39.0  
Diluted39.2  39.1  
 13 Weeks Ended
 March 31,
2019		 April 1,
2018
Revenue from services$1,382.6
 $1,369.9
    
Cost of services1,131.0
 1,131.7
    
Gross profit251.6
 238.2
    
Selling, general and administrative expenses234.8
 226.2
    
Earnings from operations16.8
 12.0
    
Gain on investment in Persol Holdings13.2
 23.7
    
Other expense, net(1.1) (1.7)
    
Earnings before taxes and equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate28.9
 34.0
    
Income tax expense6.4
 6.4
    
Net earnings before equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate22.5
 27.6
    
Equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate(0.4) 1.5
    
Net earnings$22.1
 $29.1
    
Basic earnings per share$0.56
 $0.74
Diluted earnings per share$0.56
 $0.74
    
Average shares outstanding (millions):   
Basic39.0
 38.6
Diluted39.1
 38.9
 
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
 
 13 Weeks Ended
 March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Net earnings (loss)$(153.2) $22.1  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax expense of $0.1 and $0.1, respectively(7.4) (1.5) 
Less: Reclassification adjustments included in net earnings—  —  
Foreign currency translation adjustments(7.4) (1.5) 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(7.4) (1.5) 
Comprehensive income (loss)$(160.6) $20.6  
 13 Weeks Ended
 March 31,
2019		 April 1,
2018
Net earnings$22.1
 $29.1
    
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:   
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax expense of $0.1 and $0.0, respectively(1.5) 14.0
Less: Reclassification adjustments included in net earnings—
 —
Foreign currency translation adjustments(1.5) 14.0
    
Other comprehensive income (loss)(1.5) 14.0
    
Comprehensive income$20.6
 $43.1
 
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


5

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions) 
March 31,
2019		 December 30,
2018		March 29,
2020		December 29,
2019
Assets   Assets
Current Assets   Current Assets  
Cash and equivalents$30.9
 $35.3
Cash and equivalents$48.3  $25.8  
Trade accounts receivable, less allowances of $12.0 and $13.2, respectively1,283.1
 1,293.3
Trade accounts receivable, less allowances of $11.1 and $12.9, respectivelyTrade accounts receivable, less allowances of $11.1 and $12.9, respectively1,236.1  1,282.2  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets86.2
 71.9
Prepaid expenses and other current assets81.4  76.5  
Properties held for saleProperties held for sale—  21.2  
Total current assets1,400.2
 1,400.5
Total current assets1,365.8  1,405.7  
   
Noncurrent Assets   Noncurrent Assets
Property and equipment:   Property and equipment:
Property and equipment368.2
 294.7
Property and equipment215.4  225.8  
Accumulated depreciation(212.7) (208.4)Accumulated depreciation(177.3) (182.7) 
Net property and equipment155.5
 86.3
Net property and equipment38.1  43.1  
Operating lease right-of-use assetsOperating lease right-of-use assets89.2  60.4  
Deferred taxes204.6
 198.7
Deferred taxes249.5  229.1  
Goodwill127.8
 107.3
Goodwill, netGoodwill, net—  127.8  
Investment in Persol Holdings147.2
 135.1
Investment in Persol Holdings96.8  173.2  
Investment in equity affiliate121.2
 121.3
Investment in equity affiliate116.3  117.2  
Other assets315.7
 265.2
Other assets306.1  324.1  
Total noncurrent assets1,072.0
 913.9
Total noncurrent assets896.0  1,074.9  
   
Total Assets$2,472.2
 $2,314.4
Total Assets$2,261.8  $2,480.6  
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.



6

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions) 
March 31,
2019		 December 30,
2018		March 29,
2020		December 29,
2019
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity   Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities   Current Liabilities  
Short-term borrowings$74.2
 $2.2
Short-term borrowings$1.7  $1.9  
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities517.8
 540.6
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities475.5  503.6  
Operating lease liabilitiesOperating lease liabilities19.2  20.1  
Accrued payroll and related taxes292.1
 266.0
Accrued payroll and related taxes259.7  267.6  
Accrued workers’ compensation and other claims24.4
 26.0
Accrued workers’ compensation and other claims26.1  25.7  
Income and other taxes64.9
 62.7
Income and other taxes60.6  65.2  
Total current liabilities973.4
 897.5
Total current liabilities842.8  884.1  
   
Noncurrent Liabilities   Noncurrent Liabilities  
Operating lease liabilitiesOperating lease liabilities72.7  43.3  
Accrued workers’ compensation and other claims47.9
 50.5
Accrued workers’ compensation and other claims46.4  45.8  
Accrued retirement benefits176.0
 162.9
Accrued retirement benefits164.5  187.4  
Other long-term liabilities97.1
 44.0
Other long-term liabilities35.3  55.5  
Total noncurrent liabilities321.0
 257.4
Total noncurrent liabilities318.9  332.0  
   
Commitments and contingencies (see Contingencies footnote)

 

Commitments and contingencies (see Contingencies footnote)
   
Stockholders’ Equity   Stockholders’ Equity  
Capital stock, $1.00 par value   Capital stock, $1.00 par value  
Class A common stock, 100.0 shares authorized; 36.6 shares issued at 2019 and 201836.6
 36.6
Class B common stock, 10.0 shares authorized; 3.5 shares issued at 2019 and 20183.5
 3.5
Class A common stock, 100.0 shares authorized; 36.6 shares issued at 2020 and 2019Class A common stock, 100.0 shares authorized; 36.6 shares issued at 2020 and 201936.6  36.6  
Class B common stock, 10.0 shares authorized; 3.5 shares issued at 2020 and 2019Class B common stock, 10.0 shares authorized; 3.5 shares issued at 2020 and 20193.5  3.5  
Treasury stock, at cost   Treasury stock, at cost 
Class A common stock, 1.0 shares at 2019 and 1.2 shares at 2018(21.3) (25.4)
Class A common stock, 0.8 shares at 2020 and 1.0 shares at 2019Class A common stock, 0.8 shares at 2020 and 1.0 shares at 2019(17.4) (20.3) 
Class B common stock(0.6) (0.6)Class B common stock(0.6) (0.6) 
Paid-in capital21.0
 24.4
Paid-in capital19.5  22.5  
Earnings invested in the business1,157.2
 1,138.1
Earnings invested in the business1,081.7  1,238.6  
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(18.6) (17.1)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(23.2) (15.8) 
Total stockholders’ equity1,177.8
 1,159.5
Total stockholders’ equity1,100.1  1,264.5  
   
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity$2,472.2
 $2,314.4
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity$2,261.8  $2,480.6  
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

7

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
13 Weeks Ended 13 Weeks Ended
March 31,
2019		 April 1,
2018		 March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Capital Stock   Capital Stock
Class A common stock   Class A common stock
Balance at beginning of period$36.6
 $36.6
Balance at beginning of period$36.6  $36.6  
Conversions from Class B—
 —
Conversions from Class B—  —  
Balance at end of period36.6
 36.6
Balance at end of period36.6  36.6  
   
Class B common stock   Class B common stock
Balance at beginning of period3.5
 3.5
Balance at beginning of period3.5  3.5  
Conversions to Class A—
 —
Conversions to Class A—  —  
Balance at end of period3.5
 3.5
Balance at end of period3.5  3.5  
   
Treasury Stock   Treasury Stock
Class A common stock   Class A common stock
Balance at beginning of period(25.4) (34.6)Balance at beginning of period(20.3) (25.4) 
Net issuance of stock awards4.1
 7.3
Net issuance of stock awards2.9  4.1  
Balance at end of period(21.3) (27.3)Balance at end of period(17.4) (21.3) 
   
Class B common stock   Class B common stock
Balance at beginning of period(0.6) (0.6)Balance at beginning of period(0.6) (0.6) 
Net issuance of stock awards—
 —
Net issuance of stock awards—  —  
Balance at end of period(0.6) (0.6)Balance at end of period(0.6) (0.6) 
   
Paid-in Capital   Paid-in Capital
Balance at beginning of period24.4
 32.2
Balance at beginning of period22.5  24.4  
Net issuance of stock awards(3.4) (11.1)Net issuance of stock awards(3.0) (3.4) 
Balance at end of period21.0
 21.1
Balance at end of period19.5  21.0  
   
Earnings Invested in the Business   Earnings Invested in the Business
Balance at beginning of period1,138.1
 983.6
Balance at beginning of period1,238.6  1,138.1  
Cumulative-effect adjustment from adoption of ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments—
 140.0
Cumulative-effect adjustment from adoption of ASU 2014-09, Revenue—
 3.4
Net earnings22.1
 29.1
Cumulative-effect adjustment, net of tax, from adoption of ASU 2016-13, Credit LossesCumulative-effect adjustment, net of tax, from adoption of ASU 2016-13, Credit Losses(0.7) —  
Net earnings (loss)Net earnings (loss)(153.2) 22.1  
Dividends(3.0) (2.9)Dividends(3.0) (3.0) 
Balance at end of period1,157.2
 1,153.2
Balance at end of period1,081.7  1,157.2  
   
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)   Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at beginning of period(17.1) 130.8
Balance at beginning of period(15.8) (17.1) 
Cumulative-effect adjustment from adoption of ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments—
 (140.0)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax(1.5) 14.0
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax(7.4) (1.5) 
Balance at end of period(18.6) 4.8
Balance at end of period(23.2) (18.6) 
   
Stockholders’ Equity at end of period$1,177.8
 $1,191.3
Stockholders’ Equity at end of period$1,100.1  $1,177.8  
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

8

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
 13 Weeks Ended
 March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Cash flows from operating activities:  
Net earnings (loss)$(153.2) $22.1  
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash from operating activities:  
Goodwill impairment charge147.7  —  
Deferred income taxes on goodwill impairment charge(23.0) —  
Depreciation and amortization6.0  7.6  
Operating lease asset amortization5.3  5.8  
Provision for bad debts(0.4) 0.3  
Stock-based compensation1.2  3.2  
(Gain) loss on investment in Persol Holdings77.8  (13.2) 
(Gain) loss on sale of assets(32.1) —  
Equity in net (earnings) loss of PersolKelly Pte. Ltd.1.5  0.4  
Other, net0.7  (0.4) 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions(23.1) (4.6) 
Net cash from operating activities8.4  21.2  
Cash flows from investing activities:  
Capital expenditures(3.0) (4.2) 
Acquisition of companies, net of cash received(36.3) (86.4) 
Investment in equity securities(0.3) —  
Proceeds from sale of assets55.5  —  
Other investing activities—  0.3  
Net cash from (used in) investing activities15.9  (90.3) 
Cash flows from financing activities:  
Net change in short-term borrowings(0.1) 72.0  
Financing lease payments(0.3) —  
Dividend payments(3.0) (3.0) 
Payments of tax withholding for stock awards(1.1) (2.3) 
  Other financing activities(0.1) —  
Net cash (used in) from financing activities(4.6) 66.7  
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash2.8  (1.9) 
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash22.5  (4.3) 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period31.0  40.1  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period (1)
$53.5  $35.8  





9

 13 Weeks Ended
 March 31,
2019		 April 1,
2018
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net earnings$22.1
 $29.1
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash from operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization7.6
 6.3
Provision for bad debts0.3
 1.7
Stock-based compensation3.2
 2.5
Gain on investment in Persol Holdings(13.2) (23.7)
Equity in net earnings of PersolKelly Asia Pacific0.4
 (1.5)
Other, net(0.4) 0.1
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions1.2
 (18.6)
    
Net cash from (used in) operating activities21.2
 (4.1)
    
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Capital expenditures(4.2) (4.6)
Acquisition of companies, net of cash received(86.4) —
Other investing activities0.3
 (0.3)
    
Net cash used in investing activities(90.3) (4.9)
    
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Net change in short-term borrowings72.0
 23.2
Dividend payments(3.0) (2.9)
Payments of tax withholding for stock awards(2.3) (6.2)
    
Net cash from financing activities66.7
 14.1
    
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(1.9) (0.9)
    
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(4.3) 4.2
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period40.1
 36.9
    
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period (1)
$35.8
 $41.1

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)

(1) The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to the amounts reported in our consolidated balance sheets:
13 Weeks Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:   Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:
Current assets:   Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$30.9
 $36.6
Cash and cash equivalents$48.3  $30.9  
Restricted cash included in prepaid expenses and other current assets0.2
 0.1
Restricted cash included in prepaid expenses and other current assets0.2  0.2  
Noncurrent assets:   Noncurrent assets:
Restricted cash included in other assets4.7
 4.4
Restricted cash included in other assets5.0  4.7  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$35.8
 $41.1
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$53.5  $35.8  
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

10
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)


1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Kelly Services, Inc. (the “Company,” “Kelly,” “we” or “us”) have been prepared in accordance with Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X and do not include all the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results of the interim periods, have been made. The results of operations for such interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results of operations for a full year. The unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2018,29, 2019, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 14,13, 2020 (the 2019 (the 2018 consolidated financial statements). The Company’s first fiscal quarter ended on March 29, 2020 (2020) and March 31, 2019 (2019) and April 1, 2018 (2018), each of which contained 13 weeks.


Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year’syear's consolidated financial statements to conform to the current year’syear's presentation.


11
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)
2. Revenue
Adoption of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers
On January 1, 2018, we adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), using the modified retrospective method applied to those contracts which were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under ASC 605.

We recorded a net increase to opening earnings invested in the business of $3.4 million as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606. The impact is primarily driven by the deferral of contract costs related to our customer contracts of $5.2 million, partially offset by deferring revenue billed at a point in time for services performed over time of $0.6 million and a deferred tax liability of $1.2 million. As of and for year to date 2018, the consolidated financial statements were not materially impacted as a result of the application of Topic 606 compared to Topic 605.

Revenue RecognitionDisaggregated by Service Type
Revenues are recognized when control of the promised services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those services. Our revenues are recorded net of any sales, value added, or similar taxes collected from our customers. We generate revenue from: the hourly sales of services by our temporary employees to customers (“staffing solutions” revenue), the recruiting of permanent employees for our customers (“permanent placement” revenue), and through our talent fulfillment and outcome-based activities (“talent solutions” and “outcome-based services” revenue).

Staffing Solutions Revenue
Staffing solutions can be branch-delivered (Americas and EMEA regions) or centrally delivered (within Global Talent Solutions (“GTS”("GTS")). Our Americas Staffing segment is organized to deliver services in a number of specialty staffing solutions, which are summarized as: commercial, specialized professional/technical (“PT”("PT") and educational staffing.

Permanent Placement Revenue
Permanent placement solutions can be branch-delivered (Americas and EMEA regions) or centrally delivered (within GTS). Our permanent placement revenue is recorded when the permanent placement candidate begins full-time employment. On the candidate start date, the customer accepts the candidate and can direct the use of the candidate as well as obtains the significant risk and rewards of the candidate.  As such, we consider this the point the control transfers to the customer.

Talent Solutions and Outcome-Based Services Revenue
In addition to centrally delivered staffing services, our GTS segment also includes talent solutions (contingent workforce outsourcing “CWO”,"CWO," payroll process outsourcing “PPO”"PPO," and recruitment process outsourcing “RPO”"RPO,") and outcome-based services (business process outsourcing “BPO”,"BPO," KellyConnect, career transition/outplacement services and talent advisory services).


The following table presents our segment revenues disaggregated by service type (in millions):
First Quarter
20202019
Branch-Delivered Staffing
Americas Staffing
Staffing Solutions
Commercial$308.5  $392.5  
Education143.1  139.6  
Professional/Technical75.4  85.5  
Permanent Placement6.4  8.9  
Total Americas Staffing533.4  626.5  
International Staffing
Staffing Solutions221.9  252.2  
Permanent Placement5.7  6.7  
Total International Staffing227.6  258.9  
Global Talent Solutions
Talent Fulfillment
Staffing Solutions244.5  255.6  
Permanent Placement0.3  0.3  
Talent Solutions86.2  89.7  
Total Talent Fulfillment331.0  345.6  
Outcome-Based Services172.2  155.4  
Total Global Talent Solutions503.2  501.0  
Total Intersegment(3.1) (3.8) 
Total Revenue from Services$1,261.1  $1,382.6  

12
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Revenue Disaggregated by Geography
The following table presents our segment revenues disaggregated by service type (in millions):
  First Quarter
  2019 2018
Branch-Delivered Staffing    
Americas Staffing    
Staffing Solutions    
Commercial $392.5
 $398.4
Educational Staffing 139.6
 130.1
Professional/Technical 85.5
 67.4
Permanent Placement 8.9
 8.4
Total Americas Staffing 626.5
 604.3
     
International Staffing    
Staffing Solutions 252.2
 276.9
Permanent Placement 6.7
 7.8
Total International Staffing 258.9
 284.7
     
Global Talent Solutions    
Talent Fulfillment    
Staffing Solutions 255.6
 284.2
Permanent Placement 0.3
 0.4
Talent Solutions 89.7
 85.0
Total Talent Fulfillment 345.6
 369.6
     
Outcome-Based Services 155.4
 116.2
Total Global Talent Solutions 501.0
 485.8
     
Total Intersegment (3.8) (4.9)
     
Total Revenue from Services $1,382.6
 $1,369.9

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)


Our operations are subject to different economic and regulatory environments depending on geographic location. Our GTS segment operates in the Americas, EMEA and APAC regions. In the first quarter of 20192020 and 2018,2019, GTS made up $484.4$486.5 million and $468.6$484.4 million in total Americas, respectively, $11.1$10.0 million and $12.1$11.1 million in total EMEA, respectively, and the entire balance in APAC.


The below table presents our revenues disaggregated by geography (in millions):
First Quarter
20202019
Americas
United States$928.5  $1,018.9  
Canada32.8  33.0  
Mexico28.7  27.5  
Puerto Rico17.7  19.2  
Brazil9.1  8.5  
Total Americas1,016.8  1,107.1  
EMEA
France52.5  64.3  
Switzerland44.2  49.5  
Portugal43.6  44.8  
Russia32.1  25.4  
United Kingdom22.3  26.2  
Italy14.7  20.6  
Germany8.0  11.1  
Ireland5.0  10.1  
Other15.2  18.0  
Total EMEA237.6  270.0  
Total APAC6.7  5.5  
Total Kelly Services, Inc.$1,261.1  $1,382.6  
  First Quarter
  2019 2018
Americas    
United States $1,018.9
 $974.7
Canada 33.0
 33.6
Mexico 27.5
 30.4
Puerto Rico 19.2
 19.8
Brazil 8.5
 9.5
Total Americas 1,107.1
 1,068.0
     
EMEA    
France 64.3
 71.9
Switzerland 49.5
 49.7
Portugal 44.8
 51.1
United Kingdom 26.2
 29.0
Russia 25.4
 26.1
Italy 20.6
 20.5
Germany 11.1
 16.4
Ireland 10.1
 11.3
Other 18.0
 20.8
Total EMEA 270.0
 296.8
     
Total APAC 5.5
 5.1
     
Total Kelly Services, Inc. $1,382.6
 $1,369.9


Deferred Costs
Deferred sales commissions are paid at initial contract inception and upon contract renewal by our sales team.
Deferred sales commissions, which are included in other assets onin the consolidated balance sheet, were $2.0$1.3 million as of first quarter-end 20192020 and $2.3$1.5 million as of year-end 2018.2019. Amortization expense for the deferred costs infor the first quarter of 20192020 was $0.5$0.3 million and in the first quarter of 20182019 was $0.4$0.5 million.


Deferred fulfillment costs are incurred after obtaining a contract in order to generate a resource that will be used to provide our services. Deferred fulfillment costs, which are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets onin the consolidated balance sheet, were $2.5$2.8 million as of first quarter-end 20192020 and $3.0$3.6 million as of year-end 2018.2019. Amortization expense for the deferred costs infor the first quarter of 20192020 was $3.4$4.8 million and in the first quarter of 20182019 was $2.1$3.4 million.

13
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

3. Credit Losses
3. Acquisitions
On December 30, 2019, we adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 326 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance-sheet credit exposures, as applicable. Results for reporting periods beginning after December 30, 2019 are presented under ASC 326 while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable GAAP. As a result of adopting this guidance, we have updated our accounting policies as follows.

Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts Receivable The Company records an allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, billed and unbilled, based on historical loss experience, customer payment patterns, current economic trends, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, as applicable. The reserve for sales allowances is also included in the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable. The Company estimates the current expected credit losses by applying internally developed loss rates to all outstanding receivable balances by aging category. Accounts receivable are written-off against the allowance when they are deemed uncollectible. The Company reviews the adequacy of the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable on a quarterly basis and, if necessary, increases or decreases the balance by recording a charge or credit to selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses for the portion of the adjustment relating to uncollectible accounts receivable, and a charge or credit to revenue from services for the portion of the adjustment relating to sales allowances.

Allowance for Credit Losses - Other Financial Assets The Company measures expected credit losses on qualified financial assets that do not result from revenue transactions using a probability of default method by type of financing receivable. The estimate of expected credit losses considers credit ratings, financial data, historical write-off experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, as applicable, to estimate the risk of loss.

We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our sales of workforce solution services to customers. We establish an allowance for estimated credit losses in the current period resulting from the failure of our customers to make required payments on their trade accounts receivable in future periods. We pool such assets by geography and other similar risk characteristics, such as accounts in collection, and apply an aging method to estimate future credit losses utilizing inputs such as historical write-off experience, customer payment patterns, current collection data, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, as applicable. Credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is limited due to short payment terms. The Company also performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers to help analyze credit risk. We monitor ongoing credit exposure through frequent review of past due accounts (based on the payment terms of the contract) and follow-up with customers, as appropriate.We may employ collection agencies and legal counsel to pursue recovery of defaulted receivables.

We are also exposed to credit losses from our loan to PersolKelly Pte. Ltd. and other receivables measured at amortized cost. The allowances were not material for the first-quarter end 2020.See Investment in PersolKelly Pte. Ltd. footnote for more information on the loan to PersolKelly Pte. Ltd.

The rollforward of our allowance for credit losses is as follows (in millions):

First Quarter
2020
Allowance for bad debt:
Beginning balance$9.7 
Impact of adopting ASC 3260.3 
Current period provision(0.4)
Currency exchange effects(0.5)
Write-offs(0.2)
Ending balance$8.9 

Write-offs are presented net of recoveries, which were not material for first quarter-end 2020.

Allowances for credit losses are recorded in trade accounts receivable, less allowances and other assets in the consolidated balance sheet.
14
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)
4. Acquisitions
In the first quarter of 2020, Kelly Services USA, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, acquired Insight Workforce Solutions LLC and its affiliate, Insight EDU LLC (collectively, "Insight"), as detailed below. In the first quarter of 2019, the Company acquired NextGen Global Resources LLC (“NextGen”) and Global Technology Associates, LLC (“GTA”), as detailed below. We have accounted for these acquisitions under Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-01,ASC 805, Business Combinations.

Insight

On January 14, 2020, Kelly Services USA, LLC acquired 100% of the membership interests of Insight, an educational staffing company in the U.S, for a purchase price of $34.5 million. Under terms of the purchase agreement, the purchase price was adjusted for cash held by Insight at the closing date and estimated working capital adjustments resulting in the Company paying cash of $38.1 million. The purchase price of the acquisition also includes contingent consideration with an estimated fair value of $1.6 million related to an earnout payment in the event certain conditions are met per the terms of the agreement. The fair value of the earnout was established using a Monte Carlo simulation and the liability is recorded in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet.

This acquisition will increase our market share in the education staffing market in the U.S. Insight's results of operations are included in the Americas Staffing segment. Pro forma results of operations for this acquisition have not been presented as it is not material to the consolidated statements of earnings.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of the acquisition (in millions of dollars):

Cash$1.8 
Trade accounts receivable9.6 
Other current assets0.2 
Property and equipment0.2 
Goodwill19.9 
Intangibles10.6 
Other noncurrent assets0.1 
Current liabilities(2.6)
Noncurrent liabilities(0.1)
Assets acquired net of liabilities assumed$39.7 

The fair value of the acquired receivables represents the contractual value. Included in the assets purchased in the Insight acquisition was approximately $10.6 million of intangible assets, made up entirely of customer relationships. The fair value of the customer relationships was determined using the multi-period excess earnings method. The customer relationships will be amortized over 10 years with no residual value. Goodwill generated from the acquisition is primarily attributable to the expected synergies from combining operations and expanding market potential, and is assigned to the Americas Staffing reporting unit (see Goodwill footnote). The amount of goodwill expected to be deductible for tax purposes is approximately $18.5 million.

NextGen Global Resources


On January 2, 2019, the Company acquired 100% of the membership interests of NextGen, a leading provider of telecommunications wireless and connected technology staffing solutions, for a purchase price of $51.0 million. Under terms of the purchase agreement, the purchase price was adjusted for cash held by NextGen at the closing date and estimated working capital adjustments resulting in the Company paying cash of $54.3 million. Due to the limited amount of time that has passed since acquiring NextGen, the purchase price allocation for this acquisition is preliminary and could change.

This acquisition will increase our market share in the telecommunications, wireless and connected technology markets within our engineering solutions in the U.S. NextGen’s results of operations are included in the Americas Staffing segment for the 2019 first quarter end.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of the acquisition, (in millions of dollars):the first quarter 2019 actual results represent the first quarter 2019 pro forma results.

Cash$3.5
Trade accounts receivable19.7
Other current assets0.3
Goodwill13.7
Intangibles21.5
Other noncurrent assets0.5
Current liabilities(4.9)
Purchase price paid, including working capital adjustments$54.3

Included in the assets purchased in the NextGen acquisition was approximately $21.5 million of intangible assets, made up of $12.9 million in customer relationships, $8.1 million associated with NextGen’s trade name and $0.5 million for non-compete agreements. The customer relationships will be amortized over 10 years with no residual value, the trade name will be amortized over 15 years with no residual value and the non-compete agreements will be amortized over five years with no residual value. Goodwill generated from this acquisition is primarily attributable to the market potential as a staffing solutions provider to the expanding telecommunications industry, and is assigned to the Americas Staffing reporting unit (see Goodwill footnote). All of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. 

15
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)
Global Technology Associates


On January 2, 2019, in a separate transaction, the Company acquired 100% of the membership interests of GTA, a leading provider of engineering, technology and business consulting solutions in the telecommunications industry, for a purchase price of $34.0 million. Under terms of the purchase agreement, the purchase price was adjusted for cash held by GTA at the closing date and estimated working capital adjustments resulting in the Company paying cash of $35.7 million. Due to the limited amount of time that has passed since acquiring GTA, the purchase price allocation for this acquisition is preliminary and could change.

This acquisition will increase our market share in the engineering solutions market in the U.S. within the telecommunications and connectivity space. GTA’s results of operations are included in the GTS segment for the 2019 first quarter end.

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of the acquisition, (in millions of dollars):the first quarter 2019 actual results represent the first quarter 2019 pro forma results.

Cash$0.1
Trade accounts receivable13.9
Other current assets0.1
Goodwill6.8
Intangibles17.3
Other noncurrent assets0.4
Current liabilities(2.9)
Purchase price paid, including working capital adjustments$35.7

Included in the assets purchased in the GTA acquisition was approximately $17.3 million of intangible assets, made up of $12.1 million in customer relationships, $4.0 million associated with GTA’s trade name and $1.2 million for non-compete agreements. The customer relationships will be amortized over 10 years with no residual value, the trade name will be amortized over 15 years with no residual value and the non-compete agreements will be amortized over five years with no residual value. Goodwill generated from this acquisition is primarily attributable to the market potential as a solutions provider to the expanding telecommunications industry, and is assigned to the GTS reporting unit (see Goodwill footnote). All of

As noted above, goodwill related to these acquisitions was assigned to the Americas Staffing and GTS reporting units and was included in the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

Pro Forma Information

Our consolidated revenues and net earnings since the date of the acquisitions included $20.2 million and $0.9 million, respectively, from NextGen and $15.7 million and $0.8 million, respectively, from GTA. The following unaudited pro forma information presents a summary of the operating results as if the NextGen and GTA acquisitions had been completed as of January 1, 2018 (in millions of dollars, except per share data):
 First Quarter
 2019 2018
Pro forma revenues$1,382.6
 $1,390.4
Pro forma net earnings22.1
 29.6
Pro forma basic earnings per share0.56
 0.76
Pro forma diluted earnings per share0.56
 0.75

Due to the date of the acquisitions, there were no adjustments for the first quarter 2019 pro forma results. Forimpairment charge taken in the first quarter of 2018, NextGen pro forma revenues and net earnings were $12.6 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and GTA pro forma revenues and net earnings were $7.9 million and $0.4 million, respectively.2020. The goodwill impairment charge resulted from an interim goodwill impairment test triggered by declines in our common stock price as a result of negative market reaction to the COVID-19 crisis (see Goodwill footnote).


The pro forma results for the first quarter 2018 reflect amortization of the intangible assets, applicable taxes and adjustments for the accounting for revenue under ASC 606, none of which had a material impact on the pro forma results. The unaudited pro forma information presented has been prepared for comparative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations as they would have been had the acquisitions occurred on the assumed dates, nor is it necessarily an indication of future operating results.

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

4.5. Investment in Persol Holdings


The Company has a yen-denominated investment through the Company's subsidiary, Kelly Services Japan, Inc., in the common stock of Persol Holdings a leading integrated human resource company in Japan andCo., Ltd. ("Persol Holdings"), the Company’s joint venture partner in PersolKelly Asia Pacific.Pte. Ltd. (the "JV"). As our investment is a noncontrolling interest in Persol Holdings, this investment is recorded at fair value based on the quoted market price of Persol Holdings stock on the Tokyo Stock Exchange as of the period end (see Fair Value Measurements footnote). The Company adopted ASU 2016-01 and as a result, effective January 1, 2018, all changes in fair valueA loss on the investment are recognized in net earnings which previously were recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). A cumulative catch-up adjustment of the prior net unrealized gains previously recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), and in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a component of stockholders’ equity, was recorded in earnings invested$77.8 million in the business asfirst quarter of January 1, 2018 for $140.0 million, net of $69.9 million of taxes.

A2020 and a gain on the investment of $13.2 million in the first quarter of 2019 and $23.7 million in the first quarter of 2018 was recorded in the gain (loss) on investment in Persol Holdings in the consolidated statements of earnings.


5.6.  Investment in PersolKelly Asia PacificPte. Ltd.
The Company has a 49% ownership interest in PersolKelly Asia Pacific,the JV (see Investment in Persol Holdings footnote above), a staffing solutions business operating in more than 10 countries in the Asia-Pacific region. The operating results of the Company’s interest in PersolKelly Asia Pacificthe JV are accounted for on a one-quarter lag under the equity method and are reported in the equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate in the consolidated statements of earnings.earnings, which amounted to a loss of $1.5 million in the first quarter of 2020 and a loss of $0.4 million in the first quarter of 2019. This investment is evaluated for indicators of impairment on a periodic basis or whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying amount may be other-than-temporarily impaired. If we conclude that there is an other-than-temporary impairment of this equity investment, we will adjust the carrying amount of the investment to the current fair value.
The investment in equity affiliate on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet totaled $121.2$116.3 million as of first quarter-end 20192020 and $121.3$117.2 million as of year-end 2018.2019. The net amount due from PersolKelly Asia Pacific,the JV, a related party, was $12.4$10.0 million as of the first quarter-end 20192020 and $10.2$10.9 million as of year-end 2018. Included in both balances is a loan2019. The Company made loans, proportionate to PersolKelly Asia Pacificits 49% ownership, to the JV for $7.0 million in 2018 for $7.0and an additional $4.4 million in 2019 to fund working capital requirements as a result of their sustained revenue growth,growth. The loans, which isare outstanding as of first quarter-end 2020, are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet and included in the net amounts due from the JV. The carrying value of the loans approximates the fair value based on market interest rates. Accrued interest receivable totaled $0.1 million at first-quarter end 2020 and $0.2 million at year-end 2019 and is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheet. The amount included in trade accounts payable for staffing services provided by PersolKelly Asia Pacificthe JV as a supplier to the Company’s CWO programs was $1.6$0.1 million as of first quarter-end 20192020 and $0.2 million as of year-end 2018.2019.
Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans. The required allowance is based on current and projected financial information from the JV, market-specific information and other relevant data available to the Company, as applicable. The allowance was not material for the first quarter-end 2020.
6.
The Company has accrued interest receivable from our loan to the JV. If applicable, we write off the uncollectible accrued interest receivable balance related to our loan to the JV within the same quarter the interest is determined to be uncollectible,
16
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)
which is considered timely. As such, an allowance for credit losses is not deemed necessary. Any write offs, if necessary, are recorded by reversing interest income.

Subsequent to first quarter-end 2020, 100% of the shares of Kelly Services Australia Pty Ltd and Kelly Services (New Zealand) Limited, both subsidiaries of the JV, were sold on April 1, 2020 to an affiliate of Persol Holdings. The JV received proceeds of $17.5 million upon the sale and the Company received a direct royalty payment of $0.7 million.

7.  Fair Value Measurements
Trade accounts receivable, short-term borrowings, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and accrued payroll and related taxes approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturities of these assets and liabilities.
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following tables present assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis onas of first quarter-end 2020 and year-end 2019 in the consolidated balance sheet as of first quarter-end 2019 and year-end 2018 by fair value hierarchy level, as described below.
Level 1 measurements consist of unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 measurements include quoted prices in markets that are not active or model inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 3 measurements include significant unobservable inputs.
 As of First Quarter-End 2020
DescriptionTotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (In millions of dollars)
Money market funds$4.9  $4.9  $—  $—  
Investment in Persol Holdings96.8  96.8  —  —  
Total assets at fair value$101.7  $101.7  $—  $—  
  Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
As of First Quarter-End 2019
Description Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
  (In millions of dollars)
Money market funds $4.7
 $4.7
 $—
 $—
Investment in Persol Holdings 147.2
 147.2
 —
 —
         
Total assets at fair value $151.9
 $151.9
 $—
 $—

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 As of Year-End 2019
DescriptionTotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (In millions of dollars)
Money market funds$4.9  $4.9  $—  $—  
Investment in Persol Holdings173.2  173.2  —  —  
Total assets at fair value$178.1  $178.1  $—  $—  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

  Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
As of Year-End 2018
Description Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
  (In millions of dollars)
Money market funds $4.6
 $4.6
 $—
 $—
Investment in Persol Holdings 135.1
 135.1
 —
 —
         
Total assets at fair value $139.7
 $139.7
 $—
 $—

Money market funds as of first quarter-end 20192020 and year-end 20182019 represent investments in money market accounts, all of which are restricted as to use and included in other assets onin the consolidated balance sheet. The money market funds that are restricted as to use account for the majority of our restricted cash balance and represents cash balances that are required to be maintained to fund disability claims in California. The valuations of money market funds were based on quoted market prices of those accounts as of the respective period end. 
The valuation of the investment in Persol Holdings is based on the quoted market price of Persol Holdings stock on the Tokyo Stock Exchange as of the period end, and the related changes in fair value are recorded in the consolidated statements of earnings (see Investment in Persol Holdings footnote). The cost of this yen-denominated investment, which fluctuates based on foreign exchange rates, was $18.7$19.2 million as of the first quarter-end 20192020 and $18.8$18.9 million at year-end 2018.2019.


Equity Investment Without Readily Determinable Fair Value


The Company has a minority investment in Business Talent Group, LLC, which is included in other assets onin the consolidated balance sheet. This investment is measured using the measurement alternative for equity investments without a readily determinable fair value. The measurement alternative represents cost, less impairment, plus or minus observable price changes.
17
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)
The carrying amount of $5.0 million as of the first quarter-end 20192020 and year-end 20182019 represents the purchase price. There have been no adjustmentsobservable price changes to the carrying amount or impairments.


The Company also has a minority investment in Kenzie Academy Inc., which is included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet. This investment is also measured using the measurement alternative for equity investments without a readily determinable fair value as described above. The investment totaled $1.4 million as of the first quarter-end 2020 and $1.3 million at year-end 2019, representing total cost plus observable price changes to date.
7.
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Due to the negative market reaction to the COVID-19 crisis, including declines in our common stock price, management determined that a triggering event occurred during the first quarter of 2020. We therefore performed an interim step one quantitative impairment test for both of our reporting units with goodwill, Americas Staffing and GTS. As a result of this quantitative assessment, we determined that the estimated fair value of the reporting units no longer exceeded the carrying value, and recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $147.7 million in the first quarter of 2020 (see Goodwill footnote).

8. Restructuring
In the first quarter of 2019,2020, the Company took restructuring actions to transform operationsalign costs with expected revenues, position the organization to adopt a new operating model later in order2020 and to drive growth and operational effectiveness primarily inalign the U.S. branch-based staffing operations.branch network facilities footprint with a more technology-enabled service delivery methodology.
Restructuring costs incurred in the first quarter of 20192020 totaled $6.3$8.7 million all of which is within the Americas Staffing segment. The restructuring costs, whichand are all severance related, were recorded entirely in selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”)&A expenses in the consolidated statements of earnings.
earnings, as detailed below (in millions of dollars).

Lease Termination CostsSeverance CostsTotal
Americas Staffing$4.1  $1.5  $5.6  
Global Talent Solutions—  0.9  0.9  
International Staffing0.7  0.4  1.1  
Corporate—  1.1  1.1  
Total$4.8  $3.9  $8.7  

A summary of the global restructuring balance sheet accrual, included in accrued payroll and related taxes and accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet, is detailed below (in millions of dollars).
Balance as of year-end 2018$—
Additions charged to Americas Staffing6.3
Reductions for cash payments(0.2)
Balance as of first quarter-end 2019$6.1
Balance as of year-end 2019$0.3 
Additions charged to Americas Staffing5.6 
Additions charged to Global Talent Solutions0.9 
Additions charged to International Staffing1.1 
Additions charged to Corporate1.1 
Reductions for lease termination costs related to fixed assets(0.6)
Reductions for cash payments related to all restructuring activities(4.5)
Balance as of first quarter-end 2020$3.9 

The remaining balance of $6.1$3.9 million as of first quarter-end 20192020 primarily represents severance costs, and the majority is expected to be paid by the end of 2019.2020. No material adjustments are expected to be recorded.


18
8. Goodwill
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill as of first quarter-end 2019 are included in the table below. See Acquisitions footnote for a description of the additions to goodwill in the first quarter of 2019.
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

9. Goodwill
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill as of first quarter-end 2020 are included in the table below. See Acquisitions footnote for a description of the addition to goodwill in the first quarter of 2020.

The Company performs its annual goodwill impairment testing in the fourth quarter each year and regularly assesses whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that an impairment may have occurred. During the first quarter of 2020, negative market reaction to the COVID-19 crisis, including declines in our common stock price, caused our market capitalization to decline significantly compared to the fourth quarter of 2019, causing a triggering event. Therefore, we performed an interim step one quantitative test for reporting units with goodwill, Americas Staffing and GTS, and determined that the estimated fair values of both reporting units no longer exceeded their carrying values. Based on the result of our interim goodwill impairment test as of first quarter of 2020, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $147.7 million to write off goodwill for both reporting units. (See impairment adjustments in the table below.)

In performing the step one quantitative test and consistent with our prior practice, we determined the fair value of each reporting unit using the income approach, which is validated through reconciliation to observable market capitalization data. Under the income approach, estimated fair value is determined based on estimated future cash flows discounted by an estimated market participant weighted-average cost of capital, which reflects the overall level of inherent risk of the reporting unit being measured. Estimated future cash flows are based on our internal projection model and reflects management’s outlook for the reporting units. Assumptions and estimates about future cash flows and discount rates are complex and often subjective.

Our analysis used significant assumptions by segment, including: expected future revenue and expense growth rates, profit margins, cost of capital, discount rate and forecasted capital expenditures and working capital.
As of Year-End 2019Additions to GoodwillImpairment AdjustmentsAs of First Quarter-End 2020
(In millions of dollars)
Americas Staffing$58.5  $19.9  $(78.4) $—  
Global Talent Solutions69.3  —  (69.3) —  
Total$127.8  $19.9  $(147.7) $—  

19
 As of Year-End 2018 Additions to Goodwill As of First Quarter-End 2019
 (In millions of dollars)
Americas Staffing$44.8
 $13.7
 $58.5
Global Talent Solutions62.5
 6.8
 69.3
 $107.3
 $20.5
 $127.8
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)
9.10.  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component, net of tax, for the first quarter 20192020 and 20182019 are included in the table below. Amounts in parentheses indicate debits. See Investment in Persol Holdings footnote for a description of the cumulative-effect adjustment from the adoption of ASU 2016-01.

First Quarter
20202019
(In millions of dollars)
Foreign currency translation adjustments:
Beginning balance$(13.2) $(15.7) 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(7.4) (1.5) 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)—  —  
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)(7.4) (1.5) 
Ending balance(20.6) (17.2) 
Pension liability adjustments:
Beginning balance(2.6) (1.4) 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications—  —  
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)—  —  
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)—  —  
Ending balance(2.6) (1.4) 
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)$(23.2) $(18.6) 

 First Quarter
 2019 2018
 (In millions of dollars)
Foreign currency translation adjustments:   
Beginning balance$(15.7) $(6.9)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(1.5) 14.0
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)—
 —
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)(1.5) 14.0
Ending balance(17.2) 7.1
    
Unrealized gains and losses on investment:   
Beginning balance—
 140.0
Cumulative-effect adjustment from adoption of ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments—
 (140.0)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications—
 —
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)—
 —
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)—
 (140.0)
Ending balance—
 —
    
Pension liability adjustments:   
Beginning balance(1.4) (2.3)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications—
 —
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)—
 —
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)—
 —
Ending balance(1.4) (2.3)
    
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)$(18.6) $4.8

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

10.11.  Earnings Per Share
The reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share on common stock for the first quarter 20192020 and 20182019 follows (in millions of dollars except per share data):
First Quarter
First Quarter 20202019
2019 2018
Net earnings$22.1
 $29.1
Net earnings (loss)Net earnings (loss)$(153.2) $22.1  
Less: earnings allocated to participating securities(0.2) (0.4)Less: earnings allocated to participating securities—  (0.2) 
Net earnings available to common shareholders$21.9
 $28.7
Net earnings (loss) available to common shareholdersNet earnings (loss) available to common shareholders$(153.2) $21.9  
   
Average shares outstanding (millions):   Average shares outstanding (millions):
Basic39.0
 38.6
Basic39.2  39.0  
Dilutive share awards0.1
 0.3
Dilutive share awards—  0.1  
Diluted39.1
 38.9
Diluted39.2  39.1  
   
Basic earnings per share$0.56
 $0.74
Diluted earnings per share$0.56
 $0.74
Basic earnings (loss) per shareBasic earnings (loss) per share$(3.91) $0.56  
Diluted earnings (loss) per shareDiluted earnings (loss) per share$(3.91) $0.56  

Potentially dilutive shares outstanding are primarily related to performance shares for the first quarter 2019 and 2018.

2019. Dividends paid per share for Class A and Class B common stock were $0.075 for the first quarter 20192020 and 2018.2019.


20
11.
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)
12.  Stock-Based Compensation
For the first quarter of 2020, the Company recognized stock compensation expense of $1.2 million, and related tax expense of $0.2 million. For the first quarter of 2019, the Company recognized stock compensation expense of $3.2 million, and related tax benefit of $0.4 million. For
Performance Shares 
A summary of the status of all nonvested performance shares at target as of first quarter-end 2020 is presented as follows below (in thousands of shares except per share data). The majority of the vested shares below is related to the 2017 performance share grant, which cliff-vested after approval from the Compensation Committee during the first quarter of 2018, the Company recognized stock compensation expense of $2.5 million, and related tax benefit of $2.7 million.
Performance Shares
2019 Grant
During 2019, the Company granted performance awards associated with the Company’s Class A common stock to certain senior officers. The payment2020. There has been no grant of performance shares which will be satisfied with the issuance of shares out of treasury stock, is contingent upon the achievement of two financial goals at the end of a three-year performance period. These awards will cliff vest after the approval by the Compensation Committee, if not forfeited by the recipient. No dividends are paid on these performance shares.
since year-end 2019. The 2019 financial measure performance awards were granted with a market conditionvesting adjustment in the form of a relativetable below represents the 2017 Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”("TSR") modifier, which could impact the number of shares earned as determined at the end of the performance period. The number of shares earned based on financial measures’ results will be reduced, increased or remain the same based on the Company’s TSR relative to the S&P SmallCap 600 Index. The maximum number of performance shares that may be earned is 200% ofdid not vest because actual achievement was below the target shares originally grantedthreshold level and the TSR modifier will not increase payouts above the maximum.resulted in no payout.
The 2019 performance awards have an estimated fair value of $25.58 per share, which was determined using a Monte Carlo valuation model incorporating assumptions for inputs of expected stock price volatility, dividend yield and risk-free interest rate.
Financial Measure
Performance Shares		TSR
Performance Shares
SharesWeighted Average Grant Date Fair ValueSharesWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at year-end 2019502  $24.21  114  $25.24  
Granted—  —  —  —  
Vested(152) 24.07  —  —  
Forfeited(19) 25.07  (2) 31.38  
Vesting adjustment—  —  (62) 20.15  
Nonvested at first quarter-end 2020331  $23.00  50  $31.38  

2018 and 2017 GrantsGrant Update

For the 2018 and 2017 financial measure performance awards, the annual goals are set in February of each year, with the total award payout for 2018 grants based on a cumulative measure of the 2018, 2019 and 2020 goals and for 2017 grants based on a cumulative measure of the 2017, 2018 and 2019 goals. Accordingly, the Company remeasures the fair value of the 2018 and 2017 financial measure performance shares each reporting period until the third year goals are set, after which the grant date fair value will be fixed for the remaining performance period. As of first quarter-end 2019, the current fair value for the 2018
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

financial measure performance shares was $21.21 per share. During the first quarter 2019,2020, the final year of goals was set for the performance shares granted in 20172018 and the grant date fair value for the 20172018 financial measure performance shares was set at $23.76$17.35 per share. The grant date fair value per share will remain fixed for the remaining performance period.


Restricted Stock
A summary of the status of all nonvested performance shares at targetrestricted stock as of first quarter-end 20192020 is presented as follows below (in thousands of shares except per share data). The majority of the vested shares below isrestricted stock granted related to the 2016 performance share grant, which cliff-vested after approval from the Compensation Committee duringnew hires in the first quarter of 2019.2020.
SharesWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at year-end 2019360  $24.92  
Granted63  14.72  
Vested(102) 24.21  
Forfeited(11) 24.11  
Nonvested at first quarter-end 2020310  $23.09  

21
 Financial Measure
Performance Shares		 TSR
Performance Shares
 Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at year-end 2018481
 $23.58
 173
 $23.56
Granted250
 25.38
 —
 —
Vested(185) 28.17
 (55) 19.73
Forfeited—
 —
 —
 —
Nonvested at first quarter-end 2019546
 $24.22
 118
 $25.35
Restricted Stock
A summary of the status of nonvested restricted stock as of first quarter-end 2019 is presented as follows below (in thousands of shares except per share data).
 Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at year-end 2018356
 $23.44
Granted166
 24.73
Vested(95) 22.94
Forfeited(24) 23.67
Nonvested at first quarter-end 2019403
 $24.08

12.  Other Expense, Net
Included in other expense, net for the first quarter 2019 and 2018 are the following: 
 First Quarter
 2019 2018
 (In millions of dollars)
Interest income$0.2
 $0.2
Interest expense(1.1) (0.8)
Dividend income—
 —
Foreign exchange losses(0.6) (1.1)
Other0.4
 —
    
Other expense, net$(1.1) $(1.7)

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

13. Sale of Assets
13.
On March 20, 2020, the Company sold 3 of our 4 headquarters properties for a purchase price of $58.5 million as a part of a sale and leaseback transaction. The properties include the parcels of land, together with all rights and easements, in addition to all improvements located on the land, including buildings. The Company received cash proceeds of $55.5 million, which is net of transaction expenses. As of the date of the sale, the properties had a combined net carrying amount of $23.4 million. The resulting gain on the sale of the assets was $32.1 million which is recorded in gain on sale of assets in the consolidated statements of earnings. The Company leased back the headquarters buildings on the same date, see the Leases footnote for discussion of the sale and leaseback transaction.


14.  Other Income Taxes(Expense), Net
Income tax expense was $6.4 million (a 22.2% effective tax rate)Included in other income (expense), net for the first quarter of2020 and 2019 and $6.4 million (an 18.8% effective tax rate) forare the first quarter of 2018. The first quarter of 2018 tax expense includes favorable tax effects of stock compensation.following: 

 First Quarter
20202019
(In millions of dollars)
Interest income$0.3  $0.2  
Interest expense(0.9) (1.1) 
Dividend income—  —  
Foreign exchange gain (loss)2.4  (0.6) 
Other(0.1) 0.4  
Other income (expense), net$1.7  $(1.1) 
Our tax expense is affected by recurring items, such as the amount of pretax income and its mix by jurisdiction, U.S. work opportunity credits and the change in cash surrender value of non-taxable investments in life insurance policies. It is also affected by discrete items that may occur in any given period but are not consistent from period to period, such as tax law changes, changes in judgment regarding the realizability of deferred tax assets, the tax effects of stock compensation, and changes in the fair value of the Company’s investment in Persol Holdings, which are treated as discrete since they cannot be estimated.


The work opportunity credit program is a temporary provision in the U.S. tax law and expires for employees hired after 2019. While the program has routinely been extended, it is uncertain whether it will again be extended. In the event the program is not renewed, we will continue to receive credits for qualified employees hired prior to 2020.

15. Leases

The Company provides valuation allowances against deferred tax assets when ithas operating and financing leases for field offices and various equipment. Our leases have remaining lease terms of one year to 15 years. We determine if an arrangement is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.  Sustained profitability by our United Kingdom subsidiaries makes release of their $14.7 million valuation allowance possible in the near term, while recent losses by our Germany subsidiaries makes recording a valuation allowance against their $3.8 million of deferred tax assets possible in the near term.lease at inception.

14. Leases


At the beginning of the first quarter of 2019, we adopted ASC 842, Leases, using an optional transition method which allowed us to adopt the new lease standard at the adoption date, as compared to the beginning of the earliest period presented, and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the beginning balance of earnings invested in the business in the period of adoption. We elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which allowed us to carry forward our historical lease classification, our assessment on whether a contract is or contains a lease, and our initial direct costs for any leases that existed prior to adoption of the new standard. We also elected to combine lease and non-lease components, to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the consolidated balance sheet and recognize the associated lease payments in the consolidated statements of earnings on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The company has operating leases for field offices and various equipment. Our leases have remaining lease terms of one year to 10 years. We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception.

We recorded $74.1 million of right-of-use (“ROU”) assets within property and equipment,operating lease right-of-use assets, $19.8 million of current lease liabilities within accounts payable and accruedoperating lease liabilities, current and $54.3 million of non-currentnoncurrent lease liabilities within other long-termoperating lease liabilities, noncurrent in the consolidated balance sheet on the date of adoption. No adjustment to the beginning balance of earnings invested in the business was necessary as a result of adopting this standard.


During the first quarter 2020, the Company sold its main headquarters building and entered into a leaseback agreement, which is accounted for as an operating lease. As of first quarter-end 2020, we recognized $37.6 million of ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset forwithin operating lease right-of-use assets, $1.2 million of current lease liabilities within operating lease liabilities, current and $36.1 million of noncurrent lease liabilities within operating lease liabilities, noncurrent in the consolidated balance sheet, with a discount rate of 4.8% over a 15-year lease term related to this lease. The sale and lease liabilities represent ourleaseback obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assetsmatures as follows: $2.2 million in fiscal 2020, remaining; $3.3 million in fiscal 2021; $3.3 million in fiscal 2022; $3.4 million in fiscal 2023; $3.4 million in fiscal 2024; $3.4 million in fiscal 2025 and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Since most of the Company’s leases do not have an implicit borrowing rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Our leases may include options allowing us in our sole discretion to extend or terminate the lease, and when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise those options, we will include those periods in our lease term. Variable costs, such as payments for insurance and tax payments, are expensed when the obligation for those payments is incurred.$34.0 million thereafter.

22
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

16.  Contingencies

The components of lease expense were as follows (in millions of dollars):
 First Quarter
 2019
Operating lease cost$7.0
Short-term lease cost0.7
Variable lease cost1.8
Total lease cost$9.5

Supplemental consolidated balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in millions of dollars):
 First Quarter
 2019
Operating lease ROU assets$69.5
Operating lease current liabilities21.2
Operating lease non-current liabilities50.6

Other information related to leases was as follows (in millions of dollars):
 First Quarter
 2019
Operating cash flows from operating leases$6.9
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities1.3
Weighted average remaining lease term (years)4.1
Weighted average discount rate5.9%

Maturities of operating lease liabilities as of first quarter-end 2019 were as follows (in millions of dollars):
2019, remaining$19.2
202020.8
202116.4
202211.4
20236.1
20243.1
Thereafter3.7
Total future lease payments80.7
Less: Imputed interest8.9
Total$71.8

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Maturities of operating leases accounted for under ASC 840 as of year-end 2018 were as follows (in millions of dollars):
Fiscal year: 
2019$26.7
202020.4
202115.2
20229.8
20234.7
Later years4.9
  
Total$81.7


15.  Contingencies
The Company is continuously engaged in litigation, threatened litigation, claims, audits or investigations arising in the ordinary course of its business, such as matters alleging auto liability, employment discrimination, wage and hour violations, claims for indemnification or liability, or violations of privacy rights, or anti-competition regulations, commercial and contractual disputes, and tax related matters which could result in a material adverse outcome. There are matters that were stayed pending a decision from the United States Supreme Court in the matter of Epic Systems Corp. v. Lewis, regarding the enforceability of class action waivers in favor of arbitration. On May 21, 2018, the Court determined that class action waivers in employment contracts are enforceable. As a result of the ruling, the majority of courts have been enforcing our arbitration agreements and class action waivers, and staying class action matters pending the results of the individual arbitration proceedings.

We record accruals for loss contingencies when we believe it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and in accrued workers’ compensation and other claims in the consolidated balance sheet. At first quarter-end 20192020 and year-end 2018,2019, the gross accrual for litigation costs amounted to $11.6$2.9 million and $12.8$9.9 million, respectively.


The Company maintains insurance coverage which may cover certain claims. When claims exceed the applicable loss limitpolicy deductible and realization of recovery of the claim from existing insurance policies is deemed probable, the Company records receivables from the insurance company for the excess amount, which are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheet. At first quarter-end 20192020 and year-end 2018,2019, the related insurance recoveriesreceivables amounted to $4.6$0.3 million and $6.1$4.1 million, respectively.


The Company estimates the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses, in excess of amounts accrued, is $0.2$0.0 million to $2.3$2.4 million as of first quarter-end 2019.2020. This range includes matters where a liability has been accrued but it is reasonably possible that the ultimate loss may exceed the amount accrued and for matters where a loss is believed to be reasonably possible, but a liability has not been accrued. The aggregate range only represents matters in which we are currently able to estimate a range of loss and does not represent our maximum loss exposure. The estimated range is subject to significant judgment and a variety of assumptions and only based upon currently available information. For other matters, we are currently not able to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of loss.

While the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that the resolution of any such proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.


We are also currently engaged in litigation with a customer over a disputed accounts receivable balance for certain services rendered, which is recorded as a long-term receivable in other assets onin the consolidated balance sheet. While we believe the balance of approximately $10 million is collectible, there is a reasonably possible risk of an unfavorable outcome.


17. Income Taxes

Income tax benefit was $36.2 million for the first quarter of 2020 and income tax expense was $6.4 million for the first quarter of 2019. The first quarter of 2020 includes a tax benefit of $23.0 million on the impairment of goodwill and a tax benefit of $23.8 million for the loss on the Company's investment in Persol Holdings, compared with tax expense in the first quarter of 2019 of $4.1 million from a gain on this investment. The first quarter of 2020 benefit was partially offset by losses on tax exempt investments in life insurance policies and income from the sale of assets discussed in the Sale of Assets footnote.

Our tax expense is affected by recurring items, such as the amount of pretax income and its mix by jurisdiction, U.S. work opportunity credits and the change in cash surrender value of tax exempt investments in life insurance policies. It is also affected by discrete items that may occur in any given period but are not consistent from period to period, such as tax law changes, changes in judgment regarding the realizability of deferred tax assets, the tax effects of stock compensation, and changes in the fair value of the Company’s investment in Persol Holdings, which are treated as discrete since they cannot be estimated. The first quarter of 2020 impairment of goodwill was treated as discrete.

The work opportunity credit program is a temporary provision in the U.S. tax law and expires for employees hired after 2020. While the program has routinely been extended, it is uncertain whether it will again be extended. In the event the program is not renewed, we will continue to receive credits for qualified employees hired prior to 2021. The impact of the current economic slow-down resulting from the COVID-19 crisis did not begin until March 2020. At the end of the first quarter, the impact of the pandemic did not change our judgement on the realizability of deferred tax assets or our plans to repatriate cash from foreign subsidiaries.

23
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

16.18.  Segment Disclosures 
The Company’s segments are based on the organizational structure for which financial results are regularly evaluated by the Company’s chief operating decision-maker (the("CODM", the Company’s CEO) to determine resource allocation and assess performance. The Company’s three3 reportable segments, (1) Americas Staffing, (2) GTS and (3) International Staffing, reflect how the Company delivers services to customers and how its business is organized internally. Intersegment revenue represents revenue earned between the reportable segments and is eliminated from total segment revenue from services.
Americas Staffing represents the Company’s branch-delivered staffing business in the U.S., Canada, Puerto Rico, Mexico and Brazil. International Staffing represents the EMEA region branch-delivered staffing business. Americas Staffing and International Staffing both deliver temporary staffing, as well as direct-hire placement services, in office-clerical, light industrial, and professional and professional/technical specialties within their geographic regions. Americas Staffing also includes educational staffing in the U.S.
GTS combines the delivery structure of the Company’s outsourcing and consulting group and centrally delivered staffing business. It reflects the trend of customers towards the adoption of holistic talent solutions which combine contingent labor, full-time hiring and outsourced services. GTS includes centrally delivered staffing, RPO, CWO, BPO, PPO, KellyConnect, career transition/outplacement services and talent advisory services.
Corporate expenses that directly support the operating units have been allocated to Americas Staffing, GTS and International Staffing based on work effort, volume or, in the absence of a readily available measurement process, proportionately based on gross profit realized. Unallocated corporate expenses include those related to incentive compensation, law and risk management, certain finance and accounting functions, executive management, corporate campus facilities, IT production support, certain legal costs and expenses related to corporate initiatives that do not directly benefit a specific operating segment. Consistent with the information provided to and evaluated by the CODM, the goodwill impairment charge in the first quarter of 2020 is included in Corporate expenses.
The following tables present information about the reported revenue from services and gross profit of the Company by segment, along with a reconciliation to consolidated earnings (loss) before taxes and equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate, for the first quarter 20192020 and 2018.2019. Asset information by reportable segment is not presented, since the Company does not produce such information internally nor does it use such data to manage its business.

 First Quarter
 20202019
 (In millions of dollars)
Revenue from Services:
Americas Staffing$533.4  $626.5  
Global Talent Solutions503.2  501.0  
International Staffing227.6  258.9  
Less: Intersegment revenue(3.1) (3.8) 
Consolidated Total$1,261.1  $1,382.6  


 First Quarter
 2019 2018
 (In millions of dollars)
Revenue from Services:   
    
Americas Staffing$626.5
 $604.3
Global Talent Solutions501.0
 485.8
International Staffing258.9
 284.7
    
Less: Intersegment revenue(3.8) (4.9)
    
Consolidated Total$1,382.6
 $1,369.9
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 First Quarter
 20202019
 (In millions of dollars)
Earnings (loss) from Operations:
Americas Staffing gross profit$93.6  $117.2  
Americas Staffing SG&A expenses(93.5) (101.2) 
Americas Staffing Earnings from Operations0.1  16.0  
Global Talent Solutions gross profit100.2  100.4  
Global Talent Solutions SG&A expenses(73.7) (74.7) 
Global Talent Solutions Earnings from Operations26.5  25.7  
International Staffing gross profit29.9  34.6  
International Staffing SG&A expenses(29.3) (31.3) 
International Staffing Earnings from Operations0.6  3.3  
Less: Intersegment gross profit(0.4) (0.6) 
Less: Intersegment SG&A expenses0.4  0.6  
Net Intersegment Activity—  —  
Corporate(139.0) (28.2) 
Consolidated Total(111.8) 16.8  
Gain (loss) on investment in Persol Holdings(77.8) 13.2  
Other income (expense), net1.7  (1.1) 
Earnings (loss) before taxes and equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate$(187.9) $28.9  

 First Quarter
 2019 2018
 (In millions of dollars)
Earnings from Operations:   
    
Americas Staffing gross profit$117.2
 $108.0
Americas Staffing SG&A expenses(101.2) (91.9)
Americas Staffing Earnings from Operations16.0
 16.1
    
Global Talent Solutions gross profit100.4
 91.8
Global Talent Solutions SG&A expenses(74.7) (75.8)
Global Talent Solutions Earnings from Operations25.7
 16.0
    
International Staffing gross profit34.6
 39.1
International Staffing SG&A expenses(31.3) (34.1)
International Staffing Earnings from Operations3.3
 5.0
    
Less: Intersegment gross profit(0.6) (0.7)
Less: Intersegment SG&A expenses0.6
 0.7
Net Intersegment Activity—
 —
    
Corporate(28.2) (25.1)
Consolidated Total16.8
 12.0
Gain on investment in Persol Holdings13.2
 23.7
Other expense, net(1.1) (1.7)
    
Earnings before taxes and equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate$28.9
 $34.0

17. 19. New Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted

In June 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2018-07 simplifying the accounting for nonemployee share-based payment awards by expanding the scope of ASC Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation, to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. Under the new standard, most of the guidance on stock compensation payments to nonemployees would be aligned with the requirements for share-based payments granted to employees. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04 simplifying the accounting for goodwill impairment for all entities. The new guidance eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill (Step 2 of the current two-step goodwill impairment test under ASC 350). Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value (Step 1 of the current two-step goodwill impairment test). The ASU is effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for annual and interim goodwill impairment testing dates after January 1, 2017. We elected to early adopt ASU-2017-04 as of year-end 2018 and the adoption of this ASU did not have an impact on our goodwill impairment testing process or our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 amending the existing accounting standards for lease accounting and requiring lessees to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for all leases with lease terms of more than 12 months, including
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)

those classified as operating leases. Both the asset and liability will initially be measured at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, with the asset being subject to adjustments such as initial direct costs. Consistent with current U.S. GAAP, the presentation of expenses and cash flows will depend primarily on the classification of the lease as either a finance or an operating lease. The new standard also requires additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures regarding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases in order to provide additional information about the nature of an organization’s leasing activities. An additional optional transition method to adopt the new lease standard at the adoption date, as compared to the beginning of the earliest period presented, and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the beginning balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption is allowed. We adopted this guidance with the optional transition method effective December 31, 2018. See Leases footnote for the impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Not Yet Adopted


In August 2018, the FASB issued ASUAccounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-15, which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim reporting periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. Entities have the option to apply the guidance prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption or retrospectively. We are currently evaluatingadopted this guidance prospectively effective December 30, 2019. In accordance with the impact of the new guidancestandard, we present capitalized implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract as other assets on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2018,balance sheet. This presentation is consistent with the FASB issued ASU 2018-13 which eliminates, adds and modifies certain fair value measurement disclosures. The ASU is effectivepresentation of the prepayment of fees for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim reporting periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect the adoptionhosting arrangement. During the first quarter of this standard to have2020, we recognized $0.1 million of amortization expense for capitalized implementation costs incurred in hosting arrangements as a material impact tocomponent of SG&A expenses in our consolidated financial statements.statements of earnings. During the first quarter of 2020, we recognized $0.9 million of payments for capitalized implementation costs in the same manner as payments made for fees associated with the related hosting arrangements as a component of net cash from operating activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company's cloud computing arrangements are comprised of internal-use software platforms accounted for as service contracts. The Company does not have the ability to take possession of the software without significant penalty nor can the Company run the software on its own hardware or contract with another party unrelated to the vendor to host the software.

25
KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(UNAUDITED)
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 (ASC Topic 326), as clarified in ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-11 and ASU 2018-19, amending how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The guidance requires the application of a current expected credit loss model, which is a new impairment model based on expected losses. Under this model, an entity recognizes an allowance for expected credit losses based on historical experience, current conditions and forecasted information rather than the current methodology of delaying recognition of credit losses until it is probable a loss has been incurred. The standard also requires additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures regarding credit risk inherent in a reporting entity's portfolio, how management monitors this risk, management's estimate of expected credit losses, and the changes in the estimate that has taken place during the period. This ASU is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. We adopted this ASU using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance-sheet credit exposures, as applicable. Results for reporting periods beginning after December 30, 2019 are presented under ASC 326 while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable GAAP. We recorded a decrease to retained earnings of $0.7 million, net of tax, in the first quarter 2020 for the cumulative effect of adopting ASC 326. Related disclosures have been updated throughout the financial statements and footnotes.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13 which eliminates, adds and modifies certain fair value measurement disclosures. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim reporting periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements.

Not Yet Adopted

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01 which clarifies the interaction of rules for equity securities, the equity method of accounting, and forward contracts and purchase options on certain types of securities. The guidance clarifies how to account for the transition into and out of the equity method of accounting when considering observable transactions under the measurement alternative. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim reporting periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. This

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU applies2019-12 simplifying various aspects related to trade accounts receivablethe accounting for income taxes. The guidance removes exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and may have anthe recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim reporting periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on our calculation of the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable.consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Management has evaluated other recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe that any of these pronouncements will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

26


Item 2.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Executive Overview

Over the past several weeks, the impact of COVID-19 has resulted in dramatic shifts in most aspects of the economy and how professional and private lives are conducted. While the pace of change is unprecedented and the resulting impacts are still being determined, our Noble Purpose, “We connect people to work in ways that enrich their lives,” will continue to guide our strategy and actions. Kelly remains committed to being a leading talent solutions provider among the talent with whom we choose to specialize and in the markets in which we choose to compete. As we navigate the uncertainty over the next several quarters, we will continue to demonstrate our expected behaviors and actions:

•Employ a talent-first mentality

•Relentlessly deliver for customers

•Grow through discipline and focus

•Deliver efficiency and effectiveness in everything we do

By aligning ourselves with our Noble Purpose and executing against these behaviors, we intend to weather the current situation and emerge as a more agile and focused organization, prepared to achieve new levels of growth and profitability as we further develop our portfolio of businesses.

The Talent Solutions Industry


The laborLabor markets are in the midst of change due to automation, secular shifts in labor supply and demand and skills gaps.gaps and we expect the current economic situation to further accelerate that change. Global demographic trends are reshaping and redefining the way in which companies find and use talent. In response, the talent solutions industry is adjusting how it sources, recruits, trains and places talent.


Our industry is evolving to meet businesses’ growing demand for talent, whether delivered as a single individual or as part of a total workforce solution. Companies in our industry are using novel sourcing approaches—including gig platforms, independent contractors and other talent pools—to create workforce solutions that are flexible, responsive to the labor market and tailored to meet clients’ needs. Increasingly, clients are looking for talent advisors and partners to help them with program design, employer branding and differentiated sourcing strategies.


In addition, today’s companies are elevating their commitment to talent, with the growing realization that meeting the changing needs and requirements of talent is essential to remain competitive. The ways in which people view, find and conduct work are undergoing fundamental shifts. And as the demand for skilled talent continues to climb, workers’ changing ideas about the integration of work into life are becoming more important. In this increasingly talent-driven market, a diverse set of workers, empowered by technology, is seeking to take greater control over their career trajectories.


Our Business


Kelly Services is a recruiting, talent and global workforce solutions company serving customers of all sizes in a variety of industries. We offer innovative outsourcing and consulting services, as well as staffing on a temporary, temporary-to-hire and direct-hire basis. We provide commercial and professional/technical staffing through our branch networks in our Americas Staffing and International Staffing segments and, in APAC, we provide staffing solutions to customers through PersolKelly Asia Pacific,Pte. Ltd., our joint venture with Persol Holdings, a leading provider of HR solutions in Japan. For the U.S. education market, Kelly Educational Staffing (“KES”)Education is the leading provider of substitute teachers to more than 7,000 schools nationwide.


We also provide a suite of talent fulfillment and outcome-based solutions through our Global Talent Solutions (“GTS”) segment, which delivers integrated talent management solutions on a global basis. GTS provides CWO, RPO, BPO,Contingent Workforce Outsourcing ("CWO"), Recruitment Process Outsourcing ("RPO"), Business Process Outsourcing ("BPO"), Advisory and Talent Fulfillment solutions to help customers plan for, manage and execute their acquisition of contingent labor, full-time labor and free agents, and gain access to service providers and qualified talent quickly, at competitive rates, with minimized risk.


We earn revenues from customers that procure the services of our temporary employees on a time and materials basis, that use us to recruit permanent employees, and that rely on our talent advisory and outsourcing services. Our working capital requirements are primarily generated from temporary employee payroll and customer accounts receivable. The nature of our
27

business is such that trade accounts receivable are our most significant asset. Average days sales outstanding varies within and outside the U.S. but was 5859 days on a global basis as of the 20192020 first quarter end 55and 58 days as of the 20182019 year end and 57 days as of the 2018 first quarter end. Since receipts from customers generally lag temporary employee payroll, working capital requirements increase substantially in periods of growth.growth and decline in periods of economic contraction.


Our Strategic Intent and OutlookPerspective


Kelly is committed to being a leadingShort Term

Over the next several months we will have greater clarity on the impact of COVID-19 on the global economy, the talent solutions providerindustry, our customers and our talent. In April 2020, we took a series of proactive actions in response to the crisis. These actions were designed to reduce spending, minimize layoffs, and bolster the strength and flexibility of Kelly’s finances. These actions include:

•a 10% pay cut for full-time salaried employees in the U.S., Puerto Rico and Canada, in addition to certain actions in EMEA and APAC;
•substantially reduced CEO compensation and reduced compensation of 10% or more for senior leaders;
•temporary furloughing and/or redeployment of some employees until business conditions improve;
•suspension of the Company match to certain retirement accounts in the U.S. and Puerto Rico;
•reduction of discretionary expenses and projects, including capital expenditures; and
•a hiring freeze with the exception of critical revenue-generating positions.

Given the level of uncertainty surrounding the duration of the COVID-19 crisis, Kelly’s board also voted to suspend the quarterly dividend until conditions improve. To enhance financial flexibility, we have drawn down additional cash borrowings from Kelly’s existing credit facility subsequent to the 2020 first quarter end.

The impact of the pandemic on our first quarter results began in March 2020 with the limitations on public life in the U.S. and the European markets we serve. We do expect that there will be a material decline in our revenues during the period of time in which we choosestay-at-home orders and other limitations on activities are in place. The impact on the revenues of each segment will vary given the differences in pandemic-related measures enacted in each geography, the customer industries served and the skill sets of the talent provided to compete, which is the foundation of our strategy in 2019customers and beyond. This strategic intent is underpinned by our Noble Purpose, “We connect peopletheir ability to work remotely. We currently expect a gradual return to pre-crisis levels of customer demand over the next several quarters. While our cost reductions efforts are expected to reduce year-over-year expenses significantly in waysthe second quarter, they will not be enough to offset declines in revenue and gross profit. As a result, we expect our second quarter and full year earnings to decline year-over-year.

In addition, negative market reaction to the COVID-19 crisis in March 2020, including declines in our common stock price, caused our market capitalization to decline significantly.This triggered an interim goodwill impairment test and resulted in a $147.7 million non-cash goodwill impairment charge in the first quarter of 2020.

Moving Forward

While the severity of the economic impacts and the duration of these impacts cannot be precisely measured at this time, we do believe that enrich their lives,”the mid-term impacts on how people view, find and by our strategic pillars:

Leadership position via scale or specialty

Embracing the future ofconduct work

Being the destination for top talent

Investing in innovation and efficiency



By aligning ourselves will continue to align with our Noble Purposecurrent strategic path. We continue to pursue a specialized talent solutions strategy and executing against these strategic pillars, we expect to achieve new levels ofhave identified several specialty growth and efficiency as we develop further specializations across our product portfolio.

In 2018 we also became a more focused company.platforms for investment. We sold our healthcare and legal specialty operations, which allows us to place a greater focus on our commercial, education, engineering and science specialties. In education, we successfully integrated our 2017 acquisition of Teachers On Call (“TOC”). In engineering, we identified two companies that will immediately expandexpanded our engineering portfolio: onportfolio with the January 2, 2019 we acquiredacquisitions of Global Technology Associates, LLC (“GTA”) and NextGen Global Resources LLC (“NextGen”), leaders in the growing 5G telecomstelecommunications market.These position Kelly as one of the leading engineering workforce solutions companies in this fast-growing technology space. Both companies provide servicesmarket.On January 14, 2020, we acquired Insight Workforce Solutions LLC ("Insight"), an educational staffing company, to the largest carriers and OEMs in the telecommunications industry.

Other investments in 2018 includedexpand our ongoing commitment to embracing the future of work, as the Kelly Innovation Fund participated in the seed fundraising round for Kenzie Academy, a U.S. tech apprenticeship program that develops modern tech workers. To strengthen ourleadership position in the portion of the workforceU.S. education talent solutions industry. We intend to further accelerate our efforts to drive revenue and earnings growth through additional inorganic growth platforms, making smart acquisitions that participatealign with Kelly's focus on specialization as independent contractors, we made a minority equity investment in Business Talent Group (“BTG”), a U.S.-based marketplace that connects highly skilled independent talent to some of the world’s largest businesses.market conditions improve.


We also madecontinue to make investments in technology, during 2018, particularly thatthose which supportssupport greater efficiency in finding talent to answer customer needs. We are making substantial investments inaccelerating the implementation of our front and middle office platforms which, when fully deployed in mid-2020, will streamline the processes and workflows associated with recruiting, onboarding and reassigning workers. These investmentsThis investment will create the platform from which we canwill deploy additional operational improvements over the next several years that will enhance the experience of the hundreds of thousands of job seekers who interact and work with Kelly each year.


28

In the first quarter of 2019,2020, we completed oura review of our commercial staffing operations delivered by ourthe U.S. branch network of physical locations and reorganized our operations to improve geographic coverage and operational efficiency. The new structure will allow us to refine our focusreduced the number of branch locations utilized.In addition, we took similar actions on specialties within the commercial staffing portfolio, including light industrial, electronic assembly, office professionals and contact center staffing. branch locations in International Staffing.We recorded a $6.3$4.8 million restructuring charge as a result of theselease termination costs and fixed asset write-offs related to those actions.In addition, we took cost reduction actions in Americas Staffing, GTS, International Staffing and corporate support functions which resulted in $3.9 million of severance costs and eliminated 123 positions.We expect that the expense savings from the first quarter of 2020 actions will be approximately $20 million on an annual basis.


While faced with market conditions that may temporarily delay our efforts, Kelly continues to focus on accelerating the execution of our strategic plan and making the necessary investments and adjustments to advance that strategy. Our objective is to become an even more competitive,agile, consultative and profitable company, and we are reshaping our business to make that goal a reality. WeWhile the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in uncertainty in the economy and the labor markets that will affect our near term financial performance, we will measure our progress against both revenueusing financial measures, including:

•Revenue growth (both organic and grossinorganic);

•Gross profit growth, as well as earningsrate improvement; and conversion rate. We expect:


To grow higher-margin specialty•Conversion rate and outsourced solutions, creating a more balanced portfolio that yields benefits from improved mix;EBITDA margin.

To integrate our investments in specialty solutions with significant growth opportunities, such as our acquisitions of GTA and NextGen;

To deliver structural improvements in costs through investments in technology and process automation; and

Our conversion rate to continue to improve.





Financial Measures

The constant currency (“CC”) change amounts in the following tables refer to the year-over-year percentage changes resulting from translating 20192020 financial data into U.S. dollars using the same foreign currency exchange rates used to translate financial data for 2018.2019. We believe that CC measurements are a useful measure, indicating the actual trends of our operations without distortion due to currency fluctuations. We use CC results when analyzing the performance of our segments and measuring our results against those of our competitors. Additionally, substantially all of our foreign subsidiaries derive revenues and incur cost of services and selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses within a single country and currency which, as a result, provides a natural hedge against currency risks in connection with their normal business operations.
CC measures are non-GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) measures and are used to supplement measures in accordance with GAAP. Our non-GAAP measures may be calculated differently from those provided by other companies, limiting their usefulness for comparison purposes. Non-GAAP measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Reported and CC percentage changes in the following tables were computed based on actual amounts in thousands of dollars.
Return on sales (earnings from operations divided by revenue from services) and conversion rate (earnings from operations divided by gross profit) in the following tables are ratios used to measure the Company’s operating efficiency.
Days sales outstanding (“DSO”) represents the number of days that sales remain unpaid for the period being reported. DSO is calculated by dividing average net sales per day (based on a rolling three-month period) into trade accounts receivable, net of allowances at the period end. Although secondary supplier revenues are recorded on a net basis (net of secondary supplier expense), secondary supplier revenue is included in the daily sales calculation in order to properly reflect the gross revenue amounts billed to the customer.

29


Results of Operations
Total Company - First Quarter
(Dollars in millions)
 20202019ChangeCC
Change
Revenue from services$1,261.1  $1,382.6  (8.8) %(8.3) %  
Gross profit223.3  251.6  (11.3) (10.9) 
SG&A expenses excluding restructuring charges210.8  228.5  (7.7) (7.5) 
Restructuring charges8.7  6.3  38.1  38.5  
Total SG&A expenses219.5  234.8  (6.5) (6.3) 
Goodwill impairment charge147.7  —  NM  
Gain on sale of assets32.1  —  NM  
Earnings (loss) from operations(111.8) 16.8  NM  
Diluted earnings (loss) per share(3.91) 0.56  NM  
Permanent placement income (included in revenue from services)12.3  15.9  (22.9) (22.1) 
Gross profit rate17.7  %18.2  %(0.5) pts.
 2019 2018 Change 
CC
Change
Revenue from services$1,382.6
 $1,369.9
 0.9%     2.9%
Gross profit251.6
 238.2
 5.6
  7.4
SG&A expenses excluding restructuring charges228.5
 226.2
 1.0
  2.6
Restructuring charges6.3
 —
 NM
  NM
Total SG&A expenses234.8
 226.2
 3.8
  5.4
Earnings from operations16.8
 12.0
 40.0
   
Earnings from operations excluding restructuring charges23.1
 12.0
 92.5
   
Diluted earnings per share0.56
 0.74
 (24.3)   
         
Permanent placement income (included in revenue from services)15.9
 16.6
 (3.9)  0.1
Gross profit rate18.2% 17.4% 0.8
pts.  
Conversion rate6.7
 5.0
 1.7
   
Conversion rate excluding restructuring charges9.2
 5.0
 4.2
   
Return on sales1.2
 0.9
 0.3
   
Return on sales excluding restructuring charges1.7
 0.9
 0.8
   


Total Company revenue from services for the first quarter of 2019 was up 0.9%2020 declined 8.8% in comparison to the prior year and up 2.9%declined 8.3% on a CC basis, reflecting the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against several currencies, primarily the Euro.basis. As noted in the following discussions, revenue increaseddecreased in Americas Staffing and GTS,International Staffing, and decreasedincreased in International Staffing.GTS. The economic slow-down resulting from COVID-19 began in March 2020. The impact of the current unfavorable economic conditions on our results of operations for the first quarter of 2020 came primarily from lower demand during that period, resulting in a 2.7% decline in year-over-year revenues for the quarter. Revenue from services for the first quarter of 2020 includes the results of the Insight acquisition, which added approximately 110 basis points to the total revenue growth rate.

The gross profit rate increaseddecreased by 8050 basis points from the prior year. As noted in the following discussions, increases in the gross profit rate decreased in all operating segments, but primarily in the Americas Staffing and GTS were partially offset by a decrease in the International Staffing gross profit rate.segment.

Total SG&A expenses increased 3.8%decreased 6.5% on a reported basis (5.4%and 6.3% on a CC basis).basis. Included in total SG&A expenses forare restructuring charges of $8.7 million in the first quarter of 2020 related to actions taken to position the Company to adopt a new operating model later in 2020 and to align the U.S. branch network facilities footprint with a more technology-enabled service delivery methodology. Restructuring charges of $6.3 million in the first quarter of 2019 are restructuring charges of $6.3 million,represent severance costs primarily related primarily to the U.S. branch-based staffing operations.
During the first quarter of 2020, the negative reaction to the pandemic by the global equity markets also resulted in a decline in the Company's common stock price. This triggered an interim goodwill impairment test, resulting in a $147.7 million goodwill impairment charge in the first quarter of 2020.
Gain on sale of assets of $32.1 million represents the excess of the proceeds over the cost of the headquarters properties sold in the first quarter of 2020. The increasemain headquarters building was also duesubsequently leased back to SG&A expenses from the NextGen and GTA acquisitions.Company during the first quarter of 2020.
Diluted earningsloss per share for the first quarter of 20192020 was $0.56,$3.91, as compared to diluted earnings per share of $0.74$0.56 for the first quarter of 2018. Included2019. The 2020 first quarter diluted loss per share was impacted by a loss, net of tax, of approximately $1.38 per share related to the investment in Persol Holdings. The 2019 first quarter diluted earnings per share iswere impacted by a gain, net of tax, of approximately $0.23 per share related to the gain on the investment in Persol Holdings, net of tax and approximately $0.12 per share related to restructuring charges, net of tax. Included in 2018 first quarter diluted earnings per share is approximately $0.42 per share related to the gain on the investment in Persol Holdings, net of tax.Holdings.




30

Americas Staffing - First Quarter
(Dollars in millions)
2019 2018 Change 
CC
Change
 20202019ChangeCC
Change
Revenue from services$626.5
 $604.3
 3.7%     4.1%Revenue from services$533.4  $626.5  (14.9) %(14.6) %  
Gross profit117.2
 108.0
 8.5
 8.9
Gross profit93.6  117.2  (20.2) (20.0) 
SG&A expenses excluding restructuring charges94.9
 91.9
 3.2
 3.6
SG&A expenses excluding restructuring charges87.9  94.9  (7.4) (7.4) 
Restructuring charges6.3
 —
 NM
 NM
Restructuring charges5.6  6.3  (10.6) (10.6) 
Total SG&A expenses101.2
 91.9
 10.1
 10.5
Total SG&A expenses93.5  101.2  (7.6) (7.6) 
Earnings from operations16.0
 16.1
 (0.2)  Earnings from operations0.1  16.0  (99.5) 
Earnings from operations excluding restructuring charges22.3
 16.1
 39.1
  Earnings from operations excluding restructuring charges5.7  22.3  (74.4) 
       
Gross profit rate18.7% 17.9% 0.8
pts.  Gross profit rate17.5  %18.7  %(1.2) pts.
Conversion rate13.7
 14.9
 (1.2)  
Conversion rate excluding restructuring charges19.1
 14.9
 4.2
  
Return on sales2.6
 2.7
 (0.1)  
Return on sales excluding restructuring charges3.6
 2.7
 0.9
  


The change in Americas Staffing revenue from services reflects a 15% decrease in hours volume and a 3% decrease in average bill rates (a 2.4% decrease on a CC basis), partially offset by the impact of the January 20192020 acquisition of NextGen, combined with a 4% increase in average bill rates, partially offset by a 4%Insight. The decrease in hours volume.volume was primarily due to the disruption resulting from the restructure of the U.S. branch-based staffing in the first quarter of 2019 and slower achievement of the related benefits. Additionally, the decline reflects an approximately 5% decline in revenues in Americas Staffing from the more challenging market conditions resulting from COVID-19, primarily in education related to school closures, and in manufacturing from the temporary closure of customer facilities. The increasedecrease in average bill rates was the result of wage increasesrelated to customer mix in commercial, education and stronger revenue growth in our service lines with higher pay rates.engineering products. Americas Staffing represented 45%42% of total Company revenue in the first quarter of 20192020 and 44%45% in the first quarter of 2018.2019.

From a product perspective, the increasechange in revenue reflects an increaselower volume in professional/technical,commercial, including light industrial and office services, as well as education, engineering (due primarily to the NextGen acquisition) and science products, combined with an increase in educational staffing. These increases were partially offset by decreases in our commercial office services volume.products.

The Americas Staffing gross profit rate increaseddecreased in comparison to the prior year. The gross profit rate was positivelynegatively impacted by the addition of NextGen, lowerhigher employee benefit costs, workers' compensation costs, payroll taxes and higherlower permanent placement income. Permanent placement income, which is included in revenue from services and has very low direct costs of services, has a disproportionate impact on gross profit rates.

Total SG&A expenses increased 10.1%decreased 7.6% from the prior year.year, due primarily to lower administrative salaries and performance-based compensation. Included in total SG&A expenses forare $5.6 million related to restructuring costs in the first quarter of 2019 are restructuring charges of2020 and $6.3 million representingin the first quarter of 2019. The restructuring costs in the first quarter of 2020 primarily represent facilities lease buy-out costs and severance costs primarily related to U.S. branch-based staffing operations. The remaining increaserestructuring costs in total SG&A expenses was primarily due to the addition of NextGen SG&A expenses during the first quarter of 2019.2019 primarily represent severance costs related to U.S. branch-based staffing operations.

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GTS - First Quarter
(Dollars in millions)
2019 2018 Change 
CC
Change
 20202019ChangeCC
Change
Revenue from services$501.0
 $485.8
 3.2%    3.6%Revenue from services$503.2  $501.0  0.4  %0.6  %  
Gross profit100.4
 91.8
 9.4
 10.3
Gross profit100.2  100.4  (0.2) 0.1  
SG&A expenses excluding restructuring chargesSG&A expenses excluding restructuring charges72.8  74.7  (2.5) (2.2) 
Restructuring chargesRestructuring charges0.9  —  NM  NM  
Total SG&A expenses74.7
 75.8
 (1.5) (0.5)Total SG&A expenses73.7  74.7  (1.3) (1.0) 
Earnings from operations25.7
 16.0
 60.7
  Earnings from operations26.5  25.7  2.9  
Earnings from operations excluding restructuring chargesEarnings from operations excluding restructuring charges27.4  25.7  6.4  
       
Gross profit rate20.0% 18.9% 1.1
pts.  
Gross profit rate19.9  %20.0  %(0.1) pts. 
Conversion rate25.7
 17.5
 8.2
  
Return on sales5.1
 3.3
 1.8
  


Revenue from services increased 3.2%0.4% compared to last year, due primarily to the increase in revenueyear. Increases from the GTA acquisition, combined with program expansionexpansions and new customer contracts in our BPO and KellyConnect products. These increasesproducts were partially offset theby lower demand from a number of customers in centrally delivered staffing.staffing and PPO products. The impact of COVID-19 on GTS revenues was not significant in the first quarter of 2020. Many of GTS' customers are in essential industries, were able to facilitate remote work or continued to maintain, rather than lay off, their talent including talent provided by the Company. GTS revenue represented 36%40% of total Company revenue in the first quarter of both 20192020 and 2018.36% in the first quarter of 2019.

The increasedecrease in the GTS gross profit rate was due to improvingan increase in employee-related costs, partially offset by our continued structural improvement in our product mix coupled with lower employee-related costs.mix.

Total SG&A expenses decreased 1.5%1.3% from the prior year, due to lower performance-based compensation, along with effective cost management, as we continue to align our resources and spending levels with volumes and gross profit in our products. Included in total SG&A expenses are $0.9 million related to restructuring charges, representing primarily employee separation costs.
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International Staffing - First Quarter
(Dollars in millions)
 20202019ChangeCC
Change
Revenue from services$227.6  $258.9  (12.1) %(10.7) %
Gross profit29.9  34.6  (13.4) (11.8) 
SG&A expenses excluding restructuring charges28.2  31.3  (9.7) (8.5) 
Restructuring charges1.1  —  NM  NM  
Total SG&A expenses29.3  31.3  (6.2) (5.0) 
Earnings from operations0.6  3.3  (81.7)  
Earnings from operations excluding restructuring charges1.7  3.3  (48.8) 
Gross profit rate13.2  %13.3  %(0.1) pts. 

In comparison to the prior year, International Staffing revenue from services decreased 12.1% on a reported basis and 10.7% on a CC basis. The decline was primarily due to a decrease in hours volume in France, Switzerland and Italy, market conditions, as well as the impact of COVID-19 disruption. These decreases were partially offset by an increaseincreased revenue in Russia, due to higher hours volume combined with higher average bill rates. Overall, the SG&A expenses related to the acquisitionimpact of GTA duringunfavorable market conditions as a result of COVID-19 was approximately 2% in the first quarter of 2019.


International Staffing - First Quarter
(Dollars in millions)
 2019 2018 Change 
CC
Change
Revenue from services$258.9
 $284.7
 (9.1)%     (1.5)%
Gross profit34.6
 39.1
 (11.6)  (4.2)
Total SG&A expenses31.3
 34.1
 (8.3)  (1.0)
Earnings from operations3.3
 5.0
 (33.9)   
         
Gross profit rate13.3% 13.7% (0.4)pts.  
Conversion rate9.5
 12.7
 (3.2)   
Return on sales1.3
 1.7
 (0.4)   

The change in International Staffing revenue from services reflects a 7% decrease in hours volume, combined with a 2% decrease in average bill rates (a 6% increase on a CC basis). The decrease in hours volume was mainly due to declines in Western Europe, and the decrease in average bill rates was due to the effect of currency exchange rates. The increase in average bill rates on a CC basis was due to lower hours volume in Portugal, a country with lower average bill rates.2020. International Staffing represented 19%18% of total Company revenue in the first quarter of 20192020 and 21%19% in the first quarter of 2018.2019.

The International Staffing gross profit rate decreased primarily due to unfavorable customer mix, andas well as lower permanent placement income.
The decreaseTotal SG&A expenses decreased 6.2% due to continued cost management focused on increased productivity in our branch network. Included in total SG&A expenses wasare $1.1 million of restructuring charges, which primarily duerelated to the effect of currency exchange rates.France staffing operations to reposition our operating model to pursue growth through specialized staffing business.



33



Financial Condition
Historically, we have financed our operations through cash generated by operating activities and access to credit markets. Our working capital requirements are primarily generated from temporary employee payroll and customer accounts receivable. Since receipts from customers generally lag payroll to temporary employees, working capital requirements increase substantially in periods of growth. Conversely, when economic activity slows, working capital requirements may substantially decrease. This may result in an increase in our operating cash flows; however, any such increase would not be sustainable in the event that an economic downturn continued for an extended period. The impact of the current economic slow-down resulting from the COVID-19 crisis did not begin until mid-March 2020 in the U.S. As a result, the impact of the current economic conditions on our financial condition and cash flows was limited in our financial results as of the end of the first quarter.

As highlighted in the consolidated statements of cash flows, our liquidity and available capital resources are impacted by four key components: cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, operating activities, investing activities and financing activities.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash totaled $35.8$53.5 million at the end of the first quarter of 20192020 and $40.1$31.0 million at year-end 2018.2019. As further described below, we generated $21.2$8.4 million of cash from operating activities, used $90.3generated $15.9 million of cash forfrom investing activities and generated $66.7used $4.6 million of cash fromfor financing activities.
Operating Activities
In the first three months of 2019,2020, we generated $21.2$8.4 million of net cash from operating activities, as compared to using $4.1generating $21.2 million in the first three months of 2018. Other than2019, due to recurring working capital changes, this change was primarily driven by a decrease in incentive-related payments.changes.
Trade accounts receivable totaled $1.3$1.2 billion at the end of the first quarter of 2019.2020. Global DSO was 59 days at the end of the first quarter of 2020 and 58 days at the end of the first quarter of 2019 and 57 days at the end of the first quarter of 2018.2019.
Our working capital position (total current assets less total current liabilities) was $426.8$523.0 million at the end of the first quarter of 2019, a decrease2020, an increase of $76.2$1.4 million from year-end 2018.2019. The current ratio (total current assets divided by total current liabilities) was 1.41.6 at the end of the first quarter of 20192020 and 1.6 at year-end 2018. Both ratios were impacted by our acquisitions described within investing activities.2019.
Investing Activities
In the first three months of 2019,2020, we used $90.3generated $15.9 million of cash forfrom investing activities, as compared to using $4.9$90.3 million in the first three months of 2018. The year-over-year increase2019. Included in cash from investing activities in the first three months of 2020 is $55.5 million of proceeds representing the cash received, net of transaction expenses, for the sale of three headquarters properties as a part of a sale and leaseback transaction, partially offset by $36.3 million of cash used for the acquisition of Insight in January 2020, net of the cash received. Included in cash used for investing activities was primarily due toin the first three months of 2019 is $50.8 million for the acquisition of NextGen in January 2019, net of the cash received, and $35.6 million for the acquisition of GTA in January 2019, net of the cash received.
Financing Activities
In the first three months of 2019,2020, we generated $66.7used $4.6 million of cash fromfor financing activities, as compared to generating $14.1$66.7 million in the first three months of 2018.2019. The change in cash used in financing activities was primarily related to short-term borrowing activities to fund our acquisition activities. Debt totaled $74.2$1.7 million at the end of the first quarter of 20192020 and was $2.2$1.9 million at year-end 2018.2019. Debt-to-total capital (total debt reported onin the consolidated balance sheet divided by total debt plus stockholders’ equity) is a common ratio to measure the relative capital structure and leverage of the Company. Our ratio of debt-to-total capital was 5.9%0.2% at the end of the first quarter of 20192020 and 0.2%0.1% at year-end 2018.2019.
The change in short-term borrowings in the first three months of 2020 was primarily due to payments on local lines of credit. The change in short-term borrowings in the first three months of 2019 was primarily due to borrowings on our securitization facility. The change in short-term borrowings in the first three months of 2018 was primarily due to borrowings on our revolving credit facility.
We made dividend payments of $3.0 million in the first three months of 20192020 and $2.9 million in the first three months of 2018.2019.

34


New Accounting Pronouncements
See New Accounting Pronouncements footnote in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a description of new accounting pronouncements.
Critical Accounting Estimates
For a discussion of our critical accounting estimates, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2019 Form 10-K. For a discussion of the goodwill impairment charge recognized during the first quarter of 2020, see the Goodwill footnote in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
There areDuring the first quarter of 2020, there were no materialsignificant changes to our contractual obligations and commercial commitments from those disclosed in the section “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our obligations2019 Form 10-K, other than the sale and commitments to make futureleaseback of the main headquarters building. Details of the lease payments from those includedby year are disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report onLeases footnote in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K filed February 14, 2019.10-Q filing. We have no material unrecorded commitments, losses, contingencies or guarantees associated with any related parties or unconsolidated entities.

Liquidity
We expect to meet our ongoing short-term and long-term cash requirements principally through cash generated from operations, available cash and equivalents, securitization of customer receivables and committed unused credit facilities. During 2020, cash generated from operations will be supplemented by recent enactment of laws providing COVID-19 relief, most notably the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act which allows for the deferral of payments of the Company's U.S. social security taxes. We are reviewing our real estate portfolio in the U.S. and other potential sources of liquidity, such as the CICE wage subsidy receivable in France,receivables outside the U.S., in an effort to potentially monetize such sources. Additional funding sources could include public or private bonds, asset-based lending or additional bank facilities, issuance of equity or other sources.facilities.
We utilize intercompany loans, dividends, capital contributions and redemptions to effectively manage our cash on a global basis. We periodically review our foreign subsidiaries’ cash balances and projected cash needs. As part of those reviews, we may identify cash that we feel should be repatriated to optimize the Company’s overall capital structure. As of the 20192020 first quarter end, these reviews have not resulted in any specific plans to repatriate a majority of our international cash balances. We expect much of our international cash will be needed to fund working capital growth in our local operations. The majority of our international cash is concentrated in a cash pooling arrangement (the “Cash Pool”) and is available to fund general corporate needs internationally. The Cash Pool is a set of cash accounts maintained with a single bank that must, as a whole, maintain at least a zero balance; individual accounts may be positive or negative. This allows countries with excess cash to invest and countries with cash needs to utilize the excess cash.
As of the end of the first quarter of 2020, we had $200.0 million of available capacity on our $200.0 million revolving credit facility and $96.8 million of available capacity on our $150.0 million securitization facility. The securitization facility carried no short-term borrowings and $53.2 million of standby letters of credit related to workers’ compensation. Together, the revolving credit and securitization facilities provide the Company with committed funding capacity that may be used for general corporate purposes subject to financial covenants and restrictions. While we believe these facilities will cover our working capital needs over the short term, if economic conditions or operating results change significantly from our current expectations, we may need to seek additional sources of funds. As of the end of the first quarter of 2020, we met the debt covenants related to our revolving credit facility and securitization facility.
We managehave historically managed our cash and debt very closely to optimize our capital structure. As our cash balances build, we tend to pay down debt as appropriate. Conversely, when working capital needs grow, we tend to use corporate cash and cash available in the Cash Pool first, and then access our borrowing facilities.
As Given the level of uncertainty surrounding the duration of the endCOVID-19 crisis and to enhance financial flexibility, we may maintain a higher level of the first quarter of 2019, we had $150.0 million of available capacity oncash than our $150.0 million revolving credit facility and $75.7 million of available capacity onprior practice, including additional borrowings from our $200.0 million securitization facility. The securitization facility carried $71.6 million of short-term borrowings and $52.7 million of standby letters of credit related to workers’ compensation. Together, theexisting revolving credit and securitization facilities provide the Company with committed funding capacity that may be used for general corporate purposes.facilities. While we believe these facilities will covermay adjust our working capital needs overpractices in the short term, if economic conditions or operating results change significantly,future, as of May 4, 2020, we may needhave borrowed $70 million under the securitization facility to seek additional sources of funds. As of the end of the first quarter of 2019, we met the debt covenants related tobuild on our revolving credit facility and securitization facility.existing cash balance as disclosed at March 29, 2020.

We monitor the credit ratings of our major banking partners on a regular basis and have regular discussions with them. Based on our reviews and communications, we believe the risk of one or more of our banks not being able to honor commitments is
35

insignificant. We also review the ratings and holdings of our money market funds and other investment vehicles regularly to ensure high credit quality and access to our invested cash.



Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements contained in this report are “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include statements which are predictive in nature, which depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, or which include words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” or variations or negatives thereof or by similar or comparable words or phrases. In addition, any statements concerning future financial performance (including future revenues, earnings or growth rates), ongoing business strategies or prospects, and possible future actions by us that may be provided by management, including oral statements or other written materials released to the public, are also forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and projections about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about our Company and economic and market factors in the countries in which we do business, among other things. These statements are not guarantees of future performance, and we have no specific intention to update these statements.
Actual events and results may differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in forward-looking statements due to a number of factors. The principal important risk factors that could cause our actual performance and future events and actions to differ materially from such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the recent novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, competitive market pressures including pricing and technology introductions and disruptions, changing market and economic conditions, our ability to achieve our business strategy, the risk of damage to our brand, the risk our intellectual property assets could be infringed upon or compromised, our ability to successfully develop new service offerings, our exposure to risks associated with services outside traditional staffing, including business process outsourcing and services connecting talent to independent work, our increasing dependency on third parties for the execution of critical functions, the risks associated with past and future acquisitions, exposure to risks associated with investments in equity affiliates including PersolKelly Asia Pacific,Pte. Ltd., material changes in demand from or loss of large corporate customers as well as changes in their buying practices, risks particular to doing business with the government or government contractors, risks associated with conducting business in foreign countries, including foreign currency fluctuations, the exposure to potential market and currency exchange risks relating to our investment in Persol Holdings, risks associated with violations of anti-corruption, trade protection and other laws and regulations, availability of qualified full-time employees, availability of temporary workers with appropriate skills required by customers, liabilities for employment-related claims and losses, including class action lawsuits and collective actions, risks arising from failure to preserve the privacy of information entrusted to us or to meet our obligations under global privacy laws, the risk of cyber attackscyberattacks or other breaches of network or information technology security, our ability to sustain critical business applications through our key data centers, our ability to effectively implement and manage our information technology projects, our ability to maintain adequate financial and management processes and controls, risk of potential impairment charges triggered by adverse industry developments or operational circumstances, unexpected changes in claim trends on workers’ compensation, unemployment, disability and medical benefit plans, the impact of changes in laws and regulations (including federal, state and international tax laws), competition law risks, the risk of additional tax or unclaimed property liabilities in excess of our estimates, our ability to realize value from our tax credit and net operating loss carryforwards, our ability to maintain specified financial covenants in our bank facilities to continue to access credit markets, and other risks, uncertainties and factors discussed in this report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Actual results may differ materially from any forward-looking statements contained herein, and we have no intention to update these statements. Certain risk factors are discussed more fully under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.


36

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
We are exposed to foreign currency risk primarily related to our foreign subsidiaries. Exchange rates impact the U.S. dollar value of our reported earnings, our investments in and held by subsidiaries, local currency denominated borrowings and intercompany transactions with and between subsidiaries. Our foreign subsidiaries primarily derive revenues and incur expenses within a single country and currency which, as a result, provide a natural hedge against currency risks in connection with normal business operations. Accordingly, changes in foreign currency rates vs. the U.S. dollar generally do not impact local cash flows. Intercompany transactions which create foreign currency risk include services, royalties, loans, contributions and distributions.
In addition, we are exposed to interest rate risks through our use of the multi-currency line of credit and other borrowings. A hypothetical fluctuation of 10% of market interest rates would not have had a material impact on 20192020 first quarter earnings.
We are exposed to market and currency risks on our investment in Persol Holdings, which may be material. The investment is stated at fair value and is marked to market through net earnings. Foreign currency fluctuations on this yen-denominated investment are reflected as a component of other comprehensive income (loss). See Fair Value Measurements footnote in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further discussion.


We are exposed to market risk as a result of our obligation to pay benefits under our nonqualified deferred compensation plan and our related investments in company-owned variable universal life insurance policies. The obligation to employees increases and decreases based on movements in the equity and debt markets. The investments in mutual funds, as part of the company-ownedCompany-owned variable universal life insurance policies, are designed to mitigate, but not eliminate, this risk with offsetting gains and losses.

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures.
Based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) are effective at a reasonable assurance level.
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.


PART II. OTHER INFORMATION 

Item 1.  Legal Proceedings.
The Company is continuously engaged in litigation, threatened ligation, claims, audits or investigations arising in the ordinary course of its business, such as matters alleging employment discrimination, wage and hour violations, claims for indemnification or liability, or violations of privacy rights, or anti-competition regulations, commercial and contractual disputes, and tax related matters which could result in a material adverse outcome. There are matters that were stayed pending a decision from the United States Supreme Court in the matter of Epic Systems Corp. v. Lewis, regarding the enforceability of class action waivers in favor of arbitration. On May 21, 2018, the Court determined that class action waivers in employment contracts are enforceable.  As a result of the ruling, most lower courts have been enforcing our arbitration agreements and class action waivers, and staying class actions matters pending the results of the individual arbitration proceedings.

We record accruals for loss contingencies when we believe it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and in accrued workers’ compensation and other claims in the consolidated balance sheet.

The Company maintains insurance coverage which may cover certain claims. When claims exceed the applicable loss limitpolicy deductible and realization of recovery of the claim from existing insurance policies is deemed probable, the Company records receivables from the insurance company for the excess amount, which are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheet.


While the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that the resolution of any such proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.


We are also currently engaged in litigation with a customer over a disputed accounts receivable balance for certain services rendered, which is recorded as a long-term receivable in other assets onin the consolidated balance sheet. While we believe the balance is collectible, there is a reasonably possible risk of an unfavorable outcome.


In January 2018, the Hungarian Competition Authority initiated proceedings against the Company, along with a local industry trade association and its members due to alleged infringement of national competition regulations. We are fully cooperating
37

with the investigation, and are supplying materials and information to comply with the Authority’s undertakings. The Company does not believe that resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s competitive position, results of operations, cash flows or financial position.


Item 1A.  Risk Factors.
There have been no material changesThe following risk factor is in addition to the Company’sCompany's risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of the Company’sCompany's Annual Report filed on the Form 10-K for year ended December 30, 2018.29, 2019.

We expect our business to be adversely impacted by the recent novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak.

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus and its subsequent spread across the globe has negatively impacted the level of economic activity and employment in the United States and other countries in which we operate. Because demand for staffing services is significantly affected by general economic conditions, we expect the downturn, which began in March 2020, as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak to have an adverse impact on the staffing industry. Additionally, we believe containment and mitigation measures taken to combat the spread of COVID-19, including travel bans, quarantines, shelter-in-place orders, and temporary shutdowns will negatively impact customer demand for staffing services and could impact the financial viability of third parties on which we rely to provide staffing services or manage critical business functions. Due to uncertainty regarding the sufficiency of these containment and mitigation measures and the duration of their implementation, coupled with the unknown timeline for development of COVID-19 treatments or vaccines, the extent or the duration of the impact on our business, financial condition, ability to meet financial covenants and restrictions in our debt facilities, and results of operations cannot be predicted with certainty, however, such impacts could be material.




Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
(a) Sales of Equity Securities Not Registered Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1933
None.
(c) Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities
During the first quarter of 2019,2020, we reacquired shares of our Class A common stock as follows:
Period 
Total Number
of Shares
(or Units)
Purchased
 
Average
Price Paid
per Share
(or Unit)
 
Total Number
of Shares (or
Units) Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
 
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares (or Units)
That May Yet Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs
(in millions of dollars)
December 31, 2018 through February 3, 2019 1,080
 $21.52
 —
 $—
         
February 4, 2019 through March 3, 2019 90,147
 24.66
 —
 $—
         
March 4, 2019 through March 31, 2019 694
 21.94
 —
 $—
         
Total 91,921
 $24.60
 —
  
Period
Total Number
of Shares
(or Units)
Purchased
Average
Price Paid
per Share
(or Unit)
Total Number
of Shares (or
Units) Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares (or Units)
That May Yet Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs
(in millions of dollars)
December 30, 2019 through February 2, 2020985  $22.23  —  $—  
February 3, 2020 through March 1, 202056,383  19.39  —  $—  
March 2, 2020 through March 29, 2020464  13.35  —  $—  
Total57,832  $19.39  —   
We may reacquire shares sold to cover employee tax withholdings due upon the vesting of restricted stock and performance shares held by employees. Accordingly, 91,92157,832 shares were reacquired in transactions during the quarter.


38

Item 3.  Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
Not applicable.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.

Item 5.  Other Information.
Not applicable.

Item 6.  Exhibits.
See Index to Exhibits required by Item 601, Regulation S-K, set forth on page 3940 of this filing.




39

INDEX TO EXHIBITS
REQUIRED BY ITEM 601,
REGULATION S-K

Exhibit No.Description
Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.
Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INSInline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

40

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
KELLY SERVICES, INC.
Date: May 9, 2019
/s/ Olivier G. Thirot
Olivier G. Thirot
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Date: May 9, 2019
/s/ Laura S. Lockhart
Laura S. Lockhart
Vice President, Corporate Controller
and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)


INDEX TO EXHIBITS
REQUIRED BY ITEM 601,
REGULATION S-K

Exhibit No.DescriptionKELLY SERVICES, INC.
3.2
Kelly Services, Inc. Amended and Restated Bylaws (Reference is made to Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 8-K/A filed with the Commission on April 17, 2019, which is incorporated herein by reference).
Date: May 7, 2020
31.1
Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.
/s/ Olivier G. Thirot
31.2
Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.Olivier G. Thirot
32.1
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
32.2
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INSXBRL Instance Document
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
(Principal Financial Officer)


Date: May 7, 2020
/s/ Laura S. Lockhart
Laura S. Lockhart
Vice President, Corporate Controller
and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

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