UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
Form 10-Q
ýQuarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the quarterly period ended March 31,September 30, 2022
OR
¨Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from               to
Commission File Number 1-7293
 _________________________________________
TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada95-2557091
(State of Incorporation)(IRS Employer Identification No.)
14201 Dallas Parkway
Dallas, TX 75254
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(469) 893-2200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading symbolName of each exchange on which registered
Common stock,$0.05 par valueTHCNew York Stock Exchange
6.875% Senior Notes due 2031THC31New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months.   Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company (each as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).
Large accelerated filerýAccelerated filer¨Non-accelerated filer¨
Smaller reporting company¨Emerging growth company¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).   Yes ¨ No ý
At April 22,October 21, 2022, there were 107,722,502108,123,186 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding.


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TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Dollars in Millions
(Unaudited)
March 31,December 31,September 30,December 31,
2022202120222021
ASSETSASSETSASSETS
Current assets:Current assets:Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents$1,405 $2,364 Cash and cash equivalents$1,208 $2,364 
Accounts receivableAccounts receivable2,916 2,770 Accounts receivable2,826 2,770 
Inventories of supplies, at costInventories of supplies, at cost391 384 Inventories of supplies, at cost394 384 
Income tax receivableIncome tax receivable— 
Assets held for sale19 — 
Other current assetsOther current assets1,397 1,557 Other current assets1,566 1,557 
Total current assets Total current assets 6,128 7,075 Total current assets 5,998 7,075 
Investments and other assetsInvestments and other assets3,385 3,254 Investments and other assets3,312 3,254 
Deferred income taxesDeferred income taxes65 Deferred income taxes55 65 
Property and equipment, at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization
($6,083 at March 31, 2022 and $5,960 at December 31, 2021)
6,296 6,427 
Property and equipment, at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization
($6,295 at September 30, 2022 and $5,960 at December 31, 2021)
Property and equipment, at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization
($6,295 at September 30, 2022 and $5,960 at December 31, 2021)
6,291 6,427 
GoodwillGoodwill9,352 9,261 Goodwill9,979 9,261 
Other intangible assets, at cost, less accumulated amortization
($1,330 at March 31, 2022 and $1,374 at December 31, 2021)
1,487 1,497 
Other intangible assets, at cost, less accumulated amortization
($1,422 at September 30, 2022 and $1,374 at December 31, 2021)
Other intangible assets, at cost, less accumulated amortization
($1,422 at September 30, 2022 and $1,374 at December 31, 2021)
1,441 1,497 
Total assets Total assets $26,650 $27,579 Total assets $27,076 $27,579 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITYLIABILITIES AND EQUITY  LIABILITIES AND EQUITY  
Current liabilities:Current liabilities:  Current liabilities:  
Current portion of long-term debtCurrent portion of long-term debt$132 $135 Current portion of long-term debt$131 $135 
Accounts payableAccounts payable1,114 1,300 Accounts payable1,240 1,300 
Accrued compensation and benefitsAccrued compensation and benefits813 896 Accrued compensation and benefits781 896 
Professional and general liability reservesProfessional and general liability reserves272 254 Professional and general liability reserves279 254 
Accrued interest payableAccrued interest payable255 203 Accrued interest payable249 203 
Contract liabilitiesContract liabilities776 959 Contract liabilities111 959 
Other current liabilitiesOther current liabilities1,306 1,362 Other current liabilities1,485 1,362 
Total current liabilities Total current liabilities 4,668 5,109 Total current liabilities 4,276 5,109 
Long-term debt, net of current portionLong-term debt, net of current portion14,719 15,511 Long-term debt, net of current portion14,962 15,511 
Professional and general liability reservesProfessional and general liability reserves803 791 Professional and general liability reserves804 791 
Defined benefit plan obligationsDefined benefit plan obligations414 421 Defined benefit plan obligations400 421 
Deferred income taxesDeferred income taxes36 36 Deferred income taxes235 36 
Contract liabilities – long-termContract liabilities – long-term14 15 Contract liabilities – long-term14 15 
Other long-term liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities1,582 1,439 Other long-term liabilities1,810 1,439 
Total liabilities Total liabilities 22,236 23,322 Total liabilities 22,501 23,322 
Commitments and contingenciesCommitments and contingencies00Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiariesRedeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiaries2,358 2,203 Redeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiaries2,068 2,203 
Equity:Equity:  Equity:  
Shareholders’ equity:Shareholders’ equity:  Shareholders’ equity:  
Common stock, $0.05 par value; authorized 262,500,000 shares; 156,019,148 shares
issued at March 31, 2022 and 155,520,691 shares issued at December 31, 2021
Common stock, $0.05 par value; authorized 262,500,000 shares; 156,276,317 shares
issued at September 30, 2022 and 155,520,691 shares issued at December 31, 2021
Common stock, $0.05 par value; authorized 262,500,000 shares; 156,276,317 shares
issued at September 30, 2022 and 155,520,691 shares issued at December 31, 2021
Additional paid-in capitalAdditional paid-in capital4,765 4,877 Additional paid-in capital4,771 4,877 
Accumulated other comprehensive lossAccumulated other comprehensive loss(233)(233)Accumulated other comprehensive loss(229)(233)
Accumulated deficitAccumulated deficit(1,074)(1,214)Accumulated deficit(905)(1,214)
Common stock in treasury, at cost, 48,331,319 shares at March 31, 2022 and
48,331,649 shares at December 31, 2021
(2,410)(2,410)
Common stock in treasury, at cost, 48,327,503 shares at September 30, 2022 and
48,331,649 shares at December 31, 2021
Common stock in treasury, at cost, 48,327,503 shares at September 30, 2022 and
48,331,649 shares at December 31, 2021
(2,410)(2,410)
Total shareholders’ equityTotal shareholders’ equity1,056 1,028 Total shareholders’ equity1,235 1,028 
Noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests 1,000 1,026 Noncontrolling interests 1,272 1,026 
Total equity Total equity 2,056 2,054 Total equity 2,507 2,054 
Total liabilities and equity Total liabilities and equity $26,650 $27,579 Total liabilities and equity $27,076 $27,579 

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


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TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Dollars in Millions, Except Per-Share Amounts
(Unaudited) 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Net operating revenues Net operating revenues $4,745 $4,781 Net operating revenues $4,801 $4,894 $14,184 $14,629 
Grant incomeGrant income6 31 Grant income54 3 154 53 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliatesEquity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates46 42 Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates51 45 151 141 
Operating expenses:Operating expenses:Operating expenses:  
Salaries, wages and benefitsSalaries, wages and benefits2,182 2,201 Salaries, wages and benefits2,230 2,209 6,538 6,690 
SuppliesSupplies785 804 Supplies817 827 2,413 2,490 
Other operating expenses, netOther operating expenses, net942 1,072 Other operating expenses, net1,018 1,051 2,966 3,177 
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization203 224 Depreciation and amortization209 209 628 654 
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costsImpairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs16 20 Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs24 15 97 55 
Litigation and investigation costsLitigation and investigation costs20 13 Litigation and investigation costs12 29 50 64 
Net losses on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— 
Net gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilitiesNet gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— (412)— (427)
Operating incomeOperating income648 520 Operating income596 1,014 1,797 2,120 
Interest expenseInterest expense(227)(240)Interest expense(222)(227)(671)(702)
Other non-operating income, netOther non-operating income, net— 10 Other non-operating income, net16 
Loss from early extinguishment of debtLoss from early extinguishment of debt(43)(23)Loss from early extinguishment of debt— (20)(109)(74)
Income from continuing operations, before income taxesIncome from continuing operations, before income taxes378 267 Income from continuing operations, before income taxes380 774 1,023 1,360 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense(99)(45)Income tax expense(112)(197)(297)(303)
Income from continuing operations, before discontinued operationsIncome from continuing operations, before discontinued operations279 222 Income from continuing operations, before discontinued operations268 577 726 1,057 
Discontinued operations:Discontinued operations:Discontinued operations:  
Income from operationsIncome from operations— Income from operations— — 
Income from discontinued operationsIncome from discontinued operations1  Income from discontinued operations 1 1  
Net incomeNet income280 222 Net income268 578 727 1,057 
Less: Net income available to noncontrolling interestsLess: Net income available to noncontrolling interests140 125 Less: Net income available to noncontrolling interests137 129 418 392 
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholdersNet income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders$140 $97 Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders$131 $449 $309 $665 
Amounts available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholdersAmounts available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholdersAmounts available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders  
Income from continuing operations, net of taxIncome from continuing operations, net of tax$139 $97 Income from continuing operations, net of tax$131 $448 $308 $665 
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxIncome from discontinued operations, net of tax— Income from discontinued operations, net of tax— — 
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholdersNet income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders$140 $97 Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders$131 $449 $309 $665 
Earnings per share available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders:Earnings per share available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders:Earnings per share available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders:  
BasicBasicBasic  
Continuing operationsContinuing operations$1.29 $0.91 Continuing operations$1.21 $4.18 $2.86 $6.23 
Discontinued operationsDiscontinued operations0.01 — Discontinued operations— 0.01 0.01 — 
$1.30 $0.91  $1.21 $4.19 $2.87 $6.23 
DilutedDilutedDiluted  
Continuing operationsContinuing operations$1.27 $0.90 Continuing operations$1.16 $4.12 $2.81 $6.13 
Discontinued operationsDiscontinued operations0.01 — Discontinued operations— 0.01 0.01 — 
$1.28 $0.90  $1.16 $4.13 $2.82 $6.13 
Weighted average shares and dilutive securities outstanding (in thousands):Weighted average shares and dilutive securities outstanding (in thousands):
Weighted average shares and dilutive securities outstanding
(in thousands):
  
BasicBasic107,483 106,309 Basic107,923 107,050 107,732 106,727 
DilutedDiluted112,020 108,065 Diluted109,888 108,761 112,288 108,465 

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Dollars in Millions
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Net incomeNet income$280 $222 Net income$268 $578 $727 $1,057 
Other comprehensive income:Other comprehensive income:Other comprehensive income:
Amortization of net actuarial loss included in other non-operating income, netAmortization of net actuarial loss included in other non-operating income, netAmortization of net actuarial loss included in other non-operating income, net
Unrealized losses on debt securities held as available-for-saleUnrealized losses on debt securities held as available-for-sale(2)— Unrealized losses on debt securities held as available-for-sale(1)— (4)— 
Foreign currency translation adjustmentsForeign currency translation adjustments
Other comprehensive income before income taxesOther comprehensive income before income taxes 3 Other comprehensive income before income taxes3 3 6 9 
Income tax expense related to items of other comprehensive incomeIncome tax expense related to items of other comprehensive income— (4)Income tax expense related to items of other comprehensive income(1)— (2)(2)
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax (1)
Total other comprehensive income, net of taxTotal other comprehensive income, net of tax2 3 4 7 
Comprehensive net incomeComprehensive net income280 221 Comprehensive net income270 581 731 1,064 
Less: Comprehensive income available to noncontrolling interestsLess: Comprehensive income available to noncontrolling interests140 125 Less: Comprehensive income available to noncontrolling interests137 129 418 392 
Comprehensive income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholdersComprehensive income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders$140 $96 Comprehensive income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders$133 $452 $313 $672 

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Dollars in Millions
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2022202120222021
Net incomeNet income$280 $222 Net income$727 $1,057 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization203 224 Depreciation and amortization628 654 
Deferred income tax expenseDeferred income tax expense63 24 Deferred income tax expense208 183 
Stock-based compensation expenseStock-based compensation expense16 14 Stock-based compensation expense47 43 
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costsImpairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs16 20 Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs97 55 
Litigation and investigation costsLitigation and investigation costs20 13 Litigation and investigation costs50 64 
Net losses on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— 
Net gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilitiesNet gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— (427)
Loss from early extinguishment of debtLoss from early extinguishment of debt43 23 Loss from early extinguishment of debt109 74 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of distributions receivedEquity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of distributions received21 28 Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of distributions received14 10 
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costsAmortization of debt discount and debt issuance costsAmortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs23 25 
Pre-tax income from discontinued operationsPre-tax income from discontinued operations(1)— Pre-tax income from discontinued operations(1)— 
Net gains from the sale of investments and long-lived assetsNet gains from the sale of investments and long-lived assets(115)(16)
Other items, netOther items, net(64)(7)Other items, net12 (7)
Changes in cash from operating assets and liabilities:Changes in cash from operating assets and liabilities:  Changes in cash from operating assets and liabilities:  
Accounts receivableAccounts receivable(151)(53)Accounts receivable(39)(202)
Inventories and other current assetsInventories and other current assets181 130 Inventories and other current assets89 (111)
Income taxesIncome taxes29 19 Income taxes(59)67 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, contract liabilities and other current liabilitiesAccounts payable, accrued expenses, contract liabilities and other current liabilities(360)(87)Accounts payable, accrued expenses, contract liabilities and other current liabilities(942)(149)
Other long-term liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities(21)Other long-term liabilities(28)
Payments for restructuring charges, acquisition-related costs, and litigation costs and
settlements
Payments for restructuring charges, acquisition-related costs, and litigation costs and
settlements
(56)(51)
Payments for restructuring charges, acquisition-related costs, and litigation costs and
settlements
(157)(116)
Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations, excluding income taxesNet cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations, excluding income taxes(1)(1)
Net cash provided by operating activitiesNet cash provided by operating activities228 534 Net cash provided by operating activities662 1,211 
Cash flows from investing activities:Cash flows from investing activities:  Cash flows from investing activities:  
Purchases of property and equipmentPurchases of property and equipment(155)(121)Purchases of property and equipment(472)(354)
Purchases of businesses or joint venture interests, net of cash acquiredPurchases of businesses or joint venture interests, net of cash acquired(40)(25)Purchases of businesses or joint venture interests, net of cash acquired(224)(64)
Proceeds from sales of facilities and other assetsProceeds from sales of facilities and other assets148 13 Proceeds from sales of facilities and other assets209 1,235 
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities, long-term investments and other assetsProceeds from sales of marketable securities, long-term investments and other assetsProceeds from sales of marketable securities, long-term investments and other assets61 18 
Purchases of marketable securities and equity investmentsPurchases of marketable securities and equity investments(19)(11)Purchases of marketable securities and equity investments(68)(23)
Other items, netOther items, net— (7)Other items, net(8)(10)
Net cash used in investing activities(60)(145)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activitiesNet cash provided by (used in) investing activities(502)802 
Cash flows from financing activities:Cash flows from financing activities:  Cash flows from financing activities:  
Repayments of borrowingsRepayments of borrowings(879)(541)Repayments of borrowings(2,786)(3,183)
Proceeds from borrowingsProceeds from borrowingsProceeds from borrowings2,020 1,413 
Debt issuance costsDebt issuance costs(3)— Debt issuance costs(24)(15)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interestsDistributions paid to noncontrolling interests(135)(119)Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests(432)(316)
Proceeds from sale of noncontrolling interests
Proceeds from the sale of noncontrolling interestsProceeds from the sale of noncontrolling interests16 14 
Purchases of noncontrolling interestsPurchases of noncontrolling interests(14)(2)Purchases of noncontrolling interests(61)(19)
Medicare advances and grants received by unconsolidated affiliates, net of recoupmentMedicare advances and grants received by unconsolidated affiliates, net of recoupment— 19 Medicare advances and grants received by unconsolidated affiliates, net of recoupment— (8)
Other items, netOther items, net(102)(61)Other items, net(49)(53)
Net cash used in financing activitiesNet cash used in financing activities(1,127)(694)Net cash used in financing activities(1,316)(2,167)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalentsNet decrease in cash and cash equivalents(959)(305)Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(1,156)(154)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of periodCash and cash equivalents at beginning of period2,364 2,446 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period2,364 2,446 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of periodCash and cash equivalents at end of period$1,405 $2,141 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$1,208 $2,292 
Supplemental disclosures:Supplemental disclosures:  Supplemental disclosures:  
Interest paid, net of capitalized interestInterest paid, net of capitalized interest$(166)$(190)Interest paid, net of capitalized interest$(601)$(664)
Income tax payments, netIncome tax payments, net$(8)$(2)Income tax payments, net$(148)$(54)
 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION 
Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
Tenet Healthcare Corporation (together with our subsidiaries, referred to herein as “Tenet,” “we” or “us”) is a diversified healthcare services company headquartered in Dallas, Texas. Our care delivery network includes our subsidiary USPI Holding Company, Inc. (“USPI”), which operated or had indirect ownership interests in over 400approximately 440 ambulatory surgery centers and 24 surgical hospitals at March 31,September 30, 2022. We hold noncontrolling interests in 167164 of these facilities, which are recorded using the equity method of accounting. At March 31, 2022, we held an ownership interest in USPI of approximately 95%. We also operated 6061 acute care and specialty hospitals, overapproximately 110 other outpatient facilities, a network of employed physicians and a Global Business Center (“GBC”) in Manila, Philippines at March 31,September 30, 2022. In addition, we operate Conifer Health Solutions, LLC, in which we own an interest of approximately 76%, through our Conifer Holdings, Inc. subsidiary (“Conifer”). We owned an

Effective June 30, 2022, we purchased all of the shares previously held by Baylor University Medical Center (“Baylor”) in USPI for $406 million, which increased our ownership interest of approximately 76% in Conifer Health Solutions, LLC at March 31, 2022.USPI’s voting shares from 95% to 100%. See Note 13 for additional information about this transaction.

Our business consists of our Hospital Operations and other (“Hospital Operations”) segment, our Ambulatory Care segment and our Conifer segment. Our Hospital Operations segment is comprised of our acute care and specialty hospitals, imaging centers, ancillary outpatient facilities, micro‑hospitals and physician practices. Our Ambulatory Care segment is comprised of the operations of USPI, which holds indirect ownership interests in and manages ambulatory surgery centers and surgical hospitals. Our Conifer segment provides revenue cycle management and value-based care services to hospitals, health systems, physician practices, employers and other clients.

This quarterly report supplements our Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2021 (“Annual Report”). As permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission for interim reporting, we have omitted certain notes and disclosures that substantially duplicate those in our Annual Report. For further information, refer to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes included in our Annual Report. Unless otherwise indicated, all financial and statistical data included in these notes to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements relate to our continuing operations, with dollar amounts expressed in millions (except per‑share amounts).

Effective January 1, 2022, we adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-06, “Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASU 2020-06”) using the modified retrospective method. Among other amendments, ASU 2020-06 changed the accounting for diluted earnings‑per‑share for convertible instruments and contracts that may be settled in cash or stock. ASU 2020-06 eliminated an entity’s ability to rebut the presumption of share settlement for convertible instruments and contracts that can be partially or fully settled in cash at the issuer’s election. Additionally, ASU 2020-06 requires that the if‑converted method, which is more dilutive than the treasury stock method, be used for all convertible instruments. As a result of our adoption of ASU 2020-06, diluted weighted average shares outstanding increased by 3000000one million and four million shares, respectively, and diluted earnings per share available to Tenet common shareholders decreased $0.01 per shareby $0.04 and $0.02, respectively, for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022.

Although the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes within this document are unaudited, we believe all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included and are of a normal recurring nature. In preparing our financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and these accompanying notes. We regularly evaluate the accounting policies and estimates we use. In general, we base the estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable given the particular circumstances in which we operate. Actual results may vary from those estimates. FinancialThe financial and statistical information we report to other regulatory agencies may be prepared on a basis other than GAAP or using different assumptions or reporting periods and, therefore, may vary from the amounts presented herein. Although we make every effort to ensure that the information we report to those agencies is accurate, complete and consistent with applicable reporting guidelines, we cannot be responsible for the accuracy of the information they make available to the public.

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Operating results for the three‑three and nine‑month periodperiods ended March 31,September 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Reasons for this include, but are not limited to: the impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic on our operations, business, financial condition and cash flows; the impact of the demand for, and availability of, qualified medical personnel on compensation costs; the impact of cybersecurity incidents on our operations; overall revenue and cost trends, particularly the timing and magnitude of price changes; fluctuations in contractual allowances and cost report settlements and valuation allowances; managed care contract negotiations, settlements or terminations and payer consolidations; trends in patient accounts receivable collectability and associated implicit
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price concessions; fluctuations in interest rates; levels of malpractice insurance expense and settlement trends; impairment of long‑lived assets and goodwill; restructuring charges; losses, costs and insurance recoveries related to cybersecurity incidents, natural disasters and other weather‑related occurrences; litigation and investigation costs; acquisitions and dispositions of facilities and other assets; gains (losses) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities; income tax rates and deferred tax asset valuation allowance activity; changes in estimates of accruals for annual incentive compensation; the timing and amounts of stock option and restricted stock unit grants to employees and directors; gains (losses) from early extinguishment of debt; and changes in occupancy levels and patient volumes.

Factors that affect service mix, revenue mix, patient volumes and, thereby, the results of operations at our ambulatory surgery centers, hospitals and relatedother healthcare facilities include, but are not limited to: changes in federal, state and local healthcare and business regulations, including mandated closures and other operating restrictions; the business environment,changes in general economic conditions nationally and demographicsregionally, including inflation and the impacts of local communities in which we operate;the COVID-19 pandemic and other factors on business conditions, the economy and financial markets; the number of uninsured and underinsured individuals in local communities treated at our hospitals;facilities; disease hotspots and seasonal cycles of illness; climate and weather conditions; physician recruitment, satisfaction, retention and attrition; advances in technology and treatments that reduce length of stay;stay or permit procedures to be performed in an outpatient rather than inpatient setting; local healthcare competitors; utilization pressure by managed care organizations, as well as managed care contract negotiations or terminations; hospital performance data on quality measures and patient satisfaction, as well as standard charges for services; any unfavorable publicity about us, or our joint venture partners, that impacts our relationships with physicians and patients; and changing consumer behavior, including with respect to the timing of elective procedures. These considerations apply to year‑to‑year comparisons as well.

Certain prior-year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current‑year presentation. Due to their increased significance, net gains from the sale of investments and long-lived assets are presented separately in the operating activities section of the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. In prior periods, this activity was included in other items, net within the operating activities section.

COVID19 Pandemic
The COVID‑19 pandemic has impacted all 3three segments of our business, as well as our patients, communities and employees, in varying degrees since March 2020. Throughout this time, federal, state and local authorities have undertaken several actions designed to assist healthcare providers in providing care to COVID‑19 and other patients and to mitigate the adverse economic impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic. Among other things, federal legislation (collectively, the “COVID Acts”) authorized aggregate grant payments of $178 billion to be distributed through the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (“PRF”) to healthcare providers who experienced lost revenues and increased expenses as a result of the pandemic. The COVID Acts also revised the Medicare accelerated payment program (“MAPP”) and permitted employers to defer payroll Social Security tax payments in 2020. Our participation in these programs and the related accounting policies are summarized below.

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Grant Income–DuringAs detailed in the three months ended March 31, 2022,table below, we received cash payments of $5 million from the PRF, included in cash flows from operating activities. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we received cash payments of $31 million, included in cash flows from operating activities, and $28 million received by our unconsolidated affiliates, included in cash flows from financing activities, from the PRF and state and local grant programs. As a condition to receivingprograms during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. Grant funds received by our Hospital Operations segment and those facilities in our Ambulatory Care segment that we consolidate are included in cash flows from operating activities in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Grant funds received by unconsolidated affiliates for which we provide cash management services (“Cash‑Managed Affiliates”) are included in cash flows from financing activities.
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2022202120222021
Grant funds received from COVID-19 relief programs:
Included in cash flows from operating activities:
Hospital Operations$51 $$152 $29 
Ambulatory Care— — 
$51 $2 $155 $38 
Included in cash flows from financing activities:
Cash‑Managed Affiliates$— $— $— $27 

To receive distributions, providers must agree to certain terms and conditions, including, among other things, that the funds are being used for lost revenues and unreimbursed COVIDrelated costs as defined by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), and that the providers will not seek collection of outofpocket payments from a COVID19 patient that are greater than what the patient would have otherwise been required to pay if the care had been provided by an innetwork provider. All recipients of PRF payments are required to comply with the reporting requirements described in the terms and conditions and as determined by the Secretary of HHS. PRF funds not utilized by the established deadlines, generally 12 to 18 months after receipt of the grant funds, will be recouped by HHS.

The table below summarizes grant funds received by our Hospital Operations and Ambulatory Care segments and by our unconsolidated affiliates for which we provide cash management services during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, and their location in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20222021
Grant payments received from COVID-19 relief programs:
Included in cash flows from operating activities:
Hospital Operations$$22 
Ambulatory Care
$5 $31 
Included in cash flows from financing activities:
Unconsolidated affiliates for which we provide cash management services$— $28 

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We recognize grant payments as income when there is reasonable assurance that we have complied with the conditions associated with the grant. The estimates we use to recognize grant income could change materially in the future based on our operating performance or fluctuations in the severity of COVID‑19 outbreaks at individual locations, as well as the government’s grant compliance guidance. The table below summarizes grant Grant income recognized by our Hospital Operations and Ambulatory Care segments, which is presented in grant income, and grant income recognized through our unconsolidated affiliates, which is presented in equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, in each case in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The table below summarizes grant income recognized by our Hospital Operations and Ambulatory Care segments during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, as well as the grant income recognized by our unconsolidated affiliates during the same periods.
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Grant income recognized from COVID-19 relief programs:Grant income recognized from COVID-19 relief programs:Grant income recognized from COVID-19 relief programs:
Included in grant income:Included in grant income:Included in grant income:
Hospital OperationsHospital Operations$$24 Hospital Operations$54 $$150 $30 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory CareAmbulatory Care— 23 
$6 $31 $54 $3 $154 $53 
Included in equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates: Included in equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates: Included in equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates:
Unconsolidated affiliatesUnconsolidated affiliates$— $Unconsolidated affiliates$— $$— $12 

At March 31,both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had remaining deferred grant payment balances of $3 million and $5 million, respectively, which amounts were recorded in other current liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for those periods.

Medicare Accelerated Payment Program–Program (MAPP)–In certain circumstances, when a hospitalhealthcare facility is experiencing financial difficulty due to delays in receiving payment for the Medicare services it provided, it may be eligible for an accelerated or advance payment pursuant to the MAPP. The COVID Acts revised the MAPP to disburse payments to healthcare providers more quickly. Recipients mayquickly and to allow recipients to retain the acceleratedadvance payments for one year from the date of receipt before recoupment commences, which is effectuated by a 25% offsetcommenced through offsets of Medicare claims payments. Recipients were also permitted to repay the advance payments for 11 months, followed by a 50% offset for the succeeding six months. At the end of the 29‑month period, interest on the unrecouped balance will be assessed at 4.00% per annum. The initial 11‑month recoupment period began in April 2021.

any time. Our Hospital Operations and Ambulatory Care segments did not receive any additionalboth received advance payments from the MAPP following its expansion under the COVID Acts in the year ended December 31, 2020; however, no additional advances were received during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 or 2021. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, $194 million

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The table below summarizes MAPP advances received in prior periods bythat were repaid or recouped during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. Advances to our Hospital Operations segment and less than $1 million of advances receivedthose facilities in prior periods by our Ambulatory Care segment that we consolidate were recouped through a reduction of ourtheir respective Medicare claims payments. No advancespayments and, together with any repayments, are presented in cash flows from operating activities in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Advance payments to our Cash‑Managed Affiliates were recouped duringthrough a reduction of those affiliates’ Medicare claims payments and, together with any repayments, are presented in cash flows from financing activities.
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2022202120222021
MAPP advances repaid or recouped:
Included in cash flows from operating activities:
Hospital Operations$403 $161 $876 $302 
Ambulatory Care13 24 
$405 $174 $880 $326 
Included in cash flows from financing activities:
Cash‑Managed Affiliates$— $14 $— $26 

During the three months ended March 31, 2021.September 30, 2022, all of the remaining MAPP advances we received were fully repaid or recouped, which resulted in no outstanding liability at September 30, 2022. In the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, advances totaling $686 million and $880 million were included in contract liabilities at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.2021.

Deferral of Employment Tax Payments–The COVID Acts permitted employers to defer payment of the 6.2% employer Social Security tax beginning March 27, 2020 through December 31, 2020. Deferred tax amounts are required to be paid in equal amounts over two years, with payments due in December 2021 and December 2022. We paid the first half of the Social Security taxes we deferred in 2020 in December 2021. At both March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, deferred Social Security tax payments totaling $128 million were included in accrued compensation and benefits in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Leases
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we sold several medical office buildings held in our Hospital Operations segment for net cash proceeds of $147 million and concurrently entered into operating lease agreements to continue use of the facilities. We recognized a gain of $69 million from the sale of these buildings, presentedincluded in other operating expenses, net in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations, and we recognized right-of-use assets and lease-relatedoperating lease obligations of $109 million, related to the leases, in each case in the three months ended March 31, 2022.

7During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we recorded right‑of‑use assets related to non‑cancellable finance leases of $64 million and $81 million, respectively, and related to non‑cancellable operating leases of $296 million and $121 million, respectively.

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Cash and Cash Equivalents
We treat highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less as cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents were $1.405$1.208 billion and $2.364 billion at March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. At March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, our book overdrafts were $175$197 million and $226 million, respectively, which were classified as accounts payable. At March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, $176$145 million and $188 million, respectively, of total cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were intended for the operations of our insurance‑related subsidiaries.

Also at March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had $66$71 million and $95 million, respectively, of property and equipment purchases accrued for items received but not yet paid. Of these amounts, $53$59 million and $88 million, respectively, were included in accounts payable.

DuringIn June 2022, we acquired all of Baylor’s 5% voting ownership interest in USPI. We paid $11 million from cash on hand and recognized a liability of $377 million, the threepresent value of the liability on the acquisition date, for the remainder of the purchase price. We recorded reductions in redeemable noncontrolling interest of $365 million for the carrying value of Baylor’s ownership interest and $23 million to additional paid-in capital for the difference between the carrying value and present value of the purchase price for the shares on the acquisition date. This has been reflected as noncash financing activity in the
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accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, we recorded right‑of‑use assets relatedSeptember 30, 2022. Payments made subsequent to non‑cancellable finance leasesthe transaction’s close are reflected as cash activity within the financing section of $18 million and $11 million, respectively, and related to non‑cancellable operating leasesour condensed consolidated statement of $187 million and $46 million, respectively.cash flows. See Note 13 for additional information about this transaction.

Other Intangible Assets
The following tables provide information regarding other intangible assets, which were included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021: Sheets:
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Book ValueGross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Book Value
At March 31, 2022:
At September 30, 2022:At September 30, 2022:
Other intangible assets with finite useful lives:Other intangible assets with finite useful lives:Other intangible assets with finite useful lives:
Capitalized software costsCapitalized software costs$1,714 $(1,119)$595 Capitalized software costs$1,764 $(1,203)$561 
ContractsContracts295 (133)162 Contracts294 (141)153 
OtherOther96 (78)18 Other94 (78)16 
Total other intangible assets with finite livesTotal other intangible assets with finite lives2,105 (1,330)775 Total other intangible assets with finite lives2,152 (1,422)730 
Other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives:Other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives:Other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives:
Trade namesTrade names102 — 102 Trade names102 — 102 
ContractsContracts604 — 604 Contracts603 — 603 
OtherOther— Other— 
Total other intangible assets with indefinite livesTotal other intangible assets with indefinite lives712 — 712 Total other intangible assets with indefinite lives711 — 711 
Total other intangible assetsTotal other intangible assets$2,817 $(1,330)$1,487 Total other intangible assets$2,863 $(1,422)$1,441 
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Book Value
At December 31, 2021:
Other intangible assets with finite useful lives:
Capitalized software costs$1,770 $(1,165)$605 
Contracts295 (128)167 
Other95 (81)14 
Total other intangible assets with finite lives2,160 (1,374)786 
Other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives:
Trade names102 — 102 
Contracts602 — 602 
Other— 
Total other intangible assets with indefinite lives711 — 711 
Total other intangible assets$2,871 $(1,374)$1,497 

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Estimated future amortization of intangibles with finite useful lives at March 31,September 30, 2022 iswas as follows:
  Nine Months EndingYears EndingLater Years
December 31,
 Total20222023202420252026
Amortization of intangible assets$775 $119 $119 $116 $96 $76 $249 
  Three Months EndingYears EndingLater Years
December 31,
 Total20222023202420252026
Amortization of intangible assets$730 $47 $127 $124 $102 $82 $248 

We recognized amortization expense of $29$132 million and $47$139 million in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

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Other Current Assets
The principal components of other current assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows:
 September 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Prepaid expenses$358 $252 
Contract assets198 199 
Receivables from government programs434 627 
Guarantees138 104 
Non-patient receivables356 321 
Other82 54 
Total other current assets$1,566 $1,557 

Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates
We control 261300 of the facilities within our Ambulatory Care segment and, therefore, consolidate their results. We account for many of the facilities our Ambulatory Care segment operates (167holds ownership interests in (164 of 428464 at March 31,September 30, 2022), as well as additional companies in which our Hospital Operations segment holds ownership interests, under the equity method as investments in unconsolidated affiliates and report only our share of net income as equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. No grant income was recognized during the three and nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 by our unconsolidated affiliates. Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates included $6$1 million and $12 million of grant income for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021.September 30, 2021, respectively.

Summarized financial information for these equity method investees is included in the following table. For investments acquired during the reported periods, amounts below include 100% of the investee’s results beginning on the date of our acquisition of the investment.
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
20222021 2022202120222021
Net operating revenuesNet operating revenues$769 $634 Net operating revenues$788 $720 $2,351 $2,065 
Net incomeNet income$169 $165 Net income$192 $178 $554 $540 
Net income available to the investeesNet income available to the investees$98 $102 Net income available to the investees$109 $108 $316 $325 

NOTE 2. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
The principal components of accounts receivable are presented in the table below:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Patient accounts receivablePatient accounts receivable$2,761 $2,600 Patient accounts receivable$2,638 $2,600 
Estimated future recoveriesEstimated future recoveries139 137 Estimated future recoveries144 137 
Net cost reports and settlements receivable and valuation allowances16 33 
Net cost report settlements receivable and valuation allowancesNet cost report settlements receivable and valuation allowances44 33 
$2,916 $2,770  $2,826 $2,770 

We participate in various provider fee programs, which help reduce the amount of uncompensated care from indigent patients and those paying withcovered by Medicaid. The following table summarizes the amount and classification of assets and liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets related to California’s provider fee program:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Assets:Assets:Assets:
Other current assetsOther current assets$271 $370 Other current assets$287 $370 
Investments and other assetsInvestments and other assets$278 $213 Investments and other assets$301 $213 
Liabilities:Liabilities:Liabilities:
Other current liabilitiesOther current liabilities$123 $123 Other current liabilities$150 $123 
Other long-term liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities$52 $60 Other long-term liabilities$62 $60 

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The following table presents our estimated costs (based on selected operating expenses, which include salaries, wages and benefits, supplies and other operating expenses) of caring for our uninsured and charity patients.patients:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
20222021 2022202120222021
Estimated costs for:Estimated costs for:  Estimated costs for:    
Uninsured patientsUninsured patients$122 $168 Uninsured patients$131 $181 $389 $507 
Charity care patientsCharity care patients21 20 Charity care patients22 25 62 74 
TotalTotal$143 $188 Total$153 $206 $451 $581 
 
NOTE 3. CONTRACT BALANCES
Hospital Operations Segment
Amounts related to services provided to patients for which we have not billed and that do not meet the conditions of unconditional right to payment at the end of the reporting period are contract assets. For our Hospital Operations segment, our contract assets include services that we have provided to patients who are still receiving inpatient care in our facilities at the end of the reporting period. Our Hospital Operations segment’s contract assets were included in other current assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Approximately 91% of our Hospital Operations segment’s contract assets meet the conditions for unconditional right to payment and are reclassified to patient receivables within 90 days.

In certain circumstances, when a hospital is experiencing financial difficulty due to delays in receiving payment for the Medicare services it provided, it may be eligible for an accelerated or advance payment pursuant to the Medicare accelerated payment program. As discussed in Note 1, the COVID Acts revised the MAPP to disburse payments more quickly due to the pandemic. Ourour Hospital Operations segment received advance payments from the MAPP following its expansion under the COVID Acts during the year ended December 31,in 2020; however, no additional advances were received during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 andor 2021. All remaining MAPP advances received by our Hospital Operations segment were either repaid or recouped during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which resulted in no outstanding liability at September 30, 2022. The remaining advance payments at December 31, 2021 were recorded as contract liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.Sheets.

The opening and closing balances of contract assets and contract liabilities for our Hospital Operations segment were as follows:
Contract AssetsContract Liabilities – Current Advances from MedicareContract Liabilities – Long-Term Advances from MedicareContract AssetsContract Liabilities – Current Advances from MedicareContract Liabilities – Long-Term Advances from Medicare
December 31, 2021December 31, 2021$181 $876 $— December 31, 2021$181 $876 $— 
March 31, 2022169 682 — 
September 30, 2022September 30, 2022181 — — 
DecreaseDecrease$(12)$(194)$ Decrease$ $(876)$ 
December 31, 2020December 31, 2020$208 $510 $819 December 31, 2020$208 $510 $819 
March 31, 2021180 734 595 
September 30, 2021September 30, 2021190 1,031 — 
Increase (decrease)Increase (decrease)$(28)$224 $(224)Increase (decrease)$(18)$521 $(819)

During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 $194and 2021, $876 million and $302 million, respectively, of Medicare advance payments included in the opening contract liabilities balance for our Hospital Operations segment were either repaid or recouped through a reduction of our Medicare claims payments. No amounts were recouped during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

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Ambulatory Care Segment
Our Ambulatory Care segment also received advance payments from the expanded Medicare accelerated payment programMAPP during the year ended December 31, 2020; however, no additional advances were received during the threenine months ended MarchSeptember 30, 2022 or 2021. All remaining MAPP advances received by our Ambulatory Care segment were either repaid or recouped during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which resulted in no outstanding liability at September 30, 2022. The remaining advance payments at December 31, 2022 and 2021.2021 were recorded as contract liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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The opening and closing balances of contract liabilities for our Ambulatory Care segment were as follows:
Contract Liabilities – Current Advances from MedicareContract Liabilities – Long-Term Advances from MedicareContract Liabilities – Current Advances from MedicareContract Liabilities – Long-Term Advances from Medicare
December 31, 2021December 31, 2021$$— December 31, 2021$$— 
March 31, 2022— 
Increase$ $ 
September 30, 2022September 30, 2022— — 
DecreaseDecrease$(4)$ 
December 31, 2020December 31, 2020$93 $83 December 31, 2020$93 $83 
March 31, 2021123 44 
September 30, 2021September 30, 2021113 — 
Increase (decrease)Increase (decrease)$30 $(39)Increase (decrease)$20 $(83)

During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 less than $1and 2021, $4 million and $24 million, respectively, of Medicare advance payments included in the opening contract liabilities balance for our Ambulatory Care segment were either repaid or recouped through a reduction of our Medicare claims payments. Additionally, $26 million of Medicare advance payments received by our Cash‑Managed Affiliates and included in the opening contract liabilities balance were either repaid or recouped in the same manner during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. No amounts were repaid or recouped from our Cash‑Managed Affiliates during the threenine months ended March 31, 2021.September 30, 2022.

Conifer Segment
Conifer enters into contracts with clients to provide revenue cycle management and other services, such as value‑based care, consulting and engagement solutions. The payment terms and conditions in Conifer’s client contracts vary. In some cases, clients are invoiced in advance and (for other than fixed‑price fee arrangements) a true‑up to the actual fee is included on a subsequent invoice. In other cases, payment is due in arrears. In addition, some contracts contain performance incentives, penalties and other forms of variable consideration. When the timing of Conifer’s delivery of services is different from the timing of payments made by its clients, Conifer recognizes either unbilled revenue (performance precedes contractual right to invoice the client) or deferred revenue (client payment precedes Conifer service performance). In the following table, clients that prepay prior to obtaining control/benefit of services are represented by deferred contract revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied. Unbilled revenue represents arrangements in which Conifer has provided services to a client, and the client has obtained control/benefit of these services prior to the contractual invoice date. Contracts with payment in arrears are recognized as receivables in the month the services are performed.

The opening and closing balances of Conifer’s receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities were as follows:
ReceivablesContract Assets – Unbilled RevenueContract Liabilities – Current
Deferred Revenue
Contract Liabilities – Long-Term
Deferred Revenue
ReceivablesContract Assets – Unbilled RevenueContract Liabilities – Current
Deferred Revenue
Contract Liabilities – Long-Term
Deferred Revenue
December 31, 2021December 31, 2021$28 $18 $79 $15 December 31, 2021$28 $18 $79 $15 
March 31, 202234 15 90 14 
September 30, 2022September 30, 202222 16 111 14 
Increase (decrease)Increase (decrease)$6 $(3)$11 $(1)Increase (decrease)$(6)$(2)$32 $(1)
December 31, 2020December 31, 2020$56 $20 $56 $16 December 31, 2020$56 $20 $56 $16 
March 31, 202156 14 60 16 
September 30, 2021September 30, 202134 14 74 15 
Increase (decrease)Increase (decrease)$ $(6)$4 $ Increase (decrease)$(22)$(6)$18 $(1)

The differences between the opening and closing balances of Conifer’s contract assets and contract liabilities are primarily related to prepayments for those clients who are billed in advance, changes in estimates related to metric‑based services, and up‑front integration services that are typically not distinct and are, therefore, recognized over the performance obligation period to which they relate. Our Conifer segment’s receivables and contract assets were reported as part of other current assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and its current and long‑term contract liabilities were reported as part of contract liabilities and contract liabilities – long‑term, respectively, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In both of the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, Conifer recognized $49$55 million and $56 million, respectively, of revenue that was included in the opening current deferred revenue liability. This revenue consists primarily of prepayments for those clients who are billed in advance, changes in estimates related to metric‑based services, and up‑front integration services that are recognized over the services period.

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Contract Costs
During both of the three monthsthree‑month periods ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, we recognized amortization expense related to deferred contract setup costs of $1 million. During both of the nine‑month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we recognized amortization expense related to deferred contract setup costs of $3 million. At both March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the unamortized client contract costs were $24 million and $23 million, respectively, and were presented as part of investments and other assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

NOTE 4. ASSETS AND LIABILITIES HELD FOR SALE 
In February 2022, we entered intoWe completed the sale of five Miami‑area hospitals and certain related operations held by our Hospital Operations segment in August 2021, resulting in our recognition of a definitive agreement to sell 1pre‑tax gain on sale of our micro‑hospitals located in Arizona. As a result, the assets associated with the micro‑hospital were classified as held for sale at March 31, 2022$409 million in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The sale of this micro‑hospital was completed in April 2022.three months ended September 30, 2021.

Assets classified as held forIn the three months ended June 30, 2021, we completed the sale at March 31, 2022 were comprised of the following:
Property and equipment$15 
Other intangible assets
Goodwill
Net assets held for sale$19
majority of our urgent care centers operated under the MedPost and CareSpot brands, and we also completed the separate sale of a building we owned in the Philadelphia area. We recorded a gain related to the sale of the urgent care centers of $14 million and a gain of $2 million related to the sale of the building in Philadelphia in the three months ended June 30, 2021.

The table below provides information on significant components of our business that have been recently disposed of:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Significant disposals:Significant disposals:Significant disposals:
Income from continuing operations, before income taxes
Income from continuing operations, before income taxes:Income from continuing operations, before income taxes:
Miami-area hospitals and certain related operationsMiami-area hospitals and certain related operations$$407 $$436 
Miami-area hospitals and certain related operations$$13 

NOTE 5. IMPAIRMENT AND RESTRUCTURING CHARGES, AND ACQUISITIONRELATED COSTS
Our impairment tests presume stable, improving or, in some cases, declining operating results in our facilities, which are based on programs and initiatives being implemented that are designed to achieve each facility’s most recent projections. If these projections are not met, or negative trends occur that impact our future outlook, future impairments of long‑lived assets and goodwill may occur, and we may incur additional restructuring charges, which could be material.

At March 31,September 30, 2022, our continuing operations consisted of 3three reportable segments – Hospital Operations, Ambulatory Care and Conifer. Our segments are reporting units used to perform our goodwill impairment analysis.

We periodically incur costs to implement restructuring efforts for specific operations, which are recorded in our statement of operations as they are incurred. Our restructuring plans focus on various aspects of operations, including aligning our operations in the most strategic and cost‑effective structure, such as the establishment of offshore support operations at our GBC. Certain restructuring and acquisition‑related costs are based on estimates. Changes in estimates are recognized as they occur.

During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we recorded impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition‑related costs of $16$97 million, primarily consisting of $12$78 million of restructuring charges, $9 million of impairment charges and $10 million of acquisition‑related costs. Restructuring charges consisted of $24 million of employee severance costs, $10 million related to the transition of various administrative functions to our GBC, $25 million of contract and lease termination fees, and $19 million of other restructuring costs. Impairment charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were comprised of $5 million from our Hospital Operations segment and $2 million from each our Ambulatory Care and Conifer segments. Acquisition‑related costs consisted of $10 million of transaction costs.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition‑related costs of $55 million, consisting of $48 million of restructuring charges, $1 million of impairment charges and $3$6 million of acquisition‑related costs. Restructuring charges consisted of $5$13 million of employee severance costs, $2$16 million related to the transition of various administrative functions to our GBC and $5$19 million of other restructuring costs. Impairment charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were comprised of $1 million from our Ambulatory Care segment. Acquisition‑related costs consisted of $3 million of transaction costs.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we recorded impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition‑related costs of $20 million, consisting of $16 million of restructuring charges and $4 million of acquisition‑related costs. Restructuring charges consisted of $4 million of employee severance costs, $6 million related to the transition of various administrative functions to our GBC and $6 million of other restructuring costs. Acquisition‑related costs consisted of $4 million of transaction costs.

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NOTE 6. LONG-TERM DEBT
The table below presents our long‑term debt included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Senior unsecured notes:Senior unsecured notes:  Senior unsecured notes:  
6.750% due 20236.750% due 2023$1,769 $1,872 6.750% due 2023$— $1,872 
6.125% due 20286.125% due 20282,500 2,500 6.125% due 20282,500 2,500 
6.875% due 20316.875% due 2031362 362 6.875% due 2031362 362 
Senior secured first lien notes:Senior secured first lien notes:  Senior secured first lien notes:  
4.625% due 20244.625% due 2024770 770 4.625% due 2024770 770 
4.625% due 20244.625% due 2024600 600 4.625% due 2024600 600 
7.500% due 20257.500% due 2025— 700 7.500% due 2025— 700 
4.875% due 20264.875% due 20262,100 2,100 4.875% due 20262,100 2,100 
5.125% due 20275.125% due 20271,500 1,500 5.125% due 20271,500 1,500 
4.625% due 20284.625% due 2028600 600 4.625% due 2028600 600 
4.250% due 20294.250% due 20291,400 1,400 4.250% due 20291,400 1,400 
4.375% due 20304.375% due 20301,450 1,450 4.375% due 20301,450 1,450 
6.125% due 20306.125% due 20302,000 — 
Senior secured second lien notes:Senior secured second lien notes:Senior secured second lien notes:
6.250% due 20276.250% due 20271,500 1,500 6.250% due 20271,500 1,500 
Finance leases, mortgage and other notes437 443 
Finance leases, mortgages and other notesFinance leases, mortgages and other notes448 443 
Unamortized issue costs and note discountsUnamortized issue costs and note discounts(137)(151)Unamortized issue costs and note discounts(137)(151)
Total long-term debtTotal long-term debt14,851 15,646 Total long-term debt15,093 15,646 
Less current portionLess current portion132 135 Less current portion131 135 
Long-term debt, net of current portionLong-term debt, net of current portion$14,719 $15,511 Long-term debt, net of current portion$14,962 $15,511 

Senior Unsecured Notes and Senior Secured Notes
On June 15, 2022, we issued $2.000 billion aggregate principal amount of 6.125% senior secured first lien notes, which will mature on June 15, 2030 (the “2030 Senior Secured First Lien Notes”). We will pay interest on the 2030 Senior Secured First Lien Notes semi‑annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing on December 15, 2022. As further discussed below, we used a substantial portion of the issuance proceeds from the 2030 Senior Secured First Lien Notes, after payment of fees and expenses, to finance the redemption of our 6.750% senior unsecured notes due 2023 (the “2023 Senior Unsecured Notes”).

Through a series of open‑market transactions during the six months ended June 30, 2022, we repurchased $124 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes using cash on hand. Following the issuance of our 2030 Senior Secured First Lien Notes, we used a substantial portion of the proceeds to redeem the then-remaining $1.748 billion aggregate principal outstanding of the 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes in advance of their maturity date. In total, we paid $1.933 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2022 to retire all $1.872 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes, and we recorded aggregate losses from early extinguishment of debt of $71 million, primarily related to the difference between the purchase prices and the par value of the notes, as well as the write‑off of associated unamortized issuance costs.

On February 23, 2022, we redeemed all $700 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 7.500% senior secured first lien notes due 2025 in advance of their maturity date. We paid $730 million from cash on hand to redeem the notes. In connection with the redemption, we recorded a loss from early extinguishment of debt of $38 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily related to the difference between the purchase price and the par value of the notes, as well as the write‑off of associated unamortized issuance costs.

Through a series of open‑market transactions in March 2022, we repurchased $103 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 6.750% senior unsecured notes due 2023. We paid $107 million from cash on hand to complete these transactions. In connection with the repurchases, we recorded aggregate losses from early extinguishment of debt of $5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily related to the difference between the purchase prices and the par value of the notes, as well as the write‑off of associated unamortized issuance costs.

Credit Agreement
We have a senior secured revolving credit facility that provides for revolving loans in an aggregate principal amount of up to $1.500 billion with a $200 million subfacility for standby letters of credit. We amended our credit agreement (as amended to date, the “Credit Agreement”) in April 2020 to, among other things, (i) increase the aggregate revolving credit commitments from the previous limit of $1.500 billion to $1.900 billion (the “Increased Commitments”), subject to borrowing availability, and (ii) increase the advance rate and raise limits on certain eligible accounts receivable in the calculation of the borrowing base, in each case, for an incremental period of 364 days. In April 2021, we amended the Credit Agreement to, among other things, extend the availability of the Increased Commitments through April 22, 2022 and reduce the interest rate margins. In March 2022, we further amended our Credit Agreement to, among other things, (i) decrease the aggregate revolving credit
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commitments from the previous Increased Commitments to aggregate revolving credit commitments not to exceed $1.500 billion, subject to borrowing availability, (ii) extend the scheduled maturity date to March 16, 2027, and (iii) replace the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) with the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and Daily Simple SOFR (each, as defined in the Credit Agreement) as the reference interest rate. At March 31,September 30, 2022, we had no cash borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement, and we had less than $1 million of standby letters of credit outstanding. Based on our eligible receivables, $1.500 billion was available for borrowing under the revolving credit facility at March 31,September 30, 2022.

Obligations under the Credit Agreement continue to be guaranteed by substantially all of our domestic wholly owned hospital subsidiaries and secured by a first‑priority lien on the eligible inventory and accounts receivable owned by us and the subsidiary guarantors, including receivables for Medicaid supplemental payments.

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Outstanding revolving loans accrue interest depending on the type of loan at either (a) a base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.25% to 0.75% per annum or (b) Term SOFR, Daily Simple SOFR or the Euro Interbank Offered Rate (EURIBOR) (each, as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75% per annum and (in the case of Term SOFR and Daily Simple SOFR only) a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%, in each case based on available credit. An unused commitment fee payable on the undrawn portion of the revolving loans ranges from 0.25% to 0.375% per annum based on available credit. Our borrowing availability is based on a specified percentage of eligible inventory and accounts receivable, including self‑pay accounts.

Letter of Credit Facility
We have a letter of credit facility (as amended to date, the “LC Facility”) that provides for the issuance, from time to time, of standby and documentary letters of credit in an aggregate principal amount of up to $200 million. The scheduled maturity date of the LC Facility is September 12, 2024. Obligations under the LC Facility are guaranteed and secured by a first‑priority pledge of the capital stock and other ownership interests of certain of our wholly owned domestic hospital subsidiaries on an equal‑ranking basis with our senior secured first lien notes.

Drawings under any letter of credit issued under the LC Facility that we have not reimbursed within 3three business days after notice thereof accrue interest at a base rate plus a margin of 0.50% per annum. An unused commitment fee is payable at an initial rate of 0.25% per annum with a step up to 0.375% per annum should our secured‑debt‑to‑EBITDA ratio equal or exceed 3.00 to 1.00 at the end of any fiscal quarter. A fee on the aggregate outstanding amount of issued but undrawn letters of credit accrues at a rate of 1.50% per annum. An issuance fee equal to 0.125% per annum of the aggregate face amount of each outstanding letter of credit is payable to the account of the issuer of the related letter of credit. The LC Facility is subject to an effective maximum secured debt covenant of 4.25 to 1.00. At March 31,September 30, 2022, we had $138$116 million of standby letters of credit outstanding under the LC Facility.

NOTE 7. GUARANTEES
At March 31,September 30, 2022, the maximum potential amount of future payments under our income guarantees to certain physicians who agree to relocate and revenue collection guarantees to hospital‑based physician groups providing certain services at our hospitals was $118$165 million. We had a total liability of $102$138 million recorded for these guarantees included in other current liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31,September 30, 2022.

At March 31,September 30, 2022, we also had issued guarantees of the indebtedness and other obligations of our investees to third parties, the maximum potential amount of future payments under which was approximately $109$102 million. Of the total, $16$26 million relates to the obligations of consolidated subsidiaries, which obligations were recorded in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31,September 30, 2022.

NOTE 8. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Share-Based Compensation Plans
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021 include $16$47 million and $14$43 million, respectively, of pre-tax compensation costs related to our stock‑based compensation arrangements.

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Stock Options
The following table summarizes stock option activity during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022:
Number of
Options
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
Weighted Average
Remaining Life
(In Millions)
Outstanding at December 31, 2021520,998 $23.90 
Exercised(60,051)$28.26 
Outstanding at March 31, 2022460,947 $23.33 $29 5.9 years
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2022460,947 $23.33 $29 5.9 years
Exercisable at March 31, 2022460,947 $23.33 $29 5.9 years
Number of
Options
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
Weighted Average
Remaining Life
(In Millions)
Outstanding at December 31, 2021520,998 $23.90 
Exercised(60,051)$28.26 
Outstanding at September 30, 2022460,947 $23.33 $13 5.4 years

There were 60,051 and 293,581334,907 stock options exercised during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, with aggregate intrinsic values of $4 million and $10$12 million, respectively. All outstanding options were vested and exercisable at September 30, 2022. We did not grant any stock options during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 or 2021.
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The following table summarizes information about our outstanding stock options at March 31,September 30, 2022:
Options OutstandingOptions Exercisable Options Outstanding and Exercisable
Range of Exercise Prices Range of Exercise Prices Number of
Options
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
Number of
Options
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
Range of Exercise Prices Number of
Options
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
$18.99 to $20.609$18.99 to $20.609293,796 5.4 years$19.75 293,796 $19.75 $18.99 to $20.609293,796 4.9 years$19.75 
$20.61 to $35.430$20.61 to $35.430167,151 6.8 years$29.62 167,151 $29.62 $20.61 to $35.430167,151 6.3 years$29.62 
460,947 5.9 years$23.33 460,947 $23.33 460,947 5.4 years$23.33 

Restricted Stock Units
The following table summarizes activity with respect to restricted stock units (“RSUs”) during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022:
Number of
Restricted Stock Units
Weighted Average Grant
Date Fair Value Per Unit
Number of
Restricted Stock Units
Weighted Average Grant
Date Fair Value Per Unit
Unvested at December 31, 2021Unvested at December 31, 20212,171,202 $40.51 Unvested at December 31, 20212,171,202 $40.51 
GrantedGranted570,080 $83.75 Granted633,880 $81.25 
VestedVested(721,858)$29.16 Vested(940,883)$32.36 
ForfeitedForfeited(16,083)$44.57 Forfeited(94,728)$53.02 
Unvested at March 31, 20222,003,341 $62.46 
Unvested at September 30, 2022Unvested at September 30, 20221,769,471 $64.97 

In the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we granted an aggregate of 570,080 RSUs, 288,125 of which vest based on the passage of time.633,880 RSUs. Of these, time‑based RSUs, 281,955237,381 will vest and be settled ratably over a three‑year period from the grant date, 9,215 will vest and be settled ratably over a four‑year period from the grant date, 4,608 will vest on the second anniversary of the grant date, and 6,170 will vest evenly on the third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. TheAlso included in the aforementioned aggregate number of RSUs were 53,716 RSUs granted to our former Executive Chairman that were scheduled to vest and be settled ratably over 11 quarterly periods from the grant date, but the unvested portion of this grant vested and settled in October 2022 in accordance with the terms of the stock incentive plan. We also granted 35,482 RSUs to our non‑employee directors for the 2022-2023 board service year, which units vested immediately and will settle on the third anniversary of the grant date.

In addition, we granted 287,308 performance‑based RSUs in the nine months ended September 30, 2022; the vesting of the 281,955 remainingthese RSUs granted in the three months ended March 31, 2022 is contingent on our achievement of specified performance goals for the years 2022 to 2024. Provided the goals are achieved, the performance‑based RSUs will vest and settle on the third anniversary of the grant date. The actual number of performance‑based RSUs that could vest will range from 0% to 200% of the 281,955287,308 units granted, depending on our level of achievement with respect to the performance goals. Included in the aforementioned aggregate number of performance-based RSUs were 53,716 RSUs granted to our former Executive Chairman that vested and settled at 100% in October 2022 in accordance with the terms of the stock incentive plan.

In the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2021, we granted an aggregate of 708,577 RSUs.884,468 RSUs, consisting of 547,421 RSUs that vest based on the passage of time, 297,309 RSUs that vest on a contingent basis, and 39,738 RSUs that were granted to our non‑employee directors and vested immediately. Of these, 260,071the 547,421 time‑based RSUs, 261,997 will vest and be settled ratably over a three‑year period from the grant date, 28,676 will vest and be settled on the third anniversary of the grant date, 53,341 will
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vest and be settled on the fourth anniversary of the grant date, and 14,192 vested and were settled on December 31, 2021. Also included in the aforementioned aggregate number of RSUs were 189,215 willRSUs granted to our former Executive Chairman that were scheduled to vest and be settled ratably over 8eight quarterly periods from the grant date, and 14,192but the unvested portion of this grant vested on December 31, 2021 and settled in January 2022. We alsoOctober 2022 in accordance with the terms of the stock incentive plan. The 39,738 RSUs granted to our non‑employee directors included 36,681 RSUs for the 2021‑2022 board service year, 1,372 RSUs asfor an initial grant to a then-newthen‑new member of our board of directors and 1,685 RSUs asfor a pro‑rata annual grant to the same new board member. Both the initial grant and the annual grant vested immediately,immediately; however, the initial grant settles upon separation from the board, while the annual grant settles on the third anniversary of the grant date. In addition, we granted 241,150 performance‑based RSUs; the

The vesting of these243,076 of the performance‑based RSUs granted the nine months ended September 30, 2021 is contingent on our achievement of specified performance goals for the years 2021 to 2023. Provided the goals are achieved, the performance‑based RSUs will vest and settle on the third anniversary of the grant date. The actual number of performance‑based RSUs that could vest will range from 0% to 200% of the 241,150243,076 units granted, depending on our level of achievement with respect to the performance goals. In addition, we granted 53,341 performance‑based RSUs to a senior officer in September 2021. The vesting of this grant is contingent on our achievement of specified performance goals for the years 2021 to 2025 and is subject to the same vesting range as the performance‑based grants described above. Provided the goals are achieved, the performance‑based RSUs issued in September 2021 will vest and settle on the fourth anniversary of the grant date. During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2021, we also granted 892 RSUs that vested and settled immediately as a result of our level of achievement with respect to certain performance‑based RSUs granted in 2018.

The fair value of an RSU is based on our share price on the grant date. For certain of the performancebased RSU grants, the number of units that will ultimately vest is subject to adjustment based on the achievement of a market‑based condition. The fair value of these RSUs is estimated through the use of a Monte Carlo simulation. Significant inputs used in our valuation of these RSUs included the following:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022202120222021
Expected volatilityExpected volatility39.6% - 68.1%71.8% - 79.3%Expected volatility39.6% - 68.1%65.2% - 79.3%
Risk-free interest rateRisk-free interest rate1.0% - 1.7%0.1% - 0.2%Risk-free interest rate1.0% - 1.7%0.1% - 0.6%

At March 31,September 30, 2022, there were $84$51 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to RSUs. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.01.8 years.

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USPI Management Equity Plan
USPI maintains a separate management equity plan (the “USPI Management Equity Plan”) under which it grants RSUs representing a contractual right to receive 1one share of USPI’s non‑voting common stock in the future. The vesting of RSUs granted under the plan varies based on the terms of the underlying award agreement. Once the requisite holding period is met, during specified times, the participant can sell the underlying shares to USPI at their estimated fair market value. At our sole discretion, the purchase of any non‑voting common shares can be made in cash or in shares of Tenet’s common stock.

The following table summarizes RSU activity under USPI’s management equity planthe USPI Management Equity Plan during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022:
Number of
Restricted Stock Units
Weighted Average Grant
Date Fair Value Per Unit
Number of
Restricted Stock Units
Weighted Average Grant
Date Fair Value Per Unit
Unvested at December 31, 2021Unvested at December 31, 20211,494,882 $34.13 Unvested at December 31, 20211,494,882 $34.13 
VestedVested(367,928)$34.13 Vested(369,691)$34.13 
ForfeitedForfeited(42,669)$34.13 Forfeited(144,614)$34.13 
Unvested at March 31, 20221,084,285 $34.13 
Unvested at September 30, 2022Unvested at September 30, 2022980,577 $34.13 

No new grants were made under the USPI Management Equity Plan and no shares were repurchased during the threenine months ended March 31, 2022September 30, 2022. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we granted 76,990 RSUs under the USPI Management Equity Plan. Twenty percent of these RSUs vested on the first anniversary of the grant date, 20% vests on the second anniversary, and 2021.the remaining 60% vests on the third anniversary of the grant date.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, USPI paid $8 million and $5 million in cash, respectively, to repurchase a portion of the non‑voting common stock issued under the USPI Management Equity Plan. At September 30, 2022, there were 175,036 outstanding vested shares of non‑voting common stock eligible to be sold to USPI.

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NOTE 9. EQUITY
Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
The following tables present the changes in consolidated equity during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in millions, share amounts in thousands):
Common StockAdditional
Paid-In
Capital
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Accumulated
Deficit
Treasury
Stock
Noncontrolling
Interests
Total EquityCommon StockAdditional
Paid-In
Capital
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Accumulated
Deficit
Treasury
Stock
Noncontrolling
Interests
Total Equity
Shares
Outstanding
Issued Par
Amount
Shares
Outstanding
Issued Par
Amount
Balances at December 31, 2021Balances at December 31, 2021107,189 $8 $4,877 $(233)$(1,214)$(2,410)$1,026 $2,054 Balances at December 31, 2021107,189 $8 $4,877 $(233)$(1,214)$(2,410)$1,026 $2,054 
Net incomeNet income— — — — 140 — 46 186 Net income— — — — 140 — 46 186 
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interestsDistributions paid to noncontrolling interests— — — — — — (71)(71)Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests— — — — — — (71)(71)
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interestsAccretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests— — (95)— — — — (95)Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests— — (95)— — — — (95)
Sales of businesses and noncontrolling interests, netSales of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net— — (7)— — — (1)(8)Sales of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net— — (7)— — — (1)(8)
Stock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stockStock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stock499 — (10)— — — — (10)Stock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stock499 — (10)— — — — (10)
Balances at March 31, 2022Balances at March 31, 2022107,688 $8 $4,765 $(233)$(1,074)$(2,410)$1,000 $2,056 Balances at March 31, 2022107,688 $8 $4,765 $(233)$(1,074)$(2,410)$1,000 $2,056 
Net incomeNet income— — — — 38 — 58 96 
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interestsDistributions paid to noncontrolling interests— — — — — — (38)(38)
Other comprehensive incomeOther comprehensive income— — — — — — 
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interestsAccretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests— — (9)— — — — (9)
Purchases (sales) of businesses and noncontrolling interests, netPurchases (sales) of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net— — (23)— — — (16)
Stock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stockStock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stock142 — 23 — — — — 23 
Balances at June 30, 2022Balances at June 30, 2022107,830 $8 $4,756 $(231)$(1,036)$(2,410)$1,027 $2,114 
Net incomeNet income— — — — 131 — 63 194 
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interestsDistributions paid to noncontrolling interests— — — — — — (58)(58)
Other comprehensive incomeOther comprehensive income— — — — — — 
Purchases of businesses and noncontrolling interests, netPurchases of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net— — — — — 240 242 
Stock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stockStock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stock119 — 13 — — — — 13 
Balances at September 30, 2022Balances at September 30, 2022107,949 $8 $4,771 $(229)$(905)$(2,410)$1,272 $2,507 
Common StockAdditional
Paid-In
Capital
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Accumulated
Deficit
Treasury
Stock
Noncontrolling
Interests
Total Equity
Shares
Outstanding
Issued Par
Amount
Balances at December 31, 2020106,070 $7 $4,844 $(281)$(2,128)$(2,414)$909 $937 
Net income— — — — 97 — 44 141 
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests— — — — — — (61)(61)
Other comprehensive loss— — — (1)— — — (1)
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests— — (3)— — — — (3)
Purchases (sales) of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net— — (10)— — — (9)
Stock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stock617 10 — — — 12 
Balances at March 31, 2021106,687 $8 $4,841 $(282)$(2,031)$(2,413)$893 $1,016 

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Common StockAdditional
Paid-In
Capital
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Accumulated
Deficit
Treasury
Stock
Noncontrolling
Interests
Total Equity
Shares
Outstanding
Issued Par
Amount
Balances at December 31, 2020106,070 $7 $4,844 $(281)$(2,128)$(2,414)$909 $937 
Net income— — — — 97 — 44 141 
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests— — — — — — (61)(61)
Other comprehensive loss— — — (1)— — — (1)
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests— — (3)— — — — (3)
Purchases (sales) of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net— — (10)— — — (9)
Stock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stock617 10 — — — 12 
Balances at March 31, 2021106,687 $8 $4,841 $(282)$(2,031)$(2,413)$893 $1,016 
Net income— — — — 119 — 58 177 
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests— — — — — — (43)(43)
Other comprehensive income— — — — — — 
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests— — (4)— — — — (4)
Purchases of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net— — — — — — 
Stock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stock180 — 14 — — — 15 
Balances at June 30, 2021106,867 $8 $4,854 $(277)$(1,912)$(2,412)$908 $1,169 
Net income— — — — 449 — 56 505 
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests— — — — — — (51)(51)
Other comprehensive income— — — — — — 
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests— — (4)— — — — (4)
Purchases of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net— — — — — — 
Stock-based compensation expense and issuance of common stock202 — — — — 10 
Balances at September 30, 2021107,069 $8 $4,862 $(274)$(1,463)$(2,411)$913 $1,635 

Our noncontrolling interests balances at March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were comprised of $126$132 million and $128 million, respectively, from our Hospital Operations segment, and $874 million$1.140 billion and $898 million, respectively, from our
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Ambulatory Care segment. Our net income available to noncontrolling interests for the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021 in the tabletables above were comprised of $3$15 million and $4$16 million, respectively, from our Hospital Operations segment and $43$152 million and $40$142 million, respectively, from our Ambulatory Care segment.

NOTE 10. NET OPERATING REVENUES
Net operating revenues for our Hospital Operations and Ambulatory Care segments primarily consist of net patient service revenues, principally for patients covered by Medicare, Medicaid, managed care and other health plans, as well as certain uninsured patients under our Compact with Uninsured Patients and other uninsured discount and charity programs. Net operating revenues for our Conifer segment primarily consist of revenues from providing revenue cycle management services to health systems, individual hospitals and physician practices.practices, and other services revenues consist of revenues from value‑based care, consulting and engagement solutions.

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The table below presents our sources of net operating revenues less implicit price concessions from continuing operations:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Hospital Operations:Hospital Operations:  Hospital Operations:  
Net patient service revenues from hospitals and related outpatient facilities:Net patient service revenues from hospitals and related outpatient facilities:Net patient service revenues from hospitals and related outpatient facilities:
MedicareMedicare$619 $688 Medicare$575 $616 $1,773 $2,001 
MedicaidMedicaid192 259 Medicaid255 336 695 883 
Managed careManaged care2,495 2,480 Managed care2,408 2,567 7,227 7,592 
UninsuredUninsured38 47 Uninsured36 33 110 140 
Indemnity and otherIndemnity and other164 176 Indemnity and other183 159 508 527 
TotalTotal3,508 3,650 Total3,457 3,711 10,313 11,143 
Other revenues(1)
Other revenues(1)
290 297 
Other revenues(1)
321 319 908 929 
Hospital Operations total prior to inter-segment eliminationsHospital Operations total prior to inter-segment eliminations3,798 3,947 Hospital Operations total prior to inter-segment eliminations3,778 4,030 11,221 12,072 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory Care738 646 Ambulatory Care806 666 2,315 1,976 
ConiferConifer324 310 Conifer333 314 990 943 
Inter-segment eliminationsInter-segment eliminations(115)(122)Inter-segment eliminations(116)(116)(342)(362)
Net operating revenuesNet operating revenues$4,745 $4,781 Net operating revenues$4,801 $4,894 $14,184 $14,629 
(1)Primarily physician practices revenues.

Adjustments for prior‑year cost reportsreport settlements and related valuation allowances, principally related to Medicare and Medicaid, increased revenues in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021 by $4$10 million and $5$21 million, respectively. Estimated cost report settlements and valuation allowances were included in accounts receivable in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 2). We believe that we have made adequate provision for any adjustments that may result from the final determination of amounts earned under all the above arrangements with Medicare and Medicaid.

The table below presents the composition of net operating revenues for our Ambulatory Care segment:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Net patient service revenuesNet patient service revenues$704 $619 Net patient service revenues$772 $633 $2,217 $1,890 
Management feesManagement fees29 22 Management fees28 21 81 64 
Revenue from other sourcesRevenue from other sourcesRevenue from other sources12 17 22 
Net operating revenuesNet operating revenues$738 $646 Net operating revenues$806 $666 $2,315 $1,976 

The table below presents the composition of net operating revenues for our Conifer segment:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Revenue cycle services – TenetRevenue cycle services – Tenet$112 $118 Revenue cycle services – Tenet$113 $112 $333 $350 
Revenue cycle services – other clientsRevenue cycle services – other clients189 169 Revenue cycle services – other clients198 178 589 522 
Other services – TenetOther services – TenetOther services – Tenet12 
Other services – other clientsOther services – other clients20 19 Other services – other clients19 20 59 59 
Net operating revenuesNet operating revenues$324 $310 Net operating revenues$333 $314 $990 $943 

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Other services, including value‑based care, consulting and other client‑defined projects, represented approximately 7% of Conifer’s revenue for both of the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Performance Obligations
The following table includes Conifer’s revenue that is expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied, at the end of the reporting period. The amounts in the table primarily consist of revenue cycle management fixed fees, which are typically recognized ratably as the performance obligation is satisfied. The estimated revenue does not include volume‑ or contingency‑based contracts, variable‑based rate escalators, performance incentives, penalties or other variable consideration that is considered constrained. Conifer’s contract with Catholic Health Initiatives (“CHI”), a minority interest owner of Conifer Health Solutions, LLC, represents the majority of the fixed‑fee revenue related to remaining performance obligations. Conifer’s contract term with CHI ends December 31, 2032.
  Nine Months EndingYears EndingLater Years
December 31,
 Total20222023202420252026
Performance obligations$6,450 $485 $646 $591 $591 $591 $3,546 
  Three Months EndingYears EndingLater Years
December 31,
 Total20222023202420252026
Performance obligations$6,163 $181 $663 $591 $591 $591 $3,546 

NOTE 11. PROPERTY AND PROFESSIONAL AND GENERAL LIABILITY INSURANCE
Property Insurance
We have property, business interruption and related insurance coverage to mitigate the financial impact of catastrophic events or perils that is subject to deductible provisions based on the terms of the policies. These policies are on an occurrence basis. For both of the policy periods April 1, 2021 through March 31, 2022 andperiod April 1, 2022 through March 31, 2023, we have coverage totaling $850 million per occurrence, after deductibles and exclusions, with annual aggregate sub‑limits of $100 million for floods, $200 million for earthquakes and a per‑occurrence sub‑limit of $200 million for named windstorms with no annual aggregate. With respect to fires and other perils, excluding floods, earthquakes and named windstorms, the total $850 million limit of coverage per occurrence applies. Deductibles are 5% of insured values up to a maximum of $25 million for California earthquakes, $25 million for floods and named windstorms, and 2% of insured values for New Madrid fault earthquakes, with a maximum per claim deductible of $25 million. Floods and certain other covered losses, including fires and other perils, have a minimum deductible of $1 million for the 2021 to 2022 policy period and $5 million for the 2022 to 2023 policy period.million.

ProfessionalWe also purchase cyber liability insurance from third parties. In April 2022, we experienced a cybersecurity incident that temporarily disrupted a subset of our acute care operations and General Liability Reservesinvolved the exfiltration of certain confidential company and patient information (the “Cybersecurity Incident”). We estimate that the Cybersecurity Incident had an adverse pre‑tax impact of approximately $100 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This estimate includes the costs to remediate the issues, lost revenues from the associated business interruption and other related expenses. We have filed a claim within our policy limits. Insurance recoveries of $13 million related to this claim were received during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, $6 million of which were recorded as net operating revenues.

We are self‑insured for the majority of our professional and general liability claims, and we purchase insurance from third‑parties to cover catastrophic claims. At March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the aggregate current and long‑term professional and general liability reserves in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were $1.075$1.083 billion and $1.045 billion, respectively. These reserves include the reserves recorded by our captive insurance subsidiaries and our self‑insured retention reserves recorded based on modeled estimates for the portion of our professional and general liability risks, including incurred but not reported claims, for which we do not have insurance coverage. Malpractice expense of $197 million and $269 million was included in other operating expenses, net, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

All commercial insurance we purchase is subject to per‑claim and policy period aggregate limits. If the policy period aggregate limit of any of our policies is exhausted, in whole or in part, it could deplete or reduce the limits available to pay any other material claims applicable to that policy period.

Malpractice expense of $81 million and $91 million was included in other operating expenses, net, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

NOTE 12. CLAIMS AND LAWSUITS
We operate in a highly regulated and litigious industry. Healthcare companies are subject to numerous investigations by various governmental agencies. Further, private parties have the right to bring qui tam or “whistleblower” lawsuits against companies that allegedly submit false claims for payments to, or improperly retain overpayments from, the government and, in some states, private payers. We and our subsidiaries have received inquiries in recent years from government agencies, and we may receive similar inquiries in future periods. We are also subject to class action lawsuits, employment‑related claims and other legal actions in the ordinary course of business. Some of these actions may involve large demands, as well as substantial
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defense costs. We cannot predict the outcome of current or future legal actions against us or the effect that judgments or settlements in such matters may have on us.

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We record accruals for estimated losses relating to claims and lawsuits when available information indicates that a loss is probable and we can reasonably estimate the amount of the loss or a range of loss. Significant judgment is required in both the determination of the probability of a loss and the determination as to whether a loss is reasonably estimable. These determinations are updated at least quarterly and are adjusted to reflect the effects of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel and technical experts, and other information and events pertaining to a particular matter, but are subject to significant uncertainty regarding numerous factors that could affect the ultimate loss levels. If a loss on a material matter is reasonably possible and estimable, we disclose an estimate of the loss or a range of loss. In cases where we have not disclosed an estimate, we have concluded that the loss is either not reasonably possible or the loss, or a range of loss, is not reasonably estimable, based on available information. Given the inherent uncertainties associated with these matters, especially those involving governmental agencies, and the indeterminate damages sought in some cases, there is significant uncertainty aswe are unable to predict the ultimate liability we may incur from these matters, and an adverse outcome in one or more of these matters could be material to our results of operations or cash flows for any particular reporting period.

Government Investigation of Detroit Medical Center
Detroit Medical Center (“DMC”) is subject to an ongoing investigation commenced in October 2017 by the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of Michigan and the Civil Division of the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) for potential violations of the Stark law, the Medicare and Medicaid anti‑kickback and anti‑fraud and abuse amendments codified under Section 1128B(b) of the Social Security Act, and the federal False Claims Act related to DMC’s employment of nurse practitioners and physician assistants (“Mid‑Level Practitioners”) from 2006 through 2017. As previously disclosed, a media report was published in August 2017 alleging that 14 Mid‑Level Practitioners were terminated by DMC earlier in 2017 due to compliance concerns. The DOJ issued a civil investigative demand to DMC for documents and interrogatories in September 2021. We are cooperating with the investigation; however, we are unable to determine the potential exposure, if any, at this time.investigation.

Other Matters
In July 2019, certain of the entities that purchased the operations of Hahnemann University Hospital and St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children in Philadelphia from us commenced Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings. In the three months ended December 31, 2021, we established a reserve of $23 million for certain obligations related to the sale of the hospitals and the subsequent bankruptcy proceedings of the buyers. In the six months ended June 30, 2022, we made advance payments of approximately $1 million. In the three months ended September 30, 2022, the bankruptcy court approved a final settlement among the parties, and we made the remaining $22 million in payments to fully resolve this matter.

We are also subject to claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business, including potential claims related to, among other things, the care and treatment provided at our hospitals and outpatient facilities, the application of various federal and state labor and privacy laws, tax audits and other matters. Although the results of these claims and lawsuits cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that the ultimate resolution of these ordinary course claims and lawsuits will not have a material effect on our business or financial condition.

New claims or inquiries may be initiated against us from time to time, including lawsuits from patients, employees and others exposed to COVID‑19 at our facilities. These matters could (1)(i) require us to pay substantial damages or amounts in judgments or settlements, which, individually or in the aggregate, could exceed amounts, if any, that may be recovered under our insurance policies where coverage applies and is available, (2)(ii) cause us to incur substantial expenses, (3)(iii) require significant time and attention from our management, and (4)(iv) cause us to close or sell hospitals or otherwise modify the way we conduct business.

The following table presents reconciliations of the beginning and ending liability balances in connection with legal settlements and related costs recorded in continuing operations during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.operations:
Balances at
Beginning
of Period
Litigation and
Investigation
Costs
Cash
Payments
OtherBalances at
End of
Period
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022$78 $20 $(36)$$64 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021$26 $13 $(15)$— $24 
Balances at
Beginning
of Period
Litigation and
Investigation
Costs
Cash
Payments
OtherBalances at
End of
Period
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022$78 $50 $(88)$$43 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021$26 $64 $(44)$(5)$41 

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NOTE 13. REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS IN EQUITY OF CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
We have a put Our put/call agreement (the “Baylor Put/Call Agreement”) with Baylor University Medical Center (“Baylor”) that containscontained put and call options with respect to the 5% ownership interest Baylor holdsheld in USPI. Each year starting in 2021,USPI until June 30, 2022. The Baylor mayPut/Call Agreement gave Baylor the option to annually put up to one‑thirdone-third of its total shares in USPI (the “Baylor Shares”) by delivering notice byover a period of three years beginning in 2021. We had the end of January of such year. In each year that Baylor does not put the full 33.3% of USPI’s shares allowable, we mayright to call the difference between the number of shares Baylor put each year and the maximum number of shares it could have put that year. In addition, the Baylor Put/Call Agreement contains a call option pursuant to which we have the ability to acquire all of Baylor’s ownership interest by 2024. We have the ability to choose whether to settle the purchase price for the Baylor put/call, which is mutually agreed‑upon fair market value, in cash or shares of our common stock.put. Based on the nature of the Baylor Put/Call Agreement, Baylor’s minority interest in USPI was classified as a redeemable noncontrolling interest in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance SheetsSheet at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, we recognized accretion totaling $94$102 million and $1$7 million, respectively, and a corresponding decrease in additional paid-in capital related to adjust Baylor’s minority interest in USPI based on an increase in the estimated fair value of USPI.

Baylor did not deliver a put notice to us in January 2021 or 2022. In each of February 2021 and 2022, we notified Baylor of our intention to exercise our call option to purchase 33.3% of the Baylor Shares for that year (now 66.6%(66.6% in total). We are continuingIn June 2022, we entered into an agreement with Baylor (the “Share Purchase Agreement”) to negotiatecomplete the purchase of the Baylor Shares we called in 2021 and 2022 and to accelerate the acquisition of the remaining Baylor Shares eligible to be put/called in 2023. Under the terms of those purchases.the Share Purchase Agreement, we agreed to pay Baylor $406 million to buy its entire 5% voting ownership interest in USPI. We paid $11 million upon execution of the Share Purchase Agreement and will make 35 additional non-interest bearing monthly payments of approximately $11 million, which payments commenced in August 2022. We recorded the present value of the purchase price as a liability on our balance sheet, with an offset to redeemable noncontrolling interest of $365 million for the carrying amount of the shares and $23 million to additional paid‑in capital for the difference between the carrying value and present value of the purchase price for the shares. At September 30, 2022, we had liabilities of $135 million recorded in other current liabilities and $222 million in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet for the purchase of these shares.

The following table presents the changes in redeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiariessubsidiaries:
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 20222021
Balances at beginning of period $2,203 $1,952 
Net income251 234 
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests(265)(161)
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests104 11 
Purchases and sales of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net(225)12 
Balances at end of period $2,068 $2,048 

Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021:
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
 20222021
Balances at beginning of period $2,203 $1,952 
Net income94 81 
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests(64)(58)
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests95 
Purchases of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net30 14 
Balances at end of period $2,358 $1,992 
included $61 million of proceeds related to the sale of several medical office buildings previously owned by our Hospital Operations segment.

The following tables presenttable presents the composition by segment of our redeemable noncontrolling interests balances at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, as well asbalances:
 September 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Hospital Operations$235 $297 
Ambulatory Care1,296 1,425 
Conifer537 481 
Redeemable noncontrolling interests$2,068 $2,203 

The following table presents our net income available to redeemable noncontrolling interests for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021:by segment:
 March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Hospital Operations$316 $297 
Ambulatory Care1,545 1,425 
Conifer497 481 
Redeemable noncontrolling interests$2,358 $2,203 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
20222021 20222021
Hospital OperationsHospital Operations$22 $13 Hospital Operations$23 $18 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory Care56 52 Ambulatory Care172 164 
ConiferConifer16 16 Conifer56 52 
Net income available to redeemable noncontrolling interestsNet income available to redeemable noncontrolling interests$94 $81 Net income available to redeemable noncontrolling interests$251 $234 

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NOTE 14. INCOME TAXES
During the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we recorded income tax expense of $99$112 million in continuing operations on pre-tax income of $378$380 million compared to $45$197 million on pre-tax income of $267$774 million during the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2021. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recorded income tax expense of $297 million in continuing operations on pre-tax income of $1.023 billion compared to $303 million on pre-tax income of $1.360 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Our provision for income taxes during interim reporting periods is calculated by applying an estimate of the annual effective tax rate to “ordinary” income or loss (pre-tax income or loss excluding unusual or infrequently occurring discrete items) for the reporting period. In calculating “ordinary” income, non‑taxable income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests was deducted from pre-tax income.

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A reconciliation between the amount of reported income tax expense and the amount computed by multiplying income from continuing operations before income taxes by the statutory federal tax rate is presented below:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Tax expense at statutory federal rate of 21%Tax expense at statutory federal rate of 21%$79 $56 Tax expense at statutory federal rate of 21%$80 $163 $215 $286 
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefitState income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit14 13 State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit15 29 40 56 
Tax benefit attributable to noncontrolling interestsTax benefit attributable to noncontrolling interests(29)(25)Tax benefit attributable to noncontrolling interests(29)(26)(86)(79)
Nondeductible goodwillNondeductible goodwill— 28 35 
Stock-based compensation tax benefitStock-based compensation tax benefit(2)(1)Stock-based compensation tax benefit(1)(1)(4)(4)
Changes in valuation allowanceChanges in valuation allowance32 — Changes in valuation allowance36 — 113 — 
Other itemsOther itemsOther items11 18 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense$99 $45 Income tax expense$112 $197 $297 $303 
    
During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we recorded income tax expense of $32$113 million to increase the valuation allowance for interest expense carryforwards due toas a change inresult of the limitation on business interest expense. We did not have any interest expense disallowance rules in 2022.limited during 2021.

There were no adjustments toWe increased our estimated liabilities for uncertain tax positions during the threenine months ended March 31, 2022.September 30, 2022 by $1 million. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31,September 30, 2022 was $34$35 million, of which $32$33 million, if recognized, would affect our effective tax rate and income tax expense from continuing operations.

Our practice is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. We did not have any interest or penalties on unrecognized tax benefits accrued at March 31,September 30, 2022.

As of March 31,September 30, 2022, no significant changes in unrecognized federal and state tax benefits were expected in the next 12 months as a result of the settlement of audits, the filing of amended tax returns or the expiration of statutes of limitations.

NOTE 15. EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
The following table is a reconciliation oftables reconcile the numerators and denominators of our basic and diluted earnings per common share calculations for our continuing operations for three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.operations. Net income available to our common shareholders is expressed in millions and weighted average shares are expressed in thousands.
Net Income Available
to Common
Shareholders
(Numerator)
Weighted
Average Shares
(Denominator)
Per-Share Amount
Net Income Available
to Common
Shareholders
(Numerator)
Weighted
Average Shares
(Denominator)
Per-Share Amount
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022   
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022Three Months Ended September 30, 2022   
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation
common shareholders for basic earnings per share
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation
common shareholders for basic earnings per share
$139 107,483 $1.29 
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation
common shareholders for basic earnings per share
$131 107,923 $1.21 
Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units, deferred compensation units and convertible instruments4,537 (0.02)
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted earnings per share$142 112,020 $1.27 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021   
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation
common shareholders for basic earnings per share
$97 106,309 $0.91 
Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units and deferred compensation units— 1,756 (0.01)
Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units, deferred compensation units, convertible instruments and dividends on preferred stockEffect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units, deferred compensation units, convertible instruments and dividends on preferred stock(4)1,965 (0.05)
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted earnings per shareNet income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted earnings per share$97 108,065 $0.90 Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted earnings per share$127 109,888 $1.16 
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Net Income Available
to Common
Shareholders
(Numerator)
Weighted
Average Shares
(Denominator)
Per-Share Amount
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021   
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation
common shareholders for basic earnings per share
$448 107,050 $4.18 
Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units and deferred compensation units— 1,711 (0.06)
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted earnings per share$448 108,761 $4.12 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022   
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation
common shareholders for basic earnings per share
$308 107,732 $2.86 
Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units, deferred compensation units, convertible instruments and dividends on preferred stock4,556 (0.05)
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted earnings per share$316 112,288 $2.81 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021   
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation
common shareholders for basic earnings per share
$665 106,727 $6.23 
Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units and deferred compensation units— 1,738 (0.10)
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted earnings per share$665 108,465 $6.13 

At March 31,During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, our convertible instruments consisted of an agreement related to the Baylor Put/Call Agreementownership interest in a Hospital Operations segment joint venture and vested RSUs issued under the USPI Management Equity Plan. See additional discussionPrior to our purchase of these instrumentsall of the shares underlying the Baylor Put/Call Agreement in June 2022, that agreement was also included in our convertible instruments. Additional information about the RSUs issued under the USPI Management Equity Plan and our purchase of the shares underlying the Baylor Put/Call Agreement is included in Notes 138 and 8,13, respectively.

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NOTE 16. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS 
Fair Value Measurements
We are required to provide additional disclosures about fair value measurements as part of our financial statements for each major category of assets and liabilities measured at fair value. In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, which generally are not applicable to non‑financial assets and liabilities. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points that are observable, such as definitive sales agreements, appraisals or established market values of comparable assets. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs are unobservable data points for the asset or liability and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability, such as internal estimates of future cash flows.

Our non‑financial assets and liabilities not permitted or required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis typically relate to long‑lived assets held and used, long‑lived assets held for sale and goodwill. At March 31, 2022, these measurements consisted of long-livedThere were no such assets held for sale, which had an estimatedor liabilities requiring fair value of $19 million and were classified as Level 2 measurements.measurement at September 30, 2022.

Financial Instruments
The fair value of our long‑term debt (except for borrowings under the Credit Agreement) is based on quoted market prices (Level 1). The inputs used to establish the fair value of the borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement are considered to be Level 2 inputs, which include inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly. At March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the estimated fair value of our long‑term debt was approximately 99.3%92.2% and 103.3%, respectively, of the carrying value of the debt.

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NOTE 17. ACQUISITIONS
Preliminary purchase price allocations (representing the fair value of the consideration conveyed) for all acquisitions made during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2022202120222021
Current assetsCurrent assets$$— Current assets$32 $20 
Property and equipmentProperty and equipment10 18 Property and equipment45 26 
Other intangible assetsOther intangible assets— Other intangible assets
GoodwillGoodwill84 25 Goodwill707 65 
Other long-term assetsOther long-term assets11 Other long-term assets84 
Previously held investments in unconsolidated affiliatesPreviously held investments in unconsolidated affiliates(18)— Previously held investments in unconsolidated affiliates(134)— 
Current liabilitiesCurrent liabilities(5)(7)Current liabilities(30)(15)
Long-term liabilitiesLong-term liabilities(19)(2)Long-term liabilities(100)(10)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiariesRedeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiaries(28)(11)Redeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiaries(134)(28)
Noncontrolling interestsNoncontrolling interests— (2)Noncontrolling interests(248)(2)
Cash paid, net of cash acquiredCash paid, net of cash acquired(40)(25)Cash paid, net of cash acquired(224)(64)
Gains on consolidationsGains on consolidations$ $ Gains on consolidations$ $1 

The goodwill generated from these transactions, the majority of which will not be deductible for income tax purposes, can be attributed to the benefits that we expect to realize from operating efficiencies and growth strategies. The goodwill total of $84$707 million from acquisitions completed during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 was recorded in our Ambulatory Care segment. Approximately $3$10 million and $4$6 million in transaction costs related to prospective and closed acquisitions were expensed during the three‑nine‑month periods ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and were included in impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition‑related costs in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

We are required to allocate the purchase prices of acquired businesses to assets acquired or liabilities assumed and, if applicable, noncontrolling interests based on their fair values. The excess of the purchase price allocated over those fair values is recorded as goodwill. The purchase price allocations for certain acquisitions completed in 2022 and 2021 are preliminary. We are in the process of assessing working capital balances, as well as obtaining and evaluating valuations of the acquired property and equipment, management contracts and other intangible assets, and noncontrolling interests. Therefore, those purchase price allocations, including goodwill, recorded in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are subject to adjustment once the assessments and valuation work are completed and evaluated. Such adjustments will be recorded as soon as practical and within the measurement period as defined by the accounting literature.

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During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we adjusted the initial purchase allocation of certain acquisitions completed in 2021 based on the results of completed valuations. These adjustments resulted in a net increase in goodwill of $11$15 million.

NOTE 18. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Our business consists of our Hospital Operations segment, our Ambulatory Care segment and our Conifer segment. The factors for determining the reportable segments include the manner in which management evaluates operating performance combined with the nature of the individual business activities.

Our Hospital Operations segment is comprised of acute care and specialty hospitals, imaging centers, ancillary outpatient facilities, micro‑hospitals and physician practices. At March 31,September 30, 2022, our subsidiaries operated 6061 hospitals serving primarily urban and suburban communities in 9 states.nine states, including the new acute care hospital we opened in September 2022 in South Carolina. On April 1, 2021, we transferred 24 imaging centers from our Ambulatory Care segment to our Hospital Operations segment. The total assets associated with the imaging centers transferred to our Hospital Operations segment constituted less than 1% of our consolidated total assets at March 31, 2021. Also in April 2021, we completed the sale of the majority of the urgent care centers then held by our Hospital Operations segment to an unaffiliated urgent care provider. In addition, we completed the sale of 5five Miami‑area hospitals and certain related operations in August 2021. In2021 and an Arizona micro‑hospital in April 2022, we completed the saleall of awhich were held by our Hospital Operations segment micro-hospital, which was classified as held for sale in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2022.segment.

Our Ambulatory Care segment is comprised of the operations of USPI. At March 31,September 30, 2022, USPI had ownership interests in 404440 ambulatory surgery centers (253(292 consolidated) and 24 surgical hospitals (8(eight consolidated) in 3435 states. In April 2021, we completed the sale of 40 urgent care centers then held by our Ambulatory Care segment to an unaffiliated urgent
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care provider and, as noted above, transferred 24 imaging centers from our Ambulatory Care segment to our Hospital Operations segment. At March 31,Effective June 30, 2022, we owned approximatelypurchased all of the shares previously held by Baylor in USPI for $406 million, which increased our ownership interest in USPI’s voting shares from 95% of USPI.to 100%. See Note 13 for additional information about this transaction.

Our Conifer segment provides revenue cycle management and value‑based care services to hospitals, health systems, physician practices, employers and other clients. At March 31,September 30, 2022, Conifer provided services to approximately 660670 Tenet and non‑Tenet hospitals and other clients nationwide. Conifer provides revenue management, administrative services and various other services to Tenet hospitals. We believe the pricing terms for these services are commercially reasonable and consistent with estimated third‑party terms. At March 31,September 30, 2022, we owned approximately 76% of Conifer Health Solutions, LLC, which is Conifer’s principal subsidiary.

The following tables include amounts for each of our reportable segments and the reconciling items necessary to agree to amounts reported in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as applicable:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021September 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Assets:Assets:  Assets:  
Hospital OperationsHospital Operations$16,236 $17,173 Hospital Operations$15,731 $17,173 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory Care9,486 9,473 Ambulatory Care10,443 9,473 
ConiferConifer928 933 Conifer902 933 
Total Total $26,650 $27,579 Total $27,076 $27,579 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Capital expenditures:Capital expenditures:  Capital expenditures:    
Hospital OperationsHospital Operations$143 $95 $405 $295 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory Care18 14 58 49 
ConiferConifer10 
Total Total $165 $111 $472 $354 
Net operating revenues:Net operating revenues:
Hospital Operations total prior to inter-segment eliminationsHospital Operations total prior to inter-segment eliminations$3,778 $4,030 $11,221 $12,072 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory Care806 666 2,315 1,976 
ConiferConifer
TenetTenet116 116 342 362 
Other clientsOther clients217 198 648 581 
Total Conifer revenuesTotal Conifer revenues333 314 990 943 
Inter-segment eliminationsInter-segment eliminations(116)(116)(342)(362)
Total Total $4,801 $4,894 $14,184 $14,629 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates:Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates:
Hospital OperationsHospital Operations$$$$11 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory Care49 43 143 130 
Total Total $51 $45 $151 $141 
Adjusted EBITDA:Adjusted EBITDA:    
Hospital OperationsHospital Operations$432 $496 $1,377 $1,379 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory Care319 274 920 826 
ConiferConifer90 85 275 261 
Total Total $841 $855 $2,572 $2,466 
Depreciation and amortization:Depreciation and amortization:    
Hospital OperationsHospital Operations$132 $110 Hospital Operations$172 $177 $518 $555 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory Care21 Ambulatory Care28 23 83 71 
ConiferConiferConifer27 28 
Total Total $155 $121 Total $209 $209 $628 $654 
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Three Months Ended
March 31,
20222021
Net operating revenues:
Hospital Operations total prior to inter-segment eliminations$3,798 $3,947 
Ambulatory Care738 646 
Conifer
Tenet115 122 
Other clients209 188 
Total Conifer revenues324 310 
Inter-segment eliminations(115)(122)
Total $4,745 $4,781 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates:
Hospital Operations$$
Ambulatory Care42 38 
Total $46 $42 
Adjusted EBITDA:
Hospital Operations$514 $434 
Ambulatory Care282 257 
Conifer92 86 
Total $888 $777 
Depreciation and amortization:
Hospital Operations$167 $190 
Ambulatory Care27 25 
Conifer
Total $203 $224 
Adjusted EBITDA$888 $777 
Depreciation and amortization(203)(224)
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs(16)(20)
Litigation and investigation costs(20)(13)
Interest expense(227)(240)
Loss from early extinguishment of debt(43)(23)
Other non-operating income, net— 10 
Net losses on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities(1)— 
Income from continuing operations, before income taxes$378 $267 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2022202120222021
Adjusted EBITDA$841 $855 $2,572 $2,466 
Depreciation and amortization(209)(209)(628)(654)
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs(24)(15)(97)(55)
Litigation and investigation costs(12)(29)(50)(64)
Interest expense(222)(227)(671)(702)
Loss from early extinguishment of debt— (20)(109)(74)
Other non-operating income, net16 
Net gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— 412 — 427 
Income from continuing operations, before income taxes$380 $774 $1,023 $1,360 
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
The purpose of this section, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”), is to provide a narrative explanation of our financial statements that enables investors to better understand our business, to enhance our overall financial disclosures, to provide the context within which our financial information may be analyzed, and to provide information about the quality of, and potential variability of, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. MD&A, which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, includes the following sections:

Management Overview
Forward-Looking Statements
Sources of Revenue for Our Hospital Operations Segment
Results of Operations
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Critical Accounting Estimates

Our business consists of our Hospital Operations and other (“Hospital Operations”) segment, our Ambulatory Care segment and our Conifer segment. Our Hospital Operations segment is comprised of acute care and specialty hospitals, imaging centers, ancillary outpatient facilities, micro‑hospitals and physician practices. At March 31,September 30, 2022, our subsidiaries operated 6061 hospitals serving primarily urban and suburban communities in nine states. In Aprilstates, including the new acute care hospital we opened in September 2022 we completed the sale of a Hospital Operations segment micro‑hospital, which was classified as held for sale in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2022.South Carolina. In April 2021, we completed the sale of the majority of the urgent care centers then held by our Hospital Operations segment to an unaffiliated urgent care provider. In addition, in August 2021, we completed the sale of five Miami‑area hospitals and certain related operations (the “Miami Hospitals”) in August 2021 and a micro-hospital located in Arizona in April 2022, all of which were held byin our Hospital Operations segment.

Our Ambulatory Care segment is comprised of the operations of USPI Holding Company, Inc. (“USPI”), in which we held an ownership interest of approximately 95% at March 31, 2022.. USPI had ownership interests in 404440 ambulatory surgery centers (each, an “ASC”) (253(292 consolidated) and 24 surgical hospitals (eight consolidated) in 3435 states at March 31,September 30, 2022. In April 2021, we completed the sale of 40 urgent care centers then held by our Ambulatory Care segment to an unaffiliated urgent care provider and transferred 24 imaging centers from our Ambulatory Care segment to our Hospital Operations segment. Effective June 30, 2022, we purchased all of the shares previously held by Baylor University Medical Center (“Baylor”) in USPI for $406 million, which increased our ownership interest in USPI’s voting shares from 95% to 100%. See Note 13 to the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section of MD&A for additional information about this transaction.

Our Conifer segment provides revenue cycle management and value‑based care services to hospitals, health systems, physician practices, employers and other clients through our Conifer Holdings, Inc. subsidiary (“Conifer”). At March 31,September 30, 2022, Conifer provided services to over 660approximately 670 Tenet and non‑Tenet hospitals and other clients nationwide. NearlyAlmost all of the services comprising the operations of our Conifer segment are provided by Conifer Health Solutions, LLC, in which we heldown an ownership interest of approximately 76% at March 31, 2022,, or by one of its direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiaries.

Unless otherwise indicated, all financial and statistical information included in MD&A relates to our continuing operations, with dollar amounts expressed in millions (except per‑adjusted‑patient‑admission and per‑adjusted‑patient‑day amounts). Continuing operations information includes the results of our same 60 hospitals operated throughout the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, as well as the Miami Hospitals sold in August 2021.2021, the Arizona micro‑hospital sold in April 2022 and the new South Carolina hospital we opened in September 2022. Continuing operations information excludes the results of our hospitals and other businesses that have been classified as discontinued operations for accounting purposes. We believe this information is useful to investors because it includes the operations of all facilities in continuing operations for the period of time that we owned and operated them, and it reflects the recent trends we are experiencing with respect to volumes, revenues and expenses. We present certain metrics as a percentage of net operating revenues because a significant portion of our operating expenses are variable. In addition, we present certain metrics on a per‑adjusted-patient‑adjusted‑admission and per‑adjusted‑patient‑day basis to show trends other than volume.

In certain cases, information presented in MD&A for our Hospital Operations segment is described as presented on a same‑hospital basis, which includes the results of our same 60 hospitals operated throughout the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, and excludes the results of the Miami Hospitals we sold in August 2021, the Arizona micro‑hospital sold in April 2022, the new South Carolina hospital opened in September 2022 and the results of our
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discontinued operations. We present same‑hospital data because we believe it provides investors with useful information regarding the performance of our current portfolio of hospitals and other operations that are comparable for the periods presented, as well as reflects recent trends we are experiencing with respect to volumes, revenues and expenses.


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MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
In October 2022, our board of directors authorized a $1 billion share repurchase program. Repurchases will be made in accordance with applicable securities laws and may be made at management's discretion from time to time in open-market or privately negotiated transactions, subject to market conditions and other factors. The share repurchase program does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common stock, and it may be suspended for periods or discontinued at any time before its scheduled expiration date of December 31, 2024.

IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
The COVID‑19 pandemic generally and, most recently, the spread of the Omicron variant continued to adversely impact all three segments of our business, as well as our patients, communities and employees, in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022. Broad economic factors resulting from the pandemic affected our patient volumes, service mix and revenue mix. In addition, the pandemic continued to have an adverse impact on certain of our operating expenses induring the first quarter ofnine months ended September 30, 2022.

Various federal legislative actions, including additional funding for the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (“PRF”), have mitigated some of the economic disruption caused by the COVID‑19 pandemic on our business. In the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, we received cash payments of $5 million and $59 million, respectively, from the PRF and state and local grant programs.programs totaling $155 million and $65 million, respectively, including $27 million received during the nine-month period in 2021 by our unconsolidated affiliates for whom we provide cash management services. We recognized $6$154 million and $31$53 million respectively, from these funds as grant income during the three-monthnine-month periods in 2022 and 2021, respectively. In addition, we recognized $6$12 million in equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2021.

Throughout MD&A, we have provided additional information on the impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic on our results of operations and the steps we have taken, and are continuing to take, in response. The ultimate extent and scope of the pandemic and its future impact on our business remain unknown. For information about risks and uncertainties related to COVID‑19 that could affect our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, see the Risk Factors section in this report and in Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 (“Annual Report”) and in Part II of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 (“Q1’22 Report”).

CYBERSECURITY INCIDENT
In April 2022, we experienced a cybersecurity incident that temporarily disrupted a subset of our acute care operations and involved the exfiltration of certain confidential company and patient information (the “Cybersecurity Incident”). During this time, our hospitals remained operational and continued to deliver patient care safely and effectively, utilizing well‑established back‑up processes. We immediately suspended user access to impacted information technology applications, executed extensive cybersecurity protection protocols, and took steps to restrict further unauthorized activity. We have restored impacted information technology operations, and we have taken additional measures to protect patient, employee and other data, as appropriate, in response to the Cybersecurity Incident.

Disruption from the Cybersecurity Incident placed pressure on our Hospital Operations segment’s volumes and earnings, particularly in April and May 2022. We currently estimate that the Cybersecurity Incident has had an adverse pre-tax impact of approximately $100 million. This estimate includes the costs to remediate the issues, lost revenues from the associated business interruption and other related expenses. We have insurance coverage and have filed a claim within our policy limits for these losses. We are unable to predict or control the timing or amount of insurance recoveries.

TRENDS AND STRATEGIES
As described above and throughout MD&A, we continue to experience negative impacts of the pandemic on our business in varying degrees. Most recently, primarily in January and February 2022, we were affected by a significant acceleration in COVID-19 cases associated with the Omicron variant. Throughout the COVID‑19 pandemic, we have taken, and we continue to take, various actions to increase our liquidity and mitigate the impact of reductions in our patient volumes and changes in our service mix and revenue mix. We have issued new senior unsecured notes and senior secured first lien notes, redeemed existing senior unsecured notes and senior secured first lien notes, including those with the highest interest rates of all of our long‑term debt, and amended our senior secured revolving credit facility (as amended to date, the “Credit Agreement”). We also decreased our employee
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headcount throughout the organization at the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and we deferred certain operating expenses that were not expected to impact our response to the pandemic. In addition, we reduced certain variable costs across the enterprise. Together with government relief packages, we believe these actions supported our ability to provide essential patient services during the initial uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and continue to do so. For further information on our liquidity, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.

We have experienced, and continue to experience, increased competition with other healthcare providers in recruiting and retaining qualified personnel responsible for the operation of our facilities. There is a limited availability of experienced medical support personnel nationwide, which drives up the wages and benefits required to recruit and retain employees. In particular, like others in the healthcare industry, we continue to experience a shortage of critical‑care nurses in certain disciplines and geographic areas. This shortage has been exacerbated by the COVID‑19 pandemic as more nurses choose to retire early, leave the workforce or take travel assignments. In some areas, the increased demand for care of COVID‑19 patients in our hospitals, as well as the direct impact of COVID‑19 on physicians, employees and their families, have put a strain on our resources and staff. Over the past two years, we have had to rely more on higher-cost temporary contract labor, which we compete with other healthcare providers to secure, and pay premiums above standard compensation for essential workers. In addition, we have experienced significant price increases in medical supplies, particularly for personal protective equipment (“PPE”), and we have encountered supply‑chain disruptions, including shortages and delays. In recent months, our Ambulatory Care segment has been impacted by shipment delays in connection with its de novo facility development efforts, which are a key part of our portfolio expansion strategy.

We believe that several key trends are also continuing to shape the demand for healthcare services: (1)(i) consumers, employers and insurers are actively seeking lower‑cost solutions and better value as they focus more on healthcare spending; (2)(ii) patient volumes are shifting from inpatient to outpatient settings due to technological advancements and demand for care that is more convenient, affordable and accessible; (3)(iii) the growing aging population requires greater chronic disease management and higher‑acuity treatment; and (4)(iv) consolidation continues across the entire healthcare sector. In addition, the healthcare industry, in general, and the acute care hospital business, in particular, have experienced significant regulatory uncertainty based, in large part, on administrative, legislative and judicial efforts to limit, alter or repeal the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (“Affordable Care Act”). It is difficult to predict the full impact of regulatory uncertainty on our future revenues and operations.

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Expansion of Our Ambulatory Care Segment—In response to these trends, we continue to focus on opportunities to expand our Ambulatory Care segment through acquisitions, organic growth, construction of new outpatient centers and strategic partnerships. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, we invested $1.315 billion and $1.200 billion, respectively, to acquire ownership interests in new ASCs, increase our ownership interests in existing facilities and invest in de novo facilities. This activity included the acquisition of ownership interests in 86 ASCs and related ambulatory support services (collectively, the “SCD Centers”) from Surgical Center Development #3 LLC and Surgical Center Development #4, LLC (“SCD”) in December 2021. USPI and SCD’s principals have also entered into a joint venture and development agreement under which USPI will have the exclusive option to partner with affiliates of SCD on the future development of a minimum target of 50 de novo ASCs over a period of five years. In addition, USPI formed a joint venture with United Urology Group and acquired ownership interests in 20 new and established ASCs and two still in development in July 2022. The ASCs, which are now managed and consolidated by USPI, are located in Arizona, Colorado and Maryland.

DuringAlso during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we acquired controlling interests in two11 ASCs, four of which are located in Florida, two in Tennessee and one in New Hampshire,each of five other states, and we acquired a noncontrolling interestinterests in an ASC located in each of New Jersey.Jersey and Texas. During the same period, we also acquired controlling ownership interests in three14 previously unconsolidated SCD Centers locatedASCs in Florida, Pennsylvania and Texas.ten geographically diverse states. In addition, we opened two new12 ASCs in various states during the first quarter of 2022 – one in Florida and one in North Carolina.nine months ended September 30, 2022. We believe USPI’s ASCs and surgical hospitals offer many advantages to patients and physicians, including greater affordability, predictability, flexibility and convenience. Moreover, due in part to advancements in medical technology and due to the lower cost structure and greater efficiencies that are attainable at a specialized outpatient site, we believe the volume and complexity of surgical cases performed in an outpatient setting will continue to increase. Historically, our outpatient services have generated significantly higher margins for us than inpatient services.

Driving Growth in Our Hospital Systems—We remain committed to better positioning our hospital systems and competing more effectively in the ever‑evolving healthcare environment by focusing on driving performance through operational effectiveness, increasing capital efficiency and margins, investing in our physician enterprise, particularly our specialist network, enhancing patient and physician satisfaction, growing our higher‑demand and higher‑acuity clinical service lines (including outpatient lines), expanding patient and physician access, and optimizing our portfolio of assets. Over the past several years, we have undertaken enterprise‑wide cost‑efficiency measures, and we continue to transition certain support
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operations offshore to our Global Business Center (“GBC”) in the Philippines. We incurred restructuring charges in conjunction with these initiatives in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, and we could incur additional such charges in the future.

We regularly review the marginal costs of providing certain services, and we manage our operations and make staffing decisions based on those analyses. We also continue to exit service lines, businesses and markets that we believe are no longer a core part of our long‑term growth strategy. In April 2021, we divested the majority of our urgent care centers operated under the MedPost and CareSpot brands by our Hospital Operations and Ambulatory Care segments. In addition, we completed the sale of the Miami Hospitals in August 2021.2021 and the sale of an Arizona micro-hospital in April 2022. We intend to further refine our portfolio of hospitals and other healthcare facilities when we believe such refinements will help us improve profitability, allocate capital more effectively in areas where we have a stronger presence, deploy proceeds on higher‑return investments across our business, enhance cash flow generation, reduce our debt and lower our ratio of debt‑to‑Adjusted EBITDA.

We also seek advantageous opportunities to grow our portfolio of hospitals and other healthcare facilities. In September 2022, we opened a new acute care hospital, Piedmont Medical Center – Fort Mill, in South Carolina. This 100‑bed facility includes an emergency department, multi‑specialty operating rooms, an intensive care unit, and labor and delivery rooms.

Improving the Customer Care Experience—As consumers continue to become more engaged in managing their health, we recognize that understanding what matters most to them and earning their loyalty is imperative to our success. As such, we have enhanced our focus on treating our patients as traditional customers by: (1)(i) establishing networks of physicians and facilities that provide convenient access to services across the care continuum; (2)(ii) expanding service lines aligned with growing community demand, including a focus on aging and chronic disease patients; (3)(iii) offering greater affordability and predictability, including simplified registration and discharge procedures, particularly in our outpatient centers; (4)(iv) improving our culture of service; and (5)(v) creating health and benefit programs, patient education and health literacy materials that are customized to the needs of the communities we serve. Through these efforts, we intend to improve the customer care experience in every part of our operations.

Driving Conifer’s Growth—Conifer serves over 660approximately 670 Tenet and non‑Tenet hospitals and other clients nationwide. In addition to providing revenue cycle management services to health systems and physicians, Conifer provides support to both providers and self‑insured employers seeking assistance with clinical integration, financial risk management and population health management. Conifer remains focused on driving growth by continuing to market and expand its revenue cycle management and value‑based care solutions businesses. We believe that our success in growing Conifer and increasing its profitability depends in part on our success in executing the following strategies: (1)(i) attracting hospitals and other healthcare providers that currently handle their revenue cycle management processes internally as new clients; (2)(ii) generating new client relationships through opportunities from USPI and Tenet’s acute care hospital acquisition and divestiture activities; (3)(iii) expanding revenue cycle management and value‑based care service offerings through organic development and small acquisitions; and (4)(iv) leveraging data from tens of millions of patient interactions for continued enhancement of the value‑based care environment to drive competitive differentiation.differentiation; and (v) maximizing opportunities through automation and offshoring to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of Conifer’s services.

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Improving Profitability—As we return to more normal operations, weWe continue to focus on growing patient volumes and effective cost management as a means to improve profitability. We believe ourOur inpatient admissions have been constrained in recent years (prior toby the COVID‑19 pandemic) bypandemic, increased competition, utilization pressure by managed care organizations, new delivery models that are designed to lower the utilization of acute care hospital services, the effects of higher patient co‑pays, co‑insurance amounts and deductibles, changing consumer behavior, and adverse economic conditions and demographic trends in certain of our markets. Our business has also been impacted by the rise in inflation and its effects on elective procedures, wages and costs. However, we also believe that emphasis on higher‑demand clinical service lines (including outpatient services), focus on expanding our ambulatory care business, cultivation of our culture of service, participation in Medicare Advantage health plans that have been experiencing higher growth rates than traditional Medicare, and contracting strategies that create shared value with payers should help us grow our patient volumes over time. We are also continuing to explore new opportunities to enhance efficiency, including further integration of enterprise‑wide centralized support functions, outsourcing additional functions unrelated to direct patient care, and reducing clinical and vendor contract variation.

Reducing Our Leverage Over Time—All of our outstanding long‑term debt has a fixed rate of interest, except for outstanding borrowings, if any, under our Credit Agreement, and the maturity dates of our notes are staggered from 20232024 through 2031. We believe that our capital structure minimizes the near‑term impact of increased interest rates, and the staggered maturities of our debt allow us to retire or refinance our debt over time. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we redeemed all $700 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 7.500% senior secured first lien notes due 2025 (the “2025 Senior Secured First Lien Notes”) in advance of their maturity date using cash on hand. In addition, we repurchased $103 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 6.750% senior unsecured notes due 2023 (the “2023 Senior Unsecured Notes”) through a series of open‑market transactions in March 2022 using cash on hand. We anticipate these redemption and repurchase transactions will reduce future annual cash interest expense payments by approximately $60 million. It remains our long‑term objective to reduce our debt and lower our ratio of debt‑to‑Adjusted EBITDA, primarily through more efficient capital allocation and Adjusted EBITDA growth, which should lower our refinancing risk.

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we redeemed or repurchased $2.572 billion aggregate principal amount of our senior secured first lien and senior unsecured notes in advance of their maturity dates. We financed these transactions using a substantial portion of the proceeds from our issuance of $2.000 billion aggregate principal amount of 6.125% senior secured first lien notes due 2030 (the “2030 Senior Secured First Lien Notes”) and cash on hand.

Our ability to execute on our strategies and respond to the aforementioned trends is subject to the extent and scope of the impact on our operations of the COVID‑19 pandemic, as well as a number of other risks and uncertainties, all of which may cause actual results to be materially different from expectations. For information about risks and uncertainties that could affect our results of operations, see the Forward‑Looking Statements and Risk Factors sectionssection in this report, as well asPart II of our Q1’22 Report and the Forward‑Looking Statements and Risk Factors sections in Part I of our Annual Report.


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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS—OVERVIEW
The following tables presenttable presents selected operating statistics for our Hospital Operations and Ambulatory Care segments as well as consolidated net operating revenues and expenses, in each case for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 on a continuing operations basis.basis:
Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
Three Months Ended September 30,Increase
(Decrease)
Selected Operating Statistics20222021
20222021Increase
(Decrease)
Hospital Operations – hospitals and related outpatient facilities:Hospital Operations – hospitals and related outpatient facilities:Hospital Operations – hospitals and related outpatient facilities:
Number of hospitals (at end of period)Number of hospitals (at end of period)60 65 (5)(1)Number of hospitals (at end of period)61 60 (1)
Total admissionsTotal admissions127,781 147,674 (13.5)%Total admissions133,125 145,412 (8.4)%
Adjusted patient admissions(2)
227,933 251,017 (9.2)%
Adjusted admissions(2)
Adjusted admissions(2)
247,394 256,250 (3.5)%
Paying admissions (excludes charity and uninsured)Paying admissions (excludes charity and uninsured)121,802 138,756 (12.2)%Paying admissions (excludes charity and uninsured)126,603 136,932 (7.5)%
Charity and uninsured admissionsCharity and uninsured admissions5,979 8,918 (33.0)%Charity and uninsured admissions6,522 8,480 (23.1)%
Admissions through emergency departmentAdmissions through emergency department97,688 112,730 (13.3)%Admissions through emergency department100,181 110,675 (9.5)%
Emergency department visits, outpatientEmergency department visits, outpatient500,659 450,830 11.1 %Emergency department visits, outpatient546,474 578,734 (5.6)%
Total emergency department visitsTotal emergency department visits598,347 563,560 6.2 %Total emergency department visits646,655 689,409 (6.2)%
Total surgeriesTotal surgeries84,166 89,964 (6.4)%Total surgeries86,502 91,707 (5.7)%
Patient days — totalPatient days — total705,627 797,489 (11.5)%Patient days — total681,964 770,175 (11.5)%
Adjusted patient days(2)
Adjusted patient days(2)
1,224,824 1,321,890 (7.3)%
Adjusted patient days(2)
1,221,812 1,335,610 (8.5)%
Average length of stay (days)Average length of stay (days)5.52 5.40 2.2 %Average length of stay (days)5.12 5.30 (3.4)%
Average licensed bedsAverage licensed beds15,395 17,178 (10.4)%Average licensed beds15,443 15,987 (3.4)%
Utilization of licensed beds(3)
Utilization of licensed beds(3)
50.9 %51.6 %(0.7)%(1)
Utilization of licensed beds(3)
48.0 %52.4 %(4.4)%(1)
Total visitsTotal visits1,373,188 1,401,217 (2.0)%Total visits1,398,610 1,523,726 (8.2)%
Paying visits (excludes charity and uninsured)Paying visits (excludes charity and uninsured)1,295,352 1,312,096 (1.3)%Paying visits (excludes charity and uninsured)1,317,103 1,423,068 (7.4)%
Charity and uninsured visitsCharity and uninsured visits77,836 89,121 (12.7)%Charity and uninsured visits81,507 100,658 (19.0)%
Ambulatory Care:Ambulatory Care:Ambulatory Care:
Total consolidated facilities (at end of period)Total consolidated facilities (at end of period)261 291 (30)(1)Total consolidated facilities (at end of period)300 232 68 (1)
Total consolidated casesTotal consolidated cases300,320 553,814 (45.8)%Total consolidated cases332,507 295,026 12.7 %
(1)The change is the difference between the 2022 and 2021 amounts shown.
(2)Adjusted admissions/patient admissions/days represents actual admissions/patient admissions/days adjusted to include outpatient services provided by facilities in our Hospital Operations segment by multiplying actual admissions/patient admissions/days by the sum of gross inpatient revenues and outpatient revenues and dividing the results by gross inpatient revenues.
(3)Utilization of licensed beds represents patient days divided by the number of days in the period divided by average licensed beds.

Total admissions decreased by 19,893,12,287, or 13.5%8.4%, and total surgeries decreased by 5,798,5,205, or 6.4%5.7%, in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2021. Total emergency department visits increaseddecreased by 6.2% induring the three months ended March 31,three‑month period in 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The decreaseThese decreases in our patient volumes from continuing operations in the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 iswere primarily attributable to the sale of the Miami Hospitals in August 2021 and lower COVID‑related volumes during the impact ofthree months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the Omicron variantsame period in January and February 2022.the prior year. The decreaseincrease in Ambulatory Care total consolidated cases of 45.8%12.7% in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, as compared to the same period in 2021, is primarily dueattributable to incremental case volume from our recently acquired facilities, partially offset by the divestitureclosure of USPI’s urgent care centerstwo ASCs, the impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic, and the realignmentadverse impact of its imaging centers underHurricane Ian on certain of our Hospital Operations segment.
Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
Revenues20222021
Net operating revenues:
Hospital Operations prior to inter-segment eliminations$3,798 $3,947 (3.8)%
Ambulatory Care738 646 14.2 %
Conifer324 310 4.5 %
Inter-segment eliminations(115)(122)(5.7)%
Total$4,745 $4,781 (0.8)%
facilities located in Florida and South Carolina.

Net operating revenues decreased by $36 million, or 0.8%, in the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, primarily due to the loss of revenues in our Hospital Operations segment from the Miami Hospitals we sold in August 2021 and lower patient volumes, partially offset by high patient acuity and negotiated commercial rate increases. On a consolidated basis, this decrease was further offset by higher revenues from our Ambulatory Care segment, which increased $92 million, or 14.2%, in the 2022 period compared to the 2021 period. This increase was largely driven by our
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The following table presents net operating revenues by segment on a continuing operations basis:
Three Months Ended September 30,Increase
(Decrease)
Revenues20222021
Net operating revenues:
Hospital Operations prior to inter-segment eliminations$3,778 $4,030 (6.3)%
Ambulatory Care806 666 21.0 %
Conifer333 314 6.1 %
Inter-segment eliminations(116)(116)— %
Total$4,801 $4,894 (1.9)%

Consolidated net operating revenues decreased by $93 million, or 1.9%, in the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease of $252 million, or 6.3%, in our Hospital Operations segment’s net operating revenues prior to inter‑segment eliminations for the three‑month period in 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 was primarily due to the sale of the Miami Hospitals in August 2021, lower overall patient volumes and decreased COVID‑related patient acuity, partially offset by negotiated commercial rate increases. Net operating revenues in our Ambulatory Care segment increased $140 million, or 21.0%, in the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. This increase was mainly driven by our recently acquired ASCs higher surgical patient volumes and negotiated commercial rate increases.increases, partially offset by the closure of two ASCs and the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and Hurricane Ian on case volumes. Conifer’s revenues, net of intercompanyinter‑segment eliminations, increased $21$19 million, or 11.2%9.6%, during the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, primarily due to contractual rate increases and new business expansion. During the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, we recognized net grant income of $6$54 million and $31$3 million, respectively, which amounts are not included in net operating revenues.

Our accounts receivable days outstanding (“AR Days”) from continuing operations were 58.958.0 days at March 31,September 30, 2022 and 57.0 days at December 31, 2021, primarily due to the approval of Texas’ Medicaid supplemental funding programs by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) at the end of March 2022, which resulted in our recognition of $57 million of revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2022. This revenue has not yet been collected given that the programs were just recently approved.2021. Our AR Days target is less than 55 days. AR Days are calculated as our accounts receivable from continuing operations on the last date in the quarter divided by our net operating revenues from continuing operations for the quarter ended on that date divided by the number of days in the quarter. This calculation includes our Hospital Operations segment’s contract assets. The AR Days calculation excludes (i) urgent care centers operated under the MedPost and CareSpot brands, which we divested in April 2021, (ii) the Miami Hospitals, which we sold in August 2021, and (iii) our California provider fee revenues.
 Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
Selected Operating Expenses20222021
Hospital Operations:
Salaries, wages and benefits$1,820 $1,857 (2.0)%
Supplies583 646 (9.8)%
Other operating expenses774 916 (15.5)%
Total$3,177 $3,419 (7.1)%
Ambulatory Care:   
Salaries, wages and benefits$194 $174 11.5 %
Supplies201 157 28.0 %
Other operating expenses105 103 1.9 %
Total$500 $434 15.2 %
Conifer:   
Salaries, wages and benefits$168 $170 (1.2)%
Supplies— %
Other operating expenses63 53 18.9 %
Total$232 $224 3.6 %
Total:   
Salaries, wages and benefits$2,182 $2,201 (0.9)%
Supplies785 804 (2.4)%
Other operating expenses942 1,072 (12.1)%
Total$3,909 $4,077 (4.1)%
Rent/lease expense(1):
   
Hospital Operations$70 $77 (9.1)%
Ambulatory Care27 27 — %
Conifer— %
Total$100 $107 (6.5)%

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The following table provides information about selected operating expenses by segment on a continuing operations basis:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Increase
(Decrease)
20222021
Hospital Operations:
Salaries, wages and benefits$1,847 $1,872 (1.3)%
Supplies598 656 (8.8)%
Other operating expenses841 894 (5.9)%
Total$3,286 $3,422 (4.0)%
Ambulatory Care:   
Salaries, wages and benefits$208 $169 23.1 %
Supplies218 170 28.2 %
Other operating expenses110 97 13.4 %
Total$536 $436 22.9 %
Conifer:   
Salaries, wages and benefits$175 $168 4.2 %
Supplies— %
Other operating expenses67 60 11.7 %
Total$243 $229 6.1 %
Total:   
Salaries, wages and benefits$2,230 $2,209 1.0 %
Supplies817 827 (1.2)%
Other operating expenses1,018 1,051 (3.1)%
Total$4,065 $4,087 (0.5)%
Rent/lease expense(1):
   
Hospital Operations$73 $73 — %
Ambulatory Care29 24 20.8 %
Conifer— %
Total$104 $99 5.1 %
(1) Included in other operating expenses.
 Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
Selected Operating Expenses per Adjusted Patient Admission20222021
Hospital Operations:
Salaries, wages and benefits per adjusted patient admission(1)
$7,985 $7,396 8.0 %
Supplies per adjusted patient admission(1)
2,557 2,571 (0.5)%
Other operating expenses per adjusted patient admission(1)
3,393 3,647 (7.0)%
Total per adjusted patient admission$13,935 $13,614 2.4 %

The following table provides information about our Hospital Operations segment’s selected operating expenses per adjusted admission on a continuing operations basis:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Increase
(Decrease)
20222021
Hospital Operations:
Salaries, wages and benefits per adjusted admission(1)
$7,464 $7,308 2.1 %
Supplies per adjusted admission(1)
2,418 2,563 (5.7)%
Other operating expenses per adjusted admission(1)
3,396 3,488 (2.6)%
Total per adjusted admission$13,278 $13,359 (0.6)%
(1)
Adjusted patient admissions represents actual patient admissions adjusted to include outpatient services provided by facilities in our Hospital Operations segment by multiplying actual patient admissions by the sum of gross inpatient revenues and outpatient revenues and dividing the results by gross inpatient revenues.
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Salaries, wages and benefits expense for our Hospital Operations segment decreased $37$25 million, or 2.0%1.3%, in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. This change was primarily attributable to the sale of the Miami Hospitals in August 2021, lower employee benefits costs, and our continued focus on cost-efficiency measures, partially offset by increased contract labor costs, increased overtime expense and annual merit increases for certain of our employees. On a per‑adjusted‑patient‑admission basis, salaries, wages and benefits increased 8.0%2.1% in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021, primarily due to the expenses mentioned above.September 30, 2021.

Supplies expense for our Hospital Operations segment decreased $63$58 million, or 9.8%8.8%, during the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2021. This decrease was primarily attributable to the sale of the Miami Hospitals, the decrease inlower patient volumes and COVID-related patient acuity during the 2022 period, and our cost-efficiency measures,cost‑efficiency measures. These factors were partially offset by increased costs for certain supplies as a resultdue to COVID-19, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemicgeneral market conditions and high patient acuity.inflation. On a per‑adjusted‑patient‑admission basis, supplies expense decreased 0.5%by 5.7% in
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the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2021 primarily due to the cost-efficiency measures described above.aforementioned factors.

Other operating expenses for our Hospital Operations segment decreased $142$53 million, or 15.5%5.9%, in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily attributable to the sale of the Miami Hospitals in August 2021, a gain of $69 million realized fromrecognized on the sale of several medical office buildingsa portion of an interest in certain assets of $45 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 period and our continued focus on cost-efficiency measures. On a per‑adjusted‑patient‑admission basis, other operating expenses in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 decreased 7.0%by 2.6% compared to the same period in 2021, primarily due to the items mentioned above.2021.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES OVERVIEW
Cash and cash equivalents were $1.405$1.208 billion at March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to $2.364$1.351 billion at December 31, 2021.June 30, 2022.

Significant cash flow items in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 included:

Net cash provided by operating activities before interest, taxes, discontinued operations, and restructuring charges, acquisition‑related costs, and litigation costs and settlements of $458$568 million (including $5$51 million from federal and state grants);

Proceeds from the salesales of facilitiesmarketable securities, long-term investments and other assets of $148$52 million;

Debt paymentsPurchases of $879 million, including the redemptionmarketable securities and equity investments of all $700 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2025 Senior Secured First Lien Notes and the repurchase of $103 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes;$27 million;

Interest payments of $166$185 million;

Capital expenditures of $155$165 million;

$135122 million of distributions paid to noncontrolling interests;

Payments totaling $56$59 million for restructuring charges, acquisition‑related costs, and litigation costs and settlements; and

$40158 million of payments for purchases of businesses or joint venture interests.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $228$662 million in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to $534 million$1.211 billion in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2021. Key factors contributing to the change between the 2022 and 2021 periods include the following:

$194880 million of Medicare advances recouped or repaid in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to no amounts$326 million recouped during the same period in 2021;

$5155 million of cash received from grants in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to $31$38 million received in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2021;

31Lower interest payments of $63 million in the 2022 period;

Table
Higher income tax payments of Contents$94 million in the 2022 period;

Decreased net cash receipts of $12$94 million related to supplemental Medicaid programs in California and Texas; and

The timing of other working capital items.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report includes “forward‑looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended. All statements, other than statements of historical or present facts, that address activities, events, outcomes, business strategies and other matters that we plan, expect, intend, assume, believe, budget, predict, forecast, project, target, estimate or anticipate (and other similar expressions) will, should or may occur in the future are forward‑looking statements, including (but not limited to) disclosure regarding (i) the impact of the
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COVID-19 pandemic, (ii) our future earnings, financial position, and operational and strategic initiatives, and (iii) developments in the healthcare industry. Forward‑looking statements represent management’s expectations, based on currently available information, as to the outcome and timing of future events, but, by their nature, address matters that are indeterminate. They involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which we are unable to predict or control, that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by forward‑looking statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the risks described in the Forward‑Looking Statements and Risk Factors sections in Part I of our Annual Report and the Risk Factors section in Part II of this report.our Q1’22 Report.

When considering forward‑looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements in our Annual Report and in this report. Should one or more of the risks and uncertainties described in these reports occur, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results and plans could differ materially from those expressed in any forward‑looking statement. We specifically disclaim any obligation to update any information contained in a forward‑looking statement or any forward‑looking statement in its entirety except as required by law.

All forward‑looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary information.

SOURCES OF REVENUE FOR OUR HOSPITAL OPERATIONS SEGMENT
We earn revenues for patient services from a variety of sources, primarily managed care payers and the federal Medicare program, as well as state Medicaid programs, indemnity‑based health insurance companies and uninsured patients (that is, patients who do not have health insurance and are not covered by some other form of third‑party arrangement).

The following table presents the sources of net patient service revenues less implicit price concessions for our hospitals and related outpatient facilities, expressed as percentages of net patient service revenues less implicit price concessions from all sources:
Net Patient Service Revenues Less Implicit Price Concessions from:Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
20222021
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
2022202120222021
MedicareMedicare17.6 %18.8 %(1.2)%Medicare16.6 %16.6 %— %17.2 %18.0 %(0.8)%
MedicaidMedicaid5.5 %7.1 %(1.6)%Medicaid7.4 %9.0 %(1.6)%6.7 %7.9 %(1.2)%
Managed care(2)
Managed care(2)
71.1 %68.0 %3.1 %
Managed care(2)
69.7 %69.2 %0.5 %70.1 %68.1 %2.0 %
UninsuredUninsured1.1 %1.3 %(0.2)%Uninsured1.0 %0.9 %0.1 %1.1 %1.3 %(0.2)%
Indemnity and otherIndemnity and other4.7 %4.8 %(0.1)%Indemnity and other5.3 %4.3 %1.0 %4.9 %4.7 %0.2 %
(1)The change is the difference between the 2022 and 2021 percentages presented.
(2)Includes Medicare and Medicaid managed care programs.
    
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Our payer mix on an admissions basis for our hospitals, and related outpatient facilities, expressed as a percentage of total admissions from all sources, is presented below:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
Admissions from:Admissions from:2022
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
2022
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
Admissions from:Admissions from:20222021
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
Admissions from:
MedicareMedicare21.5 %21.4 %Medicare20.2 %19.6 %0.6 %20.8 %20.6 %0.2 %
MedicaidMedicaid5.6 %5.7 %(0.1)%Medicaid5.5 %6.1 %(0.6)%5.6 %5.8 %(0.2)%
Managed care(2)
Managed care(2)
64.8 %63.7 %1.1 %
Managed care(2)
66.4 %65.2 %1.2 %65.7 %64.4 %1.3 %
Charity and uninsuredCharity and uninsured4.7 %6.0 %(1.3)%Charity and uninsured4.9 %5.8 %(0.9)%4.8 %6.0 %(1.2)%
Indemnity and otherIndemnity and other3.4 %3.2 %0.2 %Indemnity and other3.0 %3.3 %(0.3)%3.1 %3.2 %(0.1)%
(1)The change is the difference between the 2022 and 2021 percentages presented.
(2)Includes Medicare and Medicaid managed care programs.

    GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
CMSThe Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) is an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) that administers a number of government programs authorized by federal law; it is the single largest payer of healthcare services in the United States. Medicare is a federally funded health insurance program primarily for individuals 65 years of age and older, as well as some younger people with certain disabilities and conditions, and is provided without
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regard to income or assets. Medicaid is co‑administered by the states and is jointly funded by the federal government and state governments. Medicaid is the nation’s main public health insurance program for people with low incomes and is the largest source of health coverage in the United States. The Children’s Health Insurance Program (“CHIP”), which is also co‑administered by the states and jointly funded, provides health coverage to children in families with incomes too high to qualify for Medicaid, but too low to afford private coverage. Unlike Medicaid, the CHIP is limited in duration and requires the enactment of reauthorizing legislation. Funding for the CHIP has been reauthorized through federal fiscal year (“FFY”) 2027.

Medicare
Medicare offers its beneficiaries different ways to obtain their medical benefits. One option, the Original Medicare Plan (which includes “Part A” and “Part B”), is a fee‑for‑service (“FFS”) payment system. The other option, called Medicare Advantage (sometimes called “Part C” or “MA Plans”), includes health maintenance organizations (“HMOs”), preferred provider organizations (“PPOs”), private FFS Medicare special needs plans and Medicare medical savings account plans. Our total net patient service revenues from continuing operations of the hospitals and related outpatient facilities in our Hospital Operations segment for services provided to patients enrolled in the Original Medicare Plan were $619$575 million and $688$616 million for the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $1.773 billion and $2.001 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

A general description of the types of payments we receive for services provided to patients enrolled in the Original Medicare Plan is provided in our Annual Report. Recent regulatory and legislative updates to the terms of these payment systems and their estimated effect on our revenues can be found under “Regulatory and Legislative Changes” below.

Medicaid
Medicaid programs and the corresponding reimbursement methodologies vary from state‑to‑state and from year‑to‑year. Even prior to the COVID‑19 pandemic, several states in which we operate faced budgetary challenges that resulted in reduced Medicaid funding levels to hospitals and other providers. Because most states must operate with balanced budgets, and the Medicaid program is generally a significant portion of a state’s budget, states can be expected to adopt or consider adopting future legislation designed to reduce or not increase their Medicaid expenditures. In addition, some states delay issuing Medicaid payments to providers to manage state expenditures. As an alternative means of funding provider payments, many of the states in which we operate have adopted supplemental payment programs authorized under the Social Security Act. Continuing pressure on state budgets and other factors, including legislative and regulatory changes, could result in future reductions to Medicaid payments, payment delays or changes to Medicaid supplemental payment programs. Federal government denials or delayed approvals of waiver applications or extension requests by the states in which we operate could materially impact our Medicaid funding levels.

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Estimated revenues under various state Medicaid programs, including state‑funded Medicaid managed care programs, constituted approximately 18.8%19.4% and 16.9%18.2% of total net patient service revenues less implicit price concessions of our acute care hospitals and related outpatient facilities for the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We also receive disproportionate share hospital (“DSH”) and other supplemental revenues under various state Medicaid programs. For the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, our total Medicaid revenues attributable to DSH and other supplemental revenues were approximately $119$467 million and $180$631 million, respectively. The decrease between the two three‑nine‑month periods was primarily attributable to $57$101 million of assessments we recognized related to the Texas Comprehensive Hospital Increase Reimbursement Program (“CHIRP”) following its approval in 2022. During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we also recognized $114$203 million of revenue related to CHIRP that is included in Managed Medicaid revenue rather than the DSH and other supplemental revenues classification due to the structure of the program, is included in Managed Medicaid revenue.program.

Total Medicaid and Managed Medicaid net patient service revenues from continuing operations recognized by the hospitals and related outpatient facilities in our Hospital Operations segment for the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $659 million$1.996 billion and $617 million,$2.023 billion, respectively. During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, Medicaid and Managed Medicaid revenues comprised 29%35% and 71%65%, respectively, of our Medicaid‑related net patient service revenues from continuing operations recognized by the hospitals and related outpatient facilities in our Hospital Operations segment. All Medicaid and Managed Medicaid patient service revenues are presented net of provider taxes or assessments paid by our hospitals, which are reported as an offset reduction to FFS Medicaid revenue.

Because we cannot predict what actions the federal government or the states may take under existing or future legislation and/or regulatory changes to address budget gaps, deficits, Medicaid expansion, provider fee programs or Medicaid Section 1115 waivers, we are unable to assess the effect that any such legislation or regulatory action might have on our business; however, the impact on our future financial position, results of operations or cash flows could be material.

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Regulatory and Legislative Changes
Material updates to the information set forth in our Annual Report about the Medicare and Medicaid payment systems, as well as other government programs impacting our business, are provided below.

Proposed Payment and Policy Changes to the Medicare Inpatient Prospective Payment Systems—Section 1886(d) of the Social Security Act requires CMS to update Medicare inpatient FFS payment rates for hospitals reimbursed under the inpatient prospective payment systems (“IPPS”) annually. The updates generally become effective October 1, the beginning of the federal fiscal year (“FFY”).FFY. In AprilAugust 2022, CMS issued proposedfinal changes to the Hospital Inpatient Prospective Payment Systems for Acute Care Hospitals and Fiscal Year 2023 Rates (“ProposedFinal IPPS Rule”). The ProposedFinal IPPS Rule includes the following proposed payment and policy changes:

A market basket increase of 3.1%4.1% for Medicare severity‑adjusted diagnosis‑related group (“MS‑DRG”) operating payments for hospitals reporting specified quality measure data and that are meaningful users of electronic health record technology; CMS also proposedfinalized a 0.4%0.3% multifactor productivity reduction required by the Affordable Care Act and a 0.5% increase required by the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act that together result in a net operating payment update of 3.2%4.3% before budget neutrality adjustments;

Changes to the hospital Value‑Based Purchasing (“VBP”) and Hospital-Acquired Condition (“HAC”) programs for FFY 2023 due to the impact of the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency, including the implementation of a special scoring methodology for the VBP program that results in each hospital receiving a value‑based incentive payment amount equal to its 2% reduction to the operating standardized amount; and suppression of all measures in the HAC reduction program resulting in no hospitals being penalized for FFY 2023;

An increase in the cost outlier threshold from $30,988 to $43,214;$38,859;

A 1.63%2.36% net increase in the capital federal MS‑DRG rate; and

Updates to the three factors used to determine the amount and distribution of Medicare uncompensated care disproportionate share hospital (“UC‑DSH”) payments.

According to CMS, the combined impact of the proposed payment and policy changes in the ProposedFinal IPPS Rule for operating costs will yield an average 1.4%2.6% increase in Medicare operating MS‑DRG FFS payments for hospitals in urban areas and an average 2.3%3.3% increase in such payments for proprietary hospitals in FFY 2023. We estimate that all of the proposedfinal payment and policy changes affecting operating MS‑DRG and UC‑DSH payments will result in an estimated 2.3%3.7% increase in
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our annual Medicare FFS IPPS payments, which yields an estimated increase of approximately $45$55 million. Because of the uncertainty associated with various factors that may influence our future IPPS payments by individual hospital, including legislative, regulatory or legal actions, admission volumes, length of stay and case mix, we cannot provide any assurances regarding our estimate of the impact of the payment and policy changes.

Proposed Payment and Policy Changes to the Medicare Outpatient Prospective Payment and Ambulatory Surgery Center Payment Systems—In July 2022, CMS released proposed policy changes and payment rates for the Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (“OPPS”) and Ambulatory Surgical Center Payment System for calendar year (“CY”) 2023 (“Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule”). The Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule includes the following proposed payment and policy changes:

An estimated net increase of 2.7% for the OPPS rates based on an estimated market basket increase of 3.1%, reduced by a multifactor productivity adjustment required by the Affordable Care Act of 0.4%;

Removal of 10 services from the Inpatient Only List (which is the list of procedures that must be performed on an inpatient basis) after determining such services meet established criteria for removal;

Establishment of an exemption for rural Sole Community Hospitals from the site-neutral Medicare reduced payment rate for clinic visits furnished in exempt off-campus, provider-based departments and payment for such visits at the full OPPS rate; and

A 2.7% increase to the Ambulatory Surgical Center payment rates.

In addition, the Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule acknowledges that additional changes would be forthcoming with respect to CMS’ 340B program, which allows certain hospitals (i.e., only nonprofit organizations with specific federal designations and/or funding) (“340B Hospitals”) to purchase drugs at discounted rates from drug manufacturers (“340B Drugs”). In the CY 2018
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final rule regarding OPPS payment and policy changes, CMS reduced the payment for 340B Drugs from the average sales price (“ASP”) plus 6% to the ASP minus 22.5% and made a corresponding budget‑neutral increase to payments to all hospitals for other drugs and services reimbursed under the OPPS (the “340B Payment Adjustment”). CMS retained the same 340B Payment Adjustment in the final rules regarding OPPS payment and policy changes for CYs 2019 through 2022. Certain hospital associations and hospitals commenced litigation challenging CMS’ authority to impose the 340B Payment Adjustment for CYs 2018, 2019 and 2020. Following the initial court decisions and a series of appeals, the U.S. Supreme Court (the “Supreme Court”) unanimously ruled in June 2022 that the decision to impose the 340B Payment Adjustment in CYs 2018 and 2019 was unlawful. The case was remanded to the lower courts to determine the appropriate remedy, and it is expected that 340B Hospitals will be permitted to reclaim at least some portion of the 340B payments that were previously withheld. The Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule states that CMS did not have sufficient time to account for the Supreme Court decision in the CY 2023 proposed rates and budget neutrality calculations; however, CMS has indicated that it does anticipate applying the ASP plus 6% for 340B Drugs in the CY 2023 final rule, in lieu of the current payment policy of ASP minus 22.5%. CMS is still evaluating how to apply the Supreme Court ruling to the prior cost years.

CMS projects that the combined impact of the proposed payment and policy changes in the Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule under the current 340B payment policy (of ASP minus 22.5%) will yield an average 2.9% increase in Medicare FFS OPPS payments for hospitals in urban areas and an average 3.5% increase in Medicare FFS OPPS payments for proprietary hospitals. Based on CMS’ estimates under the current 340B payment policy, the projected annual impact of the payment and policy changes in the Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule on our hospitals is an increase to Medicare FFS hospital outpatient revenues of approximately $21 million, which represents an increase of approximately 3.7%.

However, CMS projects that the combined impact of the proposed payment and policy changes in the Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule under the anticipated final 340B payment policy (of ASP plus 6%) will yield an average 4% increase in Medicare FFS OPPS payments for hospitals in urban areas and an average 0.5% increase in Medicare FFS OPPS payments for proprietary hospitals. Based on CMS’ estimates under the anticipated final 340B payment policy, the projected annual impact of the payment and policy changes in the Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule on our hospitals is an increase to Medicare FFS hospital outpatient revenues of approximately $3 million, which represents an increase of approximately 0.5%.

Because of the uncertainty associated with various factors that may influence our future OPPS payments, including legislative or legal actions, volumes and case mix, as well as potential changes to the proposed rule, we cannot provide any assurances regarding our estimate of the impact of the proposed payment and policy changes. In addition, it remains unclear at this time how CMS will finance any retroactive payments for 340B payments that were previously withheld given that the original policy was budget‑neutral and HHS already redistributed the savings. We cannot predict the remedy that will be imposed, the timing thereof, or what further actions CMS or Congress might take with respect to the 340B program; however, it is possible that reversal of the 340B Payment Adjustments could have an adverse effect on our future net operating revenues and cash flows.

Proposed IPPSPayment and Policy Changes to the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule—In July 2022, CMS released the CY 2023 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (“MPFS”) Proposed Rule (“MPFS Proposed Rule”). The MPFS Proposed Rule includes updates to payment policies, payment rates and other provisions for services reimbursed under the MPFS from January 1 through December 31, 2023. Under the MPFS Proposed Rule, the CY 2023 conversion factor, which is the base rate that is used to convert relative units into payment rates, would be reduced from $34.61 to $33.08, due in part to the expiration of the one-time 3% payment increase provided for in CY 2022 by the Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts Act (the “Sequester Cuts Act”), as well as budget neutrality rules. This change would result in an annual reduction of approximately $8 million to our FFS MPFS revenues. Because of the uncertainty associated with various factors that may influence our future MPFS payments, including legislative, regulatory or legal actions, volumes and case mix, as well as potential changes to the MPFS Proposed Rule, we cannot provide any assurances regarding our estimate of the impact of the proposed payment and policy changes.

Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund—During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, our Hospital Operations and Ambulatory Care segments together recognized a total of $6$138 million and $24$40 million, respectively, of PRF grant income associated with lost revenues and COVID‑related costs. WeOur Hospital Operations segment also recognized $6$16 million of PRF grant income from our unconsolidated affiliates during the three months ended March 31, 2021. In addition to PRF grant income, our Hospital Operations and Ambulatory Care segments also recognized $7$13 million of grant income from state and local grant programs during the threesame nine‑month periods in 2022 and 2021, respectively. In addition, we recognized $12 million of grant income through our unconsolidated affiliates during the nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2021. Grant income recognized by our Hospital Operations and Ambulatory Care segments is presented in grant income, and grant income recognized through our unconsolidated affiliates is presented in equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, in each case in theour condensed consolidated statements of operations. We cannot predict whether additional distributions of grant funds will be authorized, and we cannot provide assurances regarding the amount of grant income, if any, to be recognized in the future.
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Medicare and Medicaid Payment Policy Changes—The federally mandated 2% sequestration reduction on Medicare FFS and Medicare Advantage payments to hospitals, physicians and other providers was suspended effective May 1, 2020 through December 31, 2021. The Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts Act, (the “Sequester Cuts Act”), which was signed into law in December 2021, extended the 2% Medicare sequestration moratorium through March 31, 2022, and adjusted the sequestration to 1% for the period April 1, 2022 through June 30, 2022, after which2022. Because further legislation was not passed, the full 2% reduction will bewas restored unless further legislation is passed.effective July 1, 2022. The impact of the Sequester Cuts Act on our operations was an increase of approximately $20$39 million of revenues in the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2022, and we estimate its impact forafter which the full year ending December 31, 2022 will be an increase of approximately $30 million of revenues.sequestration was fully reinstated. Because of the uncertainty associated with various factors that may influence our future Medicare and Medicaid payments, including future legislative, legal or regulatory actions, or changes in volumes and case mix, there is a risk that actual payments received under, or the ultimate impact of, these programs will differ materially from our expectations.

Significant Litigation
340B Litigation
The CMS 340B program allows certain hospitals (i.e., only nonprofit organizations with specific federal designations and/or funding) (“340B Hospitals”) to purchase drugs at discounted rates from drug manufacturers (“340B Drugs”). In the final rule regarding Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (“OPPS”) payment and policy changes for calendar year (“CY”) 2018, CMS reduced the payment for 340B Drugs from the average sales price (“ASP”) plus 6% to the ASP minus 22.5% and made a corresponding budget‑neutral increase to payments to all hospitals for other drugs and services reimbursed under the OPPS (the “340B Payment Adjustment”). In the final rules regarding OPPS payment and policy changes for CYs 2019 through 2022, CMS continued the 340B Payment Adjustment. Certain hospital associations and hospitals commenced litigation challenging CMS’ authority to impose the 340B Payment Adjustment for CYs 2018, 2019 and 2020. Previously, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia (the “District Court”) held that the adoption of the 340B Payment Adjustment in the CYs 2018 and 2019 OPPS Final Rules exceeded CMS’ statutory authority by reducing drug reimbursement rates for 340B Hospitals. In July 2020, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (the “Appeals Court”) reversed the District Court’s holding, finding that HHS’ decision to reduce the payment rate for 340B Drugs was based on a reasonable interpretation of the Medicare statute. The Appeals Court subsequently denied the 340B Hospitals’ petition for a rehearing. The 340B Hospitals filed a timely petition asking the U.S. Supreme Court (“Supreme Court”) to reverse the Appeals Court’s decision and, in December 2021, the Supreme Court heard oral arguments in the case. We cannot predict the timing or outcome of the Supreme Court’s decision or what further actions CMS or Congress might take with respect to the 340B program; however, a reversal of the current payment policy and return to the prior 340B payment methodology could have an adverse effect on our net operating revenues and cash flows.

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PRIVATE INSURANCE
Managed Care
We currently have thousands of managed care contracts with various HMOs and PPOs. HMOs generally maintain a full‑service healthcare delivery network comprised of physician, hospital, pharmacy and ancillary service providers that HMO members must access through an assigned “primary care” physician. The member’s care is then managed by his or her primary care physician and other network providers in accordance with the HMO’s quality assurance and utilization review guidelines so that appropriate healthcare can be efficiently delivered in the most cost‑effective manner. HMOs typically provide reduced benefits or reimbursement (or none at all) to their members who use non‑contracted healthcare providers for non‑emergency care.

PPOs generally offer limited benefits to members who use non‑contracted healthcare providers. PPO members who use contracted healthcare providers receive a preferred benefit, typically in the form of lower co‑pays, co‑insurance or deductibles. As employers and employees have demanded more choice, managed care plans have developed hybrid products that combine elements of both HMO and PPO plans, including high‑deductible healthcare plans that may have limited benefits, but cost the employee less in premiums.

The amount of our managed care net patient service revenues, including Medicare and Medicaid managed care programs, from our hospitals and related outpatient facilities during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $2.495$7.227 billion and $2.480$7.592 billion, respectively. Our top 10 managed care payers generated 61%62% of our managed care net patient service revenues for the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022. During the same period, national payers generated 41%43% of our managed care net patient service revenues; the remainder came from regional or local payers. At March 31,both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, 68% and 67%, respectively, of our net accounts receivable for our Hospital Operations segment were due from managed care payers.

Revenues under managed care plans are based primarily on payment terms involving predetermined rates per diagnosis, per‑diem rates, discounted FFS rates and/or other similar contractual arrangements. These revenues are also subject to review and possible audit by the payers, which can take several years before they are completely resolved. The payers are billed for patient services on an individual patient basis. An individual patient’s bill is subject to adjustment on a patient‑by‑patient basis in the ordinary course of business by the payers following their review and adjudication of each particular bill. We estimate the discounts for contractual allowances at the individual hospital level utilizing billing data on an individual patient basis. At the end of each month, on an individual hospital basis, we estimate our expected reimbursement for patients of managed care plans based on the applicable contract terms. We believe it is reasonably likely for there to be an approximately 3% increase or decrease in the estimated contractual allowances related to managed care plans. Based on reserves at March 31,September 30, 2022, a 3% increase or decrease in the estimated contractual allowance would impact the estimated reserves by approximately $16$19 million. Some of the factors that can contribute to changes in the contractual allowance estimates include: (1)(i) changes in reimbursement levels for procedures, supplies and drugs when threshold levels are triggered; (2)(ii) changes in reimbursement levels when stop‑loss or outlier limits are reached; (3)(iii) changes in the admission status of a patient due to physician orders subsequent to initial diagnosis or testing; (4)(iv) final coding of in‑house and discharged‑not‑final‑billed patients that change reimbursement levels; (5)(v) secondary benefits determined after primary insurance payments; and (6)(vi) reclassification of patients among insurance plans with different coverage and payment levels. Contractual allowance estimates are periodically reviewed for accuracy by taking into consideration known contract terms, as well as payment history. We believe our estimation and review process enables us to identify instances on a timely basis where such estimates need to be revised. We do not believe there were any adjustments to estimates of patient bills that were material to our revenues. In addition, on a corporate‑wide basis, we do not record any general provision for adjustments to estimated contractual allowances for managed care plans. Managed care accounts, net of contractual allowances recorded, are further
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reduced to their net realizable value through implicit price concessions based on historical collection trends for these payers and other factors that affect the estimation process.

We expect managed care governmental admissions to continue to increase as a percentage of total managed care admissions over the near term. However, the managed Medicare and Medicaid insurance plans typically generate lower yields than commercial managed care plans, which have been experiencing an improved pricing trend. Although we have benefited from solid year‑over‑year aggregate managed care pricing improvements for some time, we have seen these improvements moderate in recent years, and we believe this moderation could continue into the future. In the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, our commercial managed care net inpatient revenue per admission from the hospitals in our Hospital Operations segment was approximately 86%81% higher than our aggregate yield on a per‑admission basis from government payers, including managed Medicare and Medicaid insurance plans.

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Indemnity
An indemnity‑based agreement generally requires the insurer to reimburse an insured patient for healthcare expenses after those expenses have been incurred by the patient, subject to policy conditions and exclusions. Unlike an HMO member, a patient with indemnity insurance is free to control his or her utilization of healthcare and selection of healthcare providers.

Legislative Changes
As more fully described in Item 1, Business — Healthcare Regulation and Licensing, of Part I of our Annual Report, the No Surprises Act (“NSA”) and the rules promulgated thereunder went into effect on January 1, 2022. The NSA is intended to address unexpected gaps in insurance coverage that result in “surprise medical bills” when patients unknowingly obtain medical services from physicians and other providers outside their health insurance network, including certain emergency services, anesthesiology services and air ambulance transportation. At this time, we are unable to assess the effect that the NSA or regulations relating to the NSA might have on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

UNINSURED PATIENTS
Uninsured patients are patients who do not qualify for government programs payments, such as Medicare and Medicaid, do not have some form of private insurance and, therefore, are responsible for their own medical bills. A significant number of our uninsured patients are admitted through our hospitals’ emergency departments and often require high‑acuity treatment that is more costly to provide and, therefore, results in higher billings, which are the least collectible of all accounts.

Self‑pay accounts receivable, which include amounts due from uninsured patients, as well as co‑pays, co‑insurance amounts and deductibles owed to us by patients with insurance, pose significant collectability problems. At March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, 3%5% and 4%, respectively, of our net accounts receivable for our Hospital Operations segment was self‑pay. Further, a significant portion of our implicit price concessions relates to self‑pay amounts. We provide revenue cycle management services through Conifer, which is subject to various statutes and regulations regarding consumer protection in areas including finance, debt collection and credit reporting activities. For additional information, see Item 1, Business — Regulations Affecting Conifer’s Operations, of Part I of our Annual Report.

Conifer has performed systematic analyses to focus our attention on the drivers of bad debt expense for each hospital. While emergency department use is the primary contributor to our implicit price concessions in the aggregate, this is not the case at all hospitals. As a result, we have increased our focus on targeted initiatives that concentrate on non‑emergency department patients as well. These initiatives are intended to promote process efficiencies in collecting self‑pay accounts, as well as co‑pay, co‑insurance and deductible amounts owed to us by patients with insurance, that we deem highly collectible. We leverage a statistical‑based collections model that aligns our operational capacity to maximize our collections performance. We are dedicated to modifying and refining our processes as needed, enhancing our technology and improving staff training throughout the revenue cycle process in an effort to increase collections and reduce accounts receivable.

Over the longer term, several other initiatives we have previously announced should also help address the challenges associated with serving uninsured patients. For example, our Compact with Uninsured Patients (“Compact”) is designed to offer managed care‑style discounts to certain uninsured patients, which enables us to offer lower rates to those patients who historically had been charged standard gross charges. Under the Compact, the discount offered to uninsured patients is recognized as a contractual allowance, which reduces net operating revenues at the time the self‑pay accounts are recorded. The uninsured patient accounts, net of contractual allowances recorded, are further reduced to their net realizable value through implicit price concessions based on historical collection trends for self‑pay accounts and other factors that affect the estimation process.

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We also provide financial assistance through our charity and uninsured discount programs to uninsured patients who are unable to pay for the healthcare services they receive. Our policy is not to pursue collection of amounts determined to qualify for financial assistance; therefore, we do not report these amounts in net operating revenues. Most states include an estimate of the cost of charity care in the determination of a hospital’s eligibility for Medicaid DSH payments. These payments are intended to mitigate our cost of uncompensated care. Some states have also developed provider fee or other supplemental payment programs to mitigate the shortfall of Medicaid reimbursement compared to the cost of caring for Medicaid patients.

The initial expansion of health insurance coverage under the Affordable Care Act resulted in an increase in the number of patients using our facilities with either health insurance exchange or government healthcare insurance program coverage. However, we continue to have to provide uninsured discounts and charity care due to the failure of certain states to expand Medicaid coverage and for persons living in the country who are not permitted to enroll in a health insurance exchange or government healthcare insurance program.
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The following table presents our estimated costs (based on selected operating expenses, which include salaries, wages and benefits, supplies and other operating expenses) of caring for our uninsured and charity patients.patients:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20222021Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Estimated costs for:Estimated costs for:  Estimated costs for:2022202120222021
Uninsured patientsUninsured patients$122 $168 Uninsured patients$131 $181 $389 $507 
Charity care patientsCharity care patients21 20 Charity care patients22 25 62 74 
TotalTotal$143 $188 Total$153 $206 $451 $581 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following tables present our consolidated net operating revenues, operating expenses and operating income, on a continuing operations basis, both in dollar amounts and as percentages of net operating revenues.revenues, on a continuing operations basis:
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
 20222021
Net operating revenues:  
Hospital Operations$3,798 $3,947 $(149)
Ambulatory Care738 646 92 
Conifer324 310 14 
Inter-segment eliminations(115)(122)
Net operating revenues 4,745 4,781 (36)
Grant income6 31 (25)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates46 42 4 
Operating expenses:
Salaries, wages and benefits2,182 2,201 (19)
Supplies785 804 (19)
Other operating expenses, net942 1,072 (130)
Depreciation and amortization203 224 (21)
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs16 20 (4)
Litigation and investigation costs20 13 
Net losses on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— 
Operating income$648 $520 $128 
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
 20222021
Net operating revenues100.0 %100.0 %— %
Grant income0.1 %0.6 %(0.5)%
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates1.0 %0.9 %0.1 %
Operating expenses:  
Salaries, wages and benefits46.0 %46.0 %— %
Supplies16.5 %16.8 %(0.3)%
Other operating expenses, net19.9 %22.4 %(2.5)%
Depreciation and amortization4.3 %4.7 %(0.4)%
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs0.3 %0.4 %(0.1)%
Litigation and investigation costs0.4 %0.3 %0.1 %
Net losses on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— %— %— %
Operating income13.7 %10.9 %2.8 %
(1)The change is the difference between the 2022 and 2021 percentages presented.
 Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 2022202120222021
Net operating revenues:    
Hospital Operations$3,778 $4,030 $11,221 $12,072 
Ambulatory Care806 666 2,315 1,976 
Conifer333 314 990 943 
Inter-segment eliminations(116)(116)(342)(362)
Net operating revenues 4,801 4,894 14,184 14,629 
Grant income54 3 154 53 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates51 45 151 141 
Operating expenses:
Salaries, wages and benefits2,230 2,209 6,538 6,690 
Supplies817 827 2,413 2,490 
Other operating expenses, net1,018 1,051 2,966 3,177 
Depreciation and amortization209 209 628 654 
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs24 15 97 55 
Litigation and investigation costs12 29 50 64 
Net gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— (412)— (427)
Operating income$596 $1,014 $1,797 $2,120 

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 Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 2022202120222021
Net operating revenues100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %
Grant income1.1 %0.1 %1.1 %0.4 %
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates1.1 %0.9 %1.1 %1.0 %
Operating expenses:
Salaries, wages and benefits46.4 %45.1 %46.1 %45.8 %
Supplies17.0 %16.9 %17.0 %17.0 %
Other operating expenses, net21.3 %21.5 %20.9 %21.7 %
Depreciation and amortization4.4 %4.3 %4.4 %4.5 %
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs0.5 %0.3 %0.7 %0.4 %
Litigation and investigation costs0.2 %0.6 %0.4 %0.4 %
Net gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— %(8.4)%— %(2.9)%
Operating income12.4 %20.7 %12.7 %14.5 %

The following tables present our net operating revenues, operating expenses and operating income, both in dollar amounts and as percentages of net operating revenues, by operating segment on a continuing operations basis.basis:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
 Hospital OperationsAmbulatory CareConifer
Net operating revenues $3,683 $738 $324 
Grant income4 2  
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates4 42  
Operating expenses:   
Salaries, wages and benefits1,820 194 168 
Supplies583 201 
Other operating expenses, net774 105 63 
Depreciation and amortization167 27 
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs12 
Litigation and investigation costs— 12 
Net losses on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— — 
Operating income$326 $252 $70 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
 Hospital OperationsAmbulatory CareConifer
Net operating revenues 100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %
Grant income0.1 %0.3 %— %
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates0.1 %5.7 %— %
Operating expenses:
Salaries, wages and benefits49.4 %26.3 %51.9 %
Supplies15.8 %27.2 %0.3 %
Other operating expenses, net21.1 %14.3 %19.4 %
Depreciation and amortization4.5 %3.7 %2.8 %
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs0.3 %0.4 %0.3 %
Litigation and investigation costs0.2 %— %3.7 %
Net losses on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— %— %— %
Operating income8.9 %34.1 %21.6 %
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021Three Months Ended September 30, 2022Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Hospital OperationsAmbulatory CareConifer Hospital OperationsAmbulatory CareConiferHospital OperationsAmbulatory CareConifer
Net operating revenuesNet operating revenues$3,825 $646 $310 Net operating revenues $3,662 $806 $333 $10,879 $2,315 $990 
Grant incomeGrant income24 7  Grant income54   150 4  
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliatesEquity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates4 38  Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates2 49  8 143  
Operating expenses:Operating expenses:Operating expenses:   
Salaries, wages and benefitsSalaries, wages and benefits1,857 174 170 Salaries, wages and benefits1,847 208 175 5,419 603 516 
SuppliesSupplies646 157 Supplies598 218 1,786 624 
Other operating expenses, netOther operating expenses, net916 103 53 Other operating expenses, net841 110 67 2,455 315 196 
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization190 25 Depreciation and amortization172 28 518 83 27 
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costsImpairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs10 Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs14 68 13 16 
Litigation and investigation costsLitigation and investigation costsLitigation and investigation costs33 14 
Operating incomeOperating income$225 $225 $70 Operating income$239 $283 $74 $758 $821 $218 
Net operating revenuesNet operating revenues100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %
Grant incomeGrant income1.5 % % %1.4 %0.2 % %
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliatesEquity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates0.1 %6.1 % %0.1 %6.2 % %
Operating expenses:Operating expenses:
Salaries, wages and benefitsSalaries, wages and benefits50.4 %25.8 %52.6 %49.8 %26.0 %52.1 %
SuppliesSupplies16.3 %27.0 %0.3 %16.4 %27.0 %0.3 %
Other operating expenses, netOther operating expenses, net23.1 %13.7 %20.1 %22.6 %13.6 %19.9 %
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization4.7 %3.5 %2.7 %4.8 %3.6 %2.7 %
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costsImpairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs0.4 %0.6 %1.5 %0.6 %0.6 %1.6 %
Litigation and investigation costsLitigation and investigation costs0.2 %0.4 %0.6 %0.3 %0.1 %1.4 %
Operating incomeOperating income6.5 %35.1 %22.2 %7.0 %35.5 %22.0 %

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2021Three Months Ended September 30, 2021Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Hospital OperationsAmbulatory CareConiferHospital OperationsAmbulatory CareConiferHospital OperationsAmbulatory CareConifer
Net operating revenuesNet operating revenues100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %Net operating revenues$3,914 $666 $314 $11,710 $1,976 $943 
Grant incomeGrant income0.6 %1.1 %— %Grant income2 1  30 23  
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliatesEquity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates0.1 %5.9 %— %Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates2 43  11 130  
Operating expenses:Operating expenses:Operating expenses:
Salaries, wages and benefitsSalaries, wages and benefits48.5 %26.9 %54.8 %Salaries, wages and benefits1,872 169 168 5,670 512 508 
SuppliesSupplies16.9 %24.3 %0.3 %Supplies656 170 1,991 496 
Other operating expenses, netOther operating expenses, net23.9 %16.0 %17.2 %Other operating expenses, net894 97 60 2,711 295 171 
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization5.0 %3.9 %2.9 %Depreciation and amortization177 23 555 71 28 
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costsImpairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs0.3 %0.6 %1.9 %Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs11 31 15 
Litigation and investigation costsLitigation and investigation costs0.2 %0.5 %0.3 %Litigation and investigation costs26 — 54 
Net losses (gains) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilitiesNet losses (gains) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities(413)— (415)(12)— 
Operating incomeOperating income$695 $246 $73 $1,154 $749 $217 
Net operating revenuesNet operating revenues100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %
Grant incomeGrant income0.1 %0.2 % %0.3 %1.2 % %
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliatesEquity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates0.1 %6.5 % %0.1 %6.6 % %
Operating expenses:Operating expenses:
Salaries, wages and benefitsSalaries, wages and benefits47.8 %25.4 %53.5 %48.4 %25.9 %53.9 %
SuppliesSupplies16.8 %25.5 %0.3 %17.0 %25.1 %0.3 %
Other operating expenses, netOther operating expenses, net22.9 %14.5 %19.1 %23.1 %14.9 %18.1 %
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization4.5 %3.5 %2.9 %4.7 %3.6 %3.0 %
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costsImpairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs0.3 %0.2 %1.0 %0.3 %0.5 %1.6 %
Litigation and investigation costsLitigation and investigation costs0.7 %0.5 %— %0.5 %0.5 %0.1 %
Net losses (gains) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilitiesNet losses (gains) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities(10.6)%0.2 %— %(3.5)%(0.6)%— %
Operating incomeOperating income5.9 %34.8 %22.6 %Operating income17.8 %36.9 %23.2 %9.9 %37.9 %23.0 %

TotalConsolidated net operating revenues decreased by $36$93 million and $445 million, or 0.8%1.9% and 3.0%, for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021.September 30, 2021, respectively. Hospital Operations net operating revenues net of inter‑segment eliminations decreased by $142$252 million and $831 million, or 3.7%6.4% and 7.1%, for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to the same periodthree and nine‑month periods in 2021.2021, respectively. These decreases were primarily due to the saleloss of revenues in our Hospital Operations segment from the Miami Hospitals andwe sold in August 2021, lower overall patient volumes and decreased COVID‑related patient acuity during the 2022 period, partially offset by high patient acuity and negotiated commercial rate increases. Our Hospital Operations segment also recognized grant income from federal and state grants totaling $4$54 million and $150 million during the three and nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, respectively, which is not included in net operating revenues.

Ambulatory Care net operating revenues increased by $92$140 million and $339 million, or 14.2%21.0% and 17.2%, for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021.September 30, 2021, respectively. The change in 2022 revenues for the three‑month period was driven by an increase from acquisitions of $91$124 million, as well as an increase in same‑facility net operating revenues of $52$19 million due primarily to higher net revenue per case. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $3 million due to the closure of two ASCs, as well as the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and Hurricane Ian on case volumes. The change in 2022 revenues for the nine‑month period was driven by an increase from acquisitions of $298 million, as well as an increase in same‑facility net operating revenues of $103 million due primarily to higher surgical patient volumesvolume and negotiated commercial rate increases in the 2022 period.higher net revenue per case. These increases were also partially offset by a decrease of $51$62 million due primarilymainly to the sale of the Ambulatory Care segment’s urgent care centers and the transfer of its imaging centers to the Hospital Operations segment.segment in April 2021. Our Ambulatory Care segment also recognized income from federal grants totaling $2$4 million during the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2022, which is not included in net operating revenues. Our Ambulatory Care segment did not recognize any grant income in the three months ended September 30, 2022.
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Conifer’s net operating revenues increased by $14$19 million and $47 million, or 4.5%6.1% and 5.0%, for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021.September 30, 2021, respectively. Conifer’s revenues from third‑party clients, which revenues are not eliminated in consolidation, increased $21$19 million and $67 million, or 11.2%9.6% and 11.5%, for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to the same periodthree and nine‑month periods in 2021. This increase was2021, respectively. These increases were primarily due to contractual rate increases and new business expansion and the transition of the Miami Hospitals to third‑party clients.expansion.

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The following table presents selected operating expenses of our three operating segments. Information for our Hospital Operations segment is presented on a same‑hospital basis, whereas information presented for our Ambulatory Care and Conifer segments is presented on a continuing operations basis.
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
Selected Operating ExpensesSelected Operating Expenses20222021Selected Operating Expenses20222021Increase
(Decrease)
20222021Increase
(Decrease)
Hospital Operations — Same-Hospital:Hospital Operations — Same-Hospital:Hospital Operations — Same-Hospital:
Salaries, wages and benefitsSalaries, wages and benefits$1,812 $1,742 4.0 %Salaries, wages and benefits$1,833 $1,827 0.3 %$5,386 $5,397 (0.2)%
SuppliesSupplies581 603 (3.6)%Supplies595 638 (6.7)%1,779 1,885 (5.6)%
Other operating expensesOther operating expenses761 843 (9.7)%Other operating expenses824 850 (3.1)%2,410 2,513 (4.1)%
TotalTotal$3,154 $3,188 (1.1)%Total$3,252 $3,315 (1.9)%$9,575 $9,795 (2.2)%
Ambulatory Care:Ambulatory Care:   Ambulatory Care:      
Salaries, wages and benefitsSalaries, wages and benefits$194 $174 11.5 %Salaries, wages and benefits$208 $169 23.1 %$603 $512 17.8 %
SuppliesSupplies201 157 28.0 %Supplies218 170 28.2 %624 496 25.8 %
Other operating expensesOther operating expenses105 103 1.9 %Other operating expenses110 97 13.4 %315 295 6.8 %
TotalTotal$500 $434 15.2 %Total$536 $436 22.9 %$1,542 $1,303 18.3 %
Conifer:Conifer:   Conifer:      
Salaries, wages and benefitsSalaries, wages and benefits$168 $170 (1.2)%Salaries, wages and benefits$175 $168 4.2 %$516 $508 1.6 %
SuppliesSupplies— %Supplies— %— %
Other operating expensesOther operating expenses63 53 18.9 %Other operating expenses67 60 11.7 %196 171 14.6 %
TotalTotal$232 $224 3.6 %Total$243 $229 6.1 %$715 $682 4.8 %
Rent/lease expense(1):
Rent/lease expense(1):
   
Rent/lease expense(1):
      
Hospital OperationsHospital Operations$68 $72 (5.6)%Hospital Operations$71 $69 2.9 %$205 $210 (2.4)%
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory Care27 27 — %Ambulatory Care29 24 20.8 %84 75 12.0 %
ConiferConifer— %Conifer— %— %
TotalTotal$98 $102 (3.9)%Total$102 $95 7.4 %$297 $293 1.4 %
(1) Included in other operating expenses.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS BY SEGMENT
Our operations are reported in three segments:

Hospital Operations, which is comprised of acute care and specialty hospitals, imaging centers, ancillary outpatient facilities, micro‑hospitals and physician practices;

Ambulatory Care, which is comprised of USPI’s ASCs and surgical hospitals; and

Conifer, which provides revenue cycle management and value‑based care services to hospitals, health systems, physician practices, employers and other clients.
 
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Hospital Operations Segment
The following tables present operating statistics, revenues and expenses of our hospitals and related outpatient facilities on a same‑hospital basis, unless otherwise indicated.indicated:
Same-Hospital Same-HospitalSame-Hospital
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
Admissions, Patient Days and SurgeriesAdmissions, Patient Days and Surgeries20222021Admissions, Patient Days and Surgeries20222021Increase
(Decrease)
20222021Increase
(Decrease)
Number of hospitals (at end of period)Number of hospitals (at end of period)60 60 — (1)Number of hospitals (at end of period)60 60 — (1)60 60 — (1)
Total admissionsTotal admissions127,782 134,120 (4.7)%Total admissions132,975 140,491 (5.3)%388,825 413,942 (6.1)%
Adjusted patient admissions(2)
227,933 231,273 (1.4)%
Adjusted admissions(2)
Adjusted admissions(2)
247,060 248,798 (0.7)%714,024 732,540 (2.5)%
Paying admissions (excludes charity and uninsured)Paying admissions (excludes charity and uninsured)121,797 127,005 (4.1)%Paying admissions (excludes charity and uninsured)126,470 132,614 (4.6)%370,090 391,432 (5.5)%
Charity and uninsured admissionsCharity and uninsured admissions5,985 7,115 (15.9)%Charity and uninsured admissions6,505 7,877 (17.4)%18,735 22,510 (16.8)%
Admissions through emergency departmentAdmissions through emergency department97,684 100,847 (3.1)%Admissions through emergency department100,024 106,217 (5.8)%293,844 309,681 (5.1)%
Paying admissions as a percentage of total admissionsPaying admissions as a percentage of total admissions95.3 %94.7 %0.6 %(1)Paying admissions as a percentage of total admissions95.1 %94.4 %0.7 %(1)95.2 %94.6 %0.6 %(1)
Charity and uninsured admissions as a percentage of total admissionsCharity and uninsured admissions as a percentage of total admissions4.7 %5.3 %(0.6)%(1)Charity and uninsured admissions as a percentage of total admissions4.9 %5.6 %(0.7)%(1)4.8 %5.4 %(0.6)%(1)
Emergency department admissions as a percentage of total admissionsEmergency department admissions as a percentage of total admissions76.4 %75.2 %1.2 %(1)Emergency department admissions as a percentage of total admissions75.2 %75.6 %(0.4)%(1)75.6 %74.8 %0.8 %(1)
Surgeries — inpatientSurgeries — inpatient32,908 34,096 (3.5)%Surgeries — inpatient34,180 35,535 (3.8)%100,837 106,994 (5.8)%
Surgeries — outpatientSurgeries — outpatient51,258 50,275 2.0 %Surgeries — outpatient52,273 54,119 (3.4)%157,169 161,982 (3.0)%
Total surgeriesTotal surgeries84,166 84,371 (0.2)%Total surgeries86,453 89,654 (3.6)%258,006 268,976 (4.1)%
Patient days — totalPatient days — total705,623 731,525 (3.5)%Patient days — total681,537 748,012 (8.9)%2,046,155 2,174,982 (5.9)%
Adjusted patient days(2)
Adjusted patient days(2)
1,224,824 1,225,520 (0.1)%
Adjusted patient days(2)
1,220,864 1,301,989 (6.2)%3,638,687 3,762,149 (3.3)%
Average length of stay (days)Average length of stay (days)5.52 5.45 1.3 %Average length of stay (days)5.13 5.32 (3.6)%5.26 5.25 0.2 %
Licensed beds (at end of period)Licensed beds (at end of period)15,395 15,403 (0.1)%Licensed beds (at end of period)15,369 15,399 (0.2)%15,369 15,399 (0.2)%
Average licensed bedsAverage licensed beds15,395 15,403 (0.1)%Average licensed beds15,376 15,399 (0.1)%15,384 15,401 (0.1)%
Utilization of licensed beds(3)
Utilization of licensed beds(3)
50.9 %52.8 %(1.9)%(1)
Utilization of licensed beds(3)
48.2 %52.8 %(4.6)%(1)48.7 %51.7 %(3.0)%(1)
(1)The change is the difference between the 2022 and 2021 amounts presented.
(2)Adjusted admissions/patient admissions/days represents actual admissions/patient admissions/days adjusted to include outpatient services provided by facilities in our Hospital Operations segment by multiplying actual admissions/patient admissions/days by the sum of gross inpatient revenues and outpatient revenues and dividing the results by gross inpatient revenues.
(3)Utilization of licensed beds represents patient days divided by number of days in the period divided by average licensed beds.
Same-Hospital Same-HospitalSame-Hospital
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
Outpatient VisitsOutpatient Visits20222021Outpatient Visits20222021Increase
(Decrease)
20222021Increase
(Decrease)
Total visitsTotal visits1,240,386 1,222,696 1.4 %Total visits1,266,760 1,360,953 (6.9)%3,788,402 4,008,056 (5.5)%
Paying visits (excludes charity and uninsured)Paying visits (excludes charity and uninsured)1,165,718 1,147,511 1.6 %Paying visits (excludes charity and uninsured)1,190,461 1,265,603 (5.9)%3,557,929 3,736,175 (4.8)%
Charity and uninsured visitsCharity and uninsured visits74,668 75,185 (0.7)%Charity and uninsured visits76,299 95,350 (20.0)%230,473 271,881 (15.2)%
Emergency department visitsEmergency department visits500,665 424,361 18.0 %Emergency department visits545,766 567,260 (3.8)%1,587,529 1,502,651 5.6 %
Surgery visitsSurgery visits51,258 50,275 2.0 %Surgery visits52,273 54,119 (3.4)%157,169 161,982 (3.0)%
Paying visits as a percentage of total visitsPaying visits as a percentage of total visits94.0 %93.9 %0.1 %(1)Paying visits as a percentage of total visits94.0 %93.0 %1.0 %(1)93.9 %93.2 %0.7 %(1)
Charity and uninsured visits as a percentage of total visitsCharity and uninsured visits as a percentage of total visits6.0 %6.1 %(0.1)%(1)Charity and uninsured visits as a percentage of total visits6.0 %7.0 %(1.0)%(1)6.1 %6.8 %(0.7)%(1)
(1)The change is the difference between the 2022 and 2021 amounts presented.
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Same-Hospital Same-HospitalSame-Hospital
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
RevenuesRevenues20222021Revenues20222021Increase
(Decrease)
20222021Increase
(Decrease)
Total segment net operating revenues(1)
Total segment net operating revenues(1)
$3,652 $3,561 2.6 %
Total segment net operating revenues(1)
$3,629 $3,799 (4.5)%$10,779 $11,050 (2.5)%
Selected revenue data – hospitals and related outpatient facilities:Selected revenue data – hospitals and related outpatient facilities:Selected revenue data – hospitals and related outpatient facilities:
Net patient service revenues(1)(2)
Net patient service revenues(1)(2)
$3,478 $3,392 2.5 %
Net patient service revenues(1)(2)
$3,425 $3,599 (4.8)%$10,217 $10,498 (2.7)%
Net patient service revenue per adjusted patient admission(1)(2)
$15,259 $14,667 4.0 %
Net patient service revenue per adjusted admission(1)(2)
Net patient service revenue per adjusted admission(1)(2)
$13,863 $14,466 (4.2)%$14,309 $14,331 (0.2)%
Net patient service revenue per adjusted patient day(1)(2)
Net patient service revenue per adjusted patient day(1)(2)
$2,840 $2,768 2.6 %
Net patient service revenue per adjusted patient day(1)(2)
$2,805 $2,764 1.5 %$2,808 $2,790 0.6 %
(1)Revenues are net of implicit price concessions.
(2)Adjusted admissions/patient admissions/days represents actual admissions/patient admissions/days adjusted to include outpatient services provided by facilities in our Hospital Operations segment by multiplying actual admissions/patient admissions/days by the sum of gross inpatient revenues and outpatient revenues and dividing the results by gross inpatient revenues.
Same-Hospital Same-HospitalSame-Hospital
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase
(Decrease)(1)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)(1)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)(1)
Total Segment Selected Operating ExpensesTotal Segment Selected Operating Expenses20222021Total Segment Selected Operating Expenses20222021
Increase
(Decrease)(1)
20222021
Increase
(Decrease)(1)
Salaries, wages and benefits as a percentage of net operating revenuesSalaries, wages and benefits as a percentage of net operating revenues49.6 %48.9 %0.7 %Salaries, wages and benefits as a percentage of net operating revenues50.5 %48.1 %2.4 %50.0 %48.8 %1.2 %
Supplies as a percentage of net operating revenuesSupplies as a percentage of net operating revenues15.9 %16.9 %(1.0)%Supplies as a percentage of net operating revenues16.4 %16.8 %(0.4)%16.5 %17.1 %(0.6)%
Other operating expenses as a percentage of net operating revenuesOther operating expenses as a percentage of net operating revenues20.8 %23.7 %(2.9)%Other operating expenses as a percentage of net operating revenues22.7 %22.4 %0.3 %22.4 %22.7 %(0.3)%
(1)The change is the difference between the 2022 and 2021 amounts presented.
    
Revenues
Same‑hospital net operating revenues increased $91decreased $170 million, or 2.6%4.5%, during the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2021, primarily due to highlower overall patient volumes and decreased COVID‑related patient acuity andduring the 2022 period, partially offset by negotiated commercial rate increases. Our Hospital Operations segment also recognized grant income totaling $4$54 million and $24$2 million from federal state and localstate grants in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which is not included in net operating revenues. Same‑hospital admissions and outpatient visits decreased 4.7%5.3% and 6.9%, respectively, in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, primarily driven by the COVID‑related patient acuity and volume changes noted above.

Same‑hospital net operating revenues decreased $271 million, or 2.5%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021, due in part to lower patient volumes, decreased COVID‑related patient acuity and the adverse impact of the Cybersecurity Incident on patient volumes. These factors were partially offset by negotiated commercial rate increases. Our Hospital Operations segment also recognized grant income from federal, state and local grants totaling $150 million and $30 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which is not included in net operating revenues. Same‑hospital admissions and outpatient visits decreased by 6.1% and 5.5%, respectively, in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, primarily due to the impact of the Omicron variant in January and February 2022.factors described above.

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The following table presents theour consolidated net accounts receivable by payer at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:payer:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022December 31, 2021
MedicareMedicare$150 $155 Medicare$151 $155 
MedicaidMedicaid50 47 Medicaid44 47 
Net cost report settlements receivable and valuation allowancesNet cost report settlements receivable and valuation allowances16 33 Net cost report settlements receivable and valuation allowances44 33 
Managed careManaged care1,751 1,602 Managed care1,643 1,602 
Self-pay uninsuredSelf-pay uninsured18 21 Self-pay uninsured37 21 
Self-pay balance after insuranceSelf-pay balance after insurance69 70 Self-pay balance after insurance82 70 
Estimated future recoveriesEstimated future recoveries139 137 Estimated future recoveries144 137 
Other payersOther payers373 331 Other payers304 331 
Total Hospital OperationsTotal Hospital Operations2,566 2,396 Total Hospital Operations2,449 2,396 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory Care350 374 Ambulatory Care377 374 
Accounts receivable, netAccounts receivable, net$2,916 $2,770 Accounts receivable, net$2,826 $2,770 

CollectionThe collection of accounts receivable has been a key area of focus, particularly over the past several years. At March 31,September 30, 2022, our Hospital Operations segment collection rate on self‑pay accounts was approximately 27.2%28.9%. Our self‑pay collection rate includes payments made by patients, including co‑pays, co‑insurance amounts and deductibles paid by patients with insurance. Based on our accounts receivable from uninsured patients and co‑pays, co‑insurance amounts and deductibles owed to us by patients with insurance at March 31,September 30, 2022, a 10% decrease or increase in our self‑pay collection rate, or approximately 3%, which we believe could be a reasonably likely change, would result in an unfavorable or favorable adjustment to patient accounts receivable of approximately $9$10 million. There are various factors that can impact collection trends, such as changes in the economy and inflation, which in turn have an impact on unemployment rates and the number of uninsured and underinsured patients, the volume of patients through our emergency departments, the increased burden of co‑pays and
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deductibles to be made by patients with insurance, and business practices related to collection efforts. These factors, many of which have been affected by the COVID‑19 pandemic, continuously change and can have an impact on collection trends and our estimation process.

We also typically experience ongoing managed care payment delays and disputes; however, we continue to work with these payers to obtain adequate and timely reimbursement for our services. Our estimated Hospital Operations segment collection rate from managed care payers was approximately 96.3%95.9% at March 31,September 30, 2022.

We manage our implicit price concessions using hospital‑specific goals and benchmarks such as (1)(i) total cash collections, (2)(ii) point‑of‑service cash collections, (3)(iii) AR Days and (4)(iv) accounts receivable by aging category. The following tables present the approximate aging by payer of our net accounts receivable from the continuing operations of our Hospital Operations segment of $2.550$2.405 billion and $2.363 billion at March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, excluding cost report settlements receivable and valuation allowances of $16$44 million and $33 million, respectively, at March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
MedicareMedicaidManaged
Care
Indemnity,
Self-Pay
and Other
Total MedicareMedicaidManaged
Care
Indemnity,
Self-Pay
and Other
Total
At March 31, 2022:
At September 30, 2022:At September 30, 2022:
0-60 days0-60 days91 %32 %56 %23 %50 %0-60 days91 %31 %56 %22 %50 %
61-120 days61-120 days%29 %16 %14 %15 %61-120 days%28 %16 %13 %15 %
121-180 days121-180 days%16 %10 %%10 %121-180 days%16 %%%%
Over 180 daysOver 180 days%23 %18 %54 %25 %Over 180 days%25 %19 %56 %26 %
Total Total 100 %100 %100 %100 %100 %Total 100 %100 %100 %100 %100 %
At December 31, 2021:At December 31, 2021:At December 31, 2021:
0-60 days0-60 days93 %35 %57 %22 %52 %0-60 days93 %35 %57 %22 %52 %
61-120 days61-120 days%31 %18 %14 %16 %61-120 days%31 %18 %14 %16 %
121-180 days121-180 days%14 %10 %%%121-180 days%14 %10 %%%
Over 180 daysOver 180 days%20 %15 %55 %23 %Over 180 days%20 %15 %55 %23 %
Total Total 100 %100 %100 %100 %100 %Total 100 %100 %100 %100 %100 %

Conifer continues to implement revenue cycle initiatives to improve our cash flow. These initiatives are focused on standardizing and improving patient access processes, including pre‑registration, registration, verification of eligibility and benefits, liability identification and collections at point‑of‑service, and financial counseling. These initiatives are intended to reduce denials, improve service levels to patients and increase the quality of accounts that end up in accounts receivable.
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Although we continue to focus on improving our methodology for evaluating the collectability of our accounts receivable, we may incur future charges if there are unfavorable changes in the trends affecting the net realizable value of our accounts receivable.

At March 31,September 30, 2022, we had a cumulative total of patient account assignments to Conifer of $1.911$1.880 billion related to our continuing operations. These accounts have already been written off and are not included in our receivables; however, an estimate of future recoveries from all the accounts assigned to Conifer is determined based on our historical experience and recorded in accounts receivable.
    
Patient advocates from Conifer’s Eligibility and Enrollment Services program (“EES”) screen patients in the hospital to determine whether those patients meet eligibility requirements for financial assistance programs. They also expedite the process of applying for these government programs. Receivables from patients who are potentially eligible for Medicaid are classified as Medicaid pending, under the EES, net of appropriate implicit price concessions. Based on recent trends, approximately 97% of all accounts in the EES are ultimately approved for benefits under a government program, such as Medicaid.

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The following table presents the approximate amount of accounts receivable in the EES still awaiting determination of eligibility under a government program at March 31,September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 by aging category:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022December 31, 2021
0-60 days 0-60 days $75 $87 0-60 days $69 $87 
61-120 days61-120 days18 17 61-120 days16 17 
121-180 days121-180 days121-180 days
Over 180 daysOver 180 daysOver 180 days
Total Total $106 $115 Total $99 $115 

Salaries, Wages and Benefits
Same‑hospital salaries, wages and benefits increased $70$6 million, or 4%0.3%, in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. This increase was primarily attributable to increasedhigher contract labor costs and overtime costs,annual merit increases for certain of our employees, partially offset by lower employee benefit costs and our cost-efficiency measures, including the use of labor management tools as patient volumes fluctuate.continued focus on cost‑efficiency measures. Same‑hospital salaries, wages and benefits as a percentage of net operating revenues increased by 70240 basis points to 49.6%50.5% in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2021, primarily due to the factors described above.noted above and the impact of lower patient volumes on our patient revenues during the period. Salaries, wages and benefits expense for the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021 included stock‑based compensation expense of $12$10 million and $10$9 million, respectively.

Same‑hospital salaries, wages and benefits decreased $11 million, or 0.2%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. This decrease was primarily attributable to reduced patient volumes, lower incentive compensation and employee benefit costs, and our continued focus on cost‑efficiency measures. These factors were partially offset by higher premium pay and contract labor costs, as well as annual merit increases for certain of our employees. Same‑hospital salaries, wages and benefits as a percentage of net operating revenues increased by 120 basis points to 50.0% in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021, due to the factors noted above and the impact of the Cybersecurity Incident on our patient revenues during the 2022 period. Salaries, wages and benefits expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 included stock‑based compensation expense of $36 million and $31 million, respectively.

Supplies
Same‑hospital supplies expense decreased $22$43 million, or 3.6%6.7%, in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily due to decreased patient volumes, lower COVID-related patient acuity and our cost-efficiency measures, including those described below, and lower patient volumes,below. These decreases were partially offset by the increased cost of certain supplies as a result of the COVID‑19 pandemic, the impact of general market conditions and growth in our higher‑acuity, supply‑intensive surgical services.inflation. Same‑hospital supplies expense as a percentage of net operating revenues decreased by 10040 basis points to 15.9%16.4% in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2021, primarily due to our continued focus on strategic cost-efficiency measures.the factors described above. We strive to control supplies expense through product standardization, consistent contract terms and end‑to‑end contract management, improved utilization, bulk purchases, focused spending with a smaller number of vendors and operational improvements.

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Same‑hospital supplies expense decreased $106 million, or 5.6%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily due to lower patient volumes and our cost-efficiency measures. The increased cost of certain supplies as a result of the COVID‑19 pandemic, the impact of general market conditions and inflation, as well as the growth in our higher-acuity supply-intensive surgical services, partially offset the decrease in supplies expense between the two nine-month periods. Same‑hospital supplies expense as a percentage of net operating revenues decreased by 60 basis points to 16.5% in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021, primarily due to the factors noted above.

Other Operating Expenses, Net
Same‑hospital other operating expenses decreased by $82$26 million, or 9.7%3.1%, in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. Same‑hospital other operating expenses as a percentage of net operating revenues increased by 30 basis points to 22.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 22.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2021, primarily due to the decrease in our patient volumes and the proportionally higher level of fixed costs (e.g., rent expense) in other operating expenses. The changes in other operating expenses included:

a gain onfrom the sale of several medical office buildingsa portion of $69an interest in certain assets of $45 million, which is classified as a reduction of other operating expenses, net;

decreased malpractice expense of $25 million; and

decreased medical expensesincreased indigent care expense of $11$26 million.

Same‑hospital other operating expenses decreased by $103 million, or 4.1%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. Same‑hospital other operating expenses as a percentage of net operating revenues decreased by 29030 basis points to 20.8% for22.4% in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to 23.7%22.7% for the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2021, primarily due to the gain recognized onnet gains from the sale of several medical office buildings duringassets noted below. The changes in other operating expenses included:

net gains from the 2022 periodsale of assets of $115 million, which are classified as a reduction of other operating expenses, net;

decreased malpractice expense of $43 million;

decreased contract services expense of $11 million; and our continued focus on cost-efficiency measures.

increased indigent care expense of $26 million.

Ambulatory Care Segment
Our Ambulatory Care segment is comprised of USPI’s ASCs and surgical hospitals. USPI operates its surgical facilities in partnership with local physicians and, in many of these facilities, a health system partner. We hold an ownership interest in each facility, with each being operated through a separate legal entity in most cases. USPI operates facilities on a day‑to‑day basis through management services contracts. Our sources of earnings from each facility consist of:

management and administrative services revenues, computed as a percentage of each facility’s net revenues (often net of implicit price concessions); and

our share of each facility’s net income (loss), which is computed by multiplying the facility’s net income (loss) times the percentage of each facility’s equity interests owned by USPI.

Our role as an owner and day‑to‑day manager provides us with significant influence over the operations of each facility. For many of the facilities our Ambulatory Care segment operates (167holds an ownership interest in (164 of 428464 facilities at March 31,September 30, 2022), this influence does not represent control of the facility, so we account for our investment in the facility under the equity method for
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an unconsolidated affiliate. USPI controls 261300 of the facilities our Ambulatory Care segment operates, and we account for these investments as consolidated subsidiaries. Our net earnings from a facility are the same under either method, but the classification of those earnings differs. For consolidated subsidiaries, our financial statements reflect 100% of the revenues and expenses of the subsidiaries, after the elimination of intercompany amounts. The net profit attributable to owners other than USPI is classified within net income available to noncontrolling interests.

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For unconsolidated affiliates, our statements of operations reflect our earnings in two line items:

equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates—our share of the net income (loss) of each facility, which is based on the facility’s net income (loss) and the percentage of the facility’s outstanding equity interests owned by USPI; and

management and administrative services revenues, which is included in our net operating revenues—income we earn in exchange for managing the day‑to‑day operations of each facility, usually quantified as a percentage of each facility’s net revenues less implicit price concessions.

Our Ambulatory Care segment operating income is driven by the performance of all facilities USPI operates and by USPI’s ownership interests in those facilities, but our individual revenue and expense line items contain only consolidated businesses, which represent 61%65% of those facilities. This translates to trends in consolidated operating income that often do not correspond with changes in consolidated revenues and expenses, which is why we disclose certain statistical and financial data on a pro forma systemwide basis that includes both consolidated and unconsolidated (equity method) facilities.

Our unconsolidated facilities received cash payments from the PRF during 2021 and 2020. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recognized grant income of $1 million and $12 million, respectively, from these funds, which income is included in equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. No additional grant income was recognized from our unconsolidated facilities during the three‑ and nine‑month periods ended September 30, 2022.

Results of Operations
The following table summarizes certain statement of operations items for the periods indicated:items:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase (Decrease) Three Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
Ambulatory Care Results of Operations20222021
20222021Increase
(Decrease)
20222021Increase
(Decrease)
Net operating revenuesNet operating revenues$738 $646 14.2 %Net operating revenues$806 $666 $2,315 $1,976 
Grant incomeGrant income$$(71.4)%Grant income$— $(100.0)%$$23 (82.6)%
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliatesEquity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates$42 $38 10.5 %Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates$49 $43 14.0 %$143 $130 10.0 %
Salaries, wages and benefitsSalaries, wages and benefits$194 $174 11.5 %Salaries, wages and benefits$208 $169 23.1 %$603 $512 17.8 %
SuppliesSupplies$201 $157 28.0 %Supplies$218 $170 28.2 %$624 $496 25.8 %
Other operating expenses, netOther operating expenses, net$105 $103 1.9 %Other operating expenses, net$110 $97 13.4 %$315 $295 6.8 %

Revenues
Ambulatory Care net operating revenues increased by $92$140 million, or 14.2%21.0%, during the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The change was driven by an increase from acquisitions of $91$124 million, as well as an increase in same‑facility net operating revenues of $52$19 million due primarily to higher net revenue per case. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $3 million, due to the closure of two ASCs, as well as the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and Hurricane Ian on case volumes. Our Ambulatory Care segment recognized grant income from federal grants totaling $1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2021, which is not included in net operating revenues. Our Ambulatory Care segment did not recognize any grant income in the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Ambulatory Care net operating revenues increased by $339 million, or 17.2%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The change was driven by an increase from acquisitions of $298 million, as well as an increase in same‑facility net operating revenues of $103 million due primarily to higher surgical patient volumesvolume and negotiated commercial rate increases.higher net revenue per case. These increases were also partially offset by a decrease of $51$62 million due primarily to the sale of the Ambulatory Care segment’s urgent care centers to an unaffiliated urgent care provider and the transfer of its imaging centers to the Hospital Operations segment.segment, both in April 2021, as well as the adverse impacts of COVID-19 and Hurricane Ian noted above. Our Ambulatory Care segment also recognized grant income from federal grants totaling $2$4 million and $7$23 million during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which is not included in net operating revenues.

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Salaries, Wages and Benefits
Salaries, wages and benefits expense increased by $20$39 million, or 11.5%23.1%, during the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. Salaries, wages and benefits expense was impacted by an increase from acquisitions of $26$31 million, as well as an increase in same‑facility salaries, wages and benefits expense of $17$8 million. Salaries, wages and benefits expense included $3 million of stock‑based compensation in each of the three‑month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

Salaries, wages and benefits expense increased by $91 million, or 17.8%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. Salaries, wages and benefits expense was impacted by an increase from acquisitions of $84 million and an increase in same‑facility salaries, wages and benefits expense of $35 million due primarily to higher surgical patient volumes. These increases werevolumes, partially offset by a decrease of $23$28 million due primarily to the aforementioned sale of the Ambulatory Care segment’s urgent care centers and the transfer of its imaging centers to the Hospital Operations segment. Salaries, wages and benefits expense for three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 included $9 million of stock‑based compensation expense in each of $3 million in both periods.the nine‑month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

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Supplies 
Supplies expense increased by $44$48 million, or 28.0%28.2%, during the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The change was driven by an increase from acquisitions of $32$44 million, as well as an increase in same‑facility supplies expense of $15$5 million due primarily to additional costs driven by the higher level of patient acuity, mainly due to a greater number of implant cases, and higher pricing of certain supplies as a result of the COVID‑19 pandemic.

Supplies expense increased by $128 million, or 25.8%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The change was driven by an increase from acquisitions of $107 million, as well as an increase in same‑facility supplies expense of $25 million due primarily to higher surgical patient volumesvolume, additional costs driven by the higher level of patient acuity, and higher pricing of certain supplies as a result of the COVID‑19 pandemic, partially offset by a decrease of $3$4 million due to the aforementioned sale of the Ambulatory Care segment’s urgent care centers and the transfer of its imaging centers to the Hospital Operations segment.

Other Operating Expenses, Net
Other operating expenses increased by $2$13 million, or 1.9%13.4%, during the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The change was driven by an increase from acquisitions of $12$17 million, as well as an increasepartially offset by a decrease in same‑facility other operating expenses of $5$4 million.

Other operating expenses increased by $20 million, or 6.8%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The change was driven by an increase from acquisitions of $37 million, partially offset by a decrease of $15$17 million due to the aforementioned sale of the Ambulatory Care segment’s urgent care centers and the transfer of its imaging centers to the Hospital Operations segment.

Facility Growth
The following table summarizes the year‑over‑year changes in our same‑facility revenue for the threemonth periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021cases on a pro forma systemwide basis, which includes both consolidated and unconsolidated (equity method) facilities. While we do not record the revenues of unconsolidated facilities, we believe this information is important in understanding the financial performance of our Ambulatory Care segment because these revenues are the basis for calculating our management services revenues and, together with the expenses of our unconsolidated facilities, are the basis for our equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates.
Ambulatory Care Facility GrowthThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022
Net revenues9.3%
Cases8.0%
Net revenue per case1.1%
Ambulatory Care Facility GrowthThree Months Ended
September 30, 2022
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2022
Net revenues3.0 %4.9 %
Cases— %2.4 %
Net revenue per case3.0 %2.5 %

Joint Ventures with Health System Partners
USPI’s business model is to jointly own its facilities with local physicians and, in many of these facilities, a not‑for‑profit health system partner. Accordingly, as of March 31,September 30, 2022, the majority of facilities in our Ambulatory Care segment arewere operated in this model.

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The table below summarizes the amounts we paid to acquire various ownership interests in ambulatory care facilities in the periods indicated:facilities:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase (Decrease) Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase
(Decrease)
Type of Ownership Interests AcquiredType of Ownership Interests Acquired20222021Type of Ownership Interests Acquired20222021
Controlling interestsControlling interests$40 $24 $16 Controlling interests$224 $63 $161 
Noncontrolling interestsNoncontrolling interests1(1)
Equity investment in unconsolidated affiliates and consolidated facilitiesEquity investment in unconsolidated affiliates and consolidated facilities918
Equity investment in unconsolidated affiliates and
consolidated facilities
18135
TotalTotal$49 $25 $24 Total$242 $77 $165 

The table below provides information about the ownership structure of the facilities operated by our Ambulatory Care segment operated at March 31, 2022:segment:
Ownership Structure of Ambulatory Care FacilitiesMarch 31,September 30, 2022
Ownership Structure:
WithOwned with a health system partner198203 
WithoutOwned without a health system partner230261 
Total facilities operated428464 

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The table below reflects changesthe change in the number of ambulatory care facilities during the three months ended Marchoperated by our Ambulatory Care segment since December 31, 2022:2021:
Ambulatory Care FacilitiesThreeNine Months Ended
March 31,September 30, 2022
Change from December 31, 2021:
Acquisitions433 
De novo212 
Dispositions/Mergers(1)(4)
Total increase in number of facilities operated541 
    
During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we acquired controlling interests in two31 ASCs, 16 of which are located in Maryland, four in Florida, three in Arizona, two in each of Colorado and oneTennessee, and four ASCs each located in New Hampshire.other states. We paid cash totaling $31$169 million for these acquisitions, whichacquisitions. All of these facilities are jointly owned with physicians, except one that is jointly owned with a health system partner and physicians. During the same period in 2022, we acquired a noncontrolling interest in anone ASC located in each of New Jersey.Jersey and Texas.

Also during the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we acquired controlling ownership interests in three14 previously unconsolidated ASCs (including 12 SCD Centers,Centers) located in Florida, Pennsylvania and Texas, for $9 million.ten geographically diverse states. We paid an aggregate of $55 million to acquire controlling ownership interests in these facilities. Following our acquisition of a controlling interest in the Texas ASC,one of these ASCs, we contributed our ownership interest in it to our subsidiary Texas Health Ventures Group, L.L.C.a joint venture in which we have a noncontrolling ownership interest.

We also regularly engage in the purchase of equity interests with respect to our investments in unconsolidated affiliates and consolidated facilities that do not result in a change in control. These transactions are primarily the acquisitions of equity interests in ASCs and the investment of additional cash in facilities that need capital for new acquisitions, new construction or other business growth opportunities. During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we invested approximately $9$18 million in such transactions.

Conifer Segment
Revenues
Our Conifer segment generated net operating revenues of $324$333 million and $310$314 million during the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, a portion of which was eliminated in consolidation as described in Note 18 to the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The increase in Conifer’s net operating revenues was $14 million, or 4.5%. Conifer’s revenues from third‑party clients, which revenues are not eliminated in consolidation, increased $21$19 million, or 11.2%9.6%, for the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to contractual rate increases and new business expansionexpansion.

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Our Conifer segment generated net operating revenues of $990 million and $943 million during the transition of the Miami Hospitals tonine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Conifer revenues from third‑party clients, which revenues are not eliminated in consolidation, increased $67 million, or 11.5%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 period.compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily driven by the same factors that impacted the three-month period described above.

Salaries, Wages and Benefits
Salaries, wages and benefits expense for Conifer decreased $2increased $7 million, or 1.2%4.2%, in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, and increased $8 million, or 1.6%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The decreaseincrease in both periods was primarily due cost-efficiency measuresto new business expansion, planned staffing increases and lower incentive compensation in 2022. Salaries, wages and benefits expense included stock‑based compensation expenseannual merit increases for certain of $1 million in each of the three‑month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.our employees.

Other Operating Expenses, Net
Other operating expenses for Conifer increased $10$7 million, or 18.9%11.7%, in the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. ThisOther operating expenses for Conifer increased $25 million, or 14.6%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase in each period was primarily due to new business expansion, higher vendor feeutilization and increased recruiting expenses in 2022.

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Consolidated
Impairment and Restructuring Charges, and Acquisition-Related Costs
The following table presents information about our impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition‑related costs:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Consolidated:Consolidated:  Consolidated:  
Impairment chargesImpairment charges$$— Impairment charges$$— $$
Restructuring chargesRestructuring charges12 16 Restructuring charges17 14 78 48 
Acquisition-related costsAcquisition-related costsAcquisition-related costs10 
Total impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costsTotal impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs$16 $20 
Total impairment and restructuring charges, and
acquisition-related costs
$24 $15 $97 $55 
By segment:By segment:By segment:
Hospital OperationsHospital Operations$12 $10 Hospital Operations$14 $11 $68 $31 
Ambulatory CareAmbulatory CareAmbulatory Care13 
ConiferConiferConifer16 15 
Total impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costsTotal impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs$16 $20 
Total impairment and restructuring charges, and
acquisition-related costs
$24 $15 $97 $55 

During the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, restructuring charges consisted of $5included $3 million of employee severance costs, $2$5 million related to the transition of various administrative functions to our GBC, $3 million related to contract and lease termination fees, and $6 million of other restructuring costs. Impairment charges recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2022 were comprised of $3 million from our Hospital Operations segment. Acquisition‑related costs during the three‑month period consisted entirely of transaction costs.

Restructuring charges for the three months ended September 30, 2021 consisted of employee severance costs of $3 million, $4 million related to the transition of various administrative functions to our GBC and $5$7 million of other restructuring costs. Acquisition‑related costs incurred during this period consisted of $3 millionentirely of transaction costs.

During the threenine months ended March 31, 2021,September 30, 2022, restructuring charges consisted of $4included $24 million of employee severance costs, $6cost, $10 million related to the transition of various administrative functions to our GBC, $25 million related to contract and $6lease termination fees, and $19 million of other restructuring costs. Impairment charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were comprised of $5 million from our Hospital Operations segment and $2 million from each of our Ambulatory Care and Conifer segments. Acquisition‑related costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 consisted entirely of transaction costs.

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Restructuring charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 consisted of $4employee severance costs of $13 million, costs related to the transition of various administrative functions to our GBC totaling $16 million and $19 million of other restructuring costs. Impairment charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were comprised of $1 million from our Ambulatory Care segment. Acquisition‑related costs during the nine‑month period consisted entirely of transaction costs.

Litigation and Investigation Costs
Litigation and investigation costs forduring the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $20$12 million and $13$29 million, respectively, and $50 million and $64 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Net Gains on Sales, Consolidation and Deconsolidation of Facilities
During the three months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded net gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities of approximately $412 million, primarily comprised of a gain of $409 million related to our sale of the Miami Hospitals in August 2021.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded net gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities of approximately $427 million, primarily comprised of a gain of $409 million related to the sale of the Miami Hospitals in August 2021, a gain of $14 million related to the sale of the majority of our urgent care centers in April 2021 and net gains of $4 million related to other activity.

Interest Expense
Interest expense for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 was $222 million and $671 million, respectively, compared to $227 million compared to $240and $702 million for the same periodperiods in 2021.

Loss from Early ExtinguishmentExtinguishment of Debt
During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we incurred aggregate losses from the early extinguishment of debt of $43$109 million. These losses related to the redemption of our 7.500% senior secured first lien notes due 2025 (“2025 Senior Secured First Lien Notes”) in February 2022, open market purchases of our 6.750% senior unsecured notes due 2023 (the “2023 Senior Unsecured Notes”) during the six-month period ended June 30, 2022 and the redemption in full of the 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes in June 2022, in all cases in advance of the notes’ maturity date.

Loss from early extinguishment of debt was $20 million and $74 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The loss in the three months ended September 30, 2021 related to the redemption of our 4.625% senior secured first lien notes due 2024 (“2024 Senior Secured First Lien Notes”) in advance of their maturity date anddate. The loss in the repurchase of $103 million aggregate principal amount outstandingnine‑month period included the loss from the redemption of our 20232024 Senior Unsecured Notes. TheSecured First Lien Notes, as well as losses incurred from these transactionsthe redemption of our 5.125% senior secured second lien notes due 2025 in June 2021 and the retirement of our 7.000% senior unsecured notes due 2025 in March 2021, both in advance of their respective maturity dates.

In all of the 2022 and 2021 periods, the losses from early extinguishment of debt primarily related to the difference between the purchase prices and the par value of the notes, as well as the write‑off of associated unamortized issuance costs.

Loss from early extinguishment of debt was $23 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and related to the retirement of our 7.000% senior unsecured notes due 2025 in advance of their maturity date.

Income Tax Expense
During the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we recorded income tax expense of $99$112 million in continuing operations on pre-tax income of $378$380 million compared to $45$197 million on pre-tax income of $267$774 million during the prior‑year period. During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we recorded income tax expense of $32$297 million in continuing operations on pre‑tax income of $1.023 billion compared to $303 million on pre-tax income of $1.360 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recorded income tax expense of $113 million to increase the valuation allowance for interest expense carryforwards due toas a change inresult of the limitation on business interest expense. We did not have any interest expense disallowance rules in 2022.limited during 2021.

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A reconciliation between the amount of reported income tax expense and the amount computed by multiplying income from continuing operations before income taxes by the statutory federal tax rate is presented below:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
202220212022202120222021
Tax expense at statutory federal rate of 21%Tax expense at statutory federal rate of 21%$79 $56 Tax expense at statutory federal rate of 21%$80 $163 $215 $286 
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefitState income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit14 13 State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit15 29 40 56 
Tax benefit attributable to noncontrolling interestsTax benefit attributable to noncontrolling interests(29)(25)Tax benefit attributable to noncontrolling interests(29)(26)(86)(79)
Nondeductible goodwillNondeductible goodwill— 28 35 
Stock-based compensation tax benefitStock-based compensation tax benefit(2)(1)Stock-based compensation tax benefit(1)(1)(4)(4)
Changes in valuation allowanceChanges in valuation allowance32 — Changes in valuation allowance36 — 113 — 
Other itemsOther itemsOther items11 18 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense$99 $45 Income tax expense$112 $197 $297 $303 

Net Income Available to Noncontrolling Interests
Net income available to noncontrolling interests was $140$137 million for the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to $125$129 million for the three months ended March 31,September 30, 2021. Net income available to noncontrolling interests for the 2022 period was comprised of $99$111 million related to our Ambulatory Care segment, $25$5 million related to our Hospital Operations segment which was substantially dueand $21 million related to our Alabama joint venture partner’s shareConifer segment.

Net income available to noncontrolling interests was $418 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $392 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Net income available to noncontrolling interests for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was comprised of the $69$324 million gain from the sale of several medical office buildings,related to our Ambulatory Care segment, $38 million related to our Hospital Operations segment and $16$56 million related to our Conifer segment. Of the portion related to our Ambulatory Care segment, $4$9 million related to the minority interestsinterest Baylor held in USPI.USPI until June 30, 2022.

ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTAL NON-GAAP DISCLOSURES
The financial information provided throughout this report, including our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto, has been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). However, we use certain non‑GAAP financial measures defined below in communications with investors, analysts, rating agencies, banks and others to assist such parties in understanding the impact of various items on our financial statements, some of which are recurring or involve cash payments. We use this information in our analysis of the performance of our business, excluding items we do not consider relevant to the performance of our continuing operations. In addition, we use these measures to define certain performance targets under our compensation programs.

“Adjusted EBITDA” is a non‑GAAP measure we define as net income available (loss attributable) to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders before (1) the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle, (2) net loss attributable (income available) to noncontrolling interests, (3) income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax, (4) income tax benefit (expense), (5) gain (loss) from early extinguishment of debt, (6) other non‑operating income (expense), net, (7) interest expense, (8) litigation and investigation (costs) benefit, net of insurance recoveries, (9) net gains (losses) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities, (10) impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition‑related costs, (11) depreciation and amortization, and (12) income (loss) from divested and closed businesses (i.e., health plan businesses). Litigation and investigation costs do not include ordinary course of business malpractice and other litigation and related expense.

We believe the foregoing non‑GAAP measure is useful to investors and analysts because it presents additional information about our financial performance. Investors, analysts, company management and our board of directors utilize this non‑GAAP measure, in addition to GAAP measures, to track our financial and operating performance and compare that performance to peer companies, which utilize similar non‑GAAP measures in their presentations. The human resources committee of our board of directors also uses certain non‑GAAP measures to evaluate management’s performance for the purpose of determining incentive compensation. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure, in part, because certain investors and analysts use both historical and projected Adjusted EBITDA, in addition to GAAP and other non‑GAAP measures, as factors in determining the estimated fair value of shares of our common stock. Company management also regularly reviews the Adjusted EBITDA performance for each operating segment. We do not use Adjusted EBITDA to measure liquidity, but instead to measure operating performance. The non‑GAAP Adjusted EBITDA measure we utilize may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Because this measure excludes many items that are included in our financial statements, it does not provide a complete measure of our operating performance. Accordingly, investors are encouraged to use GAAP measures when evaluating our financial performance.

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The following table presents the reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders (the most comparable GAAP term) for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
20222021 2022202120222021
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholdersNet income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders$140 $97 Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders$131 $449 $309 $665 
Less: Net income available to noncontrolling interestsLess: Net income available to noncontrolling interests(140)(125)Less: Net income available to noncontrolling interests(137)(129)(418)(392)
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxIncome from discontinued operations, net of tax— Income from discontinued operations, net of tax— — 
Income from continuing operationsIncome from continuing operations279 222 Income from continuing operations268 577 726 1,057 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense(99)(45)Income tax expense(112)(197)(297)(303)
Loss from early extinguishment of debtLoss from early extinguishment of debt(43)(23)Loss from early extinguishment of debt— (20)(109)(74)
Other non-operating income, netOther non-operating income, net— 10 Other non-operating income, net16 
Interest expenseInterest expense(227)(240)Interest expense(222)(227)(671)(702)
Operating incomeOperating income648 520 Operating income596 1,014 1,797 2,120 
Litigation and investigation costsLitigation and investigation costs(20)(13)Litigation and investigation costs(12)(29)(50)(64)
Net losses on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities(1)— 
Net gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilitiesNet gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities— 412 — 427 
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costsImpairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs(16)(20)Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs(24)(15)(97)(55)
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization(203)(224)Depreciation and amortization(209)(209)(628)(654)
Adjusted EBITDAAdjusted EBITDA$888 $777 Adjusted EBITDA$841 $855 $2,572 $2,466 
Net operating revenuesNet operating revenues$4,745 $4,781 Net operating revenues$4,801 $4,894 $14,184 $14,629 
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders as a % of net operating revenuesNet income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders as a % of net operating revenues3.0 %2.0 %Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders as a % of net operating revenues2.7 %9.2 %2.2 %4.5 %
Adjusted EBITDA as % of net operating revenues (Adjusted EBITDA margin) 18.7 %16.3 %
Adjusted EBITDA as a % of net operating revenues (Adjusted EBITDA margin) Adjusted EBITDA as a % of net operating revenues (Adjusted EBITDA margin) 17.5 %17.5 %18.1 %16.9 %

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
CASH REQUIREMENTS
Scheduled Contractual Obligations
There have been no material changes to our obligations to make future cash payments under scheduled contractual obligations, such as debt and lease agreements, and under contingent commitments, such as standby letters of credit and minimum revenue guarantees, as disclosed in our Annual Report, except for the matters describedset forth below under “Other Contractual Obligations” and the additional lease obligations and the long‑term debt transactions disclosed in Notes 1 and 6, respectively, to our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Long-Term Debt
At March 31,September 30, 2022, using the last 12 months of Adjusted EBITDA, our ratio of total long‑term debt, net of cash and cash equivalent balances, to Adjusted EBITDA was 3.74x, or 3.93x if adjusted to include outstanding obligations arising from cash advances received from Medicare pursuant to COVID‑19 relief legislation.3.87x. We anticipate this ratio will fluctuate from quarter to quarter based on earnings performance and other factors, including the use of our Credit Agreement as a source of liquidity and acquisitions that involve the assumption of long‑term debt. We seek to manage this ratio and increase the efficiency of our balance sheet by following our business plan and managing our cost structure, including through possible asset divestitures, and through other changes in our capital structure. As part of our long‑term objective to manage our capital structure, we continue to evaluate opportunities to retire, purchase, redeem and refinance outstanding debt subject to prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, operating results, contractual restrictions and other factors. In the year ending December 31, 2023 and beyond, we may also consider share repurchases depending on market conditions and other investment opportunities. Our ability to achieve our leverage and capital structure objectives is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, many of which are described in the Forward‑Looking Statements and Risk Factors sections in Part I of our Annual Report and the Risk Factors section in Part II of this report.our Q1’22 Report.

Interest payments, net of capitalized interest, were $166$601 million and $190$664 million in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

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Share Repurchase Program
In October 2022, our board of directors authorized a $1 billion share repurchase program. The timing and amounts of repurchases will be based on management’s discretion, subject to market conditions and other factors. The share repurchase program does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common stock, and it may be suspended for periods or discontinued at any time before its scheduled expiration.

Other Contractual Obligations
Baylor Put/Call Agreement—As previously discussed in our Annual Report, we have aour put/call agreement (the “Baylor Put/Call Agreement”) with Baylor University Medical Center (“Baylor”)contained put and call options with respect to Baylor’sthe 5% ownership interest Baylor held in USPI. Each year starting in 2021,The Baylor mayPut/Call Agreement gave Baylor the option to annually put up to one‑thirdone-third of its total shares in USPI (the “Baylor Shares”) by delivering notice byover a period of three years beginning in 2021. We had the end of January of such year. In each year that Baylor does not put the full 33.3% of USPI’s shares allowable, we mayright to call the difference between the number of shares Baylor put each year and the maximum number of shares it could have put that year. We have the ability to choose whether to settle the purchase price for the Baylor put/call, which is mutually agreed‑upon fair market value, in cash or shares of our common stock.put.

Baylor did not deliver a put notice to us in January 2021 or 2022. In each of February 2021 and 2022, we notified Baylor of our intention to exercise our call option to purchase 33.3% of the Baylor Shares for that year (now 66.6%(66.6% in total). We are continuingIn June 2022, we entered into an agreement with Baylor (the “Share Purchase Agreement”) to negotiatecomplete the purchase of the Baylor Shares we called in 2021 and 2022 and to accelerate the acquisition of the remaining Baylor Shares eligible to be put/called in 2023. Under the terms of those purchases.the Share Purchase Agreement, we agreed to pay Baylor $406 million to buy its entire 5% voting ownership interest in USPI. We expect thatpaid $11 million upon execution of the estimated payment to repurchase the shares calledShare Purchase Agreement and will make 35 additional non-interest bearing monthly payments of approximately $11 million, which payments commenced in February 2021August 2022. At September 30, 2022, we had liabilities of $135 million recorded in other current liabilities and 2022 will be at least $250$222 million in the aggregate based on an increaseother long-term liabilities in the estimated fair valueaccompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet for the purchase of USPI.these shares.

Investment in the SCD Centers—USPI continues to make offers in an ongoing process to acquire a portion of the equity interests in certain of the SCD Centers from the physician owners for consideration of up to approximately $250 million. During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we made aggregate payments of $9$51 million to acquire controlling interests in three12 SCD Centers. We cannot reasonably predict how many additional physician owners will accept our offers to acquire a portion of their equity, nor the timing or amount of any remaining payments. We expect to fund these payments using cash on hand.

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that may have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources, except for $247$219 million of standby letters of credit outstanding and guarantees at March 31,September 30, 2022.

Other Cash Requirements
Our capital expenditures primarily relate to the expansion and renovation of existing facilities (including amounts to comply with applicable laws and regulations), surgical hospital expansion focused on higher acuity services, equipment and information systems additions and replacements, introduction of new medical technologies (including robotics), design and construction of new buildings or hospitals, and various other capital improvements, as well as commitmentsimprovements. We continue to make capital expendituresimplement our portfolio diversification strategy into ambulatory surgery and have a baseline intention to invest $250 million annually in connection withambulatory business acquisitions of businesses.and de novo facilities. Capital expenditures were $155$472 million and $121$354 million in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We anticipate that our capital expenditures for continuing operations for the year ending December 31, 2022 will total approximately $725 million to $775 million, including $95 million that was accrued as a liability at December 31, 2021.

USPI maintains a separate management equity plan (the “USPI Management Equity Plan”) under which it grants restricted stock units (“RSUs”) representing a contractual right to receive one share of USPI’s non‑voting common stock in the future. The vesting of RSUs granted under the plan varies based on the terms of the underlying award agreement. Once the requisite holding period is met, during specified times, the participant can sell the underlying shares to USPI at their estimated fair market value. At our sole discretion, the purchase of any non‑voting common shares can be made in cash or in shares of Tenet’s common stock. At September 30, 2022, there were 175,036 outstanding vested shares of non-voting common stock eligible to be sold to USPI.

Income tax payments, net of tax refunds, were $8$148 million in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to $2$54 million in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2021.

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SOURCES AND USES OF CASH
Our liquidity for the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 was primarily derived from net cash provided by operating activities and cash on hand. During the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022, we also received supplemental funds from federal and state grants provided under COVID‑19 relief legislation. We had $1.405$1.208 billion of cash and cash equivalents on hand at March 31,September 30, 2022 to fund our operations and capital expenditures, and our borrowing availability under our credit facility was $1.500 billion based on our borrowing base calculation at March 31,September 30, 2022.

When operating under normal conditions, ourOur primary source of operating cash is the collection of accounts receivable. As such, our operating cash flow is impacted by levels of cash collections, as well as levels of implicit price concessions, due to shifts in payer mix and other factors. Our Credit Agreement provides additional liquidity to manage fluctuations in operating cash caused by these factors.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $228$662 million in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to $534 million$1.211 billion in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2021. Key factors contributing to the change between the 2022 and 2021 periods include the following:

$194880 million of Medicare advances recouped or repaid in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to no amounts$326 million recouped during the same period in 2021;

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$5155 million of cash received from grants in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to $31$38 million received in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2021;

Lower interest payments of $63 million in 2022 period;

Higher income tax payments of $94 million in the 2022 period;

Decreased net cash receipts of $12$94 million related to supplemental Medicaid programs in California and Texas; and

The timing of other working capital items.

WeNet cash used net cash of $60 million and $145 million in investing activities duringwas $502 million for the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The decrease incompared to net cash usedprovided by investing activities of $85$802 million betweenfor the 2022 and 2021 periods was attributable to an increase of $135 million in proceedsnine months ended September 30, 2021. Proceeds from the sale of facilities and other assets were $1.026 billion lower during the 2022 period, primarily relateddue to the sale of several medical office buildingsthe majority of our urgent care centers in 2022. This was partially offset by higher capital expendituresApril 2021 and the sale of $34 million and an increase of $15 millionthe Miami Hospitals in August 2021. Additionally, cash used for purchasesthe purchase of businesses or joint venture interestsincreased $160 million and capital expenditures increased $118 million in the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.

NetWe used net cash used inof $1.316 billion and $2.167 billion for financing activities was $1.127 billion forduring the threenine months ended March 31,September 30, 2022 compared to $694 million forand 2021, respectively. Financing activity during the threenine months ended March 31, 2021. Financing activity in theSeptember 30, 2022 period included payments against our borrowings of $879 million$2.786 billion, including $1.933 billion paid to reduceredeem all $1.872 billion of aggregate principal amount outstanding of our long-term debt, including2023 Senior Unsecured Notes and $730 million paid to redeem all $700 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2025 Senior Secured First Lien Notes and $107 million paid to repurchase $103 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes. In addition, we paid total distributions to noncontrolling interest holders increased $116 million, including distributions of $135 million, funds held for USPI’s unconsolidated affiliates for which we provide cash management services decreasedthe proceeds from the sale of several medical office buildings to minority interest holders totaling $61 million. These factors were partially offset by $80 million and we made paymentsproceeds of $27 million related to$2.000 billion from the issuance of our stock‑based compensation plans. Net cash used in financing activities2030 Senior Secured First Lien Notes during the threenine months ended March 31, 2021 included payments of $541 million to reduce our long-term debt, including a payment of $495 million to retire our 7.000% senior unsecured notes due 2025, and distributions to noncontrolling interest holders of $119 million.September 30, 2022.

We record our equity securities and our debt securities classified as available‑for‑sale at fair market value. The majority of our investments are valued based on quoted market prices or other observable inputs. We have no investments that we expect will be negatively affected by the current economic conditions such that they will materially impact our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

DEBT INSTRUMENTS, GUARANTEES AND RELATED COVENANTS
Credit Agreement—At March 31,September 30, 2022, our Credit Agreement provided for revolving loans in an aggregate principal amount of up to $1.500 billion with a $200 million subfacility for standby letters of credit. In March 2022, we amended the revolving credit facility to, among other things, (i) decrease the previous maximum aggregate revolving credit commitments from $1.900 billion to $1.500 billion, subject to borrowing availability, (ii) extend the scheduled maturity date from September 2024 to March 2027, and (iii) replace the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) with the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and Daily Simple SOFR (each, as defined in the Credit Agreement) as the reference
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interest rate. At March 31,September 30, 2022, we had no cash borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement, and we had less than $1 million of standby letters of credit outstanding. Based on our eligible receivables, $1.500 billion was available for borrowing under the Credit Agreement at March 31,September 30, 2022. At March 31, 2022, weWe were in compliance with all covenants and conditions in our Credit Agreement.Agreement at September 30, 2022.

Letter of Credit Facility—We have a letter of credit facility (as amended to date, the “LC Facility”) that provides for the issuance, from time to time, of standby and documentary letters of credit in an aggregate principal amount of up to $200 million. The scheduled maturity date of the LC Facility is September 12, 2024. The LC Facility is subject to an effective maximum secured debt covenant of 4.25 to 1.00. At March 31,September 30, 2022, we were in compliance with all covenants and conditions in the LC Facility, and we had $138$116 million of standby letters of credit outstanding thereunder.

Senior Unsecured Notes and Senior Secured Notes—On June 15, 2022, we issued $2.000 billion aggregate principal amount of our 2030 Senior Secured First Lien Notes. We will pay interest on the 2030 Senior Secured First Lien Notes semi‑annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing on December 15, 2022. As further discussed below, we used a substantial portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the 2030 Senior Secured First Lien Notes, after payment of fees and expenses, to finance the redemption of our 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes.

Through a series of open‑market transactions during the six months ended June 30, 2022, we repurchased $124 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes using cash on hand. Following the issuance of our 2030 Senior Secured First Lien Notes, we used a substantial portion of the proceeds to redeem the then-remaining $1.748 billion aggregate principal outstanding of the 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes in advance of their maturity date. In total, we paid $1.933 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2022 to retire our 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes in full and recorded aggregate losses from early extinguishment of debt of $71 million, primarily related to the difference between the purchase prices and the par value of the notes, as well as the write‑off of associated unamortized issuance costs.

On February 23, 2022, we redeemed all $700 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2025 Senior Secured First Lien Notes in advance of their maturity date. We paid $730 million from cash on hand to redeem the notes. In connection with the redemption, we recorded a loss from early extinguishment of debt of $38 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily related to the difference between the purchase price and the par value of the notes, as well as the write‑off of associated unamortized issuance costs.
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In addition, in March 2022, we repurchased $103 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2023 Senior Unsecured Notes through a series of open‑market transactions. We paid $107 million from cash on hand to complete these transactions. In connection with the repurchases, we recorded a loss from early extinguishment of debt of $5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily related to the difference between the purchase prices and the par value of the notes, as well as the write‑off of associated unamortized issuance costs.

For additional information regarding our long-term debt, see Note 6 to the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report.

LIQUIDITY
We continue to experience negative impacts of the COVID‑19 pandemic on our business in varying degrees. During January and FebruaryIn various periods during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we were affected by a significant acceleration in COVID‑19 cases associated with the Omicron variant.variant and subvariants. Future variants could similarly emerge and cause surges in COVID‑19 cases, which may adversely impact the local economies of areas we serve. Any increase in the amount of or deterioration in the collectability of patient accounts receivable could adversely affect our cash flows and results of operations. If general economic conditions deteriorate or remain uncertain for an extended period of time, our liquidity and ability to repay our outstanding debt may be impacted.

We have taken, and continue to take, various actions to increase our liquidity and mitigate the impact of reductions in our patient volumes and changes in our service mix and revenue mix. These actions included the sale and redemption of various senior unsecured notes and senior secured notes, which eliminated any significant debt maturities until June 2023July 2024 and will reduce our future annual cash interest expense payments. In addition, we have continued cost-efficiency measures, as well as necessary cost reductions, to substantially offset incremental costs, including temporary staffing and premium pay, as well as higher supply costs for PPE. We have also sought to compensate for the COVID‑19 pandemic’s disruption of our patient volumes and service mix by growing our services for which demand has been more resilient, including our higher‑acuity service lines. While the length of time that will be required for our patient volumes and mix to return to pre-pandemic levels is unknown, especially demand for lower‑acuity services, we believe demand for our higher‑acuity service lines will continue to grow. We believe these actions, together with government relief packages, supported our ability to provide essential patient services during the initial uncertainty caused by the COVID‑19 pandemic and continue to do so.

From time to time, we expect to engage in additional capital markets, bank credit and other financing activities depending on our needs and financing alternatives available at that time. We believe our existing debt agreements provide flexibility for future secured or unsecured borrowings.
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Our cash on hand fluctuates day‑to‑day throughout the year based on the timing and levels of routine cash receipts and disbursements, including our book overdrafts, and required cash disbursements, such as interest payments and income tax payments, as well as cash disbursements required to respond to the COVID‑19 pandemic. Cash flows from operating activities in the first quarter of the calendar year are usually lower than in subsequent quarters of the year, primarily due to the timing of certain working capital requirements during the first quarter, including our annual 401(k) matching contributions and annual incentive compensation payouts. These fluctuations result in material intra-quarter net operating and investing uses of cash that have caused, and in the future may cause, us to use our Credit Agreement as a source of liquidity. We believe that existing cash and cash equivalents on hand, borrowing availability under our Credit Agreement and anticipated future cash provided by our operating activities should be adequate to meet our current cash needs. These sources of liquidity, in combination with any potential future debt incurrence, should also be adequate to finance planned capital expenditures, payments on the current portion of our long-term debt, payments to current and former joint venture partners, including those related to put and call arrangements,our Share Purchase Agreement with Baylor, and other presently known operating needs.

Long-term liquidity for debt service and other purposes will be dependent on the amount of cash provided by operating activities and, subject to favorable market and other conditions, the successful completion of future borrowings and potential refinancings. However, our cash requirements could be materially affected by the use of cash in acquisitions of businesses, repurchases of securities, the exercise of put rights or other exit options by our joint venture partners, and contractual commitments to fund capital expenditures in, or intercompany borrowings to, businesses we own. In addition, liquidity could be adversely affected by a deterioration in our results of operations, including our ability to generate sufficient cash from operations, as well as by the various risks and uncertainties discussed in this section, other sections of this report and in our Annual Report and our Q1’22 Report, including any costs associated with legal proceedings and government investigations.

We do not rely on commercial paper or other short-term financing arrangements nor do we enter into repurchase agreements or other short-term financing arrangements not otherwise reported in our balance sheet. In addition, we do not have significant exposure to floating interest rates given that all of our current long-term indebtedness has fixed rates of interest except for borrowings under our Credit Agreement.
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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
In preparing our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP, we must use estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. We regularly evaluate the accounting policies and estimates we use. In general, we base the estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable, given the particular circumstances in which we operate. Actual results may vary from those estimates.

We consider our critical accounting estimates to be those that (1)(i) involve significant judgments and uncertainties, (2)(ii) require estimates that are more difficult for management to determine, and (3)(iii) may produce materially different outcomes under different conditions or when using different assumptions.

Our critical accounting estimates have not changed from the description provided in our Annual Report.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The following table presents information about certain of our market-sensitive financial instruments at March 31,September 30, 2022. The fair values were determined based on quoted market prices for the same or similar instruments. The average effective interest rates presented are based on the rate in effect at the end of the reporting period. The effects of unamortized discounts and issue costs are excluded from the table.
Maturity Date, Years Ending December 31, Maturity Date, Years Ending December 31,
20222023202420252026ThereafterTotalFair Value 20222023202420252026ThereafterTotalFair Value
(Dollars in Millions) (Dollars in Millions)
Fixed rate long-term debtFixed rate long-term debt$102 $1,894 $1,455 $46 $2,120 $9,371 $14,988 $14,876 Fixed rate long-term debt$38 $134 $1,476 $64 $2,137 $11,381 $15,230 $14,036 
Average effective interest ratesAverage effective interest rates4.1 %6.6 %4.6 %5.7 %4.9 %5.4 %5.4 %Average effective interest rates4.7 %5.0 %4.7 %6.1 %4.9 %5.5 %5.3 %

We have no affiliation with partnerships, trusts or other entities (sometimes referred to as “special-purpose” or “variable-interest” entities) whose purpose is to facilitate off-balance sheet financial transactions or similar arrangements by us. As a result, we have no exposure to the financing, liquidity, market or credit risks associated with such entities. We do not hold or issue derivative instruments for trading purposes and are not a party to any instruments with leverage or prepayment features.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
We carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined by Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of the end of the period covered by this report. The evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer. Based upon that evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of March 31,September 30, 2022 to ensure that material information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported by management on a timely basis in order to comply with our disclosure obligations under the Exchange Act and the SEC rules thereunder.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31,September 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Because we provide healthcare services in a highly regulated industry, we have been and expect to continue to be party to various lawsuits, claims and regulatory investigations from time to time. For information regarding material legal proceedings in which we are involved, see Note 12 to our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which is incorporated by reference.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
This section supplements and updates certain ofThere have been no material changes to the information found under Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” ofrisk factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 (the “Annual Report”) basedand our Quarterly Report on information currently known to us and recent developments sinceForm 10-Q for the filing of the Annual Report.quarter ended March 31, 2022.

A cybersecurity incident we recently experienced could result in negative impacts on our business.
In April 2022, we experienced a cybersecurity incident that temporarily disrupted a subset of our acute care operations and involved the exfiltration of certain confidential company and patient information. During this time, our hospitals remained operational and continued to deliver patient care safely and effectively, utilizing wellestablished backup processes. We immediately suspended user access to impacted information technology applications, executed extensive cybersecurity protection protocols, and took steps to restrict further unauthorized activity. Promptly after the incident, we began to restore impacted information technology operations and launched an investigation of the incident, which investigation is ongoing, to determine, among other things, the full extent of the company and patient information involved. We are also continuing the process of fully restoring impacted information technology operations. As with any cybersecurity incident, system interruption or unavailability of our information systems or of third-party systems with access to our data, this cybersecurity incident could result in: the unauthorized disclosure, misuse, loss or corruption of such data; interruptions and delays in our normal business operations (including the collection of revenues); patient harm; potential liability under privacy, security, consumer protection or other applicable laws; significant recovery costs or regulatory penalties; and negative publicity and damage to our reputation. Any of these could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
    Unless otherwise indicated, the following exhibits are filed with this report: 
(10)Material Contracts
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(31)Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications
(a)
(b)
(32)
(101 SCH)Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
(101 CAL)Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
(101 DEF)Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
(101 LAB)Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
(101 PRE)Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
(101 INS)Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document
(104)Cover page from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,September 30, 2022 formatted in Inline XBRL (included in Exhibit 101)
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement

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Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
    Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION
(Registrant)
 
Date: April 29,October 28, 2022By:/s/ R. SCOTT RAMSEY
 R. Scott Ramsey
 Senior Vice President, Controller
 (Principal Accounting Officer)
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